MATTHEW R. MCBRIDE, )

)

Plaintiff-Respondent, )

)

vs. ) No. SD35799

) Filed: November 14, 2019

FARM BUREAU TOWN & COUNTRY )

INSURANCE COMPANY OF MISSOURI, )

)

Defendant-Appellant. )

APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SCOTT COUNTY

Honorable David A. Dolan, Circuit Judge

REVERSED AND REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

Matthew R. McBride (“McBride”) brought a declaratory judgment action against Farm 

Bureau Town & Country Insurance Company of Missouri (“Farm Bureau”) seeking a judicial 

determination that McBride was an insured under his father’s uninsured motorist (“UM”) coverage 

pursuant to four policies from Farm Bureau, and that the UM coverages could be stacked. Both 
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parties filed cross motions for summary judgment, and the trial court granted summary judgment 

in favor of McBride and against Farm Bureau. In one point on appeal, Farm Bureau argues the 

trial court erred in that the applicable policy usage of the word “owned” was not ambiguous, UM 

coverage was therefore inapplicable, and the trial court erred in granting McBride’s motion and in 

denying Farm Bureau’s motion. Finding merit to Farm Bureau’s point, we reverse and remand 

with directions to enter judgment in favor of Farm Bureau in accord with this opinion.

Facts and Procedural History

We recite the record in accord with the operative uncontested facts from the summary 

judgment record, and view the reasonable inferences available therefrom in the light most 

favorable to Farm Bureau (i.e., the party against whom summary judgment was entered). See ITT 

Commercial Fin. Corp. v. Mid-America Marine Supply Corp., 854 S.W.2d 371, 376 (Mo. banc 

1993).

McBride lived with his father, Jeffrey McBride, in Benton, Missouri. Father is the named 

insured of a motor vehicle insurance policy (hereinafter “the Policy”), issued by Farm Bureau 

effective August 14, 2017 to February 14, 2018. The Policy covers four separate motor vehicles,

(a 2006 Dodge Ram Pickup, a 2014 Dodge Dart, a 2012 Nissan Sentra, and a 2005 Chrysler 300),

and each vehicle listed under the Policy has its own declarations page.

On or about August 25, 2017, Auston Colgan operated a Jeep that was involved in a motor 

vehicle crash. McBride was a passenger in the Jeep at the time of the crash, and sustained injuries 

resulting in medical expenses exceeding $116,000. At the time of the crash, Colgan’s Jeep was 

not covered by a policy of motor vehicle liability insurance.
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As relevant here, the Farm Bureau policies at issue recited as follows:

PART C—UNINSURED MOTOR VEHICLE COVERAGE

. . . .

Who is an Insured

. . . .

1. The first person listed as a Named Insured on the Automobile 

Declaration and/or the first person listed as Designated Representative

on the Automobile Declaration.

The summary judgment record reflects that “Jeffrey S McBride” is the first-named insured 

on the policies.

The “Who is an Insured” section for UM coverage continues as follows:

. . . .

3. The family members of the person(s) identified in 1. above except that 

any family member who owns or leases an auto is only considered to 

be an insured while occupying your auto, a temporary substitute 

auto, a newly acquired auto, or trailer attached to one of these autos[.]

McBride and his mother, Lisa McBride, were listed as co-owners on the title of another

automobile (a 1994 Ford Mustang) covered by another Farm Bureau policy. That policy is not at 

issue in this case. McBride filed for coverage under the Policy covering the other four automobiles, 

and Farm Bureau denied the claim.

On December 6, 2017, McBride filed suit for declaratory judgment of UM coverage 

benefits under his father’s Farm Bureau policies. After McBride and Farm Bureau filed competing 

motions for summary judgment, the trial court granted McBride’s motion, and denied Farm 

Bureau’s motion. In its findings, the trial court indicated that Farm Bureau’s use of the word 

“owns” in the policy is ambiguous, and that McBride was listed as a co-owner on the relevant title, 

and therefore “lacks the power to voluntarily destroy, encumber, sell, or otherwise dispose of the 

property as the consent and signature of the co-owner would be required[.]”
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The parties subsequently stipulated to damages in the amount of $200,000, rendering the 

trial court’s judgment final for purposes of appeal. This appeal followed.

In one point relied on, Farm Bureau argues the trial court erred in that the applicable policy 

usage of the word “owned” was not ambiguous, UM coverage was therefore inapplicable, and the 

trial court erred in granting McBride’s motion and in denying Farm Bureau’s motion.

Standard of Review1

“Appellate review of summary judgment is de novo.” Doe Run Resources Corporation 

v. American Guarantee & Liability Insurance, 531 S.W.3d 508, 511 (Mo. banc 2017). “Summary 

judgment is appropriate when there is no genuine dispute of material fact and the movant is entitled 

to judgment as a matter of law.” Id.

[The reviewing court] considers the record in the light most favorable to the party 

against whom judgment was entered, without deference to the trial court’s findings, 

and accords the non-movant the benefit of all reasonable inferences from the record. 

The interpretation of an insurance policy is a question of law that this Court also 

determines de novo. In construing the terms of the policy, this Court applies the 

meaning an ordinary person of average understanding would attach if purchasing 

insurance and resolves ambiguities in favor of the insured.

Dutton v. Am. Family Mut. Ins. Co., 454 S.W.3d 319, 321–22 (Mo. banc 2015) (internal quotation 

and citation omitted).

“The entire policy and not just isolated provisions must be considered. If the policy’s 

language is unambiguous, it must be enforced as written.” Floyd-Tunnell v. Shelter Mut. Ins. 

Co., 439 S.W.3d 215, 217 (Mo. banc 2014).

 1 At oral argument, both parties affirmed that the summary judgment record before this Court is sufficient for our 

instant treatment, the Policy is properly in the summary judgment record, and the sole issue for our review is the 

challenged exclusionary language in the Policy. We confine our treatment accordingly. 
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Analysis2

Farm Bureau argues that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment in favor of

McBride in that “Farm Bureau owed McBride no uninsured motorist coverage, in that Farm 

Bureau’s Policy clearly and unambiguously extended uninsured motorist coverage only to the 

insured’s family members who did not own or lease an automobile[.]” Farm Bureau suggests that 

“here, the undisputed facts demonstrate that McBride, while related to and residing with the named 

insured, owned an automobile, and therefore, was not entitled to uninsured motorist coverage 

under the Policy.” McBride concurs that “the parties are in agreement that the determinative issue 

on appeal is whether [McBride] is an insured for purposes of uninsured motorist (UM) coverage 

under his father’s policy with Farm Bureau.”

The trial court issued summary judgment in favor of McBride, and against Farm Bureau, 

on the basis that the Policy’s use of the word “owns” is ambiguous, in that McBride is listed as a 

co-owner on the relevant title, and therefore “lacks the power to voluntarily destroy, encumber, 

sell, or otherwise dispose of the property as the consent and signature of the co-owner would be 

required[.]”

In Lair v. American Family Mut. Ins. Co., 789 S.W.2d 30 (Mo. banc 1990), an insurance 

policy excluded coverage for any relative of the insured who “owns a car.” Our Supreme Court 

held that the policy presented no ambiguity, and that the son of the insured was excluded from 

coverage based on that language and son’s co-ownership of a car.

 2 McBride argues that we lack “jurisdiction,” in that Farm Bureau’s notice of appeal was untimely. We are not 

persuaded, and as such, we reject this argument and proceed to the merits. 
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After all briefs were filed in the instant appeal, Lair’s holding was reaffirmed by our 

Supreme Court in Seaton v. Shelter Mut. Ins. Co., 574 S.W.3d 245 (Mo. banc 2019).3

Based on Lair and Seaton, we are compelled to find that use of the word “owns” in the 

Farm Bureau policy is not ambiguous, and that McBride’s status as co-owner does not vitiate the 

exclusion from UM coverage for any family member who “owns” a car. The trial court’s findings 

to the contrary were in error and prejudicial. Farm Bureau’s Point I is granted. We reverse and 

remand with directions that the trial court enter judgment in favor of Farm Bureau in accord with 

this opinion.

WILLIAM W. FRANCIS, JR., J. - OPINION AUTHOR

GARY W. LYNCH, P.J. - CONCURS

NANCY STEFFEN RAHMEYER, J. - CONCURS

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 As our Supreme Court indicated in Seaton:

To “own” a motor vehicle the person only has to hold title to it and may do so in conjunction 

with other owners. Seaton admitted in her response to Shelter’s statement of uncontroverted 

material facts Decedent was listed as a title owner on the certificate of title to a motor vehicle.

Terms within an insurance policy do not become ambiguous merely due to the presence of an 

exclusion. Maxam v. Am. Family Mut. Ins. Co., 504 S.W.3d 124, 129 (Mo. App. W.D. 2016). The 

insurance policies’ plain language indicates UIM coverage will not be provided for a relative who 

owns a motor vehicle. Seaton admitted Decedent was an owner of a motor vehicle. Based upon the 

insurance policies’ plain language, it is clear Decedent did not meet the definition of a “relative” to 

receive UIM coverage because she owned a motor vehicle. See Lair v. Am. Family Mut. Ins. Co., 

789 S.W.2d 30, 32 (Mo. banc 1990) (excluding son from uninsured motorist coverage based 

upon the insurance policy excluding coverage from any relative who “owns a car” when son 

owned a car jointly with his father).

Seaton, 574 S.W.3d at 248 (emphasis added).