In the 

Missouri Court of Appeals 

Western District

STATE OF MISSOURI,

Respondent,

v.

NOAH ABRAM KELLIKER,

Appellant.

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WD82681

OPINION FILED: August 25, 2020

Appeal from the Circuit Court of Pettis County, Missouri

The Honorable Robert L. Koffman, Judge

Before Division Two: Mark D. Pfeiffer, Presiding Judge, Alok Ahuja, Judge and 

Gary D. Witt, Judge

Noah Kelliker ("Kelliker") was convicted in the Circuit Court of Pettis County after 

a jury trial of one count of felony murder in the second degree in violation of section 

565.021 ("Count I"); one count of unlawful use of a weapon in violation of section 571.030 

("Count II"); and one count of armed criminal action in violation of section 571.015 

("Count III").1 Kelliker was sentenced to life in the Missouri Department of Corrections 

on Count I, 15 years on Count II, and 15 years on Count III with all sentences running 

 

1 All statutory references are to the Revised Statutes of Missouri (2016), as updated through January 9, 

2018, unless otherwise specified.
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concurrently. On appeal, Kelliker asserts the evidence is insufficient to support his 

conviction under Count II, which was the predicate offense for both Counts I and III. 

Because there was sufficient evidence to support the jury's verdict that Kelliker was guilty 

of unlawful use of a weapon, we affirm.

Procedural and Factual Background2

Kelliker lived in Sedalia with his uncle, Carl Jones ("Jones"), in January 2018. 

While Kelliker was living with Jones, Jones overheard Kelliker talking on the phone about 

getting “easy money” from a man named Joe Nebergall ("Nebergall"), the victim's 

boyfriend. During a subsequent conversation between Jones and Kelliker, Kelliker stated 

that Nebergall was a "[drug] dealer or had money that that can be taken" and that it would 

be easy to steal from Nebergall. 

On the afternoon of January 9, 2018, Kelliker called his ex-girlfriend, Allison 

Wyrick ("Wyrick"). Kelliker told Wyrick that he was in Sedalia and wanted to see her. 

Wyrick drove to Sedalia and picked up Kelliker. After they talked for a while, Kelliker 

asked Wyrick to take him to a trailer park over by the movie theater and gave her directions. 

Upon arriving at the trailer park, Kelliker exited the vehicle, but Wyrick remained in the 

car and looked at her phone. While on her phone and "not really paying attention to what 

was happening," she heard two or three gunshots. Wyrick looked around for the source of 

the shots or anyone running away but did not see anything. Kelliker returned to the car 

and told her to leave. Wyrick asked Kelliker what he was doing, but Kelliker did not give 

 

2 This Court views the facts in the light most favorable to the underlying jury verdict. State v. Taylor, 134 

S.W.3d 21, 24 (Mo. banc 2004).
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an answer. He then asked her to take him to McDonald's where he ordered food. After

leaving McDonald's, she dropped Kelliker off in the same location where she had picked 

him up.

At 8:30 P.M. that same day, the Pettis County Sheriff’s Office received a report of

shots fired in the area of the Western View Estates Trailer Park ("Western View"). A 

Sheriff's Deputy drove around the area for several minutes but left because no one was in 

the area and nothing seemed out of the ordinary. Around 10:00 P.M. on the same night, 

dispatch received another call reporting that the caller returned home and found Cassandra 

White ("White") bleeding inside their mobile home at Lot 23 in Western View. While 

approaching Lot 23, a deputy observed that the front glass door was shattered and there 

was glass on the doorstep. The front door to Lot 23 was open, and Nebergall was just 

inside the doorway holding a towel to the back of White's head and said "she's bleeding."

The officer observed White also had a stomach wound. White did not have a pulse and 

was not breathing.

The officer performed CPR until paramedics arrived. White was pronounced dead 

at the scene. An autopsy revealed that White sustained three bullet wounds. One went 

through her left forearm, one passed through her lower abdomen on the left side of her 

body, and one entered the back of her head causing "catastrophic damage" to White's brain. 

White also had a "stippling" wound on her face indicating that another bullet was fired near 

her eye but narrowly missed her face. A bullet hole was found going through the blinds 

and window behind where White had been. The official cause of death was listed as the 

gunshot wound to White's head.
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Deputy Chancellor canvassed the area for witnesses, and no one identified seeing 

Kelliker at Western View. Two nine-millimeter shell casings were recovered near the 

entrance to White's mobile home. One casing was silver and the other was brass. In all, 

three bullet holes were found in the mobile home's front door, and a fourth bullet traveled 

through the mobile home's window and into a neighboring mobile home.

Kelliker moved out of Jones's home the day after the crime occurred. In the days 

following the shooting, the Pettis County Sheriff's Office received information regarding

an anonymous tip about a male that had been involved in a shooting in Sedalia, which 

included details of the murder that were not publicly available. That tip led them to 

Kelliker as a possible suspect and it was determined he was staying at the Master's Ranch 

("Ranch") in Oregon County. The Oregon County Sheriff’s Office took Kelliker into 

custody at the Ranch. 

Kelliker denied having a vehicle at the Ranch. An officer located a red vehicle with 

a flat tire in the parking lot at the Ranch, which was determined to belong to Kelliker. A

handgun was in plain view in the back seat of the car. The car was impounded, and during 

a search pursuant to a search warrant, the gun was seized. The gun was a Ruger 9 mm 

caliber (the same caliber used in the homicide) and the gun’s magazine had a capacity of 

seventeen bullets. The gun's magazine contained thirteen bullets consistent with four 

rounds being fired from it, and the bullets in the magazine alternated between brass-colored 

casings and silver-colored casings every other round. A Wal-Mart receipt was also 

recovered from the vehicle from a store located in Sedalia and dated a day or two before 
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the murder. Additional 9 mm ammunition, .223 rifle ammunition, marijuana, and digital 

scales were also found in the car. 

During an interview following his arrest, Kelliker stated that he knew something 

about the shooting but did not reveal any additional information. In a subsequent interview, 

Kelliker said that he did not remember anything from the night of the shooting because he 

had taken Xanax and had not eaten that day. Kelliker remembered being picked up by 

Wyrick and taken to a friend's house, then going to McDonald's, then returning to the 

friend's house at some point. When questioned about the possibility of him being at the 

trailer on the night of the shooting, Kelliker did not deny it. Kelliker also did not deny 

having a gun or being with Wyrick on the day of the shooting. Kelliker stated that he 

"spoke with [Wyrick]" and "whatever she said is what happened." Kelliker confirmed that 

he knew Nebergall.

Kelliker was charged with three offenses in connection with White's death. The 

jury found Kelliker guilty on all three counts, and the trial court sentenced Kelliker to 

incarceration for life on Count I, 15 years on Count II, and 15 years on Count III, and 

ordered the sentences to run concurrently. This timely appeal followed.

Standard of Review

When reviewing the sufficiency of evidence supporting a criminal 

conviction, the Court gives great deference to the trier of fact. Appellate 

review "is limited to a determination of whether there is sufficient evidence 

from which a reasonable juror might have found the defendant guilty beyond 

a reasonable doubt." In applying this standard, "the Court accepts as true all 

of the evidence favorable to the state, including all favorable inferences 

drawn from the evidence and disregards all evidence and inferences to the 

contrary."
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State v. Oliver, 293 S.W.3d 437, 444 (Mo. banc 2009).

Discussion

Kelliker raises one point on appeal arguing the trial court erred in denying his 

motion for judgment of acquittal at the close of all the evidence and in imposing sentence 

on Kelliker on Count II in that the evidence did not prove beyond a reasonable doubt that 

Kelliker committed the offense of unlawful use of a weapon. Kelliker further argues that 

because the offense of unlawful use of a weapon was the predicate offense for Counts I 

and III, his convictions under those Counts must also be reversed. We disagree.

Circumstantial evidence can meet the required burden of proof in a criminal trial. 

"If a jury is convinced beyond a reasonable doubt, so long as the evidence meets the 

minimal appellate standard required by due process, we need not disturb the result simply 

because the case depended wholly, mostly, or partially upon circumstantial proof." State 

v. Grim, 854 S.W.2d 403, 406 (Mo. banc 1993). For sufficiency of evidence in a 

circumstantial case, the relevant inquiry is not "whether the court believes that the evidence 

at trial established guilt beyond a reasonable doubt but rather a question of whether, in light 

of the evidence most favorable to the State, any rational fact-finder could have found the 

essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt." State v. Nash, 339 S.W.3d 

500, 509 (Mo. banc 2011). 

"[A]n inference is a conclusion drawn by reason from facts established by proof; a 

deduction or conclusion from facts or propositions known to be true." State v. Waller, 163 

S.W.3d 593, 595 (Mo App. W.D. 2005). Essentially, this Court will find that the evidence 

is sufficient if the inference that Kelliker committed Count II is reasonable and the 
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underlying facts that support the inference have been proven true. Conversely, the Court 

"will not supply missing evidence or give the State the benefit of unreasonable, speculative, 

or forced inferences." State v. Langdon, 110 S.W.3d 807, 811-12 (Mo. banc 2003). 

"A person commits the offense of unlawful use of weapons if he or she knowingly 

shoots a firearm at any building or habitable structure." Section 571.030.1(9). Kelliker 

does not challenge whether someone knowingly shot a firearm into a habitable structure. 

Kelliker asserts a reasonable juror could not find from the evidence that Kelliker was the 

person who actually shot into the mobile home. Specifically, Kelliker asserts that a 

reasonable juror could not make three necessary inferences which would be required to 

sustain a conviction based on the evidence: (1) that Kelliker was present at the scene of 

the crime; (2) that Kelliker fired a weapon at the scene; and (3) that the gun obtained from 

Kelliker's vehicle was the murder weapon; and therefore, the State did not meets its burden 

to establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt for Count II. 

We address each in turn. Kelliker first asserts that the State did not meet its burden 

of adducing sufficient evidence to permit a reasonable inference that Kelliker was at the 

scene of the crime. Kelliker argues that the evidence merely supports an inference that he 

was at a trailer park on the day that the shooting took place but not an inference that he was 

at Western View at the time of the murder. However, the evidence is clear that shortly 

before the murder, Kelliker was overheard on the phone discussing robbing Nebergall, who 

lived in the exact mobile home where the murder occurred. On the night of the murder, 

Wyrick drove Kelliker to a trailer park, and while she and Kelliker were there multiple 

gunshots were fired. The Pettis County Sheriff's Department received reports of multiple 
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gunshots being fired in that location on that same day at or near the same time. In addition, 

expended bullet casings found at the scene were both silver colored and brass colored, 

consistent with the unusual way the bullets were fed into the magazine of the gun found in 

Kelliker's automobile a few days after the shooting. From these facts alone, a juror could 

infer that Kelliker was present at Western View on the night of the murder .

The fact that Wyrick cannot verify exactly which trailer park she took Kelliker to 

does not make the inference mere supposition.3 In State v. Chaney, 967 S.W.2d 47, 54 

(Mo. banc 1998), the Court held that the State does not have to “disprove every reasonable 

hypothesis except that of guilt.” The State did not have the burden to disprove Kelliker 

had not been taken to every other trailer park in the surrounding area.

Kelliker next asserts that a reasonable juror could not infer that Kelliker fired a gun 

into the mobile home. In State v. Plopper, 489 S.W.3d 848, 850 (Mo. App. S.D. 2016), 

the defendant told the victim that there would be "violent consequences" if the victim did 

not change his testimony at an upcoming trial of the defendant's brother. Two days later, 

someone used an accelerant to set fire to the victim's vehicle. Id. A few hours later, officers 

found the defendant asleep or passed out in a truck outside of the victim's city with a nearly 

empty five gallon can of gasoline in the back of his truck. Id. When questioned, the 

defendant gave varying and inconsistent accounts of his whereabouts that day. Id. The 

court affirmed the defendant's conviction for tampering because a reasonable juror could 

 

3 A supposition is "a conjecture based on the possibility that a thing could have happened." State v. Putney. 

473 S.W.3d 210, 216 (Mo. App. E.D. 2015).
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have concluded from this circumstantial evidence that the defendant was the person who 

set fire to the victim's vehicle. Id.

Like the threatening statements in Plopper, Kelliker made comments indicating his 

intention to steal money from Nebergall, White's co-habitant. And, while Plopper had an 

empty gasoline can that could have contained the accelerant used to set the fire, Kelliker's 

vehicle contained a nine-millimeter handgun consistent with the weapon used in White's 

murder. The gun had 13 rounds in the magazine with a total capacity of 17, consistent with 

four rounds having been fired from that gun. The bullets in the magazine were stacked in 

an unusual way with bullets alternating between a bullet with a brass casing and then a 

bullet with a silver casing, consistent with the shell casings found at the crime scene. 

Kelliker further argues that "mere presence at the scene of a crime is not enough to 

show affirmative participation," State v. Dixson, 546 S.W.3d 615, 619 (Mo. App. E.D. 

2018), but Kelliker's presence at Western View is not the only evidence that demonstrates 

Kelliker's guilt. The day after the murder, Kelliker fled from Pettis County to Oregon 

County. See State v. Hosier, 454 S.W.3d 883, 895 (Mo. banc 2015) ("Evidence of flight is 

admissible to show consciousness of guilt."). Further, during his arrest, Kelliker lied to 

officers about owning a vehicle and his nine-millimeter handgun was later found in his 

vehicle in the parking lot of the place where he was staying. Like in Plopper, Kelliker 

provided varying and inconsistent accounts of what he did on the day of the murder during 

his interviews with law enforcement, including his statement that due to drug use and lack 

of food he had no recollection of the events of that day but officers could rely on what 

Wyrick told them. When taken together, these facts support an inference that Kelliker had 
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a consciousness of guilt, which supports an inference that Kelliker fired a weapon into the 

mobile home at Western View on the day of the murder. Therefore, a reasonable juror 

could infer that Kelliker was the individual who fired into the trailer. 

Finally, Kelliker argues a reasonable juror could not infer that the gun recovered 

from Kelliker's vehicle was the murder weapon asserting that the amount of time between 

the shooting and the gun’s recovery makes any inference that they are the same weapon 

more forced and speculative. Kelliker relies on State v. Allen, 536 S.W.3d 241, 247 (Mo. 

App. E.D. 2017), where the court held that it was impermissible to infer that a defendant 

had operated a stolen vehicle in Missouri even though the defendant had sole possession 

of the vehicle in Arkansas. A car was stolen from Perryville, Missouri in February 2014. 

Id. at 242. Five or six days later in Knobel, Arkansas, the defendant entered into an 

agreement with his neighbors to trade the stolen truck for the neighbors' Jeep. Id. A few 

days later, Arkansas law enforcement seized the stolen pickup from the defendant's 

neighbors, and the neighbors relayed that they received the stolen pickup from the 

defendant. Id. The defendant was arrested and charged in Missouri with first degree 

tampering. Id. at 243. The testimony indicated that the truck was stolen in Missouri, but 

no one could identify the person who stole it. Id. at 245. Other testimony and evidence 

explained the transactions that took place in Arkansas, but no evidence indicated that the 

defendant had been in Missouri between the time when the truck was stolen and when it 

was seized in Arkansas. Id. The court held that unexplained possession of recently stolen 

property raises a permissible inference of guilt in cases of burglary or stealing, but not in 
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cases of tampering. Id. at 246-47. Because the State could not establish that the defendant 

had stolen the truck in Missouri, the defendant's conviction was overturned.

The State did not have the burden to prove that the gun recovered from Kelliker's 

car was in fact the weapon used in this crime, however, a juror could infer that the weapon 

in Kelliker's possession was the murder weapon because the Ruger recovered from 

Kelliker’s vehicle was a nine-millimeter caliber, had only thirteen of a possible seventeen 

rounds in the magazine, and the magazine contained bullets loaded in an unusual fashion 

of alternating between silver and brass casings. When combined with the facts that a silver 

and brass shell casing were recovered from the scene and that four shots were fired during 

the commission of the offense, a reasonable juror could conclude that the gun recovered in 

Kelliker's car was the gun used to kill White. However, unlike in Allen, Kelliker's 

possession of the handgun is not the sole piece of evidence tying him to the crime. A few 

days before the crime, Kelliker was overheard speaking on the phone about robbing 

Nebergall, who lived in the mobile home where the crime occurred. As stated previously, 

Kelliker displayed consciousness of guilt by fleeing to another county and providing 

inconsistent accounts of his actions that day. He lied about owning a vehicle, when his car 

was in the parking lot where he was taken into custody and had the weapon in the back 

seat. Further, both Kelliker and Wyrick placed Kelliker in a trailer park in Sedalia on the 

day of and near the time of the crime where shots were fired.

Given the totality of the evidence, we conclude that a reasonable juror could find 

beyond a reasonable doubt that Kelliker did commit the offense of unlawful use of a 

weapon.
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Conclusion

We affirm Kelliker's convictions and sentences.

Gary D. Witt, Judge

All concur