cald, Often the $0 dadly Durned that

& pertisi the wall treaks affected area may be~
come creamy white in color. ted tissue nay dry

iy
cown to almcst paper thinness and the ares will appear grayish clack -
te black having become infected by disease erganisms, The injury .
resembles dry rot in many resvects, iany peppers affected with sun-
sealé, arrive at ths rrocessing plant with the walls of the affected
area oreken. Such peppers fail to meet requirements of U. S. No. 1
grade, If the affected area of a pepper is not punctured and not over
5 percent waste in excess of that which would cccur if the pepper were
perfect is incurred in removing the injury, it will meet U. S$. No. 1
requirements, When the wall of 2 sunscalded pepper is punctured, it
will grade J. S, No. 2 srovided the waste in removing the injury is
not over 20 percent. The inspector should alweys break open such
Peppers te determine whether ths inside of the wall is affected with
mold, as is often the case, Cften the amount cf waste involved is
much more than is evident from external examination of the sunscaided
area because of mold devolooment inside the pesper, Ths moldy pertion
of the wall, of course, should be included with the sunscaided portion
in determining the amount of wasts involved.

Scars, Scars are generall

growing cericd. They should

Yy caused oy some injury during the
de scored on a waste basis,

2 injured during
cles or splits
t No, 1 Grade,
considered as
cause crer 20 per-

turally some pepper
vs which show smell
incident to proper handling should not b=

g
Feppers having large fresh holss or splits should be
No. 2 grade unless the injury is so extensive 2s to
cent waste.

gets such as bird pecks, insect
& worm damage) should he handled urde
ge and serious damage,

.. Care cf Memorznda,
to prevent clank menorand
right to use then. Hac

m of all unused senor:
fice at the close of

Inspectors will receive spec
vising Instectar with reference to =
memoranda, Seme States desire the
T.

make other arrangements.

sg

(us)

(h6)

“
e
)

n
\

Ee
‘oO


POINT INSPECTION HANDBOOK
FOR
PEPPERS FOR PROCESSING

INTRODUCTION

Considerable acreage is devoted to the production of sweet
peppers fer processing in the middle Atlantic St tates, chiefly Delaware
and New Jersey. Not many canners engage in the processing of this
product, but those whe do are inclined to contract lar geracreages

with growers,

Swee e diced before packing, so canners prefer the
largsr growing ties such as World Beater and various strains of
California Forder » Some of eed companies have coonerated

in develop tre: that will produce a
lar percentage of four po Seed is generally saved
by the canners and during r s been a profitable side-
line to the canning operati

INSFECTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY

Contracts usually will stipulate e certain price per ton for
U.S. No, 1, @ lower price for U.S. No. 2, and nothing fer Cull
peppers. Therefore, it is the duty cf the inspector to determine

the percentage of each grade and culls in loads delivered to processing
plants or loading stations and to report the percentages on inspection
memoranda. These percentages furnish the basis for settlement for the

loads,

Some processors may contract on the basis of a flat rate for
both No, l's and Ne, 2's and require only that the percentage of culls
be determin ined, 2 is satisfactory to make inspections on this basis

when it fur: necessary information for applying the provi-
siens of th between the processor and the grower,

Processcrs may reserve th
leads which cont: more than a specifie centage of culls or
less than a specified percentage of No, peppers, The Inspection
Service has no authority to reject loads that f2il to meet contract
specifications, The inspector should report to the yard-2 oreman
loads which fail to meet contract srecificati ions, after which i)
the processor's responsibility to reject or accept such leads.

ontract to reject all
a

HA

4

(2)

(2)

(3)

(lL)


~ Ih «

—- -c~sampling loads of irregular quality.

When the grower or processor questions the accuracy of the (65)
sampling but does not question the grade interpretation of the inspec= .
tor, it will te permissible for the same inspector to select additional
samples for analysis. These samples should be inspected, and the re-

ts of the two inspections combined into a weighted average on a new
memorandum, The first memorandum, if issued, should be voided. :.

(2) Appeal _on Grading. If either the processor or grower (66)
questions tae accuracy of an inspector!s report because of grade inter= :
pretation, he may request an eppeal inspection to verify his contention.
Such a request usually cannot be granted at outlying plants or receiving
stations where only one inspector is located unless a Keyman or Super-
vising Inspector happens to ce in the immediate vicinity. If either one
of the latter is not available, the inspector should endeavor to adjust
the difficulty, rerheps by taking additicnal samples and giving a de-
tailed explanation of the reasons for his scoring, If a processor or
grower is still not satisfied with the inspector's interpretation of
grade factors, it is of course his privilege to notify the Supervising
Inspector of this dissatisfaction and it then ceccmes the duty of the
Supervisor to take such steps as he deems necessary to correct the
situation. If an inspector is in doubt as to whether some of his srade
interpretations are correct he should so notify his Supervisor and per-
haps request an early check up of his grade interpretations.

Memoranda issued on an appeal inspection upon request of either (67)
a grower or processor should include only the results of the second
examination. In other words, results of the appeal inspection should
never be averaged with those. obtained and reported on the first memoren-
dum by the first inssector.

When Second Inspection Not an Apveal, If a considerable period (58)
of time has elapsed gince the first inscection was made, or the load
has teen out of the insrectisn yard, a second inspection should be
treated as a new inspec tien and no reference should be mede ta the
first memorandum, This procedure is necessary in the inspection of
peovers for processing, as they ripen very rapidly curing the canning
seascn, particularly during seriods of het weather. It is possible for
a load to show 2 certain cercentage of culls owing to lack of color, and
several hours later the same load may. show a considerably lower percentage
of culls.

~
Number of Samples to te Examined on Apceal or Second (69)
Inscection, "The number of samples to te sxamined in the case of an



Insvecticn Urder Artificia In some cannery plants, in
order to handle the volume, it ma essary to insvect persérs urder
artificial light, hile the Depertment does not favor inspection of
Peppers urder artificial light, it must be recegnized ¢ frequently
it cannot te avoided. In these cases the Inspection Service should in-
sist on the proper lighting facilities for both the grading table and
the place there the lcads are to ba sampled. In circumstances of this
Kind the inssecter should consult with the Surervising Inspector re-
garding proper lighting facilities. :

sf
ce)
oO

Inspection in Sunlight. The insrector should never attempt to
grade reosers in the sun; the tables should be kept in the shade, as
the true cclor carnot be distinguished when the sun is on the peppers,

DMTERFERENCE WITH INSFECTORS ORK AND ABUSE OF INSPICTORS

There inidate or
influence the inssecter o> the growers
may even go so far as to tr: n& to
another of higher grade, I that the

7

Inspection Service und2r iz iciz
Sec. 51.46, has authority to suspend the service under such conditions,
“Whenever a grower becomes abusive or interferes with the work of the
inspectar and will not listen to reason, the insrectcr should refuse to
grade his load and so advise the grover and precesser, It will then be
up to the processor and the grower to adjust ceyment.cf the lead with-
out inspection or properly to assure the inspector that the future con-
duct of the grower will be satisfactory, “hen such instances cccur,
the inspector should immediately srepare a written report for the

eguilations, $.2.A. 93,

oy

a
Supervisor setting forth all rarticulars,

among inspectars 25 to the compart
graces are placed when sorting, I
all inspectors used the same compa:
some inscectors find it easier to ¢
hand compartments and culls in the lef

whereas others find it handier to reverse the compartments for these
two classifications, ost inspectors use the forward center c
mentfor No, 2's, Size of the various compartments of previously c
structed tacles also aay determine which shail be used for the var
grades, The cull compartment may se smell, whereas that used for
No. L's should be large enough to hold most of + Sine

gince
seems imcessible to ein meximum efficiency
instectors use the

4

‘

Ak be or be oO F
Pee

nus

ray
wo

ce

(24)

(25)

(26)



© do the manual labor, it is the responsibility of the inspector
select representative samples.

He should always remember that he, and not the helper, signs .—~ (1)
the-memorandum, Regardless cf how competent the helper mey be, the
inspector must not allow him to select-semples from a load without
comparing them with containers on the remainder of the load, If in
his opinion samples selected by the helver are not representative he
should point cut other samples to be taken from the load.

Helpers are employees of the processor and many growers may (2)
get the impression that these men are working for the interests of
their employer unless the inspector by his actions lets it be know
that he is supervising the selection of the samples, He should not
hesitate to tell helpers to select other samples or point out the
containers that he desires.

Tne inspector should make every effort possible to select con- 23)
tainers from all parts of the load, particularly if he has reason to
believe that the load has been "stacked", Frequently it is pessible
to take additional samples when the peppers are being unloaded. He
should always avoid taking sample containers that ere too easily ac-
cessible as they my have been placed there for that purpose. It is
also good practice to continually vary the positions from which samples
are taken from the loads, ,

‘Mininur Number of Samples. Frequently at the beginning or end- (1L)
ing of the season growers deliver only 2 few containers and when the
jcad has 10 or less containors it is permissible to make a composite
sample taken from the top of one container and the bottom of another.
For loads having more than 10 containers the following rules sheuld
be used as a guide in selecting the minimum number cf samples for
various sized loads:

+e

2 containers for more than 10 to 50,
3 containers for more than 50 to L50,
L containers for more than 50.

These mumbers are minimum and there is no objection to in- (15)
creasing the number of samples when the time will permit. in
fact, the Supervising Inspectar may set other minimums when the
conditions justify increasing the number, Certainly when the
quality is irreguler, loads should not be inspected on the basis
of the minimum number,



2
in

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udment

action ta:

sen

is

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should contact

best

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structions,
his

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the

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instances
iv

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Late action,
vise

21
med:
taly ad

ta

ective measures can be taken if the proper course was

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ecessary to take in

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ut should

covered by such instructions.

the Su:
that cerr

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Llewed,

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order
not

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(7)

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SAMPLES

SELECTICN OF

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-15-

. eppeal or second inspection will depend upon the uniformity of the
lot in question and the character of the defects, If the load shows

es
considerable irregularity, double the usual number of samples should
be taken, If the quality is relatively uniform in the different con-
tainers, ami it is only a question of proper interpretation of certain
quality factors, it may be sufficient to examine the peppers in the
same number of containers as in the first inspection,

An appeal, or second inspection, should never be made of the (70)
peppers in the same containers as were used in the first inspection.


if the load is sent back to the inspection platform for the {19)s
examination of portions not accessible for sampling at the time of
the first inspection, the weighted average of the two inspections
should be given for the load as.a whole, and the first memorandum
should be voided, If the portion of the lead returned for re~sampling
is to be weighed, it will not be necessary to average the result of the
two inspections, and a new memorandum should be issued on this portion
of the load, and treated as a new inspection without any reference to
the first inspectien, The number of containers show on the first
memorandum should be reduced to agree with the number unloaded before
the second weighing,

Some processors may stipulate in their contracts with the growers (20)
that leads shoring a material difference in quality of the peppers in
the lower portion of the load from that in the upper portion may be re-
Weighed and sent back to the grading platform for a grading of the lower
portion,

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

Importance of Rapid Inspection. it is absolutely necessary (21)
that the inspector work very rapidly at times in order that factory
operations or growers may not be unnecessarily delayed, The inspec-
sor should be on hand to make inspections whenever deliveries are
made. When practical, definite hours should be established for re-
ceiving peppers for inspection, This time may have to be varied as
the season advances,

- Adherence to Contract Specifications. The inspector should (22)
ebtain 2 copy of the contract between the processor and grower fron

the cannery plant before inspecticn is started. He should become
thoroughly familiar with these specifications before the grading is
started,

Quite frequently processors will deviate from their contract (23)
specification as to size or some other factor early in the season
when the supply of peppers is limited. Some canners may even re-
quest the inspector to notify the growers of the deviation from
the contract specifications, In no case should the inspector or
Inspection Service assume the processor's responsibility of notify-
ing the growers of the variation from or return to the contract.
However, inspectors and the Inspection Service should always insist
that the processor notify the central Inspection Office within the
State in writing of any change from the contract, or a return to the
contract specifications once it has been changed, Such changes in
specifications should also be posted at the inspector's platform,
The Supervisor should instruct the inspector in the methods of handling
such changes and inform him regarding the proper notation to be placed
on the memorandum to cover any deviations from the grades.



Sweet Peppers
for Processing

¢5
Ba
Zé
20a

Agriculture
Agnricuttural

‘
1)
if ly.
ae Sy
7
Wa bag
ROE
ORY ass

Speed

au ee
tS EL NG oat 5

RON ek
A



showing greenish orown color and 4 sercent green coler just varely

meets the requirements for "well colered'", If the above cercentages

of greenish brown and green colers are reversed the perser would fail

ta meet the requirenents for "well colored", Likewise 2 cepper whict
a

shows only light red color on the surface would net be considered
"well colored".

: A. U..S. No, 2 peprer is required te be "fairly well colcred” (33)
which means that at least three-fourths of the surface shows cherac-
téristic medium or dark red color, -

It is net pessible te descrize in words the bord
between light red and medium red, Therefore, the ins
trained te distinguish between these col
tien oy his Supsrvisor or others qualifi

ine color” (3

na

Shape, 0. S$. No. 1 grade requires 5 to be f
shaped which means that they are not of the type commenly imemm as
"buttons", er are not decidedly crockad, constricted, or otherwise
seriously defcermed. ~

"Buttons", which are peppers which fai!

some reason or other, are objectionable because the:
flash left after the core and seeds are removed. De:

pastes

lef
constricted, or otherwise seriously deformed peppers area ¢'

o normally fer (38)
3

©

¢: 2 cbjectionable
because they cannct be diced properly into uniform pisces. Ordinarily
peppers which are not at least "fairly well shaped" should be olaced

in the U.S, Na. 2 classification because

Firmness, Peprers naturally yield to sressure of the (37)
hollow cavity inside. A pepper may yield to slight pr’ and. still
be considered firm. U.S. No. 1 grade requires that t% ers" oe
only fairly firm which is defined to mean that they ar £3, limp,
or excessively shrivelled 1 the sepper reaches fu. isy it
is.dark red in colar, the are firm and the outsi ootn, If

eft on the vine it scon starts to lose moisture as ev oy a slight
wrinkling on the surface of the wall. goes on the mkling be-
comes more pronounced and the wall becames mora pliabla, but from a grade
standpoint would be considered fairly Following this 2 portien of
the wall may tecome limp or soft and excessively shrivelled = ree
in cress section will. be thinner than the fairly fir: ti

pepper fas passed the it could ce consi a

pb
cry
g

>

oa

ct
fem
f

therefore would not grace JT. S. Ne, 1. Also, if
ich has become scft and thin, cannot be removed wi

than.20 percent of the pepper, it would fail to meet

U.S. Mo. 2 and should be classed as 2 “cull,


-7T-

used for the various grades the inspector should mark each individual
compartment to indicate the grade it contains.

When the sample containers heve been selected, one should be
emptied into the proper compartment on the grading table, after which
the inspectcr can proceed immediately to segregate the peppers into
the various grade compartments. He should sort the peppers es rapidly
as possible, Frequent hesitation on the part of the inspector in try-
ing to arrive at the correct grade classification of a pepper creates

the impression among growers and processors that he is not experienced.
If it is seen that a mistake has been made, the “pepper should then be
transferred immediately to the proper compartment.

Experience has demonstrated that it is good practice to first

pick cut those peppers that are distinctly No. 1, No. 2, or culls, and
place them in the proper compartment, leaving ali borderline specimens
for the last, After most of the peppers have been segregated in this
way, it will be less difficult to place the borderline specimens
properly by comparison with those already graded, In following this
method it will appear that the inspector is working very rapidly at
the time when the grower is most critical. This procedure “poually
gives the grower more confidence in the inspector, end eliminates
meny erguments, .

Dumping Containers. As a rule the conteiners resting on the
scales should not oe Gumped until all of the peppers from the sample
containers have been sorted in order to prevent errors in weighing.
However, if the percentage of a certain grade is high a container may
not hold all the peppers in the sample ard a second weighing may be
“necessary, There is usually ne necessity for taking more than one
weight reading on the culls

GRADE INTERPRETATIONS

etermining the grade

Color, Color is an important factor in
2b nguish between shades

ef peppers and the insvectcr must be abl tin,

of red color when “segregsting ¢ the peppers ir heir proper grades.

AS peppers approach maturity, the color gradually changes from green
to 2 greenish brow, then to 2 light red, medium red and finally, when
fully ripe, to a dark red color, Ripening of the flesh is irregular,
however, amd during the change from green to red a pepper may show
green, greenish brown and red areas on the surface.

A. U. S$. No. 1 pepper is required to be well colored which means
that at least 90 percent of the surface shows characteristic medium
or dark red color and green color dees not predominate on the remain-
ing 10 percent of the surface, Thus a pepper which has 90 percent
of the surface showing characteristic medium red color, § percent

(28)

(29)

(30)

(31)

(32)


1 it is
covious that the inspector should not grade and certify to the
quality of such samples as being “samples of the let herein described"
when he has never seen the lot and its quality may have aaterially
changed during the night, However, he may insrect and certify to the
grade cf samples selected by other parties and it ig up to the proces=
sor ard grcwer rhether settlement for the lead will be made om the

basis of inspection of the samples, In all such cases the inspectar
should shew the number of samples he insrected in the blank marked
hal ret

"Number of Containers” and not the number of contains

16)

(27)

be in the load from which they sup dly were selected,
he should rake the folloring state under "Zemarks.
restricted to hamvers (cr other cs
officialiv saxplady? -

irre i Loads s places where seppers are re-
ceived, tha’ H 3t S which are at some Gistarce from where
samplag are iL ions are made, The unleading of large
truckload lots sometizes rev aifferent quality in the betten layers
than was found oy the inspec accessibie sortic: the La,
Some processors may request +: inspection Service +
tor at the unlcading point te back for further
which unloading has show to aati.

ereny quality
2 to sampling at the in.
etic

|

than in the portions accessic:

ticn Service to undertake this
esscr, hile it is recognized

Tt is not believed groper for the Insze
kind ef additional service for the sroc
that large truckloads x2

"framed" oy the grower, our inspection

ce
ol. te make the lots om which the in-
2a for tasraugh examination. 2 casual
veing dumped rapidly fren con
ta in t% give an accurate idea the quaiivy is ng,
and *. ction Service should vy for
order ber to % ot: general
impressions of te, TZ faci
ties are not crovided for adequate processor
must expect variations in quality i cad, and the
responsibility of sending leads hack examination should rest
on nin, .
The ins cing 7

the processor
if in the or

ifference bi


INSFECTICN i@MORANDUM

Care of Memoranda . 1. 6 2 ee ew eee ee ee ew ee
Care geording ».
Correct tumbers and Name.
Name of Place, Processcr
Recording Weights
Signing of Inspect
Issuing Restricted

Receiving Stations Where it is not Possible
to Obtain Samples in all Farts of. Loads 16... ee 58
Correcting Inspecticn Memcranda .. 6 6 ee wee ew eee 59-60
Distribution of Memorandum Copies 2... es wee rere él
ADEEAL INSPECTIONS ee ee ee we wee weer erence we 62-70
Appeal on Sampling 6 6 ee eee ee ee te tee we we | 65-85
Appeal on Grading. 2... te es “S667
When Second Inspection -not an Aspeal oo. ww ew ee ee et &3

Number of Samples to be Zxamine? on Appeal or
Second Inspection. 6 1 eee et tt te te ee &9-70



-h-

Care in Recording, The memorandum must be easily legible. (51)
All data set down during the process of inspection should be complete,
neat in appearance, and clear, All computations should be checked cere=
fully for errors, Inspectors will be held responsible for figures being
legible on all copies of the memorandum, Remember that the original
memorandum is sometimes lost, and then it becomes absolutely necessary

to use the carbon copies, : see
Correct Numbers and Name, Most of the processors furnish the (52)

growers with a book oF forms which are to be filled in by the growers
on each load delivered, These farms give the name. of grower, date,
“and number of packages on the individual load, The inspector will
transpese this infermation from this form to the memorandum. No
excuse will be accepted for failure to record this information correct-
ly on‘the memorandum, The memoranda are numbered and may be padded. in
book form.

Name of Place, Processor ami Grower, and Date, The name of (53)
place where the inspection is made, name of processor and grower, time
of inspection and date should be filled in on the memcrandum just be-
fore starting the inspection, or immediately after the inspection is.
made, Where the processor has obtained authority from Washington to
print a supply of inspection memoranda to be used in théir inspections,
it will not be necessary to write in the name of the processor for it
appears on the face of the memorandum,

Recording Weights and Percentages, The form outlined below shows (5k)
that part O© the memoranduz on which the inspecter records weights and
percentages, After the peppers in each container have been weighed, the _
“Kesults should be recorded on the memorandum as illustrated below:

A A FORCENT 3

U.S. No. 1 : : 73 :
: U. S. No. 2 : 10 : 19 :
: CULES le > eG
‘ $2 : 100

ta



-13-

the case of pyramid loads. Inspectors located at processing plants
should under no circumstances issue restricted memos on any loads

as it is always possible for them to obtain representative samples

in one way or another either before or during the process of unloading.

Correcting Inspection Memoranda, If the corrections ere not (59)
too conspicuous, minor mistakes which would not affect the credibility
of the memorandum if presented in court may be changed by crossing out
the part in error, and inserting the correct information. No correc-
tions should be made on any memorandum unless the inspector has all
copies so that all may be corrected at the same time, Whenever an
error has been discovered, and the inspector does not have all copies
of the memorandum, a new memorandum should be issued upon which the
following staterents should be made:

"This memorandum supersedes Memorandum No,
which is error,"

No attempt should te made to erase errors on memoranda, All (6c)
corrections should be initialed to show the authority for the correc-
tion.

(62)

Distribution of morandum Copies, The distribution cf the
originat memorandum and cone copy villi depend on the arrangements made
by the party requesting the inspection, In most cases this party will
be the processor, who in all probability rill request that the inspec-
tor give the original end one copy to the grover, who il present these
documents to the canner along with the lead, The precessor usually keeps
the original and gives the copy to the grower for his files. The second
‘carton copy is retained by the inspection office for at least one year,
or preferably two years, if feasible.

SPECTICNS

APTE!

+

inspec- (62)
mpling,

Either the grower or the processor may appeal from tt
tor's findings, The appeal ray be based on either (1)
or (2) the grading of the sample.

+f

§
o
a

ie
z=

1) z line,
sor mfy question the accuracy cf
larity of

1 some cases the growers cr proces— (63)
he inspection oving to the irregu-
ontainers,

ach

I:
curacy 0

there the grower or processor questions the ac- (6h)

most cases ¥

arepert, it is not the grade interpretation that is in

question but the sampling. Regardless of how careful the inspector

is in sampling leads there will be an occasional load in which the

samples will not accurately represent its true quality. From this
n

ry

standpoint it is necessary to admit the vossibility of error in


For Fruit esd i Vegetable inspectors” April 1948
Reissued October 1956 2/

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL MARKETING-SERVICE
FRUIT AND VEGETABLE DIVISION
. FRESH PRODUCTS STANDARDIZATION AND INSPSCTION.BRANCH

‘SETEPING POINT INSPECTION HANDECCKT
FOR
SWEET PEPPERS FOR PROCESSING

INTRODUCTION. ©. 21 eee ere eee

INSFECTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY. «ese ee et ee ee ee ee ee 3-6
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED. © 0 ee ee eee ee ee tee ee 7
Construction of Grading Table... ee ee ee 8
SELECTION OF SAMPLES. «pw ec eee ee ee ee ee te es 9-207
Minimum Number of Semples 2. 1 1) eee eee ee te hes
Greding Semples Selected by Other Parties»... ee pen 16
Irregularity in loads 2 6 6 ee ee wee 17-20
“INSPECTION PROCEDURE, 2 ee vt we eer ween ree acne 1-25
: Importance of Rapid Inspection. . 1... se ree ern ene au
Adherence to Contract Specifications. ... 1... ee seas 22-23
Inspection Under Artificial Light .o.. . we ee et ee ek.
Inspection in Sunlight. 2. 1 6 ee ee ee eee ee es 25
INTERFERENCE WITH INSPECTORS WORK AND. ABUSE OF-INSPECTORS .. . 26
METHOD OF INSPECTION, 2 1 eee ee cer ewe eee eens 27-30
Sorting into Compartments on Grading Table... ss. ee 27-29
Dumping Containers. © 6 1 ee eee we ee eee ewe es 30
GRADE INTERPRETATIONS «2 2 eee eee eee ee wee ee 31-48
Color . we ee ee ee ee te te te 31-34
SHEpe ww we ee we ee es 35-36
Firmmess. 6 0 ee ee ee tt ee hee he eh 37-38
MOLG-Soft Rot we ee eee ee eh ee ee ts 39-h0
Blossom-End Rot se ee eee ee eee ene eer eens Bl
Bacterial Spot. 2. ee eee tte eww re wwe rr news he
Worm Holes - Other Holes in Wall of Pepper, 1... ee eee 43
Sunburn swe ee ee wee eet et es ay
Sunscald. 2 sw we ew ee we ewe eee ee errr rene ks
Scars sw wee we ee ee eee eee eee ree ene 46
Mechanicel Injury... 1 eee ee we ee ee ee ee L7
Other Defects . 6 ee eee ee ee eee eee weer ne 48

7A The only change in this reissue cf October 1956 is in the name of
the Organization,

Agriculture - Washington




-9-

It is important for the inspector to keep in mind that a pepper (38)
may show considerable wrinkling and still be considered fairly firm.
However, when some portion of the well of the pepner becomes soft
and thin it cannot be considered fairly firm, end would not meet
U. S. No. 1 requirements.

Mold-Soft Rot. Peppers affected by mold or soft rot are not (39)
permitted in U.S. No. 1 grade. Anthracnose is probably the most
serious disease affecting peppers grown for processing. They are
also subject to a number of other decays such as Rhizopus Rot,
Bacterial Rot, Alternaria and Gray-lMold Rot,

Peppers affected by mold and soft rot are permitted-in the (40)
U, S. No, 2 grade, provided the affected portion can be removed in
the ordinary process of trimming without a loss of more than 20 per-
cent. Peppers, which have holes in the wall, often show considerable
mold development on the inside of the wall, The presence of such mold
may not be visible from external examination, so the inspector should
alweys break open such peppers to determine the amount of waste in-
volved in the removal of the injury.

Blossom-End Rot, This is a disease probably resulting from (kL)
inadequate or varying soil water which affects the blossom end of the
peppers, In the initial stage, when only the skin shows discoloration,

it may be considered as a blemish, However, if the wall of the pepper

is affected it should be considered es soft rot, in which case it

would not meet the U. 5. No. 1 requirements. Affected peppers which

would require more than 20 percent waste in order to remove the injury

would not meet No. 2 requirements,

wo

ae

Bacterial Spot. This disease is characterized by yellowish (42)
brow, irregular, blister-like lesions on the surface of the pepper.
They gradually enlarge and may become irregularly ridged, rough and
cankerous, The disease should be treated as a blemish unless followed
by secondary infection from decay orgenisms. °

F

Wormheles - Other Holes in Wall of Pepper. Peppers having worm (13)
holes, with or without worms present, are not permitted in U. S. No. 1
grade, Those having holes from other causes which penetrate through
the wall, except small fresh holes incident to proper handling are also
considered damaged, Whether a pepper with holes in the wall will meet
U. S. Ne. 2 requirements is dependent upon the amount of waste involved.

If the hole or holes in a pepper are wo large that more than 20 percent
of the wall has disappeared it would be seriously damaged and should be
placed in the cull classification,

Sunburn on peppers appears as yellowish discoloration (Lh)

Sunburn fe
area, This injury is handled entirely on a waste basis.

on the affecte



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