IN THE SUPREME COURT OF MISSISSIPPI

NO. 1998-SA-01318-SCT

LOIS YOUNG

v.

MISSISSIPPI EMPLOYMENT SECURITY COMMISSION

DATE OF JUDGMENT: 08/11/1998

TRIAL JUDGE: HON. V. R. COTTEN

COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED: NESHOBA COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT

ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLANT: LAUREL G. WEIR

THOMAS L. BOOKER, JR.

ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE: MARK D. RAY

ALBERT B. WHITE

NATURE OF THE CASE: CIVIL - STATE BOARDS AND AGENCIES

DISPOSITION: AFFIRMED - 11/18/1999

MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED: 11/23/99; denied 01/27/2000

MANDATE ISSUED: 2/3/2000

BEFORE PITTMAN, P.J., McRAE AND SMITH, JJ.

McRAE, JUSTICE, FOR THE COURT:

¶1. On May 20, 1998, Lois Young was fired from her job as a slot floorperson at the Silver Star Casino.(1)

She applied for unemployment compensation but was denied benefits because she had committed

misconduct by failing to turn over her employee identification badge upon suspension. Young appealed the

denial of benefits. The decision of the claims examiner, however, was upheld by the appeals referee, the

review board, and, finally, the Neshoba County Circuit Court. Young appealed to this Court, and, because

we find that Young's act of failing to turn over her badge was sufficient to constitute misconduct pursuant to

Miss. Code Ann. § 71-5-513 (Supp. 1999), we affirm.

FACTS AND PROCEEDINGS BELOW

¶2. There was never any hearing in this case(2) and the only facts available are those contained in the report

by MESC interviewer Karen Love:

Employer's statement: Mary Roberts, Human Resources, was interviewed on 5/26/98 and she stated

claimant was discharged because she refused to turn in her badge, keys, etc. at suspension. On the

last day of work, the claimant went to a slot manager and asked to trade breaks with another

employee. The slot manager said no, it was not allowed. The claimant then went to a supervisor, with

another person, and said she needed to trade breaks. The supervisor was unaware that the request

had previously been denied by the slot manager and said yes. When the employer realized what the
claimant had done, she was suspended. When employees are suspended their badges, keys, etc. are

requested by the employer. The claimant refused to turn in her badge. This coupled with the initial

incident caused her discharge.

Claimant's statement: The claimant was interviewed on 5/29/98 and she stated she was told she was

discharged for insubordination. The claimant said she wanted to take her break at an earlier time.

Most people on the floor are allowed to switch breaks. The slot manager said no, but the supervisor

okayed it. After her break was okayed, she asked another supervisor why a certain employee was

always allowed to have a 10 a.m. break. She was suspended for asking questions, not for changing

her break. The claimant said she turned her keys in, but refused to turn in her badge because she

needed it to pick up her check.

¶3. Despite the many appeals that were taken in this case, the only substantive opinion is that of the Claims

Examiner.

You were separated from your employment with Silver Star on May 20, 1998. Investigation reveals

you were discharged because you refused to turn in your badge when the employer was suspending

you for trading breaks with another employee after your initial request to do so had been denied. It is,

therefore, determined that you were discharged for misconduct connected with your work.

DISCUSSION

¶4. On appeal, Lois Young contends that the "decision of the lower court is contrary to the overwhelming

weight of the evidence and not supported by any law or evidence and any reasonable reading of the Record

will show that Plaintiff-Appellant was wrongfully discharged and was not guilty of any misconduct."

¶5. Great deference is accorded an administrative agency's findings and decisions. The Trading Post,

Inc. v. Nunnery, 731 So.2d 1198, 1200 (Miss. 1999). On appeal, an employee challenging the Board's

decision has the burden of overcoming a rebuttable presumption in favor of the Board's decision. Miss.

Code Ann. § 71-5-531 (Supp.1999) (requiring that the Board's factual findings, if supported by evidence,

be viewed as conclusive and confining judicial review to questions of law); City of Clarksdale v.

Mississippi Employment Sec. Comm'n, 699 So.2d 578, 580 (Miss. 1997); Allen v. Mississippi

Employment Sec. Commission, 639 So.2d 904, 906 (Miss. 1994). The denial of benefits may be

disturbed only if the denial is (1) unsupported by substantial evidence, (2) arbitrary or capricious, (3)

beyond the scope of power granted to the agency, or (4) in violation of the employee's constitutional rights.

Mississippi Comm'n on Envtl. Quality v. Chickasaw County Bd. of Supervisors, 621 So.2d 1211,

1215 (Miss.1993).

¶6. Under Miss. Code Ann. § 71-5-513A(1)(c) (Supp. 1999), the employer bears the burden of

proving misconduct by clear and convincing evidence. The Trading Post, Inc., 731 So. 2d at 1201;

Richardson v. Mississippi Employment Sec. Comm'n, 593 So.2d 31, 34 (Miss.1992). There is no

dearth of Mississippi case law with respect to what is required to prove misconduct.

[T]he meaning of the term "misconduct," as used in the unemployment compensation statute, was

conduct evincing such willful and wanton disregard of the employer's interest as is found in

deliberate violations or disregard of standards of behavior which the employer has the right

to expect from his employee. Also, carelessness and negligence of such degree, or recurrence
thereof, as to manifest culpability, wrongful intent or evil design, and showing an intentional or

substantial disregard of the employer's interest or of the employee's duties and obligations to his

employer, came within the term. Mere inefficiency, unsatisfactory conduct, failure in good

performance as the result of inability or incapacity, or inadvertences and ordinary negligence in

isolated incidents, and good faith errors in judgment or discretion were not considered "misconduct"

within the meaning of the statute.

City of Clarksdale, 699 So.2d at 581 (emphasis in original) (police officer's failure to pass physical fitness

test required to receive certification was misconduct) (quoting Wheeler v. Arriola, 408 So.2d 1381, 1383

(Miss.1982)). See also Mississippi Employment Sec. Comm'n v. McGlothin, 556 So.2d 324 (Miss.

1990).

¶7. Insubordination may amount to misconduct. Halbert v. City of Columbus, 722 So.2d 522, 525-27

(Miss. 1998); Mississippi Employment Sec. Comm'n v. McGlothin, 556 So.2d at 328; Shannon

Eng'g & Constr., Inc. v. Mississippi Employment Sec. Comm'n, 549 So.2d 446, 449 (Miss. 1989).

In Halbert, the employee worked as a truck driver in the city sanitation department. The city's drug abuse

policy required the random drug testing of half the city's employees each year. An employee randomly

selected for testing was given, upon notification, three hours in which to submit to testing. When the

employee in Halbert was advised that she had been selected for the test, she failed to comply and was

fired. This Court held that the employee's failure to submit to drug testing within three hours of notification

constituted misconduct disqualifying her from unemployment benefits. Halbert, 722 So.2d at 527.

¶8. In this case, the employer had a legitimate security interest in keeping unauthorized persons away from

the casino premises. Given our scope of review, Young's refusal to turn over her badge pursuant to the

Casino's policy merits a finding of misconduct. Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the circuit court

denying benefits.

¶9. JUDGMENT IS AFFIRMED.

PRATHER, C.J., SULLIVAN AND PITTMAN, P.JJ., BANKS, SMITH,

MILLS, WALLER AND COBB, JJ., CONCUR.

1. Silver Star is owned by the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians and is managed by Boyd Mississippi,

Inc. See Harrison v. Boyd Mississippi, Inc., 700 So.2d 247, 251 n.3 (Miss. 1997).

2. A hearing was scheduled before the Appeals Referee but Young was late because she was trying to get

her phone turned on. A representative and a witness for the employer showed up but the Referee did not

take their testimony. No doubt, as MESC argues, the Referee determined that they would testify consistent

with the record made by the Claims Examiner.