TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN

NO. 03-00-00326-CR

Abraham Garcia, Appellant

v.

The State of Texas, Appellee

FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BELL COUNTY, 27TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT

NO. 50,642, HONORABLE MARTHA J. TRUDO, JUDGE PRESIDING

Appellant Abraham Garcia was released on bond pending trial on an indictment

accusing him of burglary of a habitation. He subsequently failed to appear in accordance with the

conditions of that bond. Based on this evidence, a jury found appellant guilty of failing to appear

and assessed punishment, enhanced by a previous felony conviction, at imprisonment for eighteen

years and a $1500 fine. See Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 38.10(a) (West 1994).

The pending burglary indictment was introduced in evidence by the State during

the guilt phase of trial. Appellant concedes that the indictment was admissible to prove that the

offense for which his appearance was required was a felony, and thus to establish the district

court’s jurisdiction. See id. § 38.10(f). Appellant contends, however, that the court erred by

admitting the enhancement paragraph of the burglary indictment, which alleged a previous felony

conviction for aggravated assault with a deadly weapon. He urges that his previous assault
 

1

 Appellant does not contend that the probative value of the evidence was outweighed by the

danger of unfair prejudice. See Tex. R. Evid. 403.

2

conviction was irrelevant to the question of whether he failed to appear for the burglary trial. See

Tex. R. Evid. 401, 402. 

The State replies that the enhancement paragraph of the burglary indictment was

admissible at the guilt stage to show appellant’s motive for failing to appear. See Tex. R. Evid.

404(b). Because of his previous conviction, appellant faced a possible life sentence if convicted

of the burglary rather than a maximum term of twenty years’ imprisonment. See Tex. Penal Code

Ann. § 12.42(b) (West Supp. 2001). Appellant responds that the State’s argument fails in the

absence of any evidence that he appreciated the significance of the enhancement allegation.

We believe that the possibility of an enhanced punishment upon conviction for the

burglary was a fact tending to make it more probable that appellant’s failure to appear was

intentional or knowing, even in the absence of proof that appellant had been told or otherwise

knew the legal significance of the enhancement allegation. 1 As a consequence, we conclude that

the court did not abuse its discretion by refusing to redact the enhancement paragraph from the

burglary indictment before admitting it in evidence at the guilt stage of appellant’s trial. 

If the court did err by overruling appellant’s objection, however, we also conclude

that the admission of the enhancement paragraph did not affect appellant’s substantial rights. See

Tex. R. App. P. 44.2(b). During jury selection, counsel for both the State and appellant

emphasized to the panelists that appellant’s guilt of the alleged burglary offense was irrelevant in
 

2

 The prosecutor admonished the panelists that it would be “improper” for them to consider

whether or not appellant “committed the other offense. ” Defense counsel emphasized that the

presumption of innocence attached to the alleged burglary, just as it did to the alleged failure to

appear for which appellant was on trial.

 

3

 Appellant expressly declined a jury instruction limiting the jury’s consideration of the

challenged evidence to the issues of motive and intent, and none was given.

3

this trial for failing to appear. 2 Only three witnesses testified at the guilt stage of trial: the owner

of the bail bond company, the employee of the bond company who attempted to notify appellant

of his trial setting, and the bailiff who called appellant’s name in the courthouse lobby. The only

contested issue was whether appellant had been given adequate notice to appear. This was also

the subject that dominated the jury arguments at the close of the guilt stage. 3 No reference was

made during argument to the enhancement paragraph contained in the burglary indictment. Under

the circumstances shown here, any error in the admission of the enhancement paragraph did not

have a substantial and injurious influence in determining the jury’s guilty verdict. See King v.

State, 953 S.W.2d 266, 271 (Tex. Crim. App. 1997).

Appellant’s sole issue is overruled and the judgment of conviction is affirmed.

__________________________________________

Lee Yeakel, Justice

Before Chief Justice Aboussie, Justices Yeakel and Patterson

Affirmed

Filed: March 15, 2001

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