Alpine Summit Energy Partners, Inc.: Exhibit 4.2 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com


    

    These Articles have been amended pursuant to special resolutions passed at a 
Meeting on May 25, 2021 and notice of alteration filed with the BC Registrar 
on September 7, 2021.

    BC0831488

    ALPINE SUMMIT ENERGY PARTNERS, INC.

     RED PINE PETROLEUM LTD.

    (the "Company")

    Table of Contents

    



    	1. INTERPRETATION	6
	1.1 Definitions	6
	1.2 Business Corporations Act and Interpretation Act Definitions Applicable	6
	 	 
	2. SHARES AND SHARE CERTIFICATES	6
	2.1 Authorized Share Structure	6
	2.2 Form of Share Certificate	6
	2.3 Shareholder Entitled to Share Certificate or Acknowledgement	6
	2.4 Delivery by Mail	7
	2.5 Replacement of Worn Out or Defaced Share Certificate or Acknowledgement	7
	2.6 Replacement of Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Share Certificate or Acknowledgement	7
	2.7 Splitting Share Certificates	7
	2.8 Share Certificate Fee	7
	2.9 Recognition of Trusts	7
	 	 
	3. ISSUE OF SHARES	7
	3.1 Directors Authorized	7
	3.2 Commissions and Discounts	8
	3.3 Brokerage	8
	3.4 Conditions of Issue	8
	3.5 Share Purchase Warrants and Rights	8
	 	 
	4. SECURITIES REGISTERS	8
	4.1 Central Securities Register	8
	4.2 Closing Register	9
	 	 
	5. SHARE TRANSFERS	9
	5.1 Registering Transfers	9
	5.2 Form of Instrument of Transfer	9
	5.3 Transferor Remains Shareholder	9
	5.4 Signing of Instrument of Transfer	9
	5.5 Enquiry as to Title Not Required	9
	5.6 Transfer Fee	10
	 	 
	6. TRANSMISSION OF SHARES	10
	6.1 Legal Personal Representative Recognized on Death	10
	6.2 Rights of Legal Personal Representative	10
	 	 
	7. PURCHASE OF SHARES	10
	7.1 Company Authorized to Purchase Shares	10


     

    

    
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    	7.2 Purchase When Insolvent	10
	7.3 Sale and Voting of Purchased Shares	10
	 	 
	8. BORROWING POWERS	11
	 	 
	9. ALTERATIONS	11
	9.1 Alteration of Authorized Share Structure	11
	9.2 Special Rights and Restrictions	11
	9.3 Change of Name	12
	9.4 Other Alterations	12
	 	 
	10. MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS	12
	10.1 Annual General Meetings	12
	10.2 Resolution Instead of Annual General Meeting	12
	10.3 Calling of Meetings of Shareholders	12
	10.4 Location of Meeting	12
	10.6 RECORD DATE FOR NOTICE	13
	10.7 Record Date for Voting	13
	10.8 Failure to Give Notice and Waiver of Notice	13
	10.9 Notice of Special Business at Meetings of Shareholders	13
	10.10 Meetings by Telephone or Other Communications Medium	13
	 	 
	11. PROCEEDINGS AT MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS	14
	11.1 Special Business	14
	11.2 Special Majority	14
	11.3 Quorum	14
	11.4 One Shareholder May Constitute Quorum	14
	11.5 Other Persons May Attend	15
	11.6 Requirement of Quorum	15
	11.7 Lack of Quorum	15
	11.8 Lack of Quorum at Succeeding Meeting	15
	11.9 Chair	15
	11.10 Selection of Alternate Chair	15
	11.11 Adjournments	15
	11.12 Notice of Adjourned Meeting	16
	11.13 Decision by Show of Hands or Poll	16
	11.14 Declaration of Result	16
	11.15 Motion Need Not be Seconded	16
	11.16 Casting Vote	16
	11.17 Manner of Taking Poll	16
	11.18 Demand for Poll on Adjournment	16
	11.19 Chair Must Resolve Dispute	17
	11.20 20 Casting of Votes	17
	11.21 Poll not Available in respect of Election of Chair	17
	11.22 Demand for Poll Not to Prevent Continuance of Meeting	17
	11.23 Retention of Ballots and Proxies	17
	 	 
	12. VOTES OF SHAREHOLDERS	17
	12.1 Number of Votes by Shareholder or by Shares	17
	12.2 Votes of Persons in Representative Capacity	17
	12.3 Votes by Joint Holders	17


    

    

    
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    	12.4 Legal Personal Representatives as Joint Shareholders	18
	12.5 Representative of a Corporate Shareholder	18
	12.6 Proxy Provisions do not Apply to Public Companies	18
	12.7 Appointment of Proxy Holders	18
	12.8 Alternate Proxy Holders	19
	12.9 When Proxy Holder Need Not be Shareholder	19
	12.10 Deposit of Proxy	19
	12.11 Validity of Proxy Vote	19
	12.12 Form of Proxy	19
	12.13 Revocation of Proxy	20
	12.14 Revocation of Proxy Must be Signed	20
	12.15 Production of Evidence of Authority to Vote	20
	 	 
	13. DIRECTORS	21
	13.1 First Directors; Number of Directors	21
	13.2 Change in Number of Directors	21
	13.3 Directors' Acts Valid Despite Vacancy	21
	13.4 Qualifications of Directors	21
	13.5 Remuneration of Directors	21
	13.6 Reimbursement of Expenses of Directors	21
	13.7 Special Remuneration for Directors	22
	13.8 Gratuity, Pension or Allowance on Retirement of Director	22
	 	 
	14. ELECTION AND REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS	22
	14.1 Election at Annual General Meeting	22
	14.2 Consent to be a Director	22
	14.3 Failure to Elect or Appoint Directors	22
	14.4 Places of Retiring Directors Not Filled	23
	14.5 Directors May Fill Casual Vacancies	23
	14.6 Remaining Directors Power to Act	23
	14.7 Shareholders May Fill Vacancies	23
	14.8 Additional Directors	23
	14.9 Ceasing to be a Director	24
	14.10 Removal of Director by Shareholders	24
	14.11 Removal of Director by Directors	24
	 	 
	15. ALTERNATE DIRECTORS	24
	15.1 Appointment of Alternate Director	24
	15.2 Notice of Meetings	24
	15.3 Alternate for More than One Director Attending Meetings	24
	15.4 Consent Resolutions	25
	15.5 Alternate Director Not an Agent	25
	15.6 Revocation of Appointment of Alternate Director	25
	15.7 Ceasing to be an Alternate Director	25
	15.8 Remuneration of Expenses of Alternate Director	25
	 	 
	16. POWERS AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS	25
	16.1 Powers of Management	25
	16.2 Appointment of Attorney of Company	26
	 	 
	17. DISCLOSURE OF INTEREST OF DIRECTORS	26


    

    

    
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    	17.1 Obligation to Account for Profits	26
	17.2 Restrictions on Voting by Reason of Interest	26
	17.3 Interested Director Counted in Quorum	26
	17.4 Disclosure of Conflict of Interest or Property	26
	17.5 Director Holding Other Office in the Company	26
	17.6 No Disqualification	26
	17.7 Professional Services by Director or Officer	27
	17.8 Director of Officer in Other Corporations	27
	 	 
	18. PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS	27
	18.1 Meetings of Directors	27
	18.2 Voting at Meetings	27
	18.3 Chair of Meetings	27
	18.4 Meetings by Telephone or Other Communications Medium	27
	18.5 Calling of Meetings	28
	18.6 Notice of Meetings	28
	18.7 When Notice not Required	28
	18.8 Meeting Valid Despite Failure to Give Notice	28
	18.9 Waiver of Notice of Meetings	28
	18.10 Quorum	28
	18.11 Validity of Acts Where Appointment Defective	28
	18.12 Consent Resolution in Writing	29
	 	 
	19. EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES	29
	19.1 Appointment and Powers of Executive Committee	29
	19.2 Appointment and Powers of Other Committees	29
	19.3 Obligations of Committees	30
	19.4 Powers of Board	30
	19.5 Committee Meetings	30
	 	 
	20. OFFICERS	30
	20.1 Directors May Appoint Officers	30
	20.2 Functions, Duties and Powers of Officers	30
	20.3 Qualifications	31
	20.4 20.4 Remuneration and Terms of Appointment	31
	 	 
	21. INDEMNIFICATION	31
	21.1 Definitions	31
	21.2 Mandatory Indemnification of Directors and Former Directors	31
	21.3 Indemnification of Other Persons	31
	21.4 Non-Compliance with Business Corporations Act	32
	21.5 Company May Purchase Insurance	32
	 	 
	22. DIVIDENDS	32
	22.1 Payment of Dividends Subject to Special Rights	32
	22.2 Declaration of Dividends	32
	22.3 No Notice Required	32
	22.4 Record Date	32
	22.5 Manner of Paying Dividend	32
	22.6 Settlement of Difficulties	33
	22.7 When Dividend Payable	33


    

    

    
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    	22.8 Dividends to be Paid in Accordance with Number of Shares	33
	22.9 Receipt by Joint Shareholders	33
	22.10 Dividend Bears No Interest	33
	22.11 Fractional Dividends	33
	22.12 Payment of Dividends	33
	22.13 Capitalization of Surplus	33
	 	 
	23. DOCUMENTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS	34
	23.1 Recording of Financial Affairs	34
	23.2 Inspection of Accounting Records	34
	 	 
	24. NOTICES	34
	24.1 Method of Giving Notice	34
	24.2 Deemed Receipt of Mailing	34
	24.3 Certificate of Sending	34
	24.4 Notice to Joint Shareholders	35
	24.5 Notice to Trustees	35
	 	 
	25. SEAL	35
	25.1 Who May Attest to Seal	35
	25.2 Sealing Copies	35
	25.3 Mechanical Reproduction of Seal	35
	 	 
	26. PROHIBITIONS	36
	26.1 Definitions	36
	26.2 Application	36
	26.3 Consent Required for Transfer of Shares or Designated Securities	36
	 	 
	27. Special Rights and Restrictions attached to Subordinate Voting Shares	37
	 	 
	28. Special Rights and Restrictions attached to Multiple Voting Shares	41
	 	 
	29. Special Rights and Restrictions attached to Proportionate Voting Shares	49
	 	 
	30. Advance Notice Provisions	55


    

    

    
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    1. INTERPRETATION

    1.1 Definitions

    In these articles, unless the context otherwise requires:

    (1) "board of directors", "directors" and "board" mean the directors or sole director of the Company for the time being;

    (2) "Business Corporations Act" means the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) from time to time in force and all amendments thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to the Act;

    (3) "Interpretation Act" means the Interpretation Act (British Columbia) from time to time in force and all amendments thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to the Act;

    (4) "legal personal representative" means the personal or other legal representative of the shareholder;

    (5) "registered address" of a shareholder means the shareholder's address as recorded in the central securities register;

    (6) "seal" means the seal of the Company;

    1.2 Business Corporations Act and Interpretation Act Definitions Applicable

    The definitions in the Business Corporations Act and the definitions and rules of construction in the Interpretation Act, with the necessary changes, and unless the context requires otherwise, apply to these Articles as if the Articles were an enactment. If there is a conflict between a definition in the Business Corporations Act and a definition or rule in the Interpretation Act relating to a term in these Articles, the definition in the Business Corporations Act will prevail in relation to the use of the term in these Articles. If there is a conflict between these Articles and the Business Corporations Act, the Business Corporations Act will prevail

    2. SHARES AND SHARE CERTIFICATES

    2.1 Authorized Share Structure

    The authorized share structure of the Company consists of shares of the class or classes and series, if any described in the Notice of Articles of the Company.

    2.2 Form of Share Certificate

    Each share certificate issued by the Company must comply with, and be signed as required by, the Business Corporations Act.

    2.3 Shareholder Entitled to Share Certificate or Acknowledgement

    Each shareholder is entitled, without charge, to (a) one share certificate representing the shares of each class or series of shares registered in the shareholder's name or (b) a non-transferable written acknowledgement of the shareholder's right to obtain such a share certificate, provided that in respect of a share held jointly by several persons, the Company is not bound to issue more than one share certificate and delivery of a share certificate or acknowledgment for a share to one of several joint shareholders or to one of the shareholders' duly authorized agents will be sufficient for delivery to all.

    

    
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    2.4 Delivery by Mail

    Any share certificate or non-transferable written acknowledgment of a shareholder's right to obtain a share certificate may be by mail at the shareholder's registered address and neither the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the Company is liable for any loss to the shareholder because the share certificate or acknowledgement is lost in the mail or stolen.

    2.5 Replacement of Worn Out or Defaced Share Certificate or Acknowledgement

    If the directors are satisfied that a share certificate or a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder's right to obtain a share certificate is worn out or defaced, the director must, on production of the share certificate or acknowledgement, as the case may be, and on such other terms, if any, as the directors think fit:

    (1) order the share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, to be cancelled; and

    (2) issue a replacement share certificate or acknowledgement, as the case may be.

    2.6 Replacement of Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Share Certificate or Acknowledgement

    If a share certificate or a non-transferable written acknowledgment of a shareholder's right to obtain a share certificate is lost, stolen or destroyed, a replacement share certificate or acknowledgement, as the case may be, must be issued to the person entitled to that share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, if the directors receive:

    (1) proof satisfactory to the directors that the share certificate or acknowledgement is lost, stolen or destroyed; and

    (2) any indemnity the directors consider adequate.

    2.7 Splitting Share Certificates

    If a shareholder surrenders a share certificate to the Company with a written request that the Company issue in the shareholder's name two or more share certificates, each representing a specified number of shares and in the aggregate representing the same number of shares as the share certificate so surrendered, the Company must cancel the surrendered share certificate and issue replacement share certificates in accordance with that request.

    2.8 Share Certificate Fee

    There must be paid to the Company, in relation to the issue of any share certificate under Articles 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, the amount, if any and which must not exceed the amount prescribed under the Business Corporations Act, determined by the directors.

    2.9 Recognition of Trusts

    Except as required by law or statute or these Articles, no person will be recognized by the Company as holding any share upon any trust, and the Company is not bound by or compelled in any way to recognize (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in any share or fraction of a share or (except as by law or statute or these Articles provided or as ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction) any other rights in respect of any share except an absolute right to the entirety thereof in the shareholder.

    3. ISSUE OF SHARES

    3.1 Directors Authorized

    Subject to the Business Corporations Act and the rights of the holders of issued shares of the Company, the Company may issue, allot, sell or otherwise dispose of the unissued shares, and issued shares held by the Company, at the times, to the persons, including directors, in the manner, on the terms and conditions and for the issue prices (including any premium at which shares with par value may be issued) that the directors may determine. The issue price for a share with par value must be equal to or greater than the par value of the share.

    

    
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    3.2 Commissions and Discounts

    The Company may at any time, pay a reasonable commission or allow a reasonable discount to any person in consideration of that person purchasing or agreeing to purchase shares of the Company from the Company or any other person or procuring or agreeing to procure purchasers for shares of the Company.

    3.3 Brokerage

    The Company may pay such brokerage fee or other consideration as may be lawful for or in connection with the sale or placement of its securities.

    3.4 Conditions of Issue

    Except as provided for by the Business Corporations Act, no share may be issued until it is fully paid. A share is fully paid when:

    (1) consideration is provided to the Company for the issue of the share by one or more of the following:

    (a) past services performed for the Company;

    (b) property;

    (c) money; and

    (2) the value of the consideration received by the Company equals or exceeds the issue price set for the share under Article 3.1.

    3.5 Share Purchase Warrants and Rights

    Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company may issue share purchase warrants, options and rights upon such terms and conditions as the directors determine, which share purchase warrants, options and rights may be issued alone or in conjunction with debentures, debenture stock, bonds, shares or any other securities issued or created by the Company from time to time.

    4. SECURITIES REGISTERS

    4.1 Central Securities Register

    As required by and subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company must maintain in British Columbia a central securities register. The directors may, subject to the Business Corporations Act, appoint an agent to maintain the central securities register. The directors may also appoint one or more agents, including the agent which keeps the central securities register, as transfer agent for its shares or any class or series of its shares, as the case may be, and the same or another agent as registrar for its shares or such class or series of its shares, as the case may be. The directors may terminate such appointment of any agent at any time and may appoint another agent in its place.

    

    
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    4.2 Closing Register

    The Company must not at any time close its central securities register.

    5. SHARE TRANSFERS

    5.1 Registering Transfers

    A transfer of a share of the Company must not be registered unless:

    (1) a duly signed instrument of transfer in respect of the share has been received by the Company;

    (2) if a share certificate has been issued by the Company in respect of the share to be transferred, that share certificate has been surrendered to the Company; and

    (3) if a non-transferable written acknowledgement of the shareholder's right to obtain a share certificate has been issued by the Company in respect of the share to be transferred, that acknowledgement has been surrendered to the Company;

    5.2 Form of Instrument of Transfer

    The instrument of transfer in respect of any share of the Company must be either in the form, if any, on the back of the Company's share certificates or in any other form that may be approved by the directors from time to time.

    5.3 Transferor Remains Shareholder

    Except to the extent that the Business Corporations Act otherwise provides, a transferor of shares is deemed to remain the holder of the shares until the name of the transferee is entered in a securities register of the Company in respect of the transfer.

    5.4 Signing of Instrument of Transfer

    If a shareholder, or his or her duly authorized attorney, signs an instrument of transfer in respect of shares registered in the name of the shareholder, the signed instrument of transfer constitutes a complete and sufficient authority to the Company and its directors, officers and agents to register the number of shares specified in the instrument of transfer or specified in any other manner, or, if no number is specified, all the shares represented by the share certificates or set out in the written acknowledgements deposited with the instrument of transfer:

    (1) in the name of the person named as transferee in that instrument of transfer; or

    (2) if no person is named as transferee in that instrument of transfer, in the name of the person on whose behalf the instrument is deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered.

    5.5 Enquiry as to Title Not Required

    Neither the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the Company is bound to inquire into title of the person named in the instrument of transfer as transferee or, if no person is named as transferee in the instrument of transfer, of the person on whose behalf the instrument is deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered or is liable for any claim related to registering the transfer by the shareholder or by any intermediate owner or holder of the shares, of any interest in the shares, of any share certificate representing such shares or of any written acknowledgement of a right to obtain a share certificate for such shares.

    

    
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    5.6 Transfer Fee

    There must be paid to the Company, in relation to the registration of any transfer, the amount, if any, determined by the directors.

    6. TRANSMISSION OF SHARES

    6.1 Legal Personal Representative Recognized on Death

    In the case of the death of a shareholder, the legal personal representative, or if the shareholder was a joint holder, the surviving joint holder, will be the only person recognized by the Company as having any title to the shareholder's interest in the shares. Before recognizing a person as a legal personal representative, the director may require proof of appointment by a court of competent jurisdiction, a grant of letters probate, letters of administration or such other evidence or documents as the directors consider appropriate.

    6.2 Rights of Legal Personal Representative

    The legal personal representative of a shareholder has the same rights, privileges and obligations that attach to the shares held by the shareholder, including the right to transfer the shares in accordance with these Articles, provided the documents required by the Business Corporations Act and the directors have been deposited with the Company.

    7. PURCHASE OF SHARES

    7.1 Company Authorized to Purchase Shares

    Subject to Article 7.2, the special rights and restrictions attached to the share of any class or series and the Business Corporations Act, the Company may, if authorized by the directors, purchase or otherwise acquire any of its shares at the price and upon the terms specified in such resolution.

    7.2 Purchase When Insolvent

    The Company must not make a payment or provide any other consideration to purchase or otherwise acquire any of its shares if there are reasonable grounds for believing that:

    (1) the Company is insolvent; or

    (2) making the payment or providing the consideration would render the Company insolvent.

    7.3 Sale and Voting of Purchased Shares

    If the Company retains a share redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired by it, the Company may sell, gift or otherwise dispose of the share, but, while such share is held by the Company, it:

    (1) is not entitled to vote the share at a meeting of its shareholders;

    (2) must not pay a dividend in respect of the share; and

    (3) must not make any other distribution in respect of the share.

    

    
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    8. BORROWING POWERS

    The Company, if authorized by the directors, may:

    (1) borrow money in the manner and amount, on the security, from the sources and on the terms and conditions that the directors consider appropriate;

    (2) issue bonds, debentures and other debt obligations either outright or as security for any liability or obligation of the Company or any other person and at such discounts or premiums and on such other terms as the directors consider appropriate;

    (3) guarantee the repayment of money by any other person or the performance of any obligation of any other person; and

    (4) mortgage, charge, whether by way of specific or floating charge, grant a security interest in, or give other security on, the whole or any part of the present and future assets and undertaking of the Company.

    9. ALTERATIONS

    9.1 Alteration of Authorized Share Structure

    Subject to Article 9.2 and the Business Corporations Act, the Company may by ordinary resolution:

    (1) create one or more classes or series of shares or, if none of the shares of a class or series of shares are allotted or issued, eliminate that class or series of shares;

    (2) increase, reduce or eliminate the maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares or establish a maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares for which no maximum is established;

    (3) subdivide or consolidate all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares;

    (4) if the Company is authorized to issue shares of a class of shares with par value:

    (a) decrease the par value of those shares; or

    (b) if none of the shares of that class of shares are allotted or issued, increase the par value of those shares;

    (5) change all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares with par value into shares without par value or any of its unissued shares without par value into shares with par value;

    (6) alter the identifying name of any of its shares; or

    (7) otherwise alter its shares or authorized share structure when required or permitted to do so by the Business Corporations Act.

    9.2 Special Rights and Restrictions

    The Company may be special resolution:

    

    
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    (1) create special rights or restrictions for, and attach those special rights or restrictions to, the shares of any class or series of shares, whether or not any or all of those shares have been issued; or

    (2) vary or delete any special rights or restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series of shares, whether or not any or all of those shares have been issued.

    9.3 Change of Name

    The Company may by directors' resolution or ordinary resolution authorize an alteration of its Notice of Articles in order to change its name.

    9.4 Other Alterations

    If the Business Corporations Act does not specify the type of resolution and these Articles do not specify another type of resolution, the Company may by ordinary resolution alter these Articles.

    10. MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

    10.1 Annual General Meetings

    Unless an annual general meeting is deferred or waived in accordance with the Business Corporations Act, the Company must hold its first annual general meeting within 18 months after the date on which it was incorporated or otherwise recognized, and after that must hold an annual general meeting at least once in each calendar year and not more than 15 months after the last annual reference date at such time and place as may be determined by the directors.

    10.2 Resolution Instead of Annual General Meeting

    If all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting consent by a unanimous resolution to all of the business that is required to be transacted at that annual general meeting, the annual general meeting is deemed to have been held on the date of the unanimous resolution. The shareholders must, in any unanimous resolution passed under this Article 10.2, select as the Company's annual reference date, a date that would be appropriate for the holding of the applicable annual general meeting.

    10.3 Calling of Meetings of Shareholders

    The directors may, whenever the directors think fit, call a meeting of shareholders.

    10.4 Location of Meeting

    A general meeting of the Company may be held anywhere in North America, as determined by the directors.

    10.5 Notice of Meeting of Shareholders

    The Company must send notice of the date, time and location of any meeting of shareholders, in the manner provided in these Articles, or in such other manner, if any, as may be prescribed by ordinary resolution (whether previous notice of the resolution has been given or not), to each shareholder entitled to attend the meeting, to each director of the Company, unless these Articles otherwise provide, at least the following number of days before the meeting:

    

    
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    (1) if and for so long as the Company is a public company, twenty-one days;

    (2) otherwise, ten days.

    10.6 Record Date for Notice

    The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting of shareholders. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by more than two months or, in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders under the Business Corporations Act, by more than four months. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is held by fewer than:

    (1) if and for so long as the Company is a public company, twenty-one days;

    (2) otherwise ten days.

    10.7 Record Date for Voting

    The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by more than two months, or, in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders under the Business Corporations Act, by more than four months. If no record date is set, the record date is 5:00 p.m. on the date immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or, if no notice is sent, the beginning of the meeting.

    10.8 Failure to Give Notice and Waiver of Notice

    The accidental omission to send notice of any meeting of shareholders to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any of the persons entitled to notice does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting. Any persons entitled to notice of a meeting of shareholders may, in writing or otherwise, waive or reduce the period of notice of such meeting.

    10.9 Notice of Special Business at Meetings of Shareholders

    If a meeting of shareholders is to consider special business within the meaning of Article 11.1, the notice of meeting must:

    (1) state the general nature of the special business; and

    (2) if the special business includes considering, approving, ratifying, adopting or authorizing any document or the signing of or giving of effect to any document, have attached to it a copy of the document or state that a copy of the document will be available for inspection by shareholders:

    (a) at the Company's records office, or at such other reasonably accessible location in British Columbia as is specified in the notice; and

    (b) during statutory business hours on any one or more specified days before the day set for the holding of the meeting.

    10.10 Meetings by Telephone or Other Communications Medium

    A shareholder may participate in a meeting of the shareholders in person or by telephone, if all shareholders participating in the meeting, whether in person or by telephone or other communications medium, are able to communicate with each other and if all shareholders who wish to participate in the meeting agree to such participation. A shareholder who participates in a meeting in a manner contemplated by this Article 10.10 is deemed for all purposes of the Business Corporations Act and these Articles to be present at the meeting and to have agreed to participate in that manner,

    

    
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    11. PROCEEDINGS AT MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

    11.1 Special Business

    At a meeting of shareholders, the following business is special business:

    (1) at a meeting of shareholders that is not an annual general meeting, all business is special business except business relating to the conduct of or voting at the meeting;

    (2) at an annual general meeting, all business is special business except for the following:

    (a) business relating to the conduct of or voting at the meeting;

    (b) consideration of any financial statements of the Company presented to the meeting;

    (c) consideration of any reports of the directors or auditor;

    (d) the setting or changing of the number of directors;

    (e) the election or appointment of directors;

    (f) the appointment of an auditor;

    (g) the setting of the remuneration of an auditor;

    (h) business arising out of a report of the directors not requiring the passing of a special resolution or an exceptional resolution;

    (i) any other business which, under these Articles or the Business Corporations Act, may be transacted at a meeting of shareholders without prior notice of the business being given to the shareholders.

    11.2 Special Majority

    The majority of votes required for the Company to pass a special resolution at a meeting of shareholders is two-thirds, of the votes cast on the resolution.

    11.3 Quorum

    Subject to the special rights and restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series of shares, the quorum for the transaction of business at a meeting of shareholders is two persons who are, or represent by proxy, shareholders holding, in the aggregate, at least five percent of the issued shares entitled to be voted at the meeting.

    11.4 One Shareholder May Constitute Quorum

    If there is only one shareholder entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders:

    (1) the quorum is one person who is, or who represents by proxy, that shareholder, and

    (2) that shareholder, present in person or by proxy, may constitute the meeting.

    

    
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    11.5 Other Persons May Attend

    The directors, the president (if any), the secretary (if any), the assistant secretary (if any), the auditor of the Company and any other persons invited by the directors are entitled to attend any meeting of shareholders, but if any of those persons does attend a meeting of shareholders, that person is not to be counted in the quorum and is not entitled to vote at the meeting unless that person is a shareholder or proxy holder entitled to vote at the meeting.

    11.6 Requirement of Quorum

    No business, other than the election of a chair of the meeting and the adjournment of the meeting, may be transacted at any meeting of shareholders unless a quorum of shareholders entitled to vote is present at the commencement of the meeting, but such quorum need not be present throughout the meeting.

    11.7 Lack of Quorum

    If, within 1/2 hour from the time set for the holding of a meeting of shareholders, a quorum is not present:

    (1) in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders, the meeting is dissolved, and

    (2) in the case of any other meeting of shareholders, the meeting stands adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time and place.

    11.8 Lack of Quorum at Succeeding Meeting

    If, at the meeting to which the meeting referred to in Article 11.8(2) was adjourned, a quorum is not present within 1/2 hour from the time set for the holding of the meeting, the person or persons present and being, or representing by proxy, one or more shareholders entitled to attend and vote at the meeting constitute a quorum.

    11.9 Chair

    The following individual is entitled to preside as chair at a meeting of shareholders:

    (1) the chair of the board, if any; or

    (2) if the chair of the board is absent or unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, the president, if any.

    11.10 Selection of Alternate Chair

    If, at any meeting of shareholders, there is no chair of the board or president present within fifteen minutes after the time set for holding the meeting, or if the chair of the board and the president have advised the secretary, if any, or any director present at the meeting, that the chair of the board and the president will not be present at the meeting, the directors present must choose one of their number to be chair of the meeting or if all of the directors present decline to take the chair or fail to so choose or if no director is present, the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting who are present in person or by proxy may choose any person present at the meeting to chair the meeting.

    11.11 Adjournments

    The chair of a meeting of shareholders may, and if so directed by the meeting must, adjourn the meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business may be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

    

    
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    11.12 Notice of Adjourned Meeting

    It is not necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting of shareholders except that, when a meeting is adjourned for thirty days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting must be given as in the case of the original meeting.

    11.13 Decision by Show of Hands or Poll

    Every motion put to a vote at a meeting of shareholders will be decided on a show of hand unless a poll, before or on the declaration of the result of the vote by show of hands, is directed by the chair or demanded by at least one shareholder entitled to vote who is present in person or by proxy.

    11.14 Declaration of Result

    The chair of a meeting of shareholders must declare to the meeting the decision on every question in accordance with the result of the show of hands or the poll, as the case may be, and that decision must be entered in the minutes of the meeting. A declaration of the chair that a resolution is carried by the necessary majority or is defeated is, unless a poll is directed by the chair or demanded under Article 11.13, conclusive evidence without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against the resolution.

    11.15 Motion Need Not be Seconded

    No motion proposed at a meeting of shareholders need be seconded unless the chair of the meeting rules otherwise, and the chair of any meeting of shareholders is entitled to propose or second a motion.

    11.16 Casting Vote

    In case of an equality of votes, the chair of a meeting of shareholders does not, either on a show of hands or on a poll, have a second or casting vote in addition to the vote or votes to which the chair may be entitled as a shareholder.

    11.17 Manner of Taking Poll

    Subject to Article 11.19, if a poll is duly demanded at a meeting of shareholders:

    (1) the poll must be taken:

    (a) at the meeting, or within seven days after the date of the meeting, as the chair of the meeting directs; and

    (b) in the manner, at the time and at the place that the chair of the meeting directs.

    (2) the result of the poll is deemed to be the decision of the meeting at which the poll is demanded; and

    (3) the demand for the poll may be withdrawn by the person who demanded it.

    11.18 Demand for Poll on Adjournment

    A poll demanded at a meeting of shareholders on a question of adjournment must be taken immediately at the meeting.

    

    
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    11.19 Chair Must Resolve Dispute

    In the case of any dispute as to the admission or rejection of a vote given on a poll, the chair of a meeting of the shareholders must determine the dispute, and his or her determination made in good faith is final and conclusive.

    11.20 20 Casting of Votes

    On a poll, a shareholder is not entitled to more than one vote by which a chair of a meeting of shareholders is elected.

    11.21 Poll not Available in respect of Election of Chair

    No poll may be demanded in respect of the vote by which a chair of a meeting of shareholders is elected.

    11.22 Demand for Poll Not to Prevent Continuance of Meeting

    The demand for a poll at a meeting of shareholders does not, unless the chair of the meeting so rules, prevent the continuation of a meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which a poll has been demanded.

    11.23 Retention of Ballots and Proxies

    The Company must, for at least three months after a meeting of shareholders, keep each ballot cast on a poll and each proxy at the meeting, and, during that period, make such ballots and proxies available for inspection during normal business hours by any shareholder or proxyholder entitled to vote at the meeting. At the end of such three-month period, the Company may destroy such ballots and proxies.

    12. VOTES OF SHAREHOLDERS

    12.1 Number of Votes by Shareholder or by Shares

    Subject to any special rights or restrictions attached to any shares and to the restrictions imposed on joint shareholders under Article 12.3:

    (1) on a vote by show of hands, every person present who is a shareholder or proxy holder and entitled to vote on the matter has one vote; and

    (2) on a poll, every shareholder entitled to vote on the matter has one vote in respect of each share entitled to be voted on the matter and held by that shareholder and may exercise that vote either in person or by proxy.

    12.2 Votes of Persons in Representative Capacity

    A person who is not a shareholder may vote at a meeting of shareholders, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, and may appoint a proxy holder to act at the meeting, if, before doing so, the person satisfies the chair of the meeting, or the directors, that the person is a legal personal representative or a trustee in bankruptcy for a shareholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting.

    12.3 Votes by Joint Holders

    If there are joint shareholders registered in respect of any share:

    

    
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    (1) any one of the joint shareholders may vote at any meeting of shareholders, either personally or by proxy, in respect of the share as if that joint shareholder were solely entitled to it; or

    (2) if more than one of the joint shareholders is present at any meeting of shareholders, personally or by proxy, and more than one of the joint shareholders votes in respect of that share, then only the vote of the joint shareholder present whose name stands first in the central securities register in respect of the share will be counted.

    12.4 Legal Personal Representatives as Joint Shareholders

    Two or more legal personal representatives of a shareholder in whose sole name any share is registered are, for the purposes of Article 12.3, deemed to be joint shareholders.

    12.5 Representative of a Corporate Shareholder

    If a corporation, that is not a subsidiary of the Company, is a shareholder, that corporation may appoint a person to act as its representative at any meeting of shareholders of the Company, and:

    (1) for that purpose, the instrument appointing a representative must:

    (a) be received at the registered office of the Company or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the notice for the receipt of proxies, or if no number of days is specified, two business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting; or

    (b) be provided at the meeting, to the chair of the meeting or to a person designated by the chair of the meeting.

    (2) if a representative is appointed under this Article 12.5:

    (a) the representative is entitled to exercise in respect of and at that meeting the same rights on behalf of the corporation that the representative represents as that corporation could exercise if it were a shareholder who is an individual, including, without limitation, the right to appoint a proxy holder; and

    (b) the representative, if present at the meeting, is to be counted for the purpose of forming a quorum and is deemed to be a shareholder present in person at the meeting.

    Evidence of the appointment of any such representative may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages.

    12.6 Proxy Provisions do not Apply to Public Companies

    Articles 12.7 to 12.15 do not apply to the Company if and for so long as it is a public company or pre-existing reporting company which has the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as part of its articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply.

    12.7 Appointment of Proxy Holders

    Every shareholder of the Company, including a corporation that is a shareholder but not a subsidiary of the Company, entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders of the Company may, by proxy, appoint one or more (but not more than five) proxy holders to attend and act at the meeting in the manner, to the extent and with the powers conferred by the proxy.

    

    
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    12.8 Alternate Proxy Holders

    A shareholder may appoint one or more proxy holders to act in the place of an absent proxy holder.

    12.9 When Proxy Holder Need Not be Shareholder

    A person must not be appointed as proxy holder unless the person is a shareholder, although a person who is not a shareholder may be appointed as a proxy holder if:

    (1) the person appointing the proxy holder is a corporation or a representative of a corporation appointed under Article 12.5;

    (2) the Company has at the time of the meeting for which the proxy holder is to be appointed only one shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting; or

    (3) the shareholders present in person or by proxy at and entitled to vote at the meeting for which the proxy holder is to be appointed, by a resolution on which the proxy holder is not entitled to vote but in respect of which the proxy holder is to be counted in the quorum, permit the proxy holder to attend and vote at the meeting.

    12.10 Deposit of Proxy

    A proxy for a meeting of shareholders must:

    (1) be received at the registered office of the Company or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the notice, or if no number of days is specified, two business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting; or

    (2) unless the notice provides otherwise, be provided, at the meeting, to the chair of the meeting or to a person designated by the chair of the meeting.

    A proxy may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages.

    12.11 Validity of Proxy Vote

    A vote given in accordance with the terms of a proxy is valid notwithstanding the death or incapacity of the shareholder giving the proxy and despite the revocation of the proxy or the revocation of the authority under which the proxy is given, unless notice in writing of that death, incapacity or revocation is received:

    (1) at the registered office of the Company, at any time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding of the meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or

    (2) by the chair of the meeting, before the vote is taken.

    12.12 Form of Proxy

    A proxy, whether for a specified meeting or otherwise, must be either in the following form or in any other form approved by the directors or the chair of the meeting:

    

    
        - 20 -

    

    [name of the company] 

    (the "Company")

    The undersigned, being a shareholder of the Company, hereby appoint [name] or, failing that person, [name], as proxy holder for the undersigned to attend, act and vote for and on behalf of the undersigned at the meeting of shareholders of the Company to be held on [month, day, year] and at any adjournment of that meeting.

    Number of shares in respect of which this proxy is given (if no number is specified, then this proxy if given in respect of all shares registered in the name of the shareholder):_____________________________________________

    
        	Signed [month, day, year]
	 
	Signature of shareholder
	 
	 
	Name of shareholder - [printed]


    

    12.13 Revocation of Proxy

    Subject to Article 12.14, every proxy may be revoked by an instrument in writing that is:

    (1) received at the registered office of the Company at any time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding of the meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or

    (2) provided, at the meeting, to the chair of the meeting.

    12.14 Revocation of Proxy Must be Signed

    An instrument referred to in Article 12.13 must be signed as follows:

    (1) if the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed is an individual, the instrument must be signed by the shareholder or his or her legal personal representative or trustee in bankruptcy;

    (2) if the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed is a corporation, the instrument must be signed by

    the corporation or by a representative appointed for the corporation under Article 12.5.

    12.15 Production of Evidence of Authority to Vote

    The chair of any meeting of shareholders may, but need not, inquire into the authority of any person to vote at the meeting and may, but need not, demand from that person production of evidence as to the existence of the authority to vote.

    

    
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    13. DIRECTORS

    13.1 First Directors; Number of Directors

    The first directors are the persons designated as directors of the Company in the Notice of Articles that applies to the Company when it is recognized under the Business Corporations Act. The number of directors, excluding additional directors appointed under Article 14.8, is set at:

    (1) subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the number of directors that is equal to the number of the Company's first directors;

    (2) if the Company is a public company, the greater of three and the most recently set of:

    (a) the number of directors set by ordinary resolution (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and

    (b) the number of directors set under Article 14.4;

    (3) if the Company is not a public company, the most recently set of:

    (a) the number of directors set by ordinary resolution (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and

    (b) the number of directors set under Article 14.4;

    13.2 Change in Number of Directors

    If the number of directors is set under Articles 13.1(2)(a) or 13.1(3)(a):

    (1) the shareholders may elect or appoint the directors needed to fill any vacancies in the board of directors up to that number;

    (2) if the shareholders do not elect or appoint the directors needed to fill any vacancies in the board of directors up to that number contemporaneously with the setting of that number, then the directors may appoint, or the shareholders may elect or appoint, directors to fill those vacancies.

    13.3 Directors' Acts Valid Despite Vacancy

    An act or proceeding of the directors is not invalid merely because fewer than the number of directors set or otherwise required under these Articles is in office.

    13.4 Qualifications of Directors

    A director is not required to hold a share in the capital of the Company as qualification for his or her office but must be qualified as required by the Business Corporations Act to become, act or continue to act as a director.

    13.5 Remuneration of Directors

    The directors are entitled to the remuneration for acting as directors, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine. If the directors so decide, the remuneration of the directors, if any, will be determined by the shareholders. That remuneration may be in addition to any salary or other remuneration paid to any officer or employee of the Company as such, who is also a director.

    13.6 Reimbursement of Expenses of Directors

    The Company must reimburse each director for the reasonable expenses that he or she may incur in and about the business of the Company.

    

    
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    13.7 Special Remuneration for Directors

    If any director performs any professional or other services for the Company that in the opinion of the directors are outside the ordinary duties of a director, or if any director is otherwise specially occupied in or about the Company's business, he or she may be paid remuneration fixed by the directors, or, at the option of that director, fixed by ordinary resolution, and such remuneration may be either in addition to, or in substitution for, any other remuneration that he or she may be entitled to receive.

    13.8 Gratuity, Pension or Allowance on Retirement of Director

    Unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, the directors on behalf of the Company may pay a gratuity or pension or allowance on retirement to any director who held any salaried office or place of profit with the Company or to his or her spouse or dependants and may make contributions to any fund and pay premium for the purchase or provision of any such gratuity, pension or allowance.

    14. ELECTION AND REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS

    14.1 Election at Annual General Meeting

    At every annual general meeting and in every unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2:

    (1) the shareholders entitled to vote at the annual general meeting for the election of directors must elect, or in the unanimous resolution appoint, a board of directors consisting of the number of directors for the time being set under these Articles; and

    (2) all the directors cease to hold office immediately before the election or appointment of directors under paragraph (1), but are eligible for re-election or re-appointment.

    14.2 Consent to be a Director

    No election, appointment or designation of an individual as a director is valid unless:

    (1) that individual consents to be a director in the manner provided for in the Business Corporations Act;

    (2) that individual is elected or appointed at a meeting at which the individual does not refuse, at the meeting, to be a director; or

    (3) with respect to first directors, the designation is otherwise valid under the Business Corporations Act.

    14.3 Failure to Elect or Appoint Directors

    If:

    (1) the Company fails to hold an annual general meeting, and all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting fail to pass the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, on or before the date by which the annual general meeting is required to be held under the Business Corporations Act; or

    

    
        - 23 -

    

    (2) the shareholders fail, at the annual general meeting or in the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, to elect or appoint any directors.

    (3) then each of the directors then in office continues to hold office until the earlier of:

    (4) the date on which his or her successor is elected or appointed; and

    (5) the date on which he or she otherwise ceases to hold office under the Business Corporations Act or these Articles.

    14.4 Places of Retiring Directors Not Filled

    If, at any meeting of shareholders at which there should be an election of directors, the places of any of the retiring directors are not filled by that election, those retiring directors who are not re- elected and who are asked by the newly elected directors to continue in office will, if willing to do so, continue in office to complete the number of directors for the time being set pursuant to these Articles until further new directors are elected at a meeting of shareholders convened for that purpose. If any such election or continuance of directors does not result in the election or continuance of the number of directors for the time being set pursuant to these Article, the number of directors of the Company is deemed to be set at the number of directors actually elected or continued in office.

    14.5 Directors May Fill Casual Vacancies

    Any casual vacancy occurring in the board of directors may be filled by the directors.

    14.6 Remaining Directors Power to Act

    The directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in the board of directors, but if the Company has fewer directors in office than the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, the directors may only act for the purpose of appointing directors up to that number or of summoning a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of filling any vacancies on the board of directors or, subject to the Business Corporations Act, for any other purpose.

    14.7 Shareholders May Fill Vacancies

    If the Company has no directors or fewer directors in office than the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, the shareholders may elect or appoint directors to fill any vacancies on the board of directors.

    14.8 Additional Directors

    Notwithstanding Article 13.1 and 13.2, between annual general meetings or unanimous resolutions, contemplated by Article 10.2, the directors may appoint one or more additional directors, but the number of additional directors appointed under this Article 14.8 must not at any time exceed:

    (1) one-third of the number of first directors, if, at the time of the appointments, one or more of the first directors have not yet completed their first term of office; or

    (2) in any other case, one-third of the number of the current directors who were elected or appointed as directors other than pursuant to this Article 14.8.

    Any director so appointed ceases to hold office immediately before the next election or appointment of directors under Article 14.1(1), but is eligible for re-election or re-appointment.

    

    
        - 24 -

    

    14.9 Ceasing to be a Director

    A director ceases to be a director when:

    (1) the term of office of the director expires;

    (2) the director dies;

    (3) the director resigns as a director by notice in writing provided to the Company or a lawyer for the Company; or

    (4) the director is removed from office pursuant to Articles 14.10 or 14.11.

    14.10 Removal of Director by Shareholders

    The Company may remove any director before the expiration of his or her term of office by ordinary resolution. In that event, the shareholders may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill the resulting vacancy. If the shareholders do not elect or appoint a director to fill the resulting vacancy contemporaneously with the removal, then the directors may appoint or the shareholders may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill that vacancy.

    14.11 Removal of Director by Directors

    The directors may remove any director before the expiration of his or her term of office if the director is convicted of an indictable offence, or if the director ceases to be qualified to act as a director of a company and does not promptly resign, and the directors may appoint a director to fill the resulting vacancy.

    15. ALTERNATE DIRECTORS

    15.1 Appointment of Alternate Director

    Any director (an "appointor") may by notice in writing received by the Company appoint any person (an "appointee") who is qualified to act as a director to be his or her alternate to act in his or her place at meetings of the directors or committees of the directors at which the appointor is not present unless (in the case of an appointee who is not a director) the directors have reasonably disapproved the appointment of such person as an alternate director and have given notice to that effect to his or her appointor within a reasonable time after the notice of appointment is received by the Company.

    15.2 Notice of Meetings

    Every alternate director so appointed is entitled to notice of meetings of the directors and of committees of the directors of which his or her appointor is a member and to attend and vote as a director at any such meetings at which his or her appointor is not present.

    15.3 Alternate for More than One Director Attending Meetings

    A person may be appointed as an alternate director by more than one director, and an alternate director:

    (1) will be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting of directors once for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of an appointee who is also a director, once more in that capacity;

    

    
        - 25 -

    

    (2) has a separate vote at a meeting of directors for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of an appointee who is also a director, an additional vote in that capacity;

    (3) will be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting of a committee of directors once for each of his or her appointors who is a member of that committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that committee as a director, once more in that capacity;

    (4) has a separate vote at a meeting of a committee of directors for each of his or her appointors who is a member of that committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that committee as a director, an additional vote in that capacity.

    15.4 Consent Resolutions

    Every alternate director, if authorized by the notice appointing him or her, may sign in place of his or her appointor any resolutions to be consented to in writing.

    15.5 Alternate Director Not an Agent

    Every alternate director is deemed not to be the agent of his or her appointor.

    15.6 Revocation of Appointment of Alternate Director

    An appointor may at any time, by notice in writing received by the Company, revoke the appointment of an alternate director appointed by him or her.

    15.7 Ceasing to be an Alternate Director

    The appointment of an alternate director ceases when:

    (1) his or her appointor ceases to be a director and is not promptly re-elected or re-appointed;

    (2) the alternate director dies;

    (3) the alternate director resigns as an alternate director by notice in writing provided to the Company or a lawyer for the Company;

    (4) the alternate director ceases to be qualified to act as a director; or

    (5) his or her appointor revokes the appointment of the alternate director.

    15.8 Remuneration of Expenses of Alternate Director

    The Company may reimburse an alternate director for the reasonable expenses that would be properly reimbursed if he or she were a director, and the alternate director is entitled to receive from the Company, such proportion, if any, of the remuneration otherwise payable to the appointor as the appointor may from time to time direct.

    16. POWERS AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS

    16.1 Powers of Management

    The directors, must, subject to the Business Corporations Act and these Articles, manage or supervise the management of the business and affairs of the Company and have the authority to exercise all such powers of the Company as are not, by the Business Corporations Act or by these Articles, required to be exercised by the shareholders of the Company.

    

    
        - 26 -

    

    16.2 Appointment of Attorney of Company

    The directors may from time to time, by power of attorney or other instrument, under seal if so required by law, appoint any person to be the attorney of the Company for such purposes, and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the directors under these Articles and excepting the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors, to remove a director, to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors, to appoint or remove officers appointed by the directors and to declare dividends) and for such period, and with such remuneration and subject to such conditions as the directors may think fit. Any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection or convenience of persons dealing with such attorney as the directors think fit. Any such attorney may be authorized by the directors to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in him or her.

    17. DISCLOSURE OF INTEREST OF DIRECTORS

    17.1 Obligation to Account for Profits

    A director or senior officer who holds a disclosable interest (as that term is defined in the Business Corporations Act) in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is liable to account to the Company for any profit that accrues to the director or senior officer under or as a result of the contract or transaction only if and to the extent provided in the Business Corporations Act.

    17.2 Restrictions on Voting by Reason of Interest

    A director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is not entitled to vote on any directors' resolution to approve that contract or transaction, unless all the directors have disclosable interest in that contract or transaction, in which case any or all of those directors may vote on such resolution.

    17.3 Interested Director Counted in Quorum

    A director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter and who is present at the meeting of directors at which the contract or transaction is considered for approval may be counted in the quorum at the meeting whether or not the director votes on any or all of the resolutions considered at the meeting.

    17.4 Disclosure of Conflict of Interest or Property

    A director or senior officer who holds any office or possesses any property, right or interest that could result directly or indirectly, in the creation of a duty or interest that materially conflicts with that individual's duty or interest as a director or senior officer, must disclose the nature and extent of the conflict as required by the Business Corporations Act.

    17.5 Director Holding Other Office in the Company

    A director may hold any office or place of profit with the Company, other than the office of auditor of the Company, in addition to his or her office of director for the period and on the terms (as to remuneration or otherwise) that the directors may determine.

    17.6 No Disqualification

    No director or intended director is disqualified by his or her office from contracting with the Company either with regard to the holding of any office or place of profit the director holds with the Company or as vendor, purchaser or otherwise, and no contract or transaction entered into by or on behalf of the Company in which a director is in any way interested is liable to be voided for that reason.

    

    
        - 27 -

    

    17.7 Professional Services by Director or Officer

    Subject to the Business Corporations Act, a director or officer, or any person in which a director or officer has an interest, may act in a professional capacity for the Company, except as auditor of the Company, and the director or officer or such person is entitled to remuneration for professional services as if that director or officer were not a director or officer.

    17.8 Director of Officer in Other Corporations

    A director or officer may be or become a director, officer or employee of, or otherwise interested in, any person in which the Company may be interested as a shareholder or otherwise, and subject to the Business Corporations Act, the director or officer is not accountable to the Company for any remuneration or other benefits received by him or her as director, officer or employee of, or from his or her interest in, such other person.

    18. PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS

    18.1 Meetings of Directors

    The directors may meet together for the conduct of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate their meetings as they think fit, and meetings of the directors held at regular intervals may be held at the place, at the time and on the notice, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine.

    18.2 Voting at Meetings

    Questions arising at any meeting of directors are to be decided by a majority of votes and, in the case of an equality of votes, the chair of the meeting does not have a second or casting vote.

    18.3 Chair of Meetings

    The following individual is entitled to preside as chair at a meeting of directors:

    (1) the chair of the board, if any;

    (2) in the absence of the chair of the board, the president, if any, if the president is a director; or

    (3) any other director chosen by the directors if:

    (a) neither the chair of the board nor the president, if a director, is present at the meeting within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the meeting;

    (b) neither the chair of the board nor the president, if a director, is willing to chair the meeting; or

    (c) the chair of the board and the president, if a director, have advised the secretary, if any, or any other director, that they will not be present at the meeting;

    18.4 Meetings by Telephone or Other Communications Medium

    A director may participate in a meeting of the directors or of any committee of the directors by a communications medium other than telephone if all directors participating in the meeting, whether in person or by telephone or other communications medium, are able to communicate with each other and if all directors who wish to participate in the meeting agree to such participation. A director who participates in a meeting in a manner contemplated by this Article 18.4 is deemed for all purposes of the Business Corporations Act and these Articles to be present at the meeting and to have agreed to participate in that manner,

    

    
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    18.5 Calling of Meetings

    A director may, and the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company if any, on the request of a director must, call a meeting of the directors at any time.

    18.6 Notice of Meetings

    Other than for meetings held at regular intervals as determined by the directors pursuant to Article 18.1, reasonable notice of each meeting of the directors, specifying the place, day and time of that meeting must be given to each of the directors and the alternate directors by any method set out in Article 24.1 or orally or by telephone.

    18.7 When Notice not Required

    It is not necessary to give notice of a meeting of the directors to a director or an alternate director if:

    (1) the meeting is to be held immediately following a meeting of shareholders at which that director was elected or appointed, or is the meeting of the directors at which that director is appointed; or

    (2) the director or alternate director, as the case may be, has waived notice of the meeting.

    18.8 Meeting Valid Despite Failure to Give Notice

    The accidental omission to give notice of any meeting of directors to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any director or alternate director, does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting.

    18.9 Waiver of Notice of Meetings

    Any director or alternate director may send to the Company a document signed by him or her waiving notice of any past, present or future meeting or meetings of the directors and may at any time withdraw that waiver with respect to meetings held after that withdrawal. After sending a waiver with respect to all future meetings and until that waiver is withdrawn, no notice of any meeting of the directors need be given to that director and, unless the director otherwise requires by notice in writing to the Company, to his or her alternate director, and all meetings of the directors so held are deemed not to be improperly called or constituted by reason of notice not having been given to such director or alternate director.

    18.10 Quorum

    The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the directors may be set by the directors and, if not so set, is deemed to be set at two directors or, if the number of directors is set at one, is deemed to be set at one director, and that director may constitute a meeting.

    18.11 Validity of Acts Where Appointment Defective

    Subject to the Business Corporations Act, an act of a director or officer is not invalid merely because of an irregularity in the election or appointment or a defect in the qualification of that director or officer.
     

    

    
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    18.12 Consent Resolution in Writing

    A resolution of the directors or of any committee of the directors consented to in writing by all of the directors entitled to vote on it, whether by signed document, fax, email or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages, is as valid and effective as if it had been passed at a meeting of the directors or of the committee of the directors duly called and held. Such resolution may be in two or more counterparts which together are deemed to constitute one resolution in writing. A resolution passed in that manner is effective on the date stated in the resolution or on the latest date stated on any counterpart. A resolution of the directors or any committee of the directors passed in accordance with this Article 18.12 is deemed to be a proceeding at a meeting of directors or of the committee of the directors and to be as valid and effective as if it has been passed at a meeting of the directors or of the committee of the directors that satisfies all the requirements of the Business Corporations Act and all the requirements of these Articles relating to meetings of the directors or of a committee of the directors.

    19. EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES

    19.1 Appointment and Powers of Executive Committee

    The directors may, by resolution, appoint an executive committee consisting of the director or directors that they consider appropriate, and this committee has, during the intervals between meetings of the board of directors, all of the director's powers, except:

    (1) the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;

    (2) the power to remove a director;

    (3) the power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors; and

    (4) such other powers, if any, as may be set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors' resolution.

    19.2 Appointment and Powers of Other Committees

    The directors may, by resolution:

    (1) appoint one or more committees (other than the executive committee) consisting of the director or directors that they consider appropriate;

    (2) delegate to a committee appointed under paragraph (1) any of the directors' powers, except:

    (a) the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;

    (b) the power to remove a director;

    (c) the power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors; and

    (d) the power to appoint or remove officers appointed by the directors; and

    

    
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    (3) make any delegation referred to in paragraph (2) subject to the conditions set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors' resolution.

    19.3 Obligations of Committees

    Any committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2, in the exercise of the powers delegated to it, must:

    (1) conform to any rules that may from time to time be imposed on it by the directors; and

    (2) report every act or thing done in exercise of those powers at such times as the directors may require.

    19.4 Powers of Board

    The directors may, at any time, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:

    (1) revoke or alter the authority given to the committee, or override a decision made by the committee, except as to acts done before such revocation, alteration or overriding;

    (2) terminate the appointment of, or change the membership of, the committee; and

    (3) fill vacancies in the committee.

    19.5 Committee Meetings

    Subject to Article 19.3(1) and unless the directors otherwise provide in the resolution appointing the committee or in any subsequent resolution, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:

    (1) the committee may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper;

    (2) the committee may elect a chair of its meeting but, if no chair of a meeting is elected, or if at a meeting the chair of the meeting is not present within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the meeting, the directors present who are members of the committee may choose one of their number to chair the meeting;

    (3) a majority of the members of the committee constitutes a quorum of the committee; and

    (4) questions arising at any meeting of the committee are determined by a majority of votes of the members present, and in the case of an equality of votes, the chair of the meeting does not have a second or casting vote.

    20. OFFICERS

    20.1 Directors May Appoint Officers

    The directors, may, from time to time, appoint such officers, if any, as the directors determine and the directors may, at any time, terminate any such appointment.

    20.2 Functions, Duties and Powers of Officers

    The directors may, for each officer:

    (1) determine the functions and duties of the officer;

    

    
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    (2) entrust to and confer on the officer any of the powers exercisable by the directors on such terms and conditions and with such restrictions as the directors think fit; and

    (3) revoke, withdraw, alter or vary all or any of the functions, duties and powers of the officer.

    20.3 Qualifications

    No officers may be appointed unless that officer is qualified in accordance with the Business Corporations Act. One person may hold more than one position as an officer of the Company. Any person appointed as the chair of the board or as a managing director must be a director. Any other officer need not be a director.

    20.4 Remuneration and Terms of Appointment

    All appointments of officers are to be made on the terms and conditions and at the remuneration (whether by way of salary, fee, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) that the directors think fit and are subject to termination at the pleasure of the directors, and an officer may in addition to such remuneration be entitled to receive, after he or she ceases to hold such office or leaves the employment of the Company, a pension or gratuity.

    21. INDEMNIFICATION

    21.1 Definitions

    In this Article 21:

    (1) "eligible penalty" means a judgment, penalty or fine awarded or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of, an eligible proceeding;

    (2) "eligible proceeding" means a legal proceeding or investigative action, whether current or threatened, pending or completed, in which a director, former director or alternate director of the Company (an "eligible party") or any of the heirs and legal personal representatives of the eligible party, by reason of the eligible party being or having been a director or alternate director of the Company:

    (a) is or may be joined as a party; or

    (b) is or may be liable for or in respect of a judgment, penalty or fine in , or expenses related to, the proceeding;

    (3) "expenses" has the meaning set out in the Business Corporations Act.

    21.2 Mandatory Indemnification of Directors and Former Directors

    Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company must indemnify a director, former director or alternate director of the Company and his or her heirs and legal personal representatives against all eligible penalties to which such person is or may be liable, and the Company must, after the final disposition of an eligible proceeding, pay the expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person in respect of that proceeding. Each director and alternate director is deemed to have contracted with the Company on the terms of the indemnity contained in this Article 21.2

    21.3 Indemnification of Other Persons

    Subject to any restrictions in the Business Corporations Act, the Company may indemnify any person.

    

    
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    21.4 Non-Compliance with Business Corporations Act

    The failure of a director, alternate director or officer of the Company to comply with the Business Corporations Act or these Articles does not invalidate any indemnity to which he or she is entitled under this Part.

    21.5 Company May Purchase Insurance

    The Company may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any person (or his or her heirs or legal personal representatives) who:

    (1) is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of the Company;

    (2) is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation at a time when the corporation is or was an affiliate of the Company;

    (3) at the request of the Company, is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation or of a partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity;

    (4) at the request of the Company, holds or held a position equivalent to that of a director, alternate director or officer of a partnership, trust or joint venture or other unincorporated entity;

    against any liability incurred by him or her as such director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent or person who holds or held such equivalent position.

    22. DIVIDENDS

    22.1 Payment of Dividends Subject to Special Rights

    The provisions of this Article 22 are subject to the rights, if any, of shareholders holding shares with special rights as to dividends.

    22.2 Declaration of Dividends

    Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the directors may from time to time declare and authorize payment of such dividends as they may deem advisable.

    22.3 No Notice Required

    The directors need not give notice to any shareholder of any declaration under Article 22.2.

    22.4 Record Date

    The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to receive a payment of a dividend. The record date must not precede the date on which the dividend is to be paid by more than two months. If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the date on which the directors pass the resolution declaring the dividend.

    22.5 Manner of Paying Dividend

    A resolution declaring a dividend may direct payment of the dividend wholly or partly by the distribution of specific assets or of fully paid shares or of bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company, or in any one or more of those ways.

    

    
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    22.6 Settlement of Difficulties

    If any difficulty arises in regard to a distribution under Article 22.5, the directors may settle the difficulty as they deem advisable, and, in particular, may:

    (1) set the value for distribution of specific assets;

    (2) determine that cash payments in substitution for all or any part of the specific assets to which any shareholders are entitled may be made to any shareholders on the basis of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of all parties; and

    (3) vest any such specific assets in trustees for the persons entitled to the dividend.

    22.7 When Dividend Payable

    Any dividend may be made payable on such date as is fixed by the directors.

    22.8 Dividends to be Paid in Accordance with Number of Shares

    Subject to the rights of shareholders, if any, holding shares with special rights as to dividends, all dividends on shares of any class or series of shares must be declared and paid according to the number of such shares held.

    22.9 Receipt by Joint Shareholders

    If several persons are joint shareholders of any share, any one of them may give an effective receipt for any dividend, bonus or other money payable in respect of the share.

    22.10 Dividend Bears No Interest

    No dividend bears interest against the Company.

    22.11 Fractional Dividends

    If a dividend to which a shareholder is entitled includes a fraction of the smallest monetary unit of the currency of the dividend, that fraction may be disregarded in making payment of the dividend and that payment represents full payment of the dividend.

    22.12 Payment of Dividends

    Any dividend or other distribution payable in cash in respect of shares may be paid by cheque, made payable to the order of the person to whom it is sent, and mailed to the address of the shareholder, or in the case of joint shareholders, to the address of the joint shareholder who is first named on the central securities register, or to the person and to the address the shareholder or joint shareholders may direct in writing. The mailing of such cheque will, to the extent of the sum represented by the cheque (plus the amount of the tax required by law to be deducted), discharge all liability for the dividend unless such cheque is not paid on presentation or the amount of tax so deducted is not paid to the appropriate taxing authority.

    22.13 Capitalization of Surplus

    Notwithstanding anything contained in these Articles, the directors may from time to time capitalize any surplus of the Company and may from time to time issue, as fully paid, shares or any bonds, debentures, or other securities of the Company as a dividend representing the surplus or any part of the surplus.

    

    
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    23. DOCUMENTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS

    23.1 Recording of Financial Affairs

    The directors must cause adequate accounting records to be kept to record properly the financial affairs and condition of the Company and to comply with the Business Corporations Act.

    23.2 Inspection of Accounting Records

    Unless the directors determine otherwise, or unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, no shareholder of the Company is entitled to inspect or obtain a copy of any accounting records of the Company.

    24. NOTICES

    24.1 Method of Giving Notice

    Unless the Business Corporations Act or these Articles provide otherwise, a notice, statement, report or other record required or permitted by the Business Corporations Act or these Articles to be sent by or to a person may be sent by any one of the following methods:

    (1) mailing addressed to the person at the applicable address for that person as follows:

    (a) for a record mailed to a shareholder, the shareholder's registered address;

    (b) for a record mailed to a director or officer, the prescribed address for mailing shown for the director or officer in the records kept by the Company or the mailing address provided by the recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

    (c) in any other case, the mailing address of the intended recipient;

    (2) delivery at the applicable address for that person, as follows, addressed to the person:

    (a) for a record delivered to a shareholder, the shareholder's registered address;

    (b) for a record delivered to a director or officer, the prescribed address for delivery shown for the director or officer in the records kept by the Company or the delivery address provided by the recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

    (c) in any other case, the delivery address of the intended recipient;

    (3) sending the record by fax to the fax number provided by the intended recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

    (4) sending the record by email to the email address provided by the intended recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

    (5) physical delivery to the intended recipient.

    24.2 Deemed Receipt of Mailing

    A record that is mailed to a person by ordinary mail to the applicable address for that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person to whom it was mailed on the day, Saturdays, Sundays and holidays excepted, following the date of mailing.

    24.3 Certificate of Sending

    A certificate signed by the secretary, if any, or other officer of the Company or of any other corporation acting in that behalf for the Company stating that a notice, statement, report or other record was addressed as required by Article 24.1, prepaid and mailed or otherwise sent as permitted by Article 24.1 is conclusive evidence of that fact.

    

    
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    24.4 Notice to Joint Shareholders

    A notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by the Company to the joint shareholders of a share by providing the notice to the joint shareholder first named in the central securities register in respect of the share.

    24.5 Notice to Trustees

    A notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by the Company to the persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death, bankruptcy or incapacity of a shareholder by:

    (1) mailing the record addressed to them:

    (a) by name, by the title of the legal personal representative of the deceased or incapacitated shareholder, by the title of trustee of the bankrupt shareholder or by any similar description; and

    (b) at the address, if any, supplied to the Company for that purpose by the persons claiming to be so entitled; or

    (2) if an address referred to in paragraph (1)(b) has not been supplied to the Company, by giving the notice in a manner in which it might have been given if the death, bankruptcy or incapacity had not occurred.

    25. SEAL

    25.1 Who May Attest to Seal

    Except as provided in Articles 25.2 and 25.3, the Company's seal, if any, must not be impressed on any record except when that impression is attested by the signatures of:

    (1) any two directors;

    (2) any officer, together with any director;

    (3) if the Company only has one director, that director; or

    (4) any one or more directors or officers or persons as may be determined by the directors.

    25.2 Sealing Copies

    For the purposes of certifying under seal a certificate of incumbency of the directors or officers of the Company or a true copy of any resolution or other document, despite Article 25.1, the impression of the seal may be attested by the signature of any director or officer.

    25.3 Mechanical Reproduction of Seal

    The directors may authorize the seal to be impressed by third parties on share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company as they may determine appropriate from time to time. To enable the seal to be impressed on any share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company, whether in definitive or interim form, on which facsimiles of any of the signatures of the directors or officers of the Company, are, in accordance with the Business Corporations Act or these Articles, printed or otherwise mechanically reproduced, there may be delivered to the person employed to engrave, lithograph or print such definitive or interim share certificate or bonds, debentures or other securities one or more unmounted dies reproducing the seal and the chair of the board or any senior officer together with the secretary, treasurer, secretary-treasurer may in writing authorize such person to cause the seal to be impressed on such definitive or interim share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities by the use of such dies. Share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities to which the seal has been so impressed are for all purposes deemed to be under and to bear the seal impressed on them.

    

    
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    26. PROHIBITIONS

    26.1 Definitions

    In this Article 26:

    (1) "designated securities" means:

    (a) a voting security of the Company;

    (b) a security of the Company that is not a debt security and that carries a residual right to participate in the earnings of the Company or, on the liquidation or winding up of the Company, in its assets; or

    (c) a security of the Company convertible, directly or indirectly, into a security described in paragraph (a) or (b);

    (2) "security" has the meaning assigned in the Securities Act (British Columbia);

    (3) "voting security" means a security of the Company that:

    (a) is not a debt security, and

    (b) carries a voting right either under all circumstances or under some circumstances that have occurred and are continuing.

    26.2 Application

    Article 26.3 does not apply to the Company if and for so long as it is public company or a pre- existing reporting company which has the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as part of its Articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply.

    26.3 Consent Required for Transfer of Shares or Designated Securities

    No share or designated security may be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of without the consent of the directors and the directors are not required to give any reason for refusing to consent to any such sale, transfer or other disposition.

    	
                Full name and signature of Director

                

            	
                Date of Signing

                 

                  

                January 17, 2014 

            


    

    

    
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    ARTICLE 27

    SPECIAL RIGHTS AND RESTRICTIONS ATTACHED TO 
SUBORDINATE VOTING SHARES

     

    27.1 Voting

    The holders of Class A subordinate voting shares ("Subordinate Voting Shares") shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at all meetings of shareholders of the Company except a meeting at which only the holders of another class or series of shares is entitled to vote. Each Subordinate Voting Share shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote at each such meeting.

    27.2 Alteration to Rights of Subordinate Voting Shares

    So long as any Subordinate Voting Shares remain outstanding, the Company will not, without the consent of the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares expressed by separate special resolution, alter or amend these Articles if the result of such alteration or amendment would:

    (a) prejudice or interfere with any right or special right attached to the Subordinate Voting Shares; or

    (b) affect the rights or special rights of the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares, Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares (each as defined below) on a per share basis as provided for herein.

    27.3 Dividends

    The holders of Subordinate Voting Shares shall be entitled to receive such dividends payable in cash or property of the Company as may be declared thereon by the directors from time to time. The directors may declare no dividend payable in cash or property on the Subordinate Voting Shares unless the directors simultaneously declare a dividend payable in cash or property on: (i) the Multiple Voting Shares, in an amount per Multiple Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Subordinate Voting Share, multiplied by one hundred (100); and (ii) the Proportionate Voting Shares, in an amount per Proportionate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Subordinate Voting Share.

    The directors may declare a stock dividend payable in Subordinate Voting Shares on the Subordinate Voting Shares, but only if the directors simultaneously declare a stock dividend payable in:

    (a) (i) Multiple Voting Shares on the Multiple Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Multiple Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Subordinate Voting Share; or

    (ii) Subordinate Voting Shares on the Multiple Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Multiple Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Subordinate Voting Share, multiplied by one hundred (100); and

    (b) (i) Proportionate Voting Shares on the Proportionate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Proportionate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Subordinate Voting Share divided by one thousand (1,000);

    

    
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    (ii) Subordinate Voting Shares on the Proportionate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Proportionate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Subordinate Voting Share; or

    (iii) Multiple Voting Shares on the Proportionate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Proportionate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Subordinate Voting Share divided by one hundred (100).

    27.4 Liquidation Rights

    In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, or in the event of any other distribution of assets of the Company to its shareholders for the purposes of winding up its affairs, the holders of the Subordinate Voting Shares shall be entitled to participate pari passu with the holders of Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares, with the amount of such distribution per Subordinate Voting Share equal to each of: (i) the amount of such distribution per Multiple Voting Share divided by one hundred (100); and (ii) the amount of such distribution per Proportionate Voting Share.

    27.5 Subdivision or Consolidation

    The Subordinate Voting Shares shall not be consolidated or subdivided unless the Multiple Voting Shares and the Proportionate Voting Shares are simultaneously consolidated or subdivided utilizing the same divisor or multiplier.

    27.6 Conversion of the Shares Upon an Offer to Acquire Multiple Voting Shares

    In the event that an offer is made to purchase Multiple Voting Shares, and such offer is:

    (a) required, pursuant to applicable securities legislation or the rules of any stock exchange on which: (i) the Multiple Voting Shares; or (ii) the Subordinate Voting Shares which may be obtained upon conversion of the Multiple Voting Shares; may then be listed, to be made to all or substantially all of the holders of Multiple Voting Shares in a province or territory of Canada to which the requirement applies (such offer to purchase in this Article 27.6, an "Offer"); and

    (b) not made to the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares for consideration per Subordinate Voting Share equal to 0.01 of the consideration offered per Multiple Voting Share,

    each Subordinate Voting Share shall become convertible at the option of the holder into Multiple Voting Shares on the basis of one hundred (100) Subordinate Voting Shares for one (1) Multiple Voting Share, at any time while the Offer is in effect until one day after the time prescribed by applicable securities legislation or stock exchange rules for the offeror to take up and pay for such shares as are to be acquired pursuant to the Offer (the "Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right"). For avoidance of doubt, fractions of Multiple Voting Shares may be issued in respect of any amount of Subordinate Voting Shares in respect of which the Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right is exercised which is less than one hundred (100).

    

    
        - 39 -

    

    The Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right may only be exercised for the purpose of depositing the Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon conversion under such Offer, and for no other reason. If the Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right is exercised, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares shall deposit under such Offer the Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon conversion, on behalf of the holder.

    To exercise the Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right, a holder of Subordinate Voting Shares or his or her attorney, duly authorized in writing, shall:

    (i) give written notice of exercise of the Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right to the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares, and of the number of Subordinate Voting Shares in respect of which the Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised;

    (ii) deliver to the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares any share certificate or certificates representing the Subordinate Voting Shares in respect of which the Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised; and

    (iii) pay any applicable stamp tax or similar duty on or in respect of such conversion.

    No certificates representing Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right will be delivered to the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares. If Multiple Voting Shares issued upon such conversion and deposited under such Offer are withdrawn by such holder, or such Offer is abandoned, withdrawn or terminated by the offeror, or such Offer expires without the offeror taking up and paying for such Multiple Voting Shares, such Multiple Voting Shares and any fractions thereof issued shall automatically, without further action on the part of the holder thereof, be reconverted into Subordinate Voting Shares on the basis of one (1) Multiple Voting Share for one hundred (100) Subordinate Voting Shares, and the Company will procure that the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares shall send to such holder a direct registration statement, certificate or certificates representing the Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon such reconversion. If the offeror under such Offer takes up and pays for the Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Subordinate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares shall deliver to the holders of such Multiple Voting Shares the consideration paid for such Multiple Voting Shares by such offeror.

    27.7 Conversion of the Shares Upon an Offer to Acquire Proportionate Voting Shares

    In the event that an offer is made to purchase Proportionate Voting Shares, and such offer is:

    (a) required, pursuant to applicable securities legislation or the rules of any stock exchange on which: (i) the Proportionate Voting Shares; or (ii) the Subordinate Voting Shares which may be obtained upon conversion of the Proportionate Voting Shares; may then be listed, to be made to all or substantially all of the holders of Proportionate Voting Shares in a province or territory of Canada to which the requirement applies (such offer to purchase in this Article 27.7, an "Offer"); and

    (b) not made to the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares for consideration per Subordinate Voting Share equal to the consideration offered per Proportionate Voting Share,

    

    
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    each Subordinate Voting Share shall become convertible at the option of the holder into a Proportionate Voting Share on the basis of one (1) Subordinate Voting Share for one (1) Proportionate Voting Share, at any time while the Offer is in effect until one day after the time prescribed by applicable securities legislation or stock exchange rules for the offeror to take up and pay for such shares as are to be acquired pursuant to the Offer (the "Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right").

    The Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right may only be exercised for the purpose of depositing the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon conversion under such Offer, and for no other reason. If the Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right is exercised, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares shall deposit under such Offer the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon conversion, on behalf of the holder.

    To exercise the Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right, a holder of Subordinate Voting Shares or his or her attorney, duly authorized in writing, shall:

    (i) give written notice of exercise of the Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right to the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares, and of the number of Subordinate Voting Shares in respect of which the Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised;

    (ii) deliver to the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares any share certificate or certificates representing the Subordinate Voting Shares in respect of which the Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised; and

    (iii) pay any applicable stamp tax or similar duty on or in respect of such conversion.

    No certificates representing Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right will be delivered to the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares. If Proportionate Voting Shares issued upon such conversion and deposited under such Offer are withdrawn by such holder, or such Offer is abandoned, withdrawn or terminated by the offeror, or such Offer expires without the offeror taking up and paying for such Proportionate Voting Shares, such Proportionate Voting Shares and any fractions thereof issued shall automatically, without further action on the part of the holder thereof, be reconverted into Subordinate Voting Shares on the basis of one (1) Proportionate Voting Share for one (1) Subordinate Voting Share, and the Company will procure that the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares shall send to such holder a direct registration statement, certificate or certificates representing the Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon such reconversion. If the offeror under such Offer takes up and pays for the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Subordinate Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Subordinate Voting Shares shall deliver to the holders of such Proportionate Voting Shares the consideration paid for such Proportionate Voting Shares by such offeror.

    

    
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    ARTICLE 28

    SPECIAL RIGHTS AND RESTRICTIONS ATTACHED TO 
MULTIPLE VOTING SHARES

    28.1 Voting

    The holders of Class B multiple voting shares ("Multiple Voting Shares") shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at all meetings of shareholders of the Company except a meeting at which only the holders of another class or series of shares is entitled to vote. Subject to Articles 28.2 and 28.3, each Multiple Voting Share shall entitle the holder to one hundred (100) votes and each fraction of a Multiple Voting Share shall entitle the holder to the number of votes calculated by multiplying the fraction by one hundred (100) and rounding the product down to the nearest whole number, at each such meeting.

    28.2 Alteration to Rights of Multiple Voting Shares

    So long as any Multiple Voting Shares remain outstanding, the Company will not, without the consent of the holders of Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares expressed by separate special resolution alter or amend these Articles if the result of such alteration or amendment would:

    (a) prejudice or interfere with any right or special right attached to the Multiple Voting Shares; or

    (b) affect the rights or special rights of the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares, Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares on a per share basis as provided for herein.

    At any meeting of holders of Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares called to consider such a separate special resolution, each Multiple Voting Share and Proportionate Voting Share shall entitle the holder to one (1) vote and each fraction of a Multiple Voting Share or Proportionate Voting Share will entitle the holder to the corresponding fraction of one (1) vote.

    28.3 Shares Superior to Multiple Voting Shares

    (a) The Company may take no action which would authorize or create shares of any class or series having preferences superior to or on a parity with the Multiple Voting Shares without the consent of the holders of a majority of the Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares expressed by separate ordinary resolution.

    (b) At any meeting of holders of Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares called to consider such a separate ordinary resolution, each Multiple Voting Share and Proportionate Voting Share will entitle the holder to one (1) vote and each fraction of a Multiple Voting Share and Proportionate Voting Share shall entitle the holder to the corresponding fraction of one (1) vote.

    28.4 Dividends

    (a) The holders of Multiple Voting Shares shall be entitled to receive such dividends payable in cash or property of the Company as may be declared by the directors from time to time. The directors may declare no dividend payable in cash or property on the Multiple Voting Shares unless the directors simultaneously declare a dividend payable in cash or property on: (i) the Subordinate Voting Shares, in an amount equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Multiple Voting Share divided by one hundred (100); and (ii) on the Proportionate Voting Shares in an amount equal to the dividend declared per Multiple Voting Share divided by one hundred (100).

    

    
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    (b) The directors may declare a stock dividend payable in Multiple Voting Shares on the Multiple Voting Shares, but only if the directors simultaneously declare a stock dividend payable in: (i) Multiple Voting Shares on the Subordinate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Subordinate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Multiple Voting Share divided by one hundred (100); and (ii) Multiple Voting Shares on the Proportionate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Proportionate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Multiple Voting Share divided by one hundred (100).

    (c) The directors may declare a stock dividend payable in Subordinate Voting Shares on the Multiple Voting Shares, but only if the directors simultaneously declare a stock dividend payable in: (i) Subordinate Voting Shares on the Subordinate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Subordinate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Multiple Voting Share divided by one hundred (100); and (ii) Subordinate Voting Shares on the Proportionate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Proportionate Voting Shares equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Multiple Voting Share divided by one hundred (100).

    (d) Holders of fractional Multiple Voting Shares shall be entitled to receive any dividend declared on the Multiple Voting Shares, in an amount equal to the dividend per Multiple Voting Share multiplied by the fraction thereof held by such holder.

    28.5 Liquidation Rights

    In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, or in the event of any other distribution of assets of the Company to its shareholders for the purpose of winding up its affairs, the holders of the Multiple Voting Shares shall be entitled to participate pari passu with the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares, with the amount of such distribution per Multiple Voting Share equal to each of: (i) the amount of such distribution per Subordinate Voting Share multiplied by one hundred (100); and

    (ii) the amount of such distribution per Proportionate Voting Share multiplied by one hundred (100); and each fraction of a Multiple Voting Share will be entitled to the amount calculated by multiplying the fraction by the amount payable per whole Multiple Voting Share.

    28.6 Subdivision or Consolidation

    The Multiple Voting Shares shall not be consolidated or subdivided unless the Subordinate Voting Shares and the Proportionate Voting Shares are simultaneously consolidated or subdivided utilizing the same divisor or multiplier.

    28.7 Voluntary Conversion

    Subject to the Conversion Limitation set forth in this Article 28.7, holders of Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares shall have the following rights of conversion (the "Share Conversion Right"):
     

    

    
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    (a) Right to Convert Multiple Voting Shares. Each Multiple Voting Share shall be convertible at the option of the holder into such number of Subordinate Voting Shares as is determined by multiplying the number of Multiple Voting Shares in respect of which the Share Conversion Right is exercised by one hundred (100). Fractions of Multiple Voting Shares may be converted into such number of Subordinate Voting Shares as is determined by multiplying the fraction by one hundred (100).

    (b) Right to Convert Proportionate Voting Shares. Each Proportionate Voting Share shall be convertible at the option of the holder into such number of Subordinate Voting Shares as is determined by multiplying the number of Proportionate Voting Shares in respect of which the Share Conversion Right is exercised by one (1). Fractions of Proportionate Voting Shares may be converted into such number of Subordinated Voting Shares as is determined by multiplying the fraction by one (1).

    (c) Conversion Limitation. Unless already appointed, upon receipt of a Conversion Notice (as defined below), the directors (or a committee thereof) shall designate an officer of the Company who shall determine whether the Conversion Limitation set forth in this Article shall apply to the conversion referred to therein (the "Conversion Limitation Officer").

    (d) Foreign Private Issuer Status. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain its status as a "foreign private issuer" (as determined in accordance with Rule 3b-4 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Accordingly, the Company shall not give effect to any voluntary conversion of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares pursuant to this Article 28.7 or otherwise, and the Share Conversion Right will not apply, to the extent that after giving effect to all permitted issuances after such conversion of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares, the aggregate number of Subordinate Voting Shares, Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares (calculated on the basis that each Subordinate Voting Share, Multiple Voting Share and Proportionate Voting Share is counted once, without regard to the number of votes carried by such share) held of record, directly or indirectly, by residents of the United States (as determined in accordance with Rules 3b-4 and 12g3-2(a) under the Exchange Act ("U.S. Residents") would exceed forty percent (40%) (the "40% Threshold") of the aggregate number of Subordinate Voting Shares, Proportionate Voting Shares, Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares (calculated on the same basis) issued and outstanding (the "FPI Restriction"). The directors may by resolution increase the 40% Threshold to a number not to exceed fifty percent (50%), and if any such resolution is adopted, all references to the 40% Threshold herein shall refer instead to the amended percentage threshold set by the directors in such resolution.

    (e) Conversion Limitation. In order to give effect to the FPI Restriction, the number of Subordinate Voting Shares issuable to a holder of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares upon exercise by such holder of the Share Conversion Right will be subject to the 40% Threshold based on the number of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares held by such holder as of the date of issuance of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares to such holder, and thereafter at the end of each of the Company's subsequent fiscal quarters (each, a "Determination Date"), calculated as follows:

    

    
        - 44 -

    

    X = [A x 40% - B] x (C/D)

    Where, on the Determination Date:

    X = Maximum Number of Subordinate Voting Shares which may be issued upon exercise of the Share Conversion Right.

    A = Aggregate number of Subordinate Voting Shares, Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares issued and outstanding.

    B = Aggregate number of Subordinate Voting Shares, Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares held of record, directly or indirectly, by U.S. Residents.

    C = Aggregate Number of Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares held by such holder.

    D = Aggregate Number of All Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares.

    The Conversion Limitation Officer shall determine as of each Determination Date, in his or her sole discretion acting reasonably, the aggregate number of Subordinate Voting Shares, Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares held of record, directly or indirectly, by U.S. Residents, the maximum number of Subordinate Voting Shares which may be issued upon exercise of the Share Conversion Right, generally in accordance with the formula set forth immediately above. Upon request by a holder of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares, the Company will provide each holder of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares with notice of such maximum number as at the most recent Determination Date, or a more recent date as may be determined by the Conversion Limitation Officer in its discretion. To the extent that issuances of Subordinate Voting Shares on exercise of the Share Conversion Right would result in the 40% Threshold being exceeded, the number of Subordinate Voting Shares to be issued will be pro-rated among each holder of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares exercising the Share Conversion Right.

    Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 28.7(d) and (e), the directors may by resolution waive the application of the Conversion Restriction to any exercise or exercises of the Share Conversion Right to which the Conversion Restriction would otherwise apply, or to future Conversion Restrictions generally, including with respect to a period of time.

    (f) Disputes.

    

    
        - 45 -

    

    (i) Any holder of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares who beneficially owns more than 5% of the issued and outstanding Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares may submit a written dispute as to the calculation of the 40% Threshold or the FPI Restriction by the Conversion Limitation Officer to the directors with the basis for the disputed calculations. The Company shall respond to the holder within five (5) business days of receipt of the notice of such dispute with a written calculation of the 40% Threshold or the FPI Restriction, as applicable. If the holder and the Company are unable to agree upon such calculation of the 40% Threshold or the FPI Restriction, as applicable, within five (5) business days of such response, then the Company and the holder shall, within one (1) business day thereafter submit the disputed calculation of the 40% Threshold or the FPI Restriction to the Company's independent auditor. The Company, at the Company's expense, shall cause the auditor to perform the calculations in dispute and notify the Company and the holder of the results no later than five (5) business days from the time it receives the disputed calculations. The auditor's calculations shall be final and binding on all parties, absent demonstrable error.

    (ii) In the event of a dispute as to the number of Subordinate Voting Shares issuable to a holder of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares in connection with a voluntary conversion of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares, the Company shall issue to the holder of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares the number of Subordinate Voting Shares not in dispute, and resolve such dispute in accordance with Article 28.7(f)(i).

    (g) Mechanics of Conversion. Before any holder of Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares shall be entitled to voluntarily convert Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares into Subordinate Voting Shares in accordance with Articles 28.7(a) or (b), the holder shall surrender the certificate or certificates representing the Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares to be converted at the head office of the Company, or the office of any transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares, and shall give written notice to the Company at its head office of his or her election to convert such Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares and shall state therein the name or names in which the certificate or certificates representing the Subordinate Voting Shares are to be issued (a "Conversion Notice"). The Company shall (or shall cause its transfer agent to) as soon as practicable thereafter, issue to such holder or his or her nominee, a certificate or certificates or direct registration statement representing the number of Subordinate Voting Shares to which such holder is entitled upon conversion. Such conversion shall be deemed to have taken place immediately prior to the close of business on the day on which the certificate or certificates representing the Multiple Voting Shares or Proportionate Voting Shares to be converted is surrendered and the Conversion Notice is delivered, and the person or persons entitled to receive the Subordinate Voting Shares issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the holder or holders of record of such Subordinate Voting Shares as of such date.

    28.8 Conversion of the Shares Upon an Offer to Acquire Subordinate Voting Shares

    In the event that an offer is made to purchase Subordinate Voting Shares, and such offer is:

    

    
        - 46 -

    

    (a) required, pursuant to applicable securities legislation or the rules of any stock exchange on which: (i) the Multiple Voting Shares; or (ii) the Subordinate Voting Shares which may be obtained upon conversion of the Multiple Voting Shares; may then be listed, to be made to all or substantially all of the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares in a province or territory of Canada to which the requirement applies (such offer to purchase in this Article 28.8, an "Offer"); and

    (b) not made to the holders of Multiple Voting Shares for consideration per Multiple Voting Share equal to 100 times the consideration offered per Subordinate Voting Share,

    each Multiple Voting Share shall become convertible at the option of the holder into Subordinate Voting Shares on the basis of one hundred (100) Subordinate Voting Shares for one (1) Multiple Voting Share, at any time while the Offer is in effect until one day after the time prescribed by applicable securities legislation or stock exchange rules for the offeror to take up and pay for such shares as are to be acquired pursuant to the Offer (the "Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right").

    The Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right may only be exercised for the purpose of depositing the Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon conversion under such Offer, and for no other reason. If the Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right is exercised, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares shall deposit under such Offer the Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon conversion, on behalf of the holder.

    To exercise the Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right, a holder of Multiple Voting Shares or his or her attorney, duly authorized in writing, shall:

    (i) give written notice of exercise of the Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right to the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares, and of the number of Multiple Voting Shares in respect of which the Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised;

    (ii) deliver to the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares any share certificate or certificates representing the Multiple Voting Shares in respect of which the Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised; and

    (iii) pay any applicable stamp tax or similar duty on or in respect of such conversion.

    No certificates representing Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right will be delivered to the holders of Multiple Voting Shares. If Subordinate Voting Shares issued upon such conversion and deposited under such Offer are withdrawn by such holder, or such Offer is abandoned, withdrawn or terminated by the offeror, or such Offer expires without the offeror taking up and paying for such Subordinate Voting Shares, such Subordinate Voting Shares issued shall automatically, without further action on the part of the holder thereof, be reconverted into Multiple Voting Shares on the basis of one (1) Multiple Voting Share for one hundred (100) Subordinate Voting Shares, and the Company will procure that the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares shall send to such holder a direct registration statement, certificate or certificates representing the Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon such reconversion. If the offeror under such Offer takes up and pays for the Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Multiple Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares shall deliver to the holders of such Subordinate Voting Shares the consideration paid for such Subordinate Voting Shares by such offeror.

    

    
        - 47 -

    

    28.9 Conversion of the Shares Upon an Offer to Acquire Proportionate Voting Shares

    In the event that an offer is made to purchase Proportionate Voting Shares, and such offer is:

    (a) required, pursuant to applicable securities legislation or the rules of any stock exchange on which: (i) the Proportionate Voting Shares; or (ii) the Subordinate Voting Shares which may be obtained upon conversion of the Proportionate Voting Shares; may then be listed, to be made to all or substantially all of the holders of Proportionate Voting Shares in a province or territory of Canada to which the requirement applies (such offer to purchase in this Article 28.9, an "Offer"); and

    (b) not made to the holders of Multiple Voting Shares for consideration per Multiple Voting Share equal to 100 times the consideration offered per Proportionate Voting Share,

    each Multiple Voting Share shall become convertible at the option of the holder into Proportionate Voting Shares on the basis of one hundred (100) Proportionate Voting Shares for one (1) Multiple Voting Share, at any time while the Offer is in effect until one day after the time prescribed by applicable securities legislation or stock exchange rules for the offeror to take up and pay for such shares as are to be acquired pursuant to the Offer (the "Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right").

    The Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right may only be exercised for the purpose of depositing the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon conversion under such Offer, and for no other reason. If the Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right is exercised, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares shall deposit under such Offer the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon conversion, on behalf of the holder.

    To exercise the Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right, a holder of Multiple Voting Shares or his or her attorney, duly authorized in writing, shall:

    (i) give written notice of exercise of the Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right to the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares, and of the number of Multiple Voting Shares in respect of which the Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised;

    (ii) deliver to the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares any share certificate or certificates representing the Multiple Voting Shares in respect of which the Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised; and

    (iii) pay any applicable stamp tax or similar duty on or in respect of such conversion.

    

    
        - 48 -

    

    No certificates representing Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right will be delivered to the holders of Multiple Voting Shares. If Proportionate Voting Shares issued upon such conversion and deposited under such Offer are withdrawn by such holder, or such Offer is abandoned, withdrawn or terminated by the offeror, or such Offer expires without the offeror taking up and paying for such Proportionate Voting Shares, such Proportionate Voting Shares shall automatically, without further action on the part of the holder thereof, be reconverted into Multiple Voting Shares on the basis of one (1) Multiple Voting Share for one hundred (100) Proportionate Voting Shares, and the Company will procure that the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares shall send to such holder a direct registration statement, certificate or certificates representing the Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon such reconversion. If the offeror under such Offer takes up and pays for the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Multiple Voting Share PVS Offer Conversion Right, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Multiple Voting Shares shall deliver to the holders of such Proportionate Voting Shares the consideration paid for such Proportionate Voting Shares by such offeror.

    

    
        - 49 -

    

    ARTICLE 29

    SPECIAL RIGHTS AND RESTRICTIONS ATTACHED TO 
PROPORTIONATE VOTING SHARES

    29.1 Voting

    The holders of Class C proportionate voting shares ("Proportionate Voting Shares") shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at all meetings of shareholders of the Company except a meeting at which only the holders of another class or series of shares is entitled to vote. Subject to Articles 29.2 and 29.3, each Proportionate Voting Share shall entitle the holder to one thousand (1,000) votes and each fraction of a Proportionate Voting Share shall entitle the holder to the number of votes calculated by multiplying the fraction by one thousand (1,000) and rounding the product down to the nearest whole number, at each such meeting.

    29.2 Alteration to Rights of Proportionate Voting Shares

    So long as any Proportionate Voting Shares remain outstanding, the Company will not, without the consent of the holders of Proportionate Voting Shares expressed by separate special resolution alter or amend these Articles if the result of such alteration or amendment would:

    (a) prejudice or interfere with any right or special right attached to the Proportionate Voting Shares; or

    (b) affect the rights or special rights of the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares, Multiple Voting Shares and Proportionate Voting Shares on a per share basis as provided for herein.

    At any meeting of holders of Proportionate Voting Shares called to consider such a separate special resolution, each Proportionate Voting Share shall entitle the holder to one (1) vote and each fraction of a Proportionate Voting Share will entitle the holder to the corresponding fraction of one (1) vote.

    29.3 Shares Superior to Proportionate Voting Shares

    (a) The Company may take no action which would authorize or create shares of any class or series having preferences superior to or on a parity with the Proportionate Voting Shares without the consent of the holders of a majority of the Proportionate Voting Shares expressed by separate ordinary resolution.

    (b) At any meeting of holders of Proportionate Voting Shares called to consider such a separate ordinary resolution, each Proportionate Voting Share will entitle the holder to one (1) vote and each fraction of a Proportionate Voting Share shall entitle the holder to the corresponding fraction of one (1) vote.

    29.4 Dividends

    (a) The holders of Proportionate Voting Shares shall be entitled to receive such dividends payable in cash or property of the Company as may be declared by the directors from time to time. The directors may declare no dividend payable in cash or property on the Proportionate Voting Shares unless the directors simultaneously declare a dividend payable in cash or property on: (i) the Subordinate Voting Shares, in an amount equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Proportionate Voting Share; and (ii) on the Multiple Voting Shares in an amount equal to the dividend declared per Proportionate Voting Share multiplied by one hundred (100).

    

    
        - 50 -

    

    (b) The directors may declare a stock dividend payable in Multiple Voting Shares on the Proportionate Voting Shares, but only if the directors simultaneously declare a stock dividend payable in: (i) Multiple Voting Shares on the Subordinate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Subordinate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Proportionate Voting Share; and (ii) Multiple Voting Shares on the Multiple Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Multiple Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Proportionate Voting Share multiplied by one hundred (100).

    (c) The directors may declare a stock dividend payable in Subordinate Voting Shares on the Proportionate Voting Shares, but only if the directors simultaneously declare a stock dividend payable in: (i) Subordinate Voting Shares on the Subordinate Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Subordinate Voting Share equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Proportionate Voting Share; and (ii) Subordinate Voting Shares on the Multiple Voting Shares, in a number of shares per Multiple Voting Shares equal to the amount of the dividend declared per Proportionate Voting Share multiplied by one hundred (100).

    (d) Holders of fractional Proportionate Voting Shares shall be entitled to receive any dividend declared on the Proportionate Voting Shares, in an amount equal to the dividend per Proportionate Voting Share multiplied by the fraction thereof held by such holder.

    29.5 Liquidation Rights

    In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, or in the event of any other distribution of assets of the Company to its shareholders for the purpose of winding up its affairs, the holders of the Proportionate Voting Shares shall be entitled to participate pari passu with the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares and Multiple Voting Shares, with the amount of such distribution per Proportionate Voting Share equal to each of: (i) the amount of such distribution per Subordinate Voting Share; and (ii) the amount of such distribution per Multiple Voting Share divided by one hundred (100); and each fraction of a Proportionate Voting Share will be entitled to the amount calculated by multiplying the fraction by the amount payable per whole Proportionate Voting Share.

    29.6 Subdivision or Consolidation

    The Proportionate Voting Shares shall not be consolidated or subdivided unless the Subordinate Voting Shares and the Multiple Voting Shares are simultaneously consolidated or subdivided utilizing the same divisor or multiplier.

    29.7 Transfer of Proportionate Voting Shares

    No Proportionate Voting Share may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or otherwise disposed of, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, by operation of law or otherwise, without the written consent of the directors, and the directors are not required to give any reason for refusing to consent to any such Transfer.

    

    
        - 51 -

    

    29.8 Mandatory Conversion of Proportionate Voting Shares

    (a) Definitions. In this Article 29.8:

    (i) "Blocker" means Alpine Summit Energy Investors, Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the state of Nevada;

    (ii) "Definitive Agreement" means the business combination agreement between, inter alia, the Company, Origination, Finco, Subco and Blocker dated April 8, 2021;

    (iii) "Finco" means Alpine Summit Energy Partners Finco, Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the province of British Columbia;

    (iv) "Initial Holder" means the holder of Proportionate Voting Shares as of the date of initial issuance of Proportionate Voting Shares.

    (v) "Membership Interests" means the membership interests of Origination;

    (vi) "Origination" means HB2 Origination, LLC, a limited liability company existing under the laws of the state of Delaware;

    (vii) "Subco" means Red Pine Petroleum Subco Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company existing under the laws of the province of British Columbia;

    (viii) "Reverse Takeover" means the completion of the combination of the businesses of the Company, Origination, Finco, Subco and Blocker pursuant to the Definitive Agreement; and

    (ix) "RTO Closing Date" means the date of completion of the Reverse Takeover.

    (b) Mandatory Conversion. All issued and outstanding Proportionate Voting Shares will automatically, without any action on the part of the holder, be converted into Subordinate Voting Shares on the basis of one (1) Subordinate Voting Share for one (1) Proportionate Voting Share upon the date that is the first day when the Initial Holder owns, directly or indirectly, less than seventy-five per cent (75%) of the Membership Interests as they collectively did on the RTO Closing Date (the "Mandatory Conversion Record Date"). On the Mandatory Conversion Record Date, each certificate representing Proportionate Voting Shares shall thenceforth be null and void. Within twenty (20) days of the Mandatory Conversion Record Date, the Company will send, or cause its transfer agent to send, notice thereof to the former holder of Proportionate Voting Shares (a "Mandatory Conversion Notice") specifying:

    (i) the Mandatory Conversion Record Date;

    

    
        - 52 -

    

    (ii) the number of Subordinate Voting Shares into which the Proportionate Voting Shares held by such holder have been converted; and

    (iii) the address of record of such holder.

    As soon as practicable after the sending of the Mandatory Conversion Notice, the Company shall issue or shall cause its transfer agent to issue to each holder of Proportionate Voting Shares certificates representing the number of Subordinate Voting Shares into which the Proportionate Voting Shares have been converted.

    From the Mandatory Conversion Record Date, the directors shall no longer be entitled to issue any further Proportionate Voting Shares whatsoever.

    29.9 Conversion of the Shares Upon an Offer to Acquire Subordinate Voting Shares

    In the event that an offer is made to purchase Subordinate Voting Shares, and such offer is:

    (a) required, pursuant to applicable securities legislation or the rules of any stock exchange on which: (i) the Proportionate Voting Shares; or (ii) the Subordinate Voting Shares which may be obtained upon conversion of the Multiple Voting Shares; may then be listed, to be made to all or substantially all of the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares in a province or territory of Canada to which the requirement applies (such offer to purchase in this Article 29.9, an "Offer"); and

    (b) not made to the holders of Proportionate Voting Shares for consideration per Proportionate Voting Share equal to the consideration offered per Subordinate Voting Share,

    each Proportionate Voting Share shall become convertible at the option of the holder into a Subordinate Voting Share on the basis of one (1) Subordinate Voting Share for one (1) Proportionate Voting Share, at any time while the Offer is in effect until one day after the time prescribed by applicable securities legislation or stock exchange rules for the offeror to take up and pay for such shares as are to be acquired pursuant to the Offer (the "Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right").

    The Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right may only be exercised for the purpose of depositing the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon conversion under such Offer, and for no other reason. If the Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right is exercised, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares shall deposit under such Offer the Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon conversion, on behalf of the holder.

    To exercise the Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right, a holder of Proportionate Voting Shares or his or her attorney, duly authorized in writing, shall:

    (i) give written notice of exercise of the Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right to the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares, and of the number of Proportionate Voting Shares in respect of which the Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised;

    (ii) deliver to the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares any share certificate or certificates representing the Proportionate Voting Shares in respect of which the Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised; and

    

    
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    (iii) pay any applicable stamp tax or similar duty on or in respect of such conversion.

    No certificates representing Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right will be delivered to the holders of Proportionate Voting Shares. If Subordinate Voting Shares issued upon such conversion and deposited under such Offer are withdrawn by such holder, or such Offer is abandoned, withdrawn or terminated by the offeror, or such Offer expires without the offeror taking up and paying for such Subordinate Voting Shares, such Subordinate Voting Shares issued shall automatically, without further action on the part of the holder thereof, be reconverted into Proportionate Voting Shares on the basis of one (1) Proportionate Voting Share for one (1) Subordinate Voting Share, and the Company will procure that the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares shall send to such holder a direct registration statement, certificate or certificates representing the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon such reconversion. If the offeror under such Offer takes up and pays for the Subordinate Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Proportionate Voting Share SVS Offer Conversion Right, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares shall deliver to the holders of such Subordinate Voting Shares the consideration paid for such Subordinate Voting Shares by such offeror.

    29.10 Conversion of the Shares Upon an Offer to Acquire Multiple Voting Shares

    In the event that an offer is made to purchase Multiple Voting Shares, and such offer is:

    (a) required, pursuant to applicable securities legislation or the rules of any stock exchange on which: (i) the Multiple Voting Shares; or (ii) the Subordinate Voting Shares which may be obtained upon conversion of the Multiple Voting Shares; may then be listed, to be made to all or substantially all of the holders of Multiple Voting Shares in a province or territory of Canada to which the requirement applies (such offer to purchase in this Article 29.10, an "Offer"); and

    (b) not made to the holders of Proportionate Voting Shares for consideration per Proportionate Voting Share equal to 0.01 of the consideration offered per Multiple Voting Share,

    each Proportionate Voting Share shall become convertible at the option of the holder into Multiple Voting Shares on the basis of one hundred (100) Proportionate Voting Shares for one (1) Multiple Voting Share, at any time while the Offer is in effect until one day after the time prescribed by applicable securities legislation or stock exchange rules for the offeror to take up and pay for such shares as are to be acquired pursuant to the Offer (the "Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right"). For avoidance of doubt, fractions of Multiple Voting Shares may be issued in respect of any amount of Proportionate Voting Shares in respect of which the Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right is exercised which is less than one hundred (100).

    The Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right may only be exercised for the purpose of depositing the Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon conversion under such Offer, and for no other reason. If the Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right is exercised, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares shall deposit under such Offer the Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon conversion, on behalf of the holder.

    

    
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    To exercise the Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right, a holder of Proportionate Voting Shares or his or her attorney, duly authorized in writing, shall:

    (i) give written notice of exercise of the Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right to the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares, and of the number of Proportionate Voting Shares in respect of which the Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised;

    (ii) deliver to the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares any share certificate or certificates representing the Proportionate Voting Shares in respect of which the Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right is being exercised; and

    (iii) pay any applicable stamp tax or similar duty on or in respect of such conversion.

    No certificates representing Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right will be delivered to the holders of Proportionate Voting Shares. If Multiple Voting Shares issued upon such conversion and deposited under such Offer are withdrawn by such holder, or such Offer is abandoned, withdrawn or terminated by the offeror, or such Offer expires without the offeror taking up and paying for such Multiple Voting Shares, such Multiple Voting Shares and any fractions thereof issued shall automatically, without further action on the part of the holder thereof, be reconverted into Proportionate Voting Shares on the basis of one (1) Multiple Voting Share for one hundred (100) Proportionate Voting Shares, and the Company will procure that the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares shall send to such holder a direct registration statement, certificate or certificates representing the Proportionate Voting Shares acquired upon such reconversion. If the offeror under such Offer takes up and pays for the Multiple Voting Shares acquired upon exercise of the Proportionate Voting Share MVS Offer Conversion Right, the Company shall procure that the transfer agent for the Proportionate Voting Shares shall deliver to the holders of such Multiple Voting Shares the consideration paid for such Multiple Voting Shares by such offeror.

    

    
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    ARTICLE 30 
ADVANCE NOTICE PROVISIONS

    30.1 Nomination of Directors

    Subject only to the Business Corporations Act and these Articles, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set out in this Article 30 shall be eligible for election as directors to the board of directors of the Company. Nominations of persons for election to the board may only be made at an annual meeting of shareholders, or at a special meeting of shareholders called for any purpose at which the election of directors is a matter specified in the notice of meeting, as follows:

    (a) by or at the direction of the board or an authorized officer of the Company, including pursuant to a notice of meeting;

    (b) by or at the direction or request of one or more shareholders pursuant to a valid proposal made in accordance with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act or a valid requisition of shareholders made in accordance with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act; or

    (c) by any person entitled to vote at such meeting (a "Nominating Shareholder"), who:

    (i) is, at the close of business on the date of giving notice provided for in this Article 30 and on the record date for notice of such meeting, either entered in the securities register of the Company as a holder of one or more shares carrying the right to vote at such meeting or who beneficially owns shares that are entitled to be voted at such meeting and provides evidence of such beneficial ownership to the Company; and

    (ii) has given timely notice in proper written form as set forth in this Article 30.

    The holders of Class A subordinate voting shares ("Subordinate Voting Shares") shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at all meetings of shareholders of the Company except a meeting at which only the holders of another class or series of shares is entitled to vote. Each Subordinate Voting Share shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote at each such meeting.

    30.2 Exclusive Means

    For the avoidance of doubt, this Article 30 shall be the exclusive means for any person to bring nominations for election to the board before any annual or special meeting of shareholders of the Company.

    30.3 Timely Notice

    In order for a nomination made by a Nominating Shareholder to be timely notice (a "Timely Notice"), the Nominating Shareholder's notice must be received by the corporate secretary of the Company at the principal executive offices or registered office of the Company:

    (a) in the case of an annual meeting of shareholders (including an annual and special meeting), not later than 5:00 p.m. (Vancouver time) on the 30th day before the date of the meeting; provided, however, if the first public announcement made by the Company of the date of the meeting (each such date being the "Notice Date") is less than 50 days before the meeting date, notice by the Nominating Shareholder may be given not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the Notice Date; and

    

    
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    (b) in the case of a special meeting (which is not also an annual meeting) of shareholders called for any purpose which includes the election of directors to the board, not later than the close of business on the 15th day following the Notice Date;

    provided that, in either instance, if notice-and-access (as defined in National Instrument 54-101 - Communication with Beneficial Owners of Securities of a Reporting Issuer) is used for delivery of proxy related materials in respect of a meeting described in Article 30.3(a) or 30.3(b), and the Notice Date in respect of the meeting is not less than 50 days before the date of the applicable meeting, the notice must be received not later than the close of business on the 30th day before the date of the applicable meeting.

    30.4 Proper Form of Notice

    To be in proper written form, a Nominating Shareholder's notice to the corporate secretary must comply with all the provisions of this Article 30 and disclose or include, as applicable:

    (a) as to each person whom the Nominating Shareholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (a "Proposed Nominee"):

    (i) the name, age, business and residential address of the Proposed Nominee;

    (ii) the principal occupation/business or employment of the Proposed Nominee, both presently and for the past five years;

    (iii) the number of securities of each class of securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries beneficially owned, or controlled or directed, directly or indirectly, by the Proposed Nominee, as of the record date for the meeting of shareholders (if such date shall then have been made publicly available and shall have occurred) and as of the date of such notice;

    (iv) full particulars of any relationships, agreements, arrangements or understandings (including financial, compensation or indemnity related) between the Proposed Nominee and the Nominating Shareholder, or any affiliates or associates of, or any person or entity acting jointly or in concert with, the Proposed Nominee or the Nominating Shareholder;

    (v) any other information that would be required to be disclosed in a dissident proxy circular or other filings required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies for election of directors pursuant to the Business Corporations Act or applicable securities law; and

    (vi) a written consent of each Proposed Nominee to being named as nominee and certifying that such Proposed Nominee is not disqualified from acting as director under the provisions of subsection 124(2) of the Business Corporations Act; and

    (b) as to each Nominating Shareholder giving the notice, and each beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made:

    

    
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    (i) their name, business and residential address;

    (ii) the number of securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries beneficially owned, or controlled or directed, directly or indirectly, by the Nominating Shareholder or any other person with whom the Nominating Shareholder is acting jointly or in concert with respect to the Company or any of its securities, as of the record date for the meeting of shareholders (if such date shall then have been made publicly available and shall have occurred) and as of the date of such notice;

    (iii) their interests in, or rights or obligations associated with, any agreement, arrangement or understanding, the purpose or effect of which is to alter, directly or indirectly, the person's economic interest in a security of the Company or the person's economic exposure to the Company;

    (iv) any relationships, agreements or arrangements, including financial, compensation and indemnity related relationships, agreements or arrangements, between the Nominating Shareholder or any affiliates or associates of, or any person or entity acting jointly or in concert with, the Nominating Shareholder and any Proposed Nominee;

    (v) full particulars of any proxy, contract, relationship arrangement, agreement or understanding pursuant to which such person, or any of its affiliates or associates, or any person acting jointly or in concert with such person, has any interests, rights or obligations relating to the voting of any securities of the Company or the nomination of directors to the board;

    (vi) a representation as to whether or not such person intends to deliver a proxy circular and/or form of proxy to any shareholder of the Company in connection with such nomination or otherwise solicit proxies or votes from shareholders of the Company in support of such nomination; and

    (vii) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be included in a dissident proxy circular or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to the Business Corporations Act or as required by applicable securities law.

    Reference to "Nominating Shareholder" in this Article 30.4 shall be deemed to refer to each shareholder that nominated or seeks to nominate a person for election as director in the case of a nomination proposal where more than one shareholder is involved in making the nomination proposal.

    30.5 Currency of Nominee Information

    All information to be provided in a Timely Notice pursuant to this Article 30 shall be provided as of the date of such notice. The Nominating Shareholder shall provide the Company with an update to such information forthwith so that it is true and correct in all material respects as of the date that is 10 business days before the date of the meeting, or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

    30.6 Delivery of Information

    Notwithstanding Part 24 of these Articles, any notice, or other document or information required to be given to the corporate secretary pursuant to this Article 30 may only be given by personal delivery or courier (but not by fax or email) to the corporate secretary at the address of the principal executive offices or registered office of the Company and shall be deemed to have been given and made on the date of delivery if it is a business day and the delivery was made prior to 5:00 p.m. in the city where the Company's principal executive offices are located and otherwise on the next business day.

    

    
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    30.7 Defective Nomination Determination

    The chair of any meeting of shareholders of the Company shall have the power to determine whether any proposed nomination is made in accordance with the provisions of this Article 30, and if any proposed nomination is not in compliance with such provisions, must as soon as practicable following receipt of such nomination and prior to the meeting declare that such defective nomination shall not be considered at any meeting of shareholders.

    30.8 Waiver

    The board may, in its sole discretion, waive any requirement in this Article 30.

    30.9 Definitions

    For the purposes of this Article 30, "public announcement" means disclosure in a news release disseminated by the Company through a national news service in Canada, or in a document filed by the Company for public access under its profile on the System of Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval at www.sedar.com