Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 211 / Thursday, October 31, 2013 / Rules and Regulations 65153 

the CDFI Fund financial statements that 

have been audited by an independent 

certified public accountant in 

accordance with generally accepted 

auditing standards as promulgated by 

the American Institute of Certified 

Public Accountants, no later than 180 

days after the end of the Awardee’s 

fiscal year. Non-profit organizations 

(excluding Insured CDFIs and StateInsured Credit Unions) that are required 

to have their financial statements 

audited pursuant to OMB Circular A– 

133 Audits of States, Local Governments 

and Non-Profit Organizations, must also 

submit their A–133 audited financial 

statements to the CDFI Fund no later 

than 270 days after the end of the 

Awardee’s fiscal year. Non-profit 

organizations (excluding Insured CDFIs 

and State-Insured Credit Unions) that 

are not required to have financial 

statements audited pursuant to OMB 

Circular A–133, Audits of States, Local 

Governments and Non-Profit 

Organizations, must submit to the CDFI 

Fund a statement signed by the 

Awardee’s Authorized Representative or 

certified public accountant, asserting 

that the Awardee is not required to have 

a single audit pursuant OMB Circular 

A–133. 

* * * * * 

Dated: October 24, 2013. 

Donna J. Gambrell, 

Director, Community Development Financial 

Institutions Fund. 

[FR Doc. 2013–25872 Filed 10–30–13; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4810–70–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 25 

[Docket No. FAA–2013–0920; Special 

Conditions No. 25–13–12–SC] 

Special Conditions: Learjet Model 45 

Series Airplanes; Aircraft Electronic 

System Security Protection From 

Unauthorized External Access 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Final special condition; request 

for comments. 

SUMMARY: These special conditions are 

issued for the Learjet Model 45 series 

airplanes. These airplanes will have a 

novel or unusual design feature 

associated with the architecture and 

connectivity capabilities of the 

airplanes’ computer systems and 

networks. Connectivity to, or access by, 

external systems and networks may 

result in security vulnerabilities to the 

airplanes’ systems. The applicable 

airworthiness regulations do not contain 

adequate or appropriate safety standards 

for this design feature. These special 

conditions contain the additional safety 

standards that the Administrator 

considers necessary to establish a level 

of safety equivalent to that established 

by the existing airworthiness standards. 

DATES: The effective date of these 

special conditions is October 31, 2013. 

We must receive your comments by 

December 16, 2013. 

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified 

by docket number FAA–2013–0920 

using any of the following methods: 

• Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to 

http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow 

the online instructions for sending your 

comments electronically. 

Mail: Send comments to Docket 

Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of 

Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey 

Avenue SE, Room W12–140, West 

Building Ground Floor, Washington, 

DC, 20590–0001. 

Hand Delivery or Courier: Take 

comments to Docket Operations in 

Room W12–140 of the West Building 

Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey 

Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 8 

a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through 

Friday, except federal holidays. 

Fax: Fax comments to Docket 

Operations at 202–493–2251. 

Privacy: The FAA will post all 

comments it receives, without change, 

to http://www.regulations.gov/, 

including any personal information the 

commenter provides. Using the search 

function of the docket Web site, anyone 

can find and read the electronic form of 

all comments received into any FAA 

docket, including the name of the 

individual sending the comment (or 

signing the comment for an association, 

business, labor union, etc.). DOT’s 

complete Privacy Act Statement can be 

found in the Federal Register published 

on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478), 

as well as at http://DocketsInfo.dot 

.gov/. 

Docket: Background documents or 

comments received may be read at 

http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. 

Follow the online instructions for 

accessing the docket or go to the Docket 

Operations in Room W12–140 of the 

West Building Ground Floor at 1200 

New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, 

DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday 

through Friday, except federal holidays. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Varun Khanna, FAA, Airplane and 

Flight Crew Interface Branch, ANM– 

111, Transport Airplane Directorate, 

Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind 

Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 

98057–3356; telephone 425–227–1298; 

facsimile 425–227–1149. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The FAA 

has determined that notice of, and 

opportunity for prior public comment 

on, these special conditions are 

impracticable because these procedures 

would significantly delay issuance of 

the design approval and thus delivery of 

the affected aircraft. The FAA has also 

determined that notice of these special 

conditions is unnecessary because the 

substance of these special conditions 

has been subject to the public comment 

process in several prior instances with 

no substantive comments received. The 

FAA therefore finds that good cause 

exists for making these special 

conditions effective upon publication in 

the Federal Register. 

Comments Invited 

We invite interested people to take 

part in this rulemaking by sending 

written comments, data, or views. The 

most helpful comments reference a 

specific portion of the special 

conditions, explain the reason for any 

recommended change, and include 

supporting data. 

We will consider all comments we 

receive by the closing date for 

comments. We may change these special 

conditions based on the comments we 

receive. 

Background 

On April 21, 2010, Learjet applied for 

both a change to Type Certificate No. 

T00008WI and for a supplemental type 

certificate (STC) for an installation of an 

avionics upgrade in the Learjet Model 

45 series airplanes. The Model 45 series 

airplanes are swept-wing aircraft 

equipped with two Honeywell TFE731– 

40BR turbojet engines, weighing 13,890 

pounds empty and capable of carrying 

up to nine passengers and two crew 

members. 

The proposed Learjet Model 45 

avionics architecture is new and novel 

for commercial transport airplanes by 

allowing connection to airplane 

electronic systems and networks, and 

access from aircraft external sources 

(e.g., wireless devices, Internet 

connectivity) to the previously isolated 

airplane electronic assets. 

Learjet’s proposed design is 

considered by the FAA to be an 

architecture which introduces potential 

security risks and vulnerabilities not 

addressed in current regulations and 

aircraft-level or system-level safety 

assessment methods. Consequently, 

these special conditions address 

security and safety issues arising from 

the use of this type of architecture, and 


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65154 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 211 / Thursday, October 31, 2013 / Rules and Regulations 

foreseeable flight and maintenance 

applications impacted by these 

interconnected data networks and the 

addition of external access points. 

Type Certification Basis 

Under Title 14, Code of Federal 

Regulations (14 CFR) 21.17, Learjet must 

show that the Model 45 series meets the 

applicable provisions of 14 CFR part 25, 

as amended by Amendments 25–1 

through 25–128. 

If the Administrator finds that the 

applicable airworthiness regulations 

(i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain 

adequate or appropriate safety standards 

for the Model 45 series because of a 

novel or unusual design feature, special 

conditions are prescribed under § 21.16. 

Special conditions are initially 

applicable to the model for which they 

are issued. Should the type certificate 

for that model be amended later to 

include any other model that 

incorporates the same novel or unusual 

design feature, the proposed special 

conditions would also apply to the other 

model under § 21.101. 

In addition to the applicable 

airworthiness regulations and proposed 

special conditions, the Learjet Model 45 

series airplane must comply with the 

fuel vent and exhaust emission 

requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the 

noise certification requirements of 14 

CFR part 36 and the FAA must issue a 

finding of regulatory adequacy under 

§ 611 of Public Law 92–574, the ‘‘Noise 

Control Act of 1972.’’ 

The FAA issues special conditions, as 

defined in 14 CFR 11.19, under § 11.38, 

and they become part of the typecertification basis under § 21.17(a)(2). 

Novel or Unusual Design Features 

The Learjet Model 45 series airplanes 

will incorporate the following novel or 

unusual design features: Digital systems 

architecture composed of several 

connected networks. The proposed 

architecture and network configuration 

may be used for, or interfaced with, a 

diverse set of functions, including: 

1. Flight-safety related control, 

communication, display, monitoring, 

and navigation systems (aircraft control 

functions); 

2. Operator business and 

administrative support (operator 

information services); 

3. Passenger information and 

entertainment systems (passenger 

entertainment services); and, 

4. The capability to allow access to or 

by systems external to the airplane. 

Discussion 

The architecture and network 

configuration in the Learjet Model 45 

series airplanes may allow increased 

connectivity to, or access by, external 

airplane sources, airline operations, and 

maintenance systems to the aircraft 

control functions and airline 

information services. The aircraft 

control functions and airline 

information services perform functions 

required for the safe operation and 

maintenance of the airplane. Previously 

these functions and services had very 

limited connectivity with external 

sources. The architecture and network 

configuration may allow the 

exploitation of network security 

vulnerabilities resulting in intentional 

or unintentional destruction, disruption, 

degradation, or exploitation of data, 

systems, and networks critical to the 

safety and maintenance of the airplane. 

The existing regulations and guidance 

material did not anticipate these types 

of airplane system architectures. 

Furthermore, 14 CFR regulations and 

current system safety assessment policy 

and techniques do not address potential 

security vulnerabilities, which could be 

exploited by unauthorized access to 

airplane systems, data buses, and 

servers. Therefore, these special 

conditions are issued to ensure that the 

security (i.e., confidentiality, integrity, 

and availability) of airplane systems is 

not compromised by unauthorized 

wired or wireless electronic 

connections. 

For the reasons discussed above, these 

special conditions contain the 

additional safety standards that the 

Administrator considers necessary to 

establish a level of safety equivalent to 

that established by the existing 

airworthiness standards. 

Applicability 

As discussed above, these special 

conditions are applicable to the Learjet 

Model 45 series airplanes. Should 

Learjet apply at a later date for a change 

to the type certificate to include another 

model incorporating the same novel or 

unusual design feature, the special 

conditions would apply to that model as 

well. 

Conclusion 

This action affects only certain novel 

or unusual design features on one model 

series of airplanes. It is not a rule of 

general applicability. 

The substance of these special 

conditions has been subjected to the 

notice and comment period in several 

prior instances and has been derived 

without substantive change from those 

previously issued. It is unlikely that 

prior public comment would result in a 

significant change from the substance 

contained herein. Therefore, the FAA 

has determined that prior public notice 

and comment are unnecessary, and good 

cause exists for adopting these special 

conditions upon publication in the 

Federal Register. The FAA is requesting 

comments to allow interested persons to 

submit views that may not have been 

submitted in response to the prior 

opportunities for comment described 

above. 

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 

Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting 

and recordkeeping requirements. 

The authority citation for these 

special conditions is as follows: 

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 

44702, 44704. 

The Special Conditions 

Accordingly, pursuant to the 

authority delegated to me by the 

Administrator, the following special 

conditions are issued as part of the type 

certification basis for Learjet Model 45 

series airplanes. 

System Security Protection for Aircraft 

Control Domain and Airline Information 

Services Domain From External Access 

1. The applicant must ensure airplane 

electronic system security protection 

from access by unauthorized sources 

external to the airplane, including those 

possibly caused by maintenance 

activity. 

2. The applicant must ensure that 

electronic system security threats are 

identified and assessed, and that 

effective electronic system security 

protection strategies are implemented to 

protect the airplane from all adverse 

impacts on safety, functionality, and 

continued airworthiness. 

3. The applicant must establish 

appropriate procedures to allow the 

operator to ensure that continued 

airworthiness of the aircraft is 

maintained, including all post-typecertification modifications that may 

have an impact on the approved 

electronic system security safeguards. 

Issued in Renton, Washington, on October 

22, 2013. 

Stephen P. Boyd, 

Acting Manager, Transport Airplane 

Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service. 

[FR Doc. 2013–25846 Filed 10–30–13; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 


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