# Patent

## Title
Method for preparing olefin-diene copolymer using transition metal compound containing thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl ligand

## Abstract

The present invention relates to a preparation method for olefin-diene copolymer that comprises polymerizing at least one olefin-based monomer and at least one diene-based monomer in the presence of a catalyst comprising a novel transition metal compound. Using the novel transition metal compound as a catalyst, the preparation method for olefin-diene copolymer according to the present invention can not only acquire high catalytic activity for copolymerization of the olefin and diene monomers to achieve high process efficiency but allow it to easily control the fine-structure characteristics of the copolymer, thereby providing an olefin-diene copolymer having desired properties with ease.

## Background
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for preparing an olefin-diene copolymer using a transition metal compound containing a thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl ligand.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Sustainable attempts have been made in the fields of academy and industry to prepare a polyolefin with desired properties using a variety of homogenous catalysts since Prof. Kaminsky developed the homogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalyst using a Group 4 metallocene compound activated with a methylaluminoxane co-catalyst in the late 1970's.
The conventional heterogeneous catalysts in ethylene/α-olefin copolymerization not only provide a low quantity of α-olefin incorporation but cause the α-olefin incorporation to occur primarily in the polymer chain with low molecular weight only. Contrarily, the homogenous catalysts in ethylene/α-olefin copolymerization lead to induce a high quantity of α-olefin incorporation and provide uniform α-olefin distribution.
In contrast to the heterogeneous catalysts, however, the homogenous catalysts are hard of providing a polymer with high molecular weight.
With low molecular weight, the polymers encounter a limitation in development of their usage, such as being inapplicable to the products required to have high strength. For that reason, the conventional heterogeneous catalysts have been used in the industrial manufacture of polymers, and the usage of the homogeneous catalysts is confined to the manufacture for some grades of polymer.
On the other hand, there has been suggested a technique for preparing an olefin copolymer or an olefin/diene copolymer with desired properties using a variety of metallocene catalysts. However, an excess of the diene monomer is inevitably used due to the characteristic reactivity of the diene monomer, only to reduce the polymerization rate and activity of the olefin monomer, making it difficult to control the properties of the copolymer.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Technical Problem
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing an olefin-diene copolymer using a catalyst that has a high catalytic activity for copolymerization of olefin and diene monomers and enables it to control the properties of the copolymer product with ease.
Technical Solution
To achieve the object of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing an olefin-diene copolymer that comprises polymerizing at least one olefin-based monomer and at least one diene-based monomer in the presence of a catalyst comprising a transition metal compound represented by the following formula 1:




In the formula 1, M is a Group 4 transition metal;
Q1 and Q2 are independently a halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C6-C20 aryl, C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl, C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylamido, C6-C20 arylamido, or C1-C20 alkylidene;
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10 are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; or C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group, where R1 and R2 can be linked to each other to form a ring; R3 and R4 can be linked to each other to form a ring; and at least two of R5 to R10 can be linked to each other to form a ring; and
R11, R12, and R13 are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkoxy; or C6-C20 aryloxy, where R11 and R12, or R12 and R13 can be linked to each other to form a ring.
In the transition metal compound of the formula 1, M is titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), or hafnium (Hf); Q1 and Q2 are independently methyl or chlorine; R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently hydrogen or methyl; and R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R13 are independently hydrogen.
The catalyst may further comprise at least one co-catalyst compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formula 6, 7, or 8.

—[Al(R61)—O]a—  [Formula 6]

In the formula 6, R61 is independently a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, or a halogen-substituted C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; and a is an integer of 2 or above.

D(R71)3  [Formula 7]

In the formula 7, D is aluminum (Al) or boron (B); and R71 is independently a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, or a halogen-substituted C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical.

[L-H]+[Z(A)4]− or [L]+[Z(A)4]−  [Formula 8]

In the formula 8, L is a neutral or cationic Lewis acid; Z is a Group 13 element; and A is independently a C6-C20 aryl or C1-C20 alkyl radical having at least one hydrogen atom substituted with a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, a C1-C20 alkoxy radical, or a C6-C20 aryloxy radical.
As for the co-catalyst compound, in the formula 6, R61 is methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, or isobutyl. In the formula 7, D is aluminum, and R71 is methyl or isobutyl; or D is boron, and R71 is pentafluorophenyl. In the formula 8, [L-H]+ is a dimethylanilinium cation, [Z(A)4]− is [B(C6F5)4]−, and [L]+ is [(C6H5)3C]+.
The content of the co-catalyst compound is given such that the molar ratio of a metal in the co-catalyst compound with respect to one mole of a transition metal in the transition metal compound of the formula 1 is 1:1 to 1:100,000.
Further, the catalyst may comprise the transition metal compound of the formula 1 bound to at least one support selected from the group consisting of SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, MgCl2, CaCl2, ZrO2, TiO2, B2O3, CaO, ZnO, BaO, ThO2, SiO2—Al2O3, SiO2—MgO, SiO2—TiO2, SiO2—V2O5, SiO2—CrO2O3, SiO2—TiO2—MgO, bauxite, zeolite, starch, and cyclodextrine.
The olefin-based monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of C2-C20 α-olefin, C3-C20 cyclo-olefin, and C3-C20 cyclo-diolefin.
The diene-based monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of C4-C20 conjugated diene, C5-C20 aliphatic non-conjugated diene, C5-C20 cyclic non-conjugated diene, and C6-C20 aromatic non-conjugated diene.
The polymerization step is carried out at a temperature of −50 to 500° C. and a pressure of 1 to 3,000 atm.
Further, the content ratio of the diene-based monomer to the olefin-based monomer polymerized into the olefin-diene copolymer is 1:0.1 to 1:10.
Further, the olefin-diene copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 1,000,000; a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of 1 to 10; and a density of 0.850 to 0.920 g/ml.
Advantageous Effects
Using a novel transition metal compound as a catalyst, the preparation method for olefin-diene copolymer according to the present invention can not only acquire high catalytic activity for copolymerization of olefin and diene monomers to achieve high efficiency of the process but easily control the fine-structure characteristics of the copolymer, thereby providing an olefin-diene copolymer having desired properties with ease.


DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a description will be given as to a method for preparing an olefin-diene copolymer according to the embodiments of the present invention.
In the course of repeated studies on the catalysts for olefin polymerization, the inventors of the present invention have found out a novel ligand in which an amido ligand is linked to an ortho-phenylene ligand to form a condensed ring, and a 5-membered cyclic pi-ligand linked to the ortho-phenylene ligand is fused with a heterocyclic thiophene ligand. Also, they have found it out that a transition metal compound comprising the ligand exhibits higher catalytic activity and provides a polymer with higher molecular weight than a transition metal compound not fused with a heterocyclic thiophene ligand.
Particularly, it has been revealed that the use of the transition metal compound comprising the novel ligand in the preparation of olefin-diene copolymer makes it easier to control the fine-structure characteristics of the copolymer and thus allows the preparation of an olefin-diene copolymer having a high content of the diene co-monomer and high molecular weight, thereby completing the present invention.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing an olefin-diene copolymer that comprises polymerizing at least one olefin-based monomer and at least one diene-based monomer in the presence of a catalyst comprising a transition metal compound represented by the following formula 1:




In the formula 1, M is a Group 4 transition metal;
Q1 and Q2 are independently a halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C6-C20 aryl, C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl, C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylamido, C6-C20 arylamido, or C1-C20 alkylidene;
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10 are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; or C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group, where R1 and R2 can be linked to each other to form a ring; R3 and R4 can be linked to each other to form a ring; and at least two of R5 to R10 can be linked to each other to form a ring; and
R11, R12, and R13 are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkoxy; or C6-C20 aryloxy, where R11 and R12, or R12 and R13 can be linked to each other to form a ring.
Firstly, the catalyst used in the preparation method of the present invention will be described.
The catalyst comprises a transition metal compound represented by the formula 1.
The transition metal composition of the formula 1 is activated with an under-mentioned co-catalyst compound to provide activity for polymerization reaction of olefin.
The transition metal compound of the formula 1 comprises a novel ligand in which an amido ligand is linked to an ortho-phenylene ligand to form a condensed ring, and a 5-membered cyclic pi-ligand linked to the ortho-phenylene ligand is fused with a heterocyclic thiophene ligand. Accordingly, the transition metal compound exhibits higher catalytic activity for olefin-diene copolymerization than the transition metal compound not fused with a heterocyclic thiophene ligand.
According to the present invention, in the compound of the formula 1, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R13 are independently substituted with a substituent, including acetal, ketal, and ether groups. With such substituents, the transition metal compound can be more favored in being supported on the surface of a support.
In the compound of the formula 1, M is preferably titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), or hafnium (Hf).
Preferably, Q1 and Q2 are independently halogen or C1-C20 alkyl. More preferably, Q1 and Q2 are independently chlorine or methyl.
R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently hydrogen or C1-C20 alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl. More preferably, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently hydrogen or methyl, with the provision that at least one of R3 and R4 is methyl; and R5 is methyl.
Preferably, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R13 are independently hydrogen.
The transition metal compound of the formula 1 preferably includes the above-mentioned substituents with a view to controlling the electronic and steric environments around the metal.
On the other hand, the transition metal compound of the formula 1 can be obtained from a precursor compound represented by the following formula 2:




In the formula 2, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R13 are as defined in the formula 1.
In this regard, the precursor compound of the formula 2 may be prepared by a method comprising: (a) reacting a tetrahydroquinoline derivative represented by the following formula 3 with alkyl lithium and adding carbon dioxide to prepare a compound represented by the following formula 4; and (b) reacting the compound of the formula 4 with alkyl lithium, adding a compound represented by the following formula 5, and then treating with an acid:




In the formulas 3, 4 and 5, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R13 are as defined in the formula 1.
In the formulas 3, 4 and 5, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently hydrogen or C1-C20 alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl. More preferably, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently hydrogen or methyl, with the provision that at least one of R3 and R4 is methyl; and R5 is methyl. Preferably, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R13 are independently hydrogen. In this manner, the precursor compound is advantageous in securing easy accessibility and reactivity of a starting material and controlling the electronic and steric environments for the desired transition metal compound of the formula 1.
The step (a) involves reacting a tetrahydroquinoline derivative of the formula 3 with alkyl lithium and then adding carbon dioxide to form a compound of the formula 4, which process can be achieved by the methods disclosed in the known documents (Tetrahedron Lett. 1985, 26, 5935; Tetrahedron 1986, 42, 2571; and J. Chem. SC. Perkin Trans. 1989, 16).
In the step (b), the compound of the formula 4 is reacted with alkyl lithium to activate deprotonation and produce an ortho-lithium compound, which is then reacted with a compound of the formula 5 and treated with an acid to obtain a precursor for transition metal compound of the formula 2.
The method of producing an ortho-lithium compound by reaction between the compound of the formula 4 and alkyl lithium can be understood from the known documents (Organometallics 2007, 27,6685; and Korean Patent Registration No. 2008-0065868). In the present invention, the ortho-lithium compound is reacted with a compound of the formula 5 and treated with an acid to produce a precursor for transition metal compound of the formula 2.
The compound of the formula 5 can be prepared by a variety of known methods. For example, the following Scheme 1 can be used to prepare the precursor for the transition metal compound of the present invention with ease in a one-step process, which is economically beneficial by using inexpensive starting materials (J. Organomet. Chem., 2005, 690,4213).




On the other hand, a variety of known methods can be employed to synthesize the transition metal compound of the formula 1 from the precursor for transition metal compound represented by the formula 2 obtained by the above-stated preparation method. According to one embodiment of the present invention, 2 equivalents of alkyl lithium is added to the precursor for transition metal compound of the formula 2 to induce deprotonation for producing a dilithium compound of cyclopentadienyl anion and amide anion, and (Q1)(Q2)MCl2 is then added to the dilithium compound to eliminate 2 equivalents of LiCl, thereby preparing the transition metal compound of the formula 1.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the compound of the formula 2 is reacted with M(NMe2)4 to eliminate 2 equivalents of HNME2 and produce a transition metal compound of the formula 1, where both Q1 and Q2 are NMe2. The transition metal compound is then reacted with Me3SiCl or Me2SiCl2 to replace the NMe2 ligand with a chlorine ligand.
On the other hand, the catalyst used in the preparation method of the present invention may further comprise a co-catalyst compound.
The co-catalyst compound is to activate the transition metal compound of the formula 1. Thus, any kind of compound can be used as the co-catalyst compound without limitation in its construction, provided that it can activate the transition metal compound without deteriorating the catalytic activity of the catalyst of the present invention.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the co-catalyst compound is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formula 6, 7, or 8:

—[Al(R61)—O]a—  [Formula 6]

In the formula 6, R61 is independently a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, or a halogen-substituted C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; and a is an integer of 2 or above.

D(R71)3  [Formula 7]

In the formula 7, D is aluminum (Al) or boron (B); and R71 is independently a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, or a halogen-substituted C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical.

[L-H]+[Z(A)4]− or [L]+[Z(A)4]−  [Formula 8]

In the formula 8, L is a neutral or cationic Lewis acid; Z is a Group 13 element; and A is independently a C6-C20 aryl or C1-C20 alkyl radical having at least one hydrogen atom substituted with a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, a C1-C20 alkoxy radical, or a C6-C20 aryloxy radical.
In this regard, the co-catalyst compound of the formula 6 is not specifically limited in its construction, provided that it is alkylaluminoxane, and may be preferably methylaluminoxane, ethylaluminoxane, butylaluminoxane, hexylaluminoxane, octylaluminoxane, decylaluminoxane, etc.
Further, the co-catalyst compound of the formula 7 may be trialkylaluminum (e.g., trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tributylaluminum, trihexylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, tridecylaluminum, etc.); dialkylaluminum alkoxide (e.g., dimethylaluminum methoxide, diethylaluminum methoxide, dibutylaluminum methoxide, etc.); dialkylaluminum halide (e.g., dimethylaluminum chloride, diethylaluminum chloride, dibutylaluminum chloride, etc.); alkylaluminum dialkoxide (e.g., methylaluminum dimethoxide, ethylaluminum dimethoxide, butylaluminum dimethoxide, etc.); alkylaluminum dihalide (e.g., methylaluminum dichloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, butylaluminum dichloride, etc.); trialkyl boron (e.g., trimethyl boron, triethyl boron, triisobutyl boron, tripropyl boron, tributyl boron, etc.); or tris-pentafluorophenyl boron.
Further, the co-catalyst compound of the formula 8 may be trimethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, triethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tripropylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tri(n-butyl)ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tri(sec-butyl)ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium n-butyl tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium benzyl tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis(4-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis(4-(t-triisopropylsilyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium pentafluorophenoxy tris(pentafluorphenyl)borate, N,N-diethylanilinium tetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borate, N,N-dimethyl-2,4,6-trimethylanilinium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylammonium tetrakis(2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-diethylammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, tripropylammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, tri(n-butyl)ammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, dimethyl(t-butyl)ammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethyl-2,4,6-trimethylanilinium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, and so forth.
The co-catalyst compound of the formula 8 may also be dialkylammonium (e.g., di-(i-propyl)ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, dicyclohexylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, etc.); trialkylphosphonium (e.g., triphenylphosphonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tri(o-tolylphosphonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tri(2,6-dimethylphenyl)phosphonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, etc.); dialkyloxonium (e.g., diphenyloxonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, di(o-tolyl)oxonium tetrakis(pentafluororphenyl)borate, di(2,6-dimethylphenyloxonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, etc.); dialkylsulfonium (e.g., diphenylsulfonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, di(o-tolyl)sulfonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)sulfonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, etc.); or carbonium salts (e.g., tropylium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, triphenylmethylcarbenium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, benzene(diazonium)tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, etc.).
According to the present invention, in order for the co-catalyst compound to exhibit the enhanced effect of activation, the conditions are preferably given as follows: in the formula 6, R61 is methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, or isobutyl; in the formula 7, D is aluminum (Al), and R71 is methyl or isobutyl; or D is boron (B), and R71 is pentafluorophenyl; and in the formula 8, [L-H]+ is a dimethylanilinium cation, [Z(A)4]− is [B(C6F5)4]−, and [L]+ is [(C6H5)3C]+.
The added amount of the co-catalyst compound can be determined in consideration of the added amount of the transition metal compound of the formula 1, the required amount of the co-catalyst for sufficient activation of the transition metal compound, and so forth.
As for the content of the co-catalyst compound, the molar ratio of a metal in the co-catalyst compound with respect to one mole of a transition metal in the transition metal compound of the formula 1 is 1:1 to 1:100,000, preferably 1:1 to 1:10,000, more preferably 1:1 to 1:5,000.
More specifically, the co-catalyst of the formula 6 may be used at a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:100,000, preferably 1:5 to 1:50,000, more preferably 1:10 to 1:20,000 with respect to the transition metal compound of the formula 1.
Further, the co-catalyst compound of the formula 7, where D is boron (B), may be used at a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:100, preferably 1:1 to 1:10, more preferably 1:1 to 1:3, with respect to the transition metal compound of the formula 1.
Although dependent upon the amount of water in the polymerization system, the co-catalyst compound of the formula 7, where D is aluminum (Al), may be used at a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:1,000, preferably 1:1 to 1:500, more preferably 1:1 to 1:100, with respect to the transition metal compound of the formula 1.
Further, the co-catalyst of the formula 8 may be used at a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:100, preferably 1:1 to 1:10, more preferably 1:1 to 1:4 with respect to the transition metal compound of the formula 1.
On the other hand, the catalyst used in the preparation method of the present invention may be a catalyst in which the transition metal compound of the formula 1 or a combination of the transition metal compound and the co-catalyst compound is bound to the surface of a support.
In this regard, the support as used herein may be any kind of inorganic or organic support used in the preparation of a catalyst in the related art of the present invention.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the support may be SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, MgCl2, CaCl2, ZrO2, TiO2, B2O3, CaO, ZnO, BaO, ThO2, SiO2—Al2O3, SiO2—MgO, SiO2—TiO2, SiO2—V2O5, SiO2—CrO2O3, SiO2—TiO2—MgO, bauxite, zeolite, starch, cyclodextrine, or synthetic polymer.
Preferably, the support includes hydroxyl groups on its surface and may be at least one selected from the group consisting of silica, silica-alumina, and silica-magnesia.
The supporting method for the transition metal compound and the co-catalyst compound on a support may include: a method of directly supporting the transition metal compound on a dehydrated support; a method of pre-treating the support with the co-catalyst compound and then adding the transition metal compound; a method of supporting the transition metal compound on a support and then adding the co-catalyst for after-treatment of the support; or a method of reacting the transition metal compound with the co-catalyst compound and then adding a support.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the solvent as used in the supporting method is, for example, aliphatic hydrocarbon-based solvents (e.g., pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, etc.); aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvents (e.g., benzene, monochlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, toluene, etc.); halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon-based solvents (e.g., dichloromethane, trichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, etc.); or mixtures thereof.
In terms of the efficiency of the process for supporting the transition metal compound and the co-catalyst compound on a support, the supporting process may be preferably carried out at a temperature of −70 to 200° C., preferably −50 to 150° C., more preferably 0 to 100° C.
The preparation method for olefin-diene copolymer according to the present invention may comprise polymerizing at least one olefin-based monomer and at least one diene-based monomer in the presence of the afore-mentioned catalyst.
In this regard, the olefin and diene monomers are not specifically limited and may include any kind of olefin and diene monomers generally used in the related art of the present invention.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the olefin-based monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of C2-C20 α-olefin, C3-C20 cyclo-olefin, C3-C20 cyclo-diolefin, and substituted or unsubstituted styrene.
Preferably, the olefin-based monomer may be C2-C20 α-olefin, including ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, or 1-hexene; C3-C20 cyclo-olefin or cyclodiolefin, including cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cyclopentadiene, cyclohexadiene, norbornene, or methyl-2-norbornene; substituted styrene having a C1-C10 alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, amine, silyl, or haloalkyl group linked to styrene or phenyl ring of styrene; or mixtures thereof.
Further, the diene-based monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of C4-C20 conjugated diene, C5-C20 aliphatic non-conjugated diene, C5-C20 cyclic non-conjugated diene, and C6-C20 aromatic non-conjugated diene.
Preferably, the diene-based monomer may be at least one selected from the group consisting of C4-C20 conjugated diene-based monomers (e.g., butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,2-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,4-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1-ethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3-ethyl-1,3-pentadiene, etc.); C5-C20 aliphatic non-conjugated diene-based monomers (e.g., 1,4-pentadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 2-methyl-1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 6-methyl-1,5-heptadiene, 1,6-octadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 7-methyl-1,6-octadiene, 1,13-tetradicadiene, 1,19-icosadiene, etc.); C5-C20 cyclic non-conjugated diene-based monomers (e.g., 1,4-cyclohexadiene, bicyclo[2,2,2]hept-2,5-diene, 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, 5-methylene-2-norbornene, 5-vinyl-2-norbornene, bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-2,5-diene, 4-vinylcyclohex-1-ene, bicyclo[2,2,1]hept-2,5-diene, bicyclopentadiene, methyltetrahydroindene, 5-allylbicyclo[2,2,1]hept-2-ene, 1,5-cyclooctadiene, etc.); and C6-C20 aromatic non-conjugated diene-based monomers (e.g., 1,4-diallylbenzene, 4-allyl-1H-indene, etc.).
In addition to the above-mentioned diene-based monomers, the present invention may use C6-C20 triene-based monomers, such as 2,3-diisoprophenylidene-5-norbornene, 2-ethylidene-3-isopropylidene-5-norbornene, 2-propyl-2,5-norbornadiene, 1,3,7-octatriene, 1,4,9-decatriene, etc.
The polymerization step may be carried out by way of slurry, solution, gas, or bulk polymerization.
In the polymerization step conducted in the solution or slurry phase, the solvent or the olefin-based monomer itself can be used as a medium.
The solvent as used in the polymerization step may be aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents (e.g., butane, isobutane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, etc.); aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvents (e.g., benzene, monochlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, etc.); halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents (e.g., dichloromethane, trichloromethane, chloroethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, etc.); or mixtures thereof.
In the polymerization step, the added amount of the catalyst is not specifically limited and may be determined within a range allowing a sufficient polymerization reaction of the monomer depending on whether the process is carried out by way of slurry, solution, gas, or bulk polymerization.
According to the present invention, the added amount of the catalyst is 10−8 to 1 mol/L, preferably 10−7 to 10−1 mol/L, more preferably 10−7 to 10−2 mol/L, based on the concentration of the central metal of the transition metal compound per unit volume (L) of the monomer.
Further, the polymerization step may be carried out by way of the batch type, semi-continuous type, or continuous type reaction.
The temperature and pressure conditions for the polymerization step are not specifically limited and may be determined in consideration of the efficiency of the polymerization reaction depending on the types of the reaction and the reactor used.
According to the present invention, the polymerization step may be carried out at a temperature of −50 to 500° C., preferably 0 to 400° C., more preferably 0 to 300° C. Further, the polymerization step may be carried out under the pressure of 1 to 3,000 atm, preferably 1 to 1,000 atm, more preferably 1 to 500 atm.
On the other hand, the preparation method for olefin-diene copolymer according to the present invention allows it to control the fine-structure characteristics of the copolymer with ease by using the afore-mentioned catalyst, thereby providing an olefin-diene copolymer with a high content of the diene co-monomer, high molecular weight, and desired properties.
In other words, the content ratio of the diene-based monomer to the olefin-based monomer in the olefin-diene copolymer may be 1:0.1 to 1:10, preferably 1:0.1 to 1:5, more preferably 1:0.1 to 1:1.
Further, the olefin-diene copolymer may have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000 to 1,000,000, preferably 50,000 to 800,000, more preferably 50,000 to 500,000.
The olefin-diene copolymer may have a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of 1 to 10, preferably 1.5 to 8, more preferably 1.5 to 6.
The olefin-diene copolymer may have a density of 0.085 to 0.920 g/ml.
On the other hand, the preparation method for copolymer according to the present invention may further comprise, in addition to the afore-mentioned steps, a step known to those skilled in the art before or after the afore-mentioned steps, which are not given to limit the preparation method of the present invention.
Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given as to the present invention in accordance with the preferred embodiments, which are given by way of illustration only and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The following synthesis procedures (i) and (ii) for the precursor and the transition metal compound were performed in the atmosphere of inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon, according to the following Schemes 2 and 3, using the standard Schlenk and glove box techniques.
The individual compounds in the Scheme 2 come in different substituents. The substituents are presented in the table given below the corresponding compound (for example, the compound D-2 denotes a compound having a hydrogen atom for Ra and a methyl group for Rb and Rc).
In the Scheme 2, the compound C (C-1, C-2, or C-3) was synthesized by a known method (J. Organomet. Chem., 2005, 690, 4213).




(i) Synthesis of Precursor
Example i-1
Synthesis of Precursor D-1
A Schlenk flask containing 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (1.00 g, 7.51 mmol) and diethyl ether (16 ml) was cooled down in a cold bath at −78° C. and stirred while n-butyl lithium (3.0 mL, 7.5 mmol, 2.5 M hexane solution) was slowly added under the nitrogen atmosphere. After one-hour agitation at −78° C., the flask was gradually warmed up to the room temperature. A light yellowish solid precipitated, and the butane gas was removed through a bubbler. The flask was cooled down back to −78° C. and supplied with carbon dioxide. Upon injection of carbon dioxide, the slurry-type solution turned to a clear homogenous solution. After one-hour agitation at −78° C., the flask was gradually warmed up −20° C. while the extra carbon dioxide was removed through the bubbler to remain a white solid as a precipitate.
Tetrahydrofuran (0.60 g, 8.3 mmol) and t-butyl lithium (4.9 mL, 8.3 mmol, 1.7 M pentane solution) were sequentially added at −20° C. in the nitrogen atmosphere, and the flask was agitated for about 2 hours. Subsequently, a tetrahydrofuran solution (19 mL) containing lithium chloride and the compound C-1 (1.06 g, 6.38 mmol) was added in the nitrogen atmosphere. The flask was agitated at −20° C. for one hour and then gradually warmed up to the room temperature. After one-hour agitation at the room temperature, water (15 mL) was added to terminate the reaction. The solution was moved to a separatory funnel to extract the organic phase. The extracted organic phase was put in a separatory funnel, and then hydrochloric acid (2 N, 40 mL) was added. After shaking up the solution for about 2 minutes, an aqueous solution of sodium hydrocarbonate (60 mL) was slowly added to neutralize the solution. The organic phase was separated and removed of water with anhydrous magnesium sulfate to eliminate the solvent and yield a sticky product. The product thus obtained was purified by the silica gel column chromatography using a mixed solvent of hexane and ethylacetate (v/v, 50:1) to yield 77.2 mg of the desired compound (43% yield).
In the 1H NMR spectrum of the final product, there was observed a set of two signals at ratio of 1:1, resulting from the difficulty of rotating about the carbon-carbon bond (marked as a thick line in the Scheme 2) between phenylene and cyclopentadiene. In the following 13C NMR spectrum, the values in parenthesis are chemical shift values split due to the difficulty of rotation.
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.22 and 7.17 (br d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (s, 2H), 6.93 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (br t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.84 and 3.80 (s, 1H, NH), 3.09 and 2.98 (q, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, CHMe), 2.90-2.75 (br, 2H, CH2), 2.65-2.55 (br, 2H, CH2), 1.87 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.70-1.50 (m, 2H, CH2), 1.16 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 3H, CH3) ppm.
13C NMR (C6D6): 151.64 (151.60), 147.74 (147.61), 146.68, 143.06, 132.60, 132.30, 129.85, 125.02, 121.85, 121.72, 119.74, 116.87, 45.86, 42.54, 28.39, 22.89, 16.32, 14.21 ppm.
Example i-2
Synthesis of Precursor D-2
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example i-1, excepting that the compound C-2 was used rather than the compound C-1 to synthesize the precursor compound D-2. The yield was 53%.
In the 1H NMR spectrum of the final product, there was observed a set of two signals at ratio of 1:1, resulting from the difficulty of rotating about the carbon-carbon bond (marked as a thick line in the Scheme 2) between phenylene and cyclopentadiene.
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.23 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (br t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.00 and 3.93 (s, 1H, NH), 3.05 (br q, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, CHMe), 3.00-2.80 (br, 2H, CH2), 2.70-2.50 (br, 2H, CH2), 2.16 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.04 (br s, 3H, CH3), 1.91 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.75-1.50 (m, 2H, CH2), 1.21 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 3H, CH3) ppm.
13C NMR (C6D6): 151.60 (151.43), 145.56 (145.36), 143.08, 141.43, 132.90, 132.68, 132.43, 129.70, 121.63, 120.01, 116.77, 46.13, 42.58, 28.42, 22.97, 15.06, 14.19, 14.08, 12.70 ppm.
Example i-3
Synthesis of Precursor D-3
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example i-1, excepting that tetrahydroquinaldine was used rather than 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline to synthesize the precursor compound D-3. The yield was 63%.
In the 1H NMR spectrum of the final product, a certain signal was split into a set of four signals at ratio of 1:1:1:1, resulting from the difficulty of rotating about the carbon-carbon bond (marked as a thick line in the Scheme 2) between phenylene and cyclopentadiene and isomerism pertaining to the existence of two chiral centers.
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.33, 7.29, 7.22, and 7.17 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (s, 2H), 6.80-6.70 (m, 1H), 3.93 and 3.86 (s, 1H, NH), 3.20-2.90 (m, 2H, NCHMe, CHMe), 2.90-2.50 (m, 2H, CH2), 1.91, 1.89, and 1.86 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.67-1.50 (m, 1H, CH2), 1.50-1.33 (m, 1H, CH2), 1.18, 1.16, and 1.14 (s, 3H, CH3), 0.86, 0.85, and 0.80 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 3H, CH3) ppm.
13C NMR (C6D6): 151.67, 147.68 (147.56, 147.38), 147.06 (146.83, 146.28, 146.10), 143.01 (142.88), 132.99 (132.59), 132.36 (131.92), 129.69, 125.26 (125.08, 124.92, 124.83), 122.03, 121.69 (121.60, 121.28), 119.74 (119.68, 119.46), 117.13 (117.07, 116.79, 116.72), 47.90 (47.73), 46.04 (45.85), 31.00 (30.92, 30.50), 28.00 (27.83, 27.64), 23.25 (23.00), 16.38 (16.30), 14.63 (14.52, 14.18) ppm.
Example i-4
Synthesis of Precursor D-4
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example i-1, excepting that the compound C-2 and tetrahydroquinaldine were used rather than the compound C-1 and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline to synthesize the precursor compound D-4. The yield was 63%.
In the 1H NMR spectrum of the final product, a certain signal was split into a set of four signals at ratio of 1:1:1:1, resulting from the difficulty of rotating about the carbon-carbon bond (marked as a thick line in the Scheme 2) between phenylene and cyclopentadiene and isomerism pertaining to the existence of two chiral centers.
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.32, 7.30, 7.22, and 7.19 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.85-6.65 (m, 1H), 4.10-3.90 (s, 1H, NH), 3.30-2.85 (m, 2H, NCHMe, CHMe), 2.85-2.50 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.15 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.02 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.94, 1.92, and 1.91 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.65-1.50 (m, 1H, CH2), 1.50-1.33 (m, 1H, CH2), 1.22, 1.21, 1.20, and 1.19 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.10-0.75 (m, 3H, CH3) ppm.
13C NMR (C6D6): 151.67 (151.57), 145.58 (145.33, 145.20), 143.10 (143.00, 142.89), 141.62 (141.12), 134.08 (133.04), 132.84 (132.70, 136.60), 132.50 (132.08), 129.54, 121.52 (121.16), 119.96 (119.71), 117.04 (116.71), 47.90 (47.78), 46.29 (46.10), 31.05 (30.53), 28.02 (28.67), 23.37 (23.07), 15.22 (15.04), 14.87 (14.02, 14.21), 12.72 (12.67) ppm.
Example i-5
Synthesis of Precursor D-5
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example i-1, excepting that the compound C-3 and tetrahydroquinaldine were used rather than the compound C-1 and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline to synthesize the precursor compound D-5. The yield was 48%.
In the 1H NMR spectrum of the final product, a certain signal was split into a set of four signals at ratio of 1:1:1:1, resulting from the difficulty of rotating about the carbon-carbon bond (marked as a thick line in the Scheme 2) between phenylene and cyclopentadiene and isomerism pertaining to the existence of two chiral centers.
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.32, 7.29, 7.22 and 7.18 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.84-6.68 (m, 1H), 6.60 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.00-3.92 (s, 1H, NH), 3.30-2.90 (m, 2H, NCHMe, CHMe), 2.90-2.55 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.27 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.94, 1.91 and 1.89 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.65-1.54 (m, 1H, CH2), 1.54-1.38 (m, 1H, CH2), 1.23, 1.22, and 1.20 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.00-0.75 (m, 3H, CH3) ppm.
13C NMR (C6D6): 151.51, 145.80, 145.64, 145.45, 144.40, 144.22, 143.76, 143.03, 142.91, 139.78, 139.69, 139.52, 133.12, 132.74, 132.52, 132.11, 129.59, 121.52, 121.19, 120.75, 120.47, 119.87, 119.69, 116.99, 116.76, 47.90, 47.77, 46.43, 46.23, 32.55, 30.98, 30.51, 27.95, 27.67, 23.67, 23.31, 23.06, 16.52, 15.01, 14.44, 14.05 ppm.
(ii) Synthesis of Transition Metal Compound
Example ii-1
Synthesis of Transition Metal Compound E-1
In a dry box, the compound D-1 (0.10 g, 0.36 mmol) synthesized in Example i-1 and dimethyl ether were put into a round-bottomed flask and cooled down to −30° C. N-butyl lithium (2.5 M hexane solution, 0.2 g, 0.71 mmol) was gradually added to the flask under agitation to activate the reaction at −30° C. for 2 hours. Warmed up to the room temperature, the flask was agitated for more 3 hours for the reaction. After cooled down back to −30° C., to the flask were added methyl lithium (1.6 M diethyl ether solution, 0.33 g, 0.71 mmol) and then TiCl4.DME (DME: dimethoxyethane, 0.10 g, 0.36 mmol). The flask, while warmed up to the room temperature, was agitated for 3 hours and then removed of the solvent using a vacuum line. Pentane was used to extract the compound. The removal of the solvent produced 0.085 g of the final compound as a brownish powder (60% yield).
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.09 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (s, 2H), 4.55 (dt, J=14, 5.2 Hz, 1H, NCH2), 4.38 (dt, J=14, 5.2 Hz, 1H, NCH2), 2.50-2.30 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.68 (s, 3H), 1.68 (quintet, J=5.2 Hz, CH2), 0.72 (s, 3H, TiMe), 0.38 (s, 3H, TiMe) ppm.
13C{1H} NMR (C6D6): 161.46, 142.43, 140.10, 133.03, 130.41, 129.78, 127.57, 127.34, 121.37, 120.54, 120.51, 120.34, 112.52, 58.50, 53.73, 49.11, 27.59, 23.27, 13.19, 13.14 ppm.
Example ii-2
Synthesis of Transition Metal Compound E-2
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example ii-1, excepting that the compound D-2 was used rather than the compound D-1 to synthesize the transition metal compound E-2. The yield was 53%.
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.10 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.58 (dt, J=14, 5.2 Hz, 1H, NCH2), 4.42 (dt, J=14, 5.2 Hz, 1H, NCH2), 2.50-2.38 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 2.00 (s, 3H), 1.71 (s, 3H), 1.67 (quintet, J=5.2 Hz, CH2), 0.72 (s, 3H, TiMe), 0.38 (s, 3H, TiMe) ppm.
13C{1H} NMR (C6D6): 161.58, 141.36, 138.41, 137.20, 132.96, 129.70, 127.53, 127.39, 126.87, 121.48, 120.37, 120.30, 113.23, 56.50, 53.13, 49.03, 27.64, 23.34, 14.21, 13.40, 12.99, 12.94 ppm. Anal. Calc. (C22H27NSTi): C, 68.56; H, 7.06; N, 3.63. Found: C, 68.35H, 7.37 N, 3.34%.
Example ii-3
Synthesis of Transition Metal Compound E-3
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example ii-1, excepting that the compound D-3 was used rather than the compound D-1 to synthesize the transition metal compound E-3. The yield was 51%. The final product was identified as a 1:1 mixture (the direction of the thiophene cyclic radical to the direction of the methyl radical on tetrahydroquinoline).
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.11 and 7.08 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.96 and 6.95 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.82 and 6.81 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.77 and 6.76 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.74 and 6.73 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (m, 1H, NCH), 2.75-2.60 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.45-2.25 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.24 and 2.18 (s, 3H), 1.73 and 1.63 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.50 (m, 2H, CH2), 1.17 and 1.15 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 3H), 0.76 and 0.70 (s, 3H, TiMe), 0.42 and 0.32 (s, 3H, TiMe) ppm.
13C{1H} NMR (C6D6): 159.58, 159.28, 141.88, 141.00, 139.63, 138.98, 134.45, 130.85, 130.50, 129.59, 129.50, 129.47, 127.23, 127.20, 127.17, 127.11, 120.77, 120.70, 120.40, 120.00, 119.96, 119.91, 118.76, 118.57, 113.90, 110.48, 59.61, 56.42, 55.75, 51.96, 50.11, 49.98, 27.41, 27.11, 21.89, 20.09, 19.67, 12.94, 12.91, 12.65 ppm.
Example ii-4
Synthesis of Transition Metal Compound E-4
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example ii-1, excepting that the compound D-4 was used rather than the compound D-1 to synthesize the transition metal compound E-4. The yield was 57%. The final product was identified as a 1:1 mixture (the direction of the thiophene cyclic radical to the direction of the methyl radical on tetrahydroquinoline).
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.12 and 7.10 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.96 and 6.94 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.82 and 6.81 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 5.45 (m, 1H, NCH), 2.75-2.60 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.45-2.20 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.34 and 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 1.97 (s, 3H), 1.75 and 1.66 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.50 (m, 2H, CH2), 1.20 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 0.76 and 0.72 (s, 3H, TiMe), 0.44 and 0.35 (s, 3H, TiMe) ppm.
13C{1H} NMR (C6D6): 160.13, 159.86, 141.33, 140.46, 138.39, 137.67, 136.74, 134.83, 131.48, 129.90, 129.78, 127.69, 127.65, 127.60, 127.45, 126.87, 126.81, 121.34, 121.23, 120.21, 120.15, 119.15, 118.93, 114.77, 111.60, 57.54, 55.55, 55.23, 51.73, 50.43, 50.36, 27.83, 27.67, 22.37, 22.31, 20.53, 20.26, 14.29, 13.51, 13.42, 13.06, 12.80 ppm.
Example ii-5
Synthesis of Transition Metal Compound E-5
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example ii-1, excepting that the compound D-5 was used rather than the compound D-1 to synthesize the transition metal compound E-5. The yield was 57%. The final product was identified as a 1:1 mixture (the direction of the thiophene cyclic radical to the direction of the methyl radical on tetrahydroquinoline).
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.12 and 7.09 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.96 and 6.94 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.82 and 6.80 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.47 and 6.46 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.45 and 6.44 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 5.44 (m, 1H, NCH), 2.76-2.60 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.44-2.18 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.28 and 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 1.74 and 1.65 (s, 3H), 1.88-1.48 (m, 2H, CH2), 1.20 and 1.18 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 0.77 and 0.71 (s, 3H, TiMe), 0.49 and 0.40 (s, 3H, TiMe) ppm.
13C{1H} NMR (C6D6): 159.83, 159.52, 145.93, 144.90, 140.78, 139.93, 139.21, 138.86, 135.26, 131.56, 129.69, 129.57, 127.50, 127.46, 127.38, 127.24, 121.29, 121.16, 120.05, 119.96, 118.90, 118.74, 117.99, 117.74, 113.87, 110.38, 57.91, 55.31, 54.87, 51.68, 50.27, 50.12, 34.77, 27.58, 27.27, 23.10, 22.05, 20.31, 19.90, 16.66, 14.70, 13.11, 12.98, 12.68 ppm.
Example ii-6
Synthesis of Transition Metal Compound E-6
The transition metal compound E-6 was synthesized according to the following Scheme 3.




Methyl lithium (1.63 g, 3.55 mmol, 1.6 M diethyl ether solution) was added dropwise to a diethyl ether solution (10 mL) containing the compound D-4 (0.58 g, 1.79 mmol). The solution was agitated overnight at the room temperature and cooled down to −30° C. Then, Ti(NMe2)2Cl2 (0.37 g, 1.79 mmol) was added at once. After 3-hour agitation, the solution was removed of all the solvent with a vacuum pump. The solid thus obtained was dissolved in toluene (8 mL), and Me2SiCl2 (1.16 g, 8.96 mmol) was added to the solution. The solution was agitated at 80° C. for 3 days and removed of the solvent with a vacuum pump to obtain a reddish solid compound (0.59 g, 75% yield). The 1H NMR spectrum showed the existence of two stereo-structural compounds at ratio of 2:1.
1H NMR (C6D6): δ 7.10 (t, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 2H), 5.27 and 5.22 (m, 1H, NCH), 2.54-2.38 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.20-2.08 (m, 1H, CH2), 2.36 and 2.35 (s, 3H), 2.05 and 2.03 (s, 3H), 1.94 and 1.93 (s, 3H), 1.89 and 1.84 (s, 3H), 1.72-1.58 (m, 2H, CH2), 1.36-1.28 (m, 2H, CH2), 1.17 and 1.14 (d, J=6.4, 3H, CH3) ppm.
13C{1H} NMR (C6D6): 162.78, 147.91, 142.45, 142.03, 136.91, 131.12, 130.70, 130.10, 128.90, 127.17, 123.39, 121.33, 119.87, 54.18, 26.48, 21.74, 17.28, 14.46, 14.28, 13.80, 13.27 ppm.
(iii) Preparation of Olefin-Diene Copolymer
The individual polymerization reaction was carried out in an airtight autoclave using required amounts of a solvent, a co-catalyst compound, and monomers, and then a transition metal compound.
After completion of the polymerization, the polymer product was measured in regard to the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution by the GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) (instrument: PL-GPC220 supplied by Agilent), and the melting point by the DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) (instrument: Q200 supplied by TA Instruments).
The monomer content in the polymer was analyzed through FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer) (instrument: MAGNA-IR550 Spectrometer supplied by Nicolet) and 13C NMR (instrument: Avance 400 Spectrometer supplied by Bruker).
The measurement results are presented in Table 1.
Example iii-1
An autoclave (capacity: 2 L, stainless steel) was purged with nitrogen at the room temperature and filled with 950 ml of toluene. Then, about 10 ml of methylaluminoxane (a solution containing 10 wt. % of methylaluminoxane in toluene, 15 mmol of Al, as supplied by Albemarle) and 50 ml of 1,7-octadiene co-monomer were added in sequence. Subsequently, a solution (2 ml, 7.5 μmol) of the transition metal compound E-6 of Example 11-6 dissolved in toluene was added to the autoclave.
The autoclave was warmed up to 70° C., provided with ethylene gas and maintained at the total pressure of 7.2 bar to allow a polymerization reaction for 30 minutes.
After completion of the polymerization reaction, the resultant solution was cooled down to the room temperature and removed of the extra ethylene gas. Subsequently, the copolymer powder dispersed in the solvent was filtered out and dried out in a vacuum oven at 80° C. for at least 15 hours to yield an ethylene-1,7-octadiene copolymer (28.7 g).
Example iii-2
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example iii-1, excepting that 100 g of propylene were used rather than ethylene as an olefin-based monomer, to yield a propylene-1,7-octadiene copolymer (19.4 g).
Example iii-3
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example iii-1, excepting that 50 g of ethylene and 50 g of propylene were used as olefin-based monomers, to yield an ethylene-propylene-1,7-octadiene copolymer (15.9 g).
Example iii-4
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example iii-1, excepting that 50 g of ethylene and 50 g of propylene were used as olefin-based monomers, with dicyclopentdiene being used rather than 1,7-octadiene, to yield an ethylene-propylene-dicyclopentadiene copolymer (54.3 g).
Example iii-5
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example iii-1, excepting that 50 g of ethylene and 50 g of propylene were used as olefin-based monomers, with 5-vinyl-2-norbornene being used rather than 1,7-octadiene, to yield an ethylene-propylene-5-vinyl-2-norbornene copolymer (10.0 g).
Example iii-6
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example iii-1, excepting that 20 g of ethylene, 20 g of propylene, and 5-vinyl-2-norbornene rather than 1,7-octadiene were used at a polymerization temperature of 180° C., to yield an ethylene-propylene-5-vinyl-2-norbornene copolymer (6.0 g).
Comparative Example iii-1
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example iii-1, excepting that bisindenylzirconium dichloride (Ind2ZrCl2, supplied by Strem) was used rather than the transition metal compound E-6, to yield an ethylene-1,7-octadiene copolymer (23.0 g).
Comparative Example iii-2
The procedures were performed in the same manner as described in Example iii-5, excepting that bisindenylzirconium dichloride (Ind2ZrCl2, supplied by Strem) was used rather than the transition metal compound E-6 to yield an ethylene-propylene-5-vinyl-2-norbornene copolymer (7.0 g).










TABLE 1










Comparative



Example
Example
















iii-1
iii-2
iii-3
iii-4
iii-5
iii-6
iii-1
iii-2



















Catalytic activity
7.6
5.2
4.3
10.9
2.7
2.5
6.1
1.9


(kg-PE)/


(mmol-Metal) (hour)


Mw (×103)
90
403
292
391
220
185
50
132


Molecular weight
1.93
5.30
5.42
3.09
3.55
2.97
2.69
3.98


distribution (Mw/Mn)


Melting point (° C.)
79.2
N.D.
20.7
87.9
35.2
61.0
112.3
63.9


Glass transition
−22.4
−2.6
−53.0
−26.4
−35.4
−20.3
−18.2
−12.0


temperature (° C.)


Density (g/ml)
0.876
0.874
0.879
0.880
0.860
0.863
0.882
0.875
















Content
C2
74.4
0
60.5
67.3
75
78
87.2
80


(wt %)
C3
0
87.4
31.5
22.7
18
19
0
19



C4
25.6
12.6
8.0
10.0
7
3
12.8
1





(Note: N.D.—No melting point due to the characteristic property of the polymer)






As can be seen from Table 1, it was possible to prepare an olefin-diene copolymer with higher content of the co-monomer and higher molecular weight by using the catalyst of the present invention as in Examples iii-1 to iii-6 rather than using the conventional transition metal compound as in Comparative Example iii-1 and iii-2.

## Claims

1. A method for preparing an olefin-diene copolymer, comprising:
polymerizing at least one olefin-based monomer and at least one diene-based monomer in the presence of a catalyst comprising a transition metal compound represented by the following formula 1:




wherein M is a Group 4 transition metal;
Q1 and Q2 are independently a halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C6-C20 aryl, C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl, C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylamido, C6-C20 arylamido, or C1-C20 alkylidene;
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10 are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; or C1-C2 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group, wherein R1 and R2 can be linked to each other to form a ring; R3 and R4 can be linked to each other to form a ring; and at least two of R5 to R10 can be linked to each other to form a ring; and
R11, R12, and R13 are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkoxy; or C6-C20 aryloxy, wherein R11 and R12, or R12 and R13 can be linked to each other to form a ring.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein M is titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), or hafnium (Hf);
Q1 and Q2 are independently methyl or chlorine;
R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently hydrogen or methyl; and
R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R13 are independently hydrogen.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein at least one of R3 and R4 is methyl; and R5 is methyl.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catalyst further comprises at least one co-catalyst compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formula 6, 7, or 8:


—[Al(R61)—O]a—  [Formula 6]

wherein R61 is independently a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, or a halogen-substituted C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical; and
a is an integer of 2 or above,


D(R71)3  [Formula 7]


wherein D is aluminum (Al) or boron (B); and R71 is independently a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, or a halogen-substituted C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical,


[L-H]+[Z(A)4] or [L]+[Z(A)4]−  [Formula 8]


wherein L is a neutral or cationic Lewis acid;
Z is a Group 13 element; and
A is independently a C6-C20 aryl or C1-C20 alkyl radical having at least one hydrogen atom substituted with a halogen radical, a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical, a C1-C20 alkoxy radical, or a C6-C20 aryloxy radical.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the formula 6, R61 is methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, or isobutyl;
in the formula 7, D is aluminum, and R71 is methyl or isobutyl; or D is boron, and R71 is pentafluorophenyl; and
in the formula 8, [L-H]+ is a dimethylanilinium cation, [Z(A)4]− is [B(C6F5)4]−, and [L]+ is [(C6H5)3C]+.

6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the content of the co-catalyst compound is given such that the molar ratio of a metal in the co-catalyst compound with respect to one mole of a transition metal in the transition metal compound of the formula 1 is 1:1 to 1:100,000.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises the transition metal compound of the formula 1, wherein the transition metal compound is bound to at least one support selected from the group consisting of SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, MgCl2, CaCl2, ZrO2, TiO2, B2O3, CaO, ZnO, BaO, ThO2, SiO2—Al2O3, SiO2—MgO, SiO2—TiO2, SiO2—V2O5, SiO2—CrO2O3, SiO2—TiO2—MgO, bauxite, zeolite, starch, and cyclodextrine.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the olefin-based monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of C2-C20 α-olefin, C3-C20 cyclo-olefin, and C3-C20 cyclo-diolefin.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diene-based monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of C4-C20 conjugated diene, C5-C20 aliphatic non-conjugated diene, C5-C20 cyclic non-conjugated diene, and C6-C20 aromatic non-conjugated diene.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polymerization step is carried out at a temperature of −50 to 500° C. and a pressure of 1 to 3,000 atm.

11. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content ratio of the diene-based monomer to the olefin-based monomer polymerized into the olefin-diene copolymer is 1:0.1 to 1:10.

12. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the olefin-diene copolymer has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000 to 1,000,000; a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of 1 to 10; and a density of 0.850 to 0.920 g/ml.