**Exhibit      31.1**

**CERTIFICATION      PURSUANT TO**

**SECTION      302(a) OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002**

|   | a. | Designed                such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure                controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to                ensure                that material information relating to the registrant, is made known                to us                by others within those entities, particularly during the period in                which                this report is being prepared; |
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|   | b. | Evaluated                the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures                and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness                of                the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period                covered by this report based on such evaluation;                and |
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|   | c. | Disclosed                in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over                financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent                fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case                of an                annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely                to                materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial                reporting; and |
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|   | a. | All                significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or                operation of internal control over financial reporting which are                reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to                record,                process, summarize and report financial information;                and |
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|   | b. | Any                fraud, whether or not material, that involves persons who have a                significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial                reporting. |
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