BUILDINGTECHNOLOGIESPROGRAMMarch26‐27,2014ASRACPumpsWorkingGroupMetric:CalculationsandStandardSetting2ReviewofPERmetricandissuesfromlastmeetingDetailedexamplesfortestprocedureapproach•Calculation‐basedmethod-Howtoaccountformotorefficiencyatpartloadandcontrols•Testing‐basedmethodLoadpointoptions•Vote?Weightingoptions•Vote?DenominatoroptionsOverview3MetricApplicabilitytoPumpConfigurationsPumpConfigurationBare Pump BarePump+Driver BarePump+Driver+Controls

Metric CoverageBarePumpDoesnotincludemotorefficiencyDoesnotdescribecontrollossesorbenefitsBarePump+Driver(w/ std.driver)DoesnotdescribecontrollossesorbenefitsBarePump+Driver+Controls(w/ std.driverandcontrols)(w/std.controls)

PumpDriver PumpDriverControl Pump4CoveredProductMetricBarePumpEfficiencyorEnergyUseDriverEfficiencyorEnergyUseControlsEfficiencyorEnergyUse‘Pump’EfficiencyorEnergyUse=5PossibleMetricPumpEnergyRating(PER):equallyweightedaverageelectricinputpower(P1)tothe‘pump’measured(orcalculated)atthedriverinputor,whenpresent,controlsinput,overaspecifiedloadprofile(110%,100%,75%,and50%ofBestEfficiencyPoint(BEP)flowatnominalspeed).•Forbarepumporpump+driver,achievepart‐loadbythrottlingthroughpumpcurveatratedspeed.•Forpump+driver+controls,achievepart‐loadbyreducingspeedandcorrectingtoaspecifiedsystemcurveshape.PER=0.25(P1BEP)+0.25(P11.1BEP)+0.25(P10.75BEP)+0.25(P10.5BEP)Notes:DenominatorcouldbeincludedinmetricRatingpoints,loadpoints,andweightingmustbedetermined6IssuestoDiscuss•Metric–Denominator•Motorlosses– bringexamplesto3/26meeting–Fullloadonly,differentlosscurvesfordifferenttypesofmotors?•Methodtoaccountforcontrols– bringexamplesto3/26meeting–Testingfordriveefficiency?–LoadControlFactortoaccountfordifferenttypes:VSD,multi‐speedmotors,ECMs?•Loadpoints(i)‐%ofBEPflow–50%,75%,100%?–25%,50%,75%,100%?–75%,100%,110%?–50%,75%,100%,110%?•Weighting(wi)–Equalweighting?(w=0.25)ൌ ࡾࡱࡼࡲ࡯ࡸ࣓૙૞.૙ࡼ૙૞.૙η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૞ૠ.૙ࡼ૞ ૠ.૙η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅ࡼࡱ࡮ࡼࡼࡱ࡮η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૚.૚ࡼ૚ .૚η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓ࡼ࢕࢘ࢊ࢟ࡴ7MetricOptions•PER•MEI– describespumponly•EEI– describesimpactofcontrolsonly•gpm /kWhforelectricpump/drivercombinations•gpm /Btufornon‐electricpump/drivercombinations•kWh/gpm forelectricpump/drivercombinations•Btu/gpm fornon‐electricpump/drivercombinations•kWh/(gallonsorgpm *feetofhead)forelectricpump/drivercombinations•Btu/(gallonsorgpm *feetofhead)fornon‐electricpump/drivercombinations8Calculationmethods•Bareshaftpump•Barepumpsoldwithmotor•Barepumpsoldwithmotorandcontrol(VFD)Testmethods•Barepumpsoldwithmotor•BarepumpsoldwithmotorandcontrolSampleCalculationsofthePERMetric9PumpUsedforExampleCalculationsNotethatthisexampleisforapumpandmotorcombination.Iftheworkinggroupdecidestoincludeengine‐drivenpumpsinthescopeofthisrulemaking,similarcalculationmethodswillhavetobedevelopedoraseparatephysicaltestapplied.Pump Motor(ifapplicable) ControlsType:OH1Ratedconditions:•RatedFlow:900GPM•RatedHead:160ft•RatedSpeed:1750RPMPower:60hpEfficiency:95%Noloadspeed(TestMotor):1780RPM[fourpolemotor]Various10PERCalculation:DeterminingBEPFlowRate(Q100%)•7 pointssweptfromshutofftomaximumflowrate,withflowrate(GPM),Head(ft),rotationalspeed(rpm),torque(in‐lbf)recordedinfollowingtable•Hydraulicpumpefficiencyiscalculatedateachflowpoint–Inputpower=(torque)x(speed)–Outputpower=(flowrate)x(head)x(specificweightoffluid)–Efficiency=outputpower/inputpower•BEPfoundbydeterminingmaximumofbestfitcurveofefficiencywithrespecttoflowrate%ofBEPflowFlowRate(GPM) Head(ft)Speed(RPM)Torque(lb‐in)HydraulicPower(hp)Shaftinputpower(hp)η(%)η[bestfit](%)128 1200.59 141.51 1774.10 1977.14 41.76 55.65 75.04 74.42108 1012.80 157.91 1774.63 1782.87 39.31 50.20 78.31 77.57100 939.62 162.58 1774.80 1721.36 37.55 48.47 77.47 77.8691 851.24 169.44 1775.86 1613.80 35.46 45.47 77.97 77.6576 709.87 178.40 1775.85 1458.85 31.13 41.11 75.73 75.9658 547.19 186.61 1777.84 1251.15 25.10 35.29 71.12 71.2248 449.06 189.67 1778.80 1112.42 20.94 31.40 66.69 66.1811×standardizedmotorefficiency(andpartloadcurve?)MOTORpumpperformancedatafrompumptestatratedspeedBarePump×standardizedcontrolsperformanceControls•Standardmotor:ACInduction,NEMADesignB,openenclosure.•HPusedwillbenextHPabovebrakehorsepowerat120%ofBEPHP.•Poleswillbebasedonspeedatwhichpumpisbeingrated.Issues•StandardizedMotorPerformance•Standardfullloadmotorefficiencyforallpoints,basedonFederalstandards;or•Developstandardmotorpart‐loadcurves.•StandardizedControlsPerformance•Assume100%efficiency;or•Developstandardcontrolefficiency,potentialwithpart‐loadcurves.12DeterminingBarePumpPerformance•DeterminebrakehpatQ50%,Q75%,Q100%andQ110%flowrates–PumpbrakehpobtainedfrombestfitcurveofbrakehpvsflowrateLoad Point Flowrate[GPM] Pumpbrakehp[HP]Q110%1034 50.65Q100%940 47.66Q75%705 40.16Q50%470 32.66ࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ࣓૙૞.૙ࡼ૙૞.૙η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૞ૠ.૙ࡼ૞ૠ.૙η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅ࡼࡱ࡮ࡼࡼࡱ࡮η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૚.૚ࡼ૚.૚η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓ࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ૞૛ .૙࢖ࢎ	૞૟ .૙૞η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓૛૞ 

.൅ ૙࢖ࢎ	૟૟ .ૠ 

૝η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓૞૛ .૙ ൅࢖ࢎ	૟૚ .૙૝η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓૞૛ .૙ ൅࢖ࢎ	૟૟ .૛૜η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓13AccountingforMotorLosses•Fullloadmotorefficiency(ηmotor,default)forthebareshaftpumpPERcalculationobtainedfromTable3in10CFR431.25(subpartB)–Determinepumpshafthp at120%ofBEPflow=1128GPM=53.65hp‐>60hp–Forafourpolemotorwithratedloadof60hp,thefullloadefficiencyηratedDOE=93.6%•Toaccountformotorlosseswithdecreasedloading,onecouldcalculatemotorlossesateachloadpointbasedonaloadfraction:–Calculateloadfraction(brakehp ateachloadpointdividedbyratedmotorload[60hp])•Fromloadfractionandpartloadpointsobtainedfrombrakehp data,estimatethepart‐loadlossfactorsateachmotorloadpointusinganequation:–yi=0.12xi3+0.18xi2+0.4xi+0.3•Whereyiisthelossfactorateachloadpoint(i),andxiistheloadfractionforeachloadpoint࢞࢏ൌࡼ࢏ሿ࢖ࢎሾࢋࢠ࢏ࡿ࢘࢕࢚࢕ࡹൌࡼ࢏࢖ࢎ	૙૟ൌ૞૙. ૟૞૟૙ൌ ૙. ૡ૝૝14AccountingforMotorLosses•Calculatethefractionalloadlossateachflowpointusing:ܮ௜ൌ ܮ௙௨௟௟,௥௔௧௘ௗ∗ ݕ௜–WhereLiisthefractionalloadlossateachflowpointinhp,Lfull,ratedisthefullloadlossesdeterminedinaccordancewith10CFR431.25(subpartB)inhp,andyiisthepartloadlossfactorforeachflowpoint•Calculatethefractionalinputpowerasfollows:ܲ௜௡௜ൌ ܲ௜൅ ܮ௜–WherePiisthebareshaftinputpowerinhp andthefractionalloadlossateachflowpoint,Lfull,ratedisthefullloadlossesdeterminedinaccordancewith10CFR431.25(subpartB)–Calculatefractionalinputpowerasfollows:Piin=Pi+Li%BEPflowBare pumpshaftinputpower (hp)Loadfraction(xi)Partloadlossfactor(yi)Fractionalloadloss(hp)Fractionalinputpower(hp)110 50.65 0.84 0.84 3.44 54.09100 47.66 0.79 0.79 3.25 50.9075 40.16 0.70 0.682.8142.9750 32.66 0.54 0.59 2.42 35.0815DeterminingBarePumpPerformance‐Calculations•CalculatePERbyweightingeachoftheinputpowervaluesasfollows:•Assumestandardizedloadcontrolfactorof1.ࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ૛૞ 

. ૙૛૞ 

. ൅ ૙࢖ࢎ	ૡ ૙. 

૜૞૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	ૠૢ . 

૝૛૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	૙ૢ .૙૞࢖ࢎ	ૢ૙ .૝૞࢖ࢎ	૟ૠ . ૝૞ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ16MotorLossesEquation•MotorlosscurvesbasedonMotorMastersDatabase•DifferentloadlosscurvesforODP/TEFCand2‐pole/4‐polemotors•Otheroptions?y=0.12x3+0.18x2+0.4x+0.300.20.40.60.811.20 0.5 1 1.5

Fraction of full load power lossFractionoffullloadpowerODPmotorsat3600RPMCubicPolynomialMotorMastersDataPoly.(CubicPolynomial)17×manufacturermotorefficiencyatfullandpartloadMOTORBarePump+MotorManufacturercanpairitspumpdatawithmanufacturermotordata.pumpperformancedatafrompumptestatratedspeedstandardizedcontrolsperformanceControls×MOTORPUMPManufacturercanmeasurepowerofpump+motorcombo.standardizedcontrolsperformanceControls×motor/driveperformancedataBA18DeterminingBarePump+MotorPerformance–CalculationMethod•CalculatePERusingthesamemethodasforthebareshaftpumpexcept:–IncorporatetheratedmotorefficiencyratherthanDOEminimumefficiency•Assume60hp motorwithηmotor,meas=95%(Lfull,rated=3.16hp)andothervaluesasbefore:ࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ࣓૙૞.૙ࡼ૙૞.૙η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૞ૠ.૙ࡼ૞ૠ.૙η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅ࡼࡱ࡮ࡼࡼࡱ࡮η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૚.૚ࡼ૚.૚η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓∗ ૚ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ૞૛ .૙૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	૜૞ .૝૜૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	૛૜ .૛૝૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	૞૚ .૙૞࢖ࢎ	૙૜ .૜૞࢖ࢎ	ૡ ૙. ૝૞ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ%BEPflowBare pumpshaftinputpower (hp)Loadfraction(xi)Partloadlossfactor(yi)Fractionalloadloss(hp)Fractionalinputpower(hp)110 50.65 0.84 0.84 2.6553.30100 47.66 0.79 0.79 2.50 50.1575 40.16 0.70 0.682.1642.3250 32.66 0.54 0.59 1.86 34.5319pumpperformancefrompumptestatratedandreducedspeed×motor/driveperformancedataBCVFDMOTORControlsMOTORPUMPBarePump+Motor+ControlsManufacturercanpairitspumpdatawithtestedmotor+VFD data.Manufacturercanmeasurepowerofpump+motor+controlscombo.×manufacturerordefaultmotorefficiencyAMOTORManufacturercanpairitspumpdatawithmanufacturermotordataanddefaultfactorforcontrols.pumpperformancedatafrompumptestatratedspeeddefaultcontrolsperformanceControls×20•Insteadofwire‐to‐waterorfulldrivesystemtesting,couldapplyacalculationfactortoaccountforenergysavingsfromcontroltoPERofuncontrolledpump+motor:•PERcalculatedforallthreecontroloptionsusing:–barepumpshaftinputpoweratBEPflow,–motornameplateefficiency,and–pumpaffinitylawsDeterminingBarePump+Motor+ControlsPerformance–ࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ࣓૙૞.૙ࡼ૙૞.૙η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૞ૠ.૙ࡼ૞ૠ.૙η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅ࡼࡱ࡮ࡼࡼࡱ࡮η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૚.૚ࡼ૚.૚η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓21Controlfactor:BasisInthisexample,loadcontrolfactorisdefinedastheratioofPERofaspeedcontrolledpumptothePERofanuncontrolledpump•ܨܥܮ ൌ௉ாோ಴೚೙೟ೝ೚೗೗೐೏௉ாோೆ೙೎೚೙೟ೝ೚೗೗೐೏•LoadcontrolfactorfortheVFDprovidedinPERcalculationexamplevariesdependingonloadprofileandweightingPERofpump+motor willbeusedtodeterminetheLCFforeachcontroloptionNeedtoassumespecificcontroloptions:•Potentialcontroloptionscouldincludemulti‐speedmotors,brushlessDC(orECM)motorsandVFDcontrollersUseanassumedconservativesystemcurveforallthreeoptionswithfollowingvariationstodeterminetheLoadControlFactor•AccountformotorlossesinconservativeLCFAssumptions:•Efficiencyofcontrol=96%22Controlfactor:VFD•CalculatePERusingflowpointsalongsystemcurve,ratherthanusingflowpointsalongoneconstantspeedpumpcurve(butnoover‐speeding)•Thesystemcurveisdefinedbythefollowingpumpaffinitylaws:•2.8powerexponentbasedonASHRAEdatasuggestingreal‐lifesystemcurveshavearelationshipbetweenheadandflowwithanexponentfrom1.8to1.9ࡽ૚ࡽ૛ൌ࢔૚࢔૛ࡴ૚ࡴ૛ൌ࢔૚࢔૛૚.ૡࡼ૚ࡼ૛ൌ࢔૚࢔૛૛.ૡReference System CurveHQQ100%Q75%Q50%H100%Q110%23Controlfactor:VFD‐Calculations•Theflowatinputpowertothebarepumpareavailablefromthetestedpumpperformance:•Usingthepumpaffinitylaws,thebarepumpshaftinputpowerat75%ofBEPflow(660GPM)is:•Appliedtoallratingpointsyieldsthefollowing:ࡼࡼࡱ࡮ࡽ															;ܘܐ	ૠ .ૠ ૝ൌࡼࡱ࡮ࡹࡼࡳ	૙૝ૢ ൌࡼ૚ࡼ૛ൌ࢔૚࢔૛૜ൌࡽ૚ࡽ૛૛.ૡࡼ૞ૠ.૙࢖ࢎ	૟૟ .ૠ૝ൌࡹࡼࡳ	૞૙ૠࡹࡼࡳ	૙૝ૢ૛.ૡࡼ૙.ૠ૞ൌ ૝ૠ. ૟૟	࢖ࢎࡹࡼࡳ	૞૙ૠࡹࡼࡳ	૙૝ૢ૛.ૡ࢖ࢎ	૙૜ .૚૛ ൌLoad Point Flow (GPM) Bare pumpinputpower(hp)Q110%1034 53.56QBEP940 47.66Q75%705 21.30Q50%470 6.8424Controlfactor:VFD‐Calculations•Assumingthemotorisa95%efficientmotor(asbefore)andthedriveis96%efficient,thecontrolledPER(PERc)isthen:•TheLoadControlFactorthatwouldbeappliedtoallpumpsisaratiooftheuncontrolledPER(barepump+motor)tothecontrolledPER:ࡾࡱࡼࢉ∗૚ൌ૛૞ .૙૛૞ 

. ൅ ૙࢖ࢎ	૝ૢ .ૠ૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	ૠૡ . 

૛૛૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	૞૚ .૙૞࢖ࢎ	૙૜ .૜૞૙. ૢ૟ࡾࡱࡼࢉ࢖ࢎ	૞૚ .૞૜ ൌࡾࡱࡼࢉࡾࡱࡼൌ૜૞. ૚૞૝૞. ૙ૡࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ૙. ૠૡ25Controlfactor:TwoSpeedMotor•BasedonbarepumpinputpoweratBEP,nameplatemotorefficiency,motorlosscurves,andratedspeeds(lowandhighspeed):–Assumeforthiscalculationthatlowspeedis1⁄2ofhighspeedLoad Point RatedSpeed(RPM) Power(hp) %MotorLoadQ110%1750 53.30 84%QBEP1750 50.15 79%Q75%1750 42.32 67%Q50%875 7.94 11% (54%)ࡼ૚ࡼ૛ൌ࢔૚࢔૛૛.ૡൌࡽ૚ࡽ૛૛.ૡࡼ૞૙ .૙࢖ࢎ	૞૚ .૙૞	ൌࡹࡼࡾ	૞ૡૠࡹࡼࡾ	૙૞ૠ૚૛.ૡൌ ૠ. ૢ૝26Controlfactor:TwoSpeedMotor‐Calculations•Assumingthemotorisa95%efficientmotor(asbefore),thecontrolledPER(PERc)isthen:•TheLoadControlFactorthatwouldbeappliedtoallpumpsaratiooftheuncontrolledPER(barepump+motor)tothecontrolledPER:ࡾࡱࡼࢉ૛૞ . ૙ൌ૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	૝ૢ .ૠ૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	૛૜ .૛૝૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	૞૚ .૙૞࢖ࢎ	૙૜ .૜૞ࡾࡱࡼࢉ࢖ࢎ	૜૝ .ૡ ૜ൌࡾࡱࡼࢉࡾࡱࡼൌ૜ૡ. ૝૜૝૞. ૙ૡࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ૙. ૡ૞27TwoSpeedMotorIssues•Assumeslowerspeedisinitiatedat~60%loading•Forotherthan2‐1windings,couldcalculateP0.50basedonactuallowspeedratio௡మ௡భformotortodetermineLCFforeachmotorupto2‐1–AconservativeassumptioncouldbeP0.50=P(Q@n2),whichisonsystemcurveMotorLoading vs.MotorSize55hp 60hp 75hp59.4% 54.4% 43.5%73.0% 66.9% 53.5%86.6% 79.4% 63.5%92.1% 84.4% 67.5%28Controlfactor:Issues•Issues:–Othercontroloptionstobeconsidered?•Desirabletomaketechnologyneutral?–Notpossibletodistinguishsimilarcontroloptions–Accountforefficiencyofcontrol?•Defaultefficiencyvalueshoulduseaconservativeestimate•Allowfordifferentiationbasedonimprovedefficiencyincontrols?29PERCalculationComparisonSummary•PERaccountsforsavingsfromcontrolandfrommoreefficientmotorEquipmentConfiguration PERBarePump 45.76Pump+95%Eff.Motor 45.08Pump+Motor+VSD 35.15Pump +2‐speedMotor 38.4330BarePump+Motor– TestMethod•Referredtoas“stringtest”inHI14.6–Testsimilartobareshafttestprocedure,exceptmotorinputpower(Pin,i)ismeasureddirectly•Ifmotorefficiencychangessignificantlyfromratedvalue,testedPERwillvaryfromcalculatedvalueMOTORPUMPManufacturercanmeasurepowerofpump+motorcombo.standardizedcontrolsperformanceControls×Pump+motor performancedatafrompumptestatratedspeedࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ࣓૙૞.૙ࡼ૙૞.૙,࢔࢏࣓ ൅૞ૠ.૙ࡼ૞ૠ.૙,࢔࢏࣓ ൅ࡼࡱ࡮ࡼࡼࡱ࡮,࢔࢏࣓ ൅૚.૚ࡼ૚.૚,࢔࢏31pumpperformancefrompumptestatratedandreducedspeed×motor/driveperformancedataBCVFDMOTORControlsMOTORPUMPBarePump+Motor+ControlsManufacturercanpairitspumpdatawithtestedmotor+VFD data.Manufacturercanmeasurepowerofpump+motor+controlscombo.×manufacturerordefaultmotorefficiencyAMOTORManufacturercanpairitspumpdatawithmanufacturermotordataanddefaultcontrolscredits.pumpperformancedatafrompumptestatratedspeeddefaultcontrolsperformanceControls×32Calculationissimilartopump+motorapproach,butusecombinedefficiencyofmotor+driveasdeterminedbyAHRI1210:DrivesystemefficiencydeterminedthroughinterpolationofAHRI1210‐testedpoints:DeterminingBarePump+Motor+ControlsPerformance–AHRI1210Speed/Torque Points16% 25% 56% 100%40%85% 88%50%91% 92%75%93% 95%100%98%ࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ࣓૙૞.૙ࡼ૙૞.૙η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,ࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊ࣓ ൅૞ૠ.૙ࡼ૞ૠ.૙η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,ࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊ࣓ ൅ࡼࡱ࡮ࡼࡼࡱ࡮η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,ࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊ࣓ ൅૚.૚ࡼ૚.૚η࢙ࢇࢋ࢓,ࢋ࢛࢜࢘ࢊ33DeterminingBarePump+Motor+ControlsPerformance–AHRI1210LinearlyinterpolatepointsfromAHRItopumploadpointsForexampleforP0.75andassuminga60hp motor/VFDwitharatedfullloadspeedof1800RPM:Load Point RatedSpeed(RPM)Torque(lb‐in) Bare PumpInputPower(hp)Q110%17501783 50.65QBEP17501721 47.66Q75%1312.51459 21.30Q50%8751112 6.84Speed/Torque Points352lb‐in 550lb‐in 1232lb‐in 2200lb‐in720RPM85% 88%900RPM91%92%1350RPM93%95%1800 RPM98%34InterpolatingAHRI1210DriveEfficiencies•Selectthespeed/torquepointclosesttotheP0.75loadpoint•Forthespeedadjustment:–Selectthehigherandlowerspeed/torquepoints:ηࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊ,૙.ૠ૞ൌη%૞ૠ࢔,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭,ࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊη	െ%૙૞࢔,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭,ࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊ࢔%૞ૠ࢔,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭࢔ െ%૞૙࢔,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭࢔ሺ૞ૠ.૙࢔െ%૞ૠ࢔,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭൅ ሻη%૚૙૙࣎,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭,ࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊη	െ%૟૞࣎,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭,ࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊ࣎%૚૙૙࣎,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭࣎ െ%૞૟࣎,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭࣎ሺ૞ ૠ.૙࣎ െ%૞૟࢔,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭൅ ሻη%૞ૠ࢔,ࡵࡾࡴ࡭,ࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊηࢋ࢜࢏࢘ࢊ,૙.ૠ૞ൌૢ૜% െ ૢ૚%૚ૡ૙૙ െ ૚૜૞૙૚૜૚૛. ૞ െ ૚૜૞૙ ൅ૢૡ% െ ૢ૜%૛૛૙૙ െ ૚૛૜૛૚૝૞ૢ െ ૚૛૜૛ ൅ ૢ૜%ൌ ૢ૝%35InterpolatingAHRI1210DriveEfficiencies•Applyingthisforbothspeedandtorqueandforallloadpoints:•Notereducedspeedpumpinputpowerdataisapplied–Couldbephysicallytestedorassumedusingpumpaffinitylaws૛૞ 

. ૙ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ૛૞ 

. ൅ ૙ૢ ૜. 

૞૝૞૛ .૙ ൅ ࢖ࢎ	ૡ ૚. 

૞૚૛૞ . ൅ ૙࢖ࢎ	૞૝ .૝૛࢖ࢎ	૝ૠ .ૡ࢖ࢎ	૝૙ .૝૜ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ36•CanbeharmonizedwithHI40.6methodoftesttodeterminePERforextendedproducts–40.6focusesonpumpefficiencydeterminationbymeasuringbothbrakehp andpumphydraulicpoweroutput–AHRI1210canbeusedtoratethepartloadefficiencyofcombineddrivesystem•Proposedspeed/torqueloadingisinlinewithsystemcurveproposedinPERcalculationmethod–Speedtorqueloadprofileisquadratic:50%ofsynchronousspeedcorrespondsto25%fullloadtorque•TolerancesaremorestringentthanHI40.6onbothinputandoutputside•Issues:–AHRI1210maynotbereadyintime–Howtoapplytootherdrivetypes(e.g.engines)?–Ifstandardissetusingfullloadefficiencyformotors,theremaybeaninherentpenaltytothismethod(althoughstillwouldcomeoutbetter)AHRI1210:Details&Issues37•Alsoknownas“string”test,addressedinappendicesasannon‐mandatorymethodinHI14.6•Potentialmeasurementmethod:–MeasureinputpowertoVFDterminalsusingsameprotocolasAHRI1210asapplicable(needtoconsiderHI11.6forsubmersiblepumpsinordertoaddressunderwaterelectricalpowermeasurements)–MeasureoutputhydraulicpowerusingHI40.6•DuetonatureofVFDcontrolmethod,harmonicsaffectefficiencyofdrivesystemsuchthatdrivesystemefficiencyisnotsameasproductofindividualmotorandVFDefficiencies•Couldbeappliedtosomepumptypes(e.g.submersiblesandcirculators)onlyDeterminingBarePump+Motor(+Controls)Performance–Wire‐to‐WaterTestingControlsMOTORPUMPManufacturercanmeasurepowerofpump+motor+controlscombo.38PERComparisonSummaryUsingTestMethods•Testing:•Calculation:EquipmentConfiguration PERPump+95%Eff.Motor 44.95Pump+Motor+VSD– AHRI1210 34.04Pump+Motor+VSD– Wire‐to‐Water 33.83EquipmentConfiguration PERBarePump 45.76Pump+95%Eff.Motor 45.08Pump+Motor+VSD 35.15Pump +2‐speedMotor 38.4339ApplicableTestMethods•Shouldmanufacturershavetheoptiontotestorshouldthecalculationmethodberequired?•Isphysicaltestingmoreappropriateforsomeequipmentclasseswhileacalculationmethodismoreappropriateforothers?TestMethod Pros ConsCalculationMethodRepeatable;LessburdensomeDoes notdifferentiatedifferentcontrolsperformance;Assumptionsregarding changeinmotor/controlsefficiencywithchangingloadrequired;DecreasedaccuracyPhysical TestMethodAccurate;Differentiatesperformanceofdifferent motor/controlsequipmentatfullandpartloadBurdensome;AHRI1210test datanotavailable;40OptionsforthePERmetricloadpointscouldinclude:•50%,75%,100%,and110%ofBEPflow•75%,100%,and110%ofBEPflow•Others?25%ofBEPflow•Somepumpsmayhavedifficultyornotbeabletooperateatthe25%loadpointwithoutcontrols(i.e.withthrottling)•Exaggeratesimprovedperformancewithcontrolsduetolowloading110%ofBEPflow•ThispointispartoftheEU“houseofefficiency,”designedtoencourageabroadefficiencycurvePERLoadPointChoiceࡲ࡯ࡸ ൌ ࡾࡱࡼ࣓૙૞.૙ࡼ૙૞.૙η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૞ૠ.૙ࡼ૞ૠ.૙η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅ࡼࡱ࡮ࡼࡼࡱ࡮η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓࣓ ൅૚.૚ࡼ૚.૚η࢚࢒࢛ࢇࢌࢋࢊ,࢘࢕࢚࢕࢓41•Loadpointsassumingequalweighting:•Choiceofloadpointsdoesnotimpactranking,onlyrelativemagnitude–Lesslowerloadpointsde‐emphasizesimpactofcontrolsImpactofDifferentLoadPointsLoad profilePump EnergyRating(PER)inhpBarepumpPump&MotorControlOptionsVFD 2‐Speed25%, 50%,75%,100%ofBEPflow39.05 38.44 21.97 28.3450%,75%,100%,110% ofBEPflow45.76 45.08 35.15 38.43Constant loadat25%27.25 26.77 2.76 1.95Constant loadat100%50.90 50.15 52.23 50.1542NormalLoadCurve•Assumenormalcurvestretchesfrom0%ofBEPflowto120%ofBEPflow•Couldselectspecificvalues(reddiamonds)orbinweightsinto≤50%,≤75%,≤100%,and<100%(greenboxes).00.0050.010.0150.020.0250 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Weight Value%ofBEPFlow43•Assumeloadpointsof50%,75%,100%and110%ofBEPflow:ImpactofDifferentWeightingsLoad profilePump EnergyRating(PER)inhpBarepumpPump&MotorControlOptionsVFD 2‐SpeedEqualweighting45.76 45.08 35.15 38.42NormalLoadCurve(Discrete)40.00 39.38 19.52 26.47NormalLoadCurve (Bins)42.39 41.75 25.76 36.8400.10.20.30.40.50.650 75 100 110

Weight Value%ofBEPFlowNormalizedDiscreteNormalizedBinsEqualWeight44PEROptionsNoDenominator DenominatorForm WeightedaverageofpumpinputpoweratseveralloadpointsWeightedinputofpumpinputpoweratseveralloadpointsnormalizedby pumphydraulicoutputpower,areferencepumpefficiency,orothervalueUnits kW, Btu,orHP Dimensionless*Standard Strong function offlowandspecificspeedWeakfunction offlowandspecificspeedPros RepresentativeoftheenergyconsumptionofthatpumpinthefieldMorecomparableacrosspumps ofdifferentsizes/specificspeeds;SimilartoEEIapproachinEUCons Notcomparableacrosspumpsof differentflows/specificspeedsNoreference pumpefficiencyinUS,sodifficulttoset;otherdenominatoroptionsmaynotbelogical(discussedonnextslide)*Mayvarybasedondenominatorchosen45DenominatorOptionsDenominator Pros ConsPowerconsumptionofsamepumpinanuncontrolledsystemN/AThisvaluegivesnoindicationoftheefficiencyofthepump‐twopumpswithequivalentpart‐loadperformanceanddifferentefficienciesatBEPwouldhavethesameratedvalue.ReferenceshaftpowerforminimallycompliantbarepumpwithminimallycompliantmotorResultsinvaluebetween0and1.Clearlyindicatesperformanceofapumprelativetoabaseline.Inherentlyrequiresdesignationofminimallycompliantpump(i.e.,MEI).Mayover‐orunder‐representthebaselineefficiencyforsomepumps.MarketaverageshaftpowerwithminimallycompliantormarketaveragemotorIndicatesperformanceofapumprelativetothemarket.Locksinthemetrictotheperformanceofpumpsinthemarketatagivenpointintime.Doesn’tlimitmetricvaluesbetween0and1.Testedpump’shydraulic poweratBEPAccountsfordifferencesinpumpefficienciesbetweenmodels.HassimilarratedvaluesforpumpsofdifferentsizesLowerPERratingforsmallerpumpsbecauselowercapacityequipmentisinherentlylessefficient.46PossibleDenominatorScalingOptions•TodeterminethenormalizedPERusingthevariousdenominatoroptions,scalethePERwithoutadenominatorasfollows:ܲܧܴே௢௥௠ൌܲܧܴை௅஽ሺ݄݌ሻሻ݌݄ሺ	ܯܱܰܧܦ•For50%,75%,100%,and110%ofBEPflowasloadpointsandequalweighting:DenominatorScalingOptionsValue(hp)Pump energyrating(PER)BareshaftpumpPump &motorPump, motor&VFDHydraulicpower 37.6 1.219 1.200 0.936ShaftPower 47.6 0.960 0.946 0.738MinimallyCompliant(MEI10)64.4 0.711 0.710 0.514MarketAverage(MEI50)59.3 0.7713 0.7712 0.558