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NWRC Research Areas: Regulatory

Support Services-Product

Registration

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The APHIS Wildlife Services (WS) NWRC Registration Unit is responsible for providing

data and information to support regulatory approval of new or existing products
needed by WS Operations. These products allow the WS Program to more efficiently

address wildlife damage issues and protect agriculture, human health, and

endangered species or critical habitats. 

To meet this responsibility, the Registration Unit works closely with WS Operations,

NWRC scientists, and APHIS headquarters staff to ensure that APHIS's products,

regulatory studies, and other activities meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and USDA Center for Veterinary

Biologics (CVB) regulatory requirements. NWRC also works to develop new products

for vertebrate wildlife with private companies, universities, and other agency

collaborators.

APHIS currently holds federal pesticide registrations with the EPA for 12 active

ingredients formulated into 24 end-use products for vertebrates. The end-use

products meet the needs of bird management (two avicides), rodent management

(12 rodenticides and two fumigants), predator management for livestock protection

(two predacides and two fumigants), contraceptives for reproductive control (one for

prairie dogs, one for white-tailed deer and one for feral and wild horses and burros),

and a toxicant for managing brown treesnakes on Guam. These registrations include

three anticoagulant rodenticide products and two acute toxicant rodenticide

products registered for control or eradication of rodents on island. In addition, APHIS

has developed recommendations for several minimum risk pesticide active

ingredients that are exempt from EPA registration requirements: an egg oil

treatment, snake repellents, and a wetting agent for blackbirds and starlings.

Publications

Registration Publications

Vertebrate Control Products

TechNotes are available here in PDF format. When applying pesticides, follow all

directions found on the label on the pesticide product in use.

CONTRACEPTIVES
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH): Immunocontraceptive vaccines

(GonaCon) containing GnRH are registered for fertility control in white-tailed deer,

wild or feral horses and burros, and prairie dogs.

GonaCon — Deer; EPA Reg. No 56228-40

GonaCon — Equine; EPA Reg. No 56228-41

GonaCon — Prairie Dogs; EPA Reg. No 56228-64

RODENTICIDES AND FUMIGANTS

Brodifacoum: Two formulations of brodifacoum are available for eradicating and

controlling island rodents for conservation purposes. Brodifacoum-25D Conservation

is formulated for drier island environments and is available with or without a

bittering agent. Brodifacoum-25W Conservation is formulated to slow degradation

and is better suited for wetter and more humid island environments.

Brodifacoum-25W Conservation; EPA Reg. No 56228-36

Brodifacoum-25D Conservation; EPA Reg. No. 56228-37

Diphacinone: Diphacinone-50 Conservation is registered for eradicating and

controlling rodents on islands for conservation purposes. It is formulated to

withstand both wet and dry climates and is available with or without a green dye.

Diphacinone-50 Conservation; EPA Reg. No. 56228-35

Bromethalin: Two end-use products containing bromethalin, an all-weather block

and a place pack (containing pellets) are registered for eradicating and controlling

rodents on islands for conservation purposes. These products are currently

registered for use only on Wake Atoll, but may be used on additional islands under

supplemental labels, if approved by EPA. 
Bromethalin-100 Conservation Blocks; EPA Reg. No. 56228-65 

Bromethalin-100 Conservation Place Packs; EPA Reg. No. 56228-6

Strychnine: Strychnine is only registered for below-ground use to control damage

caused by pocket gophers.

Strychnine Milo — Burrow Builders; EPA Reg. No. 56228-11

Strychnine Oats — Burrow Builders; EPA Reg. No. 56228-12

Strychnine Milo — Hand Baiting; EPA Reg. No. 56228-19

Strychnine Oats — Hand Baiting; EPA Reg. No.56228-20

Zinc Phosphide: Zinc phosphide is used in rodenticide baits to control a variety of

rodent species, including rats, mice, voles, ground squirrels, and prairie dogs. 

Zinc Phosphide on Wheat; EPA Reg. No. 56228-3

Zinc Phosphide Concentrate; EPA Reg. No. 56228-6

Zinc Phosphide on Oats; EPA Reg. No. 56228-14

Carbon and Sodium Nitrate (Gas Cartridge): Gas cartridges are incendiary

devices designed to give off carbon monoxide when ignited. They are used to

fumigate burrows of woodchucks, yellowbellied marmots, ground squirrels, and

prairie dogs.

APHIS-Only Gas Cartridge; EPA Reg. No. 56228-2

Gas Cartridge; EPA Reg. No. 56228-61

AVICIDES 
DRC-1339: DRC-1339 is a slow-acting avicide registered for controlling blackbirds,

grackles, cowbirds, starlings, pigeons, collared doves, gulls, crows, magpies, and

ravens that damage agricultural crops, personal property or prey upon protected

species.

Compound DRC-1339 Concentrate - Livestock, Nest & Fodder Depredations;

EPA Reg. No. 56228-29

Compound DRC-1339 Concentrate – Bird Control; EPA Reg. No. 56228-63

Corn Oil: Corn oil can be applied to eggs of pest birds during the nesting season to

prevent hatching. Because nests are not destroyed and eggs are not removed,

nesting birds are encouraged to continue incubation, often well beyond the normal

time for hatching. This active ingredient is a minimum risk pesticide (MRP) exempt

from EPA registration requirements, but still may require state registration.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate: Sodium lauryl sulfate can be used as a wetting agent to

control blackbirds and starlings in roosts. This active ingredient is a minimum risk

pesticide and exempt from EPA registration requirements, but still may require state

registration. 

This Tech Note describes techniques to use this MRP for egg oiling/addling» Tech

Note (4.8 MB)

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate: Sodium lauryl sulfate can be used as a wetting agent to

control blackbirds and starlings in roosts. This active ingredient is a minimum risk

pesticide (MRP) and exempt from EPA registration requirements, but still may

require state registration. {Add line break and bullet here} 

This Tech Note describes techniques to use this MRP as a wetting agent:» Tech Note

PREDACIDES AND FUMIGANTS

Sodium Cyanide: The M-44 device containing sodium cyanide is registered for

control of coyotes, foxes, and feral dogs that prey on livestock, poultry, or federally

designated threatened or endangered species.
M-44 Cyanide Capsules; EPA Reg. No. 56228-15

Compound 1080 (Sodium Fluoroacetate): Compound 1080 for use only in the

livestock protection collar (LPC) for controlling coyotes preying on sheep and goats.

The LPC is a small rubber collar, worn by sheep or goats, which contains two small

reservoirs of the toxin. It is selective for individual problem animals, since it is only

administered when the coyote punctures the bladder during the act of biting the

throat of the collared animal.

Sodium Fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) Livestock Protection Collar; EPA Reg.

No. 56228-22

Carbon and Sodium Nitrate (Large Gas Cartridge): Large gas cartridges are

incendiary devices designed to give off carbon monoxide when ignited. They are

used to fumigate dens of coyotes, red foxes, and striped skunks. APHIS-Only Large

Gas Cartridge; EPA Reg. No. 56228-21 Large Gas Cartridge; EPA Reg. No. 56228-62

SNAKE TOXICANT AND REPELLENTS

Acetaminophen: Acetaminophen tablets are registered for use in mouse or other

small carrion baits to control brown treesnakes on Guam or the Northern Mariana

Islands.

Acetaminophen For Brown Treesnake Control; EPA Reg. No. 56228-34

Cinnamon oil, Clove Oil, and Eugenol: These active ingredients have proven to

be effective snake repellents and irritants to snakes when sprayed directly on the

animal. These active ingredients are minimum risk pesticides (MRP) and exempt

from EPA registration requirements, but still may require state registration. 

This Tech Note describes techniques to use these MRPs as snake repellents. » Tech

Note (1.09 MB)

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Contact Us

Product Registration

Emily Ruell, Registration Manager

Email: Emily.W.Ruell@usda.gov

Phone: 970-266-6161

Fax: 970-266-6157

Learn More

Learn More About Emily Ruell

National Wildlife Research Center

4101 LaPorte Avenue

Fort Collins, CO 80521

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Learn More About Emily Ruell