SF6 Electrical Equipment Manufacturers Threshold Analysis

U.S. OEMs (big five shown in red)

Estimated Market Share of SF6 Equipment Manufacturing in U.S.

2006 Emissions--Lower Bound (Mt CO2 Eq)

2006 Emissions--Average(Mt CO2 Eq)

2006 Emissions--Upper Bound (Mt CO2 Eq)

ABB 14% 45,591 113,978 193Areva 14% 45,591 113,978 193HVB AE 14% 45,591 113,978 193Mitsubishi 14% 45,591 113,978 193Siemens 14% 45,591 113,978 193AZZ CGIT 6% 19,539 48,848 83Cooper Power Systems 6% 19,539 48,848 83G & W Electric 6% 19,539 48,848 83Pennsylvania Breaker 6% 19,539 48,848 83S&C Electric 6% 19,539 48,848 83Total U.S. OEM Emissions 325,651 814,128 1,384Estimated Market Share of 5 largest U.S. OEMs 70%Total Number of U.S. OEMs 10Total SF6 Shipped by OEMs (lbs SF6) = 750,981Total SF6 Shipped by OEMs (Mt CO2 Eq SF6) = 8,141,281

Lower Bound OEM Emissions Scenario (i.e., assuming 4 percent emission rate)

Emission Threshold (Mt CO2 Eq) 1,000 10,000 25Number of Facilities above 10 10 Percent of Facilities above 100.0% 100.0% 50Total Emissions of Facilities above 325,651 325,651 227Percent of Emissions above 100.0% 100.0% 70In this analysis the fugitive emissions of U.S. SF6 electrical equipment manufacturers are compared to four emission thresholds (1 000, 10 000, 25 000, and 000 Mt CO2 Eq). U.S. SF6 electrical equipment manufacturers are referred to as OEMs for the remainder of this analysis. This analysis is conducted at the company-level. We have determined that five OEMs are responsible for about 70% of the U.S. market share of gas-insulated electrical equipment. Therefor

the total amount of SF6 consumed in the U.S. is distributed proportionally among companies' estimated market share of gas-insulated equipment. We have presented the analysis using three scenarios for fugitive emissions, a low, average, and high emission scenario which assume 4 percent, 10 percent, and 17 percent OEM emission rates, respectively. Please see the 'Notes' tab for a list of methodology assumptions.
Average OEM Emissions Scenario (i.e., assuming 10 percent emission rate)

Emission Threshold (Mt CO2 Eq) 1,000 10,000 25Number of Facilities above 10 10 Percent of Facilities above 100.0% 100.0% 100Total Emissions of Facilities above 814,128 814,128 814Percent of Emissions above 100.0% 100.0% 100

Upper Bound OEM Emissions Scenario (i.e., assuming 17 percent emission rate)

Emission Threshold (Mt CO2 Eq) 1,000 10,000 25Number of Facilities above 10 10 Percent of Facilities above 100.0% 100.0% 100Total Emissions of Facilities above 1,384,018 1,384,018 1,384Percent of Emissions above 100.0% 100.0% 100
Conversion Type Conversion Factor Units Comments

pounds to short tons 0.0005 short ton/lbshort tons to metric tons 0.90718474 metric ton/short tonSF6 SAR GWP 23,900 SF6/CO2Kg to Mt 0.001 Mt/KgOEM Emission Rate (Upper Bound) 4% percent

O’Connell, P., F. Heil, J. Henriot, G. Mauthe, H. Morrison, L. Neimeyer, Probst, J.P. Tailebois (2002) SF B6 B in the Electric Industry, Status 200

2002.

OEM Emission Rate (Average) 10% percent EPA, 2008. Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissiona and Sinks: 19OEM Emission Rate (Lower Bound) 17% percent

O’Connell, P., F. Heil, J. Henriot, G. Mauthe, H. Morrison, L. Neimeyer, Probst, J.P. Tailebois (2002) SF B6 B in the Electric Industry, Status 2002002.
Notes:

1. The number of U.S. OEM's was determined by: (1) analyzing the Goulden Reports' 2003 list of leading global manufacturers of (Goulden Reports. 2002. The World Market for High Voltage Switchgear. London. Sample available at:http://www.gouldenreports.org/docs/20050101_World_Switchgear_sam.pdf) , (2) reviewing the list of hosts for the Circuit BreakTraining Conferences as shown in Transmission & Distribution World (industry publication available at: 

http://tdworld.com/circuit_breaker_conference/factory_tour/finepoint-factory-day-tour/), and (3) reviewing two phone conversations 

2007. Informational interview conducted with ICF on 12.4.2007; and Bolin, P. 2008. Informational interview conducted with ICF oInternet searches for the locations of global OEM manufacturing facilities were performed for confirmation purposes. The results winformation gathered from our sources. 2. We assume that the total amount of SF6 shipped by U.S. OEMs in 2006 is equal to the nameplate capacity of new electrical equtilities in 2006. For this assumption to be valid U.S. imports of SF6 electrical equipment should approximately equal exports of nwhich remains to be confirmed. However, given the lack of data on total production of SF6 equipment in the U.S., the new namepwas used as a surrogate for U.S. equipment production. 3. Cooper Power Systems, G & W Electric, and S&C Electric specialize in the manufacturing of distrubution equipment. While eacproducts that use SF6 gas, many of their products do not since distribution equipment tends to have much lower voltages than tratheir products that do use SF6 tend to use much less than high-voltage circuit breakers do (this might not be as influential to their voltage circuit breaker manufactuers since since high-voltage circuit breakers only receive a nominal charge in the factory while thequipment is usually filled at the factory). Because we are unsure about their production levels of gas-insulated equipment relativdispersed SF6 emissions evenly among these companies. However, it is possible that they actually use very little SF6 and therefothresholds considered in this analysis.