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Reportable Diseases in the United

States: 2018 Annual Report

Last Modified: 

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The following tables show the United States' status for animal diseases that are

reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) if they are confirmed

to be present in specific livestock, poultry, and aquaculture species. This information

is reported to WOAH every 6 months and is also presented on the international

WOAH website.                            

This is a summary of the report submitted to WOAH for the year indicated and not

meant to reflect current disease status. Please see Livestock and Poultry Disease for

more current information.

View 2018 Reportable Diseases Report

Terrestrial Animal Diseases

Diseases Associated With Multiple Species

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Anthrax Present Sporadic / limited distribution
Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Aujeszky’s disease Present

Sporadic / limited distribution in feral

and/or noncommercial production swine.

Noncommercial swine: swine managed

under biosecurity conditions that allow for

potential exposure to feral swine that may

be infected with swine diseases, such as

pseudorabies. National eradication

program. No commercial production swine

herd detections in 2018.

Bluetongue Present Sporadic

Brucellosis (Brucella abortus) Present

Sporadic / limited distribution. Disease is

limited to free-ranging bison (Bison bison)

and wapiti (Cervus canadensis) in the

Greater Yellowstone National Park

area/national eradication program.

Brucellosis (Brucella

melitensis)  Free 1999

Brucellosis (Brucella suis) Present

Sporadic / limited distribution in feral

and/or noncommercial production swine.

Noncommercial swine: swine managed

under biosecurity conditions that allow for

potential exposure to feral swine that may

be infected with swine diseases, such as

brucellosis. B. suis, biovar 4 is endemic in

wild caribou (Rangifer tarandus) herds in

Alaska, and biovar 1 is endemic in feral

swine in several States. National

eradication program. No commercial

production swine herd detections in 2018.

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic

fever Free Never occurred

Echinococcosis/hydatidosis (

Echinococcosis granulosus,

E. multilocularis)

Present? Suspected
Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Epizootic hemorrhagic

disease (EHD) Present Sporadic

Equine encephalomyelitis

(Eastern) Present Sporadic / limited distribution

Foot-and-mouth disease Free 1929

Heartwater Free Never occurred

Japanese encephalitis Free Never occurred

New world screwworm (NWS) Free

One event in 2017 limited to the Florida

Keys—infestation in Key Deer. There was

no NWS myiasis in any production

livestock. Eradicated in March 2017 using

sterile flies.

Old world screwworm Free Never occurred

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s

disease) Present Voluntary control program

Q fever Present Sporadic

Rabies Present

Rift Valley fever Free Never occurred

Rinderpest Free Never occurred

Surra (Trypanosoma evansi) Free Never occurred

Trichinellosis Present?   

Sporadic occurrence in backyard-raised

swine and wild species. No commercial

production swine herd detections in 2018.

Tularemia Present

(wild)

Sporadic in wild populations. Last domestic

detection was in 2009.

West Nile fever/encephalitis Present

See More See Less

Avian Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Avian chlamydiosis Present

Identified sporadically in wild birds, pet birds, and

backyard birds only. No commercial production flock

detections in 2018.
Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Avian infectious

bronchitis Present

Avian infectious

laryngotracheitis Present

Sporadically detected in poultry. Detections are

primarily vaccine-related.

Avian

mycoplasmosis (M.

gallisepticum)

Present

Sporadic occurrence. All commercial poultry breeding

flocks are under a surveillance program to confirm

infection-free status. Commercial table-egg laying

hens may be vaccinated. The “finch strain” of MG

occurs in wild passerine birds, primarily house

finches (Carpodacus mexicanus), in which it causes

conjunctivitis. This strain has been shown

experimentally to be nonpathogenic in chickens.

Avian

mycoplasmosis (M.

synoviae)

Present

Sporadic occurrence. All commercial poultry breeding

flocks are under a surveillance program to confirm

infection-free status.

Duck viral hepatitis Free 1998

Fowl typhoid (

Salmonella

gallinarum)

Free 1981

Highly pathogenic

avian influenza Present

Two events reported to the WOAH in 2017: (1) H7N9

in commercial chicken broiler-breeder flock, closed

August 2017; and (2) identification of H5N2 in a wild

mallard duck, closed March 2017.

Low pathogenic

avian influenza

(poultry) Notifiable

H5 and H7

Present

Identified sporadically in backyard poultry and in livebird-markets that serve local ethnic communities.

Low pathogenicity H5 was detected in a live-bird

market and low pathogenicity H5N2 was detected in

backyard poultry. No commercial production flock

infection was detected from July 2017 to December

2017.

Infectious bursal

disease (Gumboro

disease)

Present Sporadic
Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Newcastle disease

(Neurotropic and

viscerotropic strains)

Present

(wild)

Sporadic detections in wild birds. Domestic poultry

are considered free—last detection was in 2003.

Pullorum disease (

Salmonella pullorum) Present

Identified sporadically in backyard poultry. No

commercial production flock detections since 1991,

considered absent in them.

Turkey

rhinotracheitis Present

Type C is detected in poultry sporadically and with

limited distribution.    

See More See Less

Bee Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Acarapisosis of honey bees (Acarapis

woodi)

Present Sporadic / limited distribution

American foulbrood of honey bees (

Paenibacillus larvae)

Present

American foulbrood of honey bees (

Paenibacillus larvae)

European foulbrood of honey bees (

Melissococcus plutonius)

Present

Small hive beetle infestation (Aethina

tumida) Present

Tropilaelaps infestation of honey bees

(Tropilaelaps spp.) Free Never occurred

Varroosis of honey bees (Varroa spp.) Present

Varroosis of honey bees (Varroa

spp.)

See More See Less

Cattle Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Bovine anaplasmosis Present

Bovine babesiosis Free

Last occurrence on the U.S. mainland

was in 1943. Endemic in Territories of

Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Bovine genital

campylobacteriosis Present Sporadic

Bovine spongiform

encephalopathy (BSE)

WOAHNegligible

Risk status

One detection of atypical BSE reported

to WOAH in 2018. Atypical BSE is an

uncommon form of the agent not

generally associated with an animal

consuming infected feed.

Bovine tuberculosis Present

Sporadic / limited distribution / national

eradication program

Bovine viral diarrhea Present

Contagious bovine

pleuropneumonia (

Mycoplasma mycoides subsp.

mycoides SC)

Free 1892

Enzootic bovine leukosis Present

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (

Pasteurella multocida,

serotypes B/Asian or

E/African)

Absent 1969

Infectious bovine

rhinotracheitis / infectious

pustular vulvovaginitis

Present

Lumpy skin disease Free Never occurred

Theileriosis Free Never occurred

Trichomonosis Present

Trypanosomosis (tsetsetransmitted) Free Never occurred

See More See Less

Equine Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

African horse sickness Free Never occurred

Contagious equine metritis Free 2014
Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Dourine Free 1934

Equine encephalomyelitis

(Western) Present?

No equine detections reported the last 20

years

Equine infectious anemia Present

Sporadic / limited distribution / National

Control Program

Equine influenza Present Sporadic

Equine piroplasmosis  Present Sporadic / limited distribution

Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) Present

Equine viral arteritis Present Sporadic

Glanders Free 1942

Venezuelan equine

encephalomyelitis Free 1971

See More See Less

Lagomorph Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Myxomatosis Present Sporadic / limited distribution in wild rabbits

Rabbit hemorrhagic

disease Present

RHDV, RHDV2. Outbreaks of RHDV2 have occurred

since late 2018 in wild and domestic rabbits.

Sheep and Goat Diseases

Disease Status

Date of Last Occurrence /

Notes

Caprine arthritis/encephalitis Present

Contagious agalactia Present? Sporadic / limited distribution

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia Free Never occurred

Enzootic abortion of ewes (ovine

chlamydiosis, Chlamydophila abortus)

Present Sporadic

Maedi-visna Present Sporadic

Nairobi sheep diseases Free Never occurred

Ovine epididymitis (Brucella ovis) Present  Sporadic

Peste des petits ruminants Free Never occurred
Disease Status

Date of Last Occurrence /

Notes

Salmonellosis (S. abortus ovis) Present Sporadic / limited distribution

Scrapie Present

Sporadic occurrence. National

eradication program.

Sheep pox and goat pox Free Never occurred

See More See Less

Swine Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

African swine fever Free Never occurred

Classical swine fever (hog cholera) Free 1976

Nipah virus encephalitis Free Never occurred

Porcine cysticercosis Free 2004

Porcine reproductive and respiratory

syndrome Present

Porcine reproductive and respiratory

syndrome

Transmissible gastroenteritis Present

See More See Less

Other Listed Diseases

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Leishmaniosis Present  Sporadic occurrence in canines

Camelpox Free Never occurred

Aquatic Animal Diseases

Amphibian Diseases

Disease Status

Date of Last Occurrence /

Notes

Infection with Batrachochytrium

dendrobatidis Present
Disease Status

Date of Last Occurrence /

Notes

Infection with ranavirus Present

(wild)

Aquaculture Diseases: Crustaceans

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Acute hepatopancreatic

necrosis disease Present

 One event reported to WOAH in 2017,

resolved December 2017

Crayfish plague (

Aphanomyces astaci)

Absent

Infectious hypodermal

and haematopoietic

necrosis

Absent

Infectious myonecrosis Free Never occurred

Necrotising

hepatopancreatitis Free

Taura syndrome Free April 2007—Domestic

White spot disease Present?

(wild)

Suspected but not confirmed in wild

populations in limited geographical

regions/zones. Domestic populations

considered free, last detection was in 2012.

White tail disease Free Never occurred

Yellowhead disease Free Never occurred

See More See Less

Aquaculture Diseases: Fish

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Epizootic hematopoietic

necrosis (EHN) Free Never occurred

Infection with

Aphanomyces invadans

(Epizootic ulcerative

syndrome, EUS)

Present

(wild)

Sporadic occurrence / limited distribution in

wild populations. Absent in domestic

populations, last detection was in 2004. 
Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Gyrodactylosis (

Gyrodactylus salaries) Free Never occurred

Infectious hematopoietic

necrosis (IHN)

Present

(wild)

Sporadic occurrence / limited distribution in

wild populations. Free in domestic

populations, last detection was 2015.

Infectious salmon anemia,

ISA (HPR-deleted or HPR0)

Absent

HPRdeleted

Wild: ISAV HPR0 suspected

ISAV HPR0 detected through routine

surveillance in healthy fish, no detections of

ISAV HPR-deleted.

Koi herpesvirus disease

(KHV) Present

Red sea bream iridoviral

disease Free Never occurred

Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) Free Never occurred

Spring viremia of carp

(SVC)

Present?

(wild)

Suspected but not confirmed in wild

populations in limited geographical

regions/zones. Absent in domestic

populations, last detection was in 2004.

Viral hemorrhagic

septicaemia (VHS)

Present

(wild)

Sporadic / limited distribution in wild

populations. Absent in domestic populations,

last detection was in 2007.

See More See Less

Aquaculture Diseases: Molluscs

Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Infection with

abalone herpes

virus

Free Never occurred

Infection with

Bonamia exitiosus Present?

Identified sporadically in farmed molluscs exposed

to open water. There have been no detections in

farmed molluscs maintained in closed systems.
Disease Status Date of Last Occurrence / Notes

Infection with

Bonamia ostreae

Present?

(wild)

Suspected but not confirmed in wild populations in

limited geographical regions/zones. Free in

domestic populations, last detection was in 2006.

Infection with

Marteilia refringens Free Never occurred

Infection with

Perkinsus marinus Present Sporadic / limited distribution

Infection with

Perkinsus olseni Free Never occurred 

Infection with

Xenohaliotis

californiensis

Present Sporadic / limited distribution

See More See Less

Status of Animal Diseases in the United States of America

Present = occurrence of the disease reported 

Free = no occurrence in the United States of the WOAH-listed disease 

Present? = occurrence suspected but not confirmed 

Absent = disease absent during the reporting period/no detections reported 

Sporadic = occurring only occasionally 

Limited distribution = limited geographic distribution