## Wednesday 

# October 17, 1990

- =



# Part II 

# Department of

-- 

# _ Energy

Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy

10 CFR Part 430 Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products; Final Rule Regarding Test Procedures and Energy Conservation Standards for Water Heaters

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## Wednesday 

## October 17, 1990



# Part HI 

# Depa·rtment of Energy

Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy

10 CFR Part 430 Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products; Final Rule Regarding Test Procedures 

## and" Energy Conservation Standards for Water Heaters

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### 42162 Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Forrestal Building, Mail Station. GC- Section 323(e) of the Act requires DOE 12, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., to determine to what extent, if any, a Office of Conservation and Washington, DC 20585, (202) 586-9507 proposed test procedure would alter the Renewable Energy SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

### measured energy efficiency ormeasured 

### energy use of any coveredproduct as 10 CFR Part 430 I.Background determined under the existing test [Docket No.CAS-RM-79-105] A. Program Requirements procedure. IfDOE determines that an Part B oftitle III ofthe Energy Policy amended test procedure would alter the 

### Energy Conservation Program for d Conservation Ameasured efficiency ormeasured energy Consumer Products; Final Rule Law 94-163, as amended bythe National use of a covered product DOE is 

### Regarding Test Procedures and Energy Conservation PolicyAct required to amend the related energy Energy Conservation Standardsfor (NECPA) Public Law 95619, the conservation standard accordingly. In WaterHeaters National Appliance Energy determining the amended standard, AGENCY: Office ofConservation and Conservation Act (NAECA) of1987, OE isrequired tomeasure the energy Renewable Energy, Department of Public Law 100-12, and heNational efficiency or energy use of Ene abeEegrgy. Dp n oAppliance Energy Conservation representative samples ofcovered a^'on .Final .i », Amendments of 1988 (NAECA 1988), products which minimally comply with ACTION: 

### Final rule. Public Law 100-357, created the Energy the existing standard. The average SUMMARY: The Energy Conservation Conservation Program for Consumer efficiency ofthese representative Program for ConsumerProducts is Products otherthan Automobiles samples, tested using the amended test conducted under the Energy Policy and (Program).I The thirteen consumer pocdure, constitutes the amended Conservation Act, as amended. Energy products currently subject to thisstandard. Section 323(e)(2). conservation standards for most types program (often referred to hereafter as B. TestProcedures ofmajor household appliances, 'covered products") include water 

### including water heaters, are among the heaters, the subject oftoday's The initial water heater test including water heaters, are among the heat hu t o procedures were prescribed by notice required Program elements. The rulemaking.tresere pr b legislation also requires the Department Under the Act, the Program consists iued September 27, 1977. 42 FR 54110 to establish standard methods oftesting essentially of three parts: testing, (October 4, 1977). These original covered products. In thecase of any labeling, and Federal energy procedures coupled laboratory tests and coveedproducs.Inecason labeling.and Federal ocedures coupled laboratory tests and amended test procedure, moreover, the conservation standards. The calculations to obtain estimates of Department must determine to what Department ofEnergy (DOE or energy efficiency for storage type extent the amended test procedure Department), in consultation with the electric, gas and oil water heaters. The would alter the measured efficiency of National Institute ofStandards and laboratory tests consisted ofa cold the related energy conservation Technology (NIST) (formerly National start recovery efficiency test," which standard and make appropriate Bureau of Standards), is required to measured the ability ofa water heater to corrections to the standard. amend or establish new test procedures heat cold water, and a "standby loss

The purposes ofthe final rule as appropriate for each ofthe covered test," which measured theenergy loss of announced today are (i) to improve and producfs. Section 323. The purpose of a waer heater when not providing refine the test procedure for water the test procedures is to produce test heated water. Recovery efficiency and heaters and (ii) to amend the energy results which measure the energy percent standby loss are then conservation standards for electric efficiency, energy use, or estimated mthematically combined in the water heaters in order to reflect the annual operating cost ofa covered calculations to obtain an energy factor, changes in measured efficiency caused product during a representative average DOE's overall measure ofwater heater by the revised test procedure. There is use cycle or period ofuse and shall not efficiency. Also, the original procedures

no change to the standard for gas and be unduly burdensome to conduct,included calculations for determining oil water heaters resulting from the Section 323(u)(3). A test procedure is not the annual energy consumption and revised test procedure. required if DOE determines by rule that annual operating costs. DOE amended

In addition, today's rule also corrects one cannot be developed. Section the water heater test procedures by notice issuedAugust 30,1979, inorder to the effective date ofstandards for 323(d)(1). One hundred and eighty days notice issued August 30,1979, in order to mobile home furnaces in §430.32(e) that after a test procedure for a product is prescribe a "measure of a water heater's
was incorrectly published onFebruary adopted, no manufacturer may represent useful capatycaled first hour rating 7, 1989, 54 FR 6077. The correct effective the energy consumption of, or the cost of whee useful capacity was the maximum date is September 1,1990. energy consumed by, the product except hourly demand which could be met by nDATES: The effective date for this as reflected in tests conducted according the water heater. 44FR 52632 d cument is April 15, 1991. The effective to the DOE procedure. Section 323(c)(2). (September 7.1979). date of standards for mobile home However, the one hundred and eighty By notice published in the Federal furnaces in s 430.32(e) is September 1 

### day period referred to in section Register on February 8, 1984, (1984 e1990. n 403()sSetmr1 323(c)(2) may be extended for a period proposal), DOE proposed to amend its ofup to an additional one hundred and test ocedures for water heaters. 49FR FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: eighty days ifthe Secretary determines 4870. ;he purpose of the 1984 proposal Carl E. Adams, U.S. Department of that the requirements of section 323(c)(2) was threefold: First, to extend coverage

Energy, Office of Conservation and would impose undue burden. Section ofthe test procedures to heat pump Rene.vable Energy, Forrestal Building. 323(c)(3). Test procedures appearat 10 water heaters, a relatively new water Mail Station, CE-43, 1000 CFR part 430, subpart B. heater design not previously covered by Independence Avenue SW., the test procedures; second, to add a Washington, DC 20585, (202) 586-9127
, art Boftitle 

### IIIofEPCA. as amended. is method of testing to determine the, first Eugene Margolis. Esq., U.S. Department referred tointhi finalrule as the"Act." Part Bof hour rating ofwater heaters equipped

ofEnergy, Office ofGeneral Counsel, title III iscodified at42 U.S.C.szi-ea30. with thermal compensating dip tubes

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## 42182 Federal Register 

# I Vol. 55, No. 201 

# I Wednesday, October 17. 1990 

# I Rules and Regulations

DEPARTMENT

## OF ENERGY
Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy

. 10 CFR Part 430 [Docket No. CAs-RM-79-105] 

### Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products; Final Rule Regarding Teat Procedures and Energy Conservation Standards for Water Heate,.

AGENCY: 

### Office ofConservation and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy.

. ACTION: 

### Final rule.

SU

.... ARY: 

### TheEnergy Conservation Program for ConsumerProducts is conducted under the Energy Policy and ConservationAct. as amended. Energy consel'Vation standards for most types ofmajorhousehold appliances. including waterheaters. are among the required Programelements. The legislation also requires the Department to establish standardmethods oftesting covered products. In the case ofany amended test procedure. moreover. the Departmentmust determine to what extentthe amended test procedure would alter the measured efficiency of the. related energy conservation

, standard and make appropriate

corrections to the standard.

The purposes ofthe final rule announced today are (i) 

### to improve and refine the test procedure for water heaters and (ii) 

### to amend the energy conservation standards for electric waterheaters in order to reflect the changes in measured efficiency caused

.by the revised test procedure. There is n? change to the standardfor gas and
011 

### water heaters resulting from the revised testprocedure.

In addition. today's rule also corrects the effective date ofstandards for mobilehome furnaces in §

### 430.32{e) that

was incorrectly published onFebruary 7. 1989. 54 FR 6077. The correct effective date is September 1. 1990. DATES!

### The effective date for this d' cument is April 15. 1991. The effective date of standardsfor mobile home furnaces in § 

### 430.32(e) is September 1. 1990. FOR FURTHER INFOR

.. AnoN CONTACT: 

### Cllrl E. Adams. U.S. Department of

Energy. Office ofConservation and Rene .vable Energy. Forrestal Building. Mail Station. CE-43. 1000 Independence Avenue SW

.. ' Washington. DC 20585. (202) 586-9127 Eugene Margolis. Esq., U.S. Department

ofEnergy, Office ofGeneral Counsel.

, ' 5-051999 0002(00)(16-ocT**-~** 14:02:47) 

### Forrestal Building, Mail Station. GC12.1000Independence Avenue SW.• Washington. DC 20585. (202)**5~507** 'SUPPLE

.. ENTARY 'NFORIlAnON: 

### I. Background
A. 

### ProgramRequirements

.

PartBoftitle 

### UI ofthe Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA). Public Law94-163. as amendedby'theNational Energy Conservation Policy Act (NECPA). PublicLaw95-619. the NationalAppliance Endrgy ConservationAct (NAECA) of 1987. Public Law 100-12. and:he National Appliance Energy Conservation' Amendments of1988 (NAECA 1988); Public Law 100-357. created the Energy Conservation Programfor Consumer Products otherthan Automobiles (Program).1 The thirteen consumer products currently subjectto this program (often referred to hereafter as "covered products") include water heaters. the subject oftoday's rulemaking.

Under the Act. the Program consists essentially ofthree parts: testing. labeling. and Federalenergy

. conservation standards.The Department ofEnergy (riOE or Department). in consultation with the National Institute ofStandards and Technology (NIST) (formerly National Bureau ofStandards). is required to amend orestablish new test procedures

as appropriate for each ofthe covered producfs. Section 323.The purpose of the testprocedUres is to produce test results which measure the energy efficiency, energy use. orestimated annual operating cost ofa covered product during a representative average
use cycle orperiod ofuse and shallnot be undulyb,'rdensome to conduct. Section**323{u)(3)~** 

### A test procedure is not required ifDOE determines byrule that

one cannotbe developed. Section 323(d)(I). One hundred and eighty days after a test procedure for a product is adopted. nomanufacturermay represent the energy consumption of. orthe cost of energy consumedby. the product except
as reflected in tests conducted according to the DOE procedure. Section 323(c)(2). However. tha one hundred and eighty day period referred to in section 323(c)(2) may be extended for a period ofup to an additional onehundred and eighty days ifthe Secretary determines that the requirements ofsection323(c)(2) would impose undue burden. Section 323(c)(3). Testprocedures appear at 10 CFR part430. subpart B.

I Part .B oftitle III ofEPCA. a8 amended. is referred to in this final rule a8 tbe "Act." Part Bof title III is codified at42 U.S.C. 62II1..Q09.



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...7-Q8-88 Section 323(e) oftheAct requires DOE to determine to what extent. 

### ifany. a proposed test procedUre would alter the measured energyefficiency ormeasured energyuse ofany covered product as

.determined wider the existing test procedure. 

### IfDOE determines that an amended testprocedure would alter the measured effiCiency ormeasured energy
use ofa covered product. DOE is

. required to amend the related energy conservation standard accordingly. In determiningthe amended standard. POEis required to measure the energy efficiency or energyuse of representative samples ofcovered products which minimally comply with the existing standard.The average effiCiency ofthese representative samples. testedusing the amended test procedure. constitutes the amended standard. Section 323(e)(2).



### .B. TestProcedures
The initial water heatertest procedures were prescribed bynotice issued September27.1977.42FR 54110 (October4.1977). These original procedures coupled laboratory tests and calculations to obtain estimates of energy efficiency for storage type electric. gas and oil waterheaters. The 'laboratory tests consisted oia "cold startrecovery efficiency test," which measured the ability ofa waterheliter to heat cold water. and a "standby 100!Is test," whichmeasured the energy loss of

a waterheaterwhennot providing heated water. Recovery efficiency and percent standby loss are then mathematically combined in the calculations to obtain an energyfactor. DOE's overall measure ofwater heater efficiency. Also. the original procedures included.calculations for determining the annual energy consumption and annual operating costs. DOE amended the waterheater test procedures by

. notice issued August 30. 1979. in orderto prescribe a "measure ofa waterheater's useful capacity called first hourrating."

. where useful capacity was the maximum hourly demand which could be met by the waterheater. 44 

### FR 52632 (September 7. 

### 1979).

By notice published in the Federal Registeron February 8. 

### 1984. (1984 proposal). DOE proposed to amend its test: 'ocedures for waterheaters. 49 FR 4870.**~'he** 

### purpose ofthe 1984 proposal
was threefold: First. to extend coverage ofthe test procedures to heat pump water heaters. a relatively new water heaterdesign not previously covered by the test procedures; second. to add a method oftesting to determine the. first hourrating ofwaterheaters equipped with thermal compensatingdip tubes

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17. 1990 / Rules and Regulations 42163

which provide a more constant outlet (2) Revising the method of test for all test procedure will remain in effect until water temperature by controlling the water heaters from a no draw test to a the effective date oftoday's amendment mixing of incoming cold water with 24-hour simulated use test which for the purpose ofrating existing water stored hot water and third, to make includes a six-hour draw test: and heaters. After the effective date of the modifications to the test procedures that (3)Revising the first hour rating test amended test procedure, all calculations would yield more accurate from a calculated estimate to a direct of energy efficiency or energy use of determinations ofenergy efficiency and measure for determining a water water heaters or cost of energy cost of operation forgas, oil and electric heater's ability to supply hot water. consumed by water heaters are to be storage water heaters. By notice published on January 17, based on the new test procedure.

By notice published March 16, 1984, 1989 (1989 proposal) the Department Consequently, all water heaters must be DOE. on request of the water heater proposed to amend the energy retested using the test procedure industry, extended the comment period conservation standards of title 10, part announced today. 42 days and rescheduled the March 15, 430. ofthe Code ofFederal Regulations 1984. public hearing to April 26, 1984. 49 for water heaters to reflect the changes C. EnergyConservationStandards FR 10071. in measured efficiency which would be NAECA added a definition for water

In commer'j received in 1984 and caused by a newly revised test heaters, as follows: throughout 1985. numerous parties procedure. 54 FR 1890. The 1989 requested that DOE withdraw the 1984 proposal discussed all the comments whh uties oi. gas. orelectrcity toheat proposal and wait until a more made on the revision ofthe test potable waterfor use outside the heater upon comprehensive proposal could be procedure proposed in the 1987 proposal demand, including- developed. Most notably, on October 2- and included the newly revised test (A) storage type units which heat and store 3,1985. DOE and NIST hosted a forum procedure which incorporated those water at a thermostatically controlled
on testing and rating procedures for comments and which was used to temperature, including gas storage water
consumer products which was attended determine the 1989 proposed heaters with an input of 75,000 Btuper hour by manufacturers, utilities, States, and conservation standard. Furthermore, the or less, oil storagewater heaters with an public interest groups. At the forum, 1989 proposal stated that the newly input of 105,000 Btu per hour or less, and 

### there was unanimous agreement that revised test procedure was not included electric storage water heaters with an input DOE should withdraw the 1984 proposal for comment except in regard to the 

### n ous type units which heat 

### (B) instantaneous type units which heat and initiate the development of a single manufacturers' ability to replicate the water but contain no more than one gallon of test procedure method which would be DOE methodology in complying with the water per4,000 Btuper hour of input, applicable to all types of residential proposed efficiency standards, and including gas instantaneous water heaters type water heaters, including the indicated that the newly revised test with an input of200,000 Btuper hour or less. instantaneous type of water heaters. 'procedure contained in the 1989 oil instantaneous water heaters with an input

By notice published March 13,1987 proposal would be made final when the of210,000 Btu per hour or less, and electric (1987 proposal) DOE proposed a single revised standard levels forwater instantaneous water heaters with an input of test procedure for all types ofwater heaters were made final. Today's notice 12 kilowatts or less; and heaters, including instantaneous type finalizes the test procedure included in (C) heat pump type units, with amaximum water heaters. 52 FR 7972. The 1987 the 1989 proposal as modified byDOE in current rating of24 amperes at a voltage no the 1989 proposal also addressed the mconsideration ofthose commentsdesigned to transfer thermal energy DOEfrom one 

### proposal also addressed the matter of consideration comments greater than 250 volts, which are products four test procedure waivers where four dealing with themanufacturers' ability temperature levelto a highertemperature manufacturers ofwater heaters had to replicate the DOE methodology in level forthe purpose of heating water. received allowance to test certain water complying with the proposed standards. including all ancillary equipment such as heaters under modified test procedures. Today's notice also corrects various fans, storage tanks, pumps, or controls Since publication of the 1987 proposal, a typographical errors contained in the necessary forthe device to perform its fifth manufacturer has received a test 1989 proposal, several of which were function. procedure waiver. The 1987 proposal initially identified in a correction notice NAECA also prescribes energy would extend these modifications to all published by DOE in the February 9, conservation standards for 11 types of manufacturers ofsimilar designs and 1989, Federal Register. 54 FR 6364. appliances including the following thereby would terminate the five Today's rule amends appendix E of standards for gas, oil-fired, and electric individual waivers. The five waivers subpart B of10 CFR part 430. This new water heaters.
are: A.O. Smith Corporation for its gas test procedure is effective 180 days after water heaters equipped with thermal publication of today's final rule. Section compensating dip tube, 47 FR 53942 323(c)(2) of the Act specifies that Product class Energy factor 

### (November 30, 1982). and four effective 180 days after an amended or manufacturers ofwater heaters with new test procedure applicable to a 1.Gas water heater........... .62-(.00xRated 

### large thermal mass designs: Bock Water covered product is prescribed, no galoran). Heaters Inc., 50 FR 47106 (November 14, manufacturer may make a2. il water heater....... 59-(.otJ9xRated 1985), modified 51 FR 21975 (June 17, representation with respect to energy storage volume in 1986), Ford Products Inc., 50 FR 50678 use or efficiency of such product or the galIons). (December 11, 1985), modified 51 FR cost ofenergy consumed by such 3. Ettc watr heater

..... v o95- 1 te 18659 (May 21, 1986), Lochinvar Water product, unless the product is tested in gallons). Heaters, Inc.. 51 FR 22966 (June 24. 1988), accordance with such amended or new 

### and Aero Environmental Limited. 53 FR test procedure. Section 323(c)(3) of the 9687 (March 24. 1988). Act allows foran extension ofan These standards are effective for

The major issues covered in the 1987 additional 180 days ofthe aforesaid products manufactured on or after proposal included: effective date ifthe Secretary January 1, 1990.



### (1)Extending the test procedure to determines upon petition that the Section 323(e) of the Act requires DOE
cover heat pump water heaters and requirements ofsection 323(2) would to determine to what extent, ifany, a instantaneous type water heaters: impose an undue burden. The extant proposed test procedure would alter the

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### Federal Register 

## I Vol. 55, No. 201 

## I Wednesday, October 17. 1990 

## I Rules and Regulations 42163

which provide a more constant outlet water temperature by controlling the mixing ofincoming cold water with storedhot water: and third. to make modifications to the test procedures that would yield more accurate determinations ofenergy efficiency and cost ofoperation for gas. oil and electric storagewaterheaters.

By notice published March 16. 1984. DOE. on request ofthe waterheater industry. extended the comment period 42 days andrpscheduled the March 15. 1984. public hearing to April 26. 1984. 49 FR 10071.

In commer·.:j received in 1984 and throughout 1985. numerous parties requested that DOE withdraw the 1984 proposal and waituntil a more comprehensive proposal could be**developed~** 

### Mostnotably. on October2- 3. 

### 1985. DOE and NIST hosted a forum
on testing andrating procedures for

consumer products which was attended by manufacturers. utilities. States. and public interest groups. At the forum.

! 

### there was unanimous agreement that DOE should withdraw the 1984 proposal and initiate the development ofa single test procedure method which would be applicable to all types ofresidential type waterheaters. including the instantaneous type ofwaterheaters.

By notice published March 13. 1987 (1987 proposal) DOE proposed 

### a single

. test procedure for all types ofwater

heaters. including instantaneous type waterheaters. 52 FR 7972. The 1987 proposal also addressed the matter of four test procedure waivers where four manufacturers ofwaterheatershad received allowance to test certain water heaters under modified test procedures. Since publication ofthe 1987 proposal. a fifth manufacturer has received a test procedure waiver. The 1987 proposal wLuld extend these modifications to all manufacturers ofsimilar designs and thereby would terminate the five individual waivers. The five waivers

are: A.D. Smith Corporation for its gas waterheaters equipped with thermal compensating dip tube. 47 FR 53942 (November 30. 1982). and four manufacturers ofwaterheaters with large thermal mass designs: Bock Water HE'aters Inc

.. 50 FR 47106 (November 14. 1985). modified 51 FR 21975 (June 17. 1986). Ford Products Inc

.. 50 FR 

### 50678 (December 11. 

### 1985). modified 51 FR 

### 18659 (May 21. 1986). Lochinvar Water Heaters. Inc

.. 51 FR 22966 

### (June 24. 1988). and Aero Environmental Limited. 53 FR 9687**(M~trch** 

### 24. 1988).

The major issues covered in the 1987 proposal included:

(1) Extending the test procedure to
cover heat pump waterheaters and instantaneous typewaterheaters:

5-051999 0003(OO)(16-OCT-90-14:02:51) 

### (2) Revising the method oftest for all waterheaters from a no draw test to a 24-hour simulateduse test which includes a six-hour draw test: and

(3) Revising the first hourrating test from a calculated estimate to a direct
measure for determining a water heater's ability to supply hotwater.

By notice published onJanuary 17. 1989 (1989 proposal) the Department proposed to amend the energy conservation standards oftitle 10. part 430. ofthe Code ofFederalRegulations for waterheaters to reflect the changes in measured efficiency which would be causedby a newlyrevised test procedure. 54 

### FR 1890. The 1989 proposal discussed all the comments made on .the revision ofthe test procedure proposed in the 1987 proposal and included the newly revised test procedure which incorporated those comments and which was used to determine the 1989 proposed conservation standard. Furthermore. the 1989 proposal stated that the newly revised test procedure was not included for comment exceptinregard to the manufacturers' ability to replicate the DOE methodology in complying with the' proposed efficiency standards. and indicated that the newly revised test 'procedure**cont~ined** 

### in the 1989 proposal would be made final when the revised standardlevels for water heaters were made final. Today'snotice finalizes the test procedure included in the 1989 proposal as modified by DOE in consideration ofthose comments dealing with the manufacturers' ability to replicate the DOE methodology in complying with the proposed standards. Today's notice also corrects various typographical errors contained in the 1989 proposal. several ofwhich were initially identified in a correction notice published by DOE in the February 9. 1989. Federal Register. 54 

### FR 6364.

Today's rule amends appendix E of subpart Bof 10CFR part430. This new test procedure is effective 180days after publication oftoday's final rule. Section 323(c)(2) ofthe Act specifies that effective 180 days afteran amended or new test procedure applicable to a coveredproduct is prescribed. no manufacturermay make a representation with respect to energy use or efficiency ofsuch product orthe cost ofenergy consumed by such product. unless the product is tested in accordance with such amended or new test procedure. Section 323(c)(3) ofthe Act allows for an extension ofan additional 180 days ofthe aforesaid effective date ifthe Secretary determines upon petition that the requirements ofsection 323(2) would impose an undue burden. The extant

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### C. Energy Conservation Standards

NAECA added a definition for water heaters. as follows:

.

The term "waterheaters" means a product which utilizes ,oil. gas. or electricity to heat potable waterfor use outside the heater upon demand. including-

(A) storage type units which heat and store water at a thermostatically controlled temperature. includinggas storage water heaters with an input of 75.000 Btu ;ler hour

orless. oil storage waterheaters with an input of 105.000 Btu per hour or less. and electric storage waterheaters with an input of 12 kilowatts or less:

. (B) instantaneous type units which heat waterbut contain no more than onegallon of waterper4.000 Btu perhour ofinput. including gas instantaneous waterheaters with an input of200.000 Btu perhour or less. oil instantaneous waterheaters with an input of210.000 Btu perhour orless. and electric instantaneous water heaters with an input of 12 kilowatts or less: and

(C) heat pump type units. with 

### Iimaximum current rating of24 amperes at a voltage no greater than 250 volts. which are products designed to transfer thermal energy from one temperature level to a higher temperature level for the purpose ofheating water. including all ancillary equipment such as fans. storage tanks. pumps. or controls necessary for the device to perform its function.



### NAECA also prescribes energy conservationstandards for 11 

### types of appliances including the following standards for gas. oil-fired. and electric waterheaters.

Product class Energy factor

1. Gas water heater

...........i.62-(.OO19xAated

, : storage yolume in .' I gallon<-'. 2. Oil water heater

............. 1· .S9-(.o..t19xAated storage YOluine ,n gallons). 3. Electric water heater

.....

### ! .9S-(.OOI32xRated 

# " I storage volume in

: gallons).



### These standards are effective for products manufacturep on or after January 1. 1990.

Section 323(e)ofthe Act requires DOE

.to determine to what extent. ifany. a proposed test procedure would alter the

### 42164 Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 199C / Rules and Regulations

measured efficiency or measured energy manufacturer. (Miyazaki, No. 74 at 2). 2 

### traps and/or piping insulation by the use of any covered product as Miyazaki maintains that this manufacturer, DOE believes it is determined under the existing test specification will result in different first reasonable to assume that these items procedure. Today's final rule satisfies hour ratings for three identical storage- will be used. Therefore, DOE finds that this requirement with respect to the 1989 type water heaters in which only the the test procedure not be changed to proposal. Furthermore, section 323(e) specified supply voltage varies. address the issue raised. requires DOE to test a representative Miyazaki believes that it is absolutely D sample ofcovered products that necessary to test all electric wateron ofIstantaneous Water minimally complies with the existing heaters at the same voltage. Heaters standard using the proposed test Miyazaki is correct in stating that GAMA suggests that-the definition of procedures today's final rule is based different first hour ratings will result if instantaneous water heaters be revised
on testing a sample ofunits in identical storage type-water heaters are to include a criterion which limits the accordance with the 1989 proposal tested with supply voltages which vary outlet temperature to 180 °F orless. acwhich has bee with threvised as discussedal in magnitude. However, the Department (GAMA, No. 78. at 2; 

### and No. 87, at 3). which has been revised as discussed, believes it is important that water GAA contends that this criterion is a infra.Based on the testing DOE hs heaters should be tested at the common poin t of differentiation determined that the standard for electric manufacturers' specified voltage rating. between commercial and residential water heaters shall be changed to: .93 Forthe vast majority ofstorage-type water heaters. GAMA further states that -(.00132 XRated storage volume in water heaters, a fixed voltage is given the 180 F criterion is already included gallons). The standards for gas and oil on therating plate rather thn a inthe definitions for gas, electric, and water heaters shall remain unchanged. specified range. Heat pump water heater oil storage-type water heaters in the test

Section 323(e) of theAct also provides manufacturers typically-specify a procedures. In particular GAMA that models ofcovered products in use voltage range. These various voltage suggests the following before the date on which the amended ratings are not all the same. It does not energy conservation standard becomes seem appropriate to require a Gas fueled instantaneous water heater effective (orrevisions of such models commercial test laboratory to select, for means a water heater which utilizes gas as that come into use after such date and example, a 240 volt supply voltage when the energy source controlled manually or automatically by a water flow activated have the same energy efficiency or the rating plate specifies a range of210 control or acombination of water flow and energy use characteristics) that comply to 230 volts. Thus DOE concludes that thermostatic control, which is designed to with the ener y conervation standard the test procedure should not be altered deliver water at a controlled temperature of applicable to such covered products on as suggested by Miyazaki. less than 180 'F.and which has an input applicable to such covered products on greater than 50.000 Btu 

### per hourand less than the day before such date shall be Heat Traps t h a

### n 50000 t u

pe r hour and less than deemed to comply with the amended 200,000 8tu per hour. and a manufacturer's 

### deemed to comply with the amended Public Utility District Number 1 specified storage capacity ofless than 2 energy conservation standard. (PUD1) ofSnohomish County, gallons.

Today's rule.by establishing test Washington State, comments that it D ar i iii procedures for heat pump water heaters currently operates a rebate programDOE arees wth the above definition and gas fueled instantaneous water which offers residential customers a $50 f a gas fueled instantaneous water heaters, also extends the coverage of the rebate if they replace their existing he test procedure standards to these products. Heat pump electric water heater with an energywater heaters must meet the energy efficient one. (PUD1. No. 87, at 1). Copper Tubing standards for electric water heaters and Qualification for the rebate program is GAA states that the reference to gas fueled instantaneous water heaters based upon the energy factors published GA s 

### tat eeeee t must meet the energy standards for gas within The Gas Appliance copper tubing in section 4.3 of the test water heaters. In the case of as fueled Manufacturers Association (GAMA) procedure should be clarified to specify instantaneous water heaters, the rated "Consumers' Directory of Certified the type used for water lines, i.e.. Type storage volume may be zero. Efficiency Ratings." The issue in L hard copper tubng as opposed to question relates to the testing ofthe unit copper tubing used for refrigerant lines. 1.Discussion with heat traps if they are supplied with (GAMA, No. 78. at 2). the water heater but are not made an DOE concurs with GAMA on this A. Testprocedures integral part of the unit. PUD states issue and has changed the statement

DOE is setting forth herein the final that since there is no guarantee that the from "Copper tubing, the same size as amended test procedures which heat traps will actually be installed, the the connections on the water heater incorporate changes made to the 1989 energy factor and Energy Guide label shall be connected to the tank and proposal. Several comments were should not reflect the addition of any extend 24 inches in length" to "Type 'L' received in regard to correcting accessories, i.e., heat traps. hard copper tubing, the same size as the typographical errors and relating to a Section 4.3 of the proposed test connectios on the water heater, shall manufacturer's ability to replicate the procedure states "if heat traps and/or be connected to the tank and extend 24 DOE methodology in complying with the piping insulation are supplied with the inches in length."

new efficiency standa. !s. water heater. then they shall be Location ofStorage Tank Temperature installed for testing." The Department Measurement Probes Specification ofElectrical Supply agrees that there is no way to guarantee Voltage

- that these items will be installed when GAMA recommends that in addition the water heater is placed into service. to utilizing the anodic device opening or Shu Miyazaki (Myazaki) states the However, ifa unit is supplied with heat the re':efvalve opening to insert the current test procedure specifies that the temperature measurement probes within electrical supply voltage be maintained 2Comments on the 1984. 1987. and 1989proposed a storage-type water heater, the use of 

### to within +

### /- 1percent ofthe center of rules were assigned docket numbers and are 

### the hot water outlet opening should also the voltage range specified by the numbered consecutively. be permitted. (GAMA. No. 78. at 2 and

S-051999 000400)( 16-OCT-90- 4:02:54)
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### 42164 Federal Register / Vol. 55. No. 201 

### /Wednesday, October 17. 1900 / 

### Rules and Regulations

measured efficiency or measured energy
use ofany coveredproduct as determined under the existing test procedure. Today's final rule satisfies this requirement with respect to the 1989 proposal. Furthermore. section 323(e) requires DOE to test a representative sample ofcoveredproducts that minimally complies with the existing standard using the proposed test procedures: today's final rule is based'

on testing a sample ofunits in accordance with the 1989 proposal which has been revised as discussed. 

### infra. Based on the testing. DOE**h~s** 

### determined that the standard for electric waterheaters shall be changed to: .93 -(.00132X

### Rated storage volume in gallons). The standards for gas and oil waterheaters shall remain unchanged.

Section 323(e) ofthe Act also provides that models ofcoveredproducts in use before the date on which the amended energy conservation standard becomes effective (or revisions of such models that come into use after such date and have the same energy efficiency or energy use characteristics) thatcomply with the energy conservation standard applicable to such covered products on the day before such date shall be deemed to comply with the amended energy conservation standard.

Today's rule. by establishing test procedures for heat pump waterheaters and gas fueled instantaneous water heaters. also extends the coverage ofthe standards to these products. Heat pump waterheaters must meet the energy standards for electric waterheaters and gas fueled instantaneous waterheaters must meet the energy standards for gas waterheaters. In the case ofgas fueled instantaneous waterheaters. the rated 'storage volume may be zero. II. Discussion


### A. Testprocedures
DOE is setting forth herein the final amended test procedures which incorporate changes made to the 1989 proposal. Several comments were received in regard to correcting typographical errors andrelating to a manufacturer's ability to replicate the DOE methodology in complying with the

new efficiency standa.,!s. Specification ofElectrical Supply Voltage

ShuMiyazaki (Miyazaki) states the current test procedure specifies that the electrical supply voltage be maintained to within 

## +/- 1 

### percent ofthe center of the voltage range specified by the**S-O~I999** 0004(00)( 16-OCT**-90-14:02:~4)** 

### manufacturer. (Miyazaki. No. 74 at 2).2 Miyazaki maintains that this specification will result in different first hourratings for three identical storagetype waterheaters in which only the specified supply voltage varies. Miyazaki believes that it is absolutely necessary to test all electric water heaters at the same voltage.

.

Miyazaki is correct in stating that different first hourratings will result if identical storage type-waterheaters are tested with supply voltages which vary in magnitude. However. the Department believes it is important that water heaters shouldbe tested at the manufacturers' speCified voltage rating. For the vast majority ofstorage':type waterheaters. a fixed voltage is given

on the rating platerather than a specified range. Heat pump waterheater manufacturers typically,specify a voltage range. These various voltage ratings are not all the same. It 

### does not
seem appropriate to require a commercial test laboratoryto select. for example. a 240 volt supply voltage when the rating plate specifies a range of210 to 230 volts. Thus DOE concludes that the test procedure should not be altered
as suggested byMiyazaki.

. HeatTraps

Public Utility District Number 1 (PUDl) 

### ofSnohomish County. Washington State. comments that it currently operates a rebate program which offers residential customers a $50 rebate ifthey replace their existing electric waterheaterwith an energyefficient one. (PUDI. 

### No. 87. at 1). Qualification for the rebate program is based upon the energy factors published withinThe Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA) "Consumers' Directory ofCertified Efficiency Ratings." The issue in question relates to the testing ofthe unit with heat traps ifthey are supplied with the water heaterbut are not made an integral part ofthe unit. PUDI 

### states that since there is no guarantee that the heat traps will actually be installed. the energy factor and Energy Guide label should not reflect the addition ofany accessories. i.e.• heat traps.

Section4.3 ofthe proposed test procedure states "ifheat traps and/or piping insulation are supplied with the waterheater. then they shall be installed for testing." The Department

.agrees that there is no way to guarantee

- that these items will be installed when

the waterheateris placed into service. However. ifa unit is supplied with heat

• Comment. on the 1984. 1987. and 1989 proposed rules were assilllled docket numbers and are numbered consecutively.



### F4701.FMT

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...7-G8-88 traps and/orpiping insulation bythe manufacturer. DOE believes it is reasonable to assume that these items will be used. Therefore. DOE finds that the test procedure not be changed to address the issue raised.
Definition ofInstantaneous Water Heaters

GAMA suggests that the definition of instantaneous waterheaters berevised to include a criterion which limits the outlet temperature to 180 OF or less. (GAMA. No. 78. at 2: and No. 87. at 3). GAMA contends that this criterion is a common point ofdifferentiation betweencom..nercial andresidential waterheaters. GAMA further states that the 180 OF criterion is already included in the definitions for gas. electric. and oil storage-type waterheaters in the test procedures. In particular GAMA suggeststhe follOWing:

Gas fueled instantaneous waterheater
means a waterheater which utilizes gas as the energy source controlled manually or automatically by a water flow activated control or a combination ofwaterflow and thermostatic control. which is designed to deliver water at a controlled temperatUre of less than 180

### OF. and which has an input greater than 50.000 Btu perhour and less than 200.000 Btu per hour. and amanufacturer's specified storage capacity ofless than 2, gallons.



### DOE agrees with the above definition ofa gas fueled instantaneous water heater and has incorporated itwithin the test procedure. CopperTubing

GAMA states that the reference to copper tubing in section 4.3 

### ofthe test procedure should be clarified to specify the type used for water lines. i.e

.. Type "L" hard copper tubing. as opposed to copper tubing used for refrigerant lines. (GAMA. No. 78. at 2).

DOE concurs with GAMA on this issue and has changed the statement from "Copper tubing. the same size as the connections on the waterheater shall be connected to the tank and extend 24 inches in length" to "Type 'L' hard copper tubing. the same size as the connectior.1I on the waterheater. shall be connected to the tank and extend 24 inches inlength." Location ofStorage Tank Temperaturt:: Measurement Probes

GAMArecommends that in addition to utilizing the anodic device opening or the re"efvalve opening to insert the temperature measurement probes within
a storage-type waterheater.the use of the hot water outlet opening should also be permitted. (GAMA. No. 78. at 2 and "

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations 42165

3). Specifically, GAMA recommends is inappropriate. (GAMA, No. 87, at 2). supply to the water heater during the that section 4.5 of the proposed test GAMA states that for this type ofwater first-hour rating procedure. Imposing a procedure be modified as follows: heater the pipes are run horizontally out one hour power or fuel interruption is an

The temperature sensors shallbe installed from the tank and subsequently extremely unlikely mode of operation either through (1)the anodic device opening; downward. GAMA suggests that the for residential water heaters. Secondly, (2)the reliefvalve opening; or(3)the hot following statement be added to section the current procedure requires a water outlet. Ifinstalled through therelief 4.3 ofthe revised test procedure: computation which is an attempt to valve opening or the hot water outlet, a tee determine how much additional usable fitting or outlet piping, as applicable, is Awater heater 3inches high orless installed as close as possible to its original (commonly referred to as an under counter or hot water would be generated if 100 location. Ifthe hotwater outlet includes a table top model) intended for installation percent ofthe thermal input to the tank, heat trap, the heat trap shallbe installed on eitherbeneath, adjacent to or in conjunction less standby losses, heats the water topof the tee fitting.Added fittings shall be with a counter shallhave the inlet and outlet contained within the storage tank to a coveredwith thermal insulation having an R connections configured asillustrated in usable temperature. This can result in value of4hr ft 'F/Btu. Figure 4.Ifthe water heater isnot factory significant error due to the fact that only

DOE agrees with the recommendation equipped with pipe to extend the field Ds w ie

the st preocedautrieon connection point ofthe water lines to outside a portion ofthe thermal input to the tank and in section 4.5 of oe testprocedure Ofthe jacket or cabinet. copper tubing shall would produce usable water. The ability has adopted GAMA's recommended be used to extend the water line horizontally to convert thermal input to usable hot language to permit the installation of the to the exterior ofthe jacket or cabinet. water is a function of the water heater temperature measurement probes DOE concurs with the above design. Several water heater through the hot water outlet. statement. The test procedure has been manufacturers are currently designing andmanufacturinters heaeturers wiesnc Prescribed Value of Density ofWater changed to incorporate the information and manufacturing water heaters which *into

s ctio n 4.3. maximize the conversion of thermal GAMA notes that the value of the into section 4.3.input into usable hot water. The existing input into hot The existing density ofwater, 8.214 Ibm/gal for 58 °F, First-Hour Rating test procedure does not give credit to the is incorrect in section 5.1.1. (GAMA, No. GAMA states that the purpose ofthe manufacturers of these innovative Section 5.1.1 has been changed to first-hour rating is to provide a means of products.

remove the incorrect number and to grouping models ofsimilar capability for GAMA's contention that the proposed require the use ofthe density of water at the "Ranges ofComparability" test procedure provides a value the appropriate temperature which will established by the Federal Trade practically the same as the first-hour vary due to allowable tolerances during Commission (FTC) labelling rules. rating using the existing test procedure each test. (GAMA, No. 88, at 2 and 3). GAMA is incorrect. For water heaters which states that in general the revised first- employ two heating elements, the results Prescribed Value of Specific Heat hour rating will have a uniform effect on of tests conducted by NIST show that

GAMA requests that values for all water heaters. GAMA contends that the first-hour rating using the proposed specific heat be prescribed throughout the models in the 56 to 64 gallon FTC test procedure yields approximately 95 the test procedure. (GAMA, No. 78, at 3). range ofcomparability may move to the percent of that obtained using the

The values for specific heat cannot be 65 to 74 gallon range as a result of the existing test procedure. For two of the prescribed in advance since they are proposed first-hour rating procedure. three water heaters tested at NIST dependent on the inlet and outlet water GAMA states that the same models will which employed a single heating temperatures which will vary due to still be grouped together as comparable element, the first-hour rating results allowable tolerances during each test. models. It further contends that there is were significantly less, up to 30 percent, Accordingly, this suggestion is rejected. no benefit to revising the first-hour when the proposed test procedure was rating test, and that the new test will used as compared to the existing test First Hour Rating Test create an unwarranted need for procedure.

GAMA does not understand why a retesting. The first hour rating within the draw is in.tiated to activate the heating According to GAMA. test data existing test procedure combines a element(s) or burner unit prior to the collected by Electrical Testing measured quantity, the number of first hour rating test if the mean tank Laboratories (ETL) indicates that the gallons removed during a single draw, temperature is within the specified hour-long first-hour rating test provides with a computed quantity, the ability of temperature range. (GAMA, No. 78, at a value practically the same as the first- the water heater to produce hot water 3). hour rating determined using the current within a given time interval. The

The purpose ofthe draw noted by test procedure. GAMA believes thatthe computed quantity significantly overGAMA was to eliminate the possibility revised first-hour rating test will have a predicts the capability ofsome water that the beginning of the firsthour rating minimal effect on the measured first- heaters, in particular, electric water test would coincide with the heating hour rating and the current procedure is heaters with a single element, to element o- burner unit being activated as appropriate as the proposed first-hour produce water above a prescribed to recover the tank from standby losses. rating test. temperature level. There are two DOE believed that this could cause GAMA believes thatDOE should reasons for this over-prediction. First, repeatability problems. However, ret-in the current first-hour rating test the computation procedure assumes that through continuing testing at NIST, DOE anc. add an optional calculation method the energy supplied during the interval has discovered that this would not be a to take into account that the proposed between the time at which the problem and the requirement ofthe test procedure conditions (mean tank thermostat(s) acts to energize a heating draw has been eliminated. temperature, flow rate, inlet water element and the end of the hour is Tet S p fr T e Tp W r H s temperature and ambient temperature) supplied only to the portion ofwater Test Setup for Table Top Water Heaters iffer from those in the existing test within the tank, which would oe GAMA states that the attachment of procedure. removed during a subsequent draw. This two feet of copper tubing rising DOE notes that the existing procedure is a reasonably good assumption for vertically from table top water heaters interrupts the electrical power or fuel electric water heaters which employ

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### F4701.FMT...[16.30]...7-08-88 .' 

### Federal Register / 

### Vol. 55, 

### No. 201 / 

### Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / 

### Rules and Regulations 42165

3). Specifically. GAMA recommends that section 4.5 ofthe proposed test procedure be modified asfollows:

The temperature sensors shall be installed either throush (1) the anodic device openins: (2) the reliefvalve openins: or (3) the hot water outlet. Ifinstalled throuSh the relief valve openins or the hot wateroutlet. a tee fittins or outlet pipinS. as applicable. is**i~stalled** as close 

### as possible to its original location. Ifthe hot wateroutlet includes a heat trap, the heat trap shall be installed on top ofthe tee fittinS. Added fittinss shall be covered with thermal in<.ulation havins an

### R value of4 hr ft of!Btu.



### DOE agrees with the recommendation and in section4.5 of

....Ie testprocedure has adopted GAMA's recommended language to permit the installation ofthe temperature measurement probes through the hot water outlet. Prescribed Value ofDensity ofWater

GAMA notes that the value ofthe density ofwater. 8.214 Ibm/gal for 58 of, 

### is incorrect in section 5.1.1. (GAMA, No. 78. at 

### 3).

Section 5.1.1 has been changed to
remove the incorrect number and to require the use ofthe density ofwater at the appropriate temperature which will vary due to allowable tolerances during each test. Prescribed Value ofSpecific Heat

GAMA requests that values for specific heat be preScribed throughout the test procedur.e. (GAMA. No. 78, at 3).

The values for specific heat cannot be pr!scribed in advance since they are dependent on the inlet and outlet water temperatures which will vary due to allowable tolerances during each test. Accordingly, this suggestion is rejected. First Hol,ll" Rating Test

GAMA does not understand why a draw is in.liated to activate the heating element(s) orburner unit prior to the first hourrating test ifthemean tank temperature is within the specified temperature range. (GAMA. No. 78. at 3).

### The purpose ofthe draw noted by GAMA was to eliminate the possibility that the beginning ofthe first hour rating test would coincide with tIte heating element 0"

### burner unit being activated to recover the tank from standby losses. DOE believed tItat this could cause repeatability problems. However. through continuing testing at NIST. DOE has discovered that this would not be a problem and the requirement ofthe draw hE:.! been eliminated. Test Setup for TableTop WaterHeaters

GAMA states tItat the attachment of two feet ofcopper tubing rising vertically from table top waterheaters**S~51999** 0005(00)(

### I(H)CT -90-14:02:58) 

### is inappropriate. (GAMA. No. 87. at 2). GAMA states that for this type ofwater heater tIte pipes are run 

### horizontally out from the tank and subsequently downward. GAMA suggests that tIte follOWing statementbe added to section 4.3 ofthe revised test procedure:

A waterheater 36 inches hiilh orless (commonly referred to as an undercounter or table top model) intended for installation either beneath. adjacent to or in conjunction with a counter shall have the inlet and outlet connections configured 

### as illustratedin FiSure 4.·Ifthe waterheateris not factory equipped with pipe to extend the field connection point ofthe waterlines to outside ofthe jacket orcabinet. coppertubinS shall be used to extend the waterline horizontally to the exterior ofthe jacket orcabinet.



### DOE concurs with the above statement. The test procedure has been changed to incorporate the infonnation into section 4.3. First-Hour Rating

GAMA states that the purpose ofthe first-hour rating is to provide a means of grouping models ofsimilarcapability for the "Ranges ofComparability" established by the Federal Trade Commission (ITC) labelling rules. (GAMA. No. 88. at2 and 3). GAMA states that in general tIte revised firsthour rating will have a unifonn effect on all waterheaters. GAMAcontends that the models in the 56 to 64 gallon ITC range ofcomparability may move to the 65 to 74 gallon range as a result ofthe proposed first-hour rating procedure. GAMA states that the same models will still be grouped together as comparable models. It

### furtIter contends that there is
no benefit to revising the first-hour rating test. and that the new test will create an unwarranted need for retesting.

According to GAMA. test data collected by Electrical Testing Laboratories (ETL) indicates that the hour-long first-hour rating test provides
a value practically the same as the firsthour rating detennined using the current test procedure. GAMA believes tItat the revised first-hour rating test will have a minimal effect on tIte measured firsthourrating and the current procedure is
as appropriate as the proposed first-hour rating test.

GAMA believes that DOE should ret,,:in the current first-hour rating test ant. add an optional calculation method to take into account that the proposed test procedure conditions (mean tank temperature. flow rate. inlet water temperature and ambient temperature) differ from those in the existing test procedure.

DOE notes that the existing procedure interrupts the electrical power or fuel

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### supply to tIte waterheater during the first-hour rating procedure; Imposing a one hour power orfuel interruption is an extremely unlikely mode ofoperation for residential waterheaters. Secondly. the current procedure requires a computation which is an attempt to detennine how much additional usable hot waterwould be generated if

### 100 percent ofthe thennal input to the tank. less standby losses. heats the watf:r contained within the storage tank to a usable temperature. This canresult in significant error due to the fact that only
a portion ofthe thennal input to the tank would produce usable water. The ability to convert thennal input to usable hot wateris a function oftIte waterileater design. Several waterheater

, manufacturers are currently designing

and manufacturing waterheaters which maximize the conversion ofthermal input into usable hot water. The existing test procedure does not give credit to tile manufacturers ofthese innovative products.

GAMA's contention that the proposed test procedure provides a value practically the same as the first-hour rating using the existing test procedure is incorrect. For waterheaters which employ two heating elements. the results oftests conducted by NIST show that the first-hour rating using the proposed test procedure yields approximately 95 percent ofthat obtainedusing the existing test procedure. For two ofthe three waterheaters tested atNIST which employed a single heating element. the first-hour rating results
were significantly less. up to 30 percent, when the proposed test procedure was used as compared to the existing test procedure.

.

The first hour rating within the existing test procedure combines a measured quantity. the number of gallons removed during a single draw. with a computed quantity. the ability of the waterheater to produce hot water witItin a given time interval. The computed quantity significantly overpredicts the capability ofsome water heaters. in particular. electric water heaters with a single element. to produce water above a prescribed temperature level. There are two
reasons for this over-prediction. First. the computation procedure assumes that the energy supplied during the interval between**t~je** 

### time at which the thennostat(s) acts to energize a heating element and the end ofthe hour is supplied only to the portion ofwater within the tank. which would ole removed during a subsequentdraw. This is a reasonably good assumption for electric waterheaters which employ I \

### 42166 Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations

dual elements, since the upper element GAMA is incorrect in stating that the using today's test procedure. The water is used to first heat the water in the reason the revised test procedure gives heater was tested using several different upper portion of the water heater. a different measure ofstandby loss, in "off-peak" schedules as well as a test in However, for tanks which employ a comparison to the existing test the normal fully-on mode. The result of single element, the water heater may not procedure, is due to the decreased test these tests was that the energy factor be able to elevate the temperature duration. A different standby loss essentially stayed constant regardless of above the required minimum outlet measurement is obtained because the whether the tank was tested "off-peak" temperature. Additionally, the inlet and outlet piping arrangement has or not. NIST thus concluded that there is calculation procedure does not take into been changed. In the proposed test no need for a test procedure which account the mixing which occurs procedure, two feet of vertical differs from today's test procedure to between the cold entering water and the uninsulated copper piping are connected determine the energy factor ofoff-peak water within the storage tank during the to both the inlet and outlet ports ofthe water heaters. removal ofhot water. water heater. The existing test DOE recognizes that where off-peak

The first hour rating is gaining procedure utilizes insulated galvanized electric rates are offered by utilities, recognition as a sizing criterion for piping configured in such a manner as to customers may obtain economic benefits selocng water heaters. Because ofthis, form an external heat trap. In fact, byusing "off-peak" water heaters. the Department believes that it is GAMA clearly points out this difference However, based on the efficiency tests beneficial to improve the accuracy of and its impact on standby losses in its conducted by NIST, DOE has the test,as discussed above, especially comments addressing the proposed determined that today's test procedure the relative rankings to recognize water amended energy conservation standards is adequate to measure the energy factor heater designs which improve the first for electric water heaters. Accordingly, of"off-peak" water heaters hour rating. This would allow the GAMA's recommendation is not selection of a "smaller" water heater adopted. B. Standards which could meet the consumers needs whiand save enery by haing smersne Section 6.1.4 DOE is herein amending the energy and save energy by having smaller efficiency standards for water heaters to standby losses.Therefore, DOE is GAMA states that it would simplify refflet he canerds forwnsitated br the retaining the proposed first hour rating matters ifan equation within section reflsedthe ch es ee ae with one minor adjustment. 6.1.4 were formulated in such a manner evised test procedures. Several

Through continuing testing at NIST, so that a number which is usually comments were received regarding the DOE discovered that under certain negative would notbe subtracted from proposed revision to the standards and conditions the proposed first hour rating another number. (GAMA, No. 87, at 4). they are iscussed below: test could be non-repeatable because of GAMA is correct in noting that the Rated Volume thermostat variability. To preclude any form ofthe equation will usually result unacceptable repeatability problems, in a negative number being subtracted TheCalforna Energy Commssion DOE is today publishing a slightly from another number. However, DOE (CEC] states that it presumes the revised first hour rating test procedure believes that the form of the equation is allowable energy factor is computed by from that previously proposed. As more conceptually correct than that ubtracting from a constant the product published, if a draw is underway at the proposed by GAMA in that a higher f a econd constant times the measured end of the hour,that draw is completed. ending tank temperature represents a voume. (CECNo. 82 at 1and 2). However, ifa draw is not underway, positive energy input which is then However, within the proposed rule, the instead of drawing the tank down to subtracted. Additionally, DOE does not term "rated storage volume" is used in T,,i, at that time, the test is continued believe that the current equation is the computation of the Federal energy until the tank recovers and then a final difficult to use and does not agree with conservation standards for water draw is performed. Inboth cases the changing the equations within section heaters. CECfurtherstatesthat since water drawn over the total duration of 6.1.4. the meaning of the term "rated volume the test is prorated to one hour. Of-Pa WaerHas commonly used in theindustry is the test i rOff-Peak Water Heaters quite different from DOE's intent in the Computation ofStandby Losses The number of comments received by proposed rule, the word "rated" should

GAMA comments that the revised test DOE concerning "off-peak" water be dropped from the rule. It also notes procedure gives a significantly different heaters exceeded that on any other that footnote number one in the

measure of standby loss because ofthe subject. American Electric Power, proposed standard referring to the shortened standby period. (GAMA, No. Appalachian Power Company, definition of "rated storage volume" is 87. at 3 and 4). GAMA states that Columbus Southern Power, Indiana referenced only to gas water heaters. although the standby loss measurement Michigan Power Company. Kentucky not to oil or electric water heaters. in the revised test procedure is adequate Power Company, Ohio Power Company, In a related matter, GAMA suggests for the way in which it is utilized, it and Wheeling Power Company comment that DOE adopt the following language should not be used for other purposes they are pleased that DOE intends to as the definition foi "rated storage outside the framework ofthe test explore various concepts for testing volume": "The water storage capacity of procedure, since it is an abbreviated. these units. These utilities state that a water heater as specified by the less precise method in relation :o the 48- "off-peak" water heating is an important manufacturer." This definition would be hour standby loss test method within the element in both their Energy substituted for the reference to the tank current test procedure. GAMA contends Management and Load Management capacity measurements set forth in the that the inclusion ofa specific Programs. They also state that the current DOE water heater efficiency test calculation for standby loss in the current test procedure does not procedures. (GAMA. No. 78. at 1). revised test procedure is an implicit accurately show the energy At the time ~fthe proposed rule, there invitation to use this standby loss value conservation benefits provided by "off- was not a definition of"rated storage for other purposes for which it is not peak" water heaters. volume." It was DOE's intention to suited. GAMA concludes that this term DOE contracted with NIST to test an define "rated storage volume" as the should be deleted. electric "off-peak" type water heater measured volume for use in the


### S-51999 0006(OOX16-OCT-90-14403.01) F4701.FMT...[16,301...7-08-88 

### 42168 Federal**Registe~** 

### / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations

dual elements; since the upperelement is used to first heatthe waterin the upperportion ofthe waterheater. However. for tanks which employ a single element. the waterheatermay not be,able to elevate the temperature above the required minimum outlet temperature. Additionally, the**calculatio~** 

### procedure doesnot take into account the mixing which occurs ' betweenthe cold entering water and the waterwithin the storage tank during the remo,':ll ofhot water.

The first hour rating is gaining recognition as a sizing criterion for selp,L..ng waterheaters. Because ofthis. the Department believes that it is beneficial to improve the accuracyof the test. as discussed above. especially the relative rankings to recognize water heaterdesigns which improve the first hourrating. This would allowthe selection ofa "smaller" waterheater which could meet the consumers needs and save energy by having smaller standby losses. Therefore. DOE is retaining the proposed first hourrating with oneminor adjustment.

Through continuing,testing atNIST. DOE discovered that undercertain conditions the proposed first hour rating test could be non-repeatable because of thermostatvariability. To preclude any unacceptable repeatabilityproblems. DOE is todaypublishing a slightly

, revised first hour rating testprocedure

from 

### that previously proposed. As published. ifa draw is underway atthe end ofthe hour. that draw is completed. However. ifa draw is not underway. instead ofdrawing the tank down to T**~** 

### atthat time. the test is continued until the tank recovers and then it 

### final draw is performed. In both,cases the waterdrawn over the total duration of the testis prorated to one hour. Computation ofStandbyLosses

GAMA comments that the revised test procedure gives a significantly different
measure ofstandbyloss because ofthe shortened standby period. (GAMA. No. 87. 

### at 3 

### and 4). 

### GAMA states that although the standby loss measurement in the revise'd test procedure is adequate for the wayin which it is utilized; it should not be used for otherpurposes outside the framework ofthe test procedure. since it is an abbreviated. lessprecise method in relation**:~ t~e**  48- 

### hour standby loss test method within the current test procedure. GAMA contends that the inclusion ofa specific calculation for standby loss in the revised test procedure is an implicit invitation to use this standby loss value for other purposes for which it is not suited. GAMA concludes that this term should be deleted.

S-051999 0006(00)(16-OCT -90-14:03:01) 

### GAMA is incorrect in stating that'the'
reason the revised test procedure gives
a different measure ofstandby 

### 108s.,in comparison to the existing test procedure. is due,to the decreased fest duration. A different standbyloss measurement is obtained because thl! inlet and outlet piping arrangementhas been changed. In

### the proposed test procedure. two feet ofvertical uninsulated copperpiping are connected to both the inlet and outletports ofthe waterheater. The existing test procedure utilizes insulated galvanized piping configured in such a manneras to form anexternal heat trap. In

### fact. GAMA clearlypoults out this difference and its impact on standbylosses in its comments addreSSing the proposed amended energy conservation standards for electric waterheaters. Accordingly. GAMA's recommendation is not ' 'adopted.

. Section 6.1.4 

### GAMA states that it would simplify matters ifanequation within section,
, 6.1.4 

### were formulated in such a manner so that a number which is usually negative would not be subtracted from anothernumber. (GAMA. No. 87. 

### at4).



### GAMA is correct in noting that the form ofthe equation will usually result in a negative numberbeing subtracted from anothernumber. However. DOE believes thattheform ofthe equation is
more conceptually correct than that proposed by GAMA in that a higher ending tank temperature represents a positive energy input which is then subtracted. Additionally. DOE does not

, believe that the current equation is

difficult to use and does not agree with changing the equations within section 6.1.4. 

### ,Off-Peak Water Heaters, The number ofcomments received by DOE concerning "off-peak" water, heaters exceeded that on any other subject. AmericanElectric Power. Appalachian PowerCompany. Columbus Southern Power. Indiana Michigan PowerCompany. Kentucky Power Company. Ohio Power Company. and Wheeling Power Company comment they are pleased that DOE intends to explore various concepts for testing these units. These utilities state that**"off~peak"** 

### water**heat~ng** 

### is an important element in both theirEnergy Management and Load Management Programs. They also state that the current test procedure does not accurately show the energy , conservation benefits provided by "offpeak" waterheaters.

DOE contracted with NIST to test an electric "off-peak" type waterheater'



### F4701.FMT

...[16.30)

...7-06-88 using today's test procedure. The water heaterwas tested using several different "off-peak" schedules as well as a,test in the normal fully-on mode. The result of these tests was that the energy factor essentially stayed constantregardless of whetherthe t/(lnkwas tested "off-peak"
ornot. NIST thus concluded that there is
no need for a test procedure which differs from today's test procedure to determine the energy factor ofoff-peak waterheaters.

DOE recognizes thatwhere off-peak electric rates are offered by utilities.

, customers may obtain economic benefits 'byusing "off-peak" waterheaters. However. based on thE efficiency tests conducted by NIST. DOE has determined that today's testprocedure is adequate to measure the energy factor of "off-peak" waterheaters.
B. StandaiYis



### DOE is herein amending the energy effiCiency standards for!water heaters to reflect the changes necessitated by the revised test procedures. Several comments were received regarding the proposed revision to the standards and they are discussed below: Rated Volunie

The California Energy Commission (CEC) states that it presumes the allowable energy factor is computed by subtracting from a constant the product ofa second constant times the measured volume. (CEC. No. 82**~t** 1 

### and 2). However, within'the proposed rule. the term "rated storage volume" is used in the computation ofthe Federal energy conservation standards for water heaters. CEC further states that since the meaning ofthe term "rated volume"
as commonly used in the industry is quite different from DOE's intent in the ' proposed rule. the word "rated" should be dropped from the rule. It

### also notes that footnote number one in the proposed standard referring to the definition of "rated storage volume" is referenced only to gas water heaters. not to oil or electric water heaters.

In a related matter. GAMA suggests that DOE adopt the following language
as the definition fa! "rated storage volume": "The water storage capacity of
a water heateras specified by the manufacturer." This definition would be substituted for the reference to the tank capacity measurements set forth in the current DOEwaterheater effiCiency test procedures. (GAMA. No. 78. 

### at 1).



### At the time**~f**

### the proposed rule. there
was not a definition of "rated storage volume." It

### was DOE's intention to define "rated storage volume"as the

,measured volume for use in the

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations 42167

standard. However, upon further Depending upon the results ofthose justify lowering the statutorily- consideration, and for purposes ofthe tests, as well as experience under the established minimum efficiency instant rule, DOE accepts the arguments rule adopted today, DOE may consider standard for electric water heaters. set forth in the comments regarding revising the definition of "rated storage AGA urges DOE to conduct additional industry usage and has defined "rated volume" in connection with the next independent testing ofwater heaters to storage volume" to mean the water water heater standards review. verify the differences in test methods storage capacity ofa water heater, in Inclusion ofHeat Pump Water Heaters before DOE amends the statutory gallons, as specified by the minimum efficiency level. AGA states manufacturer. i.e., the "rated volume". GAMA states thatresidential heat that the number ofunits tested at NIST Additionally, the footnote in the pump water heaters are included as a represents less than 1percent ofthe standard has been modified to indicate covered product in NAECA and that 1.000 basic models ofelectric water that this definition applies to all types of they are subject to minimum efficiency heaters available. AGA further states water heaters. requirements. (GAMA, No. 78, at 1). that testing should be perfc.med on 20-

However, the Department has some DOE agrees and notes that by and 100-gallon models andon models concern about this use of "rated storage establishing test procedures for heat with high efficiency factors. volume" in the standard because the pump water heaters, today's rule In closing. AGA states that it does not measure ofthis quantity seems to be extends standards coverage to these believe DOE has put forward sufficient relatively uncontrolled and by proucts. DOE also notes that since heatjustification to lower the statutory specifying a large "rated volume" a pump water heaters use electric power, minimum standard for electric water manufacturer can lower the standard they are covered under the requirements heaters. AGA asserts that the DOE level that a water heater must meet. In for electric water heaters. DOE willhasta the oral testimony at the January 1989 consider separate standards for heat proposal fas taken the expedient public hearings, DOE staffpointed out pump water heateers on the next review apracho ted minim efiienstatutory that all the water heaters tested by NIST cycle for water heater standards in 1992. rather than requiring electric ater in support of this rule had measured Amended Energy Efficiency Standards heaters to comply with the statute. volumes smaller than the "rated GAMA states that it agrees with theand AGA DOE volume." GAMA staffreplied that this G A M A s tates th a

### t i t 

### agrees w i th 

### the In "esponseto GAMA and AGA, DOE difference. asA dutaff reie tat tis proposal to retain unchanged the notes that NAECA requires that difference was due to manufacturing -conservation standards for gas and oil efficiency standards shall be revised tolerance. While DOE does not have water heaters. (GAMA. No. 88). Testing whenever the test procedures are enough data to be statistically conducted at ETL for GAMA, yielded revised so that units that minimally met significant, it questions whether the results which were consistent with the standards under the old test difference in rated and measured DOE's data and the conclusion reflected procedure will meet the revised volume is due solely to manufacturing in DOE's proposal for gas and oil water standard under the new test procedure; tolerance. If that were the case, one heaters. However, GAMA does not In other words, a unit that met the would expect some measured volumes agree with the proposed amended standards under a test procedure is not to be above the "rated volume" and energy conservation standards for allowed to fail to meet the standard just some to be below. All 13 water heaters electric water heaters. GAMA proposes because the test procedure has changed. tested had measured volumes lower that the minimum efficiency standard DOE agrees that the units tested are not than the "rated volume". Further, oral for residential electric water heaters be representative of the complete universe testimony by GAMA at the January, lowered by 0.04 rather than 0.02. GAMA ofwater heaters. However, under 1989 public hearings indicated that "the states that while the average difference NAECA the models tested need not be vast majority are below the rated ofall the test results from ETL is less representative of the entire product number." However. at the same time, than 0.04. the differences are greater for universe: rather they should be DOE is not aware of any evidence or the small volume models. GAMA further representative ofthose models which data which suggests that abuse or states that since these small volume marginally comply with the standard. consumer detriment has resulted from models represent the majority ofelectric Because the effecrof the test procedure use of the definition advocated by the water heater shipments, the adjustment on the majority of models which exceed industry: and, the definition DOE is should be weighted to acknowledge this. the standards is not relevant to the pass- adopting for this rule has previously The models selected for the ETL tests. fail issue, the pertinent question thus is: been adopted by the Z-21 Subcommittee according to GAMA, represent less what is the effect of the new test on Standards for Gas Water Heaters. popular models or models with special procedure on those models that only

Additionally, at the public hearings, design features, such as models factory minimally meet the standard? The six DOE staff asked GAMA ifthere were equipped with heat traps, low-boy and electric units tested by NISTfor DOE limits as to how high the "rated volume" table top models. meet this criterion, could be relative to the measured On the other hand, the American Gas As stated above. GAMA submitted volume. It was stated that this Association (AGA) challenges DOE's test results of several water heaters difference was limited by adherence to proposal to lower the energy efficiency tested by ETL using both the old and the testing agency's specifications for standard for electric water heaters. revised test procedures to support its safety. However, DOE notes that one of (AGA, No. 84). It believes that DOE claim that the constant in the equation the six electric water heaters and one of selected an inadequate sample of for the electric water heater standard the five gas water heaters iested by electric water heaters to test under the should be lowered by 0.04. However, the NIST in support of today's-rule amended test procedure and that the units submitted by GAMA were not exceeded this limit. Thus, again some models selected by DOE are not truly those marginally at the standard. uncertainty exists with regard to which re"resentative ofthe universe ofelectric Therefore, most ofthese test results are criterion to use. water heaters available. According to not applicable to the question at hand.

As a consequence, DOE will continue AGA. given these shortcomings in the DOE recognizes that the number of to test waterheaters and collect data on amended test procedure's methodology, marginal units tested is limited but rated versus measured volume. AGA does not believe that DOE can believes that they fairly represent
S-051999 .0007(00Xo16-OCT-90-14:03 05

F4701.FMT-..-l.R-.nl 7-n.t.R 

# ·' : .**~** .'. ,..::**.,~.'**



### Federal Register 

# I Vol. 55. 

### No. 201 

# I Wednesday, October 17. 1990 

# I Rules and Regulations 42167

standard. However. upon further consideration. and for purposes ofthe instant rule. DOE accepts the arguments set forth in the comments regarding industry usage andhas defmed "rated storage volume" to mean the water storage capacity ofa waterheater. in gallons. as specified by the manufacturer. i.e

.. the "rated volume". Additionally. the footnote in the standardhas been modified to indicate that this definition applies to all types of waterheaters.

However. the Department has some concern about this use of "rated storage volume" in the standard because the

measure ofthis quantity seems to be relativelyuncontrolled and by specifying a large "ratedvolume" a manufacturercanlower the standard level that a waterheatermust meet. In 

### oral testimony at the January1989 public hearings. DOE staffpointed out that all the water heaters tested by NIST in support ofthis rule had measured volumes smaller than the "rated volume.:' GAMA staffreplied that this difference was due to manufacturing tolerance. While DOE does not have enough data to be statistically significant. it

### questions whether the difference in rated andmeasured volume is due solely to manufacturing tolerance. If

### that were the case. one would expect some measured volumes to be above the "rated volume" and
some to be below. All 13 waterheaters tested had measured volumes lower than the "rated volume". Further. oral testimony by GA¥A at the January. 1989 public hearings indicated that "the vast majority are below the rated number." However. at the same time. DOE is not aware ofany evidence or data which suggests that abuse or consumer detriment hasresulted from
use ofthe definition advocated by the industry: and. the definition DOE is adopting for this rule has previously been adopted by the Z-2l Subcommittee
on Standards for Gas WaterHeaters.

Additionally. at the public hearings. DOE staffasked GAMA ifthere were limits as to how'high the "rated volume" could be relative to the measured volume. It

### was stated that this difference was limited by adherence to the testing agency's specifications for safety. However. DOE notes that one of the six electric waterheaters and one of the five gas water heaters iested by NIST in support oftoday's'rule exceeried this limit. Thus. again some uncertainty exists with regard to which criterion to use.

As a consequence. DOE will continue to test waterheaters and collect data on rated versus measured volume.**S~51999** . 00}7(OO)(I(K)CT-90-14:03:05) 

### Depending upon the results ofthose tests. as well as experience underthe rule adopted today. DOE may consider revising the definition of"rated storage volume" in connection with the next waterheater standards review. Iriclusion ofHeatPump Water Heaters

GAMA states thatresidential heat pump waterheaters are included as a covero!d product in NAECA and that they are subject to

# minimum efficiency requirements. (GAMA. No. 78. at 1).

DOE agrees and notes that by establishing testprocedures for heat pump waterbeaters. today's rule extends standards coverage to these proJucts. DOE alsonotes that since heat pump waterheaters use electric power, they are covered underthe requirements for electric waterheaters. DOE will consider separate standards for heat pump waterheaters on the next review cycle for Vlater heater standards in 

### 1992. Amended Energy Efficiency Standards

GAMA states thai it agrees with the proposal to retain unchanged the

.conservation standards for gas and oil waterheaters. (GAMA. No. 88). Testing. conducted atETL for GAMA. yielded results which were consistent with DOE's data and the conclusion reflected in DOE's proposal for gas and oil water heaters. However, GAMA does not agree with the proposed amended energy conservation standards for electric water**heaters~** 

### GAMA proposes that the minimum efficiency standard for residential electric waterheaters be lowered by 0.04 rather than 0.02. GAMA states that while the average difference ofall the test results from ETL is less than0.04. the differences are greaterfor ,the small volume models. GAMA further states that since these small volume models representthe majority ofelectric waterheater shipments. the adjustment should be weighted to acknowledge this. The models selected for the ETL tests. according to GAMA. represent less popularmodels ormodels with special design features. such as models factory equipped with heat traps. low-boy and table,top models.

On the otherhand. the American Gas Associ.dion (AGA) challenges DOE's proposal to lower the energy efficiency standard for electric waterheaters. (AGA. No. 84). It 

### beliEves that DOE selected an inadequate sample of electric waterheaters to test under the amended test procedure and thatthe monels selected by DOE are not truly re"'resentative ofthe universe ofelectric wdterheaters available. According.to AGA. given these shortcomings in the amended test procedure's methodology. AGA does not believe that DOE can justify lowering the statutorilyestablished minimum efficiency standard for electric waterheaters.

AGA urges DOE to conduct additional independent testing ofwaterheaters to verify the differences in test methods before DOE amends the statutory minimum efficiency level. AGA states 'thatthe number ofunits tested at NIST represents less than 1percent ofthe 1.000 basic models ofelectric water heaters available. AGA further states that testing should be perf('.med on 20- and lOO-gallon models and on models withhigh efficiency factors.

In

### closing, AGA states that it does not believe DOE has put forward sufficient justification to lower the statutory minimum standardfor electric water heaters. AGA asserts that the DOE proposal has taken the expedient approach oflowering the statutory mandated minimum efficiency level rather than requiring electric water heaters to comply with the statute.

In response to GAMA and AGA. DOE notes that NAECA requires that efficiency standards shall be revised wheneverthe test procedures are revised so that units that minimally met the standards under the old test procedure will meet the revised standard underthe new test procedure; In other words. a unit thatmet the standards under a test procedure is not allowed to fail to meet the standardjust because the test procedure has changed. DOE agrees that the units tested are not representative ofthe complete universe ofwaterheaters. However. under NAECA the models tested need not be representative ofthe entire product universe; rather they should be representative ofthose models which marginally comply with the standard. Because the effe(.t-ofthe test procedure
on the majority ofmodels which exceed the standards is not relevant to the passfail issue, the pertinent question thus is: what is the effect ofthe new test procedure on those models that only minimally meet the standard?The six electric units tested by NIST for DOE meet this criterion.

As stated above. GAMA submitted test results ofseveral waterheaters tested by ETL using both the old and revised test procedures to support its claim that the constant in the equation for the electric water heater standard should be lowered by 0.04. However. the units submitted by GAMA were not those marginally at the standard. Therefore. mostofthese test results are not applicable to the question at hand.

DOE recognizes that thenumber of marginal units tested is limited but believes that they fairly represent

### 42168 Federal Regiser / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations
marginal units and thatusing the accordingly to achieve no netchange in economic impact on a substantial average ofthese results is appropriate. energy usage, today's rule will not affect number ofsmall entities." DOE certified The results ofthese tests were reported the quality or distribution ofenergy in the notice ofproposed rulemaking, in the 1989Proposal as Tables 1, 2,and usage, and will not resultin any and does so again, that the rule, which 3.Therefore, DOE haselected to modify environmental impacts. DOE, therefore, affects manufacturers ofwater heaters, the standard as proposed in the 1989 has determined thatamending the test will not have significant economic Proposal by lowering the first term of procedures and adjusting the energy impact, but rather simply improves the the energy factor equation for electric efficiency standards accordingly under testprocedures and adjusts the related water heaters by 0.02, which is the the Program donot individually or energy efficiency standards accordingly. average reduction ofthe electric units cumulatively have a significant effect on Therefore, DOE certifies that the final tested, and by leaving the standard for the human environment. Consequently, rule, as promulgated, will not have a oil and gas waterheaters unchanged. neither an Environmental Impact "significant economic impact on a

In selecting this standard based on Statement nor anEnvironmental substantial numberof smallentities." average test results, itisrecognized that Assessment isrequired fortoday's rule. D. Federalism Review some particular marginal water heaters B.Review Under Executive Order12291 

### might not meet the new standard. Executive Order 12612, 52 FR 41685

It shouldbe noted that anybasic The finalrule has beenreviewed in (October 30, 1987), requires that model that was manufactured before the accordance with Executive Order 12291, regulations orrules be reviewed for any effective date oftoday's final rule, 46 FR 13193 (February 19, 1981), which substantial direct effects on States, on regardless ofwhen the individual unit directs that allregulations achieve their the relationship between the national
was in fact manufactured, and which intended goals without imposing government and the States, or on the
was certified as meeting the standard unnecessary burdens on the economy, distribution ofpower and using the old test procedure, is on individuals, onpublic orprivate responsibilities among various levels of grandfathered under NAECA as organizations or on State and local government. Ifthere are sufficient complying with today's standard. governments. Executive Order 12291 substantial direct effects, then Executive

DOE is also concerned over the test also requires thatregulatory impact Order 12612 requires preparation ofa results obtained byNIST and those analyses be prepared for "major rules," Federalism assessment to be used in all submitted by GAMA in that for the great which it defines as any regulation that is decisions involved inpromulgating and majority ofunits tested, the measured likelyto result in: (1 An annual effect implementing aregulatioor a rule. values for energy factor were less than on theeconomy of$100 million or more; By operationfthe statute, standards thatreported inthe GAMA directory. If (2)a major increa in c orprices for under the Program initially preempt this situation was brought to DOE's sumers, dual ndustri inconsistent State regulations. Thus in attention by one party complaining Federal, State, thor loy thesestandardscould be said to against another, DOE believes that in an agencies or geographic regions; or 3) thave a substantial direct effect on State enforcement proceeding thebasic model it rs e ts governents. Today aterheate could be found innoncompliance competition, employment, investment, vernments. Today's waterheter productivitycould be found in noncnnovation, or onthe standards provisions, however, have the 

### mII. Correction ofEffectiveDate for ability ofthe United States-basedpractical effect ofmaintaining the status Mobile Home Furnaces Efficiency enterprises to compete with foreign- quo ofthe statutory standards levels. 

### Standards based enterprises indomestic or export Thus the revised standards provisions enterprises , T~iwill have no added substantive or 

### Inreviewing the final rule regarding markets. certification and enforcement of The final rule amends already existing ne8ative effect on States. Basd on the regulations related to energy test procedures forwater heaters and foregoing, DOE has concluded that 

### efficiresncy standards.Afccordingly, DOE for th conservation standardfor consumer correstpondingly adjusts the energy preparation ofa Federalism assessment products published February 7, 

### 1989, in efficiency standards. Accordingly, DOE for this rulemaking was not warranted. 

### the Federal Register (54FR 6077), DOE has determined that anyburden ist ofSubjects in 10 CF Part 430

mobile home furnaces efficiency government entity by the amendment of Administrative practice and noted that the effective date listed for govered on enty bysd te = amndut, or Administrative practice and mobile home furnaces efficiencys osisrft, 

### standards, January
, 1990, was extant procedures isnot significant procedure. Energy conservation. incorrect. Thecorrect date is September -enoughto bring the final rule within the Household appliances. 1, 

### 1990.Tods n e m s tt definition of "major rule." In consideration ofthe foregoing, the correction. In accordance with section 3(c)(3) of Department ofEnergy amends part430 Executive Order 12291, which appliesto ofchapter IIoftitle 10,Code ofFederal IV. Other Reviews rules other than major rules, the final Regulations, as set forth below. A. EnvironmentalReview rule was submitted-to the Office of Issued in Washington, DC. October 1,1990. Management and Budget (OMB)for



### . I. M richael Davis. Pursuant to section 7(c}(2) ofthe review without a regulatory impact * 

### Federal Energy Administration Act of analysis.ecretry Conservationand 1974 (FEAA) (15 U.S.C. 761-790). a copyRenewbleEner of this notice has been submitted to the C.RegulatoryFlexibilityAct PART 430-ENERGY CONSERVATION 

### Administrator of the Environmental The Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER Protection Agency for comments U.S.C. 601-812. requires that anagency PRODUCTS concerning the impact,of this proposal prepare an initial regulatory flexibility 1.The authority citation for part430 

### on the quality of the environment. analysis tobe published at the time the continues to read as follows:

Since the amended test prr -edures proposed rule is published. This Authority: Energy Policy and Conservation under the Program will be used only to requirement (which appears in section Act. title IlI.part B.as amended by National standardize the measurement ofenergy 603) does not apply ifthe agency Energy Conservation Policy Act. title IV, part usage and the energy efficiency certifies that the rule will not. if 2.National Appliance Energy Conservation standards have been adjusted promulgated, have a significant Act of 1987, and National Appliance Energy

S-051999 0008(0X 16-OCT-90-14.03 08)
F4701.FMT.... 16.30l...7-8-88 

## 42168

. Federal'

## R.~er / Vol. 

## 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations

marginal units and thatusing the average ofthese results is appropriate. Theresults ofthese tests werereported in the 1989,Proposal asTables 1. 2. and. 3. Therefore. DOE has elected to modify the standard asproposed in the 1989 Proposal by lowering thefiritterm·of the energyfactor equation for electric waterheaters by0.02. which is the

· averagereduction ofthe electric units

tested. andby leaVing the standardfor oil andgaswaterheaters unchanged.

lnselectingthis standardbased on averagetestresults, iUsrecognized that

,. some particularmarginal waterheaters

might not meet the new standard.

It

### shouldbenoted that anybasic model thatwasmanufactured before the effective date oftoday's final rule, regardless ofwhen the individual unit
was in fact manufactured. and which
was certified asmeeting the standard

. using the old test procedure. is

·grandfathered underNAECA as

. complying with today's standard.

DOE is also'concerned over the'test results obtainedbyNIST andthose

·submitted by 

### GAMA in that for.the great

·majorityo.funits tested. the measured values for energyfactor wereless than that reported in the

### GAMA directory. 

### If this sifUation wasbrought to DOE's attentionby one party complaining s,gainst another. DOE believes that in an enforcementproceeding the basicmodel couldbefound in noncompliance. 

# m. Correction ofEffective Datefor Mobile Home Furnaces Efficiency 

### Standards

In reviewing the fmal rule regarding certification and enforcement of regulations related to energy conservation standardsfor consumer products published February 7. 1989. in the Federal Resister (54 

### FR 6(77). DOE noted that the effective date listed for mobile home furnaces efficiency standards. January 1. 1990. was incorrect.The correct date is September 1. 1990. Today's notice makes that

. correction. 

### IV. OtherReviews
A. 

### EnvironmentalReview

Pursuant to.section 7(c)(2) of**th~** 

### Federal EnergyAdministrationAct of 1974 (FEAA) 

### (15 U.s.C. 761-790). a copy ofthis notice has been submitted to the Administrator ofthe Environmental Protection Agency for comments concerning the impact,ofthis proposal
on the quality ofthe**environm~nt.**



### Since the amended test pr' :edures under the Program will beusedonly to standardize'the measurement ofenergy usage and the energy efficiency standardshave been adjusted

5-0'1999 0008(00)(**I~ -~14:O3:O8)**  

### accordingly to achieve no netchange in energyusage. tOdaY's rule 

### willnot affect the quality or distribution ofenergy

.usage. and will notresultinany

, environmental impacts. DOE. therefore.

has determined that amending the test procedures and adjusting the energy efficiency standards**acco~y** 

### under the Program do notindividually or**cumul~tively** 

### have a Significant effect on the humanenvironment. Consequently•. neither anEnvironmental Impact ' Statementlior anEnviroiunental Assessmentis required for today's rule.


### B.Review UnderExecutive Order12291 The fmal rule hasbeenreviewed in accordance withExecutive Order 12291. 46 FR 13193 (February 19.1981). which directs that all regulatioris achieve their intendedgoals without imposing unnecessary burdens onthe economy. onindividuals. on public orprivate organizations. or onStateandlocal. governments.Executive Order 12291 also requires that regulatory impact analyses be prepared for "majorrules." which it defmes as anyregulation that is likely to result in: (1) An annual effect
on the economy of$100

### million'or more; (2) a majorincrease in costs Ofprices for
consumers. individual industries. Federal. State. orlocal government agencies. orgeographicregions: or(3) significant adverse effects on

. competition. employment. investment; productivity. innovation. oron the ability ofthe United States-based enterprises to compete with foreignbasedenterprises in domestic or export markets.

The firial nile amends already existing testprocedures for waterheaters and

,correspondingly adjusts the energy

efficiency standards. Accordingly. DOE has determined that anyburden'

. imposed on anyperson. industry. or government entity by the amendment of extantprocedures is not Significant enough to bring the final rule within the definition of "majorrule."

. In.

### accordance with section 3(c)(3) of Executive Order.12291. which applies to rules other than major rules. the final rule was submitted to the Office of Management and Budget 10MB)

### for / review without a regulatory impact analysis. C. 

### RegulatoryFlexibilityAct

The Reguiatory Flexibility Act. 5 U.S.C. 601-612. requires that an agency prepare aninitial regulatory flexibility analysis tobe published at the time the proposed rule is published. This

. requirement (which appears in section

6(3) does not apply ifthe agency "certifies that the rule will not. if promulgated. have a Significant



### F4701.FMT

...[16.30)

...

### '1-06-86 .economic impact on a substantial number ofsmall entities." DOE certified in the notice ofproposedrulemaking. and does so again. that the rUle. which affects manufacturers ofwaterheaters. will nothave significant economic impact. but rather simply improves the testprocedures and adjusts therelated energy efficiency standards accordingly. Therefore. DOE certifies that the final rule. as**promulg~ted.** 

### will not have a "significant economic impact on a . substantial :'lumber of.small.entities."

. 

### D. Federalism Review

Executive order 12612. 52 FR 41685 (October 30. 1987). requires that regulations orrules be reviewed for any. substantial direct effects on States. on the relationship between the national government andthe States. or on the distribution ofpowerand responsibilities among various levels of government. 

### Ifthere are sufficient

. substantial direct effects. thenExecutive

.Order 12612 requires preparation ofa Federalism assessment to be used in all decisions involved in promulgating and implementing a regulation or a rule.

By operation ofthe statute. standards under the Program initiallypreempt. inconsistent State regulations. Thus. in

. theory thesestandards·couldbe said to have a substantial direct effect on State governments. Today'swaterheater standards provisions. however. have the practical effect ofmaintainingthe 

### status quo 

### ofthe statutory standai'ds levels.· Thus the revised standards provisions 

# will have no added substantive or negative effect on States. Based on the foregoing. DOE has concluded that preparation ofa Federalism assessment for this rulemaking was notwarranted.

,.ist ofSubjects in 10 eFR Part430

.



### Administrative practice and procedure. Energy conlJervation; Household appliances.

.

In consideration ofthe foregoing. the DepartmentafEnergy amends part430 ofchapter U

### oftitle 10. Code ofFederal Regulations. as set forth below.

Issued in Wsshington. DC. October 1. 1990.

,..Michael Davis. AssistantSecretary. Conservationand RenewableEnergy. PART 43D-ENERGY CONSERVATION

. PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER

. PRODUCTS
1. 

### The authority citation for part 430 continues to read as follows:

AuthoritY: EnergyPolicy andConservation**Ac~.** title Ill. part B. 8S amendedby National Energy Conservstion Policy Act. title IV. part 2. National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987. and National Appliance Energy "



# ..

..

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations 42169

Conservation Amendments of 1988 (42 U.S.C. water heater, expressed in kilowatts orBtu equipment such as fans. storage tanks. 6291-6309). per houras appropriate. pumps, or controls necessary for the device 1.4.EnergyFactormeans a measure of to perform its function. §430.22 lAmended] water heater overall efficiency. 1.14 ASHRAE Standard 41.1-86means the 2. Section 430.22 is amended by 1.5.FirstHourRatingmeans the amount of standard published in 1986 by the American revising paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) and hot water the water heater can supply in one Society ofHeating, Refrigerating andAirby adding paragraph (e)(4) to read as hourof operation., Conditioning Engineers. Inc. and titled follows: 1.6.HeatTrap means a device which can Standard Measurement Guide: Section on be integrally connected, or independently Temperature Measurements. attached, tothe hot and/or cold water pipe 1.15. ASTM-D-2156-Mmeans the test (e) WaterHeaters.(1) The estimated connections ofa water heater such that the standard published in 1980 by the American annual operating cost for water heaters device will develop a thermal or mechanical Society of Testing andMeasurements and shall be- seal to minimize the recirculation of water titled Method for Smoke Density in Flue

(i) For a gas or oil water t 

### tttt t the water Gases from Burning Distillate Fuels. product ofthe annual energy heater tank and its connecting pipes. 1.16. "Rated Storage Volume" means the product of

the annual energy 1.7.Recovery Efficiency means the ratio of water storage capacity of a water heater, in consumption, determined according to energy delivered to the water to the energy gallons, as specified by the manufacture section 6.1.8 or 6.2.5 of appendix E of content of the fuel consumed by the water this subpart, times the representative heater. 2. Test Conditions average unit cost of gas or oil, as 1.8. Standbymeans the time during which 2.1. Installation Requirements.Tests shall appropriate, in dollars per Btu as water is not being withdrawn from the water b, performed with the water heater and provided by the Secretary, the resulting heater. There are two standby time intervals instrumentation installed in accordance with product then being rounded offto the used within this test procedure: section 4. neappresents the elapsed time between the time 2.2.AmbientAir Temperature.The ambient 

# ii)For an electric water heater, the at which the maximum mean tankair temperature, shall be controlled to a value (it)For an elec nc watergy , he temperature is observed after the sixth draw between 65.0 'F and 70.0 'F on a continuous product ofthe annual energy and the end ofthe 24 hour test: , basis. For heat pump water heaters maintain consumption, determined according to represents the total time during the 24 hour sth dr bulb pump w ater hea ter m a 6 n ta ' section 6.1.8 or 6.2.5 ofappendix E of simulated use test when water was not being Additionally, for hemperat pump water heaters theF. this subpart, times the representative withdrawn from the water heater. relativeonally, for h eat pumidity water maintained average unit cost of electricity in dollars 1.9. Gas fueledstoragewaterheatermeans between 49 and 51 percent. per kilowatt-hour as provided by the a water heater which utilizes gas as the Secretary, divided by 3412 Btu per energy source and which is designed to heat 2.3. Supply Water Temperatbeingsupplied to and store water at a thermostatically temperature of the water being supplied to kilowatt-hour, the resulting quotient controlled temperature oflessan 'F the water heater shall be maintained at 58 then being rounded off to the nearest with an input of 75,000 Btuper hour orless 2'F throughout the test. dollar per year. and amanufacturers specified storage 2.4. Storage Tank Temperature. The (2) The energy factor for the water capacity average temperature of the water within the heaters shall be- than 100 gallons. storage tank shall be set to 135 ± 5'F.

(i) For a gas or oil water heater, as 1.10Electricstoragewaterheatermeansa 2.5.Supply Water Pressure.During the test determined by section 6.1.7 or 6.2.4 of water heater which utilizes electricity as the appendix E of this subpart rounded off energy source and which is designed to heat supply pressure shall be maintained between appendix E othis subparest 0.01. rounded off and store water at a thermostatically 40 psig and the maximum allowable pressure to the nearest 0.01. controlled temperature ofless than 180 'F specified by the water heater manufacturer.

(ii) For an electric water heater, as with an input of 12 kilowatts or less and a 2.6.Electricaland/or FossilFuelSupply. determined by section 6.1.7 or 6.2.4 of manufacturers specified storage capacity of 2.6.1. Electrical.Maintain the electrical appendix E of this subpart rounded off not less than 20 gallons normore than 120 supply voltage to within ± 1percent of the to the nearest 0.01. gallons. center of the voltage range specified by the

*

.. . * .1.11 Oilstorage waterheatermeans a water heater and/or heat pump

(4) The alternative uniform test water heater which utilizes oil as the energy manufacturer. methodfreasurngative eneor source and which is designed to heat and 2..2. NaturalGas. Maintain the supply method for measuring the energy store water at a thermostatically controlled pressure in accordance with (he consumption ofuntested water heaters temperature ofless than 180°F with an manufacturer's specifications. If the supply shall be that set forth in section 7.0 of energy input of 105.000 Btuper hour or less. pressure is not specified, maintain a supply appendix E of this subpart. and which has a manufacturers specified pressure of7to 10 inches of water column. If

3. Appendix E to subpart B of part 430 storage capacity of50 gallons orless. the water heater is equipped with a gas is revised to read as follows: 1.12 Gas fueledinstantaneous waterheater appliance pressure regulator, the regulator
means a water heater which utilizes gas as outlet pressure shallbe within ± 10% of the Appendix E to Subpart B of Part 430- the energy source controlled manually or manufacturer's specified manifold pressure. Uniform Test Method for Measuring the automatically by a water flow activated Use natural gas with a higher heating value of Energy Consumption of Water Heaters control or a combination ofwater flow and approximately 1,025 Btu per standard cubic thermostatic control, which is designed to foot. I.Definitions deliver water at a controlled temperature of 2.6.3. PropaneGas.Maintain the supply

1.1. Cut-in means the time or water less than 180 'F, and which has an input pressure in accordance with the temperature when a water heater thermostat greater than 50.000 Btu per hour and less than manufacturer's specifications. If the supply has acted to increase the energy or fuel input 200.000 Btu per hour. and a manufacturers pressure is not specified, maintain a supply to the heating elements. compressor, or specified storage capacity ofless than 2 pressure of11 to 13 inches ofwater column. If burner. gallons. the water heater is equipped with a gas

1.2. Cut-outmeans the time or water 1.13 Heat pump waterheatermeans a appliance pressure regulator, the regulator temperature when a water heater thermostat water heater which utilizes electricity as the outlet pressure shall be within

- 10% ofthe has acted to reduce to a minimum the energy energy source with a maximum current rating manufacturer's specified manifold pressure. orfuel input to the heating elements, of24 ampe' .s at a voltage no greater than 250 Use propane gas with a higher heating value compressor, or burners. volts, and which is designed to transfer ofapproximately 2.500 Btu per standard cubic

1.3. DesignPower Rating means the thermal energy from one temperature level to foot. nominal powerrating that a water heater a higher temperature level for the purpose of 2.6.4. FuelOilSupply. Maintain an manufacturer assigns to a particular design of heating water, including all auxiliary uninterrupted supply offuel oil. Use fuel oil

S-051999 0009(oo 16-OCT-90-1403:12)

F47O1 -FMT-rIB.3nl...7-n-RRa ..... ':....



### Federal Register 

## I Vol. 55, No. 201. 

## I Wednesday, October 17, 1990 

## I Rules and Regulations 42169

ConservationAmendments of1988 (42 U.S.C.**6291~09).** §430.22 [Amended}



### 2. Section430.22 is amended by revising paragraphs (e)(l) and (e)(2) and by adding paragraph (e)(4) to read as follows:

(e) 

### WaterHeaters. (1) The estimated annual operating cost for waterheaters shall be-

(i) For a gasor oil waterheater, the product ofthe annual energy consumption. determined according to section 6.1.8 or 6.2.5 ofappendixEof this subpart, times the representative average unit cost ofgasoroil. as appropriate. in dollars perBtu as prOVided by the Secretary. the resulting product then being rounded offto the nearest dollar per year.

(ii) 

### For an electric waterheater. the product ofthe annual energy consumption. determined according to section 6.1.8 or 6.2.5 ofappendix Eof this subpart. times the representative average unit cost ofelectricity in dollars per kilowatt-hour as provided by the Secretary. divided by 3412 Btu per kilowatt-hour. the resulting quotient then being rounded offto the nearest dollar peryear.

(2) The energy factor for the water heaters shall be-

(i) For a gas or oil waterheater. as determined by section 6.1.7 or 6.2.4 of appendix Eofthis subpartrounded off to the nearest 0.01.

(ii) 

### For an electric waterheater. as determined by section 6.1.7 or 6.2.4 of appendix Ecjfthis subpartrounded off to the nearest 0.01.

(4) The alternative uniform test method for measuring the energy consumption ofuntested waterheaters shall be that set forth in section 7.0 of appendix Eofthis subpart.

3. Appendix Eto subpart Bofpart430 is revised to read as follows: Appendix Eto Subpart BofPart 43c.- 

### Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Enel'lY ConsumptionofWaterHeaters
1. Definitions

1.1. Cut-in means the time or water temperature when a waterheater thermostat has acted to increase the energy orfuel input to the heatins elements. compressor. or burner.

1.2. Cut-out means the time or water' temperature when a waterheater thermostat has acted to reduce to aminimum the energy or fuel input to the heating elements. compressor. or burners.

1.3. DeSign PowerRatingmeans the nominal power rating that a water healer manufacturer assigns to a particulardesign of**S~51999** 0009(00)( 16-OCT -90-14:03:12) waterheater. expressed in kilowatts orBtu per hour as appropriate.

1.4. EnergyFactormeans a measure of water heateroverall efficiency.

1.5. FirstHourRating means the amount of hot waterthe waterheatercan supply in one hour ofoperation.
,

1.6. Heat Trap means a,device which can be integrally connected. orindependently attached. to the hot and/or cold waterpipe connections ofa waterheater such that the device will develop a thermal ormechanical seal to minimize the recirculation ofwater due to thermal convection between the water heatertank and its connectingpipes.

1.7. RecoveryEfficiencymeans the ratio of energy delivered to the water to the energy content ofthe fuel consumed by the water heater.

1.8. Standbymeans the time during which water is not being withdrawn from the water heater. There are two standby time intervals used within this test procedure: •

.......1 represents the elapsed time between the time at which the maximum mean tank temperature is observed after the sixth draw and the end ofthe 24 hour test;

........2 represents the total time during the 24 hour simulated use test when waterwas not being withdrawn from the waterheater.

1.9. Gasfueledstorage waterheatermeans a waterheater which utilizes gas as the energy source and which is designed to heat and store water at a thermostatically controlled temperature ofless than 180 'F with an input of75.000 Btu per hour or less and a,manufacturers speCified storase capacity ofnot less than 20 sallons nor more than 100gallons.

1.10Electricstorage waterheatermeans a water heaterwhich utilizes electricity as the energy source and which is designed to heat and store waterat a thermostatically controlled temperature ofless than 180 'F with an input of12 kilowatts or less and a manufacturers speCified storase capacity of not less than 20 sallons normore than 120 sallons.

1.11 Oilstorage waterheatermeans a water heaterwhich utilizes oil as the energy source and which is designed to heat and store water at a thermostatically controlled temperature ofless than 180 'Fwith an energy input of 105.000 Btu perhour orless. and which has a manufacturers speCified storase capacity of50 gallons or less.

1.12 Gasfueledinstantaneous waterheater
means a waterheater which utilizes gas as the energy source controlled manually or automatically by a water flow activated control or a combination ofwater flow and thermostatic control. which is designed to deliver water at

## acontrolled temperature of less than 180 'F. and which has an input greater than 50.000 Btu perhour and less than 200.000 Btu perhour. and a**manufac~urers** specified storase capacity ofless than 2 gallons.

1.13 Heatpump waterheatermeans a water heater\\'hich utilizes electricity as the energy source with a maximum current ratins of24 ampe' 

### .s ata voltase no greater than 250 volts. and which is designed to transfer thermal energy from one temperature level to
a higher temperature level for the purpose of heating water. including all auxiliary equipment such as fans. storage tanks. pumps. orcontrols necessary for the device to perform its function.

1.14ASH RAEStandard41.1-86 means the standard published in 1966 bythe American Society ofHeatins. Refrigerating and AirConditioning EnBineers. Inc. and titled StandardMeasurement Guide: Section on TemperatureMeasurements.

1.15.ASTM-D-2156-80means the test standardpublished in 1980 by the American Society ofTesting and Measurements and titled Method for Smoke Density in Flue Gases from Burning Distillate Fuels.

1.16. "Rated Storase Volume" means the water storase capacity ofa waterheater. in sallons. as specified by the manufacturp2. Test Conditions

2.1. Installation Requirements. Tests shall be performed with the water heater and instrumentation installed in accordance with section4.

2.2. AmbientAir Temperature. The ambient air temperature. shall be controlled to a value between 65.0 'Fand 70.0 OF on a continuous basis. For heat pump water heaters maintain the dry bulb temperature at 67.5 

### ± 1 'F. Additionally. for heat pump waterheaters the relative humidity shall be maintained between49 and 51 percent.

2.3. Supply Water Temperature. The temperature ofthe waterbeins supplied to the waterheater shall be maintained at 58 ± 2 'FthrouShout the test.

2.4. Storage Tanh Temperalure. The average temperature ofthe waterwithin the storage tank shall be set to 135 ± 5 'F.

2.5. Supply WaterPressure. During the test when wateris not beins withdrawn. the supply pressure shall be maintained between 40 psiS and the maximum allowable pressure speCified by the waterheatermanufacturer.

2.6. Electricaland/orFossil Fuel Supply. 2.6.1. Electrical. Maintain the electrical supply voltase to within ± 1 percent ofthe center ofthe voltase ranse specified by the water heater and/orheat pump manufacturer.

2.6.2. Natural Gas. Maintain the supply pressure in accordance with ,he manufacturer's specifications. Ifthe supply pressure is not specified. maintain a supply pressure of7 to 10 inches ofwaterc,olumn. If the water heater is equipped with a sas appliance pressure resulator. the resulator outlet pressure shall be within 

### ± 1O'JL ofthe manufacturer's specified manifold pressure. Use natural gas with a hisher heatins value of approximately 1.025 Btu per standard cubic foot.

.

2.6.3. Prapane Gas. Maintain the supply pressure in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. Ifthe supply pressure is not specified. maintain a supply pressure of11 to 13 inches ofwater column. If the water heater is equipped with a gas appliance pressure regulator. the resulator outlet pressure shall be within**~** 10% ofthe manufacturer's specified manifold pressure. Use propane gas with a hisher heatins value ofapproximately 2.500 Btu per standard cubic foot.

2.8.4. Fuel OilSupply. Maintain an uninterrupted supply offuel oil. Use fuel oil

## 42170 Federal Register / Vol. 55, 

## No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations

with a heating value of approximately 138.700 calibrated thermocouple wire taken from a section shall be placed on platform(s) Btu per gallon. single spool. Extension wires to the recording constructed as previously described. If device shall also be made from that same installation materials are not provided by the 3.Instrumentation spooI. Instrumentationspool. heat pump manufacturer, use uninsulated 8

3.1. Pressure Measurements.Pressure 3.2.6. Time Constant.The time constant of foot long connecting hoses, having an inside measuring instruments shallhave an error no the instruments used to measure the inlet and diameter of %inch.Wall mounted water greater than the following values: outlet water temperatures shall be no greater heaters shallbe installed in accordance with than 5 seconds. manufacturer-published installation it"m meoans-d Instrument Insument 3.3 LiquidFlowMeasurements.The instructions on a simulated wall section made accuracy prcmon- accuracy ofthe liquid flowrate measurement, from 

### %inch plywood and 2 x 4inch studs. 

## ~G~p ' 01um

........

o.i o ±0. using the calibration iffurnished, shall be Placement in the test room shall be in an area casp

. watinch colut equal to or less than ± 1A ofthe measured protected from drafts. Atmopheric 0O.1 inch of ±0.05 inch o value in mass units per unit time. 4.2. WaterSupply. The water supply shall pw srae. u mrv colrmn. mrey cokunn 3.4. Electric Energy.The electrical energy becapable of delivering water at conditions Wantr paactl..±1..

. p.uds pW ±0.50 psunds O used shall bemeasured with an instrument as specified in section 2. and associated readout device that are 4.3. WaterInletandOutlet Configuration. accurate within ± 1% ofthereading. Inlet and outlet pipingconyrctions shall be 3.2. TemperatureMeasurement. 3.5. Fossil Fuels.The quantity offuel used configured as illustrated in Figures 1,2, or3 by the water heater shall be measured with except a water heater 36 inches high or less, 3.2.1. Measurement. Temperature an instrument and associated readout device (commonly referred to as an under counter or measurements shall be made in accordance that is accurate within ± 1%ofthereading. table top model)intended for installation with the Standard Measurement Guide: 3.6.MassMeasurements.Mass either beneath, adjacent to orin conjunction Section on Temperature Measurements, measurements shallbe made measured with with a counter shallhave the inlet and outlet ASHRAE Standard 41.1-88. instruments that are accurate within ± 1%of connections configured as illustrated in

3.2.2. Accuracy and Precision. The the reading or0.1 Ibm. whichever is greater. Figures 4a and 4b. Type "L" hard copper accuracy and precision of the instruments, 3.7. Heating Value. The higher heating tubing, the same size as the connections on including their associated readout devices, value ofthe natural gas.propane, orfuel oil the waterheater shall be connected to the shall be within the limits as follows: shall bemeasured with an instrument andnd nd 24 inches in length. If a 1-------------L. |
,___ associated readout device that is accurate water heater 36 inchhigh or less is not
ssu within ofthereading. factory equippedwith pipe to extend the field aAk oiy Precision tvalue of natural gas and propane must be connection point ofthe water heaer lines to A... ±o.F corrected forlocal temperature and pressure outside of thejacket or cabinet, type tL" hard

· ~ wb~et utdu ~xratm.....: r........ ~-o'F =04'F conditions. AirwetnWaM Wneatw

. -0.2*F ±o.F copper tubing shall be used to extend the rInlt and outlet water aenmea- 3.8. Time.The elapsed time measurements water linehorizontally to the exterior ofthe tme.

........ ... :......... :OF _0.1OF shall be measured with an instrument that is wackter ine horizontally to the exterior ofthe stomae te~ te~mnnb

........... ~-O.S'F =0.25'F Sa k .accurate within 0.5 seconds per hour jacket or cabinet. Unions may be utilized to

------------ accurate within ±0.5 seconds per hour. facilitate installation andremoval ofthe 4.Installation piping arrangements. A pressure gauge and 3.2.3. ScaleDivision.Inno case shall the ia m n s smallest scale division of the instrument or 4.1. Water Heating Mounting.A waterphragm expansiontank shall be installed instrument system exceed 2 times the heater designed to be free standing shall be in the supply water piping at a location specified precision. installed according to the manufacturer's upstream ofthe 24 inch cold water inlet pipe.

3.2.4. Temperature Difference. Temperature directions on a /4inch thick plywood An appropriately rated pressure and difference between the entering and leaving platform supported by three 2 x 4inch temperature relief valve shall be installed on water may be measured with any of the runners. If the water heater is not approved all water heaters at the port specified by the following: for installation on combustible flooring,manufacturer. Discharge piping for the relief

a. A Thermopile suitable non-combustible material shall be valve shall be non-metallic. Ifheat traps and/ b. Calibrated resistance thermometers placed between it and the platform. Forheat or piping insulation and/or pressure relief

c. Precision thermometers pump water heaters without a storage tank valve insulation are supplied with the water d. Calibrated thermistors supplied by the manufacturer, connections heater, then they shall be installed for testing.

e. Calibrated thermocouples shall be made with a storage tank as Clearance shall be provided such that none f.Quartz thermometers described in section 4.9.3 and in accordance ofthe piping contacts other surfaces in the 3.2.5. Thermopile Construction. If a with manufacturer-published installation tet room. thermopile is used. it shall be made from instructions. The storage tank and heat pump BLLNG cODE SO-O1-M

S-051999 0010(00X 16-OCT-90-14:03:16) 

## F4701.FMT...[16,30]...7-08-88 42170 Federal Register 

# l Vol. 55, No, 201 / 

## Wednesday, October 17, 1990 

# I Rules**~nd** 

## Regulations

with a heating value ofapprOximately 13B,7oo Btu pergallon.
3. Instrumentation

3.1. PressureMeasurements. PressW-e measuring instruments shallhave anerrorno greaterthanthe follOwing values:**~**

Gas**~**........ ±0.1 inch 01 water COlumn. AIr/IOIIIII8IiC zO.1 inch 01**~.** nacury COlumn. w_prascLft

..... zl.0 poundI per aquare inch. :toO.05 inch of water Counn :toO.05 inch of

nacury COlumn :toO.!iO poundI per

sqUare inch

.. 3.2

. .

TemperatlireMeasurement 3.2.1. Measurement. Temperature measurements shall bemadein accordance with the StandardMeasurement Guide: Section onTemperature Measurements, ASHRAE Standard**41.1~.**

3.2.2.AccuracyandPrecision. The accuracy andprecision ofthe instruments, including their associatedreadout devices, shall be within the limits as follows:

Ail dry bulb tamperature

...............1 Ail_buill tamp8rature

..............j Inlet and outlet WIlla' tempera.

### s:.:-t;;k·_~b;;:::::::::::! Ins1rUna1I acc:wacy

zO.2'F ±O.Z'F

±O.Z'F ±O.S'F Instrument pnJCiSiOn

±O.I'F ±O.I'F

±O.I'F :O.25'F

3.2.3. ScaleDivision. Inno case shall the smallest scale division ofthe instrument or instrument system exceed 2times the specified precision.

.3.2.4.'TemperatureDifference.Temperature difference between the enteringand leaving watermay bemeasUred with any ofthe following:

. a. AThermopile

b. Calibratedresistance thermometers
c. Precision thermometers d. Calibrated thermistors
e. Calibrated thermocouples f. Quartz thermometers 3.2.5. Thermopile Construction. If

## a . thermopile is used, it shall be made from

5-()51999 OOI0(00)(16-OCT-90-14:03:16) calibrated thermocouple wire takenfrom a single spool. Exten\lion wires to the recording deVice shall also be made from that same spool. .'I .

3.2.6. Time Constant. The time constantof the mstruments used to measure the inlet and outlet watertemperatures shall be no greater than 5 seconds.

3.3 LiquidFlowMeasurements. The

.accuracy ofthe liquid flow rate measurement, uaingthe calibration iffurnished. shall be equal to orless than ± 196 ofthe measured value in mass units perunit time.

3.4. ElectricEnergy. The electrical energy used shall bemeasured with an wtrUment andaisociatedreadout deVice that are accurate within ± 1% of.the reading.

3.5.FossilFuels. The quantity offuel used by the waterheater shall bemeasured with
aninstrument andassociatedreadout deVice that is accurate within ± 196 ofthe reading.

3.6.MassMeasurements. Mass measurements shall be made measured with 'instruments thafareaccurate within 

### ± 196 of the reading or0.1 Ibm,**whicheve~** is. greater.

3.7. Heating Value. The higher heating

. value ofthe natural gas, propane, orfuel oil shall be'measuredwith aninstrument and associated readout deVice that is accurate within ± 1% ofthereading. Theheating value ofnatural gas andpropane must be**~** corrected for local temperature and pressure conditions.

3.B. Time. The elapsed time measurements shall be measured with aninstrument thatis**~** accurate within ± 0.5 secondsperhour.
4. Installation

4.1. WaterHeatingMounting. A water heaterdesigned to be free standing shall be installed according to the manufacturer's directions on a 0/. inch thick plywood platform supported by three 2 X 4 inch
runners. Ifthe waterheateris not approved for installationoncombustible flooring, suitable non-combustible materiillshall be placed between it and the platform. For heat pump waterheaterswithout a storage tank supplied by the manufacturer, connections shallbe madewith a storage tank as described in section4.9.3 and in accordance with manufacturer-publishedinstallation instructions. The storage tank and heatpump



### F4701.FMT

...[16.30)

...7-06-86 section shall be placed on platform(s)**~**constructed aspreviously described. If installaUonmaterialsare not proVided by the heat pump manufacturer. use uninsulated B foot long connectinghoses. having an inside diameter of lYe inch. Wall mounted water heaters shallbe installed in accordance with manufacturer-published installation instructions on a simulated wall sectionmade from 0/4 inch plywood and

## 2X 4inch studs. Placement in the testroom shall be in anarea protectedfrom drafts.

.

4.2. WaterSupply. The water supply shall be capable ofdelivering wateratconditions

as specified in section 2.
,

4.3. WaterInletandOutlet Configuration. Inlet andoutlet piping conr,ctions shall be configured as illustratedin Figures 1. 2. or 3 excepta waterheater 36 inches high orless. (commonly referred to as anunder counter or table top model) intended for installation eitherbeneath. adjacent to orin conjunction with a counter shall have the inlet andoutlet connections configured as illustrated in Figures 4a and4b. Type "L"hardcopper tubing, the same size as the connections on the water heater shall be connected to the tank andextend 24 inches in length. Ifa waterheater36 inches high or less is not factory equipped with pipe to extendthe field connectionpoint ofthe wilter heater lines to outside ofthejacket orcabinet, tyP,e "L" hard coppertubing shall be usedto extendthe waterline hOrizontally to the exterior ofthe jacket orcabiriet. Unions may be·utilized to facilitate installation and removal ofthe piping arrangements. A'pressure gauge and diaphragm expansion tank shall be installed in the supply water piping ata location upstream ofthe 24 inch cold waterinlet pipe. An appropriately rated pressure and ' temperature reliefvalve shall be installed on all waterheaters at the port specified by the manufacturer. Discharge piping for the relief valve shall be non-metallic. Ifheat traps and/
orpiping insulation and/orpressure relief valve insulation are supplied with the water heater, then they shall be installed for testing. Clearance shallbe provided such that none ofthe piping contacts other sUrfaces in the testroom.'

. BlWNG CODE**B4IOo01~** .



# ..

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations 42171

Water meter Flow Regulator Expa:ion Ma in 

### Tank

Figure 1



### TOUT TIN



### Check To Scale or Valve
Water meter Flow

JSExpansi^n Main Tank Figure 2

TOUT

TIN 

### To Scale or T T. 2
Water meter Fbow Regulator r Check RJ s i E 2H val w 

### t



## _ | Water 

## w _:Supply i Expansion Main 

### Tank

Figure 3

026 

### · Federal Register / Vol. 55. No. 201 / Wednesday. October 17.1990 / RulE's and Regulations 42171

To 

### Scaleor



# • Water met«



### To 

### Scale or



# • Water meter

To 

### ScaJe 

### or
Water 

### meter 

# --

Flow Regulator



### Flow Regulator TOUT 

## Ttf

Figure 1

TOUT TIN



### 24- 24- 

# J J

Expansion 

### Tank 

### Figure 2

TIN



### Figure 3

### 42172 Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations

^~T^ "~TIN



## 29 M ^ = = = 

## |_ waterSupply Expansion Main Tank

Figure 4a.



## 'r' To Flow

- Watermeter

-' ' 

# D ' ''

/ I 

## " /' I 

## * -. -. 

# I| ' " Toeor Figure 4b.

SILU NG COD 00 46001,-C



# O24 42172 Federal Register 

# I Vol. 55, No. 201 

# I Wednesday, October 17,1990

# I Rules and Regulations 

# T

36"



# T

36" 

# ........

# -

..... 

# , " 

# 1------, 1 

### 1 1 1 1

. I



# I

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### 1 I 

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# "

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BIWNQ COOl**"1O-O1~** 

### Expansion 

## Tank

To Scale or 

# • Water meter



# o 16<i

..

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations 42173

4.4. Fueland/or Electrical Powerand to the largest flue collar size of the draft hood light power, ifany) after 15 minutes of Energy Consumption.Install one or more shall be connected to the draft hood outlet. operation. Ifthe water heater is equipped instruments which measure, as appropriate. For gas-fired water heaters having a with a gas appliance pressure regulator, the the quantity and rate of electrical energy horizontally discharging draft hood outlet, a regulator outlet pressure shall be set within and/or fossil fuel consumption in accordance 90 degree elbow having a diameter equal to ±10%ofthat recommended by the with section 3. the largest flue collar size ofthe draft hood manufacturer. For oil fired water heaters the

4.5. InternalStorage Tank Temperature shall be connected to the drafthood outlet. A fuel pump pressure shall be within ± 10% of Measurements.Install six temperature 5 foot length of vent pipe shall be connected the manufacturer's specified pump pressure. measurement sensors inside the water heater to the elbow and oriented to discharge All burners shall be adjusted to achieve an tank with a vertical distance ofat least four vertically upward. hourly Btu rating that is within ±2%ofthe inches between successive sensors.A Direct vent gas-fired water heaters shall be value specified by the manufacturer. Foran temperature sensor shall be positioned at the installed wth venting equipment specified in oil-fired water heater, adjust the burner to vertical midpoint of each ofthe six equal the manufacturer's instructions using the give a CO2 reading recommended by the volume nodes with the tank. Nodes designate minimum vertical and horizontal lengths of manufacturer and an hourly Btu rating that is the equal volumes used to evenly partition vent pipe recommended by the manufacturer. within ±2% of that specified by the the total volume ofthe tank. As much as is 4.9.3. HeatPump WaterHeaterStorage manufacturer. Smoke in the flue may not possible, the temperature sensor should be Tank.The tank to bhs used for testing a heat exceed No. 1smoke as measured by the positioned away from any heating elements, pump water heater without a tank supplied procedure in ASTM-D-215680. Gas- and oilanodic protective devices, tank walls, and by the manufacturer shall be an electric fired water instantaneous water heaters shall flue pipe walls. Ifthe tank cannot storage type water heater having a volume of have the burners adjusted to the accommodate six temperature sensors and 47.0 gallons

- 1gallon with an Energy Factor manufacture's maximum firing rate value. meet the installation requirements specified of0.87 ± .01 as determined in accordance 5.1.4.Firs HourRating Test. Establish above, install the maximum number of with section 6.1.7 with two 4.5 kW heating normal water heater operation with the
sensors which comply with the installation elements controlled in such a manner as to maximum mean tank temperature within the requirements. The temperature sensors shall prevent both elements from operating range specified in section 2.1.4. Begin the first be installed either through; (1)The anodic simultaneously. hour rating test after the thermostat has acted device opening; (2)the relief valve opening;
or (3)the hot water outlet. If installed through 5. TestProcedures to reduce the electrical power or fuel input to the water heater and the maximum storage the relief valve opening or the hot water 5.1. StorageTank and HeatPump Water he water heater and the maximum storage outlet, a tee fitting oroutlet piping, as Heaters. applicable, shall be installed as close as 5.1.1. Determination ofStorage Tank water heater incororate aheat-pump, wait possible to its original location. Ifthe hot Volume. Determine the storage capacity, V, until both the heat pump and electrical water outlet includes a heat trap, the heat of the water heater under test, in gallons, by heating element(s) have ceased to supply trap shall be installed on top ofthe tee fitting. subtracting the tare weight--measured while energy to the storage tank. Record the time, Added fittings shall be covered with thermal the tank is empty-from the gross weight of oil, gas and/or electrical meter readings as insulation having an Rvalue of 4 hr.ft 2 .'F/ the storage tank completely filled with water appropriate. Do not interrupt electrical power Btu. with all air eliminated and linepressure and/or fuel to the water heater. The rate of

4.6.Ambient Temperature.The ambient air applied as described in section 2.5. and water withdrawal shall be 3.00±0.25 gallons temperature shall be measured dividing the resulting net weight by the per minute. Draw and collect water approximately at the vertical mid-point ofthe density ofwater at the appropriate withdrawn from the water heater in a heater and approximately 2 feet from the temperature. suitable container for the purpose of surface ofthe water heater. The sensor shall 5.1.2. Settingthe Thermostat fora determining its weight at the conclusion of be shielded against radiation. ThermostaticallyOperatedWaterHeater. the test. During the draw record the inlet and

4.7. InletandOutlet WaterTemperature Starting with a tank ofsupply water, initiate outlet fluid temperature beginning 15 seconds Measurements.Install temperature sensors in normal operation of the water heater. After after the start and at every subsequent 5 the cold-water inlet pipe and hot-water outlet cutout, observe the mean tank temperature second interval throughout the duration of pipe as shown in Figures 1, 2, or3. as (based on the six temperature sensors) every each draw. Alternatively, a water meter may applicable. minute until the maximum value is observed. be usedto directly measure the volume of

4.8. Flow Control.A flow control valve Determine whether this maximum value of water withdrawn. Record the maximum shall be installed to provide flow as specified the mean tank temperature is within the outlet temperature which occurs during the within section 5. range o' 135'F _±5'F. Ifnot. turn offthe water draw as Tn. The withdrawal ofwater shall

4.9. FlueRequirements. heater, adjust the thermostat, and refill the continue until the outlet temperature drops to 4.9.1. Oil-FiredWaterHeaters.Establish a tank with supply water. Then. initiate normal a value 25'F below T,,., defined as T,,,, at draft at the flue collar as specified in the operation of the water heater, and once again which time the draw shall be terminated. manufacturer's literature. Establish the draft determine the maximum mean tank Record the average outlet temperature and by using a sufficient length of vent pipe temperature after cut-out. Repeat this mass removed as Td.I,, and Mi, respectively. If connected to the water heater flue outlet and sequence until the maximum mean tank the thermostat acts to reduce the supply of directed vertically upward. Foran oil-fired temperature after cut-out is within the range fuel to the main burner or electrical input to water heater having a horizontally of 135'F ±5'F.Ifa water heater has two the upper heating element ofa multiple discharging draft hood outlet, a 90degree thermostats, the thermostat which controls element electric water heater, or electrical elbow having a diameter equal to the largest the upper heating element shall be set first to input to a water heater having a single flue collar size of the draft hood shallbe yield a maximum water temperature of 135°F element or multiple elements which operate connected to the draft hood outlet. A length ±5'Fa&measured by the temperature tank simultaneously, before one hour has elapsed. of vent pipe sufficient to establishthe draft sensors above the upper heating element. The initiate a second draw. During the draw shall be connected t, the elbow fitting and thermostat which controls the lower heating record the outlet fluid temperatures beginning oriented to dscharge vertically upward. element shall then be set to yield a maximum 5seconds after initiating the draw and at Direct vent oil-fired water heaters should be mean tank temperature of 135'F ±5'F.For every subsequent 5second interval installed with venting equipment as specified heat pump water heaters, which control an throughout the duration ofeach draw until in the manufacturer's instructions, using the auxiliary resistance element, the thermostat the outlet temperature drops to T.mi, at which minimum vertical and horizontal lengths of shall be set in accordance with the time the draw is terminated. Record the vent pipe recommended by the manufacturer. manufacturer's installation instructions. average outlet temperatures as well as the

4.9.2. Gas-FiredWater Heaters.Establish a 5.1.3. PowerInput Determination. For all mass removed. Continue this sequence of natural draft in the following manner. For water heaters except electric types having events until one hour has elapsed. Ifa draw gas-fired water heaters having a vertically immersed heating elements and initiate is currently taking place, continue the draw discharging draft hood outlet, a 5 foot vertical normal operation and determine the power until the outlet temperature reaches Tim. and vent pipe extension having a diameter equal input, P.to the main burners (including pilot record the elasped time between the

S-051999 0012(00X16-OCT-90-14.03:19)
F4701.FMT...[16,301...7-08-88 

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations 42173

4.4. Fueland/orElectricalPowerand EnergyConsumption. Install one ormore instruments which measure. as appropriate. the quantity andrate ofelectrical energy and/orfossil fuel consumption in accordance with section 3.

4.S. InternalStorage Tank Temperature Measurements. Install six temperature measurement sensors inside the waterheater tank with a vertical distance ofat least four inches between successive sensors. A temperature sensor shall be positioned at the vertical midpoint ofeach ofthe six equal volume nodes with the tank. Nodes designate the equal volumes used to evenly partition the total volume ofthe tank. As much as is possible. thetemperature sensor should be positioned away from any heatin8 elements. anodic protective devices. tank walls. and flue pipe walls. Ifthe tank cannot accommodate six temperature sensors and meet the installationrequirements speCified above. install the maximum number of
sensors which comply with the installation' requirements. The temperature sensors shall be installed eitherthrough; (1) The anodic device opening; (Z) the reliefvalve opening;
or (3) the hot wateroutlet. Ifinstalled through the reliefvalve opening orthe hot water outlet. a tee fitting oroutlet piping. as applicable. shall be installed as close as possible to its original location. Ifthe hot waieroutlet includes a heat trap. the heat trap shall be installed on top ofthe tee fitting. Added fittings shall be covered with thermal

.insulationhaving an Rvalue of4hr·ft2.oF/ Btu.

4.6.Am'bient Temperoture. The ambient air temperature shall be measured .approximately at the vertical mid-point ofthe heater and approximately Zfeet from the surface ofthe waterheater.The sensor shall be shielded against radiation.

4.7. Inlet andOutlet Water Temperature Measurements. Install temperature sensors in the cold-water inlet pipe and hot-water outlet pipe as shown in Figures 1. Z. or3. as applicable.

4.8. Flow Control. A flow control valve shall be installed to provide flow as specified within section S.

4,9. Flue Requirements. 4.9.1. Oil-Fired WaterHeaters. Establish a draft at the flue collar as specified in the manufacturer's literature. Establish the draft by using a sufficient length ofvent pipe connected to the waterheater flue outlet and directed vertically upward. For an oil-fired waterheaterhaving a hOrizontally discharging draft hood outlet. a 90 degree elbow having a diameterequal to the largest flue collar size ofthe draft hood shall be connected to the draft hood outlet. A length ofvent pipe sufficient to establish the draft shall be connected .1., the elbow fitting and oriented to d.scharge vertically upward. Direct vent oil-fired waterheaten should be installed with venting equipment as speCified in the manufactUrer's instructions. using the minimum vertical and horizontal lengths of vent pipe recommended by the manufacturer.

4.9.Z. Gas-Fired WaterHeaters. Establish a natural draft in the following manner. For gas-fired waterheatenhaving a vertically discharging draft hood outlet. a Sfoot vertical vent pipe extension having 8 diameter equal**~51999** 0012(OOXl6-OCT -9()..14:O3:19) to the largest flue collar size ofthe draft hood shall be connected to the draft hood outlet. For gas-fired waterheaters having a horizontally discharging draft hood outlet. a 90 degree elbowhaving a diameterequal to the largest flue collar size ofthe draft hood shall be connected to the draft hood outlet. A Sfoot length ofventpipe shall be connected to the elbow and oriented to discharge vertically upward.

Direct ventgas-fired waterheaten shall be installed wth venting equipment speCified in the manufacturer's instructions using the mhumum vertical and horizontal lengths of ventpipe recommended by the manufacturer.

4.9.3. HeatPump WaterHeaterStol"fl6e Tank. The tank to

# "'3 used for testing a heat pump waterheater without a tank supplied by the manufacturer shall be an electric storage type waterheater having a volume of 47.0 gallons ± 1gallon with anEnergy Factor of0.87 ± .01 as determined in accordance with section 6.1.7 with two 4.S kW heating elements controlled insuch a manner as to prevent both elements from operating simultaneously.**~** TestProcedures

S.l. Storage Tank andHeatPump Water Heaters.

.

S,l.l. Determination of Storage Tank Volume. Determine the storage capacity. V It. ofthe waterheaterunder test. in gallons. by subtracting the tare weight-measured while the tank is empty-from the gross weight of the storage tankcompletely filled with water with all aireliminated and line pressure applied as described in section 2.S. and dividing the resulting net weight by the density ofwater at the appropriate temperature.

S.1.2. Setting the Thermostatfor a Thermostatically Operated WaterHeater. Starting with a tank ofsupply water. initiate normal operation ofthe water heater. After cutout. observe the mean tank temperature (based on the six temperature sensors) every minute until the maximum value is observed. Determine whether this maximum value of the mean tank temperature is within the range 0'13SoF ±soF. Ifnot. tum offthe water' .heater. adjust the thermostat. and refill the tank with supply water. Then. initiate normal operation ofthe waterheater. and once again determine the maximum mean tank temperature after cut-out. Repeat this sequence until the maximum mean tank temperature aftercut-out is within the range of13SOF ±S'F.1fa waterheaterhas two thermostats. the thermostat which controls the upper heating element shall be set first to yield a maximum watertemperature of13SOF ±S'Falomeasured by the temperature tank
sensors above the upper heating element. The thermostat which controls the lower heating element shall then be set to yield a maximum
mean tank temperature of 13S'F ±S·F. For heat pump waterheaten. which control an auxiliary resistance element. the thermostat shall be set in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.

S.1.3. PowerInput Determination. For all waterheatenexcept electric types having immened heating elements and initiate normal operation and determine the power input. P. to the main burnen (including pilot



### F4701.FMT

...r16.30J

...7-08-88 light power. ifany) after 1S minutes of operation. Ifthe waterheater is equipped with a gas appliance pressure regulator, the regulator outlet pressure shall be set within ±109!i ofthat recommended by the manufacturer. For oil fired waterheaters the fuel pump pressure shall be within ±10% of the manufacturer's specified pump pressure. All burnen shall be adjusted to achieve an hourly Btu rating that is within ±Z% ofthe value specified by the manufacturer. For an oil-fired waterheater. adjust the burner to give a C(h reading recommended by the manufacturer and anhourly Btu rating that is within ±Z% ofthat specified by the manufacturer. Smoke in the flue may not exceedNo.1 smoke as measured by the procedure in ASTM-0-2156-80. Gas- and oilfired waterinstantaneous waterheaters shall have the burnersadjusted to the manufacture's maximum firing rate value.

S.1.4. FirstHourRating Test. Establish normal waterheateroperation with the maximum mean tank temperature within the range specified in section Z.1.4. Begin the first hour rating test after the thermostat has acted to reduce the electrical power or fuel input to the waterheater arid the maximum storage tank temperature has been achieved. Ifthe waterheater incorporates a heat-pump. wait until both the heat pump and electrical heating element(s) have ceased to supply energy to the storage tank. Record the time. oil. gas and/orelectrical meterreadings 88 appropriate. Do not interrupt electrical power and/orfuel to the water heater. The rate of waterwithdrawal shall be 3.00±O.ZS gallons perminute. Draw and collect water ' withdrawn from the waterheater in a suitable containerfor the purpose of determining its weight at the conclusion of the test. During the draw record the inlet and outlet fluid temperature beginning lS seconds after the start and at every subsequent S second interval throughout the duration of each draw. Alternatively. a watermetermay be used to directly measure the volume of waterwithdrawn. Record the maximum outlet temperature which occurs during the draw as T

...... The withdrawal ofwater shall continue until the outlet temperature drops to
a value 2S'F below T

...... defined as T

...... at which time the draw shall be terminated. Record the**~verage** outlet temperature and

mass removed as Tdot.l and M" respectively. If the thermostat acts to reduce the supply of fuel to the main burner or electrical input to the upperbeating element ofa multiple element electric water heater. orelectrical input to a water heater having a single element or multiple elements which operate simultaneously, before one hour has elapsed. initiate a second draw. During the draw record the outlet fluid temperatures beginning :S sl!conds after initiating the draw and at livery subsequent Ssecond interval throughout the duration ofeach draw until the outlet temperature drops to T

..... at which time the draw is terminated. Record the average outlet temperatures as well as the
mass removed. Continue this sequence of events until one hoUr has elapsed. Ifa draw is currently taking place. continue the draw until the outlet temperature reaches T

...D • and record the elasped lime between the

## 42174 Federal Register 

# / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations

previously recorded time, at the beginning of Tu,, and the energy consumed. Q, for oil, as appropriate. Donot interrupt electrical or the first draw, and the termination ofthis gas. and heat pump waterheaters including

· fuel to the water heater. Draw and collect final draw as ,m Ifa draw is not taking place auxiliary energy such as pilot lights, pumps. water withdrawn from the water heater. at the end of one hour. wait until the fans, etc. For heat pump water heaters Q, is while recording the inlet and outlet fluid thermostat acts to reduce the supply of fuel to the sum of the energy consumed by the heat temperatures beginning 15 seconds after the the main burner or electrical input to the pump and the electrical heating elements(s). draw is initiated and at every subsequent 5 upperheating element ofa multiple element At the end of-the recovery period following second interval throughout the duration of electric water heater, or electrical input to a the sixth draw, record the total electric and/ the draw in a suitable container for the water heater having a single element or or fuel energy consumption. Qn. and the purpose ofdetermining its weight at the multiple elements which operate scale reading or the meter reading, as conclusion of the tet. Alternatively,a water simultaneously, to initiate the final draw. appropriate. If a water scale is used.conclusion of the test. Alternatively, a water During the final draw. recordthe outlet fluid determine the netweight ofthe watermeter may be used to directy measure the temperature beginning 15 seconds after withdrawn, Mmt inpounds. Record thevalue ofwater withdrawn. At the end of one initiating the draw and at every subsequent 5 maximum value ofthe mean tank hourterminate the draw. Determine the mass second intervals throughout the duration of temperature after cutout as T',. Except as ofwaterwithdrawn. Mn... in pounds, orthe the draw until the outlet temperature drops to

-noted below, allow thq water heater to volume ofwaterwithdrawn. Vo.,in gallons T,w. at which time the draw is terminated. remain in the standby mode until 24 hours with an error no greater than 2percent. Record the elasped time between the have elapsed from the start of the test., =0. 5.2.4. 24HourSimulatedUse Test previously recorded time,at thebeginning of Prevent the water heater from beginning a the first draw, and the termination of the final recovery cycle during the last hour ofthe test 5.2.4.1. FixedInput Instantaneous Water draw as m,. In either case, record the outlet byturning offthe electric power to the Heaters.Establish normal operation with the temperatures and the mass removed during electrical heating elements and heat pump, if discharge watertemperature and flow rate the final draw. present, or by turning down the fuel supply to set to values of 135T ± 5F andV,,

5.1.5. 24HourSimulatedUse Test.During the main burner at an elapsed time of23

. respectively. Record the oil, gas, and the simulated use test, a total of 64.3 gallons hours. Ifa recovery is taking place at an electrical energy measurements, as are removed. With the water heater turned elapsed time of23 hours, wait until the appropriate. Begin the 24hour simulated use off. fill the water heater with supply water recovery is complete before reducing the test by drawing an amount of water out ofthe and apply pressure as described in section electrical and/or fuel supply to the water water heater equivalent to one-sixth of the 2.1.5. Turn on the water heater and heater. At 24 hours, record the mean tank daily not water usage. 64.3 gallons. At associated heat pump unit, ifpresent. Wait temperature. T'4. and the electric and/or fuel elapsed time intervals ofone. two. three, four. until cutout occurs at 135'F ±5'F, as instrument readings. Determine the total and five hours from r=0, initiate additional specified in section 2.1.4. After the cutout energy consumption during the entire 24 hour draws removing an amount of water occurs, measure the mean tank temperature simulated use test. Q. Record the time equivalent to one-sixth of64.3 gallons, with using the temperature sensors described in interval between the time at which thethe maximum allowable deviation forany section 4.5 every minute until the maximum maximum mean tank temperature is observed singledraw being

.. gallons.The quantity
mean storage tank temperature is achieved. after the sixth draw and the end of the 24 d ofwater drawn duringthe sixth drawshall The water heater may be operated through up hour test as ,,t,;. Record the time during of waterdrawn dung the shah to three successive cycles ofdrawing 10 which water was not being withdrawn from be increased ordecreased a necessary such gallons per draw. permitting recoverythe water heater duringthat the total volume of water withdrawn between each draw, prior to the start of the shall be equal to 64.3±1.0 gallons. test. Record at thistime (designated as ,=O), Measurements ofthe inlet and outlet water the mean tank temperature (.),. and the oil, 5.2 InstantaneousWaterHeaters beginning 15 gas. and electrical energy measurements as

. seconds after the draw is initiated and at appropriate. Begin the 24 hour simulated use

. ettingthe utleevery 5 second interval throughout the test by drawing an amount ofwater out of the Temperature.Initiate normal operation of the duration of the draw. The arithmetic mean of water heater equivalent to one-sixth ofthe water heater at the full input rating. Monitor the hot water discharge temperature and the water heater equivalent to one-sixth ofthet to a daily hot water usage. 64.3gallons. Record the dischargeTan t cold water inlet temperature shall be value of 135°F ± 5'F in accordance with the the average storage tank and ambient anufacer's instructions. fthewater determined for each draw. Record the scale temperature every 15 minutes throughout the heater is notcapable of providing 3.00 0.25 wor meter reading, as appropriate, after each 24 hour simulated use testunless recovery orndraw' At the end ofthe recovery period a draw is occurring. At elapsed time interrals gallons perminute then adjustthe flow rate aofone, two, three, four and five hours from as necessary to achieve the specified following the first draw. record the energy of one. two, three four and five hours from discharge water temperature. Record the consumed. Q. Allow the water heater to ,=0), initiate additional draws removing an corresponding flow rate as V. If the remain in the standby mode until exactly 24 amount of water equivalent to on-sixth of instantaneous water heater incorporates a hours have elapsed from the start ofthe test, 64.3 gallons,with the maximum allowable 'controller which permits continous burner r=0.At 24 hours, record the electric and/or deviation for any single draw being ±0.5 operation at a reduced input rate. adjust the fuel instrument readings. Determine the gallons. The quantity ofwater drawn during flow rate as necessary to achieve a discharge energy consumption during the entire 24 hour the sixth draw shall be increased orsimulated use test. Q. water temperature of 135' ± 5'Fwhile simulated use test. Q. decreased as necessary such that the total maintaining the minimum input rate. Record 5.2.4.2. VariableInputInstantaneous Water volume ofwater withdrawn shall be equal to the corresponding flow rate. V,.Ifan outlet Heaters.Ifthe instantaneous water heater

64.3 g ullons. t temperature of1357 ± 5'F cannot be incorporates a controller which permits All draws during the simulated use test are, achieved at the minimum allowable flow rate continuous burner operation at a reduced to be made at flow rates of3.0±0.25 gaLons permitted by the instantaneous water heater, input rate. the first three draws shall be perminute. M easurem ents ofthe inlet and record the flow rate as V., and the outlet conducted using the maximum flow rate. ouscrt tompratueres shall be made nitiated temperature as T,,. V,. while removing an amount ofwater 15 seconds after the drawis initiated and at every subsequent 5 second interval 5.2.2. Power InputDeterminati,;'. For oil equivalent to one-sixth of64.3 gallons, with throughout the duration of each draw. The and gas flow actuated water heaters. adjust the maximum allowable deviation for an) airithmetic mean ofthe hot water discharge the burners to the maximum firing rate value one of the three draws being ± 0.5 gallons. temperature and the cold water inlet specified by the manufacturer. The second three draws shall be conducted temperature shall be determined for each 5.2.3. FirstHour Rating Testfor at V,. If an outlet temperature of 135° ± 5T draw. Record the scale or meter reading, as InstantaneousWaterHeaters. Establish could not be achieved at the minimum flow appropriate, after each draw. At the end of normal heater operation at the maximum rate permitted by the instantaneous water the recovery period following the first draw, input rate with the discharge water heater, the last three draws should be record the maximum mean tank temperature temperature set in accordance with section lengthened such that the volume removed is observed after cut-out. 5.2.1. Record the time. oil. and/or gas meters equivalent to

S-051999 0013(00X16-OCT-90-1403:24) 

## F4701.FMT...[16,30]...7-08-88 42174' Federal Register / Vol. 55; No. 201 / Wednesday. October 17. 1990 / Rules and Regulations

previouslyrecorded time. althebeginning of the first draw. and the termination ofthis fmal draw as f'Ibr Ifa draw is not taking place at the end ofODe hour. waituntil the thermostat acts to reduce the supply offuel to the main burneror electrical inputto the upperheating element ofa multiple element electric waterheater. orelectrical input to a waterheaterhaving a single element or multiple elements which operate Simultaneously. to initiate thefinal draw., Duringthe final draw. record the outletfluid temperature beginning 15 seconds after initiating thedraw andatevery subsequent5 second intervals throughout the duration of the drawuntil the outlet temperature drops to T_. atwhich time the drawis terminated. Record the elasped time between the previously recorded time. atthebeginning of the first draw. and the termination ofthe final draw

### as f'Ibr Ineithefcase. record the outlet ,temperatures and the mass removed during the final draw.

5.1.5.24HourSimulated Use Test., During the simulateduse test. a total of64.3 gallons
are removed. With the waterheaterturned off. fill the waterheaterwith supplywater andapply pressure as describedin section 2.1.5. Turnon the waterheaterand associatedheat pump unit. ifpresent. Wait until cutout occurs at 13S'F ±S·F. as specified in section 2.1.4. After the cutout
occurs. measure the mean tank temperature,

,using the temperature sensors d!!scribed in section4.5 everyminute until the maximum

mean storage tank temperature is achieved. The waterheatermaybe operated through up to three successive cycles ofdrawing 10 gallons perdraw. permitting recovery betweeneachdraw. priorto the startofthe test. Record atthis ti,'me (des,!pated as .=0). the mean tank temperature (To). and the oil. gas. andelectricalenergymeasurements'as appropriate. Begin the

### 24 hour simulated use test by drawing anamount ofwaterout ofthe waterheaterequivalent to one-sixth ofthe, daily hot waterusage. 64.3 gallons. Record the average storage tank and ambient temp!!rature every 15 minutes throughout the 24 hour simulated use testunlessrecovery or a drawis occurring. Atelapsed time intenals ofone. two. three. four andfive hours from .=0). initiate additional draws removing an amount ofwaterequivalent to one-sixth of 64.3 gallons. with the maximum allowable deviation for any single draw being±O.S gallons. The quantity ofwaterdrawnduring the sixth draw shall be increased or decreased as necessary such that the total volume ofwaterwithdrawn shall be equal to 64.3±1.0 gallons. '

All draws during the simulated use test are, to be made at flow rates of3.0±0.25 ga);.ons per minute. Measurements ofthe inlet and

, outJ"t temperatures shall be made 

### besinnins

15 seconda after the draw is initiated and at every subsequent 5 second interval throughout theduration ofeach draw. The airithmetic mean of the hot water diacharae temperature and the cold water inlet temperature shall be determined for each draw. Record the scale or meter reading. as appropriate. aftereach draw. At the end of the recovery period following the first draw. record the maximum mean tank temperature observed after cut-out.'
, 5-051999, 0013(OOXI6-OCT-90-14:03:24) T

.......10 and the energy consumed.Qrfor oil. gas. andheat pump waterheaters including auxiliary energy such as pilot lights. pumps. fans. etc. For heatpump waterheaters Q

.. is the sum ofthe energy consumed by theheat pump andthe electrical heatingelements(s).

At the endofthe recoveryperiod follOWing the sixth draw. record the total electric and/

orfuel energyconsumption. Q... and the scalereading orthe meterreading. as appropriate. Ifa waterscaleis used. determinethe net weight ofthewater withdrawn. Mnm in pounda. Record the maximum value ofthe mean tank tem;J8rature aftercutout as

### T

....**Ex~pt** as

,noted below. allowth,waterheaterto relJl8in in the standby modE! until 24 hours, ' hUt! elapsedfrom the startofthe test. t =0. Preventthe waterheaterfrom beginning a recoverycycle during the last hour ofthe test by turning offthe electricpowerto the

,electrical heating elements and heat pump. if present. orby turningdownthe fuel supply to the main burnerat an elapsed time of23, hours. Ifa recovery is taking place at an elapsed time of23 hours. wait until the recoveryis complete before reducing the electrical and/orfuel supplyto, the water heater. At 24 hours. record the mean tank temperature.

### 'rIO. and the electric and/orfuel instrumentreadings. Determine the total energyconsumption during the entire 24 hour simulated use test. Q. Record the time interval between the time at which the maximum mean tank temperature is observed afterthe sixth draw and the end ofthe 24 hour test as .ot_;,; Record the time during which waterwas not being withdrawn from the waterheaterduring the entire 24 hoUr period as T 

# _.2.

5.2Instantaneous WpterHeaters

5.2.1. Setting,the OutletDischarge
, Temperature. Initiate normal operation ofthe waterheaterat the full inputrating. Monitor the discharae water temperature and set to a value of 13S'F ± S'F in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Ifthe water heateris not capable ofproViding 3.00 ± 0.25 gallons perminute then adjust theflow rate
asnecessary to achieve the specified discharae water temperature. Record the corresponding flow rate as V

..... Ifthe instantaneous waterheater incorporates a 'controllerwhich permits continous burner operation at a reduced inputrate. adjust the flow rate as necessary to achieve a discharae watertemperature of 135' ± 5°F while maintaining the minimum input rate. Record the corresponding flow rate. V_. Ifan outlet temperature of 135' ± sop cannot be
, achieved at the minimum allowable flow rate peimiuedby the instantaneous waterheater. recordthe flow rate as V_and the outlet temperature asT_.

5.2.2. PowerInputDeterminatiL;'.**P~r** oil andgas flow actuated water heaters. adjust the burners to the maximum firing rate value specified by the manufacturer.

5.2.3. FirstHourRating Testfor Instantaneous·WaterHeoters. Establish normal heateroperation at the maximum input rate with the discharae water temperature set in accordance with section 5.2.1; Record the time. oil; and/orgas meters



### F4701.FMT:

..[16.30)

...7-D8-88 as appropriate. Do not interrupt electrical or fuel to the waterheater. Ora", and collect waterwithdrawn from·the waterheater. while recording the inlet andoutlet fluid temperatures beginning 15 seconds after,the draw is initiated and atevery subs!!quent 5 second interval throughout the duration of the draw ina suitable containerfor the purpose ofdeterminingits weight afthe conclusion ofthe test. Alternatively. a**w~ter**
·metermay beused to directly meas·ure the value ofwaterwithdrawn.Attheendofone hour terminate the draw. Determine the.mass ofwaterwithdrawn.Mnu:. in pounds. orthe volume ofwaterwithdrawn.

# Vra.. in gallons with an.errorno greater,than 2percent.
5.2.4. 24HourSimulated Use Test

5.2.4.1. FixedlnputInstpntaneous Water Heaters. Establish normal operation with the discharae water,temperature and flow rate set to values of13S'F ± S'F and V_. respectively. Record the oil.'gas. and electrical energy measurements. as

·appropriate. Begin the 24 hour simulateduse testbydrawing anamount ofwaterout ofthe waterheaterequivalent to one-sixth ofthe daily not waterusage. 64.3 gallons. At elapsed time intervals ofone. two. three. four. and five hours from T=O. initiate additional

· draws removing an amount ofwater equivalent to one-sixth of64.3 gallons. with the maximum allowabledeviation for any single draw being ±o.sgallons. The quantity ofwaterdrawn during the sixth drawshall be increased or,decreased as necessary such that the total volume ofwaterwithdrawn shall be equal to 64.3±1.0gallons; Measurements ofthe inlet andoutletwater temperatures shall be madebeginning 15 seconds after the draw is initiated and at every 5 second interval throughout the duration ofthe draw. The arithmetic mean of ' the hot waterdischarge temperature and the cold waterinlet temperature shall be determined for each draw. Reconfthe scale

or meterreading. asappropriate. after each draw. At the end oltherecovery period following the first draw. record the energy consumed. QrAllow the waterheaterto remain in the standby mode until exactly 24 hours haveelapsedfrom the start ofthe test. T=O. At 24 hours. record the electric and/or fuel instrument readings. Determine the energy consumption during the entire 24 hour simulated use test. Q.

5.2.4.2. Variable InputInstantaneous Water Heaters. Ifthe instantaneous waterheater incorporates B controller which permits continuous burneroperation at a reduced input rate. the first three draws shall be conducted uiing the maximum flow rate. V

..... while removing an amount ofwater equivalent to one-sixth of64.3 gallons. with the maximum allowabledeviation for**an~** one ofthe three draws being ± 0.5 gallOn!. The second three draws shall be conducted at V_. Ifan outlet temperature of 135° ± Sop could not be·achieved at the minimum flow ratepermitted by the instantaneous water heater. the lastthree draws should be lengthened such that the volume removed is equivalent to

### Federal Register /Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 19g0 / Rules and Regulations 42175

64.3 T 77-F where M 1represents the mass removed T, is the maximum mean tank temperature V4 s.6

- during the ith draw ofthe firsthour recorded prior to the first draw. 'F 6 Tm.,-58-F rating test, ibm and Q, is the total energy used by the water Td.,.i isthe average delivery temperature for heater between cutout prior to the first the ith draw which occurred during the draw and cutout following the first draw. first hour rating test, 'F including auxiliary energy such as pilot with the elasped time recorded lights,pumps, fans, etc., Btu. (Electrical any one ofthe qathreeo draws being + 05n during the first hour rating test,minutes auxiliary energy shall be converted to gallons.Thequantity ofwater drawn during oT., is the average inlet temperature for the thermal energy using the following the sixth draw shallbe increasedor decreased as necessay su ca o ith draw which occurred during the first conversion: kWh = 3412.7 Btu.) decreased as necessary such that the total hour rating test. 'F covery efficiency for electric water volume of water withdrawn shallbe equal to rresen The reesety effiiensity for electric water 32.15 + 3'V4 .. _.+1.0 gallons. Measurements average delivery temperature, Ibm/gal heaters with immersed heating elements is of the inlet and outlet water temperatures and n represents the number ofdraws which assumed to be 98percent. shall be made beginning 15 seconds after the occur during the test Ifa water meter is 6.1.4. HourlyStandbyLosses.The hourly draw is initiated and at every 5 second used in lieu ofa scale, the first hour standby losses are computed as interval throughout the duration ofthe draw.t Determine the arithmetic mean ofthe hot ra is water discharge temperature and the cold water inlet temperature for each draw. 60 n Vt(tl,.i-T.. } Q.r = Qw

_ MCpT2-T J / 

### 4b4. Record the scale or meter reading.'as Fhr=

- I appropriate, after each draw. At the end of rni i= 77'F the recovery period following the first draw. record the energy consumption. Qr. m. where Qhr is the hourly standby energy losses Record the energy consumed priorto the where V, represents the volume removed ofthe water heater, Btu/hr fourth draw and at the end of the recovery during the ith draw of the first hour Q,, is the total energy consumer by the period following the fourth draw, Q,. m. rating test, gal water heater between the time at which

Allow the water heater to remain in the 6.1.3 RecoveryEfficiency. The recovery the maximum mean tank temperature is standby mode until exactly 24 hours have efficiency for gas, oil, and heat pump storage observed after the sixth draw and the elapsed from the start ofthe test, r=0.At 24 type water heaters is computed as end of the 24 hour test period, Btu hours. record the electric and/or fuel M is the mass of the water within the storage instrument readings. Determine the energy tank, Ibm consumption during the entire 24 hours MiC,{(Td. 1 -T

1 ,

## in. C, is the specific heat of water at the average simulated use test, Q.

- temperature (T2 + T,J/2, Btu/lbm 'F 6 Computations Q, T24 is the mean tank temperature at the end 6.

- 

## ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Computations Q~ ,of the 24 hour test period, 'F 6.1 Storage Tank WaterHeaters. T., is the maximum mean tank temperature 6.1.1. Storage Tank Capacity.The storage observed after the sixth draw. 'F tank capacity is computed using the following-v and r,t,,l is the elapsed time between the following-- v.pV,tpC{(Tmu.-To) time at which the maximum mean tank Vt- =(W,-Wt)/p + temperature is observed after the sixth where V, is the storage capacity of the water Qr draw and the end of the 24 hour test heater, gallons period, hours W,is the weight of the storage tank The standby heat loss coefficient for the completely filled with water. ibm where M 1 is the mass withdrawn during the tank is computed as- W, is the tare weight ofthe empty storage first draw. Ibm tank. Ibm p is the density ofwater at the appropriate C, 1 is the specific heat ofwater at the temperature. Ibm/gal. average temperature (T.d,, +T 1 ,.,)/2.btu/ UA = Q" 6.1.2. First Hour Rating Computation. Ibm F

.. tb-

.. itb Compute-the first hourrating as Tee., is the average delivery temperature for the first draw. '*F fwhere T,.., is the average storage tank 60 n MI(Td.I. .- T. T is the average inlet temperature for the teperature between the time at which

_0 n_ - ----------T

_ Ifirst draw 'F the maximum mean tank temperature is Fh, = r, ' p(135'F-58'F) V,, is the storage tank capacity, gal observed after the sixth draw and the i=l p is the density of water at the average end of the 24 hour test period. 'F temperature (T., +T.)/2. Ibm/gal T.,..>, is the average ambient temperature Which may be expressed as C 1 is the specific heat ofwater at the between the time at which the maximum average temperature (TT., +T.)/2. Btu/ mean tank temperature is observed after Ibm 'F the sixth draw and the end ofthe 24 hour 60 n Mi(Tj.. i-T'.,) T.., is the maximum mean tank test period. 'F pFh = I I p(77'F) temperature recorded after cutout and UA it ;he standby heat loss coefficient of Fi,

= i= following the first draw, 'F the storage tank.

S-051999 0014(00)(16-OCT-90-14:03:28)
F4701.FMT...[16,301...7-08-88 ;, -

.**~**..



### Federal Register / 

### Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 

## I Rdes and Regulations. 42175

V

•.•.6**~** 64
6 .3 ,[

__ 77_'_F

__]
TmID-58'F

with the maximun allowable definition for anyone ofthe three draws being ± 0.5 gallons. The quantity ofwaterdrawn during the sixth draw shall be increased or decreased as necessary such that the total volume ofwaterwithdrawn shall be equal to 32.15 

### + 3'Vu .•±1.0gallons. Measurements ofthe inlet and outlet water temperatures shall be made beginning 15 seconds after the draw is initiated and at every 5 second interval throughout the duration ofthe draw. Determine the arithmetic mean ofthe hot waterdischarge temperature and the cold water inlet temperature for each draw. Record the scale or meter reading,'as appropriate. after each draw. At the end of the recovery period following the first draw, record the energy consumption. Qr

...... Record the energy consumed prior to the fourth draw and at the end ofthe recovery period following the fourth draw. Qr.mln'

Allow the waterheater to remain in the standby mode until exactly 24 hours have elapsed from the start ofthe test. T=O. AI 24 ,hours. record the electric and/or fuel

.instrument readings. Determine the energy consumption during the entire 24 hours simulated use test. Q, 6. Computations

6.1 Storage Tank WaterHeaters. 6.1.1. Storage Tank Capacity, The storage tank capacity is computed using thefollowingV

...= (W,-Wll/p where V'l is the storage capacity ofthe water heater. gallons Wris the weight ofthe storage tank completely filled with water, 1bm W, is the tare weight ofthe empty storage tank.1bm p is the density ofwater at the appropriate temperature.1bm/gal. 6.1.2. First Hour Rating Computation. Compute.the first hour rating as

60
Tlbr n I i=l p(135°F

- 56'F)

Which may be expressed as**S~51999** 60
Tlbr n I i=l p(77'F)

0014(00)( 16-OCT -90-14:03:28) whereMI represents the mass removed diJring the ith draw ofthe first hour rating test. 1bm Tdel. Iis the average delivery temperature for the ith draw which occurred during the first hour rating test. OF

. Tlbr represents the elasped time recorded diJring the first hourrating test, minutes 

### l'

1a.1 is the average inlet temperature for the

ith draw which occurred diJring the first hourrating test. OF prepresents the density ofwaterat the average delivery temperature. Ibm/gal 'and n represents the number ofdraws which

occur during the test Ifa watermeteris used in lieu ofa scale. the first hour rating is

60 n VI(Tdel.l-

### T ln

.l ) Fhr=

__ .I

TIb. i= 1 77'F

where VI represents the volume removed during the ith draw ofthe first hour rating test. gal 6.1.3 RecoveryEfficiency. The recovery effiCiency for gas. oil. and heat pump storage type water heaters is computed ali

'l'/r M.Cp.

### (1'del.1

- 

### TID

. .) 

### Q.**V,lP~(Tmu**.• -To) 

# +----'--------

where M. is the mass withdrawn during the first draw. Ibm Cp ' is the specific heat of water at the average temperature (Tdel

.1

### +Tln

..)/2. btu/ Ibm 'F 1'.,., is the average delivery temperature for the first draw. 'F 

### t,n.• is the average inlet temperature for the first draw. OF V" is the storage tank capacity. gal' p is the density ofwater at the average temperature (T...,..I 

### +1'01/2. Ibm/gal C", is the specific heat ofwaterat the average temperature (T...,..• 

### +To)/2.Btu/ Ibm 'F

. T

.....1 is the maximum mean tank temperature recorded aftercutout following the first draw. OF



### F4701.FMT

...r16.301

...7-08-88 

## to is the maximum mean tanktemperature recorded prior to the first draw. OF and Qr is the total energy used by the water heater between'cutout prior to the first draw and cutout following the first draw. including auxiliary energy such as pilot lights. pumps. fans. etc.• Btu. (Electrical auxiliary energy shall be converted to thermal energy using the following conversion: 1kWh = 3412.76 Btu.) The recovery efficiency for electric water heaters with immersed heating elements is assumed to be 98 percent.

6.1.4. HourlyStandbyLosses. The hourly standby losses are computed as

where Qhr is the hourly standby energy losses ofthe waterheater. Btu/hr Q.l'" is the total energy consumer by the waterheater between the time at which

,the maximum mean lank temperature is observed after the'sixth draw and the end ofthe 24 hour test period. Btu Mis the mass ofthe water within the storage tank. Ibm C. is the specific heat ofwater at the average temperature (t2' 

### + 1'••)/2. Btu/Ibm 'F 1'24 is the mean tank temperature at the end ofthe 24 hour test period. OF 1'

•• is the maximum mean tank temperature observed after the sixth draw. OF and T.l

....1 is the elapsed time between the time at which the maximum mean tank temperature is observed after the sixth draw and the end ofthe 24 hour test period. hours The standby heatloss coefficient for the tank is computed as

### VA

where 

### 1'

....... is the average storage tank temperature between the time at which the maximum mean tank temperature is observed after the sixth draw and the end of the 24'hour test period. 'F

_

1'

....... is the average ambient temperature between the time at which the maximum
mean tanktemperature is observed after the sixth draw and the end ofthe 24 hour test period. 'F and VA it .he standby heat loss coefficient of the storage tank.

### 42176 Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations

BT8U 6 T is the average inlet temperature. 'F hr--. -'FQ~

_ 2 MIC, 1 (T,.I 1- Tins.,) andp represents the density of water at the h r "F Q"R -, *»; ' average delivery temperature, Ibm/gal Ifa water meter is used in lieu of a scale 6.1.5. Daily Water Heating Energy the first hourrating is computed as- Consumption. The daily water heating energy where MI is the mass withdrawn for the ith consumption. Qd is computed as draw (i=1 to



### . Ibm-Tn C,, is the specific heat ofwater, Btu/lbm 'F

The energy required'to heat the same 77'F -CPMt-fo) quantity ofwater over a 77 'F Qd=Q

- --- temperature rise,,Btuper day,is 1t where V represents the volume of water removed during the one hour continuous
where Qis the total energy used by the water 6 M C, (135 F -58 )draw gal heater during the 24 hours simulated use Q

. test including auxiliary energy such as i1 6.2.2.RecoveryEfficiency pilot lights, pumps' fans,etc., Btu

pilot lights, pumps. fans,etc.. Btu 6.2.2.1. FixedInputInstantaneous, Water C, is the specific heat °ofwater at the average The difference between these two values Heaters.The recovery efficiency is computed temperature (T{,i+T.)/2. Btu/lbm F is- as M is the mass ofwater within the storge tank, Ibm QMrI =Qiw.-n-QHW T24 is the average tank temperature at the which must be added to the adjusted daily

_ conclusion ofthe 24 hours simulated use water heating energy consumption value. 1= MiCpl(TdeI.l-T,. I) test, 'F Thus, the daily energy consumption value To is the average tank temperature at the which takes into account that the

- Q beginning ofthe 24 hours simulated use temperature difference between the storage test, recorded one minute before the first tank and ambient temperature may not be where Mi is the mass withdrawn during the draw is initiated 'F 67.5'F and the temperature rise across the first draw Ibm and 71, is the recovery efficiency ofthe hot storage tank may not be 77'-F C is-s the specific heat ofwater at the water heater, dimensionless. average temperature (Td.i.1 + 1,i.i)/2, 6.1.6. AdjustedDaily WaterHeating Qdm=Qd.+QHW m Btu/lbm'F EnergyConsumption.The adjusted daily 6.1.7. Energy Factor. The energy factor, EF Ti., is the average delivery temperature for water heating energy consumption, Qd. takes is computed as- the first draw 'F into account that the temperature difference T, is the average inlet temperature for the between the storage tank and surrounding8 first draw' ambient temperature may not be the nominal ' 6 MC.4135'F-58'F) first draw, 'F ambient temperature may not be the nominal Ef

- - I and Q, is the total energy used by the water value of67.5'F (135'F

- 67.5'F) due to the i andheater between cutout prior to the first 10'F allowable variation in storage tank Qd 10te allowablre.va5r-a- niand sthrae tak 

## ~draw and cutout following the first draw, temperature. 135 ± 5'F, and the 5'Fincluding auxiliary eney such as pilot allowable variation in surrounding ambient including auxiliary energy such as pilot 

## ~~~~~~allowable van~ation in surrounding ambientlights, pumps, fans, etc., Btu temperature 65'F to 70'F.The adjusted daily where Qd, is the modified daily water, pumps, ans etc. Btu water heating energy consumption is heating energy consumption as computed 6.2.2.2. Variable InputInstantaneousWater computed as in accordance with Section 6.1.6, Btu Heaters 6.1.8.AnnualEnergy Consumption For instantaneous water heaters which Qda= Qd-t(Ttbs -Tsi..W·J- haAe a variable firing rate, two recovery The annual energy consumption for storage 

### have a va Theanntialenergyconsumptionforstorage efficiency values are computed, one at the (135'F-67.5-F)]UA7,,, -, type and heat pump water heaters is efficiency values are computed, one at the icomputed as- «»»-«'.yimaximum input rate and one at the minimum computed as- where.Qd, is the adjusted daily water heating -- 365input rate. The recovery efficiency used in -consumpdtion, i Btu wt hEn. m '365 subsequent computations is taken as the T,,,, is the mean tank temperature during the where Qd. is the modified daily energy average ofthese two values. The maximum total standby portion, v.b.s,ofthe 24 consumption value. Btu per day and 365 recovery efficiency is computed as total standby portion, s,.2. of the 24 hour test. 'F is the number ofdays within a year. days T,.,,,, is the average ambient temperature 6.2. InstantaneousHot WaterHeaters. during the total standby portion, r,., of 6.2.1. FirstHourRating Computation. MCo (Td..- T.. I) the 24 hour test.°F Compute the first hour rating as. UA is the standby heat loss coefficient for the C

. storage tank, Btu/hr'F

- and rT,. is the number ofhours during the M(T.- w n d g 24 hour simulated test when water was F 35 5where M is the mass withdrawn during the p(135'F-58'F]' ' first draw. Ibm' not being withdrawn from the water C,, is the specific heat ofwater at the 

## ~~~~~~~~~~~heater ' ' ' ' 

## ~~~~~~~average temperature (T..i.+T,.. 1 )/2, Amodification is also needed to take into which may be expressed as- Btu/lbm' e account that the temperature difference T., is the a. arage delivery temperature for be' 'eenthe outlet water temperature andM(t.,-T.) the first draw, * sup, ly water temperature may not be F ' l Tn.l is the average inlet temperature for the equivalent to the nominal value of 77'F p(77-F)first draw 'F (135'F-58'F). The following equations adjust and Q,., is the total energy used by the the experimental data to a nominal 77'F .water heater between cutoutprior to the temperature rise. where Mrepresents the mass removed during first draw and cutout following the first

The energy used to heat water. Btu per day. the one hour continuous dra-

.Ibm draw including auxiliary energy such as may be computed as-- Td,is the average delivery temperature. 'F pilot light. Btu 

### 42176 Federal Register 

# I Vol. 55. No; 201 {Wednesday, October 17, 1990 { Rules and Regulations

BnJ
hr 'F

6.1.S. Daily WaterHeating Ene1'lJY Consumption.The daily waterheating energy 'consumption. Q

.. is computed as



### Q..=Q 'IJ.

where Q is the total ene1'lJYused by the water heater

### dlll'inl! the 24 hoUrs simulated use test including auxiliary ene1'lJY such as pilot lights. pumps; fans. etc

.. Btu C, is the specificheat ofwater at the average temperature 

### (1' ••

## +t ol/2. Btu/Ibm 'F M is the mass ofwater within the stol'l!e tank. Ibm'
, 

### ,1',. is the average tank temperature atthe conclusion ofthe 24 hours simulated use test.·F ' 

## to is the average tank temperature at the, beginning ofthe 24 hours simulated use test. recorded one minute before the first

, ,drawis initiated 'F

. and 'IJ. is the recovery efficiency ofthe hot waterheater. dimensionless. ' 6.1.6. AdjustedDaily WaterHeating Energy Consumption. The adjusted daily water heating ene1'lJY consumption. Q

... takes into account that the temperature difference between the storage tank and surrounding
, ambient temperature maynot be the nominal value of67.S'F (13S'F

- 67.S·F) due to the 10'Fallowable variation in storage tank
, temperature. 13S 

### ± S'F. and the S9F allowablevariation in surroundirll! ambient temperature 65'F to 70·F. The adjusted daily waterheating,enel'l!Y consumption is computed,as
Q

...=Q

..-[(t

......

### -t

........J- (13S'F-67.S'F)JUAT

.......2 where,Q

... is the adjusted daily water heating

.consumption. Btu
, f

...... iii the mean tank temperature during the total standbyportion. T

.......'. ofthe 24 hour test. 'F
, f

........ is-the average ambient temperature ,

, durirll! the total.standbyportion. T

.......'. of the 24 hour test. 'F' UA is the standby heat loss coefficient for the storage tank. Btu/hr'F and T

.......2 is the numberofhoUrs during the 24 hour simulated test whenwater was not being withdrawn from the water heater A modification is also needed to take into account that the temperature difference' ' be' 'een the outletwater temperature and

, sup.ly watertemperahire may not be
,

equivalent to the nominal value of77'F (13S'F

- 58'F). The following equations adjust, the experimental data to a nominal 77'F temperature rise.

The ene1'lJY used to heat water. Btu perday. may be computed as

### QIIW i=l MI<:.t('t

...I.I-Tlft.11
'IJ.

whereMI is themass withdrawnfor the ith draw (i=l to 61. Ibm Cpl is the specificheat ofwater. Btu/Ibm 'F

The ene1'lJY required'to heat the same quantity ofwater over a 71 ')1 ,temperature rise. Btu**pe~** day, is

6**~.** TT = 1: i=1. 

# M.'c. (13S 'F

- 58, 'F)

'lIT,

The differencebetween these two valuesis

### QRWD =QIIW:n..,.QIIW which must be added to the adjusted daily water heatingene1'lJY consumption value. Thus. the daily ene1'lJY consumptionvalue which takes into account that the temperature difference between the storage tank and ambient temperature may not be 67.S'F and the temperature rise across the storage tank maynot be 77'F is
### QdlD=Q

...+QRWD
, 6.1.7. Ene1'lJY Factor. The ene1'lJY factor. E,. is computed as6 MtC,I(13S'F-58'F) E, 1: '

------ i=,i 

### Q_

where Q

..... is themodified daily water

, heating ene1'lJY consumption as computed

,in accordance with Section6.1.6. Btu ,6.1.8. AnnualEhergyConsumption The annual ene1'lJY consumption for storage type andheat pump water heaters is computed as**E...D~**= Q_'36S where Q

... is the modified daily ene1'lJY

, consumptionvalue. Btu perday and 365

is the number ofdays within a year. days 6.2. InstantaneousHot,WaterHeaters.

6.2.1. FirstHourRating Computation. Compute the first hourratirll! as ,

, M(f",1-tlDI p(13S'F-56'F) "

which may be expressed as

## Mrt

....-f'ftl pl77'FI

where M represents the mass removed during the one hourcontinuous dra' •Ibm 

### tllol is the average delivery temperature. 'F 

### tbl is the average inlet temperature. 'F andprepresents the density ofwater at the averqedelivery temperature. Ibm/gal 

### Ifa watermeteris used in lieu ofa scale the first hourratirll! is computed as77'F

### wh~re Vrepresents the volume ofwater removed during the one hourcontinuous draw. gal '

6.2.2. RecoveryEfficiency

6.2.2.1. FixedInputInstal!taneous, Water Heaters. The recovery efficiency is computed

as



### Q.

where MI is the mass withdrawn during the first draw. Ibm C,I is the speCific heat ofwater at the average temperature (f

...,.,+f",.tl/2. Btu/lbl'!l'F



### ,1'

...1.1 is the 'average delivery temperature for the first draw. OF f 1D

.1is the average inlet temperature for the flJ'st draw. 'F and Q.is the total ene1'lJY used by the water

,heaterbetween cutout priorto the first draw and cutoutfollowing the first draw. including auxiliary ene1'lJY such as pilot lights. pumps. fans. etc.• Btu 6.2.2.2. Variable InputInstantaneous Water Heaters

Forinstantaneous waterheaters which have a variable firing rate. two recove'ry efficiency values are computed. one at the maximum input rate and one at the minimum input rate. The recovery efficiency used in subsequent**co~putations** is taken,as the average ofthese two values. The maximum recovery efficiency is computed as

Q

......

where MI is ihe mass withdrawn during the first draw. Ibm ' Cpa is the specific heat ofwaterat the average temperature ITd.I.1 

### +T'ft.•)/Z.

, Btu/Ibm OF



### 1'

...1.1 ill the a\aralle delivery temperature for the first draw. 

### 'r. f,".• is the average inlet temperature forthe first draw. OF ' ' and Q

....... is the total ene1'lJY used by the water heater between cutout prior to the, first draw and cutout follOWing the first draw. including auxiliary ene1'lJY such as pilot light. Btu

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and Regulations 42177
¢ l
The minimum recovery efficiency is QHWm=QHw.7-Qa first hour rating shall be equivalent to that computed as- which must be added to the daily water measured for the water heater with the heating energy consumption value. Thus, the standard inputrating. MCXT.., 4-Ti,,.1) daily energy consumption value which takes 7.2.2. EnergyFactor.The energy factor for -=^~~~ ^" *'*into account that the temperature rise across identical electric storage type water heaters. 7'tr.mm 

## ~ D= 

## ~ ~the storage tank may not be 77 'F is- with the exception ofheating element '< Qr* B -min wattage. may use the energy factor obtained QmQmQi

tw ,=Q Q 

### at r rduring testing ofthe water heater with the 6.2.4. EnergyFactor.The energy factor.E, designated standard inputrating. where M is the mass withdrawn during the i s computed as- fourth draw, Ibm §430.31 [Amendedl C,, is the specific heat ofwater, Btu/lbm °F 4. Section 430.31. PurposeandScope, T.I.4 is the average delivery temerature for 6 MC,(135'F-58'F) is amended by adding the following 

## ~thefourth draw-, *F I~ E

, = I sentence at the end ofthe section to t, 4 is the average inlet terrerature for the i=1 Qt read as follows: first draw, 'F and Q,., is the total energy consumed where is the daily water heating energyBasic models of covered immediately prior to tL fourth draw and consumption as computed in accordance products manufactured before the date cutout following the fourth draw. with section 6.2.3., Btu on which an amended energy including auxiliary energy such as pilot M, is the mass associated with the ith draw, conservation standard becomes lights. Btu Ibm effective (or revisions of such models The recovery efficiency is computed as- Ci is the specific heat ofwater computed at a manufactured after such date and have temperature of (58 F+135 'F)/2, Btu/lbm the same energy efficiency or energy use

_ ,_ - F

, .11.

. r characteristics) that comply with the ___._=+7__ ,.,_- Td. 1

### , is the average delivery temperature for
r . + ith ra delivery temperature for energy conservation standard applicable 2 and

### Ti,. is the average inlet temperature for to such covered products on the day the ith draw, 'F before such date shall be deemed to 6.2.5.AnnualEnergyConsumption. The comply with the amended energy 6.2.3. Daily WaterHeatingEnergy annual energy consumption for instantaneous conservation standard. Consumption. The daily waterheat e type water heaters is computedas- §430.32 [Amended] consumption. Qd is computed as- § 365 Qd=Q El.=,Q 365 5. Section 430.32. Energyconservation where 

### Qis the enerwhere is modified daily energy usd by the ow standards andeffective dates,is actuated water heater during the 24 hour and sumption Btu per of dayamended by revising paragraph d and simulated use test days by revising the effective date ofentry A modification is needed to take into "2." in paragraph (e) to read "09/01/90." account that the temperature difference 7 Ratings for UntestedModels The revised paragraph (d) reads as set between the outlet water temperature and In order to relieve the test burden to forth below: supply water temperature may not be manufacturers who offer water heaters which * *

. equivalent to the nominal value of77 'F (135 differ only in fuel type or power input, ratings 'F-58 'F). The following equations adjust the for untested models may be established in (d) Waterheaters. experimental data to a nominal 77 'F accordance with the following procedures. In The energy factor of water heaters temperature rise, lieu of the following procedures a shall not be less than the following

The energy used to heat water may be manufacturer may elect to test the unit for products manufactured on or after the computed as- which a rating is sought.indicated dates: 7.1. Gas WaterHeaters.Ratings obtained for gas water heaters using natural gas can 6 M T T,. be used for an identical water heater which Product class Enery actor as Energ factor as 0 

### MC,,(Te.,.-T 

# sna utilizes propane gas ifthe input ratings are of Jan. 1,1
i=1 within 10 percent. 1. Gas Water 0.62-(.0019x 0.62-(.0019x 7.2 Electric WaterHeaters Heter. Rated Storage Rated Storage 7.2.Electric WaterHeaters Volume in Volume in

7.2.1. FirstHour Rating.If an electric gallons). gallons). storage type water heater is available with 2.OilWater 0.59-(.0 0 ' 9X 059-(.oo019 The energy required to heat the same orHeater. Rated Storage Rated Storage more than one input rating, the manufacturer volume in Volume in quantity of water over a 77 °F temperature shall designate the standard input rating and gallons) gallons). rise is- the water heater need only be tested with 3.Eletnc Water 0.95-(.00132x i0.93-(.00132, heating elements at the designated standard Heaolume in Storage in input ratings. The first hourratings forunits gallons). gallons): M,(135-F

- 58'F) having power input rating less than the QV.77r = 

### I designated standard input rating shall be ROte: Rated Storage Volume=the water storage capacity of a water heater. in gallons, as specified by the manufat J- i= 1 ), assigned a first hour rating equivalent to the er. first draw of the firsthour rating for the

. . . . . electric water heater with the standard input The difference between these two values rating. 'or units having power inputs greater IFR Doc. 90-24134 Filed 10-16-90: 8:45 aml is-

- than the designated standard input rating, the sILuN cooE 64so-o1-

S-051999 0016(00)( 16OCT-90-14.03:36)
F4701.FMT...[16.301...7-08-88 dSA / PM / J 

### Federal Register / Vol. 55, No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 1990 / Rules and**Regulation~** 

## 42177

The minimum recovery efficiency is computed as
### M.G.,.(T..o•.'-

### f

.....)

Qr.lllla

where 

### M. is the mass withdrawn during the fourth draw, Ibm CpO is the specific heat ofwater. Btu/Ibm OF 

### f do••• is the averaRe delivery temperature for the fourth draw. 'F 

### fin.' is the average inlet tel7'"erature for the first draw, OF and Qr._is the total energy consumed immediatelyprior to 

### tL fourth draw and cutout following the fourth draw. incIudins auxiliary energy such as pilot lights. Btu ' The recovery efficiency is computed as-

"I",

..u+"Ir._ "I, 2

6.2.3. Daily WaterHeating Energy Consumption. The daily waterheating energy consumption. 

### Qd is computed as

### Qd=Q where 

### Qis the energy used by the flow actuated water heater durinS the 24 hour simulated use test

. A modification is needed to take into account that the temperature difference between the outlet water temperature and supply watertemperature may not be equivalent to the nominal value of77 OF (135 of-58 OF). The following equations adjust the experimental data to a nominal 71 OF temperature rise.

The energy used to heat watermay be computed as

### QHW 6 .I
i=1 "I,

The energy required to heat the same qUllntity ofwater over a 77 of temperature rise is6 .I i=1 "Ir

The difference between these two valuesis**S~51999** OOI6(OO)(I(K)C1'-90-14:03:36) 

### QHWD=QIIW.71-QIIW which must be added to the daily water heating energy consumption value. Thus, the daily energy consumption value which takes into account that the temperature rise across the storage tank may not be 77 ofis

### Q

....=Q.+QHWD 6.2.4. EnergyFactor. The energy factor. 

### E" is computed as6 I M.c,..(135·F-58'F)

i=1 

### Q

.....
where Qdm is the daily water heating energy

, consumption as computed in accordance with section 6.2.3.• Btu MI is the mass associated with the ith draw. Ibm 

### c". is the specific heat ofwater computed at a temperature of (58 of

## +135 °F)/2. Btu/Ibm of

fdot.l is the average delivery temperature for the ilh draw. OF and 

### fin. I is the average inlet temperature for the ith draw. OF 6.2.5. AnnualEnergy Consumption. The annual energy consumption for instantaneous type water heaters is computed·as

### E.....IIIII=Q

..... • 365 where 

### Q

..... is the modified daily energy consumption. Btu per day and 365 is the number ofdays within a year. days.
7. Ratingsfor UntestedModels

In order to relieve the test burden to manufacturers who offer water heaters which differ only in fuel type or powerinput. ratings for untested models may be established in accordance with the following procedures. In lieu ofthe following procedures a manufacturer may elect to test the unit for which a rating is sought.

7.1. Gas WaterHeaters. Ratings obtained for gas water heaters using natural gas can be used for an identical waler heaterwhich utilizes propane gas ifthe input ratings are within 10percent. 7.2. Electric WaterHeaters

7.2.1. First HourRating. Ifan electric storage type water heater is available with
more than one input rating. the manufacturer shall desisnate the standardinput rating and the waterheaterneed only be tested with heating elements at the designated standard input ratings. The first hourratings for units having powerinput rating less than the desisnated standardinput rating shall be 8ssisned a first hour rating equivalent to the first draw ofthe first hour rating for the electric waterheater with the standardinput rating. ":'t)r units having power inputs greater than the JesiRnated standard input rating. the



### F4701.FMT

...[16.30)

...7-D8-88 first hour rating shall be equivalent to that measured for the water heaterwith the standard input rating.

7.2.2. EnergyFactor. The energy factor for identical electric storase type water heaters. with the exception ofheating element wattage. may use the energy factor obtained durinS testins ofthe water heaterwith the desisnated standard input rating. §430.31 [Amended]



### 4. Section430.31. 

### Purpose andScope. is amendedby adding the following sentence at the end ofthe section to read asfollows:

• • • Basic models ofcovered products manufactured before the date

on which an amended energy conservation standardbecomes effective (or revisions ofsuch models manufactured after such date andhave the same energy efficiency or energy use characteristics) that comply with the energy conservation standard applicable to such covered products on the day before such date shall be deemed to comply with the amended energy conservation standard. § 430.32 [Amended]



### 5. Section430.32. 

### Energy conservation standardsandeffective dates. is amendedby revising paragraph (d), and by revising the effective date ofentry "2." in paragraph (e) to read "00/01/90." The revised paragraph (d) reads as set forth below:

(d) 

### Waterheaters. The energy factor ofwaterheaters shall not be less than the following products mamifactured on or after the indicated dates:

Product class

1. Gas Water

Heater.

2. Oil Water

Heater.

3. EIectnc Water

Heater. I Energy faClor. as ; Energy factor. as 

### i of Jan. 1. 1990 I of Apnl 15. 1991

: 0.62-(.0019x

Rated Storage Volume In gallons). 0.59-(.0019"

Rated Storage Volume In 

### I gallons). 10.95-(.00132x 

## I Rated Storage


### I Volume In

gallonS). 0.62-(.0019x Rated Storage Volume In gallons). 0.59-(.0019"

Rated Storage Volume In gallons). 10.93-(.00132" 

### i Rated Volume I S.orage In 

### i gallons);

Note; Rated Storage Volume= .he water storage capacity of a water heater. ,n gallons. as Sl)8Clfoed by the manu'a! .Jrer.

[FR Doc. 00-24134 Filed**1~16-90:** 8:45 am)
81WNQ CODE**14~'-1I**-. CQ

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