p.1 

OAR Box 1828 

Prepped by Ollie Stewart 

Document Number: 

306) IV-B-10 

Docket Number: 

A-83-27 

Printed 11/12/200811:12:59 AM Sheet 306 of 325 
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• A-83-27 

ENERGY AND EiwmoNMENiAL ANALYSIS, IN IV-B-IO 

1655 NORTH FORT MYER DRIVE ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA 22209 703/528-1900 -^ ^ - -

June 30, 1987 

Mr. Robert Pahel-Short 

Economic Analysis Branch (MD-12) 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 

Subject: EPA Contract No. 68-02-4202 

Availability of Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil 

Dear Robert: 

At your request, Energy and Environmental Analysis, Inc. (EEA) has 

completed a survey of existing data sources which indicates the availability of fuel oil with a sulfur content less than 0.3% sulfur by weight. 

These data sources indicate that such low sulfur oil was available or 

used in at least 41 of the fifty states in 1985. 

This finding is based on two Department of Energy data sources. Table 1 

shows that imports alone of very low sulfur fuel oil were available in 27 

states in 1985. In addition, Table 2 shows that 61 electric utilities in 

30 states had annual average sulfur contents for distillate fuel oil at 

or below 0.3% sulfur in 1985. Since this last set of data is averaged 

for an entire year and is restricted to steam plants, it is possible that 

many more electric utilities received individual shipments at or below 

0.3%S. Between the states in Table 1 and Table 2, a total of forty-one 

states had this low sulfur oil available and in use in 1985. 

Lastly, the National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (NIPER, 

formerly the Bartlesville Energy Research Center of the U.S. Department 

of Energy) tests samples of heating oil annually under contract to the 

American Petroleum Institute and DOE. In 1986, NIPER tested 88 samples 

of No. 2 heating oil from 67 domestic refineries. Sixty-five of these 88 

samples had a sulfur content which was less than or equal to 0.3 percent, 

again indicating that it is common for fuel oil sulfur content to be 

below this level. 

Please call me if you have any questions. 

Sincerely, 

Michael 0. Lerner 

President 

Enclosures 

cc: Dr. A. Wehe 

MANAGEMENT / ECONOMICS / ENGINEERING 
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TABLE 1. IMPORTS OF VERY LOW SULFUR RESIDUAL FUEL OIL 

IN 1985 BY STATE OF ENTRY3 

(thousands of barrels) 

Region/State 

East Coast 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

New Hampshire 

New Jersey 

New York 

North Carolina 

Pennsylvania 

Rhode Island 

South Carolina 

Vermont 

Virginia . 

Volume 

284 

580 

1,118 

213 

1,158 

1,002 

1,585 

106 

15,888 

36,584 

79 

1,957 

204 

98 

37 

1,798 

Region/State 

Midwest 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

North Dakota 

Ohio 

South 

Louisiana 

Mississippi 

Texas 

West 

California 

Hawaii 

Montana 

Washington 

Volume 

132 

7 

5 

54 

1,833 

120 

12,024 

754 

259 

46 

276 

U.S. total 78,201 

a0.3 percent sulfur or less. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy 

Information Administration. Petroleum Supply Annual 1985. 

Volume 1. DOE/EIA - 0340(85)/l. June 1986. p. 57. No. 5 and 

No. 6 fuel oils. 
P.4 

TABLE 2. AVERAGE ANNUAL SULFUR CONTENT OF DISTILLATE FUEL OIL 

"PURCHASED BY SELECTED ELECTRIC UTILITIES IN 1985a 

State 

Alabama 

Arizona 

Colorado 

Florida 

Georgia 

Illinois 

Electric Utility Company/no. of 

Alabama Power/6 

Aland to/1 

Salt River/1 

Colorado-Ute Electric/1 

plantsb 

Gainesville-Alachua County/1 

Florida Power/2 

Tampa Electric/1 

Georgia Power/4 

Central 111. Light/3 

% sulfur 

0.19 

0.20 

0.29 

0.26 

0.24 

0.17 

0.29 

0.16 

0.17 

Central 111. Public Service/5 

Commonwealth Edison/3 

Electric Energy/1 

Illinois Power/3 

0.16 

0.27 

0.24 

0.30 

Indiana Hoosier/1 

Indiana-Kentucky Electric/1 

Indianapolis Power & Light/3 

Public Service of Indiana/6 

0.17 

0.18 

0.30 

0.30 

Iowa Iowa Electric Light S_ Power/3 

Iowa Southern Utilities/2 

0.15 

0.04 

Kansas Kansas City Bd Pub Utils./3 

Kansas City Power & Light/1 

0.03 

0.28 

Kentucky East Kentucky Rural Electric/3 

Louisville Gas & Electric/2 

0.13 

0.19 

Louisiana Gulf States Utilities/1 

Louisiana Power & Light/2 

New Orleans Public Service/1 

0.11 

0.25 

0.16 
P.5 

TABLE 2. AVERAGE ANNUAL SULFUR CONTENT OF DISTILLATE FUEL OIL 

'PURCHASED BY SELECTED ELECTRIC UTILITIES IN 1985a 

(continued) 

State Electric Utility Company/no. of plants" % sulfur 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

Missouri 

Nebraska 

New Hampshire 

New York 

North Carolina 

North Dakota 

Ohio 

Holyoke Water Power/1 

Montaup Electric/1 

Detroit Edison/5 

Lansing Bd of Water & Light/3 

Minnesota Power & Light/1 

Mississippi Power/2 

Southern MS Electric Power/1 

Independence Power & Light/1 

Union Electric/1 

Nebraska Public Power/1 

Public Service of NH/1 

NY State Electric & Gas/4 

Carolina Power & Light/7 

Duke Power/4 

Minnkota Power/1 

Montana-Dakota/1 

Cleveland Electric/2 

Ohio Valley Electric/1 

Toledo Edison/1 

0.25 

0.10 

0.29 

0.26 

0.04 

0.25 

0.19 

0.05 

0.30 

0.28 

0.24 

0.14 

0.20 

0.30 

0.20 

0.30 

0.25 

0.30 

0.25 

Oregon Portland General Electric/1 0.03 
P.6 

TABLE 2. AVERAGE ANNUAL SULFUR CONTENT OF DISTILLATE FUEL OIL 

-PURCHASED BY SELECTED ELECTRIC UTILITIES IN 1985a 

(continued) 

State Electric Utility Company/no. of plants" % sulfur 

Pennsylvania 

South Carolina 

Texas 

Washington 

West Virginia 

Wisconsin 

Wyoming 

Duquesne Light/3 

Metropolitan Edison/2 

Pennsylvania Electric/5 

Pennsylvania Light & Power/4 

Pennsylvania Power/1 

West Penn Power/4 

Carolina Power 6c Light/1 

SC Electric & Gas/5 

SC Public Service/4 

Bryan Municipal Electric/2 

Pacific Power & Light/1 

Monongahela Power/6 

Wisconsin Public Service/2 

Wisconsin Electric Power/1 

Pacific Power 6. Light/3 

0.17 

0.15 

0.19 

0.13 

0.24 

0.27 

0.20 

0.20 

0.23 

0.23 

0.30 

0.30 

0.22 

0.29 

0.30 

a U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. 

Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Utility Plants 1985. 

DOE/EIA - 0191(85). July 1986. Includes steam plants with a 

combined installed nameplate capacity of 50 MW or larger. 

Table 51. Based on FERC Form 423 which is filed monthly 

with the EIA. 

" Total number of individual steam plants which purchased 

distillate fuel oil with an average annual sulfur content 

in 1985 which was less than or equal to 0.3 percent.