June 2011 

Correlation of Recycling Damage Cases with

Regulatory Exclusions, Exemptions or Alternative

Standards

Materials Recovery and Waste Management Division  

Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
2

Introduction

This report presents the results of an analysis of hazardous secondary material recycling‐related

damage cases that are likely correlated with an exclusion, exemption or alternative standard in

the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

(RCRA) hazardous waste management

regulations found in Title 40 of the Code of

Federal Regulations (CFR Parts 260‐279).  

As part of the 2008 rulemaking revising the

Definition of Solid Waste (DSW) regulations, EPA

developed a report, An Assessment of

Environmental Problems Associated with

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials1 and

its addendums (Environmental Problems Study)

that includes 223 damage cases.  As described in

the Environmental Problems Study, EPA used the

following criteria to designate damage cases:

 Environmental damage can be attributed

to some type of recycling activity;  

 Some form of environmental damage

appears to have occurred during or after

the year 1982; and,

 The material recycled was regulated

hazardous wastes, or hazardous

secondary materials that are specifically

excluded from RCRA regulation.  

Additional details about the methodology used

to identify and collect information about the

damage cases, and the information collected, is

contained in the Environmental Problems Study

and addendums.

In response to concerns raised by the Sierra Club

and other environmental organizations, EPA is asking for comment on potential revisions to the

 

1

 An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials, U.S. 

EPA, January 11, 2007 and addendums. 

Report: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/home.html#documentDetail?R=09000064801f3efb 

Addendum: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/home.html#documentDetail?R=09000064806b5741 . 

Addendum, June 2011Docket No. EPA-HQ-RCRA-2010-0742 

Damage Case Information Collected for 

Environmental Problems Study 

 Name, location and EPA Identification 

Number 

 Types of materials recycled 

 Government program responsible for 

overseeing cleanup of the site (e.g. RCRA 

Corrective Action, Superfund) 

 Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) 

status 

 Brief description of the site 

 Site history, including when the recycling 

occurred, and when the environmental 

damage occurred 

 Description of the recycling process 

 Types of environmental damage 

 Cause of environmental damage 

 Human health impacts, including deaths, 

associated with the damage 

 Prosecutions for criminal violations 

 Whether the materials were recycled onsite (i.e., at the generating facility) or 

offsite 

 Whether the recycler went bankrupt or 

otherwise went out of business 

 Whether the recycling facility had a RCRA 

Part B permit for managing hazardous 

wastes 

 Cost of cleanup 

 Other information that could help identify 

why the environmental damage occurred 
3 

2008 DSW final rule. As part of this new 2011 rulemaking, EPA further analyzed the damage

cases identified in the Environmental Problems Study to determine whether the damage cases

were likely associated with an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard within the hazardous

waste management regulations. EPA is using this analysis to help assess whether certain

exclusions, exemptions, or alternate standards are adequately protecting human health and the

environment.

Methodology

The majority of exclusions, exemptions, and alternate standards for recycling hazardous

secondary materials do not include notification requirements. This lack of data hinders EPA’s

ability to collect information regarding what regulations a specific facility was operating under

when damage occurred.  Because this information is limited, the Agency developed a

methodology that correlates the type of hazardous secondary materials identified in the

damage cases to regulations that likely governed the management of the material. This

methodology allows EPA to identify patterns related to the types of hazardous secondary

material involved in damage cases and whether those materials were likely to be managed

under an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard.

Step 1  Identify RCRA regulations associated with recycling of hazardous secondary materials

EPA reviewed the RCRA Subtitle C hazardous waste regulations to identify those regulations

that are associated with hazardous waste recycling. Each regulation was also listed with the

effective date of the regulation.  These regulations include recycling‐related exclusions to the

definition of solid waste under 40 CFR 261.4(a), recycling‐related exemptions from the

definition of hazardous waste under 40 CFR 261.6, and alternate standards for recycling, such

as 40 CFR Part 266 Subpart F (precious metal recycling). 40 CFR 261.7,which excludes residues

of hazardous waste in empty containers, was also included because this regulation is largely

associated with drum recycling.  The recycling‐related regulations used in this analysis are

shown in Table 1.

EPA excluded some recycling‐related regulations that were not specific to a type of hazardous

secondary material. For example, 261.2 (e), Materials that are not solid waste when reused, is

broadly applicable to many recycled materials, and could not be associated with any particular

material in the damage cases and thus was not included in Table 1.

   
4 

Step 2  Categorize the type of hazardous secondary material for each damage case  

EPA categorized the hazardous secondary materials managed in the damage cases into 12

major hazardous secondary material types,

based on the information from the

Environmental Problems Study and

Addendums. These material types are listed in

the box to the right.  EPA identified one or

more of these materials for each damage case.

Step 3  Correlate the list of recycling

regulations to the 12 types of hazardous

secondary material

EPA then correlated the list of recycling‐related

regulations in Table 1 to the 12 hazardous

secondary material types identified in Step 2.

The results of this correlation are listed in Table

1.

  

Step 4  Evaluate the likelihood of correlation

between hazardous secondary material type

to each regulation.  

EPA then evaluated whether each correlation

was either “likely” or “potential,” based on the following criteria:

 Likely –  Correlations were evaluated to be “likely” if the regulations identified a specific

hazardous secondary material type that fit with one of the 12 hazardous secondary

material types in the damage cases. For example, damage cases where the recycled

material is identified as “batteries” are considered to be likely correlated with 40 CFR

273.2 & Part 266 Subpart G – Batteries.   

 Potential –Correlations were evaluated to be “potential” if the hazardous secondary

material type correlated with a regulation was determined to be too broad to make any

direct conclusions. For example, 261.4(a)(7),  Spent Sulfuric Acid  is correlated with “spent

acids/bases”; however, there are many other types of acids and bases and thus we cannot

reasonably assume that all damage cases associated with spent acids and bases involve

spent sulfuric acid.   

     

Recycled Materials from Damage Case 

Database 

 Batteries

 Commercial chemical product 

 Drums 

 Spent solvents 

 Spent acids/bases 

 Used oil 

 Other petroleum wastes 

 Scrap metals 

 Precious metal-containing wastes 

 Mercury-containing wastes 

 Other metal-bearing wastes 

 Other wastes (foundry sands, pollution 

control dusts, smelting wastes, 

combustion ash, asphaltic wastes and 

other wastes that do not fit any of the 

above waste descriptions) 
5 

Table 1.  Correlations between Recycling‐Related Regulations and Type of Hazardous

Secondary Material (HSM) in the Damage Cases  

40 CFR Regulation

Published

Date

Federal Register (FR)

Citation

Type of

HSM in

Damage

Cases  

Match

Type

261.2(c)(3)CCP –

Reclaimed Commercial

Chemical Products

1/4/1985 50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Commercial

chemical

product

Potential

261.4(a)(6) ‐ Pulping

liquors

1/4/1985 50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Other wastes Potential

261.4(a)(7) ‐ Spent sulfuric

acid

1/4/1985 50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Spent

acids/bases

Potential

261.4(a)(9) ‐ Spent wood

preservatives

12/6/1990 55 FR 50450 ‐ Identification

and Listing of Hazardous

Waste (Final)

Other

wastes;

Other metal‐

bearing

wastes

Potential

261.4(a)(10) ‐ Coke by‐

product wastes

2/21/1991 56 FR 7134 ‐ Burning

Hazardous Waste in Boilers

and Industrial Furnaces

(Final)

Other wastes Potential

261.4(a)(11) ‐ Splash

condenser dross residue

8/19/1991 56 FR 41164 ‐ Land Disposal

Restrictions for Electric Arc

Furnace Dust (Final)

Other metal‐

bearing

wastes

Potential

261.4(a)(12) ‐ Hazardous

oil‐bearing secondary

materials and recovered

oil from petroleum

refining operations

7/28/1994 59 FR 38536 ‐ Amendments

to Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Other

petroleum

wastes

Likely

261.4(a)(13) ‐ Processed

scrap metal

5/12/1997 See 62 FR 25998 ‐ Land

Disposal Restrictions‐‐Phase

IV (Final)

Scrap metals Likely

261.4(a)(14) ‐ Shredded

circuit boards

5/12/1997 62 FR 25998 ‐ Land Disposal

Restrictions‐‐Phase IV (Final)

Scrap metals Potential

261.4(a)(15) ‐ Condensates

from kraft mill steam

strippers

4/15/1998 63 FR 18504 ‐ National

Emission Standards for

Hazardous Air Pollutants for

Source Category: Pulp and

Paper Production (Final)

Other wastes Potential
6 

Table 1.  Correlations between Recycling‐Related Regulations and Type of Hazardous

Secondary Material (HSM) in the Damage Cases  

40 CFR Regulation

Published

Date

Federal Register (FR)

Citation

Type of

HSM in

Damage

Cases  

Match

Type

261.4(a)(16) ‐ Comparable

fuels

6/19/1998 63 FR 33782 ‐ RCRA

Comparable Fuel Exclusion

(Final)

Used oil Potential

261.4(a)(17) ‐ Mineral

processing spent materials

5/26/1998 63 FR 28555 ‐ LDR Phase IV,

Treatment Standards for

Mineral Processing Wastes

(Final)

Other wastes Potential

261.4(a)(18) ‐ 

Petrochemical recovered

oil

8/6/1998 63 FR 42110 ‐ Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Identification and Listing of

Hazardous Waste (Final)

63 FR 42110 ‐ Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Identification and Listing of

Hazardous Waste (Final)

Used oil;

Other

petroleum

wastes

Potential

261.4(a)(19) ‐ Spent

caustic solutions from

petroleum refining

8/6/1998 63 FR 42110 ‐ Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Identification and Listing of

Hazardous Waste (Final)

Spent

acids/bases;

Other

petroleum

wastes

Potential

261.4(a)(20) ‐ Hazardous

secondary materials used

to make zinc fertilizers

7/24/2002 67 FR 48393 ‐ Zinc Fertilizers

Made From Recycled

Hazardous Secondary

Materials (Final)

Other metal‐

bearing

wastes

Potential

261.4(a)(21) ‐ Zinc

fertilizers made from

recycled hazardous

secondary materials

7/24/2002 67 FR 48393 ‐ Zinc Fertilizers

Made From Recycled

Hazardous Secondary

Materials (Final)

Other metal‐

bearing

wastes

Potential

261.4(a)(22) ‐ Used

cathode ray tubes (CRTs)

7/28/2006 71 FR 42928 ‐ Cathode Ray

Tubes (Final)

Other metal‐

bearing

wastes

Potential

261.4(b)(12) ‐ Spent

chlorofluorocarbon

refrigerants

2/13/1991 56 FR 5910 ‐‐ Interim Final

Rule ‐ Hazardous Waste

Management System;

Identification and Listing of

Hazardous Waste; Toxicity

Characteristic.

Spent

solvents

Potential
7 

Table 1.  Correlations between Recycling‐Related Regulations and Type of Hazardous

Secondary Material (HSM) in the Damage Cases  

40 CFR Regulation

Published

Date

Federal Register (FR)

Citation

Type of

HSM in

Damage

Cases  

Match

Type

261.4(b)(13) ‐ Used oil

filters

5/20/1992 57 FR 21524 ‐ Hazardous

Waste Management System;

General; Identification and

Listing of Hazardous Waste;

Used Oil (Final)

Scrap metals Potential

261.4(b)(14) ‐ Used oil

distillation bottoms

5/3/1993 58 FR 26420 Final Rule,

Technical Amendments and

Corrections – Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Identification and Listing of

Hazardous Waste; Recycled

Used Oil Management

Standards.

Other

petroleum

wastes; Used

Oil

Potential

261.6(a)(3)(i) ‐ Industrial

ethyl alcohol

1/4/1985 50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Spent

solvents

Potential

261.6(a)(3)(ii) ‐ Scrap

metal

1/4/1985 50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Scrap metals Likely

261.6(a)(3)(iii) ‐ Waste‐

derived fuels from refining

processes

11/29/1985 50 FR 49164 ‐ Burning of

Waste Fuel and Used Oil

Fuel in Boilers and Industrial

Furnaces (Final)

Used oil;

other

petroleum

wastes

Potential

261.6(a)(3)(iv) ‐ Unrefined

waste‐derived fuels and

oils from petroleum

refineries (used oil)

11/29/1985 50 FR 49164 ‐ Burning of

Waste Fuel and Used Oil

Fuel in Boilers and Industrial

Furnaces (Final)

Used oil;

other

petroleum

wastes

Potential

261.7 ‐ Residues of

hazardous waste in empty

containers

11/25/1980 45 FR 78529 – Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Clarification of Regulations

on Hazardous Waste in

Containers (etc.) (Final)

Drums Likely

266 Subpart F ‐ Materials

utilized for precious metal

recovery

1/4/1985 50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Precious

metal‐

containing

wastes

Likely
8 

Table 1.  Correlations between Recycling‐Related Regulations and Type of Hazardous

Secondary Material (HSM) in the Damage Cases  

40 CFR Regulation

Published

Date

Federal Register (FR)

Citation

Type of

HSM in

Damage

Cases  

Match

Type

273.2 & 266 Subpart G ‐ 

Batteries

1/4/1985

5/11/1995

50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

60 FR 25492 ‐ Universal

Waste (Final)

Batteries Likely

273.3 ‐ Pesticides 5/11/1995 60 FR 25492 ‐ Universal

Waste (Final)

Other wastes Potential

273.4 – Mercury

Thermostats & Mercury‐

contained equipment

5/11/1995 –

8/5/2005

60 FR 25492 ‐ Universal

Waste (Final)

70 FR 45520‐ Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Modification of the

Hazardous Waste Program;

Mercury Containing

Equipment (Final)

Mercury‐

containing

wastes

Likely

273.5 ‐ Lamps 7/6/1999 64 FR 36488 – Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Modification of the

Hazardous Waste Program;

Hazardous Waste Lamps

(Final)

Mercury‐

containing

wastes

Potential

279 – Used Oil 9/10/1992 57 FR 41566 – Recycled

Used Oil Management

Standards (Final)

Used Oil Likely

Step 5  Remove “Potential” correlations

After evaluating the correlations, EPA identified 8 likely correlations and 23 potential

correlations (shown in Table 1).  Because the potential correlations are not strong correlations

and thus cannot be used to make reasonable assumptions within this analysis,  we did not

consider these further in the study. Table 2 includes the 8 likely correlations after the 23

potential correlations are eliminated.

   
9 

Table 2.  Likely Correlations between Recycling‐Related Regulations and Type of Hazardous

Secondary Material from Damage Cases

40 CFR Regulation

Published

Date

Federal Register (FR)

Citation

Type of

HSM in

Damage

Cases

Match

Type

261.4(a)(12) ‐ Hazardous

oil‐bearing secondary

materials and recovered

oil from petroleum

refining operations

7/28/1994 59 FR 38536 ‐ Amendments

to Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Other

petroleum

wastes

Likely

261.4(a)(13) ‐ Processed

scrap metal

5/12/1997 See 62 FR 25998 ‐ Land

Disposal Restrictions‐‐Phase

IV (Final)

Scrap metals Likely

261.6(a)(3)(ii) ‐ Scrap

metal

1/4/1985 50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Scrap metals Likely

261.7 ‐ Residues of

hazardous waste in empty

containers

11/25/1980 45 FR 78529 – Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Clarification of Regulations

on Hazardous Waste in

Containers (etc.) (Final)

Drums Likely

266 Subpart F ‐ Materials

utilized for precious metal

recovery

1/4/1985 50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

Precious

metal‐

containing

wastes

Likely

273.2 – Batteries & 266

Subpart G

1/4/1985

5/11/1995

50 FR 614 ‐ Amendments to

Definition of Solid Waste

(Final)

60 FR 25492 ‐ Universal

Waste (Final)

Batteries Likely

273.4 – Mercury

Thermostats & Mercury‐

contained equipment

5/11/1995 –

8/5/2005

60 FR 25492 ‐ Universal

Waste (Final)

70 FR 45520‐ Hazardous

Waste Management System;

Modification of the

Hazardous Waste Program;

Mercury Containing

Equipment (Final)

Mercury‐

containing

wastes

Likely

279 – Used Oil 9/10/1992 57 FR 41566 – Recycled

Used Oil Management

Standards (Final)

Used Oil Likely

   
10 

Step 6  Identify the start and end dates of the damage in each damage case  

EPA identified the start and end dates for the recycling activities associated with environmental

damage for each damage case based on the information from the Environmental Problems

Study and Addendums.  For each damage case, EPA reviewed the damage case history and

identified the dates on which the damage‐related recycling activities began and ended.  Where

historical information about damage‐related recycling activities was not available, EPA assumed

recycling activities began when the facility began operation, and ceased when the facility was

abandoned or site operations ceased.   

Step 7  Correlate the damage cases to an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard  

EPA then analyzed which damage cases may be correlated with a regulation by 1) comparing

the type of hazardous secondary material in each damage case to whether that type of

hazardous secondary material was likely correlated with an exclusion, exemption, or alternate

standard; and 2) comparing the date of the damage case to the effective date of the regulation.

EPA assumed that a damage case was correlated with a regulation where all of the criteria

below were met:  

 The damage case included recycling of a hazardous secondary material that could be

correlated to an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard.

 The correlation between the type of hazardous secondary material and the regulation

was determined to be “likely” in Step 4.

 The regulation was effective when the damage occurred.

Results

118 damage cases out of a total 223 (53%) were found to be likely correlated with one or more

regulatory exclusions, exemptions, or alternative standards. Table 3 shows the number of

damage cases likely correlated with a specific regulation.  Additionally, Table 4 lists each

damage case counted in Table 3 by the type of hazardous secondary material. Table 5 lists the

same damage cases ranked alphabetically by state.   

EPA notes that these results potentially underreport damage cases that may be associated with

other exclusions, exemptions, or alternative standards. There are two reasons for this:  

 First, as discussed, these regulations do not require periodic notification to regulatory

authorities and thus the Agency has to rely on comparing the type of hazardous

secondary materials associated with the damage cases to the type of hazardous

secondary material covered by the exclusions, exemptions, or alternate standards. This

means we can only conservatively identify correlations where the type of hazardous

secondary material very clearly matches to an exclusion (e.g., scrap metal); we lack

information to make inferences for broadly applicable exclusions, (e.g., use/reuse) or for

broadly defined hazardous secondary materials (e.g., “metal‐bearing wastes”).   
11 

 Second, we note that in the Environmental Problems Study only nine of the damage

cases were operating under a RCRA permit at the time of damage. Thus, the majority of

the damage cases were operating outside of RCRA, inferring these facilities were likely

operating under an exclusion, exemption, or alternate standard.  

Readers seeking more information about a particular damage case are encouraged to consult

An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with Recycling of Hazardous Secondary

Materials, U.S. EPA, January 11, 2007 and addendums:

http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/home.html#documentDetail?R=09000064801f3efb

   
12 

Table 3: Count of Damage Cases by Type of Recycled Material that are Likely Correlated with a

Regulatory Exclusion, Exemption or Alternative Standard

Type of Recycled Materials Likely Regulatory Citation

Count

of

Damage

Cases*

% of Total

Damage

Cases**

Batteries 40 CFR 273.2 and 40 CFR 266 Subpart G ‐ Spent

lead‐acid batteries being reclaimed 35 15.7%

Drums 40 CFR 261.7 ‐ Residues of hazardous waste in

empty containers 23 10.3%

Mercury‐containing wastes

273.4 ‐ Mercury Thermostats & Mercury‐

contained equipment 10 4.5%

Other petroleum wastes

261.4(a)(12) ‐ Hazardous oil‐bearing secondary

materials and recovered oil from petroleum

refining operations

1 0.4%

Precious metal‐containing wastes

40 CFR 266 Subpart F ‐ Materials utilized for

precious metal recovery

5 2.2%

Scrap metals 261.4(a)(13) ‐ Processed scrap metal

261.6(a)(3)(ii) ‐ Scrap metal 52 23.3%

Used oil 40 CFR part 279 – Used Oil 6 2.7%

   

*Some damage cases are associated with more than one type of recycled material and thus can be counted more

than once in this column.

**There are 223 total Damage Cases included in the Environmental Problems Study and its Addendums.
Table 4: Damage Cases Listed by Type of Recycled Material

(Some damage cases are associated with more than one type of recycled material and are listed more tha

# State Site Name EPA ID Ty

1 AL Interstate Lead Co. (ILCO) ALD041906173 Batter2 CA Alco Pacific CAD008387250 Batter3 CA GNB Incorporated (now Exide Technologies) CAD097854541 Batter4 CA Sierra Battery Sales CAD983650128 Batter5 CA United Metal Recovery NOT PROVIDED Batter6 CA Victor Industrial Battery NOT PROVIDED Batter7 DE Diamond State Salvage DE0000122218 Batter8 FL Don’s Recycling (aka Al Salvaged Auto Parts) FLR000085878 Batter9 FL Miami Battery FLD004119426 Batter

10 FL Schuylkill Metals Corp. FLD062794003 Batter11 FL Singleton Battery FLD980845697 Batter12 FL Singleton Battery/TPA FLD047090725 Batter13 FL United Metals, Inc. FLD098924038 Batter14 GA Exide Technologies (formerly GNB Technologies, Inc.) GAD070330576 Batter15 NC Battery Tech (Duracell‐Lexington) NCD000648402 Batter16 NJ Matteo Iron and Metal NJD991304072 Batter17 NM Cal West Metals NMD097960272 Batter18 NY Mercury Refining, Inc. NYD048148175 Batter19 NY Revere Smelting and Refining Corporation of NJ NYD030485288 Batter20 OH Master Metals Inc. OHD097613871 Batter21 OH Midwest Guardian OHD048782049 Batter22 OH ONARP Inc. (Mel’s Battery) OHD980995963 Batter23 OR Bergsoe Metal Corporation ORD991281460 Batter24 OR Environmental Pacific Corporation ORD980977334 Batter25 PA East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. PAD002330165 Batter26 PA Tonolli Corporation PAD073613663 Batter
# State Site Name EPA ID Ty

27 PR Scorpio Recycling, Inc. PRD987376662 Batter28 PR V&M / Albaladejo PRD987366101 Batter29 TN College Grove Battery Chip TNSFN0406979 Batter30 TN Ross Metals, Inc. TND096070396 Batter31 TX Poly‐Cycle Industries TXT490012689 Batter32 VA Old Salem Tannery II VAD988170437 Batter33 WA Beacon Battery Co. NOT PROVIDED Batter34 WA Dyno Battery Co. WAH000003996 Batter35 WA Nooksack Valley Disposal WAD057315624 Batter36 CA Cooper Drum Co. CAD055753370 Drums37 CA Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co. CAD029295706 Drums38 CA Myers Drum CAD009123217 Drums39 CT National Oil Services CTD162235782 Drums40 CT Zollo Drum Company CTD075394254 Drums41 DE Diamond State Salvage DE0000122218 Drums42 FL 43rd St. Bay Drum and Steel Company FLR000033514 Drums43 FL Callaway & Son Drum Service FLD094590916 Drums44 FL Helms Drum Service NOT PROVIDED Drums45 FL Rouse Steel Drum Co. FLD032391542 Drums46 IN David John Property NOT PROVIDED Drums47 IN Hassan Barrel Company IND078902202 Drums48 NJ Lightman Drum Company NJD014743678 Drums49 NJ Martin Aaron, Inc. NJD014623854 Drums50 NY Feldman Barrel & Drum NYD013721907 Drums51 OH Columbus Steel Drum Company OHD004291654 Drums52 OH County Line Auto Parts (Imthurn Drum Site) OHR000022327 Drums53 OH Queen City Barrel Co. OHD004477634 Drums54 OK Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental OKD089761290 Drums55 RI Efros Barrel Co. RID980732135 Drums
# State Site Name EPA ID Ty

56 RI New England Container Co. RID048976732 Drums57 TN Dixie Barrel & Drum TND034692632 Drums58 TX J.C. Pennco Waste Oil Service TXD982164162 Drums59 CA Recyclights West LLC NOT PROVIDED Mercu60 FL Energy Savings LTD, Inc. FLR000032821 Mercu61 FL Joel C. Patterson and AC FLR000012955 Mercu62 MO Echo Valley Recycling Enterprises NOT PROVIDED Mercu63 NH Consolidated Recycling, Inc. NHD500014436 Mercu64 NY Mercury Refining, Inc. NYD048148175 Mercu65 OH American Recycling Company OHD000720110 Mercu66 OK Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental OKD089761290 Mercu67 OR Lighting Recyclers, Inc. ORQ000005629 Mercu68 WA Island Recycling NOT PROVIDED Mercu69 FL Don’s Recycling (aka Al Salvaged Auto Parts) FLR000085878 Other 70 CA Commodity Refining Exchange CAD981402522 Precio71 NJ Zschiegner Refining Co. NJD986643153 Precio72 NY Mercury Refining, Inc. NYD048148175 Precio73 OR Dennis Residence ORQ000020297 Precio74 OR Grant Warehouse ORQ000010405 Precio75 AL Union Foundry Company ALD047158266 Scrap 76 AZ Phelps Dodge New Cornelia Branch Facility AZD081687063 Scrap 77 CA Berman Steel – Salinas CAD981624950 Scrap 78 CA Federated Metals CAD009134636 Scrap 79 CA Halaco Engineering Incorporated CAR000177709 Scrap 80 CA K & D Salvage Yard NOT PROVIDED Scrap 81 CA Mobile Smelting CAD050096163 Scrap 82 CA United Metal Recovery NOT PROVIDED Scrap 83 DE Diamond State Salvage DE0000122218 Scrap 84 FL Aerospace Recycling (Gerald B. Stringham, Jr.) FLD984258707 Scrap 
# State Site Name EPA ID Ty

85 FL Crosby Motors FL0000562603 Scrap 86 IL Circle Smelting Corporation ILD050231976 Scrap 87 IL J Pitt Melt Shop ILN000508169 Scrap 88 IL R. Lavin and Sons ILD097271563 Scrap 89 IN Continental Steel Corp. IND001213503 Scrap 90 IN Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage IND065548703 Scrap 91 IN Hayes Lemmerz International Inc. IND980904528 Scrap 92 MA JG Grant & Sons Inc. MAD071707301 Scrap 93 MA Zimble Drum MAN000103183 Scrap 94 MI Carter Industrials, Inc. MID980274179 Scrap 95 MI Pellestar Limited MIN000508651 Scrap 96 MO Missouri Electric Works MOD980965982 Scrap 97 NC Nucor Corporation, Inc. NOT PROVIDED Scrap 98 NH Harding Metals Inc. NHD018955641 Scrap 99 NJ Boro Auto Wreckers, Inc. NJD091397299 / NJR000013623 Scrap 

100 NJ Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc. NJD011717584 Scrap 101 NJ Franklin Burn NJD986570992 Scrap 102 NJ Griffin Pipe Products Company NJD003951985 Scrap 103 NJ Matteo Iron and Metal NJD991304072 Scrap 104 NJ Pittsburgh Metal & Equipment NJD000540062 or NJD981490295 Scrap 105 NM Pagano Salvage NMD980749980 Scrap 106 NY Bern Metals NYD986910057 Scrap 107 NY Consolidated Iron and Metal NY0002455756 Scrap 108 OH River Recycling Industries, Inc. OHD004187035 Scrap 109 OR Bergsoe Metal Corporation ORD991281460 Scrap 110 PA Gettysburg Foundry Specialties Company PAD003009362 Scrap 111 PR Scorpio Recycling, Inc. PRD987376662 Scrap 112 PR V&M / Albaladejo PRD987366101 Scrap 113 RI Metals Recycling, LLC RID980732135 Scrap 
# State Site Name EPA ID Ty

114 TN Refined Metals Corporation TND067690040 Scrap 115 TN Ross Metals, Inc. TND096070396 Scrap 116 TX Lyon Property TX0001861731 Scrap 117 TX Melton Kelly Property TX0000852111 Scrap 118 TX Rockwool Industries, Inc. TXD06637964 Scrap 119 UT OMG Air Emissions UTD982589848 Scrap 120 VA Bingham & Taylor VAD003064490 Scrap 121 WA CleanCare Corporation WASFN1002182 Scrap 122 WA Emerald Recycling WAD058367152 Scrap 123 WA Hand in Hand Recycling NOT PROVIDED Scrap 124 WA Island Recycling NOT PROVIDED Scrap 125 WA Maralco WAD053825352 Scrap 126 WV Red Jacket Salvage Yard WVN000306116 Scrap 127 FL Danmark, Inc. FL0001093103 Used o128 FL International Processing Specialists (IPS) (aka BCX Facility) FLD982109761 Used o129 GA Joe Sikes Oil Service, Inc. GAD981262470 Used o130 IL Clayton Chemical Company ILD066918327 Used o131 OK Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental OKD089761290 Used o132 OR ThermoFluids Inc. ORQ000001974 Used o
Table 5: Damage Cases and Type of Recycled Materials Listed by State

# State Site Name EPA ID Type o

1 AL Interstate Lead Co. (ILCO) ALD041906173 Batteries2 AL Union Foundry Company ALD047158266 Scrap metals3 AZ Phelps Dodge New Cornelia Branch Facility AZD081687063 Scrap metals4 CA Alco Pacific CAD008387250 Batteries5 CA Berman Steel – Salinas CAD981624950 Scrap metals6 CA Commodity Refining Exchange CAD981402522 Precious metal‐co7 CA Cooper Drum Co. CAD055753370 Drums8 CA Federated Metals CAD009134636 Scrap metals9 CA GNB Incorporated (now Exide Technologies) CAD097854541 Batteries

10 CA Halaco Engineering Incorporated CAR000177709 Scrap metals11 CA K & D Salvage Yard NOT PROVIDED Scrap metals12 CA Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co. CAD029295706 Drums13 CA Mobile Smelting CAD050096163 Scrap metals14 CA Myers Drum CAD009123217 Drums15 CA Recyclights West LLC NOT PROVIDED Mercury‐containi16 CA Sierra Battery Sales CAD983650128 Batteries17 CA United Metal Recovery NOT PROVIDED Scrap metals; Bat18 CA Victor Industrial Battery NOT PROVIDED Batteries19 CT National Oil Services CTD162235782 Drums20 CT Zollo Drum Company CTD075394254 Drums21 DE Diamond State Salvage DE0000122218 Batteries; Drums; 22 GA Joe Sikes Oil Service, Inc. GAD981262470 Used oil23 FL 43rd St. Bay Drum and Steel Company FLR000033514 Drums24 FL Aerospace Recycling (Gerald B. Stringham, Jr.) FLD984258707 Scrap metals25 FL Callaway & Son Drum Service FLD094590916 Drums26 FL Crosby Motors FL0000562603 Scrap metals27 FL Danmark, Inc. FL0001093103 Used oil28 FL Don’s Recycling (aka Al Salvaged Auto Parts) FLR000085878 Other petroleum 
# State Site Name EPA ID Type o

29 FL Energy Savings LTD, Inc. FLR000032821 Mercury‐containi30 FL Helms Drum Service NOT PROVIDED Drums31 FL

International Processing Specialists (IPS) (aka BCX

Facility) FLD982109761 Used oil

32 FL Joel C. Patterson and AC FLR000012955 Mercury‐containi33 FL Miami Battery FLD004119426 Batteries34 FL Rouse Steel Drum Co. FLD032391542 Drums35 FL Schuylkill Metals Corp. FLD062794003 Batteries36 FL Singleton Battery FLD980845697 Batteries37 FL Singleton Battery/TPA FLD047090725 Batteries38 FL United Metals, Inc. FLD098924038 Batteries39 GA Exide Technologies (formerly GNB Technologies, Inc.) GAD070330576 Batteries40 IL Circle Smelting Corporation ILD050231976 Scrap metals41 IL Clayton Chemical Company ILD066918327 Used oil42 IL J Pitt Melt Shop ILN000508169 Scrap metals43 IL R. Lavin and Sons ILD097271563 Scrap metals44 IN Continental Steel Corp. IND001213503 Scrap metals45 IN Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage IND065548703 Scrap metals46 IN David John Property NOT PROVIDED Drums47 IN Hassan Barrel Company IND078902202 Drums48 IN Hayes Lemmerz International Inc. IND980904528 Scrap metals49 MA JG Grant & Sons Inc. MAD071707301 Scrap metals50 MA Zimble Drum MAN000103183 Scrap metals51 MI Carter Industrials, Inc. MID980274179 Scrap metals52 MI Pellestar Limited MIN000508651 Scrap metals53 MO Echo Valley Recycling Enterprises NOT PROVIDED Mercury‐containi54 MO Missouri Electric Works MOD980965982 Scrap metals55 NC Battery Tech (Duracell‐Lexington) NCD000648402 Batteries56 NC Nucor Corporation, Inc. NOT PROVIDED Scrap metals
# State Site Name EPA ID Type o

57 NH Consolidated Recycling, Inc. NHD500014436 Mercury‐containi58 NH Harding Metals Inc. NHD018955641 Scrap metals59 NJ Boro Auto Wreckers, Inc. NJD091397299 / NJR000013623 Scrap metals60 NJ Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc. NJD011717584 Scrap metals61 NJ Franklin Burn NJD986570992 Scrap metals62 NJ Griffin Pipe Products Company NJD003951985 Scrap metals63 NJ Lightman Drum Company NJD014743678 Drums64 NJ Martin Aaron, Inc. NJD014623854 Drums65 NJ Matteo Iron and Metal NJD991304072 Scrap metals; Bat66 NJ Pittsburgh Metal & Equipment NJD000540062 or NJD981490295 Scrap metals67 NJ Zschiegner Refining Co. NJD986643153 Precious metal‐co68 NM Cal West Metals NMD097960272 Batteries69 NM Pagano Salvage NMD980749980 Scrap metals70 NY Bern Metals NYD986910057 Scrap metals71 NY Consolidated Iron and Metal NY0002455756 Scrap metals72 NY Feldman Barrel & Drum NYD013721907 Drums73 NY Mercury Refining, Inc. NYD048148175 Mercury‐containi

metal containing 

74 NY Revere Smelting and Refining Corporation of NJ NYD030485288 Batteries75 OH American Recycling Company OHD000720110 Mercury‐containi76 OH Columbus Steel Drum Company OHD004291654 Drums77 OH County Line Auto Parts (Imthurn Drum Site) OHR000022327 Drums78 OH Master Metals Inc. OHD097613871 Batteries79 OH Midwest Guardian OHD048782049 Batteries80 OH ONARP Inc.(Mel’s Battery) OHD980995963 Batteries81 OH Queen City Barrel Co. OHD004477634 Drums82 OH River Recycling Industries, Inc. OHD004187035 Scrap metals83 OK Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental OKD089761290 Drums; Mercury‐84 OR Bergsoe Metal Corporation ORD991281460 Scrap metals; Bat
# State Site Name EPA ID Type o

85 OR Dennis Residence ORQ000020297 Precious metal‐co86 OR Environmental Pacific Corporation ORD980977334 Batteries87 OR Grant Warehouse ORQ000010405 Precious metal‐co88 OR Lighting Recyclers, Inc. ORQ000005629 Mercury‐containi89 OR ThermoFluids Inc. ORQ000001974 Used oil90 PA East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. PAD002330165 Batteries91 PA Gettysburg Foundry Specialties Company PAD003009362 Scrap metals92 PA Tonolli Corporation PAD073613663 Batteries93 PR Scorpio Recycling, Inc. PRD987376662 Scrap metals; Bat94 PR V&M / Albaladejo PRD987366101 Scrap metals; Bat95 RI Efros Barrel Co. RID980732135 Drums96 RI Metals Recycling, LLC RID980732135 Scrap metals97 RI New England Container Co. RID048976732 Drums98 TN College Grove Battery Chip TNSFN0406979 Batteries99 TN Dixie Barrel & Drum TND034692632 Drums

100 TN Refined Metals Corporation TND067690040 Scrap metals101 TN Ross Metals, Inc. TND096070396 Batteries; Scrap m102 TX J.C. Pennco Waste Oil Service TXD982164162 Drums103 TX Lyon Property TX0001861731 Scrap metals104 TX Melton Kelly Property TX0000852111 Scrap metals105 TX Poly‐Cycle Industries TXT490012689 Batteries106 TX Rockwool Industries, Inc. TXD06637964 Scrap metals107 UT OMG Air Emissions UTD982589848 Scrap metals108 VA Bingham & Taylor VAD003064490 Scrap metals109 VA Old Salem Tannery II VAD988170437 Batteries110 WA Beacon Battery Co. NOT PROVIDED Batteries111 WA CleanCare Corporation WASFN1002182 Scrap metals112 WA Dyno Battery Co. WAH000003996 Batteries113 WA Emerald Recycling WAD058367152 Scrap metals
# State Site Name EPA ID Type o

114 WA Hand in Hand Recycling NOT PROVIDED Scrap metals115 WA Island Recycling NOT PROVIDED Scrap metals; Me116 WA Maralco WAD053825352 Scrap metals117 WA Nooksack Valley Disposal WAD057315624 Batteries118 WV Red Jacket Salvage Yard WVN000306116 Scrap metals