United States Department of Agriculture

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE – ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE – VETERINARY SERVICES

CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH – SURVEILLANCE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS (SDA)

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA’S STATUS OF OIE

REPORTABLE DISEASES: 2018

The following tables show the United States' status for animal diseases that are reported to the World Organization 

for Animal Health (OIE) if they are confirmed to be present in specific livestock, poultry, and aquaculture species. 

This information is reported to OIE every six months and is also presented on the international OIE website.

Terrestrial Animal Diseases

Diseases Associated with Multiple Species

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Anthrax Present Sporadic / limited distribution

Aujeszky’s disease (pseudorabies) Present Sporadic / limited distribution in feral and/or noncommercial production swine. Non-commercial swine: 

swine managed under biosecurity conditions that 

allow for potential exposure to feral swine that may be 

infected with swine diseases, such as pseudorabies. 

National eradication program. No commercial 

production swine herd detections in 2018

Bluetongue Present Sporadic 

Brucellosis (Brucella abortus) Present Sporadic / limited distribution. Disease is limited to 

free-ranging bison (Bison bison) and wapiti (Cervus 

canadensis) in the Greater Yellowstone National Park 

area/national eradication program

Brucellosis (Brucella melitensis) Free 1999

Brucellosis (Brucella suis) Present Sporadic / limited distribution in feral and/or noncommercial production swine. Non-commercial swine: 

swine managed under biosecurity conditions that 

allow for potential exposure to feral swine that may be 

infected with swine diseases, such as brucellosis (B. 

suis). B. suis, biovar 4 is endemic in wild caribou 

(Rangifer tarandus) herds in Alaska, and biovar 1 is 

endemic in feral swine in several States. National 

eradication program. No commercial production swine 

herd detections in 2018.

Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever Free Never occurred

Echinococcosis/hydatidosis 

(Echinococcosis granulosus, E. 

multilocularis)

Present? Suspected. 

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease 

(EHD)

Present Sporadic 

Equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern) Present Sporadic / limited distribution 

Foot-and-mouth disease Free 1929
 United States Department of Agriculture

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE – ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE – VETERINARY SERVICES

CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH – SURVEILLANCE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS (SDA)

Heartwater Free Never occurred

Japanese encephalitis Free Never occurred

New world screwworm Free One event in 2017 limited to the Florida Keys –

infestation in Key deer. There was no NWS myiasis in 

any production livestock. Eradicated in 3/2017 using 

sterile flies.

Old world screwworm Free Never occurred

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) Present Voluntary control program

Q fever Present Sporadic

Rabies Present

Rift Valley fever Free Never occurred

Rinderpest Free Never occurred

Surra (Trypanosoma evansi) Free Never occurred

Trichinellosis Present? Sporadic occurrence in backyard raised swine and wild 

species. No commercial production swine herd 

detections in 2018.

Tularemia Present (wild) Sporadic in wild populations. Last domestic detection 

was in 2009. 

West Nile fever/encephalitis Present

Avian Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Avian chlamydiosis Present Identified sporadically in wild birds, pet birds, and 

backyard birds only. No commercial production flock 

detections in 2018.

Avian infectious bronchitis Present

Avian infectious laryngotracheitis Present Sporadically detected in poultry. Detections are 

primarily vaccine related. 

Avian mycoplasmosis (M. 

gallisepticum)

Present Sporadic occurrence. All commercial poultry breeding 

flocks are under a surveillance program to confirm 

infection-free status. Commercial table-egg layers may 

be vaccinated. The “finch strain” of MG occurs in wild 

passerine birds, primarily house finches (Carpodacus 

mexicanus), in which it causes conjunctivitis. This 

strain has been shown experimentally to be 

nonpathogenic in chickens. 

Avian mycoplasmosis (M. synoviae) Present Sporadic occurrence. All commercial poultry breeding 

flocks are under a surveillance program to confirm 

infection-free status. 

Duck viral hepatitis Free 1998

Fowl typhoid (Salmonella 

gallinarum)

Free 1981

Highly pathogenic avian influenza Present Two events reported to the OIE in 2017. 1) H7N9 in 

commercial chicken broiler-breeder flock, closed 

8/2017. 2) identification of H5N2 in a wild mallard 

duck, closed 3/2017.
 United States Department of Agriculture

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE – ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE – VETERINARY SERVICES

CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH – SURVEILLANCE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS (SDA)

Low pathogenic avian influenza 

(poultry) Notifiable H5 and H7

(H7N1, H7N3, H5N2)

Present Identified sporadically in backyard poultry and in livebird-markets that serve local ethnic communities. Low 

pathogenicity H5 was detected in a live-bird market 

and low pathogenicity H5N2 was detected in backyard 

poultry. No commercial production flock infection was 

detected from 7/2017-12/2017

Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro 

disease)

Present Sporadic

Newcastle disease (Neurotropic 

and viscerotropic strains)

Present (wild) Sporadic detections in wild birds. Domestic poultry are 

considered free – last detection was in 2003.

Pullorum disease (Salmonella 

pullorum)

Present Identified sporadically in backyard poultry. No 

commercial production flock detections since 1991, 

considered absent in them.

Turkey rhinotracheitis Present Type C is detected in poultry sporadically and with 

limited distribution. 

Bee Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Acarapisosis of honey bees 

(Acarapis woodi)

Present Sporadic / limited distribution

American foulbrood of honey bees 

(Paenibacillus larvae)

Present

European foulbrood of honey bees 

(Melissococcus plutonius)

Present

Small hive beetle infestation 

(Aethina tumida)

Present

Tropilaelaps infestation of honey 

bees (Tropilaelaps spp.)

Free Never occurred

Varroosis of honey bees (Varroa 

spp.)

Present

Cattle Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Bovine anaplasmosis Present

Bovine babesiosis Free Last occurrence on the U.S. mainland was in 1943. 

Endemic in territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. 

Virgin Islands

Bovine genital campylobacteriosis Present Sporadic

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy OIE-Negligible 

Risk status

One detection of atypical BSE reported to the OIE in 

2018. Atypical BSE is an uncommon form of the agent 

not generally associated with an animal consuming 

infected feed.

Bovine tuberculosis Present Sporadic / limited distribution. National eradication 

program.

Bovine viral diarrhea Present

Contagious bovine 

pleuropneumonia (Mycoplasma 

mycoides subsp. mycoides SC)

Free 1892

Enzootic bovine leukosis Present
 United States Department of Agriculture

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE – ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE – VETERINARY SERVICES

CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH – SURVEILLANCE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS (SDA)

Haemorrhagic septicaemia 

(Pasteurella multocida, serotypes 

B/Asian or E/African)

Absent 1969 

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/ 

infectious pustular vulvovaginitis

Present

Lumpy skin disease Free Never occurred

Theileriosis Free Never occurred

Trichomonosis Present

Trypanosomosis (tsetsetransmitted)Free Never occurred

Equine Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

African horse sickness Free Never occurred

Contagious equine metritis Free 2014

Dourine Free 1934

Equine encephalomyelitis

(Western)

Present? No equine detections reported the last 20 years

Equine infectious anemia Present Sporadic / limited distribution. National control 

program

Equine influenza Present Sporadic

Equine piroplasmosis Present Sporadic / limited distribution. 

Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) Present

Equine viral arteritis Present Sporadic

Glanders Free 1942

Venezuelan equine 

encephalomyelitis

Free 1971

Lagomorph Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Myxomatosis Present Sporadic / limited distribution in wild rabbits

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease Present RHDV, RHDV2. Outbreaks of RHDV2 have occurred 

since late 2018 in wild and domestic rabbits

Sheep and Goat Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Caprine arthritis/encephalitis Present

Contagious agalactia Present? Sporadic / limited distribution 

Contagious caprine 

pleuropneumonia

Free Never occurred

Enzootic abortion of ewes (ovine 

chlamydiosis, Chlamydophila 

abortus)

Present Sporadic

Maedi-visna Present Sporadic

Nairobi sheep diseases Free Never occurred

Ovine epididymitis (Brucella ovis) Present Sporadic
 United States Department of Agriculture

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE – ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE – VETERINARY SERVICES

CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH – SURVEILLANCE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS (SDA)

Peste des petits ruminants Free Never occurred

Salmonellosis (S. abortus ovis) Present Sporadic / limited distribution

Scrapie Present Sporadic occurrence. National eradication program.

Sheep pox and goat pox Free Never occurred

Swine Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

African swine fever Free Never occurred

Classical swine fever (hog cholera) Free 1976

Nipah virus encephalitis Free Never occurred

Porcine cysticercosis Free 2004

Porcine reproductive and 

respiratory syndrome

Present

Transmissible gastroenteritis Present

Other Listed Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Leishmaniosis Present Sporadic occurrence in canines

Camelpox Free Never occurred

Aquatic Animal Diseases

Amphibian Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Infection with Batrachochytrium 

dendrobatidis

Present 

Infection with ranavirus Present (wild)

Aquaculture Diseases – Crustaceans

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis 

disease

Present One event reported to the OIE in 2017, resolved 

12/2017

Crayfish plague (Aphanomyces 

astaci)

Absent

Infectious hypodermal and 

haematopoietic necrosis

Absent

Infectious myonecrosis Free Never occurred

Necrotising hepatopancreatitis Free

Taura syndrome Free 4/2007 – Domestic

White spot disease Present? (wild) Suspected but not confirmed in wild populations in 

limited geographical regions/zones. Domestic 

populations considered free, last detection was in 

2012.

White tail disease Free Never occurred

Yellowhead disease Free Never occurred
 United States Department of Agriculture

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE – ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE – VETERINARY SERVICES

CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH – SURVEILLANCE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS (SDA)

Aquaculture Diseases - Fish

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Epizootic hematopoietic necrosis 

(EHN)

Free Never occurred

Infection with Aphanomyces 

invadans (Epizootic ulcerative 

syndrome, EUS)

Present (wild) Sporadic occurrence / limited distribution in wild 

populations. Absent in domestic populations, last 

detection was in 2004. 

Gyrodactylosis (Gyrodactylus 

salaries)

Free Never occurred

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis 

(IHN)

Present (wild) Sporadic occurrence / limited distribution in wild 

populations. Free in domestic populations, last 

detection was 2015.

Infectious salmon anemia, ISA 

(HPR-deleted or HPR0)

Absent HPRdeletedWild:ISAV HPR0 suspected

ISAV HPR0 detected through routine surveillance in 

healthy fish, no detections of ISAV HPR-deleted.

Koi herpesvirus disease (KHV) Present

Red sea bream iridoviral disease Free Never occurred

Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) Free Never occurred

Spring viremia of carp (SVC) Present? (Wild) Suspected but not confirmed in wild populations in 

limited geographical regions/zones. Absent in 

domestic populations, last detection was in 2004. 

Viral hemorrhagic septicaemia 

(VHS)

Present (Wild) Sporadic / limited distribution in wild populations. 

Absent in domestic populations, last detection was in 

2007. 

Aquaculture Diseases – Molluscs

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Infection with abalone herpes virus Free Never occurred

Infection with Bonamia exitiosa Present? Identified sporadically in farmed molluscs exposed to 

open water. There have been no detections in farmed 

molluscs maintained in closed systems.

Infection with Bonamia ostreae Present? (wild) Suspected but not confirmed in wild populations in 

limited geographical regions/zones. Free in domestic 

populations, last detection was in 2006.

Infection with Marteilia refringens Free Never occurred

Infection with Perkinsus marinus Present Sporadic / limited distribution

Infection with Perkinsus olseni Free Never occurred 

Infection with Xenohaliotis 

californiensis

Present Sporadic/ limited distribution

Status of Animal Diseases in the United States of America

Present = occurrence of the disease reported

Free = no occurrence in the U.S. of the OIE-listed disease

Present? = occurrence suspected but not confirmed

Absent = disease absent during the reporting period/no detections reported
 United States Department of Agriculture

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE – ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE – VETERINARY SERVICES

CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH – SURVEILLANCE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS (SDA)

Sporadic = occurring only occasionally

Limited distribution = limited geographic distribution