Annual LMR Live Cattle Purchase Type Breakdown by Region 

NATIONAL 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

Cash 52.1% 49.4% 47.3% 42.6% 38.8% 37.4% 32.6% 26.0% 23.1% 23.1% 21.3% 25.6% 25.7% 25.5% 20.9% 23.4% 19.5%

Formula 33.2% 34.3% 37.4% 39.1% 43.7% 43.1% 47.4% 54.8% 59.8% 56.8% 57.0% 57.6% 57.2% 61.1% 64.8% 62.7% 61.0%

Forward Contract 4.8% 7.2% 6.8% 11.2% 9.5% 11.9% 13.2% 12.0% 10.8% 15.8% 17.5% 12.7% 13.0% 9.6% 11.0% 8.9% 10.9%

Negotiated Grid 9.9% 9.0% 8.5% 7.1% 8.0% 7.6% 6.7% 7.2% 6.3% 4.3% 4.2% 4.1% 4.1% 3.8% 3.3% 5.0% 8.6%

5-AREA 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

Cash 55.8% 52.0% 49.8% 45.3% 43.2% 42.4% 36.8% 27.8% 24.1% 24.0% 21.3% 26.3% 26.8% 26.1% 20.5% 23.3% 19.4%

Formula 31.9% 33.3% 35.9% 38.1% 42.3% 42.2% 46.5% 56.2% 61.8% 58.7% 58.8% 59.4% 59.5% 64.2% 69.6% 67.0% 64.7%

Forward Contract 4.6% 7.1% 6.8% 10.4% 8.1% 9.9% 10.9% 10.0% 8.6% 13.7% 16.7% 11.2% 10.8% 7.0% 7.6% 5.4% 7.7%

Negotiated Grid 7.7% 7.7% 7.5% 6.3% 6.4% 5.5% 5.7% 5.9% 5.4% 3.6% 3.2% 3.1% 2.9% 2.7% 2.3% 4.3% 8.2%

TEXAS -OKLAHOMA-NEW MEXICO 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019* 2020 2021 

Cash 47.2% 42.5% 36.7% 31.5% 26.4% 21.5% 17.0% 10.2% 6.1% 3.0% 2.6% 6.4% 9.3% 6.2% 5.4% 10.1% 7.4%

Formula 42.2% 42.2% 48.4% 53.3% 60.4% 66.9% 72.7% 76.0% 83.0% 84.6% 85.9% 82.4% 81.8% 86.2% 87.9% 84.2% 80.8%

Forward Contract 3.1% 5.0% 4.4% 5.8% 5.4% 4.9% 4.4% 5.4% 4.0% 7.4% 9.3% 7.0% 6.2% 4.9% 5.3% 4.3% 5.0%

Negotiated Grid 7.5% 10.3% 10.5% 9.3% 7.8% 6.7% 5.9% 8.4% 6.9% 5.1% 2.1% 4.2% 2.6% 2.7% 1.6% 1.4% 6.8%

KANSAS 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

Cash 50.6% 47.3% 44.8% 41.7% 39.9% 41.0% 36.9% 27.4% 21.0% 15.6% 12.5% 23.0% 21.9% 19.3% 16.2% 18.2% 12.5%

Formula 44.8% 46.0% 48.5% 48.0% 52.1% 51.6% 54.1% 63.6% 68.5% 69.5% 64.8% 67.3% 70.7% 76.4% 81.6% 76.7% 74.4%

Forward Contract 2.8% 5.4% 5.4% 7.8% 7.0% 6.3% 7.1% 5.7% 6.5% 14.3% 22.2% 9.3% 7.0% 3.9% 1.7% 1.4% 3.8%

Negotiated Grid 1.8% 1.3% 1.3% 2.4% 1.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.4% 4.0% 0.7% 0.6% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.5% 3.7% 9.3%

NEBRASKA 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

Cash 64.6% 63.7% 64.7% 61.0% 60.4% 55.8% 48.3% 38.9% 36.4% 38.3% 32.6% 42.1% 41.3% 43.0% 32.9% 36.1% 31.1%

Formula 18.3% 16.8% 17.8% 17.8% 22.6% 23.4% 28.7% 41.0% 48.4% 42.6% 44.4% 42.0% 41.0% 45.2% 52.4% 54.0% 52.1%

Forward Contract 5.8% 9.7% 7.8% 14.7% 9.0% 14.0% 15.6% 14.8% 10.2% 14.7% 17.7% 12.7% 13.5% 8.5% 11.7% 4.6% 8.8%

Negotiated Grid 11.3% 9.8% 9.6% 6.5% 8.0% 6.7% 7.4% 5.3% 5.0% 4.4% 5.3% 3.2% 4.2% 3.3% 3.0% 5.3% 8.0%
COLORADO 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019** 2020** 2021** 

Cash 51.8% 40.7% 39.6% 28.5% 28.8% 19.7% 17.9% 12.5% 10.6% 11.2% 8.3% 13.8% 16.0% 13.5% N/A N/A N/A

Formula 30.1% 46.7% 46.3% 54.5% 57.9% 64.0% 64.1% 69.1% 71.4% 64.1% 70.8% 73.4% 69.4% 74.5% N/A N/A N/A

Forward Contract 8.6% 7.3% 7.5% 13.3% 10.5% 14.4% 16.0% 16.8% 16.8% 24.1% 20.3% 12.2% 14.1% 10.9% N/A N/A N/A

Negotiated Grid 9.5% 5.3% 6.6% 3.8% 2.7% 1.9% 2.0% 1.6% 1.2% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 1.1% N/A N/A N/A

IOWA-MINNESOTA 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 

Cash 73.9% 68.8% 68.8% 66.7% 63.9% 65.6% 61.8% 56.4% 54.6% 57.0% 56.7% 50.9% 51.0% 57.1% 50.0% 51.2% 47.5%

Formula 7.2% 8.4% 8.2% 9.0% 10.3% 11.2% 10.9% 20.5% 23.2% 20.3% 20.2% 21.1% 21.3% 22.3% 25.3% 24.7% 24.9%

Forward Contract 7.1% 10.2% 13.3% 16.7% 13.2% 13.9% 17.1% 13.2% 13.8% 17.1% 16.1% 20.1% 19.8% 13.6% 17.8% 15.6% 17.4%

Negotiated Grid 11.8% 12.6% 9.7% 7.6% 12.6% 9.3% 10.2% 9.9% 8.4% 5.7% 7.0% 7.9% 7.9% 7.0% 6.9% 8.5% 10.2%

Source: USDA AMS Livestock, Poultry & Grain Market News 

*Dataset has a minimum of one quarter removed due to 3/70/20 confidentiality guidelines 

**Entire dataset removed due to 3/70/20 confidentiality guidelines.