## IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL A PPE ALS

OF TEXAS

N O

. W R

- 8 2

, 0 7 2

- 0 1

E X P A R T E K E N N E T H L A S H O N G R E E N

, A p p l i c a n t

O N A P P L I C A T I O N F O R A W R I T O F H A B E A S C O R P U S

C A U S E N O

. C R 3 8 0 3 8 I N T H E 3 8 5 T H D I S T R I C T C O U R T

F R O M M I D L A N D C O U N T Y

Y E A R Y

, J

. , f

i l e d a d i s s e n t i n g o p i n i o n

.

D I S S E N T I N G O P I N I O N

A p p l i c a n t

, K e n n e t h L a s h o n G r e e n

, w a s c h a r g e d w i t h t w o c o u n t s o f s e x u a l a s s a u l t

.

B o t h o f f e n s e s w e r e c o n s o l i d a t e d i n a s i n g l e c r i m i n a l a c t i o n f o r t r i a l

, a s t h e y a r o s e o u t o f t h e

s a m e c r i m i n a l e p i s o d e

. T E X

. P E N A L C O D E A N N

. § 3

. 0 2 ( a )

. A j u r y c o n v i c t e d A p p l i c a n t o f b o t h

c o u n t s

, a n d h e w a s s e n t e n c e d

, f o r e a c h c o u n t

, t o c o n f

i n e m e n t f

o r f o u r y e a r s

. T h e t r i a l c o u r t

o r d e r e d h i s s e n t e n c e s s t a c k e d

. 1

W i t h t h e a s s i s t a n c e o f c o u n s e l A p p l i c a n t a p p e a l e d

, b u t t h e c o u r t o f a p p e a l s a f f i r m e d

As used h er e, the word “stac ked” ref ers to an order requiring that the sentenc es run 1

consec utively , pursuant to sec tion 3.03 of the Penal Code. T E X

. P E N A L C O D E AN N

. art. 3.03.GREEN — 2

t h e t r i a l c o u r t ’ s j u d g m e n t

. A p p l i c a n t n e x t s o u g h t d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w i n t h i s C o u r t

, b u t h i s 2

p r o s e p e t i t i o n w a s d i s m i s s e d a s u n t i m e l y

. A p p l i c a n t n o w a p p e a r s b e f o r e u s s e e k i n g r e l i e f 3

t h r o u g h a p o s t

- c o n v i c t i o n a p p l i c a t i o n f o r t h e w r i t o f h a b e a s c o r p u s

. T E X

. C O D E C R IM

. P R O C

.

a r t

. 1 1

. 0 7

. H e p r e s e n t s f o u r g r o u n d s f

o r r e l i e f

, t w o o f w h i c h

, i n m y v i e w

, m e r i t o u r

a t t e n t i o n

. F i r s t

, i n h i s t h i r d g r o u n d f o r r e l i e f

, A p p l i c a n t c o n t e n d s h i s a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l w a s 4

i n e f f e c t i v e f o r f a i l i n g t o a r g u e o n a p p e a l t h a t t h e s e n t e n c e s w e r e i m p r o p e r l y c u m u l a t e d

.

S e c o n d

, i n h i s f

o u r t h g r o u n d f

o r r e l i e f

, A p p l i c a n t c o n t e n d s t h a t t h i s C o u r t e r r e d b y d i s m i s s i n g

h i s p e t i t i o n f

o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w a s u n t i m e l y

.

I n a p e r c u r i a m o p i n i o n h a n d e d d o w n t o d a y

, w i t h o u t a d d r e s s i n g A p p l i c a n t ’ s o t h e r

c o m p l a i n t s

, t h i s C o u r t o b s e r v e s t h a t

, i n f a c t

, A p p l i c a n t p l a c e d h i s p e t i t i o n f o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y

On direc t appea l, Applicant’ s counsel raised four issues. The first and second issues 2

complained that the prosec utor eng ag ed in improper jury arg ument. The third issue complained that

the prosec utor improperly bolstered the victim’s testimony

. And the fourt h issue challeng ed the

denial of A

pplicant’s motion for directed verdict. Gree n v. Stat e

, No. 11-11-00273-CR, 2013 W L

4715692, *1 (Tex. App.—Eastland Aug ust 30, 20 1 3

, pet. dism’d) (mem. op, not desig nated for

publication).

I n his petition for discretionar y revie w, Applicant raised two g rounds for revie w. The first 3

complained that his “counse l was ineffe ctive in the Petitioner’s Direc t Appea l for n o t ra i s i ng the

issue of the Trial Court abusing [i ts] Discret i o n by illega lly stacking the Petitioner’s sentenc [e.] ”

Petition for Discre tionary Review at 4. The second g round complained that the trial court err ed by

failing to instruct the jury proper ly conce rning his punishment. Neither of these issues was ra ised

or addr essed in Applica

nt’s direc t appea l.

Applicant’s first g round for relief contends that his trial counsel was ineffe ctive for failing 4

to object to the stacking order

. Applicant’s second g round for relief contends that he has been

punished twice in violation of th e double jeopar dy clause and the 14 Amendment of the U.S. t h

Constit ution. I ag ree with the majority that these claims should be dismiss ed. See Ex parte Torres

, 943 S.W .2d 469 (Tex. Crim. App. 1997) (ex plaining, “bec ause g ranting an out-of-time appea l

restore s the pendenc y of the direc t appea l, any rema i n ing substantive claims would become

prema ture, a

nd hence , subject to dismissal”).GREEN — 3

r e v i e w i n t h e p r i s o n m a i l s y s t e m b y t h e d u e d a t e a n d t h i s C o u r t e r r e d b y i n i t i a l l y d i s m i s s i n g

t h e p e t i t i o n a s u n t i m e l y f i l e d

. T h e C o u r t t h e r e f

o r e g r a n t s A p p l i c a n t a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o f i l e a

n e w o u t

- o f

- t i m e p e t i t i o n f

o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w a n d d i s m i s s e s h i s r e m a i n i n g c l a i m s

. 5

I a g r e e w i t h t h i s C o u r t t h a t A p p l i c a n t ’ s p e t i t i o n f o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w w a s

d i s m i s s e d i n e r r o r

. H o w e v e r

, i n t h i s c a s e

, w e a l s o a r e p r e s e n t e d w i t h a c l a i m t h a t A p p l i c a n t

w a s d e n i e d e f

f e c t i v e a s s i s t a n c e o f c o u n s e l o n d i r e c t a p p e a l b e c a u s e h i s a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l

f a i l e d t o c o m p l a i n t h a t t h e t r i a l c o u r t e r r e d b y s t a c k i n g h i s s e n t e n c e s

. I n m y v i e w

, w e s h o u l d

a d d r e s s A p p l i c a n t ’ s c l a i m a l l e g i n g i n e f f e c t i v e a s s i s t a n c e o f

h i s a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l a n d g r a n t

r e l i e f o n t h a t c l a i m r a t h e r t h a n o n l y a f f o r d i n g A p p l i c a n t a n o t h e r o p p o r t u n i t y t o f i l e a p e t i t i o n

f o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w

.

A d d r e s s i n g t h e s t a n d a r d o f r e v i e w f o r c a s e s i n w h i c h a n a p p l i c a n t c o m p l a i n s t h a t h i s

c o u n s e l o n a p p e a l w a s i n e f f e c t i v e f o r f a i l i n g t o r a i s e a p a r t i c u l a r c o m p l a i n t

, t h i s C o u r t h a s

e x p l a i n e d t h e f

o l l o w i n g :

[ T ] o s h o w t h a t a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l w a s i n e f f e c t i v e f o r f a i l i n g t o a s s i g n a

p a r t i c u l a r p o i n t o f e r r o r o n a p p e a l

, a n a p p l i c a n t m u s t m e e t t h e s t a n d a r d s e t o u t

At the risk of distrac ting f rom the other issues I

discuss in this di ssent, I also believe that 5

the Court’s majority opinio n aff ords the wrong relief to Applicant in this case

. The complaint for

which t h e C o u rt grants relief is this Court’s own err oneous dismiss al of Applicant’s petition for

discretionar

y revie w as untimely

. Be cause this Court improperly dismiss ed the Applicant’s petition,

he is entit l ed to have his orig inal petition reinstated by the C ourt and no more. I nstead, thi s Court

app ea rs t o permit the filing of a new petition for discretionar y revie w, which in my view is an

unwar rante d windfall. Filing a new petition, the Applicant will have the ability to raise new claims

that truly would have been considere d untimely had their filing followed the filing of the improperly

dismiss ed petition. This Court still reta ins possession of the petition that was dismiss ed. I f the Court

decide s it should only g rant relief on this g round, it should simply reinstate the improperly dismiss ed

petition.GREEN — 4

i n S t r i c k l a n d v

. W

a s h i n g t o n

. T h i s r e q u i r e s a s h o w i n g o f b o t h d e f i c i e n t

p e r f o r m a n c e a n d p r e

j u d i c e

. A n a p p l i c a n t m u s t d e m o n s t r a t e t h a t c o u n s e l ’ s

d e c i s i o n n o t t o r a i s e a p a r t i c u l a r p o i n t o f e r r o r w a s o b j e c t i v e l y u n r e a s o n a b l e

a n d t h a t t h e r e i s a r e a s o n a b l e p r o b a b i l i t y t h a t

, b u t f o r c o u n s e l ' s f

a i l u r e t o r a i s e

t h a t i s s u e

, t h e a p p l i c a n t w o u l d h a v e p r e v a i l e d o n a p p e a l

. “ A r e a s o n a b l e

p r o b a b i l i t y i s a p r o b a b i l i t y s u f f i c i e n t t o u n d e r m i n e c o n f i d e n c e i n t h e o u t c o m e ”

o f t h e p r o c e e d i n g

.

E x p a r t e S a n t a n a

, 2 2 7 S

. W

. 3 d 7 0 0

, 7 0 4

- 7 0 5 ( T e x

. C r i m

. A p p

. 2 0 0 7 ) ( f o o t n o t e s o m i t t e d )

.

A p p l i c a n t m u s t t h e r e f

o r e d e m o n s t r a t e t h a t : ( 1 ) h i s c o u n s e l ’ s d e c i s i o n n o t t o r a i s e a n i s s u e o n

d i r e c t a p p e a l a b o u t t h e s t a c k i n g o r d e r i n h i s c a s e w a s o b j e c t i v e l y u n r e a s o n a b l e

, a n d ( 2 ) t h e r e

i s a r e a s o n a b l e p r o b a b i l i t y t h a t

, i f t h e c o m p l a i n t h a d b e e n r a i s e d

, h e w o u l d h a v e p r e v a i l e d o n

a p p e a l

.

S e c t i o n 3

. 0 3 o f t h e T e x a s P e n a l C o d e ( w h i c h a d d r e s s e s w h e n s e n t e n c e s a r i s i n g o u t

o f t h e s a m e c r i m i n a l e p i s o d e m u s t b e s e r v e d c o n c u r r e n t l y a n d w h e n t h e y m a y b e s e r v e d

c o n s e c u t i v e l y ) p r o v i d e s

, “ [ i ] f t h e a c c u s e d i s f o u n d g u i l t y o f m o r e t h a n o n e o f f e n s e a r i s i n g

o u t o f t h e s a m e c r i m i n a l e p i s o d e

, t h e s e n t e n c e s m a y r u n

. . . c o n s e c u t i v e l y i f e a c h s e n t e n c e

i s f o r a c o n v i c t i o n o f : ( 2 ) a n o f f e n s e : ( A ) u n d e r

. . . 2 2

. 0 1 1

. . . c o m m i t t e d a g a i n s t a v i c t i m

y o u n g e r t h a n 1 7 y e a r s o f a g e a t t h e t i m e o f t h e c o m m i s s i o n o f t h e o f f e n s e

. . . . ” T E X

. P E N A L

C O D E A N N

. § 3

. 0 3 ( b ) ( 2 ) ( A )

. A p p l i c a n t w a s t r i e d

, c o n v i c t e d

, a n d s e n t e n c e d f o r t w o c o u n t s

o f s e x u a l a s s a u l t

, b o t h a r i s i n g u n d e r S e c t i o n 2 2

. 0 1 1 o f t h e P e n a l C o d e

. T E X

. P E N A L C O D E

A N N

. § 2 2

. 0 1 1 ( a ) ( 1 ) ( A ) a n d ( B )

. B u t t h e v i c t i m t e s t i f i e d d u r i n g t h e A p p l i c a n t ’ s t r i a l t h a t s h e

w a s a t t h a t t i m e a l r e a d y 2 2 y e a r s o l d

. T h e S t a t e h a s a l s o c o n c e d e d i n i t s a n s w e r t o t h i s

a p p l i c a t i o n f

o r h a b e a s r e l i e f t h a t t h e v i c t i m ’ s b i r t h d a y i s J u n e 7

, 1 9 8 9

, a n d t h a t s h e w a s 2 1GREEN — 5

y e a r s

, 3 m o n t h s

, a n d 9 d a y s o l d o n t h e d a y o f t h e o f f e n s e : N o v e m b e r 1 5

, 2 0 1 0

.

B e c a u s e S e c t i o n 3

. 0 3 ( b ) ( 2 ) ( A ) o f t h e P e n a l C o d e p e r m i t s t h e s t a c k i n g o f s e n t e n c e s

a r i s i n g o u t o f t h e s a m e c r i m i n a l e p i s o d e f o r o f f e n s e s o n l y w h e r e t h e v i c t i m w a s y o u n g e r t h a n

1 7 a t t h e t i m e o f t h e c o m m i s s i o n o f t h e o f f e n s e

, a n d b e c a u s e t h e v i c t i m i n t h i s c a s e w a s 2 1

a t t h e t i m e o f t h e c o m m i s s i o n o f t h e o f f e n s e

, t h a t S e c t i o n d o e s n o t a p p e a r t o p e r m i t t h e

s e n t e n c e s t o b e s t a c k e d i n t h i s c a s e

. I t a l s o a p p e a r s t h a t n o o t h e r s u b s e c t i o n w i t h i n S e c t i o n

3

. 0 3 j u s t i f

i e s t h e s t a c k i n g o f s e n t e n c e s u n d e r t h e f a c t s o f t h i s c a s e

. A n d I s e e n o e v i d e n c e t h a t

A p p l i c a n t a g r e e d t o s t a c k i n g a s p a r t o f a p l e a b a r g a i n o r f o r a n y o t h e r r e a s o n

.

A p p l i c a n t ’ s a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l f i l e d a n a f

f i d a v i t w i t h t h e t r i a l c o u r t a d m i t t i n g t h a t

“ a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l d i d n o t n o t i c e t h e e r r o r p r e s e n t e d p u r s u a n t t o P e n a l [ C ] o d e [ S ] e c t i o n 3

. 0 3

( V e r n o n 2 0 1 4 )

. ” H e a p p e a r s t o c o n c e d e t h e r e f o r e t h a t h e d i d n o t e v e n c o n s i d e r r a i s i n g a

c o m p l a i n t a b o u t t h e s t a c k i n g o r d e r

. W h a t i s c e r t a i n i s t h a t o u r c u r r e n t c o n t r o l l i n g c a s e l a w

w o u l d h a v e p e r m i t t e d a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l t o c h a l l e n g e t h e t r i a l c o u r t ’ s s t a c k i n g o r d e r e v e n i n

t h e a b s e n c e o f

a n o b j e c t i o n i n t h e t r i a l c o u r t r e c o r d

. L a P o r t e v

. S t a t e

, 8 4 0 S

. W

. 2 d 4 1 2

, 4 1 5

( T e x

. C r i m

. A p p

. 1 9 9 2 )

. A n d t h e S t a t e c o n c e d e d i n i t s a n s w e r t o t h i s a p p l i c a t i o n t h a t t h e t r i a l

c o u r t ’ s s t a c k i n g o r d e r s h o u l d b e s e t a s i d e

.

I t i s c l e a r t o m e w h y t h e c o n v i c t i n g c o u r t h a s c o n c l u d e d t h a t a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l

p r o v i d e d i n e f

f e c t i v e a s s i s t a n c e f

o r f a i l i n g t o r a i s e i s s u e o f t h e s t a c k e d s e n t e n c e s o n d i r e c t

a p p e a l

. I a g r e e w i t h t h e c o n v i c t i n g c o u r t

. I n m y v i e w

, A p p l i c a n t h a s d e m o n s t r a t e d t h a t : ( 1 )

h i s c o u n s e l ’ s d e c i s i o n n o t t o r a i s e a n i s s u e o n d i r e c t a p p e a l a b o u t t h e s t a c k i n g o r d e r i n h i sGREEN — 6

c a s e w a s o b

j e c t i v e l y u n r e a s o n a b l e

, a n d ( 2 ) t h e r e i s a r e a s o n a b l e p r o b a b i l i t y t h a t

, h a d t h e

c o m p l a i n t b e e n r a i s e d

, h e w o u l d h a v e p r e v a i l e d o n a p p e a l

. A c c o r d i n g l y

, I w o u l d f i n d h e i s

e n t i t l e d t o r e l i e f o n t h e c l a i m t h a t h e r e c e i v e d i n e f f e c t i v e a s s i s t a n c e o f c o u n s e l o n d i r e c t

a p p e a l

. S e e E

x p a r t e S a n t a n a

, 2 2 7 S

. W

. 3 d a t 7 0 4

- 7 0 5

.

T h i s C o u r t ’ s o p i n i o n g r a n t i n g A p p l i c a n t a n e w o p p o r t u n i t y t o f i l e a p e t i t i o n f

o r

d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w c e r t a i n l y a f f o r d s s o m e r e l i e f

t o w h i c h A p p l i c a n t i s e n t i t l e d

. B u t i n m y

v i e w i t a f

f o r d s r e l i e f a k i n t o a n i c e l y w r a p p e d g i f t b o x c o n t a i n i n g n o t h i n g a t a l l

. A p p l i c a n t ’ s

a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l d i d n o t c o m p l a i n o n d i r e c t a p p e a l a b o u t h i s i m p r o p e r l y s t a c k e d s e n t e n c e s

.

A p p l i c a n t d i d r a i s e

, i n h i s p r o s e p e t i t i o n f o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w t h a t w a s i m p r o p e r l y

d i s m i s s e d a s u n t i m e l y b y t h i s C o u r t

, t h e v e r y s a m e c l a i m t h a t h e n o w r e i t e r a t e s i n h i s h a b e a s

a p p l i c a t i o n a n d f

o r w h i c h I f

i n d h e i s e n t i t l e d t o r e l i e f

. B u t

, u n d e r o u r e x i s t i n g p r e c e d e n t

, 6

h e c a n n o t g e t r e l i e f o n t h a t g r o u n d t h r o u g h a p e t i t i o n f o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w

. O n

d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w

, h e c a n o n l y r a i s e c o m p l a i n t s a b o u t e r r o r s t h a t w e r e f i r s t r a i s e d i n t h e

c o u r t o f a p p e a l s

. S e e

, e

. g

. , G a l l u p s v

. S t a t e

, 1 5 1 S

. W

. 3 d 1 9 6

, 2 0 0 ( T e x

. C r i m

. A p p

. 2 0 0 4 )

( d i s m i s s i n g a s i m p r o v i d e n t l y g r a n t e d t w o g r o u n d s t h a t w e r e n o t r a i s e d o r a d d r e s s e d b y t h e

c o u r t o f a p p e a l s ) ; W

h a t l e y v

. S t a t e

, 9 4 6 S

. W

. 2 d 7 3

, 7 6 n

. 6 ( T e x

. C r i m

. A p p

. 1 9 9 7 )

( e x p l a i n i n g t h a t t h i s C o u r t w o u l d n o t a d d r e s s a c o m p l a i n t t h a t h a d n o t b e e n f i r s t r a i s e d i n t h e

c o u r t o f a p p e a l s )

. W h a t g o o d d o e s g r a n t i n g t h e o u t

- o f

- t i m e p e t i t i o n d o f

o r A p p l i c a n t a t t h i s

p o i n t t h a t s i m p l y g r a n t i n g h i m h a b e a s c o r p u s r e l i e f i m m e d i a t e l y d o e s n o t b e t t e r a c c o m p l i s h ?

See note 3, ante

. 6GREEN — 7

I m m e d i a t e l y g r a n t i n g A p p l i c a n t a n e w a p p e a l

, b y c o n t r a s t

, w o u l d a f f o r d h i m

a p p r o p r i a t e r e l i e f o n a m e r i t o r i o u s h a b e a s c l a i m t h a t h i s a p p e l l a t e c o u n s e l p r o v i d e d

i n e f f e c t i v e a s s i s t a n c e b y a l l o w i n g h i m t o c o m p l a i n f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e o n d i r e c t a p p e a l a b o u t

t h e i m p r o p e r s t a c k i n g o r d e r i n h i s c a s e

. S h o u l d h e n o t p r e v a i l o n t h a t c l a i m i n t h e c o u r t o f

a p p e a l s

, o r s h o u l d h e r a i s e o t h e r c o m p l a i n t s o n a p p e a l t h a t a r e n o t r e s o l v e d t o h i s

s a t i s f a c t i o n

, h e w i l l s t i l l b e a b l e t o r a i s e t h e m b y a p e t i t i o n f o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w

. T E X

. R

.

A P P

. P

. 6 8

. 1 ( p r o v i d i n g t h a t

, “ [ o ] n p e t i t i o n b y a n y p a r t y

, t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s m a y

r e v i e w a c o u r t o f a p p e a l s ’ d e c i s i o n i n a c r i m i n a l c a s e ” )

.

T h e C o u r t ’ s o p i n i o n t o d a y f a i l s t o a f f o r d a p p l i c a n t t h e f

u l l r e l i e f t o w h i c h h e h a s

s h o w n h i m s e l f j u s t l y e n t i t l e d

. A p p l i c a n t i s e n t i t l e d t o a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o f i l e a p e t i t i o n f

o r

d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w

. B u t t h a t i s n o t a l l

. H e i s a l s o e n t i t l e d t o a n e w d i r e c t a p p e a l

, d u r i n g

w h i c h h e c a n c o m p l a i n a b o u t t h e s t a c k i n g o r d e r i n h i s c a s e

, a n d t h r o u g h w h i c h h e c a n

a c t u a l l y h a v e t h a t i s s u e t i m e l y a n d a p p r o p r i a t e l y a d d r e s s e d

.

T h e r e i s l i t t l e d o u b t t h a t

, e v e n i f a p p l i c a n t c o m p l a i n s a b o u t t h e s t a c k i n g o r d e r i n a n e w

p e t i t i o n f o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w

, h e w i l l n o t g e t r e l i e f f o r t h a t c l a i m i n t h a t p r o c e e d i n g

. W h o

k n o w s w h e t h e r t h e p r o s e A p p l i c a n t i n t h i s c a s e w i l l c o n t i n u e t o p u r s u e t h a t c l a i m i f h i s

p e t i t i o n f o r d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e v i e w i s r e f u s e d ? H e m i g h t

. O r h e m i g h t l o s e h e a r t a n d g i v e u p

h o p e

. T h i s C o u r t ’ s d e c i s i o n t o d a y a f f o r d s o n l y p a r t o f t h e r e l i e f t o w h i c h A p p l i c a n t i s

e n t i t l e d

, a n d b e c a u s e i t o n l y a f f o r d s r e l i e f t h a t i s u n l i k e l y t o r e s u l t i n a t i m e l y r e v i e w o f t h e

t r i a l c o u r t ’ s s t a c k i n g o r d e r i n h i s c a s e

, h e w i l l s i m p l y b e r e q u i r e d t o f i l e a n o t h e r p o s t

-GREEN — 8

c o n v i c t i o n a p p l i c a t i o n f o r w r i t o f h a b e a s c o r p u s a t s o m e f u t u r e d a t e i f h e w a n t s t o o b t a i n t h e

r e l i e f t o w h i c h h e i s d e m o n s t r a b l y e n t i t l e d

. B e c a u s e I f a i l t o s e e t h e p o i n t i n t h a t

, I

r e s p e c t f u l l y d i s s e n t

.

F I L E D : A p r i l 1

, 2 0 1 5

P U B L I S H