[Cite as Arend v. Ohio Dept. of Transp., 2011-Ohio-6908.]

Court of Claims of Ohio

The Ohio Judicial Center 

65 South Front Street, Third Floor 

Columbus, OH 43215 

614.387.9800 or 1.800.824.8263 

www.cco.state.oh.us

THOMAS WEIR AREND 

 Plaintiff 

 v. 

OHIO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

 Defendant

Case No. 2011-05980-AD 

Acting Clerk Daniel R. Borchert 

MEMORANDUM DECISION

{¶1} Plaintiff, Thomas Arend, filed this action against defendant, Department of 

Transportation (ODOT), contending his 2005 Chrysler PT Cruiser was damaged as a 

proximate result of negligence on the part of ODOT personnel in maintaining a 

hazardous condition on I-670 in Franklin County. Plaintiff recalled the particular 

damage incident occurred on March 18, 2011, at approximately 11:30 a.m. Plaintiff 

requested damages in the amount of $373.57, the total cost of replacement parts and 

related repair expenses. The $25.00 filing fee was paid. 

{¶2} Defendant denied liability based on the contention that no ODOT 

personnel had any knowledge of the particular damage-causing pothole prior to 

plaintiff’s March 18, 2011 described occurrence. Defendant located the pothole “at 

milepost 3.14 on I-670 in Franklin County.” Defendant explained ODOT records show 

eleven complaints were taken in March 2011 for potholes on I-670, “but none of them 

were in the same location as plaintiff’s incident.” Defendant argued plaintiff did not 

provide any evidence to establish the length of time the particular pothole was present 

on the roadway prior to March 18, 2011. Defendant suggested, “it is more likely than 

not that the pothole existed in that location for only a relatively short amount of time 

before plaintiff’s incident.” 

{¶3} Furthermore, defendant contended plaintiff did not offer any evidence to 
prove the roadway was negligently maintained. Defendant related the ODOT “Franklin 

County Manager conducts roadway inspections on all state roadways within the county 

on a routine basis, at least one to two times a month.” Apparently, no potholes were 

discovered in the vicinity of plaintiff’s incident on I-670 the last time that section of 

roadway was inspected prior to March 18, 2011. Defendant’s maintenance records 

show potholes were patched in the vicinity of plaintiff’s incident on January 31, 2011. 

{¶4} Plaintiff did not file a response. 

{¶5} For plaintiff to prevail on a claim of negligence, he must prove, by a 

preponderance of the evidence, that defendant owed him a duty, that it breached that 

duty, and that the breach proximately caused his injuries. Armstrong v. Best Buy 

Company, Inc., 99 Ohio St. 3d 79, 2003-Ohio-2573,¶8 citing Menifee v. Ohio Welding 

Products, Inc. (1984), 15 Ohio St. 3d 75, 77, 15 OBR 179, 472 N.E. 2d 707. However, 

“[i]t is the duty of a party on whom the burden of proof rests to produce evidence which 

furnishes a reasonable basis for sustaining his claim. If the evidence so produced 

furnishes only a basis for a choice among different possibilities as to any issue in the 

case, he fails to sustain such burden.” Paragraph three of the syllabus in Steven v. 

Indus. Comm. (1945), 145 Ohio St. 198, 30 O.O. 415, 61 N.E. 2d 198, approved and 

followed. 

{¶6} Defendant has the duty to maintain its highways in a reasonably safe 

condition for the motoring public. Knickel v. Ohio Department of Transportation (1976), 

49 Ohio App. 2d 335, 3 O.O. 3d 413, 361 N.E. 2d 486. However, defendant is not an 

insurer of the safety of its highways. See Kniskern v. Township of Somerford (1996), 

112 Ohio App. 3d 189, 678 N.E. 2d 273; Rhodus v. Ohio Dept. of Transp. (1990), 67 

Ohio App. 3d 723, 588 N.E. 2d 864. 

{¶7} In order to prove a breach of the duty to maintain the highways, plaintiff 

must prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that defendant had actual or 

constructive notice of the precise condition or defect alleged to have caused the 

accident. McClellan v. ODOT (1986), 34 Ohio App. 3d 247, 517 N.E. 2d 1388. 

Defendant is only liable for roadway conditions of which it has notice but fails to 

reasonably correct. Bussard v. Dept. of Transp. (1986), 31 Ohio Misc. 2d 1, 31 OBR 

64, 507 N.E. 2d 1179. There is no evidence defendant had actual notice of the pothole 

on I-670 prior to the morning of March 18, 2011. 
{¶8} Therefore, to find liability plaintiff must prove ODOT had constructive 

notice of the defect. The trier of fact is precluded from making an inference of 

defendant’s constructive notice, unless evidence is presented in respect to the time the 

defective condition developed. Spires v. Ohio Highway Department (1988), 61 Ohio 

Misc. 2d 262, 577 N.E. 2d 458. 

{¶9} In order for there to be constructive notice, plaintiff must show sufficient 

time has elapsed after the dangerous condition appears, so that under the 

circumstances defendant should have acquired knowledge of its existence. Guiher v. 

Dept. of Transportation (1978), 78-0126-AD. Size of the defect is insufficient to show 

notice or duration of existence. O’Neil v. Department of Transportation (1988), 61 Ohio 

Misc. 2d 287, 587 N.E. 2d 891. “A finding of constructive notice is a determination the 

court must make on the facts of each case not simply by applying a pre-set time 

standard for the discovery of certain road hazards.” Bussard, at 4. “Obviously, the 

requisite length of time sufficient to constitute constructive notice varies with each 

specific situation.” Danko v. Ohio Dept. of Transp. (Feb. 4, 1993), Franklin App. 92AP1183. There is insufficient evidence to show defendant had constructive notice of the 

pothole. 

{¶10} Generally, in order to recover in a suit involving damage proximately 

caused by roadway conditions including potholes, plaintiff must prove that either: 1) 

defendant had actual or constructive notice of the potholes and failed to respond in a 

reasonable time or responded in a negligent manner, or 2) that defendant, in a general 

sense, maintains its highways negligently. Denis v. Department of Transportation

(1976), 75-0287-AD. Plaintiff has not produced sufficient evidence to infer defendant, in 

a general sense, maintains its highways negligently or that defendant’s acts caused the 

defective condition. Herlihy v. Ohio Department of Transportation (1999), 99-07011-AD. 

Plaintiff has failed to introduce sufficient evidence to prove defendant maintained a 

known hazardous roadway condition. Plaintiff has failed to prove that his property 

damage was connected to any conduct under the control of defendant, defendant was 

negligent in maintaining the roadway area, or that there was any negligence on the part 

of defendant. Taylor v. Transportation Dept. (1998), 97-10898-AD; Weininger v. 

Department of Transportation (1999), 99-10909-AD; Witherell v. Ohio Dept. of 

Transportation (2000), 2000-04758-AD. 
Court of Claims of Ohio
The Ohio Judicial Center 

65 South Front Street, Third Floor 

Columbus, OH 43215 

614.387.9800 or 1.800.824.8263 

www.cco.state.oh.us 

THOMAS WEIR AREND 

 Plaintiff 

 v. 

OHIO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

 Defendant

Case No. 2011-05980-AD 

Acting Clerk Daniel R. Borchert 

ENTRY OF ADMINISTRATIVE DETERMINATION

 Having considered all the evidence in the claim file and, for the reasons set forth 

in the memorandum decision filed concurrently herewith, judgment is rendered in favor 

of defendant. Court costs are assessed against plaintiff. 

 ________________________________ 

 DANIEL R. BORCHERT 

 Acting Clerk 

Entry cc: 

Thomas Weir Arend Jerry Wray, Director 

5737 Michaela Court Department of Transportation 

Columbus, Ohio 43235 1980 West Broad Street 

 Columbus, Ohio 43223 

8/3 

Filed 8/10/11 

Sent to S.C. reporter 1/3/12