Selecting Streams for Treatment 

and Planning Lampricide

Applications

EPA Registration Review

November 5, 2012
Stream Assessment

• First step in planning 

is detection

• Density and habitat 

surveys are 

conducted to 

determine a cost per 

kill estimate 

1
Selecting Streams for Treatment

• Streams are placed into nine categories.

• Large Scale Treatments

• St. Marys River

• Annual 

• Lake Erie

• Expert Judgment

• Expert Judgment II

• Deferrals

• Geographic Efficiencies

• Ranking

2
3
4
5
Planning Stream Treatments

6
Preliminary Data

• Water Discharge

• Stream gauging's are used

to determine water gain

and predict lampricide

dilution.

• Staff gauges are used to 

correlate discharge 

measurements

7
Preliminary Data

• Time of passage

• Rhodamine dye is introduced at lampricide 

application sites

8
Preliminary Data

• Diel water chemistries

• pH, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen

• pH and alkalinity values are correlated using 

prediction charts in which an MLC is 

determined where sea lamprey larvae are 

effectively killed and sensitive species are 

protected.

9
10
11
12
Prediction Charts

• Based on 20 years of 

bioassay results

• Were historically

based on alkalinity

alone

• Three different 

versions exist today

– TFM only

– TFM + 0.5% Bayluscide

– TFM + 1.0% Bayluscide

13
TFM ONLY TABLE

Alkalinity as CaCo3

pH BT Lc25 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185

8.20 10.7 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.3

8.21 10.9 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4

8.22 11.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5

8.23 11.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5

8.24 11.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6

8.25 11.6 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7

8.26 11.8 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7

8.27 12.0 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8

8.28 12.1 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8

8.29 12.3 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9

8.30 12.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.0

8.31 12.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0

8.32 12.9 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1

8.33 13.1 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2

8.34 13.3 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3

8.35 13.5 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3

8.36 13.7 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.4

8.37 13.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5

8.38 14.1 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5

8.39 14.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6

8.40 14.5 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7

8.41 14.7 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8

8.42 15.0 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9

8.43 15.2 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0

8.44 15.5 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1

8.45 15.7 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2

8.46 15.9 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2

8.47 16.2 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3

8.48 16.4 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4

8.49 16.7 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5

8.50 16.9 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6

851 172 4

7 48 50 51 53 54 56 57 59 60 61 62 64 65 66 67

14
TFM ONLY TABLE

Alkalinity as CaCo3

pH BT Lc25 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155

8.20 10.7 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1

8.21 10.9 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.1

8.22 11.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2

8.23 11.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.2

8.24 11.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3

8.25 11.6 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.3

8.26 11.8 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

8.27 12.0 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.4

8.28 12.1 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5

8.29 12.3 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.5

8.30 12.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6

8.31 12.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.6

8.32 12.9 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7

8.33 13.1 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8

8.34 13.3 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8

8.35 13.5 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9

8.36 13.7 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.9 4.9

8.37 13.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0

8.38 14.1 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.1

8.39 14.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1

8.40 14.5 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2

15
16
Treatment Parameters

• All preliminary data are summarized

•Water chemistries, discharge, time of 

passage

• Previous lampricide treatments are 

referenced to use as a foundation for the 

current treatment.

• Minimum and maximum lethal concentrations 

are determined.

17
Flow Model

• An Excel spreadsheet with formulas that 

are driven by regressions from historical 

treatment data.

• Instrumental in planning and treatment 

execution, especially when parameter 

changes occur during treatment.

18
19
20
Lampricide Applications

21
Lampricide Applications

• Lampricide is metered into the stream in 

12-hour blocks to achieve 9 hours of MLC.

• The lampricide block attenuates and dilutes as 

it moves downstream requiring additional 

applications in order to maintain MLC.

22
TFM Analysis 

• Lampricide concentrations are measured at least 

hourly to ensure appropriate concentrations of 

lampricide are being applied.

23
0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

T

F

M [ppm]

Time

Pere Marquette River - Lake Michigan

2012 - 18/830/0.52 Little South Br. Pere Marquette R. at 16 Mile Rd.

TFM Conc pH MLC TFM MAC

TFM Max

TFM MLC

24
Niclosamide Analysis

• Niclosamide is analyzed to ensure appropriate

concentrations of lampricides are being applied.

25
0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

NICLO [ppb]

T

F

M [ppm]

Time

Pere Marquette River - Lake Michigan

2012 - 06/075/3.59 Pere Marquette R. at Rainbow Rapids PAS

TFM Conc pH MLC TFM MAC NICLO Conc NICLO SMLC

NICLO MLC

TFM Max

26
Downstream Analysis

• Robotic water samplers (ISCO’s) are deployed

throughout the system to gather samples in the

lampricide block to read later for concentrations.

27
Treatment Collections

• Biological surveys are made throughout the

treated area to collect dead larvae and check for 

non-target mortality.

28
Successful Treatment

• The lampricide concentrations throughout the 

treated area are compared with water 

chemistry data gathered during treatment. 

• MLC is maintained throughout the system for 

at least nine hours.

29
Stream Treatment Frequency

30
31
Streams Scheduled for Treatment 2000-2012

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50

100

150

200

250

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

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Superior Michigan Huron Erie Ontario

32
Questions

33