<PAGE>
                                                                  Exhibit 3.2(a)

                                     BYLAWS

                                       OF

                                   ACTV, INC.

                     (HEREINAFTER CALLED THE "CORPORATION")



                                       I.

                                     OFFICES

         Section 1. REGISTERED OFFICE. The registered office of the Corporation
shall be in the City of Dover, County of Kent, State of Delaware.

         Section 2. OTHER OFFICES. The Corporation may also have offices at such
other places both within and without the State of Delaware as the Board of
Directors may from time to time determine.

                                       II.

                             MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

         Section 1. PLACE OF MEETINGS. Meetings of the stockholders for the
election of directors or for any other purpose shall be held at such time and
place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be designated
from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the
meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.

         Section 2. ANNUAL MEETINGS. Annual meetings of the stockholders shall
be held on such date and at such time as shall be designated from time to time
by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting, at which
meeting the stockholders shall elect by a plurality vote a Board of Directors,
and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.
Stockholders shall provide advance written notice of any proposal to nominate or
elect any member of the Board of Directors and/or any stockholder proposal to be
voted upon at any annual meeting of the stockholders. Such advance written
notice shall be provided to both the Chairman and the Secretary of the
Corporation not less than sixty (60) days prior to the first anniversary of the
Corporation's then immediately preceding annual meeting.

         Section 3. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the stockholders may
only be called by the Board of Directors or the Chairman of the Board. Notice of
any such special meeting shall be provided to the stockholders as set forth in
Section 4 below.

         Section 4. NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Written notice of the place, date, and
time of all meetings of the stockholders shall be given, not less than ten (10)
nor more than sixty (60) days before the date on which the meeting is to be
held, to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting, except as otherwise
provided herein or as required from time to time by the Delaware General
Corporation Law or the Certificate of Incorporation.


<PAGE>

         Section 5. QUORUM; ADJOURNMENT. At any meeting of the stockholders, the
holders of a majority of all of the shares of the stock entitled to vote at the
meeting, present in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for all
purposes, unless or except to the extent that the presence of a larger number
may be required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation. Where a separate
vote by a class, classes or series is required, a majority of the outstanding
shares of such class, classes or series, present in person or represented by
proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that
vote on that matter, unless or except to the extent that the presence of a
larger number may be required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation. If a
quorum shall fail to attend any meeting, the chairman of the meeting or the
holders of a majority of the shares of stock entitled to vote who are present,
in person or by proxy, may adjourn the meeting to another place, date, or time
without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be
present or represented.

         When a meeting is adjourned to another place, date or time, written
notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the place, date and time
thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken:
provided, however, that if the date of any adjourned meting is more than thirty
(30) days after the date for which the meeting was originally noticed, or if a
new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, written notice of the place,
date, and time of the adjourned meeting shall be given in conformity herewith.
At any adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted which might have been
transacted at the original meeting.

         Section 6. PROXIES AND VOTING. At any meeting of the stockholders,
every stockholder entitled to vote may vote in person or by proxy authorized by
an instrument in writing filed in accordance with the procedure established for
the meeting.

         Each stockholder shall have one vote for every share of stock entitled
to vote which is registered in his name on the record date for the meeting,
except as otherwise provided herein or required by law or the Certificate of
Incorporation.

         All voting, including on the election of directors but excepting where
otherwise provided herein or required by law or the Certificate of
Incorporation, may be by a voice vote: provided, however, that upon demand
therefor by a stockholder entitled to vote or such stockholder's proxy, a stock
vote shall be taken. Every stock vote shall be taken by ballots, each of which
shall state the name of the stockholder or proxy voting and such other
information as may be required under the procedure established for the meeting.
Every vote taken by ballots shall be counted by an inspector or inspectors
appointed by the Board of Directors.

         All elections of directors shall be determined by a plurality of the
votes cast, and except as otherwise required by law or the Certificate of
Incorporation, all other matters shall be determined by a majority of the votes
cast.

          Section 7. STOCK LIST. A complete list of stockholders entitled to
vote at any meeting of stockholders, arranged in alphabetical order for each
class of stock and showing the address of each such stockholder and the number
of shares registered in such stockholder's name, shall be open to the
examination of any such stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting,
during ordinary business hours for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to
the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held,
which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or if not so
specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held.

         The stock list shall also be kept at the place of the meeting during
the whole time thereof and shall be open to the examination of any such
stockholder who is present. This list shall presumptively determine the


<PAGE>

identity of the stockholder entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of
shares held by each of them.

         Section 8. ACTIONS BY STOCKHOLDERS. Unless otherwise provided in the
Certificate of Incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or
special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be
taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken
without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or
consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the
holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes
that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which
all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be
delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in this State,
its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation
having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are
recorded. Delivery to the Corporation's registered office shall be by hand or by
certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Prompt notice of the
taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written
consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.

                                      III.

                               BOARD OF DIRECTORS

         Section 1. DUTIES AND POWERS. The business of the Corporation shall be
managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors which may exercise
all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are
not by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws directed or
required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

         Section 2. NUMBER AND TERM OF OFFICE. The Board of Directors shall
consist initially of four (4) directors. The number of directors may be changed
from time to time by resolution duly adopted by the Board of Directors or the
stockholders, except as provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation. The
Board of Directors shall be divided into three classes, designated Class I,
Class II and Class III. Initially, Class I directors shall be elected for a
one-year term, Class II directors for a two-year term and Class III directors
for a three-year term. At any annual meeting of stockholders held after the
initial election of all Classes of directors, successors to the class of
directors whose term expires at that annual meeting shall be elected for a
three-year term. If the number of directors is changed, any increase or decrease
shall be apportioned among the classes so the number of directors in each class
is as nearly equal as possible, and any additional director of any class elected
to fill a vacancy in such class shall hold office for a term that shall coincide
with the remaining term of that class, but in no case will a decrease in the
number of directors shorten the term of any incumbent director. A director shall
hold office until the annual meeting for the year in which such director's term
expires and until such director's successor shall be elected and shall qualify,
subject, however to prior death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or
removal from office. Except as provided in Section 3 of this Article, directors
shall be elected by the holders of record of a plurality of the votes cast at
Annual Meetings of Stockholders. Any director may resign at any time upon
written notice to the Corporation. Directors need not be stockholders.

         Section 3. VACANCIES. Vacancies and newly created directorships
resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled
by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or
by a sole remaining director or by the stockholders entitled to vote at any
Annual or Special Meeting held in accordance with Article II, and the directors
so chosen shall hold office until the next Annual or Special Meeting duly called
for that purpose and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or
until their earlier resignation or removal.


<PAGE>


         Section 4. MEETINGS. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may hold
meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of
Delaware. The first meeting of each newly-elected Board of Directors shall be
held immediately following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders and no notice of
such meeting shall be necessary to be given the newly-elected directors in order
legally to constitute the meeting, provided a quorum shall be present. Regular
meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and
at such place as may from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors.
Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the
Board, the President or at least one-third of the directors then in office.
Notice thereof stating the place, date and hour of the meetings shall be given
to each director by mail, telephone or telegram not less than seventy-two (72)
hours before the date of the meeting. Meetings may be held at any time without
notice if all the directors are present or if all those not present waive such
notice in accordance with Section 2 of Article VI of these Bylaws.

         Section 5. QUORUM. Except as may be otherwise specifically provided by
law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, at all meetings of the
Board of Directors, a majority of the directors then in office shall constitute
a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the
directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of
the Board of Directors. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the
Board of Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from
time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a
quorum shall be present.

         Section 6. ACTION OF BOARD WITHOUT A MEETING. Unless otherwise provided
by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or
permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors of any committee
thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors
or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or
writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or
committee.

         Section 7. MEETINGS BY MEANS OF CONFERENCE TELEPHONE. Unless otherwise
provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, members of the
Board of Directors of the Corporation, or any committee designated by the Board
of Directors, may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such
committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment
by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other,
and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section 7 shall constitute
presence in person at such meeting.

         Section 8. COMMITTEES. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed
by a majority of the directors then in office, designate one or more committees,
each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation.
The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members
of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any
meeting of any such committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of
a committee, and in the absence of a designation by the Board of Directors of an
alternate member to replace the absent or disqualified member, the member or
members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether
or not such members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member
of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent
or disqualified member. Any committee, to the extent allowed by law and provided
in the Bylaw or resolution establishing such committee, shall have and may
exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the
management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the
seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. Each
committee shall keep regular minutes and report to the Board of Directors when
required.


<PAGE>

         Section 9. COMPENSATION. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate
of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the Board of Directors shall have the
authority to fix the compensation of directors. The directors may be paid their
expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and
may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors
or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from
serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation
therefor. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like
compensation for attending committee meetings.

         Section 10. REMOVAL. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation or Bylaws, any director or the entire Board of Directors may be
removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of shares entitled
to vote at an election of directors.

                                       IV.

                                    OFFICERS

          Section 1. GENERAL. The officers of the Corporation shall be appointed
by the Board of Directors and shall consist of a Chairman of the Board or a
President, or both, one or more Vice Presidents, a Treasurer, and a Secretary.
The Board of Directors may also choose one or more assistant secretaries and
assistant treasurers, and such other officers and agents as the Board of
Directors, in its discretion shall deem necessary or appropriate as designated
by the Board of Directors from time to time. Any number of offices may be held
by the same person, unless the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws
otherwise provide.

         Section 2. ELECTION; TERM OF OFFICE. The Board of Directors at its
first meeting held after each Annual Meeting of Stockholders shall elect a
Chairman of the Board or a President, or both, one or more Vice Presidents, a
Secretary and a Treasurer, and may also elect at that meeting or any other
meeting, such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary or
appropriate. Each officer of the Corporation shall exercise such powers and
perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of
Directors together with the powers and duties customarily exercised by such
officer; and each officer of the Corporation shall hold office until such
officer's successor is elected and qualified or until such officer's earlier
resignation or removal. Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice
to the Corporation. The Board of Directors may at any time, with or without
cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, remove
any officer.

         Section 3. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. The Chairman of the Board, if there
shall be such an officer, shall be the chief executive officer of the
Corporation. The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the
stockholders and the Board of Directors and shall have such other duties and
powers as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.

         Section 4. PRESIDENT. The President shall be the chief operating
officer of the Corporation, shall have general and active management of the
business of the Corporation and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the
Board of Directors are carried into effect. The President shall have and
exercise such further powers and duties as may be specifically delegated to or
vested in the President from time to time by these Bylaws or the Board of
Directors. In the absence of the Chairman of the Board or in the event of his
inability or refusal to act, or if the Board has not designated a Chairman, the
President shall perform the duties of the Chairman of the Board, and when so
acting, shall have all of the powers and be subject to all of the restrictions
upon the Chairman of the Board.


<PAGE>

         Section 5. VICE PRESIDENT. In the absence of the President or in the
event of his inability or refusal to act, the Vice President (or in the event
there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order
designated by the directors, or in the absence of any designation, then in the
order of their election) shall perform the duties of the President, and when so
acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon
the President. The vice presidents shall perform such other duties and have such
other powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time
prescribe.

         Section 6. SECRETARY. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the
Board of Directors and all meetings of stockholders and record all the
proceedings thereat in a book or books to be kept for that purpose; the
Secretary shall also perform like duties for the standing committees when
required. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings
of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall
perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the
President. If the Secretary shall be unable or shall refuse to cause to be given
notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of
Directors, and if there be no Assistant Secretary, then either the Board of
Directors or the President may choose another officer to cause such notice to be
given. The Secretary shall have custody of the seal of the Corporation and the
Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, if there be one, shall have authority to
affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be
attested by the signature of the Secretary or by the signature of any such
Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any
other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by
his or her signature. The Secretary shall see that all books, reports,
statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law to be
kept or filed are properly kept or filed, as the case may be.

         Section 7. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. Except as may be otherwise provided
in these Bylaws, Assistant Secretaries, if there by any, shall perform such
duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the
Board of Directors, the President, or the Secretary, and shall have the
authority to perform all functions of the Secretary, and when so acting, shall
have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the
Secretary.

         Section 8. TREASURER. The Treasurer shall have the custody of the
corporate funds and securities and shall keep complete and accurate accounts of
all receipts and disbursements of the Corporation, and shall deposit all monies
and other valuable effects of the Corporation in its name and to its credit in
such banks and other depositories as may be designated from time to time by the
Board of directors. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation,
taking proper vouchers and receipts for such disbursements, and shall render to
the Board of Directors, at its regular meetings, or when the Board of Directors
so requires, an account of all his or her transactions as Treasurer and of the
financial condition of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall, when and if
required by the Board of Directors, give and file with the Corporation a bond,
in such form and amount and with such surety or sureties as shall be
satisfactory to the Board of Directors, for the faithful performance of his or
her duties as Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have such other powers and perform
such other duties as the Board of Directors or the President shall from time to
time prescribe.

         Section 9. ASSISTANT TREASURERS. Except as may be otherwise provided in
these Bylaws, Assistant Treasurers, if there be any, shall perform such duties
and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board
of Directors, the President, or the Treasurer, and shall have the authority to
perform all functions of the Treasurer, and when so acting, shall have all the
powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the Treasurer.

         Section 10. OTHER OFFICERS. Such other officers as the Board of
Directors may choose shall perform


<PAGE>

such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by
the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may delegate to any other officer
of the Corporation the power to choose such other officers and to prescribe
their respective duties and powers.

                                       V.

                                      STOCK

         Section 1. FORM OF CERTIFICATES. Every holder of stock in the
Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed, in the name of the
Corporation (i) by the Chairman of the Board or the President or a Vice
President and (ii) by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary
or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares
owned by such holder in the Corporation.

         Section 2. SIGNATURES. Any or all the signatures on the certificate may
be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed
or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have
ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate
is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such
person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

         Section 3. LOST CERTIFICATES. The Board of Directors may direct a new
certificate to be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the
Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of
an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be
lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate, the
Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the
issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed
certificate, or such owner's legal representative, to advertise the same in such
manner as the Board of Directors shall require and/or to give the Corporation a
bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be
made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have
been lost, stolen or destroyed.

         Section 4. TRANSFERS. Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in
the manner prescribed by law and in these Bylaws. Transfers of stock shall be
made on the books of the Corporation only by the person named in the certificate
or by such person's attorney lawfully constituted in writing and upon the
surrender of the certificate therefor, which shall be cancelled before a new
certificate shall be issued.

         Section 5. RECORD DATE. In order that the Corporation may determine the
stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or
any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other
distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in
respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of
any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record
date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days
before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any
other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or
to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the
meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record
date for the adjourned meeting.

         Section 6. BENEFICIAL OWNERS. The Corporation shall be entitled to
recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner
of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable
for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of
shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or
interest in such share of shares on the part of any other


<PAGE>

person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as
otherwise provided by law.

         Section 7. VOTING SECURITIES OWNED BY THE CORPORATION. Powers of
attorney, proxies, waivers of notice of meeting, consents and other instruments
relating to securities owned by the Corporation may be executed in the name of
and on behalf of the Corporation by the Chairman of the board, the President,
any Vice President or the Secretary and any such officer may, in the name of and
on behalf of the Corporation, take all such action as any such officer may deem
advisable to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of security holders of
any corporation in which the Corporation may own securities and at any such
meeting shall possess and may exercise any and all rights and power incident to
the ownership of such securities and which, as the owner thereof, the
Corporation might have exercised and possessed if present. The Board of
Directors may, by resolution, from time to time confer like powers upon any
other person or persons.

                                       VI.

                                     NOTICES

         Section 1. NOTICES. Whenever written notice is required by law, the
certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, to be given to any director,
member of a committee or stockholder, such notice may be given by mail,
addressed to such director, member of a committee or stockholder, at such
person's address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage
thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when
the same shall be deposited in the United States mail. Written notice may also
be given personally or by telegram, telex or cable and such notice shall be
deemed to be given at the time of receipt thereof, if given personally at the
time of transmission thereof if given by telegram, telex or cable.

         Section 2. WAIVER OF NOTICE. Whenever any notice is required by law,
the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws to be given to any director,
member or a committee or stockholder, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the
person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time
stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.

                                      VII.

                               GENERAL PROVISIONS

         Section 1. DIVIDENDS. Dividends upon the capital stock of the
Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, if
any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting
or by any Committee of the Board of Directors having such authority at any
meeting thereof, and may be paid in cash, in property, in shares of the capital
stock or in any combination thereof. Before payment of any dividend, there may
be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such
sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its absolute
discretion, deems proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for
equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the
Corporation, or for any proper purpose, and the Board of Directors may modify or
abolish any such reserve.

         Section 2. DISBURSEMENTS. All notes, checks, drafts and orders for the
payment of money issued by the Corporation shall be signed in the name of the
Corporation by such officers or such other persons as the Board of Directors may
from time to time designate.

         Section 3. CORPORATION SEAL. The corporate seal, if the Corporation
shall have a corporate seal, shall


<PAGE>

have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization
and the words "Corporate Seal, Delaware." The seal may be used by causing it or
a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.

                                      VIII.

                    DIRECTOR'S LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION

         Section 1. DIRECTOR'S LIABILITY. No director of the Corporation shall
be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages
for any breach of fiduciary duty by such a director as a director.
Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, a director shall be liable to the extent
provided by applicable law (i) for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty
to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good
faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law,
(iii) pursuant to Section 174 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware, or (iv) for any transaction from which such director derived an
improper personal benefit. No amendment to or repeal of this Article shall apply
to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any director of
the Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such director
occurring prior to such amendment or repeal. If the Delaware General Corporation
Law is amended hereafter to further eliminate or limit the personal liability of
directors, the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be limited or
eliminated to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation
Law, as amended.

         Section 2. RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION. Each person who was or is made a
party to or is threatened to be made a party to or is involuntarily involved in
any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative (a "Proceeding"), by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a
director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of
the Corporation or is or was serving (during his or her tenure as director
and/or officer) at the requests of the Corporation as a director, officer,
employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture,
trust or other enterprise, whether the basis of such Proceeding is an alleged
action or inaction in an official capacity as a director or officer or in any
other capacity while serving as a director or officer, shall be indemnified and
held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the
Delaware General Corporation Law (or other applicable law), as the same exists
or may hereafter be amended, against all expense, liability and loss (including
attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts
paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person
in connection with such Proceeding. Such director or officer shall have the
right to be paid by the Corporation for expenses incurred in defending such
Proceeding in advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that, if the
Delaware General Corporation Law (or other applicable law) requires, the payment
of such expenses in advance of the final disposition of any such Proceeding
shall be made only upon receipt by the Corporation of an undertaking by or on
behalf of such director or officer to repay all amounts so advanced if it should
be determined ultimately that he or she is not entitled to be indemnified under
this Article or otherwise.

         Section 3. RIGHT OF CLAIMANT TO BRING SUIT. If a claim under paragraph
A of this Article is not paid in full by the Corporation within ninety (90) days
after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, the claimant may at
any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid
amount of the claim, together with interest thereon, and, if successful in whole
or in part, the claimant shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of
prosecuting such claim, including reasonable attorneys' fees incurred in
connection therewith. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an
action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending any
Proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking,
if any is required, has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has
not met the standards of conduct which make it


<PAGE>

permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law (or other applicable law)
for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the
burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure
of the Corporation (or of its full Board of Directors, its directors who are not
parties to the Proceeding with respect to which indemnification is claimed, its
stockholders, or independent legal counsel) to have made a determination prior
to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is
proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of
conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law (or other applicable
law), nor an actual determination by any such person or persons that such
claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to
such action or create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable
standard of conduct.

         Section 4. NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS. The rights conferred by this
Article shall not be exclusive of any other right which any director, officer,
representative, employee or other agent may have or hereafter acquire under the
Delaware General Corporation Law or any other statute, or any provision
contained in the Corporation's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, or any
agreement, or pursuant to a vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or
otherwise.

         Section 5. INSURANCE AND TRUST FUND. In furtherance and not in
limitation of the powers conferred by statute:

          (1) the Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of
any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the
Corporation, or is serving at the request of the Corporation as a director,
officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture,
trust or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against him and
incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such,
whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him against
such liability under the provisions of law; and

          (2) the Corporation may create a trust fund, grant a security interest
and/or use other means (including, without limitation, letters of credit, surety
bonds and/or other similar arrangements), as well as enter into contracts
providing indemnification to the fullest extent permitted by law and including
as part thereof provisions with respect to any or all of the foregoing, to
ensure the payment of such amount as may become necessary to effect
indemnification as provided therein, or elsewhere.

          Section 6. INDEMNIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS OF THE CORPORATION.
The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of
Directors, grant rights to indemnification, including the right to be paid by
the corporation the expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of
its final disposition, to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the
fullest extent of the provisions of this Section or otherwise with respect to
the indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the
Corporation.

          Section 7. AMENDMENT. This Article VIII is also contained in Articles
TENTH and TWELFTH of the Corporation's Certificate of Incorporation, and
accordingly, may be altered, amended or repealed only to the extent and at the
time the comparable Certificate Article is altered, amended or repealed if such
alteration, amendment or repeal would have the effect of reducing available
indemnification or advancement of expenses. Any repeal or modification of this
Article VIII having such effect shall not change the rights of an officer or
director to indemnification or advancement of expenses with respect to any
action or omission occurring prior to such repeal or modification. Consistent
with paragraph C of Article TWELFTH of the Corporation's Certificate of
Incorporation, nothing in this paragraph shall prohibit or restrict, through an
alteration or amendment of this


<PAGE>

Article VIII or otherwise, any provision which has the effect of expanding
available indemnification or advancement of expenses.

                                       IX.

                                   AMENDMENTS

         Except as otherwise specifically stated within an Article to be
altered, amended or repealed, these Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed
and new Bylaws may be adopted at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of the
stockholders, provided notice of the proposed change was given in the notice of
the meeting.

         The undersigned, as the incorporator of ACTV, Inc., hereby adopts the
foregoing Bylaws as the Bylaws of the Corporation.



THIS IS TO CERTIFY:

That I am the duly elected, qualified and acting Secretary of ACTV, Inc. and
that the foregoing Bylaws were adopted as the Bylaws of said Corporation as of
_______________, _____ by Unanimous Written Consent of the Board of Directors of
said Corporation.

Dated as of  ________________, ______


                                       ------------------------
                                       Day L. Patterson,
                                       Secretary