EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 

Petition for Exemption 3 

COMPANY CONTACT INFORMATION 3 

STATUTORY AUTHORITY FOR EXEMPTIONS 3 

EXEMPTIONS REQUESTED 4 

RELIEF SOUGHT 9 

EQUIPMENT AND SPECIFICATIONS 9 

PUBLIC BENEFIT 9 

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS 12 

SUMMARY FOR FEDERAL REGISTER 12 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 13

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SKYCROPPER LLC
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (the “Reform Act") and 14 C.F.R Part 

11, SkyCropper LLC (SkyCropper) seeks an exemption from Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs”) detailed below 

for the Solo Unmanned Aircraft System manufactured by 3DRobotics (the “3DR Solo”). 

The requested exemption would support an application for a commercial Certificate of Authorization to use the 

system to support agriculture in the ways outlined in the petition. The 3DR Solo system consists of a lightweight 

(3.9 lbs.) battery operated aircraft, a PC-based ground control station, and associated communications 

equipment. The aircraft carries onboard geo-referenced still and video cameras that allow it to conduct precision 

photogrammetry and crop scouting at the resolutions necessary for precision agriculture. This high resolution 

imagery can direct variable seeding rates as well as the precise application of fertilizer and chemicals reducing their 

use. It will also help ranchers manage the status of their cattle and other livestock through use of RFID monitoring. 

This data helps farmers to identify and eliminate potential yield limiters while reducing their costs. By approving 

these exemptions, the FAA will create a benefit to agriculture and ultimately the farmers' ability to continue to feed 

a growing global population. 

The aircraft will be operated in the field with both a Pilot in Command (PIC) and a ground based Visual Observer 

(VO) in accordance with FAA Policy N 8900.227 Section 14 “Operational Requirements for UAS" with the 

following restrictions: 

• All operations will occur in Class G airspace at no more than 400' AGL 

• Operations will be operated over private property with the permission of the land owner 

• All required permits will be obtained from state and local government prior to operation

• The aircraft WILL NOT be operated over urban or populated areas 

• The aircraft WILL NOT be operated at air shows or over and open-air assembly of humans

• The aircraft WILL NOT be operated over heavily traveled roads 

• The aircraft WILL NOT be operated within 5NM of an airport or heliport

• Operations will be limited to daytime hours in visual meteorological conditions

• Aircraft will remain within visual line of sight at no greater than 1/2 NM of the PIC

• While the aircraft is airborne, the VO will be positioned within voice distance of the PIC

The PIC and VO will meet the requirements outlined in FAA Policy N 8900.227 Section 16 Personnel Qualifications. 

Additionally, the Chief Aviation Officer will be acting as PIC of this aircraft and possesses in good standing an FAA 

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issued Pilot Certificate (cert # 2875639). All flights conducted pursuant to this exemption shall be conducted under 

the supervision and direction of the Chief Pilot. 

PETITION FOR EXEMPTION

Company Contact Information

SkyCropper LLC is a Texas-based company engaged in developing and deploying UAS systems in support of 

precision agriculture activities and in training users to operate the USA in a safe manner consistent with regulations 

and standards of safety. 

Contact information for the applicant is: 

SkyCropper LLC 

600 E. Sonterra Blvd, #145 

San Antonio, TX 78258 

PH: 512-940-9330 

Chief Executive Officer: Trey Gramann: tgramann@skycropper.com

Chief Aviation Officer: Jacob A. Pugh: jpugh@skycropper.com

Statutory Authority For Exemptions 

The Federal Aviation Act expressly grants the FAA authority to issue exemptions. This statutory authority includes 

exempting civil aircraft, as the term is defined under 40101 of the Act, including sUASs, from the requirement that 

all civil aircraft must have a current airworthiness certificate. 

The Administrator may grant an exemption from a requirement of a regulation prescribed under subsection (a) or 

(b) of this section or any sections 44702-44716 of this title if the Administrator finds the exemption ion the public 

interest. 49 U.S.C. 44701(f) See also 49 USC 44711(a); 49 USC 44704; 14 CFR 91.203(a)(1). 

Section 333(b) of the Reform Act assists the Secretary in determining whether sUASs may operate in the National 

Airspace System (NAS) without creating a hazard to the user, the public, or a threat to national security. In making 

this determination, the Secretary must consider: 

• The sUAS’s size, weight, speed, and operational capability; 

• Whether the sUAS operates within the visual line of sight of the operator 

• Whether the sUAS operated outside of highly populated areas and away from close proximity to airports. 

Reform Act 333(a). If the Secretary determines that a sUAS “may operate safely in the national airspace system, 

the Secretary shall establish requirements for the safe operation of such aircraft in the national airspace system.” 

Id. 333(c). 

SkyCropper’s sUASs are multi-rotator vehicles, weighing 55 or fewer lbs. including payload. They operate under 

normal conditions at a speed of no more than 50 knots and have the capability to hover, and move in the vertical 

and horizontal plane simultaneously. The sUASs will operate only in the pilot’s visual line of sight at all times. Such 

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operations will insure that the sUASs will “not create a hazard to users of the national airspace system or the 

public.“ Reform Act Section 333 (b). 

Given the small size of the sUASs involved and the restricted environment within which they will operate, our 

application falls squarely within the zone of safety (an equivalent level of safety) in which Congress envisioned that 

the FAA must, by exemption, allow commercial operations of sUASs to commence immediately. 

Also due to the small size of the sUASs and the low altitudes and restricted areas in which our sUASs will operate, 

approval of the application presents no national security issue. 

Given the clear direction in Section 333 of the Reform Act, the authority contained in the Federal Aviation Act, as 

amended; the strong equivalent level of safety surrounding the proposed 

operations, and the significant public benefit, including enhanced safety, the grant of the requested exemptions is 

in the public interest. Accordingly, SkyCropper respectfully requests that the FAA grant the requested exemption 

without delay. 

Exemptions Requested 

Regulations from which the exemption is requested: 

14 C.F.R. Part 21 

14 C.F.R. 45.23(b) 

14 C.F.R. 61.113 (a) & (b) 14 C.F.R. 91.7 (a) 

14 C.F.R. 91.9 (b) (2) 

14 C.F.R 91.103 

14 C.F.R. 91.109 

14 C.F.R. 91.119 

14 C.F.R. 91.121 

14 C.F.R. 91.151 (a) 14 C.F.R. 203 (a) & (b) 

14 C.F.R. 91.405 (a) 

14 C.F.R. 407 (a) (1) 

14 C.F.R. 409 (a) (2) 

14 C.F.R. 417 (a) & (b) 

14 CFR Part 21, Subpart H: Airworthiness Certificates 

This part establishes the procedures for the issuance of an airworthiness certificate. While the FAA continues to 

work to develop airworthiness standards for UAS, we request an experimental certificate be issued for the 3DR 

Solo under either or both of the following provisions: 

21.191 Experimental certificates. 

Experimental certificates are issued for the following purposes: 

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(a) Research and development. Testing new aircraft design concepts, new aircraft equipment, new 

aircraft installations, new aircraft operating techniques, or new uses for aircraft. 

(b) Showing compliance with regulations. Conducting flight tests and other operations to show 

compliance with the airworthiness regulations including flights to show compliance for issuance of type and 

supplemental type certificates, flights to substantiate major design changes, and flights to show compliance 

with the function and reliability requirements of the regulations. 

Since the experimental certificate can be used for commercial purposes such as market surveys, sales 

demonstrations, and customer crew training, we would expect that an experimental certificate would permit our 

commercial purpose as well. 

The aircraft will not carry persons or property, will not carry fuel, and will only fly under strict operational 

requirements. Combined with the fact that the aircraft weighs only 3.9 pounds, we propose that the 3DR Solo will 

be at least as safe, if not safer, than a conventionally certificated aircraft performing the same mission. 

If an experimental airworthiness certificate is not appropriate for this application, then we request an exemption of 

14 CFR Part 21, Subpart H, and the requirement for an airworthiness certificate in general, citing the equivalent 

level of safety outlined in the previous paragraph.

14 CFR 91.203(a) & (b) Civil aircraft: Certifications required. 

The regulation provides that an airworthiness certificate, with the registration number assigned to the aircraft and a 

registration certificate must be aboard the aircraft. Additionally, subparagraph (b) provides that the airworthiness 

certificate be "displayed at the cabin or cockpit entrance so that it is legible to passengers or crew." At 3.9 lbs, the 

3DR Solo is too small to carry documentation, does not have an entrance, and is not capable of carrying 

passengers or crew. 

To obtain an equivalent level of safety and meet the intent of 91.203, we propose that documents deemed 

appropriate for this aircraft by the FAA will be co-located with the crew at the ground control station and available 

for inspection upon request.

14 CFR 45.23 Display of marks; general and 45.29 Size of marks. 

These regulations provide that each aircraft must display "N" and the aircraft's registration number in letters at 

least 3 inches high. Additionally, the aircraft must display the word "EXPERIMENTAL" in letters at least 2 inches 

high near the entrance to the cabin, cockpit, or pilot station. The 3.9 pound 3DR Solo does not have an entrance 

in which the word "EXPERIMENTAL" can be placed, and may not have a registration number assigned to it by the 

FAA. 

We propose to achieve an equivalent level of safety by including the word "EXPERIMENTAL" on the top of the 

aircraft, where the PIC, VO and others in the vicinity of the aircraft while it is preparing for launch will be able to see 

the designation. Additionally, we feel that the permanent placard discussed in the previous paragraph will provide 

the aircraft's registration information should it be found on the ground. Finally, we will display at the ground station 

a high contrast flag or banner that contains the words "Unmanned Aircraft Ground Station" in letters 3 inches high 

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or greater. Since the aircraft will operate within 1/2 NM of the ground station, the banner should be visible to 

anyone that observes the aircraft and chooses to investigate it's point of origin.

14 CFR 91.9 Civil aircraft flight manual, marking, and placard requirements. 

This regulation provides that no person may operate an aircraft unless a current, approved flight manual is in the 

aircraft. We assume that the intent of this requirement is to ensure that flight manual information is available to the 

aircrew while operating the aircraft. We request an exemption to this requirement since the aircraft is not only too 

small to carry documentation, the documentation would not be available to the crew.

14 CFR 61.113 Private pilot privileges and limitations: Pilot in Command and 61.133 Commercial pilot 

privileges and limitations. 

The regulation provides that no person that holds a private pilot certificate may act as pilot in command of an 

aircraft for compensation or hire. Subparagraph (b) allows a private pilot to act as pilot in command of an aircraft in 

connection with any business or employment if: (1) The flight is only incidental to that business or employment; 

and (2) The aircraft does not carry passengers or property for compensation or hire. 

Our proposed operations meet the requirements of 8900.227 para 16(c)(2)(c) "Operations without a pilot 

certificate" in which the PIC is required to complete "FAA private pilot ground instruction" and pass "the FAA 

Private Pilot written examination." Since there are currently no means available for the pilot of a UAS to gain the 

experience in an equivalent category and class in order to apply for a commercial pilot's license, we propose to 

generate an equivalent level of safety by requiring our pilots to complete, at a minimum, FAA commercial pilot 

ground instruction and pass the FAA Commercial Pilot written examination in addition to completing the private 

pilot requirements. Since the aircraft cannot carry passengers or property, we feel we meet the intent of 61.113 

Subparagraph (b) even though the intent of this application is to conduct a business.

14 CFR 91.109 Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests 

The regulation provides that "No person may operate a civil aircraft that is being used for flight instruction unless 

that aircraft has fully functioning dual controls." The 3DR Solo ground control station is based on a small hand-held 

computer and while it does not offer a second set of "controls", both the student and instructor can, and will, 

operate the single set of controls simultaneously. With both student and instructor having "hands-on" the controls 

during flight, we feel that this technique meets the intent 91.109 and provides an equivalent level of safety.

14 CFR 91.119 Minimum safe altitudes: General. 

The regulation provides that over sparsely populated areas the aircraft cannot be operated closer than 500 feet to 

any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure. Since the aircraft will be operating at a maximum of 400 feet AGL, we 

cannot comply with this requirement. 

To provide an equivalent level of safety we will only fly over private property with the permission of the land owner. 

The land owner will be briefed of the expected route of flight and the associated risks to persons and property on 

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the ground. We maintain that due to the small size of the 3DR Solo, the hazard to persons, vessels, vehicles, and 

structures is not comparable to manned aircraft and should be considered in granting the exemption. 

The aircraft will not be operated over congested areas nor over any open air assembly of persons. The aircraft will 

be operated at an altitude allowing, if a power unit fails, an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or 

property on the surface.

14 CFR 91.121 Altimeter settings. 

The regulation provides that aircraft shall maintain cruising altitudes by reference to an altimeter setting available 

within 100 nautical miles of the aircraft. The aircraft will fly below 400 feet AGL and will not need to maintain 

hemispherical cruising altitudes in order to de-conflict with other aircraft. As such, an appropriate altimeter 

measurement presented to the pilot should be Above Ground Level and should be based on the barometric 

pressure at the point of launch. To provide an equivalent level of safety, the UAS's AGL altimeter will be set to zero 

on the ground prior to every flight. Since the aircraft will fly no more than 30 minutes, even rapid changes in 

barometric pressure will have limited affect on the safety of the flight. 

14 CFR 91.151 Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions. 

The regulation provides that no person may begin a flight in an airplane under day-VFR conditions unless there is 

enough fuel to fly to the first point of intended landing and to fly after that for at least 30 minutes. We feel the 

intention of this paragraph is to provide a reserve of energy as a safety buffer for go-arounds and other delays to 

landing. 

The 3DR Solo is battery operated and the maximum duration of flight from a single battery charge is 30 minutes. 

Since the aircraft will never fly more than 1/2 nm from the point of intended landing, a full battery charge at launch 

will ensure that we meet the reserve energy requirement of this paragraph. We request an exemption to the word 

"fuel" and ask for an equivalent interpretation with the word “energy”.

14 CFR Subpart E (91.401 - 91.417) - Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations 

The regulation provides that the operator is primarily responsible for maintaining the aircraft in an airworthy 

condition, including compliance with part 39 and 43. Paragraphs 91.407 and 91.409 require that the aircraft be 

"approved for return to service by a person authorized under 43.7" after maintenance and inspection. It is our 

intention that the PIC perform maintenance and inspection of the aircraft and "be authorized to approve the aircraft 

for return to service." 

As provided in the attached Maintenance Procedures, the PIC will ensure that the aircraft is in an airworthy 

condition prior to flight and conduct detailed inspections after every 10 hours. Maintenance performed by the PIC 

is limited to repairing small cracks, replacing a propeller, and updating software and firmware. All other 

maintenance will be performed by the manufacturer. The PIC will document work performed in accordance with 

91.417. We feel that due to the size, construction, and simplicity of the aircraft, the PIC can ensure an equivalent 

level of safety.

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14 CFR § 91.103: Preflight Action 

Each pilot in command shall, before beginning a flight, become familiar with all available information concerning 

that flight. 

(a) Flight under IFR or a flight not in the vicinity of an airport, weather reports and forecasts, fuel requirements, 

alternatives available if the planned flight cannot be completed, and any known traffic delays of which the pilot in 

command has been advised by ATC; 

(b) For any flight, runway lengths at airports of intended use, and the following takeoff and landing distance 

information: 

(1) For civil aircraft for which an approved Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual containing takeoff and landing 

distance data is required, the takeoff and landing distance data contained therein; and 

(2) For civil aircraft other than those specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, other reliable information 

appropriate to the aircraft, relating to aircraft performance under expected values of airport elevation and runway 

slope, aircraft gross weight, and wind and temperature. 

SkyCropper will not operate sUAS’s under IFR conditions or when the ceilings are below 1000 feet and the visibility 

is below 3 statute miles. 3DR’s sUAS’s do not have published approved Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual 

containing takeoff and landing distance data. 

Located in SkyCropper Operations Manual are procedures describing steps the PIC along with the person having 

operational control must follow to assure that the weather will be adequate to complete the mission in VFR 

condition.

14 CFR § 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(2); 91.417(a) and (b): Maintenance Inspections 

These regulations specify maintenance and inspection standards in reference to 14 CFR Part 43. 14 CFR 

91.405(a) (stating that each owner or operator of an aircraft "shall have the aircraft inspected as prescribed in 

subpart E of this part and shall between required inspections ...have discrepancies repaired as prescribed in part 

43 of this chapter"). An exemption to these regulations is needed because Part 43 and these sections only apply 

to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, which the sUAS will not have. 

Equivalent Level of Safety 

An equivalent level of safety will be achieved because maintenance and inspections will be performed in 

accordance with the SkyCropper Operations Manual and 3DR User’s Manuals. As provided in the Operations 

Manual, the operator will ensure that the sUAS is in working order prior to initiating flight, perform required 

maintenance, and keep a log of any maintenance performed. The operator is the person most familiar with the 

aircraft and best suited to maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition to provide the equivalent level of safety. 

If mechanical issues arise, the sUAS's size and carrying capacity, and the fact that flight operations will only take 

place in restricted areas for limited periods of time during daylight hours, creates less risk than that associated with 

conventional rotorcraft performing the same operation. 

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Relief Sought

To permit commercial operation of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUASs) for operations conducted within and 

under the conditions outlined herein or as may be established by the FAA as required by Section 333. 

Said exemption would permit the operation of sUASs under controlled conditions in limited, predetermined and 

controlled airspace. Upon granting of this proposed exemption request, PAL would conduct commercial 

operations of sUASs meeting or exceeding all operational and safety requirements per Section 333.

Equipment and Specifications 

3DR SOLO KIT ~ 3DR solo, 3DR Solo Gimbal, 3DR Solo Controller, 3DR Solo Propeller Set – Black, 3DR Solo 

Battery Charger, 3DR Solo Controller Charger 

Specifications: 

Up to 26 minutes of flight time (20 with camera and Solo Gimbal), 

HD video streaming to mobile 

Top speed: 55 mph 

Max Altitude: 400ft, per FAA rules 

Weight: 3.6 lbs; 3.9 lb with Solo Gimbal and GoPro 

Wifi range: up to a half a mile, depending on environment 

Controller with color screen and live flight data 

Pixhawk 2 flight controller software 

Customizable color LEDs for orientation 

Solo Battery: 14.8 V LiPo (5200mAh) 

Rechargeable controller batter: 2600 mAh/7.2 Vdc; lasts 4 hours (extendable battery available) 10x4.5 self 

tightening props 

880 kV motors 

Plug and play with 3-axis Solo Gimbal from 3DR

SEE ATTACHED PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION FOR FULL SPECIFICATIONS AND PROCEDURES

Public Benefit

SkyCropper proposes to utilize sUASs in support of agriculture activities in the following manner, with 

corresponding identified public benefit: 

• Health and Estrus Monitoring in Cattle: Working with universities and current offerings SkyCropper will 

streamline the process to monitor the heath in Dairy and Beef Cattle. This will include cloud software 

applications and hardware on the cattle. This ability will allow Producers to monitor the inventory of their cattle. 

Producers will have real-time insight on the health of their herd, understand the herding patterns and be able to 

detect in they are in estrus. This will prevent cattle rustling and will improve efficiencies of their cattle operation 

by decreasing the cost to monitor the herd.

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• Pivot Irrigation Monitoring: SkyCropper will develop hardware and software which can be attached to Pivot 

irrigation systems that will monitor the flow, direction, and operation of pivot irrigation systems. Producers spend 

large quantities of money in fuel and time monitoring pivot irrigation systems. With the addition of pivot 

monitoring a Producer can stay in one location and send a UAV to monitor the systems at a reduced cost that 

manual or what is on the market today. With a visual representation the customer can see any issues that may 

be in the middle of the field and take the necessary tools and parts to fix the issue which would save time and 

money. 

• HD video and Still Photography: SkyCropper will develop packages for producers to capture HD still and 

Video photography in order to assess their current operations. With this ability a Producer can monitor and 

benchmark changes in their operation. Practical uses include Looking at their grain bins to see if anything is 

broke before sending a person to fix it which would put a human’s life in danger. It would also allow customers 

to monitor their equipment in the prevention from theft which would take the loss of human lives out of the 

equation. It would also save the customer money in the decreased cost of fuel. 

• Cotton Root Rot Monitoring: Cotton Root Rot is a clear reoccurring issue that has affected many cotton 

farmers. SkyCropper plans to develop a platform that consistently monitors for the signs of cotton root rot. 

SkyCropper will work with leading universities to test a viable model that will provide an efficient solution for 

scouting. With the ability of predicting the location of cotton root rot Growers will have the ability to spray 

chemical applications that will keep this noxious environment from robbing yield in our cotton crops. 

• Commodity Bin Monitoring: SkyCropper will Develop and train Producers to monitor the levels of remote 

grain bins. This offering will consist of hardware and software that collects real time levels of what commodity is 

in the grain bins. Current methods to monitor commodity bins include visual, cellular monitoring, and simple 

subtraction. This leaves producers in a bind if their calculations are off or the cell signal is not strong enough. 

With the ability to send a UAV to collect and return with the data it will assist producers in the inventory, ordering 

and planning of their commodities. This will also prevent theft on those remote bins. 

• Row Crop Aerial Imagery: SkyCropper will develop applications that use imagery to monitor the health, 

growth stage, and water needs of the crops surveyed. These applications will monitor crop status, allow the 

grower to develop real time fertilizer and chemical prescriptions, area crop damage and evaluate drainage 

practices. Real time information will allow the Producers to become economically efficient moving forward. They 

will have the ability to know Profit maximization techniques and stay profitable and sustainable for the future. 

Customer will visually see distressed spots and have the ability to develop an efficient scouting plan. 

• Imagery for Pasture Management: Using NDVI imagery and specialized pasture software producers can 

remotely monitor the health of their pasture. Producers can also develop prescriptions to apply fertilizer, 

fungicides and insecticides to prevent forage loss. This ability will allow Producers to target the problematic 

areas in order to reduce input costs for their forage program. It will also allow for better irrigation management. 

Producers will have the ability to know when a pasture is ready for cattle movement either off on onto the 

pasture. This will prevent overconsumption, and promote proper rotation.

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• Wildlife Monitoring: SkyCropper will develop software that can detect migration patterns in beneficial animals 

that will allow for the proper management of deer herds. Income for Ranchers is generated by the ability to sell 

hunting packages and or lease out land to hunters. This is a huge boost for the rural economies and 

surrounding cities. With the use of SkyCropper technology Wildlife managers will have the ability to properly 

count deer herds in order to develop the best management practices in order to prevent overhunting or disease 

due to high deer counts. 

• Remote liquid application Row Crop and Vegetables: SkyCropper will develop hardware that will attach to 

UAVs to deliver Treatments for noxious pests. Spot applications on a small scale is difficult due to the current 

equipment not being suited for this application. With the Technology SkyCropper will develop we will attach a 

Pod onto a UAV which will deliver treatments to remote and individual locations in a crop. This will allow 

producers to safely deliver proper treatment economically and prevent human contamination. 

• Remote insecticide application for Cattle: SkyCropper will develop hardware that will attach to UAVs to 

deliver Biting fly deterrent to cattle that are remotely located. Currently Biting Fly prevention applications are 

done in two ways, either through walk through methods or by corralling all cattle and applying the treatment one 

by one. This application technique will have the ability to spread insecticide to cattle on a mass level and 

remotely which will decrease the need to round up the cattle. This application can spread to other 

immunizations in the future which will allow producers to efficiently manage the health of their cattle. 

• Remote delivery of feed and Hay to cattle: SkyCropper will develop hardware that will attach to UAVs to 

deliver Hay and feed to cattle that cannot be reached. In the event of a weather disaster or inability to access 

cattle SkyCropper will develop methods to deliver hay and feed to cattle. This will prevent the loss of cattle in 

flooded situations where they would otherwise starve. In Snowy conditions where it is impossible to access 

herds SkyCropper will have the ability to salvage a herd until conditions improve. 

• Noxious Wildlife Monitoring: SkyCropper will develop software that can detect migration patterns in noxious 

animals entering and exiting fields. Feral Hogs are becoming a large pest in the production of crops. With 

SkyCropper’s Technology producers will be able to find, time, and set extermination times that will reduce the 

impact noxious animals have on row crop and pasture development. Producers will also have a reduced cost in 

managing this pest. 

• General Security Monitoring: In the event of theft monitors on the farm will alert Producers to send a UAV out 

and monitor their operation. Theft in remote locations is difficult to monitor. Sensors placed on remote 

equipment can alert a Producer the need to send a UAV and monitor for theft at a safe location. This will allow 

the producer to alert the authorities with evidence as well as prevent future theft. 

• Feed Bin Monitoring: SkyCropper will develop the software and hardware that will monitor remotely feed bins. 

This hardware and software will alert in real time feed levels. With the ability to know in real time the levels of 

feed producers can ensure their cattle always have enough feed in order to maximize growth. Producers will 

also have to ability to realize theft is occurring and provide for proper inventory management.

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Safety Considerations

Proposed operations using sUASs provide increased safety enhancement especially when compared with 

helicopters and aircraft for the following reasons: 

1. The sUASs will weigh less than fifty-five (55) pounds; 

2. Flights will be operated within the visual line of sight of the pilot; 

3. Maximum total flight time for each operational flight will be thirty (30) minutes. Flight times may be less than 

thirty (30) minutes as the UAS will continuously monitor battery reserve and return to the ground station with at 

least 20% battery power reserved; 

4. Flights will be operated at an altitude of 200 feet AGL. Flights will never exceed 400 feet AGL; 

5. Minimum crew for each operation will consist of the sUAS pilot and a Visual Observer; 

6. A briefing will be conducted daily by all personnel working with said sUAS; 

7. All onsite personnel and client employees will be required to execute a waiver. Verbal/written consent will be 

required of all persons within 100 feet of flight operation; 

8. Written and/or oral permission from relative property owners will be obtained prior to operating the sUAS; 

9. All permits, permissions, etc. will be obtained from local government offices as required; 

10. The sUAS operated will weigh less than 55 pounds including payload (camera, lens, gimbal, etc.); and 

11. The sUAS will operate at speeds less than 50 knots, hover and simultaneously move vertically and horizontally; 

12. The sUAS will have the capability to return and land at the pre-determined location with the Security Perimeter 

should the sUAS lose communication or GPS signal during any operations; 

13. The sUAS will have the capability to abort a flight in case of unpredicted obstacles or emergencies; 

14.Operations will not be conducted over densely populated areas or heavily traffic highways; and

15. Operations will not be conducted within five (5) NM of an airport or heliport.

Summary for Federal Register

Pursuant to 14 CFR Part 11, the following summary is provided for publication in the Federal Register, should it be 

determined that publication is needed:

SkyCropper LLC seeks an exemption from the following rules: 

14 CFR Part 61.113 (a) and (b); 14 CFR 91.103; 14 CFR 91.113; 14 CFR 91.119; 14 CFR 91.121; 14 CFR 

91.151(a); 14 CFR 91.405(a); 14 CFR 91.407(a)(1); 14 CFR; 91.409(a)(2); 14 CFR 91.417 (a) & (b). 

Approval of this exemption request allows SkyCropper to conduct commercial operations with small and 

lightweight unmanned aerial systems. SkyCropper uses sUAS, weighing less than 55 pounds and powered 

primarily by batteries. This eliminates virtually all of that risk given the reduced mass and lack of large amounts of 

combustible fuel carried on board as compared manned aircraft. The sUAS is transported to the designated 

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mission area and set up there. The sUAS will carry no passengers or crew and, therefore, will not expose them to 

the risks associated with manned aircraft flights. 

The operation of this small UAS will provide an equivalent level of safety, supporting the grant of the exemptions 

requested herein, Including exempting the applicant from the requirements of several regulations and allowing 

commercial operations. These lightweight sUAS’s operate at slow speeds, close to the ground, and in a sterile 

environment. As a result, they are far safer than conventional aerial survey and inspection operations conducted 

with fixed wing aircraft or helicopters.

Additional Information

If additional information is required, or if you have any questions regarding this Petition forExemption,please 

contact the undersigned at:

Jacob A. Pugh 

Chief Aviation Officer 

SkyCropper LLC 

Mobile: 512-781-0422 

Email: jpugh@skysropper.com 

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User Manual

TM
3DR Support

Contact 3DR Support for questions and technical help.

online: 3dr.com/support 

email: support@3dr.com 

call: +1 (858) 225-1414 (direct)

 +1 (855) 982-2898 (toll free in the US and Canada)

Support line hours:

Mon-Fri 8 am to 5 pm PST 

3D Robotics (3DR)

1608 4th Street, Suite 410 

Berkeley, CA 94710

Tel. +1 (858) 225-1414

3dr.com

Solo User Manual V4

© 2015 3D Robotics Inc.

Solo is a trademark of 3D Robotics, Inc. 

GoPro, HERO, the GoPro logo, and the GoPro Be a HERO logo are 

trademarks or registered trademarks of GoPro, Inc.
Contents 1 Introduction

1

1.1 System Overview1

1.2 Aircraft Overview2

1.3 Controller Overview3

1.4 Operating Parameters4

1.5 Autopilot5

1.6 Propulsion5

1.7 LED Meanings5

2 Setup6

2.1 In the Box6

2.2 Battery6

2.3 Controller8

2.4 Propellers9

2.5 Camera9

2.6 Mobile App 11 3 Safety 15

3.1 Location 15

3.2 Environmental Awareness 15

3.3 Visual Line of Sight 15

3.4 Flight School 15

3.5 Propellers 16

3.6 GPS 16

3.7 Home Position 16

3.8 Altitude Limit 16

3.9 Emergency Procedures 17

3.10 Flight Battery 18

3.11 Controller 18

3.12 Antenna Configuration 18 4 First Flight 19

4.1 Preflight Checklist 19

4.2 Takeoff 19

4.3 Landing 20

4.4 Return Home 21

4.5 In-Flight Data 21

4.6 Joystick Control 22

4.7 App Interface Overview 25 5 Smart Shots 26

5.1 Selfie 26

5.2 Cable Cam 27

5.3 Orbit 29

5.4 Follow 30 6 Alerts 32

6.1 Preflight Errors 32

6.2 In-Flight Errors 33 7 Advanced Settings 36

7.1 Advanced Flight Modes 36

7.2 Enabling Advanced Flight Modes 37

7.3 Accessing Advanced Flight Modes 37

7.4 Home Position Safety 37

7.5 Performance Adjustment 38

7.6 Units 38

7.7 Maximum Altitude Adjustment 38
8 Support 39 9 Maintenance 39

9.1 Controller Battery Replacement 39

9.2 Calibrations 40

9.3 Pairing 41

9.4 Legs 42

9.5 Battery Tray 45

9.6 Motors 46

9.7 Factory Reset 48

10 Appendix 49

10.1 Specifications 49

10.2 Warranty 50

10.3 Regulatory Compliance 50
Figures

Figure 1.1.3.1: Solo System Context Diagram 1

Figure 1.2.4.1: Solo Overview 2

Figure 1.3.10.1: Controller Overview 4

Figure 1.4.10.1: Solo Operating Parameters 4

Figure 1.6.10.1: Solo Motor Order 5

Figure 2.1.10.1: Solo Parts 6

Figure 2.2.1.1: Solo Battery Charging 7

Figure 2.2.2.1: Powering Solo 7

Figure 2.3.1.1: Controller Charging 8

Figure 2.3.2.1: Power On Controller 8

Figure 2.4.1.1: Attach Propellers 9

Figure 2.5.1.1: Attach Camera 10

Figure 2.5.2.1: Camera Configuration Process 10

Figure 2.6.2.1: Connect to Solo Link 11

Figure 2.6.3.1: App - Settings Menu 11

Figure 2.6.3.2: App - Wi-Fi Settings 12

Figure 2.6.4.1: Controller Preflight Update Prompt 12

Figure 2.6.4.2: App - Software Update 12

Figure 2.6.4.3: App - Download Update 12

Figure 2.6.4.4: App - Update Download in Progress 13

Figure 2.6.4.5: App - Reconnect to Solo Wi-Fi 13

Figure 2.6.4.6: App - Start Update 13

Figure 2.6.4.7: Controller - Updating 13

Figure 2.6.4.8: App - Update Disconnection Confirmation 13

Figure 2.6.4.9: Controller Update Complete Displays 14

Figure 2.6.4.10: Controller - Waiting for Solo 14

Figure 2.6.4.11: App - Update Success 14

Figure 2.6.5.1: App - Viewing Video 14

Figure 3.4.5.1: App Flight School 15

Figure 3.9.5.1: Controller - Motor Shutoff 17

Figure 3.11.5.1: Controller Antenna Orientation 18

Figure 4.2.1.1: Controller - Start Motors Prompt 19

Figure 4.2.2.1: Controller - Takeoff Prompts 20

Figure 4.3.2.1: Controller - User-Initiated Landing 20

Figure 4.4.2.1: Return Home Behavior 21

Figure 4.5.2.1: Controller - In-Flight Data 21

Figure 4.6.2.1: Controller Left Joystick 22

Figure 4.6.2.2: Throttle Joystick Behaviors 22

Figure 4.6.2.3: Yaw Joystick Behavior 23

Figure 4.6.2.4: Controller Right Joystick Controls 23

Figure 4.6.2.5: Pitch Joystick Controls 24

Figure 4.6.2.6: Roll Joystick Controls 24

Figure 4.7.2.1: App - Main Interface 25

Figure 4.7.2.1: App - Shot List 25

Figure 5.1.2.1: Selfie Path and Settings 26

Figure 5.1.1.1: App - Selfie Activation 26

Figure 5.1.2.1: App - Selfie Control 27

Figure 5.1.2.2: Controller - Selfie Control 27

Figure 5.1.3.1: App - Selfie Settings 27

Figure 5.2.1.1: App - Cable Cam Setup 28

Figure 5.2.2.1: App - Cable Cam Controls 28

Figure 5.2.2.2: Controller - Cable Cam Controls 28

Figure 5.2.3.1: App - Cable Cam Settings 28

Figure 5.3.1.1: App - Orbit Setup 29

Figure 5.3.2.1: App - Orbit Controls 29

Figure 5.3.2.2: Orbit Controls 30

Figure 5.3.3.1: App - Orbit Settings 30

Figure 5.4.1.1: App - Follow Setup 30

Figure 5.4.2.1: Follow Controls 31

Figure 5.4.3.1: App - Follow Settings 31

Figure 6.1.1.1: Controller - Calibration in Progress Alerts 32

Figure 6.1.1.2: Controller - Uneven Surface Alert 32

Figure 6.1.1.3: Controller - Re-Calibration Required Alerts 32

Figure 6.1.1.4: Controller - Calibration Error Alert 33

Figure 6.1.2.1: Controller - Service Alerts 33

Figure 6.2.1.1: Controller - Altitude Limit Alert 33

Figure 6.2.2.1: Controller - App Connection Alerts 34

Figure 6.2.3.1: Controller - Controller Disconnected Alert 34

Figure 6.2.3.2: Controller - Controller Signal Alerts 34

Figure 6.2.4.1: Controller - GPS Signal Alerts 35

Figure 6.2.5.1: Controller - Low Battery Alerts 35

Figure 6.2.5.2: Controller - Critical Battery Alert 35

Figure 6.2.6.1: Controller - Controller Battery Alerts 35

Figure 7.2.5.1: App - Advanced Settings 37

Figure 7.3.5.1: App - A and B Presets 37

Figure 7.5.5.1: App - Performance Sliders 38

Figure 7.6.5.1: App - Change Units 38

Figure 7.7.5.1: App - Altitude Limit 38

Figure 8.7.5.1: App - Submit Trouble Ticket 39

Figure 9.1.5.1: Controller Battery Installation 39

Figure 9.2.1.1: App - Compass Calibration Setup 40

Figure 9.2.1.2: App - Compass Calibration Procedure 40

Figure 9.2.2.1: App - Level Calibration 40

Figure 9.3.2.1: Solo Pair Button 41

Figure 9.3.2.2: Controller Pairing Procedure 41

Figure 9.4.2.1: Leg Types 42

Figure 9.4.1.1: Standard Leg Replacement Process 42

Figure 9.4.2.1: Detaching the Antenna from the Leg 43

Figure 9.4.2.2: Attaching a New Leg with an Existing Antenna 43

Figure 9.4.2.3: Attaching an Existing Antenna to a New Leg 43

Figure 9.4.3.1: Compass Connector on Mainboard 44

Figure 9.4.3.2: Insert New Leg with Compass 44

Figure 9.5.1.1: GPS Cover Removal 45

Figure 9.5.2.1: Battery Tray Removal 45

Figure 9.5.2.2: Battery Tray Detachment 45

Figure 9.6.2.1: LED Cover Removal 46

Figure 9.6.2.2: Motor Pod Removal 46

Figure 9.6.2.3: Motor Pod Disconnection 47

Figure 9.6.2.4: Motor Pod Connection 47

Figure 9.6.2.5: Motor Pod and LED Cover Attachment 47
1

1 Introduction

We designed Solo to be the perfect aerial-video tool. It’s powerful, simple and reliable with intuitive Smart Shots 

inspired by our favorite cinema pilots. With Solo, you don’t need a professional camera crew, you can get the 

perfect shot every time. We’re excited to share our passion with you and help you see your world from a new 

perspective. Join us in capturing the next evolution of creative videography.

1.1 System Overview

The Solo system includes Solo, the controller, the “3DR Solo” app, and you. As the operator, you interact with the 

controller and app on the ground, and the controller communicates with Solo during flight.

1.1.1 Solo

Solo is a small unmanned aerial vehicle powered by four motors and four propellers. Solo’s onboard computers 

control navigation, attitude, and communications in flight while sending real-time telemetry and video output and 

receiving control inputs over the 3DR Link secure Wi-Fi network. Solo is optimized for capturing aerial video using a 

GoPro® HERO camera.

1.1.2 Controller

The controller provides control mechanisms and displays in-flight data on a full-color screen. Using twin longrange antennas, the controller acts as the central hub for all communication on the 3DR Link network, receiving all 

communications from Solo and the app, forwarding telemetry outputs to the app, and managing the transmission of 

all control inputs to Solo.

1.1.3 App

The “3DR Solo” app outputs a live video stream from an onboard GoPro® camera to an Android or iOS device. The 

app allows you to view the live video with overlaid telemetry and access a simplified graphic interface for controlling 

Solo’s advanced functions. The app also connects to the 3DR Link network to receive video and telemetry outputs 

and send control inputs.

Figure 1.1.3.1: Solo System Context Diagram

Video output

Telemetry output

Control input

Operator

3DR Solo

Controller

3DR Solo

3DR Solo

App

Ground Air

3DR Link 

Secure WiFi 

Network
2

1.2 Aircraft Overview

1.2.1 Smart Battery

The battery connects to Solo’s battery bay. Solo’s power button is located on the battery; Solo can only be powered 

when the battery is connected. 

1.2.2 Motors and Propellers

Solo’s arms are labeled one through four on the ends of the arms. Motors on arms #1 and #2 spin counterclockwise 

and use clockwise-tightening propellers with silver tops. Motors on arms #3 and #4 spin clockwise and use 

counterclockwise-tightening propellers with black tops. 

1.2.3 Orientation LEDs

Each arm contains an LED for ground-to-air directional awareness; the two front arms (#1 and #3) display white, and 

the two rear arms (#2 and #4) display red. This LED scheme mimics the headlight and taillight style of a car.

1.2.4 Fixed Camera Mount and HDMI Cable

Solo includes a GoPro® The Frame fixed mount to mount a GoPro® HERO camera. The HDMI cable connects to the 

GoPro® to output video during flight.

Figure 1.2.4.1: Solo Overview

Silver-top propeller

Power button

Battery

Rear orientation LEDs

Black-top propeller

Motor

Arm numbering

Front orientation LEDs

Fixed camera mount

HDMI cable

Height: 10.2”

Motor-to-motor: 18.1”

Weight (no camera): 3.3 lbs.
3

1.3 Controller Overview

1.3.1 Mobile-Device Holder

Mount an Android or iOS device to run the Solo app and effortlessly integrate the app into the controller’s 

operational flow. A user-supplied smartphone or tablet is required to initialize Solo and use Smart Shots.

1.3.2 Joysticks

The controller’s left and right joysticks provide direct manual control of Solo and physical control mechanisms for 

using Smart Shots. 

1.3.3 Screen

The controller’s full-color screen provides live in-flight data and prompts for correct operation of Solo.

1.3.4 Power Button

Press the power button once to check the controller’s battery level. Hold the power button until you see the 

controller startup screen to power on the controller.

1.3.5 Fly Button

The Fly button lets you control Solo’s main flight functions: starting motors, takeoff, land, and activating standard 

flight.

1.3.6 Return Home

The Return Home button allows you to end your flight automatically at any point by returning Solo to its original 

launch point and landing.

1.3.7 Pause Button

The Pause button is Solo’s emergency air brake. Press Pause to stop Solo and hover in place at any time.

1.3.8 Option Buttons

The A and B buttons change functionality based on where you are in the operational flow. The screen will show the 

currently assigned functions of A and B at all times. You can program A and B to specific functions using the app. 

By default, the A button is assigned to Cable Cam and the B button is assigned to Orbit.

1.3.9 Antennas

The controller’s long-range dipole antennas communicate with Solo during flight. See Section 3.12 for proper 

antenna configuration.

1.3.10 Gimbal Controls

The paddle, buttons, and dial on the top of the controller are used to control the Solo Gimbal. They can also be used 

in some Smart Shots.
4

Figure 1.3.10.1: Controller Overview

1.4 Operating Parameters

The following operating parameters apply to Solo. Always operate Solo within these parameters. Solo’s performance 

and behaviors are not guaranteed when conditions violate the parameters listed below.

Figure 1.4.10.1: Solo Operating Parameters

*Flight time varies with payload, wind conditions, elevation, temperature, humidity, flying style, 

and pilot skill. Listed flight time applies to elevations less than 2,000 ft above sea level.

**See Section 7.7 to adjust maximum altitude.

***Depending on environmental conditions

 ****This top speed corresponds to Solo when operating in Fly mode. Maximum speeds for advanced 

modes may vary, see Section 7.1 for more information.

Estimated flight time up to 25 minutes*

Default maximum altitude 150 ft. (46 m) above ground level**

Range .5 miles*** (.8 km)

Payload capacity 1 lb. (450 g)

Cruise speed 18 mph (8 m/s)

Maximum speed 33 mph (15 m/s)****

Wind speed limitation 25 mph (11 m/s)

Operating temperature 32° F - 113° F (0° C to 45° C)

Antennas

Mobile-device holder

Gimbal controls

Joysticks

Screen

Pause

Return home

Fly

Power

Options
5

1.5 Autopilot

Solo uses a Pixhawk 2 autopilot running ArduPilot Copter software. ArduPilot is open-source flight control based on 

the MAVlink communication protocol. Pixhawk 2 runs an ARM Cortex-M4 STM32F427 processor with 2 MB of flash 

memory and 256 KB of RAM. Combined with an array of CAN, I2C, SPI, PWM, and UART interfaces, Pixhawk 2 

uses a suite of onboard sensors to calculate Solo’s orientation and motion in flight. This data is input into ArduPilot’s 

inertial navigation and position estimation algorithms and combined with control inputs to send commands to Solo’s 

propulsion system.

1.6 Propulsion

Solo uses four brushless 880 Kv motors and four self-tightening propellers for propulsion. For control and 

aerodynamic efficiency, two motors spin clockwise and two motors spin counterclockwise. Navigation in the air is 

achieved by mixing propulsion of the four motors to actuate flight control along the roll, pitch, and yaw axes. 

Each of the four motors is numbered by the marking on the arm. These numbers correspond to the autopilot 

calculations for these commands and are used for indicating motor replacement procedures. Each motor is 

controlled by an ESC (Electronic Speed Controller) that regulates the rotation of the motors to achieve the speed 

commanded by the autopilot.

Figure 1.6.10.1: Solo Motor Order

1.7 LED Meanings

Solo’s four LEDs indicate its status during startup and in flight.

• Solid white (front) and red (back): Ready to fly, standard flight configuration

• Pulsing white (front) and red (back): Solo is flying under autopilot control

• Flashing red alternating front and back: Controller signal lost

• Flashing rainbow: Update in progress

• Solid green, then turning off one-by-one: Startup successful

• Solid green without turning off automatically: Startup unsuccessful, please restart Solo

03 01

02 04
6

2 Setup

This sections covers everything you need to set up Solo out of the box.

2.1 In the Box

Solo includes the drone, controller, propellers (four plus two spares), Solo charger, and controller charger.

Figure 2.1.10.1: Solo Parts

2.2 Battery

Solo is powered by the rechargeable Solo Smart Battery that provides up to 25 minutes of flight time per full charge. 

(Keep in mind that flight time depends on payload, wind conditions, elevation, temperature, humidity, flying style and 

pilot skill, so the actual flight time may vary.) As a lithium polymer battery, the Solo Smart Battery requires specific 

handling practices to ensure safe operation and prevent accidents. For more information about battery safety, see 

Section 3.10.

2.2.1 Charging

The level of the battery is indicated by the lights below the power button. Press the power button once to display 

the current power level. The Solo battery ships with approximately 50% charge, so charge fully before your first 

flight for maximum flight time.

Remove the battery from Solo before charging by holding the release button and sliding the battery towards the 

back of Solo. Charge the battery using the designated Solo charger only; using a different charger can damage the 

battery or cause a fire.

To charge the battery, connect the Solo charger to the battery and a wall outlet. While charging, the indicator lights 

pulse at the current level. There is an additional indicator on the battery charger that turns from red to green when 

the battery is fully charged. The battery takes approximately 1.5 hours to charge to 100%.

Solo Three silver-top props

& three black-top props

Controller

Solo charger

Controller charger
7

Figure 2.2.1.1: Solo Battery Charging

2.2.2 Powering

To power Solo, insert the battery into Solo’s battery bay and slide the battery forward until it clicks into place. Press 

and hold the battery power button to turn on Solo. When Solo powers on, the battery will display an LED animation 

and you will hear the startup tone. Only power Solo using the designated 3DR Solo Smart Battery; using a different 

battery can permanently damage Solo.

Figure 2.2.2.1: Powering Solo

Charge indicator

Charge indicator

Make sure Solo is level before powering on and keep Solo still during 

startup and while the sensors initialize. Moving Solo during this 

process causes the sensors to calibrate incorrectly and can create a 

preflight error or affect in-flight performance.

1 Slide to connect

2 Hold to power
8

2.3 Controller

The Solo controller includes a pre-installed rechargeable lithium ion (Li-ion) battery.

2.3.1 Charging

Charge the controller using the designated controller charger only; using a different charger can damage the 

controller or cause a fire. 

To charge the controller, connect the controller charger to the barrel jack on the side of the controller and to a 

wall outlet. To check the battery level of the controller, press the power button. A fully charged controller lasts for 

approximately 6 hours. Always check the controller’s battery level before you fly, and recharge when prompted by 

the controller. The controller takes approximately 3 hours to charge to 100%.

Figure 2.3.1.1: Controller Charging

2.3.2 Powering

To power on the controller, press and hold the controller power button until you see the startup screen.

Figure 2.3.2.1: Power On Controller
9

2.4 Propellers

Solo uses two types of self-tightening propellers, indicated by the color of the circle at the center of the propeller. 

2.4.1 Attaching

Attach the propellers with silver tops to the motors with a silver dot on the top of the motor shaft, and attach the 

black-top propellers to the motors with black dots. Make sure to remove the paper labels from the motors before 

attaching the propellers.

Silver-top propellers tighten clockwise; black-top propellers tighten counterclockwise. Check the lock and unlock 

icons on each propeller to see the correct directions for tightening and removing.

Figure 2.4.1.1: Attach Propellers

2.5 Camera

Solo includes a fixed GoPro® The FrameTM mount for your GoPro® HERO 3, 3+ or 4.

2.5.1 Attaching

To attach the camera to the GoPro® The FrameTM fixed mount, insert your GoPro® upside down and connect the 

Solo HDMI cable to the camera.

remove motor labels remove motor labels
10

Figure 2.5.1.1: Attach Camera

2.5.2 Settings

For best results, adjust the camera settings for inverted orientation and medium field of view. (Setting the field of 

view to medium ensures that you won’t see the propellers in the frame.) 

Figure 2.5.2.1: Camera Configuration Process

Make sure that the Wi-Fi on your GoPro® is turned OFF. It can interfere 

with Solo’s communication signals and cause unexpected behavior.

GoPro® The FrameTM

Your GoPro®

HERO 3, 3+ or 4 Mount your GoPro®

upside down.

Connect the HDMI 

cable.

Set the GoPro® HERO3 

to inverted orientation:

Enable GoPro® HERO4

auto-orientation:

Set the GoPro® to 

medium field of view:

GoPro®

Settings

Camera 

Orientation

GoPro®

Settings

SETUP ORIENTATION

OFF

:OFF

:UP

:VIDEO

ORIENTATION

OFF

:OFF

:AUTO

:VIDEO

EXIT

EXIT

RESET CAM

SETUP ORIENTATION

OFF

:OFF

:UP

:VIDEO

ORIENTATION

OFF

:OFF

:AUTO

:VIDEO

EXIT

EXIT

RESET CAM
11

2.6 Mobile App

“3DR Solo” provides a streaming video link to a mobile device and a simple graphic interface for interacting with 

Smart Shots and other advanced Solo features.

2.6.1 Install

Visit 3dr.com/soloapp or download “3DR Solo” from the App Store or Google Play Store. 3DR Solo works with iOS 

8.0 or later and Android 4.3 or later. For Android, you must also install the “3DR Services” app to your device.

2.6.2 Connect to Solo

To connect the app to Solo’s 3DR Link Wi-Fi network, access the Wi-Fi settings on the mobile device and select 

Solo_Link-####. Enter the temporary password “sololink”. Once connected, return to the app to continue. Both Solo 

and the controller must be powered on to connect to the app.

Figure 2.6.2.1: Connect to Solo Link

2.6.3 Change SoloLink Password

Once connected to Solo Wi-Fi, change your password to secure your SoloLink network. Select the Settings menu 

from the top-left drop-down, and choose Solo to access the options for your drone.

Figure 2.6.3.1: App - Settings Menu

In the Solo menu, select Wi-Fi Settings, and set a new password. The password should be between 8 and 32 

characters with no spaces. Select Apply to enable your changes. If you forget your SoloLink password, perform the 

factory reset procedure in Section 9.7 to reset the password to the temporary password (sololink).

Settings

Airplane Mode

WI-FI

Bluetooth

Cellular

Solo_Link-####

On

Notifications

Control Center

Do Not Disturb

LTE 7:34 PM
12

Figure 2.6.3.2: App - Wi-Fi Settings

2.6.4 Update

Before your first flight, use the app to perform the required first-flight update. The controller will prompt you for the 

update with the preflight update alert. Ensure that both the controller and Solo are powered, the controller has at 

least 50% battery remaining, and the app is connected to Solo Wi-Fi. The total update process can take up to 10 

minutes.

Figure 2.6.4.1: Controller Preflight Update Prompt

To start the update, open the Settings menu in the app, and select Software Update. 

Figure 2.6.4.2: App - Software Update

Before starting the update, you’ll need to connect your device to the Internet and download the update. Select 

Download Update to start the process, then exit the app and connect to the Internet.

Figure 2.6.4.3: App - Download Update

The app will show the following display while the update is downloading.

preflight update

Required before first flight!

Use 3DR Solo App to update
13

Figure 2.6.4.4: App - Update Download in Progress

When the download is complete, the app will prompt you to re-connect to Solo Wi-Fi in your device’s Wi-Fi settings. 

Figure 2.6.4.5: App - Reconnect to Solo Wi-Fi

When the app detects an active connection with the controller, it will prompt you to begin the update. (Solo and the 

controller must be powered on to connect to Solo Wi-Fi.) Select Begin to start the update.

Figure 2.6.4.6: App - Start Update

While the update is in progress, the controller will show the controller updating display. The controller will complete 

a full restart as part of the update process, which can take up to 5 minutes.

Figure 2.6.4.7: Controller - Updating

Because the controller must restart as part of the update process, your device will lose its connection to Solo Wi-Fi. 

When you see the display below, select Next to continue. 

Figure 2.6.4.8: App - Update Disconnection Confirmation

Controller updating

Update will take about 5 minutes

Please ensure charger is connected

Controller may go dark while updating
14

The controller will restart and display a green checkmark to indicate that the controller was updated successfully. 

When you see the green checkmark on the controller, re-connect to Solo Wi-Fi in the app and press A on the 

controller to continue the update. 

Figure 2.6.4.9: Controller Update Complete Displays

After pressing A, Solo will restart to complete the update. The controller will display waiting for Solo while Solo 

restarts.

Figure 2.6.4.10: Controller - Waiting for Solo

When the update is complete, Solo’s LEDs will turn green, the controller will return to the standard takeoff screen, 

and the app will show that the software is up to date. After displaying green, Solo’s LEDs will return to the standard 

white-and-red pattern. If you do not see white-and-red LEDs after a few minutes following the update, restart Solo.

Figure 2.6.4.11: App - Update Success

2.6.5 View Video

After the update is complete, select Fly Solo to view video in the app. Solo, the controller, and the GoPro® must 

be powered to view video. Verify that you can view video before your first flight. If the video is inverted, see section 

2.5.2.

Figure 2.6.5.1: App - Viewing Video

Controller updated Please reconnect to Sololink wifi 

Press to continue

Press when LEDs are green

waiting for Solo
15

3 Safety

The following best practices will help ensure safe, successful flights and help reduce the risk of accident and serious 

injury. Always fly under adult supervision and with your full attention at all times. Do not fly under the influence of 

drugs or alcohol or when your ability to operate Solo safely is impaired. Use your common sense to avoid unsafe 

situations and always operate Solo responsibly.

3.1 Location

Don’t fly Solo indoors. Always fly outside in clear, open areas at a safe distance from yourself, other people, power 

lines, animals, vehicles, trees, and buildings. When flying in areas with potential hazards, maintain 100 feet (30 m) 

from any people, vehicles, or structures. As the operator, you are responsible for navigating Solo to avoid obstacles, 

including during Smart Shots. 

Don’t fly within 5 miles of an airport or within any airspace restricted by your local, state, or national airspace 

authority. As the operator, you are responsible for knowing and understanding the regulations that govern small 

unmanned aircraft like Solo in your jurisdiction.

3.2 Environmental Awareness

Don’t fly Solo in extreme weather conditions such as rain, high winds, snow, or fog. Extreme weather conditions can 

permanently damage Solo or cause instability in flight.

Before flying, determine the boundaries of the safe flying area at your location. Be aware of any risks, including 

bodies of water, structures, trees, power lines, etc, and designate a few areas where you can land Solo in case of 

an unsafe situation. Throughout your flight, be prepared to recover Solo manually or use an emergency procedure if 

Solo flies outside the safe flying area. 

3.3 Visual Line of Sight

Always fly Solo within your visual line of sight. Don’t let Solo get so far away from you that you cannot see its 

orientation or so that any physical obstructions block your view of Solo.

3.4 Flight School

If you’re new to flying, review the video tutorials in the Flight School area of the app before your first flight. Flight 

School provides useful tips for learning to operate Solo safely and correctly.

Figure 3.4.5.1: App Flight School

Physical obstructions can also block communication signals with the controller, 

causing Solo to attempt to Return Home along an obstructed path

Read and understand these important safety instructions before your 

first flight to help reduce the risk of accident and serious injury.
16

3.5 Propellers

To avoid hazardous contact with Solo’s high-speed propellers, always power off Solo before handling Solo or 

the propellers. When prompted to start motors before takeoff, always ensure that the propellers are clear of any 

obstructions and at least 20 feet away from any people, animals, or property before activating. Do not touch moving 

propellers or approach Solo while the propellers are spinning.

After landing or returning home, Solo will automatically detect the landing and stop the motors. Do not approach 

Solo until the propellers stop spinning, and always power off Solo before picking it up.

3.6 GPS

Solo requires an active GPS signal for flight. After powering on, Solo can take up to 5 minutes to acquire a strong 

GPS lock. Always choose a flying location with a clear view of the sky to improve GPS signal strength. The following 

requirements define a GPS lock:

• Reported horizontal position accuracy < 16 ft. (5 m)

• Reported speed accuracy < 2 mph (1 m/s)

• Number of satellites ≥ 6

• Difference between GPS and inertial navigation vertical velocity < 2 mph (1 m/s)

If satellite coverage drops beneath a reliable threshold during flight, Solo will automatically switch to FLY:Manual 

mode. This mode does not provide the flight stabilizing GPS functionality, but it still allows you to retain control of 

Solo. 

3.7 Home Position

Solo’s home position is the latitude and longitude coordinates of the launch point used by the autopilot as the 

end point of a return-home command. The autopilot saves the home position at the location where the motors are 

started only after achieving GPS lock. The location of the home position depends on GPS signal strength and is 

usually within 1 to 2 meters of accuracy. Always take off from an open location with a clear path for Solo to return 

home safely. For home position safety in advanced mode, see Section 7.4.

3.8 Altitude Limit

Always fly at appropriate altitudes for your flying location and local regulations. Solo cannot avoid obstacles on its 

own, so always select altitudes that avoid any obstacles, such as trees, buildings, and power lines.

Solo includes a safety fence enabled by default at 150 ft. (46 m). If Solo reaches the altitude limit, Solo will stop 

ascending and limit throttle input to stay below the altitude limit. FAA regulations mandate a maximum altitude of 

400 ft. to avoid potential conflicts with manned aircraft and represents a safe line-of-sight altitude. 

Spinning propellers can cause serious injury. Never touch moving 

propellers or place any objects in the way of the propeller arcs while 

Solo is powered.
17

3.9 Emergency Procedures

If you experience a problem in flight, use one of the following emergency procedures to stop Solo, end your flight, or 

shut off the motors.

3.9.1 Pause

The controller’s Pause button allows you to stop Solo mid-air. Solo will hover at the paused location until given 

another command. Use the Pause button to stop Solo from hitting an obstacle or to re-orient Solo for navigation. 

Press Pause during Return Home or Land to pause Solo and stop the landing. Pause is available only with GPS 

lock.

3.9.2 Regain Manual Control 

Keep the controller easily accessible at all times during flight, including during Smart Shots, and be prepared to 

regain manual control at any time. To return to standard flight during Smart Shots, Return Home, or Land, press the 

Fly button.

3.9.3 Return Home

If Solo acquired GPS lock prior to takeoff, press the controller’s Home button to return Solo to the launch point 

and land. Use return home after receiving a low battery notification or to end your flight easily. Solo will not avoid 

obstacles while returning home; always verify that the return path is clear before activating Return Home.

3.9.4 Land

To land Solo at its current position, press and hold the Fly button. Lift the throttle at any time to exit the landing 

procedure. If Solo does not have GPS lock, there will be no automatic positioning as Solo descends, and drifting 

may occur depending on environmental conditions.

3.9.5 Motor Shutoff

In the event that Solo’s motors do not stop after landing or for an emergency in-flight kill switch, Solo includes 

an emergency motor shutoff procedure. To shut off the motors at any time, either in flight or on the ground, hold 

the A, B, and Pause buttons at the same time. An initial screen will appear on the controller to confirm the shutoff 

command; continue to hold A, B, and Pause buttons to activate motor shutoff. Use the emergency motor shutoff 

only as a last resort.

Figure 3.9.5.1: Controller - Motor Shutoff

Spot lock

Hold + 

 to shut off motors

FLY 12

Spot lock

Hold + 

 to shut off motors

FLY 12
18

3.10 Flight Battery

Use caution when handling the Solo Smart Battery; lithium polymer batteries can cause a fire if handled incorrectly. 

Never alter, puncture, throw, bend, or impact the battery. Keep the battery away from liquids, fire, microwaves, and 

other hazardous or combustible materials. Don’t expose the battery to extreme temperatures. If the battery is hot to 

the touch, wait for it to cool before using or charging. 

Inspect the battery before and after each flight. It is possible for the battery to be damaged in shipping, use or 

charging. If you notice any abnormal features such as damage to the exterior shell, swelling, deformation of the 

battery, abnormal smell, leakage, or other unexpected behavior, do not use the battery! These can be signs of 

serious damage that can cause the battery to catch fire. To prevent a hazard in case of fire or explosion, disconnect 

the battery, and place the battery in a safe area outside of any buildings or vehicles and away from flammable 

materials. Do not dispose of the battery in the trash; dispose of the battery at local battery recycling center as soon 

as possible. In the US and Canada, visit call2recycle.org to find a location.

For long term storage, store the battery in an 64° F to 82° F environment, between 45-85% relative humidity 

and with 50% charge. Always make sure to store the battery in a place where it won’t be exposed to extreme 

temperatures or direct sunlight. 

3.11 Controller

The controller’s rechargeable lithium ion (Li-ion) battery is housed inside the controller, accessible by the battery 

door on the back of the controller. The controller battery is pre-attached to the controller, and shouldn’t be 

disconnected unless:

• You plan to store the controller for over three months without using it. In this case, disconnect the battery 

from the controller and leave the battery inside the controller to store it.

• You need to replace or upgrade the controller battery. Upgraded controller batteries with double the 

capacity are available from store.3dr.com or an authorized retailer. In the case where you need to store the 

extra controller battery, store it in location where it will not come into contact with metal objects or other 

batteries. If the battery’s connector comes into contact with a metal object, it can short circuit the battery and 

cause a fire.

Keep the controller away from liquids, fire, microwaves, and other hazardous or combustible materials. Don’t 

expose the controller to extreme temperatures. If the controller is hot to the touch, wait for it to cool before using 

or charging. Perform periodic visual inspections of the controller battery to check for any damage, and handle the 

controller battery using the same safety precautions as the flight battery.

3.12 Antenna Configuration 

For the strongest connection to Solo, position the antennas down and away from the controller so they are 

approximately perpendicular with Solo in flight, and tilt each antenna out and away from one another at a 20° angle. 

Figure 3.12.5.1: Controller Antenna Orientation

20°
19

4 First Flight

This section covers basic Solo flight procedures, including takeoff, landing, and manual control.

4.1 Preflight Checklist

Before flying, check the following conditions.

4.1.1 Location

» Your current location and environmental conditions are suitable for flight. (Section 3.1)

» Solo is on a level surface at a clear launch point a sufficient distance from yourself and others. (Section 3.1)

4.1.2 Components

» The propellers are correctly attached. (Section 2.4)

» The propellers can spin smoothly and without obstruction when turned.

» No components on Solo appear loose or damaged.

»

4.1.3 Power

» The controller is powered on with at least 50% charge. (Section 2.3)

» Solo is powered on with a fully charged battery. (Section 2.2)

4.1.4 Video (Optional)

» The Solo app is connected to Solo and streaming video. (Section 2.6)

» The GoPro® is recording.

4.2 Takeoff

The takeoff process has two steps: start motors then take off. Always place Solo at a clear launch point for takeoff, 

at least 20 feet away from you, other people, and structures.

4.2.1 Activating Motors

When Solo is ready to fly, the controller will prompt you to hold the Fly button to start Solo’s motors. Hold Fly until 

the propellers spin. Solo is now active, ready for takeoff, and needs to be treated with appropriate caution to avoid 

safety hazards. Press the Pause button anytime Solo is on the ground with the motors spinning to stop the motors.

Figure 4.2.1.1: Controller - Start Motors Prompt

Cable Cam Orbit

FLY 12

Hold FLY to start motors

Flying close to obstacles like buildings and trees can reduce GPS 

accuracy and may result in unexpected flight behavior.
20

4.2.2 Initiating Takeoff

Hold Fly again to initiate takeoff. Solo will rise to 10 feet (3 m) and hover until receiving further control inputs.

Figure 4.2.2.1: Controller - Takeoff Prompts

4.3 Landing

Hold the Fly button to land Solo at its current location.

Figure 4.3.2.1: Controller - User-Initiated Landing

After landing, the propellers will stop spinning automatically; wait until the propellers stop spinning before 

approaching Solo. If the propellers do not stop, press the controller’s Pause button or use the emergency shutoff 

option described in Section 3.9.5.

When commanded to land, Solo will land at the current location, 

wherever it is. Always make sure there is a clear path to a safe landing 

point directly below Solo before landing. 

Never approach Solo while the propellers are spinning. After an 

auto-landing or return-to-home, always wait until the propellers stop 

before approaching or touching Solo. 

Cable Cam Orbit

FLY 12

Hold FLY to take off

Cable Cam Orbit

FLY 12

Hold FLY to take off

Spot lock Rewind

FLY 12

Hold FLY to land

Cable Cam Orbit

5FT

0FT

HOME

30%

FLIGHT BATTERY

ALTITUDE

LAND 12

LANDING COMPLETE

Be aware of Solo’s orientation before takeoff so you can safely navigate Solo 

up and away from you once it’s in the air. If Solo is facing towards you at 

takeoff, move the right stick back; if Solo is facing away from you, move the 

right stick forward.

Spinning propellers can cause serious injury! Always make sure 

Solo is clear of any obstructions and all people and animals are away 

from Solo before spinning the props.
21

4.4 Return Home

The Home button ends your flight automatically by returning Solo to the home position (launch point) and landing. 

When commanded to Return Home, Solo:

1 Achieves a minimum altitude of 49 feet (15 m) or maintains current altitude if above 98 feet.

2 Moves to launch point and hovers for 5 seconds.

3 Lands at the home point.

Figure 4.4.2.1: Return Home Behavior

4.5 In-Flight Data

Use the controller’s main data display to monitor Solo’s status in flight.

Figure 4.5.2.1: Controller - In-Flight Data

1 Flight battery percentage remaining 

2 GPS signal strength and number of active satellites

3 Active mode or Smart Shot (“Fly” indicates standard flight.)

4 Controller battery level 

5 Solo Wi-Fi signal strength

6 Horizontal distance from the home position (launch point)

7 Current altitude

8 Currently assigned functions of controller A and B buttons

home

49 feet hover 5 seconds

2

3 4

5

6

7

8

1

Always verify that there is a clear path to the home point before activating 

Return Home.
22

4.6 Joystick Control

The controller’s two joysticks allow you to navigate Solo in flight. The left stick controls Solo’s altitude and rotation.

Figure 4.6.2.1: Controller Left Joystick

Move the left stick vertically to control Solo’s altitude and acceleration.

Figure 4.6.2.2: Throttle Joystick Behaviors

UP

DOWN

ROTATE

LEFT

ROTATE 

RIGHT

Move the left stick back from 

center to decrease altitude. 

Set the left stick to center to 

maintain the current altitude.

Set the left stick fully back to 

land once Solo is a few inches 

above the ground.

To take off and to gain altitude, 

move the left stick slightly past 

the center position.
23

Move the left stick horizontally to rotate Solo and control orientation.

Figure 4.6.2.3: Yaw Joystick Behavior

Use the right stick to fly Solo forward, back, left, and right. These movements are relative to Solo’s current 

orientation, so always maintain awareness of Solo’s forward-facing direction before using right-stick controls.

Figure 4.6.2.4: Controller Right Joystick Controls

Move the stick to the left to 

rotate counterclockwise.

Move the stick to the right to 

rotate clockwise.

Release the stick to stop 

rotating the maintain the 

current orientation

LEFT RIGHT

FORWARD

BACK
24

Move the right stick vertically to control pitch.

Figure 4.6.2.5: Pitch Joystick Controls

Move the right stick horizontally to control roll.

Figure 4.6.2.6: Roll Joystick Controls

Activate

Hold until propellers 

start spinning.

Take-off + Lift

Raise just slightly 

for take off

Hover + Land

Lower just slightly

to hover

Left Yaw

Left

Back

Forward

Right

Right Yaw

Deactivate

Hold until propellers

stop spinning

Activate

Hold until propellers 

start spinning.

Take-off + Lift

Raise just slightly 

for take off

Hover + Land

Lower just slightly

to hover

Left Yaw

Left

Back

Forward

Right

Right Yaw

Deactivate

Hold until propellers

stop spinning

Move the right stick 

forward to fly forward.

Move the right stick 

back to fly backward.

Activate

Hold until propellers 

tart spinning.

Take-off + Lift

Raise just slightly 

or take off

Hover + Land

Lower just slightly

o hover

Left Yaw

Left

Back

Forward

Right

Right Yaw

Deactivate

Hold until propellers

top spinning

Activate

Hold until propellers 

start spinning.

Take-off + Lift

Raise just slightly 

or take off

Hover + Land

Lower just slightly

o hover

Left Yaw

Left

Back

Forward

Right

Right Yaw

Deactivate

Hold until propellers

stop spinning

Move the right stick 

left to fly left.

Move the right stick right 

to fly right.

If you’re new to drones, take some time to learn the basics before your 

first flight. Visit 3dr.com/solo/info or check out Flight School in the Solo 

app to learn about flight controls and best practices.
25

4.7 App Interface Overview

The Solo app provides a simplified interface for viewing Solo’s video feed and managing Smart Shots. 

Figure 4.7.2.1: App - Main Interface

 1 Live video feed

 2 Main menu

 3 Horizontal distance from home

 4 Altitude

 5 Shot List

 6 Flight battery percentage remaining

 7 Controller signal strength

 8 Hide telemetry bar

 9 Map view

10 Start/stop recording to mobile device

11 Alerts and instructions

4.7.1 Map View

To access the small map view, swipe left from the right edge of the app. Swipe left again to full-screen the map, and 

tap the video display to hide the map. The map view is available only with GPS lock and on devices with cellular 

Internet.

4.7.2 Shot List

To access the Shot List, select the active mode or shot from the title bar. Choose from Selfie, Cable Cam, Orbit, and 

Follow to start a shot, or select Fly for standard flight.

Figure 4.7.2.1: App - Shot List

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1

9 10

11
26

5 Smart Shots

Solo’s Smart Shots automate video capturing to make it easy to get stunning aerial video. Cable Cam and Orbit are 

automatically assigned to the controller’s A and B buttons. Use the app to access Selfie or Follow. Smart Shots are 

available only with the Solo app.

When using Smart Shots without a Solo Gimbal, Solo cannot ensure that the subject is in the frame at all times. 

When attempting Smart Shots without a Solo Gimbal, adjust the camera mount so the camera is fixed at an 

appropriate angle to improve the chances of keeping the subject in the frame.

5.1 Selfie

In Selfie, Solo flies a smooth up-and-back path to capture a subject in a cinematic establishing shot. Before starting 

a selfie, always ensure that there is a clear path 200 feet (61 m) behind and above Solo. Once Selfie is activated, 

Solo will fly up and away from the subject to a point 164 feet (50 m) from the subject at 82 feet (25 m) altitude. 

Figure 5.1.2.1: Selfie Path and Settings

1 Distance out (default 164 ft.)

2 Altitude up (default 82 ft.)

3 Flight path

5.1.1 Selfie Setup

To start Selfie, fly Solo to a starting point, facing the subject from approximately 10 feet away, and select Selfie from 

the Shot List. The app will prompt you to press the right arrow to start the selfie.

Figure 5.1.1.1: App - Selfie Activation

5.1.2 Selfie Operation

Tap the forward and back arrows in the app to fly Solo along the Selfie path. The default cruise speed when using 

the app to control Solo in Selfie is set to 9 mph (4 m/s). 

2

1

3

Always ensure that there is a clear path 200 feet (30 m) behind and 

above Solo before starting Selfie. Press Pause at any time during Selfie 

to stop Solo. Press Fly at any time to switch to manual control.
27

Figure 5.1.2.1: App - Selfie Control

To control Selfie using the controller, use the right stick to move Solo forward and back along the Selfie path. Press 

Pause at any time to stop Solo; press Fly to exit to standard flight. 

Figure 5.1.2.2: Controller - Selfie Control

5.1.3 Settings

To access the settings from the in-flight Selfie interface, select the option icon with the three dots in the bottomright. Use the sliders to adjust distance out, altitude up, and cruise speed. Select Selfie How-To for instructions and 

tips.

Figure 5.1.3.1: App - Selfie Settings

5.2 Cable Cam

Cable Cam creates a smooth shot by flying Solo along an invisible cable between any two preset points.

5.2.1 Starting Cable Cam

Press A on the controller, or select Cable Cam from the Shot List on the app. Both devices will prompt you to fly 

Solo to your first point and press A to save it as the first Cable Cam point. Then fly to your second point and press B 

to save the second point. Try adding a difference in altitude or orientation between the two points for an impressive 

cinematic effect.

Move along 

flight path
28

Figure 5.2.1.1: App - Cable Cam Setup

5.2.2 Cable Cam Operation

To control Cable Cam through the app, tap the right arrow to move towards point A and tap the left arrow to move 

towards point B. Cable Cam’s default cruise speed is set to 9 mph (4 m/s).

Figure 5.2.2.1: App - Cable Cam Controls

To operate Cable Cam using the controller, move the right stick to the left to fly towards point A and to the right to 

fly towards point B. Release the right stick to pause along the cable. Use the left stick to temporarily override the 

camera and look left and right. Press Pause at any time to stop Solo; press Fly to exit to standard flight. 

Figure 5.2.2.2: Controller - Cable Cam Controls

5.2.3 Cable Cam Settings

To adjust Cable Cam’s options, select the settings menu in the bottom-right corner. Automatic view lock prevents 

left-stick camera control during Cable Cam. Choose Fly Counterclockwise and Fly Clockwise to customize the 

direction Solo rotates between your A and B points. Select Cable Cam How-To for instructions and tips.

Figure 5.2.3.1: App - Cable Cam Settings

Camera Cable

Always ensure that there is a clear path between points A and B before 

starting Cable Cam.
29

5.3 Orbit

Use Orbit to fly Solo along a preset circle while fixing the camera on a central target. 

5.3.1 Starting Orbit

Select Orbit from the Shot List. The app will display the currently set radius of the orbit and show the location of the 

subject on the map. Fly Solo to correct the subject’s position on the map if necessary then press A on the controller 

to lock onto the subject. The app will display a Subject Locked confirmation once the orbit subject is set. To adjust 

the position of the subject during Orbit, move the center point on the map.

Figure 5.3.1.1: App - Orbit Setup

5.3.2 Orbit Operation

Tap the left and right arrows to fly Solo along the Orbit path. The default cruise speed for Orbit is 2.2 mph (1 m/s).

Figure 5.3.2.1: App - Orbit Controls

To control Orbit using the controller, move the right stick left and right to fly Solo along the Orbit path. Move the 

right stick up to reduce the radius of the orbit and move Solo closer to the subject; move the right stick down to 

increase the radius and move Solo away from the subject. 

Move the left stick left and right to temporarily override the camera’s lock on the subject and look left and right. 

Move the left stick up and down to adjust Solo’s altitude. Use the paddle on the top of the controller to raise and 

lower the altitude of the target. Press Pause at any time to stop Solo; press Fly to exit to standard flight.

Solo will orbit at a constant altitude relative to its launch point, 

not taking into account changes in ground level. Be aware of any 

elevations changes at your location that would affect Solo. Always 

ensure there is a clear path for Solo before starting Orbit.
30

Figure 5.3.2.2: Orbit Controls

5.3.3 Orbit Settings

Select the Orbit Settings Menu to adjust Solo’s default cruise speed in Orbit. 

Figure 5.3.3.1: App - Orbit Settings

5.4 Follow

Follow creates a virtual tether between Solo and your mobile device, allowing Solo to track you as you move. If 

the Follow subject is engaged in an activity that prevents them from using the controller, you are required to use a 

safety pilot during Follow. The subject will carry the mobile device and be followed by Solo, and the safety pilot will 

hold the controller and be ready to regain manual control at any time. 

Don’t allow more than 500 feet of distance between the controller and the mobile device; however, specific range 

limits depend on the device being used. If too much distance is allowed between the controller and the mobile 

device, the device could lose connection with the controller.

5.4.1 Follow Setup

To start Follow, select Follow from the Shot List in the app and navigate Solo to face the subject. Tap the 

instructional bar to begin following.

Figure 5.4.1.1: App - Follow Setup

Always ensure that there is a clear path for Solo during Follow. It 

will not avoid obstacles that come into the flight path as a result of 

following the subject. 

Orbit

Altitude Adjust radius

Camera

Subject altitude
31

5.4.2 Follow Operation

Once activated, Solo will automatically follow the mobile device wherever the subject carries it. In the app, the 

subject can press the left and right arrows to orbit Solo around them. On the controller, move the right stick up and 

down to adjust the following distance, and move the right stick left and right to orbit around the subject. Use the 

left stick to adjust Solo’s altitude during Follow and to override the camera tracking and temporarily pan the camera 

left and right. At any time during Follow, press Pause to stop Solo and the camera will continue to track the subject. 

Press Fly to return to standard flight.

Figure 5.4.2.1: Follow Controls

5.4.3 Follow Settings

Select the Settings menu to adjust the default cruise speed during Follow. Follow’s default cruise speed is set to 2.2 

mph (1 m/s).

Figure 5.4.3.1: App - Follow Settings

Orbit

Adjust following 

Altitude distance

Camera
32

6 Alerts

The following alerts will appear on the controller in the event of a preflight or in flight error. Always monitor the 

controller for alerts and perform the recommended actions.

6.1 Preflight Errors

Before starting the motors, Solo runs a series of automatic checks to ensure that the system is ready for flight. 

6.1.1 Calibration

The following errors indicate that a preflight check is in progress: altitude calibrating, calibrating solo, and calibrating 

compass. Please wait for the error to clear before continuing.

Figure 6.1.1.1: Controller - Calibration in Progress Alerts

If Solo is not placed on a level surface, you will receive the following alert to move Solo to a level surface for takeoff.

Figure 6.1.1.2: Controller - Uneven Surface Alert 

If Solo requires manual calibration, the following alert messages show the displays for compass and level 

calibrations. Refer to Section 9.2 for compass and level calibration instructions.

Figure 6.1.1.3: Controller - Re-Calibration Required Alerts

In the case of a calibration or sensor error during startup, restart Solo to clear the following alerts.

PREARM SENSOR ERRORS

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Altitude calibrating

Please wait

Compass error

User asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Compass error

Please calibrate compass using

the 3DR Solo app

Level error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate

Alert persists until:

User complete calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo 

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Level error Please calibrate level 

using the 3DR Solo app

Sensor error screen

For sensor errors requiring user-initiated restart

Sensor error

Please try and restart Solo

Battery unknown

Displayed if Artoo is powered on with a battery has an 

ID resistor unknown to Artoo. (Not logged in current software version’s index.)

HAPTIC: Strong feedback, 40 millisecond pulse

After Solo is disconnected, Artoo should display “waiting for Solo”

Unknown battery

Battery % not be accurate

?

Dismiss

Control sticl error

Persists until:

Controller starts with stick values in range. 

Control stick error

Contact 3DR customer support

ARMING ALERTS

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Calibration error Please restart Solo

Compass error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (system then continues sensor check)

User powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Calibrating compass Please wait

Level error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate

Alert persists until:

User complete calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo 

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Uneven surface Move Solo to a level surface

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Calibrating Solo Please wait

Compass error

User asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Throttle too high

This flight mode requires low 

throttle before starting motors

Catch-All

Remaining rare but problematic APM errors

will be captured under a catch-all for

logging trouble tickets

Service required

Use 3DR Solo app to log a trouble 

ticket with customer support

ARMING ALERTS

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Calibration error Please restart Solo

Compass error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (system then continues sensor 

User powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Calibrating compass Please wait

Level error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate

Alert persists until:

User complete calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor chec

Powers off controller, or Solo 

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Uneven surface Move Solo to a level surface

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Calibrating Solo Please wait

Compass error

User asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor che

Powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Throttle too high

This flight mode requires low 

throttle before starting motors

Catch-All

Remaining rare but problematic APM errors

will be captured under a catch-all for

logging trouble tickets

Service required

Use 3DR Solo app to log a trouble 

ticket with customer support

PREARM SENSOR ERRORS

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Altitude calibrating

Please wait

Compass error

User asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Compass error

Please calibrate compass using

the 3DR Solo app

Level error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate

Alert persists until:

User complete calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo 

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Level error Please calibrate level 

using the 3DR Solo app

Sensor error screen

For sensor errors requiring user-initiated restart

Sensor error

Please try and restart Solo

PREARM SENSOR ERRORS

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Altitude calibrating

Please wait

Compass error

User asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Compass error

Please calibrate compass using

the 3DR Solo app

Level error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate

Alert persists until:

User complete calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo 

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Level error Please calibrate level 

using the 3DR Solo app

Sensor error screen

For sensor errors requiring user-initiated restart

Sensor error

Please try and restart Solo

Control sticl error

Persists until:

Controller starts with stick values in range. 

Control stick error

Contact 3DR customer support

ARMING ALERTS

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Calibration error Please restart Solo

Compass error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (system then continues sensor check)

User powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Calibrating compass Please wait

Level error

User is asked to use Solo app to calibrate

Alert persists until:

User complete calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo 

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Uneven surface Move Solo to a level surface

Altitude calibration

System self-calibrates altitude after altitude disparity

Alert persists until:

System self-calibrates (sys then continues sensor check) 

Timeout: after 1 minute (?) (results in “sensor error” screen)

Calibrating Solo Please wait

Compass error

User asked to use Solo app to calibrate.

Alert persists until:

User completes calibration using the app (sys then continues sensor check)

Powers off controller, or Solo

Controller auto-shutdown

Note: Artoo will not assume the same error is present on 

restart, and will run a fresh check when connected to Solo.

Throttle too high

This flight mode requires low 

throttle before starting motors

Catch-All

Remaining rare but problematic APM errors

will be captured under a catch-all for

logging trouble tickets

Service required

Use 3DR Solo app to log a trouble 

ticket with customer support
33

Figure 6.1.1.4: Controller - Calibration Error Alert

6.1.2 Service Alerts

The following alerts indicate a system error that requires service. Use the app to submit a trouble ticket with 3DR 

Support or contact an authorized Solo Service Center to service Solo and clear the alert. A control stick error can 

occur either in flight or before takeoff. If the control stick error is received in flight, Solo will return home and land. 

Figure 6.1.2.1: Controller - Service Alerts

6.2 In-Flight Errors

During flight, the controller monitors Solo’s GPS signal, controller signal, flight battery level, and controller battery 

level.

6.2.1 Altitude Limit

If Solo reaches the altitude limit during flight, it will maintain and not exceed that altitude and the controller will 

display the following alert. 

Figure 6.2.1.1: Controller - Altitude Limit Alert

6.2.2 App Connection

The controller will display the following banner-style alerts in the event that the Solo app is connected to or 

disconnected from Solo. We recommend having an active connection to the Solo app at all times during flight. Refer 

to Section 2.6 for connecting to Solo Wi-Fi with the app. Solo will not return home if the connection to the app in 

lost during flight.

Service required

Use 3DR Solo app to log a trouble 

ticket with customer support

Control stick error

Contact 3DR customer support

Control stick error Solo will return home

Maximum altitude Preset max altitude reached

Calibration error Please restart Solo

Sensor error

Please try and restart Solo
34

Figure 6.2.2.1: Controller - App Connection Alerts

6.2.3 Controller Signal Alerts

Flying behind solid objects, like buildings and trees, blocks communication signals between Solo and the controller. 

Always maintain visual contact with Solo to ensure that the signal is unobstructed. Cell phone towers and nearby 

Wi-Fi signals can cause interference with the communication system and decrease its range. Avoid flying in 

populated areas to avoid sources of interference.

If the controller becomes unpaired from Solo during flight, the controller will display the following alert and Solo will 

Return Home. See Section 9.3 for pairing instructions.

Figure 6.2.3.1: Controller - Controller Disconnected Alert

If the signal between Solo and the controller is lost during flight, the controller will display the controller signal lost 

alert and Solo will Return Home. If signal is recovered while returning home, the controller will display the signal 

recovered alert and provide the option to regain manual control by pressing the Fly button.

Figure 6.2.3.2: Controller - Controller Signal Alerts

6.2.4 GPS Signal Alerts

If GPS is lost during flight, Solo will switch into Fly:Manual. In the event of a loss of GPS, we recommend landing 

Solo and waiting to acquire GPS lock before taking off again.

In Fly:Manual, Solo uses the same joystick controls as in standard flight (displayed as “Fly”), but it does not include 

any GPS positioning. Therefore, in Fly:Manual, Solo will not hold its position when the right stick is released, and 

you must maintain close control over roll, pitch, and yaw. Without GPS, Pause, Return Home, and Smart Shots are 

not available. During Land, Solo will not be able to maintain position due to the lack of GPS positioning and will drift 

according to wind and other environmental conditions. If another alert occurs while Solo is in Fly:Manual, Solo will 

not be able to Return Home and will instead initiate a non-positioned landing at the current location. 

If GPS is recovered in flight, Solo will switch from Fly:Manual to standard flight (Fly), and GPS positioning will 

activate. The following displays show (from left to right) the GPS lost alert, Solo in Fly:Manual, and GPS recovered 

alert. Always choose a location with a clear view of the sky to improve GPS signal strength.

324FT

84FT

HOME

48%

FLIGHT BATTERY

ALTITUDE

FLY 12

3DR Solo app connected

324FT

84FT

HOME

48%

FLIGHT BATTERY

ALTITUDE

FLY 12

3DR Solo app disconnected

324FT

84FT

HOME

48%

FLIGHT BATTERY

ALTITUDE

Disconnected 12

Disconnected from Solo

Controller signal lost Solo will return home

Signal recovered
35

Figure 6.2.4.1: Controller - GPS Signal Alerts

6.2.5 Flight Battery Alerts

The controller monitors the Solo battery during flight and provides alerts when the battery reaches critical levels. At 

25% and 10% power remaining, the controller will provide a land-soon alert recommending that you end your flight 

to prevent an automatic landing.

Figure 6.2.5.1: Controller - Low Battery Alerts

If the battery reaches 5%, Solo will Return Home to prevent a crash. After landing, turn off Solo immediately; if the 

battery level reaches 0% at any time, irreversible damage will occur and the battery should be recycled.

Figure 6.2.5.2: Controller - Critical Battery Alert

6.2.6 Controller Battery Alerts

When the controller battery reaches 10% of its remaining charge, the controller will display an alert to notify you to 

charge the controller at your next opportunity. At 5%, the controller will prompt you to end your flight and charge 

the controller. If the controller battery reaches a critical level in flight, Solo will Return Home. The following displays 

show (left to right) the 10%, 5%, and 0% alerts

Figure 6.2.6.1: Controller - Controller Battery Alerts

Cable Cam Orbit

324FT

84FT

HOME

48%

FLIGHT BATTERY

ALTITUDE

FLY:Manual 6

GPS lost

Switching to manual control

charge soon Low controller battery

Dismiss

land soon

Controller Battery at 5%

(If GPS Lock is present)

In-flight: At 0%, Solo returns to home location 

Returning home

Controller battery at 0%
36

7 Advanced Settings

This section provides instructions for accessing and using Solo’s advanced features and settings.

7.1 Advanced Flight Modes

Are you a quadcopter pro? We designed Solo to be simple and reliable, but also really fun to fly. Solo includes five 

advanced flight modes: FLY:Manual, stabilize, acro, sport, and drift.

7.1.1 Fly:Manual

Fly:Manual mode is a version of standard flight without GPS lock. In Fly:Manual, the throttle stick controls altitude 

the same way as standard flight (Fly mode). However, Fly:Manual includes no GPS positioning so that, when 

you release the right stick, Solo will not hold its position; it will drift according to wind conditions and existing 

momentum. When flying in Fly:Manual, make constant adjustment to the right stick to control Solo’s position and 

use the left stick to maintain Solo’s orientation. 

7.1.2 Stabilize

Stabilize mode provides full manual control without autopilot assistance. In stabilize, the autopilot regulates Solo’s 

roll and pitch angles so that Solo returns to level when you release the right stick. The throttle stick controls power 

and acceleration directly; it does not correspond to altitude. Stabilize requires fine-tuned control of both the left and 

right sticks to fly Solo. Stabilize does not require GPS lock.

7.1.3 Drift

Drift modes requires GPS lock and provides a plane-like flying experience. Drift is ideal for navigating Solo using 

the video feed. This is known as first-person view (FPV) and provides an immersive flying experience. In drift, Solo 

combines roll, pitch, and yaw onto the controller’s right stick. To navigate Solo in drift, move the right stick to initiate 

a coordinated turn in that direction. Releasing the right stick will cause Solo to drift to a stop over a two-second 

period. Solo does not automatically control altitude in drift, and will require constant adjustments to the throttle stick 

when flying in drift.

7.1.4 Acro

Acro is the most advanced of Solo’s flight modes. It provides unrestricted control over Solo’s roll and pitch angles. 

Acro is intended for performing aerial acrobatics, flips, and maneuvers requiring extreme angles. There is no altitude 

or position assistance in acro, so be prepared to make constant adjustment to both sticks. Acro is a copter-frame 

oriented mode, meaning that, in acro, Solo will always respond to controls relative to its own orientation. Acro does 

not require GPS lock.

Advanced flight modes are for experienced operators only. Do not 

attempt to fly in any advanced modes unless you are comfortable 

flying multicopters without positioning and altitude assistance. 

Do not fly in acro unless you are an extremely experienced operator. 

Without the proper skills, crashes in acro are highly likely.
37

7.1.5 Sport

Sport mode in a modified version of acro that includes altitude assistance and earth-frame orientation. With 

altitude assistance, the throttle stick behaves the same in sport as it does in standard flight (Fly mode). Earth-frame 

orientation differs from copter-frame orientation in that the direction of yaw rotation is in relation to the earth instead 

of in relation to the copter itself. For example, if Solo is pitched forward in sport mode and left yaw is applied, 

Solo will maintain the same pitch angle and rotate around the vertical axis. As opposed to in acro’s copter-frame 

orientation, in which, in the same situation, Solo will perform a cartwheel. Sport does not require GPS lock.

7.2 Enabling Advanced Flight Modes

To unlock Solo’s advanced flight modes, use the app to select Advanced Settings from the Settings menu. Toggle 

the Enable Advanced Flight Modes option to gain access to Solo’s advanced modes.

Figure 7.2.5.1: App - Advanced Settings

7.3 Accessing Advanced Flight Modes

Once enabled, advanced flight modes can be accessed only be assigning them to the controller’s A and B buttons 

using the app. In the app, select Preset A or Preset B from the Solo menu. (The app must be connected to Solo to 

apply button assignments.) Once assigned, use the controller to activate advanced modes during flight.

Figure 7.3.5.1: App - A and B Presets

7.4 Home Position Safety

Fly:Manual, stabilize, acro, and sport modes do not require GPS lock. To take off without GPS lock, Solo must be 

set to one of these modes. Without an active GPS signal, Return Home, Pause, and Smart Shots will be disabled. 

If you choose to take off without GPS lock, Solo will not save a home position at the launch point. If Solo acquires 

GPS lock mid-flight, the autopilot will save a home position at that location. To prevent a potentially unsafe situation, 

do not use Return Home if Solo did not acquire GPS prior to takeoff.

If Solo did not acquire GPS lock prior to takeoff, do not use Return 

Home.
38

7.5 Performance Adjustment

The Solo app includes options to adjust Solo’s performance to suit your flying style. To access the performance 

sliders, select Performance from the Solo menu. The flight slider controls how fast Solo flies and how responsive 

it is to controls. The camera pan slider regulates the speed that Solo rotates. Move the slider towards the turtle for 

slower, more cushioned movement, or move the slider towards the rabbit for faster, more responsive movement.

Figure 7.5.5.1: App - Performance Sliders

7.6 Units

To change the units in the Solo app from imperial to metric, select Units from the Settings menu.

Figure 7.6.5.1: App - Change Units

7.7 Maximum Altitude Adjustment

To adjust the altitude limit, select Altitude Limit from the Solo menu. If you choose to select No limit, ensure that you 

always operate Solo within your visual line of sight and in compliance with local regulations.

Figure 7.7.5.1: App - Altitude Limit
39

8 Support

3DR Support is here to help you get the most out of Solo. If you have any questions, please contact us at 

support@3dr.com or give us a call at 1 (855) 982-2898 (toll free in the US and Canada) or direct at +1 (858) 225-

1414. To submit a support request through our website, visit 3dr.com/support.

Use the Solo app to submit a trouble ticket and your flight logs will automatically be sent to 3DR Support. To submit 

a support request within the Solo app, select Support from the main menu, and select Log Trouble Ticket.

Figure 8.7.5.1: App - Submit Trouble Ticket

9 Maintenance

This section covers basic operational maintenance procedures for Solo. For repairs not covered in this manual, 

contact 3DR Support or an authorized Solo Service Center.

Solo’s exterior components are designed to absorb impact from hard landings and protect the core electronics. 

If damage is sustained to Solo’s legs or motors, replace them with official 3DR parts from store.3dr.com or an 

authorized retailer. 3DR offers an extended controller battery upgrade with double the capacity so you can fly more 

between charges. Before opening the battery bay or performing any maintenance on Solo, always ensure that Solo 

is powered off with the battery removed. 

9.1 Controller Battery Replacement

To replace the controller battery, open the battery door on the back of the controller. Remove the foam block and 

disconnect the battery from the port in the side of the battery compartment. To install a battery, connect the battery 

to the controller, and, for standard-size controller batteries, use the foam block to pad the empty space in the 

compartment. See Section 3.11 for information on safely storing spare controller batteries.

Figure 9.1.5.1: Controller Battery Installation
40

9.2 Calibrations

Use the Solo app to perform compass and level calibrations when prompted by the controller. Remove Solo’s 

propellers before performing calibrations. 

9.2.1 Compass Calibration

To calibrate Solo’s compass, connect the app to Solo Wi-Fi and select Compass Calibration from the Solo menu. 

Ensure that Solo and the controller are powered on with the propellers removed. Solo requires an interference-free 

environment for compass calibration, so ensure that you are away from metal buildings, reinforced concrete, or 

other metal structures before starting calibration.

Figure 9.2.1.1: App - Compass Calibration Setup

The app will prompt you to rotate Solo end-over-end multiple times until the bar at the top of the screen is 

completely green. If the calibration fails, move to a different location and try again.

Figure 9.2.1.2: App - Compass Calibration Procedure

9.2.2 Level Calibration

A level calibration zeroes Solo’s accelerometers to recognize static states. To perform a level calibration, remove 

the propellers from Solo and connect the app to Solo Wi-Fi. Select Level Calibration from the Solo menu, and follow 

the prompts to place Solo perfectly still on each side in turn. In each step, wait a few seconds after moving Solo to 

press Next.

Figure 9.2.2.1: App - Level Calibration
41

9.3 Pairing

To pair a controller with Solo, power both the controller and Solo. Power off any other Solos or controllers in the 

vicinity. Once powered, use a paper clip to press the pair button on the underside of Solo to activate pairing mode. 

Figure 9.3.2.1: Solo Pair Button

The controller will automatically detect Solo and prompt you to pair. This can take up to 3 minutes. Hold the A and B 

buttons on the controller to start pairing. To cancel pairing, press B.

Figure 9.3.2.2: Controller Pairing Procedure

detected new Solo

Hold + to pair to cancel
42

9.4 Legs

Solo uses three unique types of legs: 2 legs with an antenna module (#1 and #2), a leg without any electronic 

components (leg #3), and a leg with a compass module (leg #4). Replacements for all types of leg can be purchased 

from store.3dr.com or an authorized retailer.

Figure 9.4.2.1: Leg Types

9.4.1 Leg #3

To replace a standard leg, use a #2 Phillips screwdriver to remove the two screws, detach the old leg, and attach 

the new leg using the provided screws. 

Figure 9.4.1.1: Standard Leg Replacement Process

9.4.2 Legs #1 and #2 with Antennas

To replace a leg with an antenna module where the antenna is physically undamaged, you’ll need to remove the 

antenna from the old leg before replacing it.

To detach the antenna, remove the plastic sheet from the leg (1) and detach the antenna from the Velcro by carefully 

pulling the cable (2). Follow the standard leg replacement procedure to detach the old leg (3).

1

Compass

Antenna

Antenna

Standard
43

Figure 9.4.2.1: Detaching the Antenna from the Leg

Attach the new leg by threading the antenna cable through the notch in the top of the leg (1) and securing the leg 

using the provide screws (2).

Figure 9.4.2.2: Attaching a New Leg with an Existing Antenna

To secure the antenna to the new leg, use the provided Velcro to attach only the yellow-backed Velcro strip to the 

Velcro on the antenna. Then remove the backing and attach the Velcro and antenna to the inside of the leg, placing 

the tip of the antenna 5 mm from the edge of the rubber foot (1) as shown below. Fold the ends of a provided 

plastic sheet at right angles (2), remove the adhesive backing, and stick the plastic sheet to the leg so it secures the 

antenna in place (3).

Figure 9.4.2.3: Attaching an Existing Antenna to a New Leg

3

2 1

1

2

3

2

1

5 mm between 

antenna and foot
44

9.4.3 Leg #4 with Compass

Solo’s right-rear leg (#4) contains the compass module. Start by detaching the leg from the arm as you would a 

standard leg, but the leg will not be removable until you disconnect the compass from Solo. To access the compass 

connector, you’ll need to remove the battery tray from Solo. See Section 9.5 for battery tray removal instructions. 

With the battery tray removed, locate the compass connector in the corner of the board closest to the leg being 

replaced. Disconnect the compass connector from the board by holding down the tab on the far side of the 

connector and lifting up the connector. Since the space between the arm and the connector is limited, it may help to 

use a screwdriver to press the tab.

Figure 9.4.3.1: Compass Connector on Mainboard

With the compass disconnected, remove the old leg and cable from Solo. Place the new leg into position and thread 

the new compass cable through the arm where it can connect to the board. Connect the compass connector in the 

same place as the old compass.

Figure 9.4.3.2: Insert New Leg with Compass

Secure the new leg in place and replace the battery tray.
45

9.5 Battery Tray

The battery tray holds the battery and GPS in place, and allows you to access the main electronics bay. This section 

covers how to remove to tray to access the interior of Solo.

9.5.1 GPS Cover

The GPS cover is the flat, black end cap in front of the battery tray. To remove it, use a small, flat prying tool to 

loosen the four clips along the back edge of the cover.

Figure 9.5.1.1: GPS Cover Removal

9.5.2 Battery Tray Removal

To detach the battery tray and access Solo’s main electronics bay, use a small Philips screwdriver to remove the 7 

screws securing the battery tray to Solo. 

Figure 9.5.2.1: Battery Tray Removal

The battery tray will still be connected to Solo via the GPS cable, so carefully lift out the tray just enough to access 

the board beneath. 

Figure 9.5.2.2: Battery Tray Detachment

GPS connector
46

9.6 Motors

Replacement motors are available as clockwise and counterclockwise Motor Pods. Use a counterclockwise Motor 

Pod to replace motors #1 and #2, and use a clockwise Motor Pod to replace motors #3 and #4. Replace motor pods 

every 150 hours of flight or when they can no longer turn smoothly.

To replace a Motor Pod, first, use a small, flat prying tool to remove the LED cover form the underside of the arm.

Figure 9.6.2.1: LED Cover Removal

Use a #2 Phillips screwdriver to remove the four screws securing the pod to the arm.

Figure 9.6.2.2: Motor Pod Removal

Disconnect the wide beige connector, the red wire and the black wire to remove the old motor pod. To remove the 

wide beige connector (DF13), carefully lift the edges of the connector away from the pod until they pop out, then 

remove the connector. Don’t pull on the wires! The connector can break easily if force is used to remove it.
47

Figure 9.6.2.3: Motor Pod Disconnection

Connect the 3 cables from the arm to the new motor pod. Tuck the cables inside the arm and set the new pod into 

place. 

Figure 9.6.2.4: Motor Pod Connection

Turn over Solo and secure the new motor pod into place using the 4 provided screws. Do not reuse the screws from 

the old Motor Pod. Finally, snap the LED cover back into place.

Figure 9.6.2.5: Motor Pod and LED Cover Attachment

1

2
48

9.7 Factory Reset

Contact customer support before performing a Factory Reset. This 

procedure can cause irreparable damage to Solo. 

Performing a factory reset restores Solo and the controller to their state prior to the first flight update. Use a factory 

reset if you forget your Solo Wi-Fi password or need to restore Solo’s factory settings.

9.7.1 Controller

To reset the controller, start with the controller powered off. Hold the power and Fly buttons simultaneously until 

you see the controller-updating display (Figure 2.6.4.7). The controller will restart, taking up to 5 minutes, then 

display the green checkmark and prompt you to press A to continue (Figure 2.6.4.9). When the reset procedures 

is complete, the controller will display the preflight-update display (Figure 2.6.4.1). Complete the update process 

described in Section 2.6.4 to prepare Solo for flight.

9.7.2 Solo

As part of the reset procedure for Solo, Solo will be un-paired from the controller. Start by powering off Solo. Use 

a paperclip or similar tool to press and hold Solo’s pair button (Figure 8.3.2.1) while powering on Solo. Release the 

pair button after you see the internal LED adjescent to the Pair button start rapidly flashing orange. This signals the 

factory reset procedure is now underway.

After a few minutes, Solo’s main LEDs will start flashing different colors in a rotating pattern as the reset nears 

completion. Once Solo emits an initialization tone, the factory reset is complete, and Solo is now ready to be paired 

with the controller; follow the instructions in Section 9.3 to pair Solo with the controller. If the rotating light pattern 

stops, but Solo doesn’t emit an initialization tone, power off and power on Solo and follow the pairing instructions in 

Section 9.3.
49

10 Appendix

10.1 Specifications

Solo is a quad-rotor aerial vehicle powered by the 3DR Pixhawk 2 autopilot system and APM:Copter flight control 

software. Solo communicates with the controller and Solo app over the 3DR Link secure Wi-Fi connection.

Autopilot: 3DR Pixhawk 2

Flight code: ArduPilot Copter

Control: 3DR Solo Controller

Wireless communication: 3DR Link 1.0

Frequency: 2.4 GHz

Height: 10 in. (25 cm)

Motor-to-motor dimension: 18 in. (26 cm)

Propulsion: 880 KV motors, two clockwise rotating motors and 

 two counterclockwise rotating motors

Propeller: 10 in. x 4.5 in. (25 cm x 11.4 cm)

Weight with battery: 3.3 lbs. (1.5 kg)

Controller battery life: 3 hours

Extended controller battery life: 6 hours

Controller battery: Li-ion 2600 mAh 7.2 Vdc (5200 mAh for extended battery)

Power: Electric (rechargeable lithium polymer battery)

Battery: Lithium polymer, 5200 mAh, 14.8 Vdc

Battery weight: 1 lb. (.5 kg)

Estimated flight time: 25 minutes*

Maximum altitude: 328 ft. (100 m)

Range: .5 miles** (.8 km)

Payload capacity: 1.1 lbs. (500 g)

Cruise speed: 5.7 mph (2.5 m/s)

Maximum speed: 55 mph (25.5 m/s)

Maximum climb rate: 11 mph (5.0 m/s)

Maximum descent rate: 5.5 mph (2.5 m/s)

Headwind limitation: 25 mph (11 m/s)

Crosswind limitation: 25 mph (11 m/s)

Camera: Streaming video compatible with GoPro® HERO 3, 3+ or 4

 Full compatibility with GoPro® HERO 3+ or 4

Solo app compatibility: iOS 8.0 or later / Android 4.3 or later

Operating temperature: 32° F - 113° F (0° C - 45° C)

Operating relative humidity: 0-85% RH

*Flight time varies with payload, wind conditions, elevation, temperature, humidity, flying style, 

and pilot skill. Listed flight time applies to elevations less than 2,000 ft above sea level.

**Range varies with location, antenna orientation, background noise and multi-path.
50

10.2 Warranty

3D Robotics warrants to the original retail purchaser of Solo (the “Product”) that at the time of purchase that this 

product is free from material defect in materials and workmanship. Should this Product fail during normal consumer 

usage and conditions due to defective material or workmanship within one year from the date of purchase, or such 

longer period as is required by applicable law (“Warranty Period”), such defect(s) will be repaired or replaced at 3D 

Robotics’ option, without charge for parts or labor directly related to the defect(s). The complete terms of the limited 

warranty applicable to Solo can be found at 3dr.com/terms. 

This Warranty extends only to consumers who purchase the product from a 3D Robotics authorized reseller 

and is not transferable or assignable. This Warranty does not apply to: (1) Product subjected to abnormal use or 

conditions, accident (including without limitation, collision, crash or fire), alteration, or improper repair; (2) damage 

from exposure to moisture or extreme environmental conditions; (3) damage from use with any accessory, software 

or other product not expressly authorized by 3D Robotics; (4) damage from external causes such as dirt, sand, 

battery leakage, blown fuse, or improper usage of any electrical source; (5) commercial use; or (6) use in violation of 

law or ordinances in effect in the jurisdiction in which the Product is used.

3D Robotics assumes no liability for any accident, injury, death, loss, or other claim related to or resulting from 

the use of this product. 3D Robotics makes no other warranties for Solo, and makes no warranties whatsoever 

for service, software, maintenance or support for non-3D Robotics branded products. Such products, service, 

software, maintenance or support is provided by 3D Robotics “As Is” and any third-party warranties, products, 

software, services, maintenance or support are provided by the original manufacturer or supplier, not by 3D 

Robotics. 

Software is subject to the separate software license agreement accompanying or made available to you in 

connection with the software. A portion of the software contains or consists of open-source software, which you 

may use under the terms and conditions of the specific license under which the open-source software is distributed. 

You agree that you will be bound by any and all such license agreements, and that your usage of this product 

indicates your acceptance of those agreements. Title to software remains with the applicable licensor(s). In no event 

will 3D Robotics be liable to you for damages, including any general, special, incidental or consequential damages 

arising out of the use or inability to use the software.

THE EXTENT OF 3D ROBOTICS’ LIABILITY UNDER THIS WARRANTY IS LIMITED TO THE REPAIR OR 

REPLACEMENT PROVIDED ABOVE AND, IN NO EVENT, SHALL ITS LIABILITY EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE 

PAID BY PURCHASER FOR THE PRODUCT.

10.3 Regulatory Compliance

10.3.1 U.S. - FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

3DR Solo FCC: 2ADYD-S111A

3DR Solo Controller FCC: 2ADYD-AT11A

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This 

device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including 

interference that may cause undesired operation. 

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by 3D Robotics could void the user’s authority to operate the 

equipment.

Radiation Exposure Statement:

The Solo system has been tested to ensure compliance with FCC-mandated limits for general population radio 

frequency (RF) exposure for an uncontrolled environment. These limits ensure that no harmful effects will result from 

operating Solo according to the standard operating procedures described in this manual. 
51

The body’s Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) for the Solo controller is 1.33 watts per kilogram (W/kg) in compliance 

with the FCC limit of 1.6 W/kg. To reduce exposure to RF energy, hold Solo at least 20 cm away from your body at 

all times during operation. Do not operate the Solo controller co-located or in conjunction with any other antenna or 

transmitter.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not 

cause harmful interference.

10.3.2 Canada - Industry Canada

3DR Solo IC: 12768A-S114A

Model number: S110A

3DR Solo Controller IC: 12768A-AT14A

Model number: AT10A

This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following 

two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, 

including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.

Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. 

L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) 

l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’en 

compromettre le fonctionnement.

IC Radiation Exposure Statement:

The Solo system has been tested to ensure compliance with IC-mandated limits for general population radio 

frequency (RF) exposure for an uncontrolled environment. These limits ensure that no harmful effects will result 

from operating Solo according to the standard operating procedures described in this manual. To reduce exposure 

to RF energy, hold Solo at least 20 cm away from your body at all times during operation. Do not operate the Solo 

controller co-located or in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Changes or modifications not expressly 

approved by 3D Robotics could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.