## Section 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-1 

# 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks Human health benchmarks are required by the Human Health Risk Module to evaluate human health effects that may result from exposure to chemicals released to the environment from WMUs. Benchmarks are used in the Human Health Risk Module to evaluate exposure through the following pathways:



# # Ingestion of water 

# # Ingestion of food products (i.e., beef, milk, fruits, and vegetables) 

# # Ingestion of fish 

# # Ingestion of soil 

# # Inhalation of ambient air 

# # Inhalation of air during showering. This section describes the identification of human health benchmarks used. 

# 15.1 Parameters Collected The human health benchmarks used by the 3MRA modeling system are oral reference doses (RfDs), inhalation reference concentrations(RfCs), oral cancer slope factors (CSFs), and inhalation CSFs. The benchmarks are chemical-specific. Human health benchmarks are applied nationally and do not vary by site or region. The human health benchmarks do not vary between receptors (i.e., residents, home gardeners, farmers, and recreational fishers) or age groups. 

# 15.2 Data Sources The following sources provide the human health benchmarks used for constituents in the Human Risk Module:



# # Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) 

# # Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST) 

# # Superfund Technical Support Center 

# # Various other U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) criteria documents 

# # Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) 

# # California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA). IRIS is an EPA electronic database containing information on human health effects (U.S. EPA, 1999a). Each chemical file contains descriptive and quantitative information on potential health effects. Health benchmarks for chronic noncarcinogenic health effects include RfDs and RfCs. Cancer classifications, oral CSFs, and oral and inhalation unit risk factors (URFs) are

## Section 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-2 included for carcinogenic effects. IRIS is the official repository of EPA-wide consensus human health risk information. HEAST is a listing of provisional noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic health benchmarks (RfDs, RfCs, CSFs, and URFs) derived by the U.S. EPA (1997). Although the health benchmarks in HEAST have undergone review, they are not recognized as Agency-wide consensus information and have not been updated since 1997. The Superfund Technical Support Center (EPA’s National Center for Environmental Assessment) (U.S. EPA, n.d.) derives provisional RfCs, RfDs, CSFs, and URFs for certain chemicals. These health benchmarks can be found in NCEA risk assessment issue papers. These values have not undergone EPA’s formal review process and, therefore, do not represent verified EPA benchmarks. EPA also may derive health benchmark values in other risk assessment documents such as Health Assessment Documents (HADs), Health Effect Assessments (HEAs), Health and Environmental Effects Profiles (HEEPs), Health and Environmental Effects Documents (HEEDs), Drinking Water Criteria Documents (DWCDs), and Ambient Water Quality Criteria Documents (AWQCDs). Evaluations of potential carcinogenicity of chemicals in support of reportable quantity adjustments have been published by EPA’s Carcinogen Assessment Group (CAG) and may include cancer potency factor estimates. Health benchmark values identified in these EPA documents are not recognized as Agency-wide consensus information, however. EPA also has established toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) to calculate CSFs for some dioxin-like compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (U.S. EPA, 1993, 1998). The ATSDR Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) are substance-specific health guidance levels for noncarcinogenic endpoints. An MRL is an estimate of the daily human exposure to a hazardous substance that is likely to be without appreciable risk of adverse noncancer health effects over a specified exposure duration. MRLs are derived for acute, intermediate, and chronic exposure durations for oral and inhalation routes of exposure. Inhalation and oral MRLs are similar to EPA’s RfCs and RfDs, respectively; however, MRLs are intended to serve as screening levels. MRLs are available on ATSDR’s web site, but are detailed in individual ATSDR Toxicological Profiles. CalEPA has developed unit risk and cancer potency factors for chemicals regulated under California’s Hot Spots Air Toxics program (CalEPA, 1995, 1999a). Cancer potency factors, analogous to EPA’s oral and inhalation CSFs, are described in Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines: Part II. Technical Support Document for Describing Available Cancer Potency Factors(CalEPA, 1999a). This document, as well as a list of additional cancer potency factors, is available on CalEPA’s web site. CalEPA also has developed a number of TEFs for PAHs (see Benzo[a]pyrene as a Toxic Air Contaminant, Part B, Health Assessment [CalEPA, 1994]). CalEPA also has developed chronic inhalation reference exposure levels (RELs), analogous to U.S. EPA’s RfCs, for 120 substances (CalEPA, 1997, 1999b). CalEPA used U.S. EPA’s 1994 inhalation dosimetry methodology to derive inhalation RELs. The inhalation RELs are available in the following two documents: Technical Support Document for the Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels(Draft for Public Review,

## Section 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-3 CalEPA, 1997) and Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines: Part III. Technical Support Document for the Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels (SRP Draft, CalEPA, 1999b). The unit risk, cancer potency factors, and inhalation RELs have undergone internal peer review by various California agencies and have been the subject of public comment. 

# 15.3 Methodology Agency and alternative health benchmarks were sought for 467 chemical constituents. These chemicals are those covered by the Hazardous Waste Identification Rule (HWIR), which represents a fairly inclusive list of chemicals of potential concern. All identified human health benchmarks were maintained in a database. A hierarchy was established to select human health benchmarks from available sources. EPA benchmarks were preferred over non-Agency values in the following order:



# # IRIS 

# # HEAST 

# # EPA TEFs 

# # Superfund Technical Support Center 

# # Various other EPA criteria documents. For constituents lacking Agency benchmarks, alternative benchmarks or toxicological data were sought. Alternative human health benchmarks were identified and maintained in the database; however, no alternative benchmarks were used for the test constituents pending evaluation of their appropriateness. Alternative human health benchmarks used to fill data gaps included (in the following order):



# # ATSDR MRLs



# # CalEPA cancer potency factors and chronic RELs



# # CalEPA TEFs



# # Additional TEFs (Nisbet and LaGoy 1992)



# # Values derived by Research Triangle Institute for Office of Solid Waste (OSW) programs. Because human health benchmark values must reflect ongoing Agency workgroup activities as well as other major benchmark reviews, the database will be updated at regular intervals prior to use in the Human Risk Module to reflect any changes that have occurred since its initial development. If inhalation CSFs were not available, then they were converted from URFs using the following equation: inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1

# = inhal URF (:

# g/m3

# ) -1

# x 70 kg x 1,000 :

# g/mg ÷ 20 m3

# /d (15-1)

## Section 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-4 where 70 kg = default adult human body weight 20 m3

# /d = default adult human daily rate of inhalation 1,000 :

# g = 1 mg. Cancer slope factors for some dioxin-like compounds and PAHs were calculated by using the toxicity equivalency factor (TEF) approach. For the TEF approach, the toxicity of a group of chemically related constituents that typically occur in the environment as mixtures is based on estimates of the toxic potency of each constituent as compared with a reference compound within the group. TEF estimates are based on a knowledge of the mechanism of action, available experimental data, and other structure-activity information. TEFs have been established for a number of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners thought to have dioxin-like toxicity (Ahlborg et al., 1994; Nisbet and LaGoy, 1992; U.S. EPA, 1998). TEFs for several PAHs also have been established (CalEPA, 1994; U.S. EPA, 1993). 15.3.1 Quality Assurance/Quality Control All human health benchmark values identified from EPA or non-EPA sources that have been entered into the database have undergone extensive quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) review. Additional entries and revisions to the database will receive the same level of QA/QC review (e.g., verification by an independent reviewer). 

# 15.4 Results Currently, only EPA-derived human health benchmarks (e.g., IRIS, HEAST, EPA TEFs), are used. Table 15A-1 (see Appendix 15A) summarizes the EPA-derived RfDs, RfCs, oral CSFs, and inhalation CSFs available for the 467 chemical constituents. RfDs are provided for individual ingestion exposure pathways: foods other than fish (labeled “food,” i.e., fruits, vegetables, beef, and milk), soil, water, and fish. Oral CSFs are provided for food (i.e., all foods including fish), soil, and water ingestion exposure pathways. RfCs and inhalation CSFs are provided for the inhalation exposure pathway. The distinction between food and fish results from a few constituents (e.g., mercury) having different toxicity values for fish and for foods other than fish. For most constituents, a single oral RfD and/or oral CSF is applied for the ingestion of food, fish, soil, and water. Tables 15A-2, 15A-3, 15A-4, and 15A-5 present all identified human health benchmarks for the 467 chemical constituents. Table 15A-2 presents all available EPA-derived and alternative oral noncancer benchmarks (i.e., EPA RfDs and ATSDR oral MRLs). EPA RfDs are provided for food (other than fish), water, and fish ingestion pathways. Sources of the EPAderived benchmarks (e.g., IRIS, HEAST) accompany each value. Table 15A-3 presents all available oral cancer benchmarks (i.e., EPA oral CSFs, CalEPA oral CSFs, and TEFs). EPA CSFs are provided for food and water ingestion pathways. Some CSFs were calculated using EPA-derived TEFs. All available inhalation noncancer benchmarks (i.e., EPA RfCs, ATSDR inhalation MRLs, CalEPA inhalation RELs, and provisional RfCs derived for the 1999 Air Characteristic Study) are presented in Table 15A-4. All available inhalation cancer benchmarks

## Section 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-5 (i.e., EPA inhalation CSFs, EPA inhalation URFs, CalEPA inhalation CSFs, and CalEPA inhalation URFs) are presented in Table 15A-5. Some inhalation CSFs were calculated from URFs. 

# 15.5 Issues and Uncertainties Uncertainties generally associated with human health benchmarks are discussed in detail in EPA’s Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogenic Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 1996), Methods for Derivation of Inhalation Reference Concentrations and Application of Inhalation Dosimetry (U.S. EPA, 1994), and IRIS (U.S. EPA, 1999a). EPA defines the RfD (or RfC) as “an estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime” (U.S. EPA, 1994, 1999a). RfDs and RfCs are based on an assumption of lifetime exposure and may not be appropriate when applied to less-than-lifetime exposure situations (U.S. EPA, 1999a). The CSF is an upper-bound estimate of the human cancer risk per mg of chemical per kg body weight per day. The unit risk, which is calculated from the slope factor, is an estimate in terms of the risk per :

# g/L drinking water or the risk per :

# g/m3

# air concentration (U.S. EPA, 1999a). Uncertainty and variability in the toxicological and epidemiological data from which RfDs and RfCs are derived are accounted for by a pplying uncertainty factors. Some of theseuncertainties include those associated with extrapolation from animals to humans, from lowestobserved-adverse-effect-levels (LOAELs) to no-observed-adverse-effect-levels (NOAELs), and from subchronic to chronic data and to account for sensitive subpopulations. These uncertainties are discussed further in the source documents (e.g., IRIS) of the individual human health benchmarks. Human health benchmarks in IRIS have been subjected to rigorous internal and external reviews and represent Agency-wide consensus human health risk information. The health benchmarks in HEAST have not undergone as rigorous a review as those in IRIS and do not represent Agency-wide consensus information. Provisional human health benchmarks identified in other EPA documents (e.g., HEA or HEEP) or derived by the Superfund Technical Support Center have not undergone EPA’s formal review process and, therefore, do not represent verified EPA benchmarks. In addition to the strength of the review process, confidence in human health benchmarks (EPA or non-EPA) also can be associated with the date the benchmarks were derived (or last reviewed). Additional toxicological data become available and, subsequently, the database becomes more complete. Methodologies evolve over time, with improvements in existing methods (e.g., EPA’s 1994 RfC methodology) and the development of new health benchmark practices (e.g., benchmark dose methodology). Currently, only EPA-derived human health benchmarks are being used in the analysis. ATSDR and CalEPA human health benchmarks have been subject to expert scientific and public review. Alternative benchmarks, such as ATSDR MRLs and CalEPA RELs and cancer potency factors, offer a valuable opportunity to model both exposure pathways (i.e., oral and inhalation) and/or additional constituents.

## Section 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-6 

# 15.6 References Ahlborg, U. G., G. C. Becking, L. S. Birnbaum, A. Brouwer, H. J. G. M. Derks, M. Feeley, G. Golor, A. Hanberg, J. C. Larsen, A. K. D. Liem, S. H. Safe, C. Schlatter, F. Waern, M. Younes, and E. Yrjanheikki. 1994. Toxic equivalency factors for dioxin-like PCBs. Chemosphere, 28(6):1049-1067. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). Various years. Toxicological Profiles. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 1994. Benzo[a]pyrene as a Toxic Air Contaminant. California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board and Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkley, CA. pp. 1-23. July. CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 1995. "California cancer potency factors: update." Memorandum to Boards and Office Cal/EPA Departments (California Environmental Protection Agency) from Standards and Criteria Work Group (California Environmental Protection Agency). Available online at http://www.calepa.cahwnet.gov/oehha/docs/covrltrb.htm. April 4. CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 1997. Technical Support Document for the Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels. (Draft). California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Toxicology and Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley, CA. Available online at http://www.calepa.cahwnet.gov/oehha/docs/rels/getrels.htm. October. CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 1999a. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines. Part II: Technical Support Document for Describing Available Cancer Potency Factors. California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Toxicology and Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA. Available online at http://www.oehha.org/scientific/hsca2.htm. April. CalEPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 1999b. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines. Part III: Technical Support Document for the Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels. (SRP Draft). California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Toxicology and Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA. Available online at http://www.oehha.org/hotspots/RAGSII.html. May. Nisbet, Ian C. T., and Peter K. LaGoy. 1992. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 16:290-300. U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1993. Provisional Guidance for Quantitative Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. EPA/600/R-93/089. U.S.

## Section 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-7 Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH. July. U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1994. Methods for Derivation of Inhalation Reference Concentrations and Application of Inhalation Dosimetry. EPA/600/8-90/066F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Office of Research and Development and Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC. October. U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1996. Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. EPA/600/P-92/003C. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. April. U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1997. Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables. FY 1997 Update. EPA-540-R-97-036. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH. July 31. U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1998. The U.S. EPA TEF Values. National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, Website at http://www.epa.gov/ncea/dchem.htm and http://www.epa.gov/nceawww1/dchem.htm. February 10. U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1999a. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. Website at http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/index.html. U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1999b. Revised Risk Assessment for the Air Characteristic Study. Volume II. Technical Background Document. EPA530-R-99-019b. Prepared by Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC. Prepared for Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC. August. U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). n.d. Risk Assessment Issue Papers. (Draft). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Superfund Technical Support Center, National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA), Cincinnati, OH.

## Section 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-8 This page intentionally left blank

## Appendix 15A Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-9 

# Appendix 15A Human Health Benchmarks

Table 15A-1. Human Health Benchmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-11 Table 15A-2. Available Oral Noncancer Benchmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-30 Table 15A-3. Available Oral Cancer Benchmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-47 Table 15A-4. Available Inhalation Noncancer Benchmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-63 Table 15A-5. Available Inhalation Cancer Benchmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-81

## Appendix 15A Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-10 This page intentionally left blank

## Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-11 Table 15A-1. Summary of Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 A2123 [Ethanimidothioic acid,2-(dimethylamino) -N-hydroxy2-oxo-,methyl ester] 30558-43-1

Acenaphthene 83-32-9 0.06 0.06 0.06 Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 0.009 0.0077 Acetone 67-64-1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Acetonitrile 75-05-8 0.06 Acetophenone 98-86-2 0.1 0.1 0.1 Acetyl chloride 75-36-5 Acetyl-2-thiourea, 1- 591-08-2 Acetylaminofluorene, 2- 53-96-3 Acrolein 107-02-8 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00002 Acrylamide 79-06-1 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 4.5 4.5 4.5 Acrylic acid 79-10-7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.001 Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.54 0.54 0.24 Aflatoxins 1402-68-2 Aldicarb 116-06-3 0.001 0.001 0.001 Aldicarb sulfone 1646-88-4 0.001 0.001 0.001 Aldrin 309-00-2 0.00003 0.00003 0.00003 17 17 17 Allyl alcohol 107-18-6 0.005 0.005 0.005 Allyl chloride 107-05-1 0.001 Aminobiphenyl,4- 92-67-1 Aminomethyl-3-isoxazolol,5- 2763-96-4 Aminopyridine, 4- 504-24-5 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 Amitrole 61-82-5 Aniline 62-53-3 0.001 0.0057 0.0057 Anthracene 120-12-7 0.3 0.3 0.3 Antimony 7440-36-0 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0002 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-12 Aramite 140-57-8 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.025 0.025 0.025 Arsenic 7440-38-2 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 1.5 1.5 15 Auramine 492-80-8 Auramine O (Auramine hydrochloride) 2465-27-2

Azaserine 115-02-6 Barban 101-27-9 Barium 7440-39-3 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.0005 Bendiocarb 22781-23-3 Bendiocarb phenol 22961-82-6 Benomyl 17804-35-2 0.05 0.05 0.05 Benz(a)anthracene 56-55-3 0.73 0.73 Benz(c)acridine 225-51-4 Benzal chloride [Dichloromethyl benzene] 98-87-3

Benzene 71-43-2 0.029 0.029 0.029 Benzidine 92-87-5 0.003 0.003 0.003 230 230 230 Benzo(a)pyrene 50-32-8 7.3 7.3 Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205-99-2 0.73 0.73 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 191-24-2 Benzo(j)fluoranthene 205-82-3 Benzo(k)fluoranthene 207-08-9 0.073 0.073 Benzoquinone, p- 106-51-4 Benzotrichloride 98-07-7 13 13 Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 0.3 0.3 0.3 Benzyl chloride 100-44-7 0.17 0.17 Beryllium 7440-41-7 0.002 0.002 0.002 2.0E-05 8.4 Bis (2-chloroisopropyl) ether 39638-32-9 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.035 Bis (chloromethyl) ether 542-88-1 220 220 220 Bis(2-chlorethyl)ether 111-44-4 1.1 1.1 1.1 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-13 Bis-(2-chloroisopropyl) ether [2,2'-Oxybis(1-chloropropane)] 108-60-1 0.07 0.07 0.035
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.014 0.014 Bis-(pentamethylene)-thiuram tetrasulfide 120-54-7

Bromoacetone 598-31-2 Bromodichloromethane 75-27-4 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.062 0.062 Bromoform 75-25-2 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.0079 0.0079 0.0039 Bromophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 101-55-3 Brucine 357-57-3 Butanol 71-36-3 0.1 0.1 0.1 Butyl benzyl phthalate 85-68-7 0.2 0.2 0.2 Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2-sec- 88-85-7 0.001 0.001 0.001 Butylate 2008-41-5 0.05 0.05 0.05 Cadmium 7440-43-9 0.001 0.0005 0.001 6.3 Carbaryl 63-25-2 0.1 0.1 0.1 Carbazole 86-74-8 0.02 0.02 Carbendazim 10605-21-7 Carbofuran 1563-66-2 0.005 0.005 0.005 Carbofuran phenol 1563-38-8 Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.7 Carbon oxyfluoride 353-50-4 Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.13 0.13 0.053 Carbosulfan 55285-14-8 0.01 0.01 0.01 Chloral 75-87-6 0.002 0.002 0.002 Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Chlordane 57-74-9 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 7.0E-04 0.35 0.35 1.3 Chlornaphazin 494-03-1 Chloro-1,3-butadiene, 2- 126-99-8 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.007 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-14 Chloroacetaldehyde 107-20-0 Chloroaniline, p- 106-47-8 0.004 0.004 0.004 Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Chlorobenzilate 510-15-6 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.27 0.27 0.27 Chlorodibromomethane 124-48-1 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.084 0.084 Chloroethane 75-00-3 10 Chloroethyl vinyl ether, 2- 110-75-8 Chloroform 67-66-3 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.0061 0.0061 0.081 Chloro-m-cresol, p- 59-50-7 Chloromethyl methyl ether 107-30-2 Chloronaphthalene, 2- 91-58-7 0.08 0.08 0.08 Chloro-o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4- 3165-93-3 0.46 0.46
Chlorophenol, 2- 95-57-8 0.005 0.005 0.005 Chlorophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 7005-72-3 Chlorophenyl thiourea, 1-o 5344-82-1 Chloropropionitrile, 3- 542-76-7 Chromium (total) 7440-47-3 see VI or III see VI or III see VI or III see VI 41 Chromium III (insoluble salts) 16065-83-1 1.5 1.5 1.5 Chromium VI 18540-29-9 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.0001 41 Chrysene 218-01-9 0.0073 0.0073 Citrus red No. 2 6358-53-8 Cobalt 7440-48-4 0.06 0.06 0.06 1.0E-05 Copper 7440-50-8 Copper dimethyldithiocarbamate 137-29-1
Cresol, m- 108-39-4 0.05 0.05 0.05 Cresol, o- 95-48-7 0.05 0.05 0.05 Cresol, p- 106-44-5 0.005 0.005 0.005 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-15 Crotonaldehyde 4170-30-3 1.9 1.9 Cumene 98-82-8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 Cumenyl methylcarbamate, m- 64-00-6 Cyanide (amenable) 57-12-5 0.02 0.02 0.02 Cycasin 14901-08-7 Cycloate 1134-23-2 Cyclohexane 110-82-7 Cyclohexanone 108-94-1 5 5 5 Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2- (2,4-Dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol or Dinitro-o-cyclohexylphenol) 131-89-5 0.002 0.002 0.002

Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Dazomet 533-74-4 DDD 72-54-8 0.24 0.24 DDD (o,p') 53-19-0 DDE 72-55-9 0.34 0.34 DDE (o,p') 3424-82-6 DDT (o,p') 789-02-6 DDT (p,p') 50-29-3 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.34 0.34 0.34 Diallate 2303-16-4 0.061 0.061 Dibenz(a,h)acridine 226-36-8 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 53-70-3 7.3 7.3 Dibenz(a,j)acridine 224-42-0 Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene 192-65-4 Dibenzo(a,h)pyrene 189-64-0 Dibenzo(a,i)pyrene 189-55-9 Dibenzo(c,g)carbazole, 7H- 194-59-2 Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-16 Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2- 96-12-8 0.0002 1.4 1.4 0.0024 Dichloro-2-butene, 1,4- 764-41-0 9.3 Dichloro-2-butene, trans- 1,4- 110-57-6 9.3 Dichloro-2-propanol, 1,3- 96-23-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,2- 95-50-1 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.2 Dichlorobenzene, 1,3- 541-73-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,4- 106-46-7 0.8 0.024 0.024 Dichlorobenzidine, 3,3'- 91-94-1 0.45 0.45 Dichlorodifluoromethane 75-71-8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Dichloroethane, 1,1- 75-34-3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 Dichloroethane, 1,2- 107-06-2 0.091 0.091 0.091 Dichloroethylene, 1,1- 75-35-4 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.6 0.6 0.2 Dichloroethylene, cis-1,2- 156-59-2 0.01 0.01 0.01 Dichloroethylene, trans-1,2- 156-60-5 0.02 0.02 0.02 Dichloromethoxy ethane 111-91-1 Dichlorophenol, 2,4- 120-83-2 0.003 0.003 0.003 Dichlorophenol, 2,6- 87-65-0 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4- (2,4-D) 94-75-7 0.01 0.01 0.01
Dichloropropane, 1,2- 78-87-5 0.004 0.068 0.068 Dichloropropene, 1,3- 542-75-6 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.02 0.18 0.18 0.13 Dichloropropene, cis-1,3- 10061-01-5 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.02 0.18 0.18 0.13 Dichloropropene, trans-1,3- 10061-02-6 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.02 0.18 0.18 0.13 Dieldrin 60-57-1 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 16 16 16 Diepoxybutane, 1,2,3,4- (2,2'- bioxirane) 1464-53-5
Diethyl O-pyrazinylphosphorothiate, O,O297-97-2
Diethyl phthalate 84-66-2 0.8 0.8 0.8 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-17 Diethylene glycol, dicarbamate 5952-26-1 Diethylhydrazine, N,N- 1615-80-1 Diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate 311-45-5 Diethylstilbestrol 56-53-1 4700 4700 Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Dimethoate 60-51-5 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 Dimethyl phthalate 131-11-3 Dimethyl sulfate 77-78-1 Dimethylamine 124-40-3 Dimethylaminoazobenzene, p- 60-11-7 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, 7,12- 57-97-6
Dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'- 119-93-7 9.2 9.2 Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride 79-44-7 Dimethylphenethyamine,alpha-, alpha122-09-8
Dimethylphenol, 2,4- 105-67-9 0.02 0.02 0.02 Dimethyoxybenzidine, 3,3'- 119-90-4 0.014 0.014 Dimetilan 644-64-4 Di-n-butyl phthalate 84-74-2 0.1 0.1 0.1 Dinitrobenzene, 1,3- 99-65-0 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 Dinitrobenzene, 1,4- 100-25-4 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 Dinitro-o-cresol, 4,6- 534-52-1 Dinitrophenol, 2,4- 51-28-5 0.002 0.002 0.002 Dinitrotoluene, 2,4- 121-14-2 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.68 0.68 Dinitrotoluene, 2,6- 606-20-2 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.68 0.68 Di-n-octyl phthalate 117-84-0 0.02 0.02 0.02 Di-n-propylamine [Dipropylamine] 142-84-7
Dioxane, 1,4- 123-91-1 0.011 0.011 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-18 Diphenylamine 122-39-4 0.025 0.025 0.025 Diphenylhydrazine, 1,2- 122-66-7 0.8 0.8 0.8 Disulfiram [Tetraethylthiuram disulfide] 97-77-8

Disulfoton 298-04-4 0.00004 0.00004 0.00004 Dithiobiuret 541-53-7 Endosulfan 115-29-7 0.006 0.006 0.006 Endosulfan I 959-98-8 0.006 0.006 0.006 Endosulfan II 33213-65-9 0.006 0.006 0.006 Endosulfan sulfate 1031-07-8 Endothall 145-73-3 0.02 0.02 0.02 Endrin 72-20-8 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 Endrin aldehyde 7421-93-4 Endrin ketone 53494-70-5 Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.0099 0.0099 0.0042 Epinephrine 51-43-4 Ethoxyethanol, 2- 110-80-5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 Ethyl acetate 141-78-6 0.9 0.9 0.9 Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 0.048 0.048 Ethyl carbamate 51-79-6 Ethyl cyanide (propionitrile) 107-12-0 Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate, S- [EPTC] 759-94-4 0.025 0.025 0.025
Ethyl ether 60-29-7 0.2 0.2 0.2 Ethyl methacrylate 97-63-2 0.09 0.09 0.09 Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 293 293 Ethyl Ziram 14324-55-1 Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 0.1 0.1 0.1 1 Ethylene dibromide (1,2- dibromoethane) 106-93-4 0.0002 85 85 0.76
(continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-19 Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 1.02 1.02 0.35 Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 0.00008 0.00008 0.00008 0.11 0.11 Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid, salts and esters 111-54-6
Ethyleneimine (aziridine) 151-56-4 Famphur 52-85-7 Ferbam 14484-64-1 Fluoracetamide, 2- 640-19-7 Fluoracetic acid, sodium salt (Sodium fluoroacetate) 62-74-8 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002

Fluoranthene 206-44-0 0.04 0.04 0.04 Fluorene 86-73-7 0.04 0.04 0.04 Fluoride 16984-48-8 0.06 0.06 0.06 Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.045 Formetanate hydrochloride 23422-53-9 Formic Acid 64-18-6 2.00 2.00 2.00 Formparanate 17702-57-7 Furan 110-00-9 0.001 0.001 0.001 Furancarbox-aldehyde, 2- (furfural) 98-01-1 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.05
Glycidylaldehyde 765-34-4 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.001 Heptachlor 76-44-8 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 4.5 4.5 4.5 Heptachlor epoxide 1024-57-3 0.000013 0.000013 0.000013 9.1 9.1 9.1 Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- 67562-39-4 1500 1500 1500
Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8,9- 55673-89-7 1500 1500 1500
Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- 35822-46-9 1500 1500 1500
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 87-68-3 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.078 0.078 0.078 Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 1.6 1.6 1.6 Hexachlorocyclohexane, alpha- (alpha-HCH) 319-84-6 6.3 6.3 6.3
(continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-20 Hexachlorocyclohexane, beta- (beta-HCH) 319-85-7 1.8 1.8 1.8
Hexachlorocyclohexane, delta (delta-HCH) 319-86-8
Hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma- (Lindane) 58-89-9 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 1.3 1.3
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77-47-4 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.00007 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 70648-26-9 15000 15000 15000
Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57117-44-9 15000 15000 15000
Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 72918-21-9 15000 15000 15000
Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,6,7,8- 60851-34-5 15000 15000 15000
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 39227-28-6 15000 15000 15000
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57653-85-7 15000 15000 15000
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 19408-74-3 6200 6200 4550

Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.014 0.014 0.014 Hexachlorophene 70-30-4 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 Hexachloropropene 1888-71-7 Hexaethyl tetraphosphate 757-58-4 Hexanone, 2- 591-78-6 Hydrazine (and hydrazine sulfate); CAS and FR = hydrazine only 302-01-2 3 3 17

Indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene 193-39-5 0.73 0.73Iodo-2-propynyl Nbutylcarbamate, 3- 55406-53-6

Iodomethane 74-88-4 Isobutyl alcohol 78-83-1 0.3 0.3 0.3 Isodrin 465-73-6 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-21 Isolan [Isopropyl methyl pyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate] 119-38-0
Isophorone 78-59-1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.00095 0.00095 Isosafrole 120-58-1 Kepone 143-50-0 Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Lead 7439-92-1 Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 0.1 0.1 0.1 Maleic hydrazide 123-33-1 0.5 0.5 0.5 Malononitrile 109-77-3 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 Manganese dimethyldithiocarbamate 15339-36-3
Melphalan 148-82-3 Mercury 7439-97-6 0.0003 0.0003 *MeHg 0.0003 Metam Sodium 137-42-8 Methacrylonitrile 126-98-7 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0007 Methanethiol [methyl mercaptan] 74-93-1

Methanol 67-56-1 0.5 0.5 0.5 Methapyrilene 91-80-5 Methiocarb 2032-65-7 Methomyl 16752-77-5 0.025 0.025 0.025 Methoxychlor 72-43-5 0.005 0.005 0.005 Methyl bromide (Bromomethane) 74-83-9 0.0014 0.0014 0.0014 0.005
Methyl chloride (Chloromethane) 74-87-3 0.3 0.013 0.013 0.0063
Methyl ethyl ketone 78-93-3 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide 1338-23-4 Methyl hydrazine 60-34-4 Methyl isobutyl ketone 108-10-1 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-22 Methyl mercury 22967-92-6 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 Methyl methacrylate 80-62-6 1.4 1.4 1.4 7.0E-01 Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Methyl parathion 298-00-0 0.00025 0.00025 0.00025 Methylaziridine, 2- 75-55-8 Methylcholanthrene, 3- 56-49-5 25.5 25.5 Methylene bromide 74-95-3 0.01 0.01 0.01 Methylene chloride 75-09-2 0.06 0.06 0.06 3 0.0075 0.0075 0.0016 Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), 4,4'- 101-14-4 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.13 0.13 0.13
Methylnaphthalene, 2- 91-57-6 Methyl-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) 70-25-7
Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Metolcarb 1129-41-5 Mexacarbate 315-18-4 Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Molinate 2212-67-1 0.002 0.002 0.002 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 0.005 0.005 0.005 Naphthalene 91-20-3 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.003 Naphthoquinone, 1,4- 130-15-4 Naphthyl-2-thiourea, 1- 86-88-4 Naphthylamine, 1- 134-32-7 Naphthylamine, 2- 91-59-8 Nickel 7440-02-0 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.84 Nicotine and salts 54-11-5 Nitroaniline, 2- 88-74-4 0.0002 Nitroaniline, 3- 99-09-2 Nitroaniline, 4- 100-01-6 Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.002 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-23 Nitrogen mustard 55-86-7 Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride salt 51-75-2
Nitrogen mustard N- Oxide 126-85-2 Nitrogen mustard N-Oxide HCl salt 302-70-5
Nitroglycerine 55-63-0Nitro-o-toluidine, 5- (2-Methyl5-nitroaniline) 99-55-8 0.033 0.033
Nitrophenol, 2- 88-75-5 Nitrophenol, 4- 100-02-7 Nitropropane, 2- 79-46-9 0.02 9.4 Nitroquinoline-1-oxide, 4- 56-57-5 N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 2.8 2.8 N-Nitrosodiethylamine 55-18-5 150 150 150 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 62-75-9 51 51 51 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3 5.4 5.4 5.4 N-Nitroso-di-n-propylamine 621-64-7 7 7 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 86-30-6 0.0049 0.0049 N-Nitrosomethyl vinyl amine 4549-40-0 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 22 22 N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea 759-73-9 140 140 N-Nitroso-N-methylurea 684-93-5 N-Nitroso-N-methylurethane 615-53-2 N-Nitrosonomicotine 16543-55-8 N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 37.5 37.5 N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 2.1 2.1 2.1 N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 N-Phenylthiourea 103-85-5 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-24 Octachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDF] 39001-02-0 150 150 150
Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDD] 3268-87-9 150 150 150
Octamethyl pyrophosphoramide 152-16-9 0.002 0.002 0.002 Osmium tetroxide 20816-12-0 Oxamyl 23135-22-0 0.025 0.025 0.025 Paraldehyde 123-63-7 Parathion 56-38-2 0.006 0.006 0.006 Pebulate 1114-71-2 0.05 0.05 0.05 Pentachlorobenzene 608-93-5 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8- 57117-41-6 7500 7500 7500
Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,7,8- 57117-31-4 75000 75000 75000
Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8- 40321-76-4 75000 75000 75000

Pentachloroethane 76-01-7 Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) 82-68-8 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.26 0.26
Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.12 0.12 Pentadiene, 1,3- 504-60-9 Phenacetin 62-44-2 Phenanthrene 85-01-8 Phenol 108-95-2 0.6 0.6 0.6 Phenyl mercuric acetate 62-38-4 0.00008 0.00008 0.00008 Phenylenediamine, m- (1,3-) 108-45-2 0.006 0.006 0.006 Phenylenediamine, p- 106-50-3 0.19 0.19 0.19 Phenylenediamines (N.O.S.) 25265-76-3 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.047 0.047 Phorate 298-02-2 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-25Phosphorodithioic acid, o-odiethyl ester 298-06-6
Phosphorodithioic acid, o-odiethyl-s-methyl 3288-58-2
Phosphorodithioic acid, trimethyl ester 2953-29-9
Phthalic anhydride 85-44-9 2 2 2 0.12 Physostigmine 57-47-6 Physostigmine salicylate 57-64-7 Picoline, 2- 109-06-8 Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors) 1336-36-3 0.00007 0.00007 0.00007 2 0.4 0.4

Potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-03-0
Potassium N-hydroxymethyl Nmethyldithiocarbamate 51026-28-9

Potassium Nmethyldithiocarbamate 137-41-7

Promecarb 2631-37-0 Pronamide 23950-58-5 0.075 0.075 0.075 Propane sulfone, 1,3- 1120-71-4 Propargyl alcohol (propyn-1-ol, 2-) 107-19-7 0.002 0.002 0.002
Propham 122-42-9 0.02 0.02 0.02 Propoxur [Baygon][2-(1- Methylethoxy)-phenol, methylcarbamate] 114-26-1 0.004 0.004 0.004

Propylamine, n- 107-10-8 Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Prosulfocarb 52888-80-9 Pyrene 129-00-0 0.03 0.03 0.03 Pyridine 110-86-1 0.001 0.001 0.001 Reserpine 50-55-5 Resorcinol 108-46-3 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-26 Saccharin and salts 81-07-2 Safrole 94-59-7 0.18 0.18 Selenium 7782-49-2 0.005 0.005 0.005 Selenium, tetrakis- (dimethyldithiocarbamate) [Selenium dimethyldithiocarbamate] 144-34-3

Silver 7440-22-4 0.005 0.005 0.005 2.9E-02 Sodium dibutyldithiocarbamate 136-30-1 Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate 148-18-5 0.27 0.27 Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-04-1

Sodium fluoroacetate 62-74-8 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Strychnine (and salts) 57-24-9 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 Styrene 100-42-5 0.2 0.2 0.2 1 Sulfallate 95-06-7 Sulfide 18496-25-8 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.001 TCDD, 2,3,7,8- 1746-01-6 150000 150000 150000 Tetrabutylthiuram disulfide 1634-02-2 Tetrabutylthiuram monosulfide [Bis-(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) sulfide] 97-74-5

Tetrachlorobenzene, 1,2,4,5- 95-94-3 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 Tetrachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,7,8- [2,3,7,8-TCDF] 51207-31-9 15000 15000 15000
Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1,2- 630-20-6 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.026 0.026 0.026 Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2- 79-34-5 0.2 0.2 0.2 Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.052 0.052 0.002 Tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,4,6- 58-90-2 0.03 0.03 0.03 Tetraethyl pyrophosphate 107-49-3 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-27 Tetraethyldithiopyro-phosphate 3689-24-5 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9 Thallium (I) 7440-28-0 0.00008 0.00008 0.00008 Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Thiodicarb 59669-26-0 Thiofanox 39196-18-4 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 Thiophanate-methyl 23564-05-8 0.08 0.08 0.08 Thiophenol (Benzenethiol) 108-98-5 Thiosemicarbizide 79-19-6 Thiourea 62-56-6 Thiram 137-26-8 0.005 0.005 0.005 Tin 7440-31-5 0.6 0.6 0.6 Tirpate 26419-73-8 Toluene 108-88-3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 Toluene diisocyanate, 2,4- 584-84-9 7.0E-05 Toluene diisocyante, mixed isomers [2,4- and 2,6-Toluene diisocyanate mixture] 26471-62-5 7.0E-05

Toluenediamine, 2,4- 95-80-7 3.2 3.2 Toluenediamine, 2,6- 823-40-5 0.2 0.2 0.2 Toluenediamine, 3,4- 496-72-0 Toluidine hydrochloride, o- (2- Methylaniline hydrochloride) 636-21-5 0.18 0.18
Toluidine, o- 95-53-4 0.24 0.24 Toluidine, p- 106-49-0 0.19 0.19 Toxaphene 8001-35-2 1.1 1.1 1.1 Triallate 2303-17-5 0.013 0.013 0.013 Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1,2- 76-13-1 30 30 30 30
Trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4- 120-82-1 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.2 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-28 Trichloroethane, 1,1,1- 71-55-6 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 Trichloroethane, 1,1,2- 79-00-5 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.057 0.057 0.057 Trichloroethylene (1,1,2-) 79-01-6 0.011 0.011 0.006 Trichlorofluoromethane 75-69-4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.7 Trichloromethanethiol 75-70-7 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,5- 95-95-4 0.1 0.1 0.1 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,6- 88-06-2 0.011 0.011 0.01 Trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid, 2-(2,4,5- (Silvex) 93-72-1 0.008 0.008 0.008
Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5- (245-T) 93-76-5 0.01 0.01 0.01
Trichloropropane, 1,2,3- 96-18-4 0.006 0.006 0.006 7.0 7.0 Triethylamine 121-44-8 7.0E-03 Triethylphosphorothioate,O,O,O126-68-1
Trinitrobenzene, sym- (1,3,5-) 99-35-4 0.03 0.03 0.03 Tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate 126-72-7
Tris(1-azridinyl) phosphine sulfide 52-24-4
Trypan blue 72-57-1 Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Vanadium 7440-62-2 0.007 0.007 0.007 Vernolate [Vernam] 1929-77-7 0.001 0.001 0.001 Vinyl acetate 108-05-4 1 1 1 0.2 Vinyl chloride 75-01-4 1.90 1.90 0.30 Warfarin 81-81-2 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 Xylene, m- 108-38-3 2 2 2 Xylene, o- 95-47-6 2 2 2 Xylene, p- 106-42-3 Xylenes (total) 1330-20-7 2 2 2 (continued)

# Table 15A-1. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfDs used in HWIR EPA RfCs used in HWIR EPA oral CSFs used

in HWIR EPA inh CSFs used

in HWIR RfD food

& soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfC air (mg/m 3) Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1



# 15-29 Zinc 7440-66-6 0.3 0.3 0.3 Ziram 137-30-4

## Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-30 Table 15A-2. Available Oral Noncancer Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d) A2123 [Ethanimidothioic acid, 2- (dimethylamino) -N-hydroxy-2-oxo- ,methyl ester] 30558-43-1

Acenaphthene 83-32-9 0.06 0.06 0.06 IRIS 0.6 Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 Acetone 67-64-1 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS 2 Acetonitrile 75-05-8 Acetophenone 98-86-2 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS Acetyl chloride 75-36-5 Acetyl-2-thiourea, 1- 591-08-2 Acetylaminofluorene, 2- 53-96-3 Acrolein 107-02-8 0.02 0.02 0.02 HEAST 0.0005 Acrylamide 79-06-1 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 IRIS Acrylic acid 79-10-7 0.5 0.5 0.5 IRIS Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 0.001 0.001 0.001 HEAST 0.1 0.01 0.04 Aflatoxins 1402-68-2 Aldicarb 116-06-3 0.001 0.001 0.001 IRIS Aldicarb sulfone 1646-88-4 0.001 0.001 0.001 IRIS Aldrin 309-00-2 0.00003 0.00003 0.00003 IRIS 0.002 0.00003 Allyl alcohol 107-18-6 0.005 0.005 0.005 IRIS Allyl chloride 107-05-1 Aminobiphenyl,4- 92-67-1 Aminomethyl-3-isoxazolol,5- 2763-96-4 Aminopyridine, 4- 504-24-5 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 HEAST Amitrole 61-82-5 Aniline 62-53-3 Anthracene 120-12-7 0.3 0.3 0.3 IRIS 10 Antimony 7440-36-0 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 IRIS Aramite 140-57-8 0.05 0.05 0.05 HEAST (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-31 Arsenic 7440-38-2 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS 0.0003 Auramine 492-80-8 Auramine O (Auramine hydrochloride) 2465-27-2 Azaserine 115-02-6 Barban 101-27-9 Barium 7440-39-3 0.07 0.07 0.07 IRIS Bendiocarb 22781-23-3 Bendiocarb phenol 22961-82-6 Benomyl 17804-35-2 0.05 0.05 0.05 IRIS Benz(a)anthracene 56-55-3 Benz(c)acridine 225-51-4 Benzal chloride [Dichloromethyl benzene] 98-87-3

Benzene 71-43-2 Benzidine 92-87-5 0.003 0.003 0.003 IRIS Benzo(a)pyrene 50-32-8 Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205-99-2 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 191-24-2 Benzo(j)fluoranthene 205-82-3 Benzo(k)fluoranthene 207-08-9 Benzoquinone, p- 106-51-4 Benzotrichloride 98-07-7 Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 0.3 0.3 0.3 HEAST Benzyl chloride 100-44-7 Beryllium 7440-41-7 0.002 0.002 0.002 IRIS Bis (2-chloroisopropyl) ether 39638-32-9 0.04 0.04 0.04 IRIS Bis (chloromethyl) ether 542-88-1 Bis(2-chlorethyl)ether 111-44-4 Bis-(2-chloroisopropyl) ether [2,2'- Oxybis(1-chloropropane)] 108-60-1
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS 1 0.4 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-32 Bis-(pentamethylene)-thiuram tetrasulfide 120-54-7

Bromoacetone 598-31-2 Bromodichloromethane 75-27-4 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS 0.04 0.02 Bromoform 75-25-2 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS Bromophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 101-55-3 Brucine 357-57-3 Butanol 71-36-3 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS Butyl benzyl phthalate 85-68-7 0.2 0.2 0.2 IRIS Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2-sec- 88-85-7 0.001 0.001 0.001 IRIS Butylate 2008-41-5 0.05 0.05 0.05 IRIS Cadmium 7440-43-9 0.001 0.0005 0.001 IRIS 0.0002 Carbaryl 63-25-2 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS Carbazole 86-74-8 Carbendazim 10605-21-7 Carbofuran 1563-66-2 0.005 0.005 0.005 IRIS Carbofuran phenol 1563-38-8 Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS 0.01 Carbon oxyfluoride 353-50-4 Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 IRIS 0.02 0.007 Carbosulfan 55285-14-8 0.01 0.01 0.01 IRIS Chloral 75-87-6 0.002 0.002 0.002 IRIS Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Chlordane 57-74-9 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 IRIS 0.001 0.0006 0.0006 Chlornaphazin 494-03-1 Chloro-1,3-butadiene, 2- 126-99-8 0.02 0.02 0.02 HEAST Chloroacetaldehyde 107-20-0 Chloroaniline, p- 106-47-8 0.004 0.004 0.004 IRIS Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS 0.4 Chlorobenzilate 510-15-6 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-33 Chlorodibromomethane 124-48-1 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS 0.04 0.03 Chloroethane 75-00-3 Chloroethyl vinyl ether, 2- 110-75-8 Chloroform 67-66-3 0.01 0.01 0.01 IRIS 0.3 0.1 0.01 Chloro-m-cresol, p- 59-50-7 Chloromethyl methyl ether 107-30-2 Chloronaphthalene, 2- 91-58-7 0.08 0.08 0.08 IRIS Chloro-o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4- 3165-93-3 Chlorophenol, 2- 95-57-8 0.005 0.005 0.005 IRIS Chlorophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 7005-72-3 Chlorophenyl thiourea, 1-o 5344-82-1 Chloropropionitrile, 3- 542-76-7 Chromium (total) 7440-47-3 see VI or III see VI or III see VI or III IRIS
Chromium III (insoluble salts) 16065-83-1 1.5 1.5 1.5 IRIS Chromium VI 18540-29-9 0.003 0.003 0.003 IRIS Chrysene 218-01-9 Citrus red No. 2 6358-53-8 Cobalt 7440-48-4 0.06 0.06 0.06 NCEA Copper 7440-50-8 Copper dimethyldithiocarbamate 137-29-1 Cresol, m- 108-39-4 0.05 0.05 0.05 IRIS 0.05 Cresol, o- 95-48-7 0.05 0.05 0.05 IRIS 0.05 Cresol, p- 106-44-5 0.005 0.005 0.005 HEAST 0.05 Crotonaldehyde 4170-30-3 Cumene 98-82-8 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS Cumenyl methylcarbamate, m- 64-00-6 Cyanide (amenable) 57-12-5 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS Cycasin 14901-08-7 Cycloate 1134-23-2 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-34 Cyclohexane 110-82-7 Cyclohexanone 108-94-1 5 5 5 IRIS Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2- (2,4- Dinitro-6-cyclohexyl phenol or Dinitro-ocyclohexylphenol) 131-89-5 0.002 0.002 0.002 IRIS

Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Dazomet 533-74-4 DDD 72-54-8 DDD (o,p') 53-19-0 DDE 72-55-9 DDE (o,p') 3424-82-6 DDT (o,p') 789-02-6 DDT (p,p') 50-29-3 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 IRIS 0.0005 0.0005 Diallate 2303-16-4 Dibenz(a,h)acridine 226-36-8 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 53-70-3 Dibenz(a,j)acridine 224-42-0 Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene 192-65-4 Dibenzo(a,h)pyrene 189-64-0 Dibenzo(a,i)pyrene 189-55-9 Dibenzo(c,g)carbazole, 7H- 194-59-2 Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2- 96-12-8 0.002 Dichloro-2-butene, 1,4- 764-41-0 Dichloro-2-butene, trans- 1,4- 110-57-6 Dichloro-2-propanol, 1,3- 96-23-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,2- 95-50-1 0.09 0.09 0.09 IRIS Dichlorobenzene, 1,3- 541-73-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,4- 106-46-7 0.1 Dichlorobenzidine, 3,3'- 91-94-1 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-35 Dichlorodifluoromethane 75-71-8 0.2 0.2 0.2 IRIS Dichloroethane, 1,1- 75-34-3 0.1 0.1 0.1 HEAST Dichloroethane, 1,2- 107-06-2 0.2 Dichloroethylene, 1,1- 75-35-4 0.009 0.009 0.009 IRIS 0.009 Dichloroethylene, cis-1,2- 156-59-2 0.01 0.01 0.01 HEAST 1 0.3 Dichloroethylene, trans-1,2- 156-60-5 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS 0.2 Dichloromethoxy ethane 111-91-1 Dichlorophenol, 2,4- 120-83-2 0.003 0.003 0.003 IRIS 0.003 Dichlorophenol, 2,6- 87-65-0 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4- (2,4- D) 94-75-7 0.01 0.01 0.01 IRIS
Dichloropropane, 1,2- 78-87-5 0.1 0.07 0.09 Dichloropropene, 1,3- 542-75-6 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS Dichloropropene, cis-1,3- 10061-01-5 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS Dichloropropene, trans-1,3- 10061-02-6 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS Dieldrin 60-57-1 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 IRIS 0.00007 0.00005 Diepoxybutane, 1,2,3,4- (2,2'- bioxirane) 1464-53-5
Diethyl O-pyrazinyl phosphorothiate,O,O297-97-2
Diethyl phthalate 84-66-2 0.8 0.8 0.8 IRIS 7 6 Diethylene glycol, dicarbamate 5952-26-1 Diethylhydrazine, N,N- 1615-80-1 Diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate 311-45-5 Diethylstilbestrol 56-53-1 Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 Dimethoate 60-51-5 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 IRIS Dimethyl phthalate 131-11-3 Dimethyl sulfate 77-78-1 Dimethylamine 124-40-3 Dimethylaminoazobenzene, p- 60-11-7 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-36 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, 7,12- 57-97-6 Dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'- 119-93-7 Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride 79-44-7 Dimethylphenethyamine, alpha-, alpha- 122-09-8 Dimethylphenol, 2,4- 105-67-9 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS Dimethyoxybenzidine, 3,3'- 119-90-4 Dimetilan 644-64-4 Di-n-butyl phthalate 84-74-2 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS 0.6 Dinitrobenzene, 1,3- 99-65-0 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 IRIS 0.008 0.0005 Dinitrobenzene, 1,4- 100-25-4 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 HEAST Dinitro-o-cresol, 4,6- 534-52-1 Dinitrophenol, 2,4- 51-28-5 0.002 0.002 0.002 IRIS 0.01 Dinitrotoluene, 2,4- 121-14-2 0.002 0.002 0.002 IRIS 0.05 0.002 Dinitrotoluene, 2,6- 606-20-2 0.001 0.001 0.001 HEAST 0.004 Di-n-octyl phthalate 117-84-0 0.02 0.02 0.02 HEAST 3 0.4 Di-n-propylamine [Dipropylamine] 142-84-7 Dioxane, 1,4- 123-91-1 Diphenylamine 122-39-4 0.025 0.025 0.025 IRIS Diphenylhydrazine, 1,2- 122-66-7 Disulfiram [Tetraethylthiuram disulfide] 97-77-8 Disulfoton 298-04-4 0.00004 0.00004 0.00004 IRIS 0.001 0.00009 0.00006 Dithiobiuret 541-53-7 Endosulfan 115-29-7 0.006 0.006 0.006 IRIS 0.002 0.002 Endosulfan I 959-98-8 0.006 0.006 0.006 IRIS Endosulfan II 33213-65-9 0.006 0.006 0.006 IRIS Endosulfan sulfate 1031-07-8 Endothall 145-73-3 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS Endrin 72-20-8 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS 0.002 0.0003 Endrin aldehyde 7421-93-4 Endrin ketone 53494-70-5 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-37 Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 0.002 0.002 0.002 HEAST Epinephrine 51-43-4 Ethoxyethanol, 2- 110-80-5 0.4 0.4 0.4 HEAST Ethyl acetate 141-78-6 0.9 0.9 0.9 IRIS Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 Ethyl carbamate 51-79-6 Ethyl cyanide (propionitrile) 107-12-0 Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate, S- [EPTC] 759-94-4 0.025 0.025 0.025 IRIS Ethyl ether 60-29-7 0.2 0.2 0.2 IRIS Ethyl methacrylate 97-63-2 0.09 0.09 0.09 HEAST Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Ethyl Ziram 14324-55-1 Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS Ethylene dibromide (1,2- dibromoethane) 106-93-4 0.002
Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 0.00008 0.00008 0.00008 IRIS Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid, salts and esters 111-54-6
Ethyleneimine (aziridine) 151-56-4 Famphur 52-85-7 Ferbam 14484-64-1 Fluoracetamide, 2- 640-19-7 Fluoracetic acid, sodium salt (Sodium fluoroacetate) 62-74-8 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 IRIS

Fluoranthene 206-44-0 0.04 0.04 0.04 IRIS 0.4 Fluorene 86-73-7 0.04 0.04 0.04 IRIS 0.4 Fluoride 16984-48-8 0.06 0.06 0.06 IRIS Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.2 0.2 0.2 IRIS 0.3 0.2 Formetanate hydrochloride 23422-53-9 Formic acid 64-18-6 2.00 2.00 2.00 HEAST (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-38 Formparanate 17702-57-7 Furan 110-00-9 0.001 0.001 0.001 IRIS Furancarbox-aldehyde, 2- (furfural) 98-01-1 0.003 0.003 0.003 IRIS Glycidylaldehyde 765-34-4 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 IRIS Heptachlor 76-44-8 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 IRIS Heptachlor epoxide 1024-57-3 0.000013 0.000013 0.000013 IRIS Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- 67562-39-4 Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8,9- 55673-89-7 Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- 35822-46-9
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 87-68-3 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 HEAST 0.0002 Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 IRIS 0.008 0.0003 0.00002Hexachlorocyclohexane, alpha- (alphaHCH) 319-84-6 0.01
Hexachlorocyclohexane, beta- (betaHCH) 319-85-7 0.2 0.0006
Hexachlorocyclohexane, delta (deltaHCH) 319-86-8
Hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma- (Lindane) 58-89-9 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS 0.01 0.00001
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77-47-4 0.007 0.007 0.007 IRIS 0.1 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 70648-26-9 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57117-44-9 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 72918-21-9 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,6,7,8- 60851-34-5 Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 39227-28-6
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57653-85-7
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 19408-74-3

Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 0.001 0.001 0.001 IRIS 1 0.01 Hexachlorophene 70-30-4 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-39 Hexachloropropene 1888-71-7 Hexaethyl tetraphosphate 757-58-4 Hexanone, 2- 591-78-6 Hydrazine (and hydrazine sulfate); CAS and FR = hydrazine only 302-01-2
Indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene 193-39-5 Iodo-2-propynyl N-butylcarbamate, 3- 55406-53-6 Iodomethane 74-88-4 Isobutyl alcohol 78-83-1 0.3 0.3 0.3 IRIS Isodrin 465-73-6 Isolan [Isopropyl methyl pyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate] 119-38-0
Isophorone 78-59-1 0.2 0.2 0.2 IRIS 3 0.2 Isosafrole 120-58-1 Kepone 143-50-0 0.01 0.0005 0.0005 Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Lead 7439-92-1 Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS Maleic hydrazide 123-33-1 0.5 0.5 0.5 IRIS Malononitrile 109-77-3 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 HEAST Manganese dimethyldithiocarbamate 15339-36-3 Melphalan 148-82-3 Mercury 7439-97-6 0.0003 0.0003 *MeHg HEAST Metam sodium 137-42-8 Methacrylonitrile 126-98-7 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 IRIS Methanethiol [methyl mercaptan] 74-93-1 Methanol 67-56-1 0.5 0.5 0.5 IRIS Methapyrilene 91-80-5 Methiocarb 2032-65-7 Methomyl 16752-77-5 0.025 0.025 0.025 IRIS Methoxychlor 72-43-5 0.005 0.005 0.005 IRIS 0.02 0.02 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-40 Methyl bromide (Bromomethane) 74-83-9 0.0014 0.0014 0.0014 IRIS 0.003 Methyl chloride (Chloromethane) 74-87-3 Methyl ethyl ketone 78-93-3 0.6 0.6 0.6 IRIS Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide 1338-23-4 Methyl hydrazine 60-34-4 Methyl isobutyl ketone 108-10-1 0.08 0.08 0.08 HEAST Methyl mercury 22967-92-6 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 IRIS 0.0005 Methyl methacrylate 80-62-6 1.4 1.4 1.4 IRIS Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Methyl parathion 298-00-0 0.00025 0.00025 0.00025 IRIS 0.0003 Methylaziridine, 2- 75-55-8 Methylcholanthrene, 3- 56-49-5 Methylene bromide 74-95-3 0.01 0.01 0.01 HEAST Methylene chloride 75-09-2 0.06 0.06 0.06 IRIS 0.06 Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), 4,4'- 101-14-4 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 HEAST Methylnaphthalene, 2- 91-57-6 Methyl-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) 70-25-7 Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Metolcarb 1129-41-5 Mexacarbate 315-18-4 Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Molinate 2212-67-1 0.002 0.002 0.002 IRIS Molybdenum 7439-98-7 0.005 0.005 0.005 IRIS Naphthalene 91-20-3 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS Naphthoquinone, 1,4- 130-15-4 Naphthyl-2-thiourea, 1- 86-88-4 Naphthylamine, 1- 134-32-7 Naphthylamine, 2- 91-59-8 Nickel 7440-02-0 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS Nicotine and salts 54-11-5 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-41 Nitroaniline, 2- 88-74-4 Nitroaniline, 3- 99-09-2 Nitroaniline, 4- 100-01-6 Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 IRIS Nitrogen mustard 55-86-7 Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride salt 51-75-2 Nitrogen mustard N- Oxide 126-85-2 Nitrogen mustard N-Oxide HCl salt 302-70-5 Nitroglycerine 55-63-0 Nitro-o-toluidine, 5- (2-Methyl-5- nitroaniline) 99-55-8
Nitrophenol, 2- 88-75-5 Nitrophenol, 4- 100-02-7 Nitropropane, 2- 79-46-9 Nitroquinoline-1-oxide, 4- 56-57-5 N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 N-Nitrosodiethylamine 55-18-5 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 62-75-9 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3 N-Nitroso-di-n-propylamine 621-64-7 0.095 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 86-30-6 N-Nitrosomethyl vinyl amine 4549-40-0 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea 759-73-9 N-Nitroso-N-methylurea 684-93-5 N-Nitroso-N-methylurethane 615-53-2 N-Nitrosonomicotine 16543-55-8 N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-42 N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 N-Phenylthiourea 103-85-5 Octachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDF] 39001-02-0
Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDD] 3268-87-9
Octamethyl pyrophosphoramide 152-16-9 0.002 0.002 0.002 HEAST Osmium tetroxide 20816-12-0 Oxamyl 23135-22-0 0.025 0.025 0.025 IRIS Paraldehyde 123-63-7 Parathion 56-38-2 0.006 0.006 0.006 HEAST Pebulate 1114-71-2 0.05 0.05 0.05 HEAST Pentachlorobenzene 608-93-5 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 IRIS Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8- 57117-41-6 Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,7,8- 57117-31-4 Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8- 40321-76-4 Pentachloroethane 76-01-7 Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) 82-68-8 0.003 0.003 0.003 IRIS Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 0.03 0.03 0.03 IRIS 0.005 0.001 Pentadiene, 1,3- 504-60-9 Phenacetin 62-44-2 Phenanthrene 85-01-8 Phenol 108-95-2 0.6 0.6 0.6 IRIS 0.0003 Phenyl mercuric acetate 62-38-4 0.00008 0.00008 0.00008 IRIS Phenylenediamine, m- (1,3-) 108-45-2 0.006 0.006 0.006 IRIS Phenylenediamine, p- 106-50-3 0.19 0.19 0.19 HEAST Phenylenediamines (N.O.S.) 25265-76-3 0.006 0.006 0.006 IRIS Phorate 298-02-2 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 HEAST Phosphorodithioic acid, o-o-diethyl ester 298-06-6
(continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-43Phosphorodithioic acid, o-o-diethyl-smethyl 3288-58-2
Phosphorodithioic acid, trimethyl ester 2953-29-9 Phthalic anhydride 85-44-9 2 2 2 IRIS Physostigmine 57-47-6 Physostigmine salicylate 57-64-7 Picoline, 2- 109-06-8 Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors) 1336-36-3 0.00007 0.00007 0.00007 IRIS 0.02 ug/kg/day Potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-03-0Potassium N-hydroxymethyl Nmethyldithiocarbamate 51026-28-9
Potassium N-methyldithiocarbamate 137-41-7 Promecarb 2631-37-0 Pronamide 23950-58-5 0.075 0.075 0.075 IRIS Propane sulfone, 1,3- 1120-71-4 Propargyl alcohol (propyn-1-ol, 2-) 107-19-7 0.002 0.002 0.002 IRIS Propham 122-42-9 0.02 0.02 0.02 IRIS Propoxur [Baygon][2-(1-Methylethoxy)- phenol, methylcarbamate] 114-26-1 0.004 0.004 0.004 IRIS
Propylamine, n- 107-10-8 Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Prosulfocarb 52888-80-9 Pyrene 129-00-0 0.03 0.03 0.03 IRIS Pyridine 110-86-1 0.001 0.001 0.001 IRIS Reserpine 50-55-5 Resorcinol 108-46-3 Saccharin and salts 81-07-2 Safrole 94-59-7 Selenium 7782-49-2 0.005 0.005 0.005 IRIS 0.005 Selenium, tetrakis- (dimethyldithiocarbamate) [Selenium dimethyldithiocarbamate] 144-34-3

(continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-44 Silver 7440-22-4 0.005 0.005 0.005 IRIS, RTI Sodium dibutyldithiocarbamate 136-30-1 Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate 148-18-5 Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-04-1 Sodium fluoroacetate 62-74-8 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 IRIS Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Strychnine (and salts) 57-24-9 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS Styrene 100-42-5 0.2 0.2 0.2 IRIS 2.00E-01 Sulfallate 95-06-7 Sulfide 18496-25-8 0.003 0.003 0.003 IRIS TCDD, 2,3,7,8- 1746-01-6 0.0002 ug/kg/d 0.00002 ug/kg/d 0.000001 ug/kg/d Tetrabutylthiuram disulfide 1634-02-2 Tetrabutylthiuram monosulfide [Bis- (dimethylthiocarbamoyl)sulfide] 97-74-5
Tetrachlorobenzene, 1,2,4,5- 95-94-3 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS Tetrachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,7,8- [2,3,7,8-TCDF] 51207-31-9
Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1,2- 630-20-6 0.03 0.03 0.03 IRIS Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2- 79-34-5 0.6 0.04 Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 0.01 0.01 0.01 IRIS 0.05 Tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,4,6- 58-90-2 0.03 0.03 0.03 IRIS Tetraethyl pyrophosphate 107-49-3 Tetraethyldithiopyro-phosphate 3689-24-5 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 IRIS Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9 Thallium (I) 7440-28-0 0.00008 0.00008 0.00008 IRIS Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Thiodicarb 59669-26-0 Thiofanox 39196-18-4 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 HEAST Thiophanate-methyl 23564-05-8 0.08 0.08 0.08 IRIS Thiophenol (Benzenethiol) 108-98-5 (continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-45 Thiosemicarbizide 79-19-6 Thiourea 62-56-6 Thiram 137-26-8 0.005 0.005 0.005 IRIS Tin 7440-31-5 0.6 0.6 0.6 HEAST Tirpate 26419-73-8 Toluene 108-88-3 0.2 0.2 0.2 IRIS 0.8 0.02 Toluene diisocyanate, 2,4- 584-84-9 Toluene diisocyante, mixed isomers [2,4- and 2,6-Toluene diisocyanate mixture] 26471-62-5

Toluenediamine, 2,4- 95-80-7 Toluenediamine, 2,6- 823-40-5 0.2 0.2 0.2 HEAST Toluenediamine, 3,4- 496-72-0 Toluidine hydrochloride, o- (2- Methylaniline hydrochloride) 636-21-5
Toluidine, o- 95-53-4 Toluidine, p- 106-49-0 Toxaphene 8001-35-2 0.005 0.001 Triallate 2303-17-5 0.013 0.013 0.013 IRIS Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1,2- 76-13-1 30 30 30 IRIS Trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4- 120-82-1 0.01 0.01 0.01 IRIS Trichloroethane, 1,1,1- 71-55-6 0.3 0.3 0.3 SF Trichloroethane, 1,1,2- 79-00-5 0.004 0.004 0.004 IRIS 0.3 0.04 Trichloroethylene (1,1,2-) 79-01-6 0.2 Trichlorofluoromethane 75-69-4 0.3 0.3 0.3 IRIS Trichloromethanethiol 75-70-7 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,5- 95-95-4 0.1 0.1 0.1 IRIS Trichlorophenol, 2,4,6- 88-06-2 0.04 Trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid, 2- (2,4,5- (Silvex) 93-72-1 0.008 0.008 0.008 IRIS
Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5- (245-T) 93-76-5 0.01 0.01 0.01 IRIS
(continued)

# Table 15A-2. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

EPA RfDs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN RfD food & soil (mg/kg/d) RfD water (mg/kg/d) RfD fish (mg/kg/d) RfD source ATSDR acute oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR intermed oral MRL (mg/kg/d) ATSDR chronic oral MRL (mg/kg/d)



# 15-46 Trichloropropane, 1,2,3- 96-18-4 0.006 0.006 0.006 IRIS 0.06 Triethylamine 121-44-8 Triethylphosphorothioate, O,O,O- 126-68-1 Trinitrobenzene, sym- (1,3,5-) 99-35-4 0.03 0.03 0.03 IRIS Tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate 126-72-7 Tris(1-azridinyl) phosphine sulfide 52-24-4 Trypan blue 72-57-1 Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Vanadium 7440-62-2 0.007 0.007 0.007 HEAST 0.003 Vernolate [Vernam] 1929-77-7 0.001 0.001 0.001 IRIS Vinyl acetate 108-05-4 1 1 1 HEAST Vinyl chloride 75-01-4 0.00002 Warfarin 81-81-2 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 IRIS Xylene, m- 108-38-3 2 2 2 HEAST 0.6 Xylene, o- 95-47-6 2 2 2 HEAST Xylene, p- 106-42-3 1 Xylenes (total) 1330-20-7 2 2 2 IRIS 0.2 Zinc 7440-66-6 0.3 0.3 0.3 IRIS 0.3 0.3 Ziram 137-30-4

## Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-47 Table 15A-3. Available Oral Cancer Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF SourceA2123 [Ethanimidothioic acid, 2-(dimethylamino) -Nhydroxy-2-oxo-,methyl ester] 30558-43-1
Acenaphthene 83-32-9 0.001 N&L92 Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 0.001 N&L92 Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 1.00E-02 Acetone 67-64-1 Acetonitrile 75-05-8 Acetophenone 98-86-2 Acetyl chloride 75-36-5 Acetyl-2-thiourea, 1- 591-08-2 Acetylaminofluorene, 2- 53-96-3 3.80E+00 Acrolein 107-02-8 Acrylamide 79-06-1 4.5 4.5 IRIS 4.50E+00 Acrylic acid 79-10-7 Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 0.54 0.54 IRIS 1.00E+00 Aflatoxins 1402-68-2 Aldicarb 116-06-3 Aldicarb sulfone 1646-88-4 Aldrin 309-00-2 17 17 IRIS 1.70E+01 Allyl alcohol 107-18-6 Allyl chloride 107-05-1 2.10E-02 Aminobiphenyl,4- 92-67-1 2.10E+01 Aminomethyl-3-isoxazolol,5- 2763-96-4 Aminopyridine, 4- 504-24-5 Amitrole 61-82-5 9.40E-01 Aniline 62-53-3 0.0057 0.0057 IRIS 5.70E-03 Anthracene 120-12-7 0.01 N&L92 Antimony 7440-36-0 Aramite 140-57-8 0.025 0.025 IRIS 3.00E-02 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5 1.5 IRIS 1.50E+00 Auramine 492-80-8 8.80E-01 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-48 Auramine O (Auramine hydrochloride) 2465-27-2 Azaserine 115-02-6 1.10E+01 Barban 101-27-9 Barium 7440-39-3 Bendiocarb 22781-23-3 Bendiocarb phenol 22961-82-6 Benomyl 17804-35-2 Benz(a)anthracene 56-55-3 0.73 0.73 TEF calc 1.20E+00 0.1 EPA93 Benz(c)acridine 225-51-4 Benzal chloride [Dichloromethyl benzene] 98-87-3 Benzene 71-43-2 0.029 0.029 IRIS 1.00E-01 Benzidine 92-87-5 230 230 IRIS 5.00E+02 Benzo(a)pyrene 50-32-8 7.3 7.3 IRIS 1.20E+01 1 EPA93 Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205-99-2 0.73 0.73 TEF calc 1.20E+00 0.1 EPA93 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 191-24-2 0.01 N&L92 Benzo(j)fluoranthene 205-82-3 TEF=0.1 0.1 CalEPA94 Benzo(k)fluoranthene 207-08-9 0.073 0.073 EPA93 0.01 EPA93 Benzoquinone, p- 106-51-4 Benzotrichloride 98-07-7 13 13 IRIS Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 Benzyl chloride 100-44-7 0.17 0.17 IRIS 1.70E-01 Beryllium 7440-41-7 4.30E+00 Bis (2-chloroisopropyl) ether 39638-32-9 0.07 0.07 HEAST Bis (chloromethyl) ether 542-88-1 220 220 IRIS 4.60E+01 Bis(2-chlorethyl)ether 111-44-4 1.1 1.1 IRIS 2.50E+00 Bis-(2-chloroisopropyl) ether [2,2'-Oxybis(1- chloropropane)] 108-60-1 0.07 0.07 HEAST
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 0.014 0.014 IRIS 8.40E-03 Bis-(pentamethylene)-thiuram tetrasulfide 120-54-7 Bromoacetone 598-31-2 Bromodichloromethane 75-27-4 0.062 0.062 IRIS 1.30E-01 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-49 Bromoform 75-25-2 0.0079 0.0079 IRIS Bromophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 101-55-3 Brucine 357-57-3 Butanol 71-36-3 Butyl benzyl phthalate 85-68-7 Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2-sec- 88-85-7 Butylate 2008-41-5 Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.50E+01 Carbaryl 63-25-2 Carbazole 86-74-8 0.02 0.02 HEAST Carbendazim 10605-21-7 Carbofuran 1563-66-2 Carbofuran phenol 1563-38-8 Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 Carbon oxyfluoride 353-50-4 Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 0.13 0.13 IRIS 1.50E-01 Carbosulfan 55285-14-8 Chloral 75-87-6 Chlorambucil 305-03-3 2.30E-03 Chlordane 57-74-9 0.35 0.35 IRIS 1.20E+00 Chlornaphazin 494-03-1 Chloro-1,3-butadiene, 2- 126-99-8 Chloroacetaldehyde 107-20-0 Chloroaniline, p- 106-47-8 Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 Chlorobenzilate 510-15-6 0.27 0.27 HEAST 1.10E-01 Chlorodibromomethane 124-48-1 0.084 0.084 IRIS 9.40E-02 Chloroethane 75-00-3 Chloroethyl vinyl ether, 2- 110-75-8 Chloroform 67-66-3 0.0061 0.0061 IRIS 1.90E-02 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-50 Chloro-m-cresol, p- 59-50-7 Chloromethyl methyl ether 107-30-2 2.40E+00 Chloronaphthalene, 2- 91-58-7 Chloro-o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4- 3165-93-3 0.46 0.46 HEAST Chlorophenol, 2- 95-57-8 Chlorophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 7005-72-3 Chlorophenyl thiourea, 1-o 5344-82-1 Chloropropionitrile, 3- 542-76-7 Chromium (total) 7440-47-3 see VI Chromium III (insoluble salts) 16065-83-1 Chromium VI 18540-29-9 4.20E-01 Chrysene 218-01-9 0.0073 0.0073 TEF 1.20E-01 0.001 EPA93 Citrus red No. 2 6358-53-8 Cobalt 7440-48-4 Copper 7440-50-8 Copper dimethyldithiocarbamate 137-29-1 Cresol, m- 108-39-4 Cresol, o- 95-48-7 Cresol, p- 106-44-5 Crotonaldehyde 4170-30-3 1.9 1.9 HEAST Cumene 98-82-8 Cumenyl methylcarbamate, m- 64-00-6 Cyanide (amenable) 57-12-5 Cycasin 14901-08-7 Cycloate 1134-23-2 Cyclohexane 110-82-7 Cyclohexanone 108-94-1 Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2- (2,4-Dinitro-6- cyclohexylphenol or Dinitro-o-cyclohexylphenol) 131-89-5
Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 6.10E-01 Daunomycin 20830-81-3 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-51 Dazomet 533-74-4 DDD 72-54-8 0.24 0.24 IRIS 2.40E-01 DDD (o,p') 53-19-0 DDE 72-55-9 0.34 0.34 IRIS 3.40E-01 DDE (o,p') 3424-82-6 DDT (o,p') 789-02-6 DDT (p,p') 50-29-3 0.34 0.34 IRIS 3.40E-01 Diallate 2303-16-4 0.061 0.061 HEAST Dibenz(a,h)acridine 226-36-8 TEF=0.1 0.1 CalEPA94 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 53-70-3 7.3 7.3 TEF calc 4.10E+00 1 EPA93 Dibenz(a,j)acridine 224-42-0 TEF=0.1 0.1 CalEPA94 Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene 192-65-4 TEF=1.0 1 CalEPA94 Dibenzo(a,h)pyrene 189-64-0 TEF=10.0 10 CalEPA94 Dibenzo(a,i)pyrene 189-55-9 TEF=10.0 10 CalEPA94 Dibenzo(c,g)carbazole, 7H- 194-59-2 1.20E+01 1 CalEPA94 Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2- 96-12-8 1.4 1.4 HEAST 7.00E+00 Dichloro-2-butene, 1,4- 764-41-0 Dichloro-2-butene, trans- 1,4- 110-57-6 Dichloro-2-propanol, 1,3- 96-23-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,2- 95-50-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,3- 541-73-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,4- 106-46-7 0.024 0.024 HEAST 4.00E-02 Dichlorobenzidine, 3,3'- 91-94-1 0.45 0.45 IRIS 1.20E+00 Dichlorodifluoromethane 75-71-8 Dichloroethane, 1,1- 75-34-3 0.0057 Dichloroethane, 1,2- 107-06-2 0.091 0.091 IRIS 7.00E-02 Dichloroethylene, 1,1- 75-35-4 0.6 0.6 IRIS Dichloroethylene, cis-1,2- 156-59-2 Dichloroethylene, trans-1,2- 156-60-5 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-52 Dichloromethoxy ethane 111-91-1 Dichlorophenol, 2,4- 120-83-2 Dichlorophenol, 2,6- 87-65-0 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4- (2,4-D) 94-75-7 Dichloropropane, 1,2- 78-87-5 0.068 0.068 HEAST 6.30E-02 Dichloropropene, 1,3- 542-75-6 0.18 0.18 HEAST 1.80E-01 Dichloropropene, cis-1,3- 10061-01-5 0.18 0.18 HEAST Dichloropropene, trans-1,3- 10061-02-6 0.18 0.18 HEAST Dieldrin 60-57-1 16 16 IRIS 1.60E+01 Diepoxybutane, 1,2,3,4- (2,2'-bioxirane) 1464-53-5 Diethyl O-pyrazinyl phosphorothiate, O,O- 297-97-2 Diethyl phthalate 84-66-2 Diethylene glycol, dicarbamate 5952-26-1 Diethylhydrazine, N,N- 1615-80-1 Diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate 311-45-5 Diethylstilbestrol 56-53-1 4700 4700 HEAST 3.50E+02 Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 4.40E-02 Dimethoate 60-51-5 Dimethyl phthalate 131-11-3 Dimethyl sulfate 77-78-1 Dimethylamine 124-40-3 Dimethylaminoazobenzene, p- 60-11-7 4.60E+00 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, 7,12- 57-97-6 2.50E+02 Dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'- 119-93-7 9.2 9.2 HEAST Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride 79-44-7 1.30E+01 Dimethylphenethyamine, alpha-, alpha- 122-09-8 Dimethylphenol, 2,4- 105-67-9 Dimethyoxybenzidine, 3,3'- 119-90-4 0.014 0.014 HEAST Dimetilan 644-64-4 Di-n-butyl phthalate 84-74-2 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-53 Dinitrobenzene, 1,3- 99-65-0 Dinitrobenzene, 1,4- 100-25-4 Dinitro-o-cresol, 4,6- 534-52-1 Dinitrophenol, 2,4- 51-28-5 Dinitrotoluene, 2,4- 121-14-2 0.68 0.68 IRIS 3.10E-01 Dinitrotoluene, 2,6- 606-20-2 0.68 0.68 IRIS Di-n-octyl phthalate 117-84-0 Di-n-propylamine [Dipropylamine] 142-84-7 Dioxane, 1,4- 123-91-1 0.011 0.011 IRIS 2.70E-02 Diphenylamine 122-39-4 Diphenylhydrazine, 1,2- 122-66-7 0.8 0.8 IRIS 8.70E-01 Disulfiram [Tetraethylthiuram disulfide] 97-77-8 Disulfoton 298-04-4 Dithiobiuret 541-53-7 Endosulfan 115-29-7 Endosulfan I 959-98-8 Endosulfan II 33213-65-9 Endosulfan sulfate 1031-07-8 Endothall 145-73-3 Endrin 72-20-8 Endrin aldehyde 7421-93-4 Endrin ketone 53494-70-5 Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 0.0099 0.0099 IRIS 8.00E-02 Epinephrine 51-43-4 Ethoxyethanol, 2- 110-80-5 Ethyl acetate 141-78-6 Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 0.048 0.048 HEAST Ethyl carbamate 51-79-6 1.00E+00 Ethyl cyanide (propionitrile) 107-12-0 Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate, S- [EPTC] 759-94-4 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-54 Ethyl ether 60-29-7 Ethyl methacrylate 97-63-2 Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 293 293 CAG Ethyl Ziram 14324-55-1 Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane) 106-93-4 85 85 IRIS 2.50E-01 Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 1.02 1.02 HEAST 3.10E-01 Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 0.11 0.11 HEAST 4.50E-02 Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid, salts and esters 111-54-6 Ethyleneimine (aziridine) 151-56-4 6.50E+01 Famphur 52-85-7 Ferbam 14484-64-1 Fluoracetamide, 2- 640-19-7 Fluoracetic acid, sodium salt(Sodium fluoroacetate) 62-74-8 Fluoranthene 206-44-0 0.001 N&L92 Fluorene 86-73-7 0.001 N&L92 Fluoride 16984-48-8 Formaldehyde 50-00-0 2.10E-02 Formetanate hydrochloride 23422-53-9 Formic Acid 64-18-6 Formparanate 17702-57-7 Furan 110-00-9 Furancarbox-aldehyde, 2- (furfural) 98-01-1 Glycidylaldehyde 765-34-4 Heptachlor 76-44-8 4.5 4.5 IRIS 5.70E+00 Heptachlor epoxide 1024-57-3 9.1 9.1 IRIS 1.30E+01 Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- 67562-39-4 1500 1500 EPA 1.30E+03 0.01 EPA98 Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8,9- 55673-89-7 1500 1500 EPA 1.30E+03 0.01 EPA98 Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4, 6,7,8- 35822-46-9 1500 1500 EPA 1.30E+03 0.01 EPA98 Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 87-68-3 0.078 0.078 IRIS (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-55 Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 1.6 1.6 IRIS 1.80E+00 Hexachlorocyclohexane, alpha- (alpha-HCH) 319-84-6 6.3 6.3 IRIS 2.70E+00 Hexachlorocyclohexane, beta- (beta-HCH) 319-85-7 1.8 1.8 IRIS 1.50E+00 Hexachlorocyclohexane, delta (delta-HCH) 319-86-8 Hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma- (Lindane) 58-89-9 1.3 1.3 HEAST 1.10E+00 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77-47-4 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 70648-26-9 15000 15000 EPA 1.30E+04 0.1 EPA98 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57117-44-9 15000 15000 EPA 1.30E+04 0.1 EPA98 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 72918-21-9 15000 15000 EPA 1.30E+04 0.1 EPA98 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,6,7,8- 60851-34-5 15000 15000 EPA 1.30E+04 0.1 EPA98 Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 39227-28-6 15000 15000 EPA 1.30E+04 0.1 EPA98 Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57653-85-7 15000 15000 EPA 1.30E+04 0.1 EPA98 Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 19408-74-3 6200 6200 IRIS 1.30E+04 0.1 EPA98 Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 0.014 0.014 IRIS 3.90E-02 Hexachlorophene 70-30-4 Hexachloropropene 1888-71-7 Hexaethyl tetraphosphate 757-58-4 Hexanone, 2- 591-78-6 Hydrazine (and hydrazine sulfate); CAS and FR = hydrazine only 302-01-2 3 3 IRIS 3.00E+00
Indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene 193-39-5 0.73 0.73 TEF calc 1.20E+00 0.1 EPA93 Iodo-2-propynyl N-butylcarbamate, 3- 55406-53-6 Iodomethane 74-88-4 Isobutyl alcohol 78-83-1 Isodrin 465-73-6 Isolan [Isopropyl methyl pyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate] 119-38-0
Isophorone 78-59-1 0.00095 0.00095 IRIS Isosafrole 120-58-1 Kepone 143-50-0 1.60E+01 Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 7.80E+00 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-56 Lead 7439-92-1 8.50E-03 Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 Maleic hydrazide 123-33-1 Malononitrile 109-77-3 Manganese dimethyldithiocarbamate 15339-36-3 Melphalan 148-82-3 1.30E+02 Mercury 7439-97-6 Metam Sodium 137-42-8 Methacrylonitrile 126-98-7 Methanethiol [methyl mercaptan] 74-93-1 Methanol 67-56-1 Methapyrilene 91-80-5 Methiocarb 2032-65-7 Methomyl 16752-77-5 Methoxychlor 72-43-5 Methyl bromide (Bromomethane) 74-83-9 Methyl chloride (Chloromethane) 74-87-3 0.013 0.013 HEAST Methyl ethyl ketone 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide 1338-23-4 Methyl hydrazine 60-34-4 Methyl isobutyl ketone 108-10-1 Methyl mercury 22967-92-6 Methyl methacrylate 80-62-6 Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 9.90E-02 Methyl parathion 298-00-0 Methylaziridine, 2- 75-55-8 Methylcholanthrene, 3- 56-49-5 25.5 25.5 CAG 2.20E+01 Methylene bromide 74-95-3 Methylene chloride 75-09-2 0.0075 0.0075 IRIS 1.40E-02 Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), 4,4'- 101-14-4 0.13 0.13 HEAST 1.50E+00 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-57 Methylnaphthalene, 2- 91-57-6 Methyl-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) 70-25-7 Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 4.00E-01 Metolcarb 1129-41-5 Mexacarbate 315-18-4 Mitomycin C 50-07-7 8.20E+03 Molinate 2212-67-1 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 Naphthalene 91-20-3 0.001 N&L92 Naphthoquinone, 1,4- 130-15-4 Naphthyl-2-thiourea, 1- 86-88-4 Naphthylamine, 1- 134-32-7 Naphthylamine, 2- 91-59-8 1.80E+00 Nickel 7440-02-0 0.91 (nickel & cmpds) Nicotine and salts 54-11-5 Nitroaniline, 2- 88-74-4 Nitroaniline, 3- 99-09-2 Nitroaniline, 4- 100-01-6 Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 Nitrogen mustard 55-86-7 Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride salt 51-75-2 Nitrogen mustard N- Oxide 126-85-2 Nitrogen mustard N-Oxide HCl salt 302-70-5 Nitroglycerine 55-63-0 Nitro-o-toluidine, 5- (2-Methyl-5-nitroaniline) 99-55-8 0.033 0.033 HEAST Nitrophenol, 2- 88-75-5 Nitrophenol, 4- 100-02-7 Nitropropane, 2- 79-46-9 Nitroquinoline-1-oxide, 4- 56-57-5 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-58 N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 2.8 2.8 IRIS 2.80E+00 N-Nitrosodiethylamine 55-18-5 150 150 IRIS 3.60E+01 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 62-75-9 51 51 IRIS 1.60E+01 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3 5.4 5.4 IRIS 3.10E-03 N-Nitroso-di-n-propylamine 621-64-7 7 7 IRIS 7.00E+00 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 86-30-6 0.0049 0.0049 IRIS 9.00E-03 N-Nitrosomethyl vinyl amine 4549-40-0 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 22 22 IRIS 3.70E+00 N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 6.70E+00 N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea 759-73-9 140 140 HEAST 2.70E+01 N-Nitroso-N-methylurea 684-93-5 1.20E+02 N-Nitroso-N-methylurethane 615-53-2 1.10E+02 N-Nitrosonomicotine 16543-55-8 1.40E+00 N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 37.5 37.5 CAG 9.40E+00 N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 2.1 2.1 IRIS 2.10E+00 N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 N-Phenylthiourea 103-85-5 Octachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDF] 39001-02-0 150 150 EPA 0.001 EPA98 Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDD] 3268-87-9 150 150 EPA 0.001 EPA98
Octamethyl pyrophosphoramide 152-16-9 Osmium tetroxide 20816-12-0 Oxamyl 23135-22-0 Paraldehyde 123-63-7 Parathion 56-38-2 Pebulate 1114-71-2 Pentachlorobenzene 608-93-5 Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8- 57117-41-6 7500 7500 EPA 6.50E+03 0.05 EPA98 Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,7,8- 57117-31-4 75000 75000 EPA 6.50E+04 0.5 EPA98 Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8- 40321-76-4 75000 75000 EPA 6.50E+04 0.5 EPA98 Pentachloroethane 76-01-7 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-59 Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) 82-68-8 0.26 0.26 HEAST Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 0.12 0.12 IRIS 1.80E-02 Pentadiene, 1,3- 504-60-9 Phenacetin 62-44-2 2.20E-03 Phenanthrene 85-01-8 0.001 N&L92 Phenol 108-95-2 Phenyl mercuric acetate 62-38-4 Phenylenediamine, m- (1,3-) 108-45-2 Phenylenediamine, p- 106-50-3 Phenylenediamines (N.O.S.) 25265-76-3 0.047 0.047 HEAST Phorate 298-02-2 Phosphorodithioic acid, o-o-diethyl ester 298-06-6 Phosphorodithioic acid, o-o-diethyl-s-methyl 3288-58-2 Phosphorodithioic acid, trimethyl ester 2953-29-9 Phthalic anhydride 85-44-9 Physostigmine 57-47-6 Physostigmine salicylate 57-64-7 Picoline, 2- 109-06-8 Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors) 1336-36-3 2 0.4 IRIS 2.0E+0 (high) 7.0E-2 (low) Potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-03-0Potassium N-hydroxymethyl Nmethyldithiocarbamate 51026-28-9
Potassium N-methyldithiocarbamate 137-41-7 Promecarb 2631-37-0 Pronamide 23950-58-5 Propane sulfone, 1,3- 1120-71-4 2.40E+00 Propargyl alcohol (propyn-1-ol, 2-) 107-19-7 Propham 122-42-9 Propoxur [Baygon][2-(1-Methylethoxy)-phenol, methylcarbamate] 114-26-1
Propylamine, n- 107-10-8 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-60 Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 1.00E+00 Prosulfocarb 52888-80-9 Pyrene 129-00-0 0.001 N&L92 Pyridine 110-86-1 Reserpine 50-55-5 1.10E+01 Resorcinol 108-46-3 Saccharin and salts 81-07-2 Safrole 94-59-7 0.18 0.18 CAG 2.20E-01 Selenium 7782-49-2 Selenium, tetrakis-(dimethyldithiocarbamate) [Selenium dimethyldithiocarbamate] 144-34-3

Silver 7440-22-4 Sodium dibutyldithiocarbamate 136-30-1 Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate 148-18-5 0.27 0.27 HEAST Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-04-1 Sodium fluoroacetate 62-74-8 Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 1.10E+02 Strychnine (and salts) 57-24-9 Styrene 100-42-5 Sulfallate 95-06-7 1.90E-01 Sulfide 18496-25-8 TCDD, 2,3,7,8- 1746-01-6 150000 150000 HEAST 1.30E+05 1 EPA98 Tetrabutylthiuram disulfide 1634-02-2 Tetrabutylthiuram monosulfide [Bis- (dimethylthiocarbamoyl)sulfide] 97-74-5
Tetrachlorobenzene, 1,2,4,5- 95-94-3 Tetrachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,7,8- [2,3,7,8-TCDF] 51207-31-9 15000 15000 EPA 1.30E+04 0.1 EPA98 Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1,2- 630-20-6 0.026 0.026 IRIS Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2- 79-34-5 0.2 0.2 IRIS 2.00E-01 Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 0.052 0.052 SF 5.10E-02 Tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,4,6- 58-90-2 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-61 Tetraethyl pyrophosphate 107-49-3 Tetraethyldithiopyro-phosphate 3689-24-5 Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9 Thallium (I) 7440-28-0 Thioacetamide 62-55-5 6.10E+01 Thiodicarb 59669-26-0 Thiofanox 39196-18-4 Thiophanate-methyl 23564-05-8 Thiophenol (Benzenethiol) 108-98-5 Thiosemicarbizide 79-19-6 Thiourea 62-56-6 7.20E-02 Thiram 137-26-8 Tin 7440-31-5 Tirpate 26419-73-8 Toluene 108-88-3 Toluene diisocyanate, 2,4- 584-84-9 3.90E-02 Toluene diisocyante, mixed isomers [2,4- and 2,6- Toluene diisocyanate mixture] 26471-62-5 3.90E-02
Toluenediamine, 2,4- 95-80-7 3.2 3.2 HEAST 4.00E+00 Toluenediamine, 2,6- 823-40-5 Toluenediamine, 3,4- 496-72-0 Toluidine hydrochloride, o- (2-Methylaniline hydrochloride) 636-21-5 0.18 0.18 HEAST 1.30E-01
Toluidine, o- 95-53-4 0.24 0.24 HEAST 1.80E-01 Toluidine, p- 106-49-0 0.19 0.19 HEAST Toxaphene 8001-35-2 1.1 1.1 IRIS 1.20E+00 Triallate 2303-17-5 Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1,2- 76-13-1 Trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4- 120-82-1 Trichloroethane, 1,1,1- 71-55-6 Trichloroethane, 1,1,2- 79-00-5 0.057 0.057 IRIS 5.70E-02 (continued)

# Table 15A-3. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

CASRN EPA oral CSFs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

Chemical Name Oral CSF - food & soil (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF - water (mg/kg/d) -1 Oral CSF source CalEPA Oral CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 TEF TEF Source



# 15-62 Trichloroethylene (1,1,2-) 79-01-6 0.011 0.011 SF 1.50E-02 Trichlorofluoromethane 75-69-4 Trichloromethanethiol 75-70-7 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,5- 95-95-4 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,6- 88-06-2 0.011 0.011 IRIS 7.00E-02 Trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid , 2-(2,4,5- (Silvex) 93-72-1 Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5- (245-T) 93-76-5 Trichloropropane, 1,2,3- 96-18-4 7.0 7.0 HEAST Triethylamine 121-44-8 Triethylphosphorothioate, O,O,O- 126-68-1 Trinitrobenzene, sym- (1,3,5-) 99-35-4 Tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate 126-72-7 2.30E+00 Tris(1-azridinyl) phosphine sulfide 52-24-4 1.20E+01 Trypan blue 72-57-1 Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Vanadium 7440-62-2 Vernolate [Vernam] 1929-77-7 Vinyl acetate 108-05-4 Vinyl chloride 75-01-4 1.90 1.90 HEAST 2.70E-01 Warfarin 81-81-2 Xylene, m- 108-38-3 Xylene, o- 95-47-6 Xylene, p- 106-42-3 Xylenes (total) 1330-20-7 Zinc 7440-66-6 Ziram 137-30-4

## Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-63 Table 15A-4. Available Inhalation Noncancer Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999) A2123 [Ethanimidothioic acid, 2- (dimethylamino) -N-hydroxy-2- oxo-,methyl ester] 30558-43-1

Acenaphthene 83-32-9 Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 0.009 IRIS 9.0E-03 Acetone 67-64-1 26 13 13 Acetonitrile 75-05-8 0.06 IRIS Acetophenone 98-86-2 Acetyl chloride 75-36-5 Acetyl-2-thiourea, 1- 591-08-2 Acetylaminofluorene, 2- 53-96-3 Acrolein 107-02-8 0.00002 IRIS 0.00005 0.000009 2.0E-05 Acrylamide 79-06-1 7.0E-04 Acrylic acid 79-10-7 0.001 IRIS 1.0E-03 Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 0.002 IRIS 0.1 2.0E-03 Aflatoxins 1402-68-2 Aldicarb 116-06-3 Aldicarb sulfone 1646-88-4 Aldrin 309-00-2 Allyl alcohol 107-18-6 Allyl chloride 107-05-1 0.001 IRIS 1.0E-03 Aminobiphenyl,4- 92-67-1 Aminomethyl-3-isoxazolol,5- 2763-96-4 Aminopyridine, 4- 504-24-5 Amitrole 61-82-5 Aniline 62-53-3 0.001 IRIS 1.0E-03 Anthracene 120-12-7 Antimony 7440-36-0 0.0002 IRIS Aramite 140-57-8 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-64 Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.0E-05 Auramine 492-80-8 Auramine O (Auramine hydrochloride) 2465-27-2

Azaserine 115-02-6 Barban 101-27-9 Barium 7440-39-3 0.0005 HEAST N/A Bendiocarb 22781-23-3 Bendiocarb phenol 22961-82-6 Benomyl 17804-35-2 Benz(a)anthracene 56-55-3 Benz(c)acridine 225-51-4 Benzal chloride [Dichloromethyl benzene] 98-87-3

Benzene 71-43-2 0.05 0.004 6.0E-02 Benzidine 92-87-5 1.0E-02 Benzo(a)pyrene 50-32-8 Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205-99-2 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 191-24-2 Benzo(j)fluoranthene 205-82-3 Benzo(k)fluoranthene 207-08-9 Benzoquinone, p- 106-51-4 Benzotrichloride 98-07-7 Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 Benzyl chloride 100-44-7 Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.0E-05 IRIS 1.0E-06 Bis (2-chloroisopropyl) ether 39638-32-9 Bis (chloromethyl) ether 542-88-1 0.0003 Bis(2-chlorethyl)ether 111-44-4 0.02 Bis-(2-chloroisopropyl) ether [2,2'-Oxybis(1-chloropropane)] 108-60-1
(continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-65 Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 1.0E-02 Bis-(pentamethylene)-thiuram tetrasulfide 120-54-7

Bromoacetone 598-31-2 Bromodichloromethane 75-27-4 Bromoform 75-25-2 Bromophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 101-55-3 Brucine 357-57-3 Butanol 71-36-3 Butyl benzyl phthalate 85-68-7 Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2-sec- 88-85-7 Butylate 2008-41-5 Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0E-05 Carbaryl 63-25-2 Carbazole 86-74-8 Carbendazim 10605-21-7 Carbofuran 1563-66-2 Carbofuran phenol 1563-38-8 Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 0.7 IRIS 0.3 7.0E-01 Carbon oxyfluoride 353-50-4 Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 0.2 0.05 4.0E-02 Carbosulfan 55285-14-8 Chloral 75-87-6 Chlorambucil 305-03-3 Chlordane 57-74-9 7.0E-04 IRIS 0.0002 mg/m3 0.00002 mg/m3 Chlornaphazin 494-03-1 Chloro-1,3-butadiene, 2- 126-99-8 0.007 HEAST Chloroacetaldehyde 107-20-0 Chloroaniline, p- 106-47-8 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-66 Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 0.02 HEAST 1.0E+00 Chlorobenzilate 510-15-6 Chlorodibromomethane 124-48-1 Chloroethane 75-00-3 10 IRIS 15 1.0E+01 Chloroethyl vinyl ether, 2- 110-75-8 Chloroform 67-66-3 0.1 0.05 0.02 3.0E-01 Chloro-m-cresol, p- 59-50-7 Chloromethyl methyl ether 107-30-2 Chloronaphthalene, 2- 91-58-7 Chloro-o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4- 3165-93-3
Chlorophenol, 2- 95-57-8 RfC=0.0014 mg/m3 (AC - RR) Chlorophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 7005-72-3 Chlorophenyl thiourea, 1-o 5344-82-1 Chloropropionitrile, 3- 542-76-7 Chromium (total) 7440-47-3 see VI IRIS see VI see VI Chromium III (insoluble salts) 16065-83-1 Chromium VI 18540-29-9 0.0001 IRIS 0.00002 mg/m3 0.00002 mg/m3 Chrysene 218-01-9 Citrus red No. 2 6358-53-8 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.0E-05 EPA 99bI 3E-5 mg/m3 5.0E-06 RfC=0.00001 mg/m3 (AC) Copper 7440-50-8 2.0E-05 Copper dimethyldithiocarbamate 137-29-1 Cresol, m- 108-39-4 Cresol, o- 95-48-7 Cresol, p- 106-44-5 Crotonaldehyde 4170-30-3 Cumene 98-82-8 0.4 IRIS (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-67 Cumenyl methylcarbamate, m- 64-00-6 Cyanide (amenable) 57-12-5 Cycasin 14901-08-7 Cycloate 1134-23-2 Cyclohexane 110-82-7 Cyclohexanone 108-94-1 Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2- (2,4-Dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol or Dinitro-o-cyclohexylphenol) 131-89-5

Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Dazomet 533-74-4 DDD 72-54-8 DDD (o,p') 53-19-0 DDE 72-55-9 DDE (o,p') 3424-82-6 DDT (o,p') 789-02-6 DDT (p,p') 50-29-3 Diallate 2303-16-4 Dibenz(a,h)acridine 226-36-8 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 53-70-3 Dibenz(a,j)acridine 224-42-0 Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene 192-65-4 Dibenzo(a,h)pyrene 189-64-0 Dibenzo(a,i)pyrene 189-55-9 Dibenzo(c,g)carbazole, 7H- 194-59-2 Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2- 96-12-8 0.0002 IRIS 0.0002 Dichloro-2-butene, 1,4- 764-41-0 Dichloro-2-butene, trans- 1,4- 110-57-6 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-68 Dichloro-2-propanol, 1,3- 96-23-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,2- 95-50-1 0.2 HEAST Dichlorobenzene, 1,3- 541-73-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,4- 106-46-7 0.8 IRIS 0.8 0.2 0.1 8.0E-01 Dichlorobenzidine, 3,3'- 91-94-1 Dichlorodifluoromethane 75-71-8 0.2 HEAST 1.0E+00 Dichloroethane, 1,1- 75-34-3 0.5 HEAST Dichloroethane, 1,2- 107-06-2 0.2 0.2 4.0E-01 Dichloroethylene, 1,1- 75-35-4 0.02 2.0E-02 Dichloroethylene, cis-1,2- 156-59-2 Dichloroethylene, trans-1,2- 156-60-5 Dichloromethoxy ethane 111-91-1 Dichlorophenol, 2,4- 120-83-2 Dichlorophenol, 2,6- 87-65-0 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4- (2,4-D) 94-75-7
Dichloropropane, 1,2- 78-87-5 0.004 IRIS 0.05 0.007 Dichloropropene, 1,3- 542-75-6 0.02 IRIS 0.003 0.002 Dichloropropene, cis-1,3- 10061-01-5 0.02 IRIS Dichloropropene, trans-1,3- 10061-02-6 0.02 IRIS Dieldrin 60-57-1 Diepoxybutane, 1,2,3,4- (2,2'- bioxirane) 1464-53-5
Diethyl O-pyrazinylphosphorothiate, O,O297-97-2
Diethyl phthalate 84-66-2 Diethylene glycol, dicarbamate 5952-26-1 Diethylhydrazine, N,N- 1615-80-1 Diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate 311-45-5 Diethylstilbestrol 56-53-1 Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-69 Dimethoate 60-51-5 Dimethyl phthalate 131-11-3 Dimethyl sulfate 77-78-1 Dimethylamine 124-40-3 Dimethylaminoazobenzene, p- 60-11-7 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, 7,12- 57-97-6
Dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'- 119-93-7 Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride 79-44-7 Dimethylphenethyamine, alpha-,alpha122-09-8
Dimethylphenol, 2,4- 105-67-9 Dimethyoxybenzidine, 3,3'- 119-90-4 Dimetilan 644-64-4 Di-n-butyl phthalate 84-74-2 Dinitrobenzene, 1,3- 99-65-0 Dinitrobenzene, 1,4- 100-25-4 Dinitro-o-cresol, 4,6- 534-52-1 Dinitrophenol, 2,4- 51-28-5 Dinitrotoluene, 2,4- 121-14-2 7.0E-03 Dinitrotoluene, 2,6- 606-20-2 Di-n-octyl phthalate 117-84-0 Di-n-propylamine [Dipropylamine] 142-84-7
Dioxane, 1,4- 123-91-1 3.0E+00 RfC=0.8 mg/m3 (AC) Diphenylamine 122-39-4 Diphenylhydrazine, 1,2- 122-66-7 Disulfiram [Tetraethylthiuram disulfide] 97-77-8

Disulfoton 298-04-4 0.006 mg/m3 0.0002 mg/m3 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-70 Dithiobiuret 541-53-7 Endosulfan 115-29-7 Endosulfan I 959-98-8 Endosulfan II 33213-65-9 Endosulfan sulfate 1031-07-8 Endothall 145-73-3 Endrin 72-20-8 Endrin aldehyde 7421-93-4 Endrin ketone 53494-70-5 Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 0.001 IRIS 1.0E-03 Epinephrine 51-43-4 Ethoxyethanol, 2- 110-80-5 0.2 IRIS 2.0E-01 Ethyl acetate 141-78-6 Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 Ethyl carbamate 51-79-6 Ethyl cyanide (propionitrile) 107-12-0 Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate, S- [EPTC] 759-94-4
Ethyl ether 60-29-7 Ethyl methacrylate 97-63-2 Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Ethyl Ziram 14324-55-1 Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 1 IRIS 0.2 1.0E+00 Ethylene dibromide (1,2- dibromoethane) 106-93-4 0.0002 HEAST
Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 0.09 5.0E-03 Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 3.0E-03 Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid, salts and esters 111-54-6
Ethyleneimine (aziridine) 151-56-4 Famphur 52-85-7 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-71 Ferbam 14484-64-1 Fluoracetamide, 2- 640-19-7 Fluoracetic acid, sodium salt (Sodium fluoroacetate) 62-74-8

Fluoranthene 206-44-0 Fluorene 86-73-7 Fluoride 16984-48-8 Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.05 0.01 0.003 2.0E-03 Formetanate hydrochloride 23422-53-9 Formic Acid 64-18-6 Formparanate 17702-57-7 Furan 110-00-9 Furancarbox-aldehyde, 2- (furfural) 98-01-1 0.05 HEAST
Glycidylaldehyde 765-34-4 0.001 HEAST Heptachlor 76-44-8 Heptachlor epoxide 1024-57-3 Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- 67562-39-4
Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8,9- 55673-89-7
Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- 35822-46-9
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 87-68-3 9.0E-02 Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 3.0E-03 Hexachlorocyclohexane, alpha- (alpha-HCH) 319-84-6 2.0E-02
Hexachlorocyclohexane, beta- (beta-HCH) 319-85-7 2.0E-03
Hexachlorocyclohexane, delta (delta-HCH) 319-86-8
Hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma- (Lindane) 58-89-9 3.0E-04
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77-47-4 0.00007 HEAST 0.0001 0.00003 7.0E-04 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-72 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 70648-26-9
Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57117-44-9
Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 72918-21-9
Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,6,7,8- 60851-34-5
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 39227-28-6
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57653-85-7
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 19408-74-3

Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 6 6 8.0E-02 Hexachlorophene 70-30-4 Hexachloropropene 1888-71-7 Hexaethyl tetraphosphate 757-58-4 Hexanone, 2- 591-78-6 Hydrazine (and hydrazine sulfate); CAS and FR = hydrazine only 302-01-2 0.004 2.0E-04

Indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene 193-39-5Iodo-2-propynyl Nbutylcarbamate, 3- 55406-53-6

Iodomethane 74-88-4 Isobutyl alcohol 78-83-1 Isodrin 465-73-6 Isolan [Isopropyl methyl pyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate] 119-38-0
Isophorone 78-59-1 2.0E+00 provisional RfC=0.012 mg/m3 (63FR64371) Isosafrole 120-58-1 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-73 Kepone 143-50-0 Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 Lead 7439-92-1 Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 2.0E-04 Maleic hydrazide 123-33-1 Malononitrile 109-77-3 Manganese dimethyldithiocarbamate 15339-36-3
Melphalan 148-82-3 Mercury 7439-97-6 0.0003 IRIS 0.0002 mg/m3 3.0E-04

Metam Sodium 137-42-8 Methacrylonitrile 126-98-7 0.0007 HEAST Methanethiol [methyl mercaptan] 74-93-1 Methanol 67-56-1 1.0E+01 RfC=13 mg/m3 (AC) Methapyrilene 91-80-5 Methiocarb 2032-65-7 Methomyl 16752-77-5 Methoxychlor 72-43-5 Methyl bromide (Bromomethane) 74-83-9 0.005 IRIS 0.05 0.05 0.005 5.0E-03 Methyl chloride (Chloromethane) 74-87-3 0.3 SF 0.5 0.2 0.05 Methyl ethyl ketone 78-93-3 1 IRIS 1.0E+00 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide 1338-23-4 Methyl hydrazine 60-34-4 Methyl isobutyl ketone 108-10-1 0.08 HEAST Methyl mercury 22967-92-6 Methyl methacrylate 80-62-6 7.0E-01 IRIS 1.0E-01 Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 Methyl parathion 298-00-0 Methylaziridine, 2- 75-55-8 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-74 Methylcholanthrene, 3- 56-49-5 Methylene bromide 74-95-3 Methylene chloride 75-09-2 3 HEAST 0.4 0.03 3.0E-01 Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), 4,4'- 101-14-4
Methylnaphthalene, 2- 91-57-6 Methyl-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) 70-25-7
Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 Metolcarb 1129-41-5 Mexacarbate 315-18-4 Mitomycin C 50-07-7 Molinate 2212-67-1 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 Naphthalene 91-20-3 0.003 IRIS 0.002 9.0E-03 Naphthoquinone, 1,4- 130-15-4 Naphthyl-2-thiourea, 1- 86-88-4 Naphthylamine, 1- 134-32-7 Naphthylamine, 2- 91-59-8 Nickel 7440-02-0 0.0002 mg/m3 5.0E-05

Nicotine and salts 54-11-5 Nitroaniline, 2- 88-74-4 0.0002 HEAST Nitroaniline, 3- 99-09-2 Nitroaniline, 4- 100-01-6 Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 0.002 HEAST 3.0E-02 Nitrogen mustard 55-86-7 Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride salt 51-75-2
Nitrogen mustard N- Oxide 126-85-2 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-75 Nitrogen mustard N-Oxide HCl salt 302-70-5
Nitroglycerine 55-63-0 Nitro-o-toluidine, 5- (2-Methyl-5- nitroaniline) 99-55-8
Nitrophenol, 2- 88-75-5 Nitrophenol, 4- 100-02-7 0.03 mg/m3 Nitropropane, 2- 79-46-9 0.02 IRIS 2.0E-02 Nitroquinoline-1-oxide, 4- 56-57-5 N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 N-Nitrosodiethylamine 55-18-5 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 62-75-9 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3 N-Nitroso-di-n-propylamine 621-64-7 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 86-30-6 N-Nitrosomethyl vinyl amine 4549-40-0 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea 759-73-9 N-Nitroso-N-methylurea 684-93-5 N-Nitroso-N-methylurethane 615-53-2 N-Nitrosonomicotine 16543-55-8 N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 N-Phenylthiourea 103-85-5 Octachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDF] 39001-02-0
Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDD] 3268-87-9
(continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-76 Octamethyl pyrophosphoramide 152-16-9 Osmium tetroxide 20816-12-0 Oxamyl 23135-22-0 Paraldehyde 123-63-7 Parathion 56-38-2 Pebulate 1114-71-2 Pentachlorobenzene 608-93-5 Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8- 57117-41-6
Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,7,8- 57117-31-4
Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8- 40321-76-4

Pentachloroethane 76-01-7 Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) 82-68-8 Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 1.0E-01 Pentadiene, 1,3- 504-60-9 Phenacetin 62-44-2 Phenanthrene 85-01-8 Phenol 108-95-2 6.0E-01 provisional RfC=0.006 mg/m3 (63FR64371) Phenyl mercuric acetate 62-38-4 Phenylenediamine, m- (1,3-) 108-45-2 Phenylenediamine, p- 106-50-3 Phenylenediamines (N.O.S.) 25265-76-3 Phorate 298-02-2Phosphorodithioic acid, o-odiethyl ester 298-06-6
Phosphorodithioic acid, o-odiethyl-s-methyl 3288-58-2
(continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-77 Phosphorodithioic acid, trimethyl ester 2953-29-9
Phthalic anhydride 85-44-9 0.12 HEAST 1.0E-02 Physostigmine 57-47-6 Physostigmine salicylate 57-64-7 Picoline, 2- 109-06-8 Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors) 1336-36-3

Potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-03-0
Potassium N-hydroxymethyl Nmethyldithiocarbamate 51026-28-9

Potassium Nmethyldithiocarbamate 137-41-7

Promecarb 2631-37-0 Pronamide 23950-58-5 Propane sulfone, 1,3- 1120-71-4 Propargyl alcohol (propyn-1-ol, 2-) 107-19-7
Propham 122-42-9 Propoxur [Baygon][2-(1- Methylethoxy)-phenol, methylcarbamate] 114-26-1

Propylamine, n- 107-10-8 Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 Prosulfocarb 52888-80-9 Pyrene 129-00-0 Pyridine 110-86-1 inhal ADI=0.002 mkd, converts to 0.007 mg/m3 (HEEP) Reserpine 50-55-5 Resorcinol 108-46-3 Saccharin and salts 81-07-2 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-78 Safrole 94-59-7 Selenium 7782-49-2 8.0E-05 Selenium, tetrakis- (dimethyldithiocarbamate) [Selenium dimethyldithiocarbamate] 144-34-3

Silver 7440-22-4 2.9E-02 RTI 2.0E-02 Sodium dibutyldithiocarbamate 136-30-1 Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate 148-18-5 Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-04-1 Sodium fluoroacetate 62-74-8 Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 Strychnine (and salts) 57-24-9 Styrene 100-42-5 1 IRIS 0.06 1.0E+00 Sulfallate 95-06-7 Sulfide 18496-25-8 0.001 IRIS TCDD, 2,3,7,8- 1746-01-6 Tetrabutylthiuram disulfide 1634-02-2 Tetrabutylthiuram monosulfide [Bis- (dimethylthiocarbamoyl)sulfide] 97-74-5

Tetrachlorobenzene, 1,2,4,5- 95-94-3 Tetrachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,7,8- [2,3,7,8-TCDF] 51207-31-9
Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1,2- 630-20-6 Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2- 79-34-5 0.4 Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 0.2 0.04 4.0E-02 Tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,4,6- 58-90-2 9.0E-02 Tetraethyl pyrophosphate 107-49-3 Tetraethyldithiopyro-phosphate 3689-24-5 Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9 Thallium (I) 7440-28-0 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-79 Thioacetamide 62-55-5 Thiodicarb 59669-26-0 Thiofanox 39196-18-4 Thiophanate-methyl 23564-05-8 Thiophenol (Benzenethiol) 108-98-5 Thiosemicarbizide 79-19-6 Thiourea 62-56-6 Thiram 137-26-8 Tin 7440-31-5 Tirpate 26419-73-8 Toluene 108-88-3 0.4 IRIS 3 1 4.0E-01 Toluene diisocyanate, 2,4- 584-84-9 7.0E-05 IRIS Toluene diisocyante, mixed isomers [2,4- and 2,6-Toluene diisocyanate mixture] 26471-62-5 7.0E-05 IRIS 7.0E-05

Toluenediamine, 2,4- 95-80-7 Toluenediamine, 2,6- 823-40-5 Toluenediamine, 3,4- 496-72-0 Toluidine hydrochloride, o- (2- Methylaniline hydrochloride) 636-21-5
Toluidine, o- 95-53-4 Toluidine, p- 106-49-0 Toxaphene 8001-35-2 Triallate 2303-17-5 Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1,2- 76-13-1 30 HEAST 9.0E+01
Trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4- 120-82-1 0.2 HEAST Trichloroethane, 1,1,1- 71-55-6 1 SF 2 0.7 1.0E+00 Trichloroethane, 1,1,2- 79-00-5 4.0E-01 Trichloroethylene (1,1,2-) 79-01-6 2 0.1 6.0E-01 Trichlorofluoromethane 75-69-4 0.7 HEAST 2.0E+01 (continued)

# Table 15A-4. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA RfCs used in HWIR Alternate benchmarks

RfC air (mg/m 3) RfC source ATSDR acute inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR intermed inhal MRL

(ppm) ATSDR chronic inhal MRL

(ppm) CalEPA97 chronic inhal REL (mg/m 3) Air Characteristic Study (1999)



# 15-80 Trichloromethanethiol 75-70-7 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,5- 95-95-4 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,6- 88-06-2 Trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid, 2-(2,4,5- (Silvex) 93-72-1
Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5- (245-T) 93-76-5
Trichloropropane, 1,2,3- 96-18-4 0.0003 Triethylamine 121-44-8 7.0E-03 IRIS 7.0E-03 Triethylphosphorothioate, O,O,O- 126-68-1 Trinitrobenzene, sym- (1,3,5-) 99-35-4 Tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate 126-72-7
Tris(1-azridinyl) phosphine sulfide 52-24-4
Trypan blue 72-57-1 Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Vanadium 7440-62-2 0.0002 mg/m3 RfC=0.00007 mg/m3 (AC) Vernolate [Vernam] 1929-77-7 Vinyl acetate 108-05-4 0.2 IRIS 0.01 2.0E-01 Vinyl chloride 75-01-4 0.5 0.03 5.0E-03 Warfarin 81-81-2 Xylene, m- 108-38-3 Xylene, o- 95-47-6 Xylene, p- 106-42-3 Xylenes (total) 1330-20-7 1 0.7 0.1 2.0E-01 Zinc 7440-66-6 9.0E-04 Ziram 137-30-4

## Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks



# 15-81 Table 15A-5. Available Inhalation Cancer Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 A2123 [Ethanimidothioic acid, 2-(dimethylamino) - N-hydroxy-2-oxo-,methyl ester] 30558-43-1
Acenaphthene 83-32-9 Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 0.0077 calc 0.0000022 IRIS 2.70E-06 Acetone 67-64-1 Acetonitrile 75-05-8 Acetophenone 98-86-2 Acetyl chloride 75-36-5 Acetyl-2-thiourea, 1- 591-08-2 Acetylaminofluorene, 2- 53-96-3 see CalEPA 3.80E+00 1.30E-03

Acrolein 107-02-8 Acrylamide 79-06-1 4.5 HEAST 0.0013 IRIS 4.50E+00 1.30E-03 Acrylic acid 79-10-7 Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 0.24 HEAST 0.000068 IRIS 1.00E+00 2.90E-04 Aflatoxins 1402-68-2 Aldicarb 116-06-3 Aldicarb sulfone 1646-88-4 Aldrin 309-00-2 17 HEAST 0.0049 IRIS 1.70E+01 4.90E-03 Allyl alcohol 107-18-6 Allyl chloride 107-05-1 see CalEPA 2.10E-02 6.00E-06
Aminobiphenyl,4- 92-67-1 see CalEPA 2.10E+01 6.00E-03
Aminomethyl-3-isoxazolol,5- 2763-96-4 Aminopyridine, 4- 504-24-5 Amitrole 61-82-5 see CalEPA 9.40E-01 2.70E-04

Aniline 62-53-3 see CalEPA 1.60E-06

Anthracene 120-12-7 Antimony 7440-36-0 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-82 Aramite 140-57-8 0.025 HEAST 0.0000071 IRIS 3.00E-02 8.60E-06 Arsenic 7440-38-2 15 calc 0.0043 IRIS 1.20E+00 3.30E-03 Auramine 492-80-8 see CalEPA 8.80E-01 2.50E-04
Auramine O (Auramine hydrochloride) 2465-27-2 Azaserine 115-02-6 see CalEPA 1.10E+01 3.10E-03

Barban 101-27-9 Barium 7440-39-3 Bendiocarb 22781-23-3 Bendiocarb phenol 22961-82-6 Benomyl 17804-35-2 Benz(a)anthracene 56-55-3 see CalEPA or TEF 3.90E-01 1.10E-04

Benz(c)acridine 225-51-4 Benzal chloride [Dichloromethyl benzene] 98-87-3 Benzene 71-43-2 0.029 HEAST 0.0000083 IRIS 1.00E-01 2.90E-05 Benzidine 92-87-5 230 IRIS 0.067 SF 5.00E+02 1.40E-01 Benzo(a)pyrene 50-32-8 see CalEPA 3.90E+00 1.10E-03
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205-99-2 see CalEPA or TEF 3.90E-01 1.10E-04

Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 191-24-2 Benzo(j)fluoranthene 205-82-3 Benzo(k)fluoranthene 207-08-9 see CalEPA 1.1E-04
Benzoquinone, p- 106-51-4 Benzotrichloride 98-07-7 Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 Benzyl chloride 100-44-7 see CalEPA 1.70E-01 4.90E-05
Beryllium 7440-41-7 8.4 HEAST 0.0024 IRIS 8.40E+00 2.40E-03 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-83 Bis (2-chloroisopropyl) ether 39638-32-9 0.035 HEAST 1.0E-5 HEAST Bis (chloromethyl) ether 542-88-1 220 HEAST 0.062 IRIS 4.60E+01 1.30E-02 Bis(2-chlorethyl)ether 111-44-4 1.1 HEAST 0.00033 IRIS 2.50E+00 7.10E-04 Bis-(2-chloroisopropyl) ether [2,2'-Oxybis(1- chloropropane)] 108-60-1 0.035 HEAST
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 see CalEPA 2.40E-06
Bis-(pentamethylene)-thiuram tetrasulfide 120-54-7 Bromoacetone 598-31-2 Bromodichloromethane 75-27-4 see CalEPA or AC 1.30E-01 3.70E-05

Bromoform 75-25-2 0.0039 HEAST 0.0000011 IRIS Bromophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 101-55-3 Brucine 357-57-3 Butanol 71-36-3 Butyl benzyl phthalate 85-68-7 Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2-sec- 88-85-7 Butylate 2008-41-5 Cadmium 7440-43-9 6.3 calc 0.0018 IRIS 1.50E+01 4.20E-03 Carbaryl 63-25-2 Carbazole 86-74-8 Carbendazim 10605-21-7 Carbofuran 1563-66-2 Carbofuran phenol 1563-38-8 Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 Carbon oxyfluoride 353-50-4 Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 0.053 HEAST 0.000015 IRIS 1.50E-01 4.20E-05 Carbosulfan 55285-14-8 Chloral 75-87-6 Chlorambucil 305-03-3 see CalEPA 4.40E+02 1.30E-01
(continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-84 Chlordane 57-74-9 1.3 HEAST 1.0E-4 IRIS 1.20E+00 3.40E-04 Chlornaphazin 494-03-1 Chloro-1,3-butadiene, 2- 126-99-8 Chloroacetaldehyde 107-20-0 Chloroaniline, p- 106-47-8 Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 Chlorobenzilate 510-15-6 0.27 HEAST 0.000078 HEAST 1.10E-01 3.10E-05 Chlorodibromomethane 124-48-1 see CalEPA or AC 9.40E-02 2.70E-05

Chloroethane 75-00-3 Chloroethyl vinyl ether, 2- 110-75-8 Chloroform 67-66-3 0.081 HEAST 0.000023 IRIS 5.30E-06 Chloro-m-cresol, p- 59-50-7 Chloromethyl methyl ether 107-30-2 see CalEPA 2.40E+00 6.90E-04
Chloronaphthalene, 2- 91-58-7 Chloro-o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4- 3165-93-3 Chlorophenol, 2- 95-57-8 Chlorophenyl phenyl ether, 4- 7005-72-3 Chlorophenyl thiourea, 1-o 5344-82-1 Chloropropionitrile, 3- 542-76-7 Chromium (total) 7440-47-3 41 HEAST see VI see VI see VI Chromium III (insoluble salts) 16065-83-1 Chromium VI 18540-29-9 41 HEAST 0.012 IRIS 5.10E+02 1.50E-01 Chrysene 218-01-9 see CalEPA 3.90E-02 1.10E-05

Citrus red No. 2 6358-53-8 Cobalt 7440-48-4 Copper 7440-50-8 Copper dimethyldithiocarbamate 137-29-1 Cresol, m- 108-39-4 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-85 Cresol, o- 95-48-7 Cresol, p- 106-44-5 Crotonaldehyde 4170-30-3 Cumene 98-82-8 Cumenyl methylcarbamate, m- 64-00-6 Cyanide (amenable) 57-12-5 Cycasin 14901-08-7 Cycloate 1134-23-2 Cyclohexane 110-82-7 Cyclohexanone 108-94-1 Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 2- (2,4-Dinitro-6- cyclohexylphenol or Dinitro-o-cyclohexylphenol) 131-89-5
Cyclophosphamide 50-18-0 see CalEPA 6.10E-01 1.70E-04
Daunomycin 20830-81-3 Dazomet 533-74-4 DDD 72-54-8 see CalEPA 2.40E-01 6.90E-05
DDD (o,p') 53-19-0 DDE 72-55-9 see CalEPA 3.40E-01 9.70E-05
DDE (o,p') 3424-82-6 DDT (o,p') 789-02-6 DDT (p,p') 50-29-3 0.34 HEAST 0.000097 IRIS 3.40E-01 9.70E-05 Diallate 2303-16-4 Dibenz(a,h)acridine 226-36-8 see TEF TEF=0.1 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 53-70-3 see CalEPA 4.10E+00 1.20E-03
Dibenz(a,j)acridine 224-42-0 see TEF TEF=0.1 Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene 192-65-4 see TEF TEF=1.0 Dibenzo(a,h)pyrene 189-64-0 see TEF TEF=10.0 Dibenzo(a,i)pyrene 189-55-9 see TEF TEF=10.0 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-86 Dibenzo(c,g)carbazole, 7H- 194-59-2 see CalEPA 3.90E+00 1.10E-03

Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2- 96-12-8 0 .0024 HEAST 0.00000069 HEAST 7.00E+00 2.00E-03 Dichloro-2-butene, 1,4- 764-41-0 9.3 HEAST 0.0026 HEAST Dichloro-2-butene, trans- 1,4- 110-57-6 9.3 HEAST 2.6E-03 HEAST Dichloro-2-propanol, 1,3- 96-23-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,2- 95-50-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,3- 541-73-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,4- 106-46-7 see CalEPA 1.10E-05
Dichlorobenzidine, 3,3'- 91-94-1 see CalEPA 1.20E+00 3.40E-04

Dichlorodifluoromethane 75-71-8 Dichloroethane, 1,1- 75-34-3 see CalEPA 0.0057 1.60E-06
Dichloroethane, 1,2- 107-06-2 0.091 calc 0.000026 IRIS 7.00E-02 2.20E-05 Dichloroethylene, 1,1- 75-35-4 0.2 HEAST 0.00005 IRIS Dichloroethylene, cis-1,2- 156-59-2 Dichloroethylene, trans-1,2- 156-60-5 Dichloromethoxy ethane 111-91-1 Dichlorophenol, 2,4- 120-83-2 Dichlorophenol, 2,6- 87-65-0 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4- (2,4-D) 94-75-7 Dichloropropane, 1,2- 78-87-5 see CalEPA 6.30E-02 1.80E-05
Dichloropropene, 1,3- 542-75-6 0.13 HEAST 0.000037 HEAST 5.50E-02 1.60E-05 Dichloropropene, cis-1,3- 10061-01-5 0.13 HEAST 0.000037 HEAST Dichloropropene, trans-1,3- 10061-02-6 0.13 HEAST 0.000037 HEAST Dieldrin 60-57-1 16 HEAST 0.0046 IRIS 1.60E+01 4.60E-03 Diepoxybutane, 1,2,3,4- (2,2'-bioxirane) 1464-53-5 Diethyl O-pyrazinyl phosphorothiate, O,O- 297-97-2 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-87 Diethyl phthalate 84-66-2 Diethylene glycol, dicarbamate 5952-26-1 Diethylhydrazine, N,N- 1615-80-1 Diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate 311-45-5 Diethylstilbestrol 56-53-1 see CalEPA 3.50E+02 1.10E-01
Dihydrosafrole 94-58-6 see CalEPA 4.40E-02 1.30E-05

Dimethoate 60-51-5 Dimethyl phthalate 131-11-3 Dimethyl sulfate 77-78-1 Dimethylamine 124-40-3 Dimethylaminoazobenzene, p- 60-11-7 see CalEPA 1.30E-03
Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, 7,12- 57-97-6 see CalEPA 8.40E+01 2.40E-02
Dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'- 119-93-7 Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride 79-44-7 see CalEPA 1.30E+01 3.70E-03
Dimethylphenethyamine, alpha-, alpha- 122-09-8 Dimethylphenol, 2,4- 105-67-9 Dimethyoxybenzidine, 3,3'- 119-90-4 Dimetilan 644-64-4 Di-n-butyl phthalate 84-74-2 Dinitrobenzene, 1,3- 99-65-0 Dinitrobenzene, 1,4- 100-25-4 Dinitro-o-cresol, 4,6- 534-52-1 Dinitrophenol, 2,4- 51-28-5 Dinitrotoluene, 2,4- 121-14-2 see CalEPA or AC 3.10E-01 8.90E-05

Dinitrotoluene, 2,6- 606-20-2 Di-n-octyl phthalate 117-84-0 Di-n-propylamine [Dipropylamine] 142-84-7 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-88 Dioxane, 1,4- 123-91-1 see CalEPA 7.70E-06
Diphenylamine 122-39-4 Diphenylhydrazine, 1,2- 122-66-7 0.8 HEAST 0.00022 IRIS 8.70E-01 2.50E-04 Disulfiram [Tetraethylthiuram disulfide] 97-77-8 Disulfoton 298-04-4 Dithiobiuret 541-53-7 Endosulfan 115-29-7 Endosulfan I 959-98-8 Endosulfan II 33213-65-9 Endosulfan sulfate 1031-07-8 Endothall 145-73-3 Endrin 72-20-8 Endrin aldehyde 7421-93-4 Endrin ketone 53494-70-5 Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 0.0042 HEAST 0.0000012 IRIS 8.00E-02 2.30E-05 Epinephrine 51-43-4 Ethoxyethanol, 2- 110-80-5 Ethyl acetate 141-78-6 Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 Ethyl carbamate 51-79-6 see CalEPA 2.90E-04
Ethyl cyanide (propionitrile) 107-12-0 Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate, S- [EPTC] 759-94-4 Ethyl ether 60-29-7 Ethyl methacrylate 97-63-2 Ethyl methanesulfonate 62-50-0 Ethyl Ziram 14324-55-1 Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane) 106-93-4 0.76 HEAST 0.00022 IRIS 7.10E-05 Ethylene oxide 75-21-8 0.35 HEAST 1.0E-4 HEAST 8.80E-05 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-89 Ethylene thiourea 96-45-7 see CalEPA 1.30E-05
Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid, salts and esters 111-54-6 Ethyleneimine (aziridine) 151-56-4 see CalEPA 6.50E+01 1.90E-02
Famphur 52-85-7 Ferbam 14484-64-1 Fluoracetamide, 2- 640-19-7 Fluoracetic acid, sodium salt (Sodium fluoroacetate) 62-74-8

Fluoranthene 206-44-0 Fluorene 86-73-7 Fluoride 16984-48-8 Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.045 HEAST 0.000013 IRIS 2.10E-02 6.00E-06 Formetanate hydrochloride 23422-53-9 Formic Acid 64-18-6 Formparanate 17702-57-7 Furan 110-00-9 Furancarbox-aldehyde, 2- (furfural) 98-01-1 Glycidylaldehyde 765-34-4 Heptachlor 76-44-8 4.5 HEAST 0.0013 IRIS 5.70E+00 1.60E-03 Heptachlor epoxide 1024-57-3 9.1 HEAST 0.0026 IRIS 1.30E+01 3.70E-03 Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- 67562-39-4 1500 TEF=0.01 EPA 3.80E-01 Heptachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8,9- 55673-89-7 1500 TEF=0.01 EPA 3.80E-01 Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4, 6,7,8- 35822-46-9 1500 TEF=0.01 EPA 3.80E-01 Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 87-68-3 0.078 HEAST 0.000022 IRIS Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 1.6 HEAST 0.00046 IRIS 1.80E+00 5.10E-04 Hexachlorocyclohexane, alpha- (alpha-HCH) 319-84-6 6.3 HEAST 0.0018 IRIS Hexachlorocyclohexane, beta- (beta-HCH) 319-85-7 1.8 HEAST 0.00053 IRIS Hexachlorocyclohexane, delta (delta-HCH) 319-86-8 Hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma- (Lindane) 58-89-9 see CalEPA 1.10E+00 3.10E-04
(continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-90 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77-47-4 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8- 70648-26-9 15000 calc TEF=0.1 EPA 3.80E+00 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,6,7,8- 57117-44-9 15000 calc TEF=0.1 EPA 3.80E+00 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8,9- 72918-21-9 15000 calc TEF=0.1 EPA 3.80E+00 Hexachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,6,7,8- 60851-34-5 15000 calc TEF=0.1 EPA 3.80E+00 Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4, 7,8- 39227-28-6 15000 calc TEF=0.1 EPA 3.80E+00 Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,6, 7,8- 57653-85-7 15000 calc TEF=0.1 EPA 3.80E+00 Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7,8, 9- 19408-74-3 4550 calc 1.3E+00 IRIS 3.80E+00 Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 0.014 HEAST 0.000004 IRIS 3.90E-02 1.10E-05 Hexachlorophene 70-30-4 Hexachloropropene 1888-71-7 Hexaethyl tetraphosphate 757-58-4 Hexanone, 2- 591-78-6 Hydrazine (and hydrazine sulfate); CAS and FR = hydrazine only 302-01-2 17 HEAST 0.0049 IRIS 1.70E+01 4.90E-03
Indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene 193-39-5 see CalEPA 3.90E-01 1.10E-04
Iodo-2-propynyl N-butylcarbamate, 3- 55406-53-6 Iodomethane 74-88-4 Isobutyl alcohol 78-83-1 Isodrin 465-73-6 Isolan [Isopropyl methyl pyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate] 119-38-0
Isophorone 78-59-1 Isosafrole 120-58-1 Kepone 143-50-0 see CalEPA 1.60E+01 4.60E-03
Lasiocarpine 303-34-4 see CalEPA 7.80E+00 2.20E-03

Lead 7439-92-1 see CalEPA 4.20E-02 1.20E-05
Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 Maleic hydrazide 123-33-1 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-91 Malononitrile 109-77-3 Manganese dimethyldithiocarbamate 15339-36-3 Melphalan 148-82-3 see CalEPA 1.30E+02 3.70E-02
Mercury 7439-97-6 Metam Sodium 137-42-8 Methacrylonitrile 126-98-7 Methanethiol [methyl mercaptan] 74-93-1 Methanol 67-56-1 Methapyrilene 91-80-5 Methiocarb 2032-65-7 Methomyl 16752-77-5 Methoxychlor 72-43-5 Methyl bromide (Bromomethane) 74-83-9 Methyl chloride (Chloromethane) 74-87-3 0.0063 HEAST 0.0000018 HEAST Methyl ethyl ketone 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide 1338-23-4 Methyl hydrazine 60-34-4 Methyl isobutyl ketone 108-10-1 Methyl mercury 22967-92-6 Methyl methacrylate 80-62-6 Methyl methanesulfonate 66-27-3 see CalEPA 9.90E-02 2.80E-05
Methyl parathion 298-00-0 Methylaziridine, 2- 75-55-8 Methylcholanthrene, 3- 56-49-5 see CalEPA 7.40E+00 2.10E-03
Methylene bromide 74-95-3 Methylene chloride 75-09-2 0.0016 calc 0.00000047 IRIS 3.50E-03 1.00E-06 Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), 4,4'- 101- 14-4 0.13 HEAST 0.000037 HEAST 1.50E+00 4.30E-04 Methylnaphthalene, 2- 91-57-6 Methyl-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) 70-25-7 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-92 Methylthiouracil 56-04-2 see CalEPA 4.00E-01 1.10E-04

Metolcarb 1129-41-5 Mexacarbate 315-18-4 Mitomycin C 50-07-7 see CalEPA 8.20E+03 2.30E+00

Molinate 2212-67-1 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 Naphthalene 91-20-3 Naphthoquinone, 1,4- 130-15-4 Naphthyl-2-thiourea, 1- 86-88-4 Naphthylamine, 1- 134-32-7 Naphthylamine, 2- 91-59-8 see CalEPA 1.80E+00

Nickel 7440-02-0 0.84 calc 0.00024 (Ni dust) IRIS 2.60E-04

Nicotine and salts 54-11-5 Nitroaniline, 2- 88-74-4 Nitroaniline, 3- 99-09-2 Nitroaniline, 4- 100-01-6 Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 Nitrogen mustard 55-86-7 Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride salt 51-75-2 Nitrogen mustard N- Oxide 126-85-2 Nitrogen mustard N-Oxide HCl salt 302-70-5 Nitroglycerine 55-63-0 Nitro-o-toluidine, 5- (2-Methyl-5-nitroaniline) 99-55-8 Nitrophenol, 2- 88-75-5 Nitrophenol, 4- 100-02-7 Nitropropane, 2- 79-46-9 9.4 HEAST 0.0027 HEAST Nitroquinoline-1-oxide, 4- 56-57-5 N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116-54-7 see CalEPA 2.80E+00 8.00E-04
(continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-93 N-Nitrosodiethylamine 55-18-5 150 HEAST 0.043 IRIS 3.60E+01 1.00E-02 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 62-75-9 51 HEAST 0.014 IRIS 1.60E+01 4.60E-03 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 924-16-3 5.4 HEAST 0.0016 IRIS 1.10E-01 N-Nitroso-di-n-propylamine 621-64-7 see CalEPA 7.00E+00 2.00E-03
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 86-30-6 see CalEPA 2.60E-06
N-Nitrosomethyl vinyl amine 4549-40-0 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595-95-6 see CalEPA 6.30E-03
N-Nitrosomorpholine 59-89-2 see CalEPA 1.90E-03
N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea 759-73-9 see CalEPA 2.70E+01 7.70E-03
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea 684-93-5 see CalEPA 1.20E+02 3.40E-02
N-Nitroso-N-methylurethane 615-53-2 see CalEPA 1.10E+02 3.10E-02

N-Nitrosonomicotine 16543-55-8 see CalEPA 1.40E+00 4.00E-04
N-Nitrosopiperidine 100-75-4 see CalEPA 9.40E+00 2.70E-03
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 930-55-2 2.1 HEAST 0.00061 IRIS 2.10E+00 6.00E-04 N-Nitrososarcosine 13256-22-9 N-Phenylthiourea 103-85-5 Octachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDF] 39001-02-0 150 calc TEF=0.001 EPA Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9- [OCDD] 3268-87-9 150 calc TEF=0.001 EPA
Octamethyl pyrophosphoramide 152-16-9 Osmium tetroxide 20816-12-0 Oxamyl 23135-22-0 Paraldehyde 123-63-7 Parathion 56-38-2 Pebulate 1114-71-2 Pentachlorobenzene 608-93-5 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-94 Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8- 57117-41-6 7500 calc TEF=0.05 EPA 1.90E+00 Pentachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,7,8- 57117-31-4 75000 calc TEF=0.5 EPA 1.90E+01 Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,7, 8- 40321-76-4 75000 calc TEF=0.5 EPA 1.90E+01 Pentachloroethane 76-01-7 Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) 82-68-8 Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 see CalEPA 5.10E-06
Pentadiene, 1,3- 504-60-9 Phenacetin 62-44-2 see CalEPA 2.20E-03 6.30E-07

Phenanthrene 85-01-8 Phenol 108-95-2 Phenyl mercuric acetate 62-38-4 Phenylenediamine, m- (1,3-) 108-45-2 Phenylenediamine, p- 106-50-3 Phenylenediamines (N.O.S.) 25265-76-3 Phorate 298-02-2 Phosphorodithioic acid, o-o-diethyl ester 298-06-6 Phosphorodithioic acid, o-o-diethyl-s-methyl 3288-58-2 Phosphorodithioic acid, trimethyl ester 2953-29-9 Phthalic anhydride 85-44-9 Physostigmine 57-47-6 Physostigmine salicylate 57-64-7 Picoline, 2- 109-06-8 Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors) 1336-36-3 0.4 IRIS 0.0001 (evaporatd congener) IRIS 5.7E-4 (high) 2.0E-5 (low) Potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-03-0Potassium N-hydroxymethyl Nmethyldithiocarbamate 51026-28-9
Potassium N-methyldithiocarbamate 137-41-7 Promecarb 2631-37-0 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-95 Pronamide 23950-58-5 Propane sulfone, 1,3- 1120-71-4 see CalEPA 6.90E-04
Propargyl alcohol (propyn-1-ol, 2-) 107-19-7 Propham 122-42-9 Propoxur [Baygon][2-(1-Methylethoxy)-phenol, methylcarbamate] 114-26-1
Propylamine, n- 107-10-8 Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 see CalEPA 1.00E+00 2.90E-04

Prosulfocarb 52888-80-9 Pyrene 129-00-0 Pyridine 110-86-1 Reserpine 50-55-5 see CalEPA 1.10E+01 3.10E-03

Resorcinol 108-46-3 Saccharin and salts 81-07-2 Safrole 94-59-7 see CalEPA 2.20E-01 6.30E-05

Selenium 7782-49-2 Selenium, tetrakis-(dimethyldithiocarbamate) [Selenium dimethyldithiocarbamate] 144-34-3

Silver 7440-22-4 Sodium dibutyldithiocarbamate 136-30-1 Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate 148-18-5 Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 128-04-1 Sodium fluoroacetate 62-74-8 Streptozotocin 18883-66-4 see CalEPA 1.10E+02 3.10E-02
Strychnine (and salts) 57-24-9 Styrene 100-42-5 Sulfallate 95-06-7 see CalEPA 1.90E-01 5.40E-05

Sulfide 18496-25-8 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-96 TCDD, 2,3,7,8- 1746-01-6 150000 HEAST 0.000033 HEAST 1.30E+05 3.80E+01 Tetrabutylthiuram disulfide 1634-02-2 Tetrabutylthiuram monosulfide [Bis- (dimethylthiocarbamoyl)sulfide] 97-74-5
Tetrachlorobenzene, 1,2,4,5- 95-94-3 Tetrachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,7,8- [2,3,7 ,8-TCDF] 51207-31-9 15000 calc TEF=0.1 EPA 3.80E+00 Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1,2- 630-20-6 0.026 HEAST 0.0000074 IRIS Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2- 79-34-5 0.2 HEAST 0.000058 IRIS 5.80E-05 Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 0.002 SF 5.8E-06 SF 2.10E-02 5.90E-06 Tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,4,6- 58-90-2 Tetraethyl pyrophosphate 107-49-3 Tetraethyldithiopyro-phosphate 3689-24-5 Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9 Thallium (I) 7440-28-0 Thioacetamide 62-55-5 see CalEPA 1.70E-03

Thiodicarb 59669-26-0 Thiofanox 39196-18-4 Thiophanate-methyl 23564-05-8 Thiophenol (Benzenethiol) 108-98-5 Thiosemicarbizide 79-19-6 Thiourea 62-56-6 see CalEPA 7.20E-02 2.10E-05

Thiram 137-26-8 Tin 7440-31-5 Tirpate 26419-73-8 Toluene 108-88-3 Toluene diisocyanate, 2,4- 584-84-9 see CalEPA 1.10E-05
Toluene diisocyante, mixed isomers [2,4- and 2,6- Toluene diisocyanate mixture] 26471-62-5 see CalEPA 3.90E-02 1.10E-05
Toluenediamine, 2,4- 95-80-7 see CalEPA 1.10E-03
(continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-97 Toluenediamine, 2,6- 823-40-5 Toluenediamine, 3,4- 496-72-0 Toluidine hydrochloride, o- (2-Methylaniline hydrochloride) 636-21-5 see CalEPA 1.30E-01 3.70E-05
Toluidine, o- 95-53-4 see CalEPA or AC 1.80E-01 5.10E-05

Toluidine, p- 106-49-0 Toxaphene 8001-35-2 1.1 HEAST 0.00032 IRIS 1.20E+00 3.40E-04 Triallate 2303-17-5 Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,1,2- 76-13-1 Trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4- 120-82-1 Trichloroethane, 1,1,1- 71-55-6 Trichloroethane, 1,1,2- 79-00-5 0.057 HEAST 0.000016 IRIS 1.60E-05 Trichloroethylene (1,1,2-) 79-01-6 0.006 SF 1.7E-06 SF 1.00E-02 2.00E-06 Trichlorofluoromethane 75-69-4 Trichloromethanethiol 75-70-7 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,5- 95-95-4 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,6- 88-06-2 0.01 HEAST 0.0000031 IRIS 7.00E-02 2.00E-05 Trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid , 2-(2,4,5- (Silvex) 93-72-1 Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5- (245-T) 93-76-5 Trichloropropane, 1,2,3- 96-18-4 Triethylamine 121-44-8 Triethylphosphorothioate, O,O,O- 126-68-1 Trinitrobenzene, sym- (1,3,5-) 99-35-4 Tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate 126-72-7 see CalEPA 2.30E+00 6.60E-04
Tris(1-azridinyl) phosphine sulfide 52-24-4 see CalEPA 1.20E+01 3.40E-03
Trypan blue 72-57-1 Uracil mustard 66-75-1 Vanadium 7440-62-2 (continued)

# Table 15A-5. (continued) Appendix A 15.0 Human Health Benchmarks

Chemical Name CASRN EPA inh CSFs used in HWIR EPA or best alternate URF Alternate benchmarks Inhal CSF - air (mg/kg/d) -1 Inhal CSF source Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1 Inhal URF source CalEPA Inhal CSF (mg/kg/d) -1 CalEPA Inhal URF (ug/m 3) -1



# 15-98 Vernolate [Vernam] 1929-77-7 Vinyl acetate 108-05-4 Vinyl chloride 75-01-4 0.30 HEAST 0.000084 HEAST 2.70E-01 7.80E-05 Warfarin 81-81-2 Xylene, m- 108-38-3 Xylene, o- 95-47-6 Xylene, p- 106-42-3 Xylenes (total) 1330-20-7 Zinc 7440-66-6 Ziram 137-30-4