### Appendix F. ECOTOX Bibliography (ECOTOX Queries: May 2010, January 2005)

Explanation of OPP Acceptability Criteria and Rejection Codes for ECOTOX Data

Studies located and coded into ECOTOX must meet acceptability criteria, as established in the Interim Guidance of the Evaluation Criteria for Ecological Toxicity Data in the Open Literature,
Phase I and II , Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. E nvironmental Protection Agency, July 16,
2004. Studies that do not meet thes e criteria are designated in th e bibliography as “Accepted for ECOTOX but not OPP.” The intent of the acceptabil ity criteria is to ensure data quality and verifiability. The criteria parallel criteria used in evaluating registrant-submitted studies. Specific criteria are listed below, along with the co rresponding rejection code.

• The paper does not report toxicology inform ation for a chemical of concern to OPP; (Rejection Code: NO COC)

• The article is not published in Englis h language; (Rejection Code: NO FOREIGN)

• The study is not presented as a full article. Abstracts will not be considered; (Rejection Code: NO ABSTRACT)

• The paper is not publicly available do cument; (Rejection C ode: NO NOT PUBLIC (typically not used, as any paper acquire d from the ECOTOX holding or through the literature search is considered public)

• The paper is not the primary source of the data; (Rejection Code: NO REVIEW)

• The paper does not report that treatment(s) were compared to an acceptable control; (Rejection Code: NO CONTROL)

• The paper does not report an explicit duration of exposure; (Rejection Code: NO DURATION)

• The paper does not report a concurrent e nvironmental chemical concentration/dose or application rate; (Rejection Code: NO CONC)

• The paper does not report the location of th e study (e.g., laboratory vs. field); (Rejection Code: NO LOCATION)

• The paper does not report a biological e ffect on live, whole organisms; (Rejection Code: NO IN-VITRO)

• The paper does not report the species that wa s tested; and this spec ies can be verified in a reliable source; (R ejection Code: NO SPECIES)

• The paper does not report effects associ ated with exposure to a single chemical. (Rejection Code: NO MIXTURE). It should be noted that all papers including data on pesticide mixtures are considered.

Additionally, efficacy studies on target spec ies are excluded and coded as NO TARGET.

Data that originated from the OPP Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database is coded as NO EFED. These data are already available to the chemical team.

### CHLOROPHACINONE (only) – January 2005 Papers that Were Accepted for ECOTOX

ECOTOX and OPP

1. Byers, R. E. and Carbaugh, D. H. (1987). Efficacy of Rodenticides fo r Control of Orchard Voles.

J.Am.Soc.Hortic.Sci. 112: 267-272.

EcoReference No.: 75393 Chemical of Concern: BDL,BDP,CPC,DPC,CLC,ZnP; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,BEH.

2. Byers, R. E. and Carbaugh, D. H. (1991). Rodenticides for the Control of Pine and Meadow Voles in
Orchards. J.Environ.Hortic. 9: 167-172.

EcoReference No.: 75474 Chemical of Concern: BDL,DFT,DPC,CPC,CLC,ZnP,OXT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : BEH,MOR,POP.

3. Byers, R. E. and Carbaugh, D. H. (1989). Vole Population Shifts Related to Rodenticide Usage. Hortscience
24: 783-785.

EcoReference No.: 75463 Chemical of Concern: CPC,ZnP,CLC,BDL; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP.

4. Merson, M. H. and Byers, R. E. (1985). Weathering and the Field Efficacy of Pelletized Rodenticide Baits
in Orchards. Crop Prot. 4: 511-519.

EcoReference No.: 75532 Chemical of Concern: PVL,BDF,BDL,DPC,CPC,ZnP; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,MOR,BEH.

5. Radvanyi, A., Weaver, P., Massari, C., Bird, D., and Broughton, E. (1988). Effects of Chlorophacinone on Captive Kestrels. Bull.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 41: 441-448.

EcoReference No.: 39765 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : GRO,MOR,PHY.

6. Tuyttens, F. A. M. and Stuyck, J. J. J. M. (2002). Effectiveness and Efficiency of Chlorophacinone Poisoning for the Control of Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) Populations. N.Z.J.Zool. 29: 33-40.

EcoReference No.: 75541 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR.

ECOTOX only

1. Arjo, W. M. and Nolte, D. L. (2004). Assessing the Efficacy of Regist ered Underground Baiting Products for Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa) Control. Crop Prot. 23: 425-430.

EcoReference No.: 75340 Chemical of Concern: CPC,ZnP,STCH,DPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR.

2. Askham, L. R. (1985). Effectiveness of Two Anticoagulant Rodenticides (Chlorophacinone and Bromadiolone) for Columbian Ground Squirrel ( Spermophilus columbianus) Control in Eastern Washington. Crop Prot. 4: 365-371.

EcoReference No.: 75482Chemical of Concern: BDL,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR.

3. Askham, L. R. and Poche, R. M. (1992). Biodeterioration of Chlorophacinone in Voles, Hawks and an Owl.
Mammalia 56: 145-150.

EcoReference No.: 73126 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : GRO,BEH,ACC.

4. Byers, R. E. and Carbaugh, D. H. (1987). Bait Shyness of Pine Voles to Zinc Phosphide and Anticoagulants
Stored with Pesticides. Hortscience 22: 239-241.

EcoReference No.: 75534 Chemical of Concern: BDF,CPC,ZnP; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR,BEH.

5. Marsh, R. E., Howard, W. E., , W. E., and Cole, R. E. (1977). The Toxicity of Chlorophacinone and Diphacinone to Deer Mice. J.Wildl.Manag. 41: 298-301.

EcoReference No.: 35337 Chemical of Concern: DPC,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR.

6. Mathur, R. P. and Prakash, I. (1980). Laboratory Evaluation of Anticoagulant-Treated Baits for Control of the Northern Palm Squirrel, Funa mbulus pennanti Wroughton. J.Hyg. 85: 421-426.

EcoReference No.: 37842 Chemical of Concern: WFN,CPC,BDF; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR.

7. Mathur, R. P. and Prakash, I. (1984). Reduction in Population of Indian Desert Rodents with Anticoagulant
Rodenticides. Proc.Indian Acad.Sci.Anim.Sci. 93: 585-589.

EcoReference No.: 75442 Chemical of Concern: BDF,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP.

8. NGAZIZAH, Idris, A. G., SHAMSIAH, M., Nasir, M. K., and RADZI, H. (1993). The Palatability of Three Type Anticoagulant Rodenticides to Ri ce Field Rats (Rattus argentiventer). Malays.Agric.J. 54: 195-199.

EcoReference No.: 75437 Chemical of Concern: BDF,CPC,WFN; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : BEH,MOR.

9. Office of Pesticide Programs (2000). Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (Formerly: Environmental Effects Database (EEDB)). Environmental Fate and Effects Di vision, U.S.EPA, Washington, D.C.

EcoReference No.: 344 User Define 2: REPS,WASH,CALF,CORE,SENT
Chemical of Concern: 24DXY,ACL,ACP,ACR,AQS,ATZ,AZ, BDF,BMC,BML,BMN,BS,BT,Captan,CBF,CBL,CFE,CFE,CLNB,CM PH,CPC,CPY,CTN,CTZ,Cu,CuO,CuS,CYD,CYF,CYP,CYT,DBN,DCNA,DFT,DFZ,DM,DMB,DMM,DMP,D MT,DOD,DPC,DPDP,DS,DU,DZ,DZM,EFL,EFS,EFV,EP,FHX,FMP,FO,Folpet,FPP,FVL,GYP,HCCH,HXZ,I PD,IZP,LNR,MAL,MB,MBZ,MDT,MFX,MFZ,MGK, MLN,MLT,MOM,MP,MTC,MTL,MTM,NAA,Naled,N FZ,NPP,NTP,OXF,OXT,OYZ,PDM,PEB,PHMD,PMR,PM T,PNB,PPB,PPG,PPMH,PQT,PRB,PRT,PSM,PYN, PYZ,RTN,SMM,SMT,SS,SXD,SZ,TBC,TDC,TD Z,TET,TFN,TFR,TMT,TPR,TRB,WFN,ZnP; Habitat : AT;
Effect Codes : MOR,POP,PHY,GRO,REP.

10. Pelz, H. J. and Gemmeke, H. (1988). Methods to Control the Two Forms of Arvicola terrestris in Orchards in the Federal Republic of Germany. Bull.OEPP (Org.Eur.Medit.Prot.Plant) 18: 435-439.

EcoReference No.: 75487Chemical of Concern: BDL,CPC,CLC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : BEH.

11. Schafer, E. W. and Bowles, W. A. (1985). Acute Oral Toxicity and Repell ency of 933 Chemicals to House
and Deer Mice. Arch.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 14: 111-129.

EcoReference No.: 35426 User Define 2: REPS,CORE,SENT Chemical of Concern: ADC,CST, MOM,CPC,ZnP,DOD,MLN,Cu,AQS; Habitat : T; Effect Codes :

CHLOROPHACINONE Papers that Were Excluded from ECOTOX

1. Arends, J. J. and Robertson, S. H. (1986). Integrated Pest Management for Poultry Production: Implementation Through Integrated Poultry Companies. Poult.Sci. 65: 675-682.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,DPC,CPC,WFN,BDL,CLC,BML; Rejection Code : NO
CONC/NO DURATION.

2. Arjo, Wendy M. and Nolte, D. L. Dale L. (2004). Assessing the efficacy of registered underground baiting products for mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) control. Crop Protection 23: 425-430.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: ZnP; Rejection Code : INCIDENT. The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a fossorial rodent species endemic to the Pacific Northwest and portions of California. This herbivor e inflicts millions of dollars of damage annually to forest seedling plantations. Currently, extensive trapping prior to planting is the most reliable method for reducing damage. With increasing restrictions placed on trapping, forest resour ce managers need alternative tools to minimize forest damage. This study assessed the potential of four toxicants registered for underground use to control mountain beaver; zinc phosphide, diphacinone, chlorophacinone, and strychnine. Zinc phosphide and strychnine are acute toxicants, wher eas diphacinone and chlorophacinone are anticoagulants. Anticoagulants prevent the recycling of vitamin K in the body, which inhibits the production of clotting factors. Efficacy varied among treatments. Zinc ph osphide and strychnine were avoi ded by mountain beaver. Pre-baiting marginally increased acceptance of strychnine, but did not alter mountain beaver acceptance of zinc phosphide. Diphacinone and chlorophacinone were both readily consumed, but only chlorophacinone was 100% effective after a 14-day baiting regime. Subsequently , we tested the effects of diet on the efficacy of diphacinone by varying the availability of food containing vitamin K, the anticoagulant antidote. Restricting access to potential sources of vitamin K appeared to increase efficacy. We conclude that anticoagulants hold some promise as additional tools for managers to reduce mountain beaver populations with chlorophacinone showing the most promise. However, limitations to anticoagulant baits include the necessity of long-term baiting (greater than 10 days), a po ssible decrease in toxicity if baits contact moisture, and potential primary
hazards.

3. Arjo, Wendy M. and Nolte, D. L. Dale L. (2004). Assessing the efficacy of registered underground baiting products for mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) control. Crop Protection 23: 425-430.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : INCIDENT. The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a fossorial rodent species endemic to the Pacific Northwest and portions of California. This herbivor e inflicts millions of dollars of damage annually to forest seedling plantations. Currently, extensive trapping prior to planting is the most reliable method for reducing damage. With increasing restrictions placed on trapping, forest resour ce managers need alternative tools to minimize forest damage. This study assessed the potential of four toxicants registered for underground use to controlmountain beaver; zinc phosphide, diphacinone, chlorophacinone, and strychnine. Zinc phosphide and strychnine are acute toxicants, wher eas diphacinone and chlorophacinone are anticoagulants. Anticoagulants prevent the recycling of vitamin K in the body, which inhibits the production of clotting factors. Efficacy varied among treatments. Zinc ph osphide and strychnine were avoi ded by mountain beaver. Pre-baiting marginally increased acceptance of strychnine, but did not alter mountain beaver acceptance of zinc phosphide. Diphacinone and chlorophacinone were both readily consumed, but only chlorophacinone was 100% effective after a 14-day baiting regime. Subsequently , we tested the effects of diet on the efficacy of diphacinone by varying the availability of food containing vitamin K, the anticoagulant antidote. Restricting access to potential sources of vitamin K appeared to increase efficacy. We conclude that anticoagulants hold some promise as additional tools for managers to reduce mountain beaver populations with chlorophacinone showing the most promise. However, limitations to anticoagulant baits include the necessity of long-term baiting (greater than 10 days), a po ssible decrease in toxicity if baits contact moisture, and potential primary
hazards.

4. Arjo, Wendy M. and Nolte, D. L. Dale L. (2004). Assessing the efficacy of registered underground baiting products for mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) control. Crop Protection 23: 425-430.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : INCIDENT. The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a fossorial rodent species endemic to the Pacific Northwest and portions of California. This herbivor e inflicts millions of dollars of damage annually to forest seedling plantations. Currently, extensive trapping prior to planting is the most reliable method for reducing damage. With increasing restrictions placed on trapping, forest resour ce managers need alternative tools to minimize forest damage. This study assessed the potential of four toxicants registered for underground use to control mountain beaver; zinc phosphide, diphacinone, chlorophacinone, and strychnine. Zinc phosphide and strychnine are acute toxicants, wher eas diphacinone and chlorophacinone are anticoagulants. Anticoagulants prevent the recycling of vitamin K in the body, which inhibits the production of clotting factors. Efficacy varied among treatments. Zinc ph osphide and strychnine were avoi ded by mountain beaver. Pre-baiting marginally increased acceptance of strychnine, but did not alter mountain beaver acceptance of zinc phosphide. Diphacinone and chlorophacinone were both readily consumed, but only chlorophacinone was 100% effective after a 14-day baiting regime. Subsequently , we tested the effects of diet on the efficacy of diphacinone by varying the availability of food containing vitamin K, the anticoagulant antidote. Restricting access to potential sources of vitamin K appeared to increase efficacy. We conclude that anticoagulants hold some promise as additional tools for managers to reduce mountain beaver populations with chlorophacinone showing the most promise. However, limitations to anticoagulant baits include the necessity of long-term baiting (greater than 10 days), a po ssible decrease in toxicity if baits contact moisture, and potential primary
hazards.

5. Arjo, Wendy M. and Nolte, D. L. Dale L. (2004). Assessing the efficacy of registered underground baiting products for mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) control. Crop Protection 23: 425-430.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: DPC; Rejection Code : INCIDENT. The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a fossorial rodent species endemic to the Pacific Northwest and portions of California. This herbivor e inflicts millions of dollars of damage annually to forest seedling plantations. Currently, extensive trapping prior to planting is the most reliable method for reducing damage. With increasing restrictions placed on trapping, forest resour ce managers need alternative tools to minimize forest damage. This study assessed the potential of four toxicants registered for underground use to control mountain beaver; zinc phosphide, diphacinone, chlorophacinone, and strychnine. Zinc phosphide and strychnine are acute toxicants, wher eas diphacinone and chlorophacinone are anticoagulants. Anticoagulants prevent the recycling of vitamin K in the body, which inhibits the production of clotting factors. Efficacy varied among treatments. Zinc ph osphide and strychnine were avoi ded by mountain beaver. Pre-baiting marginally increased acceptance of strychnine, but did not alter mountain beaver acceptance of zinc phosphide. Diphacinone and chlorophacinone were both readily consumed, but only chlorophacinone was 100% effective after a 14-day baiting regime. Subsequently , we tested the effects of diet on the efficacy of diphacinone by varying the availability of food containing vitamin K, the anticoagulant antidote. Restricting access to potential sources of vitamin K appeared to increase efficacy. We conclude that anticoagulants hold some promise as additional tools for managers to reduce mountain beaver populations with chlorophacinoneshowing the most promise. However, limitations to anticoagulant baits include the necessity of long-term baiting (greater than 10 days), a po ssible decrease in toxicity if baits contact moisture, and potential primary
hazards.

6. ASKHAM LR (1985). MECHANICAL EVALUATION OF THE WEATHERABILITY OF
PELLETIZED RODENTICIDES. INT PEST CONTROL; 27 (6). 1985 (RECD. 1986). 138-140.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,BDC,DPC,CPC,ZNP; Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BAIT FO RMULATION Climate/ Ecology/ Meteorological Factors/ Animals, Wild/ Conservatio n of Natural Resources/ Ecology/ Biochemistry/ Poisoning/ Animals, Laboratory/ Disinfection/ Pest Control/ Disease Vector s/ Pesticides/ Disease Vectors/ Herbicides/ Pest
Control/ Pesticides

7. Bennett, B. R. and Grimes, G. S. (1982). Reverse Phase Liquid Chroma tographic Determination of Chlorophacinone and Diphacinone in Bait Formulations. J.Assoc.Off.Anal.Chem. 65: 927-929.

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 35801 Chemical of Concern: DPC,CPC; Rejection Code : NO SPECIES.

8. BUCKLE AP (1994). RODENT CONTROL METHODS CHEMICAL. BUCKLE, A. P. AND R. H. SMITH (ED.). RODENT PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL. X+405P. CAB INTERNATIONAL: WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND, UK. ISBN 0-85198-820-2.; 0 127-160.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,BDL,DPC,CPC,WFN,ZNP,DFT ; Rejection Code : METHODS.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BO OK CHAPTER RODENTICIDE POISON BAIT ANTICOAGULANT FUMIGANT Animals, Wild/ Cons ervation of Natural Resources/ Ecology/ Biochemistry/ Poisoning/ Animals, Laboratory/ Herb icides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides/ Mammals/ Rodentia

9. BUCKLE AP (1994). RODENT CONTROL METHODS CHEMICAL. BUCKLE, A. P. AND R. H. SMITH (ED.). RODENT PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL. X+405P. CAB INTERNATIONAL: WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND, UK. ISBN 0-85198-820-2.; 0 127-160.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,BDL,DPC,CPC,WFN,ZNP,DFT ; Rejection Code : METHODS.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BO OK CHAPTER RODENTICIDE POISON BAIT ANTICOAGULANT FUMIGANT Animals, Wild/ Cons ervation of Natural Resources/ Ecology/ Biochemistry/ Poisoning/ Animals, Laboratory/ Herb icides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides/ Mammals/ Rodentia

10. Bullard, R. W., Holguin, G., and Peterson, J. E. (1975). Determination of Chlorophacinone and Diphenadione Residues in Biological Materials. J.Agric.Food Chem. 23: 72-74.

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 36003 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : IN VITRO.

11. Bullard, R. W., Holguin, G., and Peterson, J. E. (1975). Determination of Chlorophacinone and Diphenadione Residues in Biological Materials. J.Agric.Food Chem. 23: 72-74.

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 36003 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : IN VITRO.

12. Chardard, D. and Dournon, C. (1999). Sex reversal by aromatase inhibitor treatment in the newt

Pleurodeles waltl. J Exp Zool 283: 43-50.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : NO TOXICANT. CAS Registry Number EC-1-14-13-- (Aromatase); 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Estrogen Antagonists); 0 (Estrogens); 102676-47-1 (Fadrozole); 22916-47-8 (Micon azole). Pleurodeles waltl is a newt with a ZZ maleZW female sex determination mechanism, and a temp erature-sensitive gonadal sex differentiation. Raisinglarvae at 32 degrees C from stage 42 to stage 54 (thermosensitive period) drives genetic females to differentiate into functional males. Estrogens are intima tely linked with temperature action in this species, as well as in other vertebrates with temperature-dependent sex determination. We report here the
masculinization of female ZW larvae and one WW la rva by aromatase inhibitor treatment. Larvae were treated from stage 52 (before the onset of histological differentiation of the gonads) to stage 56 (metamorphosis), with the non-steroidal inhibitors fadrozole or miconazole. Miconazole proved to be very toxic, but not fadrozole. Fadrozole at a concentration of 300 micrograms/l in the rearing water resulted in complete sex reversal of 9 out of 30 ZW larvae and 1 out 9 WW larvae. Only one individual (ZW) was intersex, all the remainder being typical females. Gonadal aromatase activity was measured in several individuals at different developmental stages during treatment. The activity was low in all individuals at the beginning of the treatment, but varied strongly and was well correlated with gonadal structure at the end of the treatment. Despite these differences in individual responses to treatment inhibiting aromatase, results confirm the important role of estrogens in ovary differentiation in Pleurodeles waltl

13. Chardard, D. and Dournon, C. (1999). Sex reversal by aromatase inhibitor treatment in the newt

Pleurodeles waltl. J Exp Zool 283: 43-50.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : NO TOXICANT. CAS Registry Number EC-1-14-13-- (Aromatase); 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Estrogen Antagonists); 0 (Estrogens); 102676-47-1 (Fadrozole); 22916-47-8 (Micon azole). Pleurodeles waltl is a newt with a ZZ maleZW female sex determination mechanism, and a temp erature-sensitive gonadal sex differentiation. Raising larvae at 32 degrees C from stage 42 to stage 54 (thermosensitive period) drives genetic females to differentiate into functional males. Estrogens are intima tely linked with temperature action in this species, as well as in other vertebrates with temperature-dependent sex determination. We report here the
masculinization of female ZW larvae and one WW la rva by aromatase inhibitor treatment. Larvae were treated from stage 52 (before the onset of histological differentiation of the gonads) to stage 56 (metamorphosis), with the non-steroidal inhibitors fadrozole or miconazole. Miconazole proved to be very toxic, but not fadrozole. Fadrozole at a concentration of 300 micrograms/l in the rearing water resulted in complete sex reversal of 9 out of 30 ZW larvae and 1 out 9 WW larvae. Only one individual (ZW) was intersex, all the remainder being typical females. Gonadal aromatase activity was measured in several individuals at different developmental stages during treatment. The activity was low in all individuals at the beginning of the treatment, but varied strongly and was well correlated with gonadal structure at the end of the treatment. Despite these differences in individual responses to treatment inhibiting aromatase, results confirm the important role of estrogens in ovary differentiation in Pleurodeles waltl

14. Dijkman, G. A., Fernandez, del Moral, Bruynseels, J., de Porre, P., Denis, L., and Debruyne, F. M. (1997). Liarozole (R75251) in hormone-resistant prostate cancer patients. Prostate 33: 31.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : DRUG/HUMAN HEALTH. CAS Registry Number EC-3-4-21-77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen); 0 (A ntineoplastic Agents, Hormonal); 0 (Hormones); 0 (Imidazoles); 115575-11-6 (liarozole). BACKGROUND: Liarozole is an imidazole derivative that has been identified as an inhibitor of the cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans retinoid acid (RA) breakdown. RA is one of the principal endogenous compounds that controls growth and differentiation of epithelial tissues in mammals. METHODS: Fifty-five patients with hormone-resistant prostate cancer in progression, following at least first-line androgen ablatio n therapy, were evaluated. Thirty-one patients were treated with liarozole 300 mg b.i.d., while 24 patients st arted with 150 mg b.i.d., which was increased to 300 mg b.i.d. after 4 or 8 weeks. Two patients were not ev aluable because they withdrew after initial consent. The WHO performance status was 0 (n = 18), 1 (n = 22), 2 (n = 17), and 3 (n = 6). Most patients (80%) used analgesics. RESULTS: For 11 out of the 53 patients, treatment lasted less than 1 month (they were therefore not evaluable for response) due to: poor compliance (n = 1); early death (n = 3); side-effects (n = 2); and decline of physical condition and continuous progression (n = 4). One patient refused to report for follow-up. In all responders, except one, the dose was increased to 300 mg b.i.d. In 23 of the 42 patients evaluable for response, the pain score improved. In 5 patients the pain score had reduced from 2 or 3 to 0. In 11 out of the 42 patients there was a 1-point improvement of WHO performance status. The prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) response rate was 41%; 15 out of 42 evaluable patients presented a decrease of > or = 50%, whereas PSA normalized in 2 further patients. Most of the side effects mimicked retinoid acid toxicity: cutaneousmanifestations (such as dry skin, dry lips, sticky skin , brittle nails, erythema, or itch). All patients experienced
one or more of these side effects. Other side e ffects include nausea, fatigue, and slight alopecia.
CONCLUSIONS: Liarozole can be an enrichment of the therapeutic armament arium for treatment of hormone-resistant prostate cancer patients after first- line androgen ablation therapy without serious toxicity

15. ELLIOTT AC (1995). RODENTICIDES. GODFREY, C. R. A. (ED.). AGROCHEMICALS FROM NATURAL PRODUCTS. X+418P. MARCEL DEKKER, INC.: NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA; BASEL,
SWITZERLAND. ISBN 0-8247-9553-9.; 0: 341-368.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,BDL,DPC,CPC,WRN,ZPN,CLC ; Rejection Code : REVIEW.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BO OK CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW NATURAL PRODUCT Biochemistry/ Biophysics/ Macromolecular Systems/ Molecular Biology/ Biophysics/ Plants/Chemistry/ Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides/ Rodentia

16. ELLIOTT AC (1995). RODENTICIDES. GODFREY, C. R. A. (ED.). AGROCHEMICALS FROM NATURAL PRODUCTS. X+418P. MARCEL DEKKER, INC.: NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA; BASEL,
SWITZERLAND. ISBN 0-8247-9553-9.; 0: 341-368.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,BDL,DPC,CPC,WRN,ZPN,CLC ; Rejection Code : REVIEW.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BO OK CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW NATURAL PRODUCT Biochemistry/ Biophysics/ Macromolecular Systems/ Molecular Biology/ Biophysics/ Plants/Chemistry/ Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides/ Rodentia

17. Fiedler, L. A. (1988). Rodent Pest Problems and Management in Eastern Africa. FAO Plant Prot.Bull.
36: 125-134.

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 75721 Chemical of Concern: BDF,Tl,NaFA,ZnP,WFN,CPC,RSG; Rejection Code : REVIEW.

18. Fiedler, L. A. (1988). Rodent Pest Problems and Management in Eastern Africa. FAO Plant Prot.Bull.
36: 125-134.

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 75721 Chemical of Concern: BDF,Tl,NaFA,ZnP,WFN,CPC,RSG; Rejection Code : REVIEW.

19. Fiedler, L. A. (1988). Rodent Pest Problems and Management in Eastern Africa. FAO Plant Prot.Bull.
36: 125-134.

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 75721 Chemical of Concern: BDF,Tl,NaFA,ZnP,WFN,CPC,RSG; Rejection Code : REVIEW.

20. Fiedler, L. A. (1988). Rodent Pest Problems and Management in Eastern Africa. FAO Plant Prot.Bull.
36: 125-134.

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 75721 Chemical of Concern: BDF,Tl,NaFA,ZnP,WFN,CPC,RSG; Rejection Code : REVIEW.

21. GORNIK, A. and BILITSER, N. (1992). OBSERVATION OF TREATMENTS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SILVER SPOTS AND VIRUSES IN SQUASH. PHYTOPARASITICA; 20: 243.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : ABSTRACT.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM AB STRACT BEMISIA-TABACI FENPROPATHRIN
ENDOSULFAN VIROL OIL KARATE VECTOR CONTRO L Congresses/ Biology/ Biochemistry/ Plant Viruses/ Vegetables/ Plant Diseases/ Viruses/ Plant Diseases/ Preventive Medicine/ Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides/ Arachnida/ Entomology/Economics/ Plants/ Plant Viruses/ Plants/ Insects22. GORNIK, A. and BILITSER, N. (1992). OBSERVATION OF TREATMENTS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SILVER SPOTS AND VIRUSES IN SQUASH. PHYTOPARASITICA; 20: 243.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : ABSTRACT.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM AB STRACT BEMISIA-TABACI FENPROPATHRIN
ENDOSULFAN VIROL OIL KARATE VECTOR CONTRO L Congresses/ Biology/ Biochemistry/ Plant Viruses/ Vegetables/ Plant Diseases/ Viruses/ Plant Diseases/ Preventive Medicine/ Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides/ Arachnida/ Entomology/Economics/ Plants/ Plant Viruses/ Plants/ Insects

23. Grolleau, G. and Paris, G. (1975). Essais d'Intoxication du Canard Col-Vert Anas platyrhynchos L. a
l'Aide du Coumafene et du Chlorophacinone. Ann.Zool.-Ecol.Anim. 7: 553-556.

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 36889 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : NON-ENGLISH.

24. Hoffmann, Michael P., Gardner, Jeffrey, and Curtis, Paul D (20031023). Fiber-supported pesticidal compositions. 41 pp.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: SPM,BDL; Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA. The invention provides fibrous pest deterrents that comb ine the useful properties of a phys. barrier in the form of a nonwoven fibrous matrix with a chem. deterrent such as a pesticide, behavior-modifying compd. or a pest repellent. The use of such fibrous pest deterrents pr otects plants, animals and structures in both agriculturaland nonagricultural settings from damage inflicted by pests. Unlike traditional pesticides, the behaviormodifying compd., pesticide or chem. deterrent of the in vention is adsorbed or attached to a fibrous matrix, and so it is not so readily dispersed into the environmen t. Hence, use of the fibrous pest deterrents can reduce the levels of pesticides that inadvertently contam inate nontarget areas and pollute water supplies. [on SciFinder (R)] fiber/ supported/ pesticide/ compn Copyright: Copyright 2004 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Database: CAPLUS
Accession Number: AN 2003:836400
Chemical Abstracts Number: CAN 139:318718
Section Code: 5-4 Section Title: Agrochemical Bioregulators
Coden: USXXCO Index Terms: Glycols Role: MOA (Modif ier or additive use), USES (Uses) (alyplastic, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyester fibers Role : MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (arom.; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Naphthenic acids Role: BUU (Biological use,unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (copper salts, mammal repellent; fiber-supported pestbehavior-modifying compn.); Anethum graveolens; Ins ect attractants; Insect f eeding inhibitors; Insect repellents; Nepeta cataria; Piper; Repellents; Zingiber officinale (fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Allomones; Kairomones; Monoterpenes; Phenols; Pheromones Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Bacillus thuringiensis; Pesticides; Quassia; Schoenocaulon (fiber-supported pesticidal compn.); Pyrethrins Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Bio logical study), USES (Uses) (fiber-supported pesticidal compn.); Fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additiv e use), USES (Uses) (f iber-supported pesticidal compn.); Albumins; Collagens; Gelatins; Neoprene rubber; Ovalbumin; Polyamides; Polyanhydrides; Polycarbonates; Polyoxyalkylenes; Polysiloxanes; Po lyurethane fibers; Rayon Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyesters Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (U ses) (glycolide-based, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyesters Role: MOA (Modifier or additive us e), USES (Uses) (hydroxycarboxylic acid-based, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Po lyesters Role: MOA (Modifie r or additive use), USES (Uses) (lactide, fiber; support for pest-behavior- modifying compn.); Capsicum annuum annuum (longum group, paprika; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Capsicum annuum annuum (longum group; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyethers Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (polyamide-, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Synthetic polymeric fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use) , USES (Uses) (polyamide-polyethers; support for pest-behaviormodifying compn.); Synthetic polymeric fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses)(polycarbonates; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyamide fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (polye ther-; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Aves (repellents;fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Insecticides (sterilants; fiber-supported pest-behaviormodifying compn.); Polyester fibers; Polyolefin fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additiv e use), USES (Uses) (support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Naphthenic acids Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (zinc salts, mammal repellent; fiber-supported pest-behaviormodifying compn.) CAS Registry Numbers: 84-65-1 (Anthraquinone); 137-30-4 (Ziram.); 333-41-5 (Diazinon); 1332-40-7 (Copper oxychloride); 2032-65-7 (Methiocarb); 12407-86-2 (Trimeth acarb); 15879-93-3 (Chloralose); 108173-90-6 (Guazatine) Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (bird repellent; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 57-50-1D (Sugar); 58-08-2 (, Caffein); 404-86-4 (Capsaicin) Role: BUU (Biological use, uncla ssified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 50-14-6 (> Ergocalciferol); 50-29-3 (DDT); 52-68-6 (Trichlorfon); 52-85-7 (Famphur); 54-11-5 (Nicotine); 55-38-9 (Fenthion); 55-98-1 (Busulfan); 56-23-5 (Carbon tetrachloride); 56-38-2 (Parathion); 56-72-4 (Coumaphos); 56-75-7 (Chloramphenicol); 57-24-9 (Strychnine); 58-89-9 (Lindane); 60-51-5 (Dimethoate); 60-57-1 (Dieldrin); 62-73-7 (Dichlorvos); 62-74-8 (Sodium fluoroacetate); 63-25-2 (Carba ryl); 67-66-3 (Chloroform); 70-38-2 (Dimethrin); 70-43-9 (Barthrin); 71-55-6 (Methylchloroform); 72-43-5 (Methoxychlor); 74-83-9 (Methyl bromide); 74-90-8 (Hydrogen cyanide); 75-09-2 (Methylene chloride); 75-21-8 (Ethylene oxide); 76-06-2 (,Chloropicrin); 76-44-8 (Heptachlor); 78-34-2 (Dioxathion); 78-53-5 (Amiton); 78-57-9 (Menazon); 78-87-5 (1,2-Dichloropropane); 79-34-5 (Tetrachloroethane); 80-05-7 (Bisphenol A); 81-81-2 (Warfarin); 81-82-3 (Coumachlor); 82-66-6 (Diphacinone); 83-26-1 (Pindone); 83-79-4 (Rotenone); 85-34-7 (Chlorfenac); 86-50-0 (Azinphosmethyl); 86-88-4 (Antu); 87-86-5 (Pentachlorophenol); 91-20-3 (Naphthalene); 96-24-2 (a-Chlorohydrin); 97-11-0 (Cyclethrin); 97-17-6 (Dichlofenthion); 97-27-8 (Chlorbetamide); 104-29-0 (Chlorphenesin); 106-46-7 (Paradichlorobenzene); 106-93-4 (Ethylene Dibromide); 107-06-2 (Ethylene dichloride); 107-13-1 (Acrylonitrile); 109-94-4 (Ethyl formate); 114-26-1 (Propoxur); 115-90-2 (Fensulfothion); 115-93-5 (Cythioate); 116-01-8 (Ethoatemethyl); 116-06-3 (Aldicarb); 118-75-2 (Chloranil); 119-12-0 (Pyridaphenthion); 121-20-0 (Cinerin II); 121-21-1 (Pyrethrin I); 121-29-9 (Pyrethrin II); 121-75-5 (Malathion); 122-14-5 (Fenitrothion); 122-15-6 (Dimetan); 126-22-7 (Butonate); 126-75-0 (Demeton-S); 131-89-5 (Dinex); 133-06-2 (Captan); 133-90-4 (,Chloramben); 141-66-2 (Dicrotophos); 143-50-0 (Chlordecone); 144-41-2 (Morphothion); 152-16-9 (Schradan); 288-14-2 (Isoxazole); 298-00-0 (Parathionmethyl); 298-02-2 (Phorate); 298-03-3 (Demeton-O); 298-04-4 (Disulfoton); 299-84-3 (Fenchlorphos); 299-86-5 (Crufomate); 300-76-5 (Naled); 301-12-2 (Oxydemetonmethyl); 302-04-5 (Thiocyanate); 309-00-2 (Aldrin); 314-40-9 (Bromacil); 315-18-4 (Mexacarbate); 327-98-0 (Trichloronat); 333-20-0 (Potassium thiocyanate); 370-50-3 (Flucofuron); 371-86-8 (Mipafox); 470-90-6 (Chlorfenvinphos); 483-63-6 (Crotamiton); 485-31-4 (Binapacryl); 494-52-0 (Anabasine); 500-28-7 (Chlorothion.); 507-60-8 (Scilliroside); 535-89-7 (Crimidine); 555-89-5 (Bis(p -chlorophenoxy)methane); 56 3-12-2 (Ethion); 572-48-5 (Coumithoate); 584-79-2 (Bioalle thrin); 640-15-3 (Thiometon); 64 0-19-7 (Fluoroacetamide); 644-06-4 (Precocene II); 644-64-4 (Dimetilan); 671-04-5 (Carbanolate); 682-80-4 (Demephion-O); 732-11-6 (Phosmet); 786-19-6 (Carbophenothion); 867-27-6 (Demeton-O-methyl); 919-54-0 (Acethion); 919-76-6 (Amidithion); 919-86-8 (Demeton-S-methyl); 944-22-9 (FOnofos); 947-02-4 (Phosfolan); 950-10-7 (Mephosfolan); 950-37-8 (Methidathion); 991-42-4 (Norbormide); 1113-02-6 (Omethoate); 1129-41-5 (Metolcarb); 1172-63-0 (Jasmolin II); 1303-96-4 (Borax); 1314-84-7 (Zinc phosphide); 1327-53-3 (Arsenous oxide); 1344-81-6 (Calcium Polysulfide); 1403-17-4 (Candicidin); 1491-41-4 (Naftalofos); 1563-66-2 (Carbofuran); 1563-67-3 (Decarbofuran); 1646-88-4 (Aldoxycarb); 1716-09-2 (Fenthionethyl); 2032-59-9 (Aminocarb); 2104-96-3 (Bromophos); 2274-67-1 (Dimethylvinphos); 2275-14-1 (Phenkapton); 2275-18-5 (Prothoate); 2275-23-2 (Vamidothion); 2310-17-0 (Phosalone); 2385-85-5 (Mirex); 2425-10-7 (Xylylcarb); 2463-84-5 (Dicapthon); 2540-82-1 (Formothion); 2550-75-6 (Chlorbicyclen); 2587-90-8 (Demephion-S); 2595-54-2 (Mecarbam); 2597-03-7 (Phe nthoate); 2631-37-0 (P romecarb); 2631-40-5 (Isoprocar b); 2633-54-7 (Trichlormetaphos-3); 2636-26-2 (C yanophos); 2642-71-9 (A zinphosethyl); 2655-19- 8 (Butacarb); 2669-32-1 (Lythidathion); 2674-91-1 (Oxydeprofos); 2699-79-8 (Sulfuryl fluoride); 2778-04-3 (Endothion); 2921-88-2 (Chlorpyrifos); 3383-96-8 (,Temephos); 3604-87-3 (.a.-Ecdysone); 3689-24-5 (Sulfotep); 3691-35-8 (Chlorophacinone); 3734-95-0 (Cyanthoate); 3761-41-9 (,Mesulfenfos); 3766-81-2 (Fenobucarb); 3811-49-2 (Dioxabenzofos); 4097-36-3 (Dinosam); 4104-14-7 (Phosacetim); 4151-50-2 (Sulfluramid); 4466-14-2 (Jasmolin I); 4824-78-6 (Bromophosethyl); 5221-49-8 (Pyrimitate); 5598-13-0 (Chlorpyrifosmethyl); 5598- 52-7 (Fospirate); 5826-76-6 (Phosnichlor); 5834-96-8 (Azothoate); 5836-29-3 (Coumatetralyl); 5989-27-5;6164-98-3 (Chlordimeform); 6392-46-7 (Allyxycarb); 6923-22-4 (Monocrotophos); 6988-21-2 (Dioxacarb); 7219-78-5 (Mazidox); 7257-41-2 (Dinoprop); 7292-16-2 (Propaphos); 7446-18-6 (Thallium sulfate); 7645- 25-2 (Lead arsenate); 7696-12-0 (Tetramethrin); 7700-17-6 (Crotoxyphos); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7778- 44-1 (Calcium arsenate); 7786-34-7 (Mevinphos); 7803-51-2 (Phosphine); 8001-35-2 (Camphechlor); 8022- 00-2 (Demetonmethyl); 8065-36-9 (Bufencarb); 8065-48-3 (Demeton); 8065-62-1 (Demephion); 10112-91-1 (Mercurous chloride); 10124-50-2 (Potassium Arsenite); 10265-92-6 (Methamidophos); 10311-84-9 (Dialifos); 10453-86-8 (Resmethrin); 10537-47-0 (Malonoben); 10605-21-7 (Carbendazim); 11141-17-6 (Azadirachtin); 12002-03-8 (C.I. Pigment Green 21); 12789-03-6 (Chlordane); 13067-93-1 (Cyanofenphos); 13071-79-9 (Terbufos); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 13194-48-4 (Ethoprophos); 13457-18-6 (Pyrazophos); 13464-37-4 (Sodium arsenite;); 13593-03-8 (Quinalphos); 13593-08-3 (Quinalphosmethyl); 13804-51-8 (Juvenile hormone I); 14168-01-5 (D ilor); 14255-88-0 (Fenazaflor); 14816 -16-1 (Phoximmethyl); 14816-18- 3 (Phoxim); 14816-20-7 (Chlorphoxim); 15096-52-3 (Cryolite); 15263-53-3 (Cartap); 15589-31-8 (Terallethrin); 15662-33-6 (Ryania); 16752-77-5 (Methomyl); 16893-85-9 (Sodium hexafluorosilicate); 16984-48-8 (Fluoride); 17080-02-3 (Furethrin); 17125-80-3 (Barium hexafluorosilicate); 17598-02-6 (Precocene I); 17606-31-4 (Bensultap); 17702-57-7 (Formparanate); 18181-70-9 (Jodfenphos); 18181-80-1 (Bromopropylate); 18854-01-8 (Isoxathion); 19691-80-6 (Athidathion); 20276-83-9 (Prothidathion); 20425- 39-2 (Pyresmethrin); 21548-32-3 (Fosthietan); 21609-90-5 (Leptophos); 22248-79-9 (>Tetrachlorvinphos); 22259-30-9 (Formetanate); 22431-62-5 (Bioethanomethrin); 22439-40-3 (Quinothion); 22569-71-7 (Phosphide); 22662-39-1 (Rafoxanide); 22781-23-3 (Bendiocarb); 22868-13-9 (Sodium Disulfide,<); 22963- 93-5 (Juvenile hormone III); 23031-36-9 (Prallethri n); 23103-98-2 (Pirimicarb); 23135-22-0 (Oxamyl); 23505-41-1 (Pirimiphosethyl); 23526-02-5 (Thuringiensin,<); 23560-59-0 (Heptenophos); 24017-47-8 (Triazophos); 24019-05-4 (Sulcofuron); 24934-91-6 (Chlormephos); 25171-63-5 (Thiocarboxime); 25311- 71-1 (Isofenphos); 25402-06-6 (Cinerin); 25601-84-7 (Methocrotophos); 26002-80-2 (Phenothrin); 26097- 80-3 (Cambendazole); 28434-01-7 (Bioresmethrin); 28772-56-7 (Bromadiolone); 29173-31-7 (Mecarphon); 29232-93-7 (Pirimiphosmethyl); 29672-19-3 (Nitrilacarb); 29871-13-4 (Copper ar senate); 30087-47-9 (Fenethacarb); 30560-19-1 (Acephate); 30864-28-9 (Methacrifos); 31218- 83-4 (Propetamphos ); 31377-69-2 (Pirimetaphos); 31895-21-3 (Thiocyclam); 33089-61-1 (Amitraz); 33399-00-7 (Bromfenvinfos); 33629-47-9 (Butralin); 34218-61-6 (Juvenile hormone II); 34264-24-9 (Promacyl); 34643-46-4 (Prothiofos); 34681-10-2 (Butocarboxim); 34681-23-7 (Butoxycarboxim); 35367-31-8 (Penfluron); 35367-38-5 (Diflubenzuron); 35400-43-2 (Sulprofos); 35575-96-3 (Azamethiphos); 35764-59-1 (Cismethrin); 36145-08-1 (Chlorprazophos); 37032-15-8 (Sophamide); 38260-63-8 (Lirimfos); 38524-82-2 (Trifenofos); 38527-91-2 (Etaphos); 39196-18-4 (Thiofanox); 39247-96-6 (Primidophos); 39515-40-7 (Cyphenothrin); 39515-41-8 (Fenpropathrin); 40085-57-2 (Tazimcarb); 40596-69-8 (Methoprene); 40596-80-3 (Triprene); 40626-35-5 (Heterophos); 41096-46-2 (Hydroprene); 41198-08-7 (Profenofos); 41219-31-2 (Dithicrofos); 41483-43-6 (Bupirimate); 42509-80-8 (Isazofos); 42588-37-4 (Kinoprene); 50512-35-1; 51487-69-5 (Cloethocarb); 51596-10-2 (Milbemectin); 51630-58-1 (Fenvalerate); 51877-74-8 (Biopermethrin); 52315-07-8 (,Zetacypermethrin); 52645-53-1 (Permethrin); 52918-63-5 (Deltamethrin); 53558-25-1 (Pyrinuron); 54406- 48-3 (Empenthrin); 54593-83-8 (Chlorethoxyfos); 55179-31-2 (Bitertanol); 55285-14-8 (Carbosulfan); 56073-07-5 (Difenacoum); 56073-10-0 (Brodifacoum); 56716-21-3 (Hyquincarb); 57808-65-8 (Closantel); 58481-70-2 (Dicresyl); 58842-20-9 (Nithiazine); 59669-26-0 (Thiodicarb); 60238-56-4 (Chlorthiophos);60589-06-2 (Metoxadiazone); 60628-96-8 (Bifonazole); 61444-62-0 (Nifluridide); 61949-77-7 (TransPermethrin); 63333-35-7 (Bromethalin); 63771-69-7 (Zolaprofos); 63837-33-2 (Diofenolan); 63935-38-6 (Cycloprothrin); 64628-44-0 (Triflumuron); 64902-72-3 (Chlorsulfuron); 65383-73-5 (Precocene III); 65400- 98-8 (Fenoxacrim); 65691-00-1 (Triarathene); 65907-30-4 (,Furathiocarb); 66215-27-8 (Cyromazine); 66230- 04-4 (Esfenvalerate); 66841-25-6 (Tralomethrin); 67485-29-4 (Hydramethylnon); 68359-37-5 (Betacyfluthrin); 68523-18-2 (Fenpirithrin); 69327-76-0 (Buprofezin); 69409-94-5 (Fluvalinate); 70124-77-5 (Flucythrinate); 70288-86-7 (Ivermectin); 71422-67-8 (Chlorfluazuron); 71697-59-1 (Thetacypermethrin); 71751-41-2 (Abamectin); 72490-01-8 (Fenoxycarb); 72963-72-5 (Imiprothrin); 75867-00-4 (Fenfluthrin); 79538-32-2 (Tefluthrin); 80060-09-9 (Diafenthiuron); 80844-07-1 (Etofenprox); 81613-59-4 (Flupropadine); 82560-54-1 (Benfuracarb); 82657-04-3 (Bifenthrin); 83121-18-0 (Teflubenzuron); 83130-01-2 (Alanycarb); 83733-82-8 (Fosmethilan); 86479-06-3 (Hexaflumuron); 89784-60-1 (Pyraclofos); 90035-08-8 (Flocoumafen); 90338-20-8 (Butathiofos); 95465-99-9 (Cadusafos); 95737-68-1 (Pyriproxyfen); 96182-53-5 (Tebupirimfos); 96489-71-3 (Pyridaben); 101007-06-1 (Acrinathrin); 101463-69-8 (,Flufenoxuron); 102851- 06-9 (Taufluvalinate); 103055-07-8 (Lufenuron); 103782-08-7 (Allosamidin); 104653-34-1 (Difethialone); 105024-66-6 (Silafluofen); 105779-78-0 (Pyrimidifen); 107713-58-6 (Flufenprox); 111872-58-3 (Halfenprox); 112143- 82-5 (Triazamate.); 112226-61-6 (Halof enozide); 112410-23-8 (Tebufenozide);112636-83-6 (Dicyclanil); 113036-88-7 (Flucycloxuron); 116714-46-6 (NOvaluron); 117704-25-3 (Doramectin); 118712-89-3 (Transfluthrin); 119168-77-3 (Tebufenpyrad); 119791-41-2 (Emamectin); 120068-37-3 (Fipronil); 121451-02-3 (Noviflumuron); 122453-73-0 (Chlorfenapyr); 123997-26-2 (Eprinomectin); 129558-76-5 (TOlfenpyrad); 143807-66-3 (Chromafenozide); 150824-47-8 (Nitenpyram); 153719-23-4 (Thiamethoxam); 158062-67-0 (Flonicamid); 161050-58-4 (Methoxyfenozide); 165252-70-0 (Dinotefuran); 168316-95-8 (Spinosad); 170015-32-4 (Flufenerim); 173584-44-6 (Indoxacarb); 179101-81-6 (Pyridalyl); 181587-01-9 (Ethiprole); 201593-84-2 (Bistrifluron); 209861-58-5 (Acetoprole); 210880-92-5 (Clothianidin); 220119-17-5 (Selamectin); 223419-20-3 (Profluthrin); 240494-70-6 (Metofluthrin); 283594- 90-1 (Spiromesifen) Role: BUU (Biological use, uncla ssified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (fiber-supported pesticidal compn.); 51-79-6 (Urethane); 78-79-5 (Isopre ne); 108-05-4 (Vin yl acetate); 7782- 42-5 (Graphite); 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene); 9002-89-5 (Poly(vinyl alcohol); 9003-05-8; 9003-39-8 (Poly(vinylpyrrolidone); 9003-53-6 (,Polystyrene); 90 04-32-4 (Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt); 9004- 34-6D (Cellulose); 9004-65-3 (Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); 9005-25-8 (Starch); 9005-32-7 (Alginic acid); 9005-49-6 (Heparin sulfate); 9007-28-7 (Chondroitin sulfate); 24980-41-4 (Polycaprolactone); 25085- 53-4 (Isotactic polypropylene); 25248-42-4 (Polycaprolactone); 25322-68-3 (Poly(ethylene oxide); 25702-74- 3 (Polysucrose); 25805-17-8 (Poly(ethyloxazoline); 26023-30-3 (Poly[oxy(1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-ethanediyl)]); 26100-51-6 (Polylactic acid); 26780-50-7 (Poly(Lactide-co-glycolide); 31621-87-1 (Polydioxanone) Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (fib er; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 84-74- 2 (Dibutyl phthalate); 94-96-2 (Ethohexadiol); 131-11-3 (Dimethyl phthalate); 134-62-3 (DEET); 532-34-3 (Butopyronoxyl); 3653-39-2 (,Hexamide); 19764-43-3 (Methoquin-butyl); 39589-98-5 (Dimethyl carbate); 66257-53-2 (Oxamate); 105726-67-8 (Methylneodecanamide); 119515-38-7 (Picaridin) Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (insect repellent; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 7783-06-4 (Hydrogen sulfide) Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (mammal repellent; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 9010-98-4 Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use) , USES (Uses) (neoprene rubber, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.) Patent Application Country: Application: US Priority Application Country: US Priority Application Number: 2001-345349 Priority Application Date: 20011025

25. Hoffmann, Michael P., Gardner, Jeffrey, and Curtis, Paul D (20031023). Fiber-supported pesticidal compositions. 41 pp.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: AZD,SPM; Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA. The invention provides fibrous pest deterrents that comb ine the useful properties of a phys. barrier in the form of a nonwoven fibrous matrix with a chem. deterrent such as a pesticide, behavior-modifying compd. or a pest repellent. The use of such fibrous pest deterrents pr otects plants, animals and structures in both agriculturaland nonagricultural settings from damage inflicted by pests. Unlike traditional pesticides, the behaviormodifying compd., pesticide or chem. deterrent of the in vention is adsorbed or attached to a fibrous matrix, and so it is not so readily dispersed into the environmen t. Hence, use of the fibrous pest deterrents can reduce the levels of pesticides that inadvertently contam inate nontarget areas and pollute water supplies. [on SciFinder (R)] fiber/ supported/ pesticide/ compn Copyright: Copyright 2004 ACS on SciFinder (R))
Database: CAPLUS
Accession Number: AN 2003:836400
Chemical Abstracts Number: CAN 139:318718
Section Code: 5-4 Section Title: Agrochemical Bioregulators
Coden: USXXCO Index Terms: Glycols Role: MOA (Modif ier or additive use), USES (Uses) (alyplastic, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyester fibers Role : MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (arom.; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Naphthenic acids Role: BUU (Biological use,unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (copper salts, mammal repellent; fiber-supported pestbehavior-modifying compn.); Anethum graveolens; Ins ect attractants; Insect f eeding inhibitors; Insect repellents; Nepeta cataria; Piper; Repellents; Zingiber officinale (fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Allomones; Kairomones; Monoterpenes; Phenols; Pheromones Role: BUU (Biological use,unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Bacillus thuringiensis; Pesticides; Quassia; Schoenocaulon (fiber-supported pesticidal compn.); Pyrethrins Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Bio logical study), USES (Uses) (fiber-supported pesticidal compn.); Fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additiv e use), USES (Uses) (f iber-supported pesticidal compn.); Albumins; Collagens; Gelatins; Neoprene rubber; Ovalbumin; Polyamides; Polyanhydrides; Polycarbonates; Polyoxyalkylenes; Polysiloxanes; Po lyurethane fibers; Rayon Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyesters Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (U ses) (glycolide-based, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyesters Role: MOA (Modifier or additive us e), USES (Uses) (hydroxycarboxylic acid-based, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Po lyesters Role: MOA (Modifie r or additive use), USES (Uses) (lactide, fiber; support for pest-behavior- modifying compn.); Capsicum annuum annuum (longum group, paprika; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Capsicum annuum annuum (longum group; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyethers Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (polyamide-, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Synthetic polymeric fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use) , USES (Uses) (polyamide-polyethers; support for pest-behaviormodifying compn.); Synthetic polymeric fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (polycarbonates; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Polyamide fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (polye ther-; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Aves (repellents;fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Insecticides (sterilants; fiber-supported pest-behaviormodifying compn.); Polyester fibers; Polyolefin fibers Role: MOA (Modifier or additiv e use), USES (Uses) (support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); Naphthenic acids Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (zinc salts, mammal repellent; fiber-supported pest-behaviormodifying compn.) CAS Registry Numbers: 84-65-1 (Anthraquinone); 137-30-4 (Ziram.); 333-41-5 (Diazinon); 1332-40-7 (Copper oxychloride); 2032-65-7 (Methiocarb); 12407-86-2 (Trimeth acarb); 15879-93-3 (Chloralose); 108173-90-6 (Guazatine) Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (bird repellent; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 57-50-1D (Sugar); 58-08-2 (, Caffein); 404-86-4 (Capsaicin) Role: BUU (Biological use, uncla ssified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 50-14-6 (> Ergocalciferol); 50-29-3 (DDT); 52-68-6 (Trichlorfon); 52-85-7 (Famphur); 54-11-5 (Nicotine); 55-38-9 (Fenthion); 55-98-1 (Busulfan); 56-23-5 (Carbon tetrachloride); 56-38-2 (Parathion); 56-72-4 (Coumaphos); 56-75-7 (Chloramphenicol); 57-24-9 (Strychnine); 58-89-9 (Lindane); 60-51-5 (Dimethoate); 60-57-1 (Dieldrin); 62-73-7 (Dichlorvos); 62-74-8 (Sodium fluoroacetate); 63-25-2 (Carba ryl); 67-66-3 (Chloroform); 70-38-2 (Dimethrin); 70-43-9 (Barthrin); 71-55-6 (Methylchloroform); 72-43-5 (Methoxychlor); 74-83-9 (Methyl bromide); 74-90-8 (Hydrogen cyanide); 75-09-2 (Methylene chloride); 75-21-8 (Ethylene oxide); 76-06-2 (,Chloropicrin); 76-44-8 (Heptachlor); 78-34-2 (Dioxathion); 78-53-5 (Amiton); 78-57-9 (Menazon); 78-87-5 (1,2-Dichloropropane); 79-34-5 (Tetrachloroethane); 80-05-7 (Bisphenol A); 81-81-2 (Warfarin); 81-82-3 (Coumachlor); 82-66-6 (Diphacinone); 83-26-1 (Pindone); 83-79-4 (Rotenone); 85-34-7 (Chlorfenac); 86-50-0 (Azinphosmethyl); 86-88-4 (Antu); 87-86-5 (Pentachlorophenol); 91-20-3 (Naphthalene); 96-24-2 (a-Chlorohydrin); 97-11-0 (Cyclethrin); 97-17-6 (Dichlofenthion); 97-27-8 (Chlorbetamide); 104-29-0 (Chlorphenesin); 106-46-7 (Paradichlorobenzene); 106-93-4 (Ethylene Dibromide); 107-06-2 (Ethylene dichloride); 107-13-1 (Acrylonitrile); 109-94-4 (Ethyl formate); 114-26-1 (Propoxur); 115-90-2 (Fensulfothion); 115-93-5 (Cythioate); 116-01-8 (Ethoatemethyl); 116-06-3 (Aldicarb); 118-75-2 (Chloranil); 119-12-0 (Pyridaphenthion); 121-20-0 (Cinerin II); 121-21-1 (Pyrethrin I); 121-29-9 (Pyrethrin II); 121-75-5 (Malathion); 122-14-5 (Fenitrothion); 122-15-6 (Dimetan); 126-22-7 (Butonate); 126-75-0 (Demeton-S); 131-89-5 (Dinex); 133-06-2 (Captan); 133-90-4 (,Chloramben); 141-66-2 (Dicrotophos); 143-50-0 (Chlordecone); 144-41-2 (Morphothion); 152-16-9 (Schradan); 288-14-2 (Isoxazole); 298-00-0 (Parathionmethyl); 298-02-2 (Phorate); 298-03-3 (Demeton-O); 298-04-4 (Disulfoton); 299-84-3 (Fenchlorphos); 299-86-5 (Crufomate); 300-76-5 (Naled); 301-12-2 (Oxydemetonmethyl); 302-04-5 (Thiocyanate); 309-00-2 (Aldrin); 314-40-9 (Bromacil); 315-18-4 (Mexacarbate); 327-98-0 (Trichloronat); 333-20-0 (Potassium thiocyanate); 370-50-3 (Flucofuron); 371-86-8 (Mipafox); 470-90-6 (Chlorfenvinphos); 483-63-6 (Crotamiton); 485-31-4 (Binapacryl); 494-52-0 (Anabasine); 500-28-7 (Chlorothion.); 507-60-8 (Scilliroside); 535-89-7 (Crimidine); 555-89-5 (Bis(p -chlorophenoxy)methane); 56 3-12-2 (Ethion); 572-48-5 (Coumithoate); 584-79-2 (Bioalle thrin); 640-15-3 (Thiometon); 64 0-19-7 (Fluoroacetamide); 644-06-4 (Precocene II); 644-64-4 (Dimetilan); 671-04-5 (Carbanolate); 682-80-4 (Demephion-O); 732-11-6 (Phosmet); 786-19-6 (Carbophenothion); 867-27-6 (Demeton-O-methyl); 919-54-0 (Acethion); 919-76-6(Amidithion); 919-86-8 (Demeton-S-methyl); 944-22-9 (FOnofos); 947-02-4 (Phosfolan); 950-10-7 (Mephosfolan); 950-37-8 (Methidathion); 991-42-4 (Norbormide); 1113-02-6 (Omethoate); 1129-41-5 (Metolcarb); 1172-63-0 (Jasmolin II); 1303-96-4 (Borax); 1314-84-7 (Zinc phosphide); 1327-53-3 (Arsenous oxide); 1344-81-6 (Calcium Polysulfide); 1403-17-4 (Candicidin); 1491-41-4 (Naftalofos); 1563-66-2 (Carbofuran); 1563-67-3 (Decarbofuran); 1646-88-4 (Aldoxycarb); 1716-09-2 (Fenthionethyl); 2032-59-9 (Aminocarb); 2104-96-3 (Bromophos); 2274-67-1 (Dimethylvinphos); 2275-14-1 (Phenkapton); 2275-18-5 (Prothoate); 2275-23-2 (Vamidothion); 2310-17-0 (Phosalone); 2385-85-5 (Mirex); 2425-10-7 (Xylylcarb); 2463-84-5 (Dicapthon); 2540-82-1 (Formothion); 2550-75-6 (Chlorbicyclen); 2587-90-8 (Demephion-S); 2595-54-2 (Mecarbam); 2597-03-7 (Phe nthoate); 2631-37-0 (P romecarb); 2631-40-5 (Isoprocar b); 2633-54-7 (Trichlormetaphos-3); 2636-26-2 (C yanophos); 2642-71-9 (A zinphosethyl); 2655-19- 8 (Butacarb); 2669-32-1 (Lythidathion); 2674-91-1 (Oxydeprofos); 2699-79-8 (Sulfuryl fluoride); 2778-04-3 (Endothion); 2921-88-2 (Chlorpyrifos); 3383-96-8 (,Temephos); 3604-87-3 (.a.-Ecdysone); 3689-24-5 (Sulfotep); 3691-35-8 (Chlorophacinone); 3734-95-0 (Cyanthoate); 3761-41-9 (,Mesulfenfos); 3766-81-2 (Fenobucarb); 3811-49-2 (Dioxabenzofos); 4097-36-3 (Dinosam); 4104-14-7 (Phosacetim); 4151-50-2 (Sulfluramid); 4466-14-2 (Jasmolin I); 4824-78-6 (Bromophosethyl); 5221-49-8 (Pyrimitate); 5598-13-0 (Chlorpyrifosmethyl); 5598- 52-7 (Fospirate); 5826-76-6 (Phosnichlor); 5834-96-8 (Azothoate); 5836-29-3 (Coumatetralyl); 5989-27-5; 6164-98-3 (Chlordimeform); 6392-46-7 (Allyxycarb); 6923-22-4 (Monocrotophos); 6988-21-2 (Dioxacarb); 7219-78-5 (Mazidox); 7257-41-2 (Dinoprop); 7292-16-2 (Propaphos); 7446-18-6 (Thallium sulfate); 7645- 25-2 (Lead arsenate); 7696-12-0 (Tetramethrin); 7700-17-6 (Crotoxyphos); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7778- 44-1 (Calcium arsenate); 7786-34-7 (Mevinphos); 7803-51-2 (Phosphine); 8001-35-2 (Camphechlor); 8022- 00-2 (Demetonmethyl); 8065-36-9 (Bufencarb); 8065-48-3 (Demeton); 8065-62-1 (Demephion); 10112-91-1 (Mercurous chloride); 10124-50-2 (Potassium Arsenite); 10265-92-6 (Methamidophos); 10311-84-9 (Dialifos); 10453-86-8 (Resmethrin); 10537-47-0 (Malonoben); 10605-21-7 (Carbendazim); 11141-17-6 (Azadirachtin); 12002-03-8 (C.I. Pigment Green 21); 12789-03-6 (Chlordane); 13067-93-1 (Cyanofenphos); 13071-79-9 (Terbufos); 13171-21-6 (Phosphamidon); 13194-48-4 (Ethoprophos); 13457-18-6 (Pyrazophos); 13464-37-4 (Sodium arsenite;); 13593-03-8 (Quinalphos); 13593-08-3 (Quinalphosmethyl); 13804-51-8 (Juvenile hormone I); 14168-01-5 (D ilor); 14255-88-0 (Fenazaflor); 14816 -16-1 (Phoximmethyl); 14816-18- 3 (Phoxim); 14816-20-7 (Chlorphoxim); 15096-52-3 (Cryolite); 15263-53-3 (Cartap); 15589-31-8 (Terallethrin); 15662-33-6 (Ryania); 16752-77-5 (Methomyl); 16893-85-9 (Sodium hexafluorosilicate); 16984-48-8 (Fluoride); 17080-02-3 (Furethrin); 17125-80-3 (Barium hexafluorosilicate); 17598-02-6 (Precocene I); 17606-31-4 (Bensultap); 17702-57-7 (Formparanate); 18181-70-9 (Jodfenphos); 18181-80-1 (Bromopropylate); 18854-01-8 (Isoxathion); 19691-80-6 (Athidathion); 20276-83-9 (Prothidathion); 20425- 39-2 (Pyresmethrin); 21548-32-3 (Fosthietan); 21609-90-5 (Leptophos); 22248-79-9 (>Tetrachlorvinphos); 22259-30-9 (Formetanate); 22431-62-5 (Bioethanomethrin); 22439-40-3 (Quinothion); 22569-71-7 (Phosphide); 22662-39-1 (Rafoxanide); 22781-23-3 (Bendiocarb); 22868-13-9 (Sodium Disulfide,<); 22963- 93-5 (Juvenile hormone III); 23031-36-9 (Prallethri n); 23103-98-2 (Pirimicarb); 23135-22-0 (Oxamyl); 23505-41-1 (Pirimiphosethyl); 23526-02-5 (Thuringiensin,<); 23560-59-0 (Heptenophos); 24017-47-8 (Triazophos); 24019-05-4 (Sulcofuron); 24934-91-6 (Chlormephos); 25171-63-5 (Thiocarboxime); 25311- 71-1 (Isofenphos); 25402-06-6 (Cinerin); 25601-84-7 (Methocrotophos); 26002-80-2 (Phenothrin); 26097- 80-3 (Cambendazole); 28434-01-7 (Bioresmethrin); 28772-56-7 (Bromadiolone); 29173-31-7 (Mecarphon); 29232-93-7 (Pirimiphosmethyl); 29672-19-3 (Nitrilacarb); 29871-13-4 (Copper ar senate); 30087-47-9 (Fenethacarb); 30560-19-1 (Acephate); 30864-28-9 (Methacrifos); 31218- 83-4 (Propetamphos ); 31377-69-2 (Pirimetaphos); 31895-21-3 (Thiocyclam); 33089-61-1 (Amitraz); 33399-00-7 (Bromfenvinfos); 33629-47-9 (Butralin); 34218-61-6 (Juvenile hormone II); 34264-24-9 (Promacyl); 34643-46-4 (Prothiofos); 34681-10-2 (Butocarboxim); 34681-23-7 (Butoxycarboxim); 35367-31-8 (Penfluron); 35367-38-5 (Diflubenzuron); 35400-43-2 (Sulprofos); 35575-96-3 (Azamethiphos); 35764-59-1 (Cismethrin); 36145-08-1 (Chlorprazophos); 37032-15-8 (Sophamide); 38260-63-8 (Lirimfos); 38524-82-2 (Trifenofos); 38527-91-2 (Etaphos); 39196-18-4 (Thiofanox); 39247-96-6 (Primidophos); 39515-40-7 (Cyphenothrin); 39515-41-8 (Fenpropathrin); 40085-57-2 (Tazimcarb); 40596-69-8 (Methoprene); 40596-80-3 (Triprene); 40626-35-5 (Heterophos); 41096-46-2 (Hydroprene); 41198-08-7 (Profenofos); 41219-31-2 (Dithicrofos); 41483-43-6 (Bupirimate); 42509-80-8 (Isazofos); 42588-37-4 (Kinoprene); 50512-35-1; 51487-69-5 (Cloethocarb); 51596-10-2 (Milbemectin); 51630-58-1 (Fenvalerate); 51877-74-8 (Biopermethrin); 52315-07-8 (,Zetacypermethrin); 52645-53-1 (Permethrin); 52918-63-5 (Deltamethrin); 53558-25-1 (Pyrinuron); 54406- 48-3 (Empenthrin); 54593-83-8 (Chlorethoxyfos); 55179-31-2 (Bitertanol); 55285-14-8 (Carbosulfan); 56073-07-5 (Difenacoum); 56073-10-0 (Brodifacoum); 56716-21-3 (Hyquincarb); 57808-65-8 (Closantel); 58481-70-2 (Dicresyl); 58842-20-9 (Nithiazine); 59669-26-0 (Thiodicarb); 60238-56-4 (Chlorthiophos);60589-06-2 (Metoxadiazone); 60628-96-8 (Bifonazole); 61444-62-0 (Nifluridide); 61949-77-7 (TransPermethrin); 63333-35-7 (Bromethalin); 63771-69-7 (Zolaprofos); 63837-33-2 (Diofenolan); 63935-38-6 (Cycloprothrin); 64628-44-0 (Triflumuron); 64902-72-3 (Chlorsulfuron); 65383-73-5 (Precocene III); 65400- 98-8 (Fenoxacrim); 65691-00-1 (Triarathene); 65907-30-4 (,Furathiocarb); 66215-27-8 (Cyromazine); 66230- 04-4 (Esfenvalerate); 66841-25-6 (Tralomethrin); 67485-29-4 (Hydramethylnon); 68359-37-5 (Betacyfluthrin); 68523-18-2 (Fenpirithrin); 69327-76-0 (Buprofezin); 69409-94-5 (Fluvalinate); 70124-77-5 (Flucythrinate); 70288-86-7 (Ivermectin); 71422-67-8 (Chlorfluazuron); 71697-59-1 (Thetacypermethrin); 71751-41-2 (Abamectin); 72490-01-8 (Fenoxycarb); 72963-72-5 (Imiprothrin); 75867-00-4 (Fenfluthrin); 79538-32-2 (Tefluthrin); 80060-09-9 (Diafenthiuron); 80844-07-1 (Etofenprox); 81613-59-4 (Flupropadine); 82560-54-1 (Benfuracarb); 82657-04-3 (Bifenthrin); 83121-18-0 (Teflubenzuron); 83130-01-2 (Alanycarb); 83733-82-8 (Fosmethilan); 86479-06-3 (Hexaflumuron); 89784-60-1 (Pyraclofos); 90035-08-8 (Flocoumafen); 90338-20-8 (Butathiofos); 95465-99-9 (Cadusafos); 95737-68-1 (Pyriproxyfen); 96182-53-5 (Tebupirimfos); 96489-71-3 (Pyridaben); 101007-06-1 (Acrinathrin); 101463-69-8 (,Flufenoxuron); 102851- 06-9 (Taufluvalinate); 103055-07-8 (Lufenuron); 103782-08-7 (Allosamidin); 104653-34-1 (Difethialone); 105024-66-6 (Silafluofen); 105779-78-0 (Pyrimidifen); 107713-58-6 (Flufenprox); 111872-58-3 (Halfenprox); 112143- 82-5 (Triazamate.); 112226-61-6 (Halof enozide); 112410-23-8 (Tebufenozide); 112636-83-6 (Dicyclanil); 113036-88-7 (Flucycloxuron); 116714-46-6 (NOvaluron); 117704-25-3 (Doramectin); 118712-89-3 (Transfluthrin); 119168-77-3 (Tebufenpyrad); 119791-41-2 (Emamectin); 120068-37-3 (Fipronil); 121451-02-3 (Noviflumuron); 122453-73-0 (Chlorfenapyr); 123997-26-2 (Eprinomectin); 129558-76-5 (TOlfenpyrad); 143807-66-3 (Chromafenozide); 150824-47-8 (Nitenpyram); 153719-23-4 (Thiamethoxam); 158062-67-0 (Flonicamid); 161050-58-4 (Methoxyfenozide); 165252-70-0 (Dinotefuran); 168316-95-8 (Spinosad); 170015-32-4 (Flufenerim); 173584-44-6 (Indoxacarb); 179101-81-6 (Pyridalyl); 181587-01-9 (Ethiprole); 201593-84-2 (Bistrifluron); 209861-58-5 (Acetoprole); 210880-92-5 (Clothianidin); 220119-17-5 (Selamectin); 223419-20-3 (Profluthrin); 240494-70-6 (Metofluthrin); 283594- 90-1 (Spiromesifen) Role: BUU (Biological use, uncla ssified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (fiber-supported pesticidal compn.); 51-79-6 (Urethane); 78-79-5 (Isopre ne); 108-05-4 (Vin yl acetate); 7782- 42-5 (Graphite); 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene); 9002-89-5 (Poly(vinyl alcohol); 9003-05-8; 9003-39-8 (Poly(vinylpyrrolidone); 9003-53-6 (,Polystyrene); 90 04-32-4 (Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt); 9004- 34-6D (Cellulose); 9004-65-3 (Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); 9005-25-8 (Starch); 9005-32-7 (Alginic acid); 9005-49-6 (Heparin sulfate); 9007-28-7 (Chondroitin sulfate); 24980-41-4 (Polycaprolactone); 25085- 53-4 (Isotactic polypropylene); 25248-42-4 (Polycaprolactone); 25322-68-3 (Poly(ethylene oxide); 25702-74- 3 (Polysucrose); 25805-17-8 (Poly(ethyloxazoline); 26023-30-3 (Poly[oxy(1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-ethanediyl)]); 26100-51-6 (Polylactic acid); 26780-50-7 (Poly(Lactide-co-glycolide); 31621-87-1 (Polydioxanone) Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use), USES (Uses) (fib er; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 84-74- 2 (Dibutyl phthalate); 94-96-2 (Ethohexadiol); 131-11-3 (Dimethyl phthalate); 134-62-3 (DEET); 532-34-3 (Butopyronoxyl); 3653-39-2 (,Hexamide); 19764-43-3 (Methoquin-butyl); 39589-98-5 (Dimethyl carbate); 66257-53-2 (Oxamate); 105726-67-8 (Methylneodecanamide); 119515-38-7 (Picaridin) Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (insect repellent; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 7783-06-4 (Hydrogen sulfide) Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (mammal repellent; fiber-supported pest-behavior-modifying compn.); 9010-98-4 Role: MOA (Modifier or additive use) , USES (Uses) (neoprene rubber, fiber; support for pest-behavior-modifying compn.) Patent Application Country: Application: US Priority Application Country: US Priority Application Number: 2001-345349 Priority Application Date: 20011025

26. Mcdonald, A. R. and Harris, S. (2000). The use of fumigants and anticoagulant rodenticides on game
estates in Great Britain. Mammal Review [Mamm. Rev.]. Vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 57-64

.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC,WFN; Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA. Several studies have highlighted the potential risk to no ntarget wildlife associated w ith accidental exposure to vertebrate control agents. In order to provide information that may assist in the mitigation of this problem, we questioned 215 gamekeepers in Great Britain about the use of vertebrate control agents on the land for which they were responsible. Fumigants were used to control Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus by 59% of gamekeepers. Use of fumigants was more common than on farms in general. 91% of gamekeepers reportedthe use of rodenticides, 95% of which were anticoagulants. Patterns of rodenticide use were similar to those on arable farms, though chlorophacinone and warfarin were used more commonly on game estates. Future studies of the exposure of nontar get wildlife to anticoagulants should be expanded to include these compounds. Rodenticides were apparently used in accordance with label recommendations in most cases. However, better information and guidelines for users may improve standards of agent application and reduce potential risks to nontarget wildlife. Classification: D 04700 Management Rodenticides/ Wildlife management/ British Isles/ Oryctolagus cuniculus/ European rabbit

27. Mcdonald, A. R. and Harris, S. (2000). The use of fumigants and anticoagulant rodenticides on game
estates in Great Britain. Mammal Review [Mamm. Rev.]. Vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 57-64

.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC,WFN; Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA. Several studies have highlighted the potential risk to no ntarget wildlife associated w ith accidental exposure to vertebrate control agents. In order to provide information that may assist in the mitigation of this problem, we questioned 215 gamekeepers in Great Britain about the use of vertebrate control agents on the land for which they were responsible. Fumigants were used to control Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus by 59% of gamekeepers. Use of fumigants was more common than on farms in general. 91% of gamekeepers reported the use of rodenticides, 95% of which were anticoagulants. Patterns of rodenticide use were similar to those on arable farms, though chlorophacinone and warfarin were used more commonly on game estates. Future studies of the exposure of nontar get wildlife to anticoagulants should be expanded to include these compounds. Rodenticides were apparently used in accordance with label recommendations in most cases. However, better information and guidelines for users may improve standards of agent application and reduce potential risks to nontarget wildlife. Classification: D 04700 Management Rodenticides/ Wildlife management/ British Isles/ Oryctolagus cuniculus/ European rabbit

28. Mcdonald, A. R. and Harris, S. (2000). The use of fumigants and anticoagulant rodenticides on game
estates in Great Britain. Mammal Review [Mamm. Rev.]. Vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 57-64

.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: WFN; Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA. Several studies have highlighted the potential risk to no ntarget wildlife associated w ith accidental exposure to vertebrate control agents. In order to provide information that may assist in the mitigation of this problem, we questioned 215 gamekeepers in Great Britain about the use of vertebrate control agents on the land for which they were responsible. Fumigants were used to control Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus by 59% of gamekeepers. Use of fumigants was more common than on farms in general. 91% of gamekeepers reported the use of rodenticides, 95% of which were anticoagulants. Patterns of rodenticide use were similar to those on arable farms, though chlorophacinone and warfarin were used more commonly on game estates. Future studies of the exposure of nontar get wildlife to anticoagulants should be expanded to include these compounds. Rodenticides were apparently used in accordance with label recommendations in most cases. However, better information and guidelines for users may improve standards of agent application and reduce potential risks to nontarget wildlife. Classification: D 04700 Management Rodenticides/ Wildlife management/ British Isles/ Oryctolagus cuniculus/ European rabbit

29. MEDVEDOVICI, A., DAVID, F., and SANDRA, P. (1997). Determination of the rodenticides warfarin, diphenadione and chlorophacinone in soil samples by HPLC-DAD. TALANTA; 44: 1633-1640.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: DPC,CPC,WFN; Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A HPLC-DAD method is described for the analysis of the rodenticides warfarin, diphenadione and chlorophacinone, together with the phenylurea herbicides isoproturon and diuron, in soil samples. The HPLC parameters have been optimised to provide baseline separation with symmetrical peakshapes in short analysis times. The sample preparation consists of Soxhlet extraction followed by SPE clean-up on cyanoprop yl silica. Biochemistry/Methods/ Biophy sics/Methods/ Methods/ Plants/ Soil/
Herbicides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides

30. Mendenhall, V. M. and Pank, L. F. (1980). Secondary Poisoning of Owls by Anticoagulant Rodenticides. Wildlife Society Bulletin 8: 311-315.Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,DPC,CPC; Rejection Code : NO CONC.

31. Mendenhall, V. M. and Pank, L. F. (1980). Secondary Poisoning of Owls by Anticoagulant Rodenticides. Wildlife Society Bulletin 8: 311-315.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,DPC,CPC; Rejection Code : NO CONC.

32. Panzica, G. C., Castagna, C., Viglietti-Panzica, C., Russo, C., Tlemcani, O., and Balthazart, J. (1998). Organizational effects of estrogens on brain vasotocin and sexual behavior in quail. J Neurobiol 37:
684-699.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : NO TOXICANT. CAS Registry Number EC-1-14-13-- (Aromatase); 0 (Triazoles); 118949-22-7 (vorozole); 50-28-2 (Estradiol); 50-50-0 (estradiol 3-benzoate); 57-85-2 (Testosterone); 9034-50-8 (Vasotocin). Reproductive behavior is sexually differentiated in quail: The male-typical copulatory behavior is never observed in females even after treatment with high doses of testosterone (T). This sex difference in behavioral responsiveness to T is organized during the embryonic period by the exposure of female embryo to estrogens. We showed recently that the sexually dimorphic medial preoptic nucleus (POM), a structure that plays a key role in the activation of male copulatory behavior, is innervated by a dense steroid-sensitive network of vasotocin-immunoreactive (VT-ir) fibers in male quail This innervation is almost completely absent in the female POM and is not induced by a chronic treatment with T, suggesting that this neurochemical difference could be organizational in nature. This idea was tested by injecting fertilized quail eggs of both sexes on day 9 of incubation with either estradiol benzoate (EB) (2 5 microg, a treatment that suppresses the capacity to show copulatory behavior in adulthood) or the aromatase inhibitor R76713 (10 microg, a treatment that makes adult females behaviorally responsive to T), or with the solvents as a control (C). At 3 weeks posthatch, all subjects were gonadect omized and later implanted with S ilastic capsules filled with T. Two weeks later, all birds were perfused and brain sections were processed for VT immunocytochemistry. Despite the similarity of the adult endocrine conditions of the subjects (all were gonadectomized and treated with T Silastic implants providing the same plasma level of steroid to all subjects), major qualitative differences were observed in the density of VT -ir structures in the POM of the different groups. Dense immunoreactive structures (fibers and a few cells) were observed in the POM of C males but not females; EB males had completely lost this immunoreactivity (and lost the capacity to display c opulatory behavior); and, conversely, R76713 females displayed a male-typical VT-ir system in the nucleus (and also high levels of copulatory behavior). Similar changes in immunor eactivity were seen in the nucleus of the stria terminalis and in the lateral septum (VT-ir fibers only in this case) but not in the magnocellular vasotocinergic system. These neurochemical changes closely parallel the effects of th e embryonic treatments on male copulatory behavior. The vasotocinergic system of the POM can therefore be considered an accurate marker of the sexual differentiation of brain circuits mediating this behavior

33. Panzica, G. C., Castagna, C., Viglietti-Panzica, C., Russo, C., Tlemcani, O., and Balthazart, J. (1998). Organizational effects of estrogens on brain vasotocin and sexual behavior in quail. J Neurobiol 37:
684-699.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : NO TOXICANT. CAS Registry Number EC-1-14-13-- (Aromatase); 0 (Triazoles); 118949-22-7 (vorozole); 50-28-2 (Estradiol); 50-50-0 (estradiol 3-benzoate); 57-85-2 (Testosterone); 9034-50-8 (Vasotocin). Reproductive behavior is sexually differentiated in quail: The male-typical copulatory behavior is never observed in females even after treatment with high doses of testosterone (T). This sex difference in behavioral responsiveness to T is organized during the embryonic period by the exposure of female embryo to estrogens. We showed recently that the sexually dimorphic medial preoptic nucleus (POM), a structure that plays a key role in the activation of male copulatory behavior, is innervated by a dense steroid-sensitive network of vasotocin-immunoreactive (VT-ir) fibers in male quail This innervation is almost completely absent in the female POM and is not induced by a chronic treatment with T, suggesting that this neurochemical difference could be organizational in nature. This idea was tested by injecting fertilized quail eggs of both sexes on day 9 of incubation with either estradiol benzoate (EB) (2 5 microg, a treatment that suppresses the capacity to show copulatory behavior in adulthood) or the aromatase inhibitor R76713 (10 microg, a treatment thatmakes adult females behaviorally responsive to T), or with the solvents as a control (C). At 3 weeks posthatch, all subjects were gonadect omized and later implanted with S ilastic capsules filled with T. Two weeks later, all birds were perfused and brain sections were processed for VT immunocytochemistry. Despite the similarity of the adult endocrine conditions of the subjects (all were gonadectomized and treated with T Silastic implants providing the same plasma level of steroid to all subjects), major qualitative differences were observed in the density of VT -ir structures in the POM of the different groups. Dense immunoreactive structures (fibers and a few cells) were observed in the POM of C males but not females; EB males had completely lost this immunoreactivity (and lost the capacity to display c opulatory behavior); and, conversely, R76713 females displayed a male-typical VT-ir system in the nucleus (and also high levels of copulatory behavior). Similar changes in immunor eactivity were seen in the nucleus of the stria terminalis and in the lateral septum (VT-ir fibers only in this case) but not in the magnocellular vasotocinergic system. These neurochemical changes closely parallel the effects of th e embryonic treatments on male copulatory behavior. The vasotocinergic system of the POM can therefore be considered an accurate marker of the sexual differentiation of brain circuits mediating this behavior

34. PRIMUS TM, RAMEY CA, GRIFFIN DL, and JOHNSTON JJ (1999). Weatherability of chlorophacinone
steam-rolled oat baits under field conditions. 218TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, PARTS1 AND 2, NEW ORL EANS, LOUISIANA, USA, AUGUST 22-26,
1999.YABSTRACTS OF PAPERS AMER ICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY; 218 AGRO 121.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : ABSTRACT.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM WE ATHERABILITY OF CHLOROPHACINONE STEAMROLLED OAT BAITS UNDER FIELD CONDITIONSYMEETING ABSTRACT MEDICAGO SATIVA
SPERMOPHILUS BELDING ALFALFA BELDIN G'S GROUND SQUIRREL FREE-RANGING
PESTICIDES CHLOROPHACINONE PESTICIDE STEAM-ROLLED OAT BAITS WEATHERABILITY
FIELD CONDITIONS BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS Congresses/ Biology/ Ecology/ Biochemistry/ Biophysics/ Plants/Growth & Development/ Soil/ Herbic ides/ Pest Control/ Pesticides/ Legumes/ Sciuridae

35. Ramey, Craig A., Primus, Thomas M., Griffin, Doreen L., and Johnston, John J. (2000). Weatherability of a steam-rolled oat groat chlorophacinone ground squi rrel bait under field and laboratory conditions. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 45: 209-214.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC; Rejection Code : NO SPECIES. Investigations of the weatherability of spot-baiting for ground squirrel control in northern CA field studies were conducted with a registered bait consisting of 0.01% chlorophacinone (an anticoagulant rodenticide) on steam-rolled oat groats. For reference purposes, a labora tory test was later conducted in an environmental chamber simulating some of the observed weather conditions. Three weathering plots were established in
alfalfa for field tests. Each was baited with rodentic ide fortified bait that was handled the same as for a simultaneous control project. Test areas were protected with wire mesh to prevent bait consumption by birds and mammals. Bait samples were collected daily over 7 days, then frozen, and shipped for analysis. Test No. 1 conducted under wet conditions showed a 71% loss of chlorophacinone after 1 week. Test No. 2 demonstrated a 57% loss of chlorophacinone under drier conditions. Test No. 3, a 24 h test under very wet conditions within the alfalfa field irrigated by overhead sprinklers, had a 92% loss of chlorophacinone. Laboratory studies using controlled environmental conditi ons: light (16 h light:8 h dark), with a mean relative humidity of 98%, and a range of temperature 11.1-27.8[deg]C (52-82[deg]F) showed [ap]50% loss of the chlorophacinone. The magnitude was less (37% at 7 days ) in the environmental ch amber when corrected for water weight gain.

36. Robben, J. H., Mout, H. C. A., and Kuijpers, E. A. P. (1997). Anticoagulant Rodenticide Poisoning in Dogs in The Netherlands (Rodenticide Anticoagul ans-Intoxicatie Bij Ho nden in Nederland). Tijdschr.Diergeneeskd. 122: 466-471 (DUT) (ENG ABS).

Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 75550 Chemical of Concern: BDF,BDL,DFT,CPC; Rejection Code : NON-ENGLISH.

37. Stone, W B, Okoniewski, J C, and Stedelin, J R (1999). Poisoning of wildlife with anticoagulantrodenticides in New York. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 35: 187-193.

Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,BDL,DPC,CPC,WFN; Rejection Code : INCIDENT/SURVEY. From 1971 through 1997, we documented 51 cases (55 individual animals) of poisoning of non-target wildlife in New York (plus two cases in adjoining stat es) (USA) with anticoagulan t rodenticides--all but two of these cases occurred in the last 8 yrs. Brodifacoum was implicated in 80% of the incidents. Diphacinone was identified in four cases, bromadiolone in thre e cases (once in combinati on with brodifacoum), and chlorophacinone and coumatetralyl were detected once each in the company of brodifacoum. Warfarin
accounted for the three cases documen ted prior to 1989, and one case involving a bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in 1995. Secondary intoxication of raptors, principally great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), comprised one-half of the cases. Gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis), raccoons (Pro cyon lotor) and white-tailed deer (O docoileus virginianus) were the most frequently poisoned mammals. All of the deer originated from a rather unique situation on a barrier island off southern Long Island (New York). Restrictions on the use of brodifacoum appear warranted. [Journal Article; In English; United States]



### Refresh May 2010

Chlorophacinone Refresh Papers that Were Accepted

Acceptable for EcoTox and OPP

Arjo, W. M. and Nolte, D. L. (2004). Assessing the Efficacy of Register ed Underground Baiting Products for Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa) Control. Crop Prot. 23: 425-430.

EcoReference No.: 75340 Chemical of Concern: ZnP,STCH,CPC,DPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR; Code : LITE EVAL CODED(ZnP,CPC),NO ENDPOINT(DPC,STCH).

Blus, L. J., Henny, C. J., and Grove, R. A. (1985). Effects of Pelletized Anticoagulant Rodenticides on California Quail. J.Wildl.Dis. 21: 391-395.

EcoReference No.: 47636 Chemical of Concern: DPC,DLD,EN,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : ACC,GRO; Code : LITE EVAL CODED(CPC).

Byers, R. E. (1978). Performance of Rodenticides for the Control of Pine Voles in Orchards. J.Am.Soc.Hortic.Sci.
103: 65-69.

EcoReference No.: 69367 Chemical of Concern: BDL,CPC,EN,ZnP,DPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : BEH,MOR,POP; Code : LITE EVAL CODED(CPC),OK(BDL,ZnP,DPC).

Byers, R. E. and Carbaugh, D. H. (1987). Efficacy of Rodenticides for Control of Orchard Voles.

J.Am.Soc.Hortic.Sci. 112: 267-272.

EcoReference No.: 75393 Chemical of Concern: BDL,BDF,CPC,DPC,CLC,ZnP; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,BEH; Code : LITE EVAL CODED(BDL,BD F,CPC,DPC,CLC,ZnP).

Byers, R. E. and Carbaugh, D. H. (1991). Rodenticides for the Control of Pine and Meadow Voles in Orchards.J.Environ.Hortic. 9: 167-172.

EcoReference No.: 75474 Chemical of Concern: OXT, CLC,ZnP,DFT,BDL,DPC,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : BEH,MOR,POP;
Code : LITE EVAL CODED(BDL,DFT,DPC,CPC,CLC,ZnP),NO ENDPOINT(OXT).

Byers, R. E. and Carbaugh, D. H. (1989). Vole Population Shifts Related to Rodenticide Usage. Hortscience 24:
783-785.

EcoReference No.: 75463 Chemical of Concern: CPC,ZnP,CLC,BDL; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP; Code : LITE EVAL CODED(CPC,ZnP,CLC,BDL).

Merson, M. H. and Byers, R. E. (1985). Weathering and the Field Efficacy of Pelletized Rodenticide Baits in
Orchards. Crop Prot. 4: 511-519.

EcoReference No.: 75532 Chemical of Concern: PVL,BDF,BDL,DPC,CPC,ZnP; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,MOR,BEH; Code : LITE EVAL CODED(BDF,BDL,DPC,CPC,ZnP),OK(PVL).

Tuyttens, F. A. M. and Stuyck, J. J. J. M. (2002). Effec tiveness and Efficiency of Chlo rophacinone Poisoning for the Control of Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) Populations. N.Z.J.Zool. 29: 33-40.

EcoReference No.: 75541 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR; Code : LITE EVAL CODED(CPC).

Chlorophacinone Refresh Papers that Were not Accepted

Acceptable for EcoTox but not OPP

Arjo, W. M., Shwiff, S., and Kirkpatrick, K. (2009). Short-Term Evaluation of Two Integrated Pest Management Programs for Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa) Control. Crop Prot. 28: 703-709.

EcoReference No.: 120014 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,MOR; Code : NO CONTROL,NO ENDPOINT(CPC).

Askham, L. R. (1985). Effectiveness of Two Anticoagulant Rodenticides (Chlorophacinone and Bromadiolone) for Columbian Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus columbianus) Control in Eastern Washington. Crop Prot. 4:
365-371.

EcoReference No.: 75482 Chemical of Concern: BDL,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR; Code : NO ENDPOINT(BDL,CPC).

Berny, P. J., De Oliveira, L. A., Videmann, B., and Rossi, S. (2006). Assessment of Ruminal Degradation, Oral Bioavailability, and Toxic Effects of Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Sheep. Am.J.Vet.Res. 67: 363-371.

EcoReference No.: 120185 Chemical of Concern: BDL,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : BCM,ACC; Code : NO ENDPOINT(BDL,CPC).

Byers, R. E. and Carbaugh, D. H. (1987). Bait Shyness of Pine Voles to Zinc Phosphide and Anticoagulants Storedwith Pesticides. Hortscience 22: 239-241.

EcoReference No.: 75534 Chemical of Concern: BDF,CPC,ZnP; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR,BEH; Code : LITE EVAL CODED(ZnP),NO ENDPOINT(BDF,CPC).

Hadler, M. R., Redfern, R., and Rowe, F. P. (1975). Laboratory Evaluation of Difenacoum as a Rodenticide. J Hyg.,Camb. 74: 441-448.

EcoReference No.: 86457 Chemical of Concern: DFM,WFN,CPC,DPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : PHY,BEH,MOR; Code : NO CONTROL(DFM,WFN,CPC,DPC).

Marsh, R. E., Howard, W. E., and Cole, R. E. (1977). The Toxicity of Chlorophacinone and Diphacinone to Deer
Mice. J.Wildl.Manag. 41: 298-301.

EcoReference No.: 35337 Chemical of Concern: DPC,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR; Code : NO CONTROL(DPC),NO CONTROL,NO ENDPOINT(CPC).

Mathur, R. P. and Prakash, I. (1980). Laboratory Evaluation of Anticoagulant-Treated Baits for Control of the Northern Palm Squirrel, Funambulus pennanti Wroughton. J.Hyg. 85: 421-426.

EcoReference No.: 37842 Chemical of Concern: WFN,CPC,BDF; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR; Code : NO CONTROL(WFN,CPC,BDF).

Mathur, R. P. and Prakash, I. (1984). Reduction in Population of Indian Desert Rodents with Anticoagulant
Rodenticides. Proc.Indian Acad.Sci.Anim.Sci. 93: 585-589.

EcoReference No.: 75442 Chemical of Concern: BDF,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP; Code : NO CONTROL(BDF,CPC).

Nikodemusz, E., Nechay, G., and Imre, R. (1981). Histopathological Changes Resulting by Some Pesticides in the Common Vole (Microtus arvalis pallas). Acta Vet.Acad.Sci.Hung. 29: 317-326.

EcoReference No.: 106598 Chemical of Concern: BMY,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : CEL,PHY; Code : NO ENDPOINT,NO CONTROL(BMY,CPC).

Pelz, H. J. and Gemmeke, H. (1988). Methods to Control th e Two Forms of Arvicola terr estris in Orchards in the Federal Republic of Germany. Bull.OEPP (Org.Eur.Medit.Prot.Plant) 18: 435-439.

EcoReference No.: 75487 Chemical of Concern: BDL,CPC,CLC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : BEH; Code : NO ENDPOINT(BDL,CPC,CLC).

Schafer, E. W. Jr. and Bowles, W. A. Jr. (1985). Acute Oral Toxicity and Repellency of 933 Chemicals to House
and Deer Mice. Arch.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 14: 111-129.

EcoReference No.: 35426
Chemical of Concern: ADC,CST,MOM,CPC,ZnP,DOD,MLN,Cu,AQS,CuCO,RSM,ACL,4AP,DZ,As,IAA,CBL,DNB,Captan,Fo lpet,CAP,DS,TBT,CMPH,FMP,DU,IND,OXT,FNT, BCDI,CXL,STCH,MBTZ,PP X,TDC,FTTCl,LNR,MC B,CuO,CuOX; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR; Code : NO CONTROL(ADC,CST,MOM,CPC,ZnP,DOD,MLN,Cu,AQS,CuCO,RSM,ACL,4AP,DZ,As,IAA,CBL,DNB,Captan,Folpet,CAP,DS,TBT,CMPH,FMP,DU,I ND,OXT,FNT,BCDI,CXL, STCH,PPX,FTTCl,MCB,Cu O),NO ENDPOINT,NO CONTROL(TBT,CMPH,DU,BCDI,MBTZ,TDC,LNR,CuOX).

Vidal, D., Alzaga, V., Luque-Larena, J. J., Mateo, R. , Arroyo, L., and Vinuela, J. (2009). Possible Interaction
Between a Rodenticide Treatment an d a Pathogen in Common Vole (Microtus arvalis) During a Population
Peak. Sci.Total Environ. 408: 267-271.

EcoReference No.: 120171 Chemical of Concern: CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP; Code : NO ENDPOINT(CPC).

Webb, R. E., Hartgrove, R. W., Randolph, W. C., Petrella, V. J., and Horsfall, F. Jr. (1973). Toxicity Studies in Endrin-Susceptible and Resistant Strains of Pine Mice. Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol. 25: 42-57.

EcoReference No.: 39313 Chemical of Concern: CPC,DLD,EN; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR; Code : NO CONTROL(CPC).

Excluded

Albert, C. A., Wilson, L. K., Mineau, P., Trudeau, S., and Elliott, J. E. ( Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Three Owl Species From Western Canada, 1988-2003. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010, Feb; 58(2):451-9. [Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : SURVEY.

AndrÉ, C, Guyon, C., Thomassin, M., Barbier, A., Richert, L., and Guillaume, Y. C. (:9-14 [Journal of chromatography). Association Mechanism Between a Series of Rodenticide and Humic Acid: a Frontal Analysis to Support the Biological Data. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2005, Jun 5 820: B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences].
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

Bennett, B. R. and Grimes, G. S. (1982). Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Chlorophacinone and Diphacinone in Bait Formulations. J.Assoc.Off.Anal.Chem. 65: 927-929.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NO SPECIES.

Binks, S. and Davies, P. ( Case of the Month: &Quot;Oh! Drat!--A Case of Transcutaneous Superwarfarin Poisoning and Its Recurre nt Presentation&Quot. Emerg Med J. 2007, Apr; 24(4):307-8. [Emergency medicine journal : EMJ]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

Blaha, Didier, Sanguin, Hervé, Robe, Patrick, Nalin, Renaud, Bally, René, and Moënne-Loccoz, Yvan (2005-). Physical organization of phytobeneficial genes nifH and ipdC in the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Azospirillum lipoferum 4VI. FEMS Microbiology Letters 244: 157-163.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : BACTERIA.

Bullard, R. W., Holguin, G., and Peterson, J. E. (1975). Determination of Chlorophacinone and Diphenadione Residues in Biological Materials. J.Agric.Food Chem. 23: 72-74.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : IN VITRO.

Chan, J., Vogel, S. M., Wen, J., and Alany, R. G. ( Potentiometric Determination of Ionisation Constants for Diphacinone and Chlorophacinone in a Dioxane-Water Cosolvent System. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2009, Aug 15; 50(1):86-9. [Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : CHEM METHODS.

Del Piero, F. and Poppenga, R. H. ( Chlorophacinone Exposure Causing an Epizootic of Acute Fatal Hemorrhage in
Lambs. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2006, Sep; 18(5):483-5. [Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc]

.Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : INCIDENT.

Fiedler, L. A. (1988). Rodent Pest Problems and Management in Eastern Africa. FAO Plant Prot.Bull. 36: 125-134.
Chem Codes : EcoReference No.: 75721 Chemical of Concern: BDF, Tl,NaFA,ZnP,WFN,CPC,RSG Code : REVIEW.

Fiedler, L. A. (1988). Rodent Pest Problems and Management in Eastern Africa. FAO Plant Prot.Bull. 36: 125-134.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : REVIEW.

Fourel, I., Hugnet, C., Goy-Thollot, I., and Berny, P. ( Validation of a New Liquid Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrometry Ion-Trap Technique for the Simultan eous Determination of Thirteen Anticoagulant Rodenticides, Drugs, or Natural Products. J Anal Toxicol. 2010; 34(2):95-102. [Journal of analytical toxicology]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : CHEM METHODS.

Fournier-Chambrillon Christine, Berny Philippe J, Coiffier Olivier, Barbedienne Phili ppe, Dasse Bernard, Delas Gerard, Galineau Hubert, Mazet Alex andra, Pouzenc Pascal, Rosoux Re ne, and Fournier Pascal (2004). Evidence of Secondary Poisoning of Free-Ranging Riparian Mustelids by Anticoagulant Rodenticides in France: Implications for Conservation of European Mink (Mustela Lutreola). Journal of Wildlife Diseases [J. Wildl. Dis.]. Vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 688-695. Oct 2004. 40: 688-695.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : SURVEY.

Grandemange, A., Kohn, M. H., Lasseur, R., Longin-Sauvageon, C., Berny, P., and Benoit, E. ( Consequences of the Y139f Vkorc1 Mutation on Resistance to Avks: in-Vivo Investigation in a 7th Generation of Congenic
Y139f Strain of Rats. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2009, Oct; 19(10):742-50. [Pharmacogenetics and genomics]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

Grolleau, G. and Paris, G. (1975). Trials of Intoxication of Green Collared Duck, Anas platyrhynchos L. with Coumaphene and Chlorophacinone (Essais d'Intoxication du Canard Col-Vert Anas platyrhynchos L. a l'Aide du Coumafene et du Chlorophacinone). Ann.Zool.Ecol.Anim. 7: 553-556 (FRE) (ENG ABS).
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NON-ENGLISH.

Huergo, Luciano F., Chubatsu, Leda S., Souza, Emanuel M., Pedrosa, Fábio O., Steffens, Maria B. R., and Merrick, Mike (2006-). Interactions between PII proteins and th e nitrogenase regulatory enzymes DraT and DraG in Azospirillum brasilense. FEBS Letters 580: 5232-5236.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : BACTERIA.

Huergo, Luciano F., Filipaki, Angela, Chubatsu, Leda S., Yates, M. Geoffrey, Steffens , Maria Berenice, Pedrosa, Fabio O., and Souza, Emanuel M. (2005-). Effect of the over-expression of PII and PZ proteins on the nitrogenase activity of Azospirillum brasilense. FEMS Microbiology Letters 253: 47-54.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : BACTERIA.

Jin, M. C., Cai, M. Q., and Chen, X. H. ( Simultaneous Measurement of Indandione-Type Rodenticides in Human Serum by Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization- Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol. 2009 Jul-Aug; 33(6):294-300. [Journal of analytical toxicology]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

Jin, M. C., Chen, X. H., Ye, M. L., and Zhu, Y. (1982). Analysis of Indandione Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Animal Liver by Eluent Generator Reagent Free Ion Chromatography Coupled With Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2008, Dec 5 1213: A].
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : CHEM METHODS.

Johnson-Nistler, C. M., Knight, J. E., and Cash, S. D. (2005). Considerations Related to Richardson's Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus Richardsonii) Control in Montana. Agronomy Journal 97 : 1460-1464.Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : SURVEY.

Kim, Kitai, Zhang, Yaoping, and Roberts, Gary P. (2 004-). Characterization of alte red regulation variants of dinitrogenase reductase-activating glyc ohydrolase from Rhodospirillum rubrum. FEBS Letters 559: 84-88.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : BACTERIA.

Lahaye, L., Ganier, P., Thibault, J. N., Riou, Y., and S č ve, B. (2008-). Impact of wheat grinding and pelleting in a wheat-rapeseed meal diet on amino acid ileal digestibility and endogenous losses in pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 141: 287-305.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NUTRIENT.

Lawley, W. J., Charlton, A. J., Hughson, E. J., Grundy, H. H., Brown, P. M., and Jones, A. ( Development of a Cell Culture/Elisa Assay to Detect Anticoagulant Rodenticid es and Its Application to Analysis of Rodenticide
Treated Grain. J Agric Food Chem. 2006, Mar 8; 54(5):1588-93. [Journal of agricultural and food chemistry]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

Marek, L. J. and Koskinen, W. C. ( Multiresidue An alysis of Seven Anticoagulant Rodenticides by HighPerformance Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray/Mass Spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem. 2007, Feb 7; 55(3):571-6. [Journal of agricultural and food chemistry]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : FOOD.

Mariscal-Landín, G., Avellaneda, J. H., Reis de Souza, T. C., Aguilera, A., Borbolla, G. A., and Mar, B. (2004-). Effect of tannins in sorghum on amino acid ileal digestibility and on trypsin (E.C.2.4.21.4) and chymotrypsin (E.C.2.4.21.1) activity of growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 117: 245-
264.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NUTRIENT.

Mariscal-Landín, G., Rodríguez, J. E. L., and Reis de So uza, T. C. (2005-). Evaluation of hulless barley as feed ingredient in growing-finishing pigs diets: amino acid ileal digestibility. Animal Feed Science and Technology 120: 169-176.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NUTRIENT.

Mendenhall, V. M. and Pank, L. F. (1980). Secondar y Poisoning of Owls by Anticoagulant Rodenticides. Wildlife Society Bulletin 8: 311-315.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NO CONC.

Mikkelsen, Lene Lind, Knudsen, Knud Erik Bach, and Jensen, Bent Borg (2004-). In vitro fermentation of fructooligosaccharides and transgalacto-oligosaccharides by adapted and unadapted bacterial populations from the gastrointestinal tract of piglets. Animal Feed Science and Technology 116: 225-238.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : BACTERIA.

Ouyang, X. K., Chen, X. H., Yan, Y. Q., and Jin, M. C. ( Characterization and Determination of Chlorophacinone in Plasma by Ion Chromatography Coupled With Ion Trap Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr. 2009, May; 23(5):524-30. [Biomedical chromatography : BMC]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : CHEM METHODS.

Palander, S., Laurinen, P., Perttilä, S., Valaja, J., and Partanen, K. (2006-). Protein and amino acid digestibility and metabolizable energy value of pea (Pisum sativum), faba bean (Vicia faba) and lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) seeds for turkeys of different age. Animal Feed Science and Technology 127: 89-100.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NUTRIENT.

Papin, F., Clarot, F., Vicomte, C., Gaulier, J. M., Da ubin, C., Chapon, F., Vaz, E., and Proust, B. ( Lethal Paradoxical Cerebral Vein Thrombosis Due to Suspicious Anticoagulant Rodenticide Intoxication With Chlorophacinone. Forensic Sci Int. 2007, Mar 2; 166(2-3): 85-90. [Forensic science international]

.Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

Ponnuraj, Rajdevi K., Rubio, Luis M., Grunwald, Sandra K., and Ludden, Paul W. (2005-). NAD-, NMN-, and NADP-dependent modification of dinitrogenase reduc tases from Rhodospirillum rubrum and Azotobacter
vinelandii. FEBS Letters 579: 5751-5758.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : BACTERIA.

Robben, J. H., Mout, H. C. A., and Kuijpers, E. A. P. (1997). Anticoagulant Rodenticide Poisoning in Dogs in The Netherlands (Rodenticide Anticoagulans-intoxicatie Bij Honden in Nederland). Tijdschr.Diergeneeskd. 122: 466-471 (DUT) (ENG ABS).
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: BDF,BDL,DFT,CPC Code : NON-ENGLISH.

Robben, J. H., Mout, H. C. A., and Kuijpers, E. A. P. (1997). Anticoagulant Rodenticide Poisoning in Dogs in The Netherlands (Rodenticide Anticoagulans-intoxicatie Bij Honden in Nederland). Tijdschr.Diergeneeskd. 122: 466-471 (DUT) (ENG ABS).
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NON-ENGLISH.

Sarabia, J., SÁ, Nchez-Barbudo, I., Siqueira, W., Ma teo, R., RollÁ, N, E., and Pizarrod, M. ( Lesions Associated With the Plexus Venosus Subcutaneus Collaris of Pigeons With Chlorophacinone Toxicosis. Avian Dis. 2008, Sep; 52(3):540-3. [Avian diseases]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NO CONC.

Snow, J. L., Stein, H. H., Ku, P. K., and Trottier, N. L. (2004-). Amino acid digestibility and nitrogen utilization of high oil, high lysine, and waxy maize fed to growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 113: 113-
126.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : NUTRIENT.

Vandenbroucke, V., Desmet, N., De Backer, P., and Croubels, S. (:101-10 [Journal of chromatography). MultiResidue Analysis of Eight Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Animal Plasma and Liver Using Liquid Chromatography Combined With Heated El ectrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2008, Jun 15 869: B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences].
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : CHEM METHODS.

Watt, B. E., Proudfoot, A. T., Bradberry, S. M ., and Vale, J. A. ( Anticoagulant Rodenticides. Toxicol Rev. 2005; 24(4):259-69. [Toxicological reviews]

. Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

Xu, Jin Wen, Ikeda, Katsumi, Kobayakawa, Akira, Ikami, Takao, Kayano, Yasuyo, Mitani, Takahiko, and Yamori, Yukio (2005-). Downregulation of Rac1 activation by caffeic acid in aortic smooth muscle cells. Life

Sciences 76: 2861-2872.
Chem Codes : Chemical of Concern: CPC Code : IN VITRO.

Chlorophacinone Refresh
Other

Target: Toxicity of Chemical on Intended PestAdvani, R. (1995). Mouse Populations and Their Control in New York City. Int.Biodeterior.Biodegrad. 36: 135-
141.

EcoReference No.: 90154 Chemical of Concern: BDF,DPC,ZnP,CPC; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP; Code : TARGET(CPC,BDF).

Vandenbroucke, V., Bousquet-Melou, A., De Backer, P., and Croubels, S. ( Pharmacokinetics of Eight Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Mice After Single Oral Administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2008, Oct; 31(5):437-45. [Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics]

.

Chemical of Concern: CPC; Habitat : T; Code : TARGET(CPC).