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United States Standards

for Grades of Grapefruit 

(Texas and States other 

than Florida, California, 

and Arizona)

Effective November 30, 2020
This issue of the United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States 

other than Florida, California, and Arizona) (85 FR 68421) supersedes the previous 

issue which has been in effect since September 5, 2003.

Voluntary U.S. grade standards are issued under the authority of the Agricultural 

Marketing Act of 1946, which provides for the development of official U.S. grades to 

designate different levels of quality. These grade standards are available for use by 

producers, suppliers, buyers, and consumers. As in the case of other standards for 

grades of fresh and processed fruits, vegetables, and specialty crops these 

standards are designed to facilitate orderly marketing by providing a convenient 

basis for buying and selling, for establishing quality control programs, and for 

determining loan values. 

The U.S. grade standards and inspection instructions for all fresh and processed fruits,

vegetables, and specialty crops are available on the internet and upon request at the 

address below. These documents provide detailed interpretations of the grade standards 

and provide step-by-step procedures for grading the product. 

Grade standards are issued by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) after careful 

consideration of all data and views submitted during rulemaking. The Department 

welcomes suggestions for improving the standards in future revisions. Comments may be 

submitted to, and copies of standards and inspection instructions obtained from: 

Director, Specialty Crops Inspection Division

Specialty Crops Program, 

USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service

1400 Independence Avenue, SW, STOP 0240 

Washington, D.C. 20250

Authority: 7 U.S.C. 1621-1627. 

Note: Compliance with the provisions of these standards shall not excuse failure to 

comply with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or 

with applicable State laws and regulations.

Non-Discrimination Policy: In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and 

policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from 

discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, 

marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil 

rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing 

deadlines vary by program or incident.

Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American 

Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA 

through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English.

To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a 

Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information 

requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: 

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-

9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov.

USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

1

United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than 

Florida, California, and Arizona)

______________________________________________________________________

Section Page No.

Grades............................................................................................................................ 3

§51.620 U.S. Fancy. ..................................................................................................... 3

§51.621 U.S. No. 1. ...................................................................................................... 4

§51.622 U.S. No. 1 Bright............................................................................................. 6

§51.623 U.S. No. 1 Bronze........................................................................................... 6

§51.624 U.S. Combination............................................................................................ 6

§51.625 U.S. No. 2. ...................................................................................................... 6

§51.626 U.S. No. 2 Russet. .......................................................................................... 7

§51.627 U.S. No. 3. ...................................................................................................... 8

Tolerances ..................................................................................................................... 9

§51.628 Tolerances. ..................................................................................................... 9

Application of Tolerances .......................................................................................... 11

§51.629 Application of tolerances............................................................................... 11

Standard Pack ............................................................................................................. 11

§51.630 Standard pack............................................................................................... 11

Definitions.................................................................................................................... 12

§51.631 Mature........................................................................................................... 12

§51.632 Similar varietal characteristics. ..................................................................... 12

§51.633 Well colored. ................................................................................................. 12

§51.634 Firm............................................................................................................... 13

§51.635 Well formed................................................................................................... 13

§51.636 Smooth texture.............................................................................................. 13

§51.637 Injury. ............................................................................................................ 13

§51.638 Discoloration. ................................................................................................ 13
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

2

§51.639 Fairly well colored. ........................................................................................ 13

§51.640 Fairly well formed.......................................................................................... 13

§51.641 Fairly smooth texture. ................................................................................... 13

§51.642 Damage. ....................................................................................................... 14

§51.643 Fairly firm. ..................................................................................................... 14

§51.644 Slightly misshapen........................................................................................ 14

§51.645 Slightly rough texture. ................................................................................... 14

§51.646 Serious damage............................................................................................ 14

§51.647 Slightly colored.............................................................................................. 14

§51.648 Misshapen. ................................................................................................... 14

§51.649 Slightly spongy.............................................................................................. 14

§51.650 Very serious damage.................................................................................... 14

§51.651 Diameter. ...................................................................................................... 15

§51.652 Classification of defects. ............................................................................... 15

Metric Conversion Table............................................................................................. 19

§51.653 Metric conversion table................................................................................. 19
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

3

Grades

§51.620 U.S. Fancy.

“U.S. Fancy” consists of grapefruit which meet the following requirements:

(a) Basic requirements:

(1) Discoloration: Not more than one-tenth of the surface, in the aggregate, 

may be affected by discoloration. (See §51.638.);

(2) Firm;

(3) Mature;

(4) Similar varietal characteristics;

(5) Smooth texture;

(6) Well formed; and

(7) Well colored.

(b) Free from:

(1) Ammoniation;

(2) Bruises;

(3) Buckskin;

(4) Decay;

(5) Growth cracks;

(6) Scab;

(7) Skin breakdown;

(8) Sprayburn;

(9) Unhealed skin breaks; and

(10) Wormy fruit.

(c) Free from injury caused by:

(1) Green spots;
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

4

(2) Hail;

(3) Oil spots;

(4) Scale;

(5) Scars; and

(6) Thorn scratches.

(d) Free from damage caused by:

(1) Dryness or mushy condition;

(2) Insects;

(3) Sprouting;

(4) Sunburn; and

(5) Other means.

(e) For tolerances see §51.628.

§51.621 U.S. No. 1.

“U.S. No. 1” consists of grapefruit which meet the following requirements:

(a) Basic requirements:

(1) Discoloration: Not more than one-half of the surface, in the aggregate, 

may be affected by discoloration. (See §51.638.);

(2) Fairly smooth texture;

(3) Fairly well colored;

(4) Fairly well formed; 

(5) Firm;

(6) Mature; and

(7) Similar varietal characteristics.

(b) Free from:

(1) Bruises;
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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(2) Caked melanose;

(3) Decay;

(4) Growth cracks;

(5) Sprayburn;

(6) Unhealed skin breaks; and

(7) Wormy fruit.

(c) Free from damage caused by:

(1) Ammoniation;

(2) Buckskin;

(3) Caked melanose;

(4) Dryness or mushy condition;

(5) Green spots;

(6) Hail;

(7) Oil spots;

(8) Scab;

(9) Scale;

(10) Scars;

(11) Skin breakdown;

(12) Sprayburn;

(13) Sprouting;

(14) Sunburn;

(15) Thorn scratches; and

(16) Other means.

(d) For tolerances see §51.628.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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§51.622 U.S. No. 1 Bright.

The requirements for this grade are the same as for U.S. No. 1 except that no fruit may 

have more than one-tenth of its surface, in the aggregate, affected by discoloration. 

(a) For tolerances see §51.628.

§51.623 U.S. No. 1 Bronze.

The requirements for this grade are the same as for U.S. No. 1 except that all fruit must 

show some discoloration and at least 10 percent, by count, of the fruit shall have more 

than one-half of their surface, in the aggregate, affected by discoloration. The 

predominating discoloration on each of these fruits shall be of rust mite type. For 

tolerances see §51.628.

§51.624 U.S. Combination.

“U.S. Combination” consists of a combination of U.S. No. 1 and U.S. No. 2 grapefruit: 

Provided, That at least 55 percent, by count, meet the requirements of U.S. No. 1 grade 

for defects, And provided further, That the lot meets the basic requirement for 

discoloration as specified in the U.S. No. 2 grade. For tolerances see §51.628.

§51.625 U.S. No. 2.

“U.S. No. 2” consists of grapefruit which meet the following requirements:

(a) Basic requirements:

(1) Discoloration: Not more than two-thirds of the surface, in the aggregate, 

may be affected by discoloration. (See §51.638.);

(2) Fairly firm;

(3) Mature;

(4) Not more than slightly misshapen;

(5) Not more than slightly rough texture;

(6) Slightly colored; and

(7) Similar varietal characteristics.

(b) Free from:

(1) Bruises;
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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(2) Decay;

(3) Growth cracks;

(4) Unhealed skin breaks; and

(5) Wormy fruit.

(c) Free from serious damaged caused by:

(1) Ammoniation;

(2) Buckskin;

(3) Caked melanose;

(4) Dryness or mushy condition;

(5) Green spots;

(6) Hail;

(7) Oil spots;

(8) Scab;

(9) Scale;

(10) Scars;

(11) Skin breakdown;

(12) Sprayburn;

(13) Sprouting;

(14) Sunburn;

(15) Thorn scratches; and

(16) Other means.

(d) For tolerances see §51.628.

§51.626 U.S. No. 2 Russet.

The requirements for this grade are the same as for U.S. No. 2 except that at least 10 

percent of the fruit shall have more than two-thirds of their surface, in the aggregate, 
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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affected by any type of discoloration. For tolerances see §51.628.

§51.627 U.S. No. 3.

“U.S. No. 3” consists of grapefruit which meet the following requirements:

(a) Basic requirements:

(1) Mature;

(2) May be misshapen;

(3) May be slightly spongy;

(4) May have rough texture;

(5) May be poorly colored. Not more than 25 percent of the surface may be 

of a solid dark green color;

(6) Not seriously lumpy or cracked; and

(7) Similar varietal characteristics.

(b) Free from:

(1) Decay;

(2) Unhealed skin breaks; and

(3) Wormy fruit.

(c) Free from very serious damage caused by:

(1) Ammoniation;

(2) Buckskin;

(3) Caked melanose;

(4) Dryness or mushy condition;

(5) Green spots;

(6) Hail;

(7) Oil spots;

(8) Scab;
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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(9) Scale;

(10) Scars;

(11) Skin breakdown;

(12) Sprayburn;

(13) Sprouting;

(14) Sunburn;

(15) Thorn scratches; and

(16) Other means.

(d) For tolerances see §51.628.

Tolerances

§51.628 Tolerances.

In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and handling in each of the 

foregoing grades, the following tolerances, by count, based on a minimum 25 count 

sample, are provided as specified. No tolerance shall apply to wormy fruit.

(a) Defects.

(1) U.S. Fancy, U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 1 Bright, U.S. No. 1 Bronze, U.S. No. 2, 

and U.S. No. 2 Russet.

(i) For defects at shipping point.

1 Not more than 10 percent of the fruit 

in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of the specified grade: 

Provided, That included in this amount not more than 5 percent 

shall be allowed for defects causing very serious damage, including 

in this latter amount not more than 1 percent for decay.

(ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 percent of 

the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of the specified 

grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more than the 

following percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:

(A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or

 1 Shipping point, as used in these standards, means the point of origin of the shipment in the producing area or at port of loading for 

ship stores or overseas shipment, or in the case of shipments from outside the continental United States, the port of entry into the 

United States.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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(B) 7 percent for defects causing very serious damage, including 

therein not more than 5 percent for very serious damage by 

permanent defects and not more than 3 percent for decay.

(2) U.S. Combination.

(i) For defects at shipping point.

1 Not more than 10 percent of the fruit 

in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of the U.S. No. 2 grade: 

Provided, That included in this amount not more than 5 percent 

shall be allowed for defects causing very serious damage, included 

in this latter amount not more than 1 percent for decay.

(ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 percent of 

the fruit in any lot, may fail to meet the requirements of the U.S. No. 

2 grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more than the 

following percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:

(A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or

(B) 7 percent for defects causing very serious damage, including 

therein not more than 5 percent for very serious damage by 

permanent defects and not more than 3 percent for decay.

(iii) For defects at shipping point1 and en route or at destination. No 

part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce for the lot as a 

whole, the 55 percent of U.S. No. 1 fruit required in the U.S. 

Combination grade, but individual samples may have not more than 

15 percent less than the required percentage for the grade: 

Provided, That the entire lot averages within the percentage 

required. 

(3) U.S. No. 3.

(i) For defects at shipping point.

1 Not more than 10 percent of the fruit 

in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of the grade: Provided,

That included in this amount not more than 1 percent for decay.

(ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 percent of 

the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of the grade: 

Provided, That included in this amount not more than the following 

percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:

(A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or

(B) 3 percent for decay.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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(b) Discoloration.

(1) U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 1 Bright, U.S. Combination, and U.S. No. 2. Not 

more than 10 percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the 

requirements relating to discoloration as specified in each grade; No 

sample may have more than 20 percent of the fruit with excessive 

discoloration: Provided, That the entire lot averages within the percentage 

specified.

(2) U.S. No. 1 Bronze. At least 10 percent of the fruit shall have more than 

one-half of the surface, in the aggregate, affected by discoloration, and no 

part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce this percentage: 

Provided, That the entire lot averages within the percentage specified. No 

tolerance is provided for fruit showing no discoloration. 

(3) U.S. No. 2 Russet. At least 10 percent of the fruit shall have more than 

two-thirds of the surface, in the aggregate, affected by discoloration, and 

no part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce this percentage:

Provided, That the entire lot averages within the percentage specified.

Application of Tolerances

§51.629 Application of tolerances.

Individual samples are subject to the following limitations, unless otherwise specified in 

§51.628. Individual samples shall have not more than one and one-half times a 

specified tolerance of 10 percent or more, and not more than double a specified 

tolerance of less than 10 percent: Provided, That at least one decayed fruit may be 

permitted in any sample: And provided further, That the averages for the entire lot are 

within the tolerances specified for the grade.

Standard Pack

§51.630 Standard pack.

(a) Fruits shall be fairly uniform in size, unless specified as uniform in size. When 

packed in approved containers, fruit shall be arranged according to approved and 

recognized methods.

(b) “Fairly uniform in size” means that not more than 10 percent of fruit in any lot, 

and not more than double that amount in any sample are outside the ranges of 

diameters given in Table 1 to this section:
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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Table 1 to §51.630 paragraph (b) – 7/10 Bushel Carton

Pack size/number Diameter in inches

of grapefruit Minimum Maximum

18 4-15/16 5-9/16

23 4-5/16 5

27 4-2/16 4-12/16

32 3-15/16 4-8/16

36 3-13/16 4-5/16

40 3-10/16 4-2/16

48 3-9/16 3-14/16

56 3-5/16 3-10/16

64 3 3-8/16

(c) “Uniform in size” means that not more that 10 percent of fruit in any lot, and not 

more than double that amount in any sample, may vary more than the following 

amounts:

(1) 32 size and smaller – not more than six-sixteenths inch in diameter; and

(2) 27 size and larger – not more than nine-sixteenths inch in diameter.

(d) In order to allow for variations, other than sizing, incident to proper packing, not 

more than 5 percent of the packages in any lot may fail to meet the requirements 

of standard pack.

Definitions

§51.631 Mature.

“Mature” shall have the same meaning currently assigned that term in the laws and 

regulations of the State in which the grapefruit is grown; or as the definition of such term 

may hereafter be amended.

§51.632 Similar varietal characteristics.

“Similar varietal characteristics” means that the fruits in any container are similar in 

color and shape.

§51.633 Well colored.

“Well colored” means that the fruit is yellow in color with practically no trace of green 

color.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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§51.634 Firm.

“Firm” means that the fruit is not soft, or noticeably wilted or flabby, and the skin is not 

spongy or puffy.

§51.635 Well formed.

“Well formed” means that the fruit has the shape characteristic of the variety.

§51.636 Smooth texture.

“Smooth texture” means that the skin is thin and smooth for the variety and size of the 

fruit.

§51.637 Injury.

“Injury” means any specific defect described in Table 1 to §51.652; or an equally 

objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination 

of defects, which slightly detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 

quality of the fruit.

§51.638 Discoloration.

“Discoloration” means russeting of light shade of golden brown caused by rust mite or 

other means. Lighter shades of discoloration caused by smooth or fairly smooth, 

superficial scars or other means may be allowed on a greater area, or darker shades 

may be allowed on a lesser area, provided no discoloration caused by speck type 

melanose or other means may detract from the appearance of the fruit to a greater 

extent than the shade and amount of discoloration allowed in the grade.

§51.639 Fairly well colored.

“Fairly well colored” means that except for a 1-inch circle in the aggregate of green 

color, the yellow color predominates over the green color on that part of the fruit which 

is not discolored.

§51.640 Fairly well formed

“Fairly well formed” means that the fruit may not have the shape characteristic of the 

variety but is not elongated or pointed or otherwise deformed.

§51.641 Fairly smooth texture.

“Fairly smooth texture” means that the skin is not materially rough or coarse and that 

the skin is not thick for the variety.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

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§51.642 Damage.

“Damage” means any specific defect described in Table 1 to §51.652; or an equally 

objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any combination 

of defects, which materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 

quality of the fruit.

§51.643 Fairly firm.

“Fairly firm” means that the fruit may be slightly soft, but not bruised, and the skin is 

not spongy or puffy.

§51.644 Slightly misshapen.

“Slightly misshapen” means that the fruit is not of the shape characteristic of the 

variety but is not appreciably elongated or pointed or otherwise deformed.

§51.645 Slightly rough texture.

“Slightly rough texture” means that the skin is not smooth or fairly smooth but is not 

excessively rough or excessively thick, or materially ridged, grooved or wrinkled.

§51.646 Serious damage.

“Serious damage” means any specific defect described in Table 1 to §51.652; or an 

equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any 

combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or 

marketing quality of the fruit.

§51.647 Slightly colored.

“Slightly colored” means that, except for a 2-inch circle in the aggregate of green 

color, the portion of the fruit surface which is not discolored shows some yellow color. 

§51.648 Misshapen.

“Misshapen” means that the fruit is decidedly elongated, pointed or flat sided.

§51.649 Slightly spongy.

“Slightly spongy” means that the fruit is puffy or slightly wilted but not flabby.

§51.650 Very serious damage.

“Very serious damage” means any specific defect described in Table 1 to §51.652; or 

an equally objectionable variation of any one of these defects, any other defect, or any 
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

15

combination of defects, which very seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible 

or marketing quality of the fruit.

§51.651 Diameter.

“Diameter” means the greatest dimension measured at right angles to a line from stem 

to blossom end.

§51.652 Classification of defects.

Table 1 to §51.652

All references to area or aggregate area, or length in this standard are based on a 

grapefruit 4-1/8 inches in diameter, allowing proportionately greater areas on larger fruit 

and lesser areas on smaller fruit.

Factor Injury Damage Serious 

Damage

Very Serious 

Damage

Ammoniation Not occurring as 

light speck type.

Scars are 

cracked or dark 

and aggregating 

more than a 

circle 3/4 inch in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than 25 

percent of the 

surface.

Buckskin Aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1-1/4 

inches in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than 25 

percent of the 

surface.

Aggregating 

more than 50 

percent of the 

surface.

Caked 

melanose

Aggregating 

more than a

circle 1 inch in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than 25 

percent of the 

surface.

Dryness or 

mushy condition

Affecting all 

segments more 

than 1/4 inch at 

stem end, or the 

equivalent of 

this amount, by 

volume, when 

occurring in 

other portions of 

the fruit.

Affecting all 

segments more 

than 1/2 inch at 

stem end, or the 

equivalent of 

this amount, by 

volume, when 

occurring in 

other portions of 

the fruit.

Affecting all 

segments more 

than 3/4 inch at 

stem end, or the 

equivalent of 

this amount, by 

volume, when 

occurring in 

other portions of 

the fruit.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

16

Factor Injury Damage Serious 

Damage

Very Serious 

Damage

Green spots or 

oil spots

More than 

slightly affecting 

appearance.

Aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1 inch in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than 1-1/2 

inches in 

diameter.

Hail Not well healed, 

or aggregating 

more than a 

circle 3/8 inch in 

diameter.

Not well healed, 

or aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1/2 inch in 

diameter.

Not well healed, 

or aggregating 

more than a 

circle 5/8 inch in 

diameter.

Not well healed, 

or aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1 inch in 

diameter.

Scab Materially 

detracts from 

the shape or 

texture, or 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 3/4 inch in 

diameter.

Seriously 

detracts from 

the shape or 

texture, or 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1 inch in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than 25 

percent of the 

surface.

Scale More than a few 

adjacent to the 

“button” at the 

stem end, or 

more than 6 

scattered on 

other portions of 

the fruit.

Blotch 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 3/4 inch in 

diameter, or 

occurring as a 

ring more than a 

circle 1-1/4 

inches in 

diameter.

Blotch 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1 inch in 

diameter, or 

occurring as a 

ring more than a 

circle 1-1/2 

inches in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than 25 

percent of the 

surface.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

17

Factor Injury Damage Serious 

Damage

Very Serious 

Damage

Scars Depressed, not 

smooth, or 

detracts from 

appearance 

more than the 

amount of 

discoloration 

permitted in the 

grade.

Very deep or 

very rough 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1/2 inch in 

diameter; deep 

or rough 

aggregating 

more than 1 

inch in diameter; 

slightly rough or 

of slight depth 

aggregating 

more than 10 

percent of 

surface.

Very deep or

very rough 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1 inch in 

diameter; deep 

or rough 

aggregating 

more than 5 

percent of the 

fruit surface; 

slight depth or 

slightly rough 

aggregating 

more than 15 

percent of 

surface.

Very deep or 

very rough or 

unsightly that 

appearance is 

very seriously 

affected.

Skin breakdown Aggregating 

more than a 

circle 3/8 inch in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than a 

circle 5/8 inch in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1-1/4 

inches in 

diameter.

Sprayburn Hard or 

aggregating 

more than a

circle 1-1/4 

inches in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than 25 

percent of the 

surface.

Sprouting More than 6 

seeds are 

sprouted, 

including not 

more than 1 

sprout extending 

to the rind, 

remainder 

average not 

over 1/4 inch in 

length.

More than 6 

seeds are 

sprouted, 

including not 

more than 2 

sprouts 

extending to the 

rind, remainder 

average not 

over 1/2 inch in 

length.

More than 6 

seeds are 

sprouted, 

including not 

more than 3 

sprouts 

extending to the 

rind, remainder 

average not 

over 3/4 inch in 

length.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

18

Factor Injury Damage Serious 

Damage

Very Serious 

Damage

Sunburn Skin is flattened, 

dry, darkened, 

or hard, 

aggregating 

more than 25 

percent of 

surface.

Skin is hard, 

fruit is decidedly 

one-sided, 

aggregating 

more than onethird of surface.

Aggregating 

more than 50 

percent of fruit 

surface.

Thorn scratches Not well healed, 

or more 

unsightly than 

discoloration 

permitted in the 

grade.

Not well healed, 

hard 

concentrated 

thorn injury 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 3/4 inch in 

diameter, or 

slight scratches 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1 inch in 

diameter.

Not well healed, 

hard 

concentrated 

thorn injury 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 7/8 inch in 

diameter, or 

slight scratches 

aggregating 

more than a 

circle 1-1/4 

inches in 

diameter.

Aggregating 

more than 25 

percent of the 

surface.
United States Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, 

California, and Arizona) (November 30, 2020)

19

Metric Conversion Table

§51.653 Metric conversion table.

Inches (in) Millimeters (mm)

1/4 6.4

3/8 9.5

1/2 12.7

9/16 14.3

5/8 15.9

3/4 19.1

7/8 22.2

1 25.4

1-1/4 31.8

1-1/2 38.1

3 76.2

3-2/16 79.4

3-6/16 85.7

3-8/16 88.9

3-10/16 92.1

3-13/16 96.8

3-14/16 98.4

3-15/16 100.0

4-2/16 104.8

4-5/16 109.5

4-8/16 114.3

4-12/16 120.7

5 127.0