# Patent

## Title
Touch sensor

## Abstract

A sensor is disclosed. The sensor may be a touch sensor. The sensor may be incorporated into a water delivery system.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/734,499, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,089,473, filed Apr. 12, 2007 which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/793,885, filed Apr. 20, 2006, the disclosures of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein.


BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to touch sensors and more particularly to touch sensors for use with a user interface having a non-linear surface.
Capacitive touch sensors which are provided on a face of a printed circuit board are known. Further, capacitive touch sensors which are attached to a flexible strip of Mylar are known.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a touch sensor is provided. The touch sensor comprises a rigid base member including a non-linear surface, and at least two spaced apart conductors positioned along the non-linear surface. In an example, the rigid base member is a printed circuit board and the non-linear surface is an edge of the printed circuit board. In one variation the non-linear surface is curved. In another example, the at least two spaced apart conductors are connected to a controller which is configured to determine the location of a user's finger relative to the non-linear surface. In a further example, the non-linear surface has a profile which matches a profile of a cover.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a touch sensor is provided. The touch sensor comprises a rigid base member including a first side, and at least two spaced apart conductors positioned along the first side. In an example, a first one of the two spaced apart conductors is positioned proximate to a top edge of the rigid base member, and a second one of the two spaced apart conductors is positioned proximate to a bottom edge of the rigid base member.
In a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a touch sensor is provided. The touch sensor comprises a rigid base member including a first side, and a capacitive sensor element provided generally along the first side. In an example, the capacitive sensor includes two spaced apart conductors. In another example, the capacitive sensor is a slider sensor.
In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a touch sensor is provided. The touch sensor comprises a rigid base member including a first side, and a sensor element provided generally along the first side. In an example, the sensor element is a capacitive sensor.
In yet a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a water delivery system is provided. The water delivery system comprises an elongated curved spout having an internal waterway, and a user interface coupled to the spout, The user interface including a cover having a non-linear profile along a first direction, and a sensor positioned below the cover having a non-linear profile which generally matches the non-linear profile of the cover. In an example, the sensor includes a rigid base member and a capacitive sensor provided generally along a first side of the rigid base member.
Additional features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments exemplifying the best mode of carrying out the invention as presently perceived.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The detailed description of the drawings particularly refers to the accompanying figures in which:
FIG. 1 is generally a side view of an exemplary touch sensor;
FIG. 2 is a representative top view of the touch sensor of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the touch sensor of FIG. 1 coupled to a controller board whereto an output display is also coupled;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an exemplary user interface for use with the touch sensor of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 5 is a generally bottom view of the exemplary user interface of FIG. 4 with the touch sensor of FIG. 1 placed in a holder.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The embodiments of the invention described herein are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Rather, the embodiments selected for description have been chosen to enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention. Although the disclosure is described as a touch sensor for use in connection with a water delivery system, it should be understood that the touch sensor may be used in various applications and should not be limited to use in connection with a water delivery system.
Referring to FIG. 1, a touch sensor 100 is shown. Sensor 100 includes a base member 102 having an edge surface or side 104. In one embodiment, base member 102 is generally rigid. In the illustrated embodiment, edge surface 104 has a non-linear profile. In another embodiment, edge surface 104 has a linear profile and/or a combination of one or more linear profile segments and one or more non-linear profile segments. As explained herein, the profile of edge surface 104 may be selected to match a profile of a cover, such as cover 200 in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Additional exemplary covers are provided in U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60,794,229 filed Apr. 20, 2006, titled “Electronic User Interface for Electronic Mixing of Water for Residential Faucets,” Attorney Docket No. DFC-P0028, listing Robert W. Rodenbeck et al. as inventors (referred to herein as “User Interface Patent Application”), the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein. As explained in the User Interface Patent Application, touch sensors, such as touch sensor 100, are used to communicate user inputs to a controller, such as controller 120, which adjusts a valve 116 based at least in part on such user inputs.
In the illustrated embodiment, base member 102 is a printed circuit board and edge surface 104 is a side of the printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is generally rigid or stiff. Referring to FIG. 2, an exemplary representation of edge surface 104 is shown. Edge surface 104 includes a central portion 108 which is the material of the printed circuit board. Spaced apart top and bottom portions 110A and 110B are made of a conductive material, such as copper. Spaced apart portions 110A and 110B form the capacitive portion of sensor 100. Spaced apart portions are shown to coincide with a top edge and a bottom edge of edge surface 104. In one embodiment, one or both of portions 110A and 110B may be offset from the respective edge of edge surface 104.
In the illustrated embodiment, the copper of portions 110A and 110B are applied to the printed circuit board such that portions 110A and 110B are a part of edge surface 104. In another embodiment, the copper is not a part of edge surface 104, but is rather backed away from edge surface 104 by an offset amount. In one example, an offset amount of up to about five thousands of an inch. In the illustrated embodiment, edge surface 104 is the material of the printed circuit board. In other embodiments edge surface 104 may be made of other materials.
Sensor 100 includes a plurality of leads 112A-F (leads are on both sides of sensor 100) which connect with copper portions 110A and 110B. These leads are coupled through resistors to two output wires 114A and 114B. Output wires 114A and 114B are coupled to controller 116 which monitors one or more electrical characteristics, such as capacitance, between wires 114A and 114B. As a user brings his or her finger into the area of a portion of edge 104, the capacitance value between wires 114A and 114B is altered. Based on the monitored capacitance value, controller 116 is able to determine the location of a user's finger along edge surface 104. Controller 116 may detect a rapid touch of an area of edge surface 104 and/or may track the movement of a finger as it slides along edge surface 104. In one embodiment, controller 116 may distinguish between 128 various locations along edge surface 104.
In one embodiment, controller 116 is a Model No. QT401 touch slider integrated circuit available from Quantum Research Group whose North American headquarters are located at 651 Holiday Drive, Bldg. 5/300, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15220. Additional details about the QT401 are provided in Appendix A of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/793,885, filed Apr. 20, 2006, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein and one or more of the following U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,730,165; 6,288,707; 6,377,009; 6,452,514; 6,457,355; 6,466,036; and 6,535,200, the disclosures of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein.
In one embodiment, controller 116 is a Model No. QT411 touch slider integrated circuit also available from Quantum Research Group. Additional details about the QT411 are provided in Appendix B of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/793,885, filed Apr. 20, 2006, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein and one or more of the following U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,730,165; 6,288,707; 6,377,009; 6,452,514; 6,457,355; 6,466,036; and 6,535,200, the disclosures of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein.
In one embodiment, controller 116 utilizes PSoCTM CapSenseTM technology available from Cypress Semiconductor located at 198 Champion Ct., San Jose, Calif. 95134. Additional details about the PSoCTM CapSenseTM technology are provided in Appendix C of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/793,885, filed Apr. 20, 2006, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein. In another embodiment, controller 116 utilizes E-Field technology available from Freescale Semiconductor having its Technical Information Center located at Technical Information Center CH 370, 1300 N. Alma School Road, Chandler, Ariz. 85224. Additional details about the E-Field technology are provided in Appendix D of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/793,885, filed Apr. 20, 2006, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein.
Additional layouts of conductive portions are provided in the various Appendices A-D of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/793,885, filed Apr. 20, 2006, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein. The additional layouts may be used on edge surface 104 of base member 102.
Referring to FIG. 3, sensor 100 is shown coupled to a second circuit board 130 which includes controller 116. Second circuit board 130 is further coupled to a third circuit board 132 having a plurality of indicator devices 134, illustratively light emitting diodes. Indicator devices 134 are located on both sides of third circuit board 132. The indicator devices 134 visible in FIG. 3 are electronically coupled to a second sensor 100 (not shown) which is coupled to second circuit board 130 generally in area 136 while the indicator devices 134 on the backside of third circuit board 132 are electronically coupled to sensor 100.
In one embodiment, indicator devices 134 indicate a selected parameter of sensor 100. For instance, assuming the visible indicators 134 were electronically coupled to sensor 100 for the sake of illustration, if a user touches or slides their finger to a location 140 on edge surface 104 then the corresponding first five indicators 134A-E would illuminate to indicate the current selected parameter. In contrast, had the user touched or slid their finger to location 142 then only the corresponding first three indicators 134A-C would illuminate to indicate the current selected parameter. Assuming the user initially touches location 140 and slides their finger to location 142 then initially the first five indicators 134A-E would be lit, then the first four 134A-D (corresponding to location 144), and finally then the first three indicators 134A-C corresponding to location 142. In one embodiment, sensor 100 is used to control the temperature of water provided by a water delivery system and the second sensor 100 (not shown) is used to control the flow rate of water provided by the water delivery system. Details regarding the control of temperature and flow rate of water are found in the User Interface Patent Application which has been incorporated by reference herein.
In one embodiment, indicator devices 134 indicate a current value of the a parameter controlled by the input to sensor 100. For example, assuming sensor 100 corresponds to water temperature, only the first indicator 134A may be lit to indicate that the current water temperature is cold. The user touches location 140 to request a warmer temperature of water. As the water temperature rises, second indicator 134B becomes lit, followed by indicators 134C-E in succession.
Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, a cover 200 is shown for attachment to a spout (not shown) of a water delivery device. Cover 200 corresponds to the interface that a user touches to provide input to sensor 100 and second sensor 100 (not shown). Referring to FIG. 4, cover 200 includes a first indicia 202 which generally is positioned above second sensor 100 (not shown) and corresponds to the flow rate of water. Cover 200 further includes a second indicia 204 which generally is positioned above sensor 100 and corresponds to the temperature of water. Cover 200 further includes a window 206 which permits the light generated by indicator devices 134 to be visible from an exterior of cover 200.
Referring to FIG. 5, cover 200 includes a recess 210 that corresponds generally to the region of indicia 202 and 204 and window 206 on the exterior of cover 200. Cover 200 includes holders 212 in recess 210 which receive the respective edge surface 104 of each sensor 100. In one embodiment, a wall thickness from recess 210 to the exterior of cover 200 is generally constant. In one example, the wall thickness is about 0.005 inches. In one embodiment, cover 200 is made of a polymeric material, such as plastic, which has been injection molded.
Further, the profile of edge surface 104 of sensor 100 is selected to generally match the profile of cover 200 along direction 220. As such, assuming edge 104 is generally flush the interior wall of recess 210 the user may bring their finger within about 0.005 inches of the respective edge surface 104 of each sensor 100 regardless of their position along the respective indicia 202 and 204.
As generally shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, cover 200 has a non-linear profile in both directions 220 and 222. In one embodiment, due to the thickness of base member 102, the curvature in direction 222 is generally negligible and the profile of edge surface 104 is contoured to match the profile of cover 200 in direction 220. In one embodiment, the profile of edge surface 104 is contoured to match the profile of cover 200 in both direction 220 and 222.
In one embodiment, sensor 100 generally focuses its field vertically out of edge 104. As such, when sensor 100 is implemented in connection with a spout (not shown) that is made of metal, such as chrome, the effect of the metal is minimized due to the field being generally isolated above cover 200.
In one embodiment, wherein cover 200 has a non-linear profile in one of directions 220 and 222 and a linear or generally liner profile in the other of directions 220 and 222, sensor 100 may be replaced with a flexible sensor (not shown). An example of a flexible sensor is a flexible polymeric material, such as a polyester film (Mylar), substrate having an adhesive. Using the adhesive, the substrate may be attached to an inside of cover 200 (holders 212 are not included). On the opposite side of the substrate copper is etched on to form the capacitive element of the sensor. The capacitive element is coupled to controller 116 like sensor 100.
The entire disclosure of the User Interface Patent Application is expressly incorporated by reference herein to provide additional details about exemplary water delivery systems.
Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to certain preferred embodiments, variations and modifications exist within the spirit and scope of the invention as described and defined in the following claims.

## Claims

1. A user interface of a water delivery system, the user interface comprising:
a cover having an exterior surface and an interior surface;
a capacitive sensor positioned adjacent the interior surface of the cover, the capacitive sensor including a rigid base member having a top surface, a bottom surface, and a side surface, the side surface positioned adjacent the interior surface of the cover and at least two spaced apart conductors positioned proximate the side surface of the rigid base member; and
a controller operatively coupled to the capacitive sensor, the controller being configured to determine a location of a user's finger proximate the exterior surface of cover relative to the at least two spaced apart conductors positioned proximate the side surface of the capacitive sensor, the controller configured to control one of a temperature of water provided by the water delivery system and a flow rate of water provided by the water delivery system based on the location of the user's finger relative to the side surface of the capacitive sensor.

2. The user interface of claim 1, wherein the rigid base member is a printed circuit board and the side surface is an edge of the printed circuit board.

3. The user interface of claim 1, wherein the side surface includes a non-linear surface, the at least two spaced apart conductors positioned proximate the side surface of the capacitive sensor generally following the non-linear surface.

4. The user interface of claim 3, wherein the non-linear surface is curved.

5. The user interface of claim 4, wherein the non-linear surface has a profile which matches a profile of a cover, the profile of the exterior surface of the cover being convex.

6. The user interface of claim 1, wherein a first one of the at least two spaced apart conductors is positioned proximate to a first shared edge of the top surface and the side surface and a second one of the at least two spaced apart conductors is positioned proximate to a second shared edge of the bottom surface and the side surface.

7. The user interface of claim 6, wherein the first one and the second one of the at least two spaced apart conductors are positioned on the side surface.

8. The user interface of claim 1, wherein the capacitive sensor is a slider sensor.

9. The user interface of claim 1, wherein the water delivery system includes a spout, the rigid base member of the capacitive sensor being supported by the spout.

10. The user interface of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to control the temperature of water provided by the water delivery system based on the location of the user's finger relative to the side surface of the capacitive sensor.

11. The user interface of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to control the flow rate of water provided by the water delivery system based on the location of the user's finger relative to the side surface of the capacitive sensor.

12. The user interface of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to detect a rapid touch of the user's finger on the exterior surface of the cover.

13. The user interface of claim 12, wherein the cover is supported by a spout of the water delivery system.

14. The user interface of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to detect a movement of the user's finger along the exterior surface of the cover.

15. The user interface of claim 14, wherein the cover is supported by a spout of the water delivery system.

16. The user interface of claim 1, further comprising a second capacitive sensor operatively coupled to the controller, the capacitive sensor corresponding to the temperature of the water provided by the water delivery system and the second capacitive sensor corresponding to the flow rate of the water provided by the water delivery system.

17. The user interface of claim 16, wherein the second capacitive sensor is positioned adjacent the interior surface of the cover.

18. The user interface of claim 1, further comprising a second capacitive sensor operatively coupled to the controller, the second capacitive sensor corresponding to the temperature of the water provided by the water delivery system and the capacitive sensor corresponding to the flow rate of the water provided by the water delivery system.

19. The user interface of claim 18, wherein the second capacitive sensor is positioned adjacent the interior surface of the cover.

20. The user interface of claim 1, further comprising visual indicator devices providing an indication of a selected parameter of the capacitive sensor.