United States Department of Agriculture

Agricultural Marketing Service

Science & Technology

Pesticide Data Program

Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

iii

Contents

Page No.

Preface .................................................................... . vii

Executive Summary ........................................................... . xi

Section I Introduction ........................................................ . 1

Section II Sampling Operations ................................................ . 4

Background ........................................................... . 4

Fresh/Processed Fruit and Vegetables ....................................... . 5

Apple Single Serving Survey .............................................. . 5

Pear Single Serving Survey ............................................... . 8

Oat Sample Survey ..................................................... . 8

Corn Syrup Survey ...................................................... . 8

Section III Laboratory Operations .............................................. . 8

Overview ............................................................. . 8

Fresh/Processed Fruit and Vegetables ....................................... . 9

Apple Single Serving Survey .............................................. . 9

Pear Single Serving Survey .............................................. . 10

Processed Grain Products ............................................... . 10

Quality Assurance Program .............................................. . 10

Section IV Database Management ............................................. . 12

Electronic Data Life-Cycle ............................................... . 12

Data Reporting ....................................................... . 12

Section V Sample Results and Discussion ....................................... . 14

Sample Results ........................................................ . 14

National Estimates ..................................................... . 14

Fresh vs. Processed .................................................... . 16

Postharvest Applications ................................................ . 16

Environmental Contaminants ............................................. . 17

Single/Selective Residue Analyses ......................................... . 17

Multiple Residue Detections .............................................. . 17

Import vs. Domestic Residue Comparisons .................................. . 17

Tolerance Violations ................................................... . 18

Synopsis ............................................................ . 20
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

v

Figures and Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figures

Page No. 

 1 Overview of PDP Management and Operations ......................... 2

 2 Participating States and Their Geographical Distribution Areas .............. 3

 3 Commodity Origin ................................................ 7

 4 PDP Apple Single Serving Survey Flowchart ........................... 11

 5 PDP Data Life Cycle ............................................. 13

Tables

 1 Samples Collected and Analyzed per Commodity by Each Participating State ... 6

 2 Number of Samples and Residues Detected, by Commodity ................ 15

 3 Selected Residue Comparisons, Fresh vs. Processed ..................... 19

Appendices A-L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix A Commodity History

Appendix B Sample Origin by Grower, Packer, or Distributor

Appendix C Quality Assurance Program Elements

Appendix D Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons

Appendix E Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Fruit and Vegetables

Appendix F Distribution of Residues for Apple Single Serving Survey

Appendix G Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Oats

Appendix H Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Corn Syrup

Appendix I National Estimates for Concentration Percentiles vs. Tolerance

Appendix J Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs 

Appendix K Number of Residues Detected per Sample

Appendix L Samples Reported to FDA as Exceeding the Tolerance or Without Established 

 Tolerance
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

vi

Acronyms

AMS Agricultural Marketing Service

APHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

ARS Agricultural Research Service

CARAT Committee to Advise on Reassessment and Transition

CDFA California Department of Food and Agriculture

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CV Coefficient of Variation

DE-42/43 Dextrose Equivalent Corn Syrup 42/43

EMRL Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

ERS Economic Research Service

FAS Foreign Agricultural Service

FDA Food and Drug Administration

FQPA Food Quality Protection Act

GIPSA Grain Inspection, Packers & Stockyards Administration

GLP Good Laboratory Practice

JMPR Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residue

LIB Laboratory Information Bulletin

LOD Limit of Detection

LOQ Limit of Quantitation

MRM Multiresidue Method

MRL Maximum Residue Limit

NAS National Academy of Sciences

NASS National Agricultural Statistics Service

NPRD National Pesticide Residue Database

OPMP Office of Pest Management Policy

PDP Pesticide Data Program

QA/QC Quality Assurance/Quality Control

QAO Quality Assurance Officer

QAU Quality Assurance Unit

SOP Standard Operating Procedure

SRM Selective Residue Method

RDE Remote Data Entry

TRAC Tolerance Reassessment Advisory Committee

USDA United States Department of Agriculture
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

vii

Preface

In 1991, the United States Department of Agriculture In estimating the potential risks of pesticide residues

(USDA) was charged with implementing a program to in food, EPA uses a step-wise approach that assures

collect data on pesticide residues in food. The pesticides are examined as closely as necessary to

USDA’s Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) was understand their risks, but minimizes the Agency’s

appointed to undertake the creation and resource expenditures. As an initial assessment, EPA

implementation of such a program, currently known assumes that all acres of all crops are treated with all

as the Pesticide Data Program (PDP). PDP has been pesticides for which there is an approved use. EPA

in operation since May 1991 and has published its also assumes that residues in treated crops are present

findings annually since 1991. at the maximum allowed level. While such an

assessment is easy and quick to generate, risk

PDP planning and policy are formulated with the estimates based on these worst case assumptions may

support of various USDA agencies and the significantly exceed the actual risk from pesticide

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Agencies residues in the food supply. Therefore, if the initial

from USDA include: AMS, the National Agricultural “worst case” assessment indicates potential risks that

Statistics Service (NASS), the Economic Research would be of concern, EPA refines its assessment using

Service (ERS), the Agricultural Research Service available, reliable data. These refinements may

(ARS), and the Office of Pest Management Policy include using: data on the percent of a crop treated

(OPMP). with a pesticide; studies of the effects of washing,

cooking, processing, and storage; and residue

PDP’s data on pesticides in selected commodities monitoring data. This is where PDP data can be

strengthen the Government's ability to respond to food pivotal. PDP’s sampling procedures were designed to

safety and marketing concerns, to protect public capture actual residues in the food supply as close as

health, and to provide EPA with data needed to possible to the time of consumption, which makes

implement the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) PDP valuable. These data are considerably more

enacted by the U.S. Congress in August 1996. Title realistic than the assumptions used in EPA’s initial

III Sec. 301(c) of FQPA states: “The Secretary of risk assessments.

Agriculture shall ensure that the residue data

collection activities conducted by the Department of PDP operations are guided by recommendations

Agriculture in cooperation with the Environmental presented to the U.S. Congress by the National

Protection Agency and the Department of Health and Academy of Sciences (NAS) in its 1993 report

Human Services, provide for the improved data “Pesticidesin the Diets of Infants and Children.” In

collection of pesticide residues, including guidelines that report, the Academy examined scientific and

for the use of comparable analytical and policy issues that government agencies need to

standardized reporting methods and increased address when regulating pesticide residues in foods

sampling of foods most likely consumed by infants consumed by infants and children. The NAS report

and children.” PDP has been actively involved on provided various recommendations to improve

behalf of the Department in the implementation of methods for estimating exposure to pesticides,

FQPA and has participated in various public forums including the need for better data on dietary exposure

sponsored by the Tolerance Reassessment Advisory and information on the harmful effects of pesticides.

Committee (TRAC) and its successor, the Committee PDP concentrates its efforts in providing better

to Advise on Reassessment and Transition (CARAT). pesticide residue data on foods most consumed by

Information obtained at these forums allowed for children. 

careful planning of program activities and projection

of future data needs. 
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

viii

In 1999, in response to NAS’ concerns regarding Acting Deputy Administrator: Robert Epstein

acute exposures to pesticides, that is, exposures Phone: (202) 720-5231 Fax: (202) 720-6496

occurring within a short period (e.g., over the course

of a day or even a single eating occasion), PDP Pesticide Data Branch Chief: Martha Lamont

conducted two special studies on single servings of Pesticide Data Program Staff

apples and pears. Other Academy recommendations Phone: (703) 330-2300 Fax: (703) 369-0678

implemented in 1999 are the inclusion of more

metabolites and degradates in screening profiles and

the testing of additional raw and processed foods

listed as most consumed by children. http://www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp/

The States participating in PDP deserve special

recognition for their contributions to the program.

Sample collectors’ vigilance and dedication allow

AMS to adjust sampling protocols to respond to

changing trends in commodity distribution.

Laboratory staffs were helpful in formulating

recommendations to increase productivity and

improve analytical methods. PDP thanks NASS for

providing statistical support; the Food and Drug

Administration (FDA) staff, particularly Milton Luke

and chemists in FDA field laboratories for their help

in addressing method issues; the AMS Eastern

Laboratory, the Animal and Plant Health Inspection

Service (APHIS) Laboratory, and the Grain

Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration

(GIPSA) Laboratory for providing testing services to

the program. PDP also acknowledges the exceptional

support of EPA’s Office of Pesticide Programs-Health

Effects Division staff for their contributions in refining

the 1999 Program Plan.

 

We welcome any comments on the Summary’s

presentation. A form for submitting comments is

provided at the end of the Summary.

Data presented in this Summary were collected and

processed through the efforts of the following:

U.S. Department of Agriculture Tallahassee, FL 32399-1650

Agricultural Marketing Service

Science and Technology

14th and Independence Avenue, S.W.

Room 3507, South Building, Mail Stop 0222

Post Office Box 96456

Washington, DC 20090-6456

INTERNET HOME PAGE

Participating State Agencies

California Department of Food and Agriculture

California Department of Pesticide Regulation

Colorado Department of Agriculture

Florida Department of Agriculture and

 Consumer Services

Maryland Department of Agriculture

Michigan Department of Agriculture

New York Department of Agriculture and Markets

Ohio Department of Agriculture

Texas Department of Agriculture

Washington State Department of Agriculture

Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and 

 Consumer Protection

Participating State Laboratories

California Department of Food and Agriculture

Division of Inspection Services

Center for Analytical Chemistry

3292 Meadowview Road

Sacramento, CA 95832

Florida Department of Agriculture and

 Consumer Services

Chemical Residue Laboratory, Building #3

3125 Conner Boulevard

 and

Chemical Residue Laboratory

500 3rd Street, Northwest

Winter Haven, FL 33880
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

ix

Michigan Department of Agriculture

Laboratory Division

1615 South Harrison Road

East Lansing, MI 48823-5224

New York Department of Agriculture and Markets

Food Laboratory

State Office Campus, Building 7

Albany, NY 12235

Ohio Department of Agriculture

Consumer Analytical Laboratory

8995 East Main Street

Reynoldsburg, OH 43068

Texas Department of Agriculture

Pesticide Laboratory

1500 Research Parkway, Suite 230

College Station, TX 77845

Washington State Department of Agriculture

Chemical and Hop Laboratory

21 N. 1st Avenue, Suite 106

Yakima, WA 98902

Participating Federal Laboratories

United States Department of Agriculture

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

National Monitoring and Residue Analysis 

 Laboratory

3505 25th Avenue, Building 4

Gulfport, MS 39501

United States Department of Agriculture

Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards 

 Administration

Technical Services Division

10383 North Executive Hills Blvd.

Kansas City, MO 64153

United States Department of Agriculture

Agricultural Marketing Service

Science and Technology, Eastern Laboratory

2311-B Aberdeen Boulevard

Gastonia, NC 28054
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

xi

Executive Summary

 

The Pesticide Data Program (PDP) was implemented Samples collected by each State are apportioned

by USDA in May 1991 to collect data on pesticide according to the State’s population, except for highly

residues in foods. The data are released annually on seasonal commodities. The normal monthly sampling

a calendar year basis in the form of summaries and rate is 62 samples per commodity. For seasonal

through the Internet. This publication summarizes commodities such as cantaloupes, sampling rates are

PDP results for 1999. adjusted to reflect market availability, and sample

PDP data are used by EPA, FDA, ERS, the USDA’s commodity is available. This adjusted sampling rate

Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), and various ranges from half to double the normal sampling rate.

groups within the private sector. EPA uses PDP data Samples are randomly chosen without regard for

to refine estimates of dietary exposure as part of the commodity origin or variety and reflect what is

pesticide reregistration process under FQPA. PDP typically available to the consumer throughout the

data are also used by the government and agricultural year. PDP's sampling protocol takes into account the

community to examine residue issues which may different volumes of product distributed annually from

affect agricultural practices and U.S. trade. Recent each sampling site. 

uses of PDP data include: targeting crops that need

pesticide alternatives; promoting export of U.S. In addition to routine program operations in 1999,

commodities in a competitive global market; and PDP conducted two studies designed to provide data

addressing food safety concerns. for acute (short-term) exposure assessments. These

studies were performed on single servings of apples

Program operations were carried out with the support and pears, and followed special protocols developed

of ten states: California, Florida, Michigan, New in cooperation with EPA staff. The apple study was

York, Ohio, Texas, and Washington for collection and designed to examine the distribution of residues within

analysis of samples, and Colorado, Maryland, and units making up a composite sample. Sample

Wisconsin for sample collection only (their samples collection was spread through the entire year to

are shipped to other State and Federal laboratories for capture potential variabilities between fresh apples

analysis). Federal laboratories providing testing (1999 crop) and apples from previous crops released

services include the GIPSA Laboratory, the AMS to the market from cold storage. By contrast, the pear

Eastern Laboratory, and the APHIS National study provides residue concentrations on single

Monitoring and Residue Analysis Laboratory. The servings of pears, but does not allow direct correlation

AMS Science and Technology program is responsible between single serving and composite results. PDP

for PDP’s day-to-day administrative, sampling, analyzed 1,463 single servings of apples and 352

technical, and database activities. single servings of pears. Overall, results of single

PDP is designed to provide information on pesticide No significantly high values on single servings of

residues in food in order to improve the quality of data apples or pears were found. For apples, single serving

that EPA uses to estimate dietary exposure to azinphos methyl results varied from 0.1 to 6.9 times

consumers. PDP data are collected as close to the the composite value and single serving chlorpyrifos

point of consumption as possible while retaining results varied from 0.03 to 2.9 times the composite

identity of product origin. Sampling is based on value. For pears, 51.8 percent of composite samples

statistically reliable protocols, thereby upgrading their contained azinphos methyl residues ranging from

usefulness for risk assessment. Pesticides and 0.013-0.95 parts per million (ppm), while 43.2

commodities are chosen based on EPA's data needs percent of individual pears contained azinphos methyl

and USDA's food consumption surveys. residues ranging from 0.013-0.87 ppm.

 

collection is limited to the season when the

serving apples and pears parallel composite samples.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

xii

PDP’s routine program included fresh and processed PDP laboratories maintain an ongoing verification of

fruit and vegetables, oats, and corn syrup which were limits of detection (LODs) for each compound

tested for various insecticides, herbicides, fungi-cides, screened. These data are used by EPA to calculate

and growth regulators. Commodities sampled in exposure contributed by samples reported as “non1999 were: apples, cantaloupe, cucumbers, grape detects,” or not containing a residue above a stated

juice, lettuce, oats (rolled and bran), pears (fresh and LOD. 

canned), spinach (frozen), strawberries (fresh and 

frozen), sweet bell peppers, tomatoes (fresh and PDP continuously strives to improve methods for the

canned), winter squash (fresh and frozen), and corn collection, testing, and reporting of data. PDP data

syrup. are available to EPA and other Federal and State

PDP collected and analyzed a total of 9,125 samples on the use of pesticides. Copies of the summary may

in 1999--8,637 fruit and vegetables, 332 oats, and 156 be obtained by calling the Pesticide Data Branch at

corn syrup samples. Samples originated from 35 (703) 330-2300 or by mailing the form provided at

States and 21 foreign countries (includes processed the end of the summary. The summary can also be

products of mixed national origin). Approximately 79 downloaded from PDP’s web site at

percent of all samples were domestic, 20 percent were http://www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp. 

imported (including samples of mixed national origin)

and less than one percent of unknown origin.

Cantaloupes, cucumbers, sweet bell peppers, fresh

tomatoes, and fresh winter squash accounted for most

of the imports. All corn syrup samples were

domestic. Oats are listed as imported from unknown

country; however, according to market arrival figures,

most of the oats are likely to be Canadian imports.

Overall, about 36 percent of all samples contained no

detectable residues, 29 percent contained one residue,

and 35 percent contained more than one residue. Less

residues were detected in processed products than in

fresh commodities: 92 percent of oats, 96 percent of

canned pears, and 100 percent of corn syrup samples

were found to contain no detectable residues. 

Residues exceeding the tolerance were detected in 0.3

percent of all composite samples tested during 1999.

Residues with no tolerance listed in the Code of

Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Part 180, were

found in 3.7 percent of all samples. These residues

were detected at low levels and may be due to spray

drift, crop rotations, or cross contamination at packing

facilities. PDP reports these findings to FDA as soon

as they are received. A tolerance is the maximum

quantity of a pesticide residue allowable on a raw

agricultural commodity. Violative residues are

defined as residues exceeding the tolerance or

residues at levels of regulatory significance for which

no tolerance has been established for that particular

crop. 

agencies charged with regulating and setting policies
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

1

Pesticide Data Program (PDP)

Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1999

This summary consists of the following sections: (I.) Introduction, (II.) Sampling Operations, 

(III.) Laboratory Operations, (IV.) Database Management, and (V.) Sample Results and Discussion 

I. Introduction

This is the ninth annual summary of the USDA’s PDP

results. The previous summaries of PDP data for

calendar years 1991-1998 are posted on PDP’s web

site at www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp (1993-1998)

or are available as hard copies (1991-1998) upon

request. 

 

PDP pools the expertise available in AMS, NASS,

ERS, and ARS to achieve its goals and objectives.

NASS provides statistically reliable data on chemical

usage at the State level and collects economic input

data that link chemical usage with economic

characteristics. ERS analyzes AMS and NASS data to

understand producer behavior and to determine the

impact various production practices and policies

might have on the Nation's agricultural production,

food supply, and consumers. ARS conducts

nationwide surveys of food intake by individuals and

translates data on foods as consumed into portions of

raw agricultural commodities that can be linked with

pesticide residue data. AMS, through its Science and

Technology program, oversees PDP’s policies,

planning, and daily operations. 

Figure 1, Overview of PDP Management and

Operations, describes the program’s three major

components -- sample collection, laboratory analysis,

and database management. Except for corn syrup, all

1999 samples were collected by ten States

(California, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Michigan,

New York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin)

through cooperative agreements with their respective

agencies. Corn syrup samples were collected through

the Corn Refiners Association. Laboratory services

were provided by seven States (California, Florida,

Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, and Washington)

and three Federal laboratories (AMS Eastern

Laboratory, GIPSA Kansas City Laboratory, and

APHIS National Monitoring and Residue Analysis

Laboratory). The central database is managed by PDP

staff in Manassas, Virginia.

Figure 2 shows the ten States participating in the

program and neighboring States (Alaska, Connecticut,

Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Massachusetts, Nevada,

New Jersey, New Mexico, Vermont, Virginia, and

Wyoming) in their direct distribution network.

Together, they represent about 50 percent of the

Nation's population and all four Census Regions of the

U.S. The participating States are also major

producers of fruit and vegetables. Figure 3 shows the

origin of commodities--domestic, imports, mixed, and

unknown. 

AMS works closely with EPA to select the

commodities and pesticides to be placed in PDP.

Commodities chosen for inclusion are those most

often consumed by the American public, with

emphasis on those consumed by infants and children.

Seventeen commodities (apples, cantaloupe, corn

syrup, cucumbers, grape juice, lettuce, fresh pears,

canned pears, processed oats, frozen spinach, fresh

strawberries, frozen strawberries, sweet bell peppers,

fresh tomatoes, canned tomatoes, fresh winter squash,

and frozen winter squash) were sampled and analyzed

during 1999. Pesticides screened by PDP include

compounds whose toxicities and preliminary estimates

of dietary exposure indicate the need for more refined

exposure estimates. The list is revised periodically to

address EPA’s data needs. 

PDP plays an important role in the implementation of

FQPA. This law, enacted by the U.S. Congress in

1996, directs the Secretary of Agriculture to collect

pesticide residue data on commodities highly

consumed by infants and children. PDP data are used

by EPA to review the safety of existing tolerances

(maximum residue limits) that were in effect when

FQPA was passed. Other government agencies and

industry have used PDP data to promote the export

of American commodities to
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

2

Main Objectives

C Provide the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) with high-quality data on

residues in food. The data are used for dietary risk assessments and pesticide

reregistration under the requirements of the Food Quality Protection Act

(FQPA) .

C Address the recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences’ report

Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children.

C Support Foreign Agricultural Service’s international marketing of U.S.

commodities.

C Provide data on pesticide residues which may affect good agricultural practices

relating to integrated pest management objectives.

C Address USDA’s FQPA responsibilities.

C Provide data for reregistration of minor use crops.

Laboratory Analysis

C Samples prepared as if for consumption

C State-of-the-art instrumentation

C Detection at very low levels

C QA based on EPA Good Laboratory

Practices

C Verification of detected pesticides

C Multiple residue detection methodology

C Standard Operating Procedures

Database Management

C Customized query capability

C Electronic transmission of data

C Standardized data summaries

C Data available on Internet

ñ ñ

USDA Laboratories - 1999

C AMS Eastern Laboratory, Gastonia, NC

C APHIS, NMRAL, Gulfport, MS

C GIPSA, Kansas City, MO

Participating States - 1999

C California

C Colorado

C Florida

C Maryland

C Michigan

ñ

C New York

C Ohio

C Texas

C Washington

C Wisconsin

ñ

ñ ñ

Sample Collection

C Statistically reliable sampling plan

C Data used to make national inferences

C Collected near consumer level

C Represents about 50% of U.S. population

C Commodities consumed mostly by infants

and children

C Origin of product retained

C Reflect postharvest fungicide treatments

C Standard Operating Procedures

Figure 1. Overview of PDP Management and Operations
Hawaii

Figure 2. Participating States and Their Geographical Distribution Areas

Wyoming

New 

Mexico

Alaska

Michigan

Massachusetts

Vermont

Connecticut

Maryland

Florida

Nevada

States Where Produce is Directly

Participating States

Marketed from Participating States

Wisconsin

Virginia

New Jersey

Delaware

Idaho

Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

3

international markets. Customized queries of USDA’s close to the point of consumption as possible. These

PDP database were requested from various sources to sites include terminal markets and large chain store

support their risk assessment and pesticide distribution centers from which food commodities are

information priorities. For example, PDP had released to supermarkets and grocery stores.

generated customized datasets and reports for EPA, Sampling at these locations allows for residue

other Federal and State agencies, grower groups, measurements that include pesticides applied during

chemical manufacturers, and universities to provide crop production and those applied after harvest

residue findings for specific commodity/compound (fungicides, growth regulators, etc.), and takes into

pairs sorted by such data elements as sample origin, account degradation of these chemicals while food

product type, and date of collection. commodities are in storage. Participation as a PDP

 sampling site is voluntary, which sets it apart from

PDP has also provided information to the Codex State and Federal enforcement programs. In 1999, a

Alimentarius Commission, European Union members, total of 476 sampling sites (including corn refineries)

and the World Health Organization on extraneous granted access and provided information to sample

residues in foods (environmental contaminants such as collectors. Their cooperation made it possible to

DDT and metabolites), methods of analysis, and adjust sampling protocols in response to fluctuations

PDP’s Proficiency Evaluation Sample program. in food distribution and production. 

Fruit and vegetable samples are collected at sites as
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

4

Because PDP’s main objective is to collect data for refineries. Because of commodity rotations and

risk assessment evaluations, program operations differ availability, some commodities were sampled only

markedly from those followed by regulatory part of the calendar year (fresh pears, fresh and frozen

monitoring programs (tolerance enforcement). PDP winter squash, and fresh tomatoes collected Januarysamples are collected close to the point of June; canned pears, canned tomatoes, processed oats

consumption and are prepared emulating consumer collected July-December, and lettuce collected

practices. Sampling is based on EPA data needs and October-December). Sample sizes for all fresh fruit

does not interfere with commodity distribution. and vegetables are 5-pounds. Processed commodities

Laboratory operations are geared towards achieving (canned and frozen) are 3-pounds. Corn syrup and

the lowest detectable levels rather than quick sample juices are 1-quart (except for frozen concentrates

turn around and pesticides tested are mainly those where sample sizes are equivalent to 1-quart after

with registered uses in the commodity(ies) rather than dilution), and oats are 1-pound.

screening for all potential illegal residues.) Appendix

A is a chronological history of the commodities in SOPs provide criteria for site selection and specific

PDP from program inception through 2000. instructions for sample selection, shipping and

II. Sampling Operations

ê Background

The goal of PDP’s sampling program is to randomly

select samples from the Nation’s food distribution

system in such a manner that these samples provide

the best possible representation of pesticide residues

in the food supply. To accomplish this goal, PDP uses

sampling protocols that are statistically reliable and

adheres to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to

safeguard sample integrity. Samples are collected by

trained inspectors as close to the point of consumption

as possible at sites where sample identity is still

available. Sampling at these locations takes into

account pesticide degradation that occurs during

transit and storage and also provides information on

residues resulting from postharvest application of

fungicides and growth regulators. PDP sampling

operations are also adjusted according to product

availability. For food commodities that are available

throughout the year, the number of samples collected

is determined by State population (fruit and

vegetables) or commodity production figures (grains).

For 1999 seasonal commodities, however, this

number was adjusted to one-half, single, or double

rates. This adjustment not only reflects market

availability but also ensures that a significant number

of samples is collected during the short periods the

commodity is available. Fruit, vegetable, and oat

samples were collected by State inspectors and corn

syrup samples were collected by participating corn

handling, and chain-of-custody. These SOPs are

updated as needed and serve as a technical reference

in conducting program sampling reviews to ensure

that program goals and objectives are met. 

Chain-of-custody for PDP samples is documented on

the Sample Information Form. The forms are used by

sample collectors to record all available sample

information, such as: (1) the State where the sample

was collected; (2) the date of collection; (3) the

four-digit code for the sampling site; (4) the

commodity code; and (5) the testing laboratory code.

These five pieces of information are combined to form

a unique “sample identification number” for recording

in the PDP database. Additional information includes:

(1) whether the sample is domestic or imported and,

if imported, the country of origin; (2) the name of the

sampling site; (4) the grower, packer, or distributor;

and (5) the potential or known postharvest

applications. The forms are also used to keep track of

any samples that are not collected, lost in transit, or

damaged and unable to be analyzed when received at

the laboratory.

Statistical support for all sampling operations is

provided by USDA’s NASS. Subsequent comparisons of PDP sample origin data with independent

estimates of commodity production figures by State,

as well as import data, indicate close correlations.

Consequently, data collected under this sampling

approach can be considered representative of actual

pesticide residues in the U.S. food supply.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

5

In 1999, PDP States participated in transshipment State population figures were used to assign the

pools whereby all samples of a commodity that were number of fruit and vegetable samples scheduled for

collected by the States in the pool were sent to one or collection each month. These population-based

two laboratories for analysis. This arrangement numbers were: California-14, Colorado-2, Florida-7,

created larger sample sets, increased productivity, and Maryland-4, Michigan-6, New York-9, Ohio-6,

reduced quality control costs. Texas-8, Washington-4, and Wisconsin-2, for a

ê Fresh/Processed Fruit and Vegetables

Fruit and vegetables, including fresh and processed

products, comprised about 95 percent of all samples

collected. Fresh commodities collected in 1999 were

apples, cantaloupes, cucumbers, lettuce, pears,

strawberries, sweet bell peppers, tomatoes, and winter

squash. Processed commodities included grape juice,

canned pears, frozen spinach, frozen strawberries,

canned tomatoes, and frozen winter squash. Samples

were collected at either terminal markets or large

chain store distribution centers. Participating State

agencies were responsible for compiling and

maintaining lists of sampling sites. After establishing

their site lists, States were required to provide AMS

and NASS with annual volume information for each

site (quantity of commodity distributed in 1 year).

This information is used to “weight” the site to

determine the probability for selection. For example,

a weight of “10” may be given to a site that distributes

100,000 pounds of produce annually and a weight of

“1” may be given to a site that distributes 10,000

pounds of produce. The

probability-proportionate-to-size method of site

selection then results in the larger site (distributing

100,000 pounds) being 10 times more likely to be

selected for sampling than the smaller site (distributing

10,000 pounds). Participating States are required to

work with NASS to develop their statistical

procedures for site weighting and selection. States are

also given the option of having NASS perform their

quarterly site selection for them. The number of

sampling sites and the volume of produce distributed

by the sites vary greatly from State to State. Sampling

plans that included sampling dates, sites (primary and

alternate), targeted commodities, and testing

laboratories were prepared by States on a quarterly

basis (3-month period). Collection of commodities

was randomly assigned to various weeks of the month,

prior to selecting specific sampling dates within the

week. Since sampling sites were selected for the

entire quarter, States were allowed to assign the sites

to particular months based on geographic location.

monthly target of 62 samples per commodity

(744/commodity/year). In addition to routine

collection targets, an adjusted sample collection

framework (weighted sampling scheme) was used to

compensate for the seasonality of selected

commodities. Under this weighted scheme,

cantaloupe samples were collected at one-half, single,

and double the routine monthly rate to reflect market

availability. A similar approach was used for

processed commodities where the ratio of fresh/

frozen and juice concentrate/ready-to-serve samples

was adjusted to reflect consumption figures. The

resulting data are expected to more accurately mirror

U.S. changes in consumption patterns based on

commodity availability.

A total of 8,637 fresh and frozen fruit and vegetable

samples were collected during 1999 (see Table 1 for

the number of samples collected per State). Figure 3

shows the total number of samples per commodity

and the percentage of each that were either domestic,

imported, mixed national, or of unknown origin.

Appendix B provides a more detailed breakdown of

sample origin by State or country. Fruit and vegetable

samples originated from 35 States and 22 foreign

countries (including mixed national origin). 

ê Apple Single Serving Survey

PDP conducted a 1-year special survey on single

servings of apples in response to an EPA request for

residue data to estimate acute (short-term) dietary

exposures to organophosphates and carbamates.

Single servings are defined as large unit food items 

such as apples, oranges, pears, etc. in which one unit

may comprise a serving on a single eating occasion. 

Data collected under PDP routine operations are for

“composite samples”, that is, each data point

reflects residues detected in a 3-5 pound sample. 

Composite samples are ideal for estimating chronic

(long-term) exposures. However, to estimate acute

exposure on food commodities commonly

consumed as single servings, EPA requested data

where residues were measured on single portions.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

6

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables

Grain

Processed Fruit and Vegetables Product

Table 1. Samples Collected and Analyzed per Commodity by Each Participating State

State AP AX CN CU LT PE PX PP ST TO WS Fresh

Total

California 82 315 183 160 42 77 76 162 112 80 64 1353

Colorado 12 47 27 24 6 12 12 24 24 12 6 206

Florida 48 227 96 86 21 42 42 83 78 42 42 807

Maryland 24 88 54 48 12 23 23 48 32 24 19 395

Michigan 36 118 81 69 18 34 34 71 71 34 18 584

New York 59 250 119 107 27 53 47 108 108 54 14 946

Ohio 36 181 82 72 18 36 36 72 73 36 17 659

Texas 47 110 109 96 24 48 48 96 89 50 48 765

Washington 24 79 54 48 12 22 22 46 44 22 13 386

Wisconsin 11 48 26 24 5 12 12 23 19 12 5 197

TOTAL 379 1463 831 734 185 359 352 733 650 366 246 6298

State CP GJ SP SZ TC WZ Processed Total F&V OA

Total

California 84 150 149 43 83 -- 509 1862 71

Colorado 12 24 24 -- 12 6 78 284 10

Florida 42 84 84 6 42 -- 258 1065 41

Maryland 24 48 48 14 24 5 163 558 20

Michigan 36 68 71 -- 35 17 227 811 38

New York 54 107 108 -- 54 40 363 1309 50

Ohio 36 69 70 -- 36 18 229 888 29

Texas 48 94 91 6 48 -- 287 1052 41

Washington 24 46 48 -- 24 10 152 538 21

Wisconsin 11 24 22 2 10 4 73 270 11

TOTAL 371 714 715 71 368 100 2339 8637 332

Commodities

AP - Apples (Composite) LT - Lettuce ST - Strawberries (Fresh)

AX - Apple (Single-Serving) OA - Oats (Rolled/Bran) SZ - Strawberries (Frozen)

CN - Cantaloupe PE - Pears (Fresh Composite) TC - Tomatoes (Canned)

CP - Pears (Canned) PX - Pear (Single-Serving) TO - Tomatoes (Fresh)

CU - Cucumbers PP - Sweet Bell Peppers WS - Winter Squash (Fresh)

GJ - Grape Juice (R/CO) SP - Spinach (Frozen) WZ - Winter Squash (Frozen)

R/CO - Ready-to-Serve/Concentrate
52.7% Domestic

45.9% Import

1.4% Unknown

71.6% Domestic

27.8% Import

0.5% Unknown

Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

7

Cantaloupe

(831 Samples)

Apples

(379 Samples)

Cucumbers

(734 Samples)

Strawberries, Fresh

(650 Samples)

Pears, Fresh

(359 Samples)

Lettuce

(185 Samples)

Tomatoes, Fresh

(366 Samples)

Winter Squash, Fresh

(246 Samples) Sweet Bell Peppers

(733 Samples)

B. Processed Commodities (MN = Mixed National Origin)

3.8% MN

0.8% Import

0.9%

Grape Juice

(714 Samples)

Pears, Canned

(371 Samples)

Spinach, Frozen

(715 Samples)

Strawberries, Frozen

(71 Samples)

Tomatoes, Canned

(368 Samples)

Winter Squash, Frozen

(100 Samples)

Figure 3. Commodity Origin

A. Fresh Commodities
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

8

The objectives of this survey were two-fold: to summary, it is safe to assume that nearly all processed

provide data for direct use in probabilistic analysis oat samples are imports. Results are shown in

techniques used in determining acute dietary Appendix G.

exposure and to examine the distribution of residues

within a composite sample. The survey was

conducted utilizing the same sampling frame used for

fruit and vegetables, but the testing protocol was

modified with input from EPA staff to meet the

objectives of the study. The resulting data were also

used by EPA to evaluate the limitations of various

statistical models in predicting concentration of

residues in single servings from composite data. A

detailed explanation of the testing protocol is given in

Section III (Laboratory Operations). A total of 1,463

single serving apple samples were analyzed for

organophosphates and carbamates with results

presented in Appendix E and Appendix F.

ê Pear Single Serving Survey

The special survey on single servings of pears, which

began in July 1998 in response to an EPA emergency

request, was continued through June 1999 to

complete a full year of data. The pear survey follows

a much simpler protocol than the apple survey. Data

from this survey was applied in probabilistic analysis

to estimate acute (short-term) risk to

organophosphates resulting from a single eating

occasion. The survey was conducted using the same

sampling frame used for fruit and vegetables, with

one pear randomly selected for analysis from each 5-

pound sample. The remaining sample was tested as

a composite. A total of 352 single serving pear

samples were analyzed for 26 organophosphates plus

8 metabolites and isomers. Results are shown in

Appendix E.

ê Oat Sample Survey

PDP collected 332 oat samples (rolled and bran).

Samples were collected from routine PDP sampling

sites which include major distribution centers and

terminal markets. Analysis was performed by

GIPSA’s Technical Services Division laboratory

located in Kansas City, Missouri. About 95 percent

of food-grade oats are imports (5% of domestic oats

are food-grade, the remainder is used for forage),

with most of the imports likely coming from Canada.

Therefore, although origin could not be ascertained

for any of the samples, for the purposes of this

ê Corn Syrup Survey

Dextrose Equivalent corn syrup (DE-42/43) is a corn

product used as an ingredient in chocolate, fruit syrups,

ice cream, and candy bars. This sampling survey,

analogous to the 1998 High-Fructose survey, was

developed in cooperation with the Corn Refiners

Association, whose membership represents virtually the

entire U.S. corn syrup industry. Samples were

collected at eight participating refineries four times per

month. One-quart size samples were drawn from

storage containers at the plants and sent to the New

York State laboratory for analysis. A total of 156

samples of DE 42/43 were collected and analyzed.

Results are shown in Appendix H.

III. Laboratory Operations

ê Overview

Eleven laboratories (8 State and 3 Federal) performed

analyses for PDP during 1999. These laboratories are

equipped with instrumentation capable of detecting

residues at very low levels. The laboratory staff receive

intensive training and must demonstrate analytical

proficiency on an ongoing basis. Program scientists

continuously test new technologies and develop new

techniques to improve the levels of detection. Major

changes in methodology are evaluated and their

soundness demonstrated and documented in

accordance with PDP SOPs.

ê Fresh/Processed Fruit and Vegetables

PDP participating laboratories analyzing fruit and

vegetables monitored 104 pesticides plus 49

metabolites, degradates, and isomers using

multiresidue methods (MRMs) and two (2) pesticides

by single or selective residue methods (SRMs). Upon

arrival at the testing facility, samples are visually

examined for acceptability and discarded if determined

to be inedible (decayed, extensively bruised, or

spoiled). Accepted samples are then prepared

emulating the practices of the average consumer to

more closely represent actual exposure to residues.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

9

Fresh samples are prepared as follows: (1) validated by the laboratory performing the analysis. 

cantaloupes are cut in half and seeds and rind

removed; (2) cucumbers, lettuce, and tomatoes are Various types of chromatography are used for the

washed with inedibles removed; (3) pears are initial identification and quantitation of pesticides. All

washed and cored; (4) sweet bell peppers are washed residues initially identified must be verified.

with stem, core, and seeds removed; (5) strawberries Verification is accomplished by various forms of mass

are washed with stem and leaves removed; and (6) spectrometry, or by alternate detection systems,

winter squash is washed with stem and/or end pieces depending on the concentration reported. LODs for

removed. Processed samples are prepared as various selective detectors are generally lower than

follows: (1) fresh and reconstituted grape juices are those achieved by mass spectrometry. Verification is

mixed until homogeneous; (2) grape juice frozen deemed necessary due to the complexity of commodity

concentrates are diluted according to label directions matrices and the low concentration levels of detected

and mixed until homogeneous; and (3) canned and residues. The verification process provides an extra

frozen fruit and vegetables are homogenized with measure of confidence in the identification of both the

their entire contents, including any liquid present. pesticide residue and its concentration. 

 

Laboratories are permitted to refrigerate fresh

incoming fruit and vegetable samples of the same

commodity for up to 72 hours to allow for different

sample arrival times from collection sites. Frozen

and canned commodities can be held in storage

(freezer or shelf) until the entire sample set is ready

for analysis. 

Samples (except grape juice) are homogenized using

choppers and/or blenders and separated into

analytical portions (aliquots) for analysis. If testing

cannot be performed immediately, the entire

analytical set is frozen at -40EC, or lower, according

to PDP's Quality Assurance/Quality Control

(QA/QC) requirements. Surplus aliquots, not used

for the initial testing, are retained frozen in the event

that replication of analysis or verification testing is

required.

For analysis of fruit and vegetables, variations and

combinations of the Luke I (Section 302 of PAM I)

and Luke II (FDA’s Laboratory Information Bulletin

3896) extraction procedures developed by FDA are

used by Michigan, New York, Ohio, and Texas.

California, Florida, and Washington utilize

modifications of the MRM developed by the

California Department of Food and Agriculture

(CDFA). The Luke and CDFA methods and their

variations were determined, through method

validation procedures, to produce equivalent data for

PDP analytical purposes. Residues are extracted

from samples using organic solvents followed by

various cleanup procedures. SRMs, when employed

for abamectin and benomyl, were independently

ê Apple Single Serving Survey

The New York State laboratory analyzed composite

and single serving apples for 38 identified

organophosphate and carbamate pesticides plus 24

metabolites and isomers. The initial protocol required

that 11 medium to large sized apples be chosen at

random from each 5-pound sample. Ten of 11 apples

were washed and cut into eighths. The eleventh apple

was left whole to be washed and analyzed as a single

serving. Four alternate eighths (or one-half apple) of

each of the ten apples were combined as a composite.

The remaining one-half portions of the ten apples were

identified as subsamples and stored for further analysis

if warranted. The composite and the eleventh apple

were analyzed concurrently according to PDP

procedures. If results for the composite sample

exceeded established trigger points of 0.13 parts per

million (ppm) azinphos methyl and/or 0.035 ppm

chlorpyrifos, the remaining half apples were analyzed

individually for all identified organophosphates and

carbamates and designated metabolites and isomers.

During this survey, the protocol was revised to

decrease trigger point concentrations to allow more

rapid collection of single serving data needed to

address dietary risk assessment. The protocol was also

amended to discontinue analysis of the eleventh apple,

substituting concurrent analysis of one of the

subsamples. If results for the composite sample

exceeded the Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) for azinphos

methyl (0.020 ppm) and/or chlorpyrifos (0.010 ppm),

the remaining nine half apples were then analyzed

individually for identified organophosphate compounds
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

10

and designated metabolites and isomers. Figure 4 cleaned up using solid phase extraction procedures.

illustrates the revised protocol followed during this Residues were analyzed utilizing tandem mass

portion of the single serving apple survey. spectrometry technology or post-column derivatization,

Single serving and composite samples were extracted systems.

using established multiresidue procedures and

analysis for selected organophosphates and USDA’s GIPSA laboratory monitored rolled oat and

carbamates and their corresponding metabolites and oat bran samples for 33 pesticides plus 11 metabolites

isomers performed using selective detectors and and isomers. Upon arrival at the testing facility,

post-column derivatization, high-performance liquid samples were visually examined for acceptability and

chromato-graphy detection systems. Verification was discarded if spoiled or otherwise inedible. Oats were

accomplished by various forms of mass spectrometry refrigerated at 10EC, or lower, until homogenization,

or by alternate detection systems, depending on the and then ground and analyzed. Surplus sample

concentration reported. aliquots, not used for the initial testing, were retained

ê Pear Single Serving Pear Survey

Selected PDP participating State laboratories

analyzed single serving pear samples for 26 identified

organophosphate pesticides plus 8 metabolites and

isomers, in addition to the corresponding composite

samples undergoing multiresidue analysis. Upon

receipt of composite pear samples for multiresidue

analysis, an individual pear was randomly selected

from each 5-pound sample, prepared, and analyzed

according to PDP procedures. Single serving

samples were extracted using established

multiresidue procedures and analysis for selected

organophosphates and their metabolites performed

using selective detectors. Verification was

accomplished by various forms of mass spectrometry

or by alternate detection systems, depending on the

concentration reported.

ê Processed Grain Products

The New York State laboratory monitored DextroseEquivalent (DE) 42/43 corn syrup for 82 pesticides

and 21 metabolites, degradates, and isomers. Upon

arrival at the testing facility, samples were visually

examined for acceptability and discarded if leaking or

otherwise inedible. Corn syrup samples were stored

at room temperature until ready for analysis and then

mixed until homogeneous. Surplus sample aliquots,

not used for the initial testing, were retained frozen in

the event that replication of analysis or verification

testing was required. Extraction of corn syrup

samples was accomplished using a MRM developed

by the New York State laboratory. Corn syrup

samples were extracted with organic solvent and

high-performance liquid chromatography detection

refrigerated in the event that replication of analysis or

verification testing was required. Extraction of oat

samples was accomplished using supercritical fluid

extraction (a solventless system) coupled with mass

spectrometry detection or post-column derivatization,

high-performance liquid chromatography detection

systems.

ê Quality Assurance Program

The main objectives of the quality assurance/quality

control (QA/QC) program are to ensure the reliability

of PDP data and the performance equivalency of the

participating laboratories. Direction for PDP's QA

program is provided through SOPs based on EPA's

Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs). A QA Committee,

comprised of program Quality Assurance Officers

(QAOs), is responsible for annually reviewing program

SOPs and addressing QA issues. For day-to-day

quality assurance oversight, PDP relies on the Quality

Assurance Unit (QAU) at each participating facility.

As required under EPA’s GLPs, the QAU operates

independently from the laboratory staff. Preliminary

QA/QC review procedures are performed on-site by

each laboratory's QAU. Final review procedures are

performed by PDP staff who are responsible for

collating and reviewing data for conformance with

SOPs. Additionally, PDP staff also monitor the

participants' performance through proficiency

evaluation samples, QAU quarterly internal reviews,

and on-site visits. Additional information on PDP's QA

program is provided in Appendix C.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

11

Select 10 apples

from sample

Cut each apple

into 8ths

Choose four alternating 8ths

from each apple and combine for

composite (Code AP)

Choose four alternating 8ths of one

apple and combined for single

serving (Code AX, sub A)

Test for identified OPs

Report results

Test for identified OPs

Chlorpyrifos >/= LOQ

(0.010 ppm)

Report results

Azinphos methyl >/= LOQ

(0.020 ppm)

Analyze remaining four-8ths of

each remaining nine half apples

identified for OPs

Figure 4. PDP Apple Single Serving Survey Flowchart
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

12

IV. Database Management

 

PDP maintains an electronic database which serves as

a central repository for its residue monitoring data.

The central database resides at the PDP Staff Office in

Manassas, Virginia. The data captured and stored in

the PDP database include product information,

residue findings, and process control recoveries for

each sample collected and analyzed along with

QA/QC recoveries for each group or set of samples.

Each calendar year survey is stored in a separate

database structure, allowing for easier administration

and reporting of data. Figure 5 depicts the PDP data

life-cycle.

 

ê Electronic Data Life-Cycle

 

In 1994, PDP implemented the Remote Data Entry

(RDE) system, which is a customized software

application that provides participating State and 

Federal laboratories with the ability to enter the

residue monitoring data using interactive data entry

screens and then electronically transmit the data to the

PDP Staff Office via modem and standard telephone

lines. Prior to RDE implementation, all data collected

from PDP laboratories arrived in paper format,

requiring an exhausting data entry process at the PDP

Staff Office.

The RDE data entry screens have extensive edits and

cross-checks built in to ensure that valid values are

entered for all critical data elements (fields). This task

is made easier by the practice of capturing and storing

standardized codes for all critical alphanumeric data

elements rather than their complete names, meanings,

or descriptions. This coding scheme allows for faster

and more accurate data entry, saves disk storage

space, and makes it very easy to perform ad-hoc

queries (data searches) on the database. The data

entry screens also perform edits on numeric fields,

dates, and other character fields to ensure that entries

are within prescribed boundaries.

Several methods of control are employed by the RDE

system to protect the security and integrity of the data.

At the laboratory, the system includes a check to

ensure that a set of data (for 1 commodity for 1

month) has been reviewed and approved for release

by a responsible reviewing officer. This greatly

reduces the chance of receiving incomplete or invalid

data. After one or more data sets are selected for

electronic transfer to the PDP Staff Office, the data for

those sets are written to separate files and those files

are encrypted (scrambled). Also prior to electronic

transfer, a digital signature file is created to

accompany each of the data files. The digital

signature file captures a “picture” of the data along

with a private key code unique to the participating

laboratory. After the digital data files are received at

the PDP Staff Office and are moved to a secure

network drive, the files are decrypted (unscrambled).

The validation of the digital signature attached to the

data files ensures that the sender is an authorized

participating laboratory and that the data files have not

been altered or corrupted intentionally or otherwise. 

At the PDP Staff Office, the RDE system allows the

staff chemists to review the data on-screen and then

to mark the data as ready-for-upload to the central

PDP database. The upload routine launched from

the RDE system converts and passes the data to the

PDP database. The database is presently maintained

using Microsoft Access 97 facilities in a Windows

95/NT operating environment. Access to the central

PDP database is limited to PDP staff personnel only

and is controlled through password protection and

user access rights. System back-ups are done each

night and back-up tapes are sent to off-site storage

once a week.

ê Data Reporting 

The PDP staff receives and responds to requests for

data from government agencies and interested

outside parties. Ad-hoc queries and custom reports

are generated to fill such data requests. An

electronic library of data queries is maintained to

generate standardized data summaries, including the

data tables, charts, and appendices in this annual

summary.

Subsets of the PDP calendar year databases are

made available for download from the PDP Internet

web site. The data files on the web site are fixedlength text files that contain a portion of the

sampling data, all of the reported residue findings,

and reference lists that can be used to interpret the

standardized codes used in the PDP data. The data

files can be imported into defined database
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

13

Sample Collection Laboratory Analysis

- 10 States + USDA

- Samples taken close to consumer

- Standardized Sample Information Form

- 7 States + 3 USDA labs

- Samples prepared for consumption

- Detect residues at low levels

Data Receipt at HQ Lab Remote Data Entry (RDE)

- Stand-alone computer

- Data moved to secure network daily

- Customized data entry software

- Import data from other systems

- Electronic data transmission

Data Review & Upload to DB Year-end Review Data Reporting

- Data reconciliation

- Standard & ad-hoc reporting

- Chemists review data on-screen

- Upload data to central database

Figure 5. PDP Data Life Cycle
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

14

structures and manipulated using any database The PDP data, as well as other monitoring data, are

management software package. used to refine estimates of dietary exposure to

 pesticides. EPA uses all data reported by PDP

Each PDP calendar year database is submitted for including sample results reported as below the LOD.

inclusion in the National Pesticide Residue Database PDP laboratories are required to establish LODs and

(NPRD), which is managed by EPA. NPRD holds to report any instrumental response below the

residue data from various sources, including Federal LOD as a non-detect. LODs are established

and State agencies, colleges and universities, and experimentally for each pesticide/ commodity pair

private companies. and are reported with each data set. Non-detects can

V. Sample Results and Discussion

ê Sample Results

In 1999, PDP conducted surveys on various foods

which included fresh and processed fruit and

vegetables, oats (rolled/bran), and corn syrup. Of

the 9,125 samples collected and analyzed, 8,637

were fruit and vegetable commodities, 332 were

processed oats (rolled/bran), and 156 were corn

syrup. Approximately 67 percent of the fruit and

vegetable samples (domestic and imports) had

detectable pesticide residues. Pesticide residues

were also detected in 8 percent of the oat samples.

No residues were found in any of the corn syrup

samples tested. Approximately 79 percent of all

samples were domestic and 20 percent were imports

(less than 1% were of unknown origin). Imports

were fruit and vegetable commodities and oats.

Appendix D provides a comparison of residues for

selected commodities with a significant import

component.

Appendix E shows residue findings for fruit and

vegetables including tolerance violations, minimum

and maximum concentrations detected, LODs, EPA

tolerances, and, where applicable, Codex

Alimentarius maximum residue limits (MRLs) and

extraneous maximum residue limits (EMRLs).

Appendix F shows results of the apple single serving

survey, including concentration detected in

composite samples and their corresponding values

detected in each of the units making up the

composite. Appendices G and H depict similar

information as Appendix E for oats and corn syrup.

Table 2 gives an overview of the number of residue

detections per commodity class.

be used in conjunction with percent crop treated data

to determine what proportion of these values may be

zeroes. Overall, 36 percent of the samples were

reported as below the LOD (non-detects), and for

samples with residues, most detections were below

established tolerances.

ê National Estimates

 

As discussed in Section II, the PDP sampling frame

incorporates population figures in participating States

(representing approximately 50 percent of the

Nation’s population). There are little or no significant

differences in residue estimates across these States

and, we infer, across all States. More potentially

critical are differences in the residue content of fresh

commodities across months and differences across

types of processed commodities (e.g., frozen vs.

canned tomatoes). Data availability of food products

(volumes of produce moving through wholesalers),

when available, are used to compute nearly unbiased

estimates of pesticide residues in PDP commodities

at the National level.

Appendix I shows National estimates for selected

pesticide/commodity pairs (including metabolites,

degradates, and isomers of pesticides) with

detectable residues in at least 10 percent of the

samples tested. A range of values for the sample

mean (average) residue concentration for each pair is

provided. The lower value for the range was

determined by treating a sample without detectable

residues as if it had a residue concentration equal to

zero. The upper value for the range was determined

by treating such a sample as if it had a residue

concentration equal to the LOD. Calculations for the

50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles for each of the pairs

are shown. The ratio of the 90th percentile to the

tolerance, as a normalization factor, is also provided.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

15

Table 2. Number of Samples and Residues Detected, by Commodity

Total Samples % of Samples Different Total

Samples with Residues with Residues Residues Residue

Analyzed Detected Detected Detected Detections

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

 Apples 379 314 83 12 490

 Apples, Single Serving (O&C) 1,463 1,345 92 14 1,951

 Cantaloupe 831 437 53 29 725

 Cucumbers 734 535 73 39 1,425

 Lettuce 185 69 37 16 117

 Pears 359 347 97 29 762

 Pears, Single Serving (OPs) 352 178 51 7 206

 Strawberries 650 595 92 41 1,643

 Sweet Bell Peppers 733 501 68 44 1,860

 Tomatoes 366 246 67 33 681

 Winter Squash 246 101 41 16 152

TOTAL 6,298 4,668 74 76 10,012

 

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

 Grape Juice 714 300 42 14 328

 Pears, Canned 371 15 4 3 15

 Spinach, Frozen 715 607 85 42 1,706

 Strawberries, Frozen 71 61 86 14 159

 Tomatoes, Canned 368 95 26 22 143

 Winter Squash, Frozen 100 63 63 6 68

TOTAL 2,339 1,141 49 60 2,419

Fruit and Vegetables:

 Number of Samples Analyzed = 8,637

 Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 5,809

 Percent with Residue Detections = 67.3%

 Total Number of Different Residues = 87

 Total Number of Residue Detections = 12,431

Processed Grain Products:

 Corn Syrup 156 0 0 0 0

 Oats, Rolled/Bran 332 28 8 6 29

All Commodities:

 Number of Samples Analyzed = 9,125

 Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 5,837

 Percent with Residue Detections = 64.0%

 Total Number of Different Residues = 90

 Total Number of Residue Detections = 12,460

O&C = Organophosphates & Carbamates

OPs = Organophosphates
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

16

These ratios show that, in most cases, the levels of illustrates these findings. Data used for this table are

detected residues are a small fraction of the tolerances the most recent data collected by PDP for the fresh

for the listed pesticide/commodity pairs. Percent product and 1999 data for the corresponding

detections and percentiles for fresh apples, cantaloupe, processed product. Captan was detected in 42 percent

cucumbers, lettuce, pears, strawberries, and tomatoes of fresh grapes in concentrations ranging from 0.010-

were weighted to reflect 1998 marketing data. No 1.0 parts per million (ppm), whereas no residues were

weighting adjustments were made for frozen spinach, detected in any of the grape juice samples. Similarly,

frozen strawberries, sweet bell peppers, canned chlorpyrifos and myclobutanil were reported in fresh

tomatoes, and frozen winter squash because grapes at 14 and 25 percent respectively, but were not

marketing data were not available. The residue detected in grape juice. In contrast, carbaryl was

detection percentiles for grape juice were also reported in 41 percent of grape juice samples, a much

weighted to reflect sales volume data for canned, higher detection rate than the 6 percent detected in

liquid, and/or frozen processed products. fresh grapes. For fresh pears, thiabendazole and

 

Appendix J displays the estimated distributions of

eight representative pesticide/commodity pairs in

graphical form showing the range of values, the

median at the 50th percentile, and the range in

percentile representing the lower and upper bound for

the sample mean. These pesticide/commodity pairs

are: endosulfan sulfate/cantaloupe, dieldrin/

cucumbers, carbaryl/grape juice, thiabendazole/pears

(fresh), DDE p,p’/spinach (frozen), iprodione/ Pesticides can be applied before and after harvest

strawberries (fresh), acephate/sweet bell peppers, and depending on the crop and approved label use. PDP

methamidophos/sweet bell peppers. In some cases, data captures both pre- and postharvest uses because

there is convergence of the upper and lower bound samples are collected at points where all pesticide

into a single line, because using zero or the LOD for applications have already taken place. Pesticides with

non-detected values becomes insignificant. These postharvest uses are fungicides and selected

graphs visually demonstrate that the overwhelming herbicides (plant growth regulators). According to

majority of pesticide testing results and the respective USDA surveys (1996 NASS/ERS Agricultural

means (average values) are at low concentrations. Chemical Usage Report for Field Crops; 1996

 

ê Fresh vs. Processed

 

The 1999 data show that residue profiles for fresh

products are significantly different than for processed

products. Pesticides reported in previous years as

frequently used (i.e., with high detection rates) in

fresh grapes, pears, and tomatoes were either not

detected or detected at significantly different rates

than grape juice, canned pears, and canned tomatoes.

Various factors may explain these differences in

residue profiles. In some cases, raw agricultural

commodities, if specifically grown for processing, are

likely to receive different chemical treatments than

fresh market products; only a minor component of

fresh market products is used for processing; or

residue concentration or reduction may be a direct

result of processing effects (heat, time, product

preparation, etc.). Table 3 provides a comparison of

residues for fresh and processed products which

azinphos methyl were detected at 80 and 52 percent of

the samples respectively, whereas no detections were

reported in any of the canned pears tested. Detection

rates for chlorpyrifos, endosulfans, and permethrins in

fresh tomatoes were also significantly higher than in

the canned product.

ê Postharvest Applications

NASS/ERS Agricultural Chemical Usage Report for

Vegetables; and 1993 NASS/ERS Agricultural

Chemical Usage Report for Fruits), use of fungicides

comprised about 6 percent of total U.S. pesticide

usage on PDP fruit and vegetable crops; however,

about 18 percent of PDP detections in fruit and

vegetables (fresh and processed) were for residues of

fungicides. The inconsistency between usage and

residue data may be due largely to fungicides applied

after harvest to preserve crops during long term

storage. These postharvest applications may result in

higher detection rates because environmental factors

(rainfall, sunlight, temperature, wind, etc.) which

promote residue dissipation of pesticides applied

before harvest have no effect on crops that are in

storage. Detections reported by PDP in Appendix E

that were most likely generated by postharvest

applications in the raw agricultural commodity include

residues of the fungicides diphenylamine (pears), ophenylphenol (cantaloupe, cucumbers, pears, and
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

17

tomatoes), and thiabendazole (cantaloupe and pears). detected in 19 percent of the strawberries, in 0.3

ê Environmental Contaminants

DDT, DDD, and DDE

A total of 6,379 fruit and vegetables, 332 oats

(rolled/bran), and 156 corn syrup samples were

screened for DDE p,p’, a metabolite of DDT. Other

DDT metabolites tested include DDE o,p’, DDD o,p’,

and DDD p,p’. Use of DDT has been prohibited in

the United States since 1972. However, due to the

persistence of this chemical in the environment,

residues of the DDE p,p’ metabolite were detected in

4.7 percent of the 6,867 samples tested. Residues of

DDE p,p’ were found primarily in 42.7 percent of

frozen spinach and 2.7 percent of lettuce samples. No

residues of DDT or its metabolites were detected in

any of the corn syrup samples tested. All detections

were below the established action levels. 

OTHER EXTRANEOUS PESTICIDES

All aldrin, dieldrin (also a metabolite of aldrin),

heptachlor, and chlordane uses (except termiticide

uses) were canceled in the United States in 1974,

1978, and 1986, respectively. However, residues of

chlordane, dieldrin, and heptachlor epoxide

(metabolite of heptachlor) were detected in cucumber

and winter squash samples. 

Dieldrin was found in 60.0 percent of frozen winter

squash, 7.8 percent of fresh winter squash, 13.7

percent of cucumbers, and 6.4 percent of cantaloupe

samples. Heptachlor epoxide was detected in 2.1

percent of frozen winter squash and less than 1

percent of cantaloupe and cucumbers. Chlordane cis

and trans were also detected in cucumbers at 12.5 and

4.3 percent respectively (see Appendix E). All

detections were below the established action levels.

ê Single/Selective Residue Analyses

ABAMECTIN

A total of 364 tomato samples were tested for

abamectin. Abamectin residues were detected in 0.5

percent of the samples tested (2 samples). Both

detections were well below the established tolerance.

BENOMYL

A total of 2,757 samples (759 cantaloupe, 688

cucumbers, 638 fresh/frozen strawberries, and 672

sweet bell peppers) were tested for benomyl, as the

carbendazim metabolite. Carbendazim residues were

percent of cantaloupe, 0.6 percent of cucumbers, and

11 percent of the sweet bell peppers. All detections

were at levels below the established tolerances.

ê Multiple Residue Detections

The PDP database provides information that can be

used by EPA in evaluating the incidence of multiple

residue detections. Multiple residue detections may

derive from various sources such as applications of

more than one pesticide on a crop during a growing

season, spray drift, transfer through crop rotation,

cross contamination at packing facilities, or persistent

environmental residues. The multiple residue

information is particularly useful in responding to the

1993 NAS report, Pesticides in the Diets of Infants

and Children, which recommended that coordinated

recording of multiple residue scans would make

possible more accurate evaluation of exposure

distributions for multiple chemicals.

 

This information will be very useful in assessing the

cumulative effects of pesticides with similar

mechanisms of action such as cholinesterase inhibitors

and endocrine disruptors. The distribution of multiple

residues in PDP’s database is given in Appendix K.

These data indicate that more than one pesticide

residue was detected in 37 percent of fruit and

vegetable commodities. No correlation exists

between the incidence of multiple residues and

tolerance violations. 

ê Import vs. Domestic Residue Comparisons

The data generated by PDP reflect pesticide residues

in foods available to the U.S. consumer which include

domestic and imported products. Most commodities

are almost entirely of domestic origin with only a

minor import component. Other crops, such as winter

squash, cantaloupe, cucumbers, and sweet bell

peppers, are domestic during warm weather months

and imported during winter months. Appendix D

shows a comparison of selected residues detected in

fresh cucumbers, sweet bell peppers, and fresh winter

squash grown in the U.S. and Mexico and residues

detected in cantaloupe in the U.S., Mexico, and

Central American countries (Costa Rica, Guatemala,

and Honduras). The data indicate that for cucumbers,

a much higher percent of Mexican cucumbers had
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

18

detectable residues and residue profiles are different. A tolerance violation occurs when a residue is found

Eight percent of the Mexican samples had dieldrin which exceeds the tolerance level or when a residue is

residues, compared to 19 percent of the U.S. samples. found for which there is no tolerance for that

Conversely, Mexican cucumbers were found to particular crop. With the exception of meat, poultry,

contain residues of endosulfan I, endosulfan II, and and egg products, for which USDA is responsible,

endosulfan sulfate at 67, 56, and 83 percent tolerancesfor all other foods (imported and domestic

respectively, compared to 24, 22, and 36 percent foods moved through interstate commerce) are

detected in the U.S. product. enforced by FDA at the National level and by the

For sweet bell peppers, 94 percent of Mexican regulatory enforcement authority collect samples for

product had residues, compared to 64 percent of U.S. tolerance enforcement purposes, they must adhere to

samples. The percent of Mexican sweet bell peppers a quick turnaround time and chain-of-custody

containing residues of chlorpyrifos, endosulfans, protocols which allow them to detain the sampled lot

methamidophos, omethoate, and oxamyl was higher until test results are available. PDP is not an

than those for sweet bell peppers grown in the U.S. enforcement program. Consequently, sample analysis

Detection rates for acephate, dicofol, metalaxyl, and does not have to be completed quickly (emphasis is

methomyl were higher for the U.S. grown product. placed on searching for residues at the lowest

For fresh winter squash, one percent of Mexican sample collection does not interfere with commodity

samples had dieldrin compared to 17 percent of the distribution. Samples with residues exceeding the

U.S. grown product. Conversely, 29 percent of tolerance or samples with residues for which there

Mexican winter squash had endosulfan sulfate was no tolerance listed under the Code of Federal

residues, much higher than the 17 percent reported in Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Part 180 were reported

U.S. grown winter squash. to FDA regional and headquarters offices. This is

done in accordance with a Memorandum of

For cantaloupe, imports from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Understanding between USDA and FDA for the

and Honduras were combined to compare them with purpose of pinpointing areas where closer surveillance

domestic product. This approach was taken because may be needed. FDA enforcement action on PDP

of the regional similarities shared by these Central samples generally is not a viable option due to the

American countries and to attain a larger number of time lag from sample collection to data reporting.

samples to make a valid comparison. Domestic

cantaloupe had less residues of endosulfan sulfate and

methomyl than the Mexican and Central American

imports.

ê Tolerance Violations 

A tolerance is defined under Section 408 of the

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as the

maximum quantity of a pesticide residue allowable on

a raw agricultural commodity and is applicable to

processed foods. EPA is in the process of revising

tolerances to ensure that they meet the new standards

required by FQPA. [Under FQPA, the safety standard

for a pesticide tolerance is defined as "a reasonable

certainty that no harm will result from aggregate

exposure to the chemical residue, including all

anticipated dietary exposures for which there is

reliable information."]

States at the local level. When agencies with

detectable levels--not on quick turn-around time) and

Residues exceeding the established tolerance are

noted as “x” in Appendices E, F, G, and H. Similarly,

residues for which a tolerance could not be found in

the 40 CFR, Part 180 are listed as “v”. A tolerance

expression may cover more than one residue because

pesticides may breakdown into one or more

metabolites or contain more than one isomer. For

example, the tolerance for endosulfans covers the

combined residues of endosulfan I, endosulfan II, and

endosulfan sulfate; organophosphate tolerances may

cover the sulfone and sulfoxide metabolites, etc.

Therefore, where applicable (i.e., if residues of

metabolites were detected in the same sample), PDP

combined residues of parent and metabolites of

endosulfan, ethion, fenamiphos, and quintozene and

isomers of lambda cyhalothrin and iprodione to count

the total number of samples with tolerance violations.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

19

Table 3. Selected Residue Comparisons, Fresh vs. Processed

GRAPES (1996) GRAPE JUICE (1999)

Pesticide w/ Detections ppm ppm w/ Detections ppm ppm

% of Samples Detected, Detected, % of Samples Detected, Detected,

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Value Value Value Value

Captan 41.6 0.010 1.0 0 0 0

Carbaryl 6.5 0.010 0.94 40.6 0.003 0.086

Chlorpyrifos 13.7 0.005 0.44 0 0 0

Dimethoate 16.6 0.003 0.66 0.4 0.003 0.005

Omethoate 19.3 0.005 0.23 0.3 0.015 0.015

Iprodione 45.3 0.014 2.4 0.4 0.052 0.052

Myclobutanil 25.0 0.014 0.54 0 0 0

PEARS-Fresh (1999) PEARS-Canned (1999)

Pesticide w/ Detections ppm ppm w/ Detections ppm ppm

% of Samples Detected, Detected, % of Samples Detected, Detected,

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Value Value Value Value

Azinphos methyl 51.8 0.013 0.95 0 0 0

Captan 15.0 0.018 1.1 0 0 0

Diphenylamine-DPA 14.8 0.013 0.69 1.6 0.013 0.050

o-Phenylphenol 20.0 0.013 7.6 2.5 0.013 0.013

Phosmet 13.3 0.008 1.0 0 0 0

Thiabendazole 79.7 0.05 5.2 0 0 0

TOMATOES-Fresh (1999) TOMATOES-Canned (1999)

Pesticide w/ Detections ppm ppm w/ Detections ppm ppm

% of Samples Detected, Detected, % of Samples Detected, Detected,

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Value Value Value Value

Chlorpyrifos 15.1 0.005 0.094 1.6 0.005 0.005

Endosulfan I 25.5 0.003 0.51 0.5 0.008 0.010

Endosulfan II 35.7 0.005 0.23 0.8 0.005 0.013

Endosulfan sulfate 34.6 0.005 0.13 0.3 0.017 0.017

Methamidophos 20.9 0.002 0.32 15.8 0.002 0.028

Permethrin cis 14.9 0.013 0.075 1.1 0.002 0.053

Permethrin trans 15.7 0.008 0.081 1.1 0.002 0.053
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

20

The “x” and “v” annotations are followed by a Approximately 79 percent of all samples tested were

number indicating the number of samples reported to domestic, 20 percent were imported (including

FDA. samples of mixed national origin), and less than 1

Residues exceeding the tolerance were detected in 0.3

percent of all composite samples tested in 1999. Of all samples tested, 0.3 percent were reported as

Residues with no tolerance listed in 40 CFR, Part 180 containing residues exceeding the tolerance and 3.7

were found in 3.7 percent of the samples (244 percent as without tolerances listed in 40 CFR, Part

samples with 1 residue, 24 samples with 2 residues 180.

each, and 3 samples with 3 residues each). In most

cases, these residues were detected at very low levels About 36 percent of all samples had no detectable

and may be due to spray drift or crop rotations. These residues, 29 percent contained one residue, and 35

residue findings are listed in Appendix L. 

ê Synopsis

In 1999, a total of 8,637 fresh and processed fruit and

vegetable samples, 332 oat samples, and 156 corn

syrup samples were analyzed for various pesticides

including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides.

Samples were analyzed using MRMs capable of

detecting various organochlorines, organophosphates,

organosulfurs, organonitrogens, and N-methyl

carbamates. SRMs were used for abamectin in

tomatoes and benomyl in cantaloupe, cucumbers,

strawberries, and sweet bell peppers. In addition,

1,463 single servings of apples and 352 single

servings of pears were collected and analyzed mainly

for organophosphates and metabolites. 

percent were of unknown origin.

percent contained more than one residue. Most of

the residues were detected in fruit and vegetable

commodities. Data for single servings of apples and

pears were not significantly different from composite

data. Environmental contaminants were detected

mainly in frozen spinach, cucumbers, and winter

squash. Postharvest applications contributed

significantly to the number of residues detected in

cantaloupe, cucumbers, pears, and tomatoes. Overall,

levels of residues detected were below tolerances.

For more information on PDP, contact Robert L.

Epstein, Acting Deputy Administrator for Science

and Technology at AMS: (202) 720-5231, 

facsimile: (202)720-6496, electronic-mail: 

Robert.Epstein@usda.gov; or Martha Lamont, 

Chief, Pesticide Data Branch: (703) 330-2300, 

facsimile: (703) 369-0678, electronic mail:

Martha.Lamont@usda.gov.

ggggg

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex,

religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with

disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s

TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue,

SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 
Appendix A

Commodity History

(A Chronological Listing)

 Appendix A shows a chronological listing of all commodities sampled since the

inception of the program through 2000.
APPENDIX A. COMMODITY HISTORY

Fresh Commodities

Months

Start Date End Date in Program Commodity

May-91 Dec-96 65* Grapes

May-91 Dec-94 44 Lettuce

May-91 Dec-95 56 Potatoes

Aug-91 Dec-93 29 Grapefruit

Aug-91 Dec-96 62* Oranges

Sep-91 Dec-96 61* Apples

Sep-91 Sep-95 49 Bananas

Feb-92 Mar-94 26 Celery

Feb-92 Dec-95 47 Green Beans

Feb-92 Sep-96 55* Peaches

Oct-92 Dec-94 27 Broccoli

Oct-92 Sep-96 48* Carrots

Jan-95 Sep-97 30* Spinach

Feb-95 Jan-98 3

@ Wheat

Jan-96 Oct-98 31* Milk

Jan-96 Jun-98 27* Sweet Potatoes

Jul-96 Jun-99 33* Tomatoes

Dec-96 Feb-98 2@ Soybeans

Jan-97 Jun-99 30 Pears

Jan-97 Jun-99 30 Winter Squash

Jan-98 Sep-00 33 Strawberries**

Jul-98 Jun-00 24 Cantaloupe

Jan-99 Dec-00 24 Cucumbers

Jan-99 Dec-00 24 Sweet Bell Peppers

May-00 Aug-00 3*** Cherries

Apr-00 Poultry-Young Chickens

Jul-00 Nectarines

Jul-00 Pineapples

* Excludes sampling hiatus September (partial) - November 1996

** Frozen collected when fresh unavailable

*** Sampling adjusted for market availability, including triple-rate sampling in July 2000 

@ Crop Years

Appendix A. Page 1 of 4
Reintroduced Fresh Commodities

Months

Start Date End Date in Program Commodity

Oct-99 Lettuce

Jan-00 Grapes

Jan-00 Green Beans

Jan-00 Oranges

Apr-00 Potatoes

Oct-00 Apples

Oct-00 Carrots

Appendix A. Page 2 of 4
Processed Commodities

Months

Start Date End Date in Program Commodity Type

Apr-94 Mar-96 24 Sweet Corn Canned/Frozen

Apr-94 Jun-96 27 Peas Canned/Frozen

Jan-96 Jun-98 27* Green Beans Canned/Frozen

Jul-96 Dec-98 27* Apple Juice Processed

Dec-96 Dec-97 13 Peaches Canned

Jan-97 Dec-98 24 Orange Juice Processed

Apr-97 Jun-99 27 Winter Squash Frozen

Oct-97 Dec-98 15 Spinach Canned

Jan-98 Jun-99 17*** Corn Syrup Processed

Jan-98 Dec-99 24 Grape Juice Processed

Jan-98 Sep-00 33 Strawberries Frozen**

Jan-99 Dec-99 12 Spinach Frozen

Jul-99 Jun-00 12 Pears Canned

Jul-99 Jun-00 12 Tomatoes Canned

Jul-99 Apr-00 9 Oats Processed

Jan-00 Dec-00 12 Peanut Butter Processed

Oct-00 Rice Processed

* Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996

** Frozen collected when fresh unavailable

*** Excludes sampling hiatus January 1999

Appendix A. Page 3 of 4
Special Projects (Single Serving Surveys)

Months

Start Date End Date in Program Commodity Analyte(s)

Dec-96 Dec-97 13 Potatoes Aldicarb

Jul-98 Jun-99 12 Pears Organophosphates

Jan-99 Dec-99 12 Apples Organophosphates

Jan-99 May-99 5 Apples Carbamates

Jan-00 Sep-00 9 Peaches

Carbamates, Organochlorines, 

Organophosphates, Organonitrogens, 

Sulfur compounds

Appendix A. Page 4 of 4
Appendix B

Sample Origin by Grower, Packer, or Distributor

Appendix B gives the number of fruit and vegetable and oat samples per State or

country of origin and the number of samples of unknown origin. Where available, origin

of fresh commodities is taken from the grower or packer information. For processed

commodities, origin is determined primarily by packer or distributor.

As shown in Appendix B, fruit and vegetable samples originated from 35 States and

21 foreign countries (includes mixed national origin). All oat samples have been listed in

Appendix B under the Imported Samples section as “Unknown Country.” About 95 percent

of food-grade oats are imports (5 percent of domestic oats are food-grade, the remainder

are used for forage), with most of the imports coming from Canada. Therefore, although

origin could not be ascertained for any of the samples, for the purposes of this summary,

it is safe to assume that nearly all processed oat samples are imports.
Part 1. Domestic Samples

Grain No. of % of 

AP AX CN CU LT PE PX PP ST TO WS CP GJ SP SZ TC WZ OA Domestic Total

States = 35

Arizona 35 6 5 4 18 1 1 1 71 0.8

Arkansas 1 6 1 2 3 13 0.1

California 24 96 328 67 170 7 7 203 514 15 26 198 37 163 29 180 14 2078 23.2

Colorado 1 2 1 9 1 14 0.2

Connecticut 2 2 <0.1 

Delaware 2 2 <0.1 

Florida 61 94 1 161 82 138 14 5 5 31 1 3 596 6.6

Georgia 47 42 1 2 6 2 11 13 124 1.4

Idaho 8 16 3 9 9 69 9 14 1 138 1.5

Illinois 1 1 1 2 11 14 41 4 18 11 104 1.2

Indiana 2 1 1 4 <0.1 

Kentucky 1 1 <0.1 

Maine 2 3 6 3 2 16 0.2

Maryland 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 4 1 8 5 19 4 11 1 64 0.7

Massachusetts 415 415 4.6

Michigan 4 4 4 49 8 2 4 14 26 18 12 6 151 1.7

Minnesota 4 32 1 1 2 7 33 3 5 3 91 1

Missouri 1 10 11 0.1

Nevada 42 42 0.5

New Jersey 2 6 1 15 4 6 4 7 10 8 1 64 0.7

New Mexico 1 1 <0.1 

New York 17 44 4 18 7 1 8 1 16 40 17 5 15 193 2.2

North Carolina 2 2 2 4 3 1 6 1 1 22 0.2

Ohio 1 11 1 1 12 1 1 8 12 23 9 1 81 0.9

Oklahoma 4 40 1 4 2 23 6 1 81 0.9

Oregon 5 14 3 111 109 3 7 34 2 10 298 3.3

Pennsylvania 3 3 9 1 5 3 8 16 4 52 0.6

South Carolina 2 3 1 6 0.1

Tennessee 6 16 22 0.2

Texas 5 33 55 17 3 1 1 9 6 10 3 28 42 66 6 24 11 320 3.6

Utah 1 3 3 1 1 5 14 0.2

Virginia 2 2 8 6 3 3 2 26 0.3

Washington 278 1054 1 9 154 152 8 3 1 14 8 18 6 2 1708 19

West Virginia 1 1 2 <0.1 

Wisconsin 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 9 64 3 3 12 108 1.2

Unknown State 3 4 11 33 5 6 6 33 8 6 8 8 10 12 5 158 1.8

No. of Domestics 360 1354 551 387 181 281 277 525 617 220 103 354 674 694 69 352 94 0 7093

% of Total (nearest %) 95 93 66 53 98 78 79 72 95 60 42 95 94 97 97 96 94 0 79.1

APPENDIX B. SAMPLE ORIGIN BY GROWER, PACKER, OR DISTRIBUTOR

(Number of Samples per State/Country)

Fresh F&V Processed F&V

Appendix B. Page 1 of 2
Part 2. Imported Samples

Grain No. of % of 

AP AX CN CU LT PE PX PP ST TO WS CP GJ SP SZ TC WZ OA Imports Total

Countries = 20

Argentina 34 34 5 73 0.8

Australia 9 9 0.1

Belize 2 2 <0.1 

Canada 12 1 23 13 6 55 0.6

Chile 7 34 32 30 1 104 1.2

China 1 1 <0.1 

Costa Rica 40 40 0.4

Denmark 1 1 <0.1 

Dominican Republic 14 14 0.2

Ecuador 1 1 <0.1 

Guatemala 62 62 0.7

Honduras 44 2 5 51 0.6

Israel 4 1 5 0.1

Italy 3 3 <0.1 

Mexico 115 319 2 156 30 129 130 13 1 2 897 10

Netherlands 18 1 19 0.2

New Zealand 10 73 3 2 1 89 1

Nicaragua 1 1 <0.1 

South Africa 6 6 3 15 0.2

Spain 2 1 3 <0.1 

Unknown Country 1 1 1 4 2 2 1 1 1 332 346 3.9

No. of Imports 18 108 278 337 3 75 72 204 31 146 139 13 6 14 2 11 2 332 1791

% of Total (nearest %) 5 7 33 46 2 21 20 28 5 40 57 4 1 2 3 3 2 100 20.0

Part 3. Mixed National Origin Samples

Grain No. of % of 

CP GJ SP SZ TC WZ OA Mixed Total

1 1 <0.1

4 4 <0.1

2 2 <0.1

Argentina / USA 18 18 0.2

Brazil / USA 2 2 <0.1

No. of Mixed National Origin Samples 27 27

% of Total (nearest %) 4 0.3

Part 4. Unknown Origin

Grain No. of % of 

AP AX CN CU LT PE PX PP ST TO WS CP GJ SP SZ TC WZ OA Unknown Total

Unknown Origin 1 1 2 10 1 3 3 4 2 4 4 7 7 5 4 58

% of Total 0.3 0.1 0.2 1.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.3 1.6 1.1 1 1 1.4 4 0.6

GRAND TOTALS 379 1463 831 734 185 359 352 733 650 366 246 371 714 715 71 368 100 332 8969

COMMODITIES

AP = Apples GJ = Grape Juice, R/CO PP = Sweet Bell Peppers TO = Tomatoes, Fresh

AX = Apples, SS LT = Lettuce SP = Spinach, Frozen WS = Winter Squash, Fresh

CN = Cantaloupe OA = Oats, R/B ST = Strawberries, Fresh WZ = Winter Squash, Frozen

CP = Pears, Canned PE = Pears, Fresh SZ = Strawberries, Frozen

CU = Cucumbers PX = Pears, SS TC = Tomatoes, Canned

SS = Single Serving R/CO = Ready-to-Serve / Concentrate R/B = Rolled / Bran

Argentina / Brazil / Chile / USA

Fresh F&V Processed F&V

Processed F&V

Fresh F&V Processed F&V

Argentina / Brazil / Spain / USA

Argentina / Brazil / USA

Appendix B. Page 2 of 2
Appendix C

Quality Assurance Program Elements

PDP=s Quality Assurance (QA) program covers all aspects of data gathering, from

sample collection to data reporting. QA protocols for sampling are designed to protect

sample integrity from the time of collection to the time of delivery at the testing facilities.

QA protocols for testing comprise all laboratory operations from the time of sample receipt

to the time data are reported to PDP=s central database. PDP laboratories guarantee

reported results by adherence to strict QA requirements. In 1999, 99.8 percent of the data

reported to the database met QA guidelines. Less than one-quarter of 1 percent of

reported results were associated with either fortification and/or process control data which

did not meet QA criteria and were rejected. As described in this appendix, the QA program

has five elements: 1) Standard Operating Procedures; 2) On-site Reviews; 3) Proficiency

Check Samples; 4) Quality Control Procedures; and 5) Method Performance and

Verification Procedures.
Appendix C. Page 1 of 2

APPENDIX C. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) - Written SOPs are in place to provide uniform

administrative, sampling, and laboratory procedures. SOPs are revised annually to accommodate

changes in the program. Before submission, data are reviewed by each Quality Assurance Unit (QAU)

for completeness and adherence to PDP requirements.

2. On-site Reviews - On-site reviews are performed to determine compliance with PDP SOPs.

Improvements in sampling, chain-of-custody, recordkeeping, laboratory, and electronic data

transmission procedures are made as a result of on-site reviews.

3. Proficiency Check Samples - All facilities are required to participate in PDP's Check Sample

program. Check samples are issued to laboratories performing analysis with multiresidue methods

and/or single/selective residue methods. Periodically, one to three prepared commodities, containing

pesticide(s) of known quantities, are sent to the participating laboratories and tested under the same

conditions as routine samples. The resulting data are used to determine performance equivalency

among the testing laboratories, and to evaluate individual laboratory performance. During 1999, PDP

laboratories received 4 proficiency sample sets consisting of 12 fruit and vegetable samples for

multiresidue screening, 3 sets consisting of 9 fruit and vegetable samples for single/selective residue

screening, 1 oats multiresidue set consisting of 3 samples, and 1 single serving apple multiresidue set

consisting of 3 samples. For fruit and vegetable multiresidue screening, a total of 96 samples covering

12 commodities were fortified with 46 compounds, with 3 repeated once, at levels generally 1-10 times

the limit of quantitation (LOQ). Results yield an overall mean percent coefficient of variation (%C.V.)

of 21 percent. Twelve incurred residues were present in these sets in five commodities, with two

residues occurring three times, at levels less than 0.5 ppm, with reported results having an overall

mean %C.V. of 27 percent.

4. Quality Control Procedures - PDP operating procedures for quality control (QC) are intended to

assess method and analyst performance during sample preparation, clean-up, extraction, and, where

applicable, derivatization. To maximize sample output and decrease the QC/sample ratio, samples are

analyzed in analytical sets, not to exceed 20 samples per set, which include the sample set and the

following components.

a. Reagent Blank: For analysis of fruit and vegetable and corn syrup products, an amount of

distilled water, equivalent to the natural moisture content of the commodity, is run through the

entire analytical process to determine glassware cleanliness and system integrity. For grain

analysis, performed by supercritical fluid extraction, an empty extraction cell is run through the

analytical procedure to demonstrate system integrity.

b. Matrix Blank: A previously analyzed sample of the same commodity, which contains either

very low concentrations of known residues or no detectable residues, is divided into two

portions. The first portion is used to give background information on naturally occurring

chemicals, and the second is used to prepare a matrix spike.

c. Matrix Spike(s): Prior to extraction, a portion(s) of matrix blank is spiked with marker

pesticides to determine the accuracy of the analyst and instrument performance. Marker

pesticides are compounds selected from different pesticide classes (organochlorines,

organophosphates, carbamates), which have physical and chemical characteristics similar to

those in the class they represent. The use of marker pesticides to monitor recoveries is a

modification of PDP’s previous requirements that called for spiking with all pesticides. Because

of the large number of pesticides in the program, spiking with all compounds required several
Appendix C. Page 2 of 2

spike mixtures (to avert coelution problems), which, in turn, resulted in lengthy run times.

During 1999, PDP laboratories quantitated a total of 22,510 matrix spikes, with an overall mean

recovery of 91 percent, overall standard deviation of 25 percent, and overall %C.V. of 28

percent.

d. Process Control Spike: A compound of physical and chemical characteristics, similar to

those of the pesticides being tested, is used to evaluate the analytical process on a sample-bysample basis. Each of the analytical set components, except the reagent and matrix blanks,

is spiked with process controls. During 1999, PDP laboratories quantitated a total of 34,855

process controls on 9,125 samples, with an overall mean recovery of 93 percent, overall

standard deviation of 16 percent, and overall %C.V. of 18 percent. Of these process controls,

322 (0.9%) were rerun due to initial failure to meet PDP recovery criteria. These rerun values

are not included in these statistics for illustrative purposes; however, reported data are those

obtained from sample reanalysis.

5. Method Performance and Verification Procedures - Laboratories are required to determine and verify

the limits of detection (LODs) and LOQs for each pesticide/commodity pair. LODs depend on matrix,

analyte, and detector used, and range from 0.001 to 0.23 ppm, with the exception of fenvalerate,

reported by one laboratory as total combined fenvalerate, or fenvalerate plus the esfenvalerate isomer.

(Information on specific LODs and LOQs is available upon request.) Verification by mass spectrometry

or a suitable alternate detection system, is required for all initial determinations. Verified residue amounts

above LOD and below LOQ are reported as below quantifiable level and assigned values at 1⁄2 LOQ at

the request of EPA for use in dietary risk assessment. If a detected residue exceeds the established

tolerance, the sample is reanalyzed from the frozen homogenate, along with the appropriate blanks and

a spike of the residue at the suspected level. 
Appendix D

Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons

PDP was designed to provide a comprehensive statistical picture of pesticide

residues in the U.S. food supply, representing all sources including imports. Most

commodities consumed are generally produced in the United States with import components

which vary by commodity. However, several commodities tested over the past several years

were cyclical; part of the year domestic and part import. 

Appendix D compares residue data reported for cucumbers, sweet bell peppers, and

fresh winter squash from the United States and Mexico for 1997-1999. Also reported are

data for cantaloupe from the United States, combined Central American countries, and

Mexico for 1998 and 1999. Only residues detected in more than 10 percent of the samples

are included in this section of the appendix. All pesticides detected were registered in the

United States. However, the profiles of residue findings were markedly different in the

United States samples versus samples from these exporting countries. The National

differences in residue findings were due to the pesticides used to sustain crop protection

based on the environment, climate, and growing conditions.
Origin Year

# of 

Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 1999 387 225 58 504

Mexico 1999 319 291 91 863

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in cucumbers are listed in Appendix E.

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Dieldrin United States 385 72 19

Mexico 316 25 8

Endosulfan I United States 385 93 24

Mexico 317 213 67

Endosulfan II United States 385 86 22

Mexico 317 179 56

Endosulfan sulfate United States 385 137 36

Mexico 317 263 83

Methamidophos United States 385 11 3

Mexico 317 79 25

1999 Distribution of Residues for Cucumbers

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Mexico

1999 Distribution of Residues for Cucumber Samples

Originating in Mexico vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10% of Samples)

Appendix D. Page 1 of 4
Origin Year

# of 

Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 1999 525 335 64 959

Mexico 1999 156 146 94 855

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in sweet bell peppers are listed in Appendix E.

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Acephate United States 514 145 28

Mexico 153 25 16

Chlorpyrifos United States 522 24 5

Mexico 156 88 56

Dicofol p,p' United States 510 66 13

Mexico 156 17 11

Endosulfan I United States 502 45 9

Mexico 154 103 67

Endosulfan II United States 503 53 11

Mexico 154 107 69

Endosulfan sulfate United States 503 46 9

Mexico 154 106 69

Metalaxyl United States 389 75 19

Mexico 90 9 10

Methamidophos United States 514 161 31

Mexico 153 88 58

Methomyl United States 522 78 15

Mexico 156 7 4

Omethoate United States 514 21 4

Mexico 151 48 32

Oxamyl United States 522 46 9

Mexico 156 27 17

Originating in Mexico vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10% of Samples)

1999 Distribution of Residues for Sweet Bell Peppers

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Mexico

1999 Distribution of Residues for Sweet Bell Pepper Samples

Appendix D. Page 2 of 4
Origin Year

# of 

Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 1997 258 90 35 173

1998 347 146 42 208

1999 103 51 50 78

1997-1999 708 287 41 459

Mexico 1997 161 71 44 107

1998 170 68 40 110

1999 130 41 32 62

1997-1999 461 180 39 279

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in fresh winter squash are listed in Appendix E.

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Dieldrin United States 471 81 17

Mexico 278 4 1

Endosulfan sulfate United States 708 121 17

Mexico 461 135 29

1997-1999 Distribution of Residues for Fresh Winter Squash Samples

Originating in Mexico vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10% of Samples)

1997-1999 Distribution of Residues for Fresh Winter Squash

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Mexico

Appendix D. Page 3 of 4
Origin Year

# of 

Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 1998** 382 144 38 183

1999 551 217 39 302

1998-1999 933 361 39 485

Central America* 1998** 5 5 100 7

1999 146 122 84 243

1998-1999 151 127 84 250

Mexico 1998** 26 17 65 23

1999 115 80 70 135

1998-1999 141 97 69 158

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Endosulfan sulfate United States 929 113 12

Central America* 149 85 57

Mexico 136 71 52

Methomyl United States 929 47 5

Central America* 149 67 45

Mexico 136 9 7

* Combined findings from Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Honduras.

** Samples collected for only 6 months in 1998 (July - December).

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in cantaloupe are listed in Appendix E.

Originating in Central America* and Mexico vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10% of Samples)

1998-1999 Distribution of Residues for Cantaloupe

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in 

1998-1999 Distribution of Residues for Cantaloupe Samples

Central America* and Mexico

Appendix D. Page 4 of 4
Appendix E

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide

in Fruit and Vegetables

In 1999, 8,637 fruit and vegetable samples were analyzed, of which 6,822 were

composite samples and 1,815 were single serving samples (apples and pears). Appendix

E shows residue detections for all fruit and vegetable pesticide/commodity pairs tested,

including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous

Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair.

Appendix E lists results by compound in alphabetical order. Sample results for

ready-to-serve and concentrate grape juice were combined.

Compounds that were required to be reported by all participating laboratories are

underlined. Compounds not underlined are not required and may not be reported by all

laboratories. All reported compounds, required and non-required, must be validated

through PDP method validation procedures. Non-required compounds are not subject to

the same daily quality assurance/quality control requirements as required compounds.

PDP also reports tolerance violations to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

as part of an interagency Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Department

of Agriculture and FDA. Residues reported to FDA are shown in the APesticide@ column

to the right of the compound and are annotated as Ax@ (if the residue exceeded the

established tolerance) or Av@ (if the residue did not have a tolerance listed in the Code of

Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Part 180). In both cases, these annotations are

followed by a number indicating the number of samples reported to FDA.

Codex MRLs in commodities represent toxicological pesticide residue levels, based

on Acceptable Daily Intakes (ADIs) permitted by the Joint (Food and Agriculture/World

Health Organization) FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR). The JMPR is

an independently appointed panel of expert scientists. Similarly, EMRLs represent

acceptable levels of persistent pesticides in the environment which are no longer

registered for use in agriculture.

MRLs/EMRLs used in this appendix are values of pesticides and their metabolites,

for the commodities either individually or part of a commodity group as they appear in the

second addition of Volume B of the Codex Alimentarius Publication.
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

1 1-Napthol (metabolite of Carbaryl)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.015 ^ 10 -

Grape Juice 149 3 2 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 10 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 164 0 0.015 ^ 10 -

Tomatoes, Canned 81 0 0.015 ^ 10 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 80 1 1.3 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 10 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 42 0 0.015 ^ 10 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 37 0 0.015 ^ 10 -

Total 739 4

2 3-Hydroxycarbofuran (metabolite of Carbofuran)

Apples 379 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 495 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.003 - 0.076 0.2 0.2

Cucumbers 730 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.2 0.3

Grape Juice 714 0 0.003 - 0.076 0.2 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.012 - 0.076 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.2 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.013 - 0.020 0.2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 5 0.7 0.005 - 0.018 0.003 - 0.020 0.2 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.003 - 0.076 0.6 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.003 - 0.013 0.6 -

Total 7293 5

3 Abamectin (insecticide)

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 2 0.5 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ 0.01 -

Total 364 2

4 Acephate (insecticide)

Apples 379 1 0.3 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.02 -

Apples, Single Serving 1427 4 0.3 0.007 - 0.016 0.004 ^ 0.02 -

Cantaloupe (X-3) 826 12 1.5 0.003 - 0.099 0.002 - 0.006 0.02 -

Cucumbers 730 2 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.012 0.02 -

Grape Juice 713 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.02 -

Lettuce 185 29 15.7 0.003 - 0.25 0.002 - 0.005 10 5

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.02 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.02 -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.02 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 3 0.4 0.003 - 0.007 0.002 - 0.012 0.02 -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 2 0.3 0.007 ^ 0.002 - 0.012 0.02 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.02 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 718 181 25.2 0.003 - 1.4 0.002 - 0.010 4.0 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 2 0.5 0.007 - 0.008 0.002 - 0.010 0.02 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 1 0.3 0.008 ^ 0.002 - 0.010 0.02 1

Winter Squash, Fresh (X-1) 246 4 1.6 0.008 - 0.089 0.002 - 0.006 0.02 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.02 -

Total 8564 241

5 Aldicarb (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 495 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 623 0 0.002 - 0.021 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.012 - 0.021 NT -

Grape Juice 536 0 0.002 - 0.021 NT 0.2

Lettuce 54 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 281 0 0.012 - 0.021 NT -

Pears, Fresh 269 0 0.012 - 0.021 NT -

APPENDIX E. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE

IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

Appendix E. Page 1 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.012 - 0.020 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.002 - 0.020 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.020 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.020 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 156 0 0.002 - 0.021 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.021 NT -

Total 3144 0

6 Aldicarb sulfone (metabolite of Aldicarb)

Apples 379 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 495 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.004 - 0.075 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.020 - 0.041 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.075 NT 0.2

Lettuce 185 0 0.021 - 0.075 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.021 - 0.075 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.021 - 0.075 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.010 - 0.022 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.010 - 0.022 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.020 - 0.022 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.004 - 0.021 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.004 - 0.021 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.004 - 0.021 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.075 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.041 NT -

Total 7293 0

7 Aldicarb sulfoxide (metabolite of Aldicarb)

Apples 379 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 495 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.004 - 0.076 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.017 - 0.036 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.076 NT 0.2

Lettuce 185 0 0.027 - 0.076 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.017 - 0.076 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.017 - 0.076 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.010 - 0.027 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.010 - 0.027 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.017 - 0.027 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.004 - 0.027 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.004 - 0.027 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.004 - 0.027 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.076 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.036 NT -

Total 7293 0

8 Aldrin (insecticide) (parent of Dieldrin)

Cucumbers 180 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.1

Spinach, Frozen 353 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL 0.05

Strawberries, Fresh 338 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 356 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL 0.1

Tomatoes, Canned 180 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 180 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05 AL 0.1

Total 1599 0 -

9 Allidochlor (herbicide) -

Spinach, Frozen 58 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 74 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 75 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 60 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Total 267 0

Appendix E. Page 2 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

10 Amitraz (insecticide) -

Spinach, Frozen 58 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 59 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 45 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 45 0 0.020 ^ NT 0.5

Total 207 0

11 Anilazine (fungicide) -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.052 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 478 0 0.018 - 0.083 NT -

Grape Juice 134 0 0.052 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 173 0 0.018 - 0.052 NT -

Pears, Fresh 139 0 0.018 - 0.052 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 445 0 0.018 - 0.083 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh (V-6) 425 6 1.4 0.097 - 0.73 0.018 - 0.083 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 14 0 0.018 - 0.083 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 281 0 0.020 - 0.083 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 105 0 0.020 - 0.083 NT 10

Tomatoes, Fresh 180 0 0.020 - 0.083 NT 10

Winter Squash, Fresh 11 0 0.052 ^ NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 34 0 0.052 ^ NT -

Total 2605 6

12 Atrazine (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.010 - 0.024 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.010 - 0.024 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.010 - 0.024 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.010 - 0.024 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.010 - 0.024 NT -

Spinach, Frozen (V-1) 715 1 0.1 0.028 ^ 0.002 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.002 - 0.020 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.020 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.010 - 0.024 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.010 - 0.019 NT -

Total 6419 1

13 Azinphos (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 237 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Cucumbers 207 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Grape Juice 198 0 0.006 ^ 5.0 -

Lettuce 54 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 108 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Pears, Fresh 100 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Pears, Single Serving 99 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Spinach, Frozen 197 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Strawberries, Fresh 144 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Strawberries, Frozen 57 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 210 0 0.006 ^ 0.3 -

Tomatoes, Canned 107 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 104 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 83 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 5 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Total 1910 0

14 Azinphos methyl (insecticide)

Apples 379 250 65.9 0.010 - 0.26 0.006 ^ 2.0 2

Apples, Single Serving 1427 1088 76.2 0.010 - 0.55 0.006 ^ 2.0 2

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.008 - 0.023 2.0 0.2

Cucumbers 730 0 0.008 - 0.025 2.0 0.2

Grape Juice 714 0 0.008 - 0.023 5.0 1

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.012 NT 0.5

Appendix E. Page 3 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.008 - 0.013 2.0 2

Pears, Fresh 359 186 51.8 0.013 - 0.95 0.008 - 0.013 2.0 2

Pears, Single Serving 352 152 43.2 0.013 - 0.87 0.008 - 0.013 2.0 2

Spinach, Frozen 714 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.006 - 0.025 2.0 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 640 2 0.3 0.068 - 0.20 0.006 - 0.025 2.0 1

Strawberries, Frozen 71 2 2.8 0.043 - 0.20 0.008 - 0.025 2.0 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 6 0.8 0.013 - 0.11 0.006 - 0.025 0.3 1

Tomatoes, Canned 368 2 0.5 0.010 - 0.013 0.006 - 0.025 2.0 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 3 0.8 0.013 ^ 0.006 - 0.025 2.0 1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.008 - 0.023 NT 0.5

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.008 - 0.023 NT 0.5

Total 8576 1692

15 Benomyl (fungicide) (analyzed as carbendazim)

Cantaloupe 759 2 0.3 0.083 ^ 0.050 ^ 1.0 -

Cucumbers 688 4 0.6 0.083 ^ 0.050 ^ 1.0 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 573 116 20.2 0.083 - 1.5 0.050 ^ 5.0 -

Strawberries, Frozen 65 7 10.8 0.083 - 0.26 0.050 ^ 5.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 672 7 1 0.083 - 0.31 0.050 ^ 0.2 -

Total 2757 136

16 BHC alpha (insecticide)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Total 706 0

17 BHC beta (isomer of BHC alpha)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Total 706 0

18 BHC delta (isomer of BHC alpha)

Spinach, Frozen 120 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 97 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 102 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 30 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Total 439 0

19 Bifenthrin (insecticide)

Cucumbers 180 0 0.025 ^ 0.4 -

Spinach, Frozen 353 0 0.006 - 0.025 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 338 21 6.2 0.010 - 0.23 0.006 - 0.025 3.00 1

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.025 ^ 3.00 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 356 0 0.006 - 0.025 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 180 0 0.006 - 0.025 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 180 0 0.016 - 0.025 NT -

Total 1599 21

20 Captafol (fungicide) (parent of THPI)

Cucumbers 180 0 0.033 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 175 0 0.033 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 126 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 8 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 179 0 0.033 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.033 ^ 15 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.033 ^ 15 -

Total 848 0

Appendix E. Page 4 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

21 Captan (fungicide) (parent of THPI)

Cantaloupe 804 0 0.012 - 0.017 25 -

Cucumbers 566 4 0.7 0.018 - 0.020 0.011 - 0.017 25 -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.012 - 0.017 50 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.012 ^ 100 -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.011 - 0.017 25 25

Pears, Fresh 359 54 15 0.018 - 1.1 0.011 - 0.017 25 25

Spinach, Frozen 601 0 0.006 - 0.017 100 -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 400 62.5 0.010 - 19 0.006 - 0.017 25 20

Strawberries, Frozen 71 44 61.9 0.020 - 0.49 0.011 - 0.017 25 20

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 9 1.2 0.010 - 0.11 0.006 - 0.017 25 -

Tomatoes, Canned 353 0 0.006 - 0.017 25 15

Tomatoes, Fresh 341 1 0.3 0.028 ^ 0.006 - 0.017 25 15

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 1 0.4 0.020 ^ 0.012 - 0.017 25 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.012 - 0.017 25 -

Total 6081 513

22 Carbaryl (insecticide)

Apples 379 52 13.7 0.010 - 0.27 0.006 ^ 10.0 5

Apples, Single Serving 495 39 7.9 0.010 - 0.42 0.006 ^ 10.0 5

Cantaloupe 826 8 0.9 0.003 - 0.033 0.002 - 0.025 10 3

Cucumbers 730 13 1.8 0.013 - 0.14 0.008 - 0.021 10 3

Grape Juice 714 290 40.6 0.003 - 0.086 0.002 - 0.025 10 5

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.025 10 10

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.008 - 0.025 10.0 5

Pears, Fresh 359 13 3.6 0.013 - 0.68 0.008 - 0.025 10.0 5

Spinach, Frozen 715 1 0.1 0.027 ^ 0.006 - 0.021 12 10

Strawberries, Fresh 640 97 15.2 0.010 - 4.7 0.006 - 0.021 10 7

Strawberries, Frozen 71 17 23.9 0.013 - 1.4 0.008 - 0.021 10 7

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 67 9.2 0.003 - 1.8 0.002 - 0.010 10 5

Tomatoes, Canned 368 5 1.4 0.003 - 0.013 0.002 - 0.010 10 5

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.010 10 5

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.002 - 0.025 10 3

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.010 10 3

Total 7293 602

23 Carbofuran (insecticide) (parent of 3-Hydroxycarbofuran)

Apples 379 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 495 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.003 - 0.025 0.2 0.2

Cucumbers 730 3 0.4 0.022 - 0.10 0.013 - 0.031 0.2 0.3

Grape Juice 713 0 0.003 - 0.025 0.2 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.025 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.013 - 0.031 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.013 - 0.031 NT -

Spinach, Frozen (V-1) 715 1 0.1 0.028 ^ 0.010 - 0.031 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.010 - 0.031 0.2 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.013 - 0.031 0.2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 6 0.8 0.022 - 0.067 0.003 - 0.017 0.2 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.017 NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.017 NT 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.003 - 0.025 0.6 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.003 - 0.015 0.6 -

Total 7292 10

24 Carbophenothion (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

Appendix E. Page 5 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

25 Chlordanes Total (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 193 0 0.011 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Cucumbers 179 0 0.011 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Grape Juice 176 0 0.011 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Pears, Canned 90 0 0.011 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Pears, Fresh 74 0 0.011 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Winter Squash, Fresh 28 0 0.011 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Winter Squash, Frozen 47 0 0.011 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Total 787 0

26 Chlordane cis (chlordane isomer)

Cucumbers 48 6 12.5 0.005 - 0.14 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Spinach, Frozen 222 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL 0.02

Strawberries, Fresh 171 2 1.2 0.003 ^ 0.001 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Bell Peppers 207 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes, Canned 120 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Total 858 8

27 Chlordane trans (chlordane isomer)

Cucumbers 47 2 4.3 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Spinach, Frozen 222 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL 0.02

Strawberries, Fresh 171 2 1.2 0.003 ^ 0.001 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Bell Peppers 222 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes, Canned 120 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Total 872 4

28 Chlorfenvinphos alpha/beta (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

29 Chlorothalonil (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 806 2 0.2 0.008 - 0.012 0.005 - 0.030 5 -

Cucumbers 730 33 4.5 0.007 - 0.091 0.004 - 0.008 5 5

Grape Juice 714 0 0.005 - 0.030 NT 0.5

Lettuce 185 0 0.005 - 0.007 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Pears, Fresh (V-1) 359 1 0.3 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 519 0 0.004 - 0.005 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 469 0 0.004 - 0.005 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.005 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-4) 553 4 0.7 0.008 - 0.050 0.005 - 0.030 NT 7

Tomatoes, Canned 278 0 0.005 - 0.030 5 5

Tomatoes, Fresh 265 23 8.7 0.008 - 0.14 0.005 - 0.030 5 5

Winter Squash, Fresh 219 20 9.1 0.008 - 0.17 0.005 - 0.030 5 5

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 1 1 0.008 ^ 0.005 - 0.030 5 5

Total 5639 84

30 Chlorpropham (herbicide, growth regulator)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.010 - 0.025 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.010 - 0.017 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.010 - 0.023 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.010 - 0.023 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.006 - 0.025 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.006 - 0.025 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.010 - 0.025 NT -

Appendix E. Page 6 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-3) 730 3 0.4 0.010 ^ 0.006 - 0.025 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.006 - 0.025 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh (V-1) 364 1 0.3 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.025 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Total 6419 4

31 Chlorpyrifos (insecticide)

Apples 379 91 24 0.005 - 0.17 0.003 ^ 1.5 1

Apples, Single Serving 1463 503 34.4 0.005 - 0.54 0.003 ^ 1.5 1

Cantaloupe (V-10) 826 10 1.2 0.007 - 0.024 0.004 - 0.011 NT -

Cucumbers (X-1) 730 9 1.2 0.007 - 0.094 0.004 - 0.009 0.05 -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.014 0.5 1

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 ^ 1 0.1

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.009 0.05 0.5

Pears, Fresh (X-1) 359 6 1.7 0.007 - 0.15 0.004 - 0.009 0.05 0.5

Pears, Single Serving 352 4 1.1 0.007 - 0.23 0.004 - 0.009 0.05 0.5

Spinach, Frozen (V-47) 715 47 6.6 0.005 - 0.11 0.003 - 0.008 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 7 1.1 0.005 - 0.058 0.003 - 0.008 0.2 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 113 15.5 0.004 - 0.49 0.003 - 0.011 1.0 0.5

Tomatoes, Canned 368 6 1.6 0.005 ^ 0.003 - 0.011 0.5 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 55 15.1 0.005 - 0.094 0.003 - 0.011 0.5 0.5

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.011 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.011 NT -

Total 8613 851

32 Chlorpyrifos methyl (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.5

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.5

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.5

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.5

Total 2548 0

33 Coumaphos (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

34 Coumaphos oxygen analog (metabolite of Coumaphos)

Apples 379 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

35 Cyfluthrin (insecticide)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.025 - 0.050 NT

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.025 - 0.050 NT

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 3 1.7 0.042 ^ 0.025 - 0.050 0.50 0.2

Tomatoes, Canned 75 0 0.025 - 0.050 0.20 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.050 ^ 0.20 0.5

Total 691 3

Appendix E. Page 7 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

36 Cypermethrin (insecticide)

Cucumbers 344 0 0.043 - 0.050 NT 0.2

Pears, Canned 83 0 0.043 ^ NT 2

Pears, Fresh 80 0 0.043 ^ NT 2

Spinach, Frozen (V-14) 519 14 2.7 0.083 - 1.7 0.025 - 0.070 NT 2

Strawberries, Fresh 496 0 0.025 - 0.070 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 14 0 0.043 - 0.050 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 356 0 0.025 - 0.070 NT 0.5

Tomatoes, Canned 180 0 0.025 - 0.070 NT 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 180 0 0.025 - NT 0.5

Total 2252 14

37 DCPA (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 826 1 0.1 0.027 ^ 0.006 - 0.007 1 -

Cucumbers 730 1 0.1 0.008 ^ 0.005 - 0.006 1 -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.006 - 0.008 NT -

Lettuce 185 3 1.6 0.010 - 0.012 0.006 - 0.007 2 -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.005 - 0.007 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.005 - 0.007 NT -

Spinach, Frozen (V-67) 715 67 9.4 0.002 - 0.065 0.001 - 0.006 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 2 0.3 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.006 2 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.005 - 0.006 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.001 - 0.007 2 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.001 - 0.007 1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.007 1 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.006 - 0.007 1 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.006 - 0.007 1 -

Total 6419 74

38 DDD o,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Spinach, Frozen 178 6 3.4 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.003 0.5 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Total 706 6

39 DDD p,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Cantaloupe 237 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL-

Cucumbers 499 0 0.008 - 0.021 0.1 AL-

Grape Juice 198 0 0.008 ^ 0.05 AL-

Lettuce 54 0 0.008 ^ 0.5 AL -

Pears, Canned 191 0 0.008 - 0.021 0.1 AL-

Pears, Fresh 114 0 0.008 - 0.021 0.1 AL-

Spinach, Frozen 675 18 2.7 0.002 - 0.006 0.001 - 0.021 0.5 AL -

Strawberries, Fresh 572 0 0.001 - 0.021 0.1 AL-

Strawberries, Frozen 70 0 0.008 - 0.021 0.1 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 566 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 287 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 284 0 0.003 - 0.05 AL-

Winter Squash, Fresh 83 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL-

Winter Squash, Frozen 5 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL-

Total 3835 18

40 DDE o,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.5 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 147 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Total 676 0

41 DDE p,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Cantaloupe 826 2 0.2 0.010 ^ 0.006 - 0.007 0.1 AL-

Cucumbers 716 2 0.3 0.005 ^ 0.003 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Grape Juice 714 0 0.006 - 0.008 0.05 AL-

Appendix E. Page 8 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Lettuce 185 5 2.7 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 0.5 AL-

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.003 - 0.007 0.1 AL-

Pears, Fresh 346 0 0.003 - 0.007 0.1 AL-

Spinach, Frozen 715 305 42.7 0.003 - 0.070 0.002 - 0.010 0.5 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 627 2 0.3 0.003 - 0.005 0.002 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.003 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 2 0.3 0.003 - 0.010 0.002 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 368 2 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.010 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.010 0.05 AL-

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 1 0.4 0.046 ^ 0.006 - 0.007 0.1 AL-

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 1 1 0.010 ^ 0.006 - 0.007 0.1 AL-

Total 6379 322

42 DDT o,p' (insecticide)

Cucumbers 164 3 1.8 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL-

Pears, Canned 83 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL-

Pears, Fresh 80 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL-

Spinach, Frozen 343 19 5.5 0.002 - 0.005 0.001 - 0.003 0.5 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 329 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL-

Strawberries, Frozen 2 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL-

Total 1358 22

43 DDT p,p'

Cantaloupe 237 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL-

Cucumbers 551 0 0.005 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Grape Juice 198 0 0.008 ^ 0.05 AL-

Lettuce 54 0 0.008 ^ 0.5 AL-

Pears, Canned 191 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.1 AL-

Pears, Fresh 180 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.1 AL-

Spinach, Frozen 715 42 5.9 0.002 - 0.043 0.001 - 0.010 0.5 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 640 1 0.2 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.005 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 566 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.1 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 287 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.05 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 284 0 0.003 - 0.010 0.05 AL-

Winter Squash, Fresh 83 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL-

Winter Squash, Frozen 5 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL-

Total 4062 43

44 DEF - Tribufos (herbicide)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

45 Demeton (insecticide)

Cucumbers 14 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 12 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Total 26 0

46 Demeton-S (insecticide)

Cucumbers 14 0 0.019 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 12 0 0.019 ^ NT -

Total 26 0

47 Demeton-S sulfone (metabolite of Demeton-S)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Appendix E. Page 9 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

48 Diazinon (insecticide)

Apples 378 2 0.5 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.5 2

Apples, Single Serving 1445 8 0.6 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.5 2

Cantaloupe 826 4 0.5 0.005 - 0.024 0.002 - 0.011 0.75 0.2

Cucumbers 730 3 0.4 0.011 - 0.023 0.002 - 0.014 0.75 0.1

Grape Juice 713 0 0.002 - 0.011 0.75 -

Lettuce 185 2 1.1 0.003 - 0.012 0.002 - 0.007 0.7 0.5

Pears, Canned 371 2 0.5 0.018 ^ 0.002 - 0.014 0.5 2

Pears, Fresh 359 2 0.6 0.003 - 0.024 0.002 - 0.014 0.5 2

Pears, Single Serving 352 4 1.1 0.003 - 0.034 0.002 - 0.014 0.5 2

Spinach, Frozen 715 8 1.1 0.003 - 0.024 0.002 - 0.014 0.7 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 640 7 1.1 0.003 - 0.049 0.002 - 0.014 0.5 0.1

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.002 - 0.014 0.5 0.1

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 7 0.9 0.003 - 0.061 0.002 - 0.010 0.5 0.05

Tomatoes, Canned 368 1 0.3 0.005 ^ 0.002 - 0.010 0.75 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 2 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.010 0.75 0.5

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 1 0.4 0.015 ^ 0.002 - 0.011 0.75 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.011 0.75 -

Total 8593 53

49 Diazinon oxygen analog (metabolite of Diazinon)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Spinach, Frozen 178 1 0.6 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.7 -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.75 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.75 -

Total 2548 1

50 Dichlorvos - DDVP (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Naled)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.5 -

Cucumbers 730 1 0.1 0.047 ^ 0.002 - 0.033 0.5 -

Grape Juice 712 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.5 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.5 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.5 -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.5 -

Spinach, Frozen 702 0 0.002 - 0.033 0.5 -

Strawberries, Fresh (X-1) 640 9 1.4 0.003 - 0.68 0.002 - 0.017 0.5 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 1 1.4 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.017 0.5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.002 - 0.033 0.5 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.033 0.5 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.017 0.5 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.5 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.5 -

Total 8583 11

51 Dicloran (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

Cucumbers 730 3 0.4 0.002 - 0.015 0.001 - 0.009 5 -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.008 - 0.012 10 10

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.010 10 10

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.001 - 0.010 NT -

Pears, Fresh (V-3) 359 3 0.8 0.002 - 0.013 0.001 - 0.010 NT -

Spinach, Frozen (V-12) 715 12 1.7 0.002 - 0.023 0.001 - 0.008 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.001 - 0.008 NT 10

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.001 - 0.008 NT 10

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Appendix E. Page 10 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.008 5 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 5 1.4 0.010 - 0.32 0.006 - 0.008 5 0.5

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.008 - 0.009 NT -

Total 6419 23

52 Dicofol o,p' (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 64 7 10.9 0.012 - 0.043 0.007 - 0.018 5 0.2

Grape Juice 60 0 0.007 ^ 5 5

Lettuce 102 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 45 0 0.007 ^ 5 5

Pears, Fresh 9 4 44.4 0.030 - 0.68 0.018 ^ 5 5

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 1 0.6 0.012 ^ 0.003 - 0.006 5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 162 11 6.8 0.010 - 0.11 0.003 - 0.006 5 1

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 - 0.006 5 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.006 ^ 5 1

Total 971 23

53 Dicofol p,p' (isomer of dicofol o,p')

Cantaloupe 826 48 5.8 0.017 - 0.048 0.010 - 0.018 5 0.2

Cucumbers 730 2 0.3 0.017 - 0.034 0.010 - 0.033 5 0.5

Grape Juice 714 0 0.010 - 0.022 5 5

Lettuce 185 0 0.010 - 0.018 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.010 - 0.028 5 5

Pears, Fresh 359 13 3.6 0.025 - 0.65 0.010 - 0.028 5 5

Spinach, Frozen (V-5) 715 5 0.7 0.005 - 0.055 0.003 - 0.033 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 13 2 0.005 - 2.2 0.003 - 0.033 5 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 1 1.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.033 5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 716 83 11.6 0.005 - 0.61 0.003 - 0.033 5 1

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.033 5 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 4 1.1 0.017 - 0.13 0.006 - 0.033 5 1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.010 - 0.018 5 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.010 - 0.015 5 -

Total 6405 169

54 Dieldrin (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Aldrin)

Cantaloupe 818 52 6.4 0.005 - 0.034 0.003 - 0.018 0.1 AL 0.1

Cucumbers 729 100 13.7 0.003 - 0.11 0.002 - 0.006 0.1 AL 0.1

Grape Juice 701 0 0.003 - 0.018 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.006 - 0.018 0.03 AL 0.05

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.018 0.03 AL 0.05

Pears, Fresh 326 0 0.002 - 0.018 0.03 AL 0.05

Spinach, Frozen 701 8 1.1 0.003 - 0.010 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.05

Strawberries, Fresh 631 2 0.3 0.003 - 0.004 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL-

Strawberries, Frozen 70 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 713 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.1

Tomatoes, Canned 368 1 0.3 0.013 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 231 18 7.8 0.005 - 0.098 0.003 - 0.018 0.1 AL 0.1

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 60 60 0.008 - 0.081 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 AL 0.1

Total 6308 241

55 Dimethoate (insecticide) (parent of Omethoate)

Apples 379 6 1.6 0.005 - 0.057 0.003 ^ 2 1

Apples, Single Serving 1463 10 0.7 0.005 - 0.087 0.003 ^ 2 1

Cantaloupe 826 11 1.3 0.003 - 0.013 0.002 - 0.009 1 -

Cucumbers (V-5) 730 5 0.7 0.003 - 0.092 0.002 - 0.010 NT -

Grape Juice 714 3 0.4 0.003 - 0.005 0.002 - 0.009 1 1

Lettuce 185 17 9.2 0.003 - 0.065 0.002 - 0.007 2 2

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.009 2 1

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.002 - 0.009 2 1

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.002 - 0.009 2 1

Spinach, Frozen 715 33 4.6 0.003 - 1.4 0.002 - 0.010 2 1

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT 1

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT 1

Appendix E. Page 11 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 716 61 8.5 0.003 - 0.34 0.002 - 0.010 2 1

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.010 2 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 5 1.4 0.003 - 0.042 0.002 - 0.010 2 1

Winter Squash, Fresh (V-1) 246 1 0.4 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.009 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.009 NT -

Total 8599 152

56 Dinocap (fungicide)

Cucumbers 14 0 0.039 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 12 0 0.039 ^ NT -

Total 26 0

57 Diphenamid (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 203 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 180 0 0.17 ^ NT -

Grape Juice 178 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Lettuce 131 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 90 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Pears, Fresh 90 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 175 0 0.17 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 167 0 0.17 ^ 1 -

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.17 ^ 1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 179 0 0.17 ^ 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.17 ^ 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.17 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 90 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Total 1675 0

58 Diphenylamine (fungicide)

Cantaloupe (V-4) 826 4 0.5 0.013 - 0.033 0.008 - 0.030 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.008 - 0.17 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.008 - 0.030 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.080 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 6 1.6 0.013 - 0.050 0.008 - 0.080 10 -

Pears, Fresh 359 53 14.8 0.013 - 0.69 0.008 - 0.030 10 -

Spinach, Frozen (V-1) 715 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.008 - 0.17 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh (V-1) 640 1 0.2 0.025 ^ 0.008 - 0.17 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.008 - 0.17 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-10) 730 10 1.4 0.013 - 0.025 0.008 - 0.17 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.008 - 0.17 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh (V-4) 364 4 1.1 0.017 - 0.025 0.008 - 0.17 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh (V-10) 246 10 4.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.030 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen (V-3) 100 3 3 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.030 NT -

Total 6419 92

59 Disulfoton (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT 0.5

Grape Juice 714 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.003 - 0.007 0.75 0.5

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.003 - 0.010 0.75 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 0.5

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.75 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.75 0.5

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT 0.5

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT 0.5

Total 8598 0

Appendix E. Page 12 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

60 Disulfoton sulfone (metabolite of Disulfoton)

Apples 379 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT 0.5

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.012 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 - 0.009 0.75 0.5

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.75 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 0.5

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.75 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.75 0.5

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT 0.5

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT 0.5

Total 8598 0

61 Diuron (herbicide)

Spinach, Frozen 105 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 96 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 87 0 0.030 ^ 1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 60 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Total 348 0

62 Endosulfan I (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 826 7 0.8 0.010 - 0.018 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 2

Cucumbers 730 320 43.8 0.005 - 0.16 0.003 - 0.005 2.0 2

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.008 2.0 2

Lettuce 185 2 1.1 0.012 ^ 0.005 - 0.007 2.0 1

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.003 - 0.007 2.0 1

Pears, Fresh 359 2 0.6 0.007 - 0.063 0.003 - 0.007 2.0 1

Spinach, Frozen 715 12 1.7 0.003 - 0.037 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 2

Strawberries, Fresh 640 29 4.5 0.003 - 0.68 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 2

Strawberries, Frozen 71 1 1.4 0.008 ^ 0.003 - 0.005 2.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 705 149 21.1 0.003 - 0.31 0.002 - 0.006 2.0 2

Tomatoes, Canned 368 2 0.5 0.008 - 0.010 0.002 - 0.006 2.0 2

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 93 25.5 0.003 - 0.51 0.002 - 0.006 2.0 2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 18 7.3 0.010 - 0.044 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 2

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.006 2.0 2

Total 6394 635

63 Endosulfan II (isomer of Endosulfan)

Cantaloupe 826 14 1.7 0.010 ^ 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 2

Cucumbers 730 277 37.9 0.003 - 0.12 0.002 - 0.008 2.0 2

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.011 2.0 2

Lettuce 185 1 0.5 0.012 ^ 0.006 - 0.007 2.0 1

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.007 2.0 1

Pears, Fresh 359 7 1.9 0.003 - 0.16 0.002 - 0.007 2.0 1

Spinach, Frozen 715 12 1.7 0.003 - 0.16 0.002 - 0.008 2.0 2

Strawberries, Fresh 640 38 5.9 0.005 - 0.45 0.002 - 0.008 2.0 2

Strawberries, Frozen 71 2 2.8 0.003 - 0.039 0.002 - 0.008 2.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 706 163 23.1 0.005 - 0.24 0.003 - 0.008 2.0 2

Tomatoes, Canned 368 3 0.8 0.005 - 0.013 0.003 - 0.008 2.0 2

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 130 35.7 0.005 - 0.23 0.003 - 0.008 2.0 2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 9 3.7 0.010 - 0.040 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 2

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.006 2.0 2

Total 6395 656

64 Endosulfan sulfate (metabolite of Endosulfan)

Cantaloupe 826 247 29.9 0.008 - 0.063 0.005 - 0.010 2.0 2

Cucumbers 730 415 56.8 0.008 - 0.10 0.005 - 0.008 2.0 2

Grape Juice 714 0 0.005 - 0.015 2.0 2

Lettuce 185 14 7.6 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 2.0 1

Appendix E. Page 13 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.005 - 0.007 2.0 1

Pears, Fresh 359 9 2.5 0.008 - 0.053 0.005 - 0.007 2.0 1

Spinach, Frozen 715 55 7.7 0.005 - 0.69 0.003 - 0.008 2.0 2

Strawberries, Fresh 640 48 7.5 0.005 - 0.56 0.003 - 0.008 2.0 2

Strawberries, Frozen 71 2 2.8 0.012 - 0.047 0.005 - 0.008 2.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 706 155 21.9 0.005 - 0.38 0.003 - 0.010 2.0 2

Tomatoes, Canned 368 1 0.3 0.017 ^ 0.003 - 0.010 2.0 2

Tomatoes, Fresh 356 123 34.6 0.005 - 0.13 0.003 - 0.010 2.0 2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 58 23.6 0.008 - 0.084 0.005 - 0.010 2.0 2

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 1 1 0.012 ^ 0.005 - 0.010 2.0 2

Total 6387 1128

65 Endrin (insecticide)

Cucumbers (V-2) 180 2 1.1 0.005 - 0.013 0.003 ^ NT 0.05

Spinach, Frozen 175 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 167 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 179 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.05

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.05

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.05

Total 893 2

66 Esfenvalerate (insecticide) (isomer of Fenvalerate)

Cantaloupe 640 0 0.021 - 0.098 0.05 -

Cucumbers 491 0 0.030 - 0.098 0.05 -

Grape Juice 552 0 0.021 - 0.098 0.05 -

Lettuce 185 1 0.5 0.19 ^ 0.021 - 0.038 5.0 -

Pears, Canned 288 0 0.021 - 0.098 0.05 -

Pears, Fresh (X-1) 279 1 0.4 0.16 ^ 0.021 - 0.098 0.05 -

Spinach, Frozen 486 1 0.2 0.020 ^ 0.002 - 0.038 0.05 -

Strawberries, Fresh 441 0 0.002 - 0.038 0.05 -

Strawberries, Frozen 65 0 0.038 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 507 23 4.5 0.003 - 0.050 0.002 - 0.038 0.05 -

Tomatoes, Canned 287 3 1 0.003 - 0.050 0.002 - 0.038 0.05 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 209 9 4.3 0.050 ^ 0.030 - 0.038 0.05 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 204 0 0.021 - 0.098 0.05 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 63 0 0.038 - 0.098 0.05 -

Total 4697 38

67 Ethalfluralin (herbicide)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 162 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.050 ^ NT -

Total 691 0

68 Ethiofencarb (insecticide)

Spinach, Frozen 73 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 74 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 75 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 75 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Total 297 0

69 Ethion (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Cucumbers 729 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT -

Grape Juice (V-1) 714 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.001 - 0.010 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.001 - 0.010 NT -

Appendix E. Page 14 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-24) 715 24 3.4 0.002 - 0.34 0.001 - 0.010 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.001 - 0.010 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh (V-3) 364 3 0.8 0.015 - 0.024 0.001 - 0.010 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh (V-1) 246 1 0.4 0.007 ^ 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Total 8597 29

70 Ethion di oxon (metabolite of Ethion)

Apples 379 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

71 Ethion mono oxon (metabolite of Ethion)

Apples 379 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 2

+

1.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Total 2548 2

72 Ethoprop (insecticide)

Cucumbers 164 0 0.015 ^ 0.02 0.02

Pears, Canned 83 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears, Fresh 80 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears, Single Serving 80 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 165 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 158 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.02

Strawberries, Frozen 2 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.02

Total 732 0

73 Fenamiphos (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ 0.25 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ 0.25 -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.004 - 0.009 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.004 - 0.012 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.009 0.10 0.1

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 - 0.006 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.012 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.004 - 0.012 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.004 - 0.012 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.002 - 0.012 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.6 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.012 0.6 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.6 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT 0.2

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT 0.2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.009 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.009 NT -

Total 8613 0

74 Fenamiphos sulfone (metabolite of Fenamiphos)

Apples 379 0 0.005 ^ 0.25 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.005 ^ 0.25 -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT -

Cucumbers (V-1) 730 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.008 - 0.036 0.10 0.1

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT -

Appendix E. Page 15 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.005 - 0.020 0.6 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.6 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.005 - 0.020 0.6 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT 0.2

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT 0.2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Total 8613 1

75 Fenamiphos sulfoxide (metabolite of Fenamiphos)

Apples 379 0 0.005 ^ 0.25 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.005 ^ 0.25 -

Cantaloupe 386 0 0.008 - 0.022 NT -

Cucumbers 194 1

+

0.5 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.022 NT -

Grape Juice 338 0 0.008 - 0.022 0.10 0.1

Pears, Canned 90 0 0.022 ^ NT -

Pears, Fresh 89 0 0.022 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 183 0 0.005 - 0.014 0.6 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 341 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.6 -

Tomatoes, Canned 171 0 0.005 - 0.008 NT 0.2

Tomatoes, Fresh 170 0 0.005 - 0.008 NT 0.2

Winter Squash, Fresh 73 0 0.008 - 0.022 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 95 0 0.008 - 0.022 NT -

Total 4150 1

76 Fenitrothion (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.5

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.001 ^ NT (N)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.5

Total 2548 0

77 Fenitrothion oxygen analog (metabolite of Fenitrothion)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

78 Fenpropathrin (insecticide)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 310 17 5.5 0.042 - 0.47 0.025 ^ 2.0 -

Strawberries, Frozen 10 0 0.025 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.025 ^ NT 1

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.025 ^ 0.6 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.025 ^ 0.6 1

Total 855 17

79 Fenthion (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

Appendix E. Page 16 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

80 Fenvalerate (insecticide) (isomer of Esfenvalerate)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.042 - 0.33 1.0 -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.007 - 0.092 0.5 0.2

Grape Juice 714 0 0.042 - 0.40 0.05 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.042 - 0.057 0.05 2

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.007 - 0.092 2.0 2

Pears, Fresh 359 2 0.6 0.070 - 0.15 0.007 - 0.092 2.0 2

Spinach, Frozen (V-2) 715 2 0.3 0.041 - 0.15 0.002 - 0.083 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.076 0.05 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.007 - 0.076 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 21 2.9 0.003 - 0.058 0.002 - 0.33 1.0 0.5

Tomatoes, Canned 368 3 0.8 0.005 - 0.050 0.002 - 0.33 1.0 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 9 2.5 0.050 ^ 0.030 - 0.33 1.0 1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.042 - 0.33 1.0 0.5

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.057 - 0.33 1.0 0.5

Total 6419 37

81 Folpet (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 792 0 0.010 - 0.021 15 -

Cucumbers 566 0 0.009 - 0.033 15 2

Grape Juice 714 4 0.6 0.035 - 0.083 0.010 - 0.021 25 2

Lettuce 185 0 0.019 - 0.020 50 -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.009 - 0.020 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.009 - 0.020 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 682 0 0.009 - 0.033 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 611 2 0.3 0.050 - 0.092 0.009 - 0.033 25 20

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.009 - 0.033 25 20

Sweet Bell Peppers 701 0 0.019 - 0.033 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 278 0 0.019 - 0.033 25 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 319 0 0.019 - 0.033 25 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.010 - 0.021 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.010 - 0.021 NT -

Total 5995 6

82 Fonofos (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 392 0 0.002 - 0.018 NT -

Cucumbers 325 0 0.002 - 0.015 NT -

Grape Juice 380 0 0.002 - 0.018 NT -

Pears, Canned 36 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears, Fresh 175 0 0.002 - 0.018 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 254 0 0.002 - 0.018 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 445 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.1 -

Strawberries, Fresh 409 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.1 -

Strawberries, Frozen 10 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 622 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Canned 261 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.1 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 175 0 0.002 - 0.018 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 66 0 0.002 - 0.015 NT -

Total 5756 0

Appendix E. Page 17 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

83 Fonofos oxygen analog (metabolite of Fonofos)

Apples 379 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 392 0 0.004 - 0.019 NT -

Cucumbers 325 0 0.006 - 0.019 NT -

Grape Juice 379 0 0.004 - 0.019 NT -

Pears, Canned 36 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pears, Fresh 175 0 0.006 - 0.019 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 254 0 0.006 - 0.019 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 445 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.1 -

Strawberries, Fresh 409 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.1 -

Strawberries, Frozen 10 0 0.006 - 0.010 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 622 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Canned 261 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.1 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 175 0 0.004 - 0.019 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 66 0 0.004 - 0.019 NT -

Total 5755 0

84 Heptachlor (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 613 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.02 AL-

Cucumbers 585 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.02 AL-

Grape Juice 456 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Pears, Canned 335 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Pears, Fresh 199 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.01 AL-

Spinach, Frozen 623 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 529 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Strawberries, Frozen 69 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 574 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 221 0 0.001 - 0.005 0.01 AL-

Winter Squash, Fresh 86 0 0.003 - 0.005 0.01 AL-

Winter Squash, Frozen 71 0 0.003 - 0.005 0.01 AL-

Total 4914 0

85 Heptachlor epoxide (metabolite of Heptachlor)

Cantaloupe 627 1 0.2 0.008 ^ 0.003 - 0.006 0.02 AL-

Cucumbers 630 6 0.9 0.002 - 0.013 0.001 - 0.006 0.02 AL-

Grape Juice 498 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Pears, Canned 335 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Pears, Fresh 229 0 0.001 - 0.005 0.01 AL-

Spinach, Frozen 623 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Strawberries, Fresh 529 1 0.2 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Strawberries, Frozen 69 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Sweet Bell Peppers 574 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.01 AL-

Tomatoes, Fresh 221 0 0.001 - 0.005 0.01 AL-

Winter Squash, Fresh 106 0 0.003 - 0.005 0.01 AL-

Winter Squash, Frozen 95 2 2.1 0.008 ^ 0.003 - 0.005 0.01 AL-

Total 5089 10

86 Hexachlorobenzene - HCB (impurity of Quintozene)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 702 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.001 - 0.004 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.001 - 0.004 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 -

Appendix E. Page 18 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Total 6406 0

87 Imazalil (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.030 - 0.070 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.030 - 0.17 NT 0.5

Grape Juice 538 0 0.030 - 0.070 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.030 - 0.038 NT 5

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.030 - 0.038 NT 5

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.010 - 0.17 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 614 0 0.010 - 0.17 NT 2

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.030 - 0.17 NT 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.010 - 0.17 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 353 0 0.010 - 0.17 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.010 - 0.17 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.030 - 0.070 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.030 - 0.070 NT -

Total 6202 0

88 Iprodione (fungicide)

Cantaloupe (V-1) 826 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.031 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.021 - 0.050 NT 2

Grape Juice 714 3 0.4 0.052 ^ 0.008 - 0.031 60.0 10

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.021 25.0 10

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.008 - 0.024 NT 5

Pears, Fresh (V-7) 359 7 1.9 0.034 - 0.20 0.008 - 0.024 NT 5

Spinach, Frozen (V-2) 714 2 0.3 0.025 - 0.083 0.015 - 0.050 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 297 46.4 0.025 - 4.9 0.015 - 0.050 15 10

Strawberries, Frozen 71 27 38 0.035 - 0.53 0.021 - 0.050 15 10

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-2) 730 2 0.3 0.058 - 0.21 0.015 - 0.050 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.015 - 0.050 NT 5

Tomatoes, Fresh (V-1) 364 1 0.3 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.050 NT 5

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.008 - 0.031 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.021 - 0.031 NT -

Total 6418 340

89 Iprodione metobolite isomer (metabolite of Iprodione)

Spinach, Frozen 58 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 88 26 29.5 0.020 - 0.40 0.012 - 0.025 15 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 76 1

+

1.3 0.020 ^ 0.012 - 0.025 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 60 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Total 282 27

90 Lambda cyhalothrin (insecticide)

Cucumbers 45 0 0.033 ^ 0.01 -

Spinach, Frozen (X-2) 118 6 5.1 0.003 - 0.067 0.001 - 0.033 0.01 -

Strawberries, Fresh 74 0 0.001 ^ 0.01 -

Sweet Bell Peppers (X-1) 122 3 2.5 0.002 - 0.015 0.001 - 0.033 0.01 -

Tomatoes, Canned 105 0 0.001 - 0.033 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 4 4 100 0.003 - 0.015 0.002 - 0.009 0.1 -

Total 468 13

91 Lambda cyhalothrin isomer (isomer of Lambda cyhalothrin)

Spinach, Frozen (X-1) 73 5 6.8 0.006 - 0.22 0.001 - 0.009 0.01 -

Strawberries, Fresh 74 0 0.001 ^ 0.01 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 78 4 5.1 0.002 - 0.015 0.001 - 0.009 0.01 -

Tomatoes, Canned 75 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 4 4 100 0.003 - 0.015 0.002 - 0.009 0.1 -

Total 304 13

Appendix E. Page 19 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

92 Lindane - BHC gamma (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.002 - 0.006 3 -

Cucumbers 730 1 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.004 3 -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.002 - 0.006 1 0.5

Lettuce 185 0 0.002 - 0.006 3 2

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.006 1 0.5

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.002 - 0.006 1 0.5

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.002 - 0.003 1 2

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.003 1 3

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.002 - 0.003 1 3

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.002 - 0.004 1 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.004 3 2

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.004 3 2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 1 0.4 0.031 ^ 0.002 - 0.006 3 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.004 3 -

Total 6419 2

93 Linuron (herbicide)

Cucumbers 180 0 0.017 - 0.042 NT -

Spinach, Frozen (V-2) 338 2 0.6 0.028 - 0.070 0.003 - 0.042 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 326 0 0.003 - 0.042 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.042 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 356 0 0.003 - 0.042 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 180 0 0.003 - 0.042 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 180 0 0.003 - 0.042 NT -

Total 1572 2

94 Malathion (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ 8 2

Apples, Single Serving 1463 2 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 8 2

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.004 - 0.018 8 -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.004 - 0.018 8 -

Grape Juice 714 4 0.6 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.018 8 8

Lettuce 185 1 0.5 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.007 8 8

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.018 8 0.5

Pears, Fresh 359 1 0.3 0.064 ^ 0.004 - 0.018 8 0.5

Pears, Single Serving 352 1 0.3 0.053 ^ 0.004 - 0.018 8 0.5

Spinach, Frozen 715 14 1.9 0.003 - 1.1 0.002 - 0.009 8 8

Strawberries, Fresh 640 79 12.3 0.003 - 0.24 0.002 - 0.009 8 1

Strawberries, Frozen 71 17 23.9 0.007 - 0.092 0.004 - 0.009 8 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 5 0.7 0.007 - 0.10 0.002 - 0.008 8 0.5

Tomatoes, Canned 368 1 0.3 0.007 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 8 3

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.008 8 3

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.018 8 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.018 8 -

Total 8598 125

95 Malathion oxygen analog (metabolite of Malathion)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 8 4.7 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 8 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Total 2548 8

96 Metalaxyl (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 389 17 4.4 0.013 - 0.030 0.008 - 0.018 1.0 -

Cucumbers 180 0 0.17 ^ 1.0 0.5

Grape Juice 340 0 0.008 - 0.018 2.0 1

Lettuce 131 0 0.008 ^ 5.0 2

Pears, Canned 90 0 0.008 ^ NT 1

Pears, Fresh 90 0 0.008 ^ NT 1

Spinach, Frozen 353 6 1.7 0.003 - 0.10 0.002 - 0.17 5.0 2

Strawberries, Fresh 171 17 9.9 0.003 - 0.23 0.002 - 0.060 10.0 -

Appendix E. Page 20 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 520 85 16.3 0.003 - 0.75 0.002 - 0.17 1.0 1

Tomatoes, Canned 261 2 0.8 0.003 - 0.10 0.002 - 0.17 1.0 0.5

Tomatoes, Fresh 260 0 0.018 - 0.17 1.0 0.5

Winter Squash, Fresh 132 5 3.8 0.013 - 0.030 0.008 - 0.018 1.0 0.2

Winter Squash, Frozen 37 0 0.018 ^ 1.0 0.2

Total 2954 132

97 Methamidophos (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Acephate)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

Apples, Single Serving 1410 2 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

Cantaloupe (X-1) 826 61 7.4 0.002 - 0.72 0.001 - 0.006 0.5 -

Cucumbers 730 95 13 0.002 - 0.43 0.001 - 0.017 1.0 1

Grape Juice 712 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 -

Lettuce 185 14 7.6 0.002 - 0.022 0.001 - 0.004 1.0 1

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.001 - 0.010 0.05 -

Pears, Fresh 359 2 0.6 0.007 - 0.010 0.001 - 0.010 0.05 -

Pears, Single Serving 352 1 0.3 0.010 ^ 0.001 - 0.010 0.05 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.001 - 0.017 0.05 -

Strawberries, Fresh (X-1) 640 1 0.2 0.25 ^ 0.001 - 0.015 0.05 -

Strawberries, Frozen 70 0 0.001 - 0.015 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 718 261 36.4 0.002 - 0.75 0.001 - 0.017 1.0 1

Tomatoes, Canned 368 58 15.8 0.002 - 0.028 0.001 - 0.017 1.0 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 76 20.9 0.002 - 0.32 0.001 - 0.10 1.0 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 3 1.2 0.005 - 0.035 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 -

Total 8545 575

98 Methidathion (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 0.5

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 0.5

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.004 - 0.008 NT 0.05

Grape Juice 714 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT 1

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.010 0.05 1

Pears, Fresh 359 2 0.6 0.013 ^ 0.004 - 0.010 0.05 1

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.004 - 0.010 0.05 1

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh (V-1) 640 1 0.2 0.013 ^ 0.003 - 0.008 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT -

Total 8613 3

99 Methiocarb (insecticide) (analyzed as sulfoxide)

Cantaloupe 237 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 551 0 0.016 - 0.043 NT -

Grape Juice 198 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Lettuce 54 0 0.016 ^ NT 0.2

Pears, Canned 191 0 0.016 - 0.043 NT -

Pears, Fresh 180 0 0.016 - 0.043 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 595 0 0.010 - 0.043 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 543 0 0.010 - 0.043 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.016 - 0.043 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 464 0 0.010 - 0.017 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 257 0 0.010 - 0.017 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 194 0 0.016 - 0.017 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 83 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 5 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Total 3623 0

100 Methomyl (insecticide)

Apples 379 2 0.5 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ 1 2

Appendix E. Page 21 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Apples, Single Serving 495 2 0.4 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ 1 2

Cantaloupe (X-1) 826 100 12.1 0.007 - 0.62 0.004 - 0.032 0.2 -

Cucumbers (X-1) 730 10 1.4 0.020 - 0.42 0.012 - 0.032 0.2 0.2

Grape Juice 714 0 0.012 - 0.032 5 5

Lettuce 185 11 5.9 0.020 - 0.11 0.012 - 0.025 5 5

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.012 - 0.032 4.0 2

Pears, Fresh 359 1 0.3 0.088 ^ 0.012 - 0.032 4.0 2

Spinach, Frozen 715 72 10.1 0.013 - 0.83 0.008 - 0.017 6 5

Strawberries, Fresh (X-3) 639 160 25 0.013 - 5.4 0.008 - 0.017 2 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 5 7 0.020 - 0.051 0.012 - 0.017 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 86 11.8 0.007 - 0.43 0.004 - 0.017 2 1

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.004 - 0.017 1 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.004 - 0.017 1 1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.032 0.2 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.032 0.2 -

Total 7292 449

101 Methoxychlor Total (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 237 0 0.020 ^ 14 -

Cucumbers 551 0 0.014 - 0.020 14 -

Grape Juice 198 0 0.020 ^ 14 -

Lettuce 54 0 0.020 ^ 14 -

Pears, Canned 191 0 0.014 - 0.020 14 -

Pears, Fresh 180 3 1.7 0.023 - 0.63 0.014 - 0.020 14 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.002 - 0.020 14 -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.020 14 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.014 - 0.020 14 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 566 0 0.002 - 0.020 14 -

Tomatoes, Canned 287 0 0.002 - 0.020 14 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 284 0 0.006 - 0.020 14 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 83 0 0.020 ^ 14 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 5 0 0.020 ^ 14 -

Total 4062 3

102 Methoxychlor olefin

Spinach, Frozen 73 0 0.001 ^ 14 -

Strawberries, Fresh 74 0 0.001 ^ 14 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 75 0 0.001 ^ 14 -

Tomatoes, Canned 75 0 0.001 ^ 14 -

Total 297 0

103 Methoxychlor p,p'

Cantaloupe 574 0 0.009 - 0.026 14 -

Cucumbers 179 0 0.023 ^ 14 -

Grape Juice 516 0 0.009 - 0.026 14 -

Lettuce 131 0 0.009 ^ 14 -

Pears, Canned 180 0 0.009 - 0.023 14 -

Pears, Fresh 179 0 0.009 - 0.023 14 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 164 0 0.026 ^ 14 -

Tomatoes, Canned 81 0 0.026 ^ 14 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 80 0 0.026 ^ 14 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 163 0 0.009 - 0.026 14 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 95 0 0.023 - 0.026 14 -

Total 2342 0

104 Mevinphos Total (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 403 0 0.003 - 0.014 0.5 0.05

Cucumbers 524 1 0.2 0.15 ^ 0.003 - 0.017 0.2 0.2

Grape Juice 354 0 0.003 - 0.014 0.5 0.5

Lettuce 131 0 0.012 - 0.014 0.5 0.5

Pears, Canned 263 0 0.003 - 0.014 NT 0.2

Pears, Fresh 259 0 0.003 - 0.014 NT 0.2

Pears, Single Serving 253 0 0.003 - 0.014 NT 0.2

Spinach, Frozen 340 0 0.008 - 0.017 1.0 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 325 0 0.008 - 0.017 1.0 1

Strawberries, Frozen 14 0 0.008 - 0.017 1.0 1

Appendix E. Page 22 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 164 0 0.017 ^ 0.25 -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.017 ^ 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.017 ^ 0.2 0.2

Winter Squash, Fresh 121 0 0.003 - 0.014 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 58 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Total 3389 1

105 Mevinphos E (isomer of Mevinphos)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Cantaloupe 423 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 0.05

Cucumbers 206 0 0.002 ^ 0.2 0.2

Grape Juice 358 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 0.5

Lettuce 54 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 0.5

Pears, Canned 108 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.2

Pears, Fresh 100 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.2

Pears, Single Serving 99 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.2

Spinach, Frozen 375 0 0.002 ^ 1.0 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 315 0 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

Strawberries, Frozen 57 0 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 551 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.25 -

Tomatoes, Canned 278 1 0.4 0.010 ^ 0.002 - 0.006 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes, Fresh 274 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.2 0.2

Winter Squash, Fresh 125 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 42 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Total 5207 1

106 Mevinphos Z (isomer of Mevinphos)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Cantaloupe 423 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 0.05

Cucumbers 206 0 0.002 ^ 0.2 0.2

Grape Juice 358 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 0.5

Lettuce 54 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 0.5

Pears, Canned 108 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.2

Pears, Fresh 100 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.2

Pears, Single Serving 99 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.2

Spinach, Frozen 375 2 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 1.0 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 315 0 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

Strawberries, Frozen 57 0 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 536 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.25 -

Tomatoes, Canned 278 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes, Fresh 259 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.2 0.2

Winter Squash, Fresh 125 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 42 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Total 5177 2

107 Myclobutanil (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 826 1 0.1 0.040 ^ 0.008 - 0.045 0.5

Cucumbers 730 0 0.020 - 0.083 0.5 -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.008 - 0.045 1.0 1

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.008 - 0.057 NT 0.5

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.008 - 0.057 NT 0.5

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.005 - 0.083 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 142 22.2 0.008 - 0.42 0.005 - 0.083 0.5 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 9 12.7 0.033 - 0.141 0.020 - 0.083 0.5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 17 2.3 0.008 - 0.086 0.005 - 0.083 1.0 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.005 - 0.083 0.3 0.3

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.015 - 0.083 0.3 0.3

Appendix E. Page 23 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 1 0.4 0.033 ^ 0.008 - 0.045 0.3 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.020 - 0.045 0.3 -

Total 6419 170

108 Norflurazon (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.018 - 0.039 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.020 - 0.12 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.018 - 0.039 0.1 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.018 - 0.020 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.018 - 0.12 0.1 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.018 - 0.12 0.1 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.012 - 0.12 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.012 - 0.12 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.020 - 0.12 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.012 - 0.042 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned (V-1) 368 1 0.3 0.033 ^ 0.012 - 0.042 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.013 - 0.042 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.018 - 0.039 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.020 - 0.039 NT -

Total 6419 1

109 Norflurazon desmethyl (metabolite of Norflurazon)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.021 - 0.043 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.030 - 0.18 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.021 - 0.043 0.1 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.021 - 0.030 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.021 - 0.18 0.1 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.021 - 0.18 0.1 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.015 - 0.18 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.015 - 0.18 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.030 - 0.18 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.015 - 0.043 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.015 - 0.043 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.015 - 0.043 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.021 - 0.043 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.030 - 0.043 NT -

Total 6419 0

110 Omethoate (metabolite of Dimethoate)

Apples 379 5 1.3 0.008 - 0.027 0.005 ^ 2 1

Apples, Single Serving 1409 10 0.7 0.008 - 0.076 0.005 ^ 2 1

Cantaloupe 826 10 1.2 0.007 - 0.015 0.004 - 0.018 1 -

Cucumbers 730 2

+

0.3 0.007 - 0.023 0.004 - 0.017 NT -

Grape Juice 713 2 0.3 0.015 ^ 0.004 - 0.018 1 1

Lettuce 185 4 2.2 0.007 - 0.020 0.004 - 0.018 2 2

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.018 2 1

Pears, Fresh 359 1 0.3 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.018 2 1

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.004 - 0.018 2 1

Spinach, Frozen 715 49 6.9 0.007 - 0.38 0.004 - 0.017 2 1

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.004 - 0.017 NT 1

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.017 NT 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 716 72 10.1 0.007 - 0.14 0.004 - 0.017 2 1

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.004 - 0.017 2 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 12 3.3 0.007 - 0.032 0.004 - 0.017 2 1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.018 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.014 NT -

Total 8544 167

111 Ovex (insecticide)

Cucumbers 14 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 12 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Total 26 0

112 Oxamyl (insecticide)

Apples 379 24 6.3 0.017 - 0.044 0.010 ^ 2 2

Apples, Single Serving 495 39 7.9 0.017 - 0.056 0.010 ^ 2 2

Appendix E. Page 24 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Cantaloupe 826 4 0.5 0.008 ^ 0.005 - 0.035 2.0 -

Cucumbers 730 30 4.1 0.025 - 0.53 0.018 - 0.035 2.0 2

Grape Juice 714 0 0.005 - 0.035 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.025 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.018 - 0.035 2.0 -

Pears, Fresh 359 1 0.3 0.079 ^ 0.018 - 0.035 2.0 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh (V-1) 640 1 0.2 0.21 ^ 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.018 - 0.020 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 74 10.1 0.008 - 0.28 0.005 - 0.020 3 2

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.005 - 0.020 2 2

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 1 0.3 0.008 ^ 0.005 - 0.020 2 2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.005 - 0.035 2.0 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.005 - 0.035 2.0 -

Total 7293 174

113 Oxychlordane (metabolite of Chlordane)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Total 706 0

114 Oxydemeton methyl sulfone (insecticide) (metabolite of Oxydemeton methyl)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Cantaloupe 825 0 0.008 - 0.091 0.3 -

Cucumbers 730 3 0.4 0.025 - 0.086 0.015 - 0.056 1 -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.008 - 0.091 0.1 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.015 - 0.091 2 -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.015 - 0.091 0.3 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.015 - 0.091 0.3 -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.015 - 0.091 0.3 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.003 - 0.050 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.003 - 0.050 2 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.015 - 0.050 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.003 - 0.050 0.75 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.050 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.050 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.008 - 0.091 0.3 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.008 - 0.056 0.3 -

Total 8597 3

115 Oxyfluorfen (herbicide)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.009 - 0.010 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.009 - 0.010 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.009 - 0.010 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.009 - 0.010 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Total 706 0

116 Parathion (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ 1 0.05

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ 1 0.05

Cantaloupe 626 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 - 0.006 1 -

Cucumbers 551 0 0.003 - 0.017 1 -

Grape Juice 538 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 - 0.006 1 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.003 - 0.006 1 -

Pears, Canned 281 0 0.003 - 0.010 1 -

Pears, Fresh 270 0 0.003 - 0.010 1 -

Pears, Single Serving 269 0 0.003 - 0.010 1 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.002 - 0.017 1 -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.017 1 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.003 - 0.017 1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.002 - 0.017 1 -

Appendix E. Page 25 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.017 1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 1 0.3 0.005 ^ 0.002 - 0.017 1 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 215 0 0.003 - 0.006 1 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 42 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Total 7707 4

117 Parathion methyl (insecticide)

Apples 379 20 5.3 0.005 - 0.034 0.003 ^ 1 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 91 6.2 0.005 - 0.041 0.003 ^ 1 -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.002 - 0.013 1 -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.002 - 0.013 1 -

Grape Juice 714 7 0.9 0.005 ^ 0.002 - 0.013 1 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.002 - 0.006 1 0.05

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.013 1 -

Pears, Fresh 359 8 2.2 0.003 - 0.065 0.002 - 0.013 1 -

Pears, Single Serving 352 6 1.7 0.003 - 0.045 0.002 - 0.013 1 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.002 - 0.008 1 0.5

Strawberries, Fresh 640 3 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 1 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.002 - 0.008 1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 6 0.8 0.003 - 0.054 0.002 - 0.008 1 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.008 1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.008 1 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.002 - 0.013 1 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.013 1 -

Total 8613 141

118 Parathion methyl oxygen analog (metabolite of Parathion methyl) 

Apples 379 0 0.010 ^ 1 -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.010 ^ 1 -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.010 ^ 1 -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.010 ^ 1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.010 ^ 1 -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.010 ^ 1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.010 ^ 1 -

Total 2548 0

119 Parathion oxygen analog (metabolite of Parathion) 

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Apples, Single Serving 1445 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Total 2530 0

120 Pentachloroaniline - PCA (metabolite of Quintozene)

Cucumbers 164 1

+

0.6 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 83 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Pears, Fresh 80 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 165 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 158 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 2 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Total 652 1

121 Pentachlorobenzene - PCB (metabolite of Quintozene)

Cantaloupe (V-1) 826 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 714 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.001 - 0.004 0.1 -

Appendix E. Page 26 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Tomatoes, Canned 353 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 349 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Total 6388 1

122 Permethrin Total (insecticide)

Cucumbers 180 2 1.1 0.13 ^ 0.076 - 0.083 3.0 0.5

Spinach, Frozen 175 106 60.6 0.13 - 7.6 0.076 - 0.083 20.0 2

Strawberries, Fresh 167 0 0.076 ^ NT 1

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.076 ^ NT 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 179 10 5.6 0.13-0.14 0.076 - 0.083 1.0 1

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.076 - 0.083 2 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 7 7.8 0.13^ 0.076 ^ 2 1

Total 893 125

123 Permethrin cis (isomer of Permethrin)

Cantaloupe 826 9 1.1 0.025 - 0.053 0.015 - 0.032 3.0 -

Cucumbers 550 1 0.2 0.018 ^ 0.011 - 0.030 3.0 0.5

Grape Juice 714 0 0.015 - 0.032 NT 2

Lettuce 185 7 3.8 0.040 - 0.92 0.015 - 0.024 20.0 2

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.011 - 0.029 3.0 2

Pears, Fresh 359 2 0.6 0.025 - 0.040 0.011 - 0.030 3.0 2

Spinach, Frozen 540 364 67.4 0.002 - 8.3 0.001 - 0.030 20.0 2

Strawberries, Fresh 473 0 0.001 - 0.030 NT 1

Strawberries, Frozen 59 0 0.011 - 0.030 NT 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 551 49 8.9 0.002 - 0.24 0.001 - 0.032 1.0 1

Tomatoes, Canned 278 3 1.1 0.002 - 0.053 0.001 - 0.032 2 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 274 41 14.9 0.013 - 0.075 0.008 - 0.032 2 1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.015 - 0.032 NT 0.5

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.015 - 0.032 NT 0.5

Total 5526 476

124 Permethrin trans (isomer of Permethrin)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.010 - 0.032 3.0 -

Cucumbers 550 0 0.010 - 0.029 3.0 0.5

Grape Juice 714 0 0.010 - 0.032 NT 2

Lettuce 185 5 2.7 0.025 - 0.86 0.015 - 0.029 20.0 2

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.011 - 0.029 3.0 2

Pears, Fresh 359 2 0.6 0.025 - 0.048 0.010 - 0.029 3.0 2

Spinach, Frozen 540 366 67.8 0.002 - 7.8 0.001 - 0.015 20.0 2

Strawberries, Fresh 473 0 0.001 - 0.015 NT 1

Strawberries, Frozen 59 0 0.010 - 0.015 NT 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 551 54 9.8 0.003 - 0.25 0.001 - 0.032 1.0 1

Tomatoes, Canned 278 3 1.1 0.002 - 0.053 0.001 - 0.032 2 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 274 43 15.7 0.008 - 0.081 0.005 - 0.032 2 1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.010 - 0.032 NT 0.5

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.010 - 0.032 NT 0.5

Total 5526 473

125 Phenthoate (insecticide)

Spinach, Frozen 73 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 74 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 75 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 75 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Total 297 0

126 o-Phenylphenol (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 626 25 3.9 0.007 - 0.16 0.004 - 0.010 10 -

Cucumbers 551 44 7.9 0.017 - 4.7 0.010 - 0.020 10 -

Grape Juice (V-7) 538 7 1.3 0.007 - 0.012 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

Pears, Canned 281 7 2.5 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.010 25.0 25

Pears, Fresh 270 54 20 0.013 - 7.6 0.008 - 0.010 25.0 25

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Appendix E. Page 27 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 9 1.2 0.007 - 0.045 0.004 - 0.020 10 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 34 9.2 0.007 - 0.025 0.004 - 0.020 10 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 4 1.1 0.017 - 0.059 0.004 - 0.020 10 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 215 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 42 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Total 5596 184

127 Phorate (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.003 - 0.012 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.006 - 0.015 NT -

Grape Juice 713 0 0.003 - 0.012 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.011 - 0.012 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.006 - 0.015 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.006 - 0.015 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.006 - 0.015 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.004 - 0.015 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.004 - 0.015 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.008 - 0.015 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.003 - 0.011 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.011 NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.011 NT 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.003 - 0.012 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.003 - 0.011 NT -

Total 8597 0

128 Phorate oxygen analog (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

129 Phorate oxygen analog sulfone (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

130 Phorate sulfone (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.003 - 0.024 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.004 - 0.027 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.003 - 0.024 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 - 0.024 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.024 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.004 - 0.024 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.004 - 0.024 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.003 - 0.027 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.003 - 0.027 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.027 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.003 - 0.027 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.027 NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.027 NT 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.003 - 0.024 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT -

Total 8598 0

Appendix E. Page 28 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

131 Phorate sulfoxide (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 379 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 200 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 523 0 0.010 - 0.061 NT -

Grape Juice 176 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 173 0 0.010 - 0.030 NT -

Pears, Fresh 169 0 0.010 - 0.030 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 80 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 518 0 0.004 - 0.061 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 329 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 2 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 341 0 0.004 - 0.061 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 180 0 0.004 - 0.061 NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 180 0 0.004 - 0.061 NT 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 31 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 58 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Total 4802 0

132 Phosalone (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.006 ^ 10.0 5

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.006 ^ 10.0 5

Cantaloupe 237 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 551 0 0.006 - 0.033 NT -

Grape Juice 198 0 0.006 ^ 10.0 -

Lettuce 54 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pears, Canned 191 0 0.006 - 0.011 10.0 -

Pears, Fresh 180 0 0.006 - 0.011 10.0 -

Pears, Single Serving 179 0 0.006 - 0.011 10.0 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.006 - 0.033 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.006 - 0.033 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.006 - 0.033 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 566 0 0.006 - 0.033 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 287 0 0.006 - 0.033 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 284 0 0.006 - 0.033 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 83 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 5 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Total 6083 0

133 Phosmet (insecticide)

Apples 379 35 9.2 0.010 - 0.088 0.006 ^ 10 10

Apples, Single Serving 1463 137 9.4 0.010 - 0.51 0.006 ^ 10 10

Cantaloupe 619 0 0.005 - 0.015 NT -

Cucumbers 551 0 0.005 - 0.017 NT -

Grape Juice 538 1 0.2 0.025 ^ 0.005 - 0.015 10 10

Lettuce 185 0 0.005 - 0.012 NT -

Pears, Canned 281 0 0.005 - 0.012 10 10

Pears, Fresh 270 36 13.3 0.008 - 1.0 0.005 - 0.012 10 10

Pears, Single Serving 269 38 14.1 0.008 - 1.2 0.005 - 0.012 10 10

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.005 - 0.017 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.005 - 0.017 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.005 - 0.017 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.005 - 0.017 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.005 - 0.017 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.005 - 0.017 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 215 0 0.005 - 0.015 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 42 0 0.005 - 0.015 NT -

Total 7700 247

134 Phosphamidon (insecticide)

Apples 379 2 0.5 0.003 - 0.006 0.002 ^ 1 0.5

Apples, Single Serving 1463 16 1.1 0.003 - 0.034 0.002 ^ 1 0.5

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.012 - 0.092 NT -

Cucumbers (V-1) 730 1 0.1 0.055 ^ 0.012 - 0.033 NT 0.1

Grape Juice 714 0 0.012 - 0.23 NT -

Appendix E. Page 29 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Lettuce 185 0 0.012 - 0.029 NT 0.1

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.012 - 0.029 NT 0.5

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.012 - 0.029 NT 0.5

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.012 - 0.029 NT 0.5

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.002 - 0.033 NT 0.2

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.033 NT 0.2

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.012 - 0.033 NT 0.2

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.002 - 0.092 NT 0.2

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.092 NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 356 0 0.002 - 0.092 NT 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.012 - 0.092 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.012 - 0.092 NT -

Total 8590 19

135 Piperonyl butoxide (insecticide)

Cucumbers 180 0 0.050 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen (V-7) 353 7 1.9 0.067 - 4.0 0.040 - 0.050 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh (V-2) 338 2 0.6 0.058 - 0.067 0.040 - 0.050 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.050 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-2) 356 2 0.6 0.067 ^ 0.040 - 0.050 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 180 0 0.040 - 0.050 8 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 180 10 5.6 0.053 - 0.35 0.040 - 0.050 8 -

Total 1599 21

136 Pirimicarb (insecticide)

Spinach, Frozen 73 0 0.020 ^ NT 1

Strawberries, Fresh 74 0 0.020 ^ NT 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers 75 0 0.020 ^ NT 1

Tomatoes, Canned 75 0 0.020 ^ NT 1

Total 297 0

137 Pirimiphos methyl (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.001 ^ NT 2

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.001 ^ NT 2

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 180 0 0.008 ^ NT 1

Grape Juice 162 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 353 0 0.001 - 0.008 NT 5

Strawberries, Fresh 338 0 0.001 - 0.008 NT 1

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.008 ^ NT 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 520 0 0.001 - 0.008 NT 1

Tomatoes, Canned 261 0 0.001 - 0.008 NT 1

Tomatoes, Fresh 260 0 0.001 - 0.008 NT 1

Winter Squash, Fresh 42 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 37 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Total 4193 0

138 Procymidone (fungicide)

Cucumbers 180 0 0.010 ^ NT 2

Spinach, Frozen 175 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 167 0 0.010 ^ NT 10

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.010 ^ NT 10

Sweet Bell Peppers 179 0 0.010 ^ NT 5

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.010 ^ NT 5

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.010 ^ NT 5

Total 893 0

Appendix E. Page 30 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

139 Profenofos (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 180 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 353 0 0.001 - 0.025 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 338 0 0.001 - 0.025 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 12 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 356 0 0.001 - 0.025 NT 0.5

Tomatoes, Canned 180 0 0.001 - 0.025 NT 2

Tomatoes, Fresh 180 0 0.001 - 0.025 NT 2

Total 3441 0

140 Pronamide (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.007 - 0.018 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.006 - 0.017 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.007 - 0.018 0.1 -

Lettuce 185 1 0.5 0.012 ^ 0.007 - 0.018 1.0 -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.006 - 0.018 0.1 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.006 - 0.018 0.1 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.006 - 0.017 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.006 - 0.017 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.006 - 0.017 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 730 1 0.1 0.020 ^ 0.007 - 0.017 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.007 - 0.017 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.007 - 0.017 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.007 - 0.018 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.007 - 0.014 NT -

Total 6419 2

141 Propargite (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 825 0 0.008 - 0.040 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT 0.5

Grape Juice 714 1 0.1 0.037 ^ 0.008 - 0.040 10 10

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.008 - 0.040 NT 5

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.008 - 0.040 NT 5

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh (V-2) 640 2 0.3 0.17 ^ 0.020 - 0.050 NT 7

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT 7

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT 2

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT 2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.008 - 0.040 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.020 - 0.040 NT -

Total 6418 3

142 Quintozene - PCNB (fungicide) (parent of HCB, PCA, and PCB)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Cucumbers (V-4) 729 4 0.5 0.002 - 0.005 0.001 - 0.006 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.003 - 0.004 NT 3

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.001 - 0.006 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.001 - 0.006 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.1 0.01

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.1 0.1

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 2 0.5 0.005 ^ 0.003 - 0.006 0.1 0.1

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Total 6418 6

Appendix E. Page 31 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

143 Simazine (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.010 - 0.031 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.010 - 0.030 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.010 - 0.031 0.25 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.010 - 0.018 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.25 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.25 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.004 - 0.030 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.004 - 0.030 0.25 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.25 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.004 - 0.031 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.004 - 0.031 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.010 - 0.031 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.010 - 0.031 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.010 - 0.031 NT -

Total 6419 0

144 Sulprofos (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Total 2548 0

145 Tecnazene (fungicide)

Spinach, Frozen 178 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 171 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 177 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 90 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Total 706 0

146 Terbacil (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.018 - 0.044 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.020 - 0.056 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.018 - 0.044 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.018 - 0.020 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.018 - 0.056 0.1 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.018 - 0.056 0.1 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.020 - 0.056 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.020 - 0.056 0.1 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.020 - 0.056 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.020 - 0.044 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.020 - 0.044 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.020 - 0.044 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.018 - 0.044 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.020 - 0.044 NT -

Total 6419 0

147 Terbufos (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.004 - 0.025 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.010 - 0.025 NT -

Grape Juice 713 0 0.004 - 0.025 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.015 - 0.025 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.011 - 0.025 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.011 - 0.025 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.011 - 0.025 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.010 - 0.025 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT -

Appendix E. Page 32 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.025 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.025 NT -

Total 8597 0

148 Terbufos sulfone (metabolite of Terbufos)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1463 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.004 - 0.048 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.048 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 - 0.048 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.048 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.004 - 0.048 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.004 - 0.048 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.048 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.006 NT -

Total 8598 0

149 Tetrachlorvinphos (insecticide)

Apples 379 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Apples, Single Serving 1462 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.004 - 0.016 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.004 - 0.017 NT -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.004 - 0.016 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.004 - 0.016 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.004 - 0.016 NT -

Pears, Single Serving 352 0 0.004 - 0.016 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.003 - 0.017 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.003 - 0.017 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.004 - 0.017 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.003 - 0.017 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.003 - 0.017 NT -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.003 - 0.017 NT -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.004 - 0.016 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.004 - 0.016 NT -

Total 8612 0

150 Tetradifon (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.008 - 0.028 1 -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.008 - 0.019 1 -

Grape Juice 714 0 0.008 - 0.028 5 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.011 - 0.028 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.008 - 0.028 5 -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.008 - 0.028 5 -

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.006 - 0.019 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 0 0.006 - 0.019 5 -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.008 - 0.019 5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.006 - 0.011 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 2 0.5 0.010 ^ 0.006 - 0.011 1 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.006 - 0.011 1 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.008 - 0.028 1 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.008 - 0.011 1 -

Total 6419 2

Appendix E. Page 33 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

151 Tetrahydrophthalimide - THPI (metabolite of Captafol and Captan)

Spinach, Frozen 120 0 0.020 - 0.030 100 -

Strawberries, Fresh 112 0 0.020 - 0.030 25 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 117 0 0.020 - 0.030 25 -

Tomatoes, Canned 30 0 0.020 - 0.030 25 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 90 0 0.030 ^ 25 -

Total 469 0

152 Thiabendazole (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 831 63 7.6 0.015 - 0.63 0.009 - 0.045 15.0 -

Cucumbers 734 0 0.025 - 0.083 NT -

Grape Juice (V-1) 714 1 0.1 0.075 ^ 0.009 - 0.045 NT -

Lettuce 185 0 0.030 - 0.045 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.030 - 0.061 10 10

Pears, Fresh 359 286 79.7 0.050 - 5.2 0.030 - 0.061 10 10

Spinach, Frozen 715 0 0.030 - 0.083 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 650 3 0.5 0.050 ^ 0.025 - 0.083 5.0 3

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.030 - 0.083 5.0 3

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-3) 733 3 0.4 0.050 ^ 0.009 - 0.083 NT -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.009 - 0.083 NT 2

Tomatoes, Fresh (V-1) 364 1 0.3 0.050 ^ 0.009 - 0.083 NT 2

Winter Squash, Fresh 245 0 0.009 - 0.045 1 -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.009 - 0.030 1 -

Total 6440 357

153 Triadimefon (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.022 - 0.043 0.3 0.1

Cucumbers 730 12 1.6 0.012 - 0.050 0.007 - 0.031 0.3 0.1

Grape Juice 624 0 0.022 - 0.043 1.0 0.5

Lettuce 185 0 0.023 - 0.025 NT -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.007 - 0.030 1.0 0.5

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.007 - 0.031 1.0 0.5

Spinach, Frozen (V-2) 715 2 0.3 0.020 ^ 0.007 - 0.031 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh (V-1) 626 1 0.2 0.043 ^ 0.007 - 0.031 NT 0.1

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.007 - 0.031 NT 0.1

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 0 0.012 - 0.043 NT 0.1

Tomatoes, Canned 353 0 0.012 - 0.043 NT 0.2

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.012 - 0.043 NT 0.2

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.022 - 0.043 NT 0.1

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.022 - 0.043 NT 0.1

Total 6300 15

154 Trifluralin (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.008 - 0.068 0.05 -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.002 - 0.030 0.05 -

Grape Juice 700 0 0.008 - 0.068 0.05 -

Lettuce 185 0 0.008 - 0.017 0.05 -

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.030 NT -

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.002 - 0.030 NT -

Spinach, Frozen 715 26 3.6 0.002 - 0.028 0.001 - 0.020 0.05 -

Strawberries, Fresh 626 0 0.001 - 0.033 NT -

Strawberries, Frozen 71 0 0.002 - 0.033 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 715 0 0.001 - 0.068 0.05 -

Tomatoes, Canned 368 7 1.9 0.002 - 0.025 0.001 - 0.068 0.05 -

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.015 - 0.068 0.05 -

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.008 - 0.068 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.017 - 0.068 NT -

Total 6376 33

155 Vinclozolin (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 826 0 0.009 - 0.014 NT -

Cucumbers 730 0 0.002 - 0.010 1.0 1

Grape Juice 714 0 0.009 - 0.019 NT 5

Lettuce 185 0 0.010 - 0.014 10.0 5

Pears, Canned 371 0 0.002 - 0.014 NT 1

Pears, Fresh 359 0 0.002 - 0.014 NT 1

Appendix E. Page 34 of 35 
Pesticide / Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Spinach, Frozen 688 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT -

Strawberries, Fresh 640 72 11.3 0.003 - 2.6 0.002 - 0.010 10 10

Strawberries, Frozen 71 24 33.8 0.012 - 0.25 0.002 - 0.010 10 10

Sweet Bell Peppers 730 1 0.1 0.010 ^ 0.002 - 0.010 3.0 3

Tomatoes, Canned 368 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT 3

Tomatoes, Fresh 364 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT 3

Winter Squash, Fresh 246 0 0.009 - 0.014 NT -

Winter Squash, Frozen 100 0 0.009 - 0.010 NT -

Total 6392 97

KEY

Underlined compounds are subject to the full quality assurance program requirements.

 ^ Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT No tolerance level was set for that pesticide / commodity pair.

AL Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs) for some

pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been transferred to EPA. In the

interim, action levels are used.

(V) Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following V are the number of occurrences.

(X) Residue was found which exceeds EPA tolerance or FDA action level. Following X are the number of occurrences.

+ Metabolite (or isomer) detection in same sample as parent. Not noted as violation since it was claimed under the parent.

For those pesticide/commodity pairs where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (3 times the

limit of detection), the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

Appendix E. Page 35 of 35 
Appendix F

Distribution of Residues for Apple Single Serving Survey

A special survey to address acute dietary risk assessment needs was conducted

in 1999. Composite and corresponding single serving apple samples were analyzed for

identified organophosphates to provide data on the distribution of targeted residues within

a sample.

Composite samples consisting of 10 half apples were analyzed for azinphos methyl

and chlorpyrifos. If composite sample results exceeded established trigger concentrations

for azinphos methyl and/or chlorpyrifos, the corresponding single serving portions, or half

apples, were analyzed for each sample. During the early phase of this survey, a single

whole apple was also analyzed for each sample. During the latter phase of the survey,

half of the tenth apple comprising the composite was analyzed as a single serving for each

sample.

Composite and corresponding triggered single serving residue results were used

by EPA and private contractors to develop and evaluate sample decompositing models.

When validated, these models may be used to translate composite to single serving data

for use in acute dietary risk assessments.

Appendix F shows the distribution of residues for all apple composite and single

serving samples analyzed. This appendix also lists residue findings for azinphos methyl

and chlorpyrifos for the 120 samples that triggered single serving analysis based upon

composite results. For samples analyzed during the early phase of this survey, a value

for the single, whole apple is also given. 

Refer to the Appendix E cover page for a definition of Codex MRLs/EMRLs.
Pesticide Commodity

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detections

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm

LOD, 

ppm

EPA 

Tolerance, 

ppm

CODEX 

MRL / 

EMRL, 

ppm

Azinphos methyl Apples, Composite 379 250 65.9 0.010 - 0.26 0.006 2.0 2

Apples, Single Whole 126 80 63.5 0.010 - 0.24 0.006

Apples, Single Portion 1301 1008 77.5 0.010 - 0.55 0.006

Chlorpyrifos Apples, Composite 379 91 24 0.005 - 0.17 0.003 1.5 1

Apples, Single Whole 126 20 15.9 0.005 - 0.13 0.003

Apples, Single Portion 1337 483 36.1 0.005 - 0.54 0.003

Distribution of Residues for Apple Composite & Single-Serving Samples

(Azinphos methyl & Chlorpyrifos only)
Composite 

Value 

Detected,

Single, Whole 

Value 

Detected,

Single-Serving Portion Values Detected, ppm

Sample # / Pesticide ppm ppm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1. Azinphos methyl 0.042 0.050 0.12 0.050 0.052 0.010 0.082 0.020 0.024 0.039 0.050 0.041

Chlorpyrifos 0.11 0.11 0.27 0.22 0.017 0.017 0.13 0.38 0.034 0.056 0.042 0.025

2. Azinphos methyl 0.026 0.026 0.010 0.048 0.059 0.025 0.025 0.010 0.010 0.031 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.037 0.052 0.073 0.18 0.017 0.038 0.017 0.023 0.019 0.14 0.014 0.23

3. Azinphos methyl 0.13 0.17 0.010 0.32 0.11 0.31 0.15 0.077 0.010 0.32 0.087 0.55

Chlorpyrifos ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

4. Azinphos methyl 0.13 0.028 0.13 0.077 0.065 0.061 0.19 0.17 0.14 0.074 0.058 0.053

Chlorpyrifos 0.012 ND 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.036 0.076 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

5. Azinphos methyl 0.036 0.044 0.040 0.055 0.026 0.071 0.033 0.070 0.055 0.042 0.010 0.065

Chlorpyrifos 0.052 0.10 0.043 0.050 0.015 0.054 0.095 0.065 0.24 0.019 0.016 0.083

6. Azinphos methyl 0.14 0.063 0.031 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.089 0.12 0.14 0.067 0.067 0.025

Chlorpyrifos ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

7. Azinphos methyl 0.17 0.035 0.063 0.033 0.12 0.16 0.14 0.063 0.14 0.070 0.040 0.024

Chlorpyrifos ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

8. Azinphos methyl 0.067 0.073 0.040 0.11 0.078 0.27 0.20 0.077 0.044 0.029 0.021 0.039

Chlorpyrifos ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

9. Azinphos methyl ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.059 0.13 0.070 0.050 0.13 0.065 0.023 0.005 0.053 0.020 0.11 0.12

10. Azinphos methyl 0.15 0.049 0.093 0.072 0.16 0.086 0.054 0.031 0.069 0.097 0.067 0.11

Chlorpyrifos ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

11. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.082 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.022 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.019 X 0.020 0.034 0.055 0.061 0.018 0.005 0.058 0.10 0.005 0.023

12. Azinphos methyl 0.12 X 0.15 0.16 0.092 0.13 0.18 0.16 0.093 0.22 0.083 0.44

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

13. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND 0.010 0.010 ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.013 X 0.005 0.005 0.015 0.011 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.026 0.005

Residue Findings for Apple Composites & Associated Single-Serving Portions

(Azinphos methyl & Chlorpyrifos only)

Appendix F. Page 1 of 6
Composite 

Value 

Detected,

Single, Whole 

Value 

Detected,

Single-Serving Portion Values Detected, ppm

Sample # / Pesticide ppm ppm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

14. Azinphos methyl 0.036 X 0.020 0.010 0.048 0.020 0.062 0.045 0.029 0.010 0.058 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND 0.005 ND ND ND 0.005 ND

15. Azinphos methyl 0.052 X 0.020 0.085 0.051 0.022 0.010 0.049 0.029 0.010 0.073 0.021

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND 0.005 0.005 ND ND 0.005 ND 0.005 0.005 ND

16. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.026 X 0.046 0.018 0.046 0.012 0.016 0.020 0.025 0.005 0.032 0.005

17. Azinphos methyl 0.26 X 0.083 0.53 0.21 0.050 0.083 0.10 0.089 0.45 0.20 0.060

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 ND

18. Azinphos methyl 0.024 X ND ND ND 0.060 ND 0.022 0.040 0.12 0.027 0.048

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X ND ND 0.005 ND 0.005 0.005 ND ND ND ND

19. Azinphos methyl 0.039 X 0.032 0.062 0.077 0.033 0.091 X 0.093 0.023 0.031 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND X ND ND ND ND

20. Azinphos methyl 0.096 X 0.10 0.20 0.055 0.088 0.041 0.032 0.054 0.069 0.024 0.036

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

21. Azinphos methyl 0.053 X 0.010 0.010 0.089 0.021 0.12 0.069 0.028 0.064 0.056 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.032 X 0.015 0.013 0.028 0.005 0.023 0.020 0.021 0.015 0.017 0.005

22. Azinphos methyl 0.028 X 0.038 ND 0.031 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X ND 0.005 0.005 ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.005

23. Azinphos methyl 0.12 X 0.055 0.14 0.088 0.11 0.24 0.12 0.15 0.068 0.25 0.12

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

24. Azinphos methyl 0.049 X 0.044 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.058 0.010 0.067 0.030 0.031 0.098

Chlorpyrifos 0.042 X 0.018 0.033 0.010 0.012 0.026 0.005 0.091 0.028 0.025 0.020

25. Azinphos methyl 0.033 X 0.010 0.010 0.057 0.064 0.010 0.010 0.021 0.010 0.010 0.038

Chlorpyrifos 0.010 X ND ND 0.029 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

26. Azinphos methyl 0.079 X 0.099 0.068 0.033 0.067 0.081 0.069 0.064 0.041 0.15 0.079

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

27. Azinphos methyl 0.063 X 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.030 0.093 0.084 0.092 0.088 0.044 0.12

Chlorpyrifos 0.12 X 0.54 0.43 0.075 0.039 0.18 0.063 0.13 0.071 0.058 0.36

28. Azinphos methyl 0.035 X 0.049 0.062 0.024 0.026 0.069 0.039 0.063 0.082 0.047 0.054

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

29. Azinphos methyl 0.024 X 0.051 0.042 0.038 0.043 0.028 0.037 0.021 0.024 0.041 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.066 X 0.35 0.005 0.064 0.079 0.060 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.16 0.005

30. Azinphos methyl 0.11 X 0.13 0.11 0.041 0.089 0.094 0.13 0.15 0.045 0.059 0.16

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X ND ND 0.005 ND ND 0.005 0.005 ND 0.005 ND

31. Azinphos methyl 0.039 X 0.034 0.010 0.051 0.041 0.036 0.030 0.032 0.030 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

32. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X 0.010 ND 0.010 0.021 0.010 ND 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.069 X 0.25 0.087 0.033 0.096 0.036 0.016 0.22 0.17 0.41 0.061

33. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.036 X 0.080 0.042 0.018 0.032 0.035 0.017 0.036 0.005 0.060 0.053

34. Azinphos methyl 0.033 X 0.082 0.040 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.039 0.025 0.021 0.010 0.038

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

35. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.032 X 0.039 0.029 0.014 0.033 0.11 0.017 0.042 0.015 0.058 0.060

Appendix F. Page 2 of 6
Composite 

Value 

Detected,

Single, Whole 

Value 

Detected,

Single-Serving Portion Values Detected, ppm

Sample # / Pesticide ppm ppm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

36. Azinphos methyl 0.045 X 0.028 0.021 0.053 0.059 0.080 0.076 0.072 0.049 0.079 0.066

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

37. Azinphos methyl 0.025 X 0.010 0.045 0.068 0.053 0.010 0.062 0.028 0.028 0.027 0.033

Chlorpyrifos ND X 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

38. Azinphos methyl 0.060 X 0.046 0.024 0.062 0.037 0.042 0.031 0.18 0.026 0.027 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

39. Azinphos methyl 0.027 X 0.010 0.010 0.031 0.038 0.020 0.034 0.010 0.029 0.031 0.041

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

40. Azinphos methyl 0.056 X 0.055 0.010 0.046 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.022 0.024 X 0.031

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND X ND

41. Azinphos methyl 0.12 X 0.15 0.096 0.095 0.16 0.055 0.042 0.087 0.11 0.066 0.050

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

42. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.037 X 0.081 0.043 0.005 0.057 0.061 0.033 0.005 0.005 0.040 0.005

43. Azinphos methyl 0.092 X 0.12 0.010 0.028 0.088 0.10 0.024 0.027 0.058 0.020 0.026

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

44. Azinphos methyl 0.059 X 0.026 0.010 0.010 0.033 0.060 0.065 0.010 0.026 0.021 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

45. Azinphos methyl 0.022 X 0.034 0.010 0.029 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

46. Azinphos methyl 0.054 X 0.15 0.033 0.026 0.034 0.10 0.024 0.010 0.037 0.084 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

47. Azinphos methyl 0.036 X 0.034 0.027 0.010 0.033 0.010 0.025 0.052 0.054 0.010 0.046

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

48. Azinphos methyl 0.089 X 0.010 0.066 0.078 0.044 0.034 0.13 0.010 0.036 0.064 0.057

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

49. Azinphos methyl 0.025 X 0.046 0.010 0.010 0.026 0.010 0.068 0.026 0.031 0.036 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

50. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X ND ND 0.010 0.010 0.010 ND ND 0.010 ND 0.022

Chlorpyrifos 0.043 X 0.056 0.005 ND 0.005 0.005 0.044 0.005 0.19 0.005 0.005

51. Azinphos methyl 0.11 X 0.093 0.041 0.051 0.010 0.029 0.19 0.037 0.096 0.16 0.084

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

52. Azinphos methyl 0.044 X 0.10 0.071 0.053 0.040 0.051 0.033 0.076 0.042 0.033 0.065

Chlorpyrifos 0.012 X 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.019 0.005 0.043 0.017

53. Azinphos methyl 0.028 X 0.010 0.041 0.046 0.047 0.028 0.041 0.037 0.021 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.005

54. Azinphos methyl 0.040 X 0.037 0.050 0.16 0.042 0.010 0.050 0.029 0.064 0.026 0.079

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND 0.005 ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.005

55. Azinphos methyl 0.023 X 0.044 0.010 0.039 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.034

Chlorpyrifos 0.17 X 0.13 0.026 0.18 0.073 0.052 0.005 0.020 0.015 0.005 0.067

56. Azinphos methyl 0.053 X 0.12 0.050 0.026 0.068 0.038 0.024 0.23 0.043 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

57. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.012 X 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.011 0.005 0.018 0.032 0.005 0.041 0.035

Appendix F. Page 3 of 6
Composite 

Value 

Detected,

Single, Whole 

Value 

Detected,

Single-Serving Portion Values Detected, ppm

Sample # / Pesticide ppm ppm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

58. Azinphos methyl 0.033 X 0.040 0.038 0.031 0.042 0.022 0.063 0.12 0.062 0.063 0.034

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

59. Azinphos methyl 0.056 X 0.095 0.097 0.084 0.023 0.010 0.058 0.031 0.010 0.095 0.060

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

60. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X ND ND ND ND 0.010 0.010 0.010 ND 0.021 ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.018 X 0.043 0.021 0.020 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.053 0.005 0.023

61. Azinphos methyl 0.029 X 0.025 0.034 0.023 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.037 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

62. Azinphos methyl 0.042 X 0.032 0.010 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.068 0.071 0.033 0.010 0.039

Chlorpyrifos 0.028 X 0.028 0.005 0.005 0.043 0.026 0.049 0.032 0.025 0.020 0.057

63. Azinphos methyl 0.026 X ND 0.052 0.021 ND ND 0.010 ND 0.045 ND 0.031

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

64. Azinphos methyl 0.054 X 0.054 0.051 0.043 0.034 0.010 0.062 0.086 0.059 0.049 0.084

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

65. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X 0.010 ND 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 ND 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.014 X 0.025 ND ND 0.005 0.016 0.005 ND ND 0.011 0.027

66. Azinphos methyl ND X ND 0.010 ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.010 ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.035 X 0.040 ND 0.086 0.054 0.090 0.005 0.021 0.072 0.005 0.016

67. Azinphos methyl 0.027 X 0.010 0.010 0.032 0.021 0.010 0.010 ND ND 0.047 ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.028 X 0.005 0.075 0.012 0.010 0.17 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

68. Azinphos methyl 0.067 X 0.042 0.027 0.010 0.044 0.020 0.024 0.037 0.050 0.063 0.029

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

69. Azinphos methyl 0.069 X 0.050 0.020 0.060 0.010 0.026 0.093 0.010 0.066 0.24 0.081

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X 0.005 ND 0.015 ND ND 0.005 0.005 ND ND 0.005

70. Azinphos methyl 0.020 X 0.024 0.010 0.028 ND 0.010 ND 0.010 0.010 0.026 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.014 X ND ND ND ND ND 0.016 ND ND ND ND

71. Azinphos methyl 0.087 X 0.092 0.037 0.010 0.093 0.061 0.049 0.054 0.093 0.13 0.074

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

72. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.047 X 0.027 0.005 0.038 0.005 0.078 0.043 0.043 0.027 0.011 0.049

73. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.010 X 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.014 0.005 0.005 ND 0.005 0.005 ND

74. Azinphos methyl 0.023 X 0.010 ND 0.010 0.027 0.021 0.010 0.010 0.040 0.028 0.023

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X ND ND ND ND ND 0.023 ND ND ND ND

75. Azinphos methyl 0.022 X 0.036 0.047 0.021 0.010 0.010 0.023 0.038 0.024 0.020 0.037

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.005 ND ND 0.005

76. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.027 X 0.014 0.044 0.005 0.012 0.020 0.031 0.016 0.005 0.037 0.012

77. Azinphos methyl 0.039 X 0.010 0.037 0.054 0.073 0.055 0.069 0.050 0.029 0.12 0.062

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

78. Azinphos methyl 0.035 X X 0.060 0.037 0.10 0.10 0.040 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.030

Chlorpyrifos ND X X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

79. Azinphos methyl 0.027 X ND ND ND 0.038 ND 0.085 ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Appendix F. Page 4 of 6
Composite 

Value 

Detected,

Single, Whole 

Value 

Detected,

Single-Serving Portion Values Detected, ppm

Sample # / Pesticide ppm ppm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

80. Azinphos methyl 0.033 X 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.060 0.070 0.029 0.033

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

81. Azinphos methyl 0.027 X 0.010 0.038 0.010 0.020 0.046 0.043 0.033 0.039 0.021 ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X ND 0.005 0.005 ND 0.005 ND ND ND ND ND

82. Azinphos methyl 0.12 X 0.10 0.032 0.084 0.10 0.044 0.16 0.14 0.097 0.072 0.11

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

83. Azinphos methyl 0.050 X 0.021 0.11 0.010 0.068 0.035 ND ND 0.21 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.029 X ND 0.036 0.005 0.086 0.005 0.054 0.032 0.022 0.080 0.089

84. Azinphos methyl 0.026 X 0.035 ND 0.010 0.010 0.010 ND 0.033 0.010 0.031 0.070

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

85. Azinphos methyl 0.043 X 0.021 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.020 0.029 0.010 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

86. Azinphos methyl 0.11 X 0.058 0.047 0.067 0.035 0.031 0.036 0.044 0.026 0.050 0.022

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

87. Azinphos methyl 0.060 X 0.051 0.074 0.010 0.071 0.027 0.010 0.073 0.025 0.046 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

88. Azinphos methyl 0.061 X 0.11 0.062 0.066 0.025 0.032 0.052 0.010 0.047 0.033 0.060

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.011 0.005 ND ND

89. Azinphos methyl 0.081 X 0.12 0.030 0.061 0.077 0.020 0.020 0.051 0.020 0.026 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

90. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X 0.010 ND ND ND 0.010 0.022 0.010 ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.16 X 0.24 0.016 0.30 0.042 0.17 0.12 0.094 0.055 0.012 0.26

91. Azinphos methyl 0.032 X 0.023 0.031 0.032 0.037 0.039 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.010 0.036

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

92. Azinphos methyl 0.077 X 0.055 0.054 0.035 0.10 0.098 0.14 0.028 0.024 0.039 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

93. Azinphos methyl 0.067 X 0.075 0.11 0.19 0.17 0.099 0.23 0.060 0.099 0.084 0.050

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

94. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.028 X 0.015 0.013 0.026 0.032 0.005 0.036 0.044 0.029 0.005 0.10

95. Azinphos methyl 0.021 X ND 0.010 0.022 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 X

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND X

96. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X 0.020 0.010 0.024 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.022 0.010 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.011 X 0.010 0.018 0.038 0.021 0.005 0.014 0.005 0.017 0.033 0.053

97. Azinphos methyl 0.030 X 0.11 0.027 0.053 0.073 0.085 0.072 0.072 0.035 0.13 0.046

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X 0.042 ND 0.011 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

98. Azinphos methyl 0.059 X 0.037 0.027 0.025 0.029 0.031 0.054 0.028 0.036 X 0.077

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND 0.005 ND ND 0.005 ND 0.005 X 0.005

99. Azinphos methyl 0.029 X 0.020 0.032 0.022 0.010 0.069 0.042 0.026 0.044 0.024 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

100. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.010 X 0.005 0.014 0.011 0.024 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.038 0.005 0.005

101. Azinphos methyl ND X ND X X X X X X X X X

Chlorpyrifos 0.012 X 0.010 0.005 0.005 0.018 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.014 0.013 0.014

Appendix F. Page 5 of 6
Composite 

Value 

Detected,

Single, Whole 

Value 

Detected,

Single-Serving Portion Values Detected, ppm

Sample # / Pesticide ppm ppm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

102. Azinphos methyl 0.060 X 0.039 X X X X X X X X X

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

103. Azinphos methyl 0.070 X 0.043 0.054 0.13 0.083 0.026 0.054 0.058 0.097 0.079 0.045

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

104. Azinphos methyl 0.029 X 0.035 0.010 0.023 0.062 0.010 0.010 0.051 0.064 0.010 0.025

Chlorpyrifos 0.027 X 0.011 0.005 0.014 0.038 0.045 0.018 0.027 0.079 0.005 0.012

105. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.013 X 0.017 0.021 0.005 0.030 0.014 0.012 0.013 0.013 0.021 0.005

106. Azinphos methyl 0.033 X 0.010 0.041 0.010 0.010 0.045 0.010 0.010 0.023 0.010 0.12

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

107. Azinphos methyl 0.069 X 0.089 X X X X X X X X X

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

108. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X 0.010 X X X X X X X X X

Chlorpyrifos 0.014 X 0.020 0.014 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.015 0.031 0.005 0.049 0.017

109. Azinphos methyl 0.038 X ND 0.010 0.029 ND 0.047 0.027 0.010 0.010 0.037 0.062

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X ND ND 0.078 0.005 0.005 ND ND ND ND 0.005

110. Azinphos methyl 0.15 X 0.094 0.071 0.034 0.14 0.081 0.12 0.11 0.060 0.15 0.028

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

111. Azinphos methyl 0.010 X 0.010 0.010 0.010 ND ND 0.010 ND ND 0.023 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.035 X 0.24 0.078 0.030 0.023 0.005 0.032 0.005 0.005 0.11 0.061

112. Azinphos methyl 0.031 X 0.010 0.031 0.034 0.064 0.010 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos 0.005 X 0.005 0.005 0.022 0.005 0.013 0.005 0.005 ND ND 0.005

113. Azinphos methyl 0.043 X 0.27 0.035 0.010 0.074 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.068 0.010 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

114. Azinphos methyl 0.044 X 0.010 0.022 0.14 0.022 0.021 0.088 0.060 0.010 0.031 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

115. Azinphos methyl ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chlorpyrifos 0.045 X 0.031 0.005 0.045 0.018 0.019 0.010 0.010 0.12 0.005 0.053

116. Azinphos methyl 0.061 X 0.022 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.074 0.030 0.010 0.049

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

117. Azinphos methyl 0.10 X 0.027 0.13 0.010 0.028 0.030 0.075 0.22 0.11 0.13 0.096

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

118. Azinphos methyl 0.036 X 0.029 0.010 0.010 0.036 0.25 0.030 0.040 0.010 0.033 0.010

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

119. Azinphos methyl 0.023 X ND 0.010 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.032 0.062

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

120. Azinphos methyl 0.041 X 0.056 0.010 0.010 0.025 0.054 0.043 0.023 0.069 0.093 0.020

Chlorpyrifos ND X ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

ND - Non-Detection

X - Not Analyzed

Appendix F. Page 6 of 6
Appendix G

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Oats

Appendix G shows residue detections for all oat samples tested for pesticides,

minimum and maximum concentrations reported, Limits of Detection (LODs), and whether

a tolerance or Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL)

is established for each pesticide in oats. Sample results for rolled and bran oats are

combined. All pesticides analyzed in oats are included in the quality assurance program

as required compounds.

In 1999, PDP analyzed 332 oat samples. A total of 28 samples (8%) were reported

with residue detections. None of the residue detections exceeded the established

tolerance.

Refer to the Appendix E cover page for a definition of Codex MRLs/EMRLs.
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detections

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

1 Naphthol 332 0.010 ^ NT ---

3-Hydroxycarbofuran 332 0.005 ^ 0.1 0.1

Aldrin 332 0.003 ^ 0.03AL 0.02

Allethrin (insecticide) 332 0.001 ^ 2 ---

Azinphos methyl 332 0.013 ^ 0.2 ---

BHC alpha 332 0.003 ^ 0.05AL---

BHC beta 312 0.003 ^ 0.05AL---

BHC delta 332 0.003 ^ 0.05AL---

Carbaryl 332 0.003 ^ 0 5

Carbofuran 332 0.005 ^ 0.1 0.1

Chlorpyrifos methyl 332 1 0.3 0.022 ^ 0.001 ^ 6.0 ---

DDD p,p' 332 0.003 ^ 0.05AL 0.1

DDE p,p' 332 2 0.6 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.05AL 0.1

DDT p,p' 332 0.004 ^ 0.05AL 0.1

Dichlorvos - DDVP 332 0.003 ^ 0.5 5

Dieldrin 332 0.003 ^ 0.03AL 0.02

Disulfoton 332 0.006 ^ 0.75 0.2

Disulfoton sulfone 332 0.015 ^ 0.75 0.2

Diuron 292 0.003 ^ 1 ---

Endosulfan I 332 0.008 ^ 0.1 ---

Endosulfan II 332 0.010 ^ 0.1 ---

Endosulfan sulfate 332 0.003 ^ 0.1 ---

EPTC (herbicide) 332 0.003 ^ NT ---

Heptachlor 332 0.002 ^ 0.01AL 0.02

Heptachlor epoxide 332 0.002 ^ 0.01AL 0.02

Imidacloprid (insecticide) 332 0.008 ^ 0.05 ---

Lindane - BHC gamma 332 0.003 ^ 0.1 0.5

Linuron 332 0.010 ^ NT ---

APPENDIX G. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN OATS

Appendix G. Page 1 of 2
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detections

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL 

ppm

Malathion 332 18 5.4 0.005 - 0.011 0.003 ^ 8 8

Malathion oxygen analog 332 0.003 ^ 8 ---

Metalaxyl 332 0.004 ^ 0.2 0.05

Methomyl 332 0.005 ^ 1 0.5

Methoxychlor p,p' 332 0.009 ^ 2 ---

Metolachlor (herbicide) 332 3 0.9 0.005 - 0.013 0.003 ^ 0.1 ---

Oxadixyl (fungicide) 332 0.002 ^ 0.1 ---

Parathion ethyl 332 0.013 ^ 1 ---

Parathion methyl 332 0.006 ^ 1 ---

Parathion methyl o-analog 332 0.017 ^ 1 ---

Parathion oxygen analog 332 0.008 ^ 1 ---

Piperonyl butoxide 332 4 1.2 0.020 ^ 0.012 ^ 8 ---

Propiconazole (fungicide) 332 1 0.3 0.018 ^ 0.005 ^ 0.1 0.05

Tebuconazole (fungicide) 332 0.005 ^ 0.05 ---

Triadimenol (fungicide) 332 0.008 ^ 0.05 0.2

Trifluralin 332 0.007 ^ 0.05 ---

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide / commodity pair.

AL = Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels

 (EMRLs) for some pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action

 levels has been transferred to EPA. In the interim, action levels are used.

Appendix G. Page 2 of 2
Appendix H

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Corn Syrup

Appendix H shows residue detections for all corn syrup samples tested for

pesticides, minimum and maximum concentrations reported, and Limits of Detection

(LODs) for each pesticide in corn syrup. All pesticides analyzed in corn syrup are included

in the quality assurance program as required compounds.

In 1999, PDP analyzed 156 corn syrup samples (42/43 DE). There were no

reported residue detections. The Environmental Protection Agency and Codex Maximum

Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit tolerance levels are not listed since

there were no findings. The data indicate that residues which may have been present in

the raw agricultural commodity were either eliminated or reduced to non-detectable levels

by the process employed in manufacturing corn syrup.
Pesticide

Total Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm LODs, ppm

3-Hydroxycarbofuran 156 0.009 ^

Acetochlor (herbicide) 156 0.001 ^

Alachlor (herbicide) 156 0.002 ^

Aldicarb 78 0.007 ^

Aldicarb sulfone 156 0.009 ^

Aldicarb sulfoxide 156 0.009 ^

Ametryn (herbicide) 140 0.015 ^

Atrazine 156 0.002 ^

Azinphos methyl 125 0.20 ^

BHC alpha 156 0.001 ^

BHC beta 142 0.001 ^

Bifenthrin 156 0.001 ^

Captan 156 0.040 ^

Carbaryl 140 0.006 ^

Carbofuran 156 0.009 ^

Carbophenothion 156 0.038 ^

Chlordane cis 156 0.002 ^

Chlordane trans 156 0.002 ^

Chlorfenvinphos beta 156 0.001 ^

Chlorpropham 156 0.006 ^

Chlorpyrifos 156 0.001 ^

Chlorpyrifos methyl 156 0.002 ^

Coumaphos 156 0.009 ^

Coumaphos oxygen analog 156 0.063 ^

Cyanazine (herbicide) 156 0.008 ^

Cyfluthrin 156 0.025 ^

DCPA 156 0.001 ^

DDD o,p' 156 0.001 ^

DDD p,p' 156 0.001 ^

DDE o,p' 156 0.001 ^

DDE p,p' 156 0.002 ^

DDT o,p' 156 0.001 ^

DDT p,p' 156 0.001 ^

Demeton-S sulfone 142 0.010 ^

APPENDIX H. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN CORN SYRUP

Appendix H. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Total Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm LODs, ppm

Diazinon 156 0.003 ^

Dichlorvos - DDVP 110 0.002 ^

Dicloran 156 0.002 ^

Dicofol p,p' 156 0.003 ^

Dieldrin 156 0.003 ^

Dimethoate 156 0.005 ^

Endosulfan I 156 0.013 ^

Endosulfan II 156 0.010 ^

Endosulfan sulfate 156 0.015 ^

Esfenvalerate 156 0.002 ^

Ethalfluralin 156 0.023 ^

Ethion 156 0.001 ^

Ethoprop 140 0.003 ^

Fenamiphos 126 0.010 ^

Fenamiphos sulfoxide 156 0.023 ^

Fenitrothion 156 0.009 ^

Fenthion 110 0.002 ^

Fenvalerate 156 0.002 ^

Fonofos 156 0.003 ^

Heptachlor 156 0.001 ^

Heptachlor epoxide 156 0.004 ^

Hexachlorobenzene - HCB 124 0.001 ^

Imazalil 156 0.020 ^

Iprodione 156 0.025 ^

Lambda cyhalothrin 124 0.001 ^

Lambda cyhalothrin isomer 156 0.001 ^

Lindane - BHC gamma 156 0.003 ^

Linuron 156 0.010 ^

Malathion 156 0.002 ^

Metalaxyl 140 0.002 ^

Methidathion 156 0.003 ^

Methomyl 156 0.007 ^

Methoxychlor olefin 155 0.001 - 0.002

Methoxychlor Total 155 0.001 - 0.002

Metolachlor 156 0.001 ^

Metribuzin (herbicide) 140 0.003 ^

Appendix H. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Total Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm LODs, ppm

Mevinphos E 156 0.005 ^

Myclobutanil 156 0.005 ^

Oxamyl 140 0.009 ^

Oxychlordane 156 0.006 ^

Oxyfluorfen 156 0.009 ^

Parathion ethyl 156 0.006 ^

Parathion methyl 156 0.008 ^

Pendimethalin (herbicide) 156 0.002 ^

Pentachlorobenzene - PCB 80 0.001 ^

Permethrin cis 156 0.001 ^

Permethrin trans 156 0.001 ^

Phorate 94 0.001 ^

Phosalone 156 0.020 ^

Phosmet 156 0.010 ^

Phosphamidon 156 0.015 ^

Piperonyl butoxide 156 0.001 ^

Pirimiphos methyl 110 0.001 ^

Profenofos 156 0.016 ^

Prometryn (herbicide) 156 0.002 ^

Propachlor (herbicide) 156 0.012 ^

Propargite 156 0.040 ^

Propiconazole 140 0.008 ^

Quintozene - PCNB 156 0.003 ^

Simazine 156 0.004 ^

Sulprofos 124 0.002 ^

Tecnazene 156 0.002 ^

Terbufos 156 0.001 ^

Terbufos sulfone 156 0.002 ^

Tetrachlorvinphos 156 0.006 ^

Thiabendazole 156 0.010 ^

Triadimenol (fungicide) 156 0.030 ^

Trifluralin 156 0.001 ^

Vinclozolin 156 0.002 ^

^ - Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

Appendix H. Page 3 of 3
Appendix I

National Estimates for

Concentration Percentiles vs. Tolerance

(Pairs With Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples)

Appendix I shows 59 pesticide/commodity pairs (including metabolites, isomers,

and degradates) with detections in at least 10 percent of the samples tested. 

Concentrations detected are arranged in percentiles. The 90th percentile is compared to

the Environmental Protection Agency tolerance established for each pesticide/commodity

pair.

The meaning of a percentile can be most easily explained through an example. For

the azinphos methyl/pears pair, the 50th percentile, or median, is estimated to be 0.012

ppm. This means that PDP estimates that at least 50 percent of pears available to U.S.

consumers had azinphos methyl residues of 0.012 ppm or less, while at least 50 percent

had residues of 0.012 ppm or more. Similarly, the 75th percentile (or the upper quartile)

for this pair is estimated to be 0.045 ppm, which means that at least 75 percent of pears

had residues of 0.045 ppm or less, while at least 25 percent had residues of 0.045 ppm

or more. Finally, the 90th percentile (or the last decile) is estimated to be 0.10 ppm,

meaning that at least 90 percent of all pears had azinphos methyl residues of 0.10 ppm

or less, while at least 10 percent had residues of 0.10 ppm or more.

Percent detections and percentiles for apples, cantaloupe, cucumbers, lettuce,

fresh pears, fresh strawberries, and fresh tomatoes were weighted to reflect 1998

Agricultural Marketing Service marketing data. There were no marketing data available

for sweet bell peppers, frozen spinach, frozen strawberries, canned tomatoes, and winter

squash.

For processed grape juice, the percentile concentrations were weighted to reflect

1999 sales volume data provided by the Food Institute.

Commodity Collected Sales

GJ (Ready-to-serve:Concentrate) 1:1 3:1
APPENDIX I. NATIONAL ESTIMATES FOR CONCENTRATION PERCENTILES vs. TOLERANCE

(Pairs With Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples)

% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) ** Percentiles 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

1 Apples (W)

Azinphos methyl 65.6 0.024 0.026 0.015 0.033 0.061 0.031

Carbaryl 13.9 0.009 0.014 * * 0.015 0.002

Chlorpyrifos 23.8 0.005 0.008 * * 0.014 0.009

2 Cantaloupe (W)

Endosulfan sulfate 30.8 0.006 0.011 * 0.012 0.025 0.013

Methomyl 11.9 0.005 0.022 * * 0.008 0.038

3 Cucumbers (W)

Dieldrin 14.4 0.003 0.006 * * 0.006 0.060

Endosulfan I 41.6 0.010 0.012 * 0.014 0.030 0.015

Endosulfan II 36.0 0.006 0.010 * 0.011 0.020 0.010

Endosulfan sulfate 55.3 0.020 0.023 0.012 0.036 0.054 0.027

Methamidophos 11.5 0.010 0.017 * * 0.007 0.007

4 Grape Juice (W)

Carbaryl 42.3 0.012 0.019 * 0.019 0.036 0.004

5 Lettuce (W)

Acephate 15.1 0.007 0.010 * * 0.009 0.001

6 Pears (Fresh) (W)

Azinphos methyl 52.0 0.042 0.047 0.012 0.045 0.10 0.050

Captan 14.6 0.022 0.033 * * 0.040 0.002

Diphenylamine (DPA) 14.5 0.009 0.021 * * 0.026 0.003

o-Phenylphenol 20.6 0.17 0.18 * * 0.032 0.001

Phosmet 13.6 0.016 0.024 * * 0.019 0.002

Thiabendazole 79.7 0.51 0.52 0.36 0.64 1.1 0.11

7 Spinach (Frozen)

DDE p,p' 42.7 0.006 0.010 * 0.010 0.021 0.042

Methomyl 10.1 0.013 0.024 * * 0.009 0.002

Permethrin cis 67.4 0.57 0.58 0.23 0.82 1.7 0.085

Permethrin trans 67.8 0.67 0.68 0.25 0.99 2.0 0.10

Permethrin Total 60.6 1.2 1.2 0.24 2.3 3.7 0.19

8 Strawberries (Fresh) (W)

Benomyl 17.3 0.060 0.10 * * 0.16 0.032

Captan 59.4 0.59 0.59 0.068 0.58 1.8 0.072

Carbaryl 17.6 0.058 0.068 * * 0.049 0.005

Iprodione 49.2 0.30 0.31 * 0.42 0.84 0.056

Malathion 16.1 0.005 0.010 * * 0.014 0.002

Methomyl 23.0 0.088 0.098 * * 0.20 0.10

Myclobutanil 22.4 0.022 0.059 * * 0.080 0.16

Vinclozolin 11.4 0.042 0.047 * * 0.019 0.002

Appendix I. Page 1 of 2
% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) ** Percentiles 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

9 Strawberries (Frozen) 

Benomyl 10.8 0.017 0.062 * * *** ***

Captan 62.0 0.076 0.080 0.038 0.099 *** ***

Carbaryl 23.9 0.047 0.054 * * *** ***

Iprodione 38.0 0.051 0.067 * 0.067 *** ***

Malathion 23.9 0.005 0.009 * * *** ***

Myclobutanil 12.7 0.010 0.038 * * *** ***

Vinclozolin 33.8 0.025 0.031 * 0.026 *** ***

10 Sweet Bell Peppers

Acephate 25.2 0.061 0.064 * 0.005 0.21 0.053

Chlorpyrifos 15.5 0.012 0.018 * * 0.032 0.032

Dicofol p,p' 11.6 0.011 0.025 * * 0.015 0.003

Endosulfan I 21.1 0.006 0.010 * * 0.021 0.011

Endosulfan II 23.1 0.010 0.014 * * 0.036 0.018

Endosulfan sulfate 21.9 0.007 0.012 * * 0.026 0.013

Metalaxyl 16.3 0.016 0.086 * * 0.045 0.045

Methamidophos 36.4 0.035 0.039 * 0.026 0.12 0.12

Methomyl 11.8 0.009 0.019 * * 0.014 0.007

Omethoate 10.1 0.002 0.010 * * * *

Oxamyl 10.1 0.007 0.019 * * 0.006 0.002

11 Tomatoes (Canned)

Methamidophos 15.8 0.001 0.006 * * 0.004 0.004

12 Tomatoes (Fresh) (W)

Chlorpyrifos 15.2 0.003 0.009 * * 0.011 0.021

Endosulfan I 26.2 0.006 0.009 * 0.003 0.012 0.006

Endosulfan II 36.0 0.007 0.011 * 0.010 0.020 0.010

Endosulfan sulfate 35.4 0.006 0.011 * 0.010 0.022 0.011

Methamidophos 21.6 0.011 0.019 * * 0.036 0.036

Permethrin cis 15.4 0.006 0.023 * * 0.025 0.012

Permethrin trans 16.1 0.006 0.020 * * 0.018 0.009

13 Winter Squash (Fresh)

Endosulfan sulfate 23.6 0.005 0.010 * * 0.019 0.009

14 Winter Squash (Frozen)

Dieldrin 60.0 0.015 0.017 0.011 0.023 0.042 0.42

* The percentile value is estimated to be below the Limit of Detection (LOD)

** The mean is estimated with a range of values. The lower bound is calculated with non-detections 

valued at zero. The upper bound is calculated using the LOD.

*** A sample size of at least 80 observations is needed before 90th percentiles can be estimated with 

publishable accuracy (see Third Report on Nutrition Monitoring in the United States , Volume 1, p. III-7, 

Interagency Board for Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research, 1995).

(W) - Weighted for utilization. The Percent of Samples with Detections was recalculated to reflect national 

 estimates.

Appendix I. Page 2 of 2
Appendix J

Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected

Pesticide/Commodity Pairs

In Appendix J, the concentrations detected (in parts per million, except where

otherwise noted) are plotted versus the calculated percentiles for the following eight

pesticide/commodity pairs:

Endosulfan sulfate / Cantaloupe

Dieldrin / Cucumbers

Carbaryl / Grape Juice

Thiabendazole / Pears (Fresh)

DDE p,p= / Spinach (Frozen)

Iprodione / Strawberries (Fresh)

Acephate / Sweet Bell Peppers

Methamidophos / Sweet Bell Peppers

The distribution of residues for all of the PDP pesticide/commodity pairs has the

same curved shape. The highest percentile graphed in the appendix is the 99th, which in

each case is lower than the highest concentration detected in the sample (refer to the

value shown in each graph=s legend). Inclusion of the highest concentration would cause

graph distortion, which would obscure concentrations in the low ranges. The tolerance for

the pesticide/commodity pair is also indicated in the legend of each graph. The large dots

show the percentage of the commodity at or below a given level of residue concentration.

For example, an estimated 50 percent of fresh pears available to U.S. consumers in 1999

had thiabendazole residue concentrations of 0.36 ppm or less. The solid lines, tailing the

large dots, depict percentage values. The lowest value of these solid lines indicates the

estimated percentage of the commodity available to U.S. consumers with no detectable

residues. For thiabendazole in fresh pears, this is 20 percent. The shaded bar denotes

the range of values estimated for the mean. For thiabendazole/pears, the mean range is

approximately 0.51-0.52 ppm, corresponding to the 63rd percentile.
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Endosulfan sulfate / Cantaloupe

APPENDIX J. CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTIONS OF RESIDUES

FOR SELECTED PESTICIDE/COMMODITY PAIRS

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

• • • • • •

•

• • ••

•

•

• •

• ••

••

•

•

• ••

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND Tolerance is 2.0 ppm Highest Level Detected is 0.063 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Dieldrin / Cucumbers 

70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.050

0.055

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.050

0.055

• •• •••• • •

• •• •• • •

• •••

•••••

•••

•

•

•

•

•

••

•

•• LEGEND

 Action Level is 0.1 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 0.11 ppm

MEAN
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Carbaryl / Grape Juice

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

• • •• ••••••• •••••••• •••

•••• •••• •

•• •

••

•••

•• •

•

•••• ••••

• • LEGEND

 Tolerance is 10 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 0.086 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Thiabendazole / Pears (Fresh)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

••••••••••••••••••••• •••••••• •• ••••• •••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • •

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 10 pp Tolerance is 10 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 5.2 ppm

MEAN
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

DDE p,p’ / Spinach (Frozen)

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.050

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.050

•• ••• •••

• •• •• • •• ••• ••

••

• • ••

•

•

• ••

•

• ••

•

•

•

•

• ••

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Action Level 0.5 ppm Highest Level Detected is 0.07 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Iprodione / Strawberries (Fresh)

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

•• ••••••••••••••••••••••• •••• ••••••••••••••••••••• ••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••

••

•

• •

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 15 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 4.9 ppm

MEAN
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Acephate / Sweet Bell Peppers

50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

•••••

••••

•••••••••••••••••

•

•

••••

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 4 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 1.38 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Methamidophos / Sweet Bell Peppers

50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

•••••• ••• ••••• •••••••••••••••••••••• •••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••• ••• •

••••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 1 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 0.75 ppm

MEAN
Appendix K

Number of Residues Detected per Sample

(Fresh and Processed Products)

Appendix K shows the percentage of samples versus the number of residues

detected per sample. Page 1 shows the overall number of samples and percentages (of

total number of samples analyzed) for each detection group across all commodities. Page

2 shows the number of residues detected by individual commodity. For the 9,125 samples

tested, 36.0 percent of the samples had no detectable residues, 28.8 percent had one

residue, and 35.2 percent of the samples had more than one residue.
40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Number of

Samples 3288 2632 1537 804 472 189 81 45 26 29 11 6 2 3

Percent of

Total Samples 36.0 28.8 16.8 8.8 5.2 2.1 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.318 0.121 0.066 0.022 0.033

TOTAL NUMBER OF SAMPLES = 9,125

Number of Residues Detected per Sample

Number of Residues Detected per Sample

APPENDIX K. SAMPLES vs. NUMBER OF RESIDUES DETECTED PER SAMPLE

Percent of Samples

36.0

16.8

28.8

2.1

5.2

8.8

0.3 0.318 0.9 0.5 0.121 0.066 0.022 0.033

Appendix K. Page 1 of 2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

Apples (379) 17.2 47.0 27.4 6.9 1.1 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Apples, Single-Serving (1,463) 8.1 56.2 31.0 3.8 0.8 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Cantaloupe (831) 47.4 31.3 12.5 5.7 1.9 1.1 -- 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- --

Cucumbers (734) 27.1 19.5 10.2 24.8 13.2 4.1 1.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Lettuce (185) 62.7 19.5 13.0 2.2 2.2 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pears (359) 3.3 32.6 33.1 16.2 10.9 2.5 0.8 0.6 -- -- -- -- -- --

Pears, Single-Serving (352) 49.4 43.2 6.8 0.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Strawberries (650) 8.5 17.7 29.2 22.5 11.8 5.4 2.3 0.9 0.9 0.6 -- 0.2 -- --

Sweet Bell Peppers (733) 31.7 12.7 15.3 9.8 10.6 5.5 4.6 3.7 1.9 2.0 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.4

Tomatoes (366) 32.8 16.1 16.9 12.8 13.1 5.2 2.2 0.5 0.3 -- -- -- -- --

Winter Squash (246) 58.9 28.0 7.7 2.8 2.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

Grape Juice (714) 58.0 38.8 2.7 0.4 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pears, Canned (371) 96.0 4.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Spinach, Frozen (715) 15.1 18.9 26.0 18.6 10.3 5.6 1.7 1.0 0.7 1.4 0.3 0.4 -- --

Strawberries, Frozen (71) 14.1 15.5 28.2 21.1 16.9 4.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Tomatoes, Canned (368) 74.2 17.7 5.2 1.6 1.1 -- 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Winter Squash, Frozen (100) 37.0 58.0 5.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Number of Samples 2828 2605 1536 804 472 189 81 45 26 29 11 6 2 3

Percent of Total Samples 32.7 30.2 17.8 9.3 5.5 2.2 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.336 0.127 0.069 0.023 0.035

TOTAL NUMBER OF FRUIT & VEGETABLE SAMPLES = 8,637

Processed Grain Products: 

Corn Syrup (156) 100 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Oats, Rolled/Bran (332) 91.6 8.1 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Number of Samples 460 27 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Percent of Total Samples 94 5.5 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

APPENDIX K. SAMPLES vs. NUMBER OF RESIDUES DETECTED PER SAMPLE

Number of Residues Detected per Sample

Percent

Appendix K. Page 2 of 2
Appendix L

Samples Reported to FDA as Exceeding the Tolerance

or Without Established Tolerance

(per Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180)

Appendix L shows residues reported to FDA as exceeding the tolerance or residues

for which no established tolerance was listed under the Code of Federal Regulations

(CFR), Title 40, Part 180. In 1999, 19 samples were found to have 19 residues at levels

exceeding the established tolerance, with 5 each in cantaloupe and strawberries, 3 in

spinach, 2 each in cucumbers and pears, and 1 in winter squash and sweet bell peppers.

In addition, 301 residues were reported as without established tolerance as follows: 244

samples contained 1 residue without an established tolerance, 24 samples contained 2

residues without tolerances and 3 samples contained 3 residues without tolerances. 

Appendix L also noted if metabolites (or isomers) were detected as part of the

same sample. In instances where both parent and metabolite (or isomer) were detected,

PDP accounted for both as part of the same tolerance expression.
Residues Exceeding Established Tolerance

Commodity / Pesticide

Limit of 

Detection, ppm

Concentration 

Detected, ppm

EPA Tolerance 

Level, ppm

1 Cantaloupe / Acephate 0.002 0.088 0.02

2 Cantaloupe / Acephate 0.002 0.099 0.02

3 Cantaloupe / Acephate 0.002 0.039 0.02

4 Cantaloupe / Methamidophos 0.004 0.72 0.5

5 Cantaloupe / Methomyl 0.025 0.62 0.2

6 Cucumbers / Chlorpyrifos 0.008 0.094 0.05

7 Cucumbers / Methomyl 0.017 0.42 0.2

8 Pears, Fresh / Chlorpyrifos 0.004 0.15 0.05

9 Pears, Fresh / Esfenvalerate 0.098 0.16 0.05

10 Spinach, Frozen (Lambda cyhalothrin + Isomer) 0.001 0.13 0.01

11 Spinach, Frozen (Lambda cyhalothrin + Isomer) 0.009 0.075 0.01

12 Spinach, Frozen / Lambda cyhalothrin isomer 0.001 0.22 0.01

13 Strawberries, Fresh / Dichlorvos (DDVP) 0.002 0.68 0.5

14 Strawberries, Fresh / Methamidophos 0.015 0.25 0.05

15 Strawberries, Fresh / Methomyl 0.017 2.5 2

16 Strawberries, Fresh / Methomyl 0.012 5.4 2

17 Strawberries, Fresh / Methomyl 0.008 3.1 2

18 Sweet Bell Peppers (Lambda cyhalothrin + Isomer) 0.009 0.030 0.01

19 Winter Squash, Fresh / Acephate 0.005 0.089 0.02

Commodity / Pesticide

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

Reported % of Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

1 Cantaloupe

Chlorpyrifos 826 10 1.2 0.007 - 0.024 0.004 - 0.011 NT

Diphenylamine (DPA) 826 4 0.5 0.013 - 0.033 0.008 - 0.030 NT

Iprodione 826 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.031 NT

Pentachlorobenzene (PCB) 826 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.002 - 0.004 NT

2 Cucumbers

Dimethoate 730 5 0.7 0.003 - 0.092 0.002 - 0.010 NT

 Omethoate 1 730 2 0.3 0.007 - 0.023 0.004 - 0.017 NT

Endrin 180 2 1.1 0.005 - 0.013 0.003 ^ NT

Fenamiphos sulfone 730 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.020 NT

 Fenamiphos sulfoxide 2 194 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.022 NT

Phosphamidon 730 1 0.1 0.055 ^ 0.012 - 0.033 NT

Quintozene (PCNB) 729 4 0.5 0.002 - 0.005 0.001 - 0.006 NT

 Pentachloroaniline (PCA) 3 164 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ NT

Distribution of Residues with No Tolerance Listed in 40 CFR, Part 180, by Commodity/Pesticide

(Includes Samples of Unknown Origin - Regional Tolerances May or May Not Apply)

APPENDIX L. SAMPLES REPORTED TO FDA AS EXCEEDING THE TOLERANCE

OR WITHOUT ESTABLISHED TOLERANCE

(per Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180)

Appendix L. Page 1 of 3 
Commodity / Pesticide

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

Reported % of Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

3 Grape Juice

Ethion 714 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.002 - 0.006 NT

o-Phenylphenol 538 7 1.3 0.007 - 0.012 0.004 - 0.010 NT

Thiabendazole 714 1 0.1 0.075 ^ 0.009 - 0.045 NT

4 Pears, Fresh

Chlorothalonil 359 1 0.3 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.008 NT

Dicloran 359 3 0.8 0.002 - 0.013 0.001 - 0.010 NT

Iprodione 359 7 1.9 0.034 - 0.20 0.008 - 0.024 NT

5 Spinach, Frozen

Atrazine 715 1 0.1 0.028 ^ 0.002 - 0.020 NT

Carbofuran 715 1 0.1 0.028 ^ 0.010 - 0.031 NT

Chlorpyrifos 715 47 6.6 0.005 - 0.11 0.003 - 0.008 NT

Cypermethrin 519 14 2.7 0.083 - 1.7 0.025 - 0.070 NT

DCPA 715 67 9.4 0.002 - 0.065 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Dicloran 715 12 1.7 0.002 - 0.023 0.001 - 0.008 NT

Dicofol p,p' 715 5 0.7 0.005 - 0.055 0.003 - 0.033 NT

Diphenylamine (DPA) 715 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.008 - 0.17 NT

Fenvalerate 715 2 0.3 0.041 - 0.15 0.002 - 0.083 NT

Iprodione 714 2 0.3 0.025 - 0.083 0.015 - 0.050 NT

Linuron 338 2 0.6 0.028 - 0.070 0.003 - 0.042 NT

Piperonyl butoxide 353 7 1.9 0.067 - 4.0 0.040 - 0.050 NT

Triadimefon 715 2 0.3 0.020 ^ 0.007 - 0.031 NT

6 Strawberries, Fresh

Anilazine 425 6 1.4 0.097 - 0.73 0.018 - 0.083 NT

Diphenylamine (DPA) 640 1 0.2 0.025 ^ 0.008 - 0.17 NT

Methidathion 640 1 0.2 0.013 ^ 0.003 - 0.008 NT

Oxamyl 640 1 0.2 0.21 ^ 0.010 - 0.020 NT

Piperonyl butoxide 338 2 0.6 0.058 - 0.067 0.040 - 0.050 NT

Propargite 640 2 0.3 0.17 ^ 0.020 - 0.050 NT

Triadimefon 626 1 0.2 0.043 ^ 0.007 - 0.031 NT

7 Sweet Bell Peppers

Chlorothalonil 553 4 0.7 0.008 - 0.050 0.005 - 0.030 NT

Chlorpropham 730 3 0.4 0.010 ^ 0.006 - 0.025 NT

Diphenylamine (DPA) 730 10 1.4 0.013 - 0.025 0.008 - 0.17 NT

Ethion 715 24 3.4 0.002 - 0.34 0.001 - 0.010 NT

 Ethion mono oxon 4

177 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ NT

Iprodione 730 2 0.3 0.058 - 0.21 0.015 - 0.050 NT

 Iprodione isomer 576 0.020 ^ 0.012 - 0.025 NT

Piperonyl butoxide 356 2 0.6 0.067 ^ 0.040 - 0.050 NT

Pronamide 730 1 0.1 0.020 ^ 0.007 - 0.017 NT

Thiabendazole 733 3 0.4 0.050 ^ 0.009 - 0.083 NT

8 Tomatoes, Canned

Norflurazon 368 1 0.3 0.033 ^ 0.012 - 0.042 NT

9 Tomatoes, Fresh

Chlorpropham 364 1 0.3 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.025 NT

Diphenylamine (DPA) 364 4 1.1 0.017 - 0.025 0.008 - 0.17 NT

Ethion 364 3 0.8 0.015 - 0.024 0.001 - 0.010 NT

Iprodione 364 1 0.3 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.050 NT

Thiabendazole 364 1 0.3 0.050 ^ 0.009 - 0.083 NT

Appendix L. Page 2 of 3 
Commodity / Pesticide

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

Reported % of Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

10 Winter Squash, Fresh

Dimethoate 246 1 0.4 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.009 NT

Diphenylamine (DPA) 246 10 4.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.030 NT

Ethion 246 1 0.4 0.007 ^ 0.002 - 0.006 NT

11 Winter Squash, Frozen

Diphenylamine (DPA) 100 3 3 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.030 NT

KEY

 ^ The same concentration was reported for all detections or LODs.

NT No tolerance level was set for that pesticide / commodity pair.

1

Two detections within the same samples as Dimethoate.

2 One detection within the same sample as Fenamiphos sulfone.

3 One detection within the same sample as Quintozene.

4

Two detections within the same samples as Ethion.

5 One detection within the same sample as Iprodione.

Note:

For those pesticide/commodity pairs where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (3 times the

limit of detection), the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

Appendix L. Page 3 of 3 
PESTICIDE DATA PROGRAM 

 

Annual Summary Calendar Year 1999

Your satisfaction is very important to us and we welcome your comments and

suggestions. Thank you for taking a moment to fill out and return this card.

 

How would you rate this document on: Good Fair Poor

Visual Presentation? 9 9 9

Ease of Readability? 9 9 9

Information Provided? 9 9 9

Comments/ Suggestions: (Attach additional pages if needed) 

 

 

 

 

How did you obtain this copy?_______________________________________

Would you like additional copies? (limit 10 per person, 25 per organization)

# Requested _______ Mailing Address ________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

Would you like to have your name/organization added to our mailing list?

_________________________________________________________________

Mail or Fax to:

Martha Lamont, Chief, Pesticide Data Branch

USDA-AMS-S&T-Pesticide Data Branch

8700 Centreville Road, Suite 200

Manassas, VA 20110

Facsimile: 703-369-0678