Affirmed and Memorandum Opinion filed April 7, 2015.

In The

Fourteenth Court of Appeals

NO. 14-14-00550-CV

D. PATRICK SMITHERMAN, Appellant

V.

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., Appellee

On Appeal from the 270th District Court

Harris County, Texas

Trial Court Cause No. 2011-47746

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Appellant D. Patrick Smitherman challenges the summary judgment in favor 

of appellee Bank of America, N.A. (BANA) on Smitherman’s breach of contract 

and fraud claims. Smitherman asserts that he raised genuine issues of material fact 

on both of his claims, which precludes summary judgment. Because we determine 

that Smitherman failed to raise a genuine fact issue regarding damages, we affirm.
BACKGROUND

In 2005, Smitherman entered into a mortgage agreement to purchase real 

property located at 1044 West 25th Street, #E, Houston, by executing a note for 

$183,900, secured by a deed of trust. Smitherman defaulted on his February and 

March 2011 mortgage payments, which at that time amounted to $1,205.65 per 

month. BANA, the note holder, notified Smitherman of the default in writing on 

March 21, 2011. The notice provided that Smitherman could cure the default on or 

before April 20, 2011 by paying $2,514.28, which consisted of past due mortgage 

payments and a late fee. The notice provided that to cure the default, BANA “must 

receive the amount of $2,514.28 plus any additional regular monthly payments or 

payments, late charges, fees and charges which become due on or before April 20, 

2011.” (emphasis added). The notice further stated:

The default will not be considered cured unless [BANA] receives 

“good funds” in the amount of $2,514.28 on or before April 20, 

2011. . . . If less than the full amount that is due is sent to us, we can 

keep the payment and apply it to the debt but still proceed to 

foreclosure since the default would not have been cured.

If the default is not cured on or before April 20, 2011, the 

mortgage payments will be accelerated with the full amount 

remaining accelerated and becoming due and payable in full, and 

foreclosure proceedings will be initiated at that time. As such, the 

failure to cure the default may result in the foreclosure and sale of 

your property.

According to Smitherman, on April 19, he went to a local BANA branch “to 

cure his defaults.” He spoke to the branch manager and explained his situation. He 

was put through by phone at the branch location to a member of BANA’s Loss 

Mitigation Unit. Smitherman spoke with this individual, a female whose last name 

was Ramirez, and she advised him that BANA would accept $2,411.30 to cure the 

default. Smitherman asserts that Ramirez informed him that BANA would waive 

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the late charges and accept the past-due mortgage payments to cure his default. 

Ramirez also advised Smitherman that his April 2011 payment, due at that time, 

could be repaid in four equal monthly installments, beginning on May 18 and 

continuing through August 18. Smitherman understood that under this 

arrangement, his mortgage payments for May, June, July, and August would be 

due on the 18th of each month and would include equal portions of the April 2011 

payment. Ramirez indicated that the necessary paperwork would be sent to 

Smitherman to reflect this repayment plan.1 That same day, Smitherman authorized 

the issuance of an electronic check in the amount of $2,411.30 to BANA. 

Smitherman defaulted on the May 18 mortgage payment, believing he had 

been set up for automatic debit for the payment.2 He asserted that he did not 

discover the payment had not gone through until he received a July 19, 2011 debt 

acceleration notice from BANA. This letter provided that payment of past due 

amounts on Smitherman’s mortgage loan had not been received and the mortgagee 

had elected to accelerate the maturity of the debt. It stated that Smitherman had a 

right to reinstate the loan and that he could call the Foreclosure Department to 

obtain reinstatement figures. Smitherman could not recall receiving any 

correspondence from BANA following his April 19 telephone conversation with 

Ramirez until he received the July 19 debt acceleration notice. BANA attached a 

1 In his June 2013 deposition, Smitherman could not recall whether he received anything 

in writing from BANA regarding the repayment plan; he further stated that he could not recall if 

the female, whose name he also could not recall, indicated that something in writing would be 

sent. He stated that he “throw[s] a lot of [his] mail away.” But in his January 2014 affidavit 

attached to his summary judgment response, Smitherman stated definitively that (1) Ramirez was 

the name of the individual to whom he had spoken and (2) she indicated the “necessary 

paperwork” to reflect the repayment plan would be sent to him.

2 In his June 2013 deposition, Smitherman offered no reason for his failure to pay his 

May through August 2011 mortgage payments.

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copy of a notice of substitute trustee sale to the debt acceleration notice, which 

provided that the property would be sold on September 6, 2011, by public auction. 

On August 12, Smitherman filed this suit seeking a restraining order, 

temporary injunction, permanent injunction, and damages for breach of contract. 

Smitherman alleged that BANA had breached its mortgage agreement with him by 

failing to properly notify him and permit him to cure the default. Smitherman 

obtained a temporary restraining order (TRO) that same day, preventing BANA 

from foreclosing on the property. The parties agreed to extend the TRO until 

September 9, 2011. No other injunctive relief appears of record.

On January 7, 2014, BANA filed a traditional and no-evidence motion for 

summary judgment. In this motion, BANA asserted that Smitherman’s claims for 

breach of contract, injunctive relief, and fraud failed as a matter of law. BANA 

further asserted that Smitherman lacked evidence of one or more of the elements of 

each of his claims. Smitherman responded to BANA’s summary judgment motion, 

asserting that fact issues precluded summary judgment. The trial court heard the 

motion, and, following the hearing, entered final summary judgment in favor of 

BANA on all of Smitherman’s claims. This appeal timely followed.

ANALYSIS

A. Standard of Review

We review de novo the trial court’s decision to grant a summary judgment. 

Ferguson v. Bldg. Materials Corp. of Am., 295 S.W.3d 642, 644 (Tex. 2009). 

When the trial court grants the judgment without specifying the grounds, we will 

affirm if any of the grounds presented are meritorious. FM Props. Operating Co. v. 

City of Austin, 22 S.W.3d 868, 872 (Tex. 2000). BANA moved for summary 

judgment on both traditional and no-evidence grounds. Because we affirm the trial 

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court’s summary judgment on no-evidence grounds, we describe only the standard 

of review applicable to a no-evidence summary judgment. 

We review the summary judgment evidence in the light most favorable to 

the non-movant, crediting evidence favorable to the non-movant if reasonable fact 

finders could, and disregarding contrary evidence unless reasonable fact finders 

could not. Mann Frankfort Stein & Lipp Advisors, Inc. v. Fielding, 289 S.W.3d 

844, 848 (Tex. 2009); see also King Ranch, Inc. v. Chapman, 118 S.W.3d 742, 751 

(Tex. 2003). In a no-evidence summary judgment motion, the movant asserts that 

there is no evidence of one or more essential elements of the claims for which the 

non-movant bears the burden of proof at trial. Tex. R. Civ. P. 166a(i). The trial 

court must grant the motion unless the respondent produces summary judgment 

evidence raising a genuine issue of material fact. Tex. R. Civ. P. 166a(i). The nonmovant is “‘not required to marshal its proof; its response need only point out 

evidence that raises a fact issue on the challenged elements.’” Hamilton v. Wilson, 

249 S.W.3d 425, 427 (Tex. 2008) (quoting Tex. R. Civ. P. 166a(i) cmt.–1997). We 

review a no-evidence summary judgment for evidence that would enable 

reasonable and fair-minded fact finders to differ in their conclusions. Id. (citing 

City of Keller, 168 S.W.3d at 822). 

B. No Evidence of Damages

The elements of a breach of contract claim are (1) a valid contract; (2) 

performance or tendered performance by the plaintiff; (3) breach of the contract by 

the defendant; and (4) damages to the plaintiff resulting from that breach. West v. 

Triple B Servs., LLP, 264 S.W.3d 440, 446 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 

2008, no pet.). In the no-evidence portion of its motion for summary judgment, 

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BANA asserted, inter alia, that Smitherman had no evidence of damages.3

Smitherman responded to the summary judgment motion and attached his affidavit. 

Regarding damages, Smitherman stated, “Plaintiff has suffered damages as a result 

of the breach by Defendant of the Deed of Trust.” That is the only reference in 

support of his claim for damages for breach of contract. Smitherman refers to 

“Exhibit D” in support of this conclusory statement, but there is no Exhibit D

contained in our record. Thus, Smitherman failed to come forward with evidence 

of damages in response to BANA’s no-evidence motion. See Tex. R. Civ. P. 

166a(i) (“[T]he court must grant the motion [for summary judgment] unless the 

respondent produces summary judgment evidence raising a genuine issue of 

material fact.”). 

On appeal, however, Smitherman asserts that his answer to BANA’s first 

interrogatory provides evidence of his damages. But “a party cannot rely on its 

own answer to an interrogatory as summary judgment evidence.” Morgan v. 

Anthony, 27 S.W.3d 928, 929 (Tex. 2000) (per curiam). Further, BANA 

emphasizes that the property was not sold at foreclosure and Smitherman continues

to live there, even though he has not made a mortgage payment since April 2011 or 

paid property taxes since 2010. Smitherman acknowledges that he has not paid the 

mortgage on the property since April 2011. He asserts, however, that he has been 

unable to sell the property because his attempts to sell the property “became 

impossible once [he] had to file this litigation to in fact protect this same home.” 

Smitherman fails to explain how his inability to sell a property in which he has 

3 Smitherman contends that summary judgment on his fraud claim was also improper. 

Smitherman did not include a claim for fraud in his live pleading, but BANA addressed fraud in 

its summary judgment motion. Smitherman has not asserted that fraud was tried by consent. See 

Tex. R. Civ. P. 67. Nonetheless, even if we were to consider this claim as tried by consent, lack 

of damages or injury would vitiate any claim of fraud. See, e.g., Aquaplex, Inc. v. Rancho La 

Valencia, Inc., 297 S.W.3d 768, 774 (Tex. 2009) (listing elements of fraud claim and equating 

injury with damages). 

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been living without having paid his mortgage or property taxes for several years 

constitutes evidence of damages. To the extent that Smitherman is alleging 

damages in the form of lost profits, he has failed to provide adequate evidence of 

such damages.4 See, e.g., Tex. Instruments, Inc. v. Teletron Energy Mgmt., Inc., 

877 S.W.2d 276, 278–79 (Tex. 1994) (explaining requisites for proof of damages 

of lost profits, including that they must be proven with “reasonable certainty”).

In short, Smitherman has not provided any competent summary judgment 

evidence of damages. Thus, the trial court did not err in granting BANA’s noevidence summary judgment motion on Smitherman’s claims.

5 Accordingly, we 

overrule Smitherman’s issues.

4 Smitherman averred in his affidavit that he had been attempting to sell his property 

when BANA initiated foreclosure proceedings against him. However, in his response to the noevidence portion of BANA’s summary judgment motion, he did not refer to this evidence. But,

he did refer to his affidavit in response to BANA’s assertion that he had no evidence of injury 

relative to his “fraud claim.” Thus, in an abundance of caution, we address this evidence on 

appeal. 

5 On appeal, Smitherman asserts that he is entitled to injunctive relief as follows: 

[BANA]’s entire argument as to why [Smitherman] was not entitled to injunctive 

relief is premised on its claim that [Smitherman] will not prevail on his breach of 

contract claim. The summary judgment evidence, however, showed that 

[Smitherman] will likely prevail on a breach of contract claim.

Such a conclusory argument, with no citations to authority or the record, constitutes briefing 

waiver. See Fox v. Alberto, No. 14-13-00007-CV, —S.W.3d—, 2014 WL 6998094, at *6 (Tex. 

App.—Houston [14th Dist.] Dec. 11, 2014, no pet. h.); Tex. R. App. P. 38.1(i). 

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CONCLUSION

We have overruled Smitherman’s appellate issues and affirm the trial court’s 

judgment.

/s/ Sharon McCally

Justice

Panel consists of Chief Justice Frost and Justices Boyce and McCally.

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