United States Agricultural Monitoring Programs Office 

 Department of Marketing 8609 Sudley Rd., Ste. 206 

 Agriculture Agriculture Service Manassas, VA 20110 

June 13, 2005 

Dear Reader: 

In March 2005, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Marketing Service released 

the Pesticide Data Program Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003. An incorrect data source 

was inadvertently used to populate the Codex Maximum Residue Limit (MRL)/Extraneous 

Maximum Residue Limit (EMRL) values presented in Appendices E, F, G, H, and I of the 

Annual Summary. The erroneous data which appeared under the “Codex MRL/EMRL ppm” 

column of these appendices have been corrected. Corrections were also made to the cover pages 

for the affected appendices. 

The MRL/EMRL values listed were obtained from: Proc. of Codex Alimentarius 

Commission, Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 36th Session, April 19-24, 2004, 

New Delhi, India and Proc. of Codex Alimentarius Commission, Codex Committee on 

Pesticide Residues, 35th Session (ALINORM), March 31-April 5, 2003, Rotterdam, The 

Netherlands. 

The MRL/EMRL information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Recipients 

are reminded that international regulations and MRLs frequently change and that it is 

important that information obtained from this Summary be verified with knowledgeable 

parties in the market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 

If you have any questions, please contact the Monitoring Programs Office at (703) 330-2300x34. 

Sincerely, 

Martha Lamont 

Martha Lamont 

Director 

Enclosures 
Pesticide Data Program 

Annual Summary Calendar Year 2003 United States 

Department of 

Agriculture 

Agricultural 

Marketing 

Service 

Science and Technology 

Programs 

Visit our Web site at: www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp/ 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

United States 

Department of 

Agriculture 

Marketing and 

Regulatory 

Programs 

Agricultural 

Marketing 

Service 

1400 Independence Ave. 

Washington, DC 

20250 

February 2005 

To the Reader: 

I am pleased to present the Pesticide Data Program’s (PDP) 13th Annual 

Summary, which includes data for calendar year 2003. PDP data continue to 

demonstrate that the Nation’s food supply is among the safest in the world. 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture implemented PDP in May 1991. Since 

then, PDP has tested a wide range of commodities in the U.S. food supply. 

Using a rigorous statistical approach and the most current laboratory methods, 

PDP has tested both fresh and processed fruit and vegetables, grains, milk, 

beef, and poultry. In 2001, PDP introduced testing of finished drinking water. 

PDP data are essential for the implementation of the 1996 Food Quality 

Protection Act, which directs the Secretary of Agriculture to collect pesticide 

residue data on foods most likely consumed by infants and children. The 

Environmental Protection Agency uses PDP data as a critical component of 

pesticide dietary assessments. The extensive and reliable PDP results provide 

realistic exposure information to the EPA assessment process. 

PDP is a partnership with cooperating State agencies responsible for sample 

collection and analysis. Ten States participated in 2003: California, Colorado, 

Florida, Maryland, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and 

Wisconsin. Reliable conclusions about our food supply can be drawn from 

PDP results because these States together represent all regions of the country 

and over half the Nation’s population. 

This Summary’s format is intended to provide the reader with thorough and 

accurate information. A detachable form is included at the end of this report 

for your comments and suggestions on how we can further improve this report. 

Sincerely, 

Kenneth C. Clayton 

Acting Administrator 

AMS-Agricultural Marketing Service 

An Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

Contents Page No.

Participating Organizations.................................................................................................................vii 

Executive Summary ...............................................................................................................................ix 

Acronyms..............................................................................................................................................xii

Section I Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 

Section II Sampling Operations..........................................................................................................4 

 Background................................................................................................................................4 

 Fresh and Processed Fruit and Vegetables ................................................................................5 

 Barley and Wheat Flour.............................................................................................................6 

 Butter .........................................................................................................................................6 

 Drinking Water ..........................................................................................................................9 

 Triazole Sampling Project .........................................................................................................9 

 

Section III Laboratory Operations...................................................................................................10 

 Overview..................................................................................................................................10 

 Fresh and Processed Fruit and Vegetables ..............................................................................10 

 Barley and Wheat Flour...........................................................................................................11 

 Butter .......................................................................................................................................11 

 Drinking Water ........................................................................................................................11 

 Triazole Project........................................................................................................................12 

 Quality Assurance Program.....................................................................................................12 

Section IV Database Management....................................................................................................12 

 Electronic Data Life-Cycle ......................................................................................................12 

 Data Reporting.........................................................................................................................14 

Section V Sample Results and Discussion........................................................................................14 

 Sample Results.........................................................................................................................14 

 National Estimates ...................................................................................................................15 

 Fresh vs. Processed..................................................................................................................17 

 Drinking Water Results ...........................................................................................................18 

 Triazole Results .......................................................................................................................19 

 Import vs. Domestic Residue Comparisons.............................................................................20 

 Postharvest Applications .........................................................................................................20 

 Environmental Contaminants ..................................................................................................20

 Multiple Pesticide Residue Detections ....................................................................................21 

 Tolerance Violations................................................................................................................21 

 Synopsis...................................................................................................................................22 

 

iii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

iv 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

Figures and Tables

Figures Page No. 

 1 Overview of PDP Management and Operations ...............................................................2 

 2 Participating States and Their Geographical Distribution Areas .......................................3 

 3 Commodity Origin .............................................................................................................8 

 4 PDP Data Life Cycle........................................................................................................13 

Tables

 1 Commodity Collection Schedule for 2003.........................................................................5 

 2 Samples Collected by Each Participating State..................................................................7 

 3A Number of Samples and Residues Detected by Commodity ...........................................16 

 3B Triazole Special Survey-Number of Samples and Residues Detected by Commodity....17 

 4 Selected Residue Comparisons, Fresh vs. Processed .......................................................18 

 5 Watershed Classifications ................................................................................................19

Appendices A-N

 Appendix A Commodity History 

 Appendix B Sample Origin by State or Country 

 Appendix C Quality Assurance Program Elements 

 Appendix D Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons 

 Appendix E Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Fruit and Vegetables 

 Appendix F Distribution of Residues for Triazole Special Survey 

 Appendix G Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Barley 

 Appendix H Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Wheat Flour 

 Appendix I Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Butter 

 Appendix J Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Drinking Water 

 Appendix K National Estimates for Concentration Percentiles vs. Tolerance 

 Appendix L Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs 

 Appendix M Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample 

 Appendix N Fruit and Vegetable Samples Reported to FDA as Exceeding the 

 Tolerance or Without Established Tolerance 

v 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

vi 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

Participating Organizations 

The States participating in the Pesticide Data 

program (PDP) deserve special recognition for 

their contributions to the program. The 

dedication and flexibility of sample collectors 

allow the Agricultural Marketing Service 

(AMS) to adjust sampling protocols to respond 

to changing trends in commodity distribution 

and availability. PDP acknowledges the 

contributions of the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture’s (USDA) AMS National Science 

Laboratory and Grain Inspection, Packers and 

Stockyards Administration Laboratory in 

providing testing services to the program and 

the National Agricultural Statistics Service for 

providing statistical support. PDP also 

acknowledges the exceptional support of the 

Health Effects Division staff of the U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of 

Pesticide Programs in helping set the direction 

for PDP. 

 

USDA welcomes all comments on this 

summary and on the PDP. Comments may be 

submitted using the form provided on the final 

page of this report or electronically to 

amsmpo.data@usda.gov. 

Data presented in this report were collected and 

processed through the efforts of the following 

organizations: 

Program Administration

Agricultural Marketing Service

Science and Technology Programs 

1400 Independence Ave., SW. 

South Building, Mail Stop 0222 

Washington, DC 20250 

Deputy Administrator 

Science & Technology Programs: 

Robert L. Epstein 

(202) 720-5231, Facsimile (202) 720-6496 

Monitoring Programs Office 

8609 Sudley Rd., Suite 206 

Manassas, VA 20110 

Director: Martha Lamont 

(703) 330-2300 x17, Facsimile (703) 369-0678 

Deputy Director: Diana Haynes 

(703) 330-2300 x34, Facsimile (703) 369-0678 

Electronic-mail Address: 

amsmpo.data@usda.gov

Web Site: 

http://www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp/

Participating State Agencies

California Department of Food and Agriculture 

California Department of Pesticide Regulation 

Colorado Department of Agriculture 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Maryland Department of Agriculture 

Michigan Department of Agriculture 

New York Department of Agriculture and 

 Markets 

Ohio Department of Agriculture 

Texas Department of Agriculture 

Washington State Department of Agriculture 

Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, 

 and Consumer Protection 

Participating Laboratories

 

California Department of Food and Agriculture 

Division of Inspection Services 

Chemistry Laboratory 

3292 Meadowview Rd. 

Sacramento, CA 95832 

 

Colorado Department of Agriculture 

Inspection & Consumer Services Division 

Laboratory Section 

2331 West 31st Ave. 

Denver, CO 80211-3859 

vii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

Texas Department of Agriculture 

Pesticide Laboratory 

1500 Research Parkway, Ste. B100 

College Station, TX 77845 

United States Department of Agriculture 

Grain Inspection, Packers & Stockyards 

 Administration 

Technical Services Division 

10383 North Ambassador Dr. 

Kansas City, MO 64153-1394 

United States Department of Agriculture 

Agricultural Marketing Service 

National Science Laboratory 

801 Summit Crossing Pl. 

Gastonia, NC 28054 

Washington State Department of Agriculture 

Chemical and Hop Laboratory 

21 N. 1st Ave., Ste. 106 

Yakima, WA 98902 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Chemical Residue Laboratory 

Building #3 

3125 Conner Blvd. 

Tallahassee, FL 32399-1650 

 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Chemical Residue Laboratory 

500 3rd St., NW. 

Winter Haven, FL 33881 

 

Michigan Department of Agriculture 

Laboratory Division 

1615 South Harrison Rd. 

East Lansing, MI 48823-5224 

 

New York Department of Agriculture and 

 Markets 

Food Laboratory 

1220 Washington Ave. 

State Office Campus, Bldg. 7 

Albany, NY 12235 

Ohio Department of Agriculture 

Consumer Analytical Laboratory 

8995 East Main St. 

Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 

 

viii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

In 1991, the U.S. Department of Agriculture 

(USDA) was charged with designing and 

implementing a program to collect data on 

pesticide residues in food. The responsibility 

for this program was given to USDA’s 

Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS). 

This summary of results for 2003 is the 13th

annual summary of the USDA Pesticide Data 

Program (PDP). This publication, the PDP 

database file for 2003, and annual summaries 

and database files for previous years are 

available on the Internet at www.ams.usda. 

gov/science/pdp. Printed copies of all previous 

summary reports are available on request from 

the AMS Monitoring Programs Office (MPO). 

 

Many USDA offices work together to achieve 

the goals and objectives of PDP. The USDA 

National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) 

provides statistically reliable data on chemical 

usage at the State level and collects economic 

data that link chemical usage with economic 

characteristics. USDA’s Economic Research 

Service (ERS) analyzes data from the USDA’s 

AMS and NASS to understand producer 

behavior and to determine the impact various 

production practices, policies, and regulations 

might have on the Nation's agricultural 

production, food supply, and consumers. The 

nationwide food consumption surveys of 

USDA’s Agricultural Research Service provide 

data about the diets of Americans of all ages. 

This survey data can be linked to PDP residue 

data in pesticide exposure assessments. AMS, 

through it’s MPO, oversees the planning and 

policy development for PDP. 

PDP data are used by the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Food and 

Drug Administration (FDA), ERS and USDA’s 

Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), academic 

institutions, groups within the private sector 

representing food producers, chemical 

manufacturers, environmental interest groups, 

and food safety organizations. EPA uses PDP 

data to prepare realistic pesticide dietary 

exposure assessments as part of its ongoing 

effort to implement the 1996 Food Quality 

Protection Act. PDP data are also used by the 

Government and agricultural community to 

examine pesticide residue issues that may affect 

agricultural practices and U.S. trade. PDP data 

are valuable for use in addressing food safety 

issues and in promoting export of U.S. 

commodities, particularly in the competitive 

global market. 

In estimating the potential risks of pesticide 

residues in food, EPA uses a step-wise tiered 

approach. As a first step, EPA may use a 

conservative, worst-case scenario and assume 

that a pesticide is applied to the fullest extent 

permitted by the pesticide label; that is, on every 

acre of each approved crop and at the maximum 

rate and frequency allowed. EPA may also 

assume that residues on treated crops are present 

at the maximum allowed level. Exposure 

estimates based on such assumptions are likely 

to significantly exceed actual exposure. When an 

initial assessment indicates potential risk of 

concern, EPA refines its assessment using 

realistic exposure data. Refinements may 

include the use of additional data such as: (1) the 

percent of a crop treated with a pesticide; (2) 

studies of the effects of washing, cooking, 

processing, and storage; and (3) residue 

monitoring data. At this point, PDP data can be 

pivotal. PDP sampling procedures were designed 

to capture actual residues in the food supply as 

close as possible to the time of consumption. 

PDP concentrates its efforts in providing better 

pesticide residue data on foods that are most 

consumed by children and incorporates 

recommendations made in 1993 by the National 

Academy of Sciences (NAS) in its report 

“Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and 

Children.” 

In 2003, sampling and testing program 

operations were carried out with the support of 

10 States: California, Colorado, Florida, 

ix 

Executive Summary 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

x 

Maryland, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, 

Washington, and Wisconsin. Federal laboratories providing testing services included 

USDA’s AMS National Science Laboratory and 

the Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards 

Administration laboratory. Participating water 

utilities provided the drinking water samples, 

which were tested by the California, Colorado, 

and New York State laboratories. MPO is 

responsible for administering the program, 

coordinating sampling actions, directing technical performance issues and quality assurance 

measures, and managing database activities. 

PDP food sampling is based on a rigorous 

statistical design ensuring that the data are 

reliable for use in exposure assessments and can 

be used to draw various conclusions about the 

Nation’s food supply. Pesticides and 

commodities included each year in PDP are 

selected based on EPA data needs and on 

information about the types and amounts of food 

consumed by infants and children. Fruit and 

vegetable samples collected by each of the 10 

participating States are apportioned according to 

that State’s population. Samples are randomly 

chosen close to the time and point of 

consumption, and reflect what is typically 

available to the consumer throughout the year. 

Samples are selected without regard to country 

of origin or organic labeling. The monthly 

sampling rate is 62 samples per commodity, 

except for highly-seasonal commodities. For 

seasonal commodities, sampling rates are 

adjusted to reflect market availability. 

During 2003, PDP tested fresh and processed 

fruit and vegetables, barley, wheat flour, butter, 

and drinking water for various insecticides, 

herbicides, fungicides, and growth regulators. In 

late 2002, EPA identified the triazole-derivative 

class of fungicides and their metabolites as a 

critical data need. PDP immediately responded 

by developing specialized methods of analysis 

for apples, peaches (fresh and canned), and 

wheat flour. These commodities were introduced 

for triazole and metabolite analyses in January 

2003. Canned peaches and wheat flour were also 

analyzed using multi-residue methods for a 

number of additional pesticide residues. 

Of the 12,316 total samples collected and 

analyzed, 9,732 were fruit and vegetable 

commodities including asparagus (fresh and 

canned), cantaloupe, corn (frozen, sweet), 

cucumbers, green beans (canned), mushrooms, 

onions, peaches (canned), pears, pear juice 

(concentrate and puree), peas (frozen, sweet), 

spinach, sweet bell peppers, sweet potatoes, and 

tomatoes; and apples and fresh peaches, which 

were analyzed only for triazoles. PDP also 

tested 452 barley, 606 wheat flour, 732 butter, 

and 794 drinking water samples. 

Excluding drinking water, approximately 87 

percent of all samples were domestic and 12 

percent were imported. One percent was of 

unknown origin. Asparagus, cantaloupe, cucumbers, sweet bell peppers, and tomatoes accounted 

for most of the imported commodities. 

Of the samples tested by multiresidue methods, 

43 percent of the fruit and vegetable samples, 8 

percent of barley samples, 45 percent of wheat 

flour samples, and 99 percent of the butter 

samples had detectable residues. Residues 

detected in wheat flour resulted primarily from 

low level detections of the triazole alanine and 

triazole acetic acid metabolites. Residue findings 

in butter were primarily low level residues of 

endosulfan sulfate and the environmental 

contaminants dieldrin and DDE p,p’. 

Overall, approximately 54 percent of all samples 

tested by multiresidue methods contained no 

detectable pesticides (parent compound and 

metabolite(s) is combined), 22 percent contained 

one pesticide, and 24 percent contained more 

than one pesticide. Generally, fewer pesticides 

were found in processed products and grains 

than in fresh commodities. Low levels of 

environmental contaminants were detected in 

cantaloupe, cucumbers, spinach, and butter at 

concentrations below levels that trigger 

regulatory actions. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

communicates these findings to FDA when 

they are reported by testing laboratories. 

PDP continuously strives to improve methods 

for the collection, testing, and reporting of 

data. These data are freely available to EPA 

and other Federal and State agencies charged 

with regulating and setting policies on the use 

of pesticides. They are also available to all 

stakeholders by hard copy, Internet, or custom 

reports generated by the office. 

Additional copies of this summary report may 

be obtained by calling the Monitoring 

Programs Office at (703) 330-2300 or by 

mailing the form provided at the end of this 

report. This 2003 PDP Summary is also 

available on the PDP Web site at http://

www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp. 

xi 

In finished drinking water, PDP detected low 

levels (measured in parts per trillion) of some 

pesticides, primarily widely used herbicides. 

None of the detections exceeded established 

EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels or Health 

Advisory levels. 

PDP testing found residues exceeding an 

established tolerance in 0.3 percent of the 11,522 

samples (excluding drinking water). A tolerance 

is the maximum amount of a pesticide residue 

allowable on a raw agricultural commodity. 

Established tolerances are listed in the Code of 

Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180. 

Residues with no established tolerance were 

found in 1.5 percent of all samples (excluding 

drinking water). These residues were detected at 

very low concentrations and may be the result of 

spray drift, crop rotations, or the use of 

sanitizers in food handling establishments. PDP 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

xii 

Acronyms 

AMS Agricultural Marketing Service 

ARS Agricultural Research Service 

CCPR Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues 

CFR Code of Federal Regulations 

CV Coefficient of Variation 

EMRL Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit 

EPA Environmental Protection Agency 

ERS Economic Research Service 

ESA Ethane Sulfonic Acid 

eSIF Electronic Sample Information Form 

FAO Fresh Aquatic Organism 

FAPAS Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme 

FAS Foreign Agricultural Service 

FDA Food and Drug Administration 

FQPA Food Quality Protection Act 

GC Gas Chromatography 

GIPSA Grain Inspections, Packers and Stockyards Administration 

GLPs Good Laboratory Practices 

HA Health Advisory 

HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography 

LC Liquid Chromatography 

LIB Laboratory Information Bulletin 

LOD Limit of Detection 

LOQ Limit of Quantitation 

MCL Maximum Contaminant Level 

MRM Multiresidue Method 

MRL Maximum Residue Limit 

MS Mass Spectrometry 

NAS National Academy of Sciences 

NASS National Agricultural Statistics Service 

NSL National Science Laboratory 

OA Oxanilic Acid 

OPMP Office of Pest Management Policy 

PAM Pesticide Analytical Manual 

PDP Pesticide Data Program 

ppb parts per billion 

ppm parts per million 

ppt parts per trillion 

QA Quality Assurance 

QA/QC Quality Assurance/Quality Control 

QAO Quality Assurance Officer 

QAU Quality Assurance Unit 

QuEChERS Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe 

SIF Sample Information Form 

SOP Standard Operating Procedure 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

xiii 

SPE Solid Phase Extraction 

SQL Structured Query Language

SSL Secure Sockets Layer 

RDE Remote Data Entry 

T-D Triazole-Derivative 

USDA United States Department of Agriculture 

USGS United States Geological Survey 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

xiv 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

1 

I. Introduction 

The Pesticide Data Program (PDP) was initiated 

in 1991 to collect data on pesticide residues in 

food. As illustrated in Figure 1, there are three 

major components to this program: sample 

collection, laboratory analysis, and database 

management. In 2003, all samples except 

drinking water samples were collected by 10 

States (California, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, 

Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, 

and Wisconsin) through cooperative agreements 

with their respective agencies. Water sampling 

was conducted by participating drinking water 

treatment facility personnel in five States 

(California, Colorado, Kansas, New York, and 

Texas). Laboratory services were provided by 

eight States (California, Colorado, Florida, 

Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, and 

Washington) and two Federal laboratories: the 

U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) 

Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) National 

Science Laboratory (NSL) and Grain Inspection, 

Packers, and Stockyards Administration 

(GIPSA) laboratory. The AMS Monitoring 

Programs Office (MPO) is responsible for 

administrative, sampling, technical, and database 

activities. 

The 10 States participating in PDP are shown in 

Figure 2 as well as the 13 neighboring States that 

are in the direct distribution networks of the PDP 

participating States. These neighboring States 

are Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, 

Idaho, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Jersey, New 

Mexico, Oklahoma, Vermont, Virginia, and 

Wyoming. Together, these States represent about 

50 percent of the Nation's population and all 4 

census regions of the United States. These States 

also represent the major producers of fruit and 

vegetables. Water sites are selected in 

collaboration with EPA based on data needs. 

AMS works closely with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to select 

commodities and pesticides for PDP testing. 

Commodities selected are those most often 

consumed by the U.S. consumers, with 

emphasis on foods consumed by infants and 

children. The 20 commodities sampled and 

analyzed this year were asparagus (fresh and 

canned), barley, butter, cantaloupe, sweet corn 

(frozen), cucumbers, green beans (canned), 

mushrooms, onions, peaches (canned), pears, 

pear juice (concentrate and puree), sweet peas 

(frozen), spinach, sweet bell peppers, sweet 

potatoes, tomatoes, water, and wheat flour; and 

apples and fresh peaches which were analyzed 

only for triazoles. 

Fruit and vegetable samples are collected at 

sites as close to the time and point of 

consumption as possible. These sites include 

terminal markets and large chain store 

distribution centers from which food 

commodities are supplied to supermarkets and 

grocery stores. Sampling at these locations 

allows for residue measurements that include 

pesticides applied during crop production and 

those applied after harvest (such as fungicides 

and growth regulators) and takes into account 

residue degradation while food commodities are 

in storage. Participation as a PDP sampling site 

is voluntary, which sets it apart from State and 

Federal enforcement programs. In 2003, more 

than 500 sites granted access and provided 

information, including site volume data, to 

sample collectors. This voluntary cooperation is 

important to PDP and makes it possible to 

adjust sampling protocols in response to 

fluctuations in food distribution and production. 

Sampling sites are proprietary program 

information and specific site locations are not 

disclosed. 

Pesticide Data Program (PDP) 

Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003

This summary consists of the following sections: (I.) Introduction, (II.) Sampling Operations, 

(III.) Laboratory Operations, (IV.) Database Management, and (V.) Sample Results and Discussion 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

2 

Figure 1. Overview of PDP Management and Operations

Main Objectives

• Provide EPA with high-quality data on residues in food, particularly foods most 

consumed by infants and children-the data are used for dietary risk assessments and 

pesticide reregistration under the requirements of the Food Quality Protection Act 

• Address USDA’s FQPA responsibilities 

• Provide data on pesticide residues which may affect good agricultural practices 

relating to integrated pest management objectives 

• Provide data for reregistration of minor use crops 

• Support Foreign Agricultural Service’s international marketing of U.S. commodities 

• Support USDA’s participation on the Codex Alimentarius Commission 

Sample Collection

• Statistically reliable sampling plan 

• Data used to make national 

inferences 

• Collection near consumer level 

• About 50% of U.S. population 

represented 

• Origin of product retained 

• Postharvest fungicide treatments 

reflected 

USDA Laboratories - 2003

• AMS National Science Laboratory, Gastonia, NC 

• GIPSA, Technical Services Division, Kansas City, MO 

Laboratory Analysis

• Samples prepared as if for 

consumption 

• State-of-the-art instrumentation 

• Detection at very low levels 

• QA based on EPA Good Laboratory 

Practices 

• Verification of detected pesticides 

• Multi-residue detection method 

• Standard Operating Procedures 

Database Management

• Customized query capability 

• Electronic transmission of data 

• Standardized data summaries 

• Data available on Internet 

Participating States - 2003

• California • New York 

• Colorado • Ohio 

• Florida • Texas 

• Maryland • Washington 

• Michigan • Wisconsin 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

3 

Pesticides screened by PDP include compounds 

for which toxicity data and preliminary estimates 

of dietary exposure indicate the need for more 

extensive residue data. PDP also monitored 

pesticides for which EPA had modified use 

directions (i.e., reduced application rates or 

frequency) as part of risk mitigation requirements. See appendices for a comprehensive list 

of pesticides in the program. PDP reviews and 

updates commodities and pesticides in the 

program to address EPA data needs. 

During late 2002, EPA identified the triazolederivative class of fungicides and their 

associated metabolites as a critical data need. 

PDP immediately responded by developing 

specialized methods of analysis for apples, 

peaches (fresh and canned), and wheat flour. 

These commodities were introduced for triazole 

and metabolite analyses in January 2003. In 

addition, canned peaches and wheat flour were 

analyzed using multiresidue methods for a 

number of additional pesticide residues. 

PDP has an important role in the 

implementation of the 1996 Food Quality 

Protection Act (FQPA). This law directs the 

Secretary of Agriculture to collect pesticide 

residue data on commodities highly consumed 

by infants and children. PDP data are used by 

EPA to review the safety of existing tolerances 

(maximum residue limits). Other Government 

agencies and industry have used PDP data to 

promote the export of U.S. commodities to 

international markets. 

Customized queries of the PDP database were 

requested from various sources to support risk 

assessment and pesticide information priorities. 

For example, PDP has generated customized 

datasets and reports for EPA, other Federal and 

State agencies, grower groups, chemical manufacturers, and universities to provide residue 

findings for specific commodity/pesticide pairs. 

Data can be sorted by data elements such as 

sample origin, product type, and date of 

collection. 

Figure 2. Participating States and their Geographical Distribution Areas 

States where produce is directly 

marketed from participating States 

Nevada 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Mexico 

New 

Hawaii 

Alaska 

Virginia 

Delaware 

Maryland 

Connecticut 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 

Vermont 

Ohio New Jersey 

Florida 

Wisconsin 

New 

York 

Texas 

Colorado 

Washington 

California 

Participating States 

Oklahoma 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

4 

PDP has also provided data to the Codex 

Alimentarius Commission for use in the Codex 

Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR) 

method uncertainty trials. Data submitted 

included methods of analysis, residues detected, 

and recovery, replicate, and proficiency testing 

data. 

Because PDP collects data on food commodities primarily for exposure assessment 

evaluations, program operations differ markedly 

from those followed by regulatory monitoring 

programs for tolerance enforcement. PDP 

samples are collected close to the point of 

consumption and are prepared emulating 

consumer practices. Sampling is based on EPA 

data needs and does not interfere with 

commodity distribution. Laboratory operations 

are designed to achieve the lowest detectable 

levels rather than quick sample turn around. As 

a dietary risk assessment program, PDP’s 

primary efforts are focused on testing registered 

uses for commodities in the program. PDP is 

not a regulatory program and screening for nonregistered uses, although not required, is an 

added benefit. Appendix A identifies the 

commodity history in PDP from the beginning 

of the program in 1991 through 2004. 

II. Sampling Operations 

♦ Background 

The goal of the PDP sampling program is to 

obtain a statistically defensible representation of 

the U.S. food supply. In this manner, PDP data 

reflect actual pesticide residue exposure from 

food. Using a rigorous statistical design, PDP 

has developed extensive procedures to ensure 

that samples are selected randomly from the 

National food distribution system and reflect 

what is typically available to the consumer. The 

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for PDP 

sampling are available on the Internet at 

www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp. 

Fruit, vegetable, and grain samples were 

collected by trained State inspectors at terminal 

markets and large chain store distribution 

centers across the country. At these locations, 

information is usually available about the 

identity and origin of the sample. Water 

samples were collected by water treatment 

facility personnel. Information on all samples 

was captured for inclusion in PDP database 

files. 

PDP sample origin data identify the State or 

country where the commodity was produced. A 

comparison of PDP sample origin data to State 

production and import data collected by 

USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics 

Service (NASS) shows that PDP sampling is 

representative of the U.S. food supply. PDP 

sampling operations are adjusted according to 

product availability. The number of food 

samples collected in each participating State is 

determined by State population. The 

commodity collection schedule for 2003 is 

shown in Table 1. 

SOPs provide criteria for site selection and 

specific instructions for sample selection, 

shipping and handling, and chain-of-custody. 

SOPs are updated as needed and serve as a 

technical reference in conducting program 

sampling reviews to ensure that program goals 

and objectives are met. 

PDP Sample Information Forms (SIFs) are 

used for chain-of-custody and to capture 

necessary information needed to characterize 

the sample. Sample collectors use the forms to 

record information such as (1) the State of 

sample collection, (2) the collection date, (3) 

the sampling site (four-digit code), (4) the 

commodity code, and (5) the testing laboratory 

code. Information from these five data 

elements is combined to form a unique PDP 

sample identification number for each sample. 

Other information recorded about each sample 

includes the State or country of origin, product 

variety, production claims (such as organically 

grown), or any postharvest chemical applications. Commodities are shipped by overnight 

delivery and with the use of gel cold packs as 

appropriate to maintain sample integrity. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

5 

♦ Fresh and Processed Fruit and 

 Vegetables 

Approximately 79 percent of all samples 

collected and analyzed were fruit and vegetables, including fresh and processed products. 

Fresh commodities were asparagus, cantaloupe, 

cucumbers, mushrooms, onions, pears, spinach, 

sweet bell peppers, sweet potatoes and 

tomatoes; and apples and peaches, which were 

analyzed only for triazoles. The processed 

commodities included asparagus (canned), butter, sweet corn (frozen), green beans (canned), 

peaches (canned), pear juice (concentrate and 

puree), and sweet peas (frozen). All fresh and 

frozen fruit and vegetable samples weigh either 

3 or 5 pounds depending on commodity. The 

weight of samples of canned commodities may 

vary, but usually ranges from 1 to 3 pounds. 

Samples were collected at either terminal 

markets or large chain store distribution centers. 

Participating State agencies compile and 

maintain lists of sampling sites. The States 

provide AMS and NASS with annual volume 

information for commodities distributed at each 

site. This information is used to weight the site 

to determine the probability for sample 

selection. For example, a weight of 10 may be 

given to a site that distributes 100,000 pounds 

of produce annually and a weight of 1 given to 

a site that distributes 10,000 pounds. The 

Commodity Jan-Mar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct-Dec 

Apples* X X X X 

Asparagus, Canned X X 

Asparagus, Fresh X X 

Barley X X X 

Butter X X X X 

Cantaloupe X 

Cucumbers X X X X 

Green Beans, Canned X X X X 

Mushrooms X X X 

Onions X X X X 

Peaches, Canned X X X X 

Peaches, Fresh* X X 

Pear Juice, Concentrate/Puree X X 

Pears, Fresh X 

Spinach X X X X 

Sweet Bell Peppers X X X X 

Sweet Corn, Frozen X X X 

Sweet Peas, Frozen X X X 

Sweet Potatoes X X X X 

Tomatoes X X X X 

Water, Finished Drinking X X X X 

Wheat Flour X X X X 

Table 1. Commodity Collection Schedule for 2003 

X = Sample Collection 

* = Analyzed for triazole fungicides and metabolites only 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

6 

probability-proportionate-to-size method of site 

selection then results in the larger site being 10 

times more likely to be selected for sampling 

than the smaller site. Participating States work 

with NASS to develop statistical procedures for 

site weighting and selection. States are also 

given the option of having NASS perform their 

quarterly site selection. The number of sampling 

sites and the volume of produce distributed by 

the sites vary greatly between States. Sampling 

plans, including sampling dates, sites (primary 

and alternate), targeted commodities, and testing 

laboratories, are prepared by each State on a 

quarterly basis. Collection of commodities is 

randomly assigned to weeks of the month, prior 

to selection of specific sampling dates within a 

week. Because sampling sites are selected for 

the entire quarter, States may assign the sites to 

particular months based on geographic location. 

State population figures are used to assign the 

number of fruit and vegetable samples scheduled 

for collection each month. These populationbased numbers are as follows: California, 14; 

Colorado, 2; Florida, 7; Maryland, 4; Michigan, 

6; New York, 9; Ohio, 6; Texas, 8; Washington, 

4; and Wisconsin, 2. This schedule results in a 

monthly target of 62 samples per commodity, or 

744 samples of each commodity per year. 

Commodities are transshipped to designated 

laboratories so that analytical efforts can target 

commodity-specific data needs according to 

agricultural uses. With the exception of samples 

collected in California and Maryland, all fruit 

and vegetable samples for a given commodity 

are assigned to one laboratory facility. For 

example, a facility may be assigned all canned 

peaches and tomatoes for the time that those 

commodities are in the program, generally two 

years. 

The collection of pear juice concentrate/puree 

was a limited, specially focused survey 

conducted between July 2002 and June 2003. 

Sixty-six samples were collected and analyzed. 

Sample collection methods differed from those 

used for other produce. Because pear juice 

concentrate/puree is usually processed into 50-

gallon drums for distribution and use in other 

food processing facilities, sampling was 

accomplished through the use of uniquely 

designed sampling kits that were supplied by 

contract to pear juice producers. Samples were 

collected by the producer and sent directly to a 

State laboratory for analysis. 

Excluding pear juice, a total of 9,666 fresh and 

processed fruit and vegetable samples were 

collected and analyzed during 2003. The number 

of samples collected per State is shown in Table 

2. The total number of samples per commodity, 

including pear juice, and the percentage of each 

that were of domestic, imported, or unknown 

origin, is shown in Figure 3. Fruit and vegetable 

samples originated from 41 States and 24 foreign 

countries (Appendix B). 

♦ Barley and Wheat Flour 

PDP collected and analyzed 452 samples of 

regular milled, pearl, pot, or scotch barley and 

606 samples of bleached, white, enriched wheat 

flour. Barley originated from 19 States (97% of 

total) and 2 foreign countries (2% of total); 

wheat flour originated from 25 States (99% of 

total) and 1 foreign country (<1% of total). One 

percent of the barley samples and less than one 

percent of the wheat flour samples were of 

unknown origin. Refer to Appendix B for 

detailed sample origin information. Threepound samples of barley and five-pound samples 

of wheat flour were collected from routine PDP 

sampling sites. Analysis was performed by the 

GIPSA laboratory in Kansas City, MO. 

♦ Butter 

PDP collected and analyzed 732 samples of 

butter. Target samples were one-pound varieties 

that included salted or unsalted sweet butter in 

cubes or sticks. Samples originating in 25 States 

and were collected and shipped to the AMS NSL 

in Gastonia, NC, for analysis. Sampling began 

January 2003 and ended December 2003. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

7 

State AP AS CN CU MU ON PC PE PP SP SW TO 

Total 

 Fresh 

California 168 82 42 167 124 168 60 42 168 168 167 168 1,524 

Colorado 24 12 6 24 18 22 10 6 24 22 24 24 216 

Florida 84 42 21 84 63 84 31 21 84 84 84 84 766 

Maryland 48 19 12 47 34 48 15 12 45 46 46 48 420 

Michigan 72 34 18 72 53 72 25 18 72 72 71 71 650 

New York 108 54 27 108 81 108 45 28 108 108 108 108 991 

Ohio 72 28 18 71 54 72 21 18 72 71 71 72 640 

Texas 96 45 24 94 71 95 35 24 96 94 92 95 861 

Washington 48 23 12 48 36 48 18 12 48 47 47 48 435 

Wisconsin 24 12 6 24 18 24 9 6 24 24 24 24 219 

 744 351 186 739 552 741 269 187 741 736 734 742 6,722 

State AA CC CS GB PS 

Total 

Processed Total F&V 

California 84 168 124 167 125 668 2,192 

Colorado 12 26 18 24 18 98 314 

Florida 42 86 63 84 63 338 1,104 

Maryland 17 48 29 48 29 171 591 

Michigan 29 74 54 72 54 283 933 

New York 54 110 81 108 81 434 1,425 

Ohio 34 72 54 72 55 287 927 

Texas 47 95 71 96 71 380 1,241 

Washington 23 48 36 48 35 190 625 

Wisconsin 12 24 17 24 18 95 314 

 354 751 547 743 549 2,944 9,666 

BY 

123 

17 

29 

34 

50 

80 

38 

33 

36 

12 

452 

WF 

133 

19 

81 

41 

59 

102 

69 

43 

46 

13 

606 

BU 

166 

24 

82 

48 

72 

108 

72 

93 

48 

19 

732 

Processed Fruit and Vegetables * 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables 

Grain 

Product 

Table 2. Samples Collected by Each Participating State 

AA = Asparagus (Canned) CS = Sweet Corn (Frozen) PS = Sweet Peas (Frozen) 

AP = Apples GB = Green Beans (Canned) SP = Spinach 

AS = Asparagus (Fresh) MU = Mushrooms SW = Sweet Potatoes 

BU = Butter ON = Onions TO = Tomatoes 

BY = Barley PC = Peaches (Fresh) WF = Wheat Flour 

CC = Peaches (Canned) PE = Pears (Fresh) 

CN = Cantaloupe PP = Sweet Bell Peppers 

Commodities 

Dairy 

 Product 

* Table 2 does not show the 66 pear juice concentrate/puree samples that were sent directly to a PDP laboratory 

for analysis from processing facilities in California, Florida, Oregon, and Washington. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

8 

Spinach (736 Samples)

Figure 3. Commodity Origin 

A. Fresh Commodities 

Apples (744 Samples) Asparagus (351 Samples) Cantaloupe (186 Samples)

Domestic 50.7% Import 77.4% Domestic 92.2% 

Import 49.0% 

Import 7.5% 

Unknown 0.3% 

Cucumbers (739 Samples) Mushrooms (552 Samples) Onions (741 Samples)

Unknown 4.1% 

Domestic 85.0% 

Import 10.9% 

Domestic 50.7% Domestic 88.5% 

Import 47.3% 

Unknown 2.0% 

Peaches (269 Samples) Pears (187 Samples) Sweet Peppers (741 Sampl

Unknown 0.5% 

Domestic 98.4% 

Import 1.1% 

Domestic 99.3% Domestic 69.6% 

Import 28.6% 

Unknown 1.8% 

Sweet Potatoes (734 Sampl Tomatoes (742 Samples)

Unknown 2.3% 

Import 29.1% 

Domestic 68.6% Domestic 94.4% 

Import 5.3% 

Unknown 0.3% 

Unknown 0.7% 

Import 10.3% 

Unknown 1.2% 

Sweet Peppers (741 Samples) 

Unknown 0.3% 

Import 22.1% 

Unknown 0.5% 

Unknown 2.5% 

Import 0.3% 

Domestic 97.2% 

Sweet Potatoes (734 Samples) 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

9 

♦ Drinking Water 

PDP collected 794 samples from community 

water systems in California, Colorado, Kansas, 

New York, and Texas. Samples were collected 

weekly by each treatment facility and sent to 

State laboratories for analysis. Water testing was 

started in 2001 starting with sites in California 

and New York. At that time, samples from these 

States were collected bi-monthly at 11 sites in 

California and 11 sites in New York. In 2002, 

five new sites were added in Colorado, Kansas, 

and Texas. The sites in California and New York 

reflect two highly populated regions with 

divergent climates and hydrogeological settings. 

These sites reflect the diversity of land uses 

within the two States and include metropolitan 

areas, agricultural regions, and protected 

watersheds. 

The sites in Colorado (2 sites), Kansas (2 sites), 

and Texas (1 site) are small rural community 

water systems in regions where the U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 

specifically requested monitoring data. These 

sites serve populations of fewer than 50,000 

people, use surface water, and are regions for 

which EPA had ancillary data (such as 

agricultural pesticide usage). Treatment method 

was not part of the selection criteria. 

♦ Triazole Sampling Project 

In addition to routine apple, peach, and wheat 

flour sampling for multiresidue and triazole 

analyses, PDP conducted a special sampling 

project from July through December 2003. In 

response to an urgent EPA data request, PDP 

coordinated with industry to collect banana, egg, 

grape, milk, and peanut butter samples for 

triazole analysis. Approximately 1,850 samples 

were collected by PDP in 10 different States and 

shipped to private contract laboratories for 

analysis. Results of this special sampling project 

are not presented this summary. 

Triazole alanine, triazole acetic acid, and 1,2,4-

triazole are unregulated metabolites common to 

B. Processed Commodities 

Asparagus (354 Samples)

Domestic 95.8% 

Import 3.7% 

Unknown 0.6% 

Green Beans (743 Samples)

Unknown 0.6% 

Domestic 97.7% 

Import 1.7% 

Canned Green Beans (743 Samples) 

Pear Juice (66 Samples)

Domestic 84.8% 

Import 10.6% 

Unknown 4.6% 

Peaches (751 Samples)

Domestic 95.5% 

Unknown 0.4% 

Import 4.1% 

Canned Asparagus (354 Samples) Canned Peaches (751 Samples) 

Sweet Corn (547 Samples)

Domestic 95.8% 

Import 3.3% 

Unknown 0.9% 

Frozen Sweet Corn (547 Samples) Sweet Peas (549 Samples)

Domestic 92.5% 

Import 7.1% 

Unknown 0.4% 

Frozen Sweet Peas (549 Samples) 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

10 

many triazole compounds although their 

presence cannot be attributed to any one parent 

compound. EPA is presently evaluating the 

available data to determine if these compounds 

should be included in the tolerance expression 

(i.e. regulated) for some or all of the parent 

compounds. Because of possible human toxicity 

concerns, EPA has specifically requested that 

data be collected for these three compounds to 

help provide a comprehensive health risk 

assessment for the parent compounds. 

III. Laboratory Operations

♦ Overview 

Ten laboratories (8 State and 2 Federal) 

performed analyses for PDP. These laboratories 

are equipped with instrumentation capable of 

detecting residues at very low levels. The 

laboratory staff receives intensive training and 

must demonstrate analytical proficiency on a 

periodic basis. Program scientists continuously 

test new technologies and develop new 

techniques to improve the levels of detection. 

Major changes in methodology are evaluated 

and their soundness demonstrated and 

documented in accordance with PDP SOPs. 

♦ Fresh and Processed Fruit and 

 Vegetables 

PDP participating laboratories analyzing fruit 

and vegetables monitored 178 pesticides plus 60 

metabolites, degradates, and isomers using 

multiresidue methods (MRMs). Upon arrival at 

the testing facility, samples are visually 

examined for acceptability and discarded if 

determined to be inedible (decayed, extensively 

bruised, or spoiled). Accepted samples are then 

prepared emulating the practices of the average 

consumer to more closely represent actual 

exposure to residues. Fresh samples are prepared 

as follows: (1) apples are washed with stems 

and cores removed; (2) asparagus and spinach 

have inedible portions removed and are washed; 

(3) cantaloupes are cut in half and seeds and 

rinds are removed; (4) cucumbers, mushrooms 

and sweet potatoes are washed with inedible 

portions removed; (5) onions are peeled and 

washed; (6) peaches are washed, the stems and 

leaves removed, and pitted; (7) pears are washed 

with the stems and cores removed; (8) sweet bell 

peppers are washed with stems, cores and seeds 

removed; and (9) tomatoes are washed and stems 

removed. Processed samples (canned and frozen) 

of fruit and vegetables are homogenized with 

their entire contents, including any liquid 

present. 

Laboratories are permitted to refrigerate fresh 

incoming fruit and vegetable samples of the 

same commodity for up to 72 hours to allow for 

different sample arrival times from collection 

sites. Frozen and canned commodities may be 

held in storage (freezer or shelf) until the entire 

sample set is ready for analysis. Samples are 

homogenized using choppers and/or blenders 

and separated into analytical portions (aliquots) 

for analysis. If testing cannot be performed 

immediately, the entire analytical set is frozen at 

-40°C or lower, according to PDP’s Quality 

Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) requirements. Surplus aliquots not used for the initial 

testing are retained frozen in the event that 

replication of analysis or verification testing is 

required. 

For analysis of fruit and vegetables, variations 

and combinations of the FDA Luke I (Section 

302 of Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM) I) 

and Luke II (FDA Laboratory Information 

Bulletin (LIB) 3896) extraction procedures are 

used by PDP laboratories in Ohio and Texas. 

California and Washington use modifications of 

the MRM developed by the California 

Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA). 

New York uses a method based on the 

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada solid phase 

extraction (SPE) method with some 

modifications based on the Luke procedure. 

During the first portion of 2003, Florida used a 

variation of the CDFA MRM and Michigan used 

a variation of the Luke procedure. During the 

latter part of 2003, Florida and Michigan 

validated a new method, the QuEChERS 

method, developed and published in July 2003 

by the USDA Agricultural Research Service 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

11 

(ARS). They used this method to analyze PDP 

samples collected during late 2003. All MRMs 

are determined, through method validation 

procedures, to produce equivalent data for PDP 

analytical purposes. Residues are extracted from 

samples with the use of organic solvents 

followed by various cleanup procedures such as 

SPE. 

 

Gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC), coupled with selective detectors 

and mass spectrometry (MS) systems, are used 

for the initial identification and quantitation of 

pesticides. Laboratories are increasing their use 

of GC and LC/MS-MS tandem systems and are 

specifically focusing on LC/MS techniques to 

broaden the scope of testing and keep pace with 

emerging analyte chemistries. All residues 

initially identified must be verified. Confirmation is accomplished by MS, alternate 

detection systems, or alternate chromatographic 

behavior. Verification is considered crucial due 

to the complexity of commodity matrices and 

the low concentration levels of detected 

residues. The verification process provides an 

extra measure of confidence in the identification 

of both the pesticide residue and its 

concentration. 

♦ Barley and Wheat Flour 

The USDA GIPSA laboratory in Kansas City, 

MO, analyzed barley samples for 43 pesticides 

plus 10 metabolites and isomers and wheat flour 

samples for 57 pesticides plus 13 metabolites 

and isomers. On arrival at the testing facility, 

samples are visually examined for acceptability 

and discarded if spoiled or otherwise inedible. 

Barley samples were ground before being 

analyzed. Surplus sample aliquots, not used for 

the initial testing, were retained refrigerated in 

the event that replication of analysis or 

verification testing was required. Extraction of 

barley and wheat flour samples was 

accomplished using solvent extraction and SPE 

cleanup coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) 

detection or post-column derivatization, high 

performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 

detection systems. 

♦ Butter 

The USDA AMS National Science Laboratory 

in Gastonia, NC, monitored butter samples for 

89 pesticides plus 18 metabolites, degradates, 

and isomers. Upon arrival at the testing facility, 

samples were visually examined for acceptability and discarded if spoiled. Samples were 

refrigerated until homogenized. Generally, onepound samples consisting of four one-quarter 

pound units were received. These one-quarter 

pound units were separated into roughly four 

equivalent pieces. Each piece was mixed with a 

piece from each of the other three portions to 

ensure homogeneity. The sample was then 

uniformly mixed and extracted using solvent 

extraction followed by SPE cleanup. Samples 

were analyzed using MS detection, selective 

detectors, or post-column derivatization HPLC.

♦ Drinking Water

The California, Colorado, and New York 

laboratories analyzed drinking water for 

approximately 169 pesticides plus 61 metabolites and isomers determined as compounds of 

interest based on consultations with EPA and 

multiresidue feasibility. Each sample consisted 

of three one-liter amber glass bottles collected 

at the water treatment facility. Upon arrival at 

the testing laboratory, samples were visually 

examined for acceptability and discarded if 

warm to the touch or leaking. Samples were 

refrigerated until time of analysis and extracted 

within 96 hours of collection. A one-liter bottle 

was extracted for compounds amenable to GC 

analysis and one for compounds amenable to 

HPLC analysis. The remaining bottle was held 

in reserve or extracted for specialty compounds 

requiring separate extraction/analytical procedures [e.g., ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and 

oxanilic acid (OA) analogues of alachlor, 

acetochlor, and metolachlor]. Extraction methods used were based on SPE methods 

developed by the U.S. Geological Survey 

(USGS) and were independently validated by 

each testing laboratory. Samples were analyzed 

using MS detection (single and tandem GC and 

HPLC technologies), selective detectors, or 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

12 

post-column derivatization HPLC detection 

systems. 

♦ Triazole Project 

Beginning in January 2003, State laboratories in 

New York and Washington and the USDA 

GIPSA laboratory in Kansas City, MO, 

participated in a full-year special monitoring 

study of the triazole-derivative class of fungicides including three metabolites, 1,2,4-triazole, 

triazole acetic acid, and triazole alanine. These 

laboratories performed the analyses using LC 

coupled with tandem MS in order to achieve the 

low parts per billion (ppb) detection limits 

required for dietary risk assessment. EPA and 

the State laboratories worked with chemists 

from the crop protection industry to develop 

and validate methods of analysis with the 

required low detection limits. The New York 

laboratory analyzed fresh and canned peaches, 

the Washington laboratory analyzed apples, and 

GIPSA analyzed wheat flour. Testing for the 

three common metabolites required development of special analytical techniques in addition 

to the more conventional PDP multiresidue 

methods. The remaining 19 target parent 

compounds, isomers, and other metabolites 

were determined by GC coupled with MS 

detection or LC/MS-MS. 

Several commodities were tested for residues of 

triazole fungicides and their metabolites. 

Apples (744 samples) and fresh peaches (269 

samples) were tested exclusively for triazole 

fungicides and their metabolites whereas 

canned peaches and wheat flour were also 

tested for other classes of pesticides. For canned 

peaches, 371 of the 751 samples were tested for 

triazole fungicides and their metabolites as well 

as other classes of pesticides. All 606 of the 

wheat flour samples were tested for triazole 

fungicides and their metabolites as well as other 

classes of pesticides. 

♦ Quality Assurance Program 

The primary objectives of the quality assurance/

quality control (QA/QC) program are to ensure 

the reliability of PDP data and the performance 

equivalency of the participating laboratories. 

Direction for the PDP Quality Assurance (QA) 

program is provided through SOPs based on 

EPA Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs). A QA 

Committee, comprised of program Quality 

Assurance Officers (QAOs), is responsible for 

annually reviewing program SOPs and 

addressing QA issues. For day-to-day quality 

assurance oversight, PDP relies on the Quality 

Assurance Unit (QAU) at each participating 

facility. As required under EPA GLPs, the QAU 

operates independently from the laboratory 

staff. Preliminary data review procedures are 

performed on-site by each laboratory’s QAU. 

Final review procedures are performed by PDP 

staff who are responsible for collating and 

reviewing data for conformance with SOPs. 

Additionally, PDP staff also monitors the 

participants’ performance through proficiency 

testing samples, QAU quarterly internal reviews, 

and on-site visits. Additional information on the 

PDP QA program is provided in Appendix C. 

IV. Database Management

 

PDP maintains an electronic database residing 

at the MPO in Manassas, VA, that serves as a 

central data repository. The data captured and 

stored in the PDP database include product 

information, residue findings, and process 

control recoveries for each sample analyzed, in 

addition to QA/QC fortified recoveries for each 

set of samples. Each calendar year survey is 

stored in a separate database structure, allowing 

easier administration and data reporting. The 

PDP data life cycle is illustrated in Figure 4. 

♦ Electronic Data Life Cycle

 

PDP utilizes a Remote Data Entry (RDE) 

system, a customized software application that 

allows participating State and Federal 

laboratories to enter and transmit data 

electronically. The RDE system is centralized 

with all user interface software and database 

files residing in Washington, DC. The 

laboratory users need only a Web browser to 

interface with the RDE system. Access is 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

13 

Figure 4. PDP Data Life Cycle 

Sample Collection

- Collection in 10 States 

- Samples taken close to consumer 

- Standardized Sample Information Form 

- Data entry on handheld/laptop computers 

- 8 State labs + 2 USDA labs 

- Samples prepared for consumption 

- Detect residues at low levels 

Laboratory Analysis 

Laboratory Remote Data Entry (RDE) 

- Chemists review data on-screen 

- Upload data to central database 

- Web-based data entry software 

- Import data from other systems 

- Access controlled by user login 

- Extensive data cross-checks 

Internet 

- Centralized data storage 

- Encrypted data transmissions 

Internet 

- Data reconciliation 

- Standard & adhoc reporting 

Data Review at HQ Year-end Review Data Reporting 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

14 

controlled through separate user login/password 

accounts and user access rights for the various 

system functions based on position requirements. 

The RDE system utilizes Secure Sockets Layer 

(SSL) technology to encrypt all data passed 

between users’ computers and the central Web 

server. A separate Windows-based system 

allows sample collectors to capture the 

standardized Sample Information Form electronically on handheld or laptop computers. The 

electronic Sample Information Form (e-SIF) 

system generates formatted text files containing 

sample information that are e-mailed to PDP 

headquarters and then imported into the Webbased RDE system. 

The RDE data entry screens have extensive edits 

and cross-checks built into the software to ensure 

that valid values are entered for all critical data 

elements. This task is made easier by the practice 

of capturing and storing standardized codes for 

all critical alphanumeric data elements rather 

than their complete names, meanings, or 

descriptions. This coding scheme allows for 

faster and more accurate data entry, saves disk 

storage space, and allows the user to easily 

perform adhoc queries (data searches) on the 

database. The data entry screens also perform 

edits on numeric fields, dates, and other 

character fields to ensure that entries are within 

prescribed boundaries. 

At PDP headquarters, the RDE system allows 

staff chemists to review the data on-line and then 

to mark the data as ready-for-upload to the 

central PDP database. A separate upload 

application converts and passes the data to the 

PDP database which is presently maintained 

using Microsoft® Access in a Windows® 2000 

operating environment. Access to the central 

PDP database is limited to PDP staff personnel 

only and is controlled through password 

protection and user access rights. System backups are performed each night and back-up tapes 

are sent to off-site storage once a week. 

♦ Data Reporting 

The PDP staff receives and responds to requests 

for data from Government agencies and 

interested outside parties. Adhoc queries and 

custom reports are generated to fill such 

requests. An electronic library of data queries is 

maintained to generate standardized data 

summaries, including the data tables, charts, and 

appendices in this annual summary. Subsets of 

the PDP calendar year databases are made 

available for download from the PDP Web site. 

The data files on the Web site are fixed-length 

text files that contain a portion of the sampling 

data, all of the reported residue findings, and 

reference lists that can be used to interpret the 

standardized codes used in the PDP data. The 

data files can be imported into defined database 

structures and manipulated with the use of most 

database management software packages. 

V. Sample Results and Discussion

♦ Sample Results

 

In 2003, PDP conducted surveys on various 

foods including fresh and processed fruit and 

vegetables, barley, wheat flour, butter, and 

drinking water. Of the 12,316 samples collected 

and analyzed, 9,732 were fruit and vegetable 

commodities, 452 were barley samples, 606

were wheat flour samples, 732 were butter 

samples, and 794 were drinking water samples. 

Of the samples tested by MRMs, 43 percent of 

the fruit and vegetable samples (fresh and 

processed) had detectable residues. Residues 

also were detected in 8 percent of the barley 

samples, 45 percent of the wheat flour samples, 

and 99 percent of the butter samples. 

Approximately 87 percent of all samples were 

domestic, 12 percent were imports, and 1 percent 

was of unknown origin. Appendix D includes a 

comparison of residues for selected commodities 

with a significant import component. 

Of the samples tested for triazole fungicides and 

their metabolites, 16 percent of the apple 

samples, 36 percent of the fresh peach samples, 

and 100 percent of the wheat flour samples had 

detectable residues. No triazole fungicides or 

their metabolites were detected in canned 

peaches. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

15 

Appendix E shows the distribution of residues in 

fruit and vegetables. The results present the 

minimum and maximum concentrations 

detected; any tolerance violations; the analytical 

limits of detection (LODs); EPA tolerance 

levels; and when applicable, the corresponding 

Codex Alimentarius maximum residue limits 

(MRLs) and extraneous maximum residue limits 

(EMRLs). Appendix F shows the distribution of 

triazoles and triazole metabolites in apples, 

peaches, and wheat flour. Appendices G, H, I, 

and J provide the distribution of residues for 

barley, wheat flour, butter, and drinking water, 

respectively. Table 3A gives an overview of the 

number of residue detections for fresh and 

processed fruit and vegetables, grains, and dairy 

products. Table 3B provides residue detections 

by commodity for samples collected and 

analyzed in the triazole special survey. 

Food monitoring data, together with dietary 

consumption surveys, are used by EPA to 

estimate dietary exposure to pesticides to ensure 

the safety of existing pesticides. EPA uses all 

data reported by PDP, including sample results 

reported as below the LOD. PDP laboratories 

are required to establish LODs and report any 

instrumental response below the LOD as a nondetect. LODs are established experimentally for 

each pesticide/commodity pair and are reported 

with each data set. The number of non-detects 

can be used in conjunction with percent crop 

treated data to determine what proportion of 

these values may be counted as zero towards the 

dietary exposure. Overall, 54 percent of the 

samples were reported as below the LOD (nondetects) and for samples with residues, the vast 

majority of the detections were well below 

established tolerances. 

♦ National Estimates

 

The PDP sampling program incorporates 

participating States representing approximately 

50 percent of the Nation’s population. There are 

little or no significant differences across these 

States and, it can be inferred, across all states. 

Potentially more critical are differences in the 

residue content of fresh commodities across 

seasons. As in the past, sample data have been 

weighted to reflect the monthly distribution of 

product at the wholesale level. This method 

results in nearly unbiased estimates of pesticide 

residues in PDP commodities at the National 

level. 

National estimates for selected pesticide/

commodity pairs are shown in Appendix K. In 

most cases for each pair, the levels of detected 

residues are a small fraction of the tolerance 

level. A range of values for the sample mean 

(average) residue concentration for each pair is 

provided. The lower value for the range is 

determined by treating a sample without 

detectable residues as if it had a residue 

concentration equal to zero. The upper value is 

determined by treating such a sample as if it had 

a residue concentration equal to the LOD. 

Calculations for the 50th, 75th, and 90th 

percentiles for each of the pairs are shown. The 

ratio of the 90th percentile to the tolerance, as a 

normalization factor, is also provided. Percent 

detections and percentiles for cantaloupe, 

cucumbers, mushrooms, peaches, pears, spinach, 

sweet bell peppers, sweet potatoes, and tomatoes 

were weighted to reflect monthly variations in 

marketing. No weighting adjustments were made 

for butter, canned green beans, canned peaches, 

pear juice concentrate or puree, frozen sweet 

peas, and wheat flour. 

Appendix L displays the estimated distributions 

of 10 representative pesticide/commodity pairs. 

These graphs visually demonstrate that the 

overwhelming majority of pesticide testing 

results and the respective means (average values) 

are at low concentrations. The range of values, 

the median at the 50th percentile, and the range 

in percentile representing the lower and upper 

bound for the sample mean are shown. These 

pesticide/commodity pairs included in Appendix 

L are cyhalothrin/butter, DDE p,p’/butter, 

endosulfan sulfate/cucumbers, thiabendazole/

mushrooms, thiabendazole/pears, imidacloprid/

sweet bell peppers, dicloran/sweet potatoes, 

endosulfan II/tomatoes, triazole acetic acid/

wheat flour, and triazole alanine/wheat flour. In 

some cases, there is convergence of the mean 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

16 

Number of 

Samples 

Analyzed 

Samples with 

Residues 

Detected 

Percent 

of Samples 

with Detections 

Different 

Pesticides 

Detected 

Different 

Residues 

Detected 

Total Residue 

Detections 

Asparagus 351 27 8 13 15 33 

Cantaloupe 186 104 56 13 13 138 

Cucumbers 739 515 70 28 33 1191 

Mushrooms 552 322 58 11 15 477 

Onions 741 2 <1 1 1 2 

Pears 187 166 89 18 20 303 

Spinach 736 510 69 19 22 824 

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 626 84 42 48 2208 

Sweet Potatoes 734 477 65 17 18 616 

Tomatoes 742 349 47 15 18 678 

 5,709 3,098 54% 6,470 

 

Asparagus, Canned 354 9 3 2 2 9 

Green Beans, Canned 743 288 39 13 15 482 

Peaches, Canned 742 171 23 4 5 178 

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 47 71 12 13 118 

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 19 3 2 2 19 

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 112 20 5 6 149 

3,001 646 22% 955 

Number of Samples Analyzed = 8,710 

Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 3,744 

Percent with Residue Detections = 43.0% 

Total Number of Different Pesticides Detected = 69 

Total Number of Different Residues Detected = 81 

Total Number of Residue Detections = 7,425 

Barley 452 35 8 7 7 35 

Wheat Flour 606 270 45 12 12 359 

Butter 732 725 99 10 11 2,072 

Number of Samples Analyzed = 10,500 

Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 4,774 

Percent with Residue Detections = 45.5% 

Total Number of Different Pesticides Detected = 75 

Total Number of Different Residues Detected = 113 

Total Number of Residue Detections = 9,891 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

TOTAL FRESH 

Dairy Product:

Processed Grain Product:

TOTAL PROCESSED 

Table 3A. Number of Samples and Residues Detected by Commodity 

 (Excludes Drinking Water and Triazole Special Survey Samples)

Fruit and Vegetables Totals: 

All Commodities Totals: 

• A pesticide detection includes the parent compound and/or any isomer/metabolite(s) detected. For example, if endosulfan I, endosulfan II and endosulfan sulfate are detected, they are considered one pesticide. 

• A residue detection includes any detection of a parent compound, isomer or metabolite. For example, if endosulfan I, 

endosulfan II and endosulfan sulfate are detected, they are considered three residues. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

17 

upper and lower bound into a single line due to 

the insignificant differences between them. 

Results for these compounds are expressed in 

parts per billion (ppb) or parts per trillion (ppt). 

♦ Fresh vs. Processed

 

The 2003 data show that residue profiles for 

fresh products are significantly different than for 

processed products. Various factors may explain 

these differences in residue profiles. Raw 

agricultural commodities, if specifically grown 

for processing, are likely to receive different pest 

management treatments than fresh market 

products. Another factor affecting residue 

concentration or reduction may be a direct result 

of processing effects such as heat, time, and 

product preparation. A comparison of residues 

for fresh and processed products is shown in 

Table 4. Data used for this table are the most 

recent data collected by PDP for the processed 

product and the corresponding fresh product. 

There were no detections of any triazole 

fungicides in canned peaches. In fresh peach 

samples, detection of triazole fungicides 

included fenbuconazole (13.8%), propiconazole 

(9.7%), and tebuconazole (12.6%). In fresh 

peach samples from 2002, detection of triazole 

fungicides included fenbuconazole (4.3%), 

propiconazole (6.2%), and tebuconazole (4.6%). 

The differences in detection frequency between 

fresh peaches collected in 2003 and 2002 can be 

attributed to the lower detection limits in the 

2003 sample analyses. Azinphos methyl 

(46.5%), chlorpyrifos (34.5%), fludioxonil 

(30.6%), iprodione (54.8%), and phosmet 

(64.8%) were detected in fresh peach samples 

collected in 2002 but no residues for these 

compounds were detected in canned peach 

samples. Carbaryl was detected in 17.8 percent 

of canned peach samples and 32.3 percent of the 

fresh peach samples from 2002. 

In Table 4, results for fresh tomatoes collected 

and analyzed in 2003 are compared to findings 

for canned tomato and tomato paste samples 

collected and analyzed in 2000 and 2001. 

Endosulfan I was detected in 11.3 percent of the 

fresh tomato samples, 0.5 percent of the canned 

tomato samples, and 10.3 percent of the tomato 

paste samples. Endosulfan II was detected in 

19.8 percent of the fresh tomato samples and 

20.3 percent of the tomato paste samples. No 

endosulfan II residues were detected in the 

canned tomato samples. Endosulfan sulfate was 

detected in 11.1 percent of the fresh tomato 

samples and 5.1 percent of the tomato paste 

samples. No endosulfan sulfate residues were 

detected in the canned tomato samples. 

Methamidophos was detected in 12.4 percent of 

the fresh tomato samples, 8.1 percent of the 

canned tomato samples, and 0.5 percent of the 

tomato paste samples.

Number of 

Samples 

Analyzed 

Samples with 

Residues 

Detected 

Percent 

of Samples 

with Detections 

Different 

Pesticides 

Detected 

Different 

Residues 

Detected 

Total Residue 

Detections 

Apples 744 118 16 5 5 142 

Peaches 269 98 36 6 7 118 

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0 0 0 0 

Wheat Flour 606 606 100 3 3 1,207 

Table 3B. Triazole Special Survey — Number of Samples and Residues Detected by Commodity

Number of Samples Analyzed = 1,990 

Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 822 

Percent with Residue Detections = 41.3% 

Total Number of Different Pesticides Detected = 8 

Total Number of Different Residues Detected = 10 

Total Number of Residue Detections = 1,467 

Triazole Special Survey Totals: 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

18 

♦ Drinking Water Results 

Appendix J lists results for the PDP testing of 

finished drinking water from monitoring sites in 

California, Colorado, Kansas, New York, and 

Texas. Each watershed reflects the local 

topography, watershed size, geomorphology, 

soil types, geology, land use, land management 

practices, crop varieties, pesticides applied, and 

application methods. Due to the complexities 

associated with water quality assessments, these 

data reflect the unique characteristics of the 

watersheds from which the samples were 

obtained. 

PDP analyzed 794 samples using multiresidue 

methods to test for more than 200 pesticides 

and metabolites. Most of the treatment plants 

participating in the 2003 survey use surface 

water as their source waters. The data presented 

here are from the finished water, (postdisinfection) collected just before distribution to 

customers. The concentrations of pesticides 

found were very low, that is, at parts-per-trillion 

levels or 0.000000001 gram (g)/kilogram (Kg) 

or g/liter (L) of water. Thirty-three different 

residues were detected in 429 of the 794 

samples tested (22 different pesticides + 11 

metabolites). Most of the detections were of 

Table 4. Selected Residue Comparisons, Fresh vs. Processed 

Pesticide 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects 

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects 

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Azinphos methyl NA NA NA 46.5 0.005 0.52 -- -- -- 

Carbaryl NA NA NA 32.3 0.002 3.2 17.8 0.017 0.38 

Chlorpyrifos NA NA NA 34.5 0.002 0.079 -- -- -- 

Fenbuconazole 13.8 0.015 0.45 4.3 0.024 0.083 -- -- -- 

Fludioxonil NA NA NA 30.6 0.020 1.8 -- -- -- 

Iprodione NA NA NA 54.8 0.014 33 -- -- -- 

Phosmet NA NA NA 64.8 0.002 1.4 -- -- -- 

Propiconazole 9.7 0.015 0.19 6.2 0.024 0.085 -- -- -- 

Tebuconazole 12.6 0.015 0.078 4.6 0.032 0.97 -- -- -- 

PEACHES -- Fresh (2003*) PEACHES -- Fresh (2002) PEACHES -- Canned (2003) 

Pesticide 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects 

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects 

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Endosulfan I 11.3 0.007 0.19 0.5 0.008 0.008 10.3 0.005 0.033 

Endosulfan II 19.8 0.007 0.30 -- -- -- 20.3 0.005 0.053 

Endosulfan sulfate 11.1 0.010 0.071 -- -- -- 5.1 0.005 0.005 

Methamidophos 12.4 0.008 0.28 8.1 0.002 0.028 0.5 0.012 0.012 

TOMATOES--Fresh (2003) TOMATOES--Canned (2000) TOMATO PASTE (2001) 

* Peach samples collected May-September 2003 only for special triazole survey. No imported peaches included. 

-- No detections for commodity/pesticide pair. 

NA No analysis performed for commodity/pesticide pair. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

19 

herbicides and none of the detections exceeded 

EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). 

The majority of pesticides included in the PDP 

screens were not detected. 

In the comprehensive list of pesticides, 

Appendix J, MCL or Health Advisory (HA) 

values are listed; however, many of the 

compounds PDP tests for do not have established 

regulatory standards. Therefore, EPA Freshwater 

Aquatic Organism (FAO) criteria, which are 

much lower than human MCLs or HAs, are also 

given. These criteria are lower than human levels 

due primarily to higher exposure, because 

aquatic organisms live all or most of their lives 

in water. There were no detections by PDP for 

any of the pesticides with FAO values. 

Additional information regarding EPA drinking 

water standards is available at http://

www.epa.gov/safewater/standard/setting.html. 

Reservoirs are the source waters for 10 of the 11 

sites in New York as well as all of the sites in 

Colorado, Kansas, and Texas. Rivers are the 

predominant source waters for the sites in 

California. Reservoirs tend to accumulate 

pesticide residues over time; in larger reservoirs, 

pesticides can often be detected throughout the 

year. Rivers tend to distribute pesticide residues 

in discreet pulses, with most detections occurring 

soon after application. 

Of the 27 community water systems surveyed, 7 

sites had source water in protected watersheds, 

which are defined as source water in an area 

controlled for chemical applications and land 

use; 4 of the source water intakes were in urban 

regions, defined as less than 10 percent of the 

land around the source water used for 

agriculture; and 16 of the sites were located in 

predominantly agricultural areas, defined as 

regions where more than 20 percent of the land 

surrounding the source water is used for 

agriculture (Table 5). One of the six sites with 

source waters in protected watersheds had 

detections above the LOQ. Four of the five sites 

with source waters in urban regions had 

detections above the LOQ. Most of the sites in 

agricultural regions had multiple detections 

above the LOQ. These data reflect the 

uniqueness of each watershed and the land use 

and agricultural practices within that watershed. 

National inferences cannot be made from these 

data. 

♦ Triazole Results

Appendix F shows the distribution of triazole 

fungicides and their metabolites in apple, peach, 

and wheat flour samples. For apples, 

myclobutanil was detected in 8.6 percent of the 

samples, triazole alanine in 8.6 percent, and 

triadimenol in 1.9 percent. Tebuconazole and 

RH 9130 (a metabolite of fenbuconazole) were 

detected in less than one percent of the apple 

samples. For fresh peaches, fenbuconazole was 

detected in 13.8 percent of the samples, 

tebuconazole in 12.6 percent, propiconazole in 

Site Classification 

Number of 

Sites 

Sites with 

Detections 

Above LOQ 

Number of Detects 

Above LOQ 

Range of Detects 

Per Site 

Protecteda 6 1 5 0-5 

Urbanb 5 4 4 0-1 

Agriculturalc 16 13 905 0-185 

a

 Source water for community water system is in area controlled for chemical applications and land use. b Less than 10% of county in farmland.

c Greater than 20% of county in farmland.

Table 5. Watershed Classifications 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

20 

9.7 percent, myclobutanil in 3.7 percent, triazole 

acetic acid in 2.2 percent, RH 9129 (a metabolite 

of fenbuconazole) in 1.1 percent, and triazole 

alanine in less than 1 percent of the samples. For 

wheat flour, triazole acetic acid was detected in 

99.3 percent of the samples, triazole alanine in 

99.2 percent, and 1,2,4-triazole in less than 1 

percent of the samples. 

♦ Import vs. Domestic Residue 

Comparisons 

 

Information about the origin of each PDP 

sample is recorded when the sample is 

collected. Figure 3 illustrates the portion of 

domestic and import samples for each PDP 

commodity this year. The data generated by 

PDP reflect pesticide residues in foods available 

to the U.S. consumer, including both domestic 

and import products. Many commodities are 

almost entirely of domestic origin with only a 

minor import component. However, some fresh 

commodities, such as asparagus, cantaloupe, 

cucumbers, sweet peppers, and tomatoes are 

from domestic growers part of the year and 

imported the remaining months. Potential 

comparisons of selected residues detected in 

commodities can be found in Appendix D. 

The cucumber data in Appendix D indicate that 

residues were detected in 57 percent of the 

domestic samples and 84 percent of the 

Mexican samples. Endosulfan I was detected in 

21 percent of the domestic cucumber samples 

and 41 percent of the Mexican cucumber 

samples. Similarly, endosulfan II, endosulfan 

sulfate, metalaxyl, and methamidophos were all 

detected more often in Mexican cucumbers than 

in domestic cucumbers. 

For sweet bell peppers, 85 percent of the 

domestic samples and 98 percent of the 

Mexican samples had residues detected. 

However, the distributions of pesticide types 

were not the same. For example, oxamyl 

residues were detected in 27 percent of the 

Mexican sweet bell pepper samples compared 

to 10 percent of the domestic samples. 

Conversely, acephate residues were detected in 

10 percent of the Mexican samples compared to 

25 percent of the domestic sweet bell pepper 

samples. 

For asparagus, 6 percent of the domestic product 

had residues compared to 8 percent of the 

Mexican samples and 11 percent of the Peruvian 

samples. Asparagus samples from Peru had 

more residues of chlorpyrifos and methomyl 

than asparagus samples from the United States 

or Mexico. However, there were more 

metribuzin residues in Mexican asparagus 

samples than in those from the United States or 

Peru. 

♦ Postharvest Applications

 

Pesticides can be applied before and after harvest 

depending on the crop and approved label use. 

PDP data capture both preharvest and 

postharvest uses because samples are collected at 

points when all pesticide applications have 

already occurred. Pesticides with postharvest 

application are used primarily as fungicides, but 

some insecticides and sprouting inhibitors are 

important crop treatments. Some detections 

reported by PDP in Appendix E were most likely 

generated by postharvest applications in the raw 

agricultural commodity. 

♦ Environmental Contaminants

 

DDT, DDD, and DDE

A total of 8,666 fruit and vegetable (Appendix 

E), 393 barley (Appendix G), 606 wheat flour 

(Appendix H), and 732 butter samples 

(Appendix I), were screened for DDE p,p’, a 

metabolite of DDT. Other DDT metabolites 

tested include DDD o,p’, and DDD p,p’. Use of 

DDT has been prohibited in the U.S. since 1972. 

However, due to environmental persistence, 

residues of the DDE p,p’ metabolite were 

detected in 2.2 percent of the fruit and vegetable 

samples tested. Residues of DDE p,p’ were 

found in cantaloupe (2.7%), cucumbers (0.1%), 

green beans (0.1%), mushrooms (0.2%), spinach 

(24%), sweet bell peppers (0.9%), sweet potatoes 

(0.1%), and butter (81%). Residues of DDT o,p’ 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

21 

and DDT p,p’ were detected in mushrooms 

(0.3% and 0.2%, respectively). No residues of 

DDT or its metabolites were detected in any 

barley samples and only one sample of wheat 

flour contained DDE p,p’. All detections of DDT 

and its metabolites were below the established 

action levels. 

 

OTHER EXTRANEOUS PESTICIDES

 

In 1974, all aldrin and dieldrin uses were 

canceled in the United States, and in 1978, all 

heptachlor uses were canceled. In 1986, chlordane uses, except termiticide uses, were 

canceled. Despite this, residues of dieldrin were 

detected in cucumbers, green beans, and sweet 

potatoes in 2003. Dieldrin was found in 4.5 

percent of cucumber samples and less than one 

percent of the green bean and sweet potato 

samples. No residues of dieldrin or heptachlor 

epoxide, a metabolite of heptachlor, were 

detected in barley or wheat flour. Heptachlor 

epoxide was not detected in butter, but dieldrin 

was detected in 55 percent of butter samples 

(Appendix I). All detections were below the 

established action levels. No residues of aldrin, 

chlordane or its metabolite, oxychlordane, were 

detected. 

♦ Multiple Pesticide Residue Detections

PDP provides data that can be used by EPA in 

evaluating the incidence of multiple residue 

detections. The data are very useful in assessments that consider cumulative exposure to 

pesticides determined by EPA to have common 

mechanisms of toxicity. No correlation between 

the incidence of multiple residues and tolerance 

violations has been noted. 

The distribution of multiple pesticides occurring 

in samples tested during 2003 is presented in 

Appendix M. This appendix reports the number 

of distinct pesticides rather than residues, as was 

reported in previous year’s summaries. A parent 

compound and its metabolite(s) are reported as a 

single pesticide detection rather than separate 

residue detections. These data exclude samples 

from the triazole special survey. These data 

indicate that more than one pesticide was 

detected in 24 percent of all samples tested. Most 

multiple residue detections result from 

application of more than one pesticide on a crop 

during a growing season. However, other factors 

contribute to the number of multiple pesticide 

detections such as spray drift, transfer through 

crop rotation, cross contamination at packing 

facilities, or persistent environmental 

contaminants. 

Where more than one residue resulted from a 

single pesticide, the parent and any isomers and/

or metabolites are counted as a single detection. 

For example, a single application of the pesticide 

endosulfan may result in residues of the parent 

compound endosulfan I, its isomer, endosulfan 

II, and its metabolite, endosulfan sulfate. This 

would be shown as a single pesticide finding in 

Appendix M. 

In most cases, results shown in Appendix M are 

for residues detected in samples analyzed by 

PDP as composites of 3 to 5 pounds, depending 

on the commodity. Therefore, the number of 

pesticides reported does not necessarily reflect 

the number of pesticides per individual sample 

or per single serving of a commodity. 

♦ Tolerance Violations 

A tolerance is defined under Section 408 of the 

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as the 

maximum quantity of a pesticide residue 

allowable on a raw agricultural commodity. 

Tolerances are also applicable to processed 

foods. EPA is in the process of reassessing 

tolerances to ensure that they meet FQPA 

standards which define pesticide tolerance as "a 

reasonable certainty that no harm will result 

from aggregate exposure to the chemical residue, 

including all anticipated dietary exposures for 

which there is reliable information." 

A tolerance violation occurs when a residue is 

found that exceeds the tolerance level or when a 

residue is found for which there is no established 

tolerance. With the exception of meat, poultry, 

and egg products, for which USDA is 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

22 

responsible, FDA is responsible for enforcement 

of tolerances for all imported foods and 

domestic foods moved through interstate 

commerce. States are responsible at the local 

level. When agencies with enforcement 

authority collect samples for tolerance enforcement purposes, they must adhere to a quick 

turnaround time and chain-of-custody protocols 

which enable them to detain the sampled lot 

until test results are available. 

Unlike these programs, PDP is not an 

enforcement program. Consequently, PDP 

emphasizes determination of residues at the 

lowest detectable levels rather than quick turnaround times. Also, PDP samples are collected 

without interfering in commodity distribution. 

When PDP identifies samples with residues 

exceeding the tolerance or with residues for 

which there is no established tolerance, these 

detections are reported to FDA regional and 

headquarters’ offices. This notification is made 

in accordance with a Memorandum of 

Understanding between USDA and FDA for the 

purpose of pinpointing areas where closer 

surveillance may be needed. FDA enforcement 

action has not been a practical response to PDP 

analysis because of the time required between 

sample collection and data reporting. 

Residues exceeding the established tolerance are 

noted with an “X” in Appendices E, F, G, H, and 

I. Similarly, residues for which a tolerance is not 

established are noted with a “V.” The “X” and 

“V” annotations are followed by a number 

indicating the number of samples reported to 

FDA. 

An established tolerance may apply to more than 

one residue because pesticides may break down 

into more than one metabolite or contain more 

than one isomer. For example, the tolerance for 

endosulfan combines residues of endosulfan I, 

endosulfan II, and endosulfan sulfate; and 

organophosphate tolerances may combine the 

parent compound and the sulfone and sulfoxide 

metabolites. Therefore, where applicable (i.e., if 

residues of metabolites were detected in the 

same sample), PDP combined residues of parent 

and metabolites of endosulfan, ethion, 

fenamiphos, iprodione, and quintozene, and 

isomers of lambda cyhalothrin to count the total 

number of samples with tolerance violations. 

Excluding water samples, residues exceeding the 

tolerance were detected in 0.3 percent of the 

11,522 samples tested in 2003 – 35 samples with 

one residue each. Residues with no established 

tolerance were found in 1.5 percent of the 

samples (157 samples with one residue each and 

13 samples with two residues each). In most 

cases, these residues were detected at very low 

levels and some residues may result from spray 

drift or crop rotations. These residue findings are 

listed in Appendix N. 

No residues were detected that exceeded the 

established tolerance for triazole fungicides and 

regulated metabolites in apples, peaches, and 

wheat flour. A RH9130 triazole metabolite of 

fenbuconazole having no established tolerance 

was detected in one apple sample. 

Normally, PDP reports the detection of a residue 

with no established tolerances as a tolerance 

violation. However, for the purposes of this 

summary, triazole alanine, triazole acetic acid, 

and 1,2,4-triazole detections were not considered 

tolerance violations. 

♦ Synopsis 

A total of 9,732 fresh and processed fruit and 

vegetable samples, 452 barley samples, 606 

wheat flour samples, 732 butter samples, and 

794 drinking water samples were analyzed for 

various pesticides including insecticides, 

herbicides, and fungicides. MRMs were used to 

detect a wide variety of compounds including 

carbamates, conazoles, imidazoles, pyrethroids, 

organochlorines, organophosphates, triazines, 

and strobilurins. 

In 2003, analyses for triazole fungicides and 

their metabolites were performed on 744 apple 

samples, 269 fresh peach samples, 371 canned 

peach samples, and 606 wheat flour samples. 

Approximately 87 percent of all samples tested 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2003 

23 

were domestic, 12 percent imported, and one 

percent of unknown origin. Of all the samples 

tested, 0.3 percent were reported as containing 

residues exceeding the tolerance and 1.5 percent 

as without tolerances listed in 40 CFR, Part 180. 

Fifty-four percent of all samples tested by 

MRMs had no detectable residues, 22 percent 

contained one residue, and 24 percent contained 

more than one residue. Most of the residues were 

detected in fruit and vegetable commodities. 

Environmental contaminants were detected 

mainly in butter and spinach. Overall, levels of 

residues detected were well below tolerances. 

For more information on PDP, please contact the 

Monitoring Programs Office by telephone: 

(703) 330-2300; facsimile: (703) 369-0678; or 

electronic-mail: amsmpo.data@usda.gov. 

♦♦♦♦♦

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, 

color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all 

prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of 

program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice 

and TDD). 

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 

Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal 

opportunity provider and employer. 
Appendix A

Commodity History 

 Appendix A identifies commodities sampled by the Pesticide Data Program 

through December 2004. Updates to this list are posted on the PDP Web site at 

http://www.ams.usda.gov/science/pdp. 
Fresh Commodities

Commodity Start Date End Date

Apples 1 Sep-91 Dec-96

Apples (S-1) Jan-99 Dec-99

Apples (S-2) Jan-99 May-99

Apples Oct-00 Sep-02

Apples Jan-04 Ongoing

Apples (T-1) Jan-03 Dec-03

Asparagus Jan-02 Jun-03

Bananas Sep-91 Sep-95

Bananas Jan-01 Dec-02

Bananas (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Broccoli Oct-92 Dec-94

Broccoli Jan-01 Dec-02

Cantaloupe Jul-98 Jun-00

Cantaloupe Oct-03 Ongoing

Carrots 1 Oct-92 Sep-96

Carrots Oct-00 Sep-02

Cauliflower Oct-04 Ongoing

Celery Feb-92 Mar-94

Celery Jan-01 Dec-02

Cherries 2 May-00 Aug-01

Cucumbers Jan-99 Dec-00

Cucumbers Oct-02 Sep-04

Eggs (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Grapefruit Aug-91 Dec-93

Grapes 1 May-91 Dec-96

Grapes Jan-00 Dec-01

Grapes Jan-04 Ongoing

Grapes (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Green Beans Feb-92 Dec-95

Green Beans Jan-00 Dec-01

Green Beans Apr-04 Ongoing

Lettuce May-91 Dec-94

Lettuce Oct-99 Sep-01

Lettuce Jan-04 Ongoing

Milk 1 Jan-96 Oct-98

Milk Jan-04 Ongoing

Milk (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Mushrooms Oct-01 Sep-03

Nectarines 3 Jul-00 Sep-01

Onions Jan-02 Dec-03

Oranges 1 Aug-91 Dec-96

Oranges Jan-00 Dec-01

COMMODITY HISTORY AS OF DECEMBER 2004

Appendix A. Page 1 of 4 
Commodity Start Date End Date

Oranges Jan-04 Ongoing

Peaches Feb-92 Sep-96

Peaches (S-3) Jan-00 Sep-00

Peaches4 Jan-01 Sep-02

Peaches (T-1) May-03 Sep-03

Pears Jan-97 Jun-99

Pears (S-1) Jul-98 Jun-99

Pears Oct-03 Ongoing

Pineapples Jul-00 Jun-02

Potatoes May-91 Dec-95

Potatoes (S-4) Dec-96 Dec-97

Potatoes Jul-00 Jun-02

Spinach 1 Jan-95 Sep-97

Spinach Jul-02 Dec-03

Strawberries5 Jan-98 Sep-00

Strawberries Jan-04 Ongoing

Sweet Bell Peppers Jan-99 Dec-00

Sweet Bell Peppers Oct-02 Sep-04

Sweet Potatoes 1 Jan-96 Jun-98

Sweet Potatoes Jan-03 Dec-04

Tomatoes 1 Jul-96 Jun-99

Tomatoes Jan-03 Dec-04

Winter Squash Jan-97 Jun-99

Winter Squash Jul-04 Ongoing

1

 Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996

2

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Cherries were sampled for two years 

 (May-00 - Aug-01) for a total of six months.

3

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Nectarines were sampled for two years 

 (Jul-00 - Sep-01) for a total of six months.

4

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Peaches were sampled for two years

 (Jan-01 - Sep-02) for a total of sixteen months.

5

 Frozen collected when fresh unavailable

(S-1) Special single serving project testing for organophosphates.

(S-2) Special single serving project testing for carbamates.

(S-3) Special single serving project testing for carbamate, organochlorine, organophosphate, 

 organonitrogen, and sulfur compounds.

(S-4) Special single serving project testing for aldicarb.

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

(TSP) Triazole Sampling Project. Samples sent to contract laboratory.

Appendix A. Page 2 of 4 
Processed Commodities

Commodity Start Date End Date

Apple Juice 1 Jul-96 Dec-98

Apple Juice Jan-02 Dec-02

Apple Sauce Jul-02 Dec-02

Asparagus, Canned Jul-03 Dec-03

Butter Jan-03 Dec-03

Corn Syrup 2 Jan-98 Jun-99

Grape Juice Jan-98 Dec-99

Green Beans, Canned/Frozen 1 Jan-96 Jun-98

Green Beans, Canned Jan-03 Mar-04

Orange Juice Jan-97 Dec-98

Orange Juice Oct-04 Dec-04

Peaches, Canned Dec-96 Dec-97

Peaches, Canned Jan-03 Ongoing

Peaches, Canned (T-1) Jan-03 Mar-03

Peaches, Canned (T-1) Oct-03 Dec-03

Peanut Butter Jan-00 Dec-00

Peanut Butter (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Pear Juice, Concentrate/Puree Jul-02 Jun-03

Pears, Canned Jul-99 Jun-00

Peas, Canned/Frozen Apr-94 Jun-96

Peas, Canned/Frozen3 Oct-01 Sep-03

Spinach, Canned Oct-97 Dec-98

Spinach, Frozen Jan-99 Dec-99

Spinach, Canned Jan-04 Jun-04

Strawberries, Frozen 4 Jan-98 Sep-00

Sweet Corn, Canned/Frozen Apr-94 Mar-96

Sweet Corn, Canned/Frozen 3 Oct-01 Sep-03

Tomato Paste, Canned Jan-01 Jun-01

Tomatoes, Canned Jul-99 Jun-00

Winter Squash, Frozen Jan-97 Jun-99

1 Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996

2 Excludes sampling hiatus January 1999

3 Canned samples collected in first year and frozen samples 

in second year of testing.

4 Frozen collected when fresh unavailable

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

(TSP) Triazole Sampling Project. Samples sent to contract laboratory.

Appendix A. Page 3 of 4
Grains

Commodity Start Date End Date

Barley Oct-01 Sep-03

Oats Jul-99 Apr-00

Rice Oct-00 Sep-02

Soybeans Sep-96 Feb-98

Soybeans Oct-03 Ongoing

Wheat Feb-95 Jan-98

Wheat Flour Jan-03 Dec-04

Wheat Flour (T-1) Jan-03 Dec-03

Drinking Water

States Start Date End Date

California, New York Mar-01 Dec-03

Colorado, Kansas, Texas May-02 Dec-03

Oregon, Pennsylvania Jan-04 Dec-04

Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, Washington Jan-04 Ongoing

Meat / Poultry Products

Commodity Type Start Date End Date

Poultry Young Chickens Apr-00 Mar-01

Beef Cows, Heifers, Steers Jun-01 Jul-02

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

Appendix A. Page 4 of 4
Appendix B

Sample Origin by State or Country 

(Determined by Grower, Packer, or Distributor)

Appendix B gives the number of fruit and vegetables, grain, and butter samples per 

State or country of origin and the number of samples of unknown origin. Where available, 

origin of fresh commodities is taken from the grower or packer information. For processed 

commodities, origin is determined primarily by packer or distributor. 

As shown in Appendix B, samples originated from 41 States plus Puerto Rico, 

Washington, DC, and 24 foreign countries. There were 328 domestic and 18 imported 

samples from unknown origins. 

Drinking water samples are excluded from Appendix B. Origins for drinking water 

samples are described in Section II – Sampling Operations. 
Part 1. Domestic Samples

Dairy No. of % of

States = 41 AP AS CN CU MU ON PC PE PP SP SW TO AA CC CS GB PJ PS BY WF BU Domestic Total

Alabama 2 2 <0.1

Arizona 13 5 3 6 2 3 1 2 1 1 37 0.3

Arkansas 1 3 4 15 3 29 4 2 8 69 0.6

California 41 126 58 48 176 135 184 34 186 484 247 145 95 406 91 274 12 96 111 53 134 3136 27.2

Colorado 1 1 10 35 15 1 17 1 68 9 158 1.4

Connecticut 5 5 <0.1

Delaware 1 1 2 <0.1

Florida 6 52 100 21 8 2 1 139 7 10 184 8 17 20 17 18 7 10 25 652 5.7

Georgia 1 52 2 22 21 42 3 3 3 14 1 1 2 167 1.4

Hawaii 1 1 <0.1

Idaho 8 44 16 25 54 26 54 39 20 29 315 2.7

Illinois 18 25 19 20 23 112 19 25 261 2.3

Kansas 7 7 0.1

Kentucky 1 6 2 1 6 2 4 22 0.2

Louisiana 1 133 1 135 1.2

Maine 1 4 7 2 7 2 8 31 0.3

Maryland 9 3 5 6 1 8 1 11 26 33 22 25 6 25 181 1.6

Massachusetts 1 1 1 1 6 2 12 0.1

Michigan 23 7 1 6 30 34 3 15 24 7 10 7 37 25 34 28 17 23 28 359 3.1

Minnesota 5 1 9 1 122 6 42 73 42 2 299 122 724 6.3

Mississippi 1 37 38 0.3

Missouri 1 1 2 <0.1

Nebraska 7 20 27 0.2

Nevada 32 32 0.3

New Jersey 5 12 2 2 10 11 5 5 13 2 4 4 4 1 8 4 2 94 0.8

New Mexico 21 21 0.2

New York 49 2 13 9 54 2 11 8 3 7 17 10 61 48 64 13 12 41 424 3.7

North Carolina 1 6 20 1 160 3 191 1.7

Ohio 3 1 13 5 6 7 1 12 1 10 7 7 29 18 28 13 8 20 34 223 1.9

Oklahoma 1 5 4 4 9 31 8 28 6 12 8 116 1.0

Oregon 5 3 4 60 35 1 4 3 8 7 23 14 11 20 14 21 25 258 2.2

Pennsylvania 5 128 2 3 49 8 1 3 4 4 5 3 4 36 255 2.2

South Carolina 11 9 3 23 <0.1

Tennessee 2 4 9 1 4 2 4 7 33 0.3

Texas 17 3 37 35 78 1 2 13 27 37 36 12 59 52 65 47 3 38 56 618 5.4

Utah 6 6 0.1

Vermont 1 4 5 <0.1

Virginia 2 1 1 2 7 5 1 10 4 9 4 2 1 7 56 0.5

Washington 488 25 9 13 69 11 98 2 8 4 1 12 8 33 12 9 8 26 836 7.3

West Virginia 1 1 0.1

Wisconsin 5 3 1 8 5 14 1 1 4 12 4 7 13 8 6 18 6 4 1 35 156 1.4

Puerto Rico 1 1 <0.1

Washington D.C. 6 6 <0.1

Unknown State 14 5 2 66 17 11 9 9 51 13 52 12 3 6 6 3 5 4 5 35 328 2.8

No. of Domestics 686 178 144 375 469 656 267 184 516 695 714 509 339 717 524 726 56 508 437 597 729 10,026

% of Total 92 51 77 51 85 89 99 98 70 94 97 69 96 95 96 98 85 93 97 99 100 87.0

APPENDIX B. SAMPLE ORIGIN BY STATE OR COUNTRY *

Grain

(Determined by Grower, Packer, or Distributor)

Fresh F&V Processed F&V

Appendix B. Page 1 of 2
Part 2. Imported Samples

Dai. No. of % of

Countries = 24 AP AS CN CU MU ON PC PE PP SP SW TO AA CC CS GB PJ PS BY WF BU Imports Total

Argentina 1 1 2 4 <0.1

Australia 1 1 <0.1

Belgium 1 5 6 0.1

Brazil 1 1 <0.1

Canada 6 1 16 55 13 23 15 48 18 13 1 19 7 5 240 2.1

Chile 21 7 3 31 0.3

China 4 4 <0.1

Colombia 3 3 <0.1

Costa Rica 1 1 <0.1

Dominican Republic 1 1 <0.1

Ecuador 1 1 <0.1

Greece 14 14 0.1

Guatemala 35 35 0.3

Honduras 9 9 0.1

Israel 9 9 0.1

Korea, Republic of 1 1 <0.1

Mexico 99 5 324 32 152 24 163 799 6.9

Netherlands 13 1 14 0.1

New Zealand 26 1 2 29 0.3

Peru 69 23 12 104 0.9

Poland 10 3 13 0.1

South Africa 2 10 12 0.1

Spain 3 3 1 7 0.1

Taiwan 4 4 <0.1

Unknown Country 5 1 12 18 0.2

No. of Imports 56 172 41 349 60 76 0 2 212 39 2 216 13 31 18 13 7 39 10 5 0 1361

% of Total 8 49 22 47 11 10 0 1 29 5 <1 29 4 4 3 2 11 7 2 <1 0 11.8

Part 3. Unknown Origin

Dai. No. of % of

AP AS CN CU MU ON PC PE PP SP SW TO AA CC CS GB PJ PS BY WF BU Unknown Total

Unknown Origin 2 1 1 15 23 9 2 1 13 2 18 17 2 3 5 4 3 2 5 4 3 135

% of Total <1 <1 1 2 4 1 1 1 2 <1 2 2 1 <1 1 1 5 <1 1 <1 <1 1.2

GRAND TOTALS 744 351 186 739 552 741 269 187 741 736 734 742 354 751 547 743 66 549 452 606 732 11,522

COMMODITIES

AA = Asparagus, canned CS = Sweet Corn, frozen PP = Sweet Bell Peppers

AP = Apples GB = Green Beans, canned PS = Sweet Peas, frozen

AS = Asparagus MU = Mushrooms SP = Spinach

BU = Butter ON = Onion SW = Sweet Potatoes

BY = Barley PC = Peaches TO = Tomatoes

CC = Peaches, canned PE = Pears WF = Wheat Flour

CN = Cantaloupe PJ = Pear Juice, concen./puree

* = Excludes drinking water samples. 

Processed F&V

Fresh F&V Processed F&V Grain

Fresh F&V Grain

Appendix B. Page 2 of 2
Appendix C

Quality Assurance Program Elements

PDP’s Quality Assurance (QA) program covers all aspects of data gathering 

from the time of collection through the time of sample receipt to the time data are 

reported to PDP’s central database. PDP laboratories guarantee reported results by 

adherence to strict QA requirements. This appendix describes the QA program’s five 

elements: 1) Standard Operating Procedures; 2) On-site Reviews; 3) Proficiency 

Check Samples; 4) Quality Control Procedures; and 5) Method Performance and 

Verification Procedures. 
APPENDIX C. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) - Written SOPs provide uniform 

administrative, sampling, and laboratory procedures. SOPs are revised annually to 

accommodate changes in the program. Before submission, data are reviewed by each 

Quality Assurance Unit (QAU) for completeness and adherence to PDP requirements. 

2. On-site Reviews - On-site reviews determine compliance with PDP SOPs. 

Improvements in sampling, chain-of-custody, recordkeeping, laboratory, and electronic 

data transmission procedures are made as a result of on-site reviews. 

3. Proficiency Testing Samples - All facilities are required to participate in PDP’s 

Proficiency Testing program. For fresh and processed fruit and vegetables, grains, and 

dairy products, multiresidue test samples containing pesticide(s) of known quantities are 

periodically issued to the applicable laboratories and tested under the same conditions 

as routine samples. The resulting data are used to determine performance equivalency 

among the testing laboratories, and to evaluate individual laboratory performance. 

During 2003, PDP laboratories received 5 multiresidue proficiency testing sets consisting 

of 15 fruit and vegetable samples, 1 butter set consisting of 3 samples, 1 wheat flour set 

consisting of 3 samples, and 2 water sets consisting of 4 samples. For fruit and 

vegetable multiresidue screening, the 15 samples covered 5 commodities and were 

fortified with 53 compounds, with 5 repeated once, 2 repeated twice, and 1 repeated 3 

times, at levels generally 1 to 10 times the limit of quantitation (LOQ). Results yield an 

overall mean recovery of 87 percent with a percent coefficient of variation (%C.V.) of 29 

percent. One incurred residue was present at 0.011 ppm (average reported value). 

Additionally, PDP laboratories participated in the international AOAC® and Food Analysis 

Performance Assessment Scheme (FAPAS) proficiency testing programs a total of three 

rounds consisting of apple, grape, lettuce, and spinach test samples. Laboratories were 

evaluated based on z-scores for reported compounds, as well as any false negatives or 

false positives reported. Laboratories were not held responsible for compounds not 

included in their routine screening method. 

For water, a commercial vendor supplied proficiency test solutions based on common 

analytical profiles and detection limits. Test solutions were used for spiking due to 

stability concerns. For each proficiency testing set, the vendor supplied the laboratory’s 

QAU with a custom GC mix and a custom LC mix. The QAU prepared the appropriate 

dilutions, fortifying one liter of tap water with the GC dilution and one liter of tap water 

with the LC dilution. The spiked samples were then presented to the laboratory staff for 

analysis. 

4. Quality Control Procedures - PDP operating procedures for quality control (QC) are 

intended to assess method and analyst performance during sample preparation, cleanup, extraction, and, where applicable, derivatization. To maximize sample output and 

decrease the QC/sample ratio, samples are analyzed in analytical sets that include the 

test samples and the following components. 

a. Reagent Blank: For analysis of fruit and vegetables, butter, barley, and wheat 

flour, an amount of distilled water, equivalent to the natural moisture content of 

the commodity, is run through the entire analytical process to determine 

glassware cleanliness and system integrity. 
b. Matrix Blank: A previously analyzed sample of the same commodity, which 

contains either very low concentrations of known residues or no detectable 

residues, is divided into two portions. The first portion is used to give 

background information on naturally occurring chemicals and the second is used 

to prepare a matrix spike. 

c. Matrix Spike(s): Prior to extraction, a portion(s) of matrix blank is spiked with 

marker pesticides to determine the accuracy of the analyst and instrument 

performance. Marker pesticides are compounds selected from different pesticide 

classes (e.g., organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, conazoles, 

imidazolinones, pyrethroids, strobilurins, triazines), which have physical and 

chemical characteristics similar to those in the class they represent. The use of 

marker pesticides to monitor recoveries is a modification of PDP’s previous 

requirements that called for spiking with all pesticides. Because of the large 

number of pesticides in the program, spiking with all compounds required 

multiple spike mixtures to avert coelution problems, which, in turn, resulted in 

lengthy run times. During 2003, PDP laboratories quantitated a total of 30,060 

matrix spikes, with an overall mean recovery of 92 percent, overall standard 

deviation of 26 percent, and overall %C.V. of 28 percent. 

d. Process Control Spike: A compound of physical and chemical characteristics, 

similar to those of the pesticides being tested, is used to evaluate the analytical 

process on a sample-by-sample basis. Each of the analytical set components, 

except the reagent and matrix blanks, is spiked with process controls. During 

2003, PDP laboratories quantitated a total of 41,537 process controls on 12,316 

samples, with an overall mean recovery of 96 percent, overall standard deviation 

of 19 percent, and overall %C.V. of 20 percent. Of these process controls, 341 

(0.82 percent) were rerun due to initial failure to meet PDP recovery criteria. 

These rerun values are not included in these statistics for illustrative purposes; 

however, reported data are those obtained from sample reanalysis. 

5. Method Performance and Verification Procedures - Laboratories are required to 

determine and verify the limits of detection (LODs) and LOQs for each 

pesticide/commodity pair. LODs depend on matrix, analyte, and detector used, and 

ranged from 0.001 to 0.91 ppm for fruit and vegetables, barley, and wheat flour; from 0.3 

to 47 parts per billion (ppb) for butter; and from 0.41 parts per trillion (ppt) to 5.0 ppb for 

water. (Information on specific LODs and LOQs is available upon request.) Verification 

by mass spectrometry or a suitable alternate detection system is required for all initial 

determinations. Verified residue amounts above LOD and below LOQ are reported as 

below quantifiable level and assigned values at one-half LOQ at the request of EPA for 

use in dietary risk assessment. If a detected residue exceeds the established tolerance, 

the sample is reanalyzed from the frozen homogenate, along with the appropriate blanks 

and a spike of the residue at the suspected level. 
Appendix D 

Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons 

 PDP is designed to provide a comprehensive statistical picture of pesticide residues in 

the U.S. food supply, representing all sources including imports. Most commodities 

consumed are generally produced in the United States with import components that vary by 

commodity. However, several commodities tested over the past several years were cyclical; 

that is, part of the year the commodity was produced domestically and part of the year it was 

imported. 

Appendix D compares residue data reported for samples originating in the United 

States with those of the same commodity from major exporting countries. Residue data for 

domestic cucumbers and sweet bell peppers are compared with data for samples originating 

in Mexico for 2002 and 2003. Only residues detected in more than 10 percent of all samples 

are included in this comparison. Residue data for asparagus from the United States are 

compared with data for samples originating in Mexico and Peru for 2002 and 2003. Only 

residues detected in more than 10 individual samples are included in this comparison. All 

pesticides detected were registered in the United States. However, the profiles of residue 

findings were markedly different in the United States samples versus samples from these 

exporting countries. The differences in residue detections between countries were likely due 

to the pesticides used in response to pest pressures based on differing environmental, 

climatic, and growing conditions. 
Origin Year

# of 

Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2002 76 42 55 89

2003 375 216 58 423

2002-2003 451 258 57 512

Mexico 2002 102 82 80 212

2003 324 275 85 721

2002-2003 426 357 84 933

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Endosulfan I United States 451 95 21

Mexico 426 175 41

Endosulfan II United States 451 63 14

Mexico 426 112 26

Endosulfan sulfate United States 451 131 29

Mexico 426 261 61

Metalaxyl United States 451 58 13

Mexico 426 140 33

Methamidophos United States 451 18 4

Mexico 426 83 19

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in cucumbers are listed in Appendix E.

Appendix D. Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons

2002-2003 Distribution of Residues for Cucumbers

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Mexico

2002-2003 Distribution of Residues for Cucumber Samples

Originating in Mexico vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Percent of all Samples)

Appendix D. Page 1 of 3
Origin Year

# of 

Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2002 151 139 92 286

2003 516 430 83 1272

2002-2003 667 569 85 1,558

Mexico 2002 14 13 93 58

2003 152 149 98 771

2002-2003 166 162 98 829

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Acephate United States 667 169 25

Mexico 166 17 10

Bifenthrin United States 667 76 11

Mexico 166 20 12

Chlorpyrifos United States 667 17 3

Mexico 166 117 70

Dicofol p,p' United States 667 94 14

Mexico 166 35 21

Endosulfan II United States 667 31 5

Mexico 166 57 34

Imidacloprid United States 203 162 80

Mexico 10 6 60

Metalaxyl United States 667 118 18

Mexico 166 12 7

Methamidophos United States 667 183 27

Mexico 166 81 49

Methomyl United States 667 111 17

Mexico 166 20 12

Oxamyl United States 667 66 10

Mexico 166 45 27

Permethrin cis United States 667 35 5

Mexico 166 61 37

Permethrin trans United States 667 38 6

Mexico 166 64 39

Tebufenozide United States 653 92 14

Mexico 166 5 3

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in peppers are listed in Appendix E.

2002-2003 Distribution of Residues for Sweet Bell Peppers

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Mexico

2002-2003 Distribution of Residues for Sweet Bell Pepper Samples

Originating in Mexico vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Percent of all Samples)

Appendix D. Page 2 of 3
Origin Year

# of

Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2002 212 8 4 10

2003 178 14 8 20

2002-2003 390 22 6 30

Mexico 2002 183 19 10 22

2003 99 4 4 4

2002-2003 282 23 8 26

Peru 2002 265 29 11 31

2003 69 7 10 7

2002-2003 334 36 11 38

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Chlorpyrifos United States 390 4 1

Mexico 282 3 1

Peru 334 20 6

Methomyl United States 390 2 <1

Mexico 282 4 1

Peru 334 10 3

Metribuzin United States 390 0 0

Mexico 282 9 3

Peru 334 0 0

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in asparagus are listed in Appendix E.

2002 Distribution of Residues for Asparagus Samples

Originating in Mexico and Peru vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Samples)

 Mexico and Peru

2002-2003 Distribution of Residues for Asparagus

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in

Appendix D. Page 3 of 3
*** Pesticide Data Program Annual Summary Calendar Year 2003*** 

Correction issued June 10, 2005 

Appendix E

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Fruit and Vegetables 

Appendix E shows residue detections for all fruit and vegetable 

pesticide/commodity pairs tested, including range of values detected, range of Limits 

of Detection (LODs), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tolerances, and Codex 

Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) 

references for each pair. 

Some LODs and values detected have been rounded up to 3 decimal places 

for reporting purposes. The 2003 database, available for download from the PDP 

Web site, contains the actual values. 

In 2003, 8,710 fruit and vegetable samples were analyzed (excluding the 

triazole special survey), of which 5,709 were fresh product and 3,001 were processed 

product. 

PDP reports tolerance violations to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 

as part of an interagency Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. 

Department of Agriculture and FDA. Residues reported to FDA are shown in the 

“Pesticide/Commodity” column to the right of the commodity and are annotated as 

“X” (if the residue exceeded the established tolerance) or “V” [if the residue did not 

have a tolerance listed in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Part 180]. 

In both cases, these annotations are followed by a number indicating the number of 

samples reported to FDA. 

Data to establish Codex MRLs are evaluated by the Food and 

Agriculture/World Health Organization-sponsored Joint Meeting on Pesticide 

Residues (JMPR) based on toxicology, residue occurrence in crops determined by 

supervised field trials, and dietary exposure. The Codex Committee on Pesticide 

Residues meets annually to discuss proposed MRLs and recommends approval to 

the Codex Alimentarius Commission. This means that Codex MRLs represent levels 

that are considered safe to humans. MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from 

the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 36th

Session, April 19-24, 2004, New Delhi, India, and Proc. of Codex Committee on 

Pesticide Residues, 35th Session (ALINORM), March 31-April 5, 2003, Rotterdam, 

The Netherlands. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Acephate (insecticide)

Asparagus 101 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Asparagus, Canned 101 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Cantaloupe (X-1) 186 5 2.7 0.003 - 0.036 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Cucumbers (X-5) 614 13 2.1 0.003 - 0.39 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 136 18.3 0.003 - 0.090 0.002 - 0.005 3 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.02 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 3 3 100 0.003 - 0.007 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.02 -

Spinach (X-1) 736 4 0.5 0.008 - 0.035 0.005 ^ 0.02 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 160 21.6 0.004 - 0.60 0.003 ^ 4.0 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.02 -

Sweet Potatoes 1 1 100 0.023 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

TOTAL 5,061 322

Acibenzolar S methyl (plant activator)

Tomatoes 742 0 0.018 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 742 0

Alachlor (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,353 0

Aldicarb (insecticide) 

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.018 - 0.021 NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen (V-1) 350 1 0.3 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.010 - 0.012 0.1 0.1

TOTAL 3,879 1

Aldicarb sulfone (metabolite of Aldicarb) 

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 4 0.5 0.003 - 0.023 0.002 - 0.021 0.1 0.1

TOTAL 3,746 4

Aldicarb sulfoxide (metabolite of Aldicarb)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 8 1.1 0.003 - 0.083 0.002 - 0.027 0.1 0.1

TOTAL 3,879 8

APPENDIX E. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

Appendix E. Page 1 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Acephate (insecticide)

Asparagus 101 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Asparagus, Canned 101 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Cantaloupe (X-1) 186 5 2.7 0.003 - 0.036 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Cucumbers (X-5) 614 13 2.1 0.003 - 0.39 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 136 18.3 0.003 - 0.090 0.002 - 0.005 3 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.02 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 3 3 100 0.003 - 0.007 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.02 -

Spinach (X-1) 736 4 0.5 0.008 - 0.035 0.005 ^ 0.02 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 160 21.6 0.004 - 0.60 0.003 ^ 4.0 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.02 -

Sweet Potatoes 1 1 100 0.023 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

TOTAL 5,061 322

Acibenzolar S methyl (plant activator)

Tomatoes 742 0 0.018 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 742 0

Alachlor (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,353 0

Aldicarb (insecticide) 

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.018 - 0.021 NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen (V-1) 350 1 0.3 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.010 - 0.012 0.1 0.1

TOTAL 3,879 1

Aldicarb sulfone (metabolite of Aldicarb) 

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 4 0.5 0.003 - 0.023 0.002 - 0.021 0.1 0.1

TOTAL 3,746 4

Aldicarb sulfoxide (metabolite of Aldicarb)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 8 1.1 0.003 - 0.083 0.002 - 0.027 0.1 0.1

TOTAL 3,879 8

APPENDIX E. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

Appendix E. Page 1 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Aldrin (insecticide) (parent of Dieldrin)

Asparagus 250 0 0.002 ^ 0.03 AL -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ 0.03 AL -

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL 0.1

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.05

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.006 ^ 0.02 AL -

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.05

Sweet Bell Peppers 90 0 0.007 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.03 AL 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.1 AL 0.1

Tomatoes 742 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 4,244 0

Allethrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 211 0 0.015 - 0.030 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 42 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.010 - 0.016 4 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.031 ^ EX -

Pears 187 0 0.010 - 0.015 EX -

Spinach 120 0 0.016 ^ EX -

Sweet Bell Peppers 140 0 0.030 ^ EX -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 373 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.031 ^ EX -

TOTAL 2,743 0

Ametryn (herbicide)

Cucumbers 525 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

TOTAL 678 0

Anilazine (fungicide)

Asparagus 228 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 231 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,382 0

Atrazine (herbicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.008 - 0.025 NT -

Spinach (V-1) 736 1 0.1 0.040 ^ 0.024 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.010 - 0.024 0.25 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,634 1

Azinphos methyl (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.011 ^ NT 0.5

Asparagus, Canned 233 0 0.011 ^ NT 0.5

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.012 2.0 0.2

Cucumbers 739 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 0.2

Green Beans, Canned 743 2 0.3 0.013 - 0.037 0.005 - 0.008 2.0 0.5

Mushrooms 394 0 0.020 ^ NT 0.5

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.023 ^ 2.0 2

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 14 21.2 0.013 - 0.24 0.008 ^ 1.5 2

Pears 187 45 24.1 0.013 - 0.46 0.008 - 0.011 1.5 2

Spinach 736 0 0.012 ^ 2.0 0.5

Appendix E. Page 2 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.012 - 0.020 0.3 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.012 ^ NT 0.5

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.008 - 0.011 NT 0.5

Tomatoes 742 0 0.023 ^ 2.0 1

TOTAL 6,558 61

Azoxystrobin (fungicide)

Pears 133 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 43 0 0.007 ^ 0.03 -

TOTAL 176 0

Bendiocarb (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 36 0 0.002 ^ SU -

Pears 187 0 0.003 - 0.005 SU -

TOTAL 223 0

Benomyl (fungicide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 246 24 9.8 0.001 - 0.002 0.001 ^ 0.2 -

Sweet Potatoes 499 0 0.006 ^ 0.2 -

TOTAL 745 24

BHC alpha (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.05 AL -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.001 ^ 0.05 AL -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.05 AL -

Spinach 120 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 90 0 0.007 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 521 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 3,116 0

BHC beta (isomer of BHC alpha)

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.001 ^ 0.05 AL -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 521 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 2,533 0

Bifenazate (acaricide)

Pears 54 1 1.9 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.75 -

TOTAL 54 1

Bifenthrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.011 ^ 0.05 -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.011 ^ 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.4 -

Cucumbers 739 5 0.7 0.018 ^ 0.010 - 0.011 0.4 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 114 15.3 0.013 - 0.047 0.008 - 0.010 0.6 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

Pears 187 0 0.010 - 0.037 0.5 0.5

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ 0.2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 79 10.7 0.005 - 0.080 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.05 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.010 - 0.011 0.05 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 2 0.3 0.027 ^ 0.010 - 0.016 0.05 -

TOTAL 5,997 200

Bromacil (herbicide)

Cucumbers 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 525 0

Appendix E. Page 3 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Buprofezin (insecticide)

Asparagus 229 0 0.015 - 0.075 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 42 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.015 ^ 0.50 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.009 - 0.015 0.50 1

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,592 0

Butylate (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 525 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,331 0

Cadusafos (insecticide)

Cucumbers 153 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 153 0

Captafol (fungicide) (parent of THPI)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Onion 719 0 0.018 - 0.035 0.1 -

Pears 111 0 0.015 - 0.050 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.040 ^ 15 -

TOTAL 3,713 0

Captan (fungicide) (parent of THPI)

Cantaloupe 168 0 0.012 ^ 25 -

Cucumbers 596 0 0.012 ^ 25 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.005 - 0.012 25 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.019 - 0.064 NT -

Onion 525 0 0.014 ^ 25 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.012 ^ 50 15

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.012 ^ 25 25

Pears 187 3 1.6 0.020 - 0.92 0.008 - 0.025 25 25

Spinach 736 0 0.012 ^ 100 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 58 7.8 0.032 - 1.3 0.019 ^ 25 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 408 0 0.012 ^ 2 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 30 0 0.012 ^ 2 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.012 ^ 25 15

TOTAL 6,078 61

Carbaryl (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 5 1.4 0.013 - 2.5 0.008 - 0.010 10 10

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.008 - 0.010 10 10

Cantaloupe 186 4 2.2 0.013 - 0.032 0.002 - 0.008 10 3

Cucumbers 739 26 3.5 0.013 - 0.20 0.008 ^ 10 3

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.008 - 0.010 10 5

Peaches, Canned 742 132 17.8 0.017 - 0.38 0.010 ^ 10 10

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 3 4.5 0.011 - 0.32 0.002 ^ 10.0 5

Pears 187 3 1.6 0.003 - 0.021 0.002 - 0.010 10.0 5

Spinach 736 0 0.008 ^ 12 10

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 54 7.3 0.002 - 0.65 0.001 ^ 10 5

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.008 ^ 5 1

Sweet Peas, Frozen 54 0 0.008 ^ 10 5

Sweet Potatoes 734 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 0.2 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.010 ^ 10 5

TOTAL 6,922 228

Appendix E. Page 4 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Carbendazim - MBC (fungicide)

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ 7.0 3

TOTAL 133 0

Carbofuran (insecticide) (parent of 3-Hydroxycarbofuran)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.013 0.2 -

Cucumbers (X-2) 739 3 0.4 0.022 - 0.53 0.013 - 0.018 0.2 -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 10 1.4 0.003 - 0.088 0.001 - 0.004 0.2 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.008 - 0.013 0.2 -

TOTAL 3,594 13

Carbophenothion (insecticide)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,135 0

Carboxin (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 215 0 0.008 ^ 0.2 -

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.008 - 0.016 0.2 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 54 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,622 0

Carfentrazone ethyl (herbicide)

Pears 133 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.036 ^ 0.10 -

TOTAL 875 0

Chlordane cis (insecticide) (isomer of Chlordane)

Asparagus 250 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

Green Beans, Canned 636 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Mushrooms 394 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.02

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.1 AL 0.02

Spinach 120 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Potatoes 627 0 0.002 - 0.019 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

TOTAL 5,273 0

Chlordane trans (insecticide) (isomer of Chlordane)

Asparagus 250 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

Green Beans, Canned 636 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.1 AL 0.02

Spinach 120 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Appendix E. Page 5 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Potatoes 627 0 0.002 - 0.020 0.1 AL 0.02

Tomatoes 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

TOTAL 4,879 0

Chlorethoxyfos (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.01 -

TOTAL 1,353 0

Chlorfenvinphos total (insecticide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 184 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 184 0

Chlorfenvinphos beta (insecticide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 557 0 0.003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 557 0

Chlorothalonil (fungicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.1 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.005 ^ 5 2

Cucumbers 739 21 2.8 0.008 - 0.057 0.005 - 0.008 5 5

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.002 - 0.005 5 5

Mushrooms 158 1 0.6 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ 1.0 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.008 ^ 0.5 0.2

Pears 133 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Spinach 62 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.005 ^ 1 0.01

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Tomatoes 742 48 6.5 0.013 - 0.29 0.008 ^ 5 5

TOTAL 4,680 70

Chlorpropham (herbicide, growth regulator)

Asparagus 250 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.011 - 0.037 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.017 ^ 0.3 -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-10) 741 10 1.3 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,437 10

Chlorpyrifos (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 10 2.8 0.006 - 0.060 0.004 ^ 5.0 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 6 1.7 0.006 - 0.025 0.004 ^ 5.0 -

Cantaloupe 186 2 1.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

Cucumbers 739 11 1.5 0.007 - 0.038 0.004 ^ 0.05 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.05 0.01

Mushrooms 552 1 0.2 0.007 ^ 0.001 - 0.004 0.1 -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ 0.5 0.2

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.5

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 1

Pears 187 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 1

Spinach 736 18 2.4 0.007 - 0.035 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 134 18.1 0.002 - 0.56 0.001 ^ 1.0 2

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 0.01

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 0.01

Appendix E. Page 6 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Potatoes (X-1) 734 111 15.1 0.002 - 0.084 0.001 - 0.004 0.05 -

Tomatoes 742 29 3.9 0.017 - 0.071 0.010 ^ 0.5 0.5

TOTAL 8,185 322

Clofentezine (insecticide)

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.006 ^ 0.5 0.5

Pears 54 0 0.007 ^ 0.5 0.5

TOTAL 120 0

Clomazone (herbicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.05 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.008 - 0.009 0.1 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.05 -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach 120 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 0 0.004 - 0.014 0.05 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.008 - 0.015 0.05 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.008 - 0.023 0.05 -

TOTAL 4,432 0

Coumaphos (insecticide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.006 - 0.009 NT -

TOTAL 741 0

Coumaphos oxygen analog (metabolite of Coumaphos)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.008 - 0.012 NT -

TOTAL 1,135 0

Cyanazine (herbicide)

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.035 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 153 0

Cycloate (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.016 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,218 0

Cyfluthrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.023 - 0.060 0.05 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.023 - 0.060 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.060 ^ 0.05 -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.045 ^ 0.05 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.041 - 0.060 0.05 -

Onion 741 0 0.048 - 0.060 0.05 -

Pears 187 0 0.023 - 0.077 0.05 -

Spinach 736 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.041 - 0.91 0.50 0.2

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.030 - 0.060 0.05 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 495 0 0.023 - 0.060 0.25 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.079 ^ 0.20 0.5

TOTAL 6,685 0

 Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) (insecticide) **

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ 0.01 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 ^ 0.01 -

Onion 525 0 0.006 - 0.008 0.1 -

Spinach (X-12) 674 12 1.8 0.027 - 0.26 0.016 ^ 0.01 -

Appendix E. Page 7 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 27 3.6 0.005 - 0.058 0.003 - 0.083 0.20 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 394 0 0.016 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 2,860 39

Cyhalothrin, Lambda (insecticide)

Asparagus (X-1) 250 1 0.4 0.052 ^ 0.015 ^ 0.01 -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ 0.01 -

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.010 ^ 0.01 -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.060 ^ 0.01 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.010 - 0.060 0.20 -

Mushrooms 158 0 0.060 ^ 0.01 -

Onion 216 0 0.060 ^ 0.1 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 53 0 0.060 ^ 0.30 0.2

Pears 187 1 0.5 0.025 ^ 0.010 - 0.050 0.30 0.2

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.060 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.015 - 0.060 0.01 -

Sweet Potatoes 124 0 0.010 - 0.060 0.01 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.047 ^ 0.20 -

TOTAL 4,007 2

Cypermethrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.036 ^ NT 0.2

Green Beans, Canned 528 44 8.3 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 0.5 0.5

Mushrooms 394 0 0.052 ^ NT 0.05

Onion 741 0 0.035 - 0.052 0.10 0.1

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 53 0 0.035 ^ NT 2

Pears 187 0 0.023 - 0.077 NT 2

Spinach 736 110 14.9 0.050 - 2.9 0.030 ^ 10.00 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.051 - 0.72 0.2 0.5

Sweet Corn, Frozen 503 0 0.030 - 0.035 0.05 0.05

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.023 ^ 0.1 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.025 - 0.035 NT 0.05

Tomatoes 742 0 0.057 ^ 0.2 0.5

TOTAL 6,968 154

Cyprodinil (fungicide)

Peaches, Canned 742 12 1.6 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 2.0 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 187 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 995 12

Cyromazine (insect growth regulator)

Mushrooms 26 26 100 0.18 - 0.93 0.11 ^ 1.0 5

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 2 0.3 0.004 ^ 0.002 - 0.11 1.0 1

TOTAL 767 28

DCPA (herbicide)

Asparagus (V-1) 250 1 0.4 0.004 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 2 1.1 0.010 - 0.012 0.006 - 0.007 1 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.006 ^ 1 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.002 - 0.006 2 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Onion 741 0 0.006 - 0.007 1 -

Pears 133 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Spinach (V-3) 736 3 0.4 0.012 - 0.031 0.007 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 10 1.3 0.001 - 0.045 0.001 ^ 2 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.006 - 0.007 0.05 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Appendix E. Page 8 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.003 - 0.006 2 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.006 ^ 1 -

TOTAL 7,388 16

DDD o,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Mushrooms 380 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 1,121 0

DDD p,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Asparagus 351 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.1 AL -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Mushrooms 552 1 0.2 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Pears 187 0 0.004 - 0.015 0.1 AL -

Spinach 120 0 0.020 ^ 0.5 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.2 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 213 0 0.008 ^ 1 AL -

TOTAL 4,954 1

DDE p,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Asparagus 351 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.5 AL -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.5 AL -

Cantaloupe 186 5 2.7 0.012 - 0.023 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Cucumbers 739 1 0.1 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Green Beans, Canned 743 1 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 0.2 AL -

Mushrooms 552 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 0.5 AL -

Onion 741 0 0.005 - 0.007 0.2 AL -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.005 ^ 0.2 AL -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Pears 187 0 0.004 - 0.015 0.1 AL -

Spinach 736 177 24 0.012 - 0.077 0.007 ^ 0.5 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 7 0.9 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 505 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.2 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 734 1 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 1 AL -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 8,666 193

DDT o,p' (insecticide)

Mushrooms 394 1 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 1,135 1

DDT p,p' (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.004 - 0.015 0.5 AL -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Mushrooms 552 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Pears 187 0 0.004 - 0.015 0.1 AL -

Appendix E. Page 9 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 AL -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.2 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 213 0 0.008 ^ 1 AL -

TOTAL 4,702 1

Deltamethrin (insecticide) (includes parent Tralomethrin)

Asparagus 250 0 0.011 - 0.037 0.05 -

Asparagus, Canned 231 0 0.037 ^ 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.015 - 0.24 0.05 0.01

Cucumbers 325 0 0.015 - 0.020 0.05 0.2

Mushrooms 394 0 0.024 ^ 0.05 0.01

Onion 525 0 0.064 ^ 0.05 0.1

Pears 187 0 0.015 - 0.077 0.05 0.1

Spinach 120 0 0.24 ^ 0.05 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.024 - 0.53 0.05 0.2

Sweet Peas, Frozen 373 0 0.011 - 0.075 0.05 0.1

Sweet Potatoes 627 0 0.015 - 0.048 0.05 0.01

TOTAL 3,959 0

Demeton-S sulfone (insecticide) (metabolite of Demeton-S)

Sweet Bell Peppers 557 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 557 0

Desmedipham (herbicide)

Mushrooms (V-1) 1 1 100 0.092 ^ 0.026 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 495 0 0.030 - 0.21 NT -

TOTAL 496 1

Diazinon (insecticide)

Asparagus 249 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.75 0.2

Cucumbers 739 2 0.3 0.079 - 0.13 0.002 ^ 0.75 0.1

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 0.2

Mushrooms 552 115 20.8 0.003 - 0.093 0.002 - 0.004 0.75 -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ 0.75 0.05

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.015 ^ 0.7 0.2

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 2

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.5 2

Spinach 736 2 0.3 0.012 - 0.031 0.007 ^ 0.7 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 2 0.3 0.015 - 0.025 0.004 ^ 0.5 0.05

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.7 0.02

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.5 0.2

Sweet Potatoes 734 1 0.1 0.001 ^ 0.001 - 0.002 0.1 -

Tomatoes 742 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 0.75 0.5

TOTAL 7,982 123

Diazinon oxygen analog (metabolite of Diazinon)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.003 ^ 0.75 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.003 - 0.005 0.5 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ 0.75 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 187 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.016 ^ 0.7 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.5 -

Appendix E. Page 10 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.026 ^ 0.75 -

TOTAL 7,480 0

Dichlobenil (herbicide)

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.014 ^ 0.15 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Pears 187 0 0.005 - 0.013 0.5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.019 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,736 0

Dichlorvos - DDVP (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Naled)

Asparagus 351 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Mushrooms 494 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 0.5

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 727 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 7,259 0

Dicloran (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 739 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ 5 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.002 - 0.008 20 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Onion 741 2 0.3 0.011 ^ 0.007 - 0.022 10 0.2

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.009 ^ 20 15

Pears 133 0 0.004 - 0.013 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-2) 741 2 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 359 48.9 0.004 - 6.0 0.002 - 0.008 10 -

Tomatoes 742 20 2.7 0.015 - 0.23 0.009 ^ 5 0.5

TOTAL 7,879 384

Dicofol o,p' (insecticide)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 69 9.3 0.005 - 0.21 0.003 - 0.006 5 1

TOTAL 1,135 69

Dicofol p,p' (isomer of Dicofol o,p')

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.010 - 0.018 5 0.2

Cucumbers 739 9 1.2 0.017 - 0.16 0.010 - 0.020 5 0.5

Green Beans, Canned 743 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 - 0.010 5 2

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.021 ^ 10 5

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.010 ^ 5 -

Pears 187 2 1.1 0.025 - 0.20 0.010 - 0.050 5 -

Spinach 736 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Appendix E. Page 11 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 103 13.9 0.005 - 1.1 0.003 ^ 5 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 427 0 0.010 - 0.015 NT -

Tomatoes 742 27 3.6 0.022 - 0.33 0.013 - 0.021 5 1

TOTAL 6,556 142

Dieldrin (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Aldrin)

Asparagus 351 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.03 AL -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.03 AL -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.006 - 0.018 0.1 AL 0.1

Cucumbers 739 33 4.5 0.010 - 0.038 0.006 ^ 0.1 AL 0.1

Green Beans, Canned 743 1 0.1 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.05

Mushrooms 552 0 0.005 - 0.006 NT -

Onion 741 0 0.006 ^ 0.1 AL 0.05

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.005 ^ 0.02 AL -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.006 ^ 0.03 AL 0.05

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.03 AL 0.05

Spinach 736 0 0.018 ^ 0.05 AL 0.05

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.006 - 0.018 0.02 AL -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 154 0 0.006 ^ 0.03 AL 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 734 6 0.8 0.003 - 0.010 0.002 - 0.006 0.1 AL 0.1

Tomatoes 742 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 8,315 40

Difenoconazole (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.072 ^ NT -

Spinach 674 0 0.072 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 394 0 0.072 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,200 0

Diflubenzuron (insecticide)

Mushrooms 394 6 1.5 0.011 - 0.037 0.006 - 0.007 0.2 0.1

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.006 ^ 0.50 1

Pears 54 0 0.007 ^ 0.50 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 20 2.7 0.011 - 0.12 0.006 - 0.007 1.0 -

TOTAL 1,255 26

Dimethenamid (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 394 0 0.016 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 1,200 0

Dimethoate (insecticide) (parent of Omethoate)

Asparagus 351 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.15 0.05

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.15 0.05

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.007 1 -

Cucumbers (V-10) 562 10 1.8 0.003 - 1.95 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 743 1 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.005 2 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 2 3 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 2 1

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.004 2 1

Spinach (X-1) 736 8 1.1 0.012 - 2.6 0.007 ^ 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 42 5.7 0.004 - 0.12 0.002 ^ 2 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 93 16.9 0.003 - 0.093 0.002 - 0.004 2 0.5

Tomatoes 742 0 0.009 ^ 2 1

TOTAL 5,961 156

Appendix E. Page 12 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Dimethomorph (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.030 - 0.050 1.0 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.030 - 0.060 1.0 -

Spinach 62 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 136 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 16 0 0.030 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,748 0

Diphenamid (herbicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 - 0.075 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 506 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.020 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,500 0

Diphenylamine (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 506 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Conc/Puree (V-1) 66 1 1.5 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears (V-5) 187 5 2.7 0.016 - 0.022 0.010 - 0.015 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-2) 741 2 0.3 0.011 - 0.015 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,589 8

Disulfoton (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.1 0.02

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.1 0.02

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.007 ^ NT 0.5

Cucumbers 525 0 0.003 ^ NT 0.5

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.75 0.2

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.007 ^ 0.75 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 0.5

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.003 - 0.007 0.3 0.02

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.75 0.02

Tomatoes 742 0 0.021 ^ 0.75 0.5

TOTAL 5,947 0

Disulfoton sulfone (metabolite of Disulfoton)

Asparagus 351 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 0.02

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 0.02

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.009 ^ NT 0.5

Cucumbers 525 0 0.004 ^ NT 0.5

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.75 0.2

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.009 ^ 0.75 0.5

Appendix E. Page 13 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 2 0.3 0.010 ^ 0.006 - 0.009 0.1 0.5

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.004 - 0.009 0.3 0.02

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.004 ^ 0.75 0.02

Tomatoes 742 0 0.008 ^ 0.75 0.5

TOTAL 5,553 2

Diuron (herbicide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 246 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 246 0

Endosulfan I (insecticide)

Asparagus (V-1) 250 1 0.4 0.004 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.005 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Cucumbers 739 231 31.3 0.008 - 0.44 0.005 ^ 2.0 0.5

Green Beans, Canned 743 1 0.1 0.021 ^ 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 0.5

Mushrooms 394 0 0.006 - 0.020 NT -

Onion 525 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.2

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 1

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.005 ^ 2.0 1

Pears 187 1 0.5 0.057 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 2.0 1

Spinach 736 3 0.4 0.022 - 0.027 0.007 ^ 2.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 63 8.5 0.010 - 0.086 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.005 - 0.007 0.2 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes 742 84 11.3 0.007 - 0.19 0.004 ^ 2.0 0.5

TOTAL 8,134 384

Endosulfan II (metabolite of Endosulfan)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.006 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Cucumbers 739 153 20.7 0.010 - 0.092 0.006 ^ 2.0 0.5

Green Beans, Canned 743 1 0.1 0.028 ^ 0.002 - 0.006 2.0 0.5

Mushrooms 394 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Onion 525 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.2

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 1

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 1

Pears 187 1 0.5 0.099 ^ 0.004 - 0.013 2.0 1

Spinach 736 2 0.3 0.012 - 0.027 0.007 ^ 2.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 83 11.2 0.010 - 0.13 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.006 - 0.007 0.2 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.004 - 0.006 2.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes 742 147 19.8 0.007 - 0.30 0.004 ^ 2.0 0.5

TOTAL 8,134 387

Endosulfan sulfate (metabolite of Endosulfan)

Asparagus (V-1) 250 1 0.4 0.006 ^ 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 85 45.7 0.012 - 0.065 0.007 ^ 2.0 0.5

Cucumbers 739 331 44.8 0.010 - 0.10 0.006 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Green Beans, Canned 743 3 0.4 0.003 - 0.020 0.002 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Mushrooms 394 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Onion 525 0 0.007 ^ NT 0.2

Peaches, Canned 742 1 0.1 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 2.0 1

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.007 ^ 2.0 1

Pears 187 3 1.6 0.006 - 0.051 0.004 - 0.013 2.0 1

Spinach 736 19 2.6 0.012 - 0.13 0.007 ^ 2.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 29 3.9 0.032 - 0.10 0.020 ^ 2.0 -

Appendix E. Page 14 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.007 ^ 0.2 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 5 0.7 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 0.2 0.2

Tomatoes 742 82 11.1 0.010 - 0.071 0.006 ^ 2.0 0.5

TOTAL 8,134 559

Endrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.040 0.05 AL 0.05

Cucumbers 126 8 6.3 0.013 - 0.036 0.008 ^ 0.05 AL 0.05

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Pears 133 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Spinach 120 0 0.040 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 427 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 3,714 8

EPTC (herbicide)

Mushrooms 351 0 0.063 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 619 0 0.063 ^ 0.1 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.018 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,712 0

Esfenvalerate (insecticide) (isomer of Fenvalerate)

Asparagus 18 0 0.038 ^ 0.05 -

Cucumbers 437 0 0.051 ^ 0.05 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.055 ^ 0.05 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 31 0 0.038 ^ 0.05 -

Spinach 62 0 0.021 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 44 0 0.021 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Potatoes 521 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.055 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 2,597 0

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total (insecticide)

Asparagus 333 0 0.038 - 0.057 0.05 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.038 - 0.057 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 168 0 0.015 - 0.042 1.0 0.2

Cucumbers 302 0 0.015 - 0.099 0.5 0.2

Green Beans, Canned 369 0 0.015 - 0.057 2.0 1

Mushrooms 552 0 0.003 - 0.057 0.05 -

Onion 741 0 0.014 - 0.057 0.05 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 35 0 0.053 ^ 2.0 2

Pears 18 0 0.050 ^ 2.0 2

Spinach (X-1) 736 1 0.1 0.51 ^ 0.042 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.042 - 0.057 0.1 0.1

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.038 - 0.057 1.0 0.1

Sweet Potatoes 213 0 0.015 - 0.057 0.05 0.05

TOTAL 4,917 1

Ethalfluralin (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.015 - 0.040 0.05 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.011 - 0.015 0.05 -

Mushrooms 379 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Spinach 120 0 0.040 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.017 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,165 0

Appendix E. Page 15 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Ethiofencarb (insecticide)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.015 - 0.016 NT -

TOTAL 1,268 0

Ethion (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,912 0

Ethion mono oxon (metabolite of Ethion)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,135 0

Ethoprop (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT 0.02

Cucumbers 739 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 0.02

Green Beans, Canned 215 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Spinach 736 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.02

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.002 - 0.016 0.02 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 54 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.02

Sweet Potatoes 734 2 0.3 0.002 - 0.007 0.001 - 0.002 0.02 0.02

TOTAL 3,898 2

Etridiazole (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.028 ^ 0.15 -

TOTAL 2,301 0

Fenamiphos (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.001 - 0.004 0.02 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.001 - 0.004 0.02 -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.006 ^ NT 0.05

Cucumbers 525 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.011 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 133 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,381 0

Fenamiphos sulfone (metabolite of Fenamiphos)

Asparagus 351 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.02 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.02 -

Appendix E. Page 16 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.012 ^ NT 0.05

Cucumbers (V-2) 525 2 0.4 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.018 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 133 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.012 - 0.036 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,381 2

Fenamiphos sulfoxide (metabolite of Fenamiphos)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.023 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 133 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

TOTAL 2,010 0

Fenarimol (fungicide)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 187 0 0.015 - 0.025 0.1 0.3

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 0 0.010 - 0.064 NT 0.5

TOTAL 1,306 0

Fenbuconazole (fungicide)

Cucumbers 525 0 0.030 ^ NT 0.2

Mushrooms 394 0 0.014 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 380 0 0.061 ^ 2.0 0.5

Pears 133 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.1

Sweet Bell Peppers 266 0 0.001 - 0.014 NT -

TOTAL 1,698 0

Fenhexamid (fungicide)

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.039 ^ 6.0 -

TOTAL 742 0

Fenitrothion (insecticide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

TOTAL 741 0

Fenpropathrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.016 - 0.020 0.5 -

Cucumbers 739 1 0.1 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.5 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 5 7.6 0.033 - 0.15 0.020 ^ 5.0 5

Pears 187 13 7 0.033 - 0.29 0.015 - 0.020 5.0 5

Spinach 120 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 741 1 0.1 0.026 ^ 0.016 ^ NT 1

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 31 4.2 0.052 - 0.40 0.031 ^ 0.6 1

TOTAL 4,073 51

Fenthion (insecticide)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,268 0

Appendix E. Page 17 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Fenvalerate (insecticide) (isomer of Esfenvalerate)

Asparagus 18 0 0.057 ^ 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 18 0 0.015 ^ 1.0 0.2

Cucumbers 437 0 0.099 ^ 0.5 0.2

Green Beans, Canned 374 0 0.075 ^ 2.0 1

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.055 ^ 10.0 5

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 31 0 0.057 ^ 2.0 2

Pears 169 0 0.015 - 0.13 2.0 2

Spinach 62 0 0.042 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 39 5.3 0.012 - 0.16 0.009 - 0.29 1.0 0.5

Sweet Corn, Frozen 44 0 0.042 ^ 0.1 0.1

Tomatoes 742 0 0.055 ^ 1.0 1

TOTAL 3,378 39

Fludioxonil (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.036 ^ 0.01 -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.015 ^ 0.01 -

Green Beans, Canned 559 0 0.015 - 0.050 0.01 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Onion 216 0 0.015 ^ 0.2 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.11 ^ 5.0 -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.036 ^ 0.01 -

Sweet Bell Peppers (X-4) 741 4 0.5 0.020 - 0.045 0.012 ^ 0.01 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 475 0 0.015 - 0.036 0.02 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.001 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 5,048 4

Fluridone (herbicide)

Asparagus, Canned 211 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.016 - 0.050 0.1 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.035 - 0.070 0.1 -

Green Beans, Canned 721 0 0.035 - 0.15 0.1 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.035 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 54 0 0.035 ^ 0.1 -

Spinach 718 0 0.016 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 647 0 0.024 - 0.80 0.1 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 525 0 0.016 - 0.035 0.1 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 263 0 0.015 - 0.050 0.1 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.002 - 0.035 0.1 -

TOTAL 4,864 0

Folpet (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 - 0.050 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.017 - 0.066 15 3

Cucumbers 739 0 0.012 - 0.017 15 1

Pears 111 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.066 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.066 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.010 ^ 25 -

TOTAL 3,367 0

Fonofos (insecticide)

Asparagus 101 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 101 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach 62 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 197 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT -

Appendix E. Page 18 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Peas, Frozen 154 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,627 0

Forchlorfenuron (plant growth regulator)

Sweet Bell Peppers 230 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 230 0

Heptachlor (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.001 ^ 0.05 AL -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.001 ^ 0.05 AL -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Mushrooms 380 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 187 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Spinach 736 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,006 0

Heptachlor epoxide (metabolite of Heptachlor)

Asparagus 351 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.004 - 0.006 NT -

Onion 741 0 0.004 - 0.006 NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL -

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Spinach 736 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.004 - 0.006 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,976 0

Hexachlorobenzene - HCB (impurity of Quintozene)

Asparagus 250 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 725 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 133 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 3,770 0

Hexaconazole (fungicide)

Cucumbers 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

TOTAL 525 0

3-Hydroxycarbofuran (metabolite of Carbofuran)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.004 - 0.013 0.2 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.013 - 0.021 0.2 -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Appendix E. Page 19 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Spinach 736 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 6 0.8 0.003 - 0.055 0.001 - 0.002 0.2 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.012 - 0.013 0.2 -

TOTAL 3,610 6

5-Hydroxythiabendazole (metabolite of Thiabendazole)

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

TOTAL 133 0

Imazalil (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.030 ^ NT 2

Cucumbers 525 0 0.030 ^ NT 0.5

Mushrooms 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.005 ^ NT 5

Spinach 736 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.030 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,011 0

Imidacloprid (insecticide) -

Cantaloupe 36 10 27.8 0.017 - 0.056 0.010 ^ 0.5 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 5 7.6 0.015 - 0.045 0.009 ^ 0.6 -

Pears 187 5 2.7 0.015 - 0.028 0.009 - 0.010 0.6 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 243 189 77.8 0.001 - 0.22 0.001 ^ 1.0 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 521 0 0.030 ^ 0.40 -

TOTAL 1,448 209

Indoxacarb (insecticide)

Pears 133 1 0.8 0.016 ^ 0.010 ^ 0.20 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.12 ^ 0.50 -

TOTAL 875 1

Iprodione (fungicide)

Asparagus (V-1) 250 1 0.4 0.038 ^ 0.023 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cucumbers (V-3) 525 3 0.6 0.035 ^ 0.021 ^ NT 2

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.015 - 0.021 2.0 2

Mushrooms 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 642 0 0.034 ^ 20.0 10

Pears 133 0 0.023 - 0.077 NT 5

Spinach (V-1) 736 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.028 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.021 - 0.023 NT -

Tomatoes (V-7) 7 7 100 0.035 - 0.52 0.021 - 0.034 NT 5

TOTAL 5,399 12

Iprodione metabolite isomer (metabolite of Iprodione)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.096 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.096 - 0.098 NT -

TOTAL 1,135 0

Kresoxim-methyl (fungicide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 200 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 200 0

Lindane - BHC gamma (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.006 3 -

Appendix E. Page 20 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cucumbers 739 0 0.002 ^ 3 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.5 AL -

Mushrooms 537 0 0.002 - 0.003 3 -

Onion 525 0 0.004 ^ 1 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.004 ^ 1 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.005 1 -

Spinach 736 0 0.006 ^ 1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 AL -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.004 ^ 3 -

TOTAL 8,479 0

Linuron (herbicide)

Asparagus 351 5 1.4 0.012 - 0.18 0.008 - 0.025 7.0 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.008 - 0.025 7.0 -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.008 - 0.025 NT -

Spinach 62 0 0.097 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 - 0.008 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.025 ^ 0.25 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,717 5

Malathion (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.004 ^ 8 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.004 ^ 8 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.004 - 0.007 8 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.004 ^ 8 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.004 - 0.008 8 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.003 - 0.004 8 -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ 8 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.010 ^ 8 6

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.004 ^ 8 -

Pears 187 0 0.004 ^ 8 -

Spinach 736 0 0.007 ^ 8 3

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 9 1.2 0.005 - 0.060 0.003 ^ 8 0.1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.004 - 0.007 2 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.004 ^ 8 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 4 0.5 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.004 1 0.5

Tomatoes 742 0 0.010 ^ 8 0.5

TOTAL 8,185 13

Malathion oxygen analog (metabolite of Malathion)

Asparagus 101 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Asparagus, Canned 101 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.003 - 0.007 8 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.003 - 0.005 8 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ 8 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.012 ^ 8 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Pears 187 0 0.003 - 0.006 8 -

Spinach 736 0 0.007 ^ 8 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.003 - 0.007 2 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.003 - 0.006 8 -

Appendix E. Page 21 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.012 ^ 8 -

TOTAL 7,682 0

Metalaxyl (fungicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.010 - 0.015 7.0 0.05

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.010 - 0.015 7.0 0.05

Cantaloupe 186 1 0.5 0.035 ^ 0.008 - 0.010 1.0 0.2

Cucumbers 739 157 21.2 0.017 - 0.21 0.010 - 0.011 1.0 0.5

Green Beans, Canned 721 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.2 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.033 ^ 1.0 -

Pears 133 0 0.015 - 0.075 NT 1

Spinach 736 11 1.5 0.013 - 0.079 0.008 ^ 10.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 120 16.2 0.010 - 0.33 0.006 ^ 1.0 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.1 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.2 0.05

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.007 - 0.010 0.5 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.033 ^ 1.0 0.5

TOTAL 7,669 289

Methamidophos (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Acephate)

Asparagus 101 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Asparagus, Canned 101 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Cantaloupe 186 1 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.004 0.5 -

Cucumbers 739 76 10.3 0.003 - 0.70 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

Green Beans, Canned 743 168 22.6 0.003 - 0.11 0.002 - 0.005 1 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.02 -

Peaches, Canned 1 1 100 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ 0.02 -

Pear Juice, Conc./Puree (X-3) 4 4 100 0.009 - 0.057 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Pears 187 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.02 -

Spinach 736 2 0.3 0.007 - 0.019 0.004 ^ 0.02 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 232 31.3 0.002 - 0.52 0.001 ^ 1.0 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.02 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.02 -

Sweet Potatoes 1 1 100 0.012 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Tomatoes 742 92 12.4 0.008 - 0.28 0.005 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 5,930 577

Methidathion (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.2

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 53 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 1

Pears 187 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 1

Spinach 736 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT 0.1

TOTAL 4,233 0

Methiocarb (insecticide) (analyzed as sulfoxide)

Cucumbers 153 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 741 1 0.1 0.008 ^ 0.001 - 0.005 NT -

TOTAL 1,555 1

Methomyl (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 2 0.6 0.012 - 0.027 0.010 - 0.012 2 2

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.010 - 0.012 2 2

Appendix E. Page 22 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cantaloupe 186 19 10.2 0.020 - 0.13 0.012 - 0.017 0.2 0.2

Cucumbers 739 13 1.8 0.020 - 0.15 0.012 ^ 0.2 0.2

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.012 - 0.015 2 2

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.012 ^ 5 5

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.014 ^ 4 2

Pears 187 0 0.010 - 0.014 4 2

Spinach 736 41 5.6 0.020 - 4.2 0.012 ^ 6 5

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 116 15.7 0.001 - 0.35 0.001 ^ 2 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.012 ^ 0.1 2

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.010 - 0.012 5 5

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.2 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.012 ^ 1 1

TOTAL 7,417 191

Methoprene (insect growth regulator)

Mushrooms 552 0 0.014 - 0.030 1.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.014 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,293 0

Methoxychlor Total (insecticide)

Cucumbers 88 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.005 - 0.008 NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 521 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,272 0

Methoxychlor olefin (metabolite of Methoxychlor)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,135 0

Methoxychlor p,p' (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 651 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 215 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 158 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.014 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.008 - 0.025 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.009 - 0.020 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.008 - 0.020 NT -

Sweet Potatoes 213 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.014 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,589 0

Metolachlor (herbicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 189 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.3 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.022 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.016 ^ 0.5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

Appendix E. Page 23 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.1 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.3 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.022 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 6,423 0

Metribuzin (herbicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.015 - 0.030 0.1 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.015 - 0.030 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 712 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.016 - 0.030 0.05 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 495 0 0.015 - 0.075 0.1 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.029 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 5,121 0

Mevinphos Total (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.5 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.2 -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.017 ^ NT D

Pears 133 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.012 ^ 1.0 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 394 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 477 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.25 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.011 ^ 0.2 -

TOTAL 3,935 0

Mevinphos E (isomer of Mevinphos)

Mushrooms 380 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.25 -

TOTAL 1,121 0

Monocrotophos (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.007 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,351 0

Myclobutanil (fungicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.020 - 0.023 0.02 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.020 - 0.023 0.02 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.20 -

Cucumbers 739 2 0.3 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.20 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.020 1.0 -

Mushrooms 366 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 380 0 0.046 ^ 2.0 2

Pears 133 0 0.023 - 0.077 NT 0.5

Spinach 736 0 0.008 ^ 0.03 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 66 8.9 0.002 - 0.064 0.001 - 0.040 1.0 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.03 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.020 - 0.023 0.03 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.012 - 0.020 0.03 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.046 ^ 0.30 0.3

TOTAL 7,301 69

Napropamide (herbicide)

Asparagus 101 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Asparagus, Canned 101 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Appendix E. Page 24 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.020 - 0.040 0.1 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.040 ^ 0.1 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 54 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Spinach 120 0 0.040 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.1 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.040 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 4,720 0

Naptalam (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.24 ^ 0.1 -

Spinach 120 0 0.24 ^ NT -

TOTAL 252 0

1-Napthal (metabolite of Carbaryl)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.010 - 0.16 10 -

Cucumbers 1 1 100 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 10 -

Spinach 120 0 0.16 ^ 12 -

TOTAL 307 1

Nitrapyrin (bactericide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach 718 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 504 0 0.016 - 0.035 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,354 0

Norflurazon (herbicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.05 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 187 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.1 -

Spinach 718 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 328 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,796 0

Norflurazon desmethyl (metabolite of Norflurazon)

Asparagus 351 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.05 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.041 ^ 0.1 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.030 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 187 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.1 -

Spinach 718 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 409 0 0.021 - 0.030 NT -

TOTAL 4,619 0

Omethoate (metabolite of Dimethoate)

Asparagus 347 1 0.3 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.008 0.15 0.05

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.15 0.05

Cantaloupe 186 1 0.5 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.018 1 -

Cucumbers (V-9) 562 9 1.6 0.007 - 0.019 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.004 - 0.005 2 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Appendix E. Page 25 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 4 6.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 2 1

Pears 187 0 0.004 - 0.008 2 1

Spinach 736 20 2.7 0.030 - 0.70 0.018 ^ 2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 32 4.3 0.004 - 0.035 0.002 - 0.008 2 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 25 4.6 0.007 - 0.016 0.004 - 0.008 2 0.5

Tomatoes 742 4 0.5 0.023 ^ 0.014 ^ 2 1

TOTAL 5,957 96

Oryzalin (herbicide)

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 133 0

Oxadixyl (fungicide)

Asparagus, Canned 211 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.015 0.1 -

Cucumbers (X-1) 739 6 0.8 0.025 - 0.15 0.015 ^ 0.1 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.013 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 82 0 0.015 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.013 - 0.015 0.1 -

TOTAL 4,173 6

Oxamyl (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 186 2 1.1 0.013 - 0.017 0.008 - 0.010 2.0 2

Cucumbers 739 46 6.2 0.030 - 0.79 0.018 - 0.021 2.0 2

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.020 ^ NT 0.2

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 -

Pears 187 0 0.008 - 0.010 2.0 -

Spinach (V-1) 736 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 89 12 0.001 - 0.18 0.001 - 0.002 3 2

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.001 - 0.018 0.1 0.1

Tomatoes 742 15 2 0.025 - 0.12 0.015 ^ 2 2

TOTAL 5,009 153

Oxamyl oxime (metabolite of Oxamyl)

Pears 133 0 0.010 ^ 2.0 -

TOTAL 133 0

Oxychlordane (metabolite of Chlordane)

Mushrooms 380 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

TOTAL 1,105 0

Oxydemeton methyl (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.023 ^ NT -

TOTAL 898 0

Oxydemeton methyl sulfone (metabolite of Oxydemeton methyl)

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.015 ^ 0.3 -

Cucumbers 739 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 1 -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.015 ^ 0.3 -

Pears 187 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.3 -

Spinach 62 0 0.090 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.009 - 0.015 0.75 -

Appendix E. Page 26 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.015 ^ 0.5 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 54 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,799 1

Oxyfluorfen (herbicide)

Cucumbers 525 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

Pears 187 0 0.025 - 0.030 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 651 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

TOTAL 1,823 0

Parathion (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears (V-1) 133 1 0.8 0.037 ^ 0.008 ^ NT -

Spinach (V-1) 736 1 0.1 0.10 ^ 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.003 - 0.006 1.0 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,348 2

Parathion methyl (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.006 ^ 1.0 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,978 0

Parathion methyl oxygen analog (metabolite of Parathion methyl)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.009 - 0.016 NT -

TOTAL 1,201 0

Parathion oxygen analog (metabolite of Parathion)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.006 - 0.010 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.002 - 0.016 1.0 -

Appendix E. Page 27 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.001 - 0.002 NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,789 0

Pebulate (herbicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 898 0

Pendimethalin (herbicide)

Asparagus 229 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 42 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 721 0 0.015 - 0.020 NT -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.016 - 0.020 0.1 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.015 - 0.020 0.1 -

TOTAL 3,614 0

Pentachloroaniline - PCA (metabolite of Quintozene)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 133 0 0.004 - 0.015 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 2,301 0

Pentachlorobenzene - PCB (metabolite of Quintozene)

Asparagus 250 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 725 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Mushrooms 365 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 4,860 0

Pentachlorophenyl methyl sulfide (metabolite of Quintozene)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 133 0 0.004 - 0.015 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 395 0

Permethrin Total (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.038 ^ 1.0 1

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.038 ^ 1.0 1

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.029 ^ 3.0 0.1

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.075 ^ NT 1

Pears 133 0 0.038 - 0.13 3.0 2

Spinach 736 364 49.5 0.048 - 16 0.029 ^ 20.0 2

Sweet Corn, Frozen 394 0 0.029 ^ 0.1 0.1

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.038 ^ NT 0.1

TOTAL 2,821 364

Appendix E. Page 28 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Permethrin cis (isomer of Permethrin)

Asparagus 101 1 1 0.020 ^ 0.012 ^ 1.0 1

Asparagus, Canned 101 0 0.012 ^ 1.0 1

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.1

Cucumbers 739 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.012 - 0.015 3.0 0.5

Mushrooms 552 19 3.4 0.007 - 0.20 0.004 - 0.012 6.0 0.1

Onion 525 0 0.019 ^ 0.1 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.023 ^ 5.0 2

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.015 ^ 3.0 2

Pears 54 0 0.012 - 0.015 3.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 90 12.1 0.004 - 0.21 0.002 ^ 1.0 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.012 ^ 0.1 0.1

Tomatoes 742 9 1.2 0.038 ^ 0.023 ^ 2 1

TOTAL 4,570 120

Permethrin trans (isomer of Permethrin)

Asparagus 101 1 1 0.020 ^ 0.012 ^ 1.0 1

Asparagus, Canned 101 0 0.012 ^ 1.0 1

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.1

Cucumbers 739 1 0.1 0.020 ^ 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.5

Mushrooms 552 16 2.9 0.020 - 0.17 0.004 - 0.012 6.0 0.1

Onion 525 0 0.019 ^ 0.1 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.023 ^ 5.0 2

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.015 ^ 3.0 2

Pears 54 0 0.012 - 0.015 3.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 92 12.4 0.003 - 0.34 0.002 - 0.026 1.0 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.012 ^ 0.1 0.1

Tomatoes 742 12 1.6 0.038 ^ 0.023 ^ 2 1

TOTAL 4,570 122

Phenmedipham (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.097 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.097 ^ 0.5 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 495 0 0.016 - 0.11 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.097 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,713 0

Phenothrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 - 0.075 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,031 0

Phenthoate (insecticide)

Mushrooms 380 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,121 0

o-Phenylphenol (fungicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.010 - 0.015 NT -

Asparagus, Canned (V-3) 354 3 0.8 0.017 - 0.023 0.010 - 0.015 NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.010 10 -

Cucumbers 739 8 1.1 0.017 - 0.069 0.010 - 0.011 10 -

Green Beans, Canned (V-2) 37 2 5.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ NT -

Mushrooms (V-35) 552 35 6.3 0.005 - 0.75 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 32 4.3 0.023 ^ 0.014 ^ 20 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 15 22.7 0.017 - 3.7 0.010 ^ 25.0 20

Pears 187 36 19.3 0.015 - 5.8 0.010 - 0.015 25.0 20

Spinach 736 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 25 3.4 0.005 - 0.072 0.003 ^ 10 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen (V-18) 547 18 3.3 0.013 - 0.28 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

Appendix E. Page 29 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Peas, Frozen (V-20) 484 20 4.1 0.024 - 0.30 0.010 - 0.015 NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 21 2.9 0.015 - 2.0 0.009 - 0.030 15 -

Tomatoes 742 36 4.9 0.023 - 0.24 0.014 ^ 10 -

TOTAL 7,198 251

Phorate (insecticide)

Asparagus 246 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 437 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.008 - 0.011 0.1 0.1

Mushrooms 380 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.011 - 0.012 0.1 0.05

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.004 - 0.011 NT -

TOTAL 4,797 0

Phorate oxygen analog (metabolite of Phorate)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,135 0

Phorate sulfone (metabolite of Phorate)

Asparagus 250 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.1 0.1

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.012 - 0.024 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.004 - 0.012 0.1 0.05

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.004 - 0.012 NT -

TOTAL 4,903 0

Phorate sulfoxide (metabolite of Phorate)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,135 0

Phosalone (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 153 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.039 ^ 15.0 2

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.006 ^ 10.0 2

Pears 187 0 0.006 - 0.050 10.0 2

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,709 0

Phosmet (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Appendix E. Page 30 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Mushrooms 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.018 ^ 10 10

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 25 37.9 0.008 - 0.082 0.005 ^ 10 10

Pears 187 42 22.5 0.008 - 0.71 0.005 - 0.008 10 10

Spinach 736 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.005 - 0.008 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.005 - 0.012 NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 495 7 1.4 0.008 - 0.047 0.005 - 0.008 0.5 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 39 5.3 0.003 - 0.40 0.002 - 0.005 10 -

TOTAL 6,330 113

Phosphamidon (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.029 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 153 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.033 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.029 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.029 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,065 0

Piperonyl butoxide (insecticide)

Asparagus 230 0 0.015 - 0.075 EX -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ EX -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.010 8 -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.011 ^ EX -

Green Beans, Canned 721 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Mushrooms 395 15 3.8 0.008 - 0.22 0.005 - 0.010 EX -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.014 ^ 8 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.010 ^ 8 -

Pears 187 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Spinach 736 23 3.1 0.013 - 0.93 0.008 ^ EX -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 1 0.1 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ EX -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.008 - 0.010 20 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Sweet Potatoes (X-2) 734 49 6.7 0.017 - 1.1 0.010 - 0.013 0.25 -

Tomatoes 742 32 4.3 0.023 - 0.37 0.014 ^ 8 -

TOTAL 7,354 120

Pirimicarb (insecticide)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-2) 727 2 0.3 0.016 ^ 0.010 ^ NT 1

TOTAL 1,121 2

Pirimiphos methyl (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 232 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.003 ^ NT 1

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.008 ^ NT 0.5

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT 5

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT 2

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ NT 5

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-3) 741 3 0.4 0.004 - 0.015 0.002 ^ NT 1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.003 - 0.016 8.0 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT 0.05

TOTAL 4,551 3

Appendix E. Page 31 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Prallethrin (insecticide)

Asparagus, Canned 211 0 0.015 ^ 1.0 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.010 - 0.024 1.0 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Onion 741 0 0.010 - 0.064 1.0 -

Pears 54 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Spinach 120 0 0.024 ^ 1.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 651 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 100 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 2,615 0

Prochloraz (fungicide)

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 111 0 0.002 - 0.025 NT -

TOTAL 639 0

Procymidone (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Pears 111 0 0.004 ^ NT 1

Sweet Peas, Frozen (V-1) 395 1 0.3 0.14 ^ 0.015 ^ NT 1

TOTAL 1,009 1

Profenofos (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,772 0

Prometryn (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.049 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 379 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.049 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.049 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,863 0

Pronamide (herbicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.014 ^ 0.1 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 187 0 0.007 - 0.025 0.1 -

Spinach 736 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,774 0

Propargite (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.020 ^ NT 0.5

Mushrooms 394 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT 5

Spinach 714 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.024 - 0.026 NT -

Appendix E. Page 32 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Corn, Frozen 503 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.1 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,537 0

Propetamphos (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 187 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.1 -

Spinach 120 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 168 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 100 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,502 0

Propiconazole (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.036 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.014 ^ 0.1 -

Onion 525 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 380 0 0.035 ^ 1.0 1

Spinach 674 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 663 0 0.002 - 0.014 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 394 0 0.016 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 3,687 0

Propiconazole I (isomer of Propiconazole)

Mushrooms 158 0 0.015 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.015 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 311 0

Propiconazole II (isomer of Propiconazole)

Mushrooms 158 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 311 0

Pymetrozine (insecticide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 0 0.009 - 0.010 0.2 -

Sweet Potatoes 436 0 0.013 ^ 0.02 -

TOTAL 1,161 0

Pyridaben (insecticide)

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.041 ^ 2.5 -

Pears 54 0 0.015 ^ 0.75 -

TOTAL 796 0

Pyriproxyfen (insecticide, growth regulator)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ 0.10 -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ 0.10 -

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.005 ^ 0.10 -

Green Beans, Canned 595 0 0.005 - 0.030 0.10 -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.014 ^ 1.0 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.005 ^ 0.2 -

Pears 187 1 0.5 0.008 ^ 0.005 - 0.015 0.2 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 90 1 1.1 0.022 ^ 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.005 - 0.015 0.10 -

Tomatoes 742 2 0.3 0.023 - 0.084 0.014 ^ 0.2 -

TOTAL 3,428 4

Quintozene - PCNB (fungicide) (parent of HCB, PCA and PCB)

Asparagus (V-1) 250 1 0.4 0.002 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Appendix E. Page 33 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cucumbers 525 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 743 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.1 0.1

Mushrooms 379 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Pears 133 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 0.05

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 449 0 0.002 - 0.003 NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.006 ^ 0.1 0.02

TOTAL 5,433 1

Resmethrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.010 - 0.015 3.0 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.010 - 0.015 3.0 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.010 - 0.032 3.0 -

Mushrooms 552 0 0.007 - 0.010 3.0 -

Onion 216 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Pears 187 0 0.010 - 0.015 3.0 -

Spinach 674 0 0.032 ^ 3.0 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 621 0 0.007 ^ 3.0 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 530 0 0.010 - 0.032 3.0 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 478 0 0.010 - 0.015 3.0 -

Sweet Potatoes 1 1 100 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

TOTAL 4,150 1

Resmethrin cis (isomer of Resmethrin)

Sweet Bell Peppers 90 0 0.002 ^ 3.0 -

TOTAL 90 0

Resmethrin trans (isomer of Resmethrin)

Sweet Bell Peppers 90 0 0.002 ^ 3.0 -

TOTAL 90 0

Simazine (herbicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 692 0 0.036 ^ 0.25 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 187 0 0.010 - 0.037 0.25 -

Spinach 736 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.010 - 0.018 0.25 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,648 0

Spinosad A (insecticide)

Sweet Potatoes 500 0 0.013 ^ 0.10 -

TOTAL 500 0

Spinosad D (insecticide)

Sweet Potatoes 500 0 0.013 ^ 0.10 -

TOTAL 500 0

Sulprofos (insecticide)

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,135 0

Appendix E. Page 34 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Tebuconazole (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.020 ^ NT 0.2

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.045 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.019 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 380 0 0.066 ^ 1.0 1

Pears 133 0 0.023 - 0.077 NT 0.5

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-2) 725 2 0.3 0.032 ^ 0.002 - 0.019 NT 0.5

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.023 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,583 2

Tebufenozide (insecticide)

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 14 21.2 0.005 - 0.096 0.003 ^ 1.5 1

Pears 187 16 8.6 0.001 - 0.087 0.001 - 0.003 1.5 1

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 81 11.2 0.005 - 0.049 0.003 - 0.006 1.0 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 521 0 0.011 ^ 0.25 -

TOTAL 1,894 111

Tecnazene (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 346 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 711 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,616 0

Tefluthrin (insecticide)

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.010 ^ 0.06 -

TOTAL 153 0

TEPP (insecticide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 741 0

Terbacil (herbicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.015 - 0.020 0.4 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.015 - 0.020 0.4 -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 692 0 0.039 ^ 0.2 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.015 - 0.050 NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 394 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,913 0

Terbufos (insecticide)

Asparagus 249 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.006 - 0.015 0.05 0.01

Appendix E. Page 35 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,105 0

Terbufos sulfone (metabolite of Terbufos)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.018 - 0.048 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 547 0 0.004 - 0.018 0.05 0.01

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,634 0

Tetrachlorvinphos (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,381 0

Tetradifon (insecticide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.012 - 0.028 1 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.006 - 0.012 1 -

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.012 ^ 5 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.011 ^ 5 -

Pears 187 0 0.004 - 0.013 5 -

Spinach 736 0 0.028 - 0.029 NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.028 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.012 ^ 1 -

TOTAL 6,293 0

Tetrahydrophthalimide - THPI (metabolite of Captafol and Captan)

Asparagus (V-1) 250 1 0.4 0.57 ^ 0.015 - 0.075 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 - 0.075 NT -

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.040 ^ 25 -

Cucumbers 5 5 100 0.067 ^ 0.040 ^ 25 -

Pears 165 1 0.6 0.81 ^ 0.040 - 0.38 25 -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.015 - 0.15 2 -

TOTAL 1,122 7

Tetramethrin (insecticide)

Asparagus 186 0 0.015 - 0.075 NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 373 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 945 0

Thiabendazole (fungicide)

Asparagus (V-1) 1 1 100 0.050 ^ 0.030 ^ NT -

Appendix E. Page 36 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cantaloupe 186 1 0.5 0.20 ^ 0.030 - 0.045 15.0 -

Cucumbers 525 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 552 238 43.1 0.026 - 5.4 0.016 - 0.030 40.0 -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 23 34.8 0.050 - 0.86 0.030 ^ 10 3

Pears 187 122 65.2 0.058 - 3.0 0.030 - 0.050 10 3

Spinach 736 0 0.045 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-4) 741 4 0.5 0.001 ^ 0.001 - 0.016 NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.045 ^ NT -

Sweet Potatoes 256 0 0.006 - 0.030 0.02 -

TOTAL 3,600 389

Thiamethoxam (insecticide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 246 10 4.1 0.017 - 0.12 0.015 ^ 0.25 -

Sweet Potatoes 521 0 0.006 ^ 0.02 -

TOTAL 767 10

Thiobencarb (herbicide)

Cucumbers 525 0 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 525 0

Tri-Allate (herbicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 495 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,131 0

Triadimefon (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.023 - 0.025 0.3 0.1

Cucumbers 739 0 0.025 - 0.026 0.3 0.1

Green Beans, Canned 528 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree 66 0 0.025 ^ 1.0 0.5

Pears 187 0 0.011 - 0.037 1.0 0.5

Spinach 736 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers 725 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT 0.1

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 395 0 0.011 ^ NT 0.05

TOTAL 4,809 0

Triadimenol (metabolite of Triadimefon)

Cantaloupe 54 0 0.015 ^ NT 2

Cucumbers (V-1) 1 1 100 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ NT 2

Pears 54 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.5

Sweet Corn, Frozen 153 0 0.015 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 262 1

Triflumizole (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.040 - 0.050 0.5 -

Pears 187 0 0.020 - 0.050 0.5 -

Spinach 120 0 0.040 ^ NT -

TOTAL 493 0

Trifluralin (herbicide)

Asparagus 351 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Asparagus, Canned 354 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 186 0 0.008 - 0.017 0.05 -

Cucumbers 739 0 0.017 ^ 0.05 -

Green Beans, Canned 721 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Mushrooms 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 742 0 0.024 ^ 0.05 -

Appendix E. Page 37 of 38
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Pears 133 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.008 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Bell Peppers 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.05 -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen 549 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.001 - 0.017 0.05 -

Tomatoes 742 0 0.024 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 7,472 0

Triforine (fungicide)

Sweet Bell Peppers 246 0 0.003 ^ 5.0 -

TOTAL 246 0

Vernolate (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Spinach 736 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Sweet Corn, Frozen 525 0 0.016 - 0.050 NT -

Sweet Potatoes 734 0 0.008 - 0.050 NT -

TOTAL 2,127 0

Vinclozolin (fungicide)

Asparagus 250 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Asparagus, Canned 253 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.014 ^ NT 1

Cucumbers 739 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT 1

Green Beans, Canned 743 6 0.8 0.005 - 0.017 0.003 - 0.010 2.0 2

Mushrooms 394 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Pears 133 0 0.003 - 0.010 NT 1

Spinach 736 0 0.014 ^ NT -

Sweet Bell Peppers (V-1) 741 1 0.1 0.080 ^ 0.004 ^ NT 3

Sweet Corn, Frozen 350 0 0.014 ^ NT -

Sweet Peas, Frozen (V-3) 449 3 0.7 0.054 - 0.14 0.003 - 0.010 NT 1

TOTAL 4,920 10

Zoxamide (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 132 0 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

Spinach 120 0 0.020 ^ NT -

TOTAL 252 0

Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs) for some

pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been transferred to EPA. In the

interim, action levels are used.

Exempt from tolerance application.

Safe use in spot and/or crack and crevice treatments.

Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Residue was found which exceeds EPA tolerance or FDA action level. Following "X" are the number of occurrences.

Previously reported as lambda cyhalothrin total, which included lambda cyhalothrin (a 1:1 mixture of the cis-(1R,3R),S-enantiomer

and the cis-(1S,3S),R-enantiomer) as well as R157836 (a 1:1 mixture of the cis-(1S,3S),S-enantiomer and the cis-(1R,3R),

R-enantiomer).

**

NT

AL

EX

SU

^

(V)

(X)

z MRLs are for pesticides analyzed in PDP calendar year 2003 samples.

z Metabolites are included in the expressions where applicable.

z MRLs are obtained from Codex publication of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR), 36th session, April 19-24, 2004, 

New Dehli, India.

z List excludes MRLs proposed for revocation according to Codex publication of CCPR (ALINORM), 03/24A, Appendix VI, March 

31,2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

z D = MRL withdrawn in 2003.

Appendix E. Page 38 of 38
*** Pesticide Data Program Annual Summary Calendar Year 2003*** 

Correction issued June 10, 2005 

Appendix F 

Distribution of Residues for Triazole Special Survey 

Appendix F shows residue detections for a special triazole survey, 

including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue 

Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for 

each pair. 

EPA identified triazole-derivative compounds and their associated 

metabolites as a critical data need. PDP responded by developing specialized 

methods of analysis for 19 triazole compounds, isomers, and metabolites as well 

as three common metabolites – 1,2,4-triazole, triazole alanine, and triazole acetic 

acid. PDP results for apples, peaches (fresh and canned), and wheat flour are 

being used to establish new registrations for the triazole fungicides, important 

tools for the agricultural industry. 

In 2003, PDP analyzed 744 apple samples, 269 fresh peach samples, 371 

canned peach samples, and 606 wheat flour samples for specific triazole-class 

compounds. A total of 118 apple samples (16 percent) were reported with 

residue detections. A total of 98 fresh peach samples (36 percent) were reported 

with residue detections. None of the canned peach samples were reported with 

residue detections. All 606 wheat flour samples (100 percent) were reported with 

residue detections. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. 

of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 36th Session, April 19-24, 2004, New 

Delhi, India, and Proc. of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 35th Session 

(ALINORM), March 31-April 5, 2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Only Codex 

MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with 

Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Bromuconazole 46 (metabolite of Bromuconazole)

Apples 744 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 586 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,970 0

Bromuconazole 47 (metabolite of Bromuconazole)

Apples 744 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 536 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,920 0

Cyproconazole 

Apples 744 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,990 0

Difenoconazole 

Peaches 269 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,246 0

Epoxiconazole 

Apples 744 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,990 0

Fenbuconazole 

Apples 744 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.1

Peaches 269 37 13.8 0.015 - 0.45 0.009 ^ 2.0 0.5

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ 2.0 0.5

Wheat Flour 575 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,959 37

Hexaconazole 

Apples 744 0 0.001 ^ NT 0.1

Peaches 269 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,990 0

HWG 2061 (metabolite of Tebuconazole)

Apples 744 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.021 ^ 1.0 -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.021 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 1,384 0

APPENDIX F. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES FOR TRIAZOLE SPECIAL SURVEY

Appendix F. Page 1 of 3
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with 

Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Myclobutanil 

Apples 744 64 8.6 0.002 - 0.060 0.001 ^ 0.5 0.5

Peaches 269 10 3.7 0.015 - 0.087 0.009 ^ 2.0 2

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ 2.0 2

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.013 ^ 0.03 -

TOTAL 1,990 74

Propiconazole 

Apples 744 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 26 9.7 0.015 - 0.19 0.009 ^ 1.0 1

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ 1.0 1

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.011 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 1,990 26

RH 9129 (metabolite of Fenbuconazole)

Apples 744 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 3 1.1 0.015 - 0.041 0.009 ^ 2.0 -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ 2.0 -

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,990 3

RH 9130 (metabolite of Fenbuconazole)

Apples (V-1) 744 1 0.1 0.010 ^ 0.001 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 546 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,930 1

RPA 404886 (metabolite of Triticonazole)

Apples 744 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.080 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.080 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,384 0

RPA 406341 (metabolite of Triticonazole)

Apples 744 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.080 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.080 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,384 0

Tebuconazole 

Apples 744 2 0.3 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ NT 0.5

Peaches 269 34 12.6 0.015 - 0.078 0.009 ^ 1.0 1

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ 1.0 1

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,990 36

Tetraconazole 

Peaches 89 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 185 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 880 0

Appendix F. Page 2 of 3
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with 

Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Triadimefon 

Apples 744 0 0.001 ^ 1.0 0.5

Peaches 269 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.003 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 1,990 0

Triadimenol (metabolite of Triadimefon)

Apples 744 14 1.9 0.002 - 0.006 0.001 ^ 1.0 0.5

Peaches 269 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 594 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,978 14

1,2,4-Triazole (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Apples 712 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.21 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.21 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 4 0.7 0.005 ^ 0.010 NT -

TOTAL 1,958 4

Triazole acetic acid - TAA (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Apples 714 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 6 2.2 0.1 ^ 0.060 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.060 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 602 99.3 0.012 - 0.34 0.007 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,960 608

Triazole alanine - TA (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Apples 713 61 8.6 0.033 - 0.23 0.020 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 2 0.7 0.30 - 0.85 0.20 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.20 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 601 99.2 0.018 - 0.21 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,959 664

Triticonazole 

Apples 744 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Peaches 269 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Peaches, Canned 371 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Wheat Flour 606 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,990 0

^ Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

(V) Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

z MRLs are for pesticides analyzed in PDP calendar year 2003 samples.

z Metabolites are included in the expressions where applicable.

z MRLs are obtained from Codex publication of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR), 36th 

session, April 19-24, 2004, New Dehli, India.

z List excludes MRLs proposed for revocation according to Codex publication of CCPR (ALINORM), 03/24A, 

Appendix VI, March 31,2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Appendix F. Page 3 of 3
*** Pesticide Data Program Annual Summary Calendar Year 2003*** 

Correction issued June 10, 2005 

Appendix G 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Barley 

Appendix G shows residue detections for all barley compounds tested, 

including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue 

Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for 

each pair. 

In 2003, PDP analyzed 452 barley samples. A total of 35 samples (8 

percent) were reported with residue detections. All residue detections were 

much lower than the established tolerances. 

See Appendix E for definition of MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. 

of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 36th Session, April 19-24, 2004, New 

Delhi, India, and Proc. of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 35th Session 

(ALINORM), March 31-April 5, 2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Only Codex MRLs 

(CXLs) are listed. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 392 0.013 ^ 0.1 -

Aldicarb I 452 0.009 ^ NT 0.02

Aldicarb sulfone IM 452 0.011 ^ NT 0.02

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM 427 0.011 ^ NT 0.02

Allethrin I 452 0.005 ^ 2 -

Carbaryl I 255 0.006 ^ 0.2 5

Carbofuran I 452 0.012 ^ 0.1 -

Carboxin F 432 0.020 ^ 0.2 -

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 452 1 0.2 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ 6.0 -

Cyfluthrin I 432 0.040 ^ 4.0 -

Cyhalothrin, Lambda I 432 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

DDE p,p' IM 393 0.003 ^ 0.5 0.1

Deltamethrin - includes 

parent Tralomethrin I 379 0.030 ^ 0.05 1

Dichlorvos - DDVP I 235 1 0.4 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.5 5

Diclofop methyl H 447 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Dieldrin I 411 0.010 ^ 0.02 0.02

Difenoconazole F 432 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

Dimethomorph F 398 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

Disulfoton I 452 0.003 ^ 0.75 0.2

Disulfoton sulfone IM 452 0.040 ^ 0.75 0.2

Endosulfan I I 442 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Endosulfan II IM 452 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Endosulfan sulfate IM 371 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate 

Total I 432 0.050 ^ 0.05 2

Fludioxonil F 358 0.010 ^ 0.02 -

Fluridone H 378 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

Heptachlor epoxide IM 452 0.005 ^ NT 0.02

Imazalil F 397 0.015 ^ 0.05 -

Imidacloprid I 447 0.015 ^ 0.05 -

Lindane - BHC gamma I 79 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Malathion I 238 3 1.3 0.010 - 0.12 0.005 ^ 8 8

Malathion oxygen analog IM 390 0.010 ^ 8 -

Metalaxyl F 430 0.005 ^ 0.2 0.05

Methamidophos IM 234 0.020 ^ 0.02 -

Methomyl I 452 0.009 ^ 1 0.5

APPENDIX G. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN BARLEY

Appendix G. Page 1 of 2
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Methoprene R 430 0.25 ^ 5.0 5

Methoxychlor p,p' (V-2) I 432 2 0.5 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ NT -

Metolachlor H 452 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

Metribuzin H 430 0.010 ^ 0.75 -

Myclobutanil F 339 0.005 ^ 0.03 -

Oxadixyl F 452 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Oxamyl I 452 0.018 ^ NT -

Parathion ethyl I 452 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Parathion oxygen analog IM 452 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Piperonyl butoxide I 452 6 1.3 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 20 -

Propanil H 432 0.005 ^ 0.2 -

Propiconazole F 437 0.010 ^ 0.1 0.05

Resmethrin I 452 21 4.6 0.017 - 0.066 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

TCMTB F 393 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Tebuconazole F 432 0.010 ^ 2.0 0.2

Tri Allate H 371 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Triadimenol FM 397 0.060 ^ 0.05 0.5

Trifluralin H 452 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

(V) = Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

R = Insect Growth Regulator

z MRLs are for pesticides analyzed in PDP calendar year 2003 samples.

z Metabolites are included in the expressions where applicable.

z MRLs are obtained from Codex publication of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR), 36th 

session, April 19-24, 2004, New Dehli, India.

z List excludes MRLs proposed for revocation according to Codex publication of CCPR (ALINORM), 03/24A, 

Appendix VI, March 31,2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Appendix G. Page 2 of 2
*** Pesticide Data Program Annual Summary Calendar Year 2003*** 

Correction issued June 10, 2005 

Appendix H

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Wheat Flour 

Appendix H shows residue detections for all wheat flour compounds 

tested, including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), 

and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue 

Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for 

each pair. 

In 2003, PDP analyzed 606 wheat flour samples. A total of 270 samples 

(45 percent) were reported with residue detections, excluding the detections for 

triazole compounds that are reported in Appendix F. All residue detections were 

much lower than the established tolerances. 

See Appendix E for definition of MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. 

of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 36th Session, April 19-24, 2004, New 

Delhi, India, and Proc. of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 35th Session 

(ALINORM), March 31-April 5, 2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Only Codex MRLs 

(CXLs) are listed. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 594 0.006 ^ 0.1 -

Acetochlor H 559 0.003 ^ 0.02 -

Allethrin I 606 0.003 ^ 2 -

Atrazine H 606 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.25 -

Carbaryl I 606 0.006 ^ 3 0.2

Carbofuran I 566 0.023 ^ 0.1 -

Carboxin F 467 0.003 ^ 0.2 -

Carfentrazone ethyl H 606 0.003 ^ 0.10 -

Chlorpyrifos I 606 0.006 ^ 0.5 0.1

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 606 95 15.7 0.032 - 0.18 0.019 ^ 6.0 2

Cyanazine H 546 0.005 ^ 0.1 -

Cyfluthrin I 598 2 0.3 0.038 - 0.077 0.023 ^ 4.0 -

Cyhalothrin, Lambda I 530 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

DDE p,p' IM 606 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.5 -

Diazinon I 606 2 0.3 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 0.05 -

Diazinon oxygen analog IM 606 0.006 ^ 0.05 -

Diclofop methyl H 586 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Dieldrin I 606 0.006 ^ 0.02 -

Dimethoate I 606 0.028 ^ 0.04 -

Dimethomorph F 570 0.019 ^ 0.05 -

Disulfoton I 567 0.003 ^ 0.3 -

Disulfoton sulfone IM 606 0.013 ^ 0.3 -

Endosulfan I I 606 0.006 ^ 0.1 -

Endosulfan II IM 606 0.006 ^ 0.1 -

Endosulfan sulfate IM 606 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Etridiazole F 509 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Fenitrothion I 606 0.006 ^ NT 2

Fludioxonil F 242 0.009 ^ 0.02 -

Flufenacet H 599 0.006 ^ 1 -

Fluridone H 541 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Heptachlor epoxide IM 606 0.003 ^ NT -

Imazalil F 606 0.028 ^ 0.05 -

Lindane - BHC gamma I 606 0.006 ^ 0.1 -

APPENDIX H. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN WHEAT FLOUR

Appendix H. Page 1 of 2
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Linuron H 586 0.025 ^ 0.25 -

Malathion I 606 229 37.8 0.005 - 0.33 0.003 ^ 8 2

Malathion oxygen analog IM 606 0.005 ^ 8 -

Metalaxyl F 606 0.006 ^ 1.0 -

Methoprene R 506 1 0.2 0.054 ^ 0.013 ^ 5.0 2

Methoxychlor p,p' (V-8) I 606 8 1.3 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ NT -

Metolachlor H 606 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Metribuzin H 606 0.006 ^ 0.75 -

Omethoate IM 586 0.003 ^ 0.04 -

Parathion ethyl I 606 0.005 ^ 1.0 -

Parathion oxygen analog IM 606 0.019 ^ 1.0 -

Phorate I 426 0.008 ^ 0.05 -

Phorate sulfone IM 563 0.005 ^ 0.05 -

Piperonyl butoxide I 606 8 1.3 0.010 - 0.12 0.006 ^ 20 -

Pirimiphos methyl (V-6) I 606 6 1 0.005 - 0.013 0.003 ^ NT 2

Propanil H 606 0.005 ^ 0.2 -

TCMTB F 606 0.025 ^ 0.1 -

Thiabendazole F 595 1 0.2 0.022 ^ 0.013 ^ 1.0 -

Thiamethoxam I 566 0.003 ^ 0.02 -

Tri Allate H 605 0.006 ^ 0.05 -

Trifluralin H 606 5 0.8 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 0.05 -

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

(V) = Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

R = Insect Growth Regulator

z MRLs are for pesticides analyzed in PDP calendar year 2003 samples.

z Metabolites are included in the expressions where applicable.

z MRLs are obtained from Codex publication of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR), 36th 

session, April 19-24, 2004, New Dehli, India.

z List excludes MRLs proposed for revocation according to Codex publication of CCPR (ALINORM), 03/24A, 

Appendix VI, March 31,2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Appendix H. Page 2 of 2
*** Pesticide Data Program Annual Summary Calendar Year 2003*** 

Correction issued June 10, 2005 

Appendix I

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Butter 

Appendix I shows residue detections for all butter compounds tested, 

including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue 

Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for 

each pair. 

In 2003, PDP analyzed 732 butter samples. A total of 725 samples (99 

percent) were reported with residue detections, all of which were much lower 

than the established tolerances. 

See Appendix E for definition of MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. 

of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 36th Session, April 19-24, 2004, New 

Delhi, India, and Proc. of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 35th Session 

(ALINORM), March 31-April 5, 2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Only Codex MRLs 

(CXLs) are listed. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb

Codex 

MRL/ERL 

ppm

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 732 5.3 ^ NT 0.05

Acephate I 732 0.70 ^ 20 0.1

Alachlor H 732 10.1 ^ NT -

Aldicarb I 732 4.1 ^ NT 0.01

Aldicarb sulfone IM 732 3.8 ^ NT 0.01

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM 732 4.4 ^ NT 0.01

Allethrin I 732 47.1 ^ NT -

Atrazine H 732 3.4 ^ NT -

Bifenthrin I 732 63 8.6 3.0 ^ 1.8 ^ 1000 0.05

Bromuconazole 46 FM 732 3.5 ^ NT -

Buprofezin I 732 4.5 ^ NT -

Carbaryl I 732 3.4 ^ NT 0.1

Carbofuran I 732 7.6 ^ NT 0.05

Carboxin FM 732 3.6 ^ NT -

Chlorfenapyr I 732 0.60 ^ NT -

Chlorpropham H 732 4.1 ^ NT -

Chlorpyrifos I 732 1 0.1 2.7 ^ 1.6 ^ 250 0.02

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 732 1.4 ^ 1250 0.01

Chlorpyrifos methyl O-analog IM 732 5.1 ^ 1250 -

Coumaphos I 732 1.8 ^ 500 -

Coumaphos oxygen analog IM 732 4.8 ^ 500 -

Cyfluthrin I 732 104 14.2 5.2 - 54.7 3.1 ^ 30000 0.01

Cyhalothrin, Total - CyhalothrinLambda + R157836 epimer I 731 422 57.7 9.2 - 24.3 5.5 ^ 5000 -

Cypermethrin I 732 1 0.1 16 ^ 4.6 ^ 2500 0.05

Cyphenothrin I 732 7.6 ^ NT -

Cyproconazole F 732 3.1 ^ NT -

DDE p,p' IM 732 590 80.6 2.7 - 80.5 1.6 ^ 1250 0.02

DEF - Tribufos H 732 1.8 ^ NT -

Deltamethrin - includes parent 

Tralomethrin I 732 8.7 ^ 50 0.02

Dichlorvos - DDVP I 732 0.40 ^ NT 0.02

Dieldrin I 732 401 54.8 2.2 - 5.6 1.3 ^ 300 0.006

APPENDIX I. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN BUTTER

Appendix I. Page 1 of 4
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb

Codex 

MRL/ERL 

ppm

Difenoconazole F 732 1.4 ^ NT -

Dimethoate I 732 1.1 ^ NT 0.05

Diphenamid H 732 0.60 ^ NT -

Endosulfan I I 732 0.60 ^ 500 0.004

Endosulfan II IM 732 9 1.2 1.2 - 12 0.70 ^ 500 0.004

Endosulfan sulfate IM 732 460 62.8 2.0 - 36.6 1.0 ^ 500 0.004

Epoxiconazole F 732 0.30 ^ NT -

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total I 732 2.7 ^ 7000 0.1

Ethion I 732 1.0 ^ 500 -

Ethion di oxon IM 732 3.9 ^ 500 -

Ethion mono oxon IM 732 1.3 ^ 500 -

Etofenprox I 732 7.8 ^ NT -

Etridiazole F 732 2.1 ^ NT -

Fenamiphos I 732 3.9 ^ NT -

Fenamiphos sulfone IM 732 4.8 ^ NT -

Fenamiphos sulfoxide IM 732 8.1 ^ NT -

Fenarimol F 732 0.70 ^ NT -

Fenoxaprop ethyl H 732 1.3 ^ NT -

Fenpropathrin I 732 2.5 ^ 2000 0.1

Fenthion I 732 1.4 ^ NT -

Fenthion sulfone IM 732 2.6 ^ NT -

Fipronil I 732 0.80 ^ 1250 -

Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptyl ester H 731 0.50 ^ NT -

Flutolanil F 732 2.3 ^ NT -

Fluvalinate I 732 1.9 ^ NT -

Heptachlor epoxide IM 732 2.2 ^ NT 0.006

Hexaconazole F 732 0.30 ^ NT -

Iprodione F 732 4.4 ^ NT -

Isoxaflutole H 732 4.1 ^ NT -

Malathion I 732 1.9 ^ 500 -

Malathion oxygen analog IM 732 2.0 ^ 500 -

Metalaxyl (V-1) F 732 1 0.1 15.5 ^ 9.3 ^ NT -

Methamidophos IM 732 0.70 ^ 20 0.01

Methidathion I 732 1.9 ^ NT 0.001

Appendix I. Page 2 of 4
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb

Codex 

MRL/ERL 

ppm

Methoprene R 732 11.7 ^ NT 0.05

Methoxychlor p,p' I 732 0.30 ^ NT -

Metolachlor H 732 4.0 ^ NT -

Metribuzin H 732 0.30 ^ NT -

MGK-264 I 732 1.8 ^ 300 -

MGK-326 - dipropyl 

isocinchomeronate I 732 5.5 ^ NT -

Myclobutanil F 732 7.9 ^ NT 0.01

Norflurazon H 732 5.4 ^ NT -

Omethoate IM 732 1.9 ^ NT -

Oxadiazon H 732 9.7 ^ NT -

Oxyfluorfen H 732 1.1 ^ NT -

Permethrin Total I 732 20 2.7 16.5 ^ 9.9 ^ 6250 0.1

Phenothrin I 732 9.0 ^ NT -

Phorate I 732 1.0 ^ NT 0.05

Phorate oxygen analog sulfone IM 732 1.0 ^ NT 0.05

Phorate sulfone IM 732 1.9 ^ NT 0.05

Phorate sulfoxide IM 732 10.5 ^ NT 0.05

Pirimiphos methyl I 732 1.4 ^ NT 0.05

Prallethrin I 732 15.1 ^ 1000 -

Profenofos I 732 2.3 ^ NT 0.01

Pronamide H 731 1.6 ^ NT -

Propachlor H 732 2.1 ^ NT -

Propanil H 732 2.1 ^ NT -

Propargite I 732 32.7 ^ 2000 0.1

Propham H 732 3.5 ^ NT -

Propiconazole F 732 4.5 ^ NT 0.01

Resmethrin I 732 21.7 ^ 3000 -

Simazine H 732 2.1 ^ NT -

Tebuconazole F 732 1.0 ^ NT 0.01

Tefluthrin I 732 0.60 ^ NT -

Terbacil H 732 3.3 ^ NT -

Tetrachlorvinphos I 732 2.0 ^ 500 -

Tetraconazole F 732 0.60 ^ NT -

Appendix I. Page 3 of 4
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb

Codex 

MRL/ERL 

ppm

Tetradifon I 732 0.70 ^ 400 -

Tetramethrin I 732 2.5 ^ NT -

Thiabendazole F 732 8.5 ^ NT 0.2

Thiobencarb H 732 2.5 ^ NT -

Triadimefon F 732 2.2 ^ NT 0.05

Trifloxystrobin F 732 0.80 ^ NT -

Triflumizole F 732 4.1 ^ NT -

Triticonazole F 732 6.1 ^ NT -

Vinclozolin F 732 2.4 ^ NT 0.05

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

(V) = Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

R = Insect Growth Regulator

z MRLs are for pesticides analyzed in PDP calendar year 2003 samples.

z Metabolites are included in the expressions where applicable.

z MRLs are obtained from Codex publication of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR), 36th 

session, April 19-24, 2004, New Dehli, India.

z List excludes MRLs proposed for revocation according to Codex publication of CCPR (ALINORM), 03/24A, 

Appendix VI, March 31,2003, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Appendix I. Page 4 of 4
Appendix J 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Drinking Water 

Appendix J shows residue detections for all drinking water compounds tested, 

including range of values detected and range of Limits of Detection (LODs). The 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Primary Drinking Water Regulation 

(NPDWR) Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), Health Advisory (HA) values, and 

Freshwater Aquatic Organism (FAOs) Criteria are also shown. Units for LODs, MCLs, 

HAs, and FAOs are shown in parts per trillion. 

The MCLs are legally enforceable standards that apply to public water systems. The 

HAs are an estimate of acceptable drinking water levels for a chemical substance based on 

health effects information. The values published are for lifetime HA, which is the 

concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse 

noncarcinogenic effects for a lifetime of exposure. FAO criteria are set by EPA and are the 

concentration of a chemical in water at or below which aquatic life are protected from acute 

and chronic adverse effects of the chemical. Health Advisories and FAO criteria are not 

legally enforceable Federal standards, but serve as technical guidance to assist Federal, 

State, and local officials. 

In 2003, PDP analyzed 794 drinking water samples. PDP detected 33 different 

pesticide residues in 429 samples; most of the detections were herbicides. None of the 

samples exceeded EPA MCLs for any pesticide detected. In fact, the majority of pesticides 

included in the PDP screens were not detected. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt

EPA HA*, 

ppt 

EPA 

FAO, ppt

1 Naphthol IM 10 1500 ^

2 4 5 T H 321 1.8 - 650 50,000

2,4-D H 321 78 24.3 6.0 - 24 3.6 - 1700 70,000 70,000

2,4-DB H 40 756 - 2300

3,5-Dichloroaniline FM 109 25 ^

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 572 6.0 - 68

Acetochlor H 522 16 3.1 17 - 145 10 - 49.5

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid HM 316 12 3.8 20 ^ 12 - 1650

Acetochlor oxanilic acid HM 518 9 1.7 20 ^ 12 - 100

Acifluorfen H 40 119 - 750

Alachlor H 685 5 0.7 16.3 ^ 5.0 - 11 2000

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid HM 409 76 18.6 20 - 1384 12 - 823

Alachlor oxanilic acid HM 514 26 5.1 20 - 356 12 - 100

Aldrin I 237 5.0 ^ 3000

Atrazine H 782 326 41.7 3.8 - 2679 2.3 - 5.0 3000

Azinphos methyl I 794 12 - 253

Barban H 237 5.0 ^

Bendiocarb I 545 3.0 - 18.8

Benfluralin H 607 2.0 - 13

Benomyl F 281 1.8 - 3.6

Bensulfuron methyl H 300 1.2 - 3.8

Bentazon H 321 30 9.3 2.0 - 8.4 1.2 - 210 200,000

BHC alpha I 237 2.0 ^

Bifenthrin I 509 5.0 - 13

Bromacil H 270 9.6 ^ 90,000

Bromoxynil H 310 6.0 - 56

Bromuconazole F 179 10 ^

Butachlor H 273 5.3 ^

Butylate H 237 10 ^ 400,000

Captan F 509 100 ^

Carbaryl I 553 3 0.5 5.0 - 18 3.0 - 12 700,000

Carbofuran I 583 8 1.4 5.0 - 20 0.60 - 16 40,000 40,000

Carbophenothion I 794 5.3 - 32

Chloramben H 280 60 - 1800 100,000

Chlordane cis I 618 2.3 - 10 2000 2400

Chlordane trans I 794 2.3 - 10 2000 2400

APPENDIX J. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN DRINKING WATER

Appendix J. Page 1 of 7
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt

EPA HA*, 

ppt 

EPA 

FAO, ppt

Chlorfenvinphos beta I 77 4.1 ^

Chlorfenvinphos total I 509 12 - 18

Chlorimuron ethyl H 30 3.3 ^

Chlorothalonil F 237 50 ^

Chlorpyrifos I 794 6.0 - 27 20,000 83

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 794 9.0 - 22

Chlorpyrifos oxygen analog IM 509 12 - 59

Clopyralid H 292 10.8 - 1400

Coumaphos I 794 3.8 - 121

Coumaphos oxygen analog IM 509 21 - 1400

Cyanazine H 522 24.8 - 25 1000

Cycloate H 195 6.0 ^

Cyfluthrin I 272 100 ^

Cypermethrin I 509 90 - 100

Cyproconazole F 179 15 ^

Dalapon H 10 2200 ^ 200,000 200,000

DCPA H 794 4 0.5 1.3 ^ 0.80 - 5.0 70,000

DCPA monoacid H 281 222 - 740

DDD o,p' IM 285 3.8 ^

DDD p,p' IM 262 3.8 ^

DDE o,p' IM 237 4.0 ^

DDE p,p' IM 783 2.5 - 10

DDT o,p' IM 262 3.8 ^

DDT p,p' IM 273 3.8 - 7.5

DEF (Tribufos) H 794 3.8 - 18

Demeton-S sulfone IM 3 3 100 20 ^ 12 ^

Desethyl Atrazine HM 522 181 34.7 26 - 928 24.8 - 25

Desisopropyl atrazine HM 510 102 20 16.3 - 59 9.8 - 50

Diazinon I 794 1 0.1 133 ^ 6.0 - 14 600

Diazinon oxygen analog IM 794 4 0.5 15 ^ 6.0 - 70

Dicamba H 40 1200 - 1350 200,000

Dichlobenil H 499 7 1.4 11.2 ^ 6.7 - 150

Dichlorprop H 281 4.2 - 6.0

Dichlorvos (DDVP) I 696 6.0 - 22.5

Dicloran F 273 7.5 ^

Dicofol p,p' I 782 5.0 - 25

Dicrotophos I 509 9.0 - 180

Dieldrin I 771 5.0 - 15 2000 240

Appendix J. Page 2 of 7
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt

EPA HA*, 

ppt 

EPA 

FAO, ppt

Difenoconazole F 179 10 ^

Dimethenamid/Dimethenamid P H 128 5.0 ^

Dimethoate I 793 5.3 - 63

Dinoseb H 93 2 2.2 1.0 ^ 0.60 - 500 7000 7000

Diphenamid H 394 24 - 25 200,000

Disulfoton I 794 6.0 - 150 300

Disulfoton sulfone IM 557 3.8 - 9.0

Diuron H 542 4 0.7 50 - 267 4.8 - 30 10,000

Endosulfan I I 674 5.0 - 22.5 220

Endosulfan II IM 794 12 - 20 220

Endosulfan sulfate IM 666 10 - 30

Endrin I 794 22 - 52.5 2000 2000 86

Epoxiconazole F 179 10 ^

EPTC H 346 2.5 - 117.8

Esfenvalerate I 509 20 - 50

Ethalfluralin H 794 10 - 60

Ethion I 794 2.3 - 10

Ethion di oxon IM 237 5.3 - 53

Ethion mono oxon IM 794 3.8 - 30

Ethoprop I 794 3.0 - 10

Fenamiphos I 794 3.8 - 172 2000

Fenamiphos sulfone IM 509 15 - 384

Fenarimol F 285 37.5 ^

Fenbuconazole F 179 20 ^

Fenitrothion I 794 3.8 - 28

Fenitrothion oxygen analog IM 509 12 - 83

Fenpropathrin I 109 60 ^

Fenthion I 794 6.0 - 79

Fenthion-O analog IM 794 7.5 - 175

Fenuron H 583 2.6 - 20

Fenvalerate I 272 20 ^

Fludioxonil F 273 37.5 ^

Flumetsulam H 321 9 2.8 10 ^ 6.0 - 200

Fluometuron H 518 1.2 - 10.5 90,000

Fonofos I 794 3.8 - 30 10,000

Fonofos oxygen analog IM 77 2.3 ^

Heptachlor I 237 5.0 ^ 400 520

Heptachlor epoxide IM 674 5.0 - 15 200 520

Appendix J. Page 3 of 7
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt

EPA HA*, 

ppt 

EPA 

FAO, ppt

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) O 237 10 ^ 1000

Hexaconazole F 179 15 ^

Imazalil F 237 35 - 604

Imazameth H 272 10 ^

Imazamethabenz methyl H 583 0.40 - 10

Imazamox H 542 2.4 - 15

Imazapic H 270 2.4 ^

Imazapyr H 553 4 0.7 1.5 ^ 0.90 - 15

Imazaquin H 574 2.4 - 20

Imazethapyr H 583 2.4 - 10

Imidacloprid I 583 2 0.3 2.5 ^ 1.5 - 39

Iprodione F 382 30 - 100

Isofenphos I 794 4.5 - 18

Isofenphos oxygen analog IM 237 36 ^

Lactofen H 109 50 ^

Lindane (BHC gamma) I 522 10 - 11.3 200 200 980

Linuron H 456 15 - 139

Malathion I 794 1 0.1 10 ^ 6.0 - 22 100,000

Malathion oxygen analog IM 480 6.0 - 9.0

MCPA H 321 7.2 - 220 4000

MCPB H 321 21 - 228

Mecoprop (MCPP) H 30 78 ^

Metalaxyl F 510 22.5 - 25

Methidathion I 794 5.3 - 28

Methidathion oxygen analog IM 794 12 - 428

Methiocarb I 279 15 - 144

Methomyl I 542 1.8 - 23 200,000

Methoxychlor olefin IM 273 3.8 ^ 40000 a 40,000

Methoxychlor p,p' I 272 10 ^ 40000 a 40,000

Methoxychlor Total I 522 7.5 - 40 40000 a 40,000

Metolachlor H 782 322 41.2 5.0 - 276 3.0 - 5.0 100,000

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid HM 518 217 41.9 20 - 2065 12 - 150

Metolachlor oxanilic acid HM 518 190 36.7 20 - 619 12 - 100

Metribuzin H 782 25 - 45 200,000

Metsulfuron methyl H 204 8.4 ^

Mevinphos E I 283 2.6 - 3.4

Mevinphos Total I 509 9.0 - 42

Molinate H 510 9.8 - 12

Appendix J. Page 4 of 7
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt

EPA HA*, 

ppt 

EPA 

FAO, ppt

Monuron H 692 4.5 - 53

Myclobutanil F 782 5.0 - 20

N-(3-hydroxy)propyl EPTC HM 109 25 ^

Napropamide H 794 24 - 50

Neburon H 582 1.2 - 1300

Niclosamide O 10 1000 ^

Nicosulfuron H 281 4.8 - 16

Norflurazon H 303 18.8 - 23

Norflurazon desmethyl HM 315 37.5 - 55

Oryzalin H 40 57 - 350

Oxadiazon H 510 15 ^

Oxadixyl F 285 48.8 ^

Oxamyl I 542 6.0 - 12 200,000 200,000

Oxychlordane IM 794 2 0.3 7.0 ^ 4.0 - 20

Oxydemeton methyl I 237 580 ^

Oxydemeton methyl sulfone IM 272 30 ^

Oxyfluorfen H 794 11.3 - 25

Parathion ethyl I 557 6.0 - 7.5

Parathion methyl I 557 4.5 - 6.0

Parathion methyl oxygen analog IM 794 9.0 - 130

Parathion oxygen analog IM 717 7.5 - 63

Pebulate H 345 7.5 - 25

Pendimethalin H 794 1 0.1 8.0 ^ 4.5 - 20

Pentachlorophenol W 10 2200 ^

Permethrin cis I 509 8.0 - 25

Permethrin trans I 381 9.0 - 25

Phenthoate I 285 15 ^

Phorate I 794 6.0 - 121

Phorate oxygen analog IM 794 5.3 - 275

Phorate sulfone IM 794 6.0 - 36

Phorate sulfoxide IM 522 15 - 260

Phosalone I 794 4.5 - 33

Phosalone oxygen analog IM 509 15 - 303

Phosmet I 509 12 - 255

Phosphamidon I 794 10.5 - 197

Picloram H 321 30 - 5000 500,000 500,000

Piperonyl butoxide I 273 18.8 ^

Pirimicarb I 285 37.5 ^

Appendix J. Page 5 of 7
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt

EPA HA*, 

ppt 

EPA 

FAO, ppt

Pirimiphos methyl I 794 5.3 - 30

Profenofos I 794 2.3 - 9.0

Prometon H 773 42 5.4 2.5 - 5.7 1.5 - 50 100,000

Prometryn H 618 10 - 24

Pronamide H 545 13 - 22.5 50,000

Propachlor H 794 5.3 - 16 90,000

Propanil H 781 3 0.4 42 ^ 24.8 - 25

Propargite I 794 90 - 180

Propetamphos I 794 3.0 - 16

Propham H 281 18 ^ 100,000

Propiconazole F 303 37.5 - 55

Propiconazole I F 272 50 ^

Propiconazole II F 272 50 ^

Propoxur I 654 13 - 25

Quintozene (PCNB) F 285 11.3 ^

RPA 406341 (triticonazole met.) FM 179 10 ^

S-(2-hydroxy)propyl EPTC HM 237 125 ^

Siduron H 281 2.4 ^

Simazine H 794 139 17.5 6.3 - 128 3.8 - 15 4000 4000

Sulfometuron methyl H 30 1.1 ^

Sulfotep I 794 1.5 - 8.1

Sulprofos I 794 6.0 - 46

Sulprofos oxygen analog IM 509 12 - 98

Tebuconazole F 494 15 - 299

Tebupirimfos I 794 3.8 - 20

Tebupirimfos oxygen analog IM 794 4.5 - 32

Tebuthiuron H 583 28 4.8 1.0 ^ 0.60 - 15 500,000

Tecnazene P 109 18.8 ^

Tefluthrin I 237 5.0 ^

Terbacil H 382 5.0 - 22.5 90,000

Terbufos I 509 6.0 - 100 900

Terbufos sulfone IM 794 4.5 - 18

Terbufos-O analog IM 794 3.0 - 93

Tetrachlorvinphos I 794 6.0 - 26

Tetraconazole F 179 10 ^

Tetradifon I 491 10 - 125

Thiobencarb H 557 10 - 24.8

Tolclofos methyl F 237 5.0 ^

Appendix J. Page 6 of 7
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt

EPA HA*, 

ppt 

EPA 

FAO, ppt

Tralomethrin I 237 300 ^

Tri Allate H 273 24.8 ^

Triadimefon F 782 5.0 - 50

Triadimenol F 179 25 ^

Triclopyr H 321 6.0 - 250

Trifluralin H 346 1.5 - 2.5 5000

Triticonazole F 179 10 ^

Vinclozolin F 617 5.0 - 6.0

* = EPA Health Advisory values shown are for lifetime exposure.

^

 = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

a = Level shown is for combined concentration of parent compound and all fractions (including isomers, degradates, and metabolites).

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide, HM = Herbicide Metabolite

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

O = Molluscicide

P = Plant Growth Regulator

W = Wood Preservative

Appendix J. Page 7 of 7
Appendix K 

National Estimates for 

Concentration Percentiles vs. Tolerance

(Pairs With Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples)

Appendix K shows 56 pesticide/commodity pairs (including metabolites, isomers, 

and degradates) with detections in at least 10 percent of the samples tested. 

Concentrations detected are arranged in percentiles. The 90th percentile is compared to 

the Environmental Protection Agency tolerance established for each pesticide/commodity 

pair. 

The meaning of a percentile can be most easily explained through an example. For 

the pears/thiabendazole pair, the 50th percentile, or median, is estimated to be 0.19 ppm. 

This means that PDP estimates that at least 50 percent of pears available to U.S. 

consumers had thiabendazole residues of 0.19 ppm or less, while at least 50 percent had 

residues of 0.19 ppm or more. Similarly, the 75th percentile (or the upper quartile) for this 

pair is estimated to be 0.45 ppm, which means that at least 75 percent of pears had 

thiabendazole residues of 0.45 ppm or less, while at least 25 percent had residues of 0.45 

ppm or more. Finally, the 90th percentile (or the last decile) is estimated to be 0.76 ppm, 

meaning that at least 90 percent of all pears had thiabendazole residues of 0.76 ppm or 

less, while at least 10 percent had residues of 0.76 ppm or more. 

Percent detections and percentiles for cantaloupe, cucumbers, mushrooms, 

peaches, pears, spinach, sweet bell peppers, sweet potatoes, and tomatoes were weighted 

based on marketing data. 
APPENDIX K. NATIONAL ESTIMATES FOR CONCENTRATION PERCENTILES vs. TOLERANCE

(Pairs With Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples 1)

% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) 2 Percentiles (ppm) 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

1 Butter (in parts per billion)

Cyfluthrin 14.2 1.101 3.761 * * 5.72 < 0.001

Cyhalothrin, Total 57.7 6.942 9.267 6.44 13.80 17.48 0.003

DDE p,p' 80.6 13.901 14.212 11.60 22.00 30.40 0.024

Dieldrin 54.8 1.576 2.163 1.54 3.30 4.18 0.014

Endosulfan sulfate 62.8 2.506 2.878 2.20 3.80 5.70 0.011

2 Cantaloupe (W) (October through December only)

Endosulfan sulfate 36.9 0.008 0.012 * 0.010 0.024 0.012

Methomyl 7.7 0.003 0.015 * * * *

3 Cucumbers (W)

Endosulfan I 29.1 0.006 0.009 * 0.006 0.015 0.008

Endosulfan II 19.4 0.003 0.008 * * 0.015 0.008

Endosulfan sulfate 43.6 0.011 0.014 * 0.019 0.032 0.016

Metalaxyl 19.8 0.007 0.016 * * 0.027 0.027

Methamidophos 10.0 0.007 0.009 * * * *

4 Green Beans, Canned

Acephate 18.3 0.003 0.006 * * 0.010 0.003

Bifenthrin 15.3 0.003 0.010 * * 0.014 0.024

Methamidophos 22.6 0.003 0.007 * * 0.012 0.012

5 Mushrooms (W)

Diazinon 20.9 0.003 0.006 * * 0.009 0.012

Thiabendazole 43.2 0.182 0.192 * 0.190 0.590 0.015

6 Peaches (W) (May through September only)

Fenbuconazole 14.4 0.006 0.014 * * 0.017 0.008

Tebuconazole 13.8 0.004 0.012 * * 0.017 0.017

7 Peaches, Canned

Carbaryl 17.8 0.012 0.020 * * 0.032 0.003

8 Pears (W) (October through December only)

Azinphos methyl 24.2 0.020 0.028 * * 0.063 0.042

o-Phenylphenol 19.4 0.188 0.199 * * 0.056 0.002

Phosmet 22.7 0.022 0.028 * * 0.070 0.007

Thiabendazole 65.9 0.313 0.327 0.190 0.450 0.760 0.076

9 Pear Juice

Azinphos methyl 21.2 0.015 0.021 * * 0.030 0.020

o-Phenylphenol 22.7 0.082 0.090 * * 0.061 0.002

Phosmet 37.9 0.008 0.011 * 0.012 0.021 0.002

Tebufenozide 21.2 0.009 0.011 * * 0.043 0.029

Thiabendazole 34.8 0.062 0.081 * 0.055 0.130 0.013

Appendix K. Page 1 of 2
% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) 2 Percentiles (ppm) 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

10 Spinach (W) 

Cypermethrin 15.4 0.066 0.091 * * 0.170 0.017

DDE p,p' 24.3 0.005 0.010 * * 0.022 0.044

Permethrin Total 50.6 0.841 0.855 0.034 0.890 2.700 0.135

11 Sweet Bell Peppers (W) 

Acephate 21.8 0.021 0.024 * * 0.078 0.020

Bifenthrin 10.6 0.002 0.005 * * 0.004 0.007

Chlorpyrifos 17.4 0.010 0.011 * * 0.031 0.031

Dicofol p,p' 13.8 0.017 0.020 * * 0.018 0.004

Endosulfan II 10.9 0.003 0.009 * * 0.007 0.004

Imidacloprid 78.3 0.008 0.008 0.002 0.007 0.023 0.023

Metalaxyl 16.0 0.006 0.011 * * 0.015 0.015

Methamidophos 31.3 0.014 0.014 * 0.006 0.038 0.038

Methomyl 15.8 0.007 0.008 * * 0.010 0.005

Oxamyl 11.9 0.003 0.005 * * 0.005 0.002

Permethrin cis 11.8 0.003 0.004 * * 0.004 0.004

Permethrin trans 12.0 0.004 0.007 * * 0.006 0.006

Tebufenozide 11.2 0.002 0.006 * * 0.006 0.006

12 Sweet Peas, Frozen

Dimethoate 16.9 0.003 0.007 * * 0.012 0.006

13 Sweet Potatoes (W)

Chlorpyrifos 16.1 0.001 0.003 * * 0.003 0.060

Dicloran 47.3 0.203 0.206 * 0.250 0.640 0.064

14 Tomatoes (W)

Endosulfan I 11.2 0.002 0.006 * * 0.005 0.002

Endosulfan II 19.6 0.004 0.007 * * 0.013 0.007

Endosulfan sulfate 10.8 0.002 0.007 * * 0.007 0.004

Methamidophos 12.1 0.004 0.008 * * 0.009 0.009

15 Wheat Flour (in parts per billion)

Chlorpyrifos methyl 15.7 7.53 7.55 * * 35.2 0.006

Malathion 37.8 7.71 7.71 * 9.5 20.0 0.003

Triazole acetic acid 99.3 27.76 27.76 27.0 33.0 40.0 NT

Triazole alanine 99.2 38.25 38.25 36.0 47.0 61.0 NT

KEY

1 Includes some pairs with detections in less than 10 percent of the samples, but with estimated detections in 

over 10 percent of the population.

2 The mean is estimated with a range of values. The lower bound is calculated with non-detections valued at zero. 

The upper bound is calculated using the LOD.

* The percentile value is estimated to be below the Limit of Detection (LOD)

(W) Weighted for utilization. The Percent of Samples with Detections was recalculated to reflect national estimates.

NT No Tolerance established.

Appendix K. Page 2 of 2
Appendix L 

Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected 

Pesticide/Commodity Pairs

In Appendix L, the concentrations detected (in parts per million, except where 

otherwise noted) are plotted versus the calculated percentiles for the following 10 

pesticide/commodity pairs: 

Cyhalothrin, Total / Butter 

DDE p,p’ / Butter 

Endosulfan sulfate / Cucumbers 

Thiabendazole / Mushrooms 

Thiabendazole / Pears 

Imidacloprid / Sweet Bell Peppers 

Dicloran / Sweet Potatoes 

Endosulfan II / Tomatoes 

Triazole acetic acid / Wheat Flour 

Triazole alanine / Wheat Flour 

The distribution of residues for all of the PDP pesticide/commodity pairs has the 

same curved shape. The highest percentile graphed in the appendix is the 99th, which in 

each case is lower than the highest concentration detected in the sample (refer to the value 

shown in each graph’s legend). Inclusion of the highest concentration would cause graph 

distortion, which would obscure concentrations in the low ranges. The tolerance for the 

pesticide/commodity pair is also indicated in the legend of each graph. The large dots 

show the percentage of the commodity at or below a given level of residue concentration. 

For example, an estimated 50 percent of sweet bell peppers available to U.S. consumers in 

2003 had imidacloprid residue concentrations of 0.002 ppm or less. The solid lines, tailing 

the large dots, depict percentage values. The lowest value of these solid lines indicates the 

estimated percentage of the commodity available to U.S. consumers with no detectable 

residues. For imidacloprid in sweet bell peppers, this is 22 percent. The shaded bar 

denotes the range of values estimated for the mean. For imidacloprid in sweet bell 

peppers, the mean range is approximately 0.008 ppm, corresponding to the 78th percentile. 
Concentration (parts per billion)

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1250 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 24.3 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Tolerance is 5000 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 24.3 ppb

MEAN

Cyhalothrin, Total / Butter

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1250 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 24.3 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Percentiles

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Tolerance is 5000 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 24.3 ppb

MEAN

Cyhalothrin, Total / Butter

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1250 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 24.3 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Tolerance is 5000 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 24.3 ppb

MEAN

Cyhalothrin, Total / Butter

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1250 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 24.3 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

-

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Percentiles

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

LEGEND

Tolerance is 5000 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 24.3 ppb

MEAN

Cyhalothrin, Total / Butter

Concentration (parts per billion) Concentration (parts per billion)

Percentiles

-

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

LEGEND

Tolerance is 5000 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 80.5 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Percentiles

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1250 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 80.5 ppb

MEAN

DDE p,p’ / Butter

Percentiles

-

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Percentiles

-

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

LEGEND

Tolerance is 5000 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 80.5 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Percentiles

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1250 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 80.5 ppb

MEAN

DDE p,p’ / Butter

 Appendix L. Page 1 of 5 

Appendix L. Cumulative Distributions of Residues 

for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.1 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.10 ppm

MEAN

Endosulfan sulfate / Cucumbers

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.1 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.10 ppm

MEAN

Endosulfan sulfate / Cucumbers

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

LEGEND

Tolerance is 40.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 5.4 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

LEGEND

Tolerance is 40.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 5.4 ppm

MEAN

Thiabendazole / Mushrooms

 Appendix L. Page 2 of 5 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 3 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 3 ppm

MEAN

Thiabendazole / Pears

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1.0 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

0.0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1.0 ppm

MEAN

Imidacloprid / Sweet Bell Peppers

Highest Level Detected is 0.22 ppm

 Appendix L. Page 3 of 5 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 6 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 6 ppm

MEAN

Dicloran / Sweet Potatoes

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.30 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.30 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.30 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.0

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2.0 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.30 ppm

MEAN

Endosulfan II / Tomatoes

 Appendix L. Page 4 of 5 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

LEGEND

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

LEGEND

No Established Tolerance

Highest Level Detected is 340 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

LEGEND

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

LEGEND

No Established Tolerance

Highest Level Detected is 340 ppb

MEAN

Triazole acetic acid / Wheat Flour

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

LEGEND

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

LEGEND

Triazole alanine / Wheat Flour

No Established Tolerance

Highest Level Detected is 210 ppb

MEAN

 Appendix L. Page 5 of 5 
Appendix M

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Appendix M shows the percentage of samples versus the number of pesticides 

detected per sample. Page 1 shows the overall number of samples and percentages (of 

total number of samples analyzed) for each detection group across all commodities. Page 

2 shows the number of pesticides detected by individual commodity. For the 11,294 

samples tested by multiresidue methods (excluding the triazole special survey), 53.9 

percent of the samples had no detectable pesticides, 22.5 percent had 1 pesticide, and 

23.6 percent of the samples had more than 1 pesticide. 

This appendix reports the number of distinct pesticides rather than residues, as was 

reported in previous years’ summaries. A parent compound and its metabolites are 

reported as a single pesticide. For example, a single application of the pesticide endosulfan 

may result in residues of the parent compound endosulfan I and metabolites endosulfan II 

and endosulfan sulfate. Thus, three residue detections could result from use of a single 

pesticide. In the 2002 summary, Appendix L would have counted that as three distinct 

residues, while this appendix counts it as just one distinct pesticide. 

In most cases, results shown in this appendix are for pesticides detected in samples 

analyzed by PDP as composites of 3/5 pounds, depending on the commodity. Therefore, 

the number of pesticides reported does not necessarily reflect the number of pesticides per 

individual sample or per single serving of a commodity. 
60

50

40

30

20

10

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Number of

Samples 6091 2542 1299 645 385 145 57 24 31 31 29 7 8

Percent of

Total Samples 53.9 22.5 11.5 5.7 3.4 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.06 0.07

TOTAL NUMBER OF SAMPLES = 11,294

Parent compounds and their metabolites are combined to report the number of "pesticides" rather than the number of "residues",

as was reported in previous years' summaries. For example, a sample with positive detections for Endosulfan I, II, and sulfate would

have been counted as three residues detected in the 2002 Appendix L. That same sample would be counted as just one pesticide 

detected in this 2003 Appendix M.

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

APPENDIX M. SAMPLES vs. NUMBER OF PESTICIDES* DETECTED PER SAMPLE

 (Excludes Samples from the Triazole Special Survey) Percent of Samples

53.9

11.5

22.5

1.3

3.4

5.7

0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.06 0.07

Appendix M. Page 1 of 2
Commodity (# of samples) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

Asparagus (351) 92.3 6.6 1.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Cantaloupe (186) 44.1 38.7 16.1 1.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Cucumbers (739) 30.3 40.6 20.4 6.6 2.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Mushrooms (552) 41.7 36.1 19.9 2.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Onion (741) 99.7 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pears (187) 11.2 44.4 26.2 12.8 2.7 1.1 1.6 -- -- -- -- -- --

Spinach (736) 30.7 38.9 22.0 6.4 1.9 -- 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- --

Sweet Bell Peppers (741) 15.5 18.5 19.8 16.2 13.8 7.8 3.8 2.0 1.8 0.3 0.5 -- --

Sweet Potatoes (734) 35.0 50.0 11.7 3.1 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Tomatoes (742) 53.0 31.3 11.2 3.5 0.9 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

Asparagus, Canned (354) 97.5 2.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Green Beans, Canned (743) 61.2 17.0 17.9 3.8 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Peaches, Canned (742) 77.0 22.1 0.9 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree (66) 28.8 16.7 24.2 13.6 10.6 6.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Sweet Corn, Frozen (547) 96.5 3.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Sweet Peas, Frozen (549) 79.6 18.2 2.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Number of Samples 4996 2130 990 341 152 65 32 15 13 2 4 -- --

Percent of Total Samples 57.0 24.5 11.4 3.9 1.7 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.02 0.05 -- --

Processed Grain Product: 

Barley (452) 92.3 7.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Wheat Flour (606) 55.4 30.4 13.7 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Number of Samples 753 219 83 3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Percent of Total Samples 71.2 20.7 7.8 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Dairy Product: 

Butter (732) 1.0 13.7 23.5 32.0 24.5 5.2 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- --

Number of Samples 7 100 172 234 179 38 2 -- -- -- -- -- --

Water:

Water, Drinking (794) 46.0 11.7 6.8 8.4 6.8 5.3 2.9 1.1 2.3 3.7 3.1 0.9 1.0

Number of Samples 365 93 54 67 54 42 23 9 18 29 25 7 8

* Parent compounds and their metabolites are combined to report the number of "pesticides" rather than the number of "residues",

as was reported in previous years' summaries. For example, a sample with positive detections for Endosulfan I, II, and sulfate would

have been counted as three residues detected in the 2002 Appendix L. That same sample would be counted as just one pesticide 

detected in this 2003 Appendix M.

TOTAL NUMBER OF FRUIT & VEGETABLE SAMPLES = 8,710

APPENDIX M. SAMPLES vs. NUMBER OF PESTICIDES* DETECTED PER SAMPLE

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Percent

(Excludes Samples from the Triazole Special Survey)

Appendix M. Page 2 of 2
Appendix N

Fruit and Vegetable Samples Reported to FDA as 

Exceeding the Tolerance 

or Without Established Tolerance 

(per Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180)

 

Appendix N shows residues reported to FDA as exceeding the tolerance or residues 

for which no established tolerance was listed under the Code of Federal Regulations 

(CFR), Title 40, Part 180. In 2003, a total of 200 samples with 218 residues were reported 

to the FDA as Presumptive Tolerance Violations. 

 A total of 35 fruit and vegetable samples were found to have residues at levels 

exceeding the established tolerance. Samples containing a residue exceeding an 

established tolerance included 1 asparagus sample, 1 cantaloupe sample, 8 cucumber 

samples, 3 pear juice samples, 15 spinach samples, 4 sweet bell pepper samples, and 3 

sweet potato samples. 

In addition, 170 fruit and vegetable samples were found to have residues for which 

no tolerance was established. 

• 157 samples contained 1 residue for which no tolerance was established. 

• 13 samples contained 2 residues for which no tolerance was established. 

Five of the 170 samples also contained one residue each that exceeded an established 

tolerance. 

Appendix N also notes if metabolites (or isomers) were detected as part of the same 

sample. In instances where both parent and metabolite (or isomer) were detected, PDP 

accounted for both as part of the same tolerance expression. 

 
Residues Exceeding Established Tolerance

Commodity / Pesticide

Limit of Detection, 

ppm

Concentration 

Detected, ppm

EPA Tolerance 

Level, ppm

1 0.015 0.052 0.01

2 Cantaloupe / Acephate 0.002 0.036 0.02

3 Cucumbers / Acephate 0.002 0.39 0.02

4 Cucumbers / Acephate 0.002 0.18 0.02

5 Cucumbers / Acephate 0.002 0.13 0.02

6 Cucumbers / Acephate 0.002 0.081 0.02

7 Cucumbers / Acephate 0.002 0.036 0.02

8 Cucumbers / Carbofuran 0.013 0.53 0.2

9 Cucumbers / Carbofuran 0.013 0.43 0.2

10 Cucumbers / Oxadixyl 0.015 0.15 0.1

11 0.002 0.057 0.02

12 0.002 0.057 0.02

13 0.002 0.046 0.02

14 Spinach / Acephate 0.005 0.035 0.02

15 0.016 0.26 0.01

16 0.016 0.19 0.01

17 0.016 0.11 0.01

18 0.016 0.068 0.01

19 0.016 0.057 0.01

20 0.016 0.052 0.01

21 0.016 0.048 0.01

22 0.016 0.027 0.01

23 0.016 0.027 0.01

24 0.016 0.027 0.01

25 0.016 0.027 0.01

26 0.016 0.027 0.01

27 Spinach / Dimethoate 0.007 2.6 2

28 0.042 0.51 0.05

29 0.012 0.045 0.01

30 0.012 0.02 0.01

31 0.012 0.020 0.01

32 0.012 0.020 0.01

33 Sweet Potatoes / Chlorpyrifos 0.001 0.084 0.05

34 0.013 1.1 0.25

35 0.010 0.29 0.25

Sweet Bell Peppers / Fludioxonil

Sweet Bell Peppers / Fludioxonil

Sweet Bell Peppers / Fludioxonil

Sweet Bell Peppers / Fludioxonil

Sweet Potatoes / Piperonyl butoxide

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total

Sweet Potatoes / Piperonyl butoxide

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

APPENDIX N. SAMPLES REPORTED TO FDA AS EXCEEDING THE TOLERANCE

OR WITHOUT ESTABLISHED TOLERANCE

(per Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180)

Asparagus / Cyhalothrin, Lambda

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree / Methamidophos

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree / Methamidophos

Pear Juice, Concen./Puree / Methamidophos

Spinach / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 1

Appendix N. Page 1 of 3 
Commodity / Pesticide

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

Reported

% of 

Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA Tolerance 

Level, ppm

1 Apples

RH 9130 (fenbuconazole metab.) 744 1 0.1 0.010 ^ 0.001 ^ NT

2 Asparagus 

DCPA 250 1 0.4 0.004 ^ 0.002 ^ NT

Endosulfan I 250 1 0.4 0.004 ^ 0.002 ^ NT

Endosulfan sulfate 250 1 0.4 0.006 ^ 0.004 ^ NT

Iprodione 250 1 0.4 0.038 ^ 0.023 ^ NT

Quintozene (PCNB) 250 1 0.4 0.002 ^ 0.002 ^ NT

Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) 250 1 0.4 0.57 ^ 0.015 - 0.075 NT

Thiabendazole 1 1 100 0.050 ^ 0.030 ^ NT

3 Asparagus, Canned

o-Phenylphenol 2 354 3 0.8 0.017 - 0.023 0.010 - 0.015 NT

4 Barley

Methoxychlor p,p' 432 2 0.5 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ NT

5 Butter

Metalaxyl 732 1 0.1 15.5 ^ 9.3 ^ NT

6 Cucumbers

Dimethoate 562 10 1.8 0.003 - 1.95 0.002 ^ NT

 Omethoate 3 562 9 1.6 0.007 - 0.019 0.004 ^ NT

Fenamiphos sulfone 525 2 0.4 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ NT

Iprodione 525 3 0.6 0.035 ^ 0.021 ^ NT

Triadimenol 1 1 100 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ NT

7 Green Beans, Canned

o-Phenylphenol 2 37 2 5.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ NT

8 Mushrooms

Desmedipham 1 1 100 0.092 ^ 0.026 ^ NT

o-Phenylphenol 2 552 35 6.3 0.005 - 0.75 0.003 - 0.010 NT

9 Pear Juice, Concen./Puree

Diphenylamine (DPA) 66 1 1.5 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ NT

10 Pears

Diphenylamine (DPA) 187 5 2.7 0.016 - 0.022 0.010 - 0.015 NT

Parathion ethyl 133 1 0.8 0.037 ^ 0.008 ^ NT

11 Spinach

Atrazine 736 1 0.1 0.040 ^ 0.024 ^ NT

DCPA 736 3 0.4 0.012 - 0.031 0.007 ^ NT

Iprodione 736 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ NT

Oxamyl 736 1 0.1 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ NT

Parathion ethyl 736 1 0.1 0.10 ^ 0.006 ^ NT

Distribution of Residues with No Tolerance Listed in 40 CFR, Part 180, by Commodity/Pesticide

(Includes Samples of Unknown Origin)

Appendix N. Page 2 of 3 
Commodity / Pesticide

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

Reported

% of 

Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

12 Sweet Bell Peppers

Chlorpropham 741 10 1.3 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ NT

Dicloran 741 2 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT

Diphenylamine (DPA) 741 2 0.3 0.011 - 0.015 0.003 ^ NT

Fenpropathrin 741 1 0.1 0.026 ^ 0.016 ^ NT

Methiocarb 741 1 0.1 0.008 ^ 0.001 - 0.005 NT

Pirimicarb 727 2 0.3 0.016 ^ 0.010 ^ NT

Pirimiphos methyl 741 3 0.4 0.004 - 0.015 0.002 ^ NT

Tebuconazole 725 2 0.3 0.032 ^ 0.002 - 0.019 NT

Thiabendazole 741 4 0.5 0.001 ^ 0.001 - 0.016 NT

Vinclozolin 741 1 0.1 0.080 ^ 0.004 ^ NT

13 Sweet Corn, Frozen

Aldicarb 350 1 0.3 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ NT

o-Phenylphenol 2 547 18 3.3 0.013 - 0.28 0.008 - 0.010 NT

14 Sweet Peas, Frozen

o-Phenylphenol 2 484 20 4.1 0.024 - 0.30 0.010 - 0.015 NT

Procymidone 395 1 0.3 0.14 ^ 0.015 ^ NT

Vinclozolin 449 3 0.7 0.054 - 0.14 0.003 - 0.010 NT

15 Tomatoes

Iprodione 7 7 100 0.035 - 0.52 0.021 - 0.034 NT

16 Wheat Flour

Methoxychlor p,p' 606 8 1.3 0.008 ^ 0.005 ^ NT

Pirimiphos methyl 606 6 1 0.005 - 0.013 0.003 ^ NT

KEY

 ^ The same concentration was reported for all detections or LODs.

NT No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

1 Previously reported as lambda cyhalothrin total, which included lambda cyhalothrin (a 1:1 mixture of the cis-(1R,3R),

S-enantiomer and the cis-(1S,3S),R-enantiomer) as well as R157836 (a 1:1 mixture of the cis-(1S,3S),S-enantiomer

and the cis-(1R,3R),R-enantiomer).

2 o-Phenylphenol is a disinfectant approved for use in food handling establishments, including production facilities for

commodities identified above.

3 Nine detections within the same samples as Dimethoate.

Note:

For those pesticide/commodity pairs where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (3 times the

limit of detection), the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

Appendix N. Page 3 of 3 
 PESTICIDE DATA PROGRAM

 Annual Summary Calendar Year 2003

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