# NYSRC

**RELIABILITY RULES**  For Planning And Operating the New York State Power System

Version 2 9 January 7

, 201 1

## NYSRC RELIABILITY RULES **For Planning and Operating the New York State Power System** 

**Version 2 9**  **January 7, 2011**



### New York State Reliability Council , L.L.C.

Initially Adopted : September 10, 1999NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 1 **NYSRC RELIABILITY RULES Table of Contents** 

I. INTRODUCTION

................................ ................................ ............................... 4
II. NYSRC RELIABILITY RU LES

................................ ................................ ....... 12
A. RESOURCE ADEQUACY

................................ ................................ .......... 13 A

- R1. NYCA Installed Reserve Margin Requirement

................................ . 13 A

- R2. Load Serving Entity Installed Capacity Requirements

....................... 14 A

- R3. External Installed Capacity

................................ ............................... 14 B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY

- PLANNING

................................ ......... 16
B

- R1. Thermal Assessment

................................ ................................ ......... 19 B

- R2. Voltage Assessment

................................ ................................ .......... 20 B

- R3. Stability A ssessment

................................ ................................ ......... 21
B

- R4. Extreme Contingency Assessment

................................ .................... 22 B

- R5. Restoration

................................ ................................ ....................... 23 B

- R6. List of NYS Bulk Power System Facilities

................................ ....... 23
B

- R7. Fault Current Assessment

................................ ................................ . 23 C. RESOURCE, System & DEMAND DATA REQUIREMENTS

................... 26 C

- R1. Verification Testing of Resource Capacity

................................ ........ 26 C

- R2. Generating Unit Availability

................................ ............................. 26 C

- R3. Load Forecasting

................................ ................................ .............. 27 C

- R4. System Data Requirements

................................ ............................... 27 C

- R5. Disturbance Recording

................................ ................................ ..... 27 D. OPERATING RESERVES

................................ ................................ .......... 33 D

- R1. Operating Resource Adequacy

................................ .......................... 33 D

- R2. Minimum Operating Reserve Requirement

................................ ....... 34
D

- R3. Availability and Category

................................ ................................ . 35
D

- R4. Restoration of Ten (10) Minute Reser ves

................................ .......... 36 E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY

- OPERATING

................................ ....... 37
E

- R1. Thermal Assessment

................................ ................................ ......... 39 E

- R2. Voltage Assessment

................................ ................................ .......... 41 E

- R3. Stability Assessment

................................ ................................ ......... 41
E

- R4. Post

- Contingency Operation

................................ ............................. 42 E

- R5. Outage Coordination

................................ ................................ ........ 43 E

- R6. Operation During Impending Severe Weather

................................ ... 44NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 2 E

- R7. Operation Durin g a Severe Solar Magnetic Disturbance

................... 44 E

- R8. Fault Current Assessment

................................ ................................ . 45
E

- R9. Applications of the NYSRC Reliability Rules

................................ ... 45
E

- R10. Exceptions to the NYSRC Reliabi lity Rules

................................ ..... 45 F. OPERATION DURING MAJOR EMERGENCIES

................................ ..... 49
F

- R1. Transmission Thermal Overloads

................................ ..................... 49 F

- R2. Post

- Contingency STE Rating Violations

................................ ......... 50
F

- R3. High or Low Voltage

................................ ................................ ........ 51
F

- R4. Post

- Contingency Voltage

................................ ................................ 52
F

- R5. Operating Reserve Deficiency

................................ .......................... 53
F

- R6. Stability Limit Violation

................................ ................................ ... 53
F

- R7. Low Frequency

................................ ................................ ................. 54
F

- R8. Load Shedding Allocation

................................ ................................ 55 G. SYSTEM RESTORATION

................................ ................................ .......... 57 G

- R1. NYCA System Restoration Plan

................................ ....................... 57 G

- R2. Sys tem Restoration Training and Simulation Programs

..................... 57 H. SYSTEM PROTECTION

................................ ................................ ............ 64
H

- R1. Bulk Power System Protection

................................ .......................... 64 H

- R2. Bulk Power System Protection Maintenance

................................ ..... 64 I. LOCAL RELIABILITY RU LES

................................ ................................ .. 66 I

- R1. Operating Reserves/Unit Commitment (New York City)

................. 66 I

- R2. Locational Reserves (New York City)

................................ .............. 66 I

- R3. Loss of Generator Gas Supply (New York City)

............................... 67
I

- R4. Thunderstorm Watch (New York City)

................................ ............. 67 I

- R5. Loss of Generator Gas Supply (Long Island)

................................ .... 67 J. NYISO CONTROL C ENTER COMMUNICATIONS

................................ . 70
J

- R1. NYISO/Market Participant Communications

................................ .... 70 J

- R2. NYISO Communications Under Emergency Conditions

.................. 70 K. RELIABILITY ASSESSME NT

................................ ................................ ... 72
K

- R1. NYISO Manuals

................................ ................................ ......... 73 K

- R2. Reliability Assessments

................................ .............................. 73 K

- R3. Extreme System Conditions Assessment

................................ ..... 73
III. N YSRC/NPCC/NERC RELIA BILITY RULE CROSS

- REFERENCE

............... 78
I V. GLOSSARY

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 80NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 3 A. GLOSSARY INDEX

................................ ................................ ................ 81
B. GLOSSARY

................................ ................................ ............................. 83
V. SYSTEM CONDITIONS FO R OPERATING STATES O F THE NYS BULK POWE R SYSTEM

................................ ................................ ............................. 92
VI. EXCEPTIONS TO RELIAB ILITY RULES

................................ ....................... 95
VII. NYSRC PROCEDURE FOR NEW YORK CONTROL ARE A TRANSMISSION REVIEWS

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 103
VIII. RULE REVISION LOG

................................ ................................ .................. 107

TABLES:
Table A Design Criteria Contingencies

................................ ..................... 18 Table B Extreme Contingencies

................................ ............................... 18NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 4 

### I. **INTRODUCTION**

**1. Foreword** 

This document contains the New York State Reliability Council
, L.L.C. * (“ NYSRC ”) Reliability Rules for Planning and Operating the New York State Power System (“ Reliability Rules”), and defines in terms of measurements, the required actions or system performance necessary to comply with the Reliability Rules. The New York Independent System Operator (“NYISO”) is required to comply with all of the Reliability
Rules . To the extent that Market Participant action is necessary to implement a Reliability Rule, a requirement for such action is included in
the NYISO procedures, which are binding on all Market Participants

.

**2. Background** 

The mission of the NYSRC is to promot e and preserve the reliability of the New York State Power System (“NYS Power System”) in the New York
Control Area (“NYCA”) . This mission includes developing, maintaining,
and from time

- to

- time, updating the Reliability Rules which shall be complied with by the NYISO and Market Participants . The NYSRC fulfills this mission through its focus on maintaining the reliability of the New York State Bulk Power System (“NYS Bulk Power System”).

The NYSRC

carries out its mission in accordance with the NYSRC and
N YISO/NYSRC Agreements. These agreements establish the responsibilities, duties, and the obligations of the NYSRC

.

The NYSRC’s mission also includes monitoring compliance by the NYISO with the Reliability Rules by working in consultation with the NYISO and to assure compliance, including when necessary, seeking compliance through the dispute resolution procedure contained in the NYISO/NYSRC

* All terms in italics within this document are defined in the Glossary in Part IV.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 5 Agreement, and taking such other actions which may be necessary to carry out the purpose of the NYSRC Agreement.

The NYSRC

carries out this mission with no intent to advantage or disadvantage any Market Participant’s commercial interest.

The NYSRC

Executive Committee directs all NYSRC activities. The
NYSRC Executive Committee is comprised of thirteen (13) members,

curre ntly consisting of one representative from each of the six Transmission Owners, one representative of the Wholesale Sellers, one representative of the Industrial and Large Commercial Consumers, one representative of the Municipal Electric Systems and Coope ratives, and four members with no affiliation with any Market Participant . Three subcommittees report to the NYSRC Executive Committee: The Reliability Rules Subcommittee develops and updates the Reliability Rules. The Reliability Compliance Monitoring Sub committee monitors NYISO compliance with the Reliability Rules. The Installed Capacity Subcommittee oversees the development and analysis of studies related to
the NYSRC’s adoption of the annual statewide installed capacity requirement (“ICR”) for the NYC A

.
The Reliability Rules, the NYSRC Agreement, the NYISO/NYSRC Agreement, and other NYSRC documents may be downloaded from the
NYSRC web site, http:// www.nysrc.org

.

**3. Reliability Rules Development** 

It is critical that t he NYISO and all Market Participants be advised of proposed changes to the Reliability Rules and that they be permitted to participate in the revisions to the Reliability Rules. For this purpose, the
NYSRC has established an open process through which comm ents and proposed Reliability Rule revisions from all Market Participants and the
NYISO will be considered. This open process is described in NYSRC Policy No. 1, “Procedure for Reviewing, Developing, Modifying, andNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 6 Disseminating NYSRC Reliability Rules.” T his procedure gives the
NYSRC the authority to develop or modify Reliability Rules on an expedited basis when conditions require such action.

The Reliability Rules define the reliability of the NYS Power System using the following two terms:

 **Adequacy**

– T he ability of the electric systems to supply the aggregate
electrical demand

and energy requirements of their customers at all times, taking into account scheduled and reasonably expected unscheduled outages of system element s.

 **Security**

– The ability of t he electric systems to withstand sudden
disturbance s such as electric short circuits or unanticipated loss of system element s.

**4. What the Reliability Rules Include** 

The Reliability Rules, in accordance with the NYSRC and NYISO/NYSRC Agreements, incorporate the following:

**a. North American Electric Reliability Council (“NERC”)** 
**Standards.**

**b. Northeast Power Coordinating Council (“NPCC”) Criteria,** 
**Guidelines and Procedures.** NPCC criteria may be more specific or stringent than NERC Standards and Policies, recognizin g regional characteristics or reliability needs.

**c. New York**

**- Specific Reliability Rules.** 
New York

- Specific Reliability Rules may be more specific or stringent than NERC Standards and NPCC Criteria, recognizing NYCA system characteristics or reliability needs.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 7 **d. Local Reliability Rules.** Local reliability rules are more stringent than the general New York

Specific Reliability Rules and apply to certain NYCA zones , recognizing unique local area characteristics or reliability needs.

This document conta ins only the New York

– Specific Reliability
Rules and local reliability rules . NERC Standards and NPCC Criteria
can be found at http:// www.nerc.com and http:// www.npcc.org , respectively.

Part III is a cross

- reference of New York

– Specific Reliability Rules with corresponding NPCC criteria and NERC Standards.

**5. Maintaining the Reliability of the NYS Bulk Power System** 

The Reliability Rules in this document focus on that portion of the NYS
P ower System which constitutes the NYS Bulk Power System . Maintaining
the reliability of the NYS Bulk Power System provides protection for the
entire NYCA system from widespread and cascading outages. Therefore,
the reliability of the NY

S Power System is de pendent on maintaining NYS Bulk Power System reliability through the Reliability Rules.

NPCC defines the bulk power system as “the interconnected electrical systems within northeastern North America comprising generation and
transmission facilities on whi ch fault s or disturbance s can have a significant adverse impact outside of the local area ”. The NYS Bulk Power System is “the portion of the bulk power system within the NYCA , generally comprising generating units 300 MW and larger, and generally comprisin g transmission facilities 230 kV and above. However, smaller generating units and lower voltage transmission facilities on which fault s and disturbance s can have a significant adverse impact outside of the local area are also part of the NYS Bulk Power Sys tem ”.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 8 The application of the NYS Bulk Power System definition in the NYCA is consistent with similar NPCC and NERC bulk power system definitions.
The NYISO shall develop, maintain, and keep current a list of NYS Bulk Power System facilities in its annual NYISO “Load and Capacity Data Report”.

**6. NYS**  **Bulk Power System States**

An objective of the Reliability Rules is to provide for the operation of the NYS Bulk Power System within the normal state

. It is recognized, however, that certain system conditions may cause the system to depart from the normal state to four other operating states: Warning, Alert, Major Emergency , and Restoration. These five operating states are defined in
Part V.

Examples of system conditions that could cause departure from the normal

state are: capacity deficiencies, energy deficiencies, loss of generation or transmission facilities, transmission facility overloads and high or low voltages, abnormal power system frequency, and environmental episodes. When the system enters an operatin g state other than the normal state, the primary objective of the NYISO shall be to return the system to the normal state as soon as possible by achieving the criteria set forth in Part V.

**7. Format of Reliability Rule Sections** 

Part II contains eleven Relia bility Rule groups or sections. The presentation of each Reliability Rule section is based on the following general format:

 **Introduction**

**–** Background and general need for the Reliability Rules that are included in the Reliability Rule section.

 **Reliabilit y Rules** 

– Explicitly stated technical and performance reliability outcomes that must be achieved. Reliability Rules areNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 9 shown in **bold** . There are currently two to eight Rules in each Reliability Rule section.

 **Measurements**

– Specific requirements, including procedures, performance, and other actions that must be implemented by the
NYISO in order to ensure compliance with the related Reliability Rule. Each Reliability Rule has one or more related Measurements.

 **Guidelines**

– NYISO guidelines or procedures th at must be followed to comply with the Reliability Rules.

Part IV is a glossary of terms used in the Reliability Rules. Part VII is a log of initial adoption and revision dates for the Reliability
Rules and Measurements.

**8. Compliance with the Reliability**  **Rules**

The NYS Bulk Power System involves multiple participants. Since all electric systems in the NYCA network are electrically connected, whatever one entity does can affect the reliability of other aspects of the NYCA. Therefore, the Reliability Rules d escribe the actions that the NYISO and Market Participants must take in order to maintain the reliability of the NYS Bulk Power System

. The NYISO is responsible for the implementation of all Reliability Rules. To the extent actions by Market Participants a re necessary to implement the Reliability Rules, such requirements are set
forth in NYISO procedures and enforced by the NYISO under its tariffs.

When the NYSRC

Executive Committee adopts a Reliability Rule or Measurement, it becomes effective immediately . The NYISO and Market Participants are required to comply with the Rule or Measurement in accordance with an Implementation Plan. Section VII, Reliability Revision Log, provides the date on which each Rule and Measurement was adopted or modified by the Ex ecutive Committee.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 10 All NYISO policies, procedures, guidelines, and manuals must comply with the Reliability Rules. The NYISO must immediately notify the
NYSRC if it finds that it is not in compliance with the Reliability Rules, regardless of whether the n on

- compliance is the result of the action or
inaction of the NYISO or one or more Market Participants

.

NYSRC Policy 4, “Procedure for Monitoring Compliance with the NYSRC Reliability Rules,” addresses how the NYSRC monitors the NYISO compliance with the R eliability Rules.

**9. Applications of the NYSRC Reliability Rules** 

The Applications of the Reliability Rules were operating procedures and
local reliability rules prior to the formation of the NYISO

. They consist of procedures that apply to very specific sys tem locations or conditions. The Applications of the Reliability Rules are inclu ded on the NYISO Web site, http://nyiso.com

.

Prior to the NYISO startup, the Applications of the Reliability Rules were implemented by the t ransmission owners. The implementation of the Applications to the Reliability Rules will continue to require
close coordination between the transmission owners and the NYISO in order to protect the reliability of the NYS Power System

. For example, the

tr ansmission owners must coordinate with the NYISO on the implementation of Applications of the Reliability Rules where the NYISO lacks monitoring capabilities. The transmission owners also

must coordinate with the NYISO on the implementation of the Reliabi lity Rules for those portions of the New York State Transmission System ("NYS Transmission System") not included in the NYISO secured transmission system.

New Applications or modifications to existing Applications may be proposed by a transmission owne r or the NYISO, and must be approvedNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 11 by the NYISO. Upon approval, the new or modified Application must be
included on a

list of Applications on the NYISO’s website. The NYISO also must advise the NYSRC of any new or modified Application s. The
NYSRC Relia bility Rules define actions by the NYISO for meeting these requirements.

**10. Exceptions to the Reliability Rules**

Requests to obtain exceptions to the Reliability Rules must be submitted to and approved by the NYSRC . The NYISO or any membe r of the Executive Committee may submit a request for an exception to the NYSRC
Executive Committee in accordance with NYSRC Policy No. 1. A list of specific exceptions to the Reliability Rules is included in Part VI.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 12 

# II. **NYSRC RELIABILITY**  **R ULES** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 13 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

A. RESOURCE ADEQUACY

**Introduction**

The NYSRC

is responsible for establishing the annual statewide ICR in order to ensure adequate resource capacity . Among the factors to be considered in the
calculation of the ICR are the characteristics of the loads , uncertainty in the load forecast, outages and deratings of generating units, the effects of interconnections
to other control areas , and transfer capabilities within the NYCA . The annual
statewide ICR is established by implem enting Reliability Rules for providing the corresponding statewide installed reserve margin ("IRM") requirement. The IRM requirement relates to ICR through the following equation:

ICR = (1+ IRM Requirement) x Forecasted NYCA Peak Load

In order to meet t he annual statewide ICR established by the NYSRC , the NYISO
establishes installed capacity (“ICAP”) requirements for the load serving entities (“LSEs”), including locational ICAP requirements , recognizing internal and
external transmission constraints.



### Re **liability Rules**

**A**

**- R1.**  **NYCA Installed Reserve Margin Requirement**

**The NYSRC** 

**shall establish the IRM**  **requirement for the NYCA**  **such that the probability (or risk) of disconnecting any firm load** 
**due to resource**  **deficiencies shall be, on average, not more tha n**  **once in ten years. Compliance with this criterion shall be evaluated probabilistically, such that the loss of**  **load expectation**  **(LOLE) of disconnecting firm load**  **due to resource**  **deficiencies**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 14 **A. RESOURCE ADEQUACY (C**  **ONT’D.)**

**shall be, on average, no more than 0.1 day per year. This**  **evaluation shall make due allowance for demand uncertainty, scheduled outages and deratings, forced outages and deratings,**  **assistance over interconnections with neighboring control areas**  **, NYS**  **Transmission System emergency transf**  **er capability , and**  **capacity and/or**  **load relief from available**  **operating procedures**

**.**

**A**

**- R2.**  **Load Serving Entity Installed Capacity Requirements**

**LSEs shall be required to procure sufficient**  **resource capacity**  **for**
**the entire NYISO**  **defined obligation procureme**  **nt period so**  **as to**  **meet the statewide IRM**  **requirement determined from A**

**- R1.**  **Further, this LSE**  **capacity obligation shall be distributed so as to** 
**meet locational ICAP requirements**  **, considering the availability**  **a nd**  **capability of the**  **NYS Transmission System to**  **maintain A**

**- R1**  **reliability requirements.** 

**A**

**- R3.**  **External Installed Capacity**

**ICAP from**  **resources external to the**  **NYCA for satisfying a portion** 
**of LSE**  **ICAP requirements**  **must be demonstrated to be available**
**and deliverable to the NYCA**  **borders. ICAP**  **from re**  **sources external to the**  **NYCA shall be permitted to the extent A** 

**- R1**  **reliability requirements are satisfied** 

.



### Measurements

**A**

**- M1.**  The NYSRC

shall periodically perform resource adequacy studies to update the required statewide IRM. A report shall be preparedNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 15 **A. RESOURCE ADEQUACY (C**  **ONT’D.)**

providing the assumptions, procedures, and results of the study. (A

R1)

**A**

**- M2.**  The NYISO shall prepare a report for the next capability period

showing (1) LSE IRM

and ICAP

requirements so as to meet the
statewide IRM

req uirement, (2) LSE locational ICAP requirements for applicable NYCA zones , such as New York City and Long Island, and (3) the allowable amount of LSE ICAP requirements that may be located externally to the NYCA . The report shall include the procedures, fact ors, and assumptions utilized by the NYISO to determine these LSE ICAP requirements. The NYISO Installed Capacity Manual shall include procedures to establish LSE ICAP requirements. (A

- R2, A

- R3)

**A**

**- M3.**  Each LSE

shall certify and maintain its ICAP obligatio n for the next capability period , including any locational and external ICAP , in
accordance with LSE ICAP requirements established by the NYISO
Tariff and the NYISO Installed Capacity Manual. (A

- R2, A

- R3)

**A**

**- M4.**  The NYISO shall notify those LSEs that are d etermined to be deficient

in meeting their ICAP requirements including locational ICAP requirements , for the next capability period . This notification shall specify appropriate deficiency charges. The NYSRC shall be immediately notified of such capacity de ficiencies, including any measures that may be planned to minimize reliability impacts. (A

- R2)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 16 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

B. TRANSMISSION CAPABIL ITY

- PLANNING

**Introduction**

The NYS Bulk Power System must be planned with sufficient transmission capability to withstand the loss of specified, representative and reasonably
foreseeable design criteria contingencies at projected customer demand and anticipated transfer levels. Application of these design criteria contingencies
should not result in any criteria violations, or the loss of a major portion of the system, or unintentional separation of a major portion of the system. These design
criteria contingencies are listed in Table A. Analysis of these contingencies
should include thermal , voltage, and stability assessments as defined by the Reliability Rules. The Reliability Rules also apply after any critical generator, transmission circuit, transformer, series or shunt compensating device, or high voltage direct current (“HVDC”) pole ha s already been lost, and after generation and power flows have been adjusted between outages by the use of ten (10)
minute operating reserve and, where available, phase angle regulator control and
HVDC control.

Loss of small portions of the NYS Power Syst em (such as radial portions) may be tolerated provided they do not jeopardize the reliability of the overall NYS Bulk Power System

.

Assessment of extreme contingencies recognizes that the NYS Bulk Power System may be subjected to events which exceed in se verity the representative contingencies in Table A. These assessments measure the robustness of the transmission system, and should be evaluated for risks and consequences. One of the objectives of extreme contingency assessment is to determine, through pl anning studies, the effects of extreme contingencies on system performance.
Extreme contingency assessments provide an indication of system strength, or toNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 17 **B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– PLANNING (CONT’D.)** 

determine the extent of a widespread system distu rbance , even though extreme contingencies do have low probabilities of occurrence. Extreme contingency assessments examine several specific contingencies which are listed in Table B. They are intended to serve as a means of identifying some of those partic ular situations that may result in a widespread NYS Bulk Power System shutdown.

Transmission owners may take actions to reduce the frequency of occurrence of extreme contingencies, or to mitigate the consequences that are indicated as the
result of testi ng for such contingencies.

The ability of the NYS Bulk Power System to withstand representative and extreme contingencies must be determined by simulation testing of the system as prescribed by the Reliability Rules and all applicable NYISO policies, pro cedures and guidelines.

Section B also sets forth a Reliability Rule requiring fault duty levels to be within appropriate equipment ratings.

A Special Protection System (SPS) may be employed to provide protection for infrequent contingencies or for tempo rary conditions that may exist such as project delays, unusual combinations of system demand and equipment outages or unavailability, or specific equipment maintenance outages. An SPS may be applied to preserve system integrity in the event of severe facil ity outages and extreme contingencies. The decision to employ an SPS should take into account the complexity of the scheme and the consequence of correct or incorrect operation as well as benefits. An SPS should be used judiciously and when employed, shoul d be installed consistent with good system design and operating policy.

This Reliability Rule section also specifies requirements for establishing and maintaining a list of NYS Bulk Power System facilities.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 18 

### Table A **Design Criteria Contingencies**

a. A p ermanent three

- phase fault on any generator, transmission circuit, transformer or bus section, with normal fault clearing

.
b. Simultaneous permanent phase

- to

- ground faults on different phases of each of two adjacent transmission circuits on a multiple circu it tower, with normal fault clearing . If multiple circuit towers are used only for station entrance and exit purposes, and if they do not exceed five towers at each station, then this condition is not applicable.

c. A permanent phase

- to

- ground fault on any generator, transmission circuit, transformer or bus section, with delayed fault clearing

.
d. Loss of any element

without a fault

.

e. A permanent phase

- to

- ground fault on a circuit breaker, with normal fault clearing . ( Normal fault clearing time for this cond ition may not always be high speed.)

f. Simultaneous permanent loss of both poles of a direct current bipolar HVDC facility without an

ac fault

.
g. The failure of a circuit breaker to operate when initiated by a special protection system ("SPS") following: l oss of any element without a fault ; or a permanent phase

- to

- ground fault , with normal fault clearing , on any transmission circuit, transformer or bus section.



### Table B **Extreme Contingencies**

a. Loss of the entire capability of a generating station.
b. Loss of all transmission circuits emanating from a generation station, switching station, d

- c terminal, or substation.

c. Loss of all transmission circuits on a common right

- of

- way.
d. Permanent three

- phase fault on any generator, transmission circuit, transform er, or bus section, with delayed fault clearing and with due regard to reclosing.

e. The sudden loss of a large load or major load

center.
f. The effect of severe power swings arising from disturbances outside the NYS Bulk Power System

.
g. Failure of a SPS

to operate when required following the normal contingencies listed in Table A.

h. The operation or partial operation of a SPS for an event or condition for which it was not intended to operate. i. Sudden loss of fuel delivery system to multiple plants (i.e. gas pipeline contingencies).NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 19 **B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– PLANNING (CONT’D.)** 



### Reliability Rules

**B**

**- R1.**  **Thermal Assessment**

**a. Pre** 

**- Contingency Thermal Criteria** 

**1. For normal transfers, no transmission facility shall be**  **loaded beyond its normal**  **rating**

**.**

**2. For**  **emer**

**gency transfers, no transmission facility shall**  **be loaded beyond its normal**  **rating . However, a facility**  **may be loaded to the long** 

**- term emergency (“LTE”)**  **rating pre**  **- contingency, if the**  **short**

**- term emergency**  **(“STE”) rating is reduced accordingly** 

.

**b. Post** 

**- Co**  **ntingency Thermal Criteria**

**1. For normal transfers, no facility shall be loaded beyond** 
**its LTE rating**  **following the most severe of design criteria contingencies “a” through “g” specified in** 
**Table A.**

**An underground cable circuit may be loaded to**
**its STE**  **rati ng**  **following:**
**Loss of Generation** 

**- provided**  **ten (10) minute operating**  **reserve and/or phase angle regulation**  **is available to reduce the loading to its LTE**  **rating within fifteen (15) minutes and not cause**  **any other facility to be loaded beyond its LTE**  **rating**

**. Loss of Transmission Facilities** 

**- provided phase**  **angle regulation is available to reduce the loading to its**  **LTE rating**  **within fifteen (15)**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 20 **B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– PLANNING (CONT’D.)** 

**minutes and not cause any other facility to be loaded beyond its**  **L TE rating** 

**.**

**For design criteria contingencies “b”, “c”, “e”, “f”, and “g” in Table A that are not confined to the loss of a**  **single element**  **, transmission owners**  **may request permission from the**  **NY ISO**  **to design the system so that post** 

**- contingency flows up to**  **the STE ratings**  **on the remaining facilities can occur. This is permissible**  **provided operating measures are available to reduce the loading to its**  **LTE rating within fifteen (15) minutes and**  **not cause any other facility to be loaded beyond its LTE**  **rating**

**.**
**Design exceptions should be well documented, including**
**NY ISO**  **comments, and must be approved by the**
**NYSRC**

**.**

**2. For**  **emergency transfers, no facility shall be loaded**  **beyond its STE rating**  **following the more severe of design criteria contingencies “a” or “d” list**  **ed in Table**
**A. The STE rating**  **is based on an assumed pre**

**- loading**  **equal to the normal**  **rating . Therefore, if the limiting**  **facility is loaded above its**  **normal rating**  **pre**   ** contingency, the** **STE rating must be reduced**  **accordingly.**

**B**

**- R2.**  **Voltage Assessment**

**React ive power shall be maintained within the**  **NYS Bulk Power System**  **in order to maintain voltages within applicable**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 21 **B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– PLANNING (CONT’D.)** 

**pre -**  **disturbance and post**

**- disturbance limits for both normal and**  **emergency transfers, consistent with the Reliability Rules and all**  **applicable guidelines and procedures.**

**a. Pre** 

**- Contingency Voltage Criteria** 

**For both normal and emergency**  **transfers, no bus voltage shall be below its pre** 

**- contingency low**  **voltage limit nor be**  **above its pre**

**- contingency high**  **voltage limit**

**.**

**b. Post** 

**- Contingency Voltage Criteria** 

**No bus voltage shall fall below its post**

**- contingency low**  **voltage limit nor rise above its post** 

**- contingency high**  **voltage**
**limit . For normal transfers, design criteria contingencies**  **“a” through “g” specifie d in Table A are applicable. For** 

**emergency transfers, design criteria contingencies “a”**  **through “g” specified in Table A are applicable.**

**B**

**- R3.**  **Stability Assessment**

**Stability of the NYS Bulk Power System shall be maintained during and following the most s**  **evere of the design criteria contingencies “a” through “g” specified in Table A, with due**  **regard to reclosing. For each of those design criteria contingencies that involves a fault, stability shall be maintained when the** 
**simulation is based on fault cleari ng initiated by the “system A”**  **protection group and also shall be maintained when the simulation is based on fault clearing by the “system B” protection group.** 

**a. System Stability** 
**1. For normal transfers,**  **stability of the**  **NYS Bulk Power System**  **shall be maintai ned during and after the most** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 22 **B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– PLANNING (CONT’D.)** 

**severe of design criteria contingencies “a” through “g” specified in Table A. The**  **NYS Bulk Power System must be** 
**stable if the faulted element**  **is re**

**- energized by**  **delayed reclosi**  **ng before any manual system adjustment, unless specific alternate**  **procedures are documented.**

**2. For**  **emergency transfers,**  **stability of the**  **NYS Bulk Power System**  **shall be maintained during and after the more severe of design criteria contingencies “a” through**  **“g” specified in**
**Table A. The NYS Bulk Power System**  **must also be stable if the**
**faulted element**  **is re**

**- energized by**  **delayed reclosing**  **before any manual system adjustment.**  **Emergency transfer levels may**  **require generation**  **adjustment before manually reclosing**
**faulted element**  **s not equipped with automatic reclosing or whose automatic reclosing capability has been rendered**  **inoperative.**

**b. Generator Unit Stability** 

**With all transmission facilities in service, generator unit stability**  **shall be maintained on all facil ities not directly**  **involved in clearing the fault**  **for design criteria contingencies “a” through “g” specified in Table A.** 

**B**

**- R4.**  **Extreme Contingency Assessment**

**Assessment of the extreme contingencies listed in Table B shall examine post** 

**- contingency**  **stead y state**  **conditions as well as overload cascading and voltage collapse. Pre** 

**- contingency**  **load flows chosen for analysis should reflect reasonable power transfer**  **conditions. The testing shall be conducted at megawatt (“MW”)**

**B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– PLANN**  **ING (CONT’D.)**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 23 **transfers at a level which is expected at least 75% of the time on a**  **load flow duration basis, but not to exceed the maximum operating limit for the interface being tested** 

**. This may be at or** 
**near the normal**  **transfer limit for some**  **interface s**  **. Analytical studies shall be performed to determine the effect of the extreme**  **contingencies in Table B.**

**After due assessment of e**  **xtreme contingencies, measures will be utilized where appropriate, to reduce the frequency of occurrence**  **of such contingencie s, or to mitigate the consequences that are**  **indicated as a result of testing for such contingencies.**

**B**

**- R5.**  **Restoration**

**System expansion or reconfiguration plans shall include an assessment of their impact on the existing NYCA System**  **Restoration Plan (NYC A SRP).** 

**B**

**- R6.**  **List of NYS Bulk Power System Facilities**

**The NYISO**  **shall develop, maintain, and keep current a list of NYS**  **Bulk Power System facilities.** 

**B**

**- R7.**  **Fault Current Assessment**

**Fault duty levels shall be within appropriate equipment ratings.** 



### Meas **urements**

**B**

**- M1.**  The NYISO shall ensure that the thermal, voltage, short

- circuit, and

stability performance of the NYS Bulk Power System , as planned, is in
accordance with NYSRC

thermal, voltage, fault duty, and stability

**B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– PLANN**  **ING (CONT’D.)**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 24 assessment criteria, and applicable NPCC Criteria. (B

- R1 through B

R3 and B

- R7)

**B**

**- M2.**  The NYISO shall assess the risks and system performance resulting

from the extreme contingencies in Table B, and shall utilize measures, where appropriat e, to reduce the frequency of occurrence of such contingencies, or to mitigate the consequences that are indicated as a result of testing for such contingencies. (B

- R4)

**B**

**- M3.**  The NYISO shall develop, maintain, and execute procedures to

evaluate system exp ansion or reconfiguration plans and identify their impact on the NYCA SRP. This process shall be performed every year as part of the NYISO annual transmission assessment. Any impacts identified shall be described in terms of how and where the SRP may nee d to be modified, and made available to the NYISO Operating Group and the operating function of the appropriate transmission owners for consideration in the annual review and update of NYISO and transmission owner restoration plans as required by
Reliabili ty Rule G

- R1. (B

- R5)

**B**

**- M4.**  The NYISO shall establish and maintain a procedure for developing a

list of NYS Bulk Power System facilities. On request, the NYISO shall submit this procedure and list of NYS Bulk Power System facilities to
the NYSRC

for revie w. The NYS Bulk Power System facilities list shall be published in the annual NYISO “Load and Capacity Data Report” or other publication approved by the NYSRC . (B

- R6)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 25 **B. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– PLANNING (CONT’D.)** 



### Guidelines NYISO Voltage Limit Guide line

– Refer to Appendix E of the NYISO “Transmission Expansion and Interconnection Manual”. This guideline should be used in transmission studies in accordance with Reliability Rule B

- R2.

NYISO Stability Limit Guideline

– Refer to Appendix F of the NYISO “Transmission Expansion and Interconnection Manual”. This guideline should be used in transmission studies in accordance with Reliability Rule B

- R3.

NYPP Tie Line Ratings Task Force Report

– Refer to the Planning Reference
Documents on the NYISO web site . This guideline should be used in transmission studies accordance with Reliability Rule B

- R1.

NYISO Fault Current Assessment Guideline

– Refer to the Planning Reference Documents on the NYISO web site. This guideline should be used in transmission
studie s in accordance with Reliability Rule B

- R7.

The NYISO documents referenced above can be found on the NYISO web site, www.nyiso.com

/services.

Thermal and voltage rating s for facilities to be included in transmission planning assessments are to be determined by the transmission owner , or operator pursuant to contractual arrangement, consistent with applicable NYISO guidelines. These rating s and limits will be used for all studies conducted by the NYISO and
transmission owners and in the operation of the NYS Bulk Power System

.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 26 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

C. RESOURCE, SYSTEM & D EMAND DATA

REQUIREMENTS

**Introduction**

System modeling is the first step toward planning and operating a reliable NYS Bulk Power System . The dev elopment of system modeling data to realistically simulate the operation of resource and transmission facilities is essential for planning and operating studies used to assess electric system reliability . To achieve this purpose, the Reliability Rules esta blish requirements for the development and submission of complete, accurate, and timely data necessary for
NYSRC studies for establishing statewide IRM requirements and various NYISO

resource and transmission analyses and assessments required by the Reliab ility Rules and NYISO procedures.

System modeling data required under this section includes resource capacity verification testing and availability , system data, and load forecasting, and data from disturbance recording devices



### Reliability Rules

**C**

**- R1.**  **Verification Testing of Resource Capacity**

**Equipment used for providing resource capacity**  **shall be tested to verify capacity data.** 

**C**

**- R2.**  **Generating Unit Availability** 

**Accurate generating unit outage data needed to analyze and model the reliability of the**  **NYCA shall be collected and maintained.**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 27 **C. RESOURCE, SYSTEM & DEMAND DATA REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D.)** 

**C**

**- R3.**  **Load Forecasting**

**Actual and forecast demand**  **s and net energy for load**  **data required for the analysis of the**  **reliability of the**  **NYCA shall be developed**  **, provided, and maintained on an aggregated statewide,** 
**transmission district , and**  **zone basis.** 

**C**

**- R4.**  **System Data Requirements**

**Accurate load** 

**flow, short circuit, and stability**  **data bases required for planning and operating studies of the**  **NYS Bulk Power Sys tem**  **shall be developed and maintained. The data shall include appropriate detail from adjacent**  **control areas**

**.**

**C**

**- R5.**  **Disturbance Recording**

**Disturbance recording devices shall be installed to ensure data is available to assist in the analysis of**  **NYCA perf**  **ormance during system disturbances.** 



### Measurements

**C**

**- M1.**  The NYISO shall establish and maintain procedures for

resource capacity data verification testing or demonstration for all equipment utilized for providing installed capacity and reactive power

capac ity to the NYCA.

The data to be provided to the NYISO shall include resource net dependable capacity for all resources that are participating in the
NYISO installed capacity market, and reactive power capacity for all resources that are voltage support a ncillary service providers. The procedures shall include requirements for resource providers to provide to the NYISO the net MW at the time of the DMNC test, andNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 28 **C. RESOURCE, SYSTEM & DEMAND DATA REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D.)** 

the net MW and gross MVAr quantitie s taken simultaneously at the
time of the reactive power capability test. These reactive power tests shall be undertaken for both leading and lagging reactive power operation.

NYISO procedures shall further require that generation equipment owners perfor m leading reactive power tests once every three calendar years and lagging reactive power tests once every calendar year for all generators that are voltage support ancillary service providers. These tests shall verify the maximum reactive power capacity offered into the voltage support service program. The AVR shall be in service at all times during the test. The resource capacity test results reported to the
NYISO shall include the actual test date(s) for each generator and the MW output at the time of t he test.

In addition, NYISO procedures shall include a requirement that, following leading reactive power testing, each generation equipment owner shall provide a certification to the NYISO that the data submitted for the leading reactive power test accu rately demonstrates the maximum leading reactive power of the generator at the time of the

test.

The NYISO shall provide dependable net capacity and gross reactive power capacity data to the operating function of the Transmission
Owner that the resource c onnects to, within 60 calendar days following the close of the seasonal capability period or annual test period, respectively. Documentation of the NYISO procedures and verification results shall be provided to the NYSRC upon request.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 29 **C. RESOURCE, SYSTE**  **M & DEMAND DATA REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D.)**

**C**

**- M2.**  Owners of resources responsible for providing ICAP shall seasonally verify the net dependable capacity of their equipment and report these
results to the NYISO in accordance with NYISO procedures and
schedules as required in Measurement C

- M1

. (C

- R1)

**C**

**- M3.**  Generation equipment owners shall annually perform lagging reactive

power tests for all generators that are voltage support ancillary service providers. Generation equipment owners shall perform leading

react ive power

tests once every three calendar years for all generators that are voltage support ancillary service providers. These tests shall verify the maximum reactive power capacity offered into the voltage support service program. Test results shall be reported to the NYISO , in accordance with NYISO procedures and schedules as required in
Measurement C

- M1.

**C**

**- M4.**  The NYISO shall establish, maintain and follow procedures to address

Installed Capacity Provider generating unit outage data reporting requirem ents and methods of processing outage data. These procedures shall be designed to provide complete, consistent and accurate data to support NYSRC and NYISO reliability studies. This data shall include, but not be limited to, forced, partial and
maintenanc e outage statistics. NYISO outage data reporting and processing procedures shall include the following requirements:

Outage Data Reporting Procedure
1. Installed Capacity Provider generating unit outage data reporting instructions.
2. Installed Capacity Provid er outage data reporting schedules.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 30 **C. RESOURCE, SYSTEM & DEMAND DATA REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D.)** 

3. Training programs for Installed Capacity Providers that focus on proper generating unit outage data collection and reporting
methods for submission of accurate da ta to the NYISO

. 4. The consequences to an Installed Capacity Provider of failing to submit complete, accurate and timely data to the NYISO

.

Outage Data Processing Procedures
5. Due diligence NYISO processes for screening of all generating unit outage data rec eived from Installed Capacity Providers

. These processes shall be designed to screen outage data and replace misreported outage data or Suspect Data with corrected or proxy data as necessary, and shall be employed by the
NYISO before the data is used in NY SRC and NYISO reliability studies. On request by the NYSRC , the NYISO shall make available for inspection documentation covering its processes for reviewing and screening outage data.

**C**

**- M5.**  Installed Capacity Providers located in or serving the NYCA shall

provide generating unit outage data for their generating units in
accordance with NYISO procedures, tariffs and schedules for reporting outage data to the NYISO

.

**C**

**- M6.**  The NYISO shall annually prepare, from generating unit outage data

received under C

- M5, a document depicting outage data statistics to be

s pecified by the NYSRC , and submitted in accordance with NYSRC
time schedules

.

**C**

**- M7.**  The NYISO shall have documentation identifying the scope and details

of the actual and forecast (a) demand data and (b) net energy for load data to be reported for system modeling and reliability analyses. The documentation of the scope and details of the data reporting requirements shall be available to the NYSRC on request. (C

- R3)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 31 **C. RESOURCE, SYSTEM & DEMAND DATA RE**  **QUIREMENTS (CONT’D.)**

**C**

**- M8.**  The following information shall be provided annually to the NYSRC as specified by NYISO procedures required under C

- M7 :

a. Annual peak hour actual demand s in MW and net energy for load in gigawatthours (“GWh”) for the prior year, on an aggregated
statewide and transmission district basis.

b. Annual peak hour forecast demand s in MW (summer and winter) in MW and annual net energy in GWh for at least five years and to ten years into the future, on an aggregated statewide and
transmissio n owner

basis. In addition, annual peak hour forecast
demand s for the NYCA zones , for a specified future period, will be provided to the NYSRC

on request. (C

- R3)

**C**

**- M9.**  The NYISO shall establish and maintain procedures for the

development and maintenance o f load flow, short circuit, and stability data bases. These procedures shall:

1. Require Market Participants and Developers to report to the NYISO accurate equipment data, including changes, which affect these data bases. The procedure shall address appro priate time requirements for reporting such data.
2. Include guidelines for checking the reasonableness of equipment data (load flow, short circuit and stability data) to identify Suspect
Data . The guidelines shall specify reasonable data parameters.
3. Requir e the NYISO to apply the guidelines in C

- M9.2 to data provided to the NYISO

. 4. Require the NYISO to request verification or corrections of any Suspect Data from the Market Participant or Developer

that provided the data.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 32 **C. RESOURCE, SYSTEM & DEMAND DATA R**  **EQUIREMENTS (CONT’D.)**

**C**

**- M10.**  Load

flow, short

- circuit, and stability data bases shall be updated by
the NYISO on an annual basis or whenever system changes warrant an update, as specified by NYISO procedures required under
Measurement C

- M9. These data bas es shall be made available per
NYISO procedures. (C

- R4)

**C**

**- M11.**  Market Participants and Developers shall:

1. Provide to the NYISO accurate load flow, short circuit and stability data in the time frame and format as specified by NYISO procedures required under C

- M9. This data will be used to maintain up

- to

- date data bases required under Measurement C

M10.

2. Respond to NYISO requests for data verification or correction of Suspect Data

. 3. Review and check their equipment data (load flow, short circuit and stability data) within data bases provided by the NYISO to
ensure accuracy.

**C**

**- M12.**  The NYISO shall develop requirements and procedures for the

installation of disturbance recording devices and the reporting of data to assist in the analysis of NYCA performance duri ng system disturbances. The NYISO shall maintain a database of all NYCA disturbance recording device installations

. (C

- R5)

**C**

**- M13.**  Market Participants shall install disturbance monitoring devices and

report data in accordance with NYISO requirements and p rocedures

. (C

- R5)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 33 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

**D. OPERATING RESERVES** 

**Introduction**

The Reliability Rules in this Section establish the minimum level of operating

reserves to be provided in the NYCA

. Resource capacity in excess of projected
load require ments is necessary to assure an acceptable degree of service continuity.

The factors considered in establishing the minimum desired magnitude of operating reserve include unexpected resource and transmission contingencies, regulation of frequency and tie line flow, and load forecast error. The nature and characteristics of the various types of synchronized and non

- synchronized

resource capacity which comprise the operating reserve have been considered in
the formulation of NYCA's operating reserve require ments.



### Reliability Rules

**D**

**- R1.**  **Operating Resource Adequacy**

**Scheduled outages and deratings of resource**  **s shall be coordinated**
**in such a manner that the available resource**  **s, with due allowance for forced outages and deratings, will be adequate to meet**  **N YCA’s** 
**forecasted load** 

**and operating reserve**  **requirements. Procedures shall be developed consistent with the Reliability Rules that:** 
**maintain a**  **minimum operating reserve**  **level for each type of**

**reserve , in both computer directed and non** 

**- computer directed** 
**dis patch; define how anticipated future shortages of**  **reserve will be**  **handled; and defines coordination with other Market Participants** 
**in NPCC and PJM to share reserves**  **. The procedure must include**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 34 **D. OPERATING RESERVES (CONT’D.)** 

**forecasts for weekly, daily, and hourly**  **reserves , and reflect the**  **impact of capability, loads**  **, response rates, transactions, transmission limitations, and unit commitment. These forecasts**  **must also support unit commitment.**

**D**

**- R2.**  **Minimum Operating Reserve Requirement**

**The minimum oper** 

**ating reserve requirement of the**  **NYISO shall** 
**be the sum of:**

**a. Sufficient**  **ten (10) minute operating reserve to replace the**  **operating capacity loss caused by the most severe contingency**  **observed under normal transfer criteria**  **multiplied by the Contingency**  **Reserve Adjustment Factor**

**.**

**b. Sufficient**  **thirty (30) minute operating reserve equal to one** 

**** **half of the ten (10) minute operating reserve**  **necessary to replace the operating capacity loss caused by the most** 

**severe c ontingency**  **observed under normal transfe**  **r criteria**

**.**

**At all times sufficient ten (10) minute operating reserve**  **shall be maintained to cover the energy loss due to the most severe**  **normal transfer criteria contingency**  **within the NYCA**  **or the energy loss caused by the cancellation of an interruptibl**  **e energy purchase from another system, whichever is greater multiplied by the**  **Contingency Reserve Adjustment Factor**

**.**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 35 **D. OPERATING RESERVES (CONT’D.)** 

**D**

**- R3.**  **Availability and Category**

**a. The**  **ten (10) minute operating reserve**  **portion of the NYISO’s** 
**minimum o** 

**perating reserve requirement shall be fully**  **available within ten (10) minutes and shall be in the following categories:** 

**1. Synchronized Operating Reserve** 

**- At least one** 

**- half of the**  **ten (10) minute operating**  **reserve will consist of unused** 

**resource capacity**  **w hich is synchronized and ready to**  **achieve claimed capacity, or resource**  **capacity which can be**  **made available by curtailing pumping hydro units, or canceling energy sales to other systems.** 

**2. Non** 

**- Synchronized Ten Minute (10) Operating Reserve** 

**- The** 
**remainder of the**  **ten (10) minute operating**  **reserve may be**  **composed of non**

**- synchronized**  **resource capacity**  **such as hydro, pumped storage hydro, and quick start combustion**  **generation, which can be synchronized and loaded to** 
**claimed capacity**  **in ten (10) minutes or less, and**  **interruptible load** 

**that can be activated in ten (10) minutes**
**or less.**

**b. The**  **thirty (30) minute operating**  **reserve portion of the**  **NYISO’s operating reserve**  **requirement is that portion of unused**

**resource capacity**  **or interruptible load**  **which can and will b e**  **made fully available as promptly as possible, but in no more than thirty (30) minutes.** 

**c. Resource**  **capacity associated with the delivery of interruptible**  **sales to adjacent control areas**  **may be included as operating** 

**reserve in the category agreed upon by th**  **e purchaser.**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 36 **D. OPERATING RESERVES (CONT’D.)** 

**D**

**- R4.**  **Restoration of Ten (10) Minute Reserves**

**Following a contingency**  **, the ten (10) minute operating reserve**  **shall be restored within thirty (30) minutes of the time that the**  **contingency occurred, or sooner**  **if possible.**



### Measurements

**D**

**- M1.**  Retired

**D**

**- M2.**  The NYISO shall maintain procedures and systems that ensure the

adequacy of operating reserves , and shall provide documentation of these procedures and systems. The NYISO must notify the NYSRC of any changes to these procedures and systems. (D

- R1 through D

- R4)

**D**

**- M3.**  RetiredNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 37 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

**E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**- OPERATING** 

**Introduction** This Section sets forth Reliability Rules for establishing operating transmission capabilities. NYSRC

o perating Reliability Rules provide the basis for application of the planning Reliability Rules to inter

- control area and NYS Bulk Power System operation . They represent the minimum level of security that shall apply to the operation of the NYS Bulk Power S ystem . Where NYS Bulk Power System or inter

- control area security is affected, operating limits are established so that the contingencies stated in Table A can be withstood without adversely affecting the reliability of the NYS Bulk Power System or neighbo ring systems.

When adequate facilities are available to supply firm load , pre

- contingency voltages, line loadings, and equipment loadings shall be within applicable normal voltage limits and thermal rating s. Unless specific instructions describing
alterna te action are in effect, normal transfers shall be such that manual reclosing
of a faulted element

can be carried out before any manual system adjustment, without affecting the stability of the NYS Bulk Power System

.

When necessary to ensure that adequate facilities continue to be available to supply firm load

in the NYCA or a portion of the NYCA , transfers may be increased to the point where pre

- contingency voltages, line loadings, and equipment loadings are within applicable emergency voltage limits and thermal ratings

. Emergency transfer levels may require generation adjustment before manually reclosing faulted element s

.

When adequate NYS Bulk Power System facilities are not available, SPSs may be employed to maintain system security . The requirements o f SPSs should be defined by the NYISO.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 38 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

Two categories of transmission transfer capabilities , normal and emergency , are applicable. Normal transfer capabilities are to be observed unless emergency transfer criteria are invoked by the NYISO

.

This section of the Reliability Rules requires assessments to evaluate fault duty levels and to develop appropriate mitigation plans in the event equipment ratings
are exceeded.

The transmission owners establish and im plement procedures for meeting the NYSRC Reliability Rules that apply to specific conditions on portions of the NYS Transmission System not included in the NYISO Secured Transmission System. These procedures are known as “Applications of the Reliability Ru les”. These Applications require close coordination between the transmission owners and the NYISO in order to maintain the reliability of the NYS Power System. The NYSRC Reliability Rules provide the NYISO with the responsibility of maintaining the Applica tions, approving modifications or new Applications, and for securing the needed cooperation by the transmission owners.

Local conditions may require criteria which are more stringent than those set out herein. Any constraints imposed by these more strin gent criteria will be observed in daily operations. The criteria will not necessarily apply to portions of a
transmission owner’s system where instability or overloads will not jeopardize the reliability of the NYS Bulk Power System , unless otherwise incor porated as local reliability rules

.

Local conditions requiring criteria which are more stringent than those set out
herein shall be formulated as Local Reliability Rules . These Local Reliability Rules are provided in Reliability Rules Section I. Any const raints imposed by
such local reliability rules shall be observed in daily operations.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 39 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

Subsequent to the determination of the day

- ahead commitment of generating units by the NYISO , transmission owners will have the opportunity to review the unit commitment. To the extent that operating circumstances may adversely impact
short

- term reliability of the transmission owner’s local system and such operating circumstances have not been addressed in any Reliability Rules, inclusive of local reliability rules , the transmission owner will have the flexibility to request additional generating units to be committed for service. The final commitment
decision will rest with the NYISO and will be posted on the NYISO’s Open
Access Same

- Time Information System (“OASIS”).



### Reliability Rules

**E**

**- R1.**  **Thermal Assessment**

**a. Pre** 

**- Contingency Thermal Criteria** 

**1. For normal transfers, no transmission facility shall be**  **loaded beyond its normal**  **rating**

**.**

**2. For**  **emergency transfers, no transmiss**  **ion facility shall be loaded beyond its**  **normal rating**  **. However, a facility may be loaded up to the**  **LTE rating pre**  **- contingency if the**  **STE rating**  **is reduced accordingly.**

**b. Post** 

**- Contingency Thermal Criteria** 

**1. For normal transfers, no facility shall be loaded be**  **yond its LTE rating**  **following the most severe of contingencies "a" through "g" specified in Table A in Reliability Rule Section** 
**B. An underground cable circuit may be loaded to its**  **STE rating**  **following:**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 40 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

**Los s of**  **Generation**

**- provided**  **ten (10) minute operating** 

**reserve and/or phase angle regulation is available to reduce**  **the loading to its LTE rating**  **within fifteen (15) minutes and not cause any other facility to be loaded beyond its**  **LTE rating.** 

**Loss of Transm ission Facilities** 

**- provided phase angle**  **regulation is available to reduce the loading to its LTE**  **rating within fifteen (15) minutes and not cause any other**  **facility to be loaded beyond its LTE rating** 

**.**

**For contingencies "b", "c", "e", "f", and "g" in Tab le A**  **that are not confined to the loss of a single element**  **, transmission owners**  **may request the NYISO**  **for an exception to allow the post** 

**- contingency flow on a facility up** 
**to its STE rating**  **. This is permissible provided operating**
**measures are available to r educe the flow below the**  **LTE rating**  **within fifteen (15) minutes and not cause any other facility to be loaded beyond its**  **LTE rating**

**.**
**Operating exceptions shall be well documented, including**
**NYISO comments, and must be approved by the**  **NYSRC**

**.**

**2. For**  **emergency transfers, no facility shall be loaded beyond** 
**its STE rating**  **following the more severe of contingencies**
**"a" or "d" listed in Table A. The STE rating**  **is based on an assumed pre** 

**- loading equal to the**  **normal rating**  **. A limiting facility may be loaded up to the**  **LTE rating , pre**  **** **contingency, if the STE rating**  **is reduced accordingly.**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 41 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

**E**

**- R2.**  **Voltage Assessment**

**Reactive power**

**shall be maintained within the NYS Bulk Power**  **System in order to maintain voltages within ap**  **plicable pre**

  ** disturbance and post**

**- disturbance limits, for both normal and** 

**emergency transfers, as specified below.** 

**a. Pre** 

**- Contingency Voltage Criteria** 

**For both normal and emergency**  **transfers, no bus voltage will be below its pre** 

**- contingency low**  **voltage lim it**  **nor be above its**

**pre -**  **contingency high voltage limit**  **. The pre**

**- contingency voltage**  **on a bus is permitted to operate below its pre**

**- contingency low**  **voltage limit or above its pre** 

**- contingency high**  **voltage limit if** 
**all corrective actions short of load sheddin**  **g have been taken**  **and conditions are not indicative of system problems, or**
**sufficient time and resource**  **s exist to take corrective action to prevent voltage collapse should a**  **contingency occur.** 

**b. Post** 

**- Contingency Voltage Criteria** 

**No bus voltage will fall be low its post** 

**- contingency low**  **voltage**
**limit nor rise above its post** 

**- contingency high**  **voltage limit . For**  **normal transfers, contingencies "a" through "g" specified in Table A are applicable. For**  **emergency transfers, contingencies**  **"a" through “g” specified in Table A are applicable.** 

**E**

**- R3.**  **Stability Assessment**

**System stability**  **transfer limits shall be consistent with the Reliability Rules and all applicable guidelines and procedures in** 
**the NYISO Guideline #3**

**- 0, “Guideline for Stability Analysis and** 
**Determinat ion of Stability** 

**- Based Transfer Limits”.** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 42 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

**a. For normal transfers,**  **stability of the**  **NYS Bulk Power System shall be maintained during and after the most severe of**  **contingencies "a" through "g" specified in Tabl e A. The**  **NYS Bulk Power System**  **must also be stable if the faulted element**  **as described in Table A is re** 

**- energized by**  **delayed reclosing**  **before any manual system adjustment, unless specific alternate procedures are documented.** 

**b. For**  **emergency transfers, when**  **firm load cannot be served, stability**  **of the**  **NYS Bulk Power System shall be maintained**  **during and after contingencies "a" through "g" specified in**
**Table A. The NYS bulk power system**  **must also be stable if the**
**faulted element**  **as described in Table A is re**

**- energized by**  **delayed reclosing**  **before any manual system adjustment.**

**E**

**- R4.**  **Post**

**- Contingency Operation** 

**Immediately after the occurrence of a contingency**  **, the status of**
**the NYS Bulk Power System**  **shall be assessed and transfer levels shall be adjusted, if ne**  **cessary, to prepare for the next contingency** 

**. If the readjustment of**  **generation , including the use of**  **operating**

**reserve , phase angle regulator control, and HVDC control is not**  **adequate to restore the system to a secure state, then other**
**measures such as vo**  **ltage reduction and shedding of**  **firm load**  **may be required. System adjustments shall be completed as quickly as**  **possible, but in all cases within thirty (30) minutes after the**
**occurrence of the contingency** 

**.**

**Voltage reduction need not be initiated and**  **firm load**  **need not be shed to observe a post** 

**- contingency loading requirement until the**  **contingency occurs, provided that adequate response time for this** 
**action is available after the contingency**  **occurs and other measures**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 43 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING**  **(CONT’D.)**

**shall maintain post**

**- contingency loadings within applicable** 

**emergency ratings** 

**. Emergency**  **measures, including the pre**

  ** shedding of** **firm load**  **, if necessary, must be effected to limit transfers to within the requirements of E** 

**- R1.a.2, E** 

**- R1.b.2, E** 

**** **R2.b , and E** 

**- R3.b.** 

**E**

**- R5.**  **Outage Coordination**

**Scheduled outages of facilities that affect the reliability**  **of the NYS**  **Bulk Power System shall be coordinated sufficiently in advance of**  **the outage to permit the affected systems to maintain reliability** 

**. The adjace**  **nt systems shall be notified of scheduled or forced outages of any facility that may impact another system(s)**  **reliability and of any other abnormal transmission configuration**  **which may impact the reliability**  **of the NYS Bulk Power System**  **. A**
**list of faciliti es that must be secured by the**  **NYISO and require**  **coordination shall be maintained including any other abnormal transmission configuration which may impact the**  **reliability of the**  **NYS Bulk Power System . Work on facilities which impact the**  **reliability of the**  **NYS Bulk Power System shall be expedited.** 

**Appropriate adjustments shall be made to NYCA**  **operatio ns to**  **accommodate the impact of protection group**  **outages. For typical periods of forced or maintenance outage of a**  **protection group , it**  **can be assumed, unless there are indications to the contrary, that**  **the remaining protection**  **will function as designed. If the protection** 

**group will be out of service for an extended period of time (as**  **defined in NPCC criteria), additional adjustments to operations may be appropr**  **iate considering other system conditions and the consequences of possible failure of a remaining**  **protection group**

**.**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 44 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

**E**

**- R6.**  **Operation During Impending Severe Weather**

**During periods when severe weather (such as, but not limited to,**  **tornadoes or hurricanes) exists or is forecast to occur, it may be necessary to take steps in addition to those procedures normally**  **followed to maintain system security**  **. When a situation exists in which the effects of impending seve**  **re weather could severely**  **jeopardize the security**  **of the NYS Bulk Power System**  **, corrective actions which would be necessary to protect for one transmission**  **contingency greater than the normal criteria within the affected** 
**area shall be carried out.**

**Generat ion**  **may be ordered to full operating capacity**  **and transmission facilities out of service for maintenance may be** 
**ordered restored to service.**

**The NYISO**  **shall enter this mode of operation for those portions of**
**the NYS Bulk Power System**  **affected by actual or impending severe**  **weather when requested to do so by the affected transmission** 

**owners , or at any other times when it deems necessary to preserve** 
**the security**  **and reliability**  **of the NYS Bulk Power System** 

**.**

**E**

**- R7.**  **Operation During a Severe Solar Magnetic Dist urbance** 

**During periods when a severe solar magnetic disturbance (“SMD”) exists or is forecast to occur, it may be necessary for the** 
**NYISO and**  **transmission owners to take steps in addition to those**  **procedures normally followed to maintain system security** 

**. Such**  **steps may include, but are not limited to, restoration of transmission facilities that are out of service, cancellation of**  **scheduled outages, and adjustment of reactive power**  **dispatch.**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 45 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

**The NYISO**  **shall enter this mode of operation for those portions of** 
**the NYS Bulk Power System**  **affected by an SMD when requested to do so by the affected**  **transmission owners , or at any other times**  **when it deems necessary to preserve the security**  **and reliability**  **of**
**the NYS**  **Bulk Power System**

**.**

**E**

**- R8.**  **Fault Current Assessment**

**Fault duty levels shall be within appropriate equipment ratings.** 

**E**

**- R9.**  **Applications of the NYSRC Reliability Rules** 

**Applications of the NYSRC**  **Reliability Rules shall be established**
**and maintained.**

**E**

**- R10** 

**. Exceptions to the NYSRC Reliability Rules** 

**A list of all exceptions to the NYSRC Reliability Rules shall be established and maintained.** 



### Measurements

**E**

**- M1.**  The NYISO shall maintain procedures and systems that ensure that

appropriate actions are taken wh en thermal
, voltage , and/or stability
limits are violated. The NYISO must notify the NYSRC of any changes to these procedures and systems. (E

- R1 through E

- R3)

**E**

**- M2.**  Retired

**E**

**- M3.**  The NYISO shall maintain procedures and systems which ensure that

outages o f transmission facilities are coordinated in such a manner to

ensure reliability . The NYISO must notify the NYSRC of any changes to these procedures and systems. (E

- R5)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 46 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

**E**

**- M4.**  The NYISO shall maintain proc edures and systems which allow for

more stringent operating restrictions prior to, and during, severe weather conditions, and severe solar magnetic disturbance s. The
NYISO must notify the NYSRC of any changes to these procedures and systems. (E

- R6, R7)

**E**

**- M5.**  Retired

**E**

**- M6.**  a. The NYISO shall perform pre

- seasonal assessments, and additional

re

- evaluations if required by system changes, to evaluate fault duty
at each NYS Bulk Power System station. The NYISO shall notify the applicable equipment owner and other potentially affected Market Participants of any location expected to exceed equipment ratings.
b. After the equipment owner has reported its findings on the
NYISO’s assessment (as required by Measurement E

- M7), the
NYISO , in consultation with th e equipment owner and the other potentially affected Market Participants , shall develop, if

necessary, an

appropriate mitigation plan. (E

- R8)

**E**

**- M7.**  After evaluating and considering the NYISO assessment concerning a

location for which fault duty levels m ay exceed appropriate equipment ratings, the applicable equipment owner shall assess the condition and report its findings to the NYSIO in accordance with NYISO requirements (see Measurement E

- M6a). (E

- R8)

**E**

**- M8.**  The NYISO shall establish and maintain Appl ications of the NYSRC

Reliability Rules (Applications) consisting of transmission owner procedures for meeting the NYSRC Reliability Rules that apply to specific system locations or conditions. The list of Applications shall be posted on the NYISO web site . The transmission owners shall prepare new or revised Applications as required. ApplicationsNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 47 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

proposed by transmission owners shall be referred to the NYISO for approval. The NYISO shall advise the NYSRC w hen Application changes occur. The NYISO shall prepare a procedure ad dre ssing the above requirements. (E

- R9)

**E**

**- M9**  The NYISO shall implement actions required for granting n ew

exceptions or modifying or removing current exceptions, as described
in NYSRC

Pol icy 1, Procedure for Reviewing, Developing, Modifying, and Disseminating NYSRC Reliability Rules . These required NYISO
actions shall include:

1. Re quest each Transmission Owner , at least annually, to assess its exceptions and to determine whether it wish es to request the
NYSRC to grant a new exception or modify or remove a current exception.

2. Implementation of a request from the NYSRC to review an application for a new exception or the renewal or modification of a current exception that:
• The NYSRC

h as received directly from a Market Participant or
• The NYSRC

has received from a Transmission Owner via the Annual Exception Review.

3. Following its review pursuant to paragraph 2 above, the NYISO shall notify the NYSRC

if it recommends that the NYSRC approve the granting of the new exception, or whether the current exception
should be removed or modified as proposed. The NYISO shall
document the reasons for its recommendation, including a finding
that there would be no adverse impact to reliability upo n issuance of the new exception or removal or modification of the current exception. If the NYISO recommends that the exception requestNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 48 **E. TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY** 

**– OPERATING (CONT’D.)** 

should be rejected by the NYSRC , the NYISO shall document its

reason s for such a recommendation.



### Guidelines NYISO Transmission Operating Guideline for Voltage Analysis and Determination of Voltage

- Based Transfer Limits. This guideline should be used in operating studies in accordance with Reliability Rule E

- R2.

NYISO Stability Limit Guideline

– Refer to Appendix F of the NYISO “Transmission Expansion and Interconnection Manual”. This guideline should be used in operating studies in accordance with Reliability Rule E

- R3.

NYPP Tie Line Ratings Task Force Report

– Refer to the Planning Reference Documents on the NYISO web site. This guideline should be used in accordance with operating studies in accordance with Reliability Rule E

- R1.

NYISO OP1 Voltage Limits

– Refer to Exhibit A

- 3 of the NYISO document, “System Operation Procedures”. This guideline should be used in operating studies in accordance with Reliability Rule E

- R2.

NYISO Fault Current Assessment Guideline

– Refer to the Planning Reference Documents on the NYISO web site. This guideline should be used in operating studies in accordance with Reliability Rule E

- R8.

The NYISO documents referenced above can be found on the NYISO web site, www.nyiso.com

/services.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 49 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

F. OPERATION DURING MAJ OR EMERGENCIES

**Introduction**

The NYISO develops, maintains, and implements plans to mitigate major emergencies. This Section sets forth Re liability Rules to be used by the NYISO in the event of eight types of major emergencies.

After declaration of a major emergency , any request made by the NYISO to a Market Participant

dispatcher for remedial action including, but not limited to,
load she dding, shall be considered an order to effect such remedial action. Normally, those orders shall be made over the hot line to the transmission owners

.


### Reliability Rules

**F**

**- R1.**  **Transmission Thermal Overloads**

**If a transmission facility, which constitutes a part of**  **the NYS Bulk**  **Power System , becomes overloaded, relief measures shall be**  **applied immediately to bring the loading within established ratings** 

**.**

**a. When a facility becomes loaded above its**  **LTE rating, but** 
**below its STE rating**  **corrective action which may include**  **voltage reduction and/or**  **load shedding, must be taken to return**  **the loading on the facility to its LTE rating**  **or lower within fifteen (15) minutes.** 

**b. When a facility becomes loaded at or above its**  **STE rating ,**  **immediate corrective action which may include**  **voltage**
**reduction and/or**  **load shedding, must be initiated to reduce the** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 50 **F. OPERATION DURING MAJOR EMERGENCIES (CONT’D.)** 

**loading on the facility to below its STE rating**  **within five (5) minutes and furthermore, to continue to reduce the loading on** 
**t he facility to below its**  **LTE rating within ten (10) minutes from**  **the initial overload. If the loading is substantially above the STE rating**  **, load relief** 

**should be considered as the initial action**
**to be taken.**

**c. After the loading on a facility has been redu**  **ced below its LTE**  **rating additional corrective action, excluding further**  **voltage**
**reduction and/or**  **load shedding , should be taken to reduce the**  **loading on the facility to below its normal**  **rating within thirty**  **(30) minutes of the initial overload. In the eve nt this cannot be**  **accomplished, emergency**  **transfer criteria shall be invoked.** 

**d. When a facility has been loaded for four (4) continuous hours**  **(or such longer period as may be established by the Rating**  **Authority ) above its**  **normal rating**  **, but at or below its LTE**  **rating , corrective action, which may include**  **voltage reduction**
**and/or load shedding**  **, must be taken to return the facility to its**
**normal rating**  **within thirty (30) minutes.**

**Procedures shall be developed by the NYISO**  **consistent with**
**the NYISO tariffs th at resolve transmission overloads caused**  **by both internal and external events to the NYS Bulk Power**  **System**

**.**

**F**

**- R2.**  **Post**

**- Contingency STE Rating Violations** 

**If a transmission facility which constitutes a part of the NYS Bulk**  **Power System is being operated un**  **der emergency**  **transfer criteria**
**and becomes loaded to a level which would cause its**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 51 **F. OPERATION DURING MAJOR EMERGENCIES (CONT’D.)** 

**post**

**- contingency loading to exceed its**  **STE rating**  **and corrective action could not be taken rapidly enough to meet the requ**  **irements of this policy once the**  **contingency occurs, immediate corrective**  **action which may include voltage reduction**  **and load shedding**  **, must be taken to reduce the loading such that sufficient time will**  **be available to apply corrective action following the contingency** 

**.**

**F**

**- R3.**  **High or Low Voltage**

**Voltage control of the NYS Bulk Power System**  **shall be coordinated to provide adequate voltage at all times to maintain power**  **transfer capability** 

**.**

**When in a major**  **emergency due to voltage problems, all** 
**transmission owners**  **shall be notified of the condition and direct the necessary corrective actions short of**  **load shedding**

**.**

**If, having taken the actions above, the actual voltage at any NYS**  **Bulk Power System bus remains below its pre** 

**- contingency low**  **limit for thirty ( 30) minutes or declines to a level below the**  **midpoint between the pre**

**- and post** 

**- contingency low limits and**  **remains there for fifteen (15) minutes, the NYISO**  **shall discuss the**
**situation with the t**

**ransmission owner(s) to determine if corrective** 
**action could be taken following a**  **contingency to prevent a system**  **voltage collapse. If it is anticipated that adequate time will not exist to prevent a voltage collapse following a**  **contingency , the** 
**transmission owners shall be directed to take the necessary** 
**corrective action, including**  **load shedding , to maintain a minimum**  **voltage equal to the pre**

**- contingency low limit. If the actual voltage**  **at any NYS Bulk Power System**  **bus declines below the**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 52 **F. OPERATION DURING MAJOR EMERGENCIES (CONT’D.)** 

**post**

**- contingency low limit an**  **d is indicative of a system voltage collapse, the**  **NYISO shall immediately order**  **load shedding in the**  **amount and at the locations deemed necessary to maintain a minimum voltage equal to the pre** 

**- contingency low limit.** 

**F**

**- R4.**  **Post**

**- Contingency Voltage** 

**a. Less th**  **an 5%**

**If the post**

**- contingency loading of an internal New York** 
**transfer interface**  **or the post**

**- contingency flow towards New** 
**York on an inter**

**- control area**  **interface exceeds the limits**  **associated with a voltage collapse by less than 5%, measures shall be appl**  **ied immediately to bring the loading to established limits within fifteen (15) minutes. If, after taking corrective**  **action, loadings are not below the limit within fifteen (15) minutes, a**  **major emergency**  **shall be declared and corrective measures, which may**  **include load**  **relief , shall be initiated to**  **bring the loading to established limits within fifteen (15) minutes. If loadings are not below the limit within thirty (30)**  **minutes from the initial overload, load relief**  **measures must be**
**instituted.**

**b. More than 5**  **%**

**If the post**

**- contingency loading of an internal New York**  **transfer interface or the post**

**- contingency flow towards New** 
**York of an inter**

**- control area**  **interface exceeds the limits associated with a voltage collapse by 5% or more, a major**  **emergency shall be d eclared immediately and corrective**  **measures, which may include load relief**  **, shall be initiated to**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 53 **F. OPERATION DURING MAJOR EMERGENCIES (CONT’D.)** 

**bring the loading to established limits. If loadings are not below 105% of the limit within fifteen (15) min**  **utes from the initial overload, or below the limit within thirty (30) minutes**  **from the initial overload, load relief**  **measures must be**
**instituted.**

**F**

**- R5.**  **Operating Reserve Deficiency**

**Emergency transfer criteria**  **shall be invoked if necessary to provide**
**tran smission capability to deliver**  **operating reserve to an area** 
**deficient in operating reserve**  **. The NYISO**  **shall notify all**
**transmission owners that**  **emergency transfer criteria**  **have been**
**invoked and transmission owners**  **in the deficient area shall be prepared to**  **return facilities to appropriate ratings**  **within the prescribed time should such**  **ratings be exceeded. If, after the**  **above action, a shortage of ten (10) minute**  **operating reserve**  **or operating reserve**  **still exists, the NYISO**  **shall declare a major** 

**emergency a**  **nd shall direct that load relief**  **procedures be implemented.** 

**F**

**- R6.**  **Stability Limit Violation**

**a. Less than 5%** 

**If the loading of an internal New York transfer interface**  **or the power flow towards New York on an inter** 

**- control area**  **interface exceeds the system s**  **tability limit by less than 5%,**  **measures shall be applied immediately to bring the loading to established limits within fifteen (15) minutes. If, after taking**  **corrective action, loadings are not below the stability limit** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 54 **F. OPERATION DURING MAJOR EMERGENC**  **IES (CONT’D.)**

**within fifteen (15) minutes, a major emergency**  **shall be declared and corrective measures, which may include**  **load relief**  **, shall be initiated to bring the loading to established limits within fifteen (15) minutes. If loadings are not below the**  **stability limit within thirty (30) minutes from the initial**  **overload, the transmission owners**  **shall be ordered by the**
**NYISO to institute**  **load relief measures.** 

**b. More than 5%** 

**If the loading of an internal New York transfer interface**  **or the power flow to**  **wards New York on an inter**

**- control area**  **interface exceeds the system**  **stability limit by 5% or more, a**  **major emergency**  **shall be declared immediately and corrective measures, which may include**  **load relief , shall be initiated to**  **bring the loading to establish ed limits. If loadings are not** 
**below 105% of the stability limit**  **within fifteen (15) minutes from the initial overload, or below the**  **stability limit within**  **thirty (30) minutes from the initial overload, load relief** 
**measures must be instituted.**

**F**

**- R7.**  **Low F requency** 

**A sustained low frequency of 59.9 Hz is an indication of major**
**load**

**- generation**  **imbalance in which case a major**  **emergency shall**  **be declared. During a major**  **emergency resulting from a low**  **frequency condition caused by load** 

**- generation**  **imbalance with in** 
**the NYCA**  **, load** 

**shall be shed in accordance with a schedule previously determined.** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 55 **F. OPERATION DURING MAJOR EMERGENCIES (CONT’D.)** 

**F**

**- R8.**  **Load Shedding Allocation**

**In the event that the frequency decline is so rapid as to prevent operator action, automa**  **tic facilities shall achieve load shedding**  **without regard for transmission loadings. Load shedding**  **allocation procedures shall be developed which meet the requirements of the**  **NPCC Underfrequency Load Shedding Guides.**

**The NYCA**  **must be capable of shedding a t least 50 percent of its** 
**load in ten (10) minutes or less. Insofar as practical, the first half** 
**of the load** 

**shed manually should not include that load**  **which is part of any automatic**  **load shedding**  **plan.**

**If frequency is still declining below 58.5 Hz, all t ransmission**  **systems shall take such steps as are necessary, including separating units to preserve**  **generation , minimize damage and**  **service interruption.**



### Measurements

**F**

**- M1.**  The NYISO shall maintain procedures and systems that ensure that

appropriate actio ns are taken when frequency, reserves , thermal
, voltage , and/or stability limits are violated. The NYISO must notify the
NYSRC of any changes to these procedures and systems. (F

- R1 through F

- R7)

**F**

**- M2.**  The NYISO shall report to the NYSRC on every instance of a major

emergency . Included in this report shall be a description of the incident, a summary of conditions that warranted the change to a major emergency state, a summary of actions taken, and theNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 56 **F. OPERATION DURING MAJOR EMERGENCIES (CONT’D.)** 

effect iveness of those actions. A preliminary report shall be provided
to the NYSRC

within one week of the incident; and a final report, if requested by the NYSRC , shall be provided within one month following the incident. (F

- R1 through F

- R7)

**F**

**- M3.**  The NYISO sh all maintain procedures and systems that ensure that

sufficient load shedding capability exists for both manual and automatic response. The NYISO must notify the NYSRC of any changes to these procedures and systems. (F

- R8)

**F**

**- M4.**  Each transmission owner sh all report to the NYISO the amount of load that is expected to be shed through automatic and manual load shedding , coincident with the peak load of its transmission district in
accordance with NYISO procedures (see Measurement F

- M3). The
NYISO shall annual ly report compliance of this requirement to the
NYSRC

. (F

- R8)

**F**

**- M5.**  Retired

**F**

**- M6.**  The NYISO shall institute a statewide voltage reduction test during the

summer capability period of each year if statewide voltage reduction has not been called for during the early portion of the summer. The
results of the test or actual voltage reduction shall be recorded and provided to the NYSRC

every year. (F

- R5)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 57 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

G. SYSTEM RESTORATION

**Introduction** The NYISO and market participants must e nsure plans, procedures, and resources
are available to restore the NYCA NYS Bulk Power to a normal condition in the event of a partial or system

- wide shutdown. Accordingly, this Section sets forth Reliability Rules for the establishment and documentation of plans, procedures and resources required for the restoration of the NYCA system in the event NYCA experiences these types of partial or system

- wide system shutdowns. Additionally, these rules establish requirements for the training of personnel in the

e xecution of these plans and procedures. These Reliability Rules cover requirements for NYISO and transmission owner procedures, system blackstart capability, training, and restoration simulations.



### Reliability Rules

**G**

**- R1.**  **NYCA System Restoration Plan**

**A N**  **YCA System Restoration Plan (NYCA SRP) shall be** 
**maintained to restore the NYCA**  **system to a Normal Operating**
**State in a safe ,**  **orderly and prompt**  **manner following a major or** 
**total blackout . The NYCA SRP shall be comprised of**  **a NYISO**  **system restoration plan a**  **nd transmission owner**  **system restoration plans.** 

**G**

**- R**  **2**

**. System Restoration Training and Simulation Programs** 

**The NYISO**  **and each transmission owner**  **shall provide its personnel with a coordinated training program that will ensure**  **effective implementation of t he**  **NYCA SRP and**  **NYCA BCP as**  **required in Reliability Rule G**

**- R1.** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 58 **G. SYSTEM RESTORATION (CONT’D.)** 



### Measurements

**G**

**- M1.**  The NYISO shall develop and maintain a NYCA System

Restoration Plan (NYCA SRP) that will assure the prompt restoration of the NYCA system fo llowing a major or total
blackout. The NYCA SRP shall define that system restoration take place at two integrated levels: restoration of the NYCA backbone system in accordance with a NYISO System Restoration Plan (NYISO SRP) and restoration of local areas in accordance with transmission owner system restoration plans (transmission owner SRPs). The NYCA SRP shall include the following minimum requirements:

1. Procedures for coordinating the NYISO SRP and the
transmission owner SRPs.

2. Required actions to be included in each transmission owner’s restoration plan, consistent with NYISO procedures and
NYSRC , NPCC, and NERC criteria.

3. Procedures for coordinating the SRPs of the NYISO and neighboring Reliability Coordinators, including restoration of
interco nnections.

4

. Identification of blackstart facilities required for implementing the NYISO SRP, including the names, location, megawatt capabilities, megavar capabilities, and unit type.

5. Identification of blackstart facility test requirements to verify
that each blackstart facility in the NYISO SRP is capable of meeting the requirements of the NYISO SRP. These tests, atNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 59 **G. SYSTEM RESTORATION (CONT’D.)** 

minimum, shall be conducted for each Capability Year and
include those tests described in Table BS

- 1 of NPCC Directory #8, System Restoration. The NYISO shall determine the number of units within a blackstart facility that shall be tested annually, and the time within the Capability Year that testing shall be completed. The NYISO procedures shall indicat e that with due regard for reliability considerations and subject to approval by the Transmission Owner and the NYISO, a test performed by blackstart facilities in the Transmission Owner’s SRP within one month beyond the Capability Year test period,
or lon ger in force majeure cases, shall be considered a valid test for that Capability Year. On request by the NYSRC, the NYISO shall certify that reliability was considered when the NYISO and the Transmission Owner approved blackstart facility testing beyond t he Capability Year.

6. Procedures requiring that each transmission owner identify
blackstart resources that are necessary for implementing its SRP. These procedures shall also require transmission owners to identify the name, location, megawatt capacity, megavar capacity, and type of blackstart resource(s). The identity of
transmission SRP blackstart facilities shall be made available
to the NYISO and to affected transmission owners . In addition,
NYISO procedures shall include a requirement that each
Black start Provider annually provide a letter to the NYISO confirming that it identifies and maintains a list of critical components in its facilities (i.e., batteries, diesel back

- up generators, inverters etc.) to verify the condition of these critical compone nts in accordance with good industry practice.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 60 **G. SYSTEM RESTORATION (CONT’D.)** 

7. Identification of the necessary operating instructions and procedures to cover loss of telecommunications channels during a system disturbance

.

8. Identification of protoc ols for disseminating information to operating entities identified in the plan during a system
disturbance.

9. Procedures for ensuring that the coordination of NYISO and
transmission owner SRPs be demonstrated by drill or by
simulation.

10. Procedures re quiring transmission owners to notify the NYISO of any proposed changes to transmission owner SRP facilities or procedures that could effect the coordination of the NYISO
and TO restoration plans at least two months prior to their implementation.

11. Proc edures requiring that the NYISO and transmission owner SRPs be reviewed and updated annually and whenever changes
are made in the NYS Power System . This review shall evaluate the impact of planned system expansion or reconfiguration on these SRPs, prior to implementation.

12. Identification of guidelines which provide the basis for alternative restoration actions if normal restoration procedures cannot be executed due to system conditions.

13. Procedures for coordinating annual updates to the NYISO SRP

an d restoration plans of neighboring Reliability Coordinators. (G

- R1)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 61 **G. SYSTEM RESTORATION (CONT’D.)** 

**G**

**- M2.**  Each transmission owner shall establish and maintain a restoration

plan in accordance with the NYCA SRP, NYISO procedures, and
Measurement G

- M1. This restoration plan shall be coordinated with the restoration plans of other transmission owners and shall be part of the NYCA SRP. The transmission owner SRP shall include procedures to identify blackstart resources that are necessary for implementing its S RP including testing requirements,
in accordance with the NYCA SRP and NYISO procedures.
Transmission owners shall conduct an annual review of their SRP.
Transmission owners shall conduct annual training of their operating personnel on their SRP procedures , including the procedures for coordinating with the NYISO SRP. Each
transmission owner

shall report to the NYISO the completion of the annual training and review

. (G

- R1&2)

**G**

**- M3.**  Each Blackstart Provider shall develop appropriate test procedures

in accord ance with G

- M2 requirements to ensure those blackstart facilities that are included in the transmission owner’s SRP are able to perform their intended functions. Each Blackstart Provider shall complete a successful test of the startup and operation of each
of its Blackstart Facilities included in the NYCA SRP for each Capability Year to demonstrate that its Blackstart Facilities can perform their intended functions in accordance with the procedures required in Measurement G

- M1. The NYISO shall determine the number of units within a blackstart facility that shall be tested annually, and the time within the Capability Year that testing shall be completed.

With due regard for reliability considerations and subject to approval by the Transmission Owner and the NYISO, a test performed by blackstart facilities in the Transmission Owner’sNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 62 **G. SYSTEM RESTORATION (CONT’D.)** 

SRP within one month beyond the Capability Year test period, or longer in force majeure cases, shall be considered a valid test for that Capabi lity Year. Each Blackstart Provider shall provide documentation of these test results to the appropriate entity in
accordance with NYISO and transmission owner procedures.

In addition, each Blackstart Provider shall annually provide a letter
to the NYISO confirming that it identifies and maintains a list of critical components in its facilities (i.e., batteries, diesel back

- up generators, inverters etc.) and performs tests to verify the condition of these critical components in accordance with good indust ry practice. Test results will be provided to the NYISO upon request. Blackstart Providers shall attend NYISO and transmission owner restoration training as required.

**G**

**- M4.**  The NYISO shall establish and maintain procedures for training

NYISO and Market P articipant operating personnel for the effective implementation of the NYCA SRP
, in accordance with the following requirements:

1. NYISO procedures requiring coordinated training to be conducted at least annually by the NYISO and each
transmission owner

.

2. NY ISO training procedures including restoration simulation exercises that include modeling of each transmission owner’s
SRP.

3. Conduct of annual simulations of full or partial system shutdowns and restoration, including the issuance of critique reports of the ir respective tests.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 63 **G. SYSTEM RESTORATION (CONT’D.)** 

4. NYISO training procedures requiring Blackstart Providers and other generator owners to participate in training sessions and exercises as appropriate.

5. Maintaining program records showing that operating personnel have been trained in the implementation of the NYCA SRP and participated in restoration exercises. These records shall be provided to the NYSRC

upon request.

6. NYISO procedures for certifying that transmission owner operating person nel have been trained on the transmission owner SRPs consistent with the requirements of NYISO SRP training procedures. The procedures shall require transmission owners to provide the NYISO restoration training program records upon request. (G

- R2)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 64 

## NYSR **C Reliability Rules**

H. SYSTEM PROTECTION

**Introduction**

In general, the function of a protection system is to limit the severity and extent of system disturbance s and possible damage to system equipment. Therefore, the reliability of the NYS Bulk Power System is impacted by the proper design, operation, maintenance, and application of protection systems in order to properly
meet this function. Such protection systems include:

1. Underfrequency load shedding and equipment tripping
2. NYS Bulk Power System pro tection
3. Special protection systems

To meet these requirements , the Reliability Rules in this Section adopt the criteria
for protection systems defined by NERC and NPCC Standards.


### Reliability Rules

**H**

**- R1.**  **Bulk Power System Protection**

**Protection systems s**  **hall be designed to limit the severity and extent**  **of system disturbance**  **s and possible damages to system equipment**
**in accordance with protection**  **dependability and severity levels implicit in B** 

**- R1 through B** 

**- R4, and**  **protection criteria established** 
**in NPCC “Bu lk Power System Protection Criteria” (**  **Directory #4 ).** 

**H**

**- R2.**  **Bulk Power System Protection Maintenance**

**Comprehensive maintenance and testing programs for protection** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 65 **H. SYSTEM PROTECTION (CONT’D.)** 

**equipment shall consist of verifying that protection**  **equipm ent is**  **capable of reliably and accurately performing their intended protection**  **functions, in accordance with protection**  **maintenance**
**criteria established in NPCC “Maintenance Criteria for Bulk**  **Power System Protection” (Directory #3**  **).**



### Measurements

**H**

**- M1.**  Th e NYISO shall provide the NYSRC with compliance documentation
and data in accordance with NPCC Directory #4
, “ Bulk Power System
Protection Criteria ,” and requirements of the NPCC and NERC Compliance Programs, as requested. (H

- R1)

**H**

**- M2.**  The NYISO shall pro vide the NYSRC with compliance documentation and data for meeting the requirements of the NYISO system protection maintenance procedure required by Measurement H

- M3, as requested. (H

- R2)

**H**

**- M3**  The NYISO shall establish and maintain a procedure for monitor ing

compl iance with the NPCC Directory #3
, “ Maintenance Criteria fo r Bulk Power System Protection,” as applied to the New York Control Area. This procedure shall include a description of how the system of compliance reporting is implemented within the NYIS O . (H

- R2)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 66 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

I. LOCAL RELIABILITY RU LES

**Introduction**

Local Reliability Rules have been adopted that apply to individual zones . These Reliability Rules are more stringent than other Reliability Rules because of the need to prote ct the reliable delivery of electricity for specific electric system characteristics and demographics relative to these zones . These conditions include unique circumstances and complexities related to the maintenance of reliable
transmission service , and t he dire consequences that would result from failure to provide uninterrupted service. Any constraints imposed by the more stringent criteria in these Local Reliability Rules shall be observed in daily operations.

Certain of these Reliability Rules have been instituted as the result of NYS Public
Service Commission orders or directives. The Local Reliability Rules apply to the New York City (I

- R1 through I

- R4) and Long Island (I

- R 5 ) zones

. 

### Reliability Rules

**I**

**- R1.**  **Operating Reserve s/Unit Commitment (New**  **York City)**

**Certain areas of the Con Edison system are designed and operated**
**for the occurrence of a second contingency**  **. Unit commitment is**
**based on second contingency**  **operation as well as consideration of the Storm Watch Procedure,**  **loss of the six lines south of Millwood and the locational requirements for its**  **operating reserves**

**.**

**I**

**- R2.**  **Locational Reserves (New York City)**

**Sufficient ten (10) minute**  **operating reserves shall be maintained in**  **the New York City (NYC) zone**  **as follows:**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 67 **I. LOCAL RELIABILITY RULES (CONT’D.)** 

**a. The**  **ten (10) minute operating reserve**  **for NYCA**  **shall be**
**determined in accordance with Reliability**  **Rules.**

**b. A percentage of the**  **ten (10) minute NYCA**  **operating reserves equal to the ratio of the NYC**  **zone peak**  **load to the**  **statewide peak**  **load**

**shall be required to be selected from resources**  **located within the NYC zone**  **.**

**c. NYC**  **zone ten (10) minute operating reserves**  **shall be maintained at all levels of dispatch, except as necessary to** 
**alleviate emergency**  **conditions.**

**I**

**- R3.**  **Loss of Generator Gas Supply (New York City)** 

**The NYS Bulk Power System**  **shall be operated so that the loss of a single gas facility does not result in the loss of electric**  **load within**  **the New York City zone**  **.**

**I**

**- R4.**  **Thunderstorm Watch (New York City)**

**Con Ediso n will operate its system as if the first**  **contingency has**  **already occurred on its northern transmission system when thunderstorms are within one hour of the system or are actually**  **being experienced.**

**I**

**- R5.**  **Loss of Generator Gas Supply (Long Island)**

**The NY**  **S Bulk Power System shall be operated so that a loss of a**  **single gas facility does not result in the uncontrolled loss of electric** 
**load within the Long Island zone.** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 68 **I. LOCAL RELIABILITY RULES (CONT’D.)** 

I

- R3 & I

- R5 Reliability Rule Application s There are applications, approved by the NYISO for implementing this Reliability Rule, which specify minimum oil burn requirements for select generators in New York City and Long Island.

From time to time, changes in system conditions and other circumstances may re nder existing applications inadequate, or may require alternate applications. Con Edison and LIPA, with NYISO review and approval, shall determine whether revised or additional applications are necessary to meet this Reliability Rule and associated

measur ements. Any changes must be reviewed by the NYSRC for compliance with the Reliability Rules.



### Measurements

**I**

**- M1.**  The NYISO shall document, maintain, and publish requirements for

Con Edison to develop procedures for operating its system in
accordance wit h I

- R1, I

- R3, and I

- R4, including notification of the
NYISO when actions are taken in accordance with these local reliability rules , and the reasons thereof. The NYISO shall review and approve Con Edison procedures and required studies, including any updat es to such procedures and studies.

**I**

**- M2.**  The NYISO shall document, maintain, and publish requirements for

LIPA to develop procedures for operating its system in accordance I

R5, i ncluding notification of the NYISO when action is taken in
accordance with t his local reliability rule , and the reasons thereof. The
NYISO shall review and approve LIPA procedures and required studies, including any updates to such procedures and studies.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 69 **I. LOCAL RELIABILITY RULES (CONT’D.)** 

**I**

**- M3.**  The NYISO shall have in place pr ocedures to ensure that sufficient ten

(10) minute reserves are maintained in the NYC zone in accordance
with I

- R2.

**I**

**- M4.**  The NYISO shall apply I

- R1 through I

- R5 in:

a. the assessment of future transmission capability and analysis of
transmission adequacy and security

.

b. the establishment of operating limits , assessment of operating adequacy , and operation on the NYS Bulk Power System

.

**I**

**- M5.**  Con Edison shall have in place procedures for operating its system in

accordance with I

- R1, I

- R3, and I

- R4 and NYIS O requirements (see I

M1). These procedures must include notification to the NYISO when
actions are taken in accordance with these local reliability rules , and
the reasons thereof.

**I**

**- M6.**  LIPA shall have in place procedures for operating its system in

acco rdance with I

- R 5 and NYISO requirements (see I

- M2). These procedures must include notification to the NYISO when actions are
taken in accordance with the local reliability rules , and the reasons
thereof.



### References

Reliability Rule 1

– PSC Directive, Jul y 17, 1961 Reliability Rule 2

– PSC Order #27302 Reliability Rule 4

– PSC Order #27302NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 70 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

J. NYISO CONTROL CENTER COMMUNICATIONS

**Introduction**

Adequate data and voice communication interfaces between the NYISO and Market Particip ants is essential for meeting the Reliability Rules and ensuring reliability . This Section covers NYISO procedures necessary for supporting the required NYISO /

Market Participant

communication facilities for meeting this objective.


### Reliability Rules

**J**

**- R1.**  **NYISO/Market Participant Communications**

**Procedures shall be developed to support communications**
**between the NYISO**  **and Market Participants**  **during both normal**
**and off**

**- normal conditions. These procedures shall recognize the** 
**need for NYISO**  **/**

**Market Participant voice communications using** 

**emergency hot lines and "red phones" during off** 

**- normal** 
**conditions.**

**J**

**- R2.**  **NYISO Communications Under Emergency Conditions** 

**Procedures shall be developed to support data and voice**
**communications between the NYISO**  **and Market Part**  **icipants to**  **ensure safe and reliable operations under the following emergency**
**conditions:**

**a. Failure of data and/or voice communications between the** 
**NYISO and**  **Market Participants**

**. b.**  **Emergency transfer of control after evacuation of the NYISO** 
**Power Control Cent er.** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 71 **J. NYISO CONTROL CENTER COMMUNICATIONS (CONT’D.)** 

**c. Continued operations from the**  **NYISO Alternate Control** 
**Center.**

**The procedures shall identify how various systems are monitored for availability and include methods of tracking performance** 

**measures o f system availability.** 



### Measurements

**J**

**- M1.**  The NYISO shall develop the necessary procedures and other required

documentation in compliance with J

- R 1 and J

- R2, which shall be provided to the NYSRC

on request.

**J**

**- M2.**  The NYISO shall prepare reports summariz ing performance data of

control center communication interfaces. These reports shall be provided to the NYSRC

on request or when significant changes are made, and shall include a tracking basis of historical performance of voice and data communication equ ipment. (J

- R2)

**J**

**- M3.**  The NYISO shall provide to the NYSRC within one month a report summarizing any loss of critical voice and/or data systems. The report shall describe the problem and its relationship to the control of the NYS Bulk Power System , the ca use of the problem, the corrective action, and implementation schedule. (J

- R2)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 72 

## NYSRC Reliability Rules

K. RELIABILITY ASSESSME NT

**Introduction**

To ensure the reliability of the NYS Bulk Power System , the NYSRC , though the Reliability Compliance Monito ring Subcommittee (“RCMS”), reviews and assesses NYISO Planning and Operating Manuals to evaluate if they are in concert with the Reliability Rules.

In addition, the NYSRC , also through RCMS, reviews and assesses the overall reliability of the NYS Bulk Po wer System , both existing and planned, to be sure that it conforms to the Reliability Rules.

To carry out this mission, RCMS must have sufficient data, reports, and other
documentation from the NYISO , first, to ensure that NYISO planning analyses and

ope rations meet the Reliability Rules, and second, to prepare and publish annual
NYSRC assessments of the reliability of the existing and future NYCA generation and transmission system.

The NYISO must also assess the NYCA system within the context of
interc onnected networks. Therefore, the NYISO must coordinate its assessment efforts with neighboring control areas

.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 73 **K. RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT (CONT’D.)** 


### Reliability Rules

**K**

**- R1.**  **NYISO Manuals**

**NYISO Planning and Operating Manuals shall conform to the**
**Reliabili ty Rules.** 

**K**

**- R2.**  **Reliability Assessments**

**The overall reliability**  **( adequacy**  **and security**  **) of the NYCA** 
**interconnected NYS Bulk Power System**  **shall be reviewed and assessed, both in real** 

**- time and as planned, to ensure that the** 
**NYISO and**  **its Market Participant**  **s conform to the Reliability** 
**Rules.**

**K**

**- R3.**  **Extreme System Conditions Assessment**

**Events that have a low probability of occurrence, shall be assessed to determine, through transmission and resource adequacy**  **assessments, the impact of these conditions on exp ected steady** 

**** **state and dynamic system performance. These assessments shall provide an indication of system robustness or the extent of a**  **widespread adverse system response. Transmission assessments shall consider the effect of design criteria contingencies**  **specified in Table A on the NYS Bulk Power System. Analytical studies**  **shall be conducted under the following Extreme System Condition**
**events:**

**a. Peak load conditions resulting from extreme weather**  **conditions with applicable rating of electrical elements.**
**b. Ge**  **nerating unit(s) fuel shortage, e.g., gas supply adequacy.**

**After due assessment of the above Extreme System Conditions, measures may be utilized, where appropriate, to mitigate the** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 74 **K. RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT (CONT’D.)** 

**consequences that are indicated as a result of testing such system** 
**conditions**

**.**



### Measurements

**K**

**- M1.**  The NYISO Planning and Operating Manuals shall be prepared by the

NYISO in conformance with the Reliability Rules and submitted to the
NYSRC for compliance review on request. (K

- R1)

**K**

**- M2.**  Th e NYISO shall conduct, and provide to the NYSRC , the following

reliability assessments:

a. A transmission review to demonstrate that the planned NYCA transmission system is in conformance with NYSRC Reliability Rules. Specifically, the transmission review s hall incorporate assessments for documenting NYISO compliance with the following NYSRC measurements:
1. Measurement B

- M1

– Thermal, voltage, stability, and short
circuit assessments.
2. Measurement B

- M2

– Extreme contingency assessment.
3. Measurement B

- M3

– Compat ibility with the NYCA system restoration plan.
4. Measurement I

- M4

–

Compatibility with NYSRC Local Rules.
5. Measurement K

- M3

– Extreme system conditions.

The NYCA transmission review and its accompanying assessments
shall cover the 4

- 6 year planning horizon a nd shall be prepared annually. The B

- M1, B

- M2 and K

- M3 assessments shall cover system performance results of simulation tests and shall include all supporting documentation specified in NPCC Document B

- 4, Guidelines for NPCC Area Transmission Review , whic h shall beNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 75 **K. RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT (CONT’D.)** 

supplemented to include additional documentation that may be requested by the NYSRC.

b. A NYCA resource adequacy assessment for the next summer period and two years beyond, for demonstrating next capability

p eriod compliance with the NYSRC IRM requirement and NYISO
locational ICAP requirement s, and prospective future compliance.
The assessment shall include statewide and New York City and Long Island resource adequacy

.

c. Interregional reliability assessments fo r ensuring that the NYCA
inter

- control area and internal transmission system is developed on a coordinated basis. Reports on these assessments shall be provided as requested by the NYSRC

.

d. The NYISO shall provide a monthly operations report that provides data on the performance of the NYCA for the previous month, covering the following requirements:

1. Occurrences of major emergency and alert states.
2. Summary of the NERC/NPCC Control Performance

**.** 3. A list of NPCC Reportable Events.

4. Reser ve requirements and actual reserves for the monthly peak load hour for all reserve categories (10 minute synchronized,
10 minute non

- synchronized, and 30 minute operatin g

reserves )

. The report shall distinguish between supply and demand side resources. (D

- R1 through D

- R3)

5. The response of the system to activations of reserve, including: the number of occasions reserves were activated in the month, reasons for the reserve activations, number of occasions withinNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 76 **K. RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT (CONT’D.)** 

the month in which the reserve activation did not result in an area control error (“ACE”) zero crossing, number of non

- zero crossings associated with a unit loss, and number of non

- zero crossings requiring another reserve activation. (D

- R4 )

6. Performance of the transmission system (E

- R1 through E

- R4), with respect to the number of events resulting in facilities exceeded system operating limits resulting in Alert States or Major Emergencies, including pre

- contingency thermal and voltage limits , post

- contin gency thermal and voltage limits , and stability limits

.
7. A report of the number of more stringent events in which operating restrictions were imposed, resulting in an Alert or Major Emergency State due to severe weather conditions
and/or severe solar magnetic disturbance s. (E

- R6, R7)

8. E mergency actions initiated, including: emergency assistance from neighboring Control Areas , manual (local) voltage
reductions , quick response (remote control) voltage reductions (5 and 8%), voluntary load curtailm ent, public appeals, Special Case Resources, Emergency Demand Response Program, and load shedding . For each emergency action the report shall include: (a) the date of the emergency action; (b) the zone(s)
where the emergency action was implemented; (c) an estimate
of the MW capacity addition or load relief achieved, by zone ; and (d) the reason(s) why the emergency action was implemented. (F

- R5)

9. Other analyses and indices identified by the NYSRC Executive Committee for monitoring the security of the sy stem

.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 77 **K. RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT (CONT’D.)** 

e. Monthly operating reports covering occurrences of major

emergency and alert states, a summary of the NERC/NPCC Control Performance, a list of NPCC Reportable Events, and other indices identified by the NYSRC fo r monitoring the security of the system.

f. Special reliability assessments that may be requested by the
NYSRC

.

g. Copies of additional system reliability assessments requested by NPCC, but not covered above.

These assessments shall be coordinated with NERC and NPCC assessment requirements. (K

- R2)

**K**

**- M3.**  The NYISO shall incorporate special simulation testing to assess the

impact of Extreme System Conditions on the NYS Bulk Power System
, and where appropriate, develop plans to mitigate the consequences that

a re indicated by these assessments. These tests shall show the impacts

on steady state and dynamic performance of extreme condition events “a” and “b” specified in Reliability Rule K

- R3. The scope of these
studies shall meet NPCC guidelines for transmission and resource adequacy assessments. The NYISO shall report the results of these assessments, including evaluations of mitigation measures for any cases that conclude serious consequences, as part of NYCA
transmission and resource adequacy assessments requi red by
Measurement K

- M2. (K

- R3)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 78 

### III. **NYSRC/NPCC/NERC RELIABILITY RULE CR**  **OSS**

**- REFERENCE** 

**Section NYSRC Rules**  **NPCC Criteria NERC Standards** 

A

- R1. Statewide Installed Reserve Margin Requirement Directory #1

**----** A

- R2. LSE Installed Capacity Requirement ---- **----** A. Resource Adequacy

A

- R3. External Installed Capacity (“External ICAP”) ---- **----** B

- R1. Thermal Assessment Directory #1 TPL

- 001

- 0 to 003

- 0 B

- R2. Voltage Assessment Directory #1 TPL

- 001

- 0 to 003

- 0 B

- R3. Stability Assessment Directory #1 TPL

- 001

- 0 to 003

- 0 B

- R4. Extreme Contingency Assessment Directory #1 TPL

- 004

- 0
B

- R5. Restoration

---- ---- B

- R6. List of NYS Bulk Power System Facilities A

- 1 0

---- B. Transmission Capability

– Planning

B

- R7. Fault Current Assessment Directory #1

----

C

- R1. Verification Testing of Resource Capacity Directory #9 Directory # 10 MOD

- 024

- 1, 025

- 1,

TOP

- 002

- 2 C

- R2. Resource Availability Requirements Direc tory #1

---- C

- R3. Load Forecasting Directory #1 MOD

- 016

- 0, 017

- 0
C

- R4. System Data Requirements Directory #1 MOD

- 010

- 0, 011

- 0, 012

- 0 C. Resource, System, & Demand Data Requirements

C

- R5. Disturbance Recording Directory #1 , A

- 15 PRC

- 002

- 1, 018

- 1

D

- R1. Operating Resource Adequa cy Directory #1 Directory #5 BAL

- 002

- 0

D

- R2. Minimum Operating Reserve Requirement Directory #5 BAL

- 002

- 0

D

- R3. Availability and Category Directory # 5 BAL

- 002

- 0 D. Operating Reserves

D

- R4. Restoration of Ten (10) Minute Reserve Directory # 5 BAL

- 002

- 0

E

- R1 Thermal Assessment Directory #1 TOP

- 004

- 1, FAC

- 011

- 1 E

- R2 Voltage Assessment Directory #1 TOP

- 004

- 1, FAC

- 011

- 1 E

- R3. Stability Assessment Directory #1 TOP

- 004

- 1, FAC

- 011

- 1 E

- R4. Post

- Contingency Operation Directory #1 IRO

- 004

- 0, TOP

- 004

- 0 E

- R5. Outage Coordination Directory #1 TOP

- 003

- 0 E

- R6. Operation During Impending Severe Weather Directory #1 Directory #2 EOP

- 001

- 0
E

- R7. Operation During a Severe Solar Magnetic Disturbance Directory # 1 Directory #2 EO P

- 001

- 0
E

- R8. Fault Current Assessment Directory #1

---- E

- R9. Applications of the NYSRC Reliability Rules ---- ---- E. Transmission Capabil ity

- Operating

E

- R10. Exceptions to the NYSRC Reliability Rules Directory #1

----NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 79 

### NY **SRC/NPCC/NERC RELIAB ILITY RULE** 

**CROSS**

**- REFERENCE (CONT’D)** 

**Section NYSRC Rules**  **NPCC Criteria NERC Standards** 

F

- R1. Transmission Thermal Overloads Directory #2 EOP

- 001

- 0, 002

- 2
F

- R2. Post

- Contingency STE Rating Violations Directory #2 EOP

- 001

- 0 , 002

- 2
F

- R3. High or Low Voltage Directory #2 EOP

- 001

- 0, 002

- 2 F

- R4. Post

- Contingency Voltage Directory #2 EOP

- 001

- 0, 002

- 2 F

- R5. Operating Reserve Deficiency Directory #2 EOP

- 001

- 0, 002

- 2
F

- R6. Stability Limit Violation Directory #2 EOP

- 001

- 0, 00 2

- 2 F

- R7. Low Frequency Directory #2 EOP

- 001

- 0, 002

- 2 F. Operating During Major Emergencies

F

- R8. Load Shedding Allocation Directory #2 EOP

- 003

- 1

G

- R1. NYCA System Restoration Plan Directory #8 EOP

- 005

- 2 , 006

- 2 G. System Restoration G

- R 2

. System Restoration Training and Simulation Program s Directory #8 EOP

- 005

- 2 , PER

- 002

- 0 H

- R1. Bulk Power System Protection Directory #1
, Directory #4 PRC

- 001

- 1, 003

- 1,

004

- 1, 006

- 0, 007

- 0, 009

- 0, 010

- 0 H. System Protection

H

- R2. Bulk Power System Protection Maintenance Directory #3 PRC

- 005

- 1, 008

- 1, 011

- 0 , 012

- 0, PRC

- 017

- 0 I

- R1. Operating Reserves/Unit Commitment (New York City) ---- ----

I

- R2. Locational Reserves (New York City) ---- ---- I

- R3. Loss of Generator Gas Supply (New York City) ---- ---- I

- R4. Thundersto rm Watch (New York City) ---- ---- I. Local Reliability Rules

I

- R5 Loss of Generator Gas Supply (Long Island) ---- ---- J

- R1. NYISO/Market Participant Communications C

- 36 COM

- 001

- 1, 002

- 2 J. NYISO Control Center Communications J

- R2. NYISO Communications Under Emergency Condition s C

- 36 COM

- 001

- 1, 002

- 2

K

- R1. NYISO Manuals

---- ---- K

- R2. Reliability Assessments A

- 8, Directory #1

---- K. Reliability Assessment K

- R3. Extreme System Conditions Assessment Directory #1

----
The above NPCC Standards may be downloaded from : http://www.npcc.org
The above NERC Standards may be downloaded from: http://www.nerc.com/~filez/standards/Reliability_Standards.htmlNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 80 

# I **V. GLOSSARY** NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 81 

### A. **GLOSSARY INDEX**
**Glossary Index Introduction or**  **Rule Section(s) Source of Definition**  Applications of the Reliability Rules Introduction NYSRC Availability A, C NPCC Blackstart G NPCC Blackstart Facility G NYSRC Blac kstart Provider G NYSRC Bulk Power System See NYS Bulk Power System Capability Period A, K NYISO Capability Year G NYSRC Capacity Installed Capacity (“ICAP”) Installed Capacity Requirement (“ICR”) External Installed Capacity (“External ICAP”) Net Dependable Capacity Introduction, A, C, D, F, G A, C Introduction, A A C NPCC NYSRC NYSRC NYSRC NYSRC Contingency B, D, E, F, I NYSRC Contingency Reserve Adjustment Factor (CRA) D NYSRC Control Area A, D, G, K NYSRC Demand Introduction, A, B, C NPC C Developer C NYSRC Disturbance Introduction, B, E, H NPCC Element Introduction, B, E, G NYSRC Emergency Major Emergency Introduction, B, E, F, I, J Introduction, F, K NPCC NYSRC Emergency Transfer Criteria E, F NYSRC Fault Introduction, B, E, F NPCC Fault Clearing Delayed Fault Clearing Normal Fault Clearing B B B NPCC NPCC NPCC NYSRC Generation Introduction, B, C, D, E, F, G, I, K NPCC Interface B, F, J NPCC Load Firm Load Interruptible Load Load Relief Load Shedding A, B, C, D, F, I, K A, E D A, F E, F, H NPCC NYSRC NYSRC NYSRC NPCC (modified) Load Serving Entities (“LSE”) A NYSRC Local Reliability Rules Introduction, E, I NYSRC Locational Installed Capacity Requirement (“Locational ICAP Requirement”) A, K NYISO (modifi ed)
Market Participant(s) Introduction, D, E, F, G, J, K NYSRC NYISO Secured Transmission System Introduction NYSRC New York Control Area (“NYCA”) Introduction, A, C, D, E, F, G, I, K NYISO New York Independent System Operator (“NYISO”) Introduction , A

- K NYISO New York State Bulk Power System (“NYS Bulk Power System”) Introduction, B, C, E, F, H, I, K NYSRC
New York State Power System (“NYS Power System”) Introduction, B NYISO
New York State Reliability Council, LLC (“NYSRC”) Introduction, A, B, C, D, E, F, H, J, K NYSRC New York State Transmission System (“NYS Transmission System”) Introduction, A, G NYISO

Normal Transfer Criteria D NYSRCNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 82 

### GLOSSARY INDEX (CONT’D.) **Glossary Index Introduction or**  **Rule Section(s) Source of Definition** 

Norm al Transfer Limit B NYSRC Obligation Procurement Period A NYISO Operating Limit E, I NPCC Operating Procedures Introduction, A NPCC Protection Protection Group Protection System E, H E B, H NPCC NPCC NPCC Rating Normal Rating Long Time Emergency ( “LTE”) Rating Short Time Emergency (“STE”) Rating B, E, F B, E, F B, E, F B, E, F NPCC NYSRC NYSRC NYSRC Rating Authority F NYSRC Reactive Power Reactive Power Capacity B, C B, C NYSRC NYSRC Reclosing Delayed Reclosing With Due Regard to Reclosin g B, E B NYSRC NPCC Reliability Adequacy Security Introduction, A, B, C, E, H, J, K Introduction, A, D, I, K Introduction, E, I, K NPCC NPCC NPCC Reserve Installed Reserve Margin (“IRM”) Operating Reserve Non

- synchronized Ten (10) Minute Operatin g Reserve Synchronized Operating Reserve Ten (10) Minute Operating Reserve Thirty (30) Minute Operating Reserve D, F A, C, K D, E, F, I

D D B, D, E, F, I D NPCC NYSRC NYSRC

NYSRC NPCC (modified) NPCC NYSRC NYSRC Resource Energy

- Only Resources A, C, D, E, G, K C NPCC NYISO Significant Adverse Impact Introduction NPCC Special Protection System (“SPS”) B, E, H NPCC Stability B, E, F NPCC Stability Limit E, F NPCC (modified) Steady State B NYSRC Suspect Data C NYSRC System Operating St ates G NYSRC Thermal Limit E, F NYSRC Transfer Capability A, E, F NYPP Transmission District C, F NYISO (modified) Transmission Owners Introduction, B, C, E, F, G NYSRC Uncontrolled Loss of Electric Load I NYSRC Voltage Limit B, E NYSRC Voltage Reduction E, F NYSRC Zone A, C, F, I NYISONYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 83 

### B. **GLOSSARY**

**Applications of the Reliability Rules**

– New York transmission owner operating procedures that apply to very specific NYCA system locations or conditions which are applications of the NYS Reliab ility Rules, and require close coordination between the transmission owners and the NYISO.

**Availability**

– A measure of time a generating unit, transmission line, or other facility is capable of providing service, whether or not it actually is in service . Typically, this measure is expressed as a percent available for the period under consideration.

**Blackstart**

**-** The ability of a generating unit or station to go from a shutdown condition to an operating condition and start delivering power without assist ance from the electric system

.

**Blackstart Facility**

- A generating unit or units at a specific location: (i) that the NYISO or a TO has identified as a candidate to provide blackstart service; (ii) the owner of which has committed to th e NYISO to provide such service; and (iii) that meets the requirements contained in the NYCA BCP.

**Blackstart Provider**

- The owner of a Blackstart Facility.

**Bulk Power System**

–

See NYS Bulk Power System

**Capability Period**

- Six (6) month periods which are established a s follows: (1) from May 1 through October 31 of each year ("Summer Capability Period"); and (2) from November 1 of each year through April 30 of the following year ("Winter Capability Period"); or such other periods as may be determined by the Operating Co mmittee of the NYISO. Each capability period shall consist of

on

- peak and off

- peak periods.

**Capability Year**

- A summer capability period followed by a winter capability period.

**Capacity**

**–** The rated continuous load

- carrying ability, expressed in megawa tts (“MW”) or megavolt

amperes (“MVA”) of generation, transmission or other electrical equipment.
Installed Capacity (“ICAP”)

- Capacity of a facility accessible to the NYS Bulk Power System, that is capable of supplying and/or reducing the demand for ene rgy in the NYCA for the purpose of ensuring that sufficient energy and capacity is available to meet the reliability rules.
Installed Capacity Requirement (“ICR”)

- The annual statewide requirement established by the NYSRC in order to ensure resource ade quacy in the NYCA.
External Installed Capacity ("External ICAP")

– Installed capacity from resources located in control areas outside the NYCA that must meet certain NYISO requirements and criteria in order to qualify to supply New York LSEs.
Net Depen dable Capacity

– The capability of electric generation resources that shall be the sustained maximum net output averaged over a period of time defined by the NYISO Installed Capacity Manual, Section 4.2.2, for the determination of net system capacity. The certified ability byNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 84 equipment used for providing resource capacity shall be verified in accordance with the NYISO Installed Capacity Manual, Section 4.0.
**Contingency**

- An actual or potential unexpected failure or outage of a system component, such as a generator, transmission line, circuit breaker, switch, or other electrical element. A contingency also may include multiple components, which are related by situations leading to simultaneous component outages.

**Contingency Reserve Adjustment Factor (CRA)**

- A factor used in determining the additional ten

- minute reserve that the NYISO, not meeting the Disturbance Control Standard (DCS) for a given quarter must carry. It is calculated using the following formula:

CRA quarter =2

– {the average percentage DCS (expressed as a decimal) for the quarter of measurement}

**Control Area**

- An electric system or systems, bounded by interconnection metering and telemetry, capable of controlling generation to maintain its interchange schedule with other control areas and contributing to frequency regulation of the interconnection.

**Demand**

**–** The rate at which energy must be generated or otherwise provided to supply an electric power system.

________________________________ ________________________________ _____________________ **Developer**

-- An Eligible Customer (as defined by the NYISO Tariff) developing a generation project larger than 10 megawatts, or a merchant transmission project, proposing to connect to the New York State Transmission System, in compliance with the NYISO Minimum Interconnection Standard

**Disturbance**

– Severe oscillations or severe st ep changes of current, voltage and/or frequency usually caused by faults.

**Element**

- Any electrical device with terminals which may be connected to other electrical devices; usually limited to a generator, transformer, transmission circuit, circuit breake r, an high voltage direct current ("HVDC") pole, braking resistor, a series or shunt compensating device or bus section. A circuit breaker is understood to include its associated current transformer(s) and the bus section between the breaker bushing and it s current transformer(s).

**Emergency**

- Any abnormal system condition that requires automatic or immediate, manual action to prevent or limit loss of transmission facilities or generation resources that could adversely affect the reliability of an electric system.
Major Emergency

- A situation usually accompanied by abnormal frequency, abnormal voltage and/or equipment overloads which might seriously affect the reliability of the NYS Bulk Power System

**.**

**Emergency Transfer Criteria**

- It is intended that th e NYS Bulk Power System be operated within normal transfer criteria at all times insofar as possible. However, in the event that adequate facilities are not available to supply firm load within normal transfer criteria, emergency transfer criteria may be i nvoked. Under emergency transfer criteria, transfers may be increased up to, but not exceed, emergency ratings and limits as follows:

a. Pre

- contingency line and equipment loadings may be operated up to LTE ratings for up to four (4) hours, provided the S TE ratings are set appropriately. Otherwise, pre

- contingencyNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 85 line and equipment loadings must be within normal ratings. Pre

- contingency voltages and transmission interface flows must be within applicable pre

- contingency voltage and stability limits.

b. P ost

- contingency line and equipment loadings within STE ratings. Post

- contingency voltages and transmission interface flows within applicable post

- contingency voltage and stability limits.

**Fault**

– An electrical short circuit.

**Fault Clearing**
Delayed Fau lt Clearing

- Fault clearing consistent with correct operation of a breaker failure protection group and its associated breakers, or of a backup protection group with an intentional time delay

. Normal Fault Clearing

- Fault clearing consistent with corre ct operation of the protection system and with correct operation of all circuit breakers or other automatic switching devices intended to operate in conjunction with that protection system

.

**Generation**

– The process of producing electrical energy from oth er forms of energy; also, the amount of electric energy produced, usually expressed in kilowatt

- hours (“kWh”) or megawatthours (“MWh”).

**Interface**

**–** The specific set of transmission elements between two areas or between two areas comprising one or more el ectrical systems.

**Load**

– The electric power used by devices connected to an electrical generating system. (IEEE Power Engineering)

Firm Load

- The load of a market participant that is not contractually interruptible.
Interruptible Load

– The load of a market participant that is contractually interruptible.
Load Relief

- Load reduction accomplished by voltage reduction or load shedding or both. Voltage reduction and load shedding as defined in this document, are measures by order of the NYISO.

Load She dding

–

The process of disconnecting (either manually or automatically) preselected customers’ load from a power system in response to an abnormal condition to maintain the integrity of the system and minimize overall customer outages. Load shedding is a m easure undertaken by order of the NY ISO. If ordered to shed load, transmission owner system dispatchers shall immediately comply with that order. Load shall normally all be shed within 5 minutes of the order.

**Load Serving Entity (“LSE”)**

**-** In a wholesale competitive market, Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corporation, Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc., Long Island Power Authority (“LIPA”), New York State Electric & Gas Corporation, Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, Orange & Rockland Utilities, In c., and Rochester Gas and Electric Corporation, the current forty

six (46) members of the Municipal Electric Utilities Association of New York State, the City of Jamestown, Rural Electric Cooperatives, the New York Power Authority (“NYPA”), any of their

su ccessors, or any entity through regulatory requirement, tariff, or contractual obligation that isNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 86 responsible for supplying energy, capacity and/or ancillary services to retail customers within New York State.

**Local Reliability Rule**

**–** Reliability rules o f the individual transmission owners which are based on meeting specific reliability concerns in limited areas of the NYS Bulk Power System, including but not limited to special conditions that apply to nuclear plants, such as NRC licensing requirements, a nd special requirements applicable to the New York City metropolitan area.

**Locational Installed Capacity Requirement (“Locational ICAP Requirement”)** 

– Due to transmission constraints, that portion of the NYCA ICAP requirement that must be electrically lo cated within a zone, in order to ensure that sufficient energy and capacity are available in that zone and that NYSRC Reliability Rules are met.
Locational ICAP requirements are currently applicable to two transmission constrained zones, New York City an d Long Island, and are normally expressed as a percentage of each zone's annual peak load.
**Market Participant(s)**

- Entity or entities producing, transmitting, selling, and/or purchasing for resale capacity, energy, and ancillary services in the wholesale market, excluding the NYISO.

**NYISO Secured Transmission System**

– Those specific facilities monitored and secured by the NYISO in the day

- ahead unit commitment and real

- time dispatch consistent with the reliability rules.

**New York Control Area (“NYCA”)**

**–** The control area located within New York State which is under the control of the NYISO. See Control Area.

**New York Independent System Operator (“NYISO”)**

– The NYISO is a not

- for

- profit organization formed in 1998 as part of the restructuring of New Y ork State's electric power industry. Its mission is to ensure the reliable, safe and efficient operation of the State's major transmission system and to administer an open, competitive and nondiscriminatory wholesale market for electricity in New York Stat e.

**New York State Bulk Power System (“NYS Bulk Power System”)**

– The portion of the bulk power system within the New York control area, generally comprising generating units 300 MW and larger, and generally comprising transmission facilities 230 kV and ab ove. However, smaller generating units and lower voltage transmission facilities on which faults and disturbances can have a significant adverse impact outside of the local area are also part of the NYS Bulk Power System.

**New York State Power System (“NY**  **S Power System”)**

–

All facilities of the New York State transmission system, and all those generators located within New York State or outside New York State, some of which may be from time

- to

- time subject to operational control by the NYISO.

**New York S tate Reliability Council, LLC (“NYSRC”)** 

**-** An organization established by agreement (the “NYSRC Agreement”) by and among Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corporation, Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc., LIPA, New York State Electric & Gas Corporatio n, Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, Orange & Rockland Utilities, Inc., Rochester Gas and Electric Corporation, and the New York Power Authority, to promote and maintain the reliability of the Bulk Power System, and which provides for participation by Repr esentatives of Transmission Owners, sellers in the wholesale electric market, large commercial and industrial consumers ofNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 87 electricity in the NYCA, and municipal systems or cooperatively

- owned systems in the NYCA, and by unaffiliated individuals.

**New Yor k State Transmission System (“NYS Transmission System”)** 

**–** The entire New York State electric transmission system, which includes (1) the transmission facilities under NYISO operational control; (2) the transmission facilities requiring NYISO notification; and (3) all remaining facilities within the NYCA.

**Normal Transfer Criteria**

- Under normal transfer criteria, adequate facilities are available to supply firm load with the bulk power transmission system within applicable normal ratings and limits as fol lows:

a. Pre

- contingency line and equipment loadings within normal ratings. Pre

- contingency voltages and transmission interface flows within applicable pre

- contingency voltage and stability limits. b. Post

- contingency line and equipment loadings within ap plicable emergency (LTE or STE) ratings. Post

- contingency voltages and transmission interface flows within applicable post

- contingency voltage and stability limits.
All contingencies listed in Table A “Design Criteria Contingencies”, in the reliability ru les apply under normal transfer criteria.

**Normal Transfer Limit**

**-** The maximum allowable transfer is calculated based on thermal, voltage, and stability testing, considering contingencies, ratings, and limits specified for normal conditions. T he normal tr ansfer limit is the lowest limit based on the most restrictive of these three maximum allowable transfers.

**Obligation Procurement Period**

**–** The period of time for which LSEs shall be required to satisfy their ICAP. Starting with the 2001

- 2002 winter capa bility period, obligation procurement periods shall be one calendar month in duration and shall begin on the first day of each calendar month.

**Operating Limit**

**–** The maximum value of the most critical system operation parameter(s) which meet(s): (a) pre

- co ntingency criteria as determined by equipment loading capability and acceptable voltage conditions; (b) stability criteria; (c) post

- contingency loading and voltage criteria.

**Operating Procedures**

– A set of policies, practices, or system adjustments that may be automatically or manually implemented by the system operator within a specified time frame to maintain the operational integrity of the interconnected electric systems.

**Protection**

**–** The provisions for detecting power system faults or abnormal con ditions and taking appropriate automatic corrective action.
Protection Group

- A fully integrated assembly of protective relays and associated equipment that is designed to perform the specified protective functions for a power system element independent of other groups.

Notes :
(a.) Variously identified as main protection, primary protection, breaker failure protection, back

up protection, alternate protection, secondary protection, A protection, B protection, Group A, Group B, System 1 or System 2.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 88 Pr otection System

– (b) Pilot protection is considered to be one protection group.

Element Basis One or more protection groups; including all equipment such as instrument transformers, station wiring, circuit breakers and associated trip/close modules, an d communication facilities; installed at all terminals of a power system element to provide the complete protection of that element.

Terminal Basis One or more protection groups, as above, installed at one terminal of a power system element, typically a t

ransmission line.

**Rating**

– The operational limits of an electric system, facility, or element under a set of specified conditions.
Normal Rating

- The capacity rating of a transmission facility that may be carried through consecutive twenty

- four (24) h our load cycles.
Long Time Emergency (“LTE”) Rating

- The capacity rating of a transmission facility that can be carried through infrequent, non

- consecutive four (4) hour periods

. Short Time Emergency (“STE”) Rating

- The capacity rating of a transmissi on facility that may be carried during very infrequent contingencies of fifteen (15) minutes or less duration.

**Rating Authority**

- The transmission owner who has the authority and responsibility for maintaining the correct dynamic rating for NYS Bulk Powe r System facilities in the NY ISO Power Control Center computer.

**Reactive Power**

- The product of voltage and the quadrature component of alternating current. Reactive Power, is usually measured in mega

- volt

- amperes

- reactive (“MVAr”).
Reactive Power Capa city

- The certified ability of an electrical element to produce or absorb Reactive Power, as defined in the NYISO Services Manual, Section 3.5.2.
Elements that produce reactive power such as capacitors and over

- excited generators/synchronous condensers ; and elements that absorb reactive power such as reactors, under

- excited generators/ synchronous condensers and other inductive devices including the inductive portion of loads.

**Reclosing**
Delayed Reclosing

- The reclosing of a circuit breaker after a time delay which is intentionally longer than that for high speed reclosing.
With Due Regard to Reclosing

- This phrase means that before any manual system adjustments, recognition will be given to the type of reclosing (i.e., manual or automatic) and the kind of protection systems.

**Reliability**

– The degree of performance of the bulk electric system that results in electricity being delivered to customers within accepted standards and in the amount desired. Reliability may be measured by the frequency, d uration, and magnitude of adverse effects on the electric supply.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 89 Electric system reliability can be addressed by considering two basic and functional aspects of the electric system

– adequacy and security.
Adequacy

– The ability of the electric system to supply the aggregate electrical demand and energy requirements of the customers at all times, taking into account scheduled and reasonably expected unscheduled outages of system elements.
Security

– The ability of the electric system to withstand disturb ances such as electric short circuits or unanticipated loss of system elements.

**Reserve**

– In normal usage, reserve is the amount of capacity available in excess of the demand.
Installed Reserve Margin (“IRM”)

- That capacity above firm system demand re quired to provide for equipment forced and scheduled outages and transmission capability limitations.
Operating Reserve

- Resource capacity that is available to supply energy, or curtailable load that is willing to stop using energy, in the event of emerg ency conditions or increased system load, and can do so within a specified time period.

Non

- synchronized Ten (10) Minute Operating Reserve

- The portion of ten (10) minute reserve consisting of resource capacity such as hydroelectric, pumped storage hydro electric, and quick start combustion generation which can be synchronized and loaded to claimed capacity in ten (10) minutes or less, and interruptible load, including load reduction achieved by starting generation to offset demand, which can be achieved i n 10 minutes or less. Non

- synchronized reserve must not exceed half of the ten (10) minute reserve.
Synchronized Operating Reserve

- The portion of ten (10) minute reserve consisting of unused resource capacity which is synchronized and ready to achieve cl aimed capacity or resource capacity which can be made available by curtailing pumping hydro units or canceling energy sales to other systems.
Ten (10) Minute Operating Reserve

- The sum of synchronized and non

- synchronized reserve capacity that is fully a vailable in ten (10) minutes.
Thirty (30) Minute Operating Reserve

- That portion of the NYISO’s operating reserve requirement that includes unused resource capacity which can and will be made fully available as promptly as possible, but in no more than t hirty (30) minutes. It is the sum of synchronized and non

synchronized reserve that can be utilized in thirty (30) minutes, excluding reserve that is counted as ten (10) minute reserve.

**Resource**

- The total contributions provided by supply

- side and deman d

- side facilities and/or actions. Supply

- side facilities include utility and non

- utility generation and purchases from neighboring systems. Demand

- side facilities include measures for reducing load, such as conservation, demand management, and interruptibl e load.
Energy

- only Resource

– A resource that has a contractual obligation to provide energy and no obligation to provide ancillary services and capacity.

**Significant Adverse Impact**

– With due regard for the maximum operating capability of the affected systems, on or more of the following conditions arising from faults or disturbances, shall be deemed as having significant adverse impact :

a. system instability; b. unacceptable system dynamic response or equipment tripping;

c. voltage levels in violation of appl icable emergency limits; d. loadings on transmission facilities in violation of applicable emergency limits;NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 90 e. unacceptable loss of load.

**Special Protection System (“SPS”)**

- A protection system designed to detect abnormal system conditions, and take correctiv e action other than the isolation of faulted elements. Such action may include changes in load, generation, or system configuration to maintain system stability, acceptable voltages or power flows. Automatic under frequency load shedding is not considered an SPS. Conventionally switched, locally controlled shunt devices are not SPSs.

**Stability**

**–** The ability of an electric system to maintain a state of equilibrium during normal and abnormal system conditions or disturbances.

**Stability Limit**

**–** The maximum power flow possible through a particular transmission element or interface, while maintaining stability in the entire system or the part of the system to which the stability li mit refers.

**Steady State**

– That point in time following a c ontingency after f ast acting automatic equipment has operated. This equipment includes generation rejection, transmission cross

- tripping (including capacitors and reactors), load rejections, generator voltage regulators, and static VAR compensators.

**Suspect Data**

**--** Data provided by Market Participants or Developers that does not meet the NYISO screening criteria for reasonableness and accuracy.

**System Operating States**

**-** In addition to the Normal State, the four other operating states into which certain system conditions may cause a departure from the Normal State, are as follows: Warning, Alert, Major Emergency, and Restoration. These five operating states are defined in the “System Conditions of the NYS Bulk Power System”, Section V of th e NYSRC Reliability Rules Manual. Examples of system conditions that could cause departure from the Normal State are: capacity deficiencies, energy deficiencies, loss of generation or transmission facilities, transmission facil ity overloads and high or low voltages, abnormal power system frequency, and environmental episodes. When the system enters an operating state other than the Normal State, the primary objective of the NYISO shall be to return the system to the Normal State as soon as possible.

**Ther mal Limit** 

- The maximum power flow through a particular transmission element or interface, considering the application of thermal assessment criteria.

**Transfer Capability**

- The measure of the ability of interconnected electrical systems to reliably move or transfer power from one area to another over all transmission lines (or paths) between those areas under specified system conditions.

**Transmission District**

**–** The geographic area served by the NYCA investor

- owned transmission owners and LIPA, as well as customers directly interconnected with the transmission facilities of NYPA.

**Transmission Owner**

- Those parties who own, control and operate facilities in New York State used for the transmission of electric energy in interstate commerce. Transmissio n owners are those whoNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 91 own, individually or jointly, at least 100 circuit miles of 115 kV or above in New York State and have become a signatory to the TO/ISO Agreement. The Transmission owners currently consist of Central Hudson Gas and Electric Corporati on, Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc., LIPA, New York State Electric & Gas Corporation, Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, Rochester Gas and Electric Corporation, and the New York Power Authority.

**Uncontrolled Loss of Electric Load**

- Loss of l oad resulting from voltage collapse, instability, separation of NYS power system elements, or cascading failure caused by a sudden disturbance to or unanticipated failure of NYS power system transmission elements, and which cannot be prevented by the Trans mission Owner’s operator.

**Voltage Limit**

**–** The maximum power flow through some particular point in the system considering the application of voltage assessment criteria

.

**Voltage Reduction**

- A means of achieving load reduction by reducing customer supp ly voltage, usually by 3, 5, or 8 percent. If ordered by the NYISO to go into voltage reduction, transmission owner system dispatchers shall immediately comply with that order. Quick response voltage reduction shall normally be accomplished within ten (10) minutes of the order. See “Order” definition.

**Zone**

**-** A defined portion of the NY control area that encompasses a set of load and generation buses. Each zone has an associated zonal price that is calculated as a weighted average price based on generator LBMPs and generator bus load distribution factors. A "zone" outside the NY control area is referred to as an external zone. Currently New York State is divided into eleven zones, corresponding to ten major transmission interfaces that can become congestedNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 92 

### V. **SYSTEM CONDITIONS FO R OPERATING STATES O**  **F THE NYS BULK POWER SYSTEM** 

**MONITORED CRITERIA**  **NORMAL WARNING**  **ALERT MAJOR EMERGENCY**  **RESTORATION**

Transmission Facility Pre

- Contingency Flow Flow is less than or equal to Normal rating Flow is greater than Nor mal rating but less than or equal to LTE rating for not more than 30 minutes. **OR** Emergency Transfer Criteria have been invoked but flow is less than or equal to Normal rating. Emergency Transfer Criteria have been invoked **AND** Flow is greater than Normal r ating but less than or equal to LTE for not more than 4 hours Flow is greater than LTE rating. **OR** Flow is greater than Normal rating but less than or equal to LTE rating for 4 hours.

Transmission Facility Post

- contingency Flow for loss of generation or

single facility Predicted flow is less than or equal to LTE rating Predicted flow is greater than LTE rating but less than or equal to STE rating. Predicted flow is greater than STE rating and there is sufficient time to take corrective action following contingency **AND** Emergency Transfer Criteria have not been exceeded for more than 30 minutes. Predicted flow is greater than STE rating and there is not sufficient time to take corrective action following contingency.

**OR** Emergency Transfer Criteria have be en invoked and criteria have been exceeded for more than 30 minutes.

Transmission Facility Post

- contingency Flow for loss of two adjacent circuits on the same structure Predicted flow is less than or equal to LTE rating Emergency Transfer Criteria have been invoked. Post

- contingency flow may exceed STE rating. Emergency Transfer Criteria have been invoked. Post

- contingency flow may exceed STE rating. Emergency Transfer Criteria have been invoked. Post

- contingency flow may exceed STE rating.

Actual V oltage Voltage is within pre

contingency limits Not Applicable Voltage is less than its pre

contingency low limit or greater than its pre

- contingency high limit for less than 15 minutes.

**OR** Voltage is greater than its post

contingency high limit for less than 10 minutes and is indicative of a system problem. Voltage is less than its pre

- contingency low limit or greater than its pre

contingency high limit for 15 minutes and is indicative of a system problem.

**OR** Voltage is less than its pre

- contingency low limit, is indicative of a system problem, and appropriate voltage control measures have already been taken.

**OR** Voltage is less than its post

- contingency low limit and is indicative of a system problem. **OR** Voltage is greater than its post

contingency high limit for 10 minutes.

Note: From NYISO Emergency Operations Manual, Exhibit A

- 1NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 93 

### SYSTEM CONDITIONS FO **R OPERATING STATES O F THE NYS BULK POWER**  **SYSTEM (CONT’D.)**

**MONITORED CRITERIA**  **NORMAL WARNING**  **ALERT MAJOR EMERGENCY**  **RESTORATION**

Post

- contingency volta ge Post

- contingency transmission facility flow is less than or equal to voltage collapse limit Not Applicable Post

- contingency transmission facility flow is greater than voltage collapse limit by less than 5% for less than 15 minutes. Post

- contingency tra nsmission facility flow is greater than voltage collapse limits by less than or equal to 5% for 15 minutes, or by more than 5%.

Reserve 10 minute Reserve No 10

- Minute Reserve deficiency No 10

- Minute Reserve deficiency, but only if using Emergency Transfe r Criteria. No 10

- Minute Reserve deficiency, but only including quick response Voltage Reduction. 10 Minute Reserve deficiency exists after taking all actions defined in the NYISO Manual for Emergency Operations including purchase of operating capability.

Reserve Operating Reserve No Operating Reserve deficiency No Operating Reserve deficiency, but only if using Emergency Transfer Criteria. No Operating Reserve deficiency, but only using Emergency Transfer Criteria. Operating Reserve deficiency exists a fter taking all actions defined in the NYISO Manual for Emergency Operations including purchase of operating capability.
Stability Limits Transmission facility flow is less than or equal to stability limit Not Applicable Transmission facility flow is gre ater than stability limit by less than 5% for less than 15 minutes. Transmission facility flow is greater than stability limit by less than or equal to 5% for 15 minutes, or by more than 5%
Area Control Error (“ACE”) ACE is less than ±100 MW
**OR** ACE is le ss than ±500 MW for less than 10 minutes ACE is greater than ±100 MW but less than ± 500MW for more than 10 minutes. ACE is greater than or equal to ± 500 MW for less than 10 minutes. ACE is greater than or equal to ± 500 MW for more than 10 minutes.

Fre quency Frequency is greater than or equal to 59.95 Hz and less than or equal to 60.05 Hz Not Applicable Frequency is greater than or equal to 60.05 Hz and is sustained at that level or continues to increase.

**OR** Frequency is less than or equal to 59.95 Hz and is sustained at that level or continues to decline. Frequency is greater than or equal to 60.10 Hz and is sustained at that level or continues to increase.

**OR** Frequency is less than or equal to 59.90 Hz and is sustained at that level or continues to d ecline.
Communication, Computer, Control, & Indication Facilities Sufficient facilities to monitor system status Not Applicable Partial failures impairing the capability of monitoring system status and the NYISO Shift Supervisor determines the power sys tem is in jeopardy. Insufficient communication facilities to monitor system status and the NYISO Shift Supervisor determines the power system is in serious jeopardy.

Note: From NYISO Emergency Operations Manual, Exhibit A

- 1NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 94 

### SYSTEM CONDITIONS FO **R OPE RATING STATES OF THE**  **NYS BULK POWER SYST EM (CONT’D.)** 

**MONITORED CRITERIA**  **NORMAL WARNING**  **ALERT MAJOR EMERGENCY**  **RESTORATION**

Neighboring Systems All neighboring systems operating under normal conditions One or more neighboring systems not operating under

norm al conditions. One or more neighboring systems in Voltage Reduction. One or more neighboring systems in Voltage Reduction and requesting NYISO assistance via Voltage Reduction.
Separation within the New York Control Area

NO NO NO YES An area within the N Y Control Area is islanded, customer load is interrupted, or both, following a system disturbance affecting the NYS Power System.
Overgeneration

-- -- -- NYCA is overgenerating and corrective measures are not sufficient to reduce ACE to zero.

Other

-- - - A situation involving impending severe weather exists.

**OR** A situation involving severe Solar Magnetic Disturbances exists. --

Note: From NYISO Emergency Operations Manual, Exhibit A

- 1NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 95 

### VI. **EXCEPTIONS TO RELIA BILITY RULES** 

**R EVISION 1** 

**–**

**M AY**  **11, 2010 Excep**  **tion Reference**  **No. TO**  **Exception Category**  **Exception NYSRC**  **Reliability Rule**  1 NYPA Run Back of Generators Post Contingency Flow on Marcy

- New Scotland

The post

- contingency flow on the Marcy

- New Scotland 18 line is allowed to exceed its LTE rating for t he loss of the Edic

- New Scotland 14 line by the amount of relief that can be obtained by tripping the Gilboa pumping load as a single corrective action. Also, the post

- contingency flow on the Edic

- New Scotland 14 line is allowed to exceed its LTE rating fo r either the loss of the Marcy

- New Scotland 18 line alone, or the double

- circuit loss of the Marcy

- New Scotland 18 and Adirondack

- Porter 12 lines, by the amount of relief that can be obtained by tripping the Gilboa pumping load as a single corrective actio n. Approved NYPP Operating Committee January 27, 1988. E

- R1

2 NG Applicable Rating Post Contingency Flow on Volney

- Clay and Nine Mile

- Clay
The post

- contingency flow on the Volney

- Clay #6 line and the 9 Mile

- Clay #8 line is allowed to reach its STE rat ing for "normal" transfers

. Approved NYPP Operating Committee October 25, 1979 E

- R1

3 NG Applicable Rating

Run Back of Generators Post Contingency Flow on New Scotland

- Leeds

The post

- contingency flow on the NS

- Leeds line is allowed to reach its STE ratin g for transfers to NE & SENY, with sufficient generation at Gilboa

. Approved

NYPP Operating Committee October 25, 1979

. E

- R1

4 NG Monitoring Monitoring of Transmission Transformer National Grid is fully responsible for monitoring all National Grid 345/1 15 kV, 345/230 kV, and 230/115 kV transformer overloads and contingency overloads. The NYISO notifies National Grid of any overloads and contingency overloads it detects, but does not invoke these limits unless requested to do so by National Grid

. Approve d NYPP Operating Committee October 25, 1979

. E

- R1NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 96 

### EXCEPTIONS TO RELIAB **ILITY RULES (CONT’D. )** 
**Exception Reference**  **No. TO**  **Exception Category**  **Exception NYSRC**  **Reliability Rule**  5 NYPA Applicable Rating

Run Back of Generators Post Contingency Loading on Gilboa

- Leeds

The post

- contingency flow on the Gilboa

- Leeds (GL

- 3) line is allowed to reach its STE rating with four generators on at Gilboa. Approved NYPP Operating Committee December 7, 1983. E

- R1

6 NYPA Special Protection System Post Contingency L oading on L33P and L34P

The post

- contingency flows on the L33P line and the L34P line are allowed to reach their STE ratings, provided there is sufficient generation rejection selected at the Saunders generating station in Ontario, or sufficient control re maining on the phase angle regulators to return the flows to LTE within 15 minutes. Approved NYPP Operating Committee December 14, 1994. E

- R1*

7 CE Run Back of Generators Operational Control of Feeder 21192 for Loss of Feeders 21, 22, and A21191

The loss of the common tower carrying feeders 21 and 22 results in Arthur Kill generator 3 feeding into the remaining 345/138 kV Fresh Kills transformer. To avoid overloading this transformer (Feeder 21192), the output of Arthur Kill 3 must be reduced so that the transformer is below its STE rating within 5 minutes and below its LTE rating within 10 minutes, post contingency

. Approved NYPP Operating Committee December 6, 1984. E

- R1

8 CE Special Protection System Post Contingency Flow on Buchanan

- Millwood W97 or W 98

The post

- contingency flow on line W97 for the loss of W98 may exceed its LTE rating up to its STE rating if the contingency loss of lines W98 and Y88 does not cause resultant flows on any other feeder to exceed Normal Transfer Criteria. The post

- conting ency flow on line W98 for the loss of W97 may exceed its LTE rating up to its STE rating if the contingency loss of lines W97 and Y88 does not cause resultant flows on any other feeder to exceed Normal Transfer Criteria.
This exception does not apply if e ither W97, W98, Y88, Indian Point 3, or the overload relay system is out of service. Approved NYPP Operating Committee May 30, 1985. E

- R1*NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 97 

### EXCEPTIONS TO RELIAB **ILITY RULES (CONT’D. )** 
**Exception Reference**  **No. TO**  **Exception Category**  **Exception NYSRC**  **Rel iability**  **Rule** 9

Rescinded 10/15/09 10 NYPA Special Protection System Post Contingency Flow on Marcy AT

- 1 Transformer

The post

- contingency flow on the Marcy AT

- 1 bank is allowed to exceed its STE rating for the loss of the Marcy AT

- 2 bank, provided that the overload relay protection on the AT

- 1 bank is in

- service. Approved NYPP Operating Committee November 20, 1986. E

- R1*

11 NYPA Special Protection System Post Contingency Flow on Plattsburgh

- Vermont PV20 Line

The post

- contingency flow on the Platts burgh

- Vermont PV20 tie

- line is allowed to reach its STE rating so long as NYPA can ensure that the Overload Mitigation system is available on a manual or automatic basis to reduce the flow to below the LTE rating immediately following the actual occurrence of the contingency. Approved NYPP Operating Committee February 15, 1995. E

- R1*

12 NYPA Monitoring Post Contingency Flow on Marcy Transformer T2 The post

- contingency flow on the Marcy Transformer T2 is allowed to exceed its LTE rating up to its STE ratin g following the loss of Marcy Transformer T1. Approved NYPP Operating Committee July 23, 1987. E

- R1NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 98 

### EXCEPTIONS TO RELIAB **ILITY RULES (CONT’D. )** 
**Exception Reference**  **No. TO**  **Exception Category**  **Exception NYSRC**  **Reliability Rule**  13 NYPA Run Back of Gene rators Post Contingency Flows on Niagara Project Facilities

For the following Niagara Project facilities, the post

- contingency flows are allowed to reach their STE ratings, if NYPA can ensure that sufficient generation can be reduced at Niagara to return t he flows to less than their STE ratings within 5 minutes and to less than their LTE ratings within 10 minutes from the initial overload:

 Niagara Project transformers

 Lines connected directly to the Niagara Project

Initiall y Approved by NYPP Operating Committee August 19, 1993. Revision Approved by NYSRC Executive Committee February12, 2010. E

- R1

14 CE Run Back of Generators Operation of the Linden Cogen Plant for Transmission Outages on the Con Edison

System The post

- contingency flow on feeder 42232, Gowanus

- Greenwood 138kV, is allowed to exceed its STE rating following the simultaneous loss of feeders 21 and 22, Gowanus

Freshkills 345kV, which run on common towers. In the event that this conting ency occurs, the Con Edison System Operator will immediately reduce the generation of the Linden Cogeneration Facility to alleviate the overload to less than its STE rating within 5 minutes and to less than its LTE rating within 10 minutes from the initial overload. Approved NYPP Operating Committee January 29, 1997. E

- R1

15 NYSEG Voltage Control Post Contingency Voltage at Oakdale and Watercure The post

- contingency voltages at the Oakdale 345 kV bus, the Oakdale 230 kV bus, and Watercure 230 kV bus are a llowed to fall below their respective post

- contingency low voltage limits for either the simultaneous loss of the Oakdale

- Lafayette 4

- 36 line and the Oakdale

- Fraser 32 line, or the loss of one of these lines when the other line is already out of service

. Approved NYPP Operating Committee May 16, 1991

. B

- R2 & E

- R2NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 99 

### EXCEPTIONS TO RELIAB **ILITY RULES (CONT’D. )** 
**Exception Reference**  **No. TO**  **Exception Category**  **Exception NYSRC**  **Reliability Rule**  16 CE Monitoring East 13 th Street and East River Load Pocket Con Edison is responsible for operating for contingencies resulting from the loss of any East 13 th Street 345/138 kV transformer, or the 345/69 kV transformer. These facilities provide radial support to the East 13 th Street and East River load pocket and are not part of the bulk power system. Approved NYPP Operating Committee August 27, 1997. E

- R1

17 CE Special Protection System Ramapo to Buchanan 345 kV Feeder Outages

During times when 345kV feeder Y94

- Ramapo to Buchanan is out of service, allow post

- cont ingency loading for the loss of 345kV feeder W93 to exceed STE ratings on Transformer TA

- 5 and 138kV feeder 95891; and during times when 345kV feeder W93

– Buchanan to Eastview is out of service, allow post

- contingency loading when 345kV feeder Y94 is open ended at Ramapo to exceed STE ratings on Transformer TA

- 5 and 138kV feeder 95891. If the stated event occurs during the specified outages, there is automatic overload protection installed to trip Buchanan 138kV breaker F7. Approved

NYRSC Executive Commi ttee May 9, 2003. E

- R1*

18 CE Applicable Rating Run Back of Generators Eastview to Sprainbrook 345 kV Feeder W79 Outages

During an outage to either feeder Y94/95891 or feeder W79, post

- contingency loadings shall be allowed to exceed the STE rating of East view transformer 2N for the loss of W79 or Y94/95891, respectively, provided Indian Point #2 generation can and will back down post

- contingency to reduce flows through transformer 2N within applicable limits, i.e., less than STE within 5 minutes and less t han LTE within 10 minutes from the initial overload. Approved NYRSC Executive Committee May 10, 2002. E

- R1NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 100 

### EXCEPTIONS TO RELIAB **ILITY RULES (CONT’D. )** 
**Exception Reference**  **No. TO**  **Exception Category**  **Exception NYSRC**  **Reliability Rule**  19

Rescinded 1/ 31/10 20 CE Applicable Rating PS&G Tie Feeders A2253, B3402, and C3403 Con Edison operates to post

- contingency STE ratings on underground circuits based on the ability to reduce the loading to LTE ratings within 15 minutes and not exceed LTE ratings on any other facilities. The following PSE&G tie feeders are operated to post

- contingency LTE ratings:

 A2253 Linden

- Goethals 230 kV

 B3402 Hudson

- Farragut 345 kV

 C3403 Hudson

- Farragut 345 kV

Approved NYRSC Executive Committee September 10, 1999 E

- R1NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 101 

### EXC **EPTIONS TO RELIABILI TY RULES (CONT’D.)** 
**Exception Reference**  **No. TO**  **Exception Category**  **Exception NYSRC**  **Reliability Rule**  21 CE Applicable Rating F30, F31, F36, F37, W64, 69, 70, W72, W75, W79, W80, W81, W82, W85, Y86, Y87, Y 88, Y89, W90, W93, Y94, an d W99 Above Normal Rating Operation The following feeders on the Consolidated Edison System have STE ratings which are limited by disconnect or wavetrap restrictions and not by conductor sagging limitations. These feeders will be operated above Normal rati ngs and up to LTE ratings (for 4 hours) without changing their STE ratings:
F30 Pleasant Valley

- Wood St. W80 Wood St.

- Millwood West F31 Pleasant Valley

- Wood St. W81 Wood St.

- Millwood West F36 Ple asant Valley

- East Fishkill W82 Millwood West

- Eastview F37 Pleasant Valley

- East Fishkill W85 Millwood West

- SprainBrook W64 Eastview

- SprainBrook Y86 Wood St.

- Pleasantville W65 Eastview

- SprainBrook Y87 Wood St.

- Pleasantville 69 Ramapo

- South Mahwah Y88 Ladentown

- Buchanan South 70 Ramapo

- South Mahwah W89 Pleasantville

- Dunwoodi e W72 Ramapo

- Ladentown W90 Pleasantville

- Dunwoodie W79 Eastview

- SprainBrook W99 Millwood West

- Eastview W93 Buchanan North

- Eastview Y94 Ramapo

- Buchanan Nort hW75 SprainBrook

- Dunwoodie (Winter Rating Period Only) Approved NYRSC Executive Committee September 10, 1999 E

- R1

22 CE Applicable Rating W97 and W98 Above Normal Rating Operation The following feeders on the Consolidated Edison System have overload rela y protection. These feeders will be operated above Normal rating and up to LTE rating (for 4 hours) without changing their STE ratings:

 W97 Buchanan South

- Millwood West

 W98 Buchanan South

- Millwood West

Approved NYRSC Executive Committee September 10, 1999 E

- R1NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 102 

### EXCEPTIONS TO RELIAB **ILITY RULES (CONT’D. )** 
**Exception Reference**  **No. TO**  **Exception Category**  **Exception NYSRC**  **Reliability Rule**  23 NG Special Protection System Generation Rejection at Athens

When the Athens Generation Special Protection System is a ctive, the post

- contingency flows on the Leeds

- Pleasant Valley 345kV line #92 or the Athens

- Pleasant Valley 345kV line # 91 are allowed to reach their STE ratings following the loss of the parallel #91 or #92 circuit respectively, provided that there is su fficient generation dispatched and selected for rejection/runback at the Athens generating station and that SPS rejection/runback actions take no more than three minutes in order to ensure that flows are returned to or below LTE ratings within 15 minutes. Approved NYRSC Executive Committee March 9, 2007 E

- R1*

*** See NYSRC Reliability Rules Section E Introduction for note on SPSs.**NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 103 

### VII. NYSRC PROCEDURE **FOR NEW YORK CONTRO L AREA** 

**TRANSMISSION REVIEWS**

1. Introduction

The NYSRC Reliability Rules req uire that the NYISO annually conduct four types of transmission assessments to ensure compliance with the Rules. These assessments shall be incorporated in a single report to be provided to the NYSRC Reliability Compliance Monitoring Subcommittee (RCMS).

A major assessment is the requirement for the NYISO to conduct annual reviews of the planed bulk power system of the New York Control Area (NYCA). The purpose of these reviews is to demonstrate that the planned NYCA bulk power transmission

sy stem is in conformance with the NYSRC Reliability Rules. It is also the intention of the NYSRC that conformance with the NYSRC Reliability Rules assure consistency
with the NPCC Criteria and NERC Standards . By this review, the NYSRC will satisfy
itself tha t the NYCA transmission, as planned, is in conformance with NYSRC Reliability Rules, and the NYISO is in full compliance with the rules.

The purpose of the remaining three assessments is to ensure compatibility of the NYCA System Restoration P lan (SRP) and Local Rules with the planned transmission system, and to perform an analysis of Extreme System Conditions.

2. Relationship with NPCC Area Transmission Reviews

NPCC Directory #1, NPCC Design and Operation of the Bulk Power System , requires
that each Planning Coordinator Area of NPCC prepare an annual assessment to determine whether its planned transmission system is in conformance with NPCC criteria. Procedures for conducting and reporting these transmission reviews are addressed in Appendix B o f Directory #1. NYSRC Policy 7 adopts the NPCC assessment requirements as applied to NYCA, and supplements it with requirements for additional NYSRC assessments as required by the NYSRC Reliability Rules. Coordination with preparation of NPCC Transmission Review is addressed in this policy. It is the intention by the NYSRC that the NYISO not duplicate transmission system analyses and reporting already required by NPCC Directory #1.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 104 3. Scope of Transmission Review

The transmission review shall incorporate NYI SO assessments for documenting compliance with the following NYSRC measurements:

 Measurement B

- M1

– This measurement requires thermal (Reliability Rule B

R1), voltage (Reliability Rule B

- R2), stability (Reliability Rule B

- R3), and
short circuit assessment s (Reliability Rule B

- R7).

 Measurement B

- M2

– This measurement requires the assessment of the risks and system performance resulting from extreme contingencies.

 Measurement B

- M3

– Compatibility with the NYCA system restoration plan (Reliability Rule B

- R5. )

 Measurement I

- M4

–

Compatibility with NYSRC Local Rules I

- R1 to I

- R5.

 Measurement K

- M3

– Extreme system conditions (Reliability Rule K

- R3).

The Measurements B

- M1 and B

- M2 transmission assessments shall cover the 4

- 6 year planning horizon shall be coordi nated with NPCC and NERC assessment requirements. They shall cover system performance results of simulation tests and include all supporting documentation specified in NPCC Directory 1, Appendix B, Guidelines and Procedures for NPCC Area Transmission Revie ws

.

4. Study Year

The NYCA transmission assessments for meeting Measurements B

- M1 and B

- M2 shall generally cover the 4

- 6 year planning horizon, as required by NPCC (refer to NPCC Directory 1, Appendix B, section 3.0)

5. Frequency of Reviews

The NYIS O shall submit the NYCA transmission review annually to the Reliability Compliance (RCMS) Subcommittee. The schedule for this submission shall be coordinated with NPCC reliability assessment program due dates. The NYISO shallNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 105 notify RCMS of the NPCC due da te of the next review as soon as it is announced by NPCC (refer to NPCC Directory 1, Appendix B, section 4.0).

6. Format of Transmission Review Report

6.1. Thermal, Voltage, Stability, Short Circuit, and Extreme Contingency Assessments

These assessments may include one of the following types: a Comprehensive (or Full) Review, an Intermediate (or Partial) Review, or an Interim Review. The type of assessment required to be submitted by the NYISO in any given year is defined in NPCC Directory #1, Appendix B, Sec tion 4.0. The types of assessment to be prepared by the NYISO for NYCA transmission review shall be consistent with these NPCC requirements.

The scope of thermal, voltage, stability, and short circuit assessments in the NYCA
transmission review shall be c onsistent with the assessment presentation formats as defined in NPCC Directory #1, Appendix B, sections 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0.

6.2. System Restoration Assessment

Measurement B

- M3 requires the NYISO to evaluate the NYCA reliability impacts of system expansion pl ans on the NYCA system restoration plan (SRP). This assessment further requires that the NYISO identify modifications in the SRP required if such reliability impacts are found. The NYISO shall provide
documentation or references for this assessment.

6.3. NY SRC Local Rules Assessment

Measurement I

- M4 requires the NYISO to consider Local Rules I

- R1 to I

- R5 in its development of the base case of the transmission assessments described in section 5.1. These local rules address NYC operating reserves and unit com mitment, loss of generator gas supply in NYC and LI, NYC thunderstorm watch. The local rulesNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 106 assessment discussion shall describe how local rules are applied in the system model
used for the transmission assessment.

6.4. Extreme System Condition Assessmen ts

As described in Reliability Rule K

- R3 and Measurement K

- M3, analytical studies shall be conducted under the following Extreme System Conditions:

a. A transmission assessment assuming extreme peak load conditions.
b. Loss of generating unit fuel supply.

S u pporting information for these assessments shall be provided. An evaluation of measures to mitigate the impact of Extreme System Contingency events, when serious consequences are determined, shall be provided.

From time to time, the NYSRC may request th e NYISO to conduct analyzes of other Extreme System Condition events.

Assessments for the above Extreme System Contingency events may not have to be provided when required by NPCC criteria. According, such NYISO
assessments conducted for NPCC shall be re ferenced.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 107 

### VIII. **RULE REVISION LOG**

**Rule/Measurement Initially**  **Adopted Revisions**  **A. Resource Adequacy**  R1. NYCA Installed Reserve Margin Requirement 09/10/99 08/17/01, 12/10/04, 01/05/07 R2. LSE Installed Capacity Requirement 09/10/99 10/12/01 R3. E xternal Installed Capacity (“External ICAP”) 08/17/01 M1 08/17/01 M2 08/17/01 M3 08/17/01 M4 08/17/01

**B. Transmission Capability** 

**– Planning**  R1. Thermal Assessment 09/10/99 03/14/03 R2. Voltage Assessment 09/10/99 04/13/07 R3. Stabi lity Assessment 09/10/99 12/10/04, 4/13/07 R4. Extreme Contingency Assessment 09/10/99 07/13/07 R5. Restoration 09/10/99 04/13/07 R6. List of NYS Bulk Power System Facilities 06/14/02 R7. Fault Current Assessment 02/14/03 M1 10/12/01 03/14 /03, 4/13/07 M2 10/12/01 M3 10/12/01 04/13/07 M4 06/14/02

**C. Resource, System & Demand Data Requirements**  R1. Verification Testing of Resource Capacity 09/10/99 08/17/01, 05/10/02 

, 03/14/03, 10/14/05 R2. Resource Availability Requirements 02/08/01 10/12/01 , 10/09/09 R3. Load Forecasting 08/17/01 R4. System Data Requirements 02/14/03 7/9/10 R5. Disturbance Recording 07/12/05 M1 08/17/01 05/10/02 ***** , 03/14/03, 10/14/05 , 1/9/09 , 11/12/10 M2 08/17/01 10/14/05 , 1/9/09 M3 08/17/0 1 10/14/05 , 11/12/10 M4 10/12/01 10/09/09 M5 10/12/01 03/10/06 , 10/09/09 M6 10/12/01 10/09/09 M7 08/17/01 M8 08/17/01 M9 02/14/03 12/09/05 , 7/9/10 M10 02/14/03 M11 09/12/03 7/9/10 M12 07/12/05 M13 07/12/05

**D. Oper**  **ating Reserves** R1. Operating Resource Adequacy 09/10/99 R2. Minimum Operating Reserve Requirement 09/10/99 08/11/06 R3. Availability and Category 09/10/99 01/09/04, 11/13/07 R4. Restoration of Ten (10) Minute Reserve 09/10/99 M1 10/12/01 11/13/07 , 12/04/09 RetiredNYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 108 

### RULE REVISION LOG

**Rule/Measurement Initially**  **Adopted Revisions**  M2 10/12/01 M3 10/12/01 12/04/09 Retired **E. Transmission Capability** 

**– Operating**  R1. Thermal Assessment 09/10/99 R2. Voltage Assessment 09/10/99 04/13/07 R3. Stability Assessment 09/10/99 04/13/07 R4. Post

- Contingency Operation 09/10/99 R5. Outage Coordination 09/10/99 R6. Operation During Impending Severe Weather 09/10/99 R7. Operation During a Severe Solar Magnetic Disturbance 09/10/99 R8. Fault Current Assessment 09/12/03 R9. Application of the NYSRC Reliability Rules 03/10/06 R10. Exceptions to the NYSRC Reliability Rules 12/14/07 M1 10/12/01 M2 10/12/01 10/07/03 , 12/04/09 Retired M3 10/12/01 M4 10/1 2/01 M5 10/12/01 12/04/09 Retired M6 09/12/03 M7 09/12/03 03/10/06 M8 03/10/06 M9 12/14/07 11/12/10

**F. Operating During Major Emergencies**  R1. Transmission Thermal Overloads 09/10/99 R2. Post

- Contingency STE Rating Violations 09/ 10/99 R3. High or Low Voltage 09/10/99 R4. Post

- Contingency Voltage 09/10/99 R5. Operating Reserve Deficiency 09/10/99 R6. Stability Limit Violation 09/10/99 R7. Low Frequency 09/10/99 R8. Load Shedding Allocation 09/10/99 M1 10/12/01 M2 10/12/01 10/14/05 M3 10/12/01 M4 10/12/01 03/10/06 M5 10/07/03 12/04/09 Retired M6 04/15/05

**G. System Restoration**  R1. NYCA System Restoration Plan 09/10/99 09/14/01, 03/10/06 , 8/14/09 R2. NYCA Blackstart Capability Plan 09/10/99 09/14/01, 03/10/06 , 8/14/09 R3

. R2. System Restoration Training and Simulation

Programs 09/10/99 09/14/01, 03/10/06 , 8/14/09

M1 09/14/01 01/09/04, 03/10/06, 07/13/07 , 8/14/09 , 1/07/11 M2 09/14/01 03/10/06 , 05/09/08 , 8/14/09 M3 09/14 /01 03/10/06 , 8/14/09 , 1/07/11 M4 09/14/01 03/10/06 , 05/09/08 , 8/14/09NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 109 **Rule/Measurement Initially**  **Adopted Revisions** 

**H. System Protection**  R1. Bulk Power System Protection 09/10/99 08/17/01

R2. Bulk Power System Protection Maintenance 09/1 0/99 08/17/01 M1 08/17/01 01/03/04 M2 08/17/01 06/14/02; 05/09/03, 10/07/03 M3 05/09/03 Replaced by New H

- M2, 10/07/03 **I. Local Reliability Rules**  R1. Operating Reserves/Unit Commitment (New York City) 09/10/99 R2. Locational Reserve s (New York City) 09/10/99 09/14/01, 11/13/07 R3. Loss of Generator Gas Supply (NYC & LI ) 09/10/99 04/11/02, 07/13/07 R4. Thunderstorm Watch (New York City) 09/10/99 R5. Loss of Generator Gas Supply (Long Island) 07/13/07 M1 12/14/01 M2 12/14/01 03/14/03, 05/09/03, 07/13/07 M3 12/14/01 05/09/03 M4 12/14/01 07/13/07 M5 12/14/01 M6 12/14/01 07/13/07

**J. NYISO Control Center Communications**  R1. NYISO/Market Participant Communications 09/10/99 R2. NYISO Communications Under Emergency Conditions 09/10/99 12/10/04 M1 10/12/01 M2 11/12/02 12/10/04 M3 12/10/04

**K. Reliability Assessment**  R1. NYISO Manuals 08/17/01 R2. Reliability Assessments 08/17/01 R3. Extreme System Conditions Assessment 07/12/05 M1 08/17/01 M2 08/17/01 10/14/05 , 1/9/09 , 12/4/09 M3 06/10/05

 Expedited Reliability Rule and Measurement modification.NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 110 

### NYSRC MANUAL VERSION HISTORY **RELIABILITY RULES MANUAL**

**Version Date**  **Changes** 1 2/1/02 Initial Rev 2 version 2 4/11/02 Table of Contents; Rules I

- R3 & 5 replaced by new I

- R3 (PRR

#47) 3 5/10/02 Expedited rule modification to C

- R1 and C

- M1 (PRR #50) ;

Revision to rule exception #19 (PRR #49) 4 6/14/02 Table of Contents; New Rule B

- R6 and Measurement B

- M4

(PRR #48); Revis ion to Measurement H

- M2; Update of NYSRC/NPCC/NERC Reliability Rule Cross

- Reference 5 11/12/02 New measurement J

- M2 (PRR #53); Glossary: Revised definition

of Reactive Power (PRR #51) 6 3/14/03 Table of Contents; New Rule B

- R7 and modified Measurement

B

- M1 (PRR #29); Modified Rule C

- R1 and Measurement C

- M1 (PRR #50); New Rule C

- R4 and Measurements C

- M9&10 (PRR #58); Update of NYSRC/NPCC/NERC Reliability Rule Cross

Reference; Revised Glossary definition of Dependable Maximum Net Capacity 7 5/9/03 Revise d Measurement H

- M2 and new Measurement H

- M3 (PRR

#55); Revised Exception #18 (PRR #56) 8 10/7/03 New Rule E

- R8 and related Measurements E

- M6 & E

- M7

(PRR #57); New Measurement C

- M11 (PRR #63); Revised Measurement E

- M2 & New Measurement F

- M5 (PRR #64); U pdated Reliability Rules Section B & E Guidelines 9 1/9/04 Revised Rule D

- R3 (PRR #65); Revised Measurement G

- M1

(PRR #66); New Glossary definition of Interruptible Load 10 12/17/04 Revised Rule J

- R2 & Measurement J

- M2 and New Measurement

J

- M3 (PRR #67); Revised Rule B

- R3 (PRR #70); Revised Rules Section B Tables A & B (PRR #71); Revised Rule A

- R1 (PRR #75); Revised Rules Section B Introduction 11 3/4/05 Revisions to the Introduction and Glossary Index 12 5/2/05 New Measurement F

- M6 (PRR #77); Revised S ection III to

account for new NERC Version 0 Standards 13 8/12/05 New Rule K

- R3 & Measurement K

- M3 (PRR #72); New Rule C

R5 & Measurements C

- M12 and C

- M13 (PRR #69); Revised Section III to include new rules 14 10/14/05 Revised Rule C

- R1 and Measurement s C

- M1, C

- M2, and C

- M3

(PRR #73); Revised Measurement F

- M2, and removal of Measurement K

- M2e and renumbering of F

- M2f&g (PRR #78) 15 12/9/05 Revisions to the Introduction; Revised Measurements C

- M9 and

C

- M11 (PRR #74)NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 111 **Version Date**  **Changes**
16 3/10/06 Revised Table of Contents; Revised Rules G

- R1, G

- R2 and G

- R3

and Measurements G

- M1, G

- M2, G

- M3, and G

- M4 (PRR #76); New Rule E

- R9 and New Measurement E

- M8 (PRR #79); Revised Measurement C

- M5 (PRR #80); Revised Measurement E

- M7 (PRR #81); Revised Measuremen t F

- M4 (PRR #82); Revised Measurements I

- M5 and I

- M6 (PRR #83); Revised Section III to include new rule; new glossary definitions of Blackstart Facility, Blackstart Provider, and System Operating States 17 8/11/06 Revised Rule D

- R2 and new glossary defini tion of Contingency

Reserve Adjustment Factor (PRR #85) 18 1/5/07 Revised Manual Introduction; Revised Introductions to

Reliability Rules Sections B, C, E, F, G, and I; Revised Rule A

R1 (PRR #89) 19 4/13/07 Revised Rules B

- R2, B

- R3, E

- R2, and E

- R3 and M easurement B

M1 (PRR #86); Revised B

- R5 and B

- M3 (PRR #90); Revised I

- R3 Reliability Rule Application 20 07/13/07 Revised Table of Contents; Revised Rule I

- R3 and new Rule I

R5, Revised Measurements I

- M2, I

- M4 and I

- M6, new glossary definition of Uncontro lled Loss of Electric Load (PRR #88); Revised Rule B

- R4 (PRR #91); Revised Measurements G

- M1.2 and G

- M1.10 (PRR #92). 21 12/14/07 Revised Table of Contents; Revised Introduction to Rule Section

D; Revised Rules D

- R3 and I

- R2, revised Measurement D

- M1,

rev ised glossary definitions of Operating Reserve, Non

Synchronized Reserve, Synchronized Reserve, and 30

- Minute Reserve (PRR #93); New Rule E

- R10 and new Measurement E

M9 (PRR #94); Revised Section III to include new Rule E

- R10; Revised Section VI, Exception s to NYSRC Reliability Rules. 22 5/9/08 Revised Manual Introduction; Revised Measurements G

- M2 and

G

- M4 (PRR #95); Removed References subsection from each Reliability Rule section; Revised Part III, NYSRC/NPCC/NERC Reliability Rules Cross

- Reference to acc ount for new NPCC and NERC Standards. 23 1/9/09 Revised Measurements C

- M1 and C

- M2 (PRR #96); Revised

Measurement K

- M2a (PRR #98); Revised Section I Introduction; Moved I

- R3 and I

- R5 Applications to follow Rule I

- R5; Revised Part III, NYSRC/NPCC/NERC Reli ability Rules Cross

Reference. 24 8/14/09 Revised Rules G

- R1, removed G

- R2, revised G

- R3and renumber

to G

- R2, revised G

- M1, G

- M2 and G

- M3 (PRR #99); Revised Part III, Cross

- Reference Section to remove G

- R2. 25 10/9/09 Revised Rule C

- R2, revised Measureme nts C

- M4, C

- M5, and C

M6, new Glossary definition of Suspect Data (PRR #101).NYSRC Reliability Rules January 7, 2011 112 **Version Date**  **Changes**
26 12/4/09 Revised Measurement K

- M2d, retirement of Measurements

D

- M1, D

- M3, E

- M2, E

- M5, and F

- M5 (PRR #102); Revised Part III, NYSRC/NPCC/NERC Relia bility Rules Cross

- Reference to account for new NPCC directories. 27 7/9/10 Revised Rule C

- R4, revised Measurements C

- M9 and C

- M11,

new Glossary definition of Developer, revised Glossary definition of Suspect Data (PRR 103). 28 11/12/10 Revised Measurem ents C

- M1 and C

- M3 (PRR #104); Revised

Measurement E

- M9 (PRR #105, 29 1/7/11 Revised Measurements G

- M1 and G

- M3, new Glossary definition

of Capability Year

and revised definition of Capability Period (PRR #106); Updated Section III

– Reliability Rule Cros s

Reference, New Section VII, “NYSRC Procedure for NYCA Transmission Reviews.”