United States Department of Agriculture

Agricultural Marketing Service

Science & Technology

Pesticide Data Program

Annual Summary Calendar Year 1996
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996 

iii

Contents

Page No.

Preface .......................................................... vii

Executive Summary .................................................. x

Section I

Introduction ............................................................ 1

Section II

Sampling Protocol ....................................................... 7

Section III

Laboratory Operations ................................................... 12

Section IV

Sample Results and Discussion ............................................. 13

Appendices A-J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix A Commodity History (A Chronological Listing)

Appendix B Sample Origin by Grower, Packer, or Distributor

Appendix C Quality Assurance Program Elements

Appendix D Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Fruit and Vegetables

Appendix E Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Wheat

Appendix F Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Milk

Appendix G Concentration Percentiles in Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs

Appendix H Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs 

Appendix I Percentage of Samples vs. Number of Residues Detected per Sample

Appendix J Distribution of Presumptive Tolerance Violations
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996 

v

Figures and Tables

Figures

Page No.

 1 Overview of PDP Management and Operations ....................... 2

 2 Participating States and Their Geographical Distribution Areas ............ 3

 3 Commodity Origin (Percentage Domestic vs. Imported) ................. 9

 4 Distribution of Wheat Samples ................................... 11

Tables

 1 Pesticides in Pesticide Data Program 1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

 2 Samples Collected and Analyzed per Commodity by Each Participating State. . 8

 3A Number of Samples and Residues Detected, by Commodity

 (Includes Post-Harvest Applications) ........................ . . . . 15

 3B Number of Samples and Residues Detected, by Commodity

 (Excludes Post-Harvest Applications) ........................... 16
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996 

vii

Preface

In 1991 the United States Department of Agriculture residue monitoring programs target foods most

(USDA) was charged with implementing a program to consumed by children, and that analytical testing

collect data on pesticide residues in food. USDA’s methods used be standardized, validated, and subject to

Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) was appointed to strict quality control and quality assurance programs.

undertake the creation and implementation of such a The Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, Title III Sec.

program, currently known as the Pesticide Data Program 301 (c) states: “The Secretary of Agriculture shall

(PDP). PDP has been in operation since May 1991 and ensure that the residue data collection activities

has published its findings for calendar years 1991 conducted by the Department of Agriculture in

through 1995. This is the summary for calendar year cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency

1996. and the Department of Health and Human Services,

PDP’s data on pesticides in selected commodities residues, including guidelines for the use of

strengthens the Government's ability to respond to food comparable analytical and standardized reporting

safety and marketing concerns, to protect public health, methods, and increased sampling of foods most likely

and to provide the Environmental Protection Agency consumed by infants and children.” 

(EPA) with data needed to assess the actual dietary risk

posed by pesticides. The States participating in PDP deserve special

EPA registers pesticides under a statutory standard that Sample collectors’ vigilance and dedication allow AMS

requires any food tolerance to be based on a reasonable to adjust sampling protocols to respond to changing

certainty of no harm. In making risk estimates, EPA trends in commodity distribution. Laboratory staffs

generally uses a step-wise approach to minimize were helpful in formulating recommendations to increase

resource expenditures. As an initial worst case productivity and improve methodologies. PDP also

assessment, EPA assumes that all acres of all crops are thanks the EPA; the Food and Drug Administration

treated with all pesticides for which they have a (FDA); AMS’ Eastern Laboratory; and USDA's

registered use. EPA also assumes that residues in National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Animal

treated crops are present at the maximum allowable and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), and the

level. A theoretical assessment of risk based on these Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards

worst case assumptions may significantly exceed the Administration (GIPSA) for providing their support to

actual risk of pesticide residues in the food supply and the program. 

jeopardize the registration of pesticides important to

American agriculture. Further refinements to the risk We welcome any comments on the Summary’s

assessment are done if needed. These refinements presentation. A form for submitting comments is

include the percent of crop treated with a pesticide; provided at the end of the Summary.

statistical analyses of field data; considerations of the

effects of washing, cooking, processing, and storage; and Data presented in this summary were collected and

use of monitoring data, if available and reliable. This is processed through the efforts of the following:

where PDP data are pivotal. PDP’s sampling procedures

were designed to capture actual residues in the food

supply as close as possible to the time of consumption,

thereby significantly upgrading the statistical reliability

and extent of information available for risk assessment.

PDP continues to focus on the National Academy of

Sciences’ conclusions as shown in the 1993 report

“Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children.” In

this report, the Academy recommends that pesticide

provide for the improved data collection of pesticide

recognition for their contributions to the program.

U.S. Department of Agriculture

Agricultural Marketing Service

Science and Technology

14th and Independence Avenue, S.W.

Room 3507, South Building, Mail Stop 0222

Post Office Box 96456

Washington, DC 20090-6456
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996 

viii

Deputy Administrator: William J. Franks, Jr. Michigan Department of Agriculture

Phone: (202) 720-5231 Fax: (202) 720-6496 Laboratory Division

Associate Deputy Administrator: Robert L. Epstein 1615 South Harrison Road

Phone: (202) 720-2158 Fax: (202) 720-1484 East Lansing, MI 48823-5224

Pesticide Data Program Staff

Phone: (703) 330-2300 Fax: (703) 369-0678 New York Department of Agriculture and Markets

INTERNET HOME PAGE

http://www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp/index.htm

Participating State Agencies

California Department of Food and Agriculture

California Department of Pesticide Regulation

Colorado Department of Agriculture

Florida Department of Agriculture and

 Consumer Services

Michigan Department of Agriculture

New York Department of Agriculture and Markets

North Carolina Department of Agriculture

Ohio Department of Agriculture

Texas Department of Agriculture

Washington State Department of Agriculture

Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and 

 Consumer Protection

Participating State Laboratories

California Department of Food and Agriculture

Division of Inspection Services

Center for Analytical Chemistry

3292 Meadowview Road

Sacramento, CA 95832

Florida Department of Agriculture and

 Consumer Services

Chemical Residue Laboratory, Building #3

3125 Conner Boulevard

Tallahassee, FL 32399-1650

Florida Department of Agriculture and

 Consumer Services

Chemical Residue Laboratory

500 3rd Street, Northwest

Winter Haven, FL 33880

Food Laboratory

State Campus, Building #7

Albany, NY 12235

North Carolina Department of Agriculture

Food and Drug Protection Division

Constable Laboratory

4000 Reedy Creek Road

Raleigh, NC 27607

Ohio Department of Agriculture

Consumer Analytical Laboratory

8995 East Main Street

Reynoldsburg, OH 43068

Texas Department of Agriculture

Brenham Pesticide Laboratory

200 East Horton Street

Brenham, TX 77834

Washington State Department of Agriculture

Chemical and Hop Laboratory

2017 South First Street

Yakima, WA 98903

Participating Federal Laboratories

United States Department of Agriculture

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

National Monitoring and Residue Analysis Laboratory

3505 25th Avenue, Building 9

Gulfport, MS 39501

United States Department of Agriculture

Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards

Administration

Grain Inspection Service

Technical Services Division

10383 North Executive Hills Blvd.

Kansas City, MO 64153
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996 

ix

United States Department of Agriculture

Agricultural Marketing Service

Science and Technology, Eastern Laboratory

645 Cox Road

Gastonia, NC 28054
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996 

x

Executive Summary

 

The Pesticide Data Program (PDP) was implemented by commodities. This will have minimal impact on dietary

the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in risk assessment evaluations, since the affected

May 1991 to collect data on pesticide residues in foods. commodities were in the testing system for at least 2

The data are used by the Environmental Protection Agency years.

(EPA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Economic

Research Service (ERS), Foreign Agricultural Service Eight participating States (California, Florida, Michigan,

(FAS), and various groups within the private sector. EPA New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, and

uses PDP data for its dietary risk assessment and pesticide Washington) collected and analyzed samples from

registration processes. FDA uses PDP data to refine January through part of September 1996, and for

sampling or in order to more effectively enforce tolerances. December 1996. Colorado and Wisconsin performed

ERS evaluates pesticide alternatives utilizing PDP data. PDP sampling activities only. Colorado shipped samples

PDP data are also used by the government and agricultural to other participating laboratories for analysis.

community to examine residue issues which may affect Wisconsin collected milk samples only and transshipped

good agricultural practices relating to integrated pest them to the New York laboratory for analysis. Together,

management objectives. FAS references PDP data in the 10 States collecting samples represent about 50

support of U.S. export commodities in a competitive percent of the Nation’s population and all regions of the

global market. Multiple private sector groups use PDP country.

data in addressing food safety issues.

PDP was designed to provide information on pesticide

Pesticides monitored by PDP in 1996 included residues in food in order to improve the quality of data

insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and growth regulators that EPA uses to determine the residue levels in foods and

in fresh and processed fruits and vegetables, whole milk, estimate exposure to consumers. Without actual residue

and wheat. Pesticides and commodities were chosen for data, initial risk assessments are based on tolerance levels

inclusion in the program based on the EPA's data needs which do not accurately reflect actual residues likely to be

and USDA's food consumption surveys. PDP planning found in ready-to-eat foods. A theoretical risk based on

and policy are coordinated through an Executive Steering worst-case assumptions may exceed the actual risk of

Committee consisting of representatives from USDA, pesticide residues in the food supply and jeopardize the

EPA, and FDA. The USDA representatives to the registration of pesticides important to American

committee include: Agricultural Marketing Service agriculture. Where needed, EPA conducts further

(AMS), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), refinements to the risk assessment by using additional

ERS, and the Agricultural Research Service (ARS). The information that includes residue monitoring data, if

last Executive Steering Committee meeting was held in available and reliable. This is where PDP data are

February 1997. PDP's day-to-day administrative, pivotal. The data, which are collected as close to the

sampling, technical, and database activities are the point of consumption as possible, are based on

responsibility of the AMS Science and Technology statistically reliable sampling protocols, thereby

program. upgrading their usefulness for risk assessment. 

 

PDP sampling and analysis operations from January The number of samples to be collected is apportioned

through September 1996 were managed through AMS- according to State population and the samples are

issued cooperative agreements. PDP did not collect randomly chosen without regard for commodity origin or

samples from September through November 1996, variety. Samples reflect what is typically available to the

because of funding uncertainties. Program functions in consumer throughout the year. PDP's sampling protocol

fiscal year 1997 were funded through EPA contractual takes into account the different volumes of produce

arrangements, except for North Carolina which withdrew distributed annually from each sampling site, thus

from the program in October. The sampling hiatus removing a potential source of bias in estimating residue

impacted PDP’s ability to make a 1996 national estimate exposure from PDP-selected commodities. 

regarding residue occurrences for highly seasonal
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996 

xi

Samples from 14 different commodities were collected by All 9,217 pesticide residue detections, except 9, were

PDP in 1996. The eight fresh fruit and vegetable below tolerance levels established by EPA. The limits of

commodities collected were apples, carrots, grapes, detection for each pesticide/commodity pair in the testing

oranges, peaches, spinach, sweet potatoes, and tomatoes. system for PDP are analytically defined at levels low

PDP also collected samples from four processed fruit and enough to conduct realistic dietary risk assessments. This

vegetables, including apple juice (both ready to serve and enables scientists using PDP data to take into account

concentrated), canned and frozen green beans, sweet corn, nondetected findings for each pesticide/commodity

and sweet peas. The remaining samples collected were combination when performing assessments. 

from wheat and whole milk. 

PDP continuously strives to improve methodologies for

PDP collected and analyzed a total of 5,771 samples in the collection, testing, and reporting of data. PDP data

1996. Samples collected originated from 35 States and 10 are available to EPA and other Federal and State agencies

foreign countries. Of the 4,856 fruit and vegetable charged with regulating and setting policies on the use of

samples collected and analyzed, 593 (12.2%) were pesticides.

imported. Grapes and peaches accounted for most of the

imports. In addition, 575 whole milk and 340 wheat

samples were collected.

Overall, 71.8 percent of the 4,856 fruit and vegetable

samples analyzed by the PDP participating laboratories

contained at least 1 pesticide residue. In breaking down

fruit and vegetable samples analyzed into fresh and

processed, 83 percent of the fresh produce and 39 percent

of the processed products contained at least 1 pesticide

residue per sample. Also, 18 percent of the 575 whole

milk samples and 91 percent of the 340 wheat samples had

at least 1 pesticide residue. About 21 percent of the

residue detections were due to post-harvest uses. 

In 1996 there were 243 presumptive violations in 198

samples (196 fruit and vegetables, 1 wheat, and 1 milk).

A tolerance is defined under Section 408 of the Federal

Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as the maximum quantity

of a pesticide residue allowable on a raw agricultural

commodity. A violation occurs when a residue is found

which exceeds the tolerance level or when a residue is

found for which there is no tolerance for that particular

crop. Many presumptive violations, where there is no EPA

tolerance, may be due to spray drift or crop rotations. Nine

presumptive violations were for pesticide residues where

the EPA tolerance was exceeded, and 234 were violations

with no established tolerance for the pesticide/commodity

pair. 

Vinclozolin was detected in 20 percent of canned/frozen

green bean samples tested ranging from 0.005 to 0.14

ppm. A 3 ppm Section 18 Federal Insecticide, Fungicide,

and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) exemption for vinclozolin/

green beans expired on September 30, 1995, and was

reestablished at 2 ppm July 10, 1997. 
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

1

Pesticide Data Program (PDP)

Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

This summary consists of the following sections: (I.) Introduction, (II.) Sampling Protocol, (III.) Laboratory

Operations, and (IV.) Sample Results and Discussion.

I. Introduction

To implement the Pesticide Data Program (PDP), the

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

utilized the expertise available in four of its agencies:

the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), the National

Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), the Economic

Research Service (ERS), and the Agricultural Research

Service (ARS). NASS provides statistically reliable

data on chemical usage at the State level and collects

economic input data that link chemical usage with

economic characteristics. ERS analyzes AMS and

NASS data to understand producer behavior and to

determine the impact various production practices and

policies might have on the Nation's agricultural

production, food supply, and consumers. ARS conducts

nationwide surveys of individual food intake and

household use and is developing a Food Grouping

System to translate data on foods as consumed into

forms that can be linked with pesticide residue data.

AMS selected its Science and Technology program to

oversee PDP’s policy planning and program direction

with the participating State and Federal facilities.

Figure 1, Overview of PDP Management and

Operations, describes the program’s three major

components--sample collection, laboratory analysis, and

database management. In 1996, PDP sampling and/or

analytical operations were performed by 10 States

(California, Colorado, Florida, Michigan, New York,

North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and

Wisconsin) through agreements with their respective

State agencies. 

Figure 2 shows the States participating in the program

for collection of fresh and processed fruit and vegetable

and milk samples, which together represent about 50

percent of the Nation's population. Also shown are nine

other States (Alaska, Connecticut, Hawaii, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Vermont,

and Wyoming) where a significant amount of produce is

directly marketed from the participating States. Figure 3

shows the distribution of commodities by origin,

domestic versus imported. Figure 4 is a map showing the

distribution by State of wheat samples collected in 1996.

AMS works closely with EPA to select the commodities

and pesticides to be placed in PDP. Commodities chosen

for inclusion are those most often consumed by the

American public, with emphasis on those consumed by

infants and children. Fourteen commodities (apples,

apple juice, carrots, grapes, canned/frozen green beans,

milk, oranges, peaches, spinach, canned/frozen sweet

peas, canned/frozen sweet corn, sweet potatoes,

tomatoes, and wheat) were sampled and analyzed during

1996. The pesticides EPA suggests for monitoring

consist mainly of those whose toxicities and estimated

dietary exposures indicate the need for more refined

exposure estimates. The list is revised periodically to

address EPA’s data needs. Table 1 is a list of pesticides

in the 1996 PDP testing profile for fruit and vegetables,

milk, and wheat.

PDP is now a critical component of the Food Quality

Protection Act (FQPA) of 1996, which directs the

Secretary of Agriculture to collect pesticide residue data

in a uniform manner on commodities highly consumed by

infants and children. EPA continues to be an important

recipient of PDP data to implement the provisions of

FQPA. Other government agencies (including the

Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)) and industry have

used PDP data to promote the export of American

commodities in international markets. Customized

queries of USDA’s PDP database were requested from

various sources to support their risk assessment and

pesticide information priorities.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

2

Main Objectives

C Provide the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) with highquality data on residues in food. The data are used for dietary risk

assessments and to address pesticide reregistration and special

reviews.

C Address the recommendations of the National Academy of

Sciences report Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children.

C Support Foreign Agricultural Services’ international marketing of

U.S. commodities.

C Provide data on pesticide residues which may affect good

agricultural practices relating to integrated pest management

objectives.

C Address USDA’s Food Quality Protection Act responsibility.

Participating States - 1996

C California

C Colorado

C Florida

C Michigan

C New York

Sample Collection

C Statistically reliable sampling plan

C Data used to make national inferences

C Collected near consumer level

C Represents about 50% of U.S. population

C Commodities consumed mostly by infants

and children

C Origin of product retained

C Post-harvest fungicides & minor use

registration

C Standard Operating Procedures

Database Management

C Customized query capability

C Electronic transmission of data

C Standardized data summaries

Management and Operations

C Science and Technology

ñ ñ

ñ ñ

C North Carolina

C Ohio

C Texas

C Washington

C Wisconsin

USDA Laboratories - 1996

C AMS Eastern Laboratory, Gastonia, NC

C APHIS, NMRAL, Gulfport, MS

C GIPSA, Kansas City, MO

Laboratory Analysis

C Samples prepared as if for consumption

C State-of-the-art instrumentation used

C Detection at very low levels

C QA based on EPA Good Laboratory

Practices

C Confirmation of detected pesticides

C Multiple residue detection methodology

C Standard Operating Procedures

ñ

ñ

C EPA

C FDA

Executive Steering Committee

C USDA

-AMS

-NASS

-ERS

-ARS

ñ

ñ

Figure 1. Overview of PDP Management and Operations
Hawaii

Figure 2. Participating States and Their Geographical Distribution Areas

Wyoming

New 

Mexico

Alaska

Michigan

Massachusetts

Vermont

Connecticut

New Jersey

Florida

Nevada

States Where Produce is Directly

Participating States

Marketed from Participating States

Wisconsin (Milk Only)

Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

3

PDP has also provided information to the Codex and Federal enforcement programs. There are about 900

Alimentarius Commission and the World Health sampling sites granting access and providing information

Organization, both of which operate under the auspices to sample collectors. Their cooperation makes it possible

of the United Nations. The information provided was on to adjust sampling protocols in response to fluctuations

extraneous residues in foods (environmental in food distribution. 

contaminants such as DDT and metabolites), pesticide

residue stability data, and PDP’s Proficiency Check PDP differs markedly from regulatory monitoring

Sample Program. programs (tolerance enforcement) which require quick

To obtain pesticide residue data on fruit and vegetable Under tolerance enforcement, the sampled commodity

commodities as close to the point of consumption as may be detained at the distribution facility while awaiting

possible, samples are collected at distribution points just sample results. PDP places emphasis on searching for

before release to supermarkets and grocery stores. residues at the lowest detectable levels, rather than on

Sampling at these locations allows for residue quick sample turnaround; therefore, analysis of PDP

measurements that include fungicides and growth samples may take more than a month, and does not affect

regulators, and takes into account degradation of commodity distribution. Appendix A is a chronological

pesticides while in storage. Participation as a PDP history of the 28 commodities in PDP from program

sampling site is voluntary, which sets it apart from State inception through 1997.

turnaround time for analysis of enforcement samples.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

4

Table 1. Pesticides in Pesticide Data Program, 1996

PART IA. Fresh and Processed Fruits and Vegetables (F&V)

(Quality Assurance Program)

51 Pesticides +26 Metabolites/Degradates/Isomers

Acephate Fenvalerate

Aldicarb Imazalil

 Aldicarb sulfoxide Iprodione

 Aldicarb sulfone Lindane (BHC gamma)

Atrazine Malathion

Azinphos methyl Methamidophos

Benomyl (analyzed as carbendazim) Methidathion

Captan Methomyl

Carbaryl Methoxychlor

Carbofuran Mevinphos

 3-Hydroxycarbofuran Myclobutanil

Chlorothalonil Naled (analyzed as dichlorvos)

Chlorpropham Omethoate

Chlorpyrifos Oxamyl

DCPA Parathion

DDT Parathion methyl

 DDD Permethrin (cis/trans)

 DDE Phorate 

Diazinon Phorate sulfoxide 

Dichlorvos (DDVP) Phorate sulfone

Dicloran Phorate O-analog 

Dicofol (analyzed as dichlorobenzophenone p,p’) Phorate O-analog sulfone

Dimethoate Phosphamidon

Diphenylamine Propargite

Disulfoton Quintozene (PCNB)

 Disulfoton sulfone Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)

Endosulfans Pentachloroaniline (PCA)

 Endosulfan I Pentachlorobenzene (PCB)

 Endosulfan II Terbufos 

 Endosulfan sulfate Terbufos sulfone

Esfenvalerate Terbufos O-analog sulfone

Ethion Thiabendazole

Fenamiphos Thiodicarb (analyzed as methomyl)

 Fenamiphos sulfoxide Trifluralin

 Fenamiphos sulfone Vinclozolin

Fenbutatin oxide (hexakis) + 2 metabolites

(No Commodity/Pesticide Pair Requirement in 1996)

3 Pesticides +1 Metabolite/Degradate / Isomer

2,4-D

Abamectin (avermectin b1a & delta 8,9 isomer)

Formetanate
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

5

PART IB. Other Pesticides/Metabolites Analyzed in F&V

(Capability from 1991-1996)

37 Pesticides + 10 Metabolites/Degradates/IIsomers

Allethrin Heptachlor

Anilazine Heptachlor epoxide

Azinphos ethyl Linuron

Benfluralin MCPA (m-chlorophenoxyacetic acid)

BHC alpha Metalaxyl

BHC beta Methiocarb (analyzed as sulfoxide)

BHC delta 1-Napthol (carbaryl metabolite)

Carbophenothion Ovex

Chlordanes Oxydemeton methyl sulfone metabolite

 Oxychlordane Oxyfluorfen

Chlorfenvinphos (E/Z) o-Phenylphenol

Chlorpyrifos methyl Phosalone

Cyfluthrin Phosmet

Cyhalothrin lambda + isomer Piperonyl butoxide

Cypermethrins Simazine

Demeton-S Sulprofos

 Demeton-S sulfone Tecnazine

Dieldrin Tetrachlorvinphos

Diuron Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPA) (captan met.)

Ethalfluralin Toxaphene

Ethoprop Triadimefon

Fenthion

 4-Hydroxydiphenylamine metabolite 

 

PART II. Wheat

(Quality Assurance Program)

Analyzed by Multiresidue Methods (MRMs)

30 Pesticides + 6 Metabolites/Degradates/Isomers

Aldicarb 

 Aldicarb sulfone Imazalil

Atrazine Linuron

Azinphos methyl Malathion

Carbaryl Methiocarb (analyzed as sulfoxide)

Carbofuran Methomyl

 3 -Hydroxycarbofuran Methoxychlor p,p’

Chlorpyrifos Naled (analyzed as dichlorvos)

Chlorpyrifos methyl Omethoate

Demeton-S Oxamyl

Diazinon Parathion

Dichlorvos (DDVP) Parathion methyl

Diclofop methyl Phorate

Dimethoate Phorate sulfone

Disulfoton Thiabendazole

 Disulfoton sulfone Thiodicarb (analyzed as methomyl)

Endosulfans Triallate

 Endosulfan I Trifluralin

 Endosulfan II 

 Endosulfan sulfate
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

6

PART IIIA. Milk

(Quality Assurance Program)

48 Compounds of Primary Concern + 23 Metabolites/Degradates/Isomers

2,4-D Endosulfans

Abamectin (avermectin b1a and delta 8,9 isomer) Endosulfan I

Acephate Endosulfan II

Aldicarb Endosulfan sulfate

 Aldicarb sulfoxide Esfenvalerate 

 Aldicarb sulfone Ethalfluralin

Atrazine Fenamiphos 

Azinphos methyl Fenamiphos sulfoxide 

BHC alpha Fenamiphos sulfone

BHC beta Fenthion

BHC delta Fenvalerate

Benomyl (analyzed as carbendazim) Heptachlor 

Carbaryl Heptachlor epoxide

Carbofuran Iprodione

 3-Hydroxycarbofuran Ivermectin

Carbophenothion Lindane (BHC gamma)

Chlordanes (metabolize to oxychlordane) Malathion

 Oxychlordane Methidathion

Chlorfenvinphos (alpha/beta) Naled (analyzed as dichlorvos)

Chlorpropham Omethoate

Chlorpyrifos Oxyfluorfen

Chlorpyrifos methyl Permethrin (cis/trans)

DDT Phorate 

 DDD Phorate sulfoxide 

 DDE Phorate sulfone

Dichlorvos (DDVP) Propargite

Dieldrin Quintozene (PCNB)

Dimethoate Simazine

Diphenylamine Sulprofos

 4-Hydroxydiphenylamine metabolite Tetrachlorvinphos

Doramectin Thiabendazole

Disulfoton 5-Hydroxythiabendazole sulfate

 Disulfoton sulfone

PART IIIB. Milk

Other Pesticides/Metabolites Analyzed in Milk

40 Pesticides + 9 Metabolites/Degradates/Isomers

2,4-DB Linuron Phosalone

Aldrin (analyzed as dieldrin) MCPA (m-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) Phosmet

Captan Metalaxyl Phosphamidon

Chlorothalonil Methamidophos Picloram 

Cyfluthrin Methiocarb (analyzed as sulfoxide) Piperonyl butoxide

Cypermethrins Methomyl Quintozene impurities or metabolites

DCPA Methoxychlor p,p’ Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)

Dalapon Mevinphos (E/Z) Pentachloroaniline (PCA) 

 Demeton-S sulfone (metabolite) Myclobutanil Pentachlorobenzene (PCB)

Diazinon Oxamyl Tecnazine

Dicamba Oxydemeton methyl sulfone Terbufos

Dicloran metabolite Terbufos sulfone

Dicofol (analyzed as Parathion Triclopyr

 dichlorobenzophenone p,p’) Parathion methyl Trifluralin

Diuron Pentachlorophenolo-Phenylphenol Vinclozolin

Ethion Phorate O-analog 

Imazalil Phorate O-analog sulfone
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

7

II. Sampling Protocol

Fruit and Vegetables Sampling Plan

PDP’s statistically reliable sampling protocol for fresh

and processed fruit and vegetables allows for making

nearly unbiased estimates of pesticide residues for

commodities collected in the participating States and

makes it possible to quantify the accuracy of the

estimates for the Nation as a whole. The protocol also

reflects the relative proportion of imported versus

domestic produce available to the consumer. This has

been corroborated by comparing the composition of PDP

samples with import data compiled by the Economic

Analysis Branch, AMS Fruit and Vegetable Division.

 Sampling Procedures 

Participating States are responsible for compiling and

maintaining lists of sites used for sample collection.

Since PDP strives to collect samples as close to the

consumer as possible, while maintaining sample origin,

most of the sites for fresh fruit and vegetables are either

terminal markets or large chain store distribution centers.

Both of these locations serve as the last stopover before

produce reaches retailers and, ultimately, consumers.

This provides a better picture of actual dietary exposure

to pesticide residues by taking into account pesticide

degradation that occurs during transit and storage.

Sampling at these locations also provides information on

post-harvest application of fungicides and growth

regulators.

Processed commodity samples are collected at

distribution centers or large warehouses. To provide PDP

with data on both canned and frozen sweet corn and peas,

collection of the two types of processed commodity was

alternated monthly. Apple juice was collected on an

alternate basis--2 months liquid and 1 month frozen.

 

After establishing their site lists, States are required to

provide AMS and NASS with annual volume information

for each site (quantity of commodity distributed in 1

year). This information is used to “weight” the site to

determine the probability for selection. For example, a

site that distributes 100,000 pounds of produce annually

might be given a weight of “10,” and a site that

distributes 10,000 pounds might be weighted “1.” The

probability-proportionate-to-size method of site selection

would then result in the larger site (distributing 100,000

pounds) being 10 times more likely to be selected for

sampling than the smaller site (distributing 10,000

pounds). Participating States are required to work with

NASS to develop their statistical procedures for site

weighting and selection. States are also given the option

of having NASS perform their quarterly site selection for

them. The number of sampling sites and the volume of

produce distributed by the sites vary greatly from State to

State. Sample size was approximately 5 pounds for fresh

product, 3 pounds for canned and frozen product, and 1

quart for liquid juice for each applicable testing facility.

State population figures are used to assign the number of

fruit and vegetable samples scheduled for collection per

commodity each month. For 1996, these numbers were:

California-14, Colorado-2, Florida-7, Michigan-6, New

York-9, North Carolina-4, Ohio-6, Texas-8, and

Washington-4; for an annual total of 720 samples per

commodity. 

Sampling plans, which were prepared by the States on a

quarterly basis, included sampling dates, sites, and fruit

and vegetable commodities for collection during each

month of the quarter. Although sites could only be

sampled once per month for the same commodity, States

were allowed to collect two different commodities at the

same site on the same date. This “pairing” of

commodities reduced the number of sampling dates and

cost of sample collection. States were also instructed to

collect all samples of the same commodity on one

sampling date, or, if needed, within two consecutive

dates. Collection of commodities was randomly assigned

to various weeks of the month, prior to selecting specific

sampling dates within the week. Since sampling sites

were selected for the entire quarter, States were allowed

to assign the sites to particular months based on

geographic location.

In 1996, seven of the participating States formed

transshipment pools whereby samples of fruit and

vegetable commodities collected by the paired States

were combined into one set for analytical testing in one

State laboratory. This arrangement created larger sample

sets, increased proficiency and productivity, and

substantially reduced the mandatory quality assurance

costs. These paired States are: Colorado, Michigan, and

Washington; Florida and Texas; and North Carolina and

Ohio. 
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

8

Chain-of-custody for PDP samples is documented through

the use of “Sample Information Forms.” These forms are

used by the sample collectors to record all pertinent sample

information, such as: (1) the State where the sample was

collected; (2) the date of collection; (3) the 4-digit code for

the sampling site; and (4) the commodity code. These four

pieces of information are combined to form a unique

“sample identification number” for recording in the PDP

database. Additional information includes: (1) whether the

sample is domestic or imported and, if imported, the

country of origin; (2) the name of the sampling site, grower,

packer, or distributor; and (3) a list of potential or known

post-harvest applications. The Sample Information Forms

are also used to keep track of any missing samples that are

not collected, lost in transit, or damaged and unable to be

analyzed when received at the laboratory.

The participating States have been given Standard

Operating Procedures (SOPs) to provide uniform guidance

for commodity sampling among the States. These SOPs

are updated as needed and serve as a reference in

conducting program sampling reviews.

 Synopsis of Sample Collection (Fruit

and Vegetables) 

A total of 4,856 samples of fresh and processed fruits

and vegetables were collected during 1996. As shown in

Table 2, the number of samples collected per State was:

California - 1,123, Colorado - 163, Florida - 565,

Michigan - 510, New York - 756, North Carolina - 298,

Ohio - 500, Texas - 622, and Washington - 319. No

samples were collected from September 9 through

November 30, 1996, due to funding uncertainty. The

total number of samples collected is less than the

assigned number to be sampled due to the unavailability

of product at either the original or alternate sampling site.

This is often due to the commodity growing season. 

Figure 3 shows the total number of samples per

commodity and the percentage of each that were either

domestic, imported, or of unknown origin.

Table 2. Samples Collected and Analyzed per Commodity by Each Participating State

State AJ AP CR CS GB GR OG PC PS SP SW TO Total MK

California 39 123 125 40 118 116 119 79 82 128 114 40 1123 127

Colorado 7 18 16 6 20 16 18 10 12 18 16 6 163 18

Florida 18 63 54 17 58 59 64 38 40 59 69 26 565 50

Michigan 24 54 48 18 60 54 54 36 36 54 54 18 510 54

New York 27 89 72 27 81 89 80 53 54 80 77 27 756 90

N. Carolina 8 32 36 12 32 32 32 18 24 35 29 8 298 27

Ohio 18 52 54 18 53 54 54 33 36 58 52 18 500 45

Texas 22 63 63 23 70 70 64 45 47 61 70 24 622 53

Washington 16 36 32 12 39 35 34 17 24 32 30 12 319 40

Wisconsin -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 71

Total 179 530 500 173 531 525 519 329 355 525 511 179 4856 575

Total = 5431

Commodities

 

AJ - Apple Juice - L/F (July-Dec) GR - Grapes SP - Spinach

AP - Apples MK - Milk SW - Sweet Potatoes

CR - Carrots (Jan-Sep) OG - Oranges TO - Tomatoes (Jul-Dec)

CS - Sweet Corn - C/F (Jan-Mar) PC - Peaches (Jan-Dec)

GB - Green Beans - C/F PS - Sweet Peas - C/F (Jan-Jun)

No Sample collections September 9 - November 30, 1996

L/F = Liquid / Frozen C/F = Canned / Frozen
60.5% Domestic 39.5% Import

Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

9

Apples

(530 Samples)

Carrots

(500 Samples)

Grapes

(525 Samples)

Oranges

(519 Samples)

Spinach

(525 Samples) Peaches

(329 Samples)

Sweet Potatoes

(511 Samples)

Tomatoes

(179 Samples)

Figure 3. Commodity Origin (Percentage Domestic vs. Imported)

A. Fresh Commodities
91.6% Domestic

8.4% Import

Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

10

Apple Juice

(179 Samples)

Green Beans

(531 Samples)

Sweet Corn

(173 Samples) Sweet Peas

(355 Samples)

B. Processed Commodities*

* For processed commodities, percentages were mainly derived from packer and/or distributor information.

Appendix B provides a more detailed breakdown of a predetermined algorithm of 1 in 16 samples in GIPSA’s

sample origin by State or country. As indicated, samples 13 regional offices. Numbers of samples collected were

collected during 1996 originated from 35 States and 10 based on product availability on a national basis by State

foreign countries. and month, encompassing all 7 varieties of wheat. Figure

Wheat Sampling Program

The Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards

Administration (GIPSA) collected 340 wheat samples in

1996. Samples were collected from available “file”

samples received from grain elevators and other storage

facilities, but excluded wheat already segregated for

export. Sample selection was done randomly based on 

4 is a map of the United States showing the distribution

of wheat samples by State.

A wheat sample required minimum of 500 to 1,000

grams. All wheat samples were forwarded for pesticide

analysis to GIPSA’s Technical Services Division

laboratory in Kansas City, MO. Chain-of-custody

procedures were the same as for fruit and vegetable

samples. 
Figure 4. Distribution of Wheat Samples (340 Samples)

Montana

Colorado

So. Dakota

Nebraska

Washington

Texas

Missouri

States with less than 30 Samples

States with more than 30 Samples

Oregon

Idaho

Utah

California

New York

Virginia

Georgia

Tennessee

Alaska

Oklahoma Arkansas

Kentucky

Iowa

Illinois

Wisconsin

6

So. Carolina

5

19

1

8

4

3

2

6

3 22

13

5

8

6

4

8

8

10

9

3

9 5

Indiana

2

Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

11

 

Milk Sampling Program

Sampling of whole milk was based on consumption in the

10 participating States. These states represented 56

percent of the national milk production and 47 percent of

the fluid milk (i.e., whole, 2%, 1%, and skim) available

on the U.S. market in 1994/1995. Milk samples have a

relatively short production/distribution life, spanning

about 2-3 weeks from the manufacturer to the consumer.

Consequently, the product is not warehoused but

distributed directly to supermarkets. PDP sampling was

therefore directed at the 200 fluid milk plants and at

approved supermarket surrogates which marketed the

plants’ product directly.

Sampling was apportioned by relative State share of the

national production and the fraction of total milk

(expressed as a decimal) processed as liquid product to

yield a maximum of 63 samples/month as follows--

California 16.3%- 0.27, Colorado 1.0%-0.45, Florida

1.7%-0.81, Michigan 3.6%-0.50, New York 7.4%-0.42,

North Carolina 1.0%-0.78, Ohio 3.40%-0.50, Texas

4.0%-0.48, Washington 3.4%-0.33, and Wisconsin

14.6%-0.17. As a result, monthly sampling quotas using

a minimum of 2 samples were as follows: California-14,

Colorado-2, Florida-5, Michigan-6, New York-10, North

Carolina-3, Ohio-5, Texas-6, Washington-4, and

Wisconsin-8. 

All 575 samples collected originated in the participating

States except for 1 sample each from New Jersey and

Massachusetts. A list of sample collections by State is

found in Table 2 and distribution by origin in Appendix

B. If the fluid milk production for the given site
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

12

exceeded 1 divided by the State’s sample quota, 2. APHIS, NMRAL, Gulfport, MS, and the Washington

allowance was made for the possible collection of a State Laboratory, Yakima, WA

second sample for the month. 

Three State laboratories--California, New York and metabolites

Florida--were designated to receive and analyze milk Commodities: Apples (Jan-Jun), Grapes (Jan-Jun),

samples. The AMS Eastern Laboratory provided Oranges (Jan-Jun), and Peaches (Jan-Sep)

services for specific residue analyses for abamectin,

benomyl, and thiabendazole. The California laboratory 3. AMS Eastern Laboratory, Gastonia, NC

serviced California and Colorado; the Florida-Winter

Haven laboratory received samples from Florida, Pesticide: Abamectin

Michigan, North Carolina, Texas, and Washington; and Pesticide: Benomyl

the New York laboratory received samples from New Pesticide: Thiabendazole and 5-

York, Ohio, and Wisconsin. hydroxythiabendazole sulfate

III. Laboratory Operations

Twelve laboratories (nine State and three Federal)

performed analyses for PDP during 1996. These

laboratories are equipped with advanced technical

instrumentation capable of detecting residues at very low

levels. The laboratory staff receives intensive training

and must demonstrate analytical proficiency on an

ongoing basis. Scientists continuously test new

technologies and develop new techniques to improve the

levels of detection. Major changes in methodology are

evaluated, and their soundness demonstrated and

documented in accordance with PDP SOPs.

PDP participating laboratories analyzing fruits and

vegetables monitored 49 pesticides plus 24 metabolites,

degradates, and isomers using multiresidue methods

(MRMs) and 2 pesticides plus 2 metabolites by single or

selective residue methods (SRMs). PDP participating

laboratories analyzing milk monitored 42 pesticides plus

17 metabolites, degradates, and isomers using

multiresidue methods (MRMs) and 6 pesticides plus 6

metabolites by single or selective residue methods

(SRMs). Since SRMs are resource intensive, this type of

analysis was performed only at selected laboratories for

specific commodities as indicated below: 

Laboratories Performing SRMs

1. APHIS, NMRAL, Gulfport, MS

Pesticide: Benomyl

Commodities: Apple Juice (Jul-Dec), Peaches, 

Spinach, Sweet Corn (Jan-Mar), 

Sweet Potatoes, and Tomatoes (Jul-Dec)

Pesticide: Fenbutatin Oxide (Hexakis) and 

Commodity: Milk (Jan.-Sept.)

 

4. Selected State Laboratories

 

Pesticide: 2,4-D

Commodity: Milk

 

 Quality Assurance Program

 

The main objectives of the quality assurance/quality

control (QA/QC) program are to ensure the reliability of

PDP data and the performance equivalency of the

participating laboratories. Direction for PDP's QA

program is provided through SOPs based on EPA's Good

Laboratory Practices (GLPs). For day-to-day quality

assurance oversight, PDP relies on the Quality Assurance

Unit (QAU) at each participating facility. As required

under EPA’s GLPs, the QAU operates independently

from their laboratory staff. Preliminary QA/QC review

procedures are performed on-site by each laboratory's

QAU. Final review procedures are performed by PDP

staff, who are responsible for collating and reviewing

data for conformance with SOPs. Additionally, PDP

staff also monitor the participants' performance through

proficiency samples, QAU quarterly internal reviews, and

on-site visits. Additional information on PDP's QA

program is provided in Appendix C.

 

 Sample Preparation

 

Laboratories are permitted to refrigerate fresh incoming

fruit and vegetable samples of the same commodity for

up to 72 hours and milk samples up to 240 hours, to

allow for different sample arrival times from the

collection sites. Frozen and canned commodities can be

held in storage (freezer or shelf) until the entire sample

set is ready to be homogenized. 
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

13

Upon arrival at the testing facility, samples are visually necessary due to the complexity of commodity matrices

examined for acceptability and discarded if determined and the low concentration levels of detected residues.

to be inedible (decayed, extensively bruised, spoiled). The confirmatory analysis provides an extra measure of

Accepted samples are then prepared emulating the confidence in the identification of both the pesticide

practices of the average consumer, to more closely residue and its concentration. 

represent actual exposure to residues. Fresh samples are

prepared as follows: (1) apples and peaches are washed Analysis of wheat samples was performed by the GIPSA

and cored; (2) oranges are peeled; (3) carrots and sweet laboratory for 30 pesticides and 6 metabolites/isomers in

potatoes are washed; (4) grapes, spinach, and tomatoes PDP. Extraction was accomplished using supercritical

are washed with inedibles removed; (5) fresh and fluid extraction (a solventless system) coupled with mass

reconstituted apple juice and milk are mixed until spectrometry detection or post-column high-performance

homogeneous; (6) apple juice frozen concentrate is liquid chromatography detection.

diluted according to label directions and mixed until

homogeneous; and (7) wheat is ground and then

analyzed. For canned and frozen fruit and vegetable

commodities, the entire contents of the sample is

homogenized--including any liquid present.

Samples, except apple juice and milk, are homogenized

using choppers and/or blenders and separated into

analytical portions (aliquots) for analysis. If testing

cannot be performed immediately, the entire analytical

set (sample set plus all quality control samples) is frozen

at -40E C, or lower, according to PDP's QA/QC

requirements. Surplus aliquots, not used for the initial

testing, are retained frozen in the event that replication

of analysis or verification testing is needed.

 Sample Analysis

For analysis of fruit and vegetables, variations of the

Luke I and II extraction procedures developed by FDA

were used by Florida, Michigan, New York, North

Carolina, Ohio, and Texas. California and Washington

used the multiresidue method developed by the

California Department of Food and Agriculture. These

two methods were determined to produce equivalent

data for PDP analytical purposes. Residues are

extracted from samples using organic solvents followed

by various cleanup procedures. Selective residue

methods, when employed for 2,4-D, abamectin,

benomyl, fenbutatin oxide (hexakis), and thiabendazole,

were independently validated by the laboratory(ies)

performing analysis. 

Various types of chromatography are used for the initial

identification and quantitation of pesticides.

Confirmation is accomplished by mass spectrometry or

by alternate detection systems, depending on the

concentration reported. Limits of detection for various

selective detectors are lower than those achieved by

mass spectrometry detectors. Confirmation is deemed

 

IV. Sample Results and Discussion

 

 Sample Results

For 1996, most pesticide residue detections were below

tolerance levels established by EPA. A tolerance is the

maximum allowable quantity of a pesticide residue for a

particular commodity. In PDP, the limits of detection for

each pesticide/commodity pair in the testing system are

analytically defined at levels low enough to conduct

realistic dietary risk assessments. This enables scientists

using PDP data to take into account non-detected residue

findings for each pesticide/commodity combination when

performing risk assessments. This is illustrated in

Appendices D, E, F, G, and H.

Appendix D shows the distribution for detected and

nondetected residues in fruits and vegetables for each

pesticide by commodity. Shown in Appendix D are:

percent of samples with residue detections and any noted

violations by pesticide/commodity combination,

agricultural use, minimum and maximum concentrations

detected, and tolerances. Appendixes E and F depict

similar pesticide information for the wheat and milk

samples. Tables 3A and 3B represent summaries of

pesticide residue detections by commodity class and

specific commodities tested, including and excluding

information on post-harvest residue findings.

Appendix G focuses on the 59 pesticide/commodity pairs

with detectable residues in at least 10 percent of the

samples tested. A range of values for the sample mean

(average) residue concentration for each pair is provided.

The lower value for the range was determined by treating

a sample without detectable residues as if it had a residue

concentration equal to zero. The upper value for the

range was determined by treating such a sample as if it

had a residue concentration equal to the limit of detection.
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

14

Appendix G also provides calculations for the 50th, form and the range of values for the sample mean. These

75th, and 90th percentiles for each of the pairs. The pesticide/commodity pairs are azinphos methyl/apples,

ratio of the 90th percentile to the tolerance, as a acephate and its methamidophos metabolite/green beans

normalization factor, is also shown. This demonstrates (canned/frozen), imazalil/oranges, DDE and

that, in most cases, the levels of detected residues are a permethrins/spinach, dicloran/sweet potatoes, and

small fraction of the tolerances for the listed chlorpyrifos methyl/wheat. These graphs visually

pesticide/commodity pairs. Also, the residue detection demonstrate that the overwhelming majority of pesticide

percentiles for the three processed commodities--apple testing results and the respective means (average values)

juice, green beans, and sweet peas-- in Appendix G were are at low concentrations. 

weighted to reflect availability of product type

(utilization) in 1996, canned, liquid, and frozen versus

monthly sample collection for each product type. 

 

The 1996 pesticide residue data will permit the first

comparison between a processed and fresh product,

specifically green beans, representing different

agricultural commodities. The following differences are

noted. For canned/frozen green beans, endosulfans were

detected in only 4 samples (less than 1%) and for

chlorothalonil there were no detections. Residue data in

the 1992-95 Summaries show endosulfans detected in

24 to 40 percent of the samples and chlorothalonil in at

least 7 percent of the fresh green bean samples. From

1992 through 1995, acephate and its methamidophos

metabolite were consistently detected in approximately

20-25 percent of the samples, compared to one-third of

processed green bean samples in 1996. Carbaryl

occurred in less than 5 percent of the 1992-95 fresh

green bean samples tested, and in 1996 it was found in

more than 10 percent of the frozen green bean samples.

Parathion methyl was detected in approximately 6

percent of the frozen green bean samples, compared to

2 samples with parathion methyl in 2,274 samples of

fresh green beans tested over 4 years. 

 

 National Estimates

From September through November 1996, PDP

sampling was discontinued, because of funding

uncertainties. This hiatus impacted the ability to

calculate a 1996 national estimate for highly seasonal

commodities, such as grapes, peaches, and wheat. For

other commodities, where seasonal adjustments are less

significant, percentiles depicted in Appendix G

approximate national estimates. This will have minimal

impact on dietary risk assessment evaluations, since the

affected commodities were in the testing systems for at

least 2 years. 

Appendix H displays the estimated distributions of eight

representative pesticide/commodity pairs in graphical

 Post-harvest Applications

Before PDP began collecting data, most available

information on pesticide use in the United States was

limited to pesticides applied to sustain agricultural

production (pre-harvest applications). Little was known

about pesticides applied to preserve the fruit and

vegetable products after harvest (post-harvest

applications). PDP’s database has since become one of

the most comprehensive sources of post-harvest pesticide

use patterns, because samples are collected at points

where such uses have already taken place. Most postharvest applications are confined to fungicides (to control

mold and fungus) and growth regulators (to prevent

sprouting). PDP compounds with mostly post-harvest

applications are the fungicides diphenylamine, ophenylphenol, and thiabendazole. Other compounds with

post-harvest uses on selected commodities are the

fungicides dicloran (carrots and peaches) and imazalil

(citrus). Consequently, residues from these pesticides

can be assumed to result from post-harvest applications.

To illustrate the impact of post-harvest uses, detections

including and excluding residues of these compounds are

listed in Tables 3A and 3B, respectively. Significant

differences in the number of residue detections as a result

of post-harvest uses are in apples, apple juice, oranges,

and peaches. As these tables indicate, these five

fungicides accounted for 1,779 detections (21% of the

number of residue detections in fruit and vegetables).

Thiabendazole was the most frequently found pesticide,

primarily occurring in fruit with 671 detections (8% of

total residues). Wheat data presented in Appendix E

indicates that the most frequently found pesticides were

chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos methyl, and malathion. These

three pesticides with pre- and post-harvest uses

accounted for 537 (90%) of the 593 residue detections in

the 340 wheat samples tested. 

 
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

15

Table 3A. Number of Samples and Residues Detected, by Commodity

(Includes Post-Harvest Applications)

 

Total Samples % of Samples Different Total

Samples with Residues with Residues Residues Residue

Analyzed Detected Detected Detected Detections

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

 Apples 530 521 98 39 1,958 

 Carrots 500 388 78 17 822

 Grapes 525 420 80 29 1,070

 Oranges 519 438 84 19 791

 Peaches 329 316 96 27 1,038

 Spinach 525 464 88 39 1,135

 Sweet Potatoes 511 343 67 20 495

 Tomatoes 179 115 64 23 269

TOTAL 3,618 3,005 83 66 7,578

 

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

 

 Apple Juice 179 119 66 14 212

 Green Beans 531 286 54 24 623

 Sweet Corn 173 0 0 0 0

 Sweet Peas 355 75 21 13 106

TOTAL 1,238 480 39 35 941

Fruit and Vegetables:

 Number of Samples Analyzed = 4,856

 Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 3,485

 Percent with Residue Detections = 71.8%

 Total Number of Different Residues = 67

 Total Number of Residue Detections = 8,519

Grain:*

 Wheat 340 309 91 16 593

 

 Dairy:

 Milk 575 105 18 4 105

All Commodities:

 Number of Samples Analyzed = 5,771

 Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 3,899

 Percent with Residue Detections = 67.6%

 Total Number of Different Residues = 72

 Total Number of Residue Detections = 9,217

* Includes pre- and post-harvest uses for chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos methyl and malathion
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

16

Table 3B. Number of Samples and Residues Detected, by Commodity

 (Excludes Post-harvest Applications)*

Total Samples % of Samples Different Total

Samples with Residues with Residues Residues Residue

Analyzed Detected Detected Detected Detections

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

 Apples 530 467 88 35 1,028

 Carrots 500 388 78 17 821

 Grapes 525 420 80 29 1,070

 Oranges 519 158 30 15 195

 Peaches 329 315 96 24 923

 Spinach 525 464 88 38 1,132

 Sweet Potatoes 511 341 67 17 488

 Tomatoes 179 109 61 22 252

TOTAL 3,618 2,662 74 62 5,909

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

 Apples Juice 179 86 48 11 120

 Green Beans 531 286 54 23 614

 Sweet Corn 173 0 0 0 0

 Sweet Peas 355 66 19 12 97

TOTAL 1,238 438 35 32 831

Fruit and Vegetables:

 Number of Samples Analyzed = 4,856

 Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 3,100

 Percent with Residue Detections = 63.8%

 Total Number of Different Residues = 63

 Total Number of Residue Detections = 6,740

* Dicloran (carrots and peaches), Diphenylamine, 4-Hydroxydiphenylamine, Imazalil (citrus), oPhenylphenol, and Thiabendazole

 

 

 Environmental Contaminants

DDT, DDD, and DDE

A total of 4,831 fruit and vegetable samples were screened

for DDE, a metabolite of DDT. Use of DDT has been

prohibited in the United States since 1972. However, due

to the persistence of this chemical in the environment,

residues of the DDE metabolite were detected in

approximately 11 percent of all samples tested. In some

samples, the parent DDT and the DDD metabolite were

also reported. Residues were found primarily in carrots

(43.0%) and spinach (58.2%). DDE in milk was detected

in 17.4 percent of the 570 milk samples tested. No

samples had residues above the allowable levels

established by FDA. DDE was not in the testing profile

for wheat.

 Single/Selective Residue Analyses

2,4-D and 2,4-DB

A total of 570 milk samples were tested for 2,4-D and 202

samples for 2,4-DB with no residues detected. 
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

17

BENOMYL a growing season, spray drift, or persistent environmental

A total of 1,851 samples of apple juice, peaches, spinach, residues. The multiple residue information is particularly

sweet corn, sweet potatoes, and tomatoes were tested for useful in responding to the 1993 National Academy of

benomyl, as the carbendazim metabolite. Carbendazim Sciences report, Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and

residues were detected in 4.8 percent of the fruit and Children, which recommended that coordinated recording

vegetable samples tested. These residues were found of multiple residue scans would make possible more

primarily in peaches (23.1%), with scattered detections accurate evaluation of exposure distributions for multiple

in apple juice, spinach, and tomatoes. All detections were chemicals.

at levels below the established tolerances. There were no

benomyl residue detections in the 501 milk samples tested. This became a key concept in the Food Quality Protection

FENBUTATIN OXIDE (HEXAKIS) PDP’s database is included as Appendix I. These data

A total of 1,270 samples of apples, grapes, oranges, and indicate that approximately 45 percent of the samples

peaches were tested for fenbutatin oxide, and its tested contained more than one residue. Any exposure

metabolites, SD 31723 and/or 33608. Residues were assessment of individual or multiple residues depends on

detected in 5 percent of the samples tested. None were the actual levels of the residues detected. PDP’s 1996 data

above EPA established tolerances. show that the total pesticide level in a sample is

 Non-detected Residues

Non-detected residues could happen because a pesticide

was not applied, because it dissipates rapidly, or for

various other reasons. Approximately 28 percent of the

fruit and vegetable samples analyzed had no detectable

pesticide residues (see Table 1 for list of pesticides in the

testing system). If post-harvest pesticide detections are

excluded, the percentage of samples with nondetected

residues increases to about 36. No pesticide residues were

detected in 9 percent of the wheat and 82 percent of the

milk samples. 

Three pesticides and their metabolites and analogs in the

1996 QA testing profile had no detectable residues in fruit

and vegetables. They were: disulfoton, phorate, and

terbufos. There were only a few approved uses for these

chemicals in the commodities tested. In wheat, a number

of pesticides had no residue detections due to either no

approved uses or possible rapid dissipation in the

environment. Most of the residues anticipated in milk are

based on environmental incidence in dairy cattle and

transfer to milk. Hence, very few pesticide commodity

pairs had any residue detections. There were only 4

different pesticide residues detected in milk out of the 71

required pesticides/metabolites in the testing system. 

 Multiple Residues Detections

The PDP database provides information that can be used

by EPA in evaluating the incidence of multiple residues.

Multiple residues may derive from various sources, such

as applications of more than one pesticide on a crop during

Act of 1996. The distribution of multiple residues in

independent of the number of residues detected.

Furthermore, there is no relationship between the number

of residues and presumptive tolerance violations. 

 Presumptive Tolerance Violations 

A tolerance is defined under Section 408 of the Federal

Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as the maximum quantity

of a pesticide residue allowable on a raw agricultural

commodity. Tolerances are established by EPA for

pesticides used on food crops. A violation occurs when a

residue is found which exceeds the tolerance level or when

a residue is found for which there is no tolerance for that

particular crop. With the exception of meat, poultry, and

egg products, for which USDA is responsible, tolerances

for all other foods are enforced by FDA. When agencies

with regulatory enforcement authority collect samples for

tolerance enforcement purposes, they must adhere to a

quick turnaround time and chain-of-custody protocols

which allow them to detain the sampled lot until results are

available. PDP is not an enforcement program.

Consequently, sample analysis does not have to be

completed quickly (emphasis is placed on searching for

residues at the lowest detectable levels--not on quick

turnaround time) and sample collection does not interfere

with commodity distribution. Therefore, when samples are

reported to have residues, for which there is no tolerance

established or which exceed the tolerance, they are

designated as “presumptive tolerance violations” and

reported as such to FDA regional and headquarters offices.

This is done in accordance with a Memorandum of

Understanding between USDA and FDA for the purpose

of pinpointing areas where closer surveillance may be

needed. FDA enforcement action on PDP samples
Pesticide Data Program - Annual Summary, Calendar Year 1996

18

generally is not a viable option due to the time lag from tolerance violations, although most of these were for

sample collection to data reporting. Presumptive tolerance residues where no tolerance was established. There was

violations for 1996 data are indicated in Appendices D, E, one presumptive violative milk sample and one

and F. Appendix J is a complete compilation of all presumptive wheat sample violation. 

presumptive violations by commodity/pesticide pair.

 Synopsis

In 1996, a total of 4,832 fruit and vegetable samples, 340

wheat samples, and 570 milk samples were analyzed for

multiresidue classes of pesticides, including

organochlorines, organophosphates, organosulfurs,

organonitrogens, and N-methyl carbamates. Analysis

using SRMs was performed for specific commodities only.

Accordingly, 570 samples were tested for 2,4-D; 2,352

samples were tested for benomyl; and 1,270 samples for

fenbutatin oxide. There was a difference of 24 samples

out of the 4,856 samples analyzed which were not tested

for both multiresidue methods and SRMs. Five of these

samples were in milk. Pesticides detected included

insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and growth regulators.

Also detected were DDT and its metabolites, although

their presence is almost certainly due to environmental

contamination, and not the result of prohibited crop

application. Approximately 89 percent of samples tested

were domestic and 11 percent were imported (0.2% were

of unknown origin). Of all fruit and vegetable samples

tested, 196 (4.0%) were reported as presumptive

Vinclozolin was detected in 20 percent of canned/frozen

green bean samples tested ranging from 0.005 to 0.14

ppm. A 3 ppm Section 18 Federal Insecticide, Fungicide,

and Rodenticide Act exemption for vinclozolin/green

beans expired on September 30, 1995, and was

reestablished at 2 ppm July 10, 1997. 

For fruit and vegetables, 72 percent of the samples (83%

fresh and 39% processed) contained at least one residue,

whereas 91 percent of the 340 wheat samples and 18

percent of the milk samples contained at least one residue.

It was also observed that, for certain commodities, postharvest applications contribute significantly to the number

of residues detected. Overall, levels of residues detected

were below tolerances.

For more information on the Pesticide Data Program,

contact William J. Franks, Jr., Deputy Administrator for

Science and Technology at AMS: (202) 720-5231,

facsimile: (202) 720-6496, electronic-mail:

William_J_Franks@usda.gov; or Robert L. Epstein,

Associate Deputy Administrator: (202) 720-2158,

facsimile: (202) 720-1484, and electronic-mail:

Robert_L_Epstein@usda.gov. 

gggggg

 The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex,

religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with

disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact

USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC 20250, or call (800) 245-6340

(voice) or (202) 720-1127 (TDD). USDA is an equal employment opportunity employer. 
Appendix A

Commodity History

(A Chronological Listing)

 Appendix A shows a chronological listing of all commodities sampled since the

inception of the program through December 1997.
Page 1 of 1

APPENDIX A. Commodity History (A Chronological Listing)

Start Date End Date Commodity Type

May 91 Dec 96 Grapes Fresh

May 91 Dec 94 Lettuce Fresh

May 91 Dec 95 Potatoes Fresh

Aug 91 Dec 93 Grapefruit Fresh

Aug 91 Dec 96 Oranges Fresh

Sep 91 Dec 96 Apples Fresh

Sep 91 Sep 95 Bananas Fresh

Feb 92 Mar 94 Celery Fresh

Feb 92 Dec 95 Green Beans Fresh

Feb 92 Sep 96 Peaches Fresh

Oct 92 Dec 94 Broccoli Fresh

Oct 92 Sep 96 Carrots Fresh

Apr 94 Mar 96 Sweet Corn Canned/Frozen

Apr 94 Jun 96 Peas Canned/Frozen

Jan 95 Sep 97 Spinach Fresh

Feb 95 Wheat Grain

Jan 96 Milk Dairy

Jan 96 Green Beans Canned/Frozen

Jan 96 Sweet Potatoes Fresh

Jul 96 Tomatoes Fresh

Jul 96 Apple Juice Processed

Sep 96 Soy Beans Grain

Dec 96 Peaches Canned

Jan 97 Orange Juice Processed

Jan 97 Pears Fresh

Jan 97 Winter Squash Fresh

Apr 97 Winter Squash Frozen

Oct 97 Spinach Canned
Appendix B

Sample Origin by Grower, Packer, or Distributor

Appendix B gives the number of samples per State or country of origin and the

number of samples of unknown origin. Where available, origin of fresh commodities is

determined by grower or packer information. For processed commodities, origin is

determined primarily by packer or distributor.

As shown in Appendix B, samples collected and analyzed during 1996 originated

from 35 States and 10 foreign countries.
APPENDIX B. SAMPLE ORIGIN BY GROWER, PACKER, OR DISTRIBUTOR

(Number of Samples per State/Country)

No. of % of 

Part1. AJ AP CR CS GB GR MK OG PC PS SP SW TO Domestic Total

States = 35 Domestic Samples

Alabama 6 1 7 0.1

Arizona 17 1 7 2 11 38 0.7

Arkansas 1 1 <0.1

California 28 26 363 43 161 200 129 409 180 98 347 165 49 2198 40.5

Colorado 1 17 1 14 4 1 16 1 4 59 1.1

Connecticut 12 12 0.2

Delaware 3 3 0.1

Florida 9 1 28 4 17 51 90 8 11 42 261 4.8

Georgia 1 1 9 3 1 2 1 18 0.3

Idaho 3 4 3 9 21 1 15 56 1

Illinois 7 7 28 18 60 1.1

Kentucky 1 1 <0.1

Louisiana 99 99 1.8

Maine 1 1 4 4 10 0.2

Maryland 1 1 1 1 4 0.1

Massachusetts 3 7 1 8 19 0.3

Michigan 11 44 19 5 14 2 54 4 1 11 30 5 6 206 3.8

Minnesota 2 24 34 42 1 103 1.9

Mississippi 1 3 4 0.1

Missouri 1 1 <0.1

New Jersey 2 1 6 1 8 1 8 2 2 31 0.6

New York 26 44 1 7 37 88 1 21 5 3 233 4.3

North Carolina 2 6 2 3 6 27 1 3 2 180 9 241 4.4

Ohio 5 8 1 2 9 47 1 4 4 2 1 84 1.5

Oklahoma 3 7 19 11 40 0.7

Oregon 8 1 10 33 18 1 1 72 1.3

Pennsylvania 7 3 6 10 1 1 4 11 43 0.8

South Carolina 1 3 2 3 1 4 14 0.3

Tennessee 5 20 11 1 1 7 45 0.8

Texas 12 1 18 9 36 1 52 5 22 27 40 2 225 4.1

Utah 1 1 <0.1

Vermont 4 4 0.1

Virginia 10 1 2 4 2 6 4 29 0.5

Washington 14 347 10 3 7 40 3 6 6 436 8

Wisconsin 18 41 71 40 170 3.1

No. of Domestics 164 502 481 169 525 211 575 512 199 346 498 511 135 4828

% of Total (nearest %) 92 95 96 98 99 40 100 99 60 97 95 100 75 88.9

Page 1 of 2
No. of % of 

Part 2. AJ AP CR CS GB GR MK OG PC PS SP SW TO Import Total

Countries = 10 Imported Samples

Argentina 11 11 0.2

Australia 5 5 0.1

Canada 1 4 10 4 5 6 5 35 0.6

Chile 1 3 279 130 413 7.6

Germany 1 1 <0.1

Italy 1 1 <0.1

Mexico 1 8 24 2 2 22 34 93 1.7

Netherlands 1 1 <0.1

New Zealand 15 15 0.3

South Africa 6 10 16 0.3

Unknown Country 1 1 2 <0.1

No. of Import 15 28 18 4 6 313 0 7 130 9 22 0 41 593

% of Total (nearest %) 8 5 4 2 1 60 0 1 40 3 4 0 23 10.9

No. of % of 

Part 3. AJ AP CR CS GB GR MK OG PC PS SP SW TO Unknown Total

No. of Unknown Origin 1 1 5 3 10

% of Total (nearest %) 0 0 <1 0 0 <1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0.2

GRAND TOTALS = 179 530 500 173 531 525 575 519 329 355 525 511 179 5431

COMMODITIES

AJ = Apple Juice

AP = Apples

CR = Carrots

CS = Sweet Corn

GB = Green Beans

GR = Grapes

MK = Milk

OG =Oranges

PC = Peaches

PS = Sweet Peas

SP = Spinach

SW = Sweet Potatoes

TO = Tomatoes

Page 2 of 2
Appendix C

Quality Assurance Program Elements

PDP’s Quality Assurance (QA) program covers all aspects of data gathering, from

sample collection to data reporting. QA protocols for sampling are designed to protect

sample integrity from the time of collection to the time of delivery to the testing facilities.

QA protocols for testing comprise all laboratory operations from the time of sample receipt

to the time data are reported to PDP’s central database. As described in this appendix,

the QA program has five elements: 1) Standard Operating Procedures; 2) On-site reviews;

3) Proficiency Check Samples; 4) Quality Control Procedures; and 5) Method Performance

and Confirmation Procedures.
APPENDIX C. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. Standard Operating Procedures - Written SOPs are in place to provide uniform administrative, sampling, and

laboratory procedures. SOPs are revised annually to accommodate changes in the program. Before

submission, data are reviewed by each Quality Assurance Unit for completeness and adherence to PDP

requirements.

2. On-site Reviews - On-site reviews are performed to determine compliance with SOPs. Improvements in

sampling, chain of custody, recordkeeping, and laboratory procedures are made as a result of on-site reviews.

3. Proficiency Check Samples - All facilities are required to participate in PDP's Check Sample Program. 

Check samples are issued to laboratories performing analysis with multiresidue methods and/or single/selective

residue methods. Periodically, one to four prepared commodities, containing pesticide(s) of known quantities, are

sent to the participating laboratories and tested under the same conditions as routine samples. The resulting

data are used to determine performance equivalency among the testing laboratories, and to evaluate individual

laboratory performance. During 1996, PDP laboratories received 3 proficiency sample sets consisting of 9 fruit

and vegetable samples for multiresidue screening, 3 sets for single/selective residue screening, a wheat

multiresidue set, and a milk multiresidue set. For fruit and vegetable multiresidue screening, a total of 81

samples covering 8 commodities were fortified with 36 compounds at levels approximately 1-3 times the overall

limit of quantitation (LOQ). Results yield an overall mean Percent Coefficient of Variation (%C.V.) of 22%. Nine

incurred residues were present in these sets at levels generally less than 0.1 ppm, with reported results having an

overall mean C.V. of 26%. For milk multiresidue screening, a total of 9 samples were fortified with 10

compounds, with results yielding an overall mean C.V. of 18%. 

4. Quality Control Procedures - PDP operating procedures for quality control (QC) are intended to assess

method and analyst performance during sample preparation, clean-up, extraction, and, where applicable,

derivatization. To maximize sample output and decrease the QC/sample ratio, samples are analyzed in analytical

sets, which include the sample set and the following components.

a. Reagent Blank: An amount of distilled water, equivalent to the natural moisture content of the

commodity, is run through the entire analytical process to determine glassware cleanliness and system

integrity.

b. Matrix Blank: A previously analyzed sample of the same commodity, which contains either very low

concentrations of known residues or no detectable residues, is divided into two portions. The first portion

is used to give background information on naturally occurring chemicals, and the second one is used to

prepare a matrix spike.

c. Matrix Spike(s): Prior to extraction, a portion(s) of matrix blank is spiked with marker pesticides to

determine the accuracy of the analyst and instrument performance. Marker pesticides are compounds

selected from different pesticide classes (organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates), which have

physical and chemical characteristics similar to those in the class they represent. The use of marker

pesticides to monitor recoveries is a modification of PDP’s previous requirements that called for spiking

with all pesticides. Because of the large number of pesticides in the program, spiking with all compounds

required several spike mixtures (to avert coelution problems), which, in turn, resulted in lengthy run times. 

During 1996, PDP laboratories quantitated a total of 19,557 matrix spikes on samples, with an overall

mean recovery of 95% and overall standard deviation of 19%.

d. Process Control Spike: A compound of physical and chemical characteristics, similar to those of

the pesticides being tested, is used to evaluate the analytical process on a sample-by-sample basis. 

Each of the analytical set components, except the reagent and matrix blanks, is spiked with process

controls. During 1996, PDP laboratories quantitated a total of 28,273 process controls on 5,764

samples, with an overall mean recovery of 97% and overall standard deviation of 18% .

5. Method Performance and Confirmation Procedures - Laboratories are required to determine the limits of

detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) for each commodity/pesticide pair. LODs depend on matrix,

analyte, and detector used, and range from 0.001 to 0.34 ppm. (Information on specific LODs and LOQs is

available upon request.) Confirmation by mass spectrometry, or a suitable alternate detection system, is required

for all initial determinations. If a detected residue exceeds the established tolerance, the sample is reanalyzed in

duplicate from the frozen homogenate, along with the appropriate blanks and a spike of the residue at the

suspected level. 

Page 1 of 1
Appendix D

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Fruit and Vegetables 

Appendix D shows residue detections for all fruit and vegetable pesticide/

commodity pairs tested, including minimum and maximum concentrations reported, Limits

of Detection (LODs), and whether a tolerance is established for each pair. Residue

detections are highlighted in italics.

In 1996, 4,856 samples were analyzed. A total of 196 samples (4.0%) were

reported as presumptive violations. Eight samples (0.2%) contained residues that

exceeded the established EPA tolerance for the pesticide/commodity pair and 188 samples

(3.9%) were reported for which no EPA tolerance was established

Of the presumptive violation samples, domestic commodities accounted for 167

samples; imported commodities accounted for 24 samples, and unknown origin

commodities accounted for 5 samples. (See Appendix J for additional information

concerning presumptive tolerance violations).

In some cases, a tolerance may or may not apply, depending on whether certain

conditions are met. For example, residues of methamidophos in green beans are covered

by a tolerance only if residues of acephate are also present. Of the 171 green bean

samples found to contain residues of methamidophos, 168 were found in combination with

acephate. Only three samples had methamidophos residues where acephate was not

present and were reported as presumptive violations. 
APPENDIX D. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

1 Acephate (insecticide)

Apple Juice (V-1) 177 1 0.6 0.004 0.004 0.002 - 0.008 NT

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.024 NT

Carrots (V-2) 500 2 0.4 0.004 0.010 0.002 - 0.006 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT

Green Beans 531 178 33.5 0.006 1.2 0.002 - 0.006 3

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.024 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.024 NT

Spinach (V-16) 517 16 3.1 0.004 0.12 0.002 - 0.024 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT

Sweet Potatoes (V-2) 507 2 0.4 0.007 0.008 0.002 - 0.005 NT

Tomatoes (V-1) 174 1 0.6 0.007 0.007 0.002 - 0.006 NT

Total 4831 200

2 Aldicarb (insecticide)

Apple Juice 138 0 0.008 - 0.021 NT

Apples 404 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT

Carrots 383 0 0.008 - 0.021 NT

Grapes 396 0 0.008 - 0.021 NT

Green Beans 403 0 0.004 - 0.021 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.008 - 0.036 0.3

Peaches 325 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.008 - 0.036 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Peas 268 0 0.004 - 0.012 NT

Sweet Potatoes 372 0 0.008 - 0.012 0.1

Tomatoes 174 0 0.008 - 0.021 NT

Total 4071 0

Aldicarb sulfoxide

Apple Juice 177 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Apples 530 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.007 - 0.076 NT

Oranges 518 2 0.4 0.017 0.017 0.010 - 0.060 0.3

Peaches 325 0 0.010 - 0.060 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.010 - 0.060 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.010 - 0.027 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.007 - 0.076 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 5 1.0 0.015 0.13 0.010 - 0.076 0.1

Tomatoes 174 0 0.010 - 0.036 NT

Total 4832 7

Aldicarb sulfone

Apple Juice 138 0 0.010 - 0.041 NT

Apples 404 0 0.010 - 0.052 NT

Carrots 383 0 0.010 - 0.041 NT

Grapes 396 0 0.010 - 0.041 NT

Green Beans 403 0 0.007 - 0.041 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.010 - 0.052 0.3

Peaches 325 0 0.010 - 0.052 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.010 - 0.052 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.010 - 0.021 NT

Page 1 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Sweet Peas 268 0 0.007 - 0.021 NT

Sweet Potatoes 372 2 0.5 0.017 0.048 0.010 - 0.021 0.1

Tomatoes 174 0 0.010 - 0.041 NT

Total 4071 2

3 Anilazine (fungicide)

Apples 108 0 0.018 - 0.037 NT

Oranges 106 0 0.018 - 0.037 NT

Peaches 62 0 0.018 - 0.037 NT

Spinach 104 0 0.018 - 0.037 NT

Total 380 0

4 Atrazine (herbicide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.008 - 0.028 NT

Apples 530 0 0.008 - 0.024 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.019 - 0.028 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.019 - 0.028 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.014 - 0.028 NT

Oranges 512 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Spinach (V-2) 517 2 0.4 0.033 0.033 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.028 0.25

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.014 - 0.028 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.018 - 0.028 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.003 - 0.028 NT

Total 4825 2

5 Azinphos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 39 0 0.006 ^ 2

Apples 123 0 0.006 - 0.020 2

Carrots 125 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Grapes 116 0 0.006 - 0.020 5

Green Beans 118 0 0.006 - 0.020 2

Oranges 119 0 0.006 - 0.020 2

Peaches 78 0 0.006 - 0.020 2

Spinach 124 0 0.006 - 0.020 2

Sweet Corn 52 0 0.020 ^ 2

Sweet Peas 106 0 0.020 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 143 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Tomatoes 39 0 0.006 ^ 2

Total 1182 0

6 Azinphos methyl (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 9 5.1 0.010 0.013 0.006 - 0.038 2

Apples 530 289 54.5 0.010 0.44 0.006 - 0.038 2

Carrots 500 0 0.006 - 0.029 NT

Grapes 525 16 3.0 0.010 0.048 0.006 - 0.029 5

Green Beans 531 0 0.006 - 0.029 2

Oranges 518 1 0.2 0.020 0.020 0.006 - 0.038 2

Peaches 324 108 33.3 0.010 0.41 0.006 - 0.032 2

Spinach 517 4 0.8 0.017 0.40 0.006 - 0.038 2

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.006 - 0.030 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.006 - 0.029 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.006 - 0.029 NT

Tomatoes 174 8 4.6 0.010 0.051 0.006 - 0.030 2

Total 4831 435

Page 2 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

7 Benfluralin (herbicide)

Carrots 125 0 0.010 ^

Total 125 0

8 Benomyl - analyzed as carbendazim (fungicide)

Apple Juice 177 6 3.4 0.083 0.18 0.050 ^ 7

Peaches 329 76 23.1 0.083 2.6 0.050 ^ 15

Spinach 507 1 0.2 0.12 0.12 0.050 ^ 0.2

Sweet Corn 170 0 0.050 ^ 0.2

Sweet Potatoes 510 0 0.050 ^ 0.2

Tomatoes 158 6 3.8 0.083 0.17 0.050 ^ 5

Total 1851 89

9 BHCs (insecticide)

BHC, alpha

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Apples 89 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ 0.3

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Oranges 79 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Peaches 52 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Total 858 0

BHC, beta 

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Apples 89 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ 0.3

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Oranges 79 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Peaches 52 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Total 858 0

BHC, delta 

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Apples 89 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ 0.3

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Oranges 79 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Peaches 52 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ 0.05

Total 858 0

Page 3 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

10 Captan (fungicide)

Apple Juice 143 7 4.9 0.010 0.068 0.006 - 0.017 25

Apples 530 81 15.3 0.010 2.2 0.006 - 0.017 25

Carrots 404 0 0.006 - 0.017 2

Grapes 524 218 41.6 0.010 1.0 0.006 - 0.017 50

Green Beans 343 0 0.006 - 0.017 25

Oranges 518 0 0.006 - 0.017 NT

Peaches 324 23 7.1 0.010 1.3 0.006 - 0.017 50

Spinach 511 7 1.4 0.018 0.10 0.006 - 0.014 100

Sweet Corn 137 0 0.006 - 0.008 2

Sweet Peas 283 0 0.006 - 0.016 2

Sweet Potatoes 407 0 0.006 - 0.012 NT

Tomatoes 138 0 0.006 - 0.017 25

Total 4262 336

Tetrahydrophthalimide

Apple Juice 13 13 0.017 0.28 0.010 ^ 25

Grapes 2 2 0.064 0.14 0.010 ^ 50

Peaches 2 2 0.50 0.50 0.30 ^ 50

Total 17 17

11 Carbaryl (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 57 32.2 0.010 0.099 0.006 - 0.025 10

Apples 530 65 12.3 0.010 0.74 0.006 - 0.076 10

Carrots 500 0 0.006 - 0.076 10

Grapes 525 34 6.5 0.010 0.94 0.006 - 0.076 10

Green Beans 531 63 11.9 0.007 0.70 0.004 - 0.076 10

Oranges 518 61 11.8 0.010 0.13 0.006 - 0.025 10

Peaches 325 52 16.0 0.010 1.7 0.006 - 0.025 10

Spinach 517 2 0.4 0.039 0.077 0.006 - 0.025 12

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.006 - 0.020 5

Sweet Peas 355 7 2.0 0.042 0.13 0.004 - 0.076 10

Sweet Potatoes (X-1) 507 1 0.2 0.67 0.67 0.006 - 0.076 0.2

Tomatoes 174 0 0.006 - 0.020 10

Total 4832 342

 1-Napthol

Apple Juice 47 0 0.055 ^ 10

Carrots 96 0 0.055 ^ 10

Grapes 105 0 0.055 ^ 10

Green Beans 119 4 3.4 0.090 0.20 0.034 - 0.055 10

Sweet Corn 36 0 0.055 ^ 5

Sweet Peas 72 0 0.034 - 0.055 10

Sweet Potatoes 100 0 0.055 ^ 0.2

Tomatoes 36 0 0.055 ^ 10

Total 611 4

12 Carbofuran (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.010 - 0.026 NT

Apples 530 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Grapes 524 0 0.010 - 0.076 0.2

Green Beans 531 0 0.006 - 0.076 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.010 - 0.049 2.5

Peaches 325 0 0.010 - 0.049 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.010 - 0.049 NT

Page 4 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.2

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.006 - 0.076 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT

Total 4831 0

3-Hydroxycarbofuran

Apple Juice 177 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Apples 530 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Grapes (X-1) 525 4 0.80 0.024 0.30 0.010 - 0.076 0.2

Green Beans 531 0 0.009 - 0.076 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.010 - 0.070 2.5

Peaches 325 0 0.010 - 0.070 NT

Spinach (V-1) 517 1 0.20 0.033 0.033 0.010 - 0.070 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.2

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.009 - 0.076 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Tomatoes (V-1) 174 1 0.6 0.024 0.024 0.010 - 0.020 NT

Total 4832 6

13 Carbophenothion (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Peaches 52 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ NT

Total 858 0

14 Chlordanes (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Apples 89 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Carrots 72 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Grapes 89 0 0.001 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Oranges 79 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Peaches 52 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Spinach 79 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Tomatoes 27 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 #

Total 858 0

Oxychlordane

Apple Juice 26 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Apples 89 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Carrots 72 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Grapes 89 0 0.002 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Oranges 79 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Page 5 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Peaches 46 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Spinach 70 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Tomatoes 27 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Total 843 0

15 Chlorfenvinphos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Peaches 52 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ NT

Total 858 0

16 Chlorothalonil (fungicide)

Apple Juice 130 0 0.006 - 0.018 NT

Apples (V-4) 530 4 0.8 0.030 0.030 0.004 - 0.018 NT

Carrots 404 0 0.006 - 0.008 1

Grapes (V-1) 420 1 0.2 0.012 0.012 0.006 - 0.008 NT

Green Beans 424 0 0.006 - 0.030 5

Oranges 518 0 0.003 - 0.018 NT

Peaches 324 1 0.3 0.012 0.012 0.003 - 0.008 0.5

Spinach (V-4) 517 4 0.8 0.007 0.88 0.003 - 0.018 NT

Sweet Corn 137 0 0.003 - 0.008 1

Sweet Peas 283 0 0.006 - 0.008 NT

Sweet Potatoes 407 0 0.006 - 0.008 NT

Tomatoes 174 20 11.5 0.005 2.4 0.003 - 0.031 5

Total 4268 30

17 Chlorpropham (herbicide, growth regulator)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT

Apples (V-2) 530 2 0.4 0.013 0.020 0.006 - 0.031 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.006 - 0.020 0.1

Grapes (V-1) 525 1 0.2 0.020 0.020 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.006 - 0.020 0.3

Oranges 518 0 0.006 - 0.031 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.006 - 0.031 NT

Spinach 517 1 0.2 0.014 0.014 0.006 - 0.031 0.3

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.006 - 0.020 0.3

Sweet Potatoes (V-1) 507 1 0.2 0.013 0.013 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.1

Total 4831 5

18 Chlorpyrifos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.011 1.5

Apples 530 140 26.4 0.003 0.23 0.002 - 0.009 1.5

Carrots (V-7) 500 7 1.4 0.005 0.074 0.003 - 0.011 NT

Grapes (V-13) 525 72 13.7 0.005 0.44 0.003 - 0.011 0.5 R

Page 6 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Green Beans 531 0 0.003 - 0.011 0.05

Oranges 518 62 12.0 0.003 0.028 0.002 - 0.009 1

Peaches 324 55 17.0 0.005 0.035 0.003 - 0.009 0.05

Spinach (V-26) 517 26 5.0 0.003 0.030 0.002 - 0.009 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.011 0.1

Sweet Peas 355 1 0.3 0.005 0.005 0.003 - 0.011 0.1

Sweet Potatoes (X-2) 507 53 10.5 0.005 0.086 0.003 - 0.011 0.05

Tomatoes 174 17 9.8 0.005 0.11 0.003 - 0.011 0.5

Total 4831 433

19 Chlorpyrifos methyl (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Peaches 52 0 0.003 ^ NT

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.003 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ NT

Total 858 0

20 Cyfluthrin (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.050 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.050 - 0.060 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.050 ^ 0.2

Grapes 89 0 0.050 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.050 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.050 - 0.060 0.2

Peaches 52 0 0.050 - 0.060 NT

Spinach 79 0 0.050 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.050 - 0.060 0.05

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.050 - 0.060 NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.050 - 0.060 NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.050 ^ 0.2

Total 858 0

21 Cypermethrins (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.025 ^ NT

Apples 197 0 0.025 - 0.050 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.025 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.025 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.025 ^ NT

Oranges 313 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT

Peaches 195 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT

Spinach (V-3) 302 3 1.0 0.033 0.42 0.020 - 0.046 NT

Sweet Corn 85 0 0.020 - 0.050 NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.025 - 0.050 NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.025 - 0.050 NT

Tomatoes 74 0 0.020 - 0.025 NT

Total 1653 3

Page 7 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

22 DCPA (herbicide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.020 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.003 - 0.008 2

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.020 NT

Peaches (V-1) 324 1 0.3 0.013 0.013 0.002 - 0.008 NT

Spinach (V-16) 517 16 3.1 0.005 0.030 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.008 2

Tomatoes 174 0 0.003 - 0.008 1

Total 4831 17

23 DDT (insecticide)

Apple Juice 65 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Apples 320 2 0.6 0.010 0.010 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Carrots 197 18 9.1 0.005 0.026 0.003 - 0.008 3 #

Grapes 205 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.05 #

Green Beans 199 1 0.5 0.010 0.010 0.003 - 0.008 0.2 #

Oranges 432 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Peaches 273 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.2 #

Spinach 425 53 12.5 0.002 0.12 0.001 - 0.008 0.5 #

Sweet Corn 137 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Sweet Peas 196 0 0.006 - 0.008 0.2 #

Sweet Potatoes 272 14 5.1 0.005 0.010 0.003 - 0.008 1.0 #

Tomatoes 113 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.05 #

Total 2834 88

DDD 

Apple Juice 65 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Apples 320 0 0.003 - 0.013 0.1 #

Carrots 197 1 0.5 0.005 0.005 0.003 - 0.008 3 #

Grapes 205 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.05 #

Green Beans 199 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.2 #

Oranges 432 0 0.003 - 0.013 0.1 #

Peaches 273 0 0.003 - 0.013 0.2 #

Spinach 425 1 0.2 0.014 0.014 0.003 - 0.013 0.5 #

Sweet Corn 137 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Sweet Peas 196 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.2 #

Sweet Potatoes 272 0 0.003 - 0.008 1.0 #

Tomatoes 113 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.05 #

Total 2834 2

DDE 

Apple Juice 177 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Apples 530 1 0.2 0.005 0.005 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Carrots 500 215 43.0 0.004 0.37 0.003 - 0.008 3 #

Grapes 525 7 1.3 0.004 0.008 0.003 - 0.008 0.05 #

Green Beans 531 4 0.8 0.005 0.013 0.003 - 0.008 0.2 #

Oranges 518 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Peaches 324 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.2 #

Spinach 517 301 58.2 0.004 0.088 0.003 - 0.008 0.5 #

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 #

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.2 #

Sweet Potatoes 507 24 4.7 0.004 0.032 0.003 - 0.008 1 #

Tomatoes 174 2 1.1 0.014 0.014 0.003 - 0.008 0.05 #

Total 4831 554

Page 8 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

24 Demeton S (insecticide)

Apples 108 0 0.019 - 0.034 NT

Oranges 106 0 0.019 - 0.034 NT

Peaches 62 0 0.019 - 0.034 NT

Spinach 104 0 0.019 - 0.034 NT

Total 380 0

25 Demeton S sulfone (insecticide) 

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Apples 89 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Green Beans (V-11) 81 11 13.6 0.005 0.010 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Oranges 79 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Peaches 52 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Spinach (V-1) 79 1 1.3 0.013 0.013 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.006 ^ NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.006 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Total 858 12

26 Diazinon (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.011 0.5

Apples 530 1 0.2 0.022 0.022 0.002 - 0.014 0.5

Carrots 500 8 1.6 0.003 0.011 0.002 - 0.011 0.75

Grapes 525 10 1.9 0.005 0.060 0.002 - 0.011 0.75

Green Beans 531 4 0.8 0.005 0.019 0.002 - 0.011 0.5

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.014 0.7

Peaches 324 12 3.7 0.003 0.038 0.002 - 0.014 0.7

Spinach 517 14 2.7 0.003 0.13 0.002 - 0.014 0.7

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.005 0.7

Sweet Peas 355 2 0.6 0.005 0.005 0.003 - 0.007 0.5

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.1

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.011 0.75

Total 4831 51

27 Dichlorvos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.5

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.014 0.5

Carrots 500 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.5

Grapes 525 1 0.2 0.003 0.003 0.002 - 0.004 0.5

Green Beans 531 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.5

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.014 3

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.014 0.5

Spinach 517 0 0.002 - 0.014 3

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.5

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.5

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.5

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.5

Total 4831 1

28 Dicloran (fungicide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.006 - 0.016 NT

Apples (V-1) 530 1 0.2 0.019 0.019 0.001 - 0.016 NT

Carrots 500 1 0.2 0.040 0.040 0.006 - 0.010 10

Grapes 525 12 2.3 0.010 0.72 0.006 - 0.010 10

Green Beans 531 0 0.006 - 0.010 20

Page 9 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Oranges 518 0 0.001 - 0.016 NT

Peaches 324 108 33.3 0.002 3.7 0.001 - 0.008 20

Spinach (V-17) 516 17 3.3 0.002 0.051 0.001 - 0.016 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.006 - 0.008 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT

Sweet Potatoes 497 316 63.6 0.010 4.1 0.006 - 0.010 10

Tomatoes 174 0 0.006 - 0.008 5

Total 4820 455

29 Dicofol (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.005 - 0.020 5

Apples 530 14 2.6 0.008 1.1 0.005 - 0.028 5

Carrots 500 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT

Grapes 525 17 3.2 0.008 2.5 0.005 - 0.020 5

Green Beans 531 1 0.2 0.030 0.030 0.005 - 0.020 5

Oranges 518 3 0.6 0.023 0.024 0.005 - 0.028 10

Peaches 324 7 2.2 0.047 0.43 0.005 - 0.028 10

Spinach 517 0 0.005 - 0.028 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT

Tomatoes 171 6 3.5 0.033 0.17 0.005 - 0.020 5

Total 4828 48

30 Dieldrin (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.002 ^ NT

Apples 197 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Grapes 89 0 0.002 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 #

Oranges 185 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.05 #

Peaches 114 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.03 #

Spinach 185 6 3.2 0.003 0.008 0.002 - 0.003 0.05 #

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 #

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 #

Sweet Potatoes 129 1 0.8 0.003 0.003 0.002 ^ 0.1 #

Tomatoes 27 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 #

Total 1240 7

31 Dimethoate (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 16 9.0 0.003 0.11 0.002 - 0.009 2

Apples 530 15 2.8 0.003 0.20 0.002 - 0.015 2

Carrots 500 0 0.002 - 0.009 NT

Grapes 525 87 16.6 0.003 0.66 0.002 - 0.009 1

Green Beans 531 15 2.8 0.005 0.10 0.002 - 0.009 2

Oranges 518 2 0.4 0.005 0.008 0.002 - 0.015 2

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.015 NT

Spinach (X-1) 517 38 7.4 0.003 4.6 0.002 - 0.015 2

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.011 NT

Sweet Peas 355 49 13.8 0.004 0.12 0.002 - 0.007 2

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.007 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.011 2

Total 4831 222

Page 10 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Omethoate (dimethoate metabolite)

Apple Juice 157 4 2.5 0.014 0.018 0.004 - 0.018 2

Apples 452 10 2.2 0.005 0.050 0.003 - 0.064 2

Carrots 410 0 0.003 - 0.018 NT

Grapes 445 86 19.3 0.005 0.23 0.002 - 0.018 1

Green Beans 452 13 2.9 0.005 0.030 0.003 - 0.018 2

Oranges 438 2 0.5 0.007 0.008 0.003 - 0.064 2

Peaches 273 0 0.003 - 0.064 NT

Spinach 431 74 17.2 0.005 0.43 0.003 - 0.064 2

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.013 NT

Sweet Peas 355 24 6.8 0.005 0.023 0.003 - 0.018 2

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.003 - 0.018 NT

Tomatoes 155 7 4.5 0.007 0.022 0.004 - 0.014 2

Total 4248 220

32 Diphenylamine (fungicide)

Apple Juice 171 17 9.9 0.014 0.16 0.008 - 0.027 10

Apples 524 452 86.3 0.014 4.7 0.008 - 0.027 10

Carrots 500 0 0.008 - 0.030 NT

Grapes 519 0 0.008 - 0.030 NT

Green Beans 525 0 0.008 - 0.030 NT

Oranges (V-1) 454 1 0.2 0.086 0.086 0.010 - 0.027 NT

Peaches (V-5) 280 5 1.8 0.017 0.16 0.010 - 0.030 NT

Spinach 441 0 0.010 - 0.027 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.010 - 0.015 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.008 - 0.015 NT

Sweet Potatoes (V-1) 507 1 0.2 0.015 0.015 0.008 - 0.015 NT

Tomatoes 168 0 0.010 - 0.030 NT

Total 4617 476

 4-Hydroxydiphenylamine 

Apple Juice 26 0 0.015 ^ 10

Apples 89 59 66.3 0.025 0.48 0.015 ^ 10

Carrots 72 0 0.015 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.015 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.015 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.015 ^ NT

Peaches 52 0 0.015 ^ NT

Spinach 79 0 0.015 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.015 ^ NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.015 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.015 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.015 ^ NT

Total 858 59

33 Disulfoton (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Apples 530 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.003 - 0.010 0.75

Oranges 518 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.003 - 0.019 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.003 - 0.020 0.75

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.013 0.3

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.75

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.003 - 0.013 0.75

Total 4831 0

Page 11 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Disulfoton sulfone

Apple Juice 26 0 0.005 ^ NT

Apples 197 0 0.005 - 0.043 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.005 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.005 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.005 ^ 0.75

Oranges 185 0 0.005 - 0.043 NT

Peaches 114 0 0.005 - 0.043 NT

Spinach 183 0 0.005 - 0.043 0.75

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.005 ^ 0.3

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.005 ^ 0.75

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.005 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.005 ^ 0.75

Total 1238 0

34 Diuron (herbicide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.030 ^ 1

Apples 89 0 0.030 ^ 1

Carrots 72 0 0.030 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.030 ^ 1

Green Beans 81 0 0.030 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.030 ^ 1

Peaches 52 0 0.030 ^ 0.1

Spinach 79 0 0.030 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.030 ^ 1

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.030 ^ 1

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.030 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.030 ^ NT

Total 858 0

35 Endosulfans (insecticide)

Endosulfan I

Apple Juice 177 0 0.001 - 0.007 2

Apples 530 14 2.6 0.002 0.028 0.001 - 0.007 2

Carrots 500 1 0.2 0.010 0.010 0.002 - 0.007 0.2

Grapes 525 7 1.3 0.003 0.093 0.002 - 0.007 2

Green Beans 531 3 0.6 0.003 0.007 0.002 - 0.007 2

Oranges 518 0 0.001 - 0.005 NT

Peaches 324 12 3.7 0.003 0.041 0.002 - 0.005 2

Spinach 517 25 4.8 0.002 0.20 0.001 - 0.005 2

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.2

Sweet Peas 355 1 0.3 0.006 0.006 0.002 - 0.007 2

Sweet Potatoes 507 2 0.4 0.003 0.006 0.002 - 0.007 0.2

Tomatoes 174 22 12.6 0.003 0.063 0.002 - 0.006 2

Total 4831 87

Endosulfan II

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.007 2

Apples 530 14 2.6 0.004 0.036 0.002 - 0.007 2

Carrots 500 0 0.003 - 0.007 0.2

Grapes 525 9 1.7 0.005 0.30 0.003 - 0.007 2

Green Beans 531 1 0.2 0.005 0.005 0.003 - 0.007 2

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT

Peaches 324 17 5.2 0.003 0.12 0.002 - 0.005 2

Spinach 517 29 5.6 0.003 0.15 0.002 - 0.005 2

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.2

Sweet Peas 355 2 0.6 0.010 0.012 0.002 - 0.007 2

Page 12 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Sweet Potatoes 507 5 1.0 0.005 0.005 0.002 - 0.007 0.2

Tomatoes 174 29 16.7 0.005 0.053 0.003 - 0.006 2

Total 4831 106

Endosulfan sulfate

Apple Juice 177 0 0.001 - 0.009 2

Apples 530 21 4.0 0.005 0.037 0.001 - 0.010 2

Carrots 500 10 2.0 0.005 0.016 0.003 - 0.009 0.2

Grapes 525 8 1.5 0.008 0.041 0.003 - 0.009 2

Green Beans 531 4 0.8 0.005 0.016 0.003 - 0.010 2

Oranges (V-5) 518 5 1.0 0.005 0.005 0.001 - 0.010 NT

Peaches 324 16 4.9 0.005 0.11 0.003 - 0.010 2

Spinach (X-1) 517 71 13.7 0.002 2.4 0.001 - 0.010 2

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.009 0.2

Sweet Peas 355 4 1.1 0.012 0.015 0.003 - 0.010 2

Sweet Potatoes 507 8 1.6 0.005 0.005 0.003 - 0.009 0.2

Tomatoes 174 25 14.4 0.005 0.035 0.003 - 0.009 2

Total 4831 172

36 Esfenvalerate (insecticide)

Apple Juice 130 0 0.015 - 0.31 2

Apples 422 10 2.4 0.025 0.075 0.012 - 0.31 2

Carrots 404 0 0.015 - 0.085 0.5

Grapes 420 0 0.015 - 0.085 NT

Green Beans 412 14 3.4 0.020 0.042 0.015 - 0.085 2

Oranges 284 0 0.012 - 0.31 NT

Peaches 181 0 0.012 - 0.085 10

Spinach (V-1) 269 1 0.4 0.042 0.042 0.015 - 0.31 NT

Sweet Corn 97 0 0.012 - 0.050 0.1

Sweet Peas 283 0 0.012 - 0.050 1

Sweet Potatoes 407 0 0.012 - 0.050 NT

Tomatoes 91 8 8.8 0.025 0.13 0.015 - 0.085 1

Total 3400 33

Fenvalerate

Apple Juice 177 0 0.015 - 0.34 2

Apples 530 3 0.6 0.025 0.044 0.007 - 0.29 2

Carrots 500 0 0.015 - 0.34 0.5

Grapes 525 0 0.015 - 0.34 NT

Green Beans 531 9 1.7 0.025 0.070 0.015 - 0.34 2

Oranges 518 0 0.007 - 0.29 NT

Peaches 324 2 0.6 0.012 0.038 0.007 - 0.11 10

Spinach (V-1) 491 1 0.2 0.050 0.050 0.007 - 0.29 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.012 - 0.34 0.1

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.012 - 0.34 1

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.012 - 0.34 NT

Tomatoes 174 4 2.3 0.027 0.158 0.015 - 0.34 1

Total 4805 19

37 Ethalfluralin (herbicide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.050 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.050 ^ NT

Carrots 72 0 0.050 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.050 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.050 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.050 ^ NT

Peaches 52 0 0.050 ^ NT

Spinach 79 0 0.050 ^ NT

Page 13 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.050 ^ NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.050 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.050 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.050 ^ NT

Total 858 0

38 Ethion (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.001 - 0.011 2

Apples 530 3 0.6 0.002 0.39 0.001 - 0.011 2

Carrots (V-4) 500 4 0.8 0.007 0.007 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.001 - 0.006 2

Green Beans 531 0 0.001 - 0.006 2

Oranges 518 4 0.8 0.002 0.038 0.001 - 0.011 2

Peaches 324 0 0.001 - 0.008 1

Spinach 517 0 0.001 - 0.011 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT

Tomatoes 174 1 0.6 0.004 0.004 0.001 - 0.006 2

Total 4831 12

39 Ethoprop (insecticide)

Apples 108 0 0.015 - 0.030 NT

Oranges 106 0 0.015 - 0.030 NT

Peaches 62 0 0.015 - 0.030 NT

Spinach 104 0 0.015 - 0.030 NT

Total 380 0

40 Fenamiphos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.25

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.25

Carrots 500 0 0.002 - 0.009 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.002 - 0.009 0.1

Green Beans 531 0 0.002 - 0.009 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.6

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.25

Spinach 516 0 0.002 - 0.013 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.013 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.013 NT

Total 4830 0

Fenamiphos sulfoxide

Apple Juice 99 0 0.005 - 0.12 0.25

Apples 281 0 0.005 - 0.12 0.25

Carrots 258 0 0.005 - 0.009 NT

Grapes 280 2 0.7 0.008 0.008 0.005 - 0.022 0.1

Green Beans 285 0 0.005 - 0.022 NT

Oranges 271 0 0.005 - 0.12 0.6

Peaches 165 0 0.005 - 0.080 0.25

Spinach 275 0 0.005 - 0.097 NT

Sweet Corn 81 0 0.005 - 0.006 NT

Sweet Peas 162 0 0.005 - 0.008 NT

Sweet Potatoes 229 0 0.005 - 0.006 NT

Tomatoes 88 0 0.005 - 0.022 NT

Total 2474 2

Page 14 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Fenamiphos sulfone

Apple Juice 99 0 0.005 - 0.097 0.25

Apples 281 0 0.005 - 0.097 0.25

Carrots 258 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT

Grapes 280 0 0.005 - 0.020 0.1

Green Beans 285 0 0.005 - 0.020 NT

Oranges 399 0 0.005 - 0.097 0.6

Peaches 246 0 0.005 - 0.080 0.25

Spinach 393 0 0.005 - 0.097 NT

Sweet Corn 121 0 0.005 - 0.080 NT

Sweet Peas 162 0 0.005 - 0.009 NT

Sweet Potatoes 229 0 0.005 - 0.009 NT

Tomatoes 135 0 0.005 - 0.080 NT

Total 2888 0

41 Fenbutatin oxide (insecticide)

Apples 333 5 1.5 0.005 0.27 0.003 ^ 15

Grapes 322 19 5.9 0.005 0.84 0.003 ^ 5

Oranges 342 3 0.9 0.005 0.005 0.003 ^ 20

Peaches 273 37 13.6 0.005 0.49 0.003 ^ 10

Total 1270 64

42 Fenthion (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Peaches 52 0 0.003 ^ NT

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.003 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ NT

Total 858 0

43 Heptachlor (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.001 ^ 0.1#

Apples 89 0 0.001 ^ 0.1#

Carrots 72 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Grapes 89 0 0.001 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Oranges 79 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Peaches 52 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Spinach 79 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Tomatoes 27 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Total 858 0

Heptachlor epoxide

Apple Juice 26 0 0.001 ^ 0.1#

Apples 89 0 0.001 ^ 0.1#

Carrots 72 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Grapes 89 0 0.001 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Page 15 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Oranges 79 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Peaches 52 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Spinach 79 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Tomatoes 27 0 0.001 ^ 0.01#

Total 858 0

44 Imazalil (fungicide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.010 - 0.15 NT

Apples (V-1) 530 1 0.2 0.092 0.092 0.009 - 0.15 NT

Carrots 375 0 0.010 - 0.044 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.010 - 0.044 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.010 - 0.070 NT

Oranges 518 301 58.1 0.015 1.1 0.009 - 0.15 10

Peaches (V-4) 324 4 1.2 0.017 0.017 0.009 - 0.055 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.010 - 0.15 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.009 - 0.044 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.009 - 0.070 NT

Sweet Potatoes 492 0 0.009 - 0.044 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.010 - 0.044 NT

Total 4691 306

45 Iprodione (fungicide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.008 - 0.090 NT

Apples (V-3) 530 3 0.6 0.014 0.025 0.008 - 0.090 NT

Carrots 500 186 37.2 0.014 0.19 0.008 - 0.060 5

Grapes 525 238 45.3 0.014 2.4 0.008 - 0.060 60

Green Beans 531 4 0.8 0.014 0.025 0.008 - 0.060 2

Oranges 518 0 0.015 - 0.090 NT

Peaches 324 256 79.0 0.025 19.0 0.015 - 0.040 20

Spinach (V-2) 517 2 0.4 0.025 0.050 0.015 - 0.090 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.015 - 0.060 5

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.008 - 0.060 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.008 - 0.060 NT

Tomatoes (V-3) 174 3 1.7 0.10 0.14 0.015 - 0.060 NT

Total 4831 692

46 Lindane (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.003 - 0.006 1

Apples 530 4 0.8 0.005 0.031 0.003 - 0.006 1

Carrots 500 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.5

Grapes 525 0 0.003 - 0.006 1

Green Beans 531 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.5

Oranges 518 0 0.003 - 0.005 0.5

Peaches 324 0 0.003 - 0.005 1

Spinach 516 0 0.003 - 0.005 1

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.005 0.5

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.5

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.5

Tomatoes 174 0 0.003 - 0.005 3

Total 4830 4

47 Linuron (herbicide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Carrots 197 135 68.5 0.005 0.27 0.003 - 0.010 1

Page 16 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Peaches 52 0 0.003 ^ NT

Spinach (V-1) 79 1 1.3 0.005 0.005 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.003 ^ 0.25

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.003 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ NT

Total 983 136

48 Malathion (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 1 0.6 0.017 0.017 0.002 - 0.018 8

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.018 8

Carrots 500 0 0.002 - 0.018 8

Grapes 525 0 0.002 - 0.018 8

Green Beans 531 0 0.002 - 0.018 8

Oranges 518 4 0.8 0.003 0.028 0.002 - 0.018 8

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.018 8

Spinach 517 1 0.2 0.003 0.003 0.002 - 0.018 8

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.013 2

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.010 8

Sweet Potatoes 507 8 1.6 0.003 0.012 0.002 - 0.010 1

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.018 8

Total 4831 14

49 Metalaxyl (fungicide)

Apple Juice 46 0 0.003 - 0.18 0.2

Apples 167 1 0.6 0.005 0.005 0.003 - 0.18 0.2

Carrots 72 15 20.8 0.005 0.020 0.003 ^ 0.5

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ 2

Green Beans 81 5 6.2 0.005 0.005 0.003 ^ 0.2

Oranges 159 0 0.003 - 0.18 1

Peaches 52 0 0.003 ^ 1

Spinach 165 11 6.7 0.005 0.38 0.003 - 0.18 10

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.003 ^ 0.2

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.003 ^ 0.5

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ NT

Total 1122 32

50 Methamidophos (insecticide)

Apple Juice (V-2) 177 2 1.1 0.006 0.006 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Apples 530 0 0.001 - 0.019 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Green Beans @ (V-3) 531 171 32.2 0.004 0.22 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.001 - 0.019 NT

Peaches (V-1) 324 1 0.3 0.005 0.005 0.001 - 0.019 NT

Spinach (V-19) 517 19 3.7 0.002 0.031 0.001 - 0.019 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT

Sweet Peas (V-1) 355 1 0.3 0.005 0.005 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Sweet Potatoes (V-2) 507 2 0.4 0.005 0.006 0.001 - 0.004 NT

Tomatoes 174 65 37.4 0.002 0.25 0.001 - 0.006 1

Total 4831 261

Page 17 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

51 Methidathion (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.003 - 0.014 0.05

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.014 0.05

Carrots 500 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT

Oranges 518 33 6.4 0.005 0.025 0.002 - 0.014 2

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.05

Spinach 517 0 0.003 - 0.014 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.013 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.003 - 0.013 NT

Total 4831 33

52 Methiocarb- analyzed as sulfoxide (insecticide)

Apple Juice 39 0 0.016 ^ NT

Apples 231 0 0.016 - 0.064 NT

Carrots 125 0 0.016 ^ NT

Grapes 116 0 0.016 ^ NT

Green Beans 118 0 0.016 ^ NT

Oranges 353 0 0.016 - 0.064 0.02

Peaches 222 0 0.016 - 0.064 15

Spinach 345 0 0.016 - 0.064 NT

Sweet Corn 92 0 0.016 - 0.020 0.03

Sweet Peas 106 0 0.016 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 143 0 0.016 ^ NT

Tomatoes 86 0 0.016 - 0.020 NT

Total 1976 0

53 Methomyl (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.008 - 0.032 1

Apples 530 11 2.1 0.012 0.096 0.008 - 0.076 1

Carrots 500 0 0.008 - 0.076 0.02

Grapes 525 39 7.4 0.013 1.3 0.008 - 0.076 5

Green Beans 531 5 0.9 0.013 0.053 0.007 - 0.076 2

Oranges 518 0 0.008 - 0.056 2

Peaches 325 4 1.2 0.093 0.22 0.008 - 0.056 5

Spinach 517 62 12.0 0.012 5.4 0.008 - 0.056 6

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.1

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.007 - 0.076 5

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.008 - 0.076 0.2

Tomatoes 174 0 0.008 - 0.032 1

Total 4832 121

54 Methoxychlor (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.006 - 0.026 14

Apples 530 94 17.7 0.010 1.5 0.006 - 0.023 14

Carrots 500 0 0.006 - 0.026 14

Grapes 525 0 0.006 - 0.026 14

Green Beans 531 0 0.006 - 0.026 14

Oranges 518 0 0.006 - 0.023 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.006 - 0.023 14

Spinach 517 0 0.006 - 0.023 14

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.006 - 0.026 14

Sweet Peas 355 2 0.6 0.015 0.041 0.006 - 0.026 14

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.006 - 0.026 7

Tomatoes 174 0 0.006 - 0.026 14

Total 4831 96

Page 18 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

55 Mevinphos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.5

Apples 530 6 1.1 0.013 0.013 0.002 - 0.077 0.5

Carrots 500 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.25

Grapes 525 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.5

Green Beans 531 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.25

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.077 0.2

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.077 1

Spinach 517 1 0.2 0.007 0.007 0.002 - 0.077 1

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.25

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.25

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.019 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.2

Total 4831 7

56 Myclobutanil (fungicide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.008 - 0.046 0.5

Apples 530 10 1.9 0.014 0.025 0.008 - 0.057 0.5

Carrots 458 0 0.008 - 0.046 NT

Grapes 525 131 25.0 0.014 0.54 0.008 - 0.046 1

Green Beans 531 0 0.008 - 0.046 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.010 - 0.057 NT

Peaches 324 20 6.2 0.017 0.095 0.010 - 0.057 2

Spinach 516 0 0.010 - 0.057 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.010 - 0.046 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.008 - 0.046 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.008 - 0.046 NT

Tomatoes (V-1) 174 1 0.6 0.025 0.025 0.010 - 0.046 NT

Total 4788 162

57 Oxamyl (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.010 - 0.035 2

Apples 530 18 3.4 0.015 0.043 0.010 - 0.076 2

Carrots 500 0 0.010 - 0.076 0.1

Grapes 525 0 0.010 - 0.076 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.009 - 0.076 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.010 - 0.048 0.3

Peaches 325 0 0.010 - 0.048 NT

Spinach (V-2) 517 2 0.4 0.015 0.082 0.010 - 0.048 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.009 - 0.076 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.010 - 0.076 0.1

Tomatoes 174 2 1.1 0.021 0.022 0.010 - 0.035 2

Total 4832 22

58 Oxydemeton methyl (insecticide)

Oxydemeton methyl sulfone

Apple Juice 18 0 0.003 ^ 1

Apples 27 0 0.003 ^ 1

Carrots 9 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 27 0 0.003 ^ 0.1

Green Beans 19 0 0.003 ^ 0.5

Oranges 18 0 0.003 ^ 1

Peaches 9 0 0.003 ^ NT

Spinach 18 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 29 0 0.003 ^ NT

Tomatoes 18 0 0.003 ^ NT

Total 192 0

Page 19 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

59 Oxyfluorfen (herbicide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.010 ^ 0.05

Apples 89 0 0.009 - 0.010 0.05

Carrots 72 0 0.010 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.010 ^ 0.05

Green Beans 81 0 0.010 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.009 - 0.010 NT

Peaches 52 0 0.009 - 0.010 0.05

Spinach 79 0 0.010 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.009 - 0.010 NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.009 - 0.010 NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.009 - 0.010 NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.010 ^ NT

Total 858 0

60 Parathion (insecticide)

Apple Juice 151 0 0.002 - 0.006 1

Apples 446 3 0.7 0.017 0.14 0.002 - 0.013 1

Carrots 410 3 0.7 0.003 0.007 0.002 - 0.006 1

Grapes 439 7 1.6 0.002 0.043 0.001 - 0.006 1

Green Beans 446 0 0.002 - 0.006 1

Oranges 432 1 0.2 0.003 0.003 0.002 - 0.013 1

Peaches 273 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Spinach 425 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.005 1

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.006 1

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.1

Tomatoes 149 0 0.002 - 0.005 1

Total 4206 14

61 Parathion methyl (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Apples 530 30 5.7 0.004 0.21 0.002 - 0.013 1

Carrots 500 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Grapes 525 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Green Beans 531 18 3.4 0.003 0.079 0.002 - 0.013 1

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Peaches 324 82 25.3 0.004 0.50 0.002 - 0.013 1

Spinach 516 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Sweet Peas 355 3 0.8 0.004 0.007 0.002 - 0.006 1

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.1

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.013 1

Total 4830 133

62 Permethrins (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.005 - 0.040 0.05

Apples 530 0 0.005 - 0.040 0.05

Carrots 500 0 0.005 - 0.040 NT

Grapes 545 0 0.005 - 0.050 NT

Green Beans (V-2) 531 2 0.4 0.016 0.10 0.005 - 0.040 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.005 - 0.025 NT

Peaches 324 1 0.3 0.48 0.48 0.005 - 0.025 5

Spinach 517 311 60.2 0.008 13.0 0.005 - 0.025 20

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.005 - 0.030 0.1

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.005 - 0.040 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.005 - 0.040 NT

Tomatoes 174 19 10.9 0.021 0.30 0.005 - 0.030 2

Total 4851 333

Page 20 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

63 o-Phenylphenol (fungicide)

Apple Juice 171 8 4.7 0.005 0.014 0.003 - 0.066 25

Apples 488 47 9.6 0.014 0.90 0.008 - 0.066 25

Carrots 410 0 0.003 - 0.065 20

Grapes 439 0 0.003 - 0.065 NT

Green Beans (V-9) 446 9 2.0 0.025 0.025 0.003 - 0.015 NT

Oranges 454 66 14.5 0.015 3.6 0.010 - 0.066 10

Peaches 229 0 0.010 - 0.021 20

Spinach (V-3) 441 3 0.7 0.016 0.016 0.010 - 0.066 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.065 NT

Sweet Peas (V-9) 355 9 2.5 0.015 0.025 0.003 - 0.015 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 4 0.8 0.025 0.025 0.003 - 0.065 15

Tomatoes 149 17 11.4 0.005 0.082 0.003 - 0.020 10

Total 4262 163

64 Phorate (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.004 - 0.030 NT

Apples 530 0 0.004 - 0.040 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.004 - 0.030 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.004 - 0.030 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.003 - 0.030 0.1

Oranges 518 0 0.004 - 0.040 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.004 - 0.040 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.004 - 0.040 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.004 - 0.020 0.1

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.004 - 0.030 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.004 - 0.030 0.1

Total 4831 0

Phorate oxygen analog

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ 0.1

Oranges 79 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Peaches 52 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ 0.1

Total 858 0

Phorate oxygen analog sulfone

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ 0.1

Oranges 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Peaches 52 0 0.003 ^ NT

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.003 ^ 0.1

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.003 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ 0.1

Total 858 0

Page 21 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Phorate sulfoxide

Apple Juice 79 0 0.004 - 0.11 NT

Apples 203 0 0.004 - 0.13 NT

Carrots 258 0 0.004 - 0.11 NT

Grapes 280 0 0.004 - 0.11 NT

Green Beans 285 0 0.004 - 0.11 0.1

Oranges 191 0 0.004 - 0.13 NT

Peaches 165 0 0.004 - 0.13 NT

Spinach 189 0 0.004 - 0.13 NT

Sweet Corn 81 0 0.004 - 0.11 0.1

Sweet Peas 162 0 0.004 - 0.11 NT

Sweet Potatoes 229 0 0.004 - 0.11 NT

Tomatoes 88 0 0.004 - 0.11 0.1

Total 2210 0

Phorate sulfone

Apple Juice 79 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT

Apples 203 0 0.003 - 0.056 NT

Carrots 258 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT

Grapes 280 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT

Green Beans 285 0 0.003 - 0.016 0.1

Oranges 319 0 0.003 - 0.056 NT

Peaches 246 0 0.003 - 0.056 NT

Spinach 307 0 0.003 - 0.056 NT

Sweet Corn 121 0 0.003 - 0.013 0.1

Sweet Peas 162 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 229 0 0.003 ^ NT

Tomatoes 135 0 0.003 - 0.016 0.1

Total 2624 0

65 Phosalone (insecticide)

Apple Juice 65 0 0.006 ^ 10

Apples 320 1 0.3 0.017 0.017 0.006 - 0.064 10

Carrots 197 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Grapes 205 0 0.006 - 0.020 10

Green Beans 199 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Oranges 432 0 0.006 - 0.064 3

Peaches 273 0 0.006 - 0.064 15

Spinach 424 0 0.006 - 0.064 NT

Sweet Corn 137 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Peas 196 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Potatoes 272 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Tomatoes 113 0 0.006 - 0.012 NT

Total 2833 1

66 Phosmet (insecticide)

Apple Juice 151 4 2.6 0.010 0.010 0.005 - 0.024 10

Apples 447 16 3.6 0.010 0.15 0.005 - 0.050 10

Carrots 410 0 0.005 - 0.024 NT

Grapes 439 12 2.7 0.010 0.50 0.002 - 0.024 10

Green Beans 446 0 0.005 - 0.024 NT

Oranges 432 0 0.005 - 0.030 5

Peaches 273 75 27.5 0.009 1.7 0.005 - 0.030 10

Spinach 425 0 0.005 - 0.030 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.006 - 0.030 0.5

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.006 - 0.024 0.5

Sweet Potatoes 507 30 5.9 0.010 0.42 0.005 - 0.024 10

Tomatoes 149 0 0.005 - 0.030 2

Total 4207 137

Page 22 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

67 Phosphamidon (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.093 1

Apples 530 5 0.9 0.003 0.050 0.002 - 0.040 1

Carrots (V-1) 500 1 0.2 0.16 0.16 0.002 - 0.093 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.002 - 0.093 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.002 - 0.093 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.080 0.75

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.080 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.002 - 0.080 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.093 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.093 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.093 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.093 0.1

Total 4831 6

68 Piperonyl butoxide (synergist)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.040 ^ 8

Apples 89 0 0.036 - 0.040 8

Carrots 72 0 0.040 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.040 ^ 8

Green Beans 81 0 0.040 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.036 - 0.040 8

Peaches 52 0 0.036 - 0.040 8

Spinach (V-1) 79 1 1.3 0.060 0.060 0.040 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.036 - 0.040 NT

Sweet Peas 90 1 1.1 0.060 0.060 0.036 - 0.040 8

Sweet Potatoes 129 14 10.9 0.060 0.067 0.036 - 0.040 0.25

Tomatoes 27 1 3.7 0.067 0.067 0.040 ^ 8

Total 858 17

69 Propargite (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.008 - 0.18 3

Apples 530 130 24.5 0.014 2.5 0.008 - 0.31 3

Carrots 500 0 0.008 - 0.045 NT

Grapes 525 9 1.7 0.014 0.73 0.008 - 0.045 10

Green Beans 531 0 0.008 - 0.045 20

Oranges 518 11 2.1 0.020 0.047 0.012 - 0.31 5

Peaches 324 59 18.2 0.030 1.0 0.012 - 0.15 7

Spinach 517 0 0.012 - 0.31 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.020 - 0.15 0.1 R

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.008 - 0.045 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.008 - 0.045 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.020 - 0.15 NT

Total 4831 209

70 Quintozene - PCNB (fungicide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT

Apples 530 0 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Green Beans 531 1 0.2 0.005 0.005 0.003 - 0.006 0.1

Oranges 518 0 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Spinach (V-4) 517 4 0.8 0.002 0.015 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.1

Total 4831 5

Page 23 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Hexachlorobenzene 

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Apples 530 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT

Carrots (V-1) 500 1 0.2 0.005 0.005 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Grapes (V-1) 525 1 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1

Oranges 518 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1

Total 4831 2

Pentachloroaniline 

Apples 108 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT

Oranges 106 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT

Peaches 62 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT

Spinach (V-2) 104 2 1.9 0.002 0.002 0.001 - 0.003 NT

Total 380 2

Pentachlorobenzene

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1

Total 4831 0

71 Simazine (herbicide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.012 ^ 0.25

Apples 89 0 0.012 ^ 0.25

Carrots 72 0 0.012 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.012 ^ 0.25

Green Beans 81 0 0.012 ^ NT

Oranges 79 1 1.3 0.020 0.020 0.012 ^ 0.25

Peaches 52 0 0.012 ^ 0.25

Spinach 79 0 0.012 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.012 ^ 0.25

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.012 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.012 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.012 ^ NT

Total 858 1

72 Sulprofos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ NT

Page 24 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Oranges 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Peaches 52 0 0.003 ^ NT

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.003 ^ NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ NT

Total 858 0

73 Tecnazine (fungicide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.006 ^ NT

Apples 89 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT

Carrots 72 0 0.006 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.006 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.006 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT

Peaches 52 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT

Spinach 79 0 0.006 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.006 ^ NT

Total 858 0

74 Terbufos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 177 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.030 NT

Carrots 500 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT

Grapes 525 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT

Green Beans 531 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.030 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.030 NT

Spinach 516 0 0.002 - 0.030 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.002 - 0.025 0.05

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT

Sweet Potatoes 507 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT

Tomatoes 174 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT

Total 4830 0

Terbufos oxygen analog sulfone

Apple Juice 20 0 0.006 ^ NT

Apples 78 0 0.006 ^ NT

Oranges 80 0 0.006 ^ NT

Spinach 86 0 0.006 ^ NT

Total 264 0

Terbufos sulfone

Apple Juice 79 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Apples 203 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT

Carrots 258 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Grapes 280 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Green Beans 285 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Oranges 319 0 0.002 - 0.013 NT

Peaches 246 0 0.002 - 0.013 NT

Spinach 307 0 0.003 - 0.013 NT

Page 25 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Sweet Corn 121 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.05

Sweet Peas 162 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Sweet Potatoes 229 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Tomatoes 135 0 0.003 - 0.013 NT

Total 2624 0

75 Tetrachlorvinphos (insecticide)

Apple Juice 26 0 0.003 ^ 10

Apples 89 0 0.002 - 0.003 10

Carrots 72 0 0.003 ^ NT

Grapes 89 0 0.003 ^ NT

Green Beans 81 0 0.003 ^ NT

Oranges 79 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Peaches 52 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1

Spinach 79 0 0.003 ^ NT

Sweet Corn 45 0 0.002 - 0.003 10

Sweet Peas 90 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Sweet Potatoes 129 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Tomatoes 27 0 0.003 ^ 5

Total 858 0

76 Thiabendazole (fungicide)

Apple Juice 177 67 37.9 0.019 0.75 0.011 - 0.18 10

Apples 530 372 70.2 0.045 5.4 0.030 - 0.18 10

Carrots 500 0 0.011 - 0.045 10

Grapes 525 0 0.011 - 0.045 10

Green Beans 531 0 0.009 - 0.045 NT

Oranges 518 228 44.0 0.050 1.1 0.030 - 0.18 10

Peaches (V-2) 324 2 0.6 0.042 0.042 0.025 - 0.061 NT

Spinach 517 0 0.030 - 0.18 NT

Sweet Corn 173 0 0.011 - 0.040 NT

Sweet Peas 355 0 0.009 - 0.045 NT

Sweet Potatoes (X-2) 507 2 0.4 0.050 0.15 0.011 - 0.045 0.02

Tomatoes 174 0 0.011 - 0.040 NT

Total 4831 671

77 Triadimefon (fungicide)

Grapes 1 1 0.008 0.008 0.002 ^ 1

Total 1 1

78 Trifluralin (herbicide)

Apple Juice 130 0 0.008 - 0.090 NT

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.090 NT

Carrots 500 214 42.8 0.013 0.18 0.008 - 0.039 1

Grapes 420 0 0.008 - 0.030 0.05

Green Beans 412 0 0.008 - 0.030 0.05

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.090 0.05

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.030 0.05

Spinach 517 0 0.002 - 0.090 0.05

Sweet Corn 137 0 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Sweet Peas 283 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 407 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.05

Tomatoes 138 0 0.003 - 0.030 0.05

Total 4316 214

Page 26 of 27 
Pesticide

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

79 Vinclozolin (fungicide)

Apple Juice 130 0 0.005 - 0.014 NT

Apples 530 0 0.002 - 0.014 NT

Carrots 404 0 0.006 - 0.014 NT

Grapes 523 19 3.6 0.010 0.89 0.006 - 0.014 6

Green Beans 412 83 20.1 0.005 0.14 0.002 - 0.014 NT *

Oranges 518 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT

Peaches 324 0 0.002 - 0.010 25

Spinach 517 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT

Sweet Corn 137 0 0.004 - 0.010 NT

Sweet Peas 283 0 0.006 - 0.014 NT

Sweet Potatoes 407 0 0.006 - 0.014 NT

Tomatoes 138 4 2.9 0.010 0.058 0.004 - 0.010 NT **

Total 4323 106

 Total No. of Different Residues Detected: 67

 Total No. of Samples Analyzed: 4,856

 Total No. of Residues Detected: 3,485

 ^ Only one LOD reference for the pair. Either 1 laboratory reporting or more than one laboratory with the same LOD.

(V) Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following V are the number of occurrences.

(X) Residue was found which exceeds EPA tolerance. Following X are the number of occurrences.

NT No tolerance level was set for that pesticide / commodity pair.

@ All other residues were detected in combination with acephate, for which a tolerance exists.

R Regional tolerance.

# Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA.

* Vinclozolin in processed green beans may be subject to a previous Section 18 (expiration date 09/30/95)

** Stated tolerance applies to domestic product only. Imported tomatoes have a tolerance of 3.0 ppm for vinclozolin.

For those pesticide/commodity pairs where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (3 times the

limit of detection), the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

Page 27 of 27 
Appendix E 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Wheat

Appendix E shows residue detections for all wheat samples tested for pesticides,

minimum and maximum concentrations reported, Limits of Detection (LOD), and whether

a tolerance is established for each pesticide in wheat. Residue detections are highlighted

in italics. 

In 1996 the Pesticide Data Program analyzed 340 domestic wheat samples. A total

of 309 samples (91%) were reported with residue detections. One sample was reported

as a presumptive tolerance violation. 
APPENDIX E. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN WHEAT

Pesticide*

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples with 

Detections

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Aldicarb 0.005 NT

 Aldicarb sulfone 0.005

Atrazine 13 3.8 0.003 0.008 0.002 0.25

Azinphos methyl 3 0.9 0.022 0.022 0.013 0.2

Carbaryl 1 0.3 0.013 0.013 0.003 3.0

Carbofuran 0.005 0.1

 3-Hydroxycarbofuran 0.005

Chlorpyrifos 49 14.4 0.010 0.042 0.006 0.5

Chlorpyrifos methyl 249 73.2 0.002 1.5 0.001 6.0

Demeton-S 0.006 NT

Diazinon 1 0.3 0.013 0.013 0.008 0.05

Dichlorvos (DDVP) 0.003 0.5**

Dicoflop methyl (herbicide) 1 0.3 0.010 0.010 0.006 0.1

Dimethoate 0.009 0.04

 Omethoate 0.011 0.04

Disulfoton 0.003 0.3

 Disulfoton sulfone 1 0.3 0.025 0.025 0.015

Endosulfans 0.1

 Endosulfan I 0.008

 Endosulfan II 0.010

 Endosulfan sulfate 0.003

Imazalil 10 2.9 0.010 0.024 0.006 0.05

Linuron 0.010 0.25

Malathion 239 70.3 0.005 1.0 0.003 8.0

Methiocarb (analyzed as sulfoxide) 0.015 NT

Methomyl 0.005 1.0

Methoxychlor p,p' 16 4.7 0.012 0.064 0.007 2.0

Oxamyl 0.005 NT

Parathion 1 0.3 0.022 0.022 0.013 1.0

Parathion methyl 1 0.3 0.010 0.010 0.006 1.0

Page 1 of 2
Pesticide*

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples with 

Detections

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Phorate 0.003 0.05

 Phorate sulfone 2 0.6 0.008 0.008 0.005

Thiabendazole 1 0.3 0.012 0.012 0.007 1.0

Triallate (herbicide) 0.010 0.05

Trifluralin (X-1) 5 1.5 0.012 0.16 0.007 0.05

* Uses for agricultural pesticides not listed in this appendix are in Appendix D.

** EPA Tolerance as of July 1996.

(X) - Residue was found which exceeds EPA tolerance. Following X are the number of occurences.

Where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (3 times the limit of detection),

the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

Page 2 of 2
Appendix F 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Milk

Appendix F shows residue detections for all milk samples tested for pesticides,

minimum and maximum concentrations reported, Limits of Detection (LODs), and whether

a tolerance is established for each pesticide in milk. Residue detections are highlighted

in italics. 

In 1996 the Pesticide Data Program analyzed 575 domestic milk samples. A total

of 105 samples (18%) were reported with residue detections. One sample was reported

as a presumptive tolerance violation. 

Milk is a uniquely marketed commodity in that most fluid milk is consumed in the

State where it is produced. This was evident in the milk samples collected by the 10

participating States in 1996, where 568 of the 575 samples collected were marketed in the

State of origin, and only 2 samples originated from non-participating PDP States. 

Implementation of new methodology, developed by the California Department of

Food and Agriculture to determine pesticide residues in whole milk, allowed detection of

the DDE metabolite of DDT at 0.001 ppm, the lowest reportable level in the PDP system.

Of the 99 milk samples with detectable DDE residues, 0.002-0.006 ppm (at or just above

quantifiable limits), 84 originated in California, 8 in New York, and 7 in Texas. 
APPENDIX F. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN MILK@

Pesticide*

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detections

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

2,4-D (herbicide) 570 0.005 - 0.010 0.1

2,4-DB (herbicide) 202 0.005 NT

Abamectin (insecticide) 501 0.001 0.005

Acephate 570 0.001 - 0.002 0.1

Aldicarb 570 0.003 - 0.005 0.002

 Aldicarb sulfoxide 570 0.004 - 0.012

 Aldicarb sulfone 570 0.004 - 0.009

Atrazine 570 0.001 - 0.012 0.02

Azinphos methyl 570 0.002 - 0.007 0.04

BHC

 BHC alpha 570 0.001 0.3 (F)

 BHC beta 570 0.001 0.3 (F)

 BHC delta 570 0.001 0.3 (F)

Benomyl (analyzed as carbendazim) 501 0.002 0.1

Captan 202 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Carbaryl 570 0.002 - 0.004 0.3

Carbofuran 570 0.004 0.02

 3-Hydroxycarbofuran 570 0.004

Carbophenothion 570 0.001 - 0.002 NT

Chlordanes NT

 Chlordane cis 570 0.001 - 0.002

 Chlordane trans 570 0.001

 Oxychlordane 346 0.001

Chlorfenvinphos NT

 Chlorfenvinphos alpha 426 0.001 - 0.002

 Chlorfenvinphos beta 346 0.001

Chlorothalonil 202 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Chlorpropham 570 0.001 - 0.005 0.05

Page 1 of 5
Pesticide*

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detections

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Chlorpyrifos 570 0.001 - 0.002

0.25 (F) 

0 .01 (W)

Chlorpyrifos methyl 570 0.001 - 0.002

1.25 (F) 

0 .05 (W)

Cyfluthrin 202 0.020 - 0.024

15.0 (F) 

0 .5 (W)

Cypermethrin 202 0.010 - 0.020 0.05

DCPA 202 0.001 NT

DDT 570 0.001 - 0.006

1.25 (F)# 

NT(W)

 DDD (TDE) 570 0.001 - 0.006

 DDE 570 99 17.4 0.002 0.006 0.001 - 0.003

Dalapon (herbicide) 202 0.009 - 0.010 0.1

Demeton-S sulfone (metabolite) 202 0.001 - 0.003 NT

Diazinon 426 0.001 - 0.002 NT

Dicamba (herbicide) 439 0.004 - 0.008 0.3

Dichlorvos (DDVP) 570 1 0.2 0.003 0.003 0.001 - 0.002 0.02 (W)

Dicloran 202 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Dicofol p p (herbicide) 202 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Dieldrin 570 0.001 - 0.003 0.3 (F)#

Dimethoate 570 0.001 0.002

 Omethoate 570 0.001 - 0.002 0.002

Diphenylamine 346 0.006 - 0.010 NT

 4-Hydroxydiphenylamine 202 0.006

Disulfoton 346 0.001 NT

 Disulfoton sulfone 346 0.001 - 0.002

Diuron 202 0.012 NT

Page 2 of 5
Pesticide*

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detections

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Endosulfans

0.5 (F) 

NT (W)

 Endosulfan I 570 0.001

 Endosulfan II 570 0.001 - 0.002

 Endosulfan sulfate 570 0.001

Esfenvalerate 570 0.004 - 0.013

7 (F) 

0.3 (W)

Ethalfluralin 570 0.007 - 0.020 0.05

Ethion 570 0.001

0.5 (F) 

NT(W)

Fenamiphos 570 0.001 - 0.002 0.01

 Fenamiphos sulfoxide 426 0.002 - 0.005

 Fenamiphos sulfone 570 0.002 - 0.005

Fenthion 570 0.001 0.01

Fenvalerate 570 0.004 - 0.021

7 (F) 

0.3 (W)

Heptachlor 570 0.001 - 0.001 0.1 (F)#

 Heptachlor epoxide 570 0.001

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) 202 0.001 NT

Imazalil 202 0.004 0.01 (W)

Iprodione 570 0.004 - 0.006 0.05

Ivermectin (anthelmintic) 501 0.001 --

Lindane 570 0.001 - 0.006 0.3 (F)

Linuron 202 0.001 NT

MCPA (herbicide) 439 0.005 - 1.500 0.1

Malathion 570 0.001 - 0.002 0.5 (F)

Metalaxyl 90 0.001 - 0.006 0.02

Methamidophos 202 0.001 NT

Methidathion 570 0.001 - 0.002 0.03

Methiocarb (analyzed as sulfoxide) 368 0.004 - 0.005 NT

Page 3 of 5
Pesticide*

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detections

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Methomyl 570 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Methoxychlor 426 0.002 - 0.003 1.25 (F)

Mevinphos NT

 Mevinphos (E) 202 0.001

 Mevinphos (Z) 202 0.001

Myclobutanil 202 0.006 0.2

o-Phenylphenol (V-1) 202 1 0.5 0.010 0.010 0.006 NT

Omethoate 570 0.001 - 0.002 0.002

Oxamyl 346 0.004 - 0.006 NT

Oxydemton methyl sulfone 

(metabolite) 43 0.001 0.01

Oxyfluorfen 570 0.003 - 0.006 0.05

Parathion 426 0.001 - 0.002 NT

Parathion methyl 426 0.001 NT

Pentachlorobenzene (PCB) 202 0.001 NT

Pentachlorophenol (molluscicide)** 202 0.005 NT

Permethrins 570 0.002 - 0.032

6.25 (F) 

0.25 (W)

Phorate 570 0.001 - 0.020 0.02

 Phorate sulfoxide 426 0.002 - 0.076

 Phorate sulfone 426 0.001 - 0.002

 Phorate oxygen analog 202 0.001

 Phorate oxygen analog sulfone 202 0.001

Phosalone 202 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Phosmet 202 0.002 - 0.003 NT

Phosphamidon 202 0.001 NT

Picloram (herbicide) 202 0.007 - 0.008 0.05

Piperonyl butoxide 91 0.015

0.25 (F) 

NT (W)

Page 4 of 5
Pesticide*

Total 

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detections

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Propargite 346 0.030 - 0.045

2 (F) 

0.08 (W)

Quintozene (PCNB) 570 0.001 NT

Simazine 570 0.001 - 0.005 0.02

Sulprofos 570 0.001 - 0.004 0.01

Tecnazine (fungicide) 202 0.003 - 0.004 NT

Terbufos 202 0.001 NT

 Terbufos sulfone 202 0.001

Tetrachlorvinphos 570 0.001 - 0.005

0.5 (F) 

NT (W)

Thiabendazole 536 4 0.7 0.050 0.050 0.010 - 0.030 0.4

 5-Hydroxythiabendazole 501 0.150

Triclopyr (herbicide) 202 0.007 - 0.008 0.01

Trifluralin 202 0.006 NT

Vinclozolin 202 0.002 - 0.003 NT

(F) - Tolerance on Fat Basis

(W) - Tolerance for whole milk

(V) - Residue was found where no EPA tolerance was established. Following the V are the number of occurences.

All others are tolerances for whole milk.

* Uses for agricultural pesticides not listed in this appendix are in Appendix D.

** Pentachlorophenol is also listed as a wood preservative.

@ - A total of 570 samples were tested in three (3) State Laboratories and 501 samples in the AMS Eastern Laboratory - five (5)

 samples were not common to both testing systems; hence a total of 575 samples.

# - Numbers shown are action levels established by FDA.

Where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (3 times the limit of detection),

the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

Page 5 of 5
Appendix G

Concentration Percentiles in Selected 

Pesticide/Commodity Pairs

Appendix G shows 59 pesticide/commodity pairs with detections in at least 10

percent of the samples tested. Concentrations detected are arranged in percentiles. The

90th percentile is compared to the tolerance established for each pesticide/commodity

pair.

The meaning of a percentile can be most easily explained through an example. For

the imazalil/orange pair, the 50th percentile is estimated to be 0.055 ppm. This means that

PDP estimates that at least 50 percent of oranges available to U.S. consumers had

imazalil residues of 0.055 ppm or less, while at least 50 percent had residues of 0.055 ppm

or more. Similarly, the 75th percentile (or the upper quartile) for this pair is estimated to

be 0.155 ppm, which means that at least 75 percent of oranges had residues of 0.155 ppm

or less, while at least 25 percent had residues of 0.155 ppm or more. Finally, the 90th

percentile (or the last decile) is estimated to be 0.300 ppm, meaning that at least 90

percent of all oranges had imazalil residues of 0.300 ppm or less, while at least 10 percent

had residues of 0.300 ppm or more.

For the three processed commodities--apple juice, green beans and sweet peas--

the percentile concentrations were weighted to reflect marketplace availability (utilization)

versus samples collected monthly.

Commodity Collected Utilization

AJ (Liquid:Frozen) 2:1 3:1

GB (Canned:Frozen) 4:5 2:1

PS (Canned:Frozen) 4:5 2:1
APPENDIX G. CONCENTRATION PERCENTILES IN SELECTED PESTICIDE/COMMODITY PAIRS

 (Pairs with Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples)

% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean** Percentiles 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide(1) Months Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

1 Apple Juice (W) 3+

Carbaryl 32.2 0.009 0.019 * 0.012 0.032 0.003

Thiabendazole 37.9 0.080 0.115 * 0.100 0.280 0.028

2 Apples 9+

Azinphos methyl 54.5 0.033 0.043 0.013 0.051 0.092 0.046

Captan 15.3 0.022 0.030 * * 0.030 0.001

Carbaryl 12.3 0.018 0.034 * * 0.029 0.003

Chlorpyrifos 26.4 0.007 0.010 * 0.004 0.019 0.013

Diphenylamine 86.3 0.717 0.719 0.610 1.100 1.600 0.160

Methoxychlor 17.7 0.032 0.042 * * 0.079 0.006

Propargite 24.5 0.098 0.138 * * 0.360 0.120

Thiabendazole 70.2 0.589 0.605 0.370 0.780 1.600 0.160

3 Carrots 8+

DDE 43.0 0.017 0.020 * 0.019 0.049 0.016

Iprodione 37.2 0.019 0.036 * 0.030 0.062 0.012

Linuron 68.5 0.030 0.033 0.012 0.038 0.082 0.082

Trifluralin 42.8 0.027 0.040 * 0.048 0.089 0.089

4 Grapes 9+

Captan 41.6 0.062 0.069 * 0.067 0.210 0.004

Chlorpyrifos 13.7 0.006 0.011 * * 0.008 0.150

Dimethoate 16.6 0.012 0.016 * * 0.015 0.015

Iprodione 45.3 0.124 0.138 * 0.150 0.400 0.007

Myclobutanil 25.0 0.026 0.045 * * 0.083 0.083

Omethoate 19.3 0.009 0.017 * * 0.033 0.033

5 Green Beans (C&F)(W) 9+

Acephate 33.5 0.025 0.028 * 0.014 0.068 0.023

Carbaryl 11.9 0.004 0.016 * * * *

Methamidophos 32.2 0.009 0.012 * 0.009 0.031 0.031

Vinclozolin 20.1 0.004 0.013 * * 0.015 ***

6 Milk 8+

DDE 17.4 0.001 0.002 * * 0.003 ****

7 Oranges 9

Carbaryl 11.8 0.005 0.019 * * 0.014 0.001

Chlorpyrifos 12.0 0.001 0.004 * * 0.004 0.004

Imazalil 58.1 0.107 0.137 0.055 0.155 0.300 0.030

o-Phenylphenol 14.5 0.034 0.055 * * 0.028 0.003

Thiabendazole 44.0 0.095 0.133 * 0.153 0.308 0.031

Page 1 of 2
% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean** Percentiles 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide(1) Months Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

8 Peaches 8

Azinphos methyl 33.3 0.025 0.036 * 0.031 0.076 0.038

Benomyl 23.1 0.118 0.156 * * 0.430 0.029

Carbaryl 16.0 0.044 0.056 * * 0.036 0.004

Chlorpyrifos 17.0 0.002 0.006 * 0.000 0.010 0.190

Dicloran 33.3 0.140 0.144 * 0.040 0.470 0.024

Fenbutatin oxide 13.6 0.018 0.020 * * 0.016 0.002

Iprodione 79.0 0.710 0.715 0.320 0.760 1.700 0.085

Parathion methyl 25.3 0.015 0.021 * 0.004 0.046 0.046

Phosmet 27.5 0.052 0.063 * 0.012 0.160 0.016

Propargite 18.2 0.067 0.115 * * 0.290 0.041

9 Spinach 9+

DDE 58.2 0.010 0.012 0.006 0.015 0.028 0.056

DDT 12.5 0.003 0.007 * * 0.009 0.018

Endosulfan sulfate 13.7 0.019 0.023 * * 0.008 0.004

Methomyl 12.0 0.059 0.072 * * 0.031 0.005

Omethoate 17.2 0.010 0.020 * * 0.030 0.015

Permethrins 60.2 0.969 0.974 0.088 1.250 3.300 0.165

10 Sweet Peas (C&F)(W) 6

Dimethoate 13.8 0.003 0.007 * * 0.009 0.005

11 Sweet Potatoes 9+

Chlorpyrifos 10.5 0.001 0.006 * * 0.004 0.070

Dicloran 63.6 0.239 0.242 0.082 0.340 0.650 0.065

12 Tomatoes 3+

Chlorothalonil 11.5 0.024 0.035 * * 0.008 0.002

Endosulfan I 12.6 0.002 0.005 * * 0.004 0.002

Endosulfan II 16.7 0.003 0.006 * * 0.008 0.004

Endosulfan sulfate 14.4 0.002 0.006 * * 0.006 0.003

Methamidophos 37.4 0.012 0.014 * 0.012 0.033 0.033

o-Phenylphenol 11.4 0.004 0.015 * * 0.011 0.001

Permethrins 10.9 0.012 0.027 * * 0.027 0.013

13 Wheat -

Chlorpyrifos 14.4 0.002 0.007 * * 0.011 0.220

Chlorpyrifos methyl 73.2 0.068 0.068 0.004 0.029 0.184 0.031

Malathion 70.3 0.050 0.051 0.008 0.033 0.112 0.014

(1) No sampling of fruit and vegetables and milk from September 9th to November 30th (scattered sampling for wheat).

* The percentile value is estimated to be below the Limit of Detection (LOD).

** The mean is estimated with a range of values. The lower bound is calculated with non-detections valued

at zero. The upper bound is calculated using the LOD.

*** FIFRA Section 18 exemption expired September 30, 1995.

**** No established tolerance in whole milk - tolerance only in fat (1.25 ppm).

(W) - Weighted for utilization.

(C&F) - Canned & Frozen Samples

Page 2 of 2
Appendix H 

Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected

Pesticide/Commodity Pairs

In Appendix H the concentrations detected (in parts per million) are plotted versus

the calculated percentiles for the following eight pesticide/commodity pairs:

Azinphos methyl/Apples

Imazalil/Oranges

Acephate/Green Beans (Canned & Frozen)

Methamidophos/Green Beans (Canned & Frozen)

DDE/Spinach

Permethrins/Spinach

Dicloran/Sweet Potatoes

Chlorpyrifos methyl/Wheat

The distribution of residues for all the PDP pesticide/commodity pairs has the same

curved shape. The highest percentile graphed in the appendix is the 99th, which in each

case is lower than the highest concentration detected in the sample (refer to the value

shown in each graph’s legend). Inclusion of the highest concentration would cause graph

distortion, which would obscure concentrations in the low ranges. The tolerance for the

pesticide/commodity pair is also indicated in the legend of each graph. The large dots

show the percentage of the commodity at or below a given level of residue concentration.

For example, an estimated 75 percent of oranges available to U.S. consumers in 1996 had

imazalil residue concentrations of 0.155 ppm or less. The solid lines, tailing the large dots,

depict percentage values. The lowest value of these solid lines indicates the estimated

percentage of the commodity available to U.S. consumers with no detectable residues.

For imazalil in oranges, this is 42 percent. The shaded bar denotes the range of values

estimated for the mean. For imazalil/oranges the mean range is 0.107 - 0.137 ppm,

corresponding to the 65th through 73rd percentile.
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Azinphos methyl / Apples

Appendix H. Cumulative Distributions of Residues

for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

•• • •• • • •••• ••• •• ••• •••• ••••••• •••

•• •••••• ••••••••••••• •

•••••••••••••••••

•

•

••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 2 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 0.44 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Imazalil / Oranges

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

•••••••••••••••••••• •••••••••

•••••••• • •••••• • ••• •• •••

• •

••

•

••••••••

•••••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

•

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 10 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 1.1 ppm

MEAN
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Methamidophos / Green Beans

50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

0.11

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

0.11

•• •••• •••• •• •• •••••• •••• • •••• •

•••••

•••••••

••••

•

••••••••

•

••

•

•

•••

•

•••

•••

•• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 1 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 0.22 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Acephate / Green Beans

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

•••••••••• •••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

••••

••••••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 3 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 1.2 ppm

MEAN
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

DDE / Spinach

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

• •••• •••• •••• •• • • •• ••••• •• • • •• •••• •

•••• •

• •••

•

••

•

•••

•

•

•

•

•••

••

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 500 ppb

 Highest Level Detected is 88 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Permethrins / Spinach

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

••••••••••

•••

••

••••

•

•

••

•

••

••

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 20 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 13 ppm

MEAN
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Dicloran / Sweet Potatoes

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

••••

•••••••••

••••

•••

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 10 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 4.1 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

Chlorpyrifos methyl / Wheat

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

• • • • • • • ••••••• •••• •••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

••••

••

••••••••••

•

•

••

••

••

•

••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• LEGEND

 Tolerance is 6 ppm

 Highest Level Detected is 1.5 ppm

MEAN
Appendix I

Percentage of Samples vs. Number of Residues

 Detected per Sample

(Fresh and Processed Commodities)

Appendix I shows the percentage of samples versus number of residues detected

per sample. Page 1 shows the overall number of samples and percentages (of the total

number of samples analyzed) for each detection group across all commodites. Page 2

shows the number of residues detected by individual commodity. For the 5,771 samples

tested, 32.4 percent had no detectable residues and 44.6 percent had more than one

residue. 
APPENDIX I. PERCENTAGE vs. NUMBER OF RESIDUES DETECTED PER SAMPLE

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Number of Residues Detected per Sample

Number of Residues Detected per Sample

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Number of

Samples 1872 1329 1172 661 384 211 82 29 16 9 4 -- 1 -- 1

Percent of

Total Samples 32.4 23.0 20.3 11.5 6.7 3.7 1.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 -- .017 -- .017

TOTAL NUMBER OF SAMPLES = 5,771 Percent of Samples

32.4

20.3

23.0

3.7

6.7

11.5

0.3 0.2 0.5 1.4

0.1 .017 .017

Page 1 of 2
APPENDIX I. PERCENTAGE OF SAMPLES vs.

NUMBER OF RESIDUES DETECTED PER SAMPLE

Number of Residues Detected per Sample

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Fresh: Percent

Apples 1.7 5.8 14.5 26.4 24.5 15.3 6.2 2.5 1.3 1.3 0.4 -- -- -- --

(530 Samples)

Carrots 22.4 27.6 25.6 16.2 4.6 3.2 0.2 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

(500 Samples)

Grapes 20.0 21.9 25.1 13.7 9.9 6.5 1.7 1.0 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- --

(525 Samples)

Oranges 15.6 38.0 28.9 14.3 2.7 0.4 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

(519 Samples)

Peaches 4.0 11.9 22.5 21.9 20.7 10.0 5.5 2.1 1.2 0.3 -- -- -- -- --

(329 Samples)

Spinach 11.6 25.3 32.6 13.5 8.2 5.5 1.7 0.4 0.4 -- 0.4 -- 0.2 -- 0.2

(525 Samples)

Sweet Potatoes 32.9 47.4 12.5 5.3 1.2 0.8 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

(511 Samples)

Tomatoes 35.8 26.8 16.2 8.4 5.6 2.2 3.9 -- 1.1 -- -- -- -- -- --

(179 Samples)

Processed:

Apple Juice 33.5 35.2 16.8 8.9 5.0 0.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

(179 Samples)

Green Beans 46.1 15.1 23.7 9.0 4.1 0.9 0.6 0.2 -- 0.2 -- -- -- -- --

(531 Samples)

Sweet Corn 100.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

(173 Samples)

Sweet Peas 78.9 13.0 7.6 0.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

(355 Samples)

Number of 

Samples 1371 1132 1008 618 377 209 81 29 16 9 4 -- 1 -- 1

Percent of Total 

Samples 28.2 23.3 20.8 12.7 7.8 4.3 1.7 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 -- .017 -- .017

TOTAL NUMBER OF FRUIT & VEGETABLE SAMPLES = 4,856

Grain: Wheat (340 Samples)

Number of 

Samples 31 92 164 43 7 2 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Percent 9.1 27.1 48.2 12.6 2.1 0.6 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Dairy: Milk (575 Samples)

Number of 

Samples 470 105 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Percent 81.7 18.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Page 2 of 2
Appendix J

Distribution of Presumptive Tolerance Violations 

(Across all commodities)

Appendix J shows the distribution of presumptive tolerance violations reported in

1996 samples across all commodities. In 1996, the following commodities were

analyzed:

< 4,856 Fruit and Vegetable samples were analyzed. A total of 196

samples (4.0%) were reported as presumptive tolerance violations.

< 340 Wheat samples were analyzed. One sample (0.29%) was

reported as a presumptive tolerance violation.

< 575 Domestic Milk samples were analyzed. One sample (0.17%) was

reported as a presumptive tolerance violation.

Nine samples were reported which contained residues that exceeded the

established EPA tolerances including;

In Sweet Potatoes (5) In Spinach (2)

1 sample with Carbaryl 1 sample with Dimethoate

2 samples with Chlorpyrifos 1 sample with Endosulfan Sulfate

2 samples with Thiabendazole. 

In Grapes (1) In Wheat (1)

1 sample with 3-Hydroxycarbofuran 1 sample withTrifluralin

Pesticide residue established tolerances for pesticide/commodity pairs in PDP

span several orders of magnitude--from 0.01 ppm for heptachlor/oranges (FDA action

level), to 100 ppm for captan/spinach. Of the 198 reported samples containing

violations (243 violations), 168 samples contained a single residue, 23 samples

contained two residues, 3 samples contained three residues, 1 sample contained four

residues, 2 samples contained five residues, and 1 sample contained six residue

violations. Approximately half of the reported presumptive violations were in spinach.
APPENDIX J. DISTRIBUTION OF PRESUMPTIVE TOLERANCE VIOLATIONS 

Commodity

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

Reported as 

PTV

% of Samples 

with PTV

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

1 Apple Juice

Acephate 177 1 0.6 0.004 0.004 0.002 - 0.008 NT

Methamidophos 177 2 1.1 0.006 0.006 0.001 - 0.006 NT

* Total Samples Taken 179 3 1.7

2 Apples

Chlorothalonil 530 4 0.8 0.030 0.030 0.004 - 0.018 NT

Chlorpropham 530 2 0.4 0.013 0.020 0.006 - 0.031 NT

Dicloran 530 1 0.2 0.019 0.019 0.001 - 0.016 NT

Imazalil 530 1 0.2 0.092 0.092 0.009 - 0.15 NT

Iprodione 530 3 0.6 0.014 0.025 0.008 - 0.090 NT

* Total Samples Taken 530 11 2.1

3 Carrots

Acephate 500 2 0.4 0.004 0.010 0.002 - 0.006 NT

Chlorpyrifos 500 7 1.4 0.005 0.074 0.003 - 0.011 NT

Ethion 500 4 0.8 0.007 0.007 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Phosphamidon 500 1 0.2 0.16 0.16 0.002 - 0.093 NT

Hexachlorobenzene 500 1 0.2 0.005 0.005 0.002 - 0.004 NT

* Total Samples Taken 500 15 3.0

4 Grapes

3-Hydroxycarbofuran 525 1 0.2 0.024 0.30 0.010 - 0.076 0.2

Chlorothalonil 420 1 0.2 0.012 0.012 0.006 - 0.008 NT

Chlorpropham 525 1 0.2 0.020 0.020 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Chlorpyrifos 525 13 2.5 0.005 0.44 0.003 - 0.011 0.5 R

Hexachlorobenzene 525 1 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.002 - 0.004 NT

* Total Samples Taken 525 17 3.2

5 Green Beans

Demeton S sulfone 81 11 13.6 0.005 0.010 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Methamidophos 531 3 0.6 0.004 0.22 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Permethrins 531 2 0.4 0.016 0.10 0.005 - 0.040 NT

o-Phenylphenol 446 9 2.0 0.025 0.025 0.003 - 0.015 NT

* Total Samples Taken 531 25 4.7

6 Milk

o-Phenylphenol 202 1 0.5 0.010 0.010 0.006 NT

* Total Samples Taken 575 1 0.2

Page 1 of 3 
Commodity

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

Reported as 

PTV

% of Samples 

with PTV

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

7 Oranges

Diphenylamine 454 1 0.2 0.086 0.086 0.010 - 0.027 NT

Endosulfan sulfate 518 5 1.0 0.005 0.005 0.001 - 0.010 NT

* Total Samples Taken 519 6 1.2

8 Peaches

DCPA 324 1 0.3 0.013 0.013 0.002 - 0.008 NT

Diphenylamine 280 5 1.8 0.017 0.16 0.010 - 0.030 NT

Imazalil 324 4 1.2 0.017 0.017 0.009 - 0.055 NT

Methamidophos 324 1 0.3 0.005 0.005 0.001 - 0.019 NT

Thiabendazole 324 2 0.6 0.042 0.042 0.025 - 0.061 NT

* Total Samples Taken 329 13 3.9

9 Peas (Sweet)

Methamidophos 355 1 0.3 0.005 0.005 0.002 - 0.004 NT

o-Phenylphenol 355 9 2.5 0.015 0.025 0.003 - 0.015 NT

* Total Samples Taken 355 10 2.8

10 Spinach

Acephate 517 16 3.1 0.004 0.12 0.002 - 0.024 NT

Atrazine 517 2 0.4 0.033 0.033 0.003 - 0.020 NT

3-Hydroxycarbofuran 517 1 0.2 0.033 0.033 0.010 - 0.070 NT

Chlorothalonil 517 4 0.8 0.007 0.88 0.003 - 0.018 NT

Chlorpyrifos 517 26 5.0 0.003 0.030 0.002 - 0.009 NT

Cypermethrins 302 3 1.0 0.033 0.42 0.020 - 0.046 NT

DCPA 517 16 3.1 0.005 0.030 0.003 - 0.020 NT

Demeton S sulfone 79 1 1.3 0.013 0.013 0.003 - 0.006 NT

Dicloran 516 17 3.3 0.002 0.051 0.001 - 0.016 NT

Dimethoate 517 1 0.2 0.003 4.6 0.002 - 0.015 2

Endosulfan sulfate 517 1 0.2 0.002 2.4 0.001 - 0.010 2

Esfenvalerate 269 1 0.4 0.042 0.042 0.015 - 0.31 NT

Fenvalerate 491 1 0.2 0.050 0.050 0.007 - 0.29 NT

Iprodione 517 2 0.4 0.025 0.050 0.015 - 0.090 NT

Linuron 79 1 1.3 0.005 0.005 0.003 ^ NT

Methamidophos 517 19 3.7 0.002 0.031 0.001 - 0.019 NT

Oxamyl 517 2 0.4 0.015 0.082 0.010 - 0.048 NT

o-Phenylphenol 441 3 0.7 0.016 0.016 0.010 - 0.066 NT

Piperonyl butoxide 79 1 1.3 0.060 0.060 0.040 ^ NT

Quintozene (PCNB) 517 4 0.8 0.002 0.015 0.001 - 0.006 NT

Pentachloroaniline 104 2 1.9 0.002 0.002 0.001 - 0.003 NT

* Total Samples Taken 525 124 23.6

Page 2 of 3 
Commodity

Samples 

Screened

Samples 

Reported as 

PTV

% of Samples 

with PTV

Minimum Value 

Detected, ppm

Maximum Value 

Detected, ppm

Range of LODs, 

ppm

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

11 Sweet Potatoes

Acephate 507 2 0.4 0.007 0.008 0.002 - 0.005 NT

Carbaryl 507 1 0.2 0.67 0.67 0.006 - 0.076 0.2

Chlorpropham 507 1 0.2 0.013 0.013 0.006 - 0.020 NT

Chlorpyrifos 507 2 0.4 0.005 0.086 0.003 - 0.011 0.05

Diphenylamine 507 1 0.2 0.015 0.015 0.008 - 0.015 NT

Methamidophos 507 2 0.4 0.005 0.006 0.001 - 0.004 NT

Thiabendazole 507 2 0.4 0.050 0.15 0.011 - 0.045 0.02

* Total Samples Taken 511 11 2.2

12 Tomatoes

Acephate 174 1 0.6 0.007 0.007 0.002 - 0.006 NT

3-Hydroxycarbofuran 174 1 0.6 0.024 0.024 0.010 - 0.020 NT

Iprodione 174 3 1.7 0.10 0.14 0.015 - 0.060 NT

Myclobutanil 174 1 0.6 0.025 0.025 0.010 - 0.046 NT

* Total Samples Taken 179 6 3.3

13 Wheat

Trifluralin 340 1 0.3 0.012 0.16 0.007 0.05

* Total Samples Taken 340 1 0.3

KEY

 * Total reflects table 3 figures, in some cases not all pesticides were screened due to multiple labs reporting.

 ^ Only one LOD reference for the pair. Either 1 laboratory reporting or more than one laboratory with the same LOD.

NT No tolerance level was set for that pesticide / commodity pair.

@ All other residues were detected in combination with acephate, for which a tolerance exists.

R Regional tolerance.

Where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (3 times the limit of detection),

the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

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