p.1 

OAR Box 1394 

Prepped by Ollie Stewart 

Document Number: 

47) II-C-17 

Docket Number: 

A-94-52 

Printed 7/3/2008 7:52:01 AM Sheet 47 of 56 
P.2 

A-94-52 

MEMORANDUM 

TO: Reinforced Plastic Composites NESHAP Pre-MACT Team 

and/or Work Group Members 

FROM: Greg LaFlam 

Pacific Environmental Services, Inc. (PES) 

DATE: May 16, 1995 

L:\N308 

SUBJECT: Vendor Pre-MACT Teleconference 

This memorandum serves as a reminder of the upcoming 

pre-MACT teleconference on Wednesday, May 24, 1995, at 

1:00-4:00 pm EDT. The meeting will be held at the EPA/Mutual 

Building in Durham, NC, in Room 638. For team members who 

cannot attend in person, the call-in phone number is 

(919) 541-1996. 

Enclosed with this memo is a brief agenda for the meeting. 

Five vendors of equipment technologies for controlling styrene 

emissions will be available to discuss these control approaches 

and answer questions. Also enclosed is technical "fact sheet" 

material from four of the vendors. 

If anyone besides the vendors would like to reserve a spot 

on the agenda to make a presentation, express a view, etc., 

please notify Greg LaFlam at PES at (919) 941-0333. 

Enclosure 
P.3 

Page 2 

May 16, 1995 

ADDRESSEES: 

Mohan Balagopalan, SCAQMD 

Bob Burmark, Washington DOE 

Jane Caldwell, OAQPS/AQSSD (MD-15) 

Leonardo Ceron, Region IV 

Lisa Conner, OAQPS/AQSSD (MD-15) 

Laurel Driver, OAQPS/AQSSD (MD-15) 

Ellen Ducey, OAQPS/ESD (MD-13) 

Patricia Embrey, OGC (2344) 

Bob Fegley, ORD (8105) 

Chuck French, OAQPS/AQSSD (MD-15) 

Robert Goulish, Ohio EPA 

Linda Herring, EPA/ESD (MD-13) 

Bruce Jordan, OAQPS/ESD (MD-13) 

Norm Kaplan, EPA/ORD (MD-61) 

Karen Levy, OPAR (6103) 

Maria Malave, OECA (2223A) 

Haile Mariam, OSW (5302W) 

Craig Matthiessen, OSWER (5101) 

Steve McNally, Composite Fabricators Assoc, 

Arnold Medbery, OSDBU (1230-C) 

Richard Nielson, Clark County, NV 

Carlos Nunez, ORD (MD-61) 

Ben Pamar, Sierra Club 

Solomon Ricks, OAQPS/EMAD (MD-19) 

Ron Ryan, OAQPS/EMAD (MD-14) 

John Schweitzer, Composites Institute 

Jordan Spooner, OPPT/PPD (7409) 

Jeri Weiss, Region I 

Vendors 

Paul Blystone, Purus, Inc. 

Magnus Danielsson, Weatherly Inc. 

Anders Munters, AMT, Inc. 

Steve Rach, Grace Tech Systems 

Ronald Sundberg, SETCO Inc. 
P.4 

PLASTIC COMPOSITES PRE-MEETING #2 

ADD-ON CONTROL TECHNOLOGY VENDORS 

EPA Mutual Bldg., Durham, NC, Rm. 638 

May 24, 1995 1:00 pm EDT 

Call-in # (919) 541-1996 

* AGENDA * 

1. Introductions & General Discussion 1:00 

2. Vendor Presentations 1:30 

A. Mr. Magnus Danielsson 

Weatherly Inc. 

(Polyad - fluidized bed polymeric adsorption) 

B. Mr. Paul Blystone 

Purus, Inc. 

(PADRE - specialized resin adsorption/recovery) 

C. Mr. Ron Sundberg 

SETCO Inc. 

(carbon adsorption/oxidation/recovery) 

D. Mr. Steve Rach 

Grace Tech Systems 

(oxidation) 

E. Mr. Anders Munters 

AMT, Inc. 

(biological air filters) 

3. Additional Presentations as Requested 2:30 

4. General Discussion 3:00 

Next Steps 
P.5 

••••••• 

••l,lli 

DATE: 

TO: 

ATTN: 

FROM: 

Weatherly 

FACSIMILE "TRANSMISSION 

April 26,1995 

Pacific Environmental Services, Inc. 

Mr. Greg LaFlam 

Magnus Danielsson 

FAX NO.: (919) 941-0234 

NO. OF PAGES INCLUDING COVER 

IG 

IF THE PAGES RECEIVED ARE FAULTY PLEASE TELEPHONE IMMEDUTELY. 

SUBJECT: Telephone meeting, Styrene Control Technology. 

REFERENCE: Your fax of March 27,1995. 

Dear Mr. LaFlam: 

Infonnation on the PolvadTM VOC abatement svstem: 

1. General. 

1.1. Manufacturer 

Chematur Engineering AB/Weatherly LK. 

USA address: 

1100 Spring Street N.W. Suite 800 

Atlanta GA 30309 

(404)873-5030 

FAX: (404) 873-1303 

Europe address: 

P.O. Box 430 

S-69127Karlskoga 

Sweden 

011-46-586-86500 

FAX: 011-46-586-59450 

1.2. US Distributor: 

Same as 1.1. 

Weatherly Inc. 

BT/T'd 

Mailing Address 

1100 Spring Street N.W. 

Suite 800 

Atlanta, Georgia 30309 

USA 

Telephone 

404-873-5030 

Telex 

810751-8477 

Telefax 

404-873-1303 

A"ia3Hlb3M ZE:ST S6. 92 ddd 
P.6 

0 Weatherly 

1.3. Name of technology: 

PolyadTM 

1.4. Description of technology: 

Two types of systems: PolyadTM pre-concentration followed by oxidation and 

PolyadTM solvent recoveiy. Both systems using a fluidized bed adsorber. VOC laden 

air is pulled through a fluidized bed adsorber. The adsorber consists of 4-6 fluidized 

beds with polymeric adsorbents (i.e., Bonopore 1120, Dow XUS 43493). 

Regenerated adsorbent is continuously fed to the top bed. The VOC laden air puses 

counter-currently through the adsorber. The polymeric adsorbent adsorbs the VOCs 

(styrene). Polymeric adsorbent (loaded with VOCs) is transferred from the bottom of 

the adsorber to the desorption unit. Air, free of VOCs, passes through the adsorber 

fan and is released to the atmosphere via the stack. 

The loaded polymeric adsorbent is continuously regenerated (desorbed) in either a 

fluidized bed desorber (pre-concentration system) or a moving bed desorber (solvent 

recovery system). Desorption occurs at elevated temperature (300°F). In tiie preconcentration system fresh air is heated by the oxidizer flue gases before the 

desorption air enters the fuidized bed desorber, while steam is used as a heating media 

in the moving bed desorber. The small air stream leaving the fluidized bed desorber, 

containing high concentrations of VOCs (styrene) enters a catalytic oxidized, where 

the VOCs are converted (oxidized) to carbon dioxide and water. The VOCs are used 

as the major fuel source for the oxidation (minimizing the total energy consumption). 

The moving bed desorber is integrated with a condensor system to be able to 

condense and recover the VOCs. 

For more detailed description ofthe technology, see enclosed process description for 

the PolyadTM pre-concentration and .solvent recoveiy systems. 

1.5. Industrial applications: 

See enclosed data sheet. Please note that relative humidity has no impact on the 

adsorption capacity, as polymeric adsorbent are hydrophobic. We have systems that 

have been in operation on saturated air streams as well as on very dry air streams. 

Costs 

2.1. Capital Costs: 

See enclosed diagrams for PolyadTM pre-concentration and solvent recoveiy. 

^\/Z'd . A"M3Hlb3M Z£:ST S6, 92 UdU 
P.7 

0 Weatherly 

2.2. Operation costs: 

The main operating cost is electricity for the main air fan. The total operating costs for 

the PolyadTM systems are typical less than $3 per cfin a year (assuming 8760 hours per 

year operation). Example, 20,000 acfin system will have an annual operating cost of 

less than $60,000 per year. 

Please do not hesitate to contact us if you any questions or additional information. 

Very truly yours, 

WEATHERLY INC. 

Magnus XT Danielsson 

Manager of Environmental Systems 

MAD/pga 

0T/£"d AiaSHltOI 3E:ST £6. 92 ddb 
_PJ_ 

Enclosure 1. -Description of technology 

PolvadTM Pre-Concentration Unit 

In cases where solvent recovery is not necessary, pre-concentration followed by oxidation is the 

preferred route. Pre-concentration increases the solvent concentration in the exhaust air stream so 

that it can be oxidized using the solvent as the primary fuel fbr the oxidation. In many cases, the 

hydrocarbon content in an air stream is so low that to reach the high temperatures needed for proper 

oxidation, large quantities of external energy must be added. With a pre-concentrator, the need for 

extemal energy can be significantly reduced and in some cases nearly eliminated. At the same time, 

the air volume to be treated in the indnerator will be greatly reduced which requires a significantly 

smaller oxidation unit. 

The pre-concentration unit is a continuous process. The adsorbent migrates between the adsorption 

section, where the incoming air is purified, and the desorption section, where the polymeric adsorbent 

is regenerated. The pre-concentration process has a fluidbed adsorber and desorber. 

The adsorption section consists of two or more beds of adsorbent. The number of beds depends on 

the type and concentration of solvent, and on the degree of VOC-reduction required. The solvent is 

adsorbed by the polymer particles as the air passes through the fluidized beds. The adsorbent, now 

saturated with solvent, is removed from the bottom. Simultaneously, regenerated .adsorbent is fed in 

at the top ofthe adsorber. 

The fluidbed desorber regenerates the polymer by blowing hot air through the adsorbent, which 

releases the solvent. The regenerated adsorbent is pneumatically fed back to the adsorber. The hot 

solvent/air mixture leaving the desorber is fed to the oxidizer. 

Oxidizer 

The PolyadTM pre-concentration system uses a thermal or catalytic oxidizer for the thermal 

destmction of the VOCs. Catalytic oxidizers are used for most cases. Thermal oxidizers are 

normally used only when the air stream contains substances that are poisonous or they can damage 

the catalyst. The type and brand of oxidizers are selected on a case by case basis depending on type 

of service and/or the customers preference. 

PolvadTM Solvent Recovery Unit 

The solvent recoveiy unit is a continuous process. The adsorbent migrates between the adsorption 

section, where the incoming air is purified, and the desorption section, where the polymer .adsorbent 

is regenerated. The process has a fluid bed adsorber and a moving bed desorber. 

The adsorption section consists of four beds of adsorbent. The solvent is adsorbed by the polymer 

particles as the air passes through the fluidized beds. The adsorbent, now saturated with solvent, is 

removed from the bottom. Simultaneously, regenerated adsorbent is fed in at the top ofthe adsorber. 

W*'<* Aia3Hltl3M 8E:ST S6. 92 add 
P.9 

The adsorbent is transported from the adsorption bed to the top ofthe desorber for regeneration. As 

the adsorbent descends through the desorber, it is heated by a closed loop heat exchanger to release 

the solvent from the polymer. The heating media is steam and by using a closed loop system, 

condensed steam does not come in contact with the solvent. The recovered solvent is removed from 

the desorber and condensed. Usually cooling water is sufficient to provide satisfactory condensation 

ofthe recovered solvent. In this case is the condensation loop equipped with a secondary condenser 

and a refrigeration unit. The condensed solvent is collected in a tank and any non-condensed solvent, 

is fed back into the top section of the desorber. The regenerated adsorbent is then pneumatically 

transported from the bottom ofthe desorber into the top ofthe adsorber, thus completing the cycle. 

Enclosure 2. - Industrial applications 

Enclosure 3. - Capital Costs 

0VS"d Ald3Hld3l1 6E:ST S6. 92 ddb 
EPAREF.XLS 

POLYAD INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS D 

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70 

Installation 

Samhall Bohus Gruppen 

Gothenburg 

Sweden 

IFO Sanitar AB 

Bromolla 

Sweden 

Volvo 

Car Corp. Transmission 

Koping 

Sweden 

Beton-und Kunststoffind. 

Schlinsog GmbH & Co. KG 

Germany 

Hoesch, Metall + Kunststoffwerke GmbH & Co. 

Duren 

Germany 

Type of system 

Solvent Recovery 

Solvent Recovery 

Solvent Recovery 

Solvent Recovery 

Solvent Recovery 

Start-up 

1988 

1989 

1989 

1990 

1992 

Air flow 

-(acfm) 

3,000 

12,500 

7,000 

14,700 

35,300 

Pollutant 

Butyl acetate 

Ethanol 

Ethyl acetate 

Ethyl glycol acetate 

Styrene 

n-Propanol 

Xylene 

Styrene 

Styrene 

Inlet conc. 

(ppmv or mg/mA3)-

2,700 mg/mA3 (total) 

400 mg/mA3 (total) 

120 mg/mA3 

480 mg/mA3 

200-400 mg/mA3 

Efficiency 

—(%) -

90 

90 

90 

98 

>90 

G> 

Pagel 
EPAREF.XLS 

Installation 

Norfrig A/S 

Hvam/Kjelierup 

Denmark 

Isola Werke AG 

Duren 

Germany 

IFO Sanitar AB 

Bromolla 

Sweden 

LSI Logic 

Milpitas, California 

USA 

Motorola 

Irvine, California 

USA 

Type of system 

Solvent Recoveiy 

Solvent Recovery 

Pre-Concentration 

Pre-Concentration 

Pre-Concentration 

Start-up 

1992 

1993 

1993* 

1995 

1995 

Air flow 

(acfm) 

32,400 

7,000 

12,.500 

15,000 

35,000 

Pollutant 

Styrene 

Styrene 

Styrene 

Mixture 

Xylene 

IPA 

Mixture 

PGMEA 

IPA 

Inlet conc. 

(ppmv or mg/mA3) 

400 mg/m^ (total) 

approx. 100 ppmv 

300-600 ppmv (d ) 

Efficiency 

(%) 

>90 

>90 

97 

98 (design] 

98 (design) 

— , , 

(9 

Page 2 
EPAREF.XLS 

Installation 

Cyprus Rod 

Chicago 

USA 

Type of system 

Solvent Recoveiy 

Start-up 

1995 

Air flow 

(acfm) 

3,000 

Pollutant 

Acetone 

IPA 

Inlet conc. 

(ppmv or mg/mA3) 

6,000 mg/mA3 (total) 

Efficiency 

(%) 

95 (design) 

*) IFO Sanitar was modified to pre-concentration system in 1993. 

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P.15 

Plastic Composites Fabrication - Styrene Control Technology 

FACT SHEET 

Manufacturer Purus, Inc. 

2713 N. First St. Phone: (408)955-1000 

San Jose, CA 95134 Fax: (408)955-1010 

Name of Technology PADRE® Adsorption Systems 

Description of Technology 

PADRE is an on-site self regenerable adsorbent system that removes and recovers solvents from air streams. 

PADRE is configured with adsorption beds and a desorption module. The adsorption process is 

straightforward. From a family of newly developed adsorbents, Purus selects the best one for the site 

conditions. The air stream to be treated is passed through the adsorption beds. The exact number of beds is 

site dependent The solvents are adsorbed, allowing clean, treated air to be discharged to the atmosphere. 

The regeneration process cleans the beds by removing the compounds with heat and vacuum. The solvents 

are then condensed as a concentrated liquid and pumped to a storage tank for reuse or proper disposal. The 

desorption module contains many of the components necessary for the desorption process, such as a liquid 

ring vacuum pump, chillers and condensers. The process is automatic, continuous and computer controlled. 

Industrial Applications 

Current full scale PADRE installations include remediation sites (groundwater and soil clean-up operations), 

industrial wastewater sites (air stripper off gas controls), and industrial air vent applications (paint booth 

emission controls, odor control, etc.). Because the current PADRE design is air flow limited (<10,000 

cfm), it has not been applied to large industrial air flows (>10,000 cfm). 

There have been two pilot tests where styrene was controlled. The first involved treating a split air stream 

from molding and mixing operations. The styrene concentration in the air stream averaged between 50 and 

100 ppmv. The test result indicated an average control efficiency of 99.8%. While extensive testing was 

not conducted on the recovered liquid styrene, it was generally felt that the material could be recycled. Post 

treatment to remove residual moisture and/or addition ofa stabilizer may be required. 

The second pilot test at a styrene production plant involved treating industrial waste water that contained 

high amounts of styrene. Combined with an air stripper the system treated the styrene at >95% efficiency, 

and the recovered styrene was recycled. 

Projected Costs 

Since Purus has no full scale systems treating styrene, no cost numbers can be given. However, the capital 

cost for high air flow adsorption systems typically runs between $25 to $35 per cfm treated. The operating 

costs depends heavily on the equipment's ability to provide reusable styrene (currently priced at $0.40 per 

pound). For instance, if 20 tons of styrene were recovered per year, then $16,000 would apply as an offset 

to the annual operating cost. 

Remarks 

The use of adsorption systems toward abatement of styrene containing air streams will depend on two 

primary issues; one, whether the system can recover styrene that can be reused to help defray operating 

costs, and two, the susceptibility of the adsorbent material to be poisoned through the polymerization of 

styrene. The Purus PADRE units have demonstrated the ability to recover high quality solvents in other 

industries. Purus also utilizes the latest and most advanced synthetic adsorbents, which offer high removal 

efficiencies, high adsorption capacities and low reactivity. However, full scale data has yet to be collected. 
P.16 

Purus AIOWtisWA 

The Cost-Effective VOC Removal Teclinolo^ 

gj!:| 

Older textbooks may have left you wich. che 

sense chac activated carbon adsorption or high 

cemperacure thermal oxidation are the best ways co 

remove VOCs ftom air screams. We'd like co show 

you, point by point, how che Purus A2000 can outperform and be more economical than eicher of chese 

convencional technologies. 

First, Here's a Quick Overview of the 

Purus A2000: 

It's an on-site regenerable adsorbent system that removes and recovers VOCs from air streams. The 

VOCs are first trapped onto specialized resins, then 

desorbed using heat and vacuum, condensed into a 

liquid, and transferred to a storage tank for recycling 

— all in a continuous, computer controlled operation. From its family of newly developed adsorbents, 

Purus selects the best one for your site conditions. A 

modem allows for off-site monitoring and control, 

ensuring high uptime performance and rapid service 

response. \ 

VOC 

RECOVERY TAMK 

CtEAHAIflOUT 

In a continuous process, VOCs are crapped on Purus (I) adsorbents, desorbed 

(2) and condensed (3) as liquids for easier recycling or removal. 

Fhe Purus A2000 Handles Tough 

VOC Recovery Jobs 

— .f ven Chlorinated 

Solvents and Ketones. I 

The Purus A2000 can treat a 

variety of VOCs, even difficult compounds such asJcecones, alcohols, styrene and 

chlorinated solvents, in a 

variety of applications. 

• The Purus A2000 can 

treat VOCs in industrial 

process waters using a 

closed-loop, emission-free, 

air stripping process. 

• It can recover VOCs from industrial air 

sources such as storage tank vapors, or surface coating and paint stripping operations. 

• At remediation sites the Purus A2000 can treat air 

streams from soil vapor extraction wells or groundwater air strippers. 

160i 

.— 120 

CASE 1 SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION 

VOC REMOVAL 

CONTAMINANTS: PCE, TCE, 

MINERAL SPIRITS 

Purus removed VOCs in a soil vapor extraction project for much less than 

thermal oxidation or carbon adsorption systems. 
P.17 

How Does The Purus A2000 Compare 

To Carbon? 

• First and foremost, che Purus A2000 may save you 

money, particularly when creating VOC volumes chac 

exceed 1/2 pound per hour. 

• Carbon loses efficiency in high humidity conditions; Purus adsorbents do not. 

• Carbon needs periodic replenishment; Purus 

adsorbents are regenerated hundreds of times on-site. 

• Carbon does not perform 

well with all contaminants; 

Purus chooses the best adsorbent for che job. 

• Carbon can react with ketones 

and aldehydes, presenting a fire 

risk; Purus adsorbents are non-reactive. 

How Does The Purus A2000 Compare 

To Thermal Oxidation? 

• Again, the Purus system may save you money, particularly when treating low VOC concentrations. 

• The Purus A2000 gives you a recycling option. 

• Halogenated VOCs generate acids when burned, 

1601 

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CASE 2 GROUND WATER TREATMENT 

VOC REMOVAL 

CONTAMINANT: TCE 

vm ••*' ffr $&>' 

Illl Illl Illl Illl Illl I 

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On VO C removal job activated carbon 

adsorption resulted in 20 barrels of spent carbon. 

Pdrus removed die same volume of VOCs as 

recovered solvent in one barret 

requiring air scrubbing; not so with the Purus A2000. 

• It may be difficult to permit a thermal oxidizer in 

certain regions; not so with Purus. 

• Thermal systems are not well suited for batch processing; The Purus A2000 works well in batch operations. 

Cost Savings — The Real Story. 

For many applications, the Purus A2000 will save 

you money. The bar charts show relative cost savings 

in two applications. 

There's More To The Story. 

We have case histories and operating data to further 

explain why the Purus A2000 may be the most costeffective, high-performance system available for your 

applications. Purus has systems nationwide treating 

a variety of VOC streams; process water from chemical plants, soil venting and groundwater at 

remediation sites, and solvent recovery from industrial operations. Contact us and we'll tell you more. 

Purus Inc., 2713 North First Street, San Jose, CA 

95134-2000, Tel. (408) 955-1000, Fax (408) 955-

1010. 

PURUS OSPOSASU ouumc THERMAL REGENERABLE UV 

CARBON 0UDA1KM OnOATKM CARSON 0IOATKW 

In groundwater treatment, Purus produced dramatic cost advantages over 

other VOC removal systems. urus 
P.18 

Purus. Inc. tvas founded in 19S9 to develop and market 

environmental systems for tlie separation and recovery 

cf chemicals from water, soil, ani air. Today, Purus' 

technical advancs have been translated into products 

vhich provide superior treatment systems. 

purus 

PADRE® A3000 Specification Sheet 

- preliminary -

The Purus PADRE® system is designed for on-site capture and 

recovery of volatile organic compound (VOC) emisstons from 

industrial air vents, industrial water tfeatment processes, and 

site remediation operations. The process captures the VOC on 

an adsorbent filter bed, typically made up of synthetic polymer 

adsorbents. The beds are automatically regenerated on-site 

using a pressure-temperature swing process, which removes the 

VOCs from the beds and recovers them as a liquid. The beds 

are switched back and forth between adsorption and desorption 

cycles by an on-board computer. Recovered compounds may 

be recycled or safely disposed of by solvent recyclers. With 

over 3 years experience at more than SO locations, PADRE® 

units can treat most compounds including ketones, 

hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents. 

PADRE® Process Flow Diagram 

PADRE ® A-300 0 Dimensiona l Drawing 

r

» ELECTRiCAL CONTROLS 

CHILLERS 

CONDENSERS 

OIL COOLER 

i n .80 (JWfcOCM) 

PI C M •.-JOJL I 

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P.19 

Physical Dimensions 

A. Desorotion Module fSkid Mounted! 

72"Lx72-Wx96"H (1819cmLx 1819cmWx243.8cmH) 

Perimeter clear space of 48" on electrical cabinet side. 36" on all other sides 

Weight: 3500 pounds (1589 kilograms) 

Air exhaust, one side and top (see sketch for direction and flow requirements) 

Desotption module can desotfo up to three adsotbent bed modules at a time. 

B. Adsorbent Bed Module (Fork Lift Slots Provided! 

60Xx2S"Wx72"H (1514cm Lx&ScmWx 1819cm H) 

Perimeter clear space of 36" mioitmim on front and bade (dependent on site plumbing) 

Flow capadty: SOO scfm air stream per module 

Adsorbent capadty: 6 cu. ft. (nominal) 

Wdght with Adsoitent: 2500 pounds (1135 kilograms) 

Operational Parameters 

A. Electrical Hook-up Requirements 

480VAC -»/- 10%, 3 phase- ground (4 wire), delta or wye. no grounded delta, no open ddia 

75 amp service for service module plus one basic adsotbent module (SOO scfm. 6 cu.ft. adsotbent) 

Add 25 amps per bed moduk up to a max. of 125 amps for 3 simultaneously regenerated beds. 

Electrical enclosures are NEMA 4. 

B. Ambient Operating Conditions 

Temperature range: 0aC-40*C (32*F>104*F) 

Building enclosure can be provided for colder or hotter climates. 

Relative humidity range: 0-100% 

No rain or snow accumulation allowed. Use covered area or optional rain covers. 

C. Row Conditions 

Adsotbent bed modules may be plumbed in series or parallel to allow desired flow configuration. 

Pressure drop rating: < 28* water (basic adsotbent bed module at SOO scfm). 

D. Air Requirements 

Most applications require a S scfm nitrogen gas stream to assist the bed desorption process. 

Three supply options: 

Nitrogen Specifications: 

Compressed Air: 

1) Liquid nitrogen dewar supplied by local vendors. 

2) Optional nitrogen generator available from Purus. 

3) Industrial house nitrogen (must meet purity specifications) 

5 scfm diy (waler reduced io 0° F dew point) 

98% purity level, oil-free, paniculate free down to 0.1 n 

100 psi minimum required for valve operation (usage negligible) 

Optional air compressor available from Purus. 

Optional Equipment 

Air Compressor 

Nitrogen Gas Generator 

Stainless Steel Vacuum Pump 

Rain Covers 

All Weather Housing 

Control Cabinet Cooler 

10 Slot Controller 

Site Plumbing, Manifolding 

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20 

15 

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PADRE A-3000 Pressure Drop Curve 

(inches of water per bed module) 

£ 30-3 

: 

= 

; 

. 

I T I I 11 ii n 11 11 I I u 11 1111 11 n i n i i i n u 11 

0 50 100150 200250300 350400 450500 

Flow Rate (scfm) 

Note: Pressure diop will be the same lot high (low systems as tong as neos 

aio oiumnea io parallel. (Example: 2500 c(m air stream ticaica wiin 5 oeflf 

v.-.n n:sv« s pinssmo orop ol aiipiOHmaicly 28 inches waiot ! 
P.20 

Purus A2000 Applications * '' 

Applications 

• Soil Vapor Extraction • Groundwater 

Treatment • Industrial Wastewater 

Treatment • Chemical Storage Tank 

Emission Control • Industrial Odor 

Control • Plant and Facility Decommissioning • Paint Booth and Stripping Emission Control • Metal Parts 

Cleaning 

Products Recovered 

• Benzene • Styrene • Chlorinated 

Solvents • Aromatics • Methylene 

Chloride • Acrylates • Ketones • MEK 

• Mineral Spirits • TCE * Gasoline 

Purus A2000 Specifications ;•;•"' 

Medium: 

Applications: 

Contaminants: 

V OC Reduction: 

Recovery: 

Safety: 

Control System: 

Optional Equipment: 

Capacity: 

Footprint: 

Weight: 

Power: 

Note: 

Adsorbents tailored to sice requirements. 

Air flow from soil vacuum extraction, air stripping, 

and industrial air and water processes. 

Fuel hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, ketones, 

other VOCs. 

Typically greater than 98% . 

Contaminant is rcrcovercd as liquid and transferred co 

a storage tank. Some water will be present depending on relative humidity and adsorbent selection. 

System has safety controls and interlocks for safe 

operation. All components meet highest appropriate 

codes. For outdoor operation, controls built into 

NEMA 4 enclosure. Oxygen-free regeneration cycle. 

Continuous monitoring of temperature and pressure. 

PLC and remote monitoring by modem. 

Fully integrated systems including vacuum pump, 

air stripper, water knock-out tank, and recovery 

storage tank are available upon request. 

Up to 10,000 cfm. 

5'W x 16'L x6'H (Basic 1000 cfm units). 

10,000 pounds. 

460V±lO% 3-phasc, 75 amp (max). 

Exact system specifications subject to site requirements. 

purus 2713 North Firs. Strcci. San Jost, CA 951 >1 -2000 Phone: (-108) 955-1000 FAX: (-108)955-1010 

a 
P.21 

Fact Sheet May 11, 1995 

Plastic Composities Fabrication - Styrene Control Technology 

Manufacturer 

MIAB 

Molnbacka Industri AB 

Deje Bruk 669 92 DEJE 

SWEDEN 

Tel. 0552-10610 Fax 0552-41 

Technology Description 

MIAB F-D 

MIAB F-R 

.452 

Page 1 

US Representative 

Ronald E. Sundberg, SETCO Inc. 

3426 Harriet Ave. S 

Minneapolis, MN 55408 

Tel. (612) 824-1093 

Fax. (612) 824-1898 

Fixed bed Activated Carbon Adsorber used to concentrate solvent 

in warm air strip gas. Solvent in strip gas is incinerated in 

catalytic incinerator. Intermittent duty, parallel units used 

for continuous operation Catalytic Incinerator is operated 

at "autotherm", no fuel needed to destroy VOC 

Fixed bed Activated Carbon Adsorber used to concentrate 

solvent in warm air strip gas. Solvent concentrated in 

strip gas is condensed for recovery. Intermittent 1 

Installation Company and City 

MIAB Unit 

Date Installed 

Operational Parameters 

Flow Rate CFM 

Daily Operation 

Relative Humidity 

Styrene Cons. in 

out 

Control Efficiency 

Guaranteed 

Measured 

Costs 

Capital Cost 

Main fan 

Strip air fan 

Start up Heater 

Units 

CFM 

hrs 

% 

ppmv 

ppmv 

% 

% 

USD 

kW 

kW 

kW 

1 

Borealis 

Industrier AB. 

MIAB F-D 

1992 

Incineration 

23,000 

Continuous 

Total Electrical kWh/8 hrs 

Annual Costs 

Capital 

Electrical @ 6$/kWh 

Total 

Cost/Ton 

Styrene Reduced 

Carbon life 

$/yr. 

$/yr. 

$/yr. 

$/ton 

years 

50% - 90% 

26 

1 

90% 

96% 

$248,000 

38 

1 

40 

480 

$40,374 

$31,536 

$71,910 

$1,769 

2 

2 

Ursvik AB 

Kinna 

MIAB F-R 

1991 

Recovery 

18,000 

£ 

50% - 90% 

30 

2 

90% 

93% 

$193,000 

24 

1 

40 

320 

$31,420 

$7,884 

$39,304 

$2,942 

Duty 

Original carbon 

^ 
P.22 

'95-05-15 16=36 612/824-1698 PfiRRflflflflA P.2 

Fact Sheet May 15, 1995 

Plastic Composities Fabrication 

Manufacturer 

MIAB 

Molnbacka Industri AB 

Deje Bruk 669 92_DEJE 

SWEDEN 

Tel. 0552-10610 Fax 0552-41452 

Technology Description 

Styrene Control Technology 

MIAB-C 

Pafl«2 

US Representative 

Ronald E. Sundberg, SETCO Inc, 

3426 Harriet Ave. S 

Minneapolis, MN 55408 

Tel. (612) 824-1093 

Fax. (612) 824 1898 

Fluidized Bed Activated Carbon Adsorber/desorber 

Solvent is concentrated in warm air strip gas and 

incinerated in catalytic incinerator. 

Heat is recovered from incinerator for strip gas 

Continuous Dut Dut> y 

Catalytic Incinerator is operated at "autotherm 

no fuel needed to destroy VOC 

Installation Company and City 

MIAB Unit 

Date Installed 

Operational Paraneters 

Flow Rate CFM 

Daily Operation 

Relative Humidity 

Styrene Cons. in 

out 

_Control Efficiency 

guaranteed 

Measured 

Costs 

Capital Cost 

Main fan 

Strip air fan 

Start up Heater 

Units 

CFM 

hrs 

% 

ppmv 

ppmv 

% 

% 

USD 

kW 

kW 

kW 

OMC, Ryd 

Test Unit 

MIAB-C 

1994 3 month test 

Poland 

Quoted 

MIAB-C 0 

Proposed 

Demonstration Incineration 

Total Electrical kWh/year 

Annual Costs 

Capital _ 

Electrical Q 6C/kWh 

Total 

Cost/Ton 

Solvent Reduced 

1000 

10 

50% - 90% 

70 ppmv 

1.4 ppmv 

90% 

98% 

$20,000 

10 

$3,256 

12,000 

Continuous 

VOC contro1 Efficienc^ 

has not changed 

during 3 month test 

Styrene 10 kg/hr 

>95% 

$303,000 

166,440 

$49,328 

.19,986 

$59,315 

$646 $/ton 
P.23 

'95-05-15 14:19 61Z/624-169B RfiflffiflfiRff. 

Illl 

Datum/Date 

P.2 

Molnbacka Industri AB 

Molnbacka Industri AB, MIAB, has developed a technology to remove solvents from 

air using activated carbon as thc adsorbent. 

The MIAB approach results in compact units with high cleaning cfTicincy and low 

energy consumption. 

Using the MIAB technology, solvents emitted from industrial processes can either be 

incinerated or recovered aod reused. 

Incineration of solvent: 

MIAB D Catalytic incineration 

Continuous 

MIAB F-D 

-MIAB FS-D 

MIAB C-D 

Concentration - Incineration 

Intermittent Duty 

Concentration - Incineration 

Intermittent Duty 

Concentration - Incineration 

Continuous Duty 

Recovery of solvent: 

-MIAB R Recovery 

Intermittent Duty 

MIAB C - R Recovery 

Continuous Duty 

MOLNBACKA INDUSTRI AB 

Box 401 

669 27 DEJE 

SWEDEN 

Telefon 0SS2-10610 Telefax 0552.114 52 

Telephone Int +46562-10610 Telefax Int +46 552-114 52 
P.24 

'35-"05-15 14:19 612/824-1B98 

•v 11 

RflRRRRflflfl TTT 

w MIAB F - Solvent Filter 

The Solvent FUter is desorbed using hot air as the desorption or stripping gas. 

The filter is designed so that the solvent concentration in the stripping gas is 

maintained constant during the desorption period. 

With a traditional activted carbon bed design, a solvent concentration peak would 

normally occur in the stripping gas. The unique configuration of the MIAB F -

Solvent Filter avoids this concentration peak and provides a uniform concentration of 

solvent to be burned. This is very important for safe, economical incineration ofthe 

solvent. 

Concentration. g/rn 

Concentration in the gas leaving 

a bed of normal design 

Concentration in the gas leaving 

the MIAB filter 

Desorption time 

Solvent concentration in the strippinggas leaving the adsorption bed 

during desorption 
P.25 

'95-05-15 14=20 612/824-1696 RflflflRRRRR P.4 

W 

MIAB F-D 

SOLVENT VAPOR CONCENTRATION - INCINERATION 

MIAB F-D is an mtermittent duty adsorption process that uses activated carbon as 

the adsorbent Solvent vapor is removed from the air stream in a filter and 

concentrated in a much smaller air stream for incineration. 

The carbon in the filter is regenerated by hot gas generated in the catalytic 

incinerator, where the concentrated solvent vapor is burned. 

FUter capacity 20 OOO - 100 000 m3/h 

Incinerator 

MIAB F-D 80 000m3/h Length = 15 m Width = 5 m 

Adsorption Filter Incinerator 

•03 ' 

I—®— Heat Exchanger 

Startup Heater 

Catalytic Burner 

Principle Diagram MIAB F-D 
ff 

t 

'95-05-15 

Mim RIIHD 

P.26 

14:20 612/B24-1B98 flflflflflflflflfl P.5 

MIAB C-D 

SOLVENT VAPOR CONCENTRATION - INCINERATION 

MIAB C-D is a continuous duty fluidized bed process that uses activated carbon 

as the adsorbent. Solvent vapor is cleaned from the air stream and concentrated in 

a much smaUer air stream for incineration. 

The fluidized activated carbon migrates between the adsorption sections, where the 

incoming air is purified, and the desorption sections, where the carbon is regenerated. 

The carbon continuously passes the desorption bed and is returned to the adsorbtion 

sections. 

The carbon is regenerated by hot gas generated in the catalytic incinerator, where 

the concentrated solvent vapor is burned. 

Filter capacity 5 000 - 50 000 m3/h 

0 

•"""'-I 

I 

_A 

~ r 

J 

—*-« 

Adsorption Filter 

Desorption Unit 

CD C3 

a CD 

CD CD 

CD CD 

1 1 

^L Incinerator 

- ^ 

j 

rU 3 

MIAB C-D 30 000 m3/h Length•- 13 m Width - 3 m 

Adsorption Filter 

Desorption Unit 

Incinerator 

Catalytic Burner 

Startup Heater 

Heat Exchanger 

Principle Diagram MIAB C-D 
— '95-05-15 14:24 612/824-1898 RRflRflfifififi 

P.27 

P.2 

MIAB R 

SOLVENT RECOVERY 

MIAB R is an intermittent duty adsorption process that uses activated carbon as the 

adsorbent 

Solvent vapor is removed from the air stream and concentrated in an adsorption filter 

The carbon is regenerated with steam. The solvent vapor aod the steam are 

condensed in a water cooled condenser. 

Adsorption Filter 

Principle Diagram MIAB R 

Condensor 

MIAB C-R 

SOLVENT RECOVERY 

MIAB C - D is a continuous duty fluidized bed adsorption process that uses activated 

carbon as the adsorbent 

The fluidized activated carbon migrates between the adsorption sections, where the 

incoming air is purified, and the desorption column where the solvent is removed 

with steam. The steam and solvent vapor is condensed in a water cooled condenser. 

The carbon continuously passes the desorption column and is returned to the 

adsorption sections. 

Adsorption Filter Desorp.-

Column 

< = ^ 

S cw 

Condensor 

Principle Diagram .MIAB C- R 
P.28 
P.29 

MflY-23-1995 07:54 GRACE EMISSION CONTROL PR 414 339 2784 P.02 

FACT SHEET 

Information on Grace TEC Systems VOC abatement technologies: 

Manufacturer: 

Grace TEC Systems 

Industnal Emission Control Products 

W.R. Grace & Co. - Conn. 

830 Prosper Road. P.O. Box 30 

DePere.W! 54115-0030 

(414)336-5715 

FAX (414) 337-1585 

Name of Technology: 

Enterprise Thermal Regenerative Oxidizer 

Description of Technology: 

The Enterprise Is a thermal oxidizer for VOC and odor control. It combines high 

temperature thermal oxidation with regenerative heat exchange to efficiently convert 

VOC's and other odor causing organic compounds to carbon dioxide and water, It 

comes standard with a 95% heat exchanger efficiency and a 98% VOC destruction 

efficiency. The unit consists of an exhaust fan with AC drive, Iniet manifold, two 

ceramic filled energy recovery columns, a combustion chamber, a nozzle mix burner 

with gas train, an outlet manifold, and PLC control system.. 

Air from the process Is fed into the first bed of ceramic media through the inlet manifold 

by the exhaust fan, and is preheated to nearly the combustion chamber temperature. 

Bumers in the combustion-chamber raise the temperature of the air to the operating 

setpoint and the oxidation process is completed. Retention time in the combustion 

chamber is a minimum of one second. Hot purified air then enters the second column 

and passes down through the ceramic media and is cooled. The purified air then passes 

through the outlet valve and manifold, at a temperature only slightly higher than that of 

the inlet stream. 

Industrial Applications 

Grace TEC Systems is the leader in oxidation technology, with over 1,600 

oxidation systems installed throughout the world. Grace TEC Systems offers catalytic, 

thermal recuperative and thermal regenerative oxidizers. Applications include the 

Graphic Arts, Flexographic/Rotogravure printing industries, as weil as many specialized 

applications in the packaging, coating, healthcare, and textile industries. Our oxidizers 

have been on the market in industrial use since 1970. 

Three typical applications for the Enterprise ara listed below, including sell price and 

operating costs. The first is a unit recently proposed to a plastic pipe manufacturer, and 

the other two units have been sold to a graphic arts printer, and a food packaging 

company, respectively. 
P.30 
P.31 

MflY-23-1995 07=54 GRPCE EMISSION CONTROL PR 414 339 2784 P.03 

Enterprise 10000 (Proposed) 

Application: 

Exhaust Flow. 

Exhaust Temperature: 

Solvent (VOC): 

VOC emissions: 

Destruction efficiency: 98% 

Capital Cost: 3282,950.00 

Operating costs: 

Pipe manufacturing molds 

10430 scfm 

140 deg.F 

Styrene 

28LB/hr 

Natural gas usage @ $.45/therm: 

Electricity® $.06/kWh 

Annual operating cost/cfm 

Enterprise 20000 

Application: 

Exhaust Flow: 

Exhaust Temperature: 

Solvent (VOC): 

VOC emissions: 

Destruction effidency: 98% 

Capital Cost: $397,370.00 

Operating costs: 

Natural gas usage @ $.45/therm: 

Electricity @ $.06/kWh 

Annual operating cost/cfm 

Enterprise 50000 

Application: 

Exhaust Fiow: 

Exhaust Temperature: 

Solvent (VOC): 

VOC emissions: 

$3.20/hr 

$2.91/hr 

S5.13 

Graphic Arts Printing Operation 

22,000 scfm 

325 deg. F 

Magiesol 

151fttor 

SO.OO/hr (self-sustaining at VOC loading) 

$8.28/hr 

$3.30 

Food packaging 

50000 scfm 

100 deg. F 

Toiuene.hexane,propanoI,IBA.MEK 

437 LB/hr 

Destruction efficiency: 98% 

Capital Cost: $742,148.00 

Operating costs: 

Natural gas usage @ S.45/therm: 

Electricity® $.08/kWh 

Annual operating cost/cfm 

SO.OO/hr (self-sustaining at solvent loading) 

S14.94/hr 

$2.62 

TDTQI P CR 
P.32 
P.33 

Ahlqvist & Munters Technologies, Inc. 

9131 CoIlegePkwy 13-B, Ft.Myers, FL33919 Tel: (813)540 0006 Fax: (813)481 3566 

CLEAN REMOVAL OF VOC'S AND ODORS: NATURES OWN WAY 

Removal of VOC's and odors in nature is done through biological action from bacteria and fungus. In 

biological air-filters, these micro-organisms work in the "ideal work environment" for removal and 

degradation of organic substances. Biological air-filters are the ideal way to clean air from odors or solvents 

that are troublesome. This technology is clean because the compounds break down to carbon dioxide and 

water. 

Ahlqvist & Munters Technologies, Inc. of Fort Myers, Florida introduces biological air-filters from BioClean AB of Sweden. Bio-Clean features a range of biofilters from their new patent pending compact 

combination carbon adsorption-biofilter, to their standard filters that are housed in regular sized 20 foot 

shipping containers. These filters are easily transported and can be stacked three high for saving space. 

The Bio-Clean filters have been developed during the last ten years by Bio-Clean AB iii cooperation with 

the University of Stockholm under the control of Swedish governmental authorities. Their filters have been 

in commercial use since 1989. 

Bio-Clean AB filter eflBciency rates of 99% removal of odors and VOC's are obtainable. BIO-CLE.AN filters 

have been successfully installed in applications such as: odor removal from industrial and municipal wastewater facilities, removal of odors from slaughter houses, food processing plants and restaurants. Effective 

VOC removal from: paint manufacturing, various painting operations including paint spray booths, 

pharmaceutical industries to styrene removal from fiberglass boat manufacturing are a few examples of BioClean filter applications. Removal efficiencies can be tailored to suit the customers needs. 

Most organic compounds are very biodegradable,. Typical compounds such as: alcohol, acetate, ketone, 

toluene, styrene and xylene are treated with a 95% or better efficiency. .Aliphatic solvents including ethanol, 

acetane, isopropyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, and methylformiate are exceptionally degradable. Aromates, 

merkaptanes and other aliphatic solvents with larger molecules than 6 C-atoms degrade at a slower rate. 

Some very stable solvents in high concentrations such as benzene can be difficult to degrade. Stable solvents 

sometimes break down easier through co-metabolism (in conjunction with other solvents). Chlorinated 

hydrocarbons are degradable with two or less chlorine atoms present. 

Biological air-filters are not harmed by fast changing concentrations or interruptions in flow for plant down 

time, maintenance, and vacation etc. 

The cost of installation and operation of Biofilters are low compared to many scrubber and incinerator 

alternatives, especially when concentration are lower than 500 mg/m3 or less than 1,500 ppm. A large BIOClean filter can operate at removal cost of $500 - $1000 per Ton VOC's removed. "Our biofilters have 

proven to be extremely reliable. We have never experienced an upset or any other real problem with our 

commercially installed filters and we have not ever liad to change the filter material in any of our filters. Our 

motto is install and forget", states Istvan Szabo, President of Bio-Clean AB. 
P.34 

J J ^WM§^ Ahlqvist & Munters Technologies, Inc. 

# H • M 9131 College Pkwy 13-B, Ft. Myens, R 33919 Tet (813) 5400006 Fax (813)481 3566 

BIO-CLEAN TYPICAL INSTALLATIONS 

Company 

Astra AB 

pharmaceutical 

production 

Fiberform AB 

GRP production 

Kabi 

Pharmacia 

pharmaceutical 

production 

CP-Lack 

vehicle spray 

painting 

Fansek 

slaughter house / 

meat processing 

Bursemds bruk 

surface 

treatment of 

steel strapping 

Burseryds bruk 

surface 

treatment of 

steel strapping 

HPFfirgAB 

paint 

manufacturing 

mppala 

fflrbundet 

municipal sewer 

pumping plant 

Year 

89 

91 

92 

92 

92/93 

92/93 

93/94 

94 

94 

Airflow 

cfm 

7,200 

10,000 

3,500 

8,200 

8,800 

1,800 

3,600 

23,500 

4,100 

Installation type/ 

size 

on site construction, 

1,900 sqft 

on site construction, 

1,600 sqft 

3 containers, 450 sqft 

Multi pass technique 

2 containers, 300 sqft 

4 containers, 600 sqft 

2 containers, 300 sqft 

4 containers, 600 sqft 

adsorption / multi pass 

technique, 4 containers, 

1 container, 150 sqft 

Emission type 

treatment of stripping from process 

water treatment plant, VOC incl. 

chlorinated sub. & odors 

Styrene 

treatment of stripping from process 

water treatment plant VOC / odor. 

VOC/odor 

odor 

aerosols, VOC / odor, waste water 

aerosols, VOC / odor, waste water 

VOC/Odor 

odor 
£.35 

RMT Ahlqrist & Munters Technologies, Inc. 

9131 College Pkwy 13-B, Ft Myers, FL33919 Tel:(813)432 1770 Fax:(813)4892645 

FIBERFORM AB 

Fiberform in Kristinehamn produces articles of various sizes in G R P with conventional and manual 

production methods, whereas styrene is emitted via the ventilation system to the outside environment. 

Bioclean AB has delivered and installed an integrated biofilter/heat exchanged system for the newly 

constructed production set-up in 1991. The filterbed was incorporated with the concrete pre-fab 

production building. The heat recovery from the ventilation via the biofilter is done with heating 

batteries and a heat pump, thus supplying complementary energy for the heating ofthe production 

hall. 

BIOFILTER DATA 

Year of installation: 1991 

Air flow treated: 10,000 cfin , 

Biofilter: Integrated pre-fab concrete structure with a filterbed area of 1500 sqft.. 

Cost: 

i! 

Investment cost for bio-filters from $ 2.50/cfin 

Cost per ton Styrene removed from $500/Ton 

Operating cost from $0.10/cfro 

Typical resent quote (11/94) Styrene removed: 263 Ton/yr - 335,000 cfin 

90% efficiency * price: $1,080,000 - $3.22/cfin 

Capital cost: $302/cfm 

Annual cost: 

Cost/yr@ 0.1628 $175,824 

Filter Kw @ $0.06/ KW $63,000 

Bio filter replacement $1,500 

Caibon replacement $4,000 

Cost S/ton Styrene removed 

$244,324 

$929/ton 
5-09-1995 2:10PM FROM A. G.MUNTERS COMPANY 813 481 3566 

t 

P.36^ 

P.2 

FIBERFORM BIOFILTER 1990-10-11 

Reduction of styren before/after 

Concentration of »tyr«n {mg/m3> 

100 200 300 

Time (min) 

400 

B»for« filter After filter 

600 

AIRSON AB 

AMT is also representing AIRSON AB a company specializing in reducing 

the amount of cfin exhausted and VOCs around workers. 

A resent modification of Europe's largest small boat manufacturing plant 

AIRSON was able to reduce the Styrene content around workers to 4 ppm 

and at the same time reduce the total amount of exhaust cfin by 50%. 

AIRSON is utilizing a patented laminar flow technology.