IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

In the Matter of the Personal Restraint 

of 

KENNETH ARONSON

No. 85683-9-I

DIVISION ONE

UNPUBLISHED OPINION

BIRK, J. — In his personal restraint petition, Kenneth Aronson challenges 

his conviction of first degree rape of a child and aggravated first degree child 

molestation, contending that the State failed to present evidence sufficient to prove 

beyond a reasonable doubt that (1) Aronson penetrated A.S., (2) Aronson touched 

A.S. for the purpose of sexual gratification, and (3) the crime of first degree child 

molestation was part of an ongoing pattern of sexual abuse of A.S. Because 

Aronson’s petition is untimely, we dismiss the petition. 

I

The State presented the following evidence at the trial relevant to Aronson’s 

sufficiency of the evidence challenge.

Aronson was in a relationship with Barbara Avant from about 2006 to

November 2011. In mid-2008, Avant moved into Aronson’s house in Hoquiam, 

Washington. Avant had a daughter, A.S., who was between the ages of six and 

11 while Avant and Aronson were in a relationship. A.S. lived most of the time with 
No. 85683-9-I/2

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her father, but frequently came to visit Avant at Aronson’s residence. When Avant 

had to work, Aronson would take care of A.S. 

A.S. testified that when she was in kindergarten, Aronson “started having 

me watch porn with him and then he would pull out his penis and ask me to touch 

it. And sometimes he would try to get me to give him oral sex.” A.S. remembered 

multiples times where Aronson forced her to give him a “hand-job” until he 

ejaculated. When Aronson had A.S. touch his penis, “it would either be in his living 

room, his closet next to his safe, and his garage, and his little karaoke area, or in 

his bed sometimes.” A.S. further stated that when she was in first or second grade, 

she and Aronson were watching porn in his bedroom when “he had me pull down

[my pants] and he licked my vagina.” Once A.S. started going through puberty, 

Aronson paid A.S. to pull down her pants and show him her pubic hairs. The 

alleged abuse began when A.S. was five and ended when she was 11. 

In November 2014, A.S., then 14 years old, told Avant that Aronson had 

sexually abused her during the time Avant and Aronson lived together. Avant 

contacted police, who began an investigation. A.S. was taken to a sexual assault 

clinic at Providence St. Peter’s Hospital and was examined by nurse practitioner 

Judith Presson. A.S. disclosed to Presson that when she was seven, Aronson put 

his mouth on her vagina and told her “ ‘he needed that.’ ” 

The State charged Aronson with first degree rape of a child and first degree 

child molestation, both with an aggravator of prolonged abuse. The jury found

Aronson guilty as charged. Aronson appealed and this court affirmed the 

conviction in May 2020. See State v. Aronson, No. 51958-5-II (Wash. Ct. App. 
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May 12, 2020) (unpublished), https://www.courts.wa.gov/opinions/pdf/D2%

2051958-5-II%20Unpublished%20Opinion.pdf. We issued our mandate on 

October 20, 2020. Almost three years later, on March 24, 2023, Aronson filed this 

petition for relief from personal restraint. 

II

Aronson contends that his petition is timely and that relief is warranted 

because there was insufficient evidence to support his conviction. RCW 10.73.090

bars personal restraint petitions filed more than one year after a judgment 

becomes final, where a judgment is valid on its face and rendered by a court of 

competent jurisdiction. However, the time bar does not apply if the petitioner 

pleaded not guilty and the evidence was insufficient to support a conviction. RCW 

10.73.100(4). Aronson’s petition is time barred unless the evidence was 

insufficient to support a conviction. 

To obtain collateral relief by means of a personal restraint petition, a 

petitioner must demonstrate unlawful restraint. RAP 16.4(a). Under both the 

federal and state constitutions, due process requires that the State prove every 

element of a crime beyond a reasonable doubt. State v. Johnson, 188 Wn.2d 742, 

750, 399 P.3d 507 (2017). For a claimed violation of constitutional rights, a 

petitioner bringing a collateral challenge to a judgment and sentence “must show 

with a preponderance of the evidence that he or she was actually and substantially 

prejudiced by a violation of constitutional rights.” In re Pers. Restraint of Mines,

190 Wn. App. 554, 562, 364 P.3d 121 (2015). A conviction based on insufficient 
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evidence contravenes the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 316, 99 S. Ct. 2781, 61 L. Ed. 2d 560 (1979).

In reviewing a claim for insufficient evidence, this court considers “ ‘whether, 

after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any 

rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond 

a reasonable doubt.’ ” State v. Green, 94 Wn.2d 216, 221, 616 P.2d 628 (1980),

overruled on other grounds by Washington v. Recuenco, 548 U.S. 212, 126 S. Ct. 

2546, 165 L. Ed. 2d 466 (2006) (quoting Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319). In a sufficiency 

of the evidence claim, the defendant admits the truth of the State’s evidence and 

all inferences that reasonably can be drawn from that evidence. State v. Colquitt, 

133 Wn. App. 789, 796, 137 P.3d 892 (2006). Sufficiency of the evidence is a 

question of constitutional law that we review de novo. State v. Rich, 184 Wn.2d 

897, 903, 365 P.3d 746 (2016).

A

Aronson argues there is insufficient evidence to support his conviction for 

child rape in the first degree because the State failed to demonstrate penetration. 

We disagree.

To convict Aronson of first degree rape of a child, the State had to prove 

beyond a reasonable doubt that (1) between October 24, 2006 and December 31, 

2011, Aronson engaged in sexual intercourse with A.S., (2) A.S. was less than 12 

years old at the time of the sexual intercourse and was not married to Aronson, (3) 

A.S. was at least 24 months younger than Aronson, and (4) the act occurred in 

Washington. “Sexual intercourse” includes, in addition to intercourse based on 
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penetration, “any act of sexual contact between persons involving the sex organs 

of one person and the mouth or anus of another, whether such persons are of the 

same or opposite sex.” RCW 9A.44.010(14)(c). 

A.S. testified that when she was in first or second grade, she was watching 

porn with Aronson in his bedroom when Aronson licked her vagina. Presson 

testified that A.S. disclosed to her that when A.S. was seven, Aronson put his 

mouth on her vagina. The State presented sufficient evidence from which a 

rational trier of fact could have found beyond a reasonable doubt that Aronson 

engaged in sexual intercourse with A.S.

B

Aronson argues there is insufficient evidence to support his conviction for 

child molestation because the State failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt 

that Aronson touched A.S. for purpose of sexual gratification. We disagree.

To convict Aronson of first degree child molestation, the State had to prove 

beyond a reasonable doubt that (1) between October 24, 2006 and December 31, 

2011, Aronson had sexual contact with A.S., (2) A.S. was less than 12 years old 

at the time of the sexual contact and was not married to Aronson, (3) A.S. was at 

least 36 months younger than Aronson, and (4) the act occurred in Washington. 

RCW 9A.44.083(1). “Sexual contact” is “any touching of the sexual or intimate 

parts of a person done for the purpose of gratifying sexual desires from either 

party.” RCW 9A.44.010(13). However, “ ‘Sexual gratification’ is not an essential 

element of the crime of first degree child molestation but a definitional term that 

clarifies the meaning of the essential element, ‘sexual contact.’ ” State v. Lorenz, 
No. 85683-9-I/6

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152 Wn.2d 22, 36, 93 P.3d 133 (2004). The definition serves to exclude 

inadvertent touching or contact from being a crime. Id. at 34.

A.S. testified that she was near the end of kindergarten when she first 

touched Aronson’s penis, and the last time she touched him was in fifth grade. A

rational trier of fact could have found beyond a reasonable doubt that Aronson had

sexual contact with A.S.

C

Aronson argues the State failed to prove the aggravating factor for first 

degree child molestation beyond a reasonable doubt. To support the aggravator 

the State had to prove the crime was part of an ongoing pattern of sexual abuse 

of the same victim under the age of 18 years manifested by multiple incidents over 

a prolonged period of time. A.S. testified she gave Aronson “hand jobs” starting at

age five or six and ending when she was 11. Furthermore, she testified it would 

occur once or twice a month. This evidence is sufficient to support an affirmative 

finding of the aggravator. 

Because the State provided sufficient evidence to prove each count beyond 

a reasonable doubt, Aronson’s personal restraint petition does not meet an 

exception to RCW 10.73.090 and is untimely. Therefore, we dismiss the petition. 

WE CONCUR: