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[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 1230 Referred in Senate (RFS)]

<DOC>
116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 1230

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 16, 2020

     Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, 
                     Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT

 
  To amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 and other 
     laws to clarify appropriate standards for Federal employment 
     discrimination and retaliation claims, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Protecting Older Workers Against 
Discrimination Act''.

SEC. 2. STANDARDS OF PROOF.

    (a) Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967.--
            (1) Clarifying prohibition against impermissible 
        consideration of age in employment practices.--Section 4 of the 
        Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (29 U.S.C. 623) is 
        amended by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g)(1) Except as otherwise provided in this Act, an unlawful 
practice is established under this Act when the complaining party 
demonstrates that age or an activity protected by subsection (d) was a 
motivating factor for any practice, even though other factors also 
motivated the practice.
    ``(2) In establishing an unlawful practice under this Act, 
including under paragraph (1) or by any other method of proof, a 
complaining party--
            ``(A) may rely on any type or form of admissible evidence 
        and need only produce evidence sufficient for a reasonable 
        trier of fact to find that an unlawful practice occurred under 
        this Act; and
            ``(B) shall not be required to demonstrate that age or an 
        activity protected by subsection (d) was the sole cause of a 
        practice.''.
            (2) Remedies.--Section 7 of such Act (29 U.S.C. 626) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) in the first sentence, by striking 
                        ``The'' and inserting ``(1) The'';
                            (ii) in the third sentence, by striking 
                        ``Amounts'' and inserting the following:
    ``(2) Amounts'';
                            (iii) in the fifth sentence, by striking 
                        ``Before'' and inserting the following:
    ``(4) Before''; and
                            (iv) by inserting before paragraph (4), as 
                        designated by clause (iii) of this 
                        subparagraph, the following:
    ``(3) On a claim in which an individual demonstrates that age was a 
motivating factor for any employment practice, under section 4(g)(1), 
and a respondent demonstrates that the respondent would have taken the 
same action in the absence of the impermissible motivating factor, the 
court--
            ``(A) may grant declaratory relief, injunctive relief 
        (except as provided in subparagraph (B)), and attorney's fees 
        and costs demonstrated to be directly attributable only to the 
        pursuit of a claim under section 4(g)(1); and
            ``(B) shall not award damages or issue an order requiring 
        any admission, reinstatement, hiring, promotion, or payment.''; 
        and
                    (B) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ``Any'' and 
                inserting ``Subject to subsection (b)(3), any''.
            (3) Definitions.--Section 11 of such Act (29 U.S.C. 630) is 
        amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(m) The term `demonstrates' means meets the burdens of production 
and persuasion.''.
            (4) Federal employees.--Section 15 of such Act (29 U.S.C. 
        633a) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Sections 4(g) and 7(b)(3) shall apply to mixed motive claims 
(involving practices described in section 4(g)(1)) under this 
section.''.
    (b) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.--
            (1) Clarifying prohibition against impermissible 
        consideration of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin 
        in employment practices.--Section 703 of the Civil Rights Act 
        of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000e-2) is amended by striking subsection 
        (m) and inserting the following:
    ``(m) Except as otherwise provided in this title, an unlawful 
employment practice is established when the complaining party 
demonstrates that race, color, religion, sex, or national origin or an 
activity protected by section 704(a) was a motivating factor for any 
employment practice, even though other factors also motivated the 
practice.''.
            (2) Federal employees.--Section 717 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
        2000e-16) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Sections 703(m) and 706(g)(2)(B) shall apply to mixed motive 
cases (involving practices described in section 703(m)) under this 
section.''.
    (c) Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990.--
            (1) Definitions.--Section 101 of the Americans with 
        Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12111) is amended by adding 
        at the end the following:
            ``(11) Demonstrates.--The term `demonstrates' means meets 
        the burdens of production and persuasion.''.
            (2) Clarifying prohibition against impermissible 
        consideration of disability in employment practices.--Section 
        102 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 12112) is amended by adding at the 
        end the following:
    ``(e) Proof.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
        Act, a discriminatory practice is established under this Act 
        when the complaining party demonstrates that disability or an 
        activity protected by subsection (a) or (b) of section 503 was 
        a motivating factor for any employment practice, even though 
        other factors also motivated the practice.
            ``(2) Demonstration.--In establishing a discriminatory 
        practice under paragraph (1) or by any other method of proof, a 
        complaining party--
                    ``(A) may rely on any type or form of admissible 
                evidence and need only produce evidence sufficient for 
                a reasonable trier of fact to find that a 
                discriminatory practice occurred under this Act; and
                    ``(B) shall not be required to demonstrate that 
                disability or an activity protected by subsection (a) 
                or (b) of section 503 was the sole cause of an 
                employment practice.''.
            (3) Certain anti-retaliation claims.--Section 503(c) of 
        such Act (42 U.S.C. 12203(c)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``The remedies'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        remedies''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Certain anti-retaliation claims.--Section 107(c) 
        shall apply to claims under section 102(e)(1) with respect to 
        title I.''.
            (4) Remedies.--Section 107 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 12117) is 
        amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Discriminatory Motivating Factor.--On a claim in which an 
individual demonstrates that disability was a motivating factor for any 
employment practice, under section 102(e)(1), and a respondent 
demonstrates that the respondent would have taken the same action in 
the absence of the impermissible motivating factor, the court--
            ``(1) may grant declaratory relief, injunctive relief 
        (except as provided in paragraph (2)), and attorney's fees and 
        costs demonstrated to be directly attributable only to the 
        pursuit of a claim under section 102(e)(1); and
            ``(2) shall not award damages or issue an order requiring 
        any admission, reinstatement, hiring, promotion, or payment.''.
    (d) Rehabilitation Act of 1973.--
            (1) In general.--Sections 501(f), 503(d), and 504(d) of the 
        Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 791(f), 793(d), and 
        794(d)), are each amended by adding after ``title I of the 
        Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12111 et 
        seq.)'' the following: ``, including the standards of causation 
        or methods of proof applied under section 102(e) of that Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 12112(e)),''.
            (2) Federal employees.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        to section 501(f) shall be construed to apply to all employees 
        covered by section 501.

SEC. 3. APPLICATION.

    This Act, and the amendments made by this Act, shall apply to all 
claims pending on or after the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 4. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision or portion of a provision of this Act, an 
amendment or portion of an amendment made by this Act, or the 
application of any provision or portion thereof or amendment or portion 
thereof to particular persons or circumstances is held invalid or found 
to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, the amendments made 
by this Act, or the application of that provision or portion thereof or 
amendment or portion thereof to other persons or circumstances shall 
not be affected.

SEC. 5. REPORT BY GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE.

    Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Government Accountability Office shall submit to the Congress a 
report analyzing how the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 
investigates mixed motive age discrimination claims arising under the 
Acts amended by this Act, focusing on--
            (1) the ability of the Commission to meet the demands of 
        its workload under such Acts;
            (2) the plans of the Commission for investigating systemic 
        age discrimination in violation of such Acts;
            (3) the plans of the Commission for litigation under such 
        Acts; and
            (4) the options for improving the ability of the Commission 
        to respond to allegations of age discrimination in violation of 
        such Acts.

SEC. 6. STUDY AND REPORT TO CONGRESS.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Labor and the Equal Opportunity Employment Commission 
shall jointly conduct a study to determine the number of claims pending 
or filed, in addition to cases closed, by women who may have been 
adversely impacted by age discrimination as a motivating factor in 
workplace discrimination or employment termination. The Secretary of 
Labor and Chairman of the Commission shall jointly submit to the 
Congress, and make available to the public, a report that contains the 
results of the study, including recommendations for best practices to 
prevent and to combat gender and age discrimination as it relates to 
women in the workplace.

SEC. 7. REPORTS.

    For the 5-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Chairman of Equal Employment Opportunity Commission shall 
submit to the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
Pensions of the Senate a report at 1-year intervals on the number of 
age discrimination in employment claims brought under this Act with the 
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in the period for which such 
report is submitted.

SEC. 8. REPORT BY THE UNITED STATES COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS.

    (a) Report.--With funds appropriated in advance to carry out this 
section, and consistent with the operational and procedural 
requirements of the United States Commission on Civil Rights, the 
Commission shall submit to the appropriate committees of the Congress a 
report containing an analysis of the status of Federal mixed motive age 
discrimination in employment claims made against Federal agencies, 
including--
            (1) the number of such claims, specified by the Federal 
        agency against which such claims are made; and
            (2) other related information the Commission determines to 
        be appropriate.
    (b) Submission of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted not later that 5 years after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

            Passed the House of Representatives January 15, 2020.

            Attest:

                                             CHERYL L. JOHNSON,

                                                                 Clerk.
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