*

 The Honorable Jed S. Rakoff, of the United States District Court for the Southern

District of New York, sitting by designation.

11-5282-cr .

United States v. Nguyen

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

SUMMARY ORDER

RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A

SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY

FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN

CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE

EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION

“SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY

PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

At a stated Term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the

Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, at 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York, on

the 25th day of January, two thousand thirteen.

Present: ROBERT A. KATZMANN,

RAYMOND J. LOHIER, JR.,

Circuit Judges,

JED S. RAKOFF,*

District Judge. 

____________________________________________________________

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Appellee,

- v - No. 11-5282-cr

HO DUC NGUYEN, AKA AH WAH,WILLIAM NAGATSUKA, AKA JAPANESE

WILLIAM, SUI MIN MA, AKA FRANK MA, AKA MA GOR, PAUL CAI, BING YI CHEN,

AKA AH NGAI,

Defendants,

and

LUYEN DAO NGUYEN, AKA AH WING, AKA AH WREN, 

Defendant-Appellant.

____________________________________________________________
1

Nguyen also challenges the sentencing appeal waiver in the plea agreement that he

executed, arguing that the waiver is unenforceable. The government does not seek to enforce the

appeal waiver. Accordingly, we reach the merits of Nguyen’s arguments here.

2

For Defendant-Appellant: STEPHEN MARZEN (Jason M. Swergold and Sue Kim, on the

brief), Shearman & Sterling LLP, Washington, DC

For Appellee: PAUL M. MONTELEONI (Brent S. Wible, on the brief), Assistant

United States Attorneys, for Preet Bharara, United States

Attorney for the Southern District of New York

Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Southern District of

New York (Batts, J.).

ON CONSIDERATION WHEREOF, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED,

AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

Defendant Luyen Dao Nguyen appeals from a December 14, 2011, judgment of

conviction entered in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York

(Batts, J.), following his plea of guilty to one count of participation in a racketeering enterprise

in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1962(d) and one count of murder while engaged in a narcotics offense

in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 848(e)(1)(A). The district court principally sentenced him to 400

months of imprisonment, a sentence within the federal Sentencing Guidelines range. We assume

the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts and procedural history of the case. 

Nguyen challenges both the procedural and substantive reasonableness of his sentence.1

We review sentences for “unreasonableness,” which “amounts to review for abuse of discretion.” 

United States v. Cavera, 550 F.3d 180, 187 (2d Cir. 2008) (en banc).

Nguyen contends that his sentence is procedurally unreasonable because the district court

did not consider the mitigation evidence relating to his troubled childhood and his rehabilitation

prior to his arrest. However, “we entertain a strong presumption that the sentencing judge has
3

considered all arguments properly presented to her, unless the record clearly suggests

otherwise.” United States v. Fernandez, 443 F.3d 19, 29 (2d Cir. 2006). Here, the record

contains no such clear suggestion. 

Nguyen’s reliance on United States v. Woltmann, 610 F.3d 37 (2d Cir. 2010), is

misplaced. There, the district court explicitly refused to consider material that was relevant to

the sentencing. Id. at 38. Here, the district court listened to oral argument with respect to the

mitigation evidence and stated that it had received the written materials submitted by the

defendant. Indeed, the district court indicated that it had considered the mitigation evidence

offered by the defense, acknowledging that “the defendant indeed had a harrowing life

experience and deprivation as a child” and that “the defendant has made efforts at living a life

without crime for several years before his arrest on these charges in 2003.” App’x 173-74. At

no point did the district court suggest that it would not or did not consider the mitigation

evidence. Nguyen fails to overcome the strong presumption that the district court considered the

argument that he presented with respect to mitigation.

Nguyen contends that his sentence is substantively unreasonable because the district

court placed undue weight on the sentence of Nguyen’s co-defendant, Paul Cai. Nguyen

principally argues that his sentence should have been similar to Cai’s and that the district court

should not have sentenced Nguyen to a longer period of imprisonment based on his more

extensive criminal history. “We do not, as a general matter, object to district courts’

consideration of similarities and differences among co-defendants when imposing a sentence.” 

United States v. Frias, 521 F.3d 229, 236 n.8 (2d Cir. 2008) (quoting United States v. Wills, 476

F.3d 103, 110 (2d Cir. 2007), abrogated on other grounds as recognized by Cavera, 550 F.3d
4

180). Indeed, “it is appropriate for a district court, relying on its unique knowledge of the

totality of the circumstances of a crime and its participants, to impose a sentence that would

better reflect the extent to which the participants in a crime are similarly (or dissimilarly)

situated and tailor the sentences accordingly.” Wills, 476 F.3d at 110 (emphases omitted). The

district court did so here, and neither its consideration of Cai’s sentence nor the final sentence

that it imposed is substantively unreasonable. 

We decline to reach Nguyen’s argument, made for the first time in his reply brief, that the

sentence is procedurally unreasonable because it rests on clearly erroneous findings of fact. See

McBride v. BIC Consumer Prods. Mfg. Co., 583 F.3d 92, 96 (2d Cir. 2009) (“[W]e ordinarily

will not consider issues raised for the first time in a reply brief.”). 

We have considered defendant’s remaining arguments and find them to be without merit. 

Accordingly, for the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

FOR THE COURT:

CATHERINE O’HAGAN WOLFE, CLERK