Dairy 

Market 

United States Statistics 

Department of 

Agriculture 

Agricultural

Marketing

Service 2019 Annual Summary 
 

PREFACE 

Dairy Market News is a service provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture 

(USDA) and cooperating State agencies under the authority of the Agricultural 

Marketing Act of 1946. The purpose is to provide dairy farmers and their 

cooperatives, processors, buyers and sellers of dairy products, and others

with information which will help in making buying and selling decisions and

future planning. 

This is an annual summary of market statistics on dairy products collected 

and compiled by Dairy Programs of USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service

(AMS), and published in "Dairy Market News," a weekly report. This annual 

summary contains data for 2019. Similar data have been published for the 

period 1940 through 2018. 

Issued April 2020 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its 

programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, 

disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status,

parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political

beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual’s income is 

derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited

bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require 

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large 

print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 

(voice and TDD). 

To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of 

Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or 

call (800) 795-3272(voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal 

opportunity provider and employer. 
 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

SUMMARY OF DAIRY MARKET NEWS OPERATIONS DURING 2019 3 

MARKET NEWS FIELD OFFICE 4 

I. STORAGE 

Holdings of dairy products in selected storage centers, by week, 2019 5 

II. DAIRY RELATED INFORMATION 

International Dairy Market News 2019 Oceania and Western Europe and South America 

Export Prices 6-8 

Dairy Market News: Voice Availability 9 

Dairy Market News: Internet Availability 10-12 

Dairy Market News: Terminology 13-17 

Dairy Market News: Working Guidelines 18-19 

Criteria used by National Weekly Nonfat Dry Milk Sales Surveys 20 

2019 January – December Monthly and Annual Averages 21-23 

III. ORGANIC REPORTS 

2019 U.S. Organic Half Gallon Milk Weekly Weighted Average 

Advertised Prices National and Regional 24 

2019 U.S. Half Gallon Milk Weekly Weighted Average Advertised Prices

Conventional and Organic 25 
 

 

SUMMARY OF DAIRY MARKET NEWS OPERATIONS DURING 2019 

Dairy Market News covers markets for dairy products of commercial significance. These 

include butter, various kinds of cheese, concentrated and dry milk products, and fluid 

milk and cream. The kinds of market data gathered are determined by industry needs and 

by the willingness of industry members to voluntarily provide the necessary information. 

Market News reporters obtain information by telephone, Market News Communication System, 

fax and e-mail. They use the telephone most extensively in reaching buyers and sellers 

across the country and around the world. 

Dairy Market News also includes import and export information and USDA releases on milk 

and dairy product production, marketings, stocks, prices, and outlook and situation 

information. 

Prices are reported for trucklot or carlot quantities (40,000 to 45,000) pounds and 

tanklot quantities (49,000 pounds). Prices for most products are issued once a week and 

represent a range of values for the entire week. In calculating the monthly average, the 

weekly price is applied to each workday in the week that is within the month (Saturdays, 

Sundays, and holidays excluded). This procedure is called time weighting. It is important 

for months having a split week because it gives the proper weight to the days in each 

month. No monthly average price is computed if one or more weekly prices are missing. 

Monthly averages for prices reported more than once a week are simple averages of all 

prices reported during the month. Yearly averages are simple averages of the monthly 

average prices. No yearly average is computed if one or more monthly average prices are 

missing. The monthly CME Group exchange averages are simple averages of all the closes 

during the month. 

In addition to the printed report, Market News information is carried by news services 

and by newspapers, radio and television. Information also is available by telephone from 

Market News reporters. Some information is provided around the clock by recorded 

telephone messages (608-422-8602). Information is continually available on the Internet 

at: www.ams.usda.gov/dairymarketnews 

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DAIRY PROGRAMS, AMS 

MARKET INFORMATION BRANCH 

MARKET NEWS FIELD OFFICE 

Janet Linder, Deputy Director 

Phone 608-422-8588 

Janet.Linder@usda.gov 

4600 American Parkway, STE 106 

Madison, WI 53718 

Phone: 608-422-8587 

FAX: 608-240-6689 

Recorded Information: 608-422-8602 

Internet Address: www.ams.usda.gov/dairymarketnews 

Portal database: http://www.marketnews.usda.gov/portal/da 

My Market News: https://mymarketnews.ams.usda.gov 

GENERAL NUMBER 

(608) 422-8587 

Elizabeth Frederick 

(608) 422-8587 

Elizabeth.Frederick@USDA.GOV 

ORGANIC/ EAST 

Daniel Johnson 

(608) 422-8605 

Daniel.Johnson@USDA.GOV 

EAST 

Jessica Mueller 

(608) 422-8589 

Jessica.Mueller@USDA.GOV 

CENTRAL 

Israel Weber 

(608) 422-8601 

Israel.Weber@USDA.GOV 

SOUTHWEST/SOUTH AMERICA 

AJ (Angel José) Terán 

(608) 422-8593 

Angel.Terán@USDA.GOV 

SOUTHWEST 

Florence Kone-Gonzalez 

(608) 422-8594 

Florence.KoneGonzalez@USDA.GOV 

NORTHWEST/MOUNTAIN 

Mike Bandli 

(608) 422-8592 

Mike.Bandli@USDA.GOV 

EUROPE/OCEANIA 

Eric Graf 

(608) 422-8590 

Eric.Graf@USDA.GOV 

DEPUTY DIRECTOR, DAIRY MARKET NEWS 

Janet Linder 

(608) 422-8588 

Janet.Linder@USDA.GOV 

DIRECTOR, DAIRY MARKET NEWS 

Butch Speth 

(608) 422-8586 

Butch.Speth@USDA.GOV 

4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Table 3 -- Storage: Holdings of dairy products in selected storage centers, 

by weeks, 2019 1/ 

(Includes Government stocks) 

Week : : American :: Week : : American

 ending 

---------

: 

---

Butter 

--------

: 

---

cheese 

----------

:: 

-----

ending 

---------

: 

---

Butter 

--------

: 

---

cheese 

------------------

: 1,000 lbs. :: : 1,000 lbs. 

: ---------- :: : ----------

JAN 04 : 22,299 89,983 :: JUL 05 : 39,542 89,779

 11 : 23,537 91,344 :: 12 : 40,021 89,548

 18 : 25,103 92,429 :: 19 : 40,545 88,146

 25 : 26,838 93,759 :: 26 : 42,405 87,099 

FEB 01 : 30,732 99,399 :: AUG 02 : 41,825 85,215

 08 : 31,380 100,381 :: 09 : 40,942 84,019

 15 : 29,610 95,807 :: 16 : 40,277 82,292

 22 : 31,385 97,663 :: 23 : 40,320 81,448

 MAR 01 : 32,818 97,636 :: 30 : 39,092 81,127 

08 : 34,666 97,787 :: SEP 06 : 39,458 81,771

 15 : 36,636 96,029 :: 13 : 38,660 81,110

 22 : 38,268 94,955 :: 20 : 38,950 80,654

 29 : 38,006 94,285 :: 27 : 38,235 81,186 

APR 05 : 38,360 93,362 :: OCT 04 : 38,371 82,635 

12 : 41,111 93,936 :: 11 : 59,579 81,881

 19 : 39,993 88,115 :: 18 : 50,738 81,173

 26 : 39,252 94,196 :: 25 : 57,826 80,591

 MAY 03 : 40,860 95,088 :: NOV 01 : 56,103 78,047

 10 : 41,593 93,875 :: 08 : 54,241 80,654

 17 : 40,839 93,575 :: 15 : 51,220 76,563

 24 : 41,128 94,074 :: 22 : 49,441 77,673 

31 : 39,068 95,946 :: 29 : 49,482 79,508 

JUN 07 : 38,572 94,437 :: DEC 06 : 48,777 79,533

 14 : 39,875 94,277 :: 13 : 48,150 79,136 

21 : 41,790 90,995 :: 20 : 47,913 77,915 

28 : 41,002 90,989 :: 27 : 47,838 77,268

 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1/ Holdings as of mornings of given dates. 

5
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY MARKET NEWS 

2019 WESTERN EUROPE EXPORT PRICES 

U.S. dollars per metric ton, F.O.B. port. 

REPORT BUTTER SKIM MILK POWDER WHOLE MILK POWDER BUTTER OIL WHEY POWDER 

1 4725 - 5250 1900 - 2075 3000 - 3175 6825 - 6975 875 - 1025 

3 4875 - 5275 2025 - 2200 3100 - 3250 6850 - 6975 925 - 1075 

5 4900 - 5250 2125 - 2275 3175 - 3375 6600 - 6875 1000 - 1075 

7 4850 - 5375 2100 - 2425 3225 - 3375 6300 - 6625 950 - 1125 

9 4625 - 5100 2175 - 2325 3200 - 3375 6025 - 6325 925 - 1125 

11 4575 - 4875 2125 - 2325 3100 - 3425 5850 - 6350 875 - 1125 

13 4525 - 5050 2075 - 2300 3150 - 3425 5875 - 6300 875 - 1150 

15 4600 - 4750 2075 - 2250 3200 - 3450 5900 - 6350 850 - 1125 

17 4625 - 4750 2125 - 2250 3250 - 3450 5900 - 6150 850 - 1125 

19 4625 - 4850 2175 - 2300 3300 - 3425 5925 - 6150 825 - 1075 

21 4525 - 4725 2250 - 2375 3325 - 3400 6100 - 6450 825 - 1075 

23 4375 - 4675 2275 - 2400 3325 - 3425 5700 - 6025 825 - 1075 

25 4225 - 4650 2225 - 2400 3350 - 3400 5625 - 6125 800 - 1050 

27 4125 - 4400 2300 - 2450 3125 - 3400 5375 - 5950 750 - 1050 

29 4000 - 4325 2225 - 2425 3075 - 3325 5275 - 5950 725 - 975 

31 3825 - 4250 2225 - 2425 3100 - 3275 5175 - 5875 675 - 975 

33 3750 - 4100 2250 - 2475 3125 - 3275 5125 - 5700 675 - 975 

35 3750 - 4050 2275 - 2450 3075 - 3250 4875 - 5850 650 - 950 

37 3775 - 4175 2350 - 2475 3100 - 3350 4875 - 5750 650 - 975 

39 3825 - 4125 2375 - 2525 3175 - 3375 4825 - 5775 650 - 1000 

41 3825 - 4125 2475 - 2650 3200 - 3375 4850 - 5350 650 - 1000 

43 3875 - 4150 2550 - 2700 3250 - 3400 4900 - 5350 675 - 1000 

45 3900 - 4175 2625 - 2775 3275 - 3425 4900 - 5550 700 - 1050 

47 3925 - 4125 2725 - 2875 3300 - 3450 4850 - 5400 750 - 1025 

49 3900 - 4075 2750 - 2875 3325 - 3425 4350 - 4800 750 - 1025 

51 3925 - 4100 2775 - 2950 3375 - 3500 4825 - 5450 775 - 1050 

Information gathered for this report is from trades, offers to sell, and secondary data. Metric ton = 2,204.6 pounds. 

6
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY MARKET NEWS 

2019 OCEANIA EXPORT PRICES 

U.S. dollars per metric ton, F.O.B. port. 

REPORT BUTTER SKIM MILK POWDER WHOLE MILK POWDER CHEDDAR CHEESE 

1 4025 - 4200 2100 - 2400 2675 - 2750 3350 - 3525 

3 4125 - 4300 2325 - 2650 2725 - 2800 3425 - 3550 

5 4200 - 4325 2350 - 2650 2775 - 2825 3450 - 3550 

7 4425 - 4525 2500 - 2700 3000 - 3075 3500 - 3600 

9 4325 - 4525 2575 - 2700 2975 - 3075 3575 - 4025 

11 4650 - 4725 2475 - 2875 3125 - 3275 3800 - 4100 

13 5100 - 5300 2375 - 2575 3275 - 3400 4025 - 4150 

15 5450 - 5525 2450 - 2675 3250 - 3400 4125 - 4325 

17 5650 - 5800 2450 - 2625 3275 - 3350 4175 - 4525 

19 5600 - 5900 2550 - 2575 3250 - 3325 4175 - 4225 

21 5425 - 5600 2525 - 2600 3150 - 3200 5250 - 5275 

23 4825 - 5250 2375 - 2475 3100 - 3175 3925 - 4175 

25 4475 - 4700 2325 - 2400 2975 - 3025 3825 - 3850 

27 4225 - 4325 2450 - 2475 2925 - 3150 3800 - 3850 

29 4375 - 4500 2500 - 2675 3025 - 3175 3825 - 3950 

31 4375 - 4500 2500 - 2675 3025 - 3175 3825 - 3950 

33 4125 - 4200 2525 - 2700 3050 - 3350 3825 - 4250 

35 3950 - 4050 2500 - 2650 3050 - 3275 3800 - 3975 

37 4025 - 4125 2525 - 2675 3025 - 3225 3850 - 3950 

39 4150 - 4250 2600 - 2750 3100 - 3250 3750 - 3950 

41 4050 - 4175 2650 - 2750 3075 - 3275 3650 - 3925 

43 4050 - 4225 2700 - 2850 3075 - 3275 3600 - 3875 

45 4075 - 4250 2900 - 2950 3225 - 3300 3425 - 3675 

47 4025 - 4200 2975 - 3125 3300 - 3350 3675 - 3900 

49 3975 - 4150 3025 - 3150 3300 - 3450 3925 - 4050 

51 3800 - 3925 2800 - 2950 3075 - 3175 3800 - 4050 

Information gathered for this report is from trades, offers to sell, and secondary data. Metric ton = 2,204.6 pounds. 

7
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY MARKET NEWS 

2019 SOUTH AMERICA EXPORT PRICES 

U.S. dollars per metric ton, F.O.B. port. 

REPORT SKIM MILK POWDER WHOLE MILK POWDER 

1 2375 - 2675 2525 - 3025 

3 2575 - 2875 2600 - 3100 

5 2475 - 2775 2575 - 3150 

7 2275 - 2575 2550 - 3150 

9 2450 - 2750 2750 - 3350 

11 2400 - 2700 2900 - 3400 

13 2275 - 2575 3100 - 3500 

15 2300 - 2600 3000 - 3450 

17 2350 - 2650 3100 - 3450 

19 2375 - 2675 3075 - 3425 

21 2400 - 2600 3000 - 3350 

23 2375 - 2575 2950 - 3350 

25 2250 - 2450 2900 - 3250 

27 2300 - 2500 2900 - 3200 

29 2250 - 2550 2950 - 3250 

31 2250 - 2700 2950 - 3450 

33 2250 - 2600 2900 - 3350 

35 2250 - 2600 2900 - 3350 

37 2300 - 2550 2850 - 3250 

39 2450 - 2700 2950 - 3350 

41 2375 - 2725 3050 - 3400 

43 2450 - 2750 3000 - 3350 

45 2600 - 3000 3100 - 3400 

47 2750 - 3250 3250 - 3450 

49 2775 - 3275 3225 - 3425 

51 2750 - 3150 3100 - 3300 

Information gathered for this report is from trades, offers to sell, and secondary data. Metric ton = 2,204.6 pounds. 

8
MARKET NEWS INFORMATION BY PHONE 

The system is accessible via a touch-tone telephone. By listening to the menu and pressing the appropriate numbers, ylatest CME Group daily pricing for cheese, NDM, and butter, weekly domestic DMN dry product prices, and biweekly 

product prices. Release day (s) and times (Central) are in parenthesis. 1/ 

DIAL 608-422-8602 

CME Group Cash Prices 

Cheese 

NDM 

Butter 

Whey 

(Daily-12:15 p.m.) 

DMN Domestic Dry Product 

Prices 

(TH-Weekly 11:30 a.m.) 

PRESS 5 

DMN Int

(TH-Biw

P

1/ Holidays may affect release days and times. 

9
DAIRY MARKET NEWS HOME PAGE 

https://www.ams.usda.gov/market-news/dairy 

10
DAIRY MARKET NEWS PORTAL 

https://www.marketnews.usda.gov/mnp/da-home 

11
MY MARKET NEWS 

https://mymarketnews.ams.usda.gov/ 

12
 

 

 

 

DAIRY MARKET NEWS TERMINOLOGY 

Over the years, those engaged in the marketing of dairy products have developed a language peculiar to the 

trade. Numerous terms and phrases having special meanings are in frequent use. Market reports are intended 

to convey useful information to readers regarding important phases of a market situation and are best 

understood by the trade if words and expressions employed are in common usage. The following terms, 

definitions and abbreviations are used in describing dairy markets and market situations. 

AMS - Agricultural Marketing Service: An agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This agency's 

responsibilities include administering marketing order programs, standardization, inspection and grading, 

market news, and the research and promotion programs. 

BARREL - A single commercial unit of cheese weighing 500 pounds. 

BLOCK – A single commercial unit of cheese weighing either 40 or 640 pounds. 

BULK BUTTER - Packed 68 pounds or 25 kg, net weight, in corrugated boxes. 

BUTTERFAT / MILKFAT - The fat portion of whole milk. 

CCC - Commodity Credit Corporation: An agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This agency is 

authorized to assist agricultural producers through loans, purchases, payments and other operations, and 

makes available materials and facilities required in the production and marketing of agricultural

commodities. 

CIF - Cost, Insurance, and Freight. 

CLASS AND COMPONENT PRICES AND PRODUCT PRICE FORMULAS: Prices are derived from National Dairy Products Sales 

Report collected by the Agricultural Marketing Service on a weekly basis. Average monthly weighted prices 

of NDM, whey, butter, and cheese are calculated and used in the Federal milk order program product price 

formulas. The formulas can be found at: http://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/mmr/dmr) 

COLD STORAGE HOLDINGS - Products normally held for 30 days or more in public, private, and semiprivate 

refrigerated storage facilities. Does not include products in wholesalers' and retailers' storage 

facilities, which are normally held less than 30 days. 

COMMERCIAL DISAPPEARANCE - Commercial disappearance includes civilian and military purchases of milk and 

dairy products for domestic and foreign use, but excludes farm household use and USDA donations of dairy 

products. Disappearance is a residual figure and therefore can be affected by any inaccuracies in 

estimating milk production, on-farm use, stocks, and imports. 

COMMERCIAL STOCKS - Total U.S. stocks or holdings, minus Government-owned stocks or holdings. 

COMPONENT PRICE – Value of milk’s major components - butterfat, nonfat solids, or protein and other 

solids. The component prices are derived from weekly prices published in the National Dairy Products Sales 

Report (collected by AMS) for the major dairy products made from the components - butter, NDM, cheese, and 

dry whey. 

CONTRACT SALES - Contract sales (oral or written) include product that is earmarked for a regular 

established outlet. The contract may cover a specified period of time or volume. The price may be fixed or 

based on negotiated differentials over or under some base price or index. 

DAIRY MARKET NEWS – DMN: A program administered by USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service which collects and 

provides timely and accurate information pertaining to supply and demand conditions for milk and dairy 

products. The program provides weekly/biweekly dairy market information to assist industry participants in 

making current buying and selling decisions and aid in future planning. 

DMN REGIONS: 

DOMESTIC: 

CENTRAL - Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, 

Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin 

NORTHEAST - Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New 

York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont 

SOUTHEAST - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, 

Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia 

13
 

 

 

 

 

 

WEST - Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, 

Washington, and Wyoming 

INTERNATIONAL: 

EASTERN EUROPE - Belarus, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, 

Slovakia, and Ukraine 

OCEANIA - Australia and New Zealand 

WESTERN EUROPE (EU-15) - Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, 

Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom 

EU-27 – All EU-15 countries plus Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, 

Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. 

South America – Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Uruguay, Paraguay, Peru 

DEIP - Dairy Export Incentive Program: This program was repealed by the Agricultural Act of 2014. DEIP 

paid cash bonuses to exporters, allowing them to buy at U.S. prices and sell abroad at prevailing (lower) 

international prices. DEIP removed nonfat dry milk, butterfat, and certain cheeses from the domestic 

market and helped develop export markets. The DEIP was announced by USDA on May 15, 1985. DEIP quantities 

and dollar amounts were subject to World Trade Organization (WTO) restrictions under the Uruguay Round 

Agreement on Agriculture. 

DELIVERED EQUIVALENT - Prices are derived by using an f.o.b. price, plus an adjustment to reflect the cost 

of transporting the product to a specified area. 

DELIVERED PRICE - F.O.B. price plus transportation and handling. 

DEMAND - The desire to possess a commodity, coupled with the willingness and ability to pay. 

VERY GOOD – Offerings or supplies are rapidly being absorbed. 

GOOD – Firm confidence on the part of buyers that general market conditions are good. Trading is 

more active than normal. 

MODERATE – Average buyer interest and trading. 

LIGHT – Demand is below average. 

VERY LIGHT – Few buyers are interested in trading. 

ERS - Economic Research Service: An agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This agency's 

responsibilities include providing economic research and forecasting. 

EX DOCK - Often seen as "Ex Doc, Duty Paid." Imported product that has cleared customs and all paperwork 

has been completed. Product is available for pickup by the buyer. 

EXCHANGE - An organization which establishes and enforces rules of trade in a market (cash and futures 

markets). Terms used by DMN which are associated with exchange trading. 

BID - Refers to the price a buyer is willing to pay for a product. May raise the trading level. 

CARLOT – CME Group - Cheese = 40,000 - 44,000 pounds 

Butter = 41,000 - 43,000 pounds 

NDM = 41,000 – 45,000 pounds 

Dry Whey = 41,000 – 45,000 

OFFER - Refers to the price an owner is willing to accept for a product. May lower the trading 

level. 

SALE - A bid filled or an offer covered. 

FAS - Foreign Agricultural Service: An agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This agency's 

responsibilities include providing foreign agricultural information, administering import regulations, and 

assisting in the export of U.S. farm products. 

FEDERAL MILK MARKETING ORDERS - Federal Milk Marketing Orders are authorized by the Agricultural Marketing 

Agreement Act of 1937. Under this law, the Secretary of Agriculture may establish Federal Orders that 

apply to buyers (handlers) of milk. Basically, a milk order is a legal document issued to regulate the 

minimum prices paid to dairy farmers by handlers of Grade A milk in a specified marketing area. Milk under 

the Federal Milk Marketing Order system is separated into four separate classes: 

CLASS I - Milk used for beverages including eggnog and ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk. 

14
 

 

CLASS II - Milk used for soft products. This includes cottage cheese, ricotta cheese, pot cheese, 

Creole cheese, milk shake and ice milk mixes, frozen desserts, aerated cream, frozen cream, sour 

cream, half and half, yogurt, custards, puddings, pancake mixes, batter, buttermilk biscuit mixes, 

infant or dietary formulas packaged in hermetically sealed containers, candy, soup and bakery 

products for general distribution to the public including sweetened condensed milk used for 

manufacture of aforesaid products, and fluid cream or any product containing artificial fat or the 

fat substitutes that resemble fluid cream. 

CLASS III - Milk used in the manufacture of cream cheese and other spreadable cheeses, and hard

cheese of types that may be shredded, grated, or crumbled. It also includes plastic cream, 

anhydrous milkfat, and butteroil. 

CLASS IV - Milk used to produce butter, any milk product in dry form and evaporated or sweetened 

condensed milk in a consumer-type package. 

FDA - Food and Drug Administration: An agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 

FLUID GRADE MILK (GRADE A) - Milk eligible for sale for use in fluid milk products. This milk must be 

produced under strict sanitary conditions which meet U.S. Public Health Service standards. Fluid grade 

milk may be used to make manufactured dairy products. 

F.O.B. - Free on Board: Seller places product sold in a railcar, truck, or other form of transportation. 

The buyer then assumes transportation costs. 

FSA - Farm Service Agency: An agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This agency's responsibilities 

include administering the dairy and other farm commodity price support programs. 

FUTURES TERMS - several common terms used by traders in futures markets. 

CFTC - The Commodity Futures Trading Commission as created by the Commodity Futures Trading 

Commission Act of 1974. This government agency currently regulates the nation’s commodity 

futures industry. 

CME Group – A derivatives marketplace. 

CONTRACT - Unit of trading for a commodity future. Also, actual bilateral agreement between the 

parties (buyer and seller) of a futures or option on futures transaction as defined by an 

exchange. 

CONTRACT MONTH - The month in which futures contracts may be satisfied by making or accepting 

delivery. 

DELIVERY - The tender and receipt of an actual commodity or cash in settlement of a futures 

contract. 

LONG - An investor expecting a futures price to increase may decide to go long or buy a futures 

contract. 

SHORT - An investor expecting a futures price to decline may go short or sell a futures contract. 

OPEN INTEREST - Total number of futures or options on futures contracts that have not yet been 

offset or fulfilled by delivery. An indicator of the depth or liquidity of a market (the ability 

to buy or sell at or near a given price) and of the use of a market for risk and/or assetmanagement. 

SETTLEMENT PRICE - A figure determined by the closing range that is used to calculate gains and

losses in futures market accounts. Settlement prices are used to determine gains, losses, 

margin calls, and invoice prices for deliveries. 

VOLUME - The number of transactions in a futures or options on futures contract made during a 

specified period of time. 

LTL - Less than truckload quantity. 

MAILBOX PRICES - Net pay prices received by dairy farmers for milk. Prices reflect all payments received 

for milk sold and all costs associated with marketing the milk. 

MANUFACTURING GRADE MILK (GRADE B) - Milk eligible for sale for which use is limited to manufactured dairy 

products. This milk must be produced under conditions which meet state and local standards, but these 

standards are less stringent than those for fluid grade milk (Grade A). 

MARKET - A term with several meanings: 

A. A geographic location where a commodity is traded. 

15
 

 

 

 

 

B. The price, or price level, at which a commodity is traded. 

C. To sell a commodity. 

MARKET ACTIVITY - The rate at which sales are being made. Often stated as: active, moderate, slow, or 

inactive. 

MARKET CHANNELS: 

BROKER/TRADER - A middleman activity involved in facilitating sales between producers and other 

levels in the marketing chain. Typically does not take title to product. 

FOOD SERVICE - A marketing channel which includes purchases of dairy products by hotels, 

restaurants, fast food outlets, schools, and institutions. 

INDUSTRIAL - A marketing channel which includes dairy products purchased as an ingredient in the 

production of food and nonfood products. 

JOBBER - A middleman activity in food distribution involving the transfer of products between 

wholesalers or manufacturers and end use outlets. Jobbing sales are usually on a small scale 

and jobbers provide special services to small food stores, restaurants, and institutions. 

Typically takes title to product. 

RETAIL - A marketing channel which sells dairy products directly to the consumer for personal or 

household consumption. 

WHOLESALE - A middle link in the food distribution chain. Wholesalers assemble relatively large 

quantities of product and resell in smaller lots to various users such as the food service trade, 

small retail food stores, and jobbers. Major functions may include assembling, grading, 

warehousing, order taking, cutting, wrapping, printing, and delivery. Customer services such as 

merchandising aids and credit also may be provided. 

MERCOSUR - An economic and commercial bloc of countries in South America composed of Argentina, Brazil, 

Paraguay, and Uruguay. Chile, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru are associate countries. 

METRIC CONVERSIONS: 

KG / KILOGRAM = 2.2046 pounds 

MT / METRIC TON = 2,204.6 pounds 

MICRO-FIXING – A manufacturing procedure to convert cold storage bulk butter into print butter. 

MPC – Milk protein concentrate. 

MOSTLY - The majority of sales within a reported price range. Transaction driven, not volume weighted. 

NA - Not available, not applicable. 

NASS - National Agricultural Statistics Service: An agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This 

agency's responsibilities include providing official USDA data and estimates of agricultural prices, dairy 

products, milk production, cold storage, and other items. 

NC - No change. 

NDM – Nonfat Dry Milk – See USDA standards. https://www.ams.usda.gov/grades-standards/dairy-products 

NDPSR – National Dairy Products Sales Report. https://www.ams.usda.gov/grades-standards/dairy-products 

NOMINAL PRICES – Prices that reflect buyers’ and sellers’ opinions of current values (bids, offers, grade, 

and regional differentials, etc.) when there is limited trading of a commodity. Ordinarily, published 

prices are based on three or more separate, actual spot transactions. However, because of the practical 

uses made of pricing information by buyers and sellers, nominal prices are used to indicate where spot 

trades would occur. If a reporter is unable to gather enough information for nominal prices, then prices 

are reported as too few to report (TFEWR). 

ORGANIC – Organic is a labeling term that indicates that the food or other agricultural product has been 

produced through USDA approved methods that integrate cultural, biological, and mechanical practices that 

foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. Synthetic fertilizers, 

sewage sludge, irradiation, and genetic engineering may not be used. To be labeled as “organic,” food must 

be certified as meeting USDA standards. 

16
PRICE TREND – The direction in which prices are moving in relation to trading in the previous reporting 

period(s). 

HIGHER – The majority of sales are at prices measurably higher than the previous trading session. 

FIRM – Prices are tending higher, but not measurably so. 

STEADY – Prices are unchanged from the previous trading session. 

WEAK – Prices are tending lower, but not measurably so. 

LOWER – Prices for most sales are measurably lower than the previous trading session. 

PRINT BUTTER - Butter which is packaged in one-pound or smaller pieces. 

PRODUCT PRICE FORMULAS – Used to compute advanced prices as well as class and component prices that set 

the minimum price paid to milk producers in all federal milk orders. The formulas consist of weighted 

average product prices, make allowances, and yield factors. The product prices are those published in the 

National Dairy Products Sales Report (a mandatory survey conducted by AMS) for butter, NDM, cheese, and 

dry whey. 

RAILCAR = approximately 130,000 to 160,000 pounds. 

RESALE PRICES - Transactions that reflect product that has been purchased and resold (can be more than 

once). Trades can occur above, below, or at spot prices depending on current market conditions. These 

trades are not reported in spot price ranges but may be included in comments. 

SMP – Skim Milk Powder 

1. An international market term often used interchangeably for NDM. 

2. A term used in the United States for a dry product made from a blend of condensed skim and

another condensed dairy product(s) generally for export sales. This product does not meet USDA 

standards for NDM. 

SOLIDS-NOT-FAT (SNF) - The solids in milk other than milkfat. Also known as nonfat solids. 

SOUTHERN CONE - The region composed of Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay and the Southeastern region of 

Brazil. 

SPOT PRICES - The first sale, f.o.b. the producing plant, of product that has no regular or committed 

outlet and is sold on the open market for immediate delivery or delivery within a few days. 

SUPPLY/OFFERING - The quantity of a particular item available for current sale. 

HEAVY – When the volume of supplies is above average for the market being reported. 

MODERATE – When the volume of supplies is average for the market being reported. 

LIGHT – When the volume of supplies is below average for the market being reported. 

TAMBO - A farm level dairy operation in some Latin American countries. 

TFEWR - Too few to report - insufficient market information to determine a price. 

TL - Truckload = approximately 40,000 - 44,000 pounds. 

UNDERTONE/TONE - Situation or sense of market direction. 

USPHS - United States Public Health Service: An agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human 

Services. This agency’s responsibilities include the promulgation and administration of federal standards 

of identity (which define milk and dairy products) and administering the fluid Grade A milk program (which 

covers the sanitary aspects of milk and processing). 

WET SOLIDS - another term for condensed skim. 

17
 

 

 

 

 

 

DAIRY MARKET NEWS 

Working Guidelines 

The Market News Service is authorized by the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 and is supported by annual 

congressional appropriations and user fees. The Agricultural Marketing Act described the purpose of Market 

News in part, as follows: "To collect and disseminate marketing information, including adequate outlook 

information on a market-area basis, for the purpose of anticipating and meeting consumer requirements, aiding 

in the maintenance of farm income, and bringing about a balance between production and utilization of 

agricultural products." 

Dairy Market News reporters collect information through voluntary telephone surveys of industry 

contacts. These contacts represent all segments of the dairy trade including: producers, processors, end users, 

buyers, brokers, and others. The diverse contact base allows reporters to cross-evaluate reported data. All 

reported data is strictly confidential. The information from all contacts is analyzed, summarized and then the 

composite information is released to the industry at a specified time. Reporters seek out any contact that is 

willing to talk to them on a regular basis. 

REPORTING GUIDELINES 

These guidelines are based on reporting principles from our Handbook and are compiled from our actual 

daily operating procedures. 

GENERAL IN NATURE 

• Without industry cooperation there would be no market report 

• Cooperation is possible because the industry values the information for making marketing decisions 

• All information collected is confidential and voluntary 

• Reports are a survey of the industry and not all inclusive 

• Reporters are unbiased in reporting and strive for consistency 

MORE SPECIFIC ISSUES 

• If unable to confirm information with the buyer and seller and it is not representative of the market, 

reporters are under no obligation to use it 

• If a confirmed trade is unrepresentative of the market, reporters are not obligated to use it 

• Uneconomic trading is questioned 

• Quality and terms of sale including transportation are always an issue 

• Reporting procedures are consistent whether prices are increasing or decreasing 

18
 

 

 

 

 

CONDITIONS OF SALE 

• Reporters are looking for spot sales in carlot/truckload (CL/TL) quantities 

o First sale, FOB plant 

o First sale, FOB plant or warehouse, by marketing agent (effective Report 1 2016) 

o Resale information is used for comments only 

• No audits of sales records are performed 

• The mostly price range may be used to more closely define the majority of trades when applicable 

• Mostly price ranges are not volume weighted, but are transaction driven 

• Nominal prices - When not enough actual transactions are reported on a particular product or specific 

grade of product, the reporter may report a nominal price series. Ordinarily, published prices are 

based upon actual transactions; however, because of the practical uses made of price information by 

buyers and sellers, nominal prices may be published for brief periods. Nominal prices represent 

reporters' knowledge and best judgment as to value - - considerations being given to: 

o Expressed opinions of buyers and sellers as to current value. 

o Usual price differentials between other grades or levels of trading. 

o The general tone of the market, available supplies, etc. 

o Other factors which may have an influence on the price. 

No price shall be reported on a particular product or specific grade of product when under the abovementioned conditions, no fair price can be arrived at in the mind of the reporter. 

CONTRACTS 

• The general definition is that reporters use spot sales 

• Some contract sales qualify to be included if they meet certain criteria: 

o include a new contract sale the week it is established 

o if the volume is negotiated each week with none as a possibility 

o prices may be based on an index, but sales must be representative of current market conditions 

• Contract sales are included for lactose and casein markets per industry practice and this is explicitly 

stated in the price line for these reports 

ADDITIONAL 

The industry is consulted when additional products to report are considered. Any changes or modifications 

to reports are noticed to the industry prior to implementation after comprehensive consideration to establish 

that changes are market neutral. 

USDA/AMS/DAIRY MARKET NEWS, 4600 American Parkway, STE 106, Madison, WI 53718 

http://www.ams.usda.gov/market-news/dairy 

Issued 2/2007; reissued 12/2015 

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CRITERIA USED BY NATIONAL WEEKLY NONFAT DRY MILK SALES SURVEYS 

NATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS SALES REPORT (AMS) SURVEY (Valid beginning April 1, 2012) 

NDM Varieties 

Included 

Manufacturer 

Exemptions 

Minimum 

Transaction 

Size 

Sales Time Frame Include Grade Packaging Exclude 

• Non- Processes and None Sunday -- Saturday • NDM prepared using low or medium • USDA Extra • 25 kg bag • Forward pricing sales in which the 

Fortified markets less than 

1 million pounds 

of NDM per 

calendar year 

(Published electronically 

on Wednesdays, no later 

than 3:00 pm ET, with 

data for previous week. 

If a federal holiday falls 

on Monday, Tuesday, or 

Wednesday in any given 

week, then published 

electronically on 

Thursdays, no later than 

3:00 pm ET) 

heat process 

• Complete transactions (product 

shipped out and title transfers) 

• Brokerage fees paid by the 

manufacturer 

• Clearing charges paid by the 

manufacturer 

• Prices as F.O.B. plant or F.O.B. storage 

facility 

Grade 

• USPH Grade 

A 

• 50 lb bag 

• Tote 

• Tanker 

selling price is established(and not 

adjusted) 30 or more days before 

the transaction is completed 

• Intra-company sales on NDM 

• Resales of purchased NDM 

• NDM certified as organic by a 

USDA-accredited certifying agent 

• Sales of NDM produced under faithbased close supervision and 

marketed at a higher price than the 

manufacturer’s wholesale market 

price for the basic commodity 

• Premium assisted sales* 

• Sales of NDM more than 180 days 

old 

• Instant NDM 

• Skim milk powder 

• High heat NDM 

(12/2019) Table by AMS, Dairy Market News, summarized from information found at https://mpr.datamart.ams.usda.gov/ 

*Updated to reflect discontinuation of DEIP and clarify disallowance of new premium assisted programs that may be offered. 

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

2019 MONTHLY AVERAGES 

AREA and PRODUCT : JAN : FEB : MAR : APR : MAY : JUN : JUL : AUG : SEP : OCT : NOV : DEC : AVG 

CME Group 1 

BUTTER - DAILY TRADING 

GRADE AA 2.2481 2.2659 2.2773 2.2635 2.3366 2.3884 2.3897 2.2942 2.1690 2.1071 2.0495 1.9736 2.2302 

CHEESE - DAILY TRADING 

BARRELS 1.2379 1.3867 1.4910 1.5925 1.6278 1.6258 1.7343 1.7081 1.7463 2.0224 2.2554 1.8410 1.6891 

40 POUND BLOCKS 1.4087 1.5589 1.5908 1.6619 1.6799 1.7906 1.8180 1.8791 2.0395 2.0703 1.9664 1.8764 1.7784 

NONFAT DRY MILK - DAILY TRADING 

GRADE A 1.0075 0.9916 0.9671 0.9986 1.0513 1.0498 1.0297 1.0297 1.0703 1.1579 1.2139 1.2501 1.0681 

WHEY - DAILY TRADING 

EXTRA GRADE 0.4640 0.3559 0.3304 0.3420 0.3499 0.3529 0.3338 0.3701 0.3800 0.3004 0.3109 0.3333 0.3520 

DAIRY MARKET NEWS 2 

CHEESE 

WISCONSIN 

PROCESS AMERICAN 5 POUND LOAF 1.5164 1.6126 1.7158 1.8530 1.9091 1.8438 2.0094 1.9799 2.0278 2.1552 2.5255 2.2355 1.9487 

BRICK AND/OR MUENSTER 5 POUNDS 1.9720 2.0908 2.1480 2.2422 2.2568 2.3319 2.4038 2.4440 2.6091 2.6126 2.6024 2.4774 2.3493 

CHEDDAR 40 POUND BLOCK 1.6845 1.8016 1.8580 1.9522 1.9668 2.0419 2.1138 2.1540 2.3191 2.3226 2.3124 2.1874 2.0595 

MONTEREY JACK 10 POUNDS 1.8370 1.9558 2.0130 2.1072 2.1218 2.1969 2.2688 2.3090 2.4741 2.4776 2.4674 2.3424 2.2143 

BLUE 5 POUNDS 2.5620 2.6808 2.7380 2.8322 2.8468 2.9219 2.9938 3.0340 3.1991 3.2026 3.1924 3.0674 2.9393 

MOZZARELLA 5-6 POUNDS 2.0295 2.1483 2.2055 2.2997 2.3153 2.3919 2.4638 2.5040 2.6691 2.6726 2.6624 2.5374 2.4083 

SWISS 6-9 POUND CUTS 2.7577 2.6351 2.5597 2.5717 2.5698 2.6663 2.7847 2.8469 2.8413 2.9553 2.9860 3.0472 2.7685 

NORTHEAST 

CHEDDAR 40 POUND BLOCK 1.9945 2.1133 2.1705 2.2647 2.2793 2.3506 2.4213 2.4615 2.6266 2.6289 2.6186 2.4936 2.3686 

PROCESS AMERICAN 5 POUND SLICED 1.6214 1.7176 1.8208 1.9580 2.0141 1.9675 2.1394 2.1099 2.1578 2.2852 2.6555 2.3655 2.0677 

MUENSTER 2.0120 2.1308 2.1880 2.2822 2.2968 2.3681 2.4388 2.4790 2.6441 2.6476 2.6374 2.5124 2.3864 

SWISS 10-14 POUND CUTS 3.3452 3.2226 3.1472 3.1592 3.1573 3.2538 3.3722 3.4344 3.4288 3.5428 3.5735 3.6347 3.3560 

WEST 

PROCESS AMERICAN 5 POUND LOAF 1.4514 1.5476 1.6508 1.7880 1.8495 1.8088 1.9744 1.9449 1.9928 2.1202 2.4905 2.2005 1.9016 

CHEDDAR 40 POUND BLOCK 1.7408 1.8595 1.9167 2.0109 2.0256 2.1006 2.1693 2.1890 2.3541 2.3576 2.3474 2.2224 2.1078 

CHEDDAR 10 POUND CUTS 1.8095 1.9283 1.9855 2.0797 2.0943 2.1694 2.2426 2.2915 2.4566 2.4601 2.4499 2.3249 2.1910 

MONTEREY JACK 10 POUNDS 1.7895 1.9083 1.9655 2.0776 2.1306 2.2056 2.2768 2.3165 2.4816 2.4851 2.4749 2.3499 2.2052 

SWISS 6-9 POUND CUTS 2.9964 2.8738 2.7985 2.8105 2.8085 2.9050 3.0234 3.0857 3.0800 3.1941 3.2247 3.2860 3.0072 

FLUID PRODUCTS 

CLASS II CREAM 

NORTHEAST - F.O.B. 2.4925 2.5644 2.6702 2.8091 3.0084 3.1605 3.2332 3.2220 2.8544 2.7467 2.6664 2.3665 2.8162 

UPPER MIDWEST - F.O.B. 2.6433 2.6582 2.7342 2.8389 2.9634 3.0921 3.2017 3.1863 2.8671 2.7666 2.6539 2.4136 2.8349 

CONDENSED SKIM - NORTHEAST - F.O.B. 

CLASS II 0.7567 0.7342 0.7679 0.8330 0.8023 0.7750 0.7841 0.7886 0.8618 1.0100 1.0100 0.9571 0.8401 

CLASS III 0.7357 0.7250 0.7060 0.7386 0.7455 0.7175 0.7355 0.7286 0.8105 0.9750 0.9750 0.9107 0.7920 

1 Monthly averages are a simple average of all the closes during the month. 

2 Monthly averages are based on weekly prices and are time-weighted according to the number of workdays in the month - Saturdays, Sundays and National Holidays excluded. 

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

2019 MONTHLY AVERAGES 

AREA and PRODUCT : JAN : FEB : MAR : APR : MAY : JUN : JUL : AUG : SEP : OCT : NOV : DEC : AVG 

DAIRY MARKET NEWS, CONTINUED 2 

DRY PRODUCTS 

NONFAT DRY MILK 

CENTRAL/EAST - LOW/MEDIUM HEAT 0.9669 0.9922 0.9766 0.9935 1.0414 1.0531 1.0415 1.0425 1.0573 1.1236 1.1952 1.2461 1.0608 

--MOSTLY 0.9821 0.9976 0.9849 0.9899 1.0361 1.0497 1.0361 1.0345 1.0590 1.1380 1.1964 1.2450 1.0624 

CENTRAL/EAST - HIGH HEAT 1.0769 1.0995 1.0899 1.1160 1.1661 1.1756 1.1678 1.1702 1.1725 1.2302 1.2832 1.3219 1.1725 

WEST - LOW/MEDIUM HEAT 0.9848 0.9841 0.9680 0.9868 1.0411 1.0475 1.0259 1.0239 1.0558 1.1328 1.1913 1.2353 1.0564 

--MOSTLY 0.9807 0.9892 0.9660 0.9873 1.0370 1.0463 1.0361 1.0300 1.0560 1.1448 1.2039 1.2395 1.0597 

WEST - HIGH HEAT 1.1199 1.1320 1.1060 1.1297 1.1972 1.2019 1.1845 1.1870 1.1928 1.2489 1.3018 1.3394 1.1951 

WHEY POWDER 

CENTRAL - 0.4488 0.4271 0.4027 0.3987 0.3574 0.3488 0.3446 0.3356 0.3373 0.3122 0.3015 0.3461 0.3634 

--MOSTLY 0.4676 0.4416 0.4163 0.3922 0.3651 0.3547 0.3513 0.3500 0.3532 0.3303 0.3058 0.3412 0.3724 

WEST - 0.4645 0.4136 0.3830 0.3709 0.3714 0.3619 0.3414 0.3601 0.3746 0.3356 0.3156 0.3436 0.3697 

--MOSTLY 0.4689 0.4405 0.3976 0.3807 0.3685 0.3550 0.3436 0.3451 0.3636 0.3470 0.3069 0.3479 0.3721 

NORTHEAST - EXTRA AND GRADE A 0.4924 0.4501 0.4042 0.3898 0.3770 0.3663 0.3593 0.3573 0.3600 0.3502 0.3352 0.3480 0.3825 

WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE 34% 

CENTRAL AND WEST 0.9293 0.9101 0.8993 0.8938 0.8994 0.9394 0.9606 0.9790 0.9764 0.9364 0.9300 0.9637 0.9348 

-- MOSTLY 0.8929 0.8995 0.9025 0.9025 0.9074 0.9244 0.9297 0.9444 0.9465 0.9530 0.9597 0.9854 0.9290 

ANIMAL FEED 

CENTRAL - MILK REPLACER 0.3655 0.3376 0.3105 0.2852 0.2718 0.2725 0.2657 0.2598 0.2550 0.2509 0.2446 0.2924 0.2843 

DRY BUTTERMILK 

CENTRAL/EAST 0.9780 0.9986 0.9990 1.0259 1.0440 1.0559 1.0570 1.0604 1.0711 1.0878 1.1063 1.1202 1.0504 

WEST 0.9250 0.9592 0.9481 0.9610 1.0015 1.0225 1.0310 1.0305 1.0498 1.0559 1.0955 1.1025 1.0152 

--MOSTLY 0.9286 0.9592 0.9600 0.9807 1.0105 1.0275 1.0327 1.0291 1.0455 1.0523 1.0908 1.1050 1.0185 

DRY WHOLE MILK 

NATIONAL 1.5750 1.6018 1.6221 1.6457 1.6586 1.6788 1.7357 1.7132 1.7343 1.7723 1.7513 1.7869 1.6896 

LACTOSE 

CENTRAL AND WEST 0.3652 0.3250 0.3345 0.3449 0.3380 0.3363 0.3168 0.3150 0.3140 0.2850 0.2750 0.2750 0.3187 

-- MOSTLY 0.3700 0.3639 0.3650 0.3525 0.3339 0.3150 0.3085 0.2973 0.2919 0.2809 0.2884 0.2900 0.3214 

CASEIN 

RENNET 2.4540 2.5699 2.7336 3.0466 3.1151 3.3931 3.4181 3.1388 3.0628 3.1215 3.3824 3.7070 3.0952 

ACID 3.0651 3.0835 3.1051 3.1570 3.1681 3.1963 3.2220 3.2175 3.1991 3.2740 3.4007 3.5695 3.2215 

2 Monthly averages are based on weekly prices and are time-weighted according to the number of workdays in the month - Saturdays, Sundays and National Holidays excluded. 

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

2019 INTERNATIONAL MONTHLY AVERAGES 

AREA and PRODUCT : JAN : FEB : MAR : APR : MAY : JUN : JUL : AUG : SEP : OCT : NOV : DEC : AVG 

DAIRY MARKET NEWS 3 

BUTTER (82% BUTTERFAT) 

-- OCEANIA 

-- WEST EUROPE 

4215 

5060 

4442 

4998 

4919 

4761 

5619 

4686 

5492 

4642 

4622 

4416 

4402 

4141 

4114 

3924 

4136 

3975 

4132 

4002 

4115 

4020 

3908 

4007 

4510 

4386 

BUTTEROIL (99% BUTTERFAT) 

-- WEST EUROPE 6842 6347 6098 6072 6103 5819 5593 5400 5296 5133 5023 5010 5728 

CHEDDAR CHEESE (39% MAXIMUM MOISTURE) 

-- OCEANIA 3484 3660 4008 4280 4629 3888 3874 3956 3871 3724 3767 3939 3923 

SKIM MILK POWDER (1.25% BUTTERFAT) 

-- OCEANIA 

-- SOUTH AMERICA 

-- WEST EUROPE 

2451 

2651 

2125 

2612 

2514 

2254 

2578 

2493 

2208 

2551 

2480 

2181 

2533 

2503 

2292 

2403 

2394 

2334 

2560 

2426 

2336 

2593 

2430 

2359 

2640 

2502 

2438 

2772 

2615 

2614 

3023 

2949 

2774 

2923 

2951 

2851 

2637 

2576 

2397 

WHEY POWDER (NONHYGROSCOPIC) 

-- WEST EUROPE 1006 1032 1007 984 950 925 852 814 819 839 884 907 918 

WHOLE MILK POWDER (26% BUTTERFAT) 

-- OCEANIA 

-- SOUTH AMERICA 

-- WEST EUROPE 

2768 

2842 

3199 

3020 

2941 

3293 

3257 

3217 

3276 

3316 

3250 

3340 

3206 

3196 

3365 

3044 

3088 

3347 

3086 

3124 

3209 

3174 

3132 

3182 

3151 

3106 

3252 

3190 

3208 

3315 

3319 

3315 

3368 

3182 

3213 

3423 

3143 

3136 

3297 

3 Monthly averages are based on weekly prices and are time-weighted according to the number of workdays in the month – Saturdays and Sundays excluded. 

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U.S. Organic Half Gallon Milk 

Weekly Weighted Average Advertised Prices 

National and Regional - 2019 

U.S. Regions and Prices in U.S. Dollars 

Week 

NE SE MW SC SW NW HA AL U.S. 

1 4.03 4.21 2.92 3.03 4.99 3.99 6.99 2.89 4.13 

2 4.28 4.04 2.91 n.a. 4.53 3.43 n.a. n.a. 3.84 

3 4.16 3.62 3.08 n.a. 3.99 3.99 n.a. n.a. 3.77 

4 4.26 4.00 3.29 3.50 3.76 3.99 n.a. n.a. 3.80 

5 3.82 3.83 3.19 3.80 3.33 3.99 n.a. n.a. 3.66 

6 4.53 3.98 3.26 2.99 4.49 3.99 n.a. n.a. 3.87 

7 4.34 3.65 3.99 3.99 3.99 3.59 n.a. 3.39 3.85 

8 4.06 4.03 4.29 4.06 4.29 4.04 n.a. n.a. 4.13 

9 4.45 3.85 n.a. 4.25 3.52 3.80 n.a. n.a. 3.97 

10 3.59 3.57 3.37 2.99 3.99 2.87 6.99 n.a. 3.91 

11 4.42 4.28 n.a. 3.99 3.90 3.99 n.a. n.a. 4.12 

12 4.66 4.06 4.39 4.43 4.38 n.a. n.a. n.a. 4.38 

13 4.37 4.78 n.a. n.a. 3.52 4.49 6.99 n.a. 4.83 

14 4.09 4.09 3.99 n.a. 4.99 3.99 n.a. n.a. 4.23 

15 4.47 3.88 n.a. 4.30 3.99 2.85 n.a. 3.49 3.83 

16 4.80 4.00 3.00 n.a. 3.99 n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.95 

17 4.00 3.99 3.12 3.64 3.99 n.a. n.a. 2.99 3.62 

18 4.48 4.13 3.09 4.15 2.97 3.99 n.a. 2.49 3.61 

19 5.99 4.00 n.a. n.a. 4.09 2.50 n.a. n.a. 4.15 

20 4.29 4.83 n.a. n.a. 4.99 3.48 5.99 n.a. 4.72 

21 4.60 3.95 n.a. 4.29 n.a. 3.99 n.a. n.a. 4.21 

22 4.24 3.99 3.20 3.85 2.79 3.41 n.a. n.a. 3.58 

23 4.62 3.99 3.19 n.a. n.a. 3.15 5.29 n.a. 4.05 

24 3.97 4.11 n.a. 4.02 3.45 3.67 n.a. n.a. 3.84 

25 4.45 4.18 3.50 5.24 3.25 n.a. n.a. n.a. 4.12 

26 3.83 4.37 3.99 3.71 3.80 n.a. 5.99 n.a. 4.28 

27 4.64 n.a. 3.00 3.99 3.99 n.a. 5.99 n.a. 4.32 

28 4.47 3.74 2.99 3.99 3.78 2.50 n.a. n.a. 3.58 

29 0.75 3.64 2.99 3.47 4.31 2.50 5.99 n.a. 3.38 

30 4.39 3.71 3.35 3.49 3.64 n.a. n.a. 3.49 3.68 

31 3.90 3.50 3.42 4.00 3.53 2.99 n.a. 3.99 3.62 

32 4.24 3.99 n.a. 3.99 4.99 2.50 n.a. n.a. 3.94 

33 4.23 4.10 4.30 3.89 4.27 n.a. n.a. 4.49 4.21 

34 4.45 3.75 n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.99 n.a. 3.29 3.87 

35 4.32 4.08 n.a. n.a. n.a. 4.25 n.a. n.a. 4.22 

36 4.06 3.86 n.a. 3.99 3.68 n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.90 

37 3.93 3.98 n.a. 2.97 n.a. 3.04 n.a. 5.99 3.98 

38 4.17 3.94 2.99 4.99 3.54 2.99 n.a. n.a. 3.77 

39 4.30 3.78 n.a. 3.88 3.62 3.40 n.a. n.a. 3.80 

40 3.69 2.68 n.a. 3.69 3.09 3.58 n.a. n.a. 3.35 

41 4.39 4.00 3.99 3.99 3.49 3.04 5.49 n.a. 4.06 

42 3.98 3.65 4.49 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 4.04 

43 4.79 3.99 n.a. 3.50 3.99 n.a. n.a. n.a. 4.07 

44 4.61 3.75 3.99 n.a. 2.99 n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.84 

45 3.83 3.99 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.91 

46 4.25 3.99 3.36 4.21 n.a. 2.79 n.a. 3.79 3.73 

47 n.a. 3.00 3.31 4.43 3.90 n.a. 4.99 n.a. 3.93 

48 3.74 n.a. n.a. 3.50 n.a. 3.99 n.a. n.a. 3.74 

49 4.84 3.98 n.a. n.a. 2.99 n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.94 

50 4.59 n.a. 3.99 n.a. 3.99 2.50 5.49 n.a. 4.11 

51 3.99 3.99 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.99 

52 4.11 3.82 3.00 3.00 3.50 n.a. 2.99 n.a. 3.40 

12 Month 

Averages 4.22 3.92 3.47 3.87 3.86 3.46 5.77 3.66 4.03 

24
 

 

 

 

2019 U.S. Half Gallon Milk 

Weekly Weighted Average Advertised Prices 

Conventional and Organic 

Prices in U.S. Dollars 

Price 

Week Conventional Organic Spread 

1 2.46 3.91 1.45 

2 2.25 3.84 1.59 

3 1.70 3.72 2.02 

4 1.00 3.98 2.98 

5 2.46 3.63 1.17 

6 1.54 3.98 2.44 

7 2.26 3.97 1.71 

8 1.89 4.07 2.18 

9 2.31 4.00 1.69 

10 2.39 3.61 1.22 

11 2.29 4.09 1.80 

12 1.85 4.35 2.50 

13 1.55 4.33 2.78 

14 2.03 4.20 2.17 

15 2.19 4.11 1.92 

16 2.00 4.27 2.27 

17 1.45 3.73 2.28 

18 1.16 3.87 2.71 

19 1.89 4.02 2.13 

20 2.12 4.62 2.50 

21 2.86 4.26 1.40 

22 1.54 3.90 2.36 

23 1.26 4.09 2.83 

24 2.22 3.87 1.65 

25 1.35 4.47 3.12 

26 1.97 4.08 2.11 

27 1.71 4.33 2.62 

28 2.17 3.82 1.65 

29 1.95 3.49 1.54 

30 1.79 3.63 1.84 

31 2.27 3.61 1.34 

32 2.03 4.07 2.04 

33 2.01 4.09 2.08 

34 2.30 3.90 1.60 

35 2.03 4.12 2.09 

36 2.02 3.88 1.86 

37 2.65 3.88 1.23 

38 1.70 3.70 2.00 

39 2.15 3.99 1.84 

40 2.35 3.48 1.13 

41 3.06 4.08 1.02 

42 2.72 3.88 1.16 

43 1.99 4.19 2.20 

44 1.79 4.11 2.32 

45 3.00 4.07 1.07 

46 2.36 3.91 1.55 

47 2.92 3.73 0.81 

48 n.a. n.a. n.a. 

49 1.61 4.37 2.76 

50 1.93 4.26 2.33 

51 1.89 3.99 2.10 

52 2.40 3.69 1.29 

12 Month Averages 2.05 3.98 1.93 

25