# Patent

## Title
Dispenser with one-way valve for storing and dispensing substances

## Abstract

A dispenser for dispensing a substance, such as a liquid lipstick or other cosmetic, pharmaceutical or cosmeceutical product, has a body with a variable-volume storage chamber for storing the product. A dispensing portion is connected with the body and a one-way valve for dispensing amounts of product therethrough. The dispensing portion defines a compression chamber in fluid communication with the storage chamber for receiving product therefrom, and an outlet aperture coupled in fluid communication with the compression chamber. The one-way valve has a valve seat, and a visco-elastic valve cover seated on the valve seat and defining a normally-closed, axially-extending seam therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover and valve seat. The flexible valve cover is movable relative to the valve seat, and the seam is connectable in fluid communication with the outlet aperture to allow the passage of product through the seam and out of the dispenser. An actuator is drivingly connected to the compression chamber for pressurizing product within the compression chamber and dispensing an amount of product within the compression chamber.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/810,008 filed Jun. 4, 2007 entitled “Dispenser with One-Way Valve for Storing and Dispensing Metered Amounts of Substances,” now U.S. Pat. No. 7,651,291 issued Jan. 26, 2009, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/893,686 filed Jul. 16, 2004 entitled “Piston-Type Dispenser with One-Way Valve for Storing and Dispensing Metered Amounts of Substances”, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,226,231 issued Jun. 5, 2007, which claims priority to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/488,355, filed Jul. 17, 2003, entitled “Piston-Type Dispenser with One-Way Valve for Storing and Dispensing Metered Amounts of Substances, and Pivoting Cover for Covering Dispensing Portion Thereof”, and to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/539,814, filed Jan. 27, 2004, entitled “Piston-Type Dispenser with One-Way Valve for Storing and Dispensing Metered Amounts of Substances,” each of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference as part of the present disclosure.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to dispensers for containing and dispensing fluids and other substances, such as cosmetic products, and more particularly, to dispensers for holding multiple doses of such fluids and other substances, and that include one-way valves for hermetically sealing the substances within the dispensers, actuators for actuating pumps within the dispensers and dispensing metered doses of substances through the one-way valves, and in some embodiments, covers that are movably mounted on the dispensers for selectively covering and accessing the dispensing portions of the dispensers.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Prior art dispensers for storing and dispensing multiple doses of fluids, such as cosmetic dispensers for dispensing, for example, liquid lipstick, typically do not store the liquid lipstick or other product in a hermetically sealed storage chamber. In addition, such dispensers may be exposed to, or are applied to a user's lips or other facial surfaces that may contain dirt, germs, bacteria and/or other unwanted contaminants. Such contaminants can penetrate through the dispensing openings in the dispensers and, in turn, contaminate the bulk of the product, such as a liquid lipstick, stored within the dispensers. As a result, the contaminants can be passed from one user to another or otherwise cause unhealthy conditions with further usage of the dispensers. Further, because the products stored within the dispensers are exposed to air, the products can degrade or spoil, and/or require preservatives to prevent such degradation and/or spoilage from occurring. In some circumstances, preservatives can cause allergic and/or other undesirable or negative reactions, such as unwanted dermatological reactions.
It is an object of the present invention to overcome one or more of the above-described drawbacks and/or disadvantages of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with one aspect, the present invention is directed to a dispenser for dispensing a substance comprises a body defining a variable-volume storage chamber for storing the substance, such as a liquid lipstick, concealer, or other cosmetic, pharmaceutical or cosmeceutical product. In one embodiment, a dispensing portion of the dispenser is connected with the body and defines a compression chamber or bore coupled in fluid communication with the storage chamber for receiving substance therefrom. A piston is received within the bore and an outlet aperture is coupled in fluid communication with the bore. A one-way valve including an axially-extending valve seat and an axially-extending flexible valve cover is seated on the valve seat and defines a normally-closed, axially-extending seam between the valve cover and valve seat forming a fluid-tight seal therebetween. The flexible valve cover is movable relative to the valve seat, and the seam is connectable in fluid communication with the outlet aperture to allow the passage of a predetermined amount of substance pumped by the piston through the seam and out of the dispenser. An actuator is drivingly connected to at least one of the piston and the bore for moving at least one of the piston and the bore relative to the other and dispensing a predetermined amount of substance within the bore through the outlet aperture.
In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one cover extends adjacent to and covers the dispensing portion, and is movably mounted with respect to the dispensing portion between a closed position covering the dispensing portion and an open position exposing the dispensing portion.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the flexible valve cover is responsive to a flow of substance in the outlet aperture exceeding a valve opening pressure to move between (i) a normally-closed condition, and (ii) an open condition wherein portions of the valve cover axially spaced relative to each other substantially sequentially move substantially radially relative to the valve seat to allow the passage substance through the seam and out of the dispenser.
Also in some embodiments of the present invention, the substance is a cosmetic, such as a liquid lipstick or a concealer, and the dispensing portion includes an applicator surface defining a contour substantially conforming to a facial contour for facilitating application of the cosmetic thereto.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dispenser comprises a flexible bladder mounted within the body and defining the storage chamber between the bladder and body. The dispenser also includes a spring for biasing the piston and, preferably, the spring is formed integral with the bladder. In one embodiment of the present invention, the spring is formed by a substantially dome-shaped portion of the bladder.
In one such embodiment of the present invention, the bladder defines a first axially-extending, annular surface, and the body defines a second axially-extending, annular surface facing the first surface of the bladder and forming the storage chamber therebetween. The first surface of the bladder is movable radially inwardly and away from the second surface of the body to expand the storage chamber and receive substance therein. In addition, the first surface of the bladder is movable radially outwardly toward the second surface of the body upon dispensing substance therefrom. Also in this embodiment, a cap is coupled to the body and defines an aperture therethrough. The piston is received through the aperture and at least one of the piston and cap is movable relative to the other between a first position with the piston spaced away from the outlet aperture and defining a compression chamber therebetween, and a second position with the piston located adjacent to the outlet aperture for dispensing a predetermined amount of substance within the compression chamber through the outlet aperture.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dispenser further comprises a substantially annular piston slidably received within the body and forming a substantially fluid-tight seal therebetween. The variable-volume storage chamber is formed between the substantially annular piston and the other piston, and the substantially annular piston is movable toward the other piston upon dispensing a dosage from the storage chamber to reduce the volume of the storage chamber in an amount approximately equal to the volume of the dose dispensed.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dispenser further comprises a filling tube received within the body, and a second one-way valve coupled in fluid communication between the filling tube and the variable volume storage chamber. The second one-way valve preferably includes an axially-extending valve seat and an axially-extending flexible valve cover seated on the valve seat and defining a normally-closed, axially-extending seam therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover and valve seat. The flexible valve cover is movable relative to the valve seat, and the seam is connectable in fluid communication with variable-volume storage chamber to permit the passage of substance through the seam and into the storage chamber.
In other embodiments of the invention, a manually engageable actuator is positioned adjacent to the compression chamber. A manually depressible portion thereof is movable between first and second positions and is normally biased in the direction from the second position toward the first position. The biasing may be accomplished by a spring, which may be an elastic spring such as, for example, an elastic dome-shaped spring. During movement of the manually depressible portion from the second position toward the first position, the compression chamber is in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber, permitting substance to flow from the variable-volume storage chamber into the compression chamber. During movement of the manually depressible portion from the first position toward the second position, the compression chamber is not in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber. A portion of the of the manually depressible portion may extend at least partially into the compression chamber to pressurize the substance within above the valve opening pressuring that, in turn, dispenses the substance through the normally closed seam of the one-way valve and out of the dispenser.
In yet other embodiments, the dispenser has first means that is connectible in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber to receive a substantially metered dose of the substance from the chamber, and also for compressing the dose in the first means. The first means may include a dispensing portion defining a compression chamber. The dispenser may further have second means connectible in fluid communication with the first means that normally seals the first means along an annular, axially-extending seam and also prevents substance from being dispensed through the second means if below a threshold pressure. The second means may also substantially sequentially open the seam in an axial direction to allow the passage of substance at a pressure greater than the threshold pressure through the second means and out of the dispenser. The second means may include a one-way valve including an axially-extending valve seat and an axially-extending flexible valve cover seated on the valve seat and defining a normally-closed, axially-extending seam therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover and valve seat. The dispenser may also include third means having manual engagement and movement from a first position toward a second position, for preventing fluid communication between the first means and the variable-volume storage chamber during such movement, and also extending at least partially into the first means to pressurize the substance in the first means above the threshold pressure of the second means and dispense the substance through the second means and out of the dispenser. The third means may also, during movement from the second position toward the first position, allow fluid communication between the first means and the variable-volume storage chamber, permitting substance to flow from the variable-volume storage chamber into the first means. The third means may be an elastic actuator defining a manually depressible portion. The dispenser may additionally include fourth means that is slidably movable within the body upon dispensing the dose from the first means, while forming a fluid-tight seal therebetween, which reduces the volume of the storage chamber in an amount about equal to the volume of the substantially metered dose.
In accordance with another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for storing and dispensing a substance with a dispenser. In one embodiment, the dispenser includes a variable-volume storage chamber, a dispensing valve including an annular, axially-extending valve seat, and an annular, axially-extending flexible valve cover overlying the valve seat and forming an axially-extending valve seam therebetween, and a pump coupled in fluid communication between the variable-volume storage chamber and the valve seam. The method comprises the following steps:
(i) storing substance in the variable-volume storage chamber;
(ii) normally sealing the dispensing valve along the annular, axially-extending valve seam and preventing both the dispensing of substance below a threshold pressure through the valve seam, and external contamination of the substance in the variable-volume storage chamber through the valve seam;
(iii) manually actuating the pump to pressurize a metered dose of substance to a pressure greater than the threshold pressure and, in turn, substantially sequentially opening the valve seam in an axial direction thereof to allow the passage of substance at a pressure greater than the threshold pressure through the valve seam and out of the dispenser; and
(iv) decreasing the volume of the variable-volume storage chamber in an amount approximately equal to the volume of the dosage of substance dispensed.
In another embodiment of the invention, the method may also be performed where the dispenser has no pump and has a compression chamber coupled in fluid communication between the variable-volume storage chamber and the valve seam and a manually engageable actuator. The manually engageable actuator may define a manually depressible portion movable between first and second positions and normally biased towards the first position. The method may be performed by manually depressing the manually depressible portion between the first and second positions. During movement of the manually depressible portion from the second position toward the first position, substance may flow from the variable-volume storage chamber into the compression chamber. During movement of the manually engageable portion from the first position toward the second position, a portion of the manually depressible portion may extend at least partially into the compression chamber to pressurize a metered dose of substance therein to a pressure greater than the threshold pressure that, in turn, substantially sequentially opens the valve seam in an axial direction, allowing substance at a pressure greater than the threshold pressure to pass through the valve seam and out of the dispenser.
In accordance with another embodiment, the method further comprises the step of providing a filling tube mounted within a body portion of the dispenser, and a second one-way valve coupled in fluid communication between the filling tube and variable-volume storage chamber. The second one-way valve includes an axially-extending valve seat and an axially-extending flexible valve cover seated on the valve seat and defining a normally-closed, axially-extending seam therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover and valve seat. In accordance with this aspect, the method further comprises the steps of (i) inserting a filling member into the filling tube, (ii) pumping substance through the filling tube and into the seam of the second one-way valve at sufficient pressure to substantially radially move the flexible valve cover relative to the valve seat and, in turn, introduce the substance through the seam and into the variable-volume storage chamber, (iii) terminating pumping substance into the seam, (iv) allowing the valve cover to return to its normally-closed position, and (v) hermetically sealing the substance within the variable-volume storage chamber
One advantage of the present invention is that the dispenser can store multiple doses of substances, such as liquid lipsticks, concealers, or other cosmetic, pharmaceutical or cosmeceutical products, in a hermetically sealed, sterile condition throughout the shelf life and usage of the dispenser. Further, currently preferred embodiments of the dispenser can provide metered doses of the liquid lipstick, concealer, or other substance with a simple, one-handed actuation motion.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in view of the following detailed description of the currently preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a dispenser embodying the present invention showing the upper cover in an open position and the lower cover in a closed position;
FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both upper and lower covers open;
FIG. 3 is a side plan view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with the upper and lower covers open;
FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers open;
FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers open;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers closed;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers open;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers closed;
FIG. 9 is a front elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 9 with both covers closed;
FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers closed;
FIG. 11 is a plan view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers closed;
FIG. 12 is an end elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers closed;
FIG. 13 is another perspective view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with both covers closed;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the dispensing tip of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with parts removed for clarity;
FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with the covers removed for clarity and showing the piston in a rest position;
FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view of the dispenser of FIG. 15A showing the piston in an actuated position;
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a dispenser of the present invention including a single cover that is removably mounted to the base and that includes a minor or like reflective surface located on an exterior surface of the cover;
FIG. 17 is a perspective, exploded view of the dispenser of FIG. 16 showing the cover removed from the base;
FIG. 18 is a perspective, partial cross-sectional view of the dispenser of FIG. 16;
FIG. 19A is a cross-sectional view of the dispenser of FIG. 16;
FIG. 19B is a perspective, partial cross-sectional view of the dispenser of FIG. 16;
FIG. 20 is a side elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 16;
FIG. 21 includes two side elevational views of the dispenser of FIG. 16;
FIG. 22 includes two side elevational views of the dispenser of FIG. 16 without the minor or like reflective surface mounted on an exterior surface of the cover;
FIG. 23 is a bottom perspective view of the dispenser of FIG. 16;
FIG. 24 is a side elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 16 with the cover removed;
FIG. 25 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a dispenser of the present invention wherein the actuator is rotatably actuated to dispense metered dosages of substance through the one-way valve of the dispensing nozzle, and showing both covers open with the minor or like reflective surfaces thereof exposed;
FIG. 26 is a side elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 25 with both covers open;
FIG. 27 is a rear perspective view of the dispenser of FIG. 25 with both covers open;
FIG. 28 is a front elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 25 with both covers open;
FIG. 29 is a side perspective view of the dispenser of FIG. 25 with both covers closed;
FIG. 30 is a side elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 25 with both covers closed;
FIG. 31 is another side elevational view of the dispenser of FIG. 25 with both covers closed;
FIG. 32 is a top perspective view of the dispenser of FIG. 32 with both covers closed;
FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a dispenser of the present invention including a plunger slidably mounted on the fill tube within the dispenser body and forming the variable-volume storage chamber, and a substantially dome-shaped spring formed integral with the filling valve cover for normally biasing the piston into the rest position; and
FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a dispenser of the present invention including a plunger slidably mounted on the fill tube within the dispenser body and forming the variable-volume storage chamber, and a coil spring coupled between the manually-engageable actuator and end cap for normally biasing the piston into the rest position.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In FIG. 1, a dispenser embodying the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 10. The dispenser 10 is particularly suitable for dispensing metered amounts of fluids and other substances, such as cosmetic and cosmeceutical products, including, for example, liquid lipsticks and concealers. However, as may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, the dispenser 10 may be adapted to dispense any of numerous different fluids or other substances that are currently known, or later become known. As shown typically in FIG. 6, the dispenser 10 includes a body 12 defining a variable-volume storage chamber 14 for storing the substance, such as a liquid lipstick, concealer or other cosmetic or cosmeceutical product. A dispensing portion 16 is connected with the body 12 and defines a bore 18 coupled in fluid communication with the storage chamber 14 for receiving substance therefrom, and an outlet aperture 20 coupled in fluid communication with the bore 18. A piston assembly 22 is received within the bore 18, and a dispensing nozzle or one-way valve 24 is mounted on the dispensing portion 16 for dispensing metered amounts of product or other substance therethrough. The one-way valve 24 includes an axially-extending valve seat 26 (shown in phantom in FIG. 6), and an axially-extending flexible valve cover 28 seated on the valve seat and defining a normally-closed, axially-extending seam 30 therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover 28 and valve seat 26. As described further below, the flexible valve cover 28 is movable relative to the valve seat 26, and the seam 30 is connectable in fluid communication with the outlet aperture 20 to allow the passage of product through the seam and out of the dispenser. An actuator 32 is drivingly connected to the piston assembly 22 for moving the piston within the bore 18 and dispensing a predetermined amount of product within the bore through the outlet aperture 20 and one-way valve 24. A cover assembly 34 extends adjacent to and covers the dispensing portion 16, and includes an upper cover 36 and a lower cover 38, each pivotally mounted to the body 12 and movable between a closed position, as shown typically in FIG. 6, and an open position, as shown typically in FIG. 7.
As shown typically in FIG. 6, the dispenser 10 further comprises a flexible bladder 40 mounted within the body 12 and defining the storage chamber 14 between the bladder and body. The bladder 40 defines a first axially-extending, annular surface 42, and the body 12 defines a second axially-extending, annular surface 44 facing the first surface 42 of the bladder and forming the storage chamber 14 therebetween. The first surface 42 of the bladder 40 is movable radially inwardly and away from the second surface 44 of the body 12 to expand the volume of the storage chamber 14 and receive a substance, such as a liquid lipstick, concealer, or other cosmetic or cosmeceutical product therein. The first surface 42 of the bladder 40 also is movable radially outwardly toward the second surface 44 of the body 12 upon dispensing therefrom the substance contained with the storage chamber 14. In FIG. 6, the bladder 40 is shown in the fully-expanded condition (i.e., when the storage chamber 14 is empty). However, as will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, when filled with a substance, such as a liquid lipstick or other cosmetic or cosmeceutical product, the first surface 42 flexes radially inwardly and away from the second surface 44 of the body to define the variable volume storage chamber 14 therebetween.
As shown in FIG. 6, a cap 46 is coupled to an open end 48 of the body 12 and includes a piston flange 50 defining a piston aperture 52 formed therethrough. The piston assembly 22 includes a drive portion 54 defining a fill conduit 56 therein. The drive portion 54 of the piston assembly is received through the piston aperture 52, and the piston is movable within the aperture between a first or rest position, as shown typically in FIGS. 6 and 15A, with the piston tip 58 spaced away from the outlet aperture 20 and defining a compression chamber 60 therebetween, and a second fully-activated position, shown typically in FIG. 15B, with the piston tip 58 located adjacent to, or in contact with a stop surface 62 formed at the distal end of the bore 18 for dispensing a predetermined amount of substance within the compression chamber through the outlet aperture 20.
As indicated above, the dispensing nozzle 24 includes a relatively rigid valve seat 26 and a flexible valve cover 28 mounted over the valve seat and defining the axially elongated, annular seam or interface 30 therebetween. As shown in FIG. 6, the body 12 defines a periphal lobe 61 that is received within a corresponding groove formed in the base of the valve cover to fixedly secure the valve cover to the valve seat. As described further below, the piston assembly 22 forces a metered dose of fluid or other substance at sufficient pressure to open the valve (the “valve opening pressure”) and force the fluid or other substance through the valve interface 30 and out of the dispenser. The valve cover 28 preferably forms an interference fit with the valve seat 26 to thereby form a fluid-tight seal in the normally closed position and, in turn, maintain the fluid or other substance within the dispenser in a sterile and hermetically sealed condition. Further, as shown typically in FIG. 14, the valve cover 24 defines a substantially tapered cross-sectional shape moving in the axial direction from the interior toward the exterior of the valve. This configuration requires progressively less energy to open each respective annular portion of the valve when moving axially from the interior toward the exterior of the valve. Alternatively, or in combination with the tapered valve cover, the valve seat may define an outer diameter that progressively or otherwise increases in the axial direction toward the valve tip, to provide the same or similar effect. As a result, once the base of the valve is opened, the pressure is sufficient to cause the respective axial segments of the valve cover 28 to progressively open and then close after passage of fluid therethrough when moving in the axial direction toward the valve tip to dispense a metered dose. Also, when dispensing a metered dose, preferably a substantially annular segment of the valve cover 28 substantially always engages the valve seat 26 to maintain the fluid-tight seal across the valve 24 and thereby prevent ingress through the valve of germs, bacteria or other unwanted substances and into the storage chamber 14.
The dispensing portion 16 is formed integral with the body 12 and is formed of a relatively rigid material defining therein the axially elongated bore 18. The piston assembly 22 is slidably received within the bore 18 and the piston tip 58 is formed on the free end thereof. The dosage or compression chamber 60 is formed between the piston tip 58 and the stop surface 62 formed on the axially inner side of the valve seat 26. An annular fluid conduit 64 extends axially between the piston body 22 and the bore 18 and, when the piston is located in the rest position as shown in FIGS. 6 and 15A, the fluid conduit 64 is coupled in fluid communication between the dosage chamber 60 and storage chamber 14 for dispensing fluid from the storage chamber into the dosage chamber on the return stroke of the piston.
The bore 18 defines a reduced cross-sectional portion 66 that cooperates with the piston tip 58 to define the volume of the dosage chamber 60 and thus the dosage volume of the dispenser. The axial extent of the reduced portion 66 defines a compression zone within which the fluid or other substance is compressed by the piston 22 and, in turn, forced through the dispensing nozzle 24. Thus, as shown best in FIG. 6, the bore 18 defines the compression zone formed within the reduced cross-sectional portion 66, and a tapered portion 68 formed between the compression zone and the annular fluid conduit 64. As described further below, the piston 22 is movable relative to the bore 18 (or vice-versa, if desired) between (i) a rest position shown in FIG. 15A with the tip 58 of the piston 22 axially spaced inwardly relative to the tapered portion 68 of the bore to allow fluid communication between the storage chamber 14, fluid conduit 64, and dosage chamber 60; (ii) to a fully-actuated position shown in FIG. 15B with the sealing surface of the tip 58 of the piston 22 received within the reduced cross-sectional portion 66 of the bore and adjacent to, or in contact with, the stop surface 62 of the bore; and (iii) back again to the rest position of FIG. 15A upon release of the actuator 32. As shown in FIG. 6, the sealing tip 58 slidably contacts, and preferably forms an interference fit with the reduced cross-sectional portion 66 to thereby form a substantially fluid-tight seal therebetween
In the rest position (FIG. 15A) and at the start of the outer stroke of the piston 22 (i.e., in the direction from the storage chamber 14 toward the nozzle 24), the compression zone 60 is in fluid communication with the fluid conduit 64 and storage chamber 14, and thus the fluid is permitted to flow both forwardly in front of the piston, and rearwardly back over the sides of the piston tip 58. Then, when the sealing surface of the piston tip 58 slidably engages the tapered portion 68 and, in turn, the reduced portion 66, a fluid-tight seal is formed therebetween, trapping a precise volume of fluid within the compression zone 60 and forcing the precise volume of fluid through the valve 24. As shown in FIG. 6, the sealing tip 58 of the piston 22 defines a substantially frusto-conical, cross-sectional shape. In addition, both the piston tip 58 and reduced portion 66 of the compression zone are formed of relatively rigid plastic materials and are dimensioned to form a fluid-tight annular seal when slidably engaging one another. The frusto-conical shape of the piston 58 facilitates slight inward flexing of the piston tip when received within the compression zone. In the illustrated embodiments of the present invention, the dispenser body is made of a relatively hard plastic material, such as any of the plastics sold under the trademarks TopazTM, SurlynTM, and ZeonexTM. The piston, on the other hand, may be made of a softer grade of hard plastic in comparison to the body, such as any of numerous different brands of polypropylene, or the plastic sold under the trademark AlathonTM
As may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, the shape and materials of construction are only exemplary, and numerous other shapes and/or materials of construction equally may be employed. For example, if desired, the piston tip may be formed of a resilient material that is attached to the end of the piston assembly. However, one advantage of the integral, relatively hard plastic piston as shown in FIG. 6, for example, is that it eliminates any such additional resilient part, thus reducing the overall cost and providing a design that reliably seals the compression zone from one dispenser to the next.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 14, the outlet aperture 20 includes a first portion 70 extending substantially axially adjacent to the bore 18, and a second portion 72 extending substantially radially between the first portion 70 and the seam 30. As described further below, the illustrated embodiment of the present invention includes a single, angular extending outlet aperture 20 for delivering the metered dosage. If desired, additional outlet apertures could be added (e.g., a second outlet aperture of the same or different size diametrically opposed to the illustrated aperture 20), or the aperture 20 could be moved to another position than the position shown (e.g., the single outlet aperture could be located on the opposite side of the valve seat than that shown) The valve cover 28 is preferably made of an elastomeric material, such as the polymeric material sold under the trademark KratonTM, or a vulcanized rubber or other polymeric material. As may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, however, these materials are only exemplary, and numerous other materials that are currently or later become known for performing the function of the valve cover equally may be used.
As may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, the construction of many aspects of the dispenser 10, including aspects of the body, flexible bladder, pump or piston, and nozzle, may be the same as or similar to that described in co-pending U.S. Pat. No. 6,761,286 entitled “Fluid Dispenser Having a Housing and Flexible Inner Bladder”; and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/691,270, filed Oct. 21, 2003, entitled “Ophthalmic Dispenser and Associated Method”, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/519,691, entitled “One-way Actuation Release Mechanism for a System for Applying Medicament”, filed Apr. 10, 2003 as a reissue of U.S. Pat. No. 6,213,982, and/or U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/519,961, filed Nov. 14, 2003, entitled “Delivery Device and Method of Delivery”, filed Nov. 14, 2003; and/or U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/582,225, filed Jun. 23, 2004, entitled “Delivery Device with Compliance Monitor and Method”; each of which is assigned to the Assignee of the present invention, and is hereby expressly incorporated by reference as part of the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 6, the end cap 46 of the dispenser includes a mounting flange 74 that is received within the open end 48 of the body 12 and fixedly secured thereto. The flexible bladder 40 defines an annular sealing flange 76 that is compressed between the flange 74 of the end cap 46 and the body 12 to form a fluid-tight seal therebetween. The flange 74 of the cap 46 defines one or more peripheral lobes 78 that are snap-fit into corresponding annular recesses of the body to fixedly secure the cap to the body with the sealing flange 76 of the bladder compressed therebetween.
As shown in FIG. 6, a base portion 82 of the bladder defines a substantially-dome shaped spring 81 for normally biasing the piston assembly 22 away from the outlet aperture 20 and into the rest position, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 15A, and a filling valve 83 for sterile filling the storage chamber 14 with a fluid or other substance introduced through a filling probe (not shown) that is inserted or otherwise coupled in fluid communication with the fill conduit 56 of the piston assembly. As shown in FIG. 6, the piston assembly 22 defines at the base of the fill conduit 56 an axially-extending valve seat 80, and the base portion 82 of the flexible bladder 40 defines a flexible valve cover 84 of the filling valve 83 that overlies the valve seat 80 to thereby define an annular, axially-extending valve interface or seam 86 therebetween. Preferably, the flexible valve cover 84 and valve seat 80 form an interference fit to thereby maintain a fluid-tight seal when the valve is in the normally closed position. The base portion 82 of the bladder further defines an annular recess 88 that receives therein a corresponding annular lobe 90 formed on the piston assembly 22 to fixedly secure the base portion 82 of the bladder to the piston. The flexible valve cover 84 preferably defines a substantially tapered, or progressively reduced wall thickness when moving axially in the direction of the inlet to the valve toward the interior of the dispenser. This configuration requires progressively less energy to open each respective annular portion of the valve when moving axially from the inlet to the valve toward the interior of the dispenser. As a result, once the base of the valve is opened, the pressure is sufficient to cause the respective axial segments of the valve cover 84 to progressively open and then close after passage of fluid therethrough when moving in the axial direction. Alternatively, or in combination with the tapered valve cover, the valve seat may define an outer diameter that progressively or otherwise increases with moving in the axial direction from the inlet of the valve toward the interior of the dispenser, to provide the same or similar effect. Preferably, a substantially annular segment of the valve cover 84 substantially always engages the valve seat 80 to maintain the fluid-tight seal across the filling valve and thereby prevent ingress through the valve of germs, bacteria or other unwanted substances. The piston assembly 22 further defines one or more fill openings 92 extending through the valve seat 80 and coupled in fluid communication between the fill conduit 56 and the valve interface or seam 86.
The dispenser 10 is filled by slidably receiving a probe (not shown) within the fill conduit 56 such that the tip of the probe is located at the base of the fill conduit and adjacent to the inlet 92 to the filling valve 83. Then, fluid, such as a liquid lipstick or other cosmetic or cosmeceutical product, is introduced through the probe, through the inlet apertures 92 and valve interface or seam 86 of the filling valve 83, and into the storage chamber 14. The fluid is introduced through the probe at a pressure greater than the valve opening pressure of the filling valve 83 to open the valve and allow the fluid to flow therethrough. As the storage chamber 14 is filled with fluid, the bladder 40 correspondingly collapses to allow the variable volume chamber 14 to correspondingly expand and receive the fluid. Once the storage chamber 14 is filled with fluid, the probe is removed from the fill conduit 56, and the flexible valve cover 84 seals against the valve seat 80 to hermetically seal the fluid within the dispenser. The filling cannula or probe, and other aspects of the filling apparatus and method for filling the dispensers of the present invention may be the same as or similar to that disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/843,902, filed May 12, 2004, entitled “Dispenser and Apparatus and Method for Filling a Dispenser”, which is assigned to the Assignee of the present invention and is hereby expressly incorporated by reference as part of the present disclosure.
The bladder 40 (including the integral valve member 83 and dome-shaped spring 81) is preferably made of an elastomeric material that is relatively soft in comparison to the body 12 and valve seat 80 of the piston assembly. For example, the bladder 12 may be made of a polymeric material, such as one of the materials sold under the trademarks KratonTM or SantopreneTM (e.g., Santoprene 8211-35), or a vulcanized rubber or other polymeric material. However, as may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, these materials are only exemplary, and numerous other materials that are currently, or later become known for performing the functions of the bladder and/or valve member equally may be used.
As shown in FIG. 6, when the dispenser is empty, the bladder 40 is fully expanded into engagement with the interior surface 44 of the body 12 such that the variable volume storage chamber 14 is at substantially zero volume. As described in the above-mentioned co-pending patent applications, the bladder 40 is preferably formed such that it naturally tends to flex outwardly and create a positive pressure gradient on the fluid or other substance in the storage chamber 14. Also, in this position, the valve member 84 of the filling valve 83 is in the normally closed position to maintain the interior of the dispenser hermetically sealed. In this condition, the empty dispenser may be sterilized prior to filling, such as by applying gamma, e-beam, or another type of radiation thereto. Then, the sealed, empty and sterilized dispenser may be transported to a sterile filling machine or other filling station without risk of contaminating the sterilized interior portions of the dispenser.
As may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, the spring 81 may take any of numerous different shapes and/or configurations, or may be formed of any of numerous different materials, that are currently, or later become known for performing the function of the spring as described herein. For example, the spring may define a shape other than a dome shape, or may not be formed integral with the bladder or the valve member. For example, the spring could take the form of a coil or other type of spring, that may be made of metal, plastic, or any of numerous other materials, for biasing the piston assembly as described herein. Also, the shape and/or material of construction of the spring may be selected to control the spring force applied to the piston assembly. One advantage of the substantially dome-shaped configuration, however, is that the dome shape imparts lateral (or radial) and axial forces to the piston assembly 22 to facilitate maintaining sufficient force to drive the piston from the fully-actuated to the rest position throughout the shelf-life and usage of the dispenser 10. Yet another advantage of the illustrated embodiment of the present invention is that by forming the spring integral with the base portion of the bladder, a separate part that otherwise would be required to bias the piston assembly, is eliminated.
As shown in FIG. 6, the actuator 32 includes a manually engageable portion 94 that is drivingly connected through a flange 96 on the inner side thereof to the free end 98 of the piston assembly 22. The actuator 32 defines a peripheral lobe 100 that is slidably received within an axially-extending, peripheral groove 102 formed on the inner side of the flange 74 of the end cap 46. As can be seen, the peripheral lobe 100 of the actuator is captured within the annular groove 102 by a peripheral lobe 104 formed on the outer end of the end cap 46. As indicated by the arrows 106 in FIG. 6, the manually-engageable portion 94 of the actuator is axially depressible inwardly against the bias of the dome-shaped spring 81 to move drive the piston from the rest position shown in FIG. 15A to the fully-actuated position shown in FIG. 15B. As described above, this inner stroke of the piston 22 forces a predetermined amount of substance through the one-way valve 24 and onto an applicator surface 108 formed by the distal end portions of the valve cover 28 and valve seat 26. Then, when the user releases the manually engageable portion 94, the dome-shaped spring 81 drives the piston assembly 22 in a return stroke from the fully-actuated position shown in FIG. 15B to the rest position shown in FIG. 15A. On the return stroke, fluid, such as a liquid lipstick or other cosmetic, contained with the storage chamber 14, flows through the annular conduit 64 and into the compression chamber 60. This displacement of fluid, in turn, causes the flexible bladder 40 to correspondingly expand in the radial direction to displace the volume of the dispensed fluid.
As shown, the applicator surface defines a curvilinear contour to substantially conform to the contour an application surface, such as facial tissue. In the illustrated embodiment, the contour is defined by a radius “R” dimensioned to comformably contact a user's lips for purposes of applying a metered dose of liquid lipstick thereto. However, as may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, this specific shape of the applicator surface may take any of numerous different such shapes that are currently or later become known for performing the function of the applicator surface as described herein. For example, the applicator surface may take any of a variety of different forms designed to substantially conformably contact a user's eyelids, eyebrows, eyelashes, cheeks, toenails, fingernails, etc.
As shown typically in FIG. 6, the upper and lower covers 36, 38 of the dispenser 10 are pivotally mounted to the body 12 and located on opposite sides of the body relative to each other. As shown, each cover 36, 38 is movable between a closed position covering a respective side of the dispensing portion 16 and an open position exposing the respective side of the dispensing portion. Each cover 36, 38 includes a reflective or minor-like surface 112 on an interior side thereof. As shown in FIG. 7, when each cover 36, 38 is pivoted to the fully-open position, the plane of each reflective surface 112 is substantially normal to the axis of the body 12. Each reflective surface 112 is configured to reflect a visible image of at least a portion of the dispensing portion thereon. In the illustrated embodiment, the reflective surfaces 112 reflect a visible image thereon of the user's lips and the dispensing tip or one-way valve 24 to facilitate applying the metered dosages of liquid lipstick in a desired manner thereto. The reflective surfaces may take the form of any of numerous different reflective or minor-like surfaces that are currently or later become known for performing the function of the reflective surfaces as described herein.
As shown in FIG. 1, the body 12 defines axially-extending attachment arms 114 located on opposite sides of the body 12 relative to each other, and each attachment arm includes an attachment aperture 116 formed through an end portion thereof. Each cover 36, 38 includes a pair of pivot pins 118 formed on opposite sides of the base portion thereof, and received within corresponding pin apertures (not shown) in the body 12. The pivot pins 18 and corresponding pin apertures may be constructed, and/or the covers may be pivotally mounted to the body, in accordance with any of numerous different configurations that are currently or later become known for performing the function of pivotally or otherwise movably mounting each cover to the base. For example, if desired, the pivot pins and pin apertures may form interference fits with each other to provide a frictional resistance or drag to, in turn, provide a smooth pivoting action and/or to allow the cover to be pivoted to any of numerous different angular positions and to hold itself in any such position. Each cover includes on an inner side thereof a releasable locking tab 120 that is snap-fit or otherwise received within the corresponding attachment aperture 116 to releasably secure each cover in the closed position.
In the operation of the dispenser 10, a user may grasp the dispenser in one hand and flip open the covers 36, 38 as shown, for example, in FIG. 7. Then, the user may axially depress with the index finger or other preferred digit of the same hand the manually engageable portion 94 of the actuator 32 to dispense a metered dose of liquid lipstick, or other substance contained within the dispenser, onto the applicator surface 108. If desired, the user may depress the actuator 32 with a finger of the hand not holding the dispenser; however, one advantage of the currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is that the dispenser may be held and actuated with the same hand. In order to apply the metered dosage of liquid lipstick or other substance contained within the dispenser to the lips (e.g., for lip applications, the dispenser may alternatively contain a lip balm or other substance that may be applied to a person's lips), the user may look into one or both minors 112, 112 to view the dispensing tip and/or lip surfaces and apply the applicator surface 108 containing the substance thereon to the lips. Upon contacting the desired lip surface with the applicator surface 108, the applicator surface substantially conformably contacts the lip surface and facilitates uniformly applying the substance in a film-like manner thereto. With the assistance of the mirror(s) 112, the user may then move the applicator surface 108 along the lip surface to uniformly spread the liquid lipstick or other substance thereon. As additional liquid lipstick or other substance is required to cover additional surface portions of the lips, the user may then axially depress the actuator 32 in the same manner as described above and repeat the application until the liquid lipstick or other substance is suitably applied.
One advantage of the currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is that once a metered dosage is dispensed, the piston tip 58 returns to its rest position, as shown typically in FIG. 6, and thus substantially equalizes the pressure in the compression chamber 60 and the storage chamber 14. As a result, the liquid lipstick or other substance does not continue to flow through the valve. Thus, residual seepage of the liquid lipstick or other substance through the dispensing valve may be avoided. Yet another advantage of the dispenser of the present invention, is that the bulk of the liquid lipstick or other substance remains hermetically sealed in the storage chamber throughout the shelf life and usage of the dispenser. Yet another advantage of the dispensers of the present invention is that the one-way valve substantially prevents any germs, bacteria or other unwanted substances from entering the dispenser and contaminating the bulk of the liquid lipstick or other substance or product contained within the dispenser. Accordingly, if desired, the dispensers of the present invention may be used to store and dispense multiple doses of sterile substances and/or preservative-free substances.
In FIGS. 16 through 24, another dispenser embodying the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 110. The dispenser 110 is substantially similar to the dispenser 10 described above, and therefore like reference numerals preceded by the numeral “1”, or preceded by the numeral “2” instead of the numeral “1”, are used to indicate like elements. The primary difference of the dispenser 110 in comparison to the dispenser 10, is that the dispenser 110 includes a different shaped body 112 and a different cover 136. As shown in FIG. 16, the body 112 defines a substantially cylindrical shape that is flared outwardly at the base adjacent to the actuator 132. In addition, the dispenser 110 includes a single cover 136, as opposed to dual pivoting covers as described above. The cover 136 is substantially cylindrical shaped, and includes an end wall 139 that is oriented at an acute angle relative to the axis of the cover and dispenser. A minor or other reflective surface 212 is mounted or otherwise applied to the exterior surface of the end wall 139. As shown in FIG. 19A, the body 112 defines at the base of the dispensing portion 116 a peripheral lobe 222, and the cover 136 defines on its interior surface a corresponding annular groove 224. In order to releasably secure the cover or cap 136 to the body 112, the body lobe 222 is snapped into the cover groove 224.
In the operation of the dispenser 110, a user may grasp the dispenser in one hand and remove the cover 136 with either hand. Then, the user may axially depress with the index finger or other preferred digit of the same hand the manually engageable portion 194 of the actuator 132 to dispense a metered dose of liquid lipstick, or other substance contained within the dispenser, onto the applicator surface 208. If desired, the user may depress the actuator 132 with a finger of the hand not holding the dispenser; however, one advantage of the currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is that the dispenser may be held and actuated with the same hand. In order to apply the metered dosage of liquid lipstick or other substance contained within the dispenser to the lips (e.g., for lip applications, the dispenser may alternatively contain a lip balm or other substance that may be applied to a person's lips), the user may hold with the other hand the cover 136 and position and look into the minor 212 of the cover to view the dispensing tip and/or lip surfaces and, in turn, apply the applicator surface 208 containing the substance thereon to the lips. Upon contacting the desired lip surface with the applicator surface 208, the applicator surface substantially conformably contacts the lip surface and facilitates uniformly applying the substance in a film-like manner thereto. The user may then move the applicator surface 108 along the lip surface, with or without the assistance of the mirror 212, to uniformly spread the liquid lipstick or other substance thereon. As additional liquid lipstick or other substance is required to cover additional surface portions of the lips, the user may then axially depress the actuator 132 in the same manner as described above and repeat the application until the liquid lipstick or other substance is suitably applied.
In FIGS. 25 through 32, another dispenser embodying the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 310. The dispenser 310 is similar in certain respects to the dispenser 10 and 110 described above, and therefore like reference numerals preceded by the numeral “3”, or preceded by the numeral “4” instead of the numeral “1” or “2”, are used to indicate like elements. A primary difference of the dispenser 310 is that it includes a first body 312A that is slidably received and mounted within a second body 312B. The covers 336 and 338 are each pivotally mounted to the second body 312B. The actuator 332 includes a peripheral manually engageable portion 394, and as indicated by the arrows 406, the actuator is rotatably actuated, as opposed to being axially depressible, in order to dispense a metered dose of substance therefrom. Otherwise, the body 312A, dispensing portion 316, dispensing nozzle 324, and actuator 332, and the components mounted or otherwise located within the body 312A, are the same, or substantially the same as the dispenser disclosed, for example, in FIGS. 38-40 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/272,577, filed Oct. 16, 2002, entitled “Dispenser with Sealed Chamber and One-Way Valve for Providing Metered Amounts of Substances”, which is assigned to the Assignee of the present invention and is hereby expressly incorporated by reference as part of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, as described in the above-mentioned co-pending patent application, a plurality of threads are formed on an upper guide portion of the piston which engage partial threads formed on the inner wall of the upper portion of the body 312A. The threads on the upper guide portion of the piston define a plurality of regions in which the thread diameter gradually increases, beginning from a diameter that corresponds to the diameter of the partial threads on the inner wall of the upper portion of the body 312A, to a diameter that is greater than the diameter of the partial threads. The largest diameter threads on the piston have a smaller diameter than the diameter or corresponding dimension of the body 312A between the partial threads.
As the actuator 332 and the piston connected thereto are rotated, as indicated by the arrow 406, the larger diameter threads on the piston are progressively engaged by the partial threads on the inner wall of the upper portion of the body 312A. This causes the upper portion of the body 312A to expand slightly. As the largest diameter threads on the piston disengage from the partial threads on the body 312A and enter the area between the partial threads, the body 312A rapidly returns to its original shape. When the larger diameter threads are located in the area between the partial threads, the piston assembly is locked in position until a sufficient rotational force is applied to the piston assembly to cause the larger diameter threads to engage the partial threads on the inner wall of the body 312A. By establishing the thread pitch as disclosed in the above-mentioned co-pending patent application, the distance of travel of the piston for each rotation of the piston through the threaded portions can be precisely controlled, resulting in delivery of a pre-determined amount of the substances for each incremental rotation of the piston.
In the operation of the dispenser 310, a user may grasp the dispenser in one hand and flip open the covers 336, 338 as shown, for example, in FIG. 25. Then, the user may rotate the manually engageable portion 394 of the actuator 332 to dispense a metered dose of liquid lipstick, or other substance contained within the dispenser, through the dispensing nozzle 324 and onto the applicator surface 408. In order to apply the metered dosage of liquid lipstick or other substance contained within the dispenser to the lips (e.g., for lip applications, the dispenser may alternatively contain a lip balm or other substance that may be applied to a person's lips), the user may look into one or both minors 412, 412 to view the dispensing tip and/or lip surfaces and apply the applicator surface 408 containing the substance thereon to the lips. Upon contacting the desired lip surface with the applicator surface 408, the applicator surface contacts the lip surface and facilitates uniformly applying the substance in a film-like manner thereto. With the assistance of the mirror(s) 412, the user may then move the applicator surface 408 along the lip surface to uniformly spread the liquid lipstick or other substance thereon. As additional liquid lipstick or other substance is required to cover additional surface portions of the lips, the user may then rotate the manually-engageable portion 394 of the actuator 332 in the same manner as described above and repeat the application until the liquid lipstick or other substance is suitably applied. The applicator surface 408 defines a substantially convex surface contour, and therefore defines a different contour than the applicator surfaces described above. As may be recognized by those skilled in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein and in the above-mentioned co-pending patent applications, the applicator surfaces may take any of numerous different shapes or contours that are currently known, or that later become known.
In FIG. 33, another dispenser embodying the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 410. The dispenser 410 is substantially similar to, for example, to the dispenser 110 described above, and therefore like reference numerals preceded by the numerals “4” and “5”, instead of the numerals “1” and “2”, respectively, are used to indicate like elements. A primary difference of the dispenser 410 in comparison to the dispenser 110, is that the dispenser 410 does not include a flexible inner bladder defining the variable-volume storage chamber 414. Rather, the dispenser 410 includes an annular piston or plunger 440 that extends between the body 412 and the inner fill tube 454. The plunger 440 includes at least one, and preferably two axially spaced, outer annular sealing members or portions 442 that sealingly engage the inner wall 444 of the body 412 to form a fluid-tight seal therebetween. The plunger 440 further includes at least one inner annular sealing member or portion 443 that sealingly engages the outer wall of the fill tube 454 and forms a fluid-tight seal therebetween. The sealing members or portions 442 and 443 may be formed integral with the plunger, such as by forming thereon annular protuberances, as shown, or may be formed by sealing members, such as o-rings or other sealing members, that are received within corresponding grooves or recesses formed in the plunger. As the piston 422 is progressively actuated, the plunger 440 slides forwardly within the dispenser (or in the direction of right to left in FIG. 33) due to the suction forces exerted thereon as the fluid or other substance is dispensed from the variable-volume storage chamber 414. The cap 446 defines a plurality of apertures 447 formed through the base wall thereof to allow the flow of air therethrough and, in turn, permit the plunger to slide inwardly upon dispensing the fluid or other substance from the variable-volume chamber 414.
In the illustrated embodiment, the plunger 440 is made of a relatively resilient plastic material, such as one of the plastics sold under the trademark SantopreneTM (e.g., Santoprene 8211-35 (shore 35 hardness) or 8211-55 (shore 55 hardness)). In addition, the valve cover 428 and dome spring 481 also are made of a relatively resilient plastic, such as one of the plastics sold under the trademark SantopreneTM (e.g., Santoprene 8211-35 (shore 35 hardness)). As may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, these materials are only exemplary, and may be changed as desired or otherwise required by a particular application. For example, in applications requiring low sorption, the plunger and dispenser body may be formed of a relatively low sorptive material, such as a relatively hard plastic, including one or more of the plastics sold under the trademark Topaz.
An annular, tapered gap 449 is formed between the cap 446 and adjacent wall of the body 412 to facilitate inserting the cap into the body and snapping or otherwise fixedly securing the lobe 478 of the cap into the corresponding annular groove of the body. In this embodiment, the fill tube 454 is captured between the biasing force of the dome spring 481 and the actuator 432, and therefore there is no need to fixedly secure the actuator to the fill tube.
Another difference of the dispenser 410 in comparison to the dispenser 110 described above, is that the dome spring 481 is formed integral with the valve cover 484, but not with a corresponding bladder. Rather, the dispenser 410 includes the plunger 440 for forming the variable-volume storage chamber 414 in lieu of the flexible bladder described above. As can be seen, when the piston 454 is depressed inwardly to dispense a metered dose, the dome spring 481 deforms both axially and radially inwardly. Then, when the piston (or actuator) is released, the resiliency of the dome spring 481 drives the piston outwardly and into the rest position, as shown typically in FIG. 33. Although not shown, the base of the dome spring 481 defines a plurality of grooves or like flow passages formed between the dome spring and interior wall 444 of the body to allow the fluid or other substance in the variable-volume storage chamber 414 to flow therethrough and into the compression chamber 460.
Also in this embodiment, the piston 422 is formed separately from the fill tube 454 and is then fixedly secured to the fill tube. The piston 422 defines an axially-extending shaft 423 that is received within the inner end of the fill tube 454 to form the piston/fill tube assembly. The piston shaft 423 defines one or more first annular or other protuberances 485 received within corresponding annular or other grooves or recesses formed in the dome spring 481 to fixedly secure the dome spring to the piston, and one or more second annular or other protuberances 487 received within corresponding annular or other grooves or recesses formed in the fill tube 454 to fixedly secure the piston to the fill tube.
The valve assembly 424 of the dispenser 410 further includes a tamper-resistant ring 425 received within a corresponding annular groove formed in the base of the visco-elastic valve cover 428 to fixedly secure the valve cover to the valve seat. One advantage of the tamper-resistant ring 425 is that it prevents anyone from removing the valve cover and tampering with the contents of the dispenser without damaging the tamper-resistant ring.
As can be seen, the dispenser 410 defines a more narrow and elongated configuration than the dispenser 110 described above. As may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, the dispensers of the invention may take any of numerous different shapes, configurations and/or sizes.
In FIG. 34, another dispenser embodying the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 610. The dispenser 610 is substantially similar to, for example, to the dispenser 410 described above, and therefore like reference numerals preceded by the numerals “6” and “7”, instead of the numerals “4” and “5”, respectively, are used to indicate like elements. A primary difference of the dispenser 610 in comparison to the dispenser 410 described above, is that the dispenser 610 includes a coil spring 681 in lieu of the dome spring described above for biasing the piston into the rest position as shown. The coil spring 681 is received within an annular recess 683 formed within the actuator 632, and is seated between the base surface of the recess and the base surface of the end cap 646. Thus, to actuate the dispenser 610, the actuator 632 is depressed inwardly against the spring 681 to, in turn, compress the spring and drive the piston inwardly to dispense a metered dose. Then, when the actuator is released, the coil spring 681 expands and drives the piston 622 to return to its rest position as shown. In this embodiment, the actuator 632 defines a mounting post 685 that is received within the open end of the fill tube 654, and includes one or more protuberances 687 received within one or more recesses formed in the tube to fixedly secure the actuator to the tube.
As may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art based on the teachings herein, numerous changes and modifications may be made to the above-described and other embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the claims. For example, the components of the dispensers may be made of any of numerous different materials that are currently or later become known for performing the function(s) of each such component. Similarly, the components of the dispensers may take any of numerous different shapes and/or configurations. Also, the dispensers may be used to dispense any of numerous different types of fluids or other substances for any of numerous different applications, including, for example, cosmetic, dermatological, or other pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and/or OTC applications. Further, the filling machines used to fill the dispensers of the present invention may take any of numerous different configurations that are currently known, or that later become known for filling the dispensers. For example, the filling machines may have any of numerous different mechanisms for sterilizing, feeding, evacuating and/or filling the dispensers. Further, the filling valve need not be formed through the bladder or otherwise as shown, but may extend through the body or otherwise may be coupled in fluid communication with the storage chamber to evacuate and/or fill the storage chamber. Alternatively, the dispenser may include one valve for evacuating the interior of the dispenser and another valve for filling the storage chamber of the dispenser. Still further, the piston and/or dispensing valve each may take a configuration that is different than that disclosed herein. In another embodiment, the dispenser may include a needle penetrable and laser resealable stopper coupled in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber for needle filling the storage chamber through the resealable stopper and then laser resealing the needle hole in the stopper as disclosed in the following patents and co-pending patent applications that are assigned to the Assignee of the present invention and are hereby expressly incorporated by reference as part of the present disclosure: U.S. Pat. No. 6,604,561, entitled “Medicament Vial Having a Heat-Sealable Cap, and Apparatus and Method for Filling the Vial”; U.S. Pat. No. 6,684,916, entitled “Medicament Vial Having a Heat-Sealable Cap, and Apparatus and Method for Filling the Vial”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/694,364, filed Oct. 27, 2003, entitled “Medicament Vial Having a Heat-Sealable Cap, and Apparatus and Method for Filling the Vial”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/766,172, filed Jan. 28, 2004, entitled “Medicament Vial Having a Heat-Sealable Cap, and Apparatus and Method for Filling the Vial”; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/600,525, filed Jun. 19, 2003, entitled “Sterile Filling Machine Having Needle Filling within E-Beam Chamber”. Accordingly, this detailed description of currently preferred embodiments is to be taken in an illustrative, as opposed to a limiting sense.

## Claims

1. A dispenser for dispensing a substance, comprising:
a body including a variable-volume storage chamber for storing the substance therein;
a dispensing portion connected with the body and defining a compression chamber connectable in fluid communication with the storage chamber for receiving substance therefrom, and an outlet aperture coupled in fluid communication with the compression chamber;
a one-way valve including a valve seat and a flexible valve cover overlying and forming an interference fit with the valve seat and defining a normally-closed, seam therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover and the valve seat, wherein the flexible valve cover is movable relative to the valve seat and the seam is connectable in fluid communication with the outlet aperture to allow passage of an amount of the substance through the seam and out of the dispenser;
a manually engageable actuator defining a manually depressible portion movable between first and second positions and biased in the direction from the second position toward the first position;
wherein (i) during movement of the manually depressible portion from the second position toward the first position the compression chamber is in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber for permitting substance to flow from the variable-volume storage chamber into the compression chamber, and (ii) during movement of the manually depressible portion from the first position toward the second position the compression chamber is not in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber and the substance within the compression chamber is pressurized above an opening pressure of the one-way valve and, in turn, the substance is dispensed through the normally closed seam of the one-way valve and out of the dispenser.

2. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein the manually depressible portion is biased by a spring.

3. A dispenser as defined in claim 2, wherein the spring is an elastic spring.

4. A dispenser as defined in claim 3, wherein the elastic spring is dome shaped.

5. A dispenser as defined in claim 2, wherein the spring is connected to the actuator.

6. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein the storage chamber is defined by a flexible bladder.

7. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein the manually engageable actuator at least partially defines the compression chamber.

8. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein the manually engageable actuator is adjacent to the compression chamber.

9. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, further comprising at least one cover for selectively covering and exposing at least one of the dispensing portion and an exterior of the valve.

10. A dispenser as defined in claim 9, wherein the at least one cover is movably mounted on the dispenser.

11. A dispenser as defined in claim 9, wherein the at least one cover is movable between a closed position covering the at least one of the dispensing portion and the exterior of the valve, and an open position exposing the at least one of the dispensing portion and the exterior of the valve.

12. A dispenser for dispensing a substance, comprising:
a body including a variable-volume storage chamber for storing the substance therein;
a one-way valve including a valve seat and a flexible valve cover overlying and forming an interference fit with the valve seat and defining a normally-closed seam therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover and the valve seat, wherein the flexible valve cover is movable relative to the valve seat and the seam is connectable in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber to allow passage of an amount of the substance through the seam and out of the dispenser; and
a pump coupled in fluid communication between the variable-volume storage chamber and the valve seam.

13. A dispenser as defined in claim 12, further comprising an actuator for actuating the pump and, in turn, for pressurizing the substance above a valve opening pressure of the one-way valve and, in turn, for dispensing the substance through the normally closed seam of the one-way valve and out of the dispenser.

14. A dispenser as defined in claim 13, wherein the actuator is a manually engageable actuator.

15. A dispenser for dispensing a substance, comprising:
a body;
a variable-volume storage chamber;
first means connectible in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber for receiving substance from the variable-volume storage chamber and compressing therein the substance;
second means connectible in fluid communication with the first means (i) for normally sealing the first means along a seam and preventing the dispensing of substance below a threshold pressure through the second means, and (ii) for substantially sequentially opening the seam to allow the passage of substance at a pressure greater than the threshold pressure through the second means and out of the dispenser; and
third means (i) for manual engagement and movement from a first position toward a second position, for preventing fluid communication between the first means and the variable-volume storage chamber during movement from the first position toward the second position, and for pressurizing the substance in the first means above the threshold pressure of the second means and dispensing the substance through the second means and out of the dispenser, and (ii) for movement from the second position toward the first position, for allowing fluid communication between the first means and the variable-volume storage chamber during movement from the second position toward the first position, and for permitting substance to flow from the variable-volume storage chamber into the first means;
wherein the second means comprises a one-way valve including a valve seat and a flexible valve cover seated on the valve seat forming an interference fit therewith and defining a normally-closed seam therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover and valve seat.

16. A dispenser as defined in claim 15, wherein the first means is a dispensing portion defining a compression chamber, and the third means is an elastic actuator defining a manually depressible portion.

17. A dispenser as defined in claim 15, further comprising fourth means for reducing the volume of the storage chamber in an amount approximately equal to the volume of the substance dispensed.

18. A dispenser as defined in claim 17, wherein the fourth means is a flexible bladder.

19. A method for storing and dispensing a substance with a dispenser including a variable-volume storage chamber, a dispensing valve including a valve seat, and a flexible valve cover overlying and forming an interference fit with the valve seat and forming a valve seam therebetween, a compression chamber coupled in fluid communication between the variable-volume storage chamber and the valve seam, and a manually engageable actuator defining a manually depressible portion movable between first and second positions and normally biased towards the first position, the method comprising the following steps:
storing substance in the variable-volume storage chamber;
normally sealing the dispensing valve along the valve seam and preventing both the dispensing of substance below a threshold pressure through the valve seam and external contamination of the substance in the variable-volume storage chamber through the valve seam;
manually depressing the manually depressible portion between the first and second positions, wherein (i) during movement of the manually depressible portion from the second position toward the first position, substance is permitted to flow from the variable-volume storage chamber into the compression chamber, and (ii) during movement of the manually engageable portion from the first position toward the second position, substance in the compression chamber is pressurized to a pressure greater than the threshold pressure and, in turn, opening the valve seam to allow the passage of substance at a pressure greater than the threshold pressure through the valve seam and out of the dispenser; and
decreasing the volume of the variable-volume storage chamber in an amount approximately equal to the volume of the substance dispensed.

20. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein an energy required to open portions of the one-way valve decreases in a direction from an interior toward an exterior thereof.

21. A dispenser for dispensing a substance, comprising:
a body including a variable-volume storage chamber for storing the substance therein;
a dispensing portion connected with the body and defining a compression chamber connectable in fluid communication with the storage chamber for receiving substance therefrom, and an outlet aperture coupled in fluid communication with the compression chamber;
a one-way valve including a valve seat and a flexible valve cover overlying and forming an interference fit with the valve seat and defining a normally-closed, seam therebetween forming a fluid-tight seal between the valve cover and the valve seat, wherein the flexible valve cover is movable relative to the valve seat and the seam is connectable in fluid communication with the outlet aperture to allow passage of an amount of the substance through the seam and out of the dispenser;
a manually engageable actuator defining a manually depressible portion movable between first and second positions and biased in the direction from the second position toward the first position;
wherein (i) during movement of the manually depressible portion from the second position toward the first position the compression chamber is in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber for permitting substance to flow from the variable-volume storage chamber into the compression chamber, and (ii) during movement of the manually depressible portion from the first position toward the second position the compression chamber is not in fluid communication with the variable-volume storage chamber and the substance within the compression chamber is pressurized above an opening pressure of the one-way valve and, in turn, the substance is dispensed through the normally closed seam of the one-way valve and out of the dispenser, wherein at least a segment of the valve cover engages the valve seat substantially throughout dispensing of the substance.

22. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein during dispensing of the substance, segments of the valve cover progressively open and then close after passage of substance therethrough in a direction from an the interior toward an exterior of the one-way valve.