Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C"CashforClunkers"lawn&gardenprogram Offer $75 for owners to turn in old, 2 and 4-stroke 

lawn & garden equipment and purchase electric or push mower 

Non-road DC RACM 

"Southern"reformulatedgasoline(verylowRVP) VOC Very Low RVP On-road MA Strateg1RegenerativeThermalOxidizer VOC Process vent gas treatment Stationary NEET Dat1ThermalOxidizers VOC Process vent gas treatment Stationary NEET Dat3RCleanMultiFuels-CLEANCOAL VOC Work practices (general) Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

3RMultiVenturiOffgasScrubber Emission capture systems Stationary NEET Dat4DayWorkWeek/FlexibleWorkSchedules Encourage employers to adopt a shorter work 

week, with employees working 4 10-hour days 

Mobile DC RACM 

AcceleratedimplementationofEnhancedI/M VOC MA StrategAcceleratedVehicleRetirement NOx/VOC Implement an accelerated vehicle retirement, or 

"scrappage" program in conjunction with an I/M program. 

Mobile EPA Meas

AccesstoJobsProgram Identifies gaps in transit service between places of 

residence and places of work for low wage workers 

Mobile DC RACM 

AcetalResinsProduction VOC Stationary EPA MeasAcrylicFibers/MonoacrylicFibersProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/gmact/gmactpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Acrylicplastisols2 VOC Acrylic plastisols are being investigated as a new 

type of low-solvent industrial coating. Acrylic polymers offer a number of distinct advantages over polyvinyl chloride such as superior exterior durability and a more favorable environmental image. 

Stationary Regulatory 

Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-StyreneProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr4/pr4pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CAdaptiveControlTechniquesforEngineManagement25 

NOx/VOC Non-linear adaptive control techniques control 

air/fuel ratios more precisely over a wider range of operating conditions and operate catalytic converters over the narrow range in which they are efficient. Adapts to aging or faulty engines and to varying fuel properties such as volatility. 

 Regulatory 

AdditionalTransitStores Establish additional stationary transit stores in the 

region 

Mobile DC RACM 

Addozonealerttocountywebsite EACs - 20Addselectivecatalyticreduction(SCR) NOx/PM Diesel 

locomotives 

Regulatory 

AdhesiveApplications VOC VOC content limits for compliant adhesives + 

Emission capture and control system for noncompliant adhesives + Transfer efficiency requirements for adhesive applicators + Solvent cleaning, storage and disposal comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

Adhesives-industrial VOC SCAQMD Rule 1168 Stationary EPA MeasAdipicAcidManufacturing NOx Thermal Reduction Stationary EPA MeasAdipicAcidManufacturing NOx Extended Absorption Stationary EPA MeasAdoptaschoolbusprogram EACs - 20Adoptlocalcleanairpolicy EACs - 20Adoptmeasurestoreducelawnareaandmowerusagethroughxeriscaping 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

AdvancedAcetylenicGlycol(AAG)technology9 VOC To address the need for substrate wetting in 

waterborne systems, a new-generation surfactant has been developed based on Advanced Acetylenic Glycol (AAG) technology. The AAG technology provides greater flexibility and mobility, as well as other benefits. 

 Regulatory 

AdvancedAirfoilRetrofit NOx/VOC Rather than using airfoils designed originally for Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

the airline industry, systems using airfoils designed specifically for wind towers offer substantial savings. One estimate is that substitution of such airfoils onto existing towers causes a 20 - 30 percent increase in electricity generation. 

Aerodynamicdevices NOx Non-road Regulatory Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-StyreneProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr4/pr4pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

AdaptiveControlTechniquesforEngineManagement25 

NOx/VOC Non-linear adaptive control techniques control 

air/fuel ratios more precisely over a wider range of operating conditions and operate catalytic converters over the narrow range in which they are efficient. Adapts to aging or faulty engines and to varying fuel properties such as volatility. 

 Regulatory 

AdditionalTransitStores Establish additional stationary transit stores in the 

region 

Mobile DC RACM 

Addozonealerttocountywebsite EACs - 20Addselectivecatalyticreduction(SCR) NOx/PM Diesel 

locomotives 

Regulatory 

AdhesiveApplications VOC VOC content limits for compliant adhesives + 

Emission capture and control system for noncompliant adhesives + Transfer efficiency requirements for adhesive applicators + Solvent cleaning, storage and disposal comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

Adhesives-industrial VOC SCAQMD Rule 1168 Stationary EPA MeasAdipicAcidManufacturing NOx Thermal Reduction Stationary EPA MeasAdipicAcidManufacturing NOx Extended Absorption Stationary EPA MeasAdoptaschoolbusprogram EACs - 20Adoptlocalcleanairpolicy EACs - 20
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CAdoptmeasurestoreducelawnareaandmowerusagethroughxeriscaping 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

AdvancedAcetylenicGlycol(AAG)technology9 VOC To address the need for substrate wetting in 

waterborne systems, a new-generation surfactant has been developed based on Advanced Acetylenic Glycol (AAG) technology. The AAG technology provides greater flexibility and mobility, as well as other benefits. 

 Regulatory 

AdvancedAirfoilRetrofit NOx/VOC Rather than using airfoils designed originally for 

the airline industry, systems using airfoils designed specifically for wind towers offer substantial savings. One estimate is that substitution of such airfoils onto existing towers causes a 20 - 30 percent increase in electricity generation. 

 Regulatory 

Aerodynamicdevices NOx Non-road Regulatory AerosolMetalsMonitor Ambient Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatAerosolPaints VOC Bay Area Air Quality Management District's 

(BAAQMD's) rule + additional reductions from standards similar to those of SCAQMD. 

Stationary EPA Meas

AerospaceAssemblyandComponentManufacturingOperations 

VOC VOC content limits for coatings, adhesives, and 

maskents + Cleaning operations and solvent storage and disposal comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

AerospaceIndustries VOC See Website -

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/aerosp/aeropg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

AerospaceManufacturingandRework VOC EPA's National Emission Standard for Hazardous 

Air Pollutant (NESHAP) + area-specific limits for specialty coatings to reflect local plant operations. 

Stationary EPA Meas

AgriculturalBurning NOx Seasonal Ban (Ozone Season) Stationary EPA MeasAgriculturaldieselengineelectrification NOx Offroad SAQMD CAgriculturaldieselengineelectrification VOC Offroad SAQMD CAgriculturalequipmentretrofits Require agricultural equipment to be retrofitted Non-road DC RACM 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

with emissions controls 

Agriculturalequipmentuserestrictions Mandatory restrictions on use of agricultural 

equipment during Code Red Ozone Action Days 

Non-road DC RACM 

Agriculture:Ammoniarestrictionsonconfinedanimalfeedingoperations 

PM2.5 Area CT Memo 

AIMSurfaceCoatings CT RACM Aircraft:ReduceEmissionsbyAlteringOperations(e.g.,Taxiing) 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

AircraftNon-GateIdling Sign MOUs with airlines to limit idling of aircraft 

while taxiing 

Area DC RACM 

AircraftNon-GateIdling EACs - 20Aircraftsurfacecoating VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasAircurtaindestructor-landclearing EACs - 20AirportCleanAirPlan EACs - 20AirportCongestionPricing Charge higher aircraft landing fees during busy 

times of day to reduce airport delays and congestion 

Area DC RACM 

AirQualityOutreachandActionDays EACs - 20AirStripping/SoilDecontamination VOC 

Stationary/Area 

SAQMD C

Aliphaticisocyanates17 VOC Urethane technology provides strong linkage for 

molecules in coatings, and is finding its way into high-solid, powder, and waterborne technologies. For example, isophorone diisocyanate is gathering 

strength in the powder coatings market, while use of hexamethylene diisocyanate in waterbased coatings is expected to grow. A family of lowtemperature unblocking isocyanates as also been developed, and is being marketed to the painting 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

and coating industry. 

AlkalineFuelCells(AFC)6 NOx/VOC Long used by NASA on space missions, these cells 

can achieve power generating efficiencies of up to 70 percent. They use alkaline potassium as the electrolyte. Until recently they were too costly for commercial applications, but several companies are examining ways to reduce costs and improve operating flexibility. 

 Regulatory 

AllowDistricttoOptintoTest-onlyProgram NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

Alternatecommuteinfrastructure EACs - 20Alternateworkschedules EACs - 20Alternativefuelforcountyfleets EACs - 20alternativefuelshuttlebuses NOx Landuse SAQMD CAlternativefuelvehicles EACs - 20AluminumRollingMills VOC Add-on controls achieving a 95-percent reduction 

in VOC emissions and/or VOC-content standards for lubricants 

Stationary EPA Meas

AmbientEngineeringBiofilters VOC Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatAminoResinsProductions VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/amino/aminopg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Ammonia-NaturalGas-FiredReformers NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasAmmonia-NaturalGas-FiredReformers NOx Oxygen Trim + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasAmmonia-NaturalGas-FiredReformers NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasAmmonia-NaturalGas-FiredReformers NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasAmmonia-NaturalGas-FiredReformers NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasAmmoniaPlants NOx Controls based on those for process heaters and 

industrial boilers 

Stationary EPA Meas

AmmoniaProduction;FeedstockDesulfurization NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CAmorphoussilicon(a-Si) NOx/VOC A solar film on which research efforts is focused 

because of its potential for increased unit efficiency and ease of manufacturing. Efficiency gains are evident: from less than one percent in 1974 to 10.2 percent in 1994. Researchers are currently seeking laboratory efficiency ratings of 13 percent. Lower efficiency ceiling of a-Si compared to crystalline silicon offset by lower manufacturing costs. 

 Regulatory 

Announceozoneactiondaysonradio EACs - 20AnnualGasolineVehiclePollutionFee Levy an annual fee on petroleum-powered vehicles 

based on mileage driven and emission rates. 

Mobile DC RACM 

Anti-idlingprovisions-dieselengines- EACs - 20Applicationofagriculturalpesticides VOC Water based carriers for pesticides Stationary EPA MeasAppointOzoneActionCoordinator- EACs - 20Askgaragestolimitidling EACs - 20Asphalt/CoalTarApplications-MetalPipes VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasAsphalticConcrete;RotaryDryer;ConversionPlant NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasAsphaltProcessing VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasAsphaltRoofingManufacturing VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasAugmenttruckandBusInspectionswithCommunitybasedInspections NOx On-Road Mobile SAQMD CAutoandLightDutyTruck(SurfaceCoating) VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasAutobodyRefinishing VOC High-volume, low pressure (HVLP) spray systems 

+ gun-cleaning equipment + proper disposal for clean-up solvents + California's Best Available Retrofit Control Technology limits. 

Stationary EPA Meas

AutobodyRefinishingControls EACs - 20AutomatedElectricVehicleChargingSystem15 NOx/VOC Development of an automated system that would 

dock, or couple, an EV to a battery charging system. The project will address inductively and 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

conductively coupled systems. This project is expected to build on previous research into such an automated system, resulting in a prototype test unit of a commercially viable system. This project, if successful, will improve the perceived convenience and, thus, commercial viability of EVs. 

Automatespeedenforcementandlowerthespeedlimitto55mphforheavydutyvehicles 

NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

AutomaticVehicleLocatorSystem System would provide bus location information to 

WMATA dispatchers. This would decrease wait time and improve on-time arrival/departure. 

Mobile DC RACM 

AutomobileandLightdutytrucksurfacecoatingoperations VOC Low solvent coatings Stationary EPA MeasAutomobileAssembly VOC Spray booth abatement at 5.8 lbs/gal solids applied 

+ without spray booth abatement, a 10-lbs/gal level 

Stationary EPA Meas

AutomobileInsuranceisChargedatthepumporinsuranceismileagebased 

NOx SAQMD C

Automobilerefinishing VOC Federal Rule Stationary EPA MeasAutomobilerefinishing VOC FIP Rule (VOC content & TE) Stationary EPA MeasAutomobilerefinishing VOC CARB BARCT limits Stationary EPA MeasAvailability/ExtentofNOxControls NOx Stationary EPA MeasBACTandoffsetsfornewormodifiedpointsources EACs - 20Bakeries Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1153: Commercial Bakery 

Ovens 

Area DC RACM 

Banactivitiessuchas2-strokeengines NOx Offroad SAQMD CBanactivitiessuchas2-strokeengines VOC Offroad SAQMD CBanopenburningduringozoneaction EACs - 20Banorlimitopenburning EACs - 20Banorrestrictuseofrecreationalvehicles NOx Offroad SAQMD C
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CBanorrestrictuseofrecreationalvehicles VOC Offroad SAQMD CBantheuseofVOC-bornepesticidesonspare-theairdays VOC Area SAQMD CBantransfersystemsinPetroleumDryCleaning VOC 

Stationary/Area 

SAQMD C

BanVehiclesfromDowntownStreets Restrict private vehicle use in certain downtown 

areas during business hours , encouraging pedestrian and bicycle use instead. 

Mobile DC RACM 

BatchProcesses VOC Current technologies achieving 98-percent control 

efficiency with exemptions based on considerations of volatility, annual emissions and flow rate. 

Stationary EPA Meas

BEPs EACs - 20BestAvailableRetrofitControlTechnology(BARCT)for10tpyVOCsources 

VOC MA Strateg

Bestmgtpractices-engines EACs - 20Bestpracticesforfueling EACs - 20BeverageCanCoating VOC Incineration Stationary EPA MeasBeveragecansurfacecoatingindustry VOC Low solvent inks or Incineration Stationary EPA MeasBiodiesel(On-Road) Require regional use of biodiesel fuel for on-road 

vehicles 

Mobile DC RACM 

Biodieselreadytrucks EACs - 20Bio-dieselsolidwastetrucks EACs - 20BiofiltrationofGaseousEffluents VOC Process vent gas treatment Stationary NEET DatBiomimeticcoatings1 VOC Synthetic routes are being developed for new water 

soluble polymers to enable the formulation of effective and durable waterborne protective coatings. The aim is to develop novel watersoluble polymers which on evaporation of water undergo a phase transformation similar to protein 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

molecules where hydrophobic moieties, present in the polymer, form the matrix of the film. This approach to produce zero-VOC solvent systems avoids the water sensitivity and reductions in performance and durability experienced by the current generation of water-based coatings. 

Blowdowncontrolsatnaturalgaspipelinecompressorstations 

NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo 

BoatManufacturing VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasBoilersandProcessHeatersinPetroleumRefineries NOx NOx emission limit + Approved Alternative 

Emission Control Plan + Continuous NOx stack monitoring 

Stationary EPA Meas

BoseAntiAirPollutantandEnergyConservationSystem Fund trial of Bose system in local vehicle fleets. The Bose system is a mechanical system that uses 

high-speed centrifugal separation to remove light combustible gases from the exhaust stream. The system can be used with all types of fuel. 

Mobile DC RACM 

Brownfielddevelopment EACs - 20BuildPark&RideLotsatMajorIntersectionsofCommuterHighways 

 Construct new park & ride commuter lots along 

HOV facilities 

Mobile DC RACM 

Bulkgasolineterminals VOC Vapor collection systems + Vapor tight tank 

trucks, Water-based cements 

Stationary EPA Meas

BulkTerminals VOC Balanced/Adsorber/Testing Stationary EPA Measburningduringtheozoneseason NOx Area SAQMD Cburningduringtheozoneseason VOC Area SAQMD CBusTraffic-SignalPre-emption NOx Landuse SAQMD CButylRubberProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr1/pr1pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Buyinbulk;lesspackaging EACs - 20By-ProductCokeManufacturing;OvenUnderfiring NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CC.G.S.section29-252 Stationary CT Memo Cadmiumtelluride NOx/VOC A solar film on which research effort is focused due 

to its likely ease of production, likely improved 

efficiency and ability to compete with crystalline silicon modules. Laboratory efficiency ratings have reached 16 percent with commercial efficiency of 6 percent. Research indicates manufacturing techniques are likely very low cost, including electrodeposition, spraying, and high rate 

evaporation. 

 Regulatory 

CaliforniaLowEmissionVehiclePhase2(CALEV2) NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo CaliforniaLow-EmissionVehicles NOx/VOC Adopt the California low-emission vehicle 

program 

Mobile EPA Meas

Californiaperiodicheavydutydieselvehiclefleetinspectionprogram PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo CaliforniaSpark-IgnitionEngines(Dec2000) TX SIP - 2CANSOLVRegenerableSO2ControlTechnology PM Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatCapandTradeEmissionsReductionProgramsimilartoRECLAIM 

NOx Stationary SAQMD C

CapandTradeEmissionsReductionProgramsimilartoRECLAIM 

VOC Stationary SAQMD C

CARBDieselFuel(On-Road) Implement CARB diesel fuel standards Mobile DC RACM CarbonBlackManufacture VOC Flare Stationary EPA MeasCarbonBlackProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasCarbonylSulfideProduction(Misc.OrganicNESHAP) 

VOC Pending Stationary EPA Meas

CARBsetstighterrequirementsformanufacturerstocertifyemissionsfromnewpassengervehicles 

NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

CARBsetstighterrequirementsfornewpassengervehicles(LEVIII) 

NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CCargohandlingequipmentatshipbuildersandports PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo CarSharingProgram Fund incentives for new car sharing customers (I.e. 

Flexcar or Zipcar services) 

Mobile DC RACM 

CarSharingPrograms NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasCatalyticOxidationwithHeatrecovery VOC Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatCelluloseAcetateManufacture VOC Carbon Adsorption Stationary EPA MeasCelluloseFoodCasingManufacturing VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasCement NOx Production procedures + SCR -2.8lb/ton Stationary EPA MeasCementKilnEmissionLimits(March2003) TX SIP - 2CementKilns NOx Continuous monitoring and recording of NOx 

emissions + NOx emission limit 

Stationary EPA Meas

CementKilns NOx Require combustion controls and post-combustion 

controls (SNCR) to achieve reductions of up to 70 percent on certain processes 

Stationary EPA Meas

CementManufacturing-Dry NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - NH3 Based Stationary EPA MeasCementManufacturing-Dry NOx Mid-Kiln Firing Stationary EPA MeasCementManufacturing-Dry NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasCementManufacturing-Dry NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Based Stationary EPA MeasCementManufacturing-Dry NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasCementManufacturing-Wet NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasCementManufacturing-Wet NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasCementManufacturing-Wet NOx Mid-Kiln Firing Stationary EPA MeasCeramicClayManufacturing;Drying NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasCeramicTechnologyforAdvancedHeatEngines4 Ceramic engine components are desirable for their 

durability and longevity. 

 Regulatory 

Certainfinalrecommendedmeasuresforresidential,commercialandindustrialsector 

 Stationary CT Memo 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CCetaneadditivestodieselfuel EACs - 20Changeworkschedule EACs - 20ChangeZoningOrdinancestoEncourageIn-fill NOx Landuse SAQMD CCHANOxRemovalSystem34 NOx This system removes NOx pollutants from small 

stationary diesel engines. There are currently no feasible controls for these engines. 

 Regulatory 

CharcoalManufacturing VOC Incineration Stationary EPA MeasCleanAirPartnersProgram This program motivates individuals to take 

voluntary actions to reduce emissions on Ozone Action Days 

Mobile DC RACM 

CleanFuelsfromMunicipalSolidWaste,Biomass,andOtherWasteFuels22 

NOx/VOC Development and demonstration of technologies 

and/or production processes to synthesize clean alternative fuels from various energy-rich, renewable sources, such as biomass, municipal 

solid waste, landfill gas, and other low cost or “free” waste fuels. The project is expected to result in pilot-scale production demonstrations, scale-up process design and cost analysis, overall environmental impact analysis, and projections for 

ultimate clean fuel costs and availability, for alternative fuels that are determined to offer the most promise 

 Regulatory 

Cleaningsolvents VOC Disposal practices for waste solvents Stationary EPA MeasClearcoatpowder21 VOC The Low Emission Paint Consortium is researching 

the development of a powder clearcoat, although this type of coating has many difficulties to overcome in terms of durability and appearance in comparison with current methods. A trade-off with powder coatings is that powder requires higher bake requirements and new equipment and application systems. 

 Regulatory 

Clusterdevelopment,SmartGrowth, EACs - 20
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CCNGRefuseHaulers Purchase new CNG powered trash trucks instead 

of conventional diesel vehicles 

Mobile DC RACM 

CNGRentalCars Purchase CNG rental cars for use in the region Mobile DC RACM CNGTaxicabs Replace regional taxicabs 7 years or older with 

CNG or other alternative fuel vehicles 

Mobile DC RACM 

CoalCleaning-ThermalDryer;FluidizedBed NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasCoatingofMetalPartsandProducts VOC VOC content limits for coatings + Solvent cleaning 

and storage comply with Rule 1171 + Emission collection and control system for non-compliant 

coatings 

Stationary EPA Meas

Coemployees-restrictmowingduring EACs - 20CokeBy-ProductPlants VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasCokeOvens:Pushing,QuenchingandBatteryStacks VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasCokeOvens:TopSideandDoorLeaks VOC Established MACT and LAER emission limits for 

coke batteries 

Stationary EPA Meas

Coldcleaning VOC NESHAP/MACT Stationary EPA MeasColdcleaning VOC Airtight degreasing system Stationary EPA MeasColdcleaning VOC SCAQMD 1122 (VOC content limit) Stationary EPA MeasColdlensblockingmethods("LoctiteColdBloc")6 VOC New uv-curing "cold" blocking adhesive enables 

optical manufacturers to produce lens surfaces that are practically distortion free, and virtually eliminates the environmental concerns (solvents) of the current technique. This technique facilitates easy debonding using a variety of debonding agents and techniques. The adhesive is a significant advance in the lens blocking process, as it eliminates heat-induced blocking strain, which is the most significant problem encountered with current hot pitch blocking methods. Process 

reduces costly processing time, and is compatible with existing tooling. 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CCombifilter-ActiveDieselParticulateFilter VOC/PM Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatCombustionTurbines VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasCommercial,lnstitutionalIncinerators NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasCommercialEthyleneOxideSterilization VOC Control emissions from the main sterilizer vent and 

vacuum pump drains at 99-percent from ethylene oxide (EtO) sterilizers using greater than 600 

pounds of Et0 per year. 

Stationary EPA Meas

Community-basedshuttlesystem NOx Landuse SAQMD CCommuteemissionreductionprogram EACs - 20CommuterChoiceProgram EACs - 20CommuterChoiceTaxCredit Employers subsidize employees' monthly transit or 

vanpool costs and receive a tax credit for incurred expenses. 

Mobile DC RACM 

Commutesolutionsprograms- EACs - 20Compatibleinnovativecoatings27 VOC Ciba is working on developing compatible powder, 

high solid and waterborne epoxy systems. Examples of areas of research include: new high flow solid epoxy resin for powder coating applications with smoother appearance; and new 

waterborne epoxy resins and epoxy hardeners with environmental advantages. 

 Regulatory 

comprees;carpool,flexible,etc EACs - 20ComputerizedTrafficSignals NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasCongestionmitigation-trafficsignal EACs - 20CongestionPricingonLowOccupancyVehicles Impose a fee on vehicles containing two or fewer 

persons that use designated roadways during the peak AM period 

Mobile DC RACM 

Conserveenergyincountyproperty EACs - 20Constructionequipment EACs - 20
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CConstructionequipmentretrofitswithoxidationcatalystsandparticulatefilters 

NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo 

Constructionequipmentuserestrictions Restrict use of construction equipment during 

expected ozone exceedance days 

Non-road DC RACM 

Constructionretrofits Require construction equipment operating on state 

and local contracts to be retrofitted with particulate fitlers and/or oxidation catalysts 

Non-road DC RACM 

Consumer&commercialproducts CT RACM Contractincentivesforlowemissionvehicles EACs - 20ControlandPowerElectronics NOx/VOC Manual adjustment of individual controls on 

individual tower systems is expensive and time consuming. By using computers and electronic components on the systems it becomes possible to manipulate an entire farm in real time. It is expected that systems would also able to adjust to extreme weather conditions independently, thus avoiding catastrophic failures. 

 Regulatory 

ControlExtendedIdlingofBusesandTrucks Step-up enforcement of existing regulations to 

prevent extended vehicle idling 

Mobile DC RACM 

ControlICengines>500HP EACs - 20ControlofGaseousEmissionsfromActiveLandfills VOC Landfill sampling and monitoring requirements + 

Collection system with treatment and control device for VOC 

Stationary EPA Meas

ControlParkingatSchools Restrict high school students from driving to and 

parking at high schools when bus service is available. 

Mobile DC RACM 

ControlsonPowerPlantsOutsideNonattainmentArea Require power plants operating in counties 

adjacent to Washington nonattainment area to install nonattainment area controls 

Stationary DC RACM 

Conv.CoatingofProduct;AcidCleaningBath NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasConvenienceCommercialCentersinResidentialArea Change zoning ordinances to allow neigborhood- Mobile DC RACM 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source Cs serving retail establishments in residential areas ConversiontoAlternativeFueledVehiclesProgram NOx/VOC Tax credits or deductions to for conversion to or 

purchase of alternative fueled vehicles and alternative fuel stations 

Mobile EPA Meas

Convertoffroaddieselequipmenttozeroemission,e.g.,electrification,battery,solar,orfuelcell 

NOx Offroad SAQMD C

Convertoffroaddieselequipmenttozeroemission,e.g.,electrification,battery,solar,orfuelcell 

VOC Offroad SAQMD C

Converttouseoflow-sulfurgasoline EACs - 20Coolcitiesprogram EACs - 20Copperindiumdiselenide(CIS) NOx/VOC A solar film on which research effort is focused due 

to its ability to withstand outdoor exposure without significant deterioration. This film also appears easier to produce and gain efficiencies than alternatives. In 1995, a laboratory efficiency rate of 17.1 percent was recorded with 10.2 percent for a production prototype module. 

 Regulatory 

CRT(R)Filter PM Mobile NEET DatCrystallineSilicon NOx/VOC Silicon crystals were the first technology explored 

and applied to market devices. Research continues because it is the only technology with demonstrated long term reliability, competitive cost, and high efficiency. Newer cells have demonstrated a 24% efficiency rating. Commercial production modules are expected with an efficiency of 14%. 

 Regulatory 

CTNOx“RACT”Regulation NOx Stationary CT Memo CutbackAsphalt VOC VOC content limit Stationary EPA MeasCutbackAsphalt VOC Switch to emulsified asphalts Stationary EPA MeasCutbackAsphalt EACs - 20
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CCutbackAsphalt:IncreasedRuleEffectiveness VOC Stationary CT Memo DecliningCapRule VOC Cap and Trade program with an allowable 

emissions cap for major VOC sources set below a baseline. Emission allotments for each cap can be sold and traded for emission reductions below the assigned cap. 

Stationary EPA Meas

Degreasing VOC Alternative cleaners or cleaning processes. Stationary EPA MeasDelay/reschedulelandscaping EACs - 20DemonstrationoftheUseofFastChargedElectricGroundSupportEquipmentasaMeansofReducingAirportEmissions 

NOx/PM Fugitive emission controls Stationary NEET Dat

Developandfundaprogramforneighborhoodelectricvehicles 

NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

Developastationcar/lowemissionvehicleshareprogram 

NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

DiaphragmSensors(FiberOptics)26 Regulatory DieselandGasolineTrucksandBusesRetrofitwith3-waycatalystsongasolineburningheavydutytrucksthatcurrentlyhave2-waycatalystsornocatalysts 

NOx Mobile SAQMD C

DirectInjection(DI)DieselV66 VOC Targeted for the executive car, minivan, 

multipurpose, and sport utility market, cost effective features include electronic rotary fuel injection, fixed-geometry inlet prot, conventional wastegated turbocharger, cooled EGR, with advanced control algorithms, and an oxidation catalyst. As with the CIDI engine, the V6 DI engine will benefit from current DI engine research of light weight engines and parts and emission control technologies. 

 Regulatory 

DiscountMulti-TripBusFares Introduce discount programs reducing cost of 

multiple bus rides through purchase of pass books 

Mobile DC RACM 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

(e.g. 10-trip tickets) 

Distributedgenerators--R.C.S.A.section22a-174-42 NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo Downtownshuttles;rapidtransitbus EACs - 20Drive-throughfacilitiesonozone EACs - 20drivingtoschool EACs - 20DryCleaning-Perchloroethylene VOC MACT (condensers/adsorbers) Stationary EPA MeasDrycleaning-petroleum VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasDual-curephotocatalysttechnology12 VOC Low-solvent, low-VOC coatings are being 

developed that use photocatalysts to react with the coating material and accelerate the curing process. These photocatalysts allow the coatings to cure from liquids to solids quickly under UV or visible light. A family of such photocatalysts is being developed and tested. Major uses include tape adhesives and protective topcoats for aircraft. Development of solventless backing saturants for electrical tape backings has essentially been completed. Optimal dual cure resin formulations have been identified and utilized in preparing complete tape constructions. 

 Regulatory 

Dual-curephotocatalysttechnology4 VOC Dual-cure photocatalyst technology is being 

researched for a variety of coating and adhesive uses, such as aerospace topcoats, aerospace primers, and solventless manufacture of tape backings. Significant progress has been made in improving the performance of the urethane/acrylate formulation being used for the aerospace topcoat application. Technical challenges have continued 

with the aerospace primer formulation. 

 Regulatory 

Dualfueldiesel/LNGpower NOx Diesel 

locomotives 

Regulatory 

EarlyBusEngineReplacement Replaces high-polluting diesel engines in Mobile DC RACM 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

WMATA buses with new diesel engines 

EastmanAQ1350polymer2 VOC A new water-dispersible hot-melt adhesive raw 

material, which can form the basis for use in a variety of applications including nonwoven products such as disposable diapers, packaging, bookbinding and labels. Products containing the water-dispersible adhesive are more easily repulped or recycled. 

 Regulatory 

EB-curableepoxyresinsforcomposites9 VOC Major advancement in the formulation of epoxy 

resin systems capable of being cured (cross-linked) by ionizing radiation. This development could be the link in making polymer matrix composites and adhesives a cost-effective system for manufacturing a broad range of products in both high-tech and high-volume commercial applications. Further optimization of these resin systems is currently being performed for specific aircraft, aerospace, and defense applications. Substantially reduced manufacturing costs (25-65% less expensive) and curing times; and improvements in part quality and performance. 

 Regulatory 

ECMBfundedenergyefficiencyandrenewableenergymeasures 

NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo 

EDV®WetScrubbingSystem NOx/PM Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatEK35® PM Fugitive emission controls Stationary NEET DatElectrical/electroniccoating VOC SCAQMD Rule Stationary EPA MeasElectrical/electroniccoating VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasElectricforklifts-county EACs - 20Electricnewforkliftpurchasesandforkliftrentals NOx Offroad SAQMD CElectricnewforkliftpurchasesandforkliftrentals VOC Offroad SAQMD CElectrificationandsingleenginetaxiing NOx Offroad SAQMD C
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CElectrificationorUseofAlternateFuelsinAirportServiceEquipment 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

ElectronBeam(EB)curing8 VOC EB curing with existing technology has already 

been shown to dramatically reduce or eliminate solvent emissions in wood finishing. Currently, new advances in EB equipment and processes are 

being developed, including a new, lower-energy EB system and a new transport system for the EB treatment of powders. EB processes result in improved product performance and higher productivity, but require different curing equipment, and in some cases, application may be more difficult. 

 Regulatory 

ElectronicFuelInjectionforCNG,LNG,LPG,Hydrogen 

NOx/VOC Mobile NEET Dat

EliminateTimedParking NOx Landuse SAQMD CEliminatevehiceemissioncontrol EACs - 20Emission-basedparkingfees NOx Landuse SAQMD CEmission-basedregistrationfees NOx Landuse SAQMD CEmissionsfromDecontaminationofSoil VOC Approved VOC mitigation plan + Monitor for 

VOC contamination 

Stationary EPA Meas

EmissionsfromPetroleumStorageTanks Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1178: Further Reductions 

of VOC Emissions from Storage Tanks at Petroleum Facilities 

Area DC RACM 

EmployeeCommuteOptions NOx/VOC In areas not already required to implement an ECO 

program, evaluate the potential emission reductions to be achieved by implementing such a program and consider its implementation to achieve additional reductions and stabilize mobile source emissions. 

Mobile EPA Meas

EmployerMetroShuttleBusServices Provide incentives for businesses to provide 

employee shuttle service to the nearest rail or 

Mobile DC RACM 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

transit stop 

EmployerOutreach(PrivateSector) Provide regional outreach to encourage large 

private-sector employers to voluntarily implement alternative commute strategies to reduce vehicle trips to work sites 

Mobile DC RACM 

EmployerOutreach(PublicSector) Provide regional outreach to encourage publicsector employers to voluntarily implement 

alternative commute strategies to reduce vehicle trips to work sites 

Mobile DC RACM 

EmptytheERCbank VOC MA StrategEmulsifiedAsphalt VOC VOC content limit Stationary EPA MeasEncourage55duringpeakozone EACs - 20Energizer-reducevehiclefleet;90%offorkliftsbattery EACs - 20Energyconservation-33citybuildings EACs - 20Energyconservationatcobldgs EACs - 20Energyconservationplan EACs - 20Energyefficientbuildings EACs - 20Energyefficientpublicbuildings EACs - 20Energyefficienyprograms EACs - 20Energyreduction-LNB;waterbasedpaints EACs - 20EngineTestFacilities VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasEnhancedRuleComplianceatExistingStationarySources 

NOx Step up enforcement of and compliance with 

existing rules for emissions control by stationary sources 

Stationary DC RACM 

EnhancedRuleEffectiveness CT RACM Enhancerealtimetrafficinformationtoallowdriverstomakebetterdecisionsaboutwhenandwheretotravel 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CEnsureemissionreductionsinSEPs, EACs - 20EnviroKleen® PM Adhesives and sealants Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

EOLYSSystem33 PM Combines the use of a particulate trap with the 

action of the catalytic additive to ensure that particulates are destroyed during combustion. 

 Regulatory 

EPANOxSIPcall CT RACM EpichlorohydrinElastomersProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr1/pr1pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

EpoxyResinsProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr2/pr2pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

EquipmentleaksforVOCinthesyntheticorganicchemicalmanufacturingindustry 

VOC Monitoring and repair Stationary EPA Meas

EquipmentleaksofVOCfromonshorenaturalgasprocessingplants VOC Inspection and repair Stationary EPA MeasEquipmentleaksofVOCinpetroleumrefineries VOC Inspection and repair Stationary EPA MeasEstablishaHeavy-DutySmogCheckProgram NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

Establishcleanairlabeling,energyconservationandpubliceducationprograms 

NOx Offroad SAQMD C

EstablishCleanFleetRequirementsforpublicfleets NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

Ethanolalternativefuelvehicles EACs - 20EthyleneProcesses VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasEthylene-PropyleneRubberProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr1/pr1pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

ExhaustGasRecirculation27 NOx This specific technology makes EGR more 

effective by ensuring EGR is applied at the high loads heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDEs) often run 

at, and providing an acceptable air flow to ensure 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

the fuel is being burnt efficiently. Continuing work includes assessments of EGR on engine durability, particulate emissions improvements, and transient engine performance. 

ExplosivesProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasExtendenergyefficiencyrequirements EACs - 20ExtendRampMetering Install signals to control flow of vehicles at 

selected freeway ramp entrances to maintain level of service 

Mobile DC RACM 

FabricCoating VOC Incineration Stationary EPA MeasFederalMotorVehicleControlprogram CT RACM FederalNon-roadGasolineEngines CT RACM FederalNon-roadHeavyDutydieselengines CT RACM FerroalloysProduction:SilicomanganeseandFerroManganese 

VOC National emission standards for hazardous air 

pollutants (NESHAP) for production of ferroalloys 

Stationary EPA Meas

FiberglassManufacturing;TextileTypeFiber;RecupFurnaces NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasFlares VOC Fugitive emission controls Stationary NEET DatFlexiblePolyurethaneFoamFabricationOperations VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasFlexiblePolyurethaneFoamProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/foam/foampg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

FlexibleVinylandUrethaneCoatingandPrinting VOC Low solvent coatings or Incineration Stationary EPA MeasFluidCatalyticCrackingUnits;CrackingUnit NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasFoam-controlagents11 VOC More sophisticated foam-control agents are being 

developed and used as formulators move from solvent-based to waterborne coating systems. Foam is a common problem in waterborne systems, and it can adversely affect the coating's appearance and durability. Prudent use of foam control agents can minimize or eliminate the adverse effects of 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

foam without impacting other surface properties. 

Formregionalstakeholdersgroup EACs - 20FuelCellTechnologies7 NOx/VOC Development and demonstration of fuel cell 

technologies for on- and off-road mobile sources to improve the commercial viability of fuel cells, including improvements in power density, fuel storage, reformer efficiency, system integration, and cost reduction. This program is expected to result in several projects that would support promising fuel cell technologies for on- and offroad vehicles. Fuel cell technologies that will be considered include proton exchange membrane, solid oxide, direct methanol, phosphoric acid, and molten carbonate. Mobile source applications that will be considered in this category include light-, medium-, and heavy-duty on-road vehicles, locomotives, ships, utility vehicles, neighborhood electric vehicles, and other off-road equipment applications. Peripheral technologies involving fuel infrastructure, on-board fuel storage, and hydrogen reforming shall be included if they have potential to advance the commercial viability of fuel cell applications. 

 Regulatory 

FuelCellVehicle8 NOx/VOC Chrysler is teaming with Delphi Energy and Engine 

Management Systems to build within two years a “proof of concept” fuel cell vehicle that runs on 

gasoline. The technology will be a five-step process to refine gasoline on-board a vehicle. This could improve fuel efficiency by 50 percent, provide up to 400 miles range, be at least 90 percent cleaner, and cost no more than a current mid-size car. 

 Regulatory 

FuelFiredEquipment;ProcessHeaters,PropaneGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasFugitiveEmissions:Oil&GasProductionFacilities& VOC Identify all major & critical equipment + I & M Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CConveyingStations Program Galliumarsenide NOx/VOC It is possible to increase any solar cell’s efficiency 

by focusing a more direct source of solar energy on it. In application, cells need to withstand extreme conditions in order to see an efficiency increase. This alloy demonstrated an efficiency of 28 percent under concentrated sunlight. 

 Regulatory 

Garbagetruckregulation PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo GasChromatograph VOC Ambient Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatGascollectionsystem-solidwastelandfill EACs - 20Gaseous-andLiquidFueledInternalCombustionEngines VOC VOC and NOx emission limits for stationary and portable engines Stationary EPA MeasGasfiredWaterHeaters,SmallBoilers,andProcessHeaters(Dec2002) 

 TX SIP - 2

GasolineDistribution(Stage1) VOC Improved seals on storage tanks and performing 

leak detection and repair of vapor and liquid leaks from equipment used to transfer gasoline Vapor processors are to collect and treat or recover vapors displaced during cargo tank loading operations. 

Stationary EPA Meas

GasolineLoadingRacks:IncreasedRuleEffectiveness 

VOC Stationary CT Memo 

GasProductionandfromPetroleumProduction VOC Industrial 

Process 

SAQMD C

GasTaxIncrease Increase state and local gas taxes to add 10% to 

purchase price of gasoline. Use proceeds to fund regional transit operations. 

Mobile DC RACM 

GasTurbines NOx Detailed equations 40 CFR 60.332 Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines NOx Limits for turbines burning natural gas at 25-42 

ppm and as low as 9-15 ppm.+ limits for turbines 

burning distillate oil at 65 ppm or below, and as 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

low as 25-42 ppm.. 

GasTurbines NOx Turbines >25 MW: Wet injection + SCR - 9 ppm 

(0.04 lb/mm Btu & 8-25 MW: Low NOx combustion - 42 ppm 

Stationary EPA Meas

GasTurbines-JetFuel NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-JetFuel NOx Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-NaturalGas NOx Steam Injection Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-NaturalGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction + Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-NaturalGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction + Steam Injection Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-NaturalGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-NaturalGas NOx Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-Oil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasGasTurbines-Oil NOx Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasGearbox NOx/VOC The turbine blades’ rotation causes wear on a 

system’s gearbox. By using improved gearboxes, it is possible to lower total system cost (gearboxes are approximately 20 percent of total system cost). If 

as projected, infinitely variable speed tower systems become available, then it would no longer be necessary to maintain a gearbox in a tower system. Improved design and use of composite materials will reduce system cost by increasing the system’s life span. 

 Regulatory 

Glass NOx Pressed / blown - LNB 13 lb/ton & Container - 

LNB 6 lb/ton & Flat - SNCR 9.5 lb.ton 

Stationary EPA Meas

GlassForming VOC Silicon-water emulsions replacement for 

petroleum-based lubricants 

Stationary EPA Meas

GlassFurnaces NOx Combustion modifications, process changes and 

post-combustion controls (SNCR) + RACT limits 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

of 5.3-5.5 lbs NOx/ton of glass removed with limits as low as 4.0 lb NOx/ton of glass removed + coordinate installation of controls with routine furnace rebuilds 

GlassMeltingFurnaces NOx NOx emission limit + Continuous NOx monitoring 

from unit + Alternative Emission Control Plan 

Stationary EPA Meas

GraphicArts VOC VOC content of graphic art materials + VOC 

content limit for fountain solutions + Emission control system for non-compliant materials + Solvent cleaning and storage and disposal of VOCcontaining materials comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

GraphicArtsRotogravurereandFlexographicPrinting VOC Permanent total enclosures, where possible + VOC limits for inks + low-solvent clean-up solutions Stationary EPA MeasHazardousOrganicNESHAP(CoveringManufactureOfSeveralOrganicCompounds) 

VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/hon/honpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Heavy-DutyDieselEngineStandards--R.C.S.A.section22a-174-36a 

NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo 

heavydutydieselstrategies EACs - 20Heavy-DutyDieselVehicleControlsandFuels VOC Mobile CT Memo HeavyDutyDieselVehicles:FuelAdditivesToReduceEmissions 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

HeavyDutyDieselVehicles:IntermodalFreightEfficiency NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHeavyDutyDieselVehicles:PreventiveMaintenance/RebuildRequirementsatSpecificMileage 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

Heavy-DutyDieselVehicles:ReduceTruckIdling NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHeavyDutyDieselVehicles:RequireLowSulfurDieselFuelEarlierThanEPAMayRequire 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CHeavyDutyDieselVehicles:RequireUseOfOxydieselFuel NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHeavyDutyDieselVehicles:Upgrading/RetrofitEquipment NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHeavy-DutyEngineECMRecalibration NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

HeavyTransitRail NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHighAirFlowBio-airVENT VOC Process vent gas treatment Stationary NEET DatHighcetanedieselfuelforonroadvehicles Require onroad diesel vehicles to use high cetane 

fuel 

Mobile DC RACM 

Highsolidsaliphaticpolyurethanecoatings16 VOC Three novel approaches to high solids aliphatic 

polyurethane coatings have been developed: a 100% solids, VOC free, instant setting, aliphatic polyurethane coating system; a high solids mixand-apply aliphatic polyurethane coating system; 

and a high solids single component aliphatic polyurethane coating system. 

 Regulatory 

HighwayPaints VOC VOC content limits Stationary EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-Gasoline NOx/VOC Transportation Control Package Mobile EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-Gasoline NOx/VOC Federal Reformulated Gasoline Mobile EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-LDGasoline NOx/VOC High Enhanced I/M Mobile EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-LDGasoline NOx/VOC Fleet ILEV Mobile EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-LDGasTrucks NOx/VOC Tier 2 Standards Mobile EPA MeasHomeheatingoilsulfurreductions PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo Hotmeltspraytool1 VOC A newly-redesigned, solvent-free, hot melt spray 

tool is under to development to reduce VOC emissions. Further details not available. 

 Regulatory 

HOVlanes-I-24,40 EACs - 20HRVOCWebpage(Dec2004) TX SIP - 2
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CHybridvehicles EACs - 20HydrazineProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasHyperimmobilizingAbsorbentDeactivatingPowder VOC Manufacturing (general) Pollution Prevention NEET DatHazardousOrganicNESHAP(CoveringManufactureOfSeveralOrganicCompounds) 

VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/hon/honpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Heavy-DutyDieselEngineStandards--R.C.S.A.section22a-174-36a 

NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo 

heavydutydieselstrategies EACs - 20Heavy-DutyDieselVehicleControlsandFuels VOC Mobile CT Memo HeavyDutyDieselVehicles:FuelAdditivesToReduceEmissions 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

HeavyDutyDieselVehicles:IntermodalFreightEfficiency NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHeavyDutyDieselVehicles:PreventiveMaintenance/RebuildRequirementsatSpecificMileage 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

Heavy-DutyDieselVehicles:ReduceTruckIdling NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHeavyDutyDieselVehicles:RequireLowSulfurDieselFuelEarlierThanEPAMayRequire 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

HeavyDutyDieselVehicles:RequireUseOfOxydieselFuel NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHeavyDutyDieselVehicles:Upgrading/RetrofitEquipment NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasHeavy-DutyEngineECMRecalibration NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

HeavyTransitRail NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CHighAirFlowBio-airVENT VOC Process vent gas treatment Stationary NEET DatHighcetanedieselfuelforonroadvehicles Require onroad diesel vehicles to use high cetane 

fuel 

Mobile DC RACM 

Highsolidsaliphaticpolyurethanecoatings16 VOC Three novel approaches to high solids aliphatic 

polyurethane coatings have been developed: a 100% solids, VOC free, instant setting, aliphatic polyurethane coating system; a high solids mixand-apply aliphatic polyurethane coating system; 

and a high solids single component aliphatic polyurethane coating system. 

 Regulatory 

HighwayPaints VOC VOC content limits Stationary EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-Gasoline NOx/VOC Transportation Control Package Mobile EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-Gasoline NOx/VOC Federal Reformulated Gasoline Mobile EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-LDGasoline NOx/VOC High Enhanced I/M Mobile EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-LDGasoline NOx/VOC Fleet ILEV Mobile EPA MeasHighwayVehicles-LDGasTrucks NOx/VOC Tier 2 Standards Mobile EPA MeasHomeheatingoilsulfurreductions PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo Hotmeltspraytool1 VOC A newly-redesigned, solvent-free, hot melt spray 

tool is under to development to reduce VOC emissions. Further details not available. 

 Regulatory 

HOVlanes-I-24,40 EACs - 20HRVOCWebpage(Dec2004) TX SIP - 2Hybridvehicles EACs - 20HydrazineProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasHyper immobilizingAbsorbentDeactivatingPowder VOC Manufacturing (general) Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

I/Mforheavy-dutydieselvehicles PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo ICEngines NOx Lean burn - LEC 2 gm/bhp-hr & Rich Burn - 

SNCR 2 gm/bhp-hr & Diesel -SCR 2 gm/bhp-hr 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CICEngines-Gas,Diesel,LPG NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICEngines-Gas,Diesel,LPG NOx Ignition Retard Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Cyclone NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Cyclone NOx Natural Gas Reburn Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Cyclone NOx Coal Reburn Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Cyclone NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/FBC NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Stoker NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Wall NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Wall NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Wall NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coke NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coke NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coke NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-DistillateOil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-DistillateOil NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LiquidWaste NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LiquidWaste NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LiquidWaste NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LiquidWaste NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LPG NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LPG NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LPG NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CICIBoilers-LPG NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-MSW/Stoker NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Oxygen Trim + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ProcessGas NOx Oxygen Trim + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ProcessGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ProcessGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ProcessGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ResidualOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ResidualOil NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ResidualOil NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ResidualOil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Wood/Bark/Stoker NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Stationary EPA MeasI/Mforheavy-dutydieselvehicles PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo ICEngines NOx Lean burn - LEC 2 gm/bhp-hr & Rich Burn - 

SNCR 2 gm/bhp-hr & Diesel -SCR 2 gm/bhp-hr 

Stationary EPA Meas

ICEngines-Gas,Diesel,LPG NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICEngines-Gas,Diesel,LPG NOx Ignition Retard Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Cyclone NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Cyclone NOx Natural Gas Reburn Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Cyclone NOx Coal Reburn Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Cyclone NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/FBC NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CICIBoilers-Coal/Stoker NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Wall NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Wall NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coal/Wall NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coke NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coke NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Coke NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-DistillateOil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-DistillateOil NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LiquidWaste NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LiquidWaste NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LiquidWaste NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LiquidWaste NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LPG NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LPG NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LPG NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-LPG NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-MSW/Stoker NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Oxygen Trim + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CICIBoilers-ProcessGas NOx Oxygen Trim + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ProcessGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ProcessGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ProcessGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ResidualOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ResidualOil NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ResidualOil NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-ResidualOil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasICIBoilers-Wood/Bark/Stoker NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Stationary EPA MeasIdlingrestriction-heavy-dutydiesel EACs - 20Idlingrestrictionsforconstructionequipment Limit idling by construction equipment Non-road DC RACM Idlingrestrictionsforlawn&gardenequipment Limit idling by commercial lawn & garden 

equipment 

Non-road DC RACM 

Implementaprogramtoreplacecatalystsinlightdutyvehiclesandtrucks,includingSUVs 

NOx On-Road 

Mobile Light Duty Vehicle Technology Control Measures 

SAQMD C

ImplementNOxRACTBeyondNonattainmentArea Take credit for reductions due to implementation 

of NOx RACT rules beyond nonattainment area 

Area DC RACM 

ImplementOTCBeyondNonattainmentArea Take credit for reductions due to implementation 

of OTC measures beyond nonattainment area 

Area DC RACM 

Implementregistrationandinspectionprogramforheavy-duty(>50hp)off-roaddieselengines 

NOx Offroad SAQMD C

Implementregistrationandinspectionprogramforheavy-duty(>50hp)off-roaddieselengines 

VOC Offroad SAQMD C

Implementsteps-purchasealternative EACs - 20
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CImplementtollboothsandpay-to-driveroads NOx Landuse SAQMD CImplementtrafficcalmingmeasurestoreducevehiclespeedandencouragebicycleandpedestrianactivity 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

ImplementVOCRACTBeyondNonattainmentArea Take credit for reductions due to implementation 

of VOC RACT rules beyond nonattainment area 

Area DC RACM 

ImprovedAirfoilMaterials NOx/VOC Utilization of wind power necessitates a device 

(airfoil) which will capture wind energy. By using newer materials and changing the number of blades, improved energy generation and lower costs may be achieved. Improved airfoil design using composite materials (fiberglass, wood/epoxy) and fewer blades (2-3) will reduce system cost while increasing energy conversions/efficiencies. 

 Regulatory 

Incidentmgt/Intelltrans.System EACs - 20Includefuelefficiency/emission EACs - 20IncludeNOxscreeningintheHeavyDutyVehicleInspectionProgram NOx On-Road Mobile SAQMD CIncreasedcompliancewiththeantiidlingrestriction;schoolbusandtruckstopsignage;stateandlocalpoliceenforcement 

PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo 

Increasesthepriceofgasolinetopayfordamagesofpollution,costofglobalwarming(greenhousegases),andcostofpetroleumdependency 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

IncreaseVehicleRegistrationFeeandTrafficandParkingViolationFines 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

Industrial,InstitutionalandCommercialBoilers,SteamGenerators,andProcessHeaters 

NOx NOx emission limit, methods to meet the limit is 

not specified 

Stationary EPA Meas

IndustrialandCommercialBoilers NOx Limits for boilers larger than 100 mmBtu/hr at 

levels of 0.t 5 lb/mmBtu or below for coal and 0.05 lb/mmBtu for oil and gas + limits for mid-size boilers between 50-100 mmBtu/hr at 0.10 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

lb/mmBtu for gas, 0.12 lb/mmBtu for distillate oil and 0.30 lb/mmBtu for residual oil, 0.38 lb/mmBtu for coal + boilers smaller than 50 mmBtu/hr make annual "tune-ups" to minimize excess air 

IndustrialBoilers VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialCoalCombustion NOx RACT to 50 tpy (Low NOx Burners) Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialCoalCombustion NOx RACT to 25 tidy (Low NOx Burners) Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialequipmentretrofits Require industrial equipment to be retrofitted with 

emissions controls 

Non-road DC RACM 

IndustrialIncinerators NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialmaintenancecoating VOC AIM Coating Federal Rule Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialmaintenancecoating VOC South Coast Phase II Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialmaintenancecoating VOC South Coast Phase I Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialmaintenancecoating VOC South Coast Phase III Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialNaturalGasCombustion NOx RACT to 25 tpy (Low NOx Burners) Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialNaturalGasCombustion NOx RACT to 50 tpy (Low NOx Burners) Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialOilCombustion NOx RACT to 25 tpy (Low NOx Burners) Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialOilCombustion NOx RACT to 50 tpy (Low NOx Burners) Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialProcessCoolingTowers VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/mactfnl.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Industrialsurfacecoating:Largeappliances VOC Low solvent coatings Stationary EPA MeasIndustrialsurfacecoating:surfacecoatingofplasticpartsforbusinessmachines 

VOC Low VOC coatings Stationary EPA Meas

IndustrialWastewaterTreatment VOC Wastewater stream enclosed to point of treatment 

+ require 95-percent control of volatiles + regulations on wastewater streams with lower VOC concentration than those identified in EPA's Control Techniques Guideline (CTG) 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CIndustrialWastewaterTreatment/PubliclyOwnedTreatmentWorks 

NOx/VOC Area CT Memo 

Injector/IntensifierSystem24 NOx This system is designed to reduce NOx emissions 

from heavy-duty diesel vehicles through a new natural gas fuel injector system. The natural gas injector system will be fabricated installed and certified. 

 Regulatory 

In-Process;BituminousCoal;CementKiln NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea based Stationary EPA MeasIn-Process;BituminousCoal;LimeKiln NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea based Stationary EPA MeasIn-Process;ProcessGas;CokeOven/BlastFurnaces NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasIn-Process;ProcessGas;CokeOvenGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasIn-ProcessFuelUse;BituminousCoal;General NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasIn-ProcessFuelUse;NaturalGas;General NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasIn-ProcessFuelUse;ResidualOil;General NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasInstallpassivegasvents-landfill EACs - 20InstallRemoteSensingtoIdentifyHighEmittingVehicles NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasInstitutional/CommercialBoilers VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasIntegratedIronandSteelManufacture VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasIntellidyneFuelEconomizer NOx/VOC Other Stationary NEET DatInternalCombustionEngines-Gas NOx Ignition Retard Stationary EPA MeasInternalCombustionEngines-Gas NOx Air-to-Fuel Ratio Stationary EPA MeasInternalCombustionEngines-Gas NOx Air-to-Fuel Ratio + Ignition Retard Stationary EPA MeasInternalCombustionEngines-Gas NOx L-E (Medium Speed) Stationary EPA MeasInternalCombustionEngines-Gas NOx L-E (Low Speed) Stationary EPA MeasInternalCombustionEngines-Gas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasInternalCombustionEngines-Oil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CInternalCombustionEngines-Oil NOx Ignition Retard Stationary EPA MeasIntroducelowNOxenginesearly NOx M3 On-road 

heavy duty diesel 

Regulatory 

Iron&SteelMills-Annealing NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Annealing NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Annealing NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Annealing NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Non-Catalytic 

Reduction 

Stationary EPA Meas

Iron&SteelMills-Annealing NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Annealing NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Galvanizing NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Galvanizing NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Reheating NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Reheating NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasIron&SteelMills-Reheating NOx LEA Stationary EPA MeasIronandStealIndustry/SinterPlants VOC Deoiling control limit on oil and grease for mill 

scale. 

Stationary EPA Meas

IronandSteelFoundries VOC SCAQMD's rule for combustion gas limiting the 

discharge of carbon monoxide 

Stationary EPA Meas

IronandSteelMills NOx Low NOx burners and FGR for reheat furnaces + 

SCR and low NOx burners for annealing furnaces + low NOx burners and FGR for galvanizing furnaces 

Stationary EPA Meas

IronFoundries VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasIronProduction;BlastFurnace;BlastHeatingStoves NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasKraftPulpMills NOx Industrial boilers regulated same as Industrial and 

Commercial Boilers + SNCR for recovery boilers + lime kilns regulated same as Cement Kilns 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CLABSORB(tm)RegenerativeSO2scrubbing PM Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatLandDevevelopmentCode/Tree EACs - 20LandfillGases VOC New Source Performance Standard + lower size 

cutoff based on area's major source definition + regulating landfills with more than 500,000 tons in place. 

Stationary EPA Meas

Landscape/treeordinances EACs - 20Landscapeordinance-noresid EACs - 20LargeAppliance(SurfaceCoating) VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasLargeWaterHeatersandSmallBoilers NOx NOx emission limit + Compliance Certification 

Program for equipment manufacturers + Retrofit Compliance Certification Program 

Stationary EPA Meas

LaserRemoteSensing NOx Real-time monitoring/information display Models and 

Environmental Software 

NEET Dat

LaserRemoteSensing NOx Ambient modeling/simulation Models and 

Environmental Software 

NEET Dat

LasIR NOx Emissions Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatLawn&gardenequipmen: EACs - 20Lawnandgardenequipmentbuybackandscrappageprograms 

NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo 

LawnMowerandGardenReplacementProgram NOx/VOC Voluntary program to replace gasoline powered 

lawn and garden equipment with electric powered equipment 

Mobile EPA Meas

LeanBurnCatalysts31 NOx Major challenges in this project are the 

development of a catalyst with the three following attributes: 1) Sufficient and selective lean NOx activity; 2) Robustness, particularly hydrothermal 

durability; and 3) economically practical. 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

Development of a lean burn catalyst is critical for the commercialization of the lean burn engine. 

LeatherTanningandFinishingOperations VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Based Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - NH3Based Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Mid-Kiln Firing Stationary EPA MeasLimitingpleasurecraft/vehicleuseabove100F VOC Offroad SAQMD CLNGCombustionTechnologyforLocomotives23 NOx/VOC Develop and demonstrate, via the GasRail USA 

program, LNG combustion technology for locomotives capable of reducing NOx emissions by 75% or more compared to conventional diesel technology. In partnership with Southwest Research Institute, the project would optimize a newly developed combustion technology in a multicylinder locomotive engine. This will be followed by integration of the combustion system into one or more Metrolink passenger locomotives for operation in the SCAQMD Basin. 

 Regulatory 

LongerTermEngineRetrofitorAftertreatment NOx Offroad SAQMD CLoTOx(tm)Technology NOx Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatLowEmission,AlternativeFuelTechnologiesforOnRoadApplications21 NOx/VOC Development and demonstration of low-emission, alternative fuel technologies for light-, medium-, 

and heavy-duty mobile sources. Alternative clean fuels that will be considered include, but are not necessarily limited to, natural gas, propane, methanol, ethanol, hydrogen, and Hythane. In addition, reformulated gasoline and diesel fuels have been developed that produce lower emissions. When used in conjunction with advanced emission controls, additives, and new engine technologies, 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

these appear to have promise to meet some CARB LEV standards. 

Low-EmissionAsphalt Adopt SCAQMD Rules 1108: Cutback Asphalt 

(less than 0.5% VOC evaporating at 260F) and 1108.1: Emulsified Asphalt (less than 3% VOC evaporating at 260F) 

Area DC RACM 

Lowemissiondieselforfleets EACs - 20Low-EmissionFurnaces Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1111: NOx Emissions from 

Natural Gas Fired, Fan-Type Central Furnaces (no more than 40 nanograms of NOx per joule of useful heat) 

Area DC RACM 

Low-emissionsagriculturalequipment Require sale of low-emissions agricultural 

equipment in region 

Non-road DC RACM 

Low-emissionsconstructionequipment Require sale of low-emissions construction 

equipment in region 

Non-road DC RACM 

Low-EmissionWaterHeaters Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1121: Control of NOx from 

Residential Type Natural Gas Fired Water Heaters 

Area DC RACM 

Loweremissionstandardsforgasolinetrucks NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

Lowerspeedlimit-55fortrucksduring EACs - 20Low-NOxDieselFuel(On-Road) Require regional use of low-NOx fuel for on-road 

diesel vehicles 

Mobile DC RACM 

lowNOxlimitsforboilers/heatersintheheatinputrang

eof75,000to2,000,000Btu/hr 

NOx Stationary SAQMD C

LowReidVaporPressureGas EACs - 20LowSfuels-asap EACs - 20Low-SulfurFuelforElectricGeneratingUnits--R.C.S.A.section22a-174-19a 

PM2/5 Stationary CT Memo 

LowSulfurFuelOil(340ppm);80percentReductioninSOxEmissions 

NOx Marine 

(commercial) 

Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CLow-sulfurTypeIIfuelsinallvehicles EACs - 20LowVOCstripingmaterial EACs - 20LABSORB(tm)RegenerativeSO2scrubbing PM Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatLandDevevelopmentCode/Tree EACs - 20LandfillGases VOC New Source Performance Standard + lower size 

cutoff based on area's major source definition + regulating landfills with more than 500,000 tons in place. 

Stationary EPA Meas

Landscape/treeordinances EACs - 20Landscapeordinance-noresid EACs - 20LargeAppliance(SurfaceCoating) VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasLargeWaterHeatersandSmallBoilers NOx NOx emission limit + Compliance Certification 

Program for equipment manufacturers + Retrofit Compliance Certification Program 

Stationary EPA Meas

LaserRemoteSensing NOx Real-time monitoring/information display Models and 

Environmental Software 

NEET Dat

LaserRemoteSensing NOx Ambient modeling/simulation Models and 

Environmental Software 

NEET Dat

LasIR NOx Emissions Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatLawn&gardenequipmen: EACs - 20Lawnandgardenequipmentbuybackandscrappageprograms 

NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo 

LawnMowerandGardenReplacementProgram NOx/VOC Voluntary program to replace gasoline powered 

lawn and garden equipment with electric powered equipment 

Mobile EPA Meas

LeanBurnCatalysts31 NOx Major challenges in this project are the 

development of a catalyst with the three following attributes: 1) Sufficient and selective lean NOx 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

activity; 2) Robustness, particularly hydrothermal durability; and 3) economically practical. Development of a lean burn catalyst is critical for the commercialization of the lean burn engine. 

LeatherTanningandFinishingOperations VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - Urea Based Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction - NH3Based Stationary EPA MeasLimeKilns NOx Mid-Kiln Firing Stationary EPA MeasLimitingpleasurecraft/vehicleuseabove100F VOC Offroad SAQMD CLNGCombustionTechnologyforLocomotives23 NOx/VOC Develop and demonstrate, via the GasRail USA 

program, LNG combustion technology for locomotives capable of reducing NOx emissions by 75% or more compared to conventional diesel technology. In partnership with Southwest Research Institute, the project would optimize a newly developed combustion technology in a multicylinder locomotive engine. This will be followed by integration of the combustion system into one or more Metrolink passenger locomotives for operation in the SCAQMD Basin. 

 Regulatory 

LongerTermEngineRetrofitorAftertreatment NOx Offroad SAQMD CLoTOx(tm)Technology NOx Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatLowEmission,AlternativeFuelTechnologiesforOnRoadApplications21 NOx/VOC Development and demonstration of low-emission, alternative fuel technologies for light-, medium-, 

and heavy-duty mobile sources. Alternative clean fuels that will be considered include, but are not necessarily limited to, natural gas, propane, methanol, ethanol, hydrogen, and Hythane. In addition, reformulated gasoline and diesel fuels have been developed that produce lower emissions. 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

When used in conjunction with advanced emission controls, additives, and new engine technologies, these appear to have promise to meet some CARB LEV standards. 

Low-EmissionAsphalt Adopt SCAQMD Rules 1108: Cutback Asphalt 

(less than 0.5% VOC evaporating at 260F) and 1108.1: Emulsified Asphalt (less than 3% VOC evaporating at 260F) 

Area DC RACM 

Lowemissiondieselforfleets EACs - 20Low-EmissionFurnaces Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1111: NOx Emissions from 

Natural Gas Fired, Fan-Type Central Furnaces (no more than 40 nanograms of NOx per joule of useful heat) 

Area DC RACM 

Low-emissionsagriculturalequipment Require sale of low-emissions agricultural 

equipment in region 

Non-road DC RACM 

Low-emissionsconstructionequipment Require sale of low-emissions construction 

equipment in region 

Non-road DC RACM 

Low-EmissionWaterHeaters Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1121: Control of NOx from 

Residential Type Natural Gas Fired Water Heaters 

Area DC RACM 

Loweremissionstandardsforgasolinetrucks NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

Lowerspeedlimit-55fortrucksduring EACs - 20Low-NOxDieselFuel(On-Road) Require regional use of low-NOx fuel for on-road 

diesel vehicles 

Mobile DC RACM 

lowNOxlimitsforboilers/heatersintheheatinputrang

eof75,000to2,000,000Btu/hr 

NOx Stationary SAQMD C

LowReidVaporPressureGas EACs - 20LowSfuels-asap EACs - 20Low-SulfurFuelforElectricGeneratingUnits--R.C.S.A.section22a-174-19a 

PM2/5 Stationary CT Memo 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CLowSulfurFuelOil(340ppm);80percentReductioninSOxEmissions 

NOx Marine 

(commercial) 

Regulatory 

Low-sulfurTypeIIfuelsinallvehicles EACs - 20LowVOCstripingmaterial EACs - 20Magneticallycontrolleddepositionofmetalsusinggasplasma7 

VOC Methods of spraying materials on a substrate in a 

controlled manner are being researched in an attempt to eliminate the waste inherent in the present process. Thin layers of secondary material 

are plated on substrates either by plating or spraying processes. Plating operations produce large amounts of hazardous liquid waste. Spraying, while one of the less waste intensive methods, produces `over spray' which is waste that is a result of the uncontrolled nature of the spray stream. In many cases the over spray produces a hazardous waste. 

 Regulatory 

MagneticTapes(SurfaceCoating) VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/magtape/magtappg.ht

ml 

Stationary EPA Meas

MagnetWireCoatingOperations VOC VOC content limits for compliant coatings + 

Emission capture and control system for noncompliant coatings + Cleaning operations and solvent storage and disposal comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

Mandatorychipreflashingforheavydutydieseltrucks NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo MandatoryFacilityReductiononSpareAirDays NOx Stationary SAQMD CMandatoryFacilityReductiononSpareAirDays VOC Stationary SAQMD CManufactureOfPaints,Coatings,andAdhesives VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasManufactureofPolymericCellularProducts(Foam) VOC Discontinue use of VOC blowing agents in nonexpandable molding operations + Quantity 

limitations on blowing agents in expandable 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

molding operations 

ManufacturingOfNutritionalYeast VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasManufacturingTechniques NOx/VOC The manufacture of wind tower components is to 

date a labor intensive process (airfoils are traditionally hand laid). Development and use of computerized mass production techniques promises to reduce lay-up times and increase orders. 

 Regulatory 

MarinaGasolineRefueling VOC Stage I and II vapor recovery at marinas that 

dispense more than 10,000 gallons per month. 

Stationary EPA Meas

MarineCoatingOperations VOC VOC content limits for marine coatings + Solvent 

cleaning and storage comply with Rule 1171 + Emission collection and control system for noncompliant coatings 

Stationary EPA Meas

MarineEngines:OperatingRestrictions NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasMarineEngines:Refueling/Fuels NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA MeasMarinesurfacecoating VOC Add-on control levels Stationary EPA MeasMarinesurfacecoating VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasMarineVesselLoadingOperations VOC Sets standards and requires RACT for VOC and 

HAP emissions from new and existing marine tank vessel loading operations Sets NESHAP and requires MACT for existing and new major marine tank vessel loading operations 

Stationary EPA Meas

Mechanical,electric,railroadcoating VOC MACT level of control Stationary EPA MeasMechanical,electric,railroadcoating VOC SCAQMD Limits Stationary EPA MeasMedia/puiblicrelationsprogram EACs - 20MedicalWasteIncinerators NOx 250 ppmv Stationary EPA MeasMedicalWasteIncinerators NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasMedicalWasteIncinerators NOx Controls similar to those for municipal waste 

combustors 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CMedium-DutyCNGEngineConversionKit18 NOx/VOC Support for field demonstration of improved 

software and hardware for a medium-duty CNG 

engine conversion kit to support the existing medium-duty vehicle population. The SCAQMD previously supported field demonstration of the first generation kit in a contract with Thermo Power Corporation. This kit has operated well in the field. However, improvements in performance and fuel economy are needed if the kit is to be commercially viable. Hardware and software modifications to achieve improved performance and fuel economy are currently being developed. The proposed project would support field demonstration of the second generation kit. 

 Regulatory 

MetalCan(SurfaceCoating) VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasMetalcoil&cancoating VOC Incineration Stationary EPA MeasMetalcoil&cancoating VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasMetalcoil&cancoating VOC BAAQMD Rule 11 Amended Stationary EPA MeasMetalCoil(SurfaceCoating) VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasMetalcoilsurfacecoating VOC Incineration Stationary EPA MeasMetalContainer,Closure,andCoilCoatingOperations 

VOC VOC content limits for compliant coatings + 

Emission capture and control system for noncompliant coatings + Cleaning operations and solvent storage and disposal comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

Metalfurniture,appliances,parts VOC SCAQMD Limits Stationary EPA MeasMetalfurniture,appliances,parts VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasMicro-emulsiontechnology15 VOC New microemulsion technology creates an effective 

way to decrease VOC levels up to 50% or more and still maintain effective paint-stripping performance. This solvent technology allows water to be incorporated into hydrocarbon-based paint strippers 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

while making minimal performance sacrifices. 

MiscellaneousMetalPartsandProducts(SurfaceCoating) 

VOC Pending Stationary EPA Meas

Mobilezonesprayboothventilationsystem6 VOC New process design endeavors to reduce the 

volume of air to be treated from spray paint booths, thereby increasing efficiency and improving air pollution abatement (in particular, reducing VOC emissions). Most of the ventilation air is recycled through the booth to maintain laminar flow; the machinery is located on the supply side of the booth rather than on the exhaust side. 60 to 95% reduction in spray booth exhaust rate should result. 

 Regulatory 

MobotecSystem NOx/PM Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatMoleculeQuantumMechanicAirPurification NOx/VOC Other Stationary NEET DatMoltenCarbonateFuelCell(MCFC)4 NOx/VOC The molten carbonate fuel cell uses an electrolyte 

of lithium and potassium carbonates and operates at approximately 650C (1200F). Due to the high temperature involved, noble metal catalysts are not required for the cell electrochemical oxidation and reduction process. 

 Regulatory 

Moreefficienttraffickingsystems EACs - 20MotorVehicleandMobileEquipmentNonAssemblyLineCoatingOperations VOC VOC content limits for compliant coatings + Emission capture and control system for noncompliant coatings + Cleaning operations and 

solvent storage and disposal comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

MotorVehicleAssemblyLineCoatingOperations VOC VOC content limit for compliant coatings + 

Solvent cleaning and storage comply with Rule 1171 + Emission capture and control system for non-compliant coatings 

Stationary EPA Meas

Motorvehiclecoating VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasMotorvehiclecoating VOC Incineration Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CMulti-junctioncells(galliumarsenideandIIIValloys) NOx/VOC It is possible to increase any solar cell’s efficiency by focusing a more direct source of solar energy on 

it. In application, cells need to withstand extreme conditions in order to see an efficiency increase. This alloy demonstrated an efficiency in excess of 30 percent under concentrated sunlight. The expectation is to exceed 32 percent efficiency. 

 Regulatory 

Municipalsolidwastelandfill VOC RCRA standards Stationary EPA MeasMunicipalWasteCombustorControls NOx Stationary CT Memo MunicipalWasteCombustors NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasMunicipalWasteCombustors NOx EPA's regulation for large, existing MWCs 

emitting more than 250 tons/day + more stringent limits (e.g., 30-50 ppmv) or shorter averaging periods (e.g., 8-hr average). 

Stationary EPA Meas

MunicipalWasteCombustors(Beganoperationbetween12/20/89and9/20/94) 

NOx 180 ppm at 7% oxygen Stationary EPA Meas

Natural-Gas-Fired,Fan-TypeCentralFurnaces NOx NOx emission limit Stationary EPA MeasNaturalGasFuelSpecifications NOx Area SAQMD CNaturalgasprocessingplantreduceNoxandVOCemissionsby90% EACs - 20NaturalGasProduction;Compressors NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasNaturalGasTransmissionandStorage VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasNeopreneProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr1/pr1pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Newinfrastructure-rideshareprogram EACs - 20Newlatexpolymerapplicationmethod5 VOC New latex polymer application method eliminates 

the acetate rinse-out and the resultant solventcontaminated water waste stream and distillation air emissions. 

 Regulatory 

Newphotoinitiatorsystems25 VOC Ciba is working on advanced photoinitiator systems Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

that enable paints and coatings to dry rapidly without the need for heating or the release of solvents into the atmosphere. Key future research is targeting extending the range of photoinitiators for paints and coatings. 

NewUV-curetechnologyapplications7 VOC New UV-cure applications are being developed for 

use in the automotive industry. These applications include coatings for metal and plastics, interior and exterior applications, adhesives, and gasketing. 

 Regulatory 

Newvehiclespowered NOx M4 On-road 

heavy duty diesel 

Regulatory 

Nitric/adipicacids NOx Nitric acid - 2.3 lb/ton extended adsorption; Adipic 

acid - 7.4 lb/ton extended adsorption 

Stationary EPA Meas

NitricAcidManufacturing NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasNitricAcidManufacturing NOx Extended Absorption Stationary EPA MeasNitricAcidManufacturing NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasNitricAcidPlants NOx 3.0 lb/ton of acid produced Stationary EPA MeasNitricandAdipicAcidPlants NOx Consider a standard of 2.0 lbs NOx/ton of nitric 

acid produced, representing approximately 95-percent control. Even lower standards are achievable using SCR. The nation's four adipic acid plants are already regulated at over 80-per-cent efficiency. 

Stationary EPA Meas

NitrileButadieneRubberProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr1/pr1pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

NitrogenOxides(NOx)EmissionControl NOx Process vent gas treatment Stationary NEET DatNon-acrylateSystems10 VOC In the research development of UV and EB curable 

alternatives to acrylates, a number of "new" systems have been developed that reduce emissions, such as cationic systems, alternating free radical induced copolymerization of donor/acceptor 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

type monomers, various hybrid systems, and photoinduced addition reactions for the formation of polymeric networks. 

Non-majorVOCsourcebakeries NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo Non-NylonPolyamidsProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr2/pr2pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Nonozonedepletingsealantsforammunitionapplications22 

VOC Research program aimed at investigating solventfree or solvent-safe case mouth sealants for military 

ammunition by evaluating state-of-the-art, commercially-available non-ozone depleting sealants. Economic benefits include reduced costs (elimination of toxic ozone-depleting chemicals environmental protection activities), increased production rates, and reduced lot rejection rate 

(which currently averages 6% per year). 

 Regulatory 

Non-RoadEngineStandards8 VOC Mobile CT Memo NonroadGasolineEngines NOx/VOC Federal Reformulated Gasoline Mobile EPA MeasNon-RoadVehiclesandEngines NOx/VOC Achieve reductions from lawn and garden 

equipment and recreational vessels 

Mobile EPA Meas

Non-ThermalPlasmaReactor30 NOx/VOC "Packed-bed reactor" transforms exhaust gas 

pollutants into less harmful constituents. Simultaneous particulate and NOx removal in diesel engine exhaust 

 Regulatory 

NonutilityBoilers NOx Natural Gas and Distillate Oil- Low heat release 

rate - 0.10 lb/mmBtu; High heat -0.20 lb/mmBtu Residual Oil- Low heat release rate - 0.3 lb/mmBtu; High heat release rate - 0.4 lb/mmBtu Coal- Mass Feed Stoker - 0.5 lb/mmBtu; Spreader Stoker and FBC - 0.6 lb/mmBtu; Pulverized Coal - 0.7 lb/mmBtu; Lignite - 0.6 lb/mmBtu 

Stationary EPA Meas

NOxAnalyzers NOx Emissions Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatNOxBudgetProgram(EPANOxSIPCall) NOx Stationary CT Memo 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CNOxControlsonCommercialPowerGeneratingEquipment 

 Adopt OTC Additional NOx Controls Rule 

throughout nonattainment area (applies to industrial boilers, stationary combustion turbines and reciprocating engines, emergency generators, load shavers and cement kilns) 

Stationary DC RACM 

NOxemissionlimitsonasphalticconcreteproductionfacilities 

NOx Stationary SAQMD C

NOxemissionlimitsonasphalticconcreteproductionfacilities 

VOC Stationary SAQMD C

NOxLimitForPowerPlants Cap the emission rate from each utility boiler and 

turbine below NOx SIP Call limits 

Stationary DC RACM 

NOxRACTRules NOx States' NOx RACT rules Stationary EPA Measoff-roadvehiclereplacements EACs - 20Offsetlithography VOC Low solvent inks and fountain solutions Stationary EPA MeasOff-SiteWasteandRecoveryOperations VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasOilandnaturalgasproduction VOC Equipment and maintenance Stationary EPA MeasOilandNaturalGasProduction VOC For major oil and natural gas production facilities, 

the rule requires controls at the following emission points: (1) process vents at certain size glycol dehydration units; (2)tanks with flashing emission potential; and (3) certain fugitive emission sources at natural gas processing plants. For natural gas transmission and storage facilities that are major sources of hazardous air pollutants, the rule requires emission controls at process vents at certain size glycol dehydration units. 

Stationary EPA Meas

On-boardRefuelingVaporRecovery VOC Mobile CT Memo On-boardRefuelingVaporRecovery CT RACM On-roadvehiclereplacement EACs - 20OpenBurning NOx Episodic Ban (Daily Only) Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source COpenburning VOC Episodic ban Stationary EPA MeasOpenBurning Eliminate open burning in counties adjacent to 

nonattainment area 

Area DC RACM 

OpenBurning EACs - 20Openburningban-expanded EACs - 20Opentopdegreasing VOC SCAQMD 1122 (VOC content limit) Stationary EPA MeasOpentopdegreasing VOC Airtight degreasing system Stationary EPA MeasOpentopdegreasing VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasOptimizedautomobilecatalyst35 NOx/VOC Airflow Catalysts is attempting to reengineer the 

traditional automobile catalyst. The redesign is an effort to minimize costs by reducing the amounts of costly rare metals in the catalyst. The new design will seek to react all contaminants (NOx, HC, CO) in the same area of the converter, rather than in three separate areas. The company is also seeking to minimize the need for air injection for NOx control. 

 Regulatory 

OrganicAcidsManufacture VOC RACT Extended to Other Areas Stationary EPA MeasOrganicChemicalPlants NOx Controls on industrial boilers and process heaters 

for these sources 

Stationary EPA Meas

OrganicLiquidsDistribution(Non-Gasoline) VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasOrganicprotectivecoatingsandapplicationtechnology3 

VOC High performance, non-toxic, low VOC content 

coatings for Navy use are being developed, including investigation of low VOC polymer technology to produce low VOC binder systems. Reactive monomers and diluents and low molecular weight resins have been used to develop low viscosity binder systems for future near-zero VOC aircraft coatings. In addition, recent advances in water-borne resin technology has allowed for the development of a high performance water-borne 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

topcoat which goes beyond mere compliance with environmental regulations. Non-toxic inhibitor systems have been developed and formulated into non-toxic aircraft corrosion inhibiting primers. Coating corrosion resistance, physical performance properties and VOC content were evaluated in the development of the best materials. The non-toxic inhibited primers have been optimized, and service evaluation at Navy maintenance facilities is in progress. 

OTC-architecturalandindmain EACs - 20OTC-consumerproducts EACs - 20OTC-lowemissionspaint EACs - 20OTCPhaseIINOxMOU Require reductions in emissions from regional 

power plants through the OTC Phase II NOx MOU 

Stationary DC RACM 

OTC-portablefuelcontainers EACs - 20OxygenEnrichmentMembrane32 NOx/VOC Membrane system uses DuPont Teflon AF fiber as 

the oxygen exchange mechanism for a underhood module to feed oxygen-enriched air directly to the engine chamber. The membrane separates ambient air into oxygen-rich and nitrogen-rich streams. The oxygen rich stream is directed to the manifold to improve combustion, while the nitrogen rich stream can be fed into the exhaust as a plasma to reduce NOx emissions. 

 Regulatory 

PahlmanProcess NOx/PM Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatPaintStrippingOperations VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasPaper,Fabric,andFilmCoatingOperations VOC VOC content limits for compliant coatings + 

Coating applicator transfer efficiency + Emission capture and control system for non-compliant coatings 

Stationary EPA Meas

PaperandOtherWebs(SurfaceCoating) VOC Pending Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CPapersurfacecoating VOC Incineration Stationary EPA MeasParkingLotTreePlantingToReduceVehicleTemperaturesAnd,Thereby,EvaporativeEmissions 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

PartnershipforNewGenerationVehicle1 NOx/VOC Multi-agency Federal partnership with US 

automakers and suppliers, and universities to develop advanced manufacturing technologies, near-term vehicle improvements, and prototypes with up to triple efficiency. The partnership is evaluating many of the individual technologies listed below such as lean NOx catalysts, CIDI engine, reformulated or alternative fuels for CIDI, CIDI fuel injection, EGR in addition to improved 

manufacturing processes that would allow higher temperatures or reduced weight. Other goals include reducing the vehicle weight, aerodynamics, rolling resistance, accessory energy use, and regenerative braking that increase vehicle efficiency and reduce emissions. 

 Regulatory 

PesticideActiveIngredientProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pest/pestpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

PesticideApplication VOC Reformulation - FIP rule Stationary EPA MeasPesticideApplication VOC Ozone season limits on pesticide application and 

prohibition of solvent-containing fumigants + emissions regulations for fumigation chambers + lowest VOC-emitting alternative 

Stationary EPA Meas

PetroGuard VOC Petroleum, oils, and lubricants Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

Petroleumdrycleaners VOC Carbon adsorption Stationary EPA MeasPetroleumDryCleaning EACs - 20PetroleumRefineries NOx Regulate refinery boilers and process heaters like 

other industries + regulate fluid catalytic cracking units by controlling CO boilers + SNCR or low 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

NOx burners on tail gas incinerators 

PetroleumRefineriesCatalyticCracking(FluidandOther)Units,CatalyticReformingUnits,andSulfurPlantUnits 

VOC Controls for emissions of air toxics from storage 

tanks,equipment leaks, process vents, and wastewater collection and treatment systems. Provides emissions averaging across operations and across refineries. 

Stationary EPA Meas

PetroleumRefineriesOtherSourcesNotDistinctlyListed VOC Controls for emissions of air toxics from other nonspecific refinery sources, processes, and 

systems. Provides emissions averaging across operations and across refineries. 

Stationary EPA Meas

Petroleumrefineryfugitives VOC Equipment and maintenance Stationary EPA MeasPetroleumrefinerywastewatersystems VOC Covers, Floating roofs, Combustion devices or 

Carbon adsorption 

Stationary EPA Meas

PetroleumSolventDryCleaners VOC Operating practices + Leak controls + Tight 

storage containers + Waste stream filtration system + Emission control devices 

Stationary EPA Meas

PharmaceuticalsandCosmeticsManufacturingOperations 

VOC Surface condensers on equipment vents + Control 

devices on VOC transfer to storage operations + Control devices on drying operations 

Stationary EPA Meas

PharmaceuticalsProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pharma/pharmpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

PhaseIIMARAMA/NESCAUMUtilityBoiler NOx Stationary EPA MeasPhosphoricAcidFuelCell(PAFC)3 NOx/VOC This is the most commercially developed type of 

fuel cell. It is already being used in such diverse applications as hospitals, nursing homes, hotels, office buildings, schools, utility power plants, and an airport terminal. Phosphoric acid fuel cells generate electricity at more than 40% efficiency, and nearly 85% if steamthat the fuel cell produces is used for cogeneration, compared to 30% for the most efficient internal combustion engine. Operating temperatures are in the range of 400 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

degrees F. These fuel cells also can be used in larger vehicles, such as buses and locomotives. 

PhotographicChemicalProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasPhotovoltaicsforMilitaryApplications This technology involves demonstrating the use of 

photovoltaic technology, reducing the amount of pollutants from fossil-fueled electrical gensets within DOD, and enhancing energy security. The focus will be to develop a modular, standardized power processing center (PPC) that will service multiple source photovoltaic/engine hybrid and demand reduction applications. 

 Regulatory 

PhthalatePlasticizersProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasPlanningforfuturegreenspaces EACs - 20PlasmaEnhancedESP Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatPlasmaTreatmentofAutomotiveExhaust28 NOx/VOC Plasma (ionized gas) treatment of lean-burn exhaust 

emissions in both gasoline and diesel lean-burn engines. Current plasma systems (gas-phase plasma discharges) appear to have low NOx conversion and/or high energy consumption. An alternative approach is being pursued to improve emission reduction and energy consumption. 

 Regulatory 

Plastic,Rubber,andGlassCoatings VOC VOC content limits for compliant coatings + 

Coating applicator transfer efficiency + Emission capture and control system for non-compliant coatings 

Stationary EPA Meas

PlasticPartsandProducts(SurfaceCoating) VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasPlasticsProducts;Specific;(ABS)Resin NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasPleasureCraftCoatingOperations VOC VOC content limits for applicable coatings + 

Solvent cleaning and storage comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

PlywoodandCompositeWoodProducts VOC Pending Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CPM10AmbientAirSampling Ambient Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatPolyesterResinOperations VOC Polyester residual monomer content limit + 

Process requirements to limit VOC loss + Spray applicator requirements + Solvent cleaning operations comply with Rule 1171 + Emission control system for non-compliant polyester materials 

Stationary EPA Meas

PolyetherPolyolsProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/polyol/polyolpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

PolyethyleneTerephtalateProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr4/pr4pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Polymericcoatingofsupportingsubstratesfacilities VOC Carbon adsorption or Incineration Stationary EPA MeasPolyolresins,crosslinkersandreactivediluents14 VOC Recent developments with polyol resins, 

crosslinkers and reactive diluents will enable the 

future formulation of higher-solids, ultralow-VOC coatings and, ultimately, of solventless liquid coatings. In spite of the increasing popularity of 

waterborne and powder coatings, many companies see a future for higher-solids coatings and are investing in new technology, particularly for industrial (original equipment manufacturer) and special-purpose applications. 

 Regulatory 

PolystyreneProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr4/pr4pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

Polyurethanereactive(PUR)technology3 VOC New, accelerated-cure versions of hot-melt 

adhesives technology for recreational vehicle and building components customers has been developed. Also applicable to the profile wrapping segment of the woodworking industry, which can use the adhesives to make window and door components that withstand hot and cold 

temperatures, rain and snow. Users can increase process speeds, while at the same time produce 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

stronger products in a solvent-free environment. 

pooling;flexschedules;alternatefuel EACs - 20Port/harborelectrification NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo Portablefuelcontainerbuybackpromotions NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo PortableToxicChemicalDetector Fugitive emission controls Stationary NEET DatPowder-basedprimers20 VOC GM is working on a prototype powder primer to try 

on one of its vehicle lines; such a primer would contain no VOCs. New chemistry research is being conducted on both epoxy and polyester powder primers. 

 Regulatory 

PP3-FFuelOilTreatment, Fuels and fuel additives Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

PP-CCylinderoiladditive Petroleum, oils, and lubricants Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

Preconditioningofdieselengines NOx Offroad SAQMD CPrepolymersandultralowviscosityreactivediluentstechnologies10 VOC Two technologies have been developed to help solve formulation problems with decreased levels 

of VOCs in two-part, solventborne polyurethane coatings. One technology is a process to make narrow-molecular-weight-distribution, isocyanateterminated polyurethane prepolymers. The other 

technology is the creation of ultralow-viscosity oxazolidine and aldimine/oxazolidine reactive diluents. Use of these materials achieves low-VOC formulations, controlled reactivity of low-VOC systems and enhanced coating performance, as well as formulation flexibility and ease of use. 

 Regulatory 

PrimaryCopperSmelters;ReverbSmeltingFurnace NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasPrinting,Coating,andDyeingOfFabrics VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasPrinting/Publishing(SurfaceCoating) VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/print/printpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CPrinting-Letterpress VOC Carbon Adsorption Stationary EPA MeasPrinting-Lithographic VOC New CTG to Other Areas Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters NOx Limits of 0.036 lb/mmBtu for gas and 0.05 

lb/mmBtu for other liquid fuels+ limits same as mid-sized industrial boilers for gas, distillate oil and residual oil-fired units 

Stationary EPA Meas

ProcessHeaters VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasProcessheaters(revised) NOx NG - ULNB 0.05 lb/mm Btu / Oil - ULNB 0.14 

lb/mm Btu 

Stationary EPA Meas

ProcessHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Non-Catalytic 

Reduction 

Stationary EPA Meas

ProcessHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Ultra Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-LPG NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-LPG NOx Ultra Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-LPG NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-LPG NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-LPG NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-LPG NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-LPG NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Non-Catalytic 

Reduction 

Stationary EPA Meas

ProcessHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Ultra Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CProcessHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Non-Catalytic 

Reduction 

Stationary EPA Meas

ProcessHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-OtherFuel NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-OtherFuel NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-OtherFuel NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-OtherFuel NOx Ultra Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-OtherFuel NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Non-Catalytic 

Reduction 

Stationary EPA Meas

ProcessHeaters-OtherFuel NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-OtherFuel NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ProcessGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ProcessGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Non-Catalytic 

Reduction 

Stationary EPA Meas

ProcessHeaters-ProcessGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ProcessGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ProcessGas NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ProcessGas NOx Ultra Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ResidualOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ResidualOil NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ResidualOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Non-Catalytic 

Reduction 

Stationary EPA Meas

ProcessHeaters-ResidualOil NOx Ultra Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CProcessHeaters-ResidualOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ResidualOil NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasProcessHeaters-ResidualOil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasProheatGen4 Mobile NEET DatPropane/ButaneFuelBlends19 NOx/VOC Emissions testing on multiple light-duty vehicles 

using propane/butane blends, which may be costeffective low-emission alternative fuels for light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicles. It is expected that the proposed project will result in emission benefits and help AQMD, ARB, the petroleum industry, and automobile manufacturers identify a potentially clean, cost-effective alternative fuel with capability for wide-scale application to all types of internal combustion engines. Generate data on emissions, lubricant compatibility, combustion chamber and intake valve deposits, component durability, and catalyst durability. Operate and evaluate three or more new vehicles for a minimum of 50,000 miles using selected butane/propane blends. Conduct periodic emission tests during mileage accumulation to determine the effects of operation on regulated emissions, speciated hydrocarbons, and the specific reactivity (ozoneforming potential) of exhaust emissions. At test completion dismantle engines and quantify and rate deposits. 

 Regulatory 

Protectnaturalareas;minimizeuseof EACs - 20ProteinExchangeMembraneFuelCell(PEMFC)9 NOx/VOC These cells operate at relatively low temperatures 

(about 200 F), have high power density, can very their output quickly to meet shifts in power demand, and are suited for applications, such as in automobiles, where quick startup is required. According to the U.S. DOE, "they are the primary candidates for light-duty vehicles, for buildings, 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

and potentially for much smaller applications such as replacements for rechargeable batteries in video cameras." Fueling stations are a large obstacle in introducing hydrogen powered vehicles to the public on a large scale. From the best calculations available, fueling stations are cost effective, and they are starting to be built across the country. A fueling station will cost $4.5 million to build, but will produce as well as dispense the fuel. Hydrogen fuel costs 3.8 cents per mile, while gas costs 4.5 cents per mile. 11 pounds of hydrogen would provide a 400 mile driving range for a midsized car. The tank for this fuel is 3 times the size of a gas tank, and fueling would take about ten minutes. 

ProtonExchangeMembraneFuelCells(PEMFC)5 NOx/VOC These cells operate at relatively low temperatures 

(about 200 degrees F), have high power density, can vary their output quickly to meet shifts in power demand, and are suited for applications, such as automobiles, where quick startup is required. According to DOE, "they are the primary candidates for light-duty vehicles, for buildings, and potentially for much smaller applications such 

as replacements for rechargeable batteries in video cameras." 

 Regulatory 

Providefreepublictransit NOx Landuse SAQMD CProvidefreepublictransitduringepisodes NOx Landuse SAQMD CProvidefreereplacementgascapstolightandmedium-dutyvehicleowners NOx On-Road Mobile SAQMD CProvideincentivesformicroturbineenginesinsmallpowergenerationapplications 

VOC Offroad SAQMD C

ProvideTruckstopElectrificationForInTruckServices NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CPublicawarenessprogram EACs - 20PublicEducationonNOxandROGsourcesinSchoolsandSmallBusinesses 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

PubliclyOwnedTreatmentWorks VOC Source reduction approaches requiring industrial 

pretreatment controlling VOCs where they are most concentrated 

Stationary EPA Meas

PubliclyOwnedTreatmentWorks(POTW)Emissions 

VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/potw/potwpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

PulpandPaper VOC Maximum Achievable Control Technology 

standards for the integrated pulp and paper industry 

Stationary EPA Meas

PulpandPaperProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasPurchase15CNGvehicles EACs - 20Purchase1hybridelectricbus EACs - 20Purchase2alternativefuelvehicles EACs - 20PVManufac-turing(PVMat) NOx/VOC One of the primary hindrances to PV market 

acceptance is the difficulty in taking laboratory results and replicating them under real world conditions. A public-private partnership, funded for 5 years at $118 million, sought to address this problem by improving PV manufacturing processes, module development, and balance of system (BOS) components. For example, BOS components account for 50% of the system cost but 99% of repair issues. The goal was to increase PV module supply [currently demand outstrips supply (as of May, firms are taking no further orders for 1997)] and ensure that the U.S. production remains internationally competitive. 

 Regulatory 

QC-TILDAS Other Stationary NEET DatQuaternaryAmmoniumCompoundsProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasRACTatmajorsources EACs - 20
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CRayonProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasRCL®CatalyticCombustion Combustion Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

ReasonablyAvailableControlTechnology(RACT)for25tpyVOCsources 

VOC MA Strateg

ReciprocatingInternalCombustionEngines NOx Limits for rich-burn gas-fired engines between 0.4-

0.8 g/bhp-hr, for lean-burn engines as low as 0.5-0.6 g/bhp-hr and for diesel engines at 0.5-1.1 g/bhphr. 

Stationary EPA Meas

ReciprocatingInternalCombustionEngines VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasReducedenginetaxi,aircrafttowing,congestionreduction 

NOx M15 Airports Regulatory 

Reducedidlingscenario NOx Airports Regulatory Reducelocomotiveidling EACs - 20ReduceParkingFeesatFacilitiesOutsidetheBeltwayAdjacenttoMetro 

 Reduce parking fees at Metro parking facilities or 

county/city managed facilities outside of the Beltway that are located near Metro stations. 

Mobile DC RACM 

ReducethenumberofpublicparkingspacesintheCityofSacramentoby25% 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

ReductionsonNOxRACTfornon-NOxBudgetunits NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo RefineryFlares NOx Adoption of a Flare Monitoring and Recording 

Plan 

Stationary EPA Meas

ReformulatedGasoline NOx/VOC Opt into the federal reformulated gasoline program Mobile EPA MeasReformulatedGasoline CT RACM ReformulatedGasoline-PhaseI3 VOC Mobile CT Memo Reformulationsofaerosolproducts(suchasspraypaint,rustproofing,andWD-40) 

VOC MA Strateg

RegenerativeThermalOxidizer Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatRegulatesmallICengines EACs - 20
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CRegulationofadditionalprintingoperations NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo Removalofexemptiononcutbackasphaltuse NOx/VOC Area CT Memo RenewablePortfolioStandards(DPUC)--C.G.S.section16-245a 

NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo 

Replace/retrofitconstructionequip EACs - 20Repowerheavydutydieselvehicleswithnewer,loweremittingengines NOx On-Road SAQMD CRepoweroldunitswith2004standardcertifiedengines NOx/VOC M6 On-road 

heavy duty diesel 

Regulatory 

Repowerwithnaturalgasengines NOx M5 On-road 

heavy duty diesel 

Regulatory 

Requireasurchargetobepaidbydriversduringthesummerseasonbasedonthenumberofdrivingmiles 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

RequirecaptureefficiencytestingatallmajorsourcesofVOC,andmorestringentreportingrequirements,includingon-lineCEMs. 

VOC MA Strateg

Requirelow-NOxfuelforagriculturalequipment Require agricultural equipment to use low-NOx 

fuel during ozone season 

Non-road DC RACM 

RequireOnBoardDiagnosticsonNewDieselandGasolineTrucksandBuses 

NOx Mobile SAQMD C

Requirepassengervehiclesnotmeetingthestandardsofpassengercarstopayanannualfeeand/orafeeuponpurchase 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

RequireSNCRatallmajorNOxsources(50tpy+) NOx MA StrategRequirethatCongestionMitigationAirQuality(CMAQ)fundsbeusedonlyforprojectsthatsignificantlyimproveairquality 

NOx SAQMD C
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CRescindRestrictedEmissionStatuspermitsandrequireemissionrateswithRACTorBARCT 

VOC MA Strateg

ResidentialFuelCells7 NOx/VOC Fuel cell that is small enough to fit into a closet and 

capable of generating 2-10 kW of power. 

 Regulatory 

ResidentialLNBwaterheater EACs - 20ResidentialSpaceandWaterHeaters NOx Set limit on new sources of 0.09 lbs//mmBtu of 

heat output + incentives to replace older space and water heaters 

Stationary EPA Meas

Restrictionsonoutdoorwoodburningfurnaces NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo RestrictionsonwoodstovesnotsubjecttoNSPS;noburndays 

NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo 

Restrictorbancertainoff-roadengineuse--e.g.,target2-strokeenginesunder5horsepower(limitsorbansonlawnmowers,jetskis,ORVs,chainsaws,weedwackers,andleafblowers) 

VOC MA Strateg

RetrofitenginesforNOx: NOx M9 Non-road 

diesel 

Regulatory 

RetrofitenginesforNOx:waterinjection/emulsion NOx M9 Non-road 

diesel 

Regulatory 

ReviseallexistingAirPermitsfor25tpyorhigherVOCsourcestorequirestrictermonitoring,recordkeepingandcontrollevels(wouldhitthelargestdozenorsoemitterse.g.,Rexam,Globe) 

VOC MA Strateg

RocketTestingFacilities VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasRotaryRegenerativeOxidizerwithElectricDriveandFulFlowOn-LineBake-out 

 Emission capture systems Stationary NEET Dat

RotaryValveRTO(RL) Process vent gas treatment Stationary NEET DatRTIDryRegenerableAlkaliCarbonateProcess Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatRubberandplasticsmanufacturing VOC SCAQMD o low VOC Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CRubberTireManufacturing VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasRubbertiremanufacturingindustry VOC VOC capture systems + Control devices Stationary EPA MeasSafeYellowIC8 VOC A product has been developed for enhancing 

powder coatings by increasing the flow of the resins, eliminating orange peel and allowing the 

replacement of more expensive organic pigment on 

a one for one basis. The manufacturers of this product say it is an improved coating with lower costs. 

 Regulatory 

Sand/Gravel;Dryer NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasSchoolbusengineretrofit EACs - 20Schoolbusretrofits,newlowemissionschoolbusesanduseofultralowsulfurdieselfuel 

NOx/VOC Mobile CT Memo 

ScreenPrintingOperations VOC VOC content of screen printing materials + 

Solvent cleaning and storage and disposal of VOCcontaining materials comply with Rule 1171 

Stationary EPA Meas

season-EACareas EACs - 20SecondaryAluminumProduction;SmeltingFurnaces/Reverb 

NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA Meas

Selectivecatalyticreduction(SCR) NOx M11 Diesel 

locomotives 

Regulatory 

SemiconductorManufacturing VOC Solvent cleaning station requirements + Emission 

control system on photoresist operations +C content limits for cleanup solvents 

Stationary EPA Meas

SemiconductorManufacturing VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasServiceStations-StageI VOC Vapor Balance Stationary EPA MeasSetloweremissionsstandardsfornewhandheldandnon-handheldlawnandgardenequipment/State/Federal 

NOx Offroad SAQMD C

Setloweremissionstandardsfornewoff-roadspark- NOx Offroad SAQMD C
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source Cignitedengines(<25hp) Setmorestringentemissionstandardsfornewmarinevesselsandpursueapproachestoreducelandbasedportemissions 

VOC Offroad SAQMD C

SetNewConsumerProductsLimitsfor2006 VOC Area SAQMD CSetNewConsumerProductsLimitsfor2008–2010 VOC Area SAQMD CSetuserestrictionsforeachonroadvehicletypeduringepisodes 

NOx Landuse SAQMD C

SetVOC/ROG/NOxstandardfordieselfueledrefrigerationunitsontrucks 

NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

ShellGlobalSolutionsThirdStageSeparator(TSS) Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatShiftelectricloadprofile EACs - 20ShipbuildingandShipRepair VOC Enhanced application techniques achieving a 

minimum 65-percent transfer efficiency + California's general limit of 340 grams per liter for marine coatings. 

Stationary EPA Meas

ShipbuildingandShipRepair(SurfaceCoating) VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/shipb/shipbpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

SidelSRUfluegascondensers Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatSmallCompressionIgnitionDirectInjection(CIDI)DieselEngines5 

VOC Research is being conducted into lightweight 

engine materials, alternative fuels, and catalytic converters in an effort to apply the advantages of 

CIDI engines (high thermal efficiency, operating flexibility, low start-up emissions) to passenger cars, while controlling negative characteristics (heavy engine components and production of suboptimal levels of NOx and particulate emissions). 

 Regulatory 

SmallIndustrial,Institutional,andCommercialBoilers,SteamGenerators,andProcessHeaters 

NOx NOx emission limit, methods to meet the limit is 

not specified 

Stationary EPA Meas

SmallSourceBACT Stationary CT Memo 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CSmokingvehicleban EACs - 20SOCMIbatchprocesses VOC Vapor collection system + incineration Stationary EPA MeasSOCMIbatchreactorprocesses VOC New CTG Stationary EPA MeasSOCMI-Distillation VOC New CTG level control Stationary EPA MeasSOCMIfugitives VOC Equipment and maintenance Stationary EPA MeasSOCMI-ReactorProcesses VOC New CTG level control Stationary EPA Meassodiumbicarbonateinjection Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatSolae-switchtoalternativefuel EACs - 20SolidOxideFuelCell(SOFC)2 NOx/VOC The solid oxide fuel cell generates power 

electrochemically, avoiding the air pollutants and efficiency losses associated with combustion processes. Fuels cells operate continuosly, generating power as long as natural gas, coalderived gas, or other hydrocarbon fuels are supplied. The solid electrolyte allows for the simplest of fuel cell plant designs, and requires no external fuel reforming. Capable of using either 

natural gas or cleaned coal gas, it emits no sulfur pollutants and as much as 60 to 65 percent less carbon dioxide than a conventional coal-burning plant. 

 Regulatory 

SolidWasteDisposal;Government;OtherIncinerator;Sludge 

NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA Meas

SolventCleaningOperations VOC Compliant solvent requirement by cleaning 

application + Cleaning devices and methods requirement + Storage and disposal requirements + Emission control system for non-compliant solvents and cleaning procedures 

Stationary EPA Meas

SolventCleaningOperations–Cleaningofcoatings/adhesivesapplicationequipment 

VOC VOC-content specifications for solvents based on 

vapor pressure or emission capture and control systems 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CSolventCleaningOperations–Cleaningofinkapplicationequipment 

VOC VOC-content specifications for solvents based on 

vapor pressure or emission capture and control systems 

Stationary EPA Meas

SolventCleaningOperations–Cleaningofpolyesterresinapplicationequipment 

VOC VOC-content specifications for solvents based on 

vapor pressure or emission capture and control systems 

Stationary EPA Meas

SolventCleaningOperations–Repair&maintenancecleaning 

VOC VOC-content specifications for solvents based on 

vapor pressure or emission capture and control systems 

Stationary EPA Meas

SolventCleaningOperations–Surfacecleaningformfg,&surfaceprepforcoating,adhesive,orinkapplication 

VOC VOC-content specifications for solvents based on 

vapor pressure or emission capture and control systems 

Stationary EPA Meas

SolventCleaningOperations–Ultravioletinkremovalfromgraphicarts 

VOC VOC-content specifications for solvents based on 

vapor pressure or emission capture and control systems 

Stationary EPA Meas

SolventDegreasers VOC Operating practice requirements + VOC content 

limits of solvents + Clean Air Solvent Certificates 

Stationary EPA Meas

SpaceHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasSpaceHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasSpaceHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasSpaceHeaters-DistillateOil NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasSpaceHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasSpaceHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasSpaceHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasSpaceHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasSpaceHeaters-NaturalGas NOx Oxygen Trim + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasSpandexProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasStage1vaporrecovery EACs - 20Stage1vaporrecovery EACs - 20
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CStage1VaporRecovery>25,000 EACs - 20Stage1vaporrecovery-EACareas EACs - 20StageIIVaporRecovery VOC Rules to achieve a 95-percent level of control 

efficiency + require California certification of equipment + limit exemptions to facilities with throughputs below 10,000 gallons per month + semi-annual inspections.+ Stage II program in Moderate nonattainment areas 

Stationary EPA Meas

StageIIVaporRecovery CT RACM StageIIVaporRecovery:Pressure-VentValves VOC Stationary CT Memo StageI-truckunloading VOC Vapor balance Stationary EPA MeasStageI-truckunloading VOC Vapor balance + PN valves Stationary EPA MeasStageIVaporRecovery EACs - 20StageIVaporRecoveryatGasolineServiceStations VOC Stationary CT Memo Stakeholderdevelopment EACs - 20StarchManufacturing;CombinedOperations NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasState&LocalFleetReplacement Replace public sector gasoline-fueled automobile 

fleet with hybrid vehicles (i.e. Toyota Prius) 

Mobile DC RACM 

StationaryGasTurbines NOx Continuous in-stack NOx and oxygen monitoring 

system + Selective Catalytic Reduction 

Stationary EPA Meas

StationaryInternalCombustionEngines NOx NOx emission limit Stationary EPA MeasStationCarsToPromoteUserFriendlinessOfMassTransportation 

NOx/VOC Voluntary measures Mobile EPA Meas

SteelFoundries VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasSteelFoundries;HeatTreatingFurnaces NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasSteelProduction;SoakingPits NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasStorageTankDegassing VOC Degassing procedures required + Control device to 

capture VOCs displaced from tanks 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CStorageVesselsforPetroleumLiquids VOC Floating roofs Stationary EPA MeasStrictercontrolsonillegalburning EACs - 20Styrene-AcrylonitrileProduction VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/pr4/pr4pg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

SubsidizePurchaseofBikeAccessories NOx Landuse SAQMD CSulfatePulping-RecoveryFurnaces NOx Low NOx Burners + Flue Gas Recirculation Stationary EPA MeasSulfatePulping-RecoveryFurnaces NOx Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasSulfatePulping-RecoveryFurnaces NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasSulfatePulping-RecoveryFurnaces NOx Oxygen Trim + Water Injection Stationary EPA MeasSulfatePulping-RecoveryFurnaces NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA MeasSupercriticalCO2asapaintsolvent30 VOC Supercritical CO2 is being investigated as a 

replacement for traditional paint solvents, eliminating VOC emissions. 

 Regulatory 

SuperplasticAdvancedManifolds3 VOC Double-wall +manifold offers the potential for 

substantial reductions in cold-start emissions by allowing the inner tube to heat quickly, resulting in a quicker "light-off" of the catalytic converter, thereby reducing hydrocarbon emissions. 

 Regulatory 

Supportcetanedieselfueladditive EACs - 20Surfacecoatingofmetalfurniture VOC Low solvent coatings Stationary EPA MeasSurfaceCoatingofPlasticParts VOC HVLP spray or other techniques achieving a 

minimum transfer efficiency of 65 percent + VOCcontent limits 

Stationary EPA Meas

SurfaceCoatingOperation;CoatingOvenHeater;NaturalGas 

NOx Low NOx Burners Stationary EPA Meas

Switchvehiclestobio-diesel EACs - 20Syntheticfibermanufacture VOC Carbon Adsorber Stationary EPA MeasSyntheticFiberProduction VOC Solvent recovery systems including carbon 

adsorption 

Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CSyntheticOrganicChemicalManufacturing VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/hon/honpg.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

SyntheticOrganicChemicalManufacturingIndustry(SOCMI)ReactorandDistillationProcesses 

VOC 98-percent reduction in emissions from SOCMI 

sources + exemptions based on EPA's CTG with a more stringent total resource effectiveness (TRE) cutoff for exemptions 

Stationary EPA Meas

TD-4100On-LineHydrocarbonMonitor Emissions Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatTerephthalicAcidManufacture VOC Incineration Stationary EPA MeasTesto350 Emissions Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatTextileFinishing VOC Add-on controls of 95 percent or better control 

efficiency + capture efficiency based on best engineering practices + possible exemption of lowsolvent inks 

Stationary EPA Meas

thecaptureandcontrolofVOCemissionsfromlivestockwaste 

VOC Stationary SAQMD C

TheExpertFurnaceSystemOptimizationProcess(EFSOP)forEAFs 

 Combustion Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

Thegraphicartsindustry;Publicationrotogravureprinting 

VOC Carbon adsorption Stationary EPA Meas

ThermalOxidizers Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatThermalOxidizerwithEnergyRecovery Process vent gas treatment Stationary NEET DatThermoPV(TPV) NOx/VOC Using superconducting materials to turn solar 

energy into heat to creates steam to then generate electricity. 

 Regulatory 

Thin-layercrystallinesilicon NOx/VOC A solar film on which research effort is focused 

because it is likely to blend the production ease of other film technologies with the efficiency of silicon crystals. 

 Regulatory 

Tightenstandardsforbulkterminalgasolinestorageandtransferin7.24(2)--

VOC MA Strateg
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source Csuchthatthevaporrecoveryunitsarerequiredtooperateatloweremissionrates. Tighteremissionstandardsforpleasurecraft/State/Federal 

VOC Offroad SAQMD C

TORBEDTM-ProcessReactorTechnologies Other Stationary NEET DatTrafficmarkings VOC South Coast Phase III Stationary EPA MeasTrafficmarkings VOC South Coast Phase I Stationary EPA MeasTrafficmarkings VOC South Coast Phase II Stationary EPA MeasTrafficmarkings VOC AIM Coating Federal Rule Stationary EPA MeasTransitPrioritization--QueueJumps Provide queue jumps for buses at over-capacity 

signalized intersections throughout the region. Queue jumps allow buses to use a shoulder or other designated lane to bypass intersection queues and move forward towards the stop line. 

Mobile DC RACM 

Transitprograms EACs - 20TransportRefrigerationUnits(TRUs) PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo TreatmentStorageandDisposalFacilities VOC Expedited process for upgrading permits + air 

pollution control regulations for TSDFs modeled after EPA's hazardous waste rules 

Stationary EPA Meas

Treeplantingprogram EACs - 20Truckstopelectrification PM2.5 Mobile CT Memo Truckstopelectrification EACs - 20TSDFs VOC Phase I & II rules Stationary EPA MeasUltraFiltration24 VOC Decorative Coatings' technology center at 

Montataire, France is developing new technologies to improve waterborne paint waste reuse, thereby reducing new paint production and associated emissions. One of its initiatives is wastewater treatment by Ultra Filtration (UF). This is a major project, because up to 12 European sites may be 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

involved. UF is a nonchemical membrane separation process, which separates the effluent into two streams: permeate (the treated water) and concentrate (UF sludge). The pollution level of the permeate is equivalent to that obtained after conventional treatment, but it is completely free of paint solids, which are held in the concentrate. So far, UF has proved to be an efficient solution for treating effluent from waterborne paint production. Industrial application of UF is economical provided that the concentrate is reused in making paint. 

UndergroundStorageTankVents VOC Pressure-vacuum valves on open vent pipes of 

storage tanks equipped with Stage I vapor recovery 

Stationary EPA Meas

Updatedevelopmentregulations EACs - 20UpgradeVOCRACT NOx/VOC Stationary CT Memo UreaResins-General VOC RACT Extended to Other Areas Stationary EPA Measusage;restrictvehicleidletimes EACs - 20Uselandfillgas;supportNCGreenPower EACs - 20Useremotesensorsandlicenseplatephotostoidentifysmokingvehicles 

NOx On-Road 

Mobile 

SAQMD C

UtilityBoilers NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction Stationary EPA MeasUtilityBoilers NOx T-fired and wall-fired coal units emissions of 0.15 

lb/mmBtu or below + oil and gas units emissions of 0.05 lb/mmBtu + emission rates based on energy output 

Stationary EPA Meas

Utilityboilers NOx Gas / oil - SCR 0.08 lb/mmBtu Stationary EPA MeasUtilityBoilers NOx Natural Gas- 0.2lb/mmBtu; Liquid Fossil Fuel - 

0.3 lb/mmBtu; Subituminous Coal - 0.5 lb/mmBtu; Lignite- 0.8 lb/mmBtu; Bituminous Coal- 0.6 lb/mmBtu 

Stationary EPA Meas

UV/ozoneoxidationtechnique23 VOC Technology development and demonstration Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

activity targeted for Department of Defense painting operations to validate the recirculation/partitioning concept used with a novel UV/ozone oxidation technique to eliminate HAP and VOC discharges from paint spray booths and other booth designs. Preliminary results suggest that booth discharge flow reductions of up to 75% can be achieved. 

VacuumInsulatedCatalyticConverter29 NOx/VOC Using a form of vacuum insulation and phasechange heat storage technology, the converter 

remains at operating temperatures for more than 24 hours after the engine has been turned off. Potential exists to reduce automotive emissions to ultra-low emission vehicle (ULEV) levels, or even to equivalent zero emission vehicle (EZEV) standards in some cases. 

 Regulatory 

VariousMiscellaneousPolymerChemicalsProduction 

VOC Pending Stationary EPA Meas

VegetableOilProduction VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasVehicleI/Mprogram EACs - 20Vehicleinspectionincludingdiesel EACs - 20VinylChlorideEmissions VOC Emission control system with continuous stack 

monitor 

Stationary EPA Meas

VOCemissionlimitsformarinecoatings VOC 

Stationary/Area 

SAQMD C

VOCemissionlmitsforCommercialCookingsuchascharbroilersanddeepfatfryers 

VOC Area SAQMD C

VOCemissionsformthepolymermanufacturingindustry 

VOC Incineration of emissions in boiler or flare Stationary EPA Meas

VOClimitsforMetalPartsandProductsinDistrictswhererulesarenotadopted 

VOC 

Stationary/Are

SAQMD C
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

a 

VOClimitsforunregulatedcoatings VOC 

Stationary/Area 

SAQMD C

VOCRACTpursuanttosections182(a)(2)(A)and182(b)(2)(B)ofCleanAirAct 

 CT RACM 

VolatileOrganicLiquidsStorage VOC Volatile organic liquid storage CTG + enhanced 

test methods, monitoring specifications and equipment specifications based on HON rule + lower vapor pressure limits for exemptions in current rules 

Stationary EPA Meas

Volatileorganicliquidstorage VOC Floating roof tops for tanks Stationary EPA MeasVolatileorganicliquidstorage VOC Floating roofs Stationary EPA MeasVoluntaryMobileEmissionsReductionProgram(VMEP) 

 TX SIP - 2

W15-590DieselFuelAdditive Fund trial of the fuel additive W15-590 to reduce 

NOX emissions. The additive can be mixed with the fuel before or after delivery from the distribution center. 

Mobile DC RACM 

WasteBurning--AgriculturalorOpenBurning(defined:p804ofCAFIP) 

VOC Agricultural and open burning are prohibited on a 

“no-burn day” which is a day declared by EPA, CARB, or local air district if an ozone exceedance (0.09 ppm) is predicted 

Stationary EPA Meas

Water-based,solvent-freeandultrahighsolidscoatings12 VOC Water-based, solvent free and ultrahigh-solids coatings are being considered for development for 

the metal office furniture industry. 

 Regulatory 

Water-basedaerosoladhesive11 VOC Based on new technology, a water-based low VOC 

spray adhesive has been developed that offers bonding strength and heat resistance comparable to many typical solvent-based aerosol products. This 

adhesive can be used to bonds a range of substrates, 

including paper, fabrics, plastics, wood, and 

 Regulatory 
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source C

aluminum. 

Water-basedcoatings13 VOC Morton's Water-Based Polymers Technology 

Group is involved in developing new and improving on existing Morton waterborne products such as: a new water-based, lead-free highway paint; a zero-VOC, waterborne color dispersion paint component; and water-based automotive plastic coatings. 

 Regulatory 

Water-basedsoldermasks26 VOC Probimer7 water-based solder masks can help cut 

down on the use of solvents; these water-based coatings are used on printed wiring boards in the computer industry. In addition, the division's powder coating systems are applied to buildings and cars using electrostatic charge - avoiding the need for a solvent. 

 Regulatory 

Waterborneclearcoats19 VOC Water-based clearcoats are under investigation at 

Ford. 

 Regulatory 

Waterborneprimers18 VOC Waterborne primers will be studied at three Ford 

truck plants and a BMW plant. 

 Regulatory 

WebOffsetLithography VOC New CTG Stationary EPA MeasWetESP Emission capture systems Stationary NEET DatWMATABusInformationDisplayswithMaps Install additional information boxes with maps and 

schedule information. Would include schedules in languages other than English in neighborhoods where most residents speak another language 

Mobile DC RACM 

WoodFlatStockCoatingOperations VOC VOC content limits for coatings, inks, and 

adhesives + Applicator requirements + Emission 

collection and control system for non-compliant 

coatings 

Stationary EPA Meas

WoodFurniture(SurfaceCoating) VOC See Website - 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/wood/riwood.html 

Stationary EPA Meas

WoodFurnitureCoating VOC Incineration Stationary EPA Meas
Draft TSD for 2006 OTC Control Measure Evaluation 

Appendix B – Initial List of Control Measures 

Measure Pollutant Description Source Source CWoodFurnitureCoating VOC Negotiated regulatory rules Stationary EPA MeasWoodFurnitureProducts(SurfaceCoating) VOC Pending Stationary EPA MeasWoodfurnituresurfacecoating VOC New CTG Stationary EPA MeasWoodfurnituresurfacecoating VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasWoodfurnituresurfacecoating VOC Add-On Controls Stationary EPA MeasWoodProductsCoatings VOC VOC content limits of coatings and strippers + 

Coating applicator transfer efficiency + Approved emission control system for non-compliant coatings 

Stationary EPA Meas

Woodproductsurfacecoating VOC MACT Stationary EPA MeasWoodproductsurfacecoating VOC SCAQMD Rule 1104 Stationary EPA MeasWoodproductsurfacecoating VOC Incineration Stationary EPA MeasWorkwithSEQLproject EACs - 20XactMulti-MetalsCEM Emissions Monitoring Monitoring NEET DatXononCoolCombustion® Combustion Pollution 

Prevention 

NEET Dat

ZeroI/Mwaiversandexemptions Eliminate all waivers and exemptions in the I/M 

program 

Mobile DC RACM 

Zero-VOCIndustrialMaintenanceMetalCoating31 VOC This zero-VOC coating technology is intended for 

use as a topcoat on metal furniture. The resin formulation for the coating will be adjusted to provide acceptable drying times, flexibility and hardness, and ultraviolet, chemical and salt spray resistance. 

 Regulatory 

ZEVbusdemonstrationandpurchase NOx TCM SAQMD CZEVprogram Adopt California ZEV program Mobile DC RACM Zoningordinance-landscapebuffers EACs - 20