410.3-1

RULE 410.3 Organic Solvent Deg reasing Operations

- Adopted

6/26/79, Amended 11/27/79, 6/29/81, 5/6/91, 3/7/96, 5/7/98 I. Applicability Requirements of th

is Rule shall apply to

organic solvent de

greasing opera

tions. II. Definitions A. Cold Cleaner : any batch loaded, non-boiling solvent degreaser. B. Condenser

Equipment : any equipment, such as refrigerated or non-refrigerated freeboard chillers, condenser coils, or water jacke

ts, used to condens

e solvent vapor in

a vapor degreaser. C. Condenser

Flow Switch : safety switch which shuts off sump heat if condenser wa

ter fails to circulate or if condenser water temperature rises above designated op erat ing temperature. D. Conveyorized Degreaser : any continuousl y loaded, convey

orized solvent de

greaser, eith

e r boiling or non-boiling. E. Degreaser : tank, tray, drum, or other container in which objects to be cleaned are exposed to a liquid or vapor

degreasing solve

nt. F. Freeboard Height : 1. For a cold cleaning degreaser, distance from top of solvent or solvent drain to top of degreaser, ba

sed on inside tank d

imensions. 2. For a remote reservoir degreaser, distance from solvent drain to top of degreas er, based on inside dime

nsions. 3. For a vapor degrea

ser, distance fr

om solvent air

-vapor inte

rface to top of ba

sic degreaser tank

, based on inside ta

nk dimensions. G. Freeboard Ratio : freeboard height divided by smaller of length or width of degreaser. H. High Volatility Solvent : any solvent that is n ot a low volatility sol

vent. I. Low Volatility Solvent : any solvent, including emulsions, containing no more than 2% volatile organic compounds by weight as determined by U.S. EPA Test Method 24. J. Make -Up Solvent : solvent added to a degreaser to replace solvent lost throu g h evaporation, ca

rryout, splashing,

leakage, or disp

osal.410.3-2

K. Open-Top Vapor Degreaser : any batch loaded, boiling solvent degreaser. L. RemoteReservoir : liquid solvent tank which is completely enclosed except for a solvent return opening no larger than 100 cm 2 (15 in 2 ) which allows use

d solvent to drain in

to it from a separate

solvent sink or wor

k area and which

is not accessible

for soaking parts
. M. Solvent : any liquid containi ng an organic com

pound or combinatio

n of organic compounds used as diluent, thinner, dissolver, viscosity reducer, cleaning agent, or other similar uses. These liquids are principally derived from petroleum and include petroleum distillates,chlorinated hydrocarbons , c hlorofluorocar bons, ketones, and

alcohols. Solutions, emulsions, and dispersions of water and soa p, or water and de

tergent, are not con sidered organic s olvents. Soaps and d etergents are c

onsidered water

based surfacta

nts. N. Spray Safety Switch : safety switch which cuts off spray applicator pump if vapor level drops below a spec

ified level. O. Vapor

Level Control Thermostat : safety switch which turn s off sump heater if temperature rises above design operating level at center of air-vapor interfac e. P. Volatile

Orga nic Compound (VOC) : any compound containing at least one atom of carbon except for compounds exempted by Rule 102, Subsection L. Q. Ultr asonic : enhancement of cleaning process by vibrating solvent with high frequen c y sound waves, cau

sing implosion of micr

oscopic vapor ca

vities within liquid so

lvent. R. Wipe Cleaning : method of cleaning which utilizes a cloth, cotton swab or other mate

rial, wetted with a solvent, which is physically rubbed on surface to be degreased. III. Exemptions A. Provisions of this Rule do not apply to wipe cleaning. B. Pr ovisions of this Rule, except Subsection IV.A.3.b., shall not apply to deg reasin g equipment using low

volatility solvent. C. Provisions of this Rule shall not apply to single pieces of degreasing equipment

which use unheated solvent, and which have liquid surface area of less than 929 cm 2 (1.0 ft 2 ). Such equipment

is not exemptif aggregate liquid surface area of all degreasers of this type at the st ati onary source is greater than 0.93 m 2 (10 ft 2 ). (See Rule 210.1, Section II for definition of Stationary Source.) D. Provisions of th is Rule shall not apply to degreasing equipment using halogenated solvents. Such equipment shall comply with Rule 423 (Subpart T of Part 63). IV. Requirements410.3-3

A. Cold

Cleaner Require

ments : Any person who opera tes a col d cleaner shall c

onform to following require

ments: 1. General Opera

ting Requirements :
a. Degreaser equipment and any emission control equipment shall be operated and maintained in proper working order; b. Solventleaks shall be corrected immediately, or degr easer s hut down and drained;
c. No de vic e designed to cove r solvent shall be o

pened or remove

d unless processing work in degreaser or performing maintenance on degreaser; d. If solvent flow is utilized, only continuous fluid stream (not fine, atomized, or shower type spray) shall be used at pressure which

does not cause liquid solvent to splash outside of solvent container;
e. No porous or absorbent materials such as clot h, leat her, wood, or rope shall be degreased; f. No solvent shall be sto red or dis

p osed, including waste solvent and solvent residues, in such manner to cause or allow its evaporation into atmosphere; g. Waste solvent and waste solvent residues shall be managed i n compliance with California

and Federal requirements applicable to solid wastes, hazardous wast es, or recyclable m

aterials; h. Solventagitation, where necessary, shall be achieved only by pump circulation, by means of mixer, or with ultrasonics. Air agitation shall not be used; i. Cleaned

parts shall be drained

for at least 15 se

conds after cle

aning or until dripping ceases; and j. Solvent spraying shall be done at least 4 inches below top of vapor layer. 2. Design Requireme

nts (Except Remote

Reservoir Cold Clea

ners) :
a. Freeboard height shall provide freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 0.75; b. Container

(degreaser) shall be

provided for solvent and objects being degreased;
c. Apparatus or cover shall be provided which preve nts solvent from evaporating when not degreasing objects in degreaser. Such cover s ha ll be designed to be opened and closed easily with one hand;410.3-4 d. Device shall be provided for draining cleaned parts such that drained solvent

is returned to a reservoir;
e. If high volatility solvent is used, drainage device shall be internal, so that degreased objects are enc lo sed under a cover while draining. Such drainage device may be external for applications where internal type canno t f it into cleaning system; f. Permanent,

conspicuous label or sign shall be affixed which lists all requ

irements of Subsection IV.A.1.; and g. Permanent,

conspicuous mark shall be p laced l ocating maximum all owable solventlevel which conf

orms to applicable freeboard requirement of Subsection IV.A.2.a. 3. Control Requireme

nts (Except Remote

Reservoir Cold Clea

ners)
a. If high volatility solvent is used, then one of following control devices shall be used: 1) Water cover if solvent is insoluble in and heavier than water; or 2) Any other system of

emission control demonstrated to have overall capture and control efficiency equivalent to at least 85%. b. If low volatility sol

vent is used, free

board height shall

be at least six inch

es. 4. Design Requireme

nts (Remote Reserv

oir Cold Cleaners)
a. If high volati lity solvent is used, cover shall be provided for drain when no objects are bein

g degreased; b. Freeboard height of at least six inches shall be maintained;
c. Sink-like work area shall be provided which is sloped sufficien tly towards drain to preclude poolin

g of solvent; d. Workplace fans shall not be used in manner which disturbs air-vapor interface;
e. Pe rmane nt, conspicuous labe l or sign shall be af

fixed summarizing

applicable operating requirements of Subsection IV.A.1.; and f. Permanent

conspicuous mark

shall be placed lo

cating maximum allo

wable solventlevel which conforms to applicable

freeboard requirement of Subsection IV.A.4.b.410.3-5

B. Open-Top Vapor Degreasers : Any person who operates an open-top vapor degreaser sha

ll conform to followi

ng requirements: 1. General Opera

ting Requirements :
a. Degreaser

equipment and any emission control equipment shall be operated and maintained in proper working order; b. Solventleaks shall be corrected immediately, or degr easer s hut down and drained;
c. No de vic e designed to cove r solvent shall be r

emoved or opened

unless degreasing objects work in degreaser or performing maintenance on degreaser ; d. If solvent flow is utilized, only continuous fluid stream (not fine, atomized, or shower type spray) shall be used at pressure which

does not cause liquid solvent to splash outside of solvent container;
e. No porous or absorbent materials such as clot h, leat her, wood, or rope shall be degreased; f. No solvent, including w aste solvent and so

lvent residues, sh

all be sto red or disposed in such manner as w

ill cause or allow its evaporation

into atmosphere; g. Waste solvent and waste solvent residues shall be managed i n compliance with California

and Federal requirements applicable to solid wastes, hazardous wast es, or recyclable m

aterials; h. Solventagitation, where necessary, shall be achieved only by pump circulation, by means of mixer, or with ultrasonics. Air agitation shall not be used; i. Objects

to be degreased

shall not occupy mor

e than half

of degreaser's open top area; j. Solvent spraying shall be done at least 4 inches below top of vapor layer; k. Water shall not be visually detectable in solvent returning from water separator to solvent cleaner; l. For ope n-top vapor degreasers equipped with a lip exhaust, exhaust shall be turned off when degreaser is covered;
m. Solvent carry-ou

t shall be minimized

by implementing foll

owing measures: 1. Rack degreased objects to allow complete drainage,410.3-6 2. Move objects in and

out of degreaser

at less than 3.3 m/min (2.2 inches/sec), 3. Degrease objec

ts in vapor zone un

til condensation c

eases, 4. Allow degreased objects to dry within degreaser until visually dry, and 5. Tip out any pools of s olvent on degrea

sed objects befor

e removal;
n. If unit is equipped with refrigerated freeboard chiller and/or primary condenser, following procedures shall be followed: 1. When starting up degre

aser, cooling sy

stem shall be turned on before, or simultaneously with, sump heater, and 2. When shutting down degr easer , sump heater shall be turned off before, or simultaneously with cooling system; and
o. Exhaust

ventilation shall not exceed 20 m 3 /min per m 2 (65 cfm/ft 2 ) of degreaser openarea, unless necessar y to meet OSHA requ

irements. Ventilation fans s hall be positioned to not disturb vapor zone. 2. Design Requireme

nts :
a. Freeboard height shall provide a freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 0.75; b. Container

(degreaser) shall be provided for solvent and ob

jects being degreased;
c. Anapparatus or cover shall be provided, which preven ts solvent from evaporating when not

degreasing obje

cts in degreaser

. Cover shall

be designed to be opened and closed easily without disturbing vapor zone; d. Device shallbe provided for d raining degreas

ed objects such that drained solvent is returned to a reservoir; and
e. Permanent,

conspicuous label or signs shall be affixed which lists all operating requirements of Subsection IV.B.1. 3. Cont rol Requirements : One of following o r combination of f

ollowing contr

o l devices shall be utilized:
a. Condenser

equipment with

chilled air blanket temperature measured in degrees F at coldest point on v

ertical axis i n center of solvent cleaner shall be operated at either temperature no greater than 30% of initial boiling point of the solvent used, or 41 F;410.3-7 b. E n closed

design (cover or

door opens only whe

n dry object to be d

egreased is actually entering or exiting degreaser);
c. Carbonadsorption system which ventilates air-vapor interface at minimum rate of 15 m 3 /min per m 2 (50 c fm/f t 2 ), but not greater than 20 m 3 /min per m 2 (65 cfm/ft 2 ), unless required b y OSHA standards,

and exhausts less than 25 ppm of solventby volume

over complete adsorption cycle, and with overall capture and control efficiency of 85%; or d. Any other systemof emission contro l demonstrated to

have overall capture and control efficiency of at least 85%. 4. Safety Switch Requ

irements :
a. D egreaser

shall be equipped with condenser flow switch with solvent temperatur e indicator, exce

pt where non-wa

ter refrigera

nt is used; b. Degreaser shall be equipped with spray safety switch; and
c. Degreaser

shall be equipped

with manual reset

vapor level contr ol thermostat with solvent temperature indicator. C. C onveyor ized

Solvent Degreaser : Any person who operates a conveyorized solvent degreaser sha

ll conform to follow

ing requirements : 1. General Opera

ting Requirements :
a. Degrea se r

equipment and emission control equipment shall be operated and maintained in proper working order; b. Solventleaks shall be corrected immediately, or degreaser shut down a nd drained;
c. If solventflow is utilized, degreaser shall use only continuous fluid stream (not fine, atomized, or sh

ower type spray) at pr

essure which doe

s not cause liquid solvent to splash outside of solvent container; d. No porous or absorbent materials such as cloth, leather, wood, or rope shall be degreased;
e. No solvent, including waste solvent and s olvent res idues, shall be stored or disposed in such manner as will cause or allow its evapora

tion into atmosphere; f. Waste solvent

and waste solvent residues shall be managed in complia nce with California

and Federal requirements applicable to sol id wastes, hazardous wa stes,410.3-8 or recyclable m

aterials; g. Solventagitation, where necessary, shall be achieved only by pump circulation, by means of a mixer, or with ultrasonics. Air agitation shall not be used; h. Solvent carryout s

hall be minimized by

implementing follow

ing measures: 1. Racking degreased objects to allow complete drainage; and 2. Maintaining vertical conveyor speed at less than 3. 3 m eters/min. (2.2 inches/sec); i. Exhaust

ventilation shall not exceed 20 m 3 /min per m 2 (65 cfm/ft 2 ) of degreaser opening, unless necessary to meet OSHA requ irements. Ventila tion fans shall be positioned to not disturb vapor zone; and j. Down-time

cover shall be placed over entrance s and exits of conveyorized degreasers immediately after conveyor and exhaust are shutdown and removed just before start up. 2. Design Requireme

nts :
a. Container shall be provided for solvent and objects being degreased; b. Freeboard height shall provide freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 0.75; c. Anapparatus or co

ver shall be provided which prevents solvent from evaporating when not degreasingobjects. Covers shall be provided for closing off entrance and exit during non-operation; d. Device for dra

ining degreased

objects shall

be provided

such that drained solvent is returned to a reservoir;
e. For degreasers with greater than 2 m 2 air/vapor interface, hood or enclosure shall be provided with device or ductwork to collect degreaser emissions, exhausting to carbon adsorber or equivalent control device; f. Drying tunnel or other de vice, such as rota

ting ba sket, sufficient to prevent cleaned parts from carrying out solvent liquid or vapor shall be provided; and g. Entran ces and exits shall be minimized by silhouetting objects to be degreased so that average clearance between objectsand edge of degreaser opening is either less than 10 cm (4in.) or

less than 10 perce

nt of width

of opening, which

ever is less. h. Permanent,

conspicuous label or s ign sha ll be affixed which lists all operating410.3-9 requirements of Subsection IV.C.1. 3. Control Requirements : One of following o r combination of f

oll owing control de vices shall be utilized:
a. Condenser

equipment with chil

led air blanket te

mperature meas

ured in degrees F at coldest point on v

ertical axis in

cente r of solvent cleaner shall be operated at temper a ture no greater than 30% of initial boiling point of solvent used, or 41 F; b. Carbonadsorption system which ventilates air-vapor interface at minimum rate of 15 m 3 / min per m 2 (50 cfm/ft 2 ), but not greater than 20 m 3 /min per m 2 (65 cfm/ft 2 ), unless required by OSHA standards, and exhausts less than 25 ppm of solventby volume over complete adsorption cycle, and with overall capture and control efficiency of 85% by weight; or
c. Any other systemof emission control demonstrated to have overall capture and control efficiency of at least 85%. 4. Safety Switch Requ

irements :
a. Deg reaser shall be equipped with condenser flow switch with solvent temperature indicator, except where non-water refrigerant is used; b. Degreaser shall be equipped with spray safety switch; and
c. Degreaser

shall be equipped w ith m anual reset vapor level control thermostat with solvent temperature indicator. V. Administrative Requirements A. Record Keeping : 1. Any person subject to r equirements of th

is Rule shall have solvent manufacturer specification

sheets available

for review and s

hall maintain records which show on quarterly basis, following information for each degreaser:
a. Type of degreaser, b. Type of solvent,
c. Solvent(s) initial b

oiling point, d. Volume of solvent used, and
e. Volume of make-up solvent added to degreaser. 2. Each time waste solvent or waste solvent residues are removed from facility, records410.3-10 shallbe kept confirmin

g compliance with a

cceptable dispos

al methods l i sted in Subsections IV.A.1.g., IV.B.1.g., or IV.C.1.f. 3. Records shall be maintain ed fo r minimum of two years and made available for inspection by Contr

ol Officer upon r

equest. B. Test Methods : Following test methods shall apply to this Rule: 1. Initial boiling point of solvent shall be determined by ASTM 1078-78; 2. Where “add-on” contr ol equipment is utiliz

ed, collection efficiency shall be determined

using U.S . EPA document entitled "Model Regulatory Language for Capture Efficiency Testing" dated 8/3/90; 3. Analysisof halogenat ed exemp t compounds shall be made using CARB Test Method 432; 4. VOC emissions shall be me asured by using U. S. EPA Test Method 25, 25a, or 25b, as applicable, and

analysis of haloge

nated exempt comp

ounds shall be made

with CARB Test Method 422; and 5. Exhaust

ventilation rates

shall be measure

d using U.S. EPA Test

Method 2, 2a, 2b, or 2c.