85836 Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 236 / Monday, December 11, 2023 / Rules and Regulations 

(2) Before using any approved AMOC, 

notify your appropriate principal inspector, 

or lacking a principal inspector, the manager 

of the local flight standards district office/ 

certificate holding district office. 

(l) Related Information 

For more information about this AD, 

contact Dan McCully, Aviation Safety 

Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 

410, Westbury, NY 11590; phone (303) 342– 

1080; email william.mccully@faa.gov. 

(m) Material Incorporated by Reference 

(1) The Director of the Federal Register 

approved the incorporation by reference of 

the service information listed in this 

paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR 

part 51. 

(2) You must use this service information 

as applicable to do the actions required by 

this AD, unless this AD specifies otherwise. 

(i) European Union Aviation Safety Agency 

(EASA) AD 2021–0290, dated December 23, 

2021; corrected December 23, 2021 (EASA 

AD 2021–0290). 

(ii) [Reserved] 

(3) For EASA AD 2021–0290, contact 

EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 

Cologne, Germany; telephone +49 221 8999 

000; email ADs@easa.europa.eu; internet 

easa.europa.eu. You may find the EASA 

material on the EASA website at 

ad.easa.europa.eu. 

(4) You may view this service information 

at the FAA, Office of the Regional Counsel, 

Southwest Region, 10101 Hillwood Pkwy., 

Room 6N–321, Fort Worth, TX 76177. For 

information on the availability of this 

material at the FAA, call (817) 222–5110. 

(5) You may view this material at the 

National Archives and Records 

Administration (NARA). For information on 

the availability of this material at NARA, 

email: fr.inspection@nara.gov, or go to: 

www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibrlocations.html. 

Issued on November 30, 2023. 

Victor Wicklund, 

Deputy Director, Compliance & Airworthiness 

Division, Aircraft Certification Service. 

[FR Doc. 2023–27111 Filed 12–8–23; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 39 

[Docket No. FAA–2023–1216; Project 

Identifier AD–2023–00502–E; Amendment 

39–22614; AD 2023–23–12] 

RIN 2120–AA64 

Airworthiness Directives; CFM 

International, S.A. Engines 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Final rule. 

SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new 

airworthiness directive (AD) for all CFM 

International, S.A. (CFM) Model LEAP– 

1B21, LEAP–1B23, LEAP–1B25, LEAP– 

1B27, LEAP–1B28, LEAP–1B28B1, 

LEAP–1B28B2, LEAP–1B28B2C, LEAP– 

1B28B3, LEAP–1B28BBJ1, and LEAP– 

1B28BBJ2 (LEAP–1B) engines. This AD 

was prompted by a manufacturer 

investigation that revealed that certain 

high-pressure turbine (HPT) rotor stage 

1 disks (HPT stage 1 disks) and a certain 

compressor rotor stages 6–10 spool were 

manufactured from material suspected 

to have reduced material properties due 

to iron inclusion. This AD requires 

replacing certain HPT stage 1 disks and 

a certain compressor rotor stages 6–10 

spool. The FAA is issuing this AD to 

address the unsafe condition on these 

products. 

DATES: This AD is effective January 16, 

2024. 

The Director of the Federal Register 

approved the incorporation by reference 

of a certain publication listed in this AD 

as of January 16, 2024. 

ADDRESSES: 

AD Docket: You may examine the AD 

docket at regulations.gov under Docket 

No. FAA–2023–1216; or in person at 

Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 

5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except 

Federal holidays. The AD docket 

contains this final rule, any comments 

received, and other information. The 

address for Docket Operations is U.S. 

Department of Transportation, Docket 

Operations, M–30, West Building 

Ground Floor, Room W12–140, 1200 

New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 

20590. 

Material Incorporated by Reference: 

• For service information identified 

in this final rule, contact CFM 

International, S.A., GE Aviation Fleet 

Support, 1 Neumann Way, M/D Room 

285, Cincinnati, OH 45215; phone: (877) 

432–3272; email: aviation.fleetsupport@

ge.com. 

• You may view this service 

information at the FAA, Airworthiness 

Products Section, Operational Safety 

Branch, 1200 District Avenue, 

Burlington, MA 01803. For information 

on the availability of this material at the 

FAA, call (817) 222–5110. It is also 

available at regulations.gov under 

Docket No. FAA–2023–1216. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Mehdi Lamnyi, Aviation Safety 

Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, 

Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: (781) 

238–7743; email: Mehdi.Lamnyi@

faa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Background 

The FAA issued a notice of proposed 

rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR 

part 39 by adding an AD that would 

apply to CFM International, S.A. (CFM) 

Model LEAP–1B21, LEAP–1B23, LEAP– 

1B25, LEAP–1B27, LEAP–1B28, LEAP– 

1B28B1, LEAP–1B28B2, LEAP– 

1B28B2C, LEAP–1B28B3, LEAP– 

1B28BBJ1, and LEAP–1B28BBJ2 

engines. The NPRM published in the 

Federal Register on July 24, 2023 (88 FR 

47404). The NPRM was prompted by a 

manufacturer investigation that detected 

iron inclusion in three non-LEAP–1B 

HPT rotor disks. Further investigation 

determined that the iron inclusion is 

attributed to deficiencies in the 

manufacturing process. The 

manufacturer also determined that 

certain LEAP–1B HPT stage 1 disks and 

a certain compressor rotor stages 6–10 

spool manufactured using the same 

process may have reduced material 

properties and a lower fatigue life 

capability due to iron inclusion, which 

may cause premature fracture and 

subsequent uncontained failure of 

certain HPT stage 1 disks and a certain 

compressor rotor stages 6–10 spool. 

In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to 

require replacement of certain HPT 

stage 1 disks and a certain compressor 

rotor stages 6–10 spool and also prohibit 

installation of an HPT stage 1 disk or 

compressor rotor stages 6–10 spool that 

has a part number and serial number 

identified in the service information 

onto any engine. The FAA is issuing 

this AD to address the unsafe condition 

on these products. 

Discussion of Final Airworthiness 

Directive 

The FAA received comments from 

five commenters. Commenters included 

CFM International, United Air Lines 

(United), The Boeing Company (Boeing), 

Air Line Pilots Association, 

International (ALPA) and Lynx Air 

(Lynx). United, Boeing, and ALPA 

supported the NPRM without change. 

The following presents the comments 

received on the NPRM from CFM and 

Lynx and the FAA’s response to each 

comment. 

Request To Update Service Information 

CFM advised that updated service 

information for replacement of the HPT 

Stage 1 disks and high-pressure 

compressor (HPC) Stage 6–10 spool has 

been published. This updated service 

information provides certain 

corrections, identifies Required by 

Compliance annotations, and updated 

cost information to adequately address 

this unsafe condition. CFM recommends 

the latest revision to be utilized in this 

final rule. 

The FAA agrees with CFM’s 

recommendation to utilize the updated 


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Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 236 / Monday, December 11, 2023 / Rules and Regulations 85837 

service information and has updated 

this final rule to reflect the service 

information that is to be incorporated by 

reference in this final rule. 

Request To Issue Separate AD Actions 

Lynx stated that the reference of HPC 

Stage 6–10 spool should be removed 

from the manufacturer service 

information; and additional removal 

instruction should be provided to 

address the unsafe condition as it 

pertains to this affected part. Lynx 

pointed out that issuing a single AD 

addressing HPC Stage 6–10 spools and 

HPT Stage 1 disks, could cause a certain 

level of uncertainty when maintaining 

maintenance records and incorporating 

these applicable engines into the 

operator’s maintenance programs. Lynx 

suggested separate ADs should be 

issued to minimize the risk of confusion 

as it pertains to ensuring this unsafe 

condition has been addressed on these 

engines. 

The FAA disagrees with the request to 

require the manufacturer to revise their 

service information and issue separate 

ADs for each affected part. Since the 

applicability, unsafe condition, required 

action, and corrective action, are 

consistent among the affected parts and 

the FAA has determined that the 

content of the service bulletin addresses 

the unsafe condition, there is no need 

for separate service bulletins or separate 

ADs. 

Conclusion 

The FAA reviewed the relevant data, 

considered the comments received, and 

determined that air safety requires 

adopting this AD as proposed. 

Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD 

to address the unsafe condition on these 

products. Except for any changes 

described previously, this AD is 

adopted as proposed in the NPRM. 

None of the changes will increase the 

economic burden on any operator. 

Related Service Information Under 1 

CFR Part 51 

The FAA reviewed CFM Service 

Bulletin LEAP–1B–72–00–0392–01A– 

930A–D, Issue 002, dated September 5, 

2023. This service information identifies 

the part numbers and serial numbers of 

HPT stage 1 disks and a compressor 

rotor stages 6–10 spool with potentially 

reduced material properties and 

specifies procedures for replacement of 

these parts. This service information is 

reasonably available because the 

interested parties have access to it 

through their normal course of business 

or by the means identified in ADDRESSES

section. 

Costs of Compliance 

The FAA estimates that this AD 

affects 39 engines installed on airplanes 

of U.S. registry. These 39 engines 

require replacement of the HPT stage 1 

disk. The FAA estimates that there are 

no engines installed on airplanes of U.S. 

registry that require replacement of the 

compressor rotor stages 6–10 spool. 

The FAA estimates the following 

costs to comply with this AD: 

ESTIMATED COSTS

Action Labor cost Parts cost Cost per 

product 

Cost on U.S. 

operators 

Replace HPT stage 1 disk ......................... 8 work-hours × $85 per hour = $680 ........ $215,635 (pro-rated) $216,315 $8,436,285 

Replace compressor rotor stages 6–10 

spool.

8 work-hours × $85 per hour = $680 ........ $37,660 (pro-rated) 38,340 0 

Authority for This Rulemaking 

Title 49 of the United States Code 

specifies the FAA’s authority to issue 

rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, 

section 106, describes the authority of 

the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: 

Aviation Programs, describes in more 

detail the scope of the Agency’s 

authority. 

The FAA is issuing this rulemaking 

under the authority described in 

Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 

44701: General requirements. Under 

that section, Congress charges the FAA 

with promoting safe flight of civil 

aircraft in air commerce by prescribing 

regulations for practices, methods, and 

procedures the Administrator finds 

necessary for safety in air commerce. 

This regulation is within the scope of 

that authority because it addresses an 

unsafe condition that is likely to exist or 

develop on products identified in this 

rulemaking action. 

Regulatory Findings 

This AD will not have federalism 

implications under Executive Order 

13132. This AD will not have a 

substantial direct effect on the States, on 

the relationship between the national 

government and the States, or on the 

distribution of power and 

responsibilities among the various 

levels of government. 

For the reasons discussed above, I 

certify that this AD: 

(1) Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory 

action’’ under Executive Order 12866, 

(2) Will not affect intrastate aviation 

in Alaska, and 

(3) Will not have a significant 

economic impact, positive or negative, 

on a substantial number of small entities 

under the criteria of the Regulatory 

Flexibility Act. 

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 

Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation 

safety, Incorporation by reference, 

Safety. 

The Amendment 

Accordingly, under the authority 

delegated to me by the Administrator, 

the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as 

follows: 

PART 39—AIRWORTHINESS 

DIRECTIVES 

■ 1. The authority citation for part 39 

continues to read as follows: 

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. 

§ 39.13 [Amended] 

■ 2. The FAA amends § 39.13 by adding 

the following new airworthiness 

directive: 

2023–23–12 CFM International, S.A.: 

Amendment 39–22614; Docket No. 

FAA–2023–1216; Project Identifier AD– 

2023–00502–E. 

(a) Effective Date 

This airworthiness directive (AD) is 

effective January 16, 2024. 

(b) Affected ADs 

None. 

(c) Applicability 

This AD applies to CFM International, S.A. 

(CFM) Model LEAP–1B21, LEAP–1B23, 

LEAP–1B25, LEAP–1B27, LEAP–1B28, 

LEAP–1B28B1, LEAP–1B28B2, LEAP– 

1B28B2C, LEAP–1B28B3, LEAP–1B28BBJ1, 

and LEAP–1B28BBJ2 engines. 


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85838 Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 236 / Monday, December 11, 2023 / Rules and Regulations 

(d) Subject 

Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) 

Code 7230, Turbine Engine Compressor 

Section; 7250, Turbine Section. 

(e) Unsafe Condition 

This AD was prompted by a manufacturer 

investigation that revealed that certain highpressure turbine (HPT) rotor stage 1 disks 

(HPT stage 1 disks) and a certain compressor 

rotor stages 6–10 spool were manufactured 

from material suspected to have reduced 

material properties due to iron inclusion. The 

FAA is issuing this AD to prevent fracture 

and subsequent uncontained failure of 

certain HPT stage 1 disks and a certain 

compressor rotor stages 6–10 spool. The 

unsafe condition, if not addressed, could 

result in uncontained debris release, damage 

to the engine, and damage to the aircraft. 

(f) Compliance 

Comply with this AD within the 

compliance times specified, unless already 

done. 

(g) Required Actions 

(1) For engines with an installed HPT stage 

1 disk having a part number (P/N) and serial 

number (S/N) identified in Compliance, 

paragraph 3.E., Tables 1 through 2, of CFM 

Service Bulletin (SB) LEAP–1B–72–00–0392– 

01A–930A–D, Issue 002, dated September 5, 

2023 (CFM SB LEAP–1B–72–00–0392–01A– 

930A–D, Issue 2): At the next piece-part 

exposure of the HPT stage 1 disk, or before 

exceeding the applicable cycles since new 

(CSN) threshold identified in Compliance, 

paragraph 3.E., Tables 1 through 2, of CFM 

SB LEAP–1B–72–00–0392–01A–930A–D, 

Issue 2, whichever occurs first after the 

effective date of this AD; or if the applicable 

CSN threshold has been exceeded as of the 

effective date of this AD, within 50 flight 

cycles (FCs) from the effective date of this 

AD; remove the HPT stage 1 disk from 

service and replace with a part eligible for 

installation. 

(2) For engines with an installed 

compressor rotor stages 6–10 spool having a 

P/N and S/N identified in Compliance, 

paragraph 3.E., Table 3, of CFM SB LEAP– 

1B–72–00–0392–01A–930A–D, Issue 2: At 

the next piece-part exposure of the 

compressor rotor stages 6–10 spool, or before 

exceeding the applicable CSN threshold 

identified in Compliance, paragraph 3.E., 

Table 3, of CFM SB LEAP–1B–72–00–0392– 

01A–930A–D, Issue 2, whichever occurs first 

after the effective date of this AD; or if the 

applicable CSN threshold has been exceeded 

as of the effective date of this AD, within 50 

FCs from the effective date of this AD; 

remove the compressor rotor stages 6–10 

spool from service and replace with a part 

eligible for installation. 

(h) Definition 

For the purpose of this AD, a ‘‘part eligible 

for installation’’ is an HPT stage 1 disk or 

compressor rotor stages 6–10 spool that does 

not have a P/N and S/N identified in 

Compliance, paragraph 3.E., Tables 1 through 

3 of CFM SB LEAP–1B–72–00–0392–01A– 

930A–D, Issue 2. 

(i) Installation Prohibition 

After the effective date of this AD, do not 

install an HPT stage 1 disk or compressor 

rotor stages 6–10 spool that has a P/N and S/ 

N identified in Compliance, paragraph 3.E., 

Tables 1 through 3 of CFM SB LEAP–1B–72– 

00–0392–01A–930A–D, Issue 2 on any 

engine. 

(j) Credit for Previous Actions 

This paragraph provides credit for the 

actions required by paragraph (g) of this AD, 

if those actions were performed prior to the 

effective date of this AD by following the 

Accomplishment Instructions specified in 

CFM SB LEAP–1B–72–00–0392–01A–930A– 

D, Issue 001, dated March 7, 2023. 

(k) Alternative Methods of Compliance 

(AMOCs) 

(1) The Manager, AIR–520 Continued 

Operational Safety Branch, FAA, has the 

authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if 

requested using the procedures found in 14 

CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, 

send your request to your principal inspector 

or local Flight Standards District Office, as 

appropriate. If sending information directly 

to the manager of the AIR–520 Continued 

Operational Safety Branch, send it to the 

attention of the person identified in 

paragraph (l)(1) of this AD and email to: 

ANE-AD-AMOC@faa.gov. 

(2) Before using any approved AMOC, 

notify your appropriate principal inspector, 

or lacking a principal inspector, the manager 

of the local flight standards district office/ 

certificate holding district office. 

(l) Related Information 

(1) For more information about this AD, 

contact Mehdi Lamnyi, Aviation Safety 

Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, Des 

Moines, WA 98198; phone: (781) 238–7743; 

email: mehdi.lamnyi@faa.gov. 

(2) Service information identified in this 

AD that is not incorporated by reference is 

available at the addresses specified in 

paragraphs (m)(3) and (4) of this AD. 

(m) Material Incorporated by Reference 

(1) The Director of the Federal Register 

approved the incorporation by reference 

(IBR) of the service information listed in this 

paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR 

part 51. 

(2) You must use this service information 

as applicable to do the actions required by 

this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise. 

(i) CFM International, S.A. Service Bulletin 

LEAP–1B–72–00–0392–01A–930A–D, Issue 

002, dated September 5, 2023. 

(ii) [Reserved] 

(3) For service information identified in 

this AD, contact CFM International, S.A., GE 

Aviation Fleet Support, 1 Neumann Way, M/ 

D Room 285, Cincinnati, OH 45215; phone: 

(877) 432–3272; email: 

aviation.fleetsupport@ge.com. 

(4) You may view this service information 

at FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, 

Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District 

Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For 

information on the availability of this 

material at the FAA, call (817) 222–5110. 

(5) You may view this material at the 

National Archives and Records 

Administration (NARA). For information on 

the availability of this material at NARA, 

visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ 

ibr-locations or email fr.inspection@nara.gov. 

Issued on November 20, 2023. 

Ross Landes, 

Deputy Director for Regulatory Operations, 

Compliance & Airworthiness Division, 

Aircraft Certification Service. 

[FR Doc. 2023–27092 Filed 12–8–23; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

Office of Surface Mining Reclamation 

and Enforcement 

30 CFR Part 946 

[SATS No. VA–127–FOR; Docket ID: OSM– 

2015–0003; S1D1S SS08011000 SX064A000 

223S180110; S2D2S SS08011000 

SX064A000 22XS501520] 

Virginia Regulatory Program 

AGENCY: Office of Surface Mining 

Reclamation and Enforcement, Interior. 

ACTION: Final rule; approval of 

amendment with deferrals. 

SUMMARY: We, the Office of Surface 

Mining Reclamation and Enforcement 

(OSMRE), are approving, with two 

deferrals, an amendment to the Virginia 

regulatory program (the Virginia 

program) under the Surface Mining 

Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 

(SMCRA or the Act). This amendment 

includes revisions to Virginia’s statutes 

and/or coal mining regulations that: 

remove self-bonds from the types of 

performance bond instruments 

authorized; adjust the financing of its 

alternative bonding system (ABS), 

which is in the form of a bond pool; and 

revise proof of publication requirements 

involving permit applications and bond 

release applications. We are deferring 

our decision on the removal of a 

regulation requiring certain actions by 

self-bonded operators when a condition 

affects their financial status and the 

proposed monetary cap on Virginia’s 

pool bond fund. 

DATES: The effective date is January 10, 

2024. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. 

Michael Castle, Acting Field Office 

Director, Charleston Field Office. 

Telephone: (859) 260–3900, Email: osmchfo@osmre.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Background on the Virginia Program 

II. Submission of the Amendment 

III. OSMRE’s Findings 

IV. Summary and Disposition of Comments 

V. OSMRE’s Decision 


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