ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND ASSESSMENT OFFICE 

OFFICE Of HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 

OFFICE Of RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

CINCINNATI, OH 45268 

REPRODUCED BY 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

NATIONAL TECHNlCAL 

INFORMATION SERVICE 

SPRINGFIELD, VA 22161 
i i 
The first draft of this project was prepared under contract No. 

68 03-3228 with Syracuse Research Corporation. 

i i 1 
3.3.3. 

Rabbits .. 

3.4. LIVESTOCK .... 

3.5. 

3.4.1. 

3.4.2. 

3.4.3. 

Cattle ... Chickens .. Pigs. 

WILDLIFE . 

4. INHALATION RATES. 

5. WATER CONSUMPTION • 

6. FOOD CONSUMPTION. 

7. INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FOOD AND WATER CONSUMPTION . 

B. REFERENCES .............••......•. 

iv 

3-143 

3-152 

3-152 

3-152 

3-164 

3-164 

4-1 

5-1 

6-1 

7-1 

8-1 
3-4 

3-5 

3-6 

3-7 

3-8 

3-9 

3-10 

3-11 

3-12 

3-13 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Rats . . . . . . . . . . 

Reference Values for Body Weights of Various Strains 

of Rats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Guinea Pigs. 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Hamsters . . . . 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Gerbils. 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Cats . 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Dogs 

Growth and Body Weight Data on RabbHs. . . . . . . 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Livestock. 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Wildl He . . . . 

v 

. 

. 

3-62 

3-91 

3-95 

3-104 

3-118 

3-126 

3-132 

3-144 

3-153 

3-170 
vi 
3-9 

3-10 

3-11 

3-12 

3-13 

3-14 

3-15 

3-16 

3-17 

3-18 

Body Weight Data on Male Rhesus Monkeys .... 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Rhesus Monkeys 

Extended by Assuming a Mature Body Weight of 12 kg .. 

Body Weight Data on Female Rhesus Monkeys ..... 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Rhesus Monkeys. 

Extended by Assuming a Mature Body Weight of 9 kg . 

Body Weight Data on Male and Female Chimpanzees . 

Body Weight Data on Male Marmosets. 

Body Weight Data on Female Marmosets. . 

Body Weight Data on Male and Female Mice. 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male B6C3Fl Mice . 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female B6C3Fl Mice 

vii 

3-17 

3-18 

3-19 

3-20 

3-22 

3-23 

3-24 

3-50 

3-56 

3-57 
3-32 

3-33 

3-34 

3-35 

3-36 

3-37 

3-38 

3-39 

3-40 

3-41 

3-42 

Recommended Gorwth Curve for Female Guinea Pigs . 

Body Weight Data on Hamsters. 

Growth Data on Male Hamsters. 

Growth Data on Female Hamsters .. 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Hamsters. 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Hamsters •. 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Chinese Hamsters. 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Chinese Hamsters. 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Mongolian Gerbils . 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Mongolian Gerbils 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Cats .... 

vi i1 

3-103 

3-109 

3-111 

3-112 

3-113 

3-114 

3-115 

3-116 

3-123 

3-124 

3-129 
3-57 

3-58 

3-59 

3-60 

3-61 

4-1 

4-2 

4-3 

Growth Data on Domest1c and Min1ature P1gs. 

Growth Data on Larger Domestic Pigs . 

Growth Data on Smaller Domestic Pigs. 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male M1nk. 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Mink. 

Linear Plot of the Relat1onship of M1nute volume {~) 

to Body Weight {kg) . . . . . . . ...... . 

Log-Log Plot of the Relationship of Minute Volume {~) 

to Body Weight {kg) ..........•... 

Allometric Relationship of Minute Volume (t) to Body Weight {kg) for All Spec1es ........•. 

lx 

3-167 

3-168 

3-169 

3-174 

3-115 

4-10 

4-11 

4-14 
4-14 

5-l 

5-2 

5-3 

5-4 

5-5 

Allometric Relationship of Minute Volume {t) to Body 

Weight (kg) for Rabbits . . . . . . .... 

Plot of Water Consumption (t/day) vs. Body Weight (kg) 

for All Species .•..•...•..•......... 

Allometric Relationship of Drinking Water (t/day) to Body 

Weight (kg) for All Species, Except Marmots ...... . 

Allometric Relationship of Drinking Water (t/day) to Body 

Weight (kg) for Primates ..•.•............ 

Allometric Relationship of Drinking Water (tlday) to Body 

Weight (kg) for laboratory Mammals {Gerbils, Guinea Pigs, 

Hamsters, Mice, Rats, Cats, Dogs and Rabbits) •.•... 

Allometric Relationship of Drinking Water {t/day) to Body 

Weight (kg} for Dogs .........•....•.... 

X 

4-27 

5-15 

5-16 

5-17 

5-18 

5-19 
6-9 Allometric Relationship of Food Consumption {kg/day) to 

Body Weight (kg) for Mice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21 

6-10 Allometric Relationship of Food Consumption (kg/day) to 

Body Weight (kg) for Rats. Including Pregnant and 

Lactating Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22 

6-11 

6-12 

6-13 

6-14 

Allometric Relationship of Food Consumption {kg/day) to 

Body Weight {kg) for Rats. Excluding Pregnant and 

Lactating Animals ..........•........ 

Allometric Relationship of Food Consumption (kg/day) to 

Body Weight (kg) for Cats ..............• 

Allometric Relationship of Food Consumption {kg/day} to 

Body Weight {kg} for Rabbits ....•.......•• 

Allometric Relationship of Food Consumption (kg/day) to 

Body Weight {kg) for Chickens ............ . 

6-23 

6-24 

6-25 

6-26 
7-9 

Plot of Food Consumption (kg/day} vs. Water Consumption (l/day) vs. Body Weight (kg) for Animals on Moist Diets 

xn 

7-18 
x111 
conversions d1scussed above and should not be used as a surrogate for 

"historical control" data by which the response in an animal group is 

assessed (e.g., decreased body weight or survival}. 

This report is a substantial expansion and revision of an earlier effort 

(U.S. EPA, 1985b} that was in turn an effort to provide further documentation of recormw.•nded valuc'.i for hur~~an:;, rats and mice, proposed and used by 

the Agency (U.S. EPA, 1980) to prepare amb1ent water qual1ty criter1a. When 

appropr1ate. the earlier reports are referred to for comparlson. Since this 

report contalns much lnforrnation not used in the prevlous verslons, 

virtually all of the recommended default values have been changed. Given 

the many uncertaint1es in risk assessment (relat1vely few of which are 

1988A 1-1 09/08/87 
assessments made by different individuals or groups at different times may 

be compared 111orc clearly. allow1ng disagn~emt..'!nts to focus on important 

sclentif1c judgments ratl1er than more mundane and trivial differences in 

assumptions of body weight and other biological variables. By documenting 

these biological variables and providing a rationale for the recommended 

values, this report at least provides a basis for further discusslon from 

which a consensus can be reached. 

While the absolute magnitude of the recommended values may be of secondary importance in risk assessment. biological values must be reasonably 

accurate and reflect the available information if dose-response assessments 

are to be made properly. This is obvious in considering the mechanics of 

l9B8A l-2 09/08/87 
5. Water Consumption 

6. Food Consumption 

7. Relationship of Food and Water Consumption 

This chapter includes a summary of :the recommended values needed most 

often and is intended to be used as a separate document, H needed. While 

H contains little documentation or discussion, the other chapters contain 

detailed data summaries and analyses as well as some less commonly used recommended values. For instance, Chapter 3 includes recommended body weights 

on >30 strains of mice, none of which are commonly {but all of which have 

been at times) used ln toxlclty studles. These recommended body welghts 

could be used, based on the relationships discussed ln other 

1988A 1-3 09/02/87 
y p

for lifespan should not be used to assess the significance of survival data 

reported in toxicity studies unless the extent of the decrease is judged 

substantial, in which case, the specific recommended value is of little 

importance. The recommended values for weaning and puberty are reasonably 

well-documented. Estimates of ages at weaning and puberty could be, but 

have not been, made from allometric relationships. All of the recommended 

values summarized in Table 1-1, however. are typical and are taken from 

published observations. 

1988A 1-4 09/03/87 
Cats 49 240 15 

Dogs, Beagles 42 240 15 

Rabbits, 56 195 6 

(New Zealand) 

OTHER ANIMALS 

Chicken NA NA 24 

Pig NR 150 27 

Mink 56 300 NR 

*Substantial strain var i abi 1 ity 

NA = Not applicable; NR = not reported 

1988A 1-5 09/03/87 
be used to extend growth curves when needed. 

The subchronic and chronic body weights are the time-weighted average 

{TWA) body weights for laboratory rodents and other laboratory mammals over 

the period from weaning to 90 days ( 11 subchronic) and from weaning to 730 

days postweaning (chronic). Subchronic and chronic are operationally 

defined in order to make the values applicable to standard 90-day and 2-year 

bioassays, respectively. These can be used not only to estimate average 

body weights but also, with the allometric relationships discussed below and 

summarized in Table 1-3, to calculate intake estimates for standard 

subchronic and chronic toxicity studies. The subchronic and chronic body 

weights for mammals are age-specific as specified in Table 1-2. 

1988A 1-6 09/25/87 
....... 

"" co co 

> 

....... 

I 

...,J 

0 

"" ' 0 t.) 

' co ...,J 

Group 

Primates 

laboratory roden
...... 

<D 

Qj 

Qj 

> 

Group 

laboratory rodents 

(cont. ) 

...... 

I 

Qj 

Other laboratory 

mannals 

0 

Qj 

....... 

0 

....... 

....... 

Qj 

....... 
....... 

1.0 

CXl CXl 

> 

....... 

I 

1.0 

0 

CD 

....... 

0 

....... ....... 

CXl 

....... 

Group 

Other animals* 

*More specHic 

specles • 

v
correlation coefflcients and high levels of statistical s1gnificance, are 

not likely to be the same as true allometric relationships within a species. 

The reason for this is that young. growing members of a "heav1er" species 

will consume more food and water than mature {nongrowing) members of a 

"lighter" species, both having the same body weight {e.g .• a 10-pound dog 

and a 10-pound child). The significance of age specificity for allometric 

relationships 1n inhalation rates has been reviewed by Mortola (1987). 

Based on the recommended body weights summarized in Table 1-2 and the 

appropriate allometric equations g1ven in Table l-3. corresponding recommended inhalation rates, water consumption rates and food consumption rates 

are given in Tables 1-4, 1-5 and 1-6, respectively. 

1988A 1-10 09/25/87 
FOOD CONSUMPTION RATES 

All species combined F = 0.065 w0.7919 0.95 6-2 

Laboratory mammals F 0. 056 wo. 6611 0.87 6--4 

Gerbils F = 0.1 12 wl.0583 0.80 6-6 

Guinea pigs F = o.041 w0.3308 0.75 6-7 

Hamsters F = o.082 w0.9285 0. 96 6-8 

Rabbits F = 0.041 w0.7898 0. 73 6-13 

Chickens F = o.o75 w0.8449 0.97 6-14 

BODY WEIGHT TO FOOD OR WATER CONSUMPTION 

Dry diet: all species F = 0.049 w0.6087 {0.90) Eq. 7-5 t 7-6 

c = 0.093 w0.7584 (0.89} Eq. 7-6 t 7-6 

Wet diet: all species F = o.o54 c0.9451 (0.95} Eq. 7-7 t 7-7 

c = 0.009 Fl.2044 (0.91} Eq. 7-8 t 7-7 

l988A 1-11 09/03/87 
1988A 1-12 09/03/87 
-' 

1..0 

cc cc 

)> 

-' 

I 

-' 

c..J 

0 

1..0 

....... 

0 

c..J 

....... 

cc 

-.1 

Group 

Pr1mates 

Laboratory roden
_. 

<D 

cc 

cc 

> 

_. 

I 

__. 

4:1> 

0 

<D 

' 0 N 

' cc -.J 

Group 

Laboratory rodent

(cont. } 

Other Laboratory 

Manwa 1 s 
--' 

0..0 

CXl CXl 

l> 

Group 

Other An\malsa.c 

aMore specific va

bspec\es-spec\fic 

are s\m\lar in b

--' 

I 

--' c.n cvalues for this 

0 

0..0 

........ 

0 

1'\.) 

........ 

CXl 

_, 

NS ; Not specifie
0 

c..O 

' 0 w ' CD ......! 
..... 

o.O 

co 

co 

::t:o 

Group 

Laboratory rodent

(cont.} 

..... 

I 

..... 

-./ 

Other laboratory 

0 

o.O 

....... 

0 

N 

....... 

co 

-./ 
...... 

t.O 

CD 

CD 

> 

...... 

Group 

Other Animalsb,c 

aBased on allome

bMore specific va

~ Cfor cats and dog

CD 

0 

t.O 

.... 

0 

w 

.... 

CD 

..... 

dfor mink, a moi

NS = Not specifie
....... 

co "" co 

> 

....... 

I 

....... 

"" 

0 

"" ' 0 w 

' co -.1 

Group 

Pr 1matesa 

Laboratory roden
...... 

..0 

co 

co 

> 

Group 

Laboratory roden

(cont.) 

...... 

I 

1'\J 

0 

Other laboratory 

0 

..0 

' 

0 

1'\J 

' co 

..... 
-' 

c..O 

CXl 

CXl 

l> 

-' 

I 

Group 

Other Animalsc 

aaased on general 

baased on allome

~ CHore speciftc va

0 

c..O 

' 0 1"\,) 

' CXl -s 

dfor cats and dog

eror mink, a mois

NS = Not specifie
ypppy qpp

maximum values. 

The use of recommended or typical lifespans. as well as ages at weaning 

and puberty. can be practical in risk assessment to determine the applicability of toxicity bioassays varying in exposure duration to potential 

human health effects. For instance. the 11 equivalency of lifespans 11 is an 

implicit assumption in many risk assessments: the exposure of an animal for 

the lifespan of the animal can be used without adjustment (i.e .• without the 

application of an uncertainty factor of 10 for subchronic to chronic 

exposure) to assess potential human health effects over a lHespan. As 

illustrated in Figure 2-1. the growth curves of species for which lifespan 

growth data are available (humans. mice, rats and gerbils} are similar. but 

1989A 2-1 09/02/87 
_, 

I.C 

Q) 

I.C Animal Group Specie

> 

Pr\mates baboon 

baboon 

baboon 

baboon 

chimpanz

chimpanz

chimpanz

chimpanz

gibbon 

gibbon 

gorilla 

gorilla 

gorilla 

gorIlla 

gorilla 

1'\,) 

I great ape 

1'\,) 

human 

human 

1angur 

lemur 

lemur 

marmoset 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

0 monkey 

"" ' monkey 

0 monkey 

co 

' monkey 

co monkey 

-...1 
..... Animal Group Specie

..c 

co 

..c 

> Primates (cont.) monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

orangutan 

orangutan 

orangutan 

primate 

primate 

tamar In 

laboratory rodents gerbil 

gerb1l 

gerbll 

gerbil 

gerbll 

gerbil 

1'1,) gerbil 

I gerbil 

(,.) gerbil 

gerbil 

gerbl l 

gerbll 

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

hamster 

hamster 

0 hamster 

..c 

....... hamster 

0 hamster 

co 

....... hamster 

co 

...,j 
_, Anlmal Group Spec les 

ID 

co 

ID 

> Laboratory rodents hamster 

(cont.) hamster 

hamster hamster hamster 

hamster hamster hamster hamster 

hamster hamster hamster hamster 

hamster hamster hamster hamster 

hamster 

mouse 

1'\,) mouse 

I mouse 

mouse mouse mouse 

mouse mouse mouse mouse 

mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse 

mouse mouse mouse 

mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse 

0 mouse 

ID 

...... mouse 

0 mouse 

co mouse 

...... 

co 

-.1 
..... 

1.0 

c:o An lma 1 Group Speci

1.0 

> 

Laboratory rodents mouse 

(cont.) mouse 

mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse mouse mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse 

1'\,) mouse 

I 

1.11 mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse mouse 

mouse 

0 mouse 

c:o mouse 

....... 

0 mouse 

....., mouse 

....... mouse 

c:o 

....., mouse 

mouse 
...J Anlmal Group Specie

1.1:1 

1.1:1 = 

> Laboratory rodents mouse 

(cont.} mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

"' rat 

I rat 

a> rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

Q rat 

\C 

........ rat 

Q rat 

= 

........ rat 

= _, rat 
..... An lma 1 Group Spec le

~ CX) ~ > laboratory rodents rat 

(cont.) rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

Other laboratory cat 

animals cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

!'\.) dog 

I dog 

-.1 dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

rabblt 

rabbit 

rabblt 

rabblt 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabblt 

0 rabbit 

~ ........ rabbit 

0 

CX) 

........ 

CX) 

-.1 
...... 

I.C 

c:c 

I.C 

> 

N 

I 

c:c 

0 

I.C 

...... 

0 

c:c 

...... 

c:c 

...,j 

Animal Group Specie

Other laboratory rabbit animals (cont.) rabbit rabbit 

(volcano

WlldlHe chinchil

chinchil

ferret ferret ferret 

ferret 

hedgehog 

langur 

mink mink 

mink 

mink 

raccoon 

raccoon 

shrew 

tarsier v

vole 

vole 

vole 

vole 

NOS = Not otherwise specified 
Cats 49 240 15 

Dogs. beagles 42 240 15 

Rabbits. New Zealand 56 195 6 

Other animals 

Chicken NA NA 24 

Pig NR 150 28 

Mink 56 300 NR 

*SubstanUal strain variability 

NA = Not applicable; NR = not reported 

1989A 2-9 09/02/87 
of 11fespan. After this time, the growth curves are not remarkably 

different except for the sh1wer and nearly lirwar growth of rats and female 

mice over the period !Jetwcen 20 and 70% of growth models such as the 

Dcrtalanffy, Gornpctlz and louhtic equations were applied to many sets of 

growth data sum1nar1zed in this report. Wh'le growth lHespan. For humans, 

rats and mice. sex-specHic differences in growth are apparent; males grow 

more rapidly and reach a plateau sooner than females. 

A large body of literature exists on growth kinetlcs and the 1ntcrpretation of differences 1n growth patterns (Oonhoffer. 1986; K\rkwood, 1985; 

Moore, 1985; Prothero, 1986; R1cker, 1979; Zullinger et al.. 1984). Various 

growth models such as the Bertalanffy, Gompertz and log1st1c equations were 

appl1ed to many sets of growth data summarized in this report. While growth 

1989A 2-10 09/08/67 
1989A 

 

0.6 I 

" A 0., X 

~ 0.4 

~ 

I 0.3 

0.2 ¥ 

0.1 

~ 

8 I-' i I ! I . i ! I i ! ; ~ ~ ' ~ 

Q .;p_• ' ~ ~ ! ; t ~ ; 

' ! ' ~ ' l ! 

lrll '. ~ ; ! i i ·e~ ! ! ! ' ~ ! ~ FEMALES ~ i ; ~ ! i 

' ' /: : i I i ' 

t f l i i i • II.IMS 

i i ' ' l ~ ' 0 RATS 

~ i ! i i i j i • MICE i j 

~ ~ ~ ! ~ l : <> WilLS i ! 

' i j ' ' i i i I ! l I ! i ! : : ; ! ' ' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 

0.1 0.2 o.3 o.4 o., o.6 o. 1 o.a o.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.' 

PIOPOITI Otl or L1 nSPAH 

FIGURE 2-1 

Plot of Relat1ve Hax1mum We1ght vs. Proport1on of·Recommended 

L1fespan for Hale and Female Humans, H1ce, Rats and Gerb1ls 

2-11 08/07/87 
~ 0.5 

f 

1'1 

u 0.4 

" 

f 0.3 

0.2 ¥ 

0.1 

. "'i 

..., l • o~.i o • !. 

...6 i· 

- 1 0 o i • 

! ' 

FEMALES 

I 

0.05 

• tut:IHS 

o IATS 

• ttiCI 

<> CIIIILS 

I I I 

0.10 0.15 0.20 

I'IOJ'1)ITI OH or L I mPAI'I 

FIGURE 2-2 

I 

0.25 

I 

o.x. 

Plot of Re1at1ve Max1mum We1ght vs. Proport1on of Recommended LHespan 

for Male and Female Humans, M1ce, Rats and Gerb1ls Over the F1rst 30% of 

Recommended Value for L1fespan 

1989A 2-12 09/02/87 
are summarized in Table 23. 

While the methodological applicat h111 of thc'.;c rehd, ion;;hips to risk 

asses:>ment is beyond the scope of this report. the term, subchronic, is 

ill-defined in the literature on risk assessment. The 11 standard 90-day 

subchronlc study" docs not cover the same developmental per1ods among 

species connncmly used in toxicity $ludh•s, and it 111~1Y be~ inappropriate to 

treat such studies in the same way {l.e., same uncertainty factor}. If 

puberty is taken as a key dt:vt~lopmental event during growth, a speciesspecific definition of a subchronic study could be proposed as a study that 

covers the period from weaning to puberty and an equal period beyond 

puberty. This would correspond to a value of 2 in the third column of Table 

2-3 for each species. 

1989A 2·-13 09/08/87 
Cats 49 240 0.47 

Dogs. beagles 42 240 0.23 

Rabbits. New Zealand 56 195 0.65 

Other animals 

Mink 56 300 0. 37 

1989A 2-14 09/02/87 
curve. Whenever all of the available growth data are not used in recommending body weights. both kinds of figures are provided. 

3.1. PRIMATES 

Data on the growth and body weight of primates are summarized in Table 

3-1. Growth and body weight data over the entire lifespan are available 

only for humans. The most complete published information on human growth is 

provided by Stoudt et al. (1960) on male and female Caucasians. The Stoudt 

et al. (1960} data are generally consistent with other published information. 

l990A 3-1 09/02/87 
-' 

loCI loCI 

0 

> Spec1es Strain 

Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS Chimpanzees NS 

Humans CaucasiaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasiaHumans Caucasia

I Humans Caucasia

I',) Humans Caucasia

Humans CaucasIaHumans CaucasIaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasIaHumans CaucasIa

Humans CaucasIaHumans CaucasIa

Humans CaucasIaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasIaHumans Caucasia

Humans CaucasIaHumans CaucasIa

Humans CaucasIaHumans CaucasIaHumans Caucas taHumans CaucasIaHumans CaucasiaHumans Caucasia

0 Humans Caucasia

co 

..... Humans Caucasia

-' Humans CaucasIa

0 

..... Humans Caucas 1a

co Humans CaucasIa

-.1 
_, 

..0 Species Strain ..0 

0 

> 

Humans CaucasIaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasIa

Humans Caucas tan Humans CaucasIaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasIaHumans CaucastaHumans CaucasIaHumans CaucasiaHumans CaucasiaHumans NS Humans NS Humans NS 

Humans NS 

(..,) Humans NS 

I 

(..,) Humans NS 

Humans Caucasian Humans Caucasian 

Humans CaucasIan Humans CaucasIan Humans CaucasIan Humans CaucasIan Humans CaucasIan Humans Caucasian Humans Caucasian Humans CaucasIan Humans Caucasian Humans Caucasian Humans Caucasian 

Humans CaucasIan 

Humans CaucasIan Humans Caucasian 

Humans Caucasian Humans CaucasIan 

0 Humans CaucasIan 00 Humans Caucasian 

....... 

_, Humans Caucasian 

0 Humans Caucasian 

....... 

00 Humans Caucasian 

...,J 
...I 

I.C Species StraIn I.C 

0 

> 

Humans Caucasian Humans Caucas \an 

Humans Caucas \an Humans Caucas \an 

Humans Caucasian Humans Caucasian 

Humans Caucasian Humans Caucasian Humans CaucasIan Humans Caucasian 

Humans Caucasian Humans Caucasian Humans Caucasian Humans Caucas \an Humans Caucasian Humans Caucas \an Humans Caucasian 

Humans Caucas \an Humans Caucasian 

(.,:) Humans Caucasian 

I 

.,. Humans Caucas \an 

Humans Caucas \an Humans Caucasian Humans NS Humans NS Humans NS Humans NS 

Humans NS Humans NS 

Humans NS Humans NS Humans NS Humans NS Humans NS 

Humans NS Humans NS 

Humans NS Humans NS 

0 Humans NS 

co 

....... Marmosets 

...I conmon 

0 Marmosets conmon 

....... 

co Marmosets conmon 

......., Marmosets conmon 
-

1.0 Spec1es Stra1n 1.0 

0 

> 

Marmosets COIIIIIOn Marmosets COIIIIIOn 

Marmosets COIIIDOn Marmosets COIIIDOn Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus 

I 

""" Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus Monkeys rhesus 

0 Monkeys rhesus 

Q:) Monkeys rhesus 

........ - Monkeys rhesus 

0 Monkeys rhesus 

........ 

Q:) Monkeys rhesus -...J 
_. 

<D 

<D 

0 

> 

(,.,) 

I 

C1' 

0 

CXI 

........ 

_. 

0 

........ 

CXI 

-..1 

Spedes Slra tn 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

Monkeys rhesus 

NR = Not reported; NS = not 
The reference values recommended by Snyder et al. (1975) are based 

largely on the data presented by Stoudt et al. (1960). The relationship of 

age to body welght for human females based on the data provided by Stoudt et 

al. (1960) and U.S. Bureau of the Census (1985) are plotted in Figure 3-4. 

Corresponding data on human males are plotted 1n Figure 3-5. Body weights 

for children are shown in Figure 3-6, which is based on the data of Stoudt 

et al. (1960) for males and females <20 years of age. As with many animal 

species, differences in body weight between males and females are not 

remarkable until after puberty. 

1990A 3-7 09/02/87 
1990A 

to.o z.o 3:).0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 

A(ll I H 'fiAtS 

FIGURE 3-1 

Body We1ght Data on Male and Female Humans 

[All data comb1ned (see Table 3-1 for references)] 

3-B OB/10/87 
1990A 

21 :1) 40 50 

MEAN AGE (MEN) 

FIGURE 3-2 

Mean Body We1ghts of Human Males of Var1ous Ages Over 

the Per1ods 19&0-19&2. 1971-1974 and 197&-1980 

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1985 

3-9 08/10/87 
1990A 

3J 40 50 60 70 

MEAN AGE (WOMEN) 

FIGURE 3-3 

Mean Body Welghts of Human Females of Var,ous Ages Over 

the Perlods 1960-1962, 1971-1974 and 1976-1980 

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1985 

3-10 08/10/87 
10.0 :..>.0 ~.0 40.0 so.o 60.0 10.0 .:>.0 

"'! IH \'IAIS 

FIGURE 3-4 

Recommended Growth Curves for Human Females 

Sources: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1985; Stoudt et al., 19&0 

1990A 3-11 08/10/87 
1990A 

to.o ao.o 30.o 40.o ~.o &o.o 10.0 eo.o ~.o 

Ag IH 'RAIS 

FIGURE 3-5 

Recommended Growth Curves for Human Males 

Sources: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1985; Stoudt et al., 1960 

3-12 09/02/87 
1990A 

2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 

tQ IM YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-6 

Body Weight Data on Male and Female Humans 

From Birth to 20 Years of Age 

Sources: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1985 

3-13 

17.5 a;).O 

09/02/87 
monkeys as illustrated in Figures 3-11 and 3-12 from which a lifespan TWA 

body weight of -8 kg can be estimated. Both of these lifespan TWA body 

weights are probably underestimated; thus. they are somewhat conservative 

when used to estimate mg/kg/day doses. Most toxicity studies available on 

rhesus monkeys are not standardized in terms of the age of the animals at 

the start of the study, and the durations of exposure generally accepted as 

subchronic and chronic are also not standardized. Thus. the only recommended values proposed for the rhesus monkey are lifespan TWAs of 10.9 kg 

for males and 8 kg for females. For calculating doses from less than lifespan toxicity studies in which body weights are not reported or incompletely 

reported, Figures 3-9 through 3-12 should be used to estimate body weights. 

1990A 3-14 09/02/87 
rll 

Jll 

r I ~

160 ,...t.s; 

21 31 41 - 61 ~~ ?1 

FIGURE 3-7 

The Relat1onsh1p of He1ght, We1ght and Age of Human 

Males Over the Per1od 1976-1980 

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1985 

1990A 3-15 08/10/87 
l990A 

FIGURE 3-8 

The Relat,onsh,p of He1ght. We,ght and Age 

of Human Females Over the Per\od 1976-1980 

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1985 

3-16 

08/l0/87 
1990A 

I 

1.0 

I 

2.0 

I I 

3.0 4.0 

AGE I" 'tiAIS 

FIGURE 3-9 

I 

,,0 

Body We1ght Data on Male Rhesus Monkeys 

Source: NAS. 1981 

3-17 

I 

6.0 

I 

7.0 

08/10/87 
I I I I I I I I 

5.0 10.0 15.0 ~.0 25.0 :«>.0 ss.o 40.0 

"" IM YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-10 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Rhesus Monkeys. Extended by Assum,ng a Mature Body We,ght of 12 kg 

1990A 3-18 09/02/87 
1990A 

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 s.o 6.0 

~~ IH 'iiAIS 

FIGURE 3-11 

Body We1ght Data on Female Rhesus Monkeys 

Sources: NAS, 1981; Farr1s, 1950 

3-19 

?.0 

09/02/87 
1990A 

I I l I I I I 

5.0 10.0 15.0 3).0 ~.o 3:).0 35.0 

Aa I H 'tJAIS 

FIGURE 3-12 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Rhesus Monkeys, 

Extended by Assuming a Mature Body Weight of 9 kg 

3-20 

I 

40.0 

09/02/87 
that are available on many strains of mice. including those most often used 

in toxicity testing. As illustrated in Figure 3-16. body weights of 

different strains of mice vary substantially; most reported body weights for 

mature mice range from 0.03-0.045 kg. 

The most comprehensive published source of growth data on laboratory 

animals includes >50 strains of mice {Poiley. 1972). These data were taken 

from several animal colonies operated by academic. research and commercial 

organizat1ons under the sponsorship of the National Cancer Institute. For 

most strains of mice. the record of growth covered a period from birth to at 

least 90 days postweaning. Growth data over the lifespan. however. are not 

presented for any of the strains of mice. 

1990A 3-21 09/02/87 
1990A 

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 

IKI IM YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-13 

Body We1ght Data on Male and Female Ch1mpanzees 

Source: Lane-Peter et al., 19&7 

3-22 08110/87 
0.05 

1990A 

too.o aoo.o aoo.o 400.0 soo.o &oO.o ?OO.o aoo.o 

Ag JM DA'rS 

FIGURE 3-14 

Body We1ght Data on Male Marmosets 

[Data est\mated from Yarbrough et al. (1984)) 

3-23 08/10/87 
1990A 

too.o aoo.o 300.o +OO.o 500.o &oo.o 100.0 aoo.o 

AGI I" IA'tS 

FIGURE 3-15 

Body We1ght Data on Female Marmosets 

[Data est1mated from Yarbrough et a1. (1984)] 

3-24 08/10/87 
__, 

\.0 

\.0 

c 

> Species 

AKD2Fl Hybrid 

AKD2Fl Hybrid AKD2Fl Hybrid 

AKD2Fl Hybr ld AKD2Fl Hybrid AKD2Fl Hybrid AKD2Fl Hybrid AKD2Fl Hybr ld AKD2Fl Hybrid AKD2Fl Hybrid 

AKD2Fl Hybr ld AKD2F1 Hybrid AKD2Fl Hybrid mAKD2Fl Hybrid mAKD2Fl Hybr ld m

(...) AKD2Fl Hybrid 

I AKD2Fl Hybrid m

I\,) AKD2Fl Hybr ld m

V'l AKD2Fl Hybrid m

AKD2Fl Hybr ld m

AKR/lvCr 

AKR/LvCr AKR/LvCr 

AKR/lvCr AKR/lvCr AKR/lvCr 

AKR/LvCr f

AKR/lvCr f

AKR/lvCr f

AKR/lwCr fAKR/lwCr fAKR/lwCr f

AKR/LvCr m

AKR/lvCr m

AKR/LwCr m

c AKR/lwCr m

\.0 AKR/lwCr m

' 0 AKR/lvCr m

I\,) AKR/lvCr m

' CQ AKR/lvCr m

-.J 
_. 

U) Spectes U) 

0 

> 

AKR/LwCr l

AKR/lwCr m

AKR/LwCr m

AKR/LwCr mAL/NCr fAL/NCr f

AL/NCr f

AL/NCr fAL/NCr fAL/NCr f

Al/NCr fAl/NCr f

AL/NCr f

AL/NCr fAL/NCr f

All NCr l

ALINCr l

"" ALINCr m

l ALINCr m

1'\J 

"' ALINCr m

ALINCr m

ALINCr m

Al/NCr m

AL/NCr mALINCr lAL/NCr l

Aston f

A/HeN lA/HeN m

A/JCr fA/JCr fA/JCr fA/JCr fA/JCr fA/JCr f

0 A/JCr f

U) A/JCr f

..... AIJCr f

0 

1'\J A/JCr f

..... A/JCr f

CD 

-.1 A/JCr f
"" Spec\es "" 0 

> 

A/JCr mA/JCr m

A/JCr mA/JCr mA/JCr mA/JCr mAIJCr mA/JCr mA/JCr mA/JCr mA/JCr mA/JCr m

A/J fA/J 

A/lN m

(..,) BAFl Hybrid f

l 1'\) BAFl Hybrid f

...,j BAFl Hybrid f

BAFl Hybrid f

8AF1 Hybrid f

BAFl Hybrid f

OAF 1 Hybr ld f

BAFl Hybrid fBAFl Hybrid fBAFl Hybr ld f

BAFl Hybrid mBAFl Hybrid mBAFl Hybrid mBAFl Hybrid mBAFl Hybrid mBAFl Hybrid mBAFl Hybrid m

OAF 1 Hybr ld m

BAFl Hybrid mBAFl Hybrid m

0 

"" BALB/cAnCr fe

....... 0 BALB/cAnCr fe

1'\) 

....... BALB/cAnCr fe

CD BALB/cAnCr fe

...,j 
...J 

1.0 1.0 

0 

> 

BALD/cAner fBALD/cAner fBALD/cAner f

BAL8/cAner f

BALB/cAner f

BALD/cAner fBALD/cAner fBALD/cAner f

BALD/cAner fBALD/cAner fBALD/cAner f

BALD/cAner m

BALD/cAner mBALD/cAner mBALD/cAner mBALB/cAner m

BALB/cAner m

to:) BALD/cAner m

I BALD/cAner m

1'\J BALD/cAner m

co BALB/cAner m

BALB/cAner mBALD/cAner mBALD/cAner mBALB/cAner m

BALB/cAner m

BALB/cAnN mBALB/c f

BALB/c fBALB/c f

BALB/c fBALB/c f

BALB/c f

BALB/c mBALB/c mBALB/c m

0 BALB/c m

1.0 BALB/c m

......... 

0 BALB/c m

1'\J BALB/c m

......... 

co 

....:I 
_. 

\0 Spec1es \0 

0 

> 

Hyb 

RDFl 1 Hyb 

Hyb 

BDF 1 1 Hyb 

Hyb 

BDF 1 *8&02F 1 Hyb BDFl *B&D2F1 Hyb BDFl *B&D2F 1 Hyb BDFl*B&D2Fl Hyb 

BDFl 1 Hyb mBDFl *B&D2F 1 Hyb m

Hyb m

BDF1*8&D2F1 Hyb m

80Fl*B6D2Fl Hyb 1

BDF 1 *8602F 1 Hyb 

BDF1 *B602F1 Hyb m

Hyb 

BOF 1 *8602F 1 Hyb m

(..) 

I 

1'\) BRVR/SrCr 

\0 RRVR/SrCr 

RRVR/SrCr BRVR/Srtr 

BRVR/SrCr BRVR/SrCr BRVR/SrCr BRVR/Srtr mBRVR/SrCr 1BRVR/SrCr mBRVR/SrCr BRVR/SrCr 1BRVR/SrCr 1BRVR/SrCr m

BRVS/SrCr fBRVS/Srtr fBRVS/SrCr f

BRVS/SrCr f

0 RRVS/SrCr f

\0 BRVS/SrCr f

....... 

0 BRVS/SrCr 

1'\) BRVS/SrCr f

....... 

C) 

_, 
..... 

..0 Species ..0 

0 

> 

BRYS/SrCr mBRYS/SrCr m

8RYS/SrCr m

BRYS/SrCr mBRYS/SrCr mBRYS/SrCr mBRYS/SrCr mBRYS/SrCr m

BSYR/SrCr fBSYR/SrCr fBSYR/SrCr fBSYR/SrCr fBSYR/SrCr fBSYR/SrCr f

BSYR/SrCr f

BSYR/SrCr fBSYR/SrCr 

(;,.:) BSYR/SrCr m

I 

(;,.:) BSYR/SrCr m

0 BSYR/SrCr m

BSYR/SrCr mBSYR/SrCr mBSYR/SrCr mBSYR/SrCr mBSYS/SrCr fBSVS/SrCr fBSVS/SrCr f

BSVS/SrCr fBSVS/SrCr fBSVS/SrCr fBSVS/SrCr fBSYS/SrCr fBSYS/SrCr f

BSVS/SrCr fBSVS/SrCr mBSVS/SrCr m

0 BSVS/SrCr m

1.0 BSVS/SrCr N

' 0 BSVS/SrCr m

1'\.) BSVS/SrCr m

' (X) BSVS/SrCr m

...,j 
-' 

1.0 Species 1.0 

0 

> 

8SVS/SrCr m

8SVS/SrCr m

8SVS/SrCr m810pd/CzCr 

810pd/CzCr 

810pd/CzCr 810pd/CzCr 810pd/CzCr 810pd/CzCr 

810pd/CzCr 810pd/CzCr 810pd/CzCr f810pd/CzCr f810pd/CzCr m

810pd/CzCr m810pd/CzCr m810pd/CzCr m

(;.,) 810pd/CzCr m

I 

(;.,) 810pd/CzCr m

-' 810pd/CzCr m

810pd/CzCr m810pd/CzCr m

810pd/CzCr m810*A/Cr f810*A/Cr f810*A/Cr f810*A/Cr f

810*A/Cr f810*A/Cr f810*A/Cr f810*A/Cr f

810*A/Cr m810*A/Cr m810*A/Cr m810*A/Cr m810*A/Cr m

0 810*A/Cr m

1.0 810*A/Cr m

....... 

0 810*A/Cr m

1'\.) 

....... 

c:c 

-.J 
= c 

t-

.... Cll :00. 1:11"0 

C"CC 

.... 

o .... 

,... 

;~ &:.-

ec 

:=c 

z: 

1990A 

,....,.....,.,....CCN..t:>C_. .-NN..,.Io/"!,.._00 

~~ ........................ .... 1-)1-)1-)UUUUUU 

...................................................... 

--------- ========= ...,...,...,...,...,...,...,...,..., 

ccccccccc 

--------- • QOOOQOOQO • • • • • • • • ,....,....,....,....,....,....,....,....,.... 

========= 

,....,..... ... ,....C:CNt.DO• 

,....NN ... U"'r-CO 

CIICIICIICIIG>CIIG>G>CII 

,....,....,....,....,....,....,....,....,.... 

~~~111111 

,....,..... .... ,....Q!)NJ>Q 

,....NN_.II.t"',..... 

._~.. .... ~ ........ -s... UUI-)UUUUU 

:::::.~~~::::.::::.:::::.::::. QI:QI:QI:QI:.:OO:CI:.:OO:QI: 

NNNNNNNN 

-------- .. "'"'"'"'"'"'"'"' .. .. .. .. .. .. .. QQQQCOQQ 

,.....,....,_.,....,....,._,....,.... 

======== 

3-32 

,....,._..,.,_CCN!oDC ,.... ('\,IC'\.1 .. ..,,..... 

S...&..&..'-&..1-S...a.. 

uuuuuuuu 

~:::::.~~::::.:::.::::.~ .:.:.:.:a.::.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.: 

t"-!C'\.INC'\.INNNN 

--------

QOOQQQQQ 

.. "'"'"'"'"'"0"'"' .. .. . ... . .. . ..-..-..-..-..-.--..-..-

======== 

,....,.....,.,....CCN..OC> ,.... C'\,t(\,1 ... \.1"),_ 

G>CIICIICIICIIII>CIIII> 

..-..-.-- ............... ,....,.... 

iiii!l!l 

........ ~~ .. ~~ .. 

r-r-s...s...a..a...a..a... 

uuuuuuuu 

...... .................................... ...... 

-------- EEEEEEEE t.I"'..,....,..,..,...U"''I./"'..,...IJ"' 

-------- CI'>CI"CI"CI"C'C'a'ICI" 

NNNNt"\\NNN 

..... ,....,....,....,....,....,....,._ . .. .. .. . .. ... . CCCCOOOQ 

,.....,....,....,....,._,....,....,._ 

======== 

09/02/87 
..... 

..0 Spedes ..0 

0 

> 

810*129(5M)/Cr 

810*129(5M)/Cr 810*129(5M)/Cr 810"129(5M)/Cr 810*129(5M)/Cr 

810"129(5M)/Cr 810*129(5M)/Cr 810*129(5M)/Cr 

86AKF1 Hybr ld 

86AKF1 Hybrid 

86AKF1 Hybrid 

86AKF1 Hybrid 

86AKF1 Hybr ld 86AKF1 Hybr ld 86AKF1 HybrId 

86AKF1 Hybr ld 86AKF1 Hybrid 

(..,) 86AKF1 Hybrid 

I 86AKF 1 HybrId 

(..,) 86AKF1 Hybrid 

(..,) 86AKF1 Hybrid 

86AKF1 Hybrid 86AKF1 HybrId 86AKF1 Hybr ld 86AKF1 Hybrid 86AKF1 Hybr ld 86AKF1 Hybr ld 

86AKF1 Hybrid 

86AKF1 Hybrid 86AKF1 Hybrid 86AKF1 Hybr ld 

86AKF 1 Hybr\ d 86AKF1 Hybrid 86AKF1 Hybrid 

86C3Fl 86C3Fl 

86C3F 1 

0 86C3fl ..0 86C3Fl 

......... 

0 86C3Fl 

1'\,) 86C3Fl 

......... 

(XI 86C3F1 

....,j 
..... 

..0 Spec\es 

..0 

c 

> 

B6C3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

B6C3F 1 f

B6C3F1 f

B6C3Fl f

BliC3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

86C3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

B6C3Fl f

B6C3F l f

86C3Fl f

86C3Fl m

c,.) 86C3Fl m

I B6C3Fl m

c,.) 

.jloo B6C3Fl m

8&C3F 1 m

8&C3F 1 m

B&C3F 1 m

B&C3Fl m

BliC3F 1 m

86C3F 1 m

81iC3Fl m

BliC3F 1 m

86C3F 1 m

8&C3Fl m

BliC3Fl m

B&C3Fl m

B6C3Fl m

B6C3Fl m

B&C3Fl m

B&C3Fl m

BliC3F1 m

B&C3Fl m

c B&C3Fl m

..0 BliC3F 1 m

....... B6C3Fl m

c 

N 

....... ~ -.1 
...J 

I.C Spec,es I.C 

0 

> 

861CC3ffl Hybr \d f

86KC3ffl Hybr ld f86KC3ffl Hybrid f

86KC3ff1 Hybr \d f

861CC3ff 1 Hybr ld f8&KC3fF1 Hybr'd f

86KC3ffl Hybdd f

B&ICC3fF1 Hybr ld m

86KC3fF1 Hybrid m

B&KC3ffl Hybrid m

86KC3ff 1 Hybr M m

8&KC3fF1 Hybr 'd m

B&KCJfFl Hybr \d m

86KC3ffl Hybr 1 d m

CBA/JCr fCBA/JCr f

(..:I CBA/JCr f

I CBA/JCr f

(..:I CBA/JCr f

fJ'I CBA/JCr f

CRA/JCr fCRA/JCr fCRA/JCr fCRA/JCr fCBA/JCr fCBA/JCr f

CRA/JCr fCBA/JCr mCBA/JCr mCBA/JCr m

CBA/JCr m

CBA/JCr mCBA/JCr m

CBA/JCr mCBA/JCr mCBA/JCr mCBA/JCr m

0 CBA/JCr m

I.C 

' CBA/JCr m

0 CBA/JCr m

1'1.) 

' (X) CBA/J fe

....., CBA/J m
..... 

\1:1 Species 

\1:1 

0 

> 

CBFl Hybr ld f

CBFl Hybrid f

CBFl Hybrid f

CBFl Hybr ld f

CBFl Hybrid f

CBFl Hybrid f

CBFl Hybrid f

CBFl Hybr ld fe

CBFl Hybr ld f

CBFl Hybrid fe

CBFl Hybr ld fe

CBFl Hybrid fe

CBFl Hybrid fe

CBFl Hybrid m

CBFl Hybrid m

CBFl Hybr ld m

CBFl Hybr ld m

CBFl Hybrid m

(..) 

I CBFl Hybrid m

(..) CBFl Hybr ld m

a- CBFl Hybrid m

CBFl Hybrid m

CBFl Hybr ld m

CBFl Hybr ld m

CBFl Hybrid m

CBFl Hybrid m

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb fe

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb fe

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb fe

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb fe

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb fe

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb fe

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb fe

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb m

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb m

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb m

CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb m

0 CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb m

\1:1 CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb m

' 0 CD.CDBA.CD2 Hyb m

"" ' (X) 

..... 
\Q Spec1es 

\Q 

0 

> 

CO-l mCO-l m

CO-l m

CFW/PlCr fCFW/PlCr f

CFW/PlCr fCFW/PlCr fCFW/PlCr f

CFW/PlCr fCFW/PlCr f

CFW/PlCr f

CFW/PlCr mCFW/PlCr m

CFW/PlCr m

CFW/PlCr m

CFW/PlCr mCFW/PlCr m

(...:) CFW/PlCr m

I CFW/PlCr m

(...:) 

-.J 

Charles R1ver mCharles R1ver m

Crl,CD-l,CR,BR f

Crl,CD-l,CR,OR f

Crl,CO-l,CR,OR fCrl,CD-l,CR,OR fCrl,CD-l,CR ,DR fCrl,CD-l,CR,OR fCrl,CO-l,CR,BR fCrl,CO-l,CR,OR fCrl,CO-l,CR,OR f

Crl,CD-l,CR,8R m

Crl,CO-l,CR,OR mCrl,CO-l,CR,OR mCrl,CO-l,CR,OR mCrl,CO-l,CR,OR m

0 Crl,CO-l,CR,BR m

\.£) Crl,CO-l,CR,OR m

........ Crl,CO-l,CR,BR m

0 

N Crl,CO-l,CR,BR m

........ 

cg 

-.J 
...J 

\,1) Spedes 

\,1) 

0 

> 

Cr GP( S). Swiss f

Cr GP(S).Swlss 

Cr GP(S) .Swiss f

Cr:GP(S).Swlss f

Cr:GP(S).Swlss f

Cr:GP(S).Sw1ss f

Cr:GP(S).Swhs f

Cr:GP(S) .Swiss f

Cr :GP(S) .Swiss f

Cr:GP(S).Swlss f

Cr:GP(S).Swlss f

Cr:GP(S).Swlss f

Cr :GP(S) .Swiss m

Cr:GP(S).Sw1ss m

Cr :GP(S) .Swiss m

Cr:GP(S).Swlss m

Cr:GP(S).Swlss m

Cr:GP(S).Swlss m

<.,.) Cr:GP(S).Swlss m

I 

<.,.) Cr:GP(S).Swlss m

a:> Cr :GP(S). Swl ss m

Cr: GP(S). Swl ss m

Cr:GP(S).Swlss m

Cr:GP(S).Swlss m

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) f

Cr:MGAPS(SW) m

0 Cr:MGAPS(SW) m

\,1) Cr:MGAPS(SW) m

' Cr:MGAPS(SW) m

0 1'\,) Cr:MGAPS(SW) m

' Cr:MGAPS(SW) m

a:> ....., 
...... 

\D Spec\es 

\D 

0 

> 

Cr: .. GAPS(SW) m

Cr:MGAPS(SW) mCr:MGAPS(SW) mCr:MGAPS(SW) mCr:MGAPS(SW) m

Cr: .. GAPS(SW) m

C3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr f

C3HF/HeCr f

C3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr fC3HF/HeCr f

(..) 

j 

(..) C3HF/HeCr m

\D C3HF/HeCr m

C3HF/HeCr mC3HF/HeCr m

C3HF/HeCr m

C3Hf/HeCr mC3Hf/HeCr mC3Hf/HeCr mC3Hf/HeCr m

C3HF/HeCr m

C3Hf/HeCr mC3Hf/HeCr mC3H/81Cr feC3H/81Cr feC3H/81Cr feC3H/81Cr feC3H/81Cr feC3H/B1Cr fe

C3H/81Cr fe

0 C3H/81Cr fe

\D C3H/81Cr 

...... 

fe

0 

1'\) 

...... 

co 

...., 
..... 1.1) Spedes 1.1) 

0 

> 

C3H/81Cr m

C3H/81Cr mC3H/B1Cr m

C3H/81Cr m

C3H/BtCr m

C3H/81Cr m

C3H/BICr m

C3H/Bitr m

C3H/81Cr mC3H/HeCr f

C3H/Hetr f

C3H/HeCr f

C3H/HeCr f

C3H/Hetr f

C3H/HeCr f

C3H/Hetr f

C3H/HeCr f

C3H/Hetr f

(..3 C3H/HeCr f

I 

.jlllo C3H/Hetr f

0 C3H/Hetr f

C3H/Hetr mC3H/Hetr m

C3H/HeCr m

C3H/Hetr m

C3H/HeCr m

C3H/HeCr mC3H/HeCr mC3H/HeCr mC3H/HeCr m

C3H/Hetr m

C3H/Hetr m

C3H/HeCr mC3H/HeJ fC3H/HeJ m

0 C57Bl/10ScCr f

1.1) C5781/10ScCr f

' 0 C5781/10ScCr f

N C5781/10ScCr f

' CD C5781/10ScCr f

-..1 
...J 

\C) Spec1es \C) 

c 

> 

CS7Bl/10ScCr f

C57Bl/10ScCr fC57Bl/10ScCr f

C5781/10ScCr f

C57Bl/10ScCr f

CS781/10ScCr f

C57Bl/10ScCr f

C5781/lOScCr m

CS7Bl/10ScCr mC57Bl/1 OScCr m

C5781/10Sctr m

t5781/10Sctr m

C57Bl/10Sctr m

CS781/10Sctr m

t5781/10Sctr mt57Bl/10Sctr mt57B 111 OScCr mt5781/10Sctr m

(..,) C57Bl/10Sctr m

I 

""' ...J C5781/6CR f

t5781/6CR f

C5781/6CR f

t5781/6CR f

C5781/6CR f

t57Bl/6CR f

C5781/6CR f

t57Bl/6CR f

t5781/6CR f

C5781/6CR f

t5781!6CR f

t57Bl/6CR f

C578116CR m

t5781/6CR m

t57Bl/6CR mt57Bl/6CR m

t5781/6CR m

t57Bl/6CR m

c C57Bl/6CR m

..0 C578116CR m

...... 

c C57Bl/6CR m

!'\) t5781/6CR m

...... 

Q:) t5781/6CR m

_, C5781/6CR m
...J 

ID Spec1es 

ID 

c 

> 

C5781/6KaCr 

C5781/6KaCr 

C578 1/6KaCr 

C5781/6KaCr 

C5781/6KaCr 

C578116KaCr 

C5781/6KaCr 

C5781/6KaCr m

C5781/6KaCr m

C5781/6KaCr m

C578116KaCr m

C5781/6KaCr m

C5781/6KaCr m

C578116KaCr m

C5781/& N

C57l/Cr f

(..) 

I C51l/Cr f

....., 

.jilt C57l/Cr f

C57l/Cr f

C57l/Cr f

C57l/Cr f

C57l/Cr f

C51l/Cr f

C51l/Cr f

C51l/Cr f

C57l/Cr f

C57l/Cr m

C51l/Cr m

C57l/Cr m

C57l/Cr m

C57l/Cr m

C57l/Cr m

C57l/Cr m

C57l/Cr m

C57l/Cr m

C51l/Cr m

c C57l/Cr m

1.0 

....... 

C57L/HeN m

c C57L/HeN m

....., 

....... 

co C57l/6J f

-..I C57l/liJ m
...... 

\D Spedes 

\D 

0 

> 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

OBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

OBA/2Cr 

OBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

(,..) DBA/2Cr 

I DBA/2Cr 

..,. DBA/2Cr 

(,..) DBA12Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

DBAI2Cr 

DBA/2JN 

DBA/2J 

DBA/2J 

Deer 

02AKF1 Hybrid 

D2AKF1 Hybrid 

D2AKF1 Hybr ld 

D2AKF1 Hybrid 

D2AKF1 Hybrid 

D2AKF1 Hybr 1d 

0 D2AKF1 Hybr 1d 

u:> 

....... D2AKF1 Hybrid 

0 D2AKF 1 Hybr 1 d 

r..,) 

....... 02AKF 1 Hybr 1 d 

CD 

..... 
...... 

\D Spedes \D 

0 

> 

D2AKF1 Hybdd mD2AKF1 Hybrid m

02AKF1 Hybrid m02AKF1 Hybrid m

02AKF1 Hybr ld m

02AKF1 Hybrid m

D2AKF1 Hybr ld m

02AKF1 HybrId m02AKF1 Hybrid m02AKF1 Hybr ld m

HAIICR mHAIICR m

House m

I N

(,.) NIH/PlCr f

I NIH/PlCr f

... NIH/PlCr f... NIH/PlCr f

NIH/PlCr fNIH/PlCr fNlH/PlCr feNIH/PlCr feNIH/PlCr mNIH/PlCr mNIH/PlCr m

NIH/PlCr mNIH/PlCr mNIH/PlCr mNIH/PlCr m

NIH/PlCr mNZ8/Cr feNZB/Cr feNZB/Cr feNZ8/Cr fe

0 NZB/Cr fe

\D NZB/Cr fe

' 0 NZB/Cr fe

N 

' NZB/Cr fe

Q',) NZB/Cr fe

......! NZB/Cr fe
c = 

1-

"' "'""' C'>I'CI 

c: 1:1 

... 

c"' .... iilt 

.Qec 

::lC 

z 

1990A 

,_,_..,.,....CI:>No.QCI ... N ,.-NNtlltii"J,.._cr;),..... 

111<11<11111<11<11<11<11<1111.> 

,.....,..-,_,_,.....,_,.....,.....,.....,..... 

ii~~ll~~llllil 

................................ 

c..>c..>c..>c..>c..>c..>c..>c..>c..>c..> 

............................................................ 

========== NNNNNNNNNN 

zzzz:z:zz:z:z:z: 

,....,._..,.,....C:CN>JI>Q..,.N r-C"..t\I.,.U"l,._=,..... 

a...&...&....l..&...'-'-'-'-'-

uuuuuuuuuu 

............................................................ 

::a::a::a::a::a::a::a::a::a::a 

NNNNNNNNNN 

zz:zz:zz:zzzz: 

3-45 

,.....,.._.,.,.....c:gN~Q-t'\1 

r-t\.lt\1-~,...=,..... 

.-

GIGIGI<IIIIIGI<IIGIGIGI 

,....,.....,_,_,_,.....,.-,.-,.....,..... 

uuuuuuuuuu '-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-

............................................................ 

::a::a::a::a::a::a::a::a::a::a NNNNNNNNNN 

zzzzz:z:zzzz 

............ O"'Q \C,.....,.......n..n 

IJ">o.Q>J:>>D,_ 

O"'IJ">O"'cr>N("') 

C:Ccr>cr>CI ... M MMM,_C:Ccr> 

<IIGIGIGIIII<II 

,..... ,..... ,..... .-- ,..... ,..... 

ill Iiiii 

09/02/87 
..... 

ID Spedes ID 

0 

> 

NS NNS NNS NNS NNS NNS N

PRI/Pltr fe

PRI/Pltr fePRI/Pltr fePRI/Pltr fePRI/Pltr fe

PRI/Pltr fe

PRI/Pltr fe

PRI/Pltr fe

(,) PRI/Pltr fe

I PRI/Pltr fe

-la PRI/Pltr fe

C1' PRI/Pltr fe

PRI/Pltr mPRI/Pltr m

PRI/Pltr mPRI/Pltr mPRI/Pltr mPRI/Pltr m

PRI/Pltr mPRI/Pltr mPRI/Pltr mPRI/Pltr mPRI/Pltr m

PRI/Pltr m

SJL/JCr fe

SJL/JCr feSJL/JCr feSJL/JCr fe

Q SJLIJCr fe

"" SJL/JCr fe

' 0 SJL/JCr fe

N SJLIJCr fe

' t:) SJL/JCr fe

-.I 
..... 

\D Spec1es 

\D 

0 

> 

SJl/JCr fSJl/JCr fSJl/JCr fSJl/JCr fSJl/JCr f

SJL/JCr SJL/JCr SJLIJCr mSJL/JCr mSJL/JCr mSJLIJCr mSJLIJCr mSJL/JCr mSJl/JCr mSJl/JCr mSJL/JCr mSJL/JCr m

SJLIJCr m

(.,.) SJl/JCr m

l 

.,.. 

-...I SM/JCr f

SM/JCr fSM/JCr SM/JCr fSM/JCr fSM/JCr fSM/JCr fSM/JCr fSM/JCr fSM/JCr fSM/JCr fSM/JCr f

SM/JCr f

SM/JCr fSM/JCr mSM/JCr mSM/JCr mSM/JCr m

0 SM/JCr m

1.0 SM/JCr m

....... 

0 SM/JCr m

"' SM/JCr m

....... (X! SM/JCr m

-.1 
...J 

\.0 Spec1es 

\.0 

0 

> 

SM/Jtr 

SM/Jtr 

SM/Jtr 

SM/Jtr 

SM/Jtr 

STR/tr 

STR/Cr 

STR/tr 

STR/tr 

STR/tr 

STR/tr 

STR/tr 

STR/Cr 

STR/Cr 

STR/Cr 

STR/Cr 

<..:t STR/Cr 

I STR/Cr 

.,.. STR/Cr m

Q:) STR/Cr 

STR/Cr m

STR/Cr m

STR/Cr m

STR/N m

STAIN m

STRilN 

STR/1N m

SWR/J 

SWR/J m

Various Inbred 

Various Inbred 

Various Inbred 

0 Various Inbred f

\.0 Various Inbred f

...... 

0 

!'\) 

...... 

Q:) 

..... 
..... 

\.0 Species 

\.0 

0 

> 

Various Inbred 

Various Inbred 

Various Inbred 

Various Inbred 

Various Inbred 

Wh1 te-footed 

White-footed 

Whl te-footed 

Wh1 te-footed 

White-footed 

Wh He-footed 

WhHe 

White 

Wh1te 

Wh1te 

(..) WhHe 

I Wh1te 

~ loD 

ZWZ8Fl Hybrid 

ZWZ8Fl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybr ld 

ZWZBFl Hybr ld 

ZWZBFl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybr ld 

ZWZ8Fl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybr ld 

ZWZBFl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybrid 

ZWZ8Fl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybrid 

ZWZBFl Hybr ld 

ZWZBFl Hybr ld 

ZWZBFl Hybrid 

0 ZWZBFl Hybr ld 

loD 

..... ZWZBFl Hybrid 

0 

I"\) 

..... 

Q) NS = Not specified ..... 
1990A 

J 

I 

100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 500.0 600.0 700.0 800.0 900.0 1000.0 

"'I IH ~YS 

FIGURE 3-16 

Body We1ght Data on Male and Female M1ce 

(See Table 3-2 for data points and references) 

3-50 09/02/87 
Consequently. standard reference va 1 ues wi 11 be recommended for both kinds 

of stud\es. For subchronic tox\city studies, the recommended body we\ght 

wi 11 be the TWA body weight from 21 days of age (the recommended age for 

weanling mice) to 111 days of age (90 days postwean\ng). This will be 

referred to as the recommended 11 subchronic 11 body weight. The correspond\ ng 

recommended "chronic 11 body weight w\11 refer to the TWA body we\ght from 

21-751 days of age. Recommended subchronic and chronic body weights for 

various stra\ns of mice are presented in Table 3-3. 

The recommended chron\c and subchronic body weights for B6C3Fl mice are 

calculated directly from a composite of the data provided by Poiley (1972) 

(days 1-42) and Cameron et al. (1985) (days 42-770}. These data are 

presented in Figures 3-17 and 3-18, for male and female mice, respectively. 

l990A 3-51 09/02/87 
-' 

1..0 

1..0 

0 

J> 

w 

l 

Strain 

AKD2Fl 

AKD2F1 

AKR/LwCr 

AKR/LwCr 

All NCr ~ AL/NCr 

A/JCr 

A/JCr 

BAF 1 Hybr 1d 

BAF1 Hybrid 

BALB/cAnCr 

BALB/cAnCr 

B6AKF1 

0 ~ B&AKFl 

0 

N 

........ 

(X) 

-.J 
_, 

..0 

<£) 

0 

> 

Strain 

B6C3Fl 

B6C3FI 

CBA/JCr 

CBA/JCr 

CBFl 

t.) 

I ~ CBFl 

Cr:GP(S).Swiss 

Cr :GP( S). Swiss 

Cr:MGAPS(SW) 

Cr:MGAPS(SW) 

C3HF/HeCr 

C3HF/HeCr 

C3H/HeCr 

0 ~ C3H/HeCr 

0 

N 

....... 

CD 

-.1 
..... 

1.0 

1.0 

0 

)> 

Straln 

C57B1/10ScCr 

C57Bl/10ScCr 

C57B1/6Cr 

C57B1/6Cr 

C57l/Cr 

C57l/Cr 

c..,) 

I 

':. DBA/2Cr 

DBA/2Cr 

D2AKfl 

02AKFl 

NZB/Cr 

NZB/Cr 

NZW/Cr 

NZW/Cr 

0 ~ PRI/PlCr 

0 

N 

' co 

"""' 
-' 

1.0 

1.0 

0 

> 

Straln 

PRIIP1Cr 

SJl/JCr 

SJl/JCr 

SH/JCr 

SH/JCr 

w Various Inbred 

I 

I.T1 

I.T1 Various Inbred 

ZWZBFl 

ZWZBFl 

*Reconvnended chron

0 

1.0 

' 0 N 

' <XI ....J 

reconvnended chroni
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

A;! IH YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-17 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male B6C3Fl M1ce 

[Data from Po11ey (1972) and Cameron et al. (1985)] 

1990A 3-56 09/02/87 
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

~~ IH YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-18 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female B&C3Fl M1ce 

[Data from Po1ley {1972) and Cameron et al. (1985)] 

1990A 3-57 09/02/87 
fischer rats, as well as male W1star rats. In addH1on. th1s var1at1on 

seems 11kely to occur among stra1ns of m1ce. 

As an alternat1ve to that approach, recommended cnron1c body we1ghts for 

m1ce and rats were est\mated from the observed re1at1onsh,p between subchronic and chron1c body we1ghts for 86C3Fl m1ce and the stra1ns of rats 

specH1ed above. Thh relat1onsh1p and assoc1ated summary statht\cs are 

g1ven 1n Figure 3-19. From th1s relat1onsh1p. the recommended chron1c body 

we\ghts are based on the equal1on: 

BWch = -0.019 + 2.03BWsub (3-2) 

where BWch 1s the recommended chron\c body we1ght and BWsub 1s the recommended subchron1c body we1ght. 

1990A 3-58 09/02/67 
l990A 

FIGURE 3-19 

Relat1onsh1p of "Subchron1c" to "Chron1c" 

T1me-We1ghted Average Body We1ghts for M1ce and Rats 

(See text for def1n1t1on and d1scuss1on of terms) 

3-59 09/02/87 
Recommended body weights for mice, when the strain is not specified or 

when recommended weights are not ava1lable on the spec\fied strain, should 

be based on the recommended weights for male and female B6C3Fl mice. These 

weights are the best documented and are near the average for all mice 

strains combined. 

3.2.2. Rats. The U.S. EPA (1980) has recommended a reference body weight 

of 0.35 kg for adult rats. Other reported reference values are 0.45 (ARS 

Sprague-Oawley, 1974), 0.25 (Boxenbaum, 1983) and 0.40 kg (lehman, 1959). 

As with mice, a substantial amount of information is avanable on the 

growth of rats. These data are summarized in Table 3-4 and plotted in 

Figure 3-21. Body weights of rats seem to vary more than those of mice. 

1990A 3-60 09/02/87 
1990A 

FIGURE 3-20 

Relat1onsh1p of Body Welght at Weanlng to Recommended 

Subchronlc Body Welght for Varlous Stra1ns of Mlce and Rats 

3-61 09/02/87 
....J 

..0 ..0 

c 

> Species 

ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr 

ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr 

ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr 

ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr 

I 

a- ACP 9935/Cr 

1'\:1 ACP 9935/Cr 

ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr ACP 9935/Cr 

ACP 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr 

ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr 

c ACl 9935/Cr 

..0 ACl 9935/Cr 

' c ACl 9935/Cr 

1'\:1 ACl 9935/Cr 

' (X) _, ACl 9935/Cr 
_, 

I.D Species 

I.D 

0 

> 

ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr 

ACl 9935/Cr 

ACl 9935/Cr ACl 9935/Cr 

ACl 9935/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr 

ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr 

ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr 

ALBANY/Cr 

(,:) ALBANY/Cr 

I 

Cf' ALBANY/Cr 

(,:) ALBANY/Cr 

ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr 

ALBANY/Cr 

ALBANY/Cr ALBANY/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr August 28807/Cr August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

0 August 28807/Cr 

t.D August 28807/Cr 

' 0 August 28807/Cr 

I'\) August 28807/Cr 

' CD August 28807/Cr 

-.J 
..... ~ Spec1es 

:.lP ~ 

:> 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

Bald 

Bald 

Bald 

Bald 

(,.:) Bald 

I Bald 

<:ro Bald 

.p 

Bald 

BHE 

BHE 

BHE 

BHE 

BHE 

BHE 

Black 

Black 

Black 

Black 

Black 

Black 

Black 

Black 

Black 

Black 

0 Black 

lD 

' Black 

0 Black 

1'\) 

' Black 

CD Black 

....,j 
..... 

1.0 Spec\es 1.0 

0 

> 

Black Black Black 

Black Black Black 

Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Black 

Black 

"" Black 

I Black 

Q'l Black 

I.J"' Black 

Black Black Black Black Black Black 

Black Black 

Black Black Black Black Black Black Black 

BN/Cr 

BN/Cr 

0 BN/Cr 

1.0 

' BN/Cr 

0 BN/Cr 

N 

' BN/Cr 

(I) BN/Cr 

..... 
--· 

....J 

100 Spec1es 100 

0 

> 

BN/Cr BN/Cr 

BN/Cr BN/Cr BN/Cr BN/Cr 

BN/Cr BN/Cr BN/Cr BN/Cr BN/Cr BN/Cr BN/Cr BN/Cr 

BN/Cr BN/Cr 

BN/Cr 

c,.) 

BUFFALO/Cr 

I BUFFALO/Cr 

C1" BUFFALO/Cr C1" BUFFALO/Cr 

BUFFALO/Cr 

BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr 

BUFFALO/Cr 

BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr 

BUFFALO/Cr 

BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr BUFF ALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr BUFFALO/Cr 

0 BUFFALO/Cr 

1.0 BUFFALO/Cr 

...... 

0 

1'\) 

...... 

Q) 

....,J 
1.0 1.0 Spec1es 

0 

> 

Copenhagen/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr Copenhayen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr 

(,..,) Copenhagen/Cr 

I Copenhagen/Cr 

a" 

-.J Copenhagen/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr Copenhagen/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr 

Cpb:WU Cpb:WU Cpb:WU 

Cr:MGAPS(Oii!) Cr:MGAPS(Oii!) Cr:MGAPS(OM) Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM} Cr:MGAPS(OM} Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM} 

0 Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

1.0 

' Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

0 ......, Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

' Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

(Xl -.J Cr:MGAPS(OM) 
..... 

1.0 1.0 Species 0 

> 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr :MGAPS( OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) 

Cr:RAR(SD) 

Cr:RAR(SD) 

Cr:RAR(SD) 

(..) Cr:RAR(SD) 

I Cr:RAR(SD) 

(j'l 

(X) Cr:RAR(SD) 

Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) 

Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) 

Cr:RAR(SD) Cr:RAR(SD) 

Fischer F344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 

F lscher F 344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 

0 Fischer F344 

1.0 

' F hcher F344 

0 F lscher F 344 

1'\,) 

' F lscher F344 

(X) Fischer F344 

-.J 
...... 

ID Spech!s ID 

0 

> 

Fischer F344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 

F lscher F 344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 

Fischer F344 Fischer F344 

Fischer F344 

F lscher F344 F hcher F344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 Fischer F344 

FIscher F 344 . 

eN F lscher F344 

I F lscher F344 

0" F I scher F 344 

ID F lscher F344 

F lscher F344 F lscher F 344 F lscher F344 FIscher F 344 Fischer F344 

Fischer F344 F lscher F344 F I scher F 344 

Fl scher F 344 Fl sc her F 344 

F lscher F344 F lscher F 344 FIscher F 344 F I scher F 344 FIscher F 344 

FIscher F344 

F lscher F 344 F I scher F 344 

0 Fischer F344 

ID Fischer F344 

' 0 Fischer F344 

!'\.) 

' Fischer F344 

Q) F lscher F 344 

_, 
ID Spec1es 

\D 

0 

> 

Flscher F344 Flscher F344 

Flscher F344 

F 1scher F344 Flscher F344 

F1scher F344 

F 1 scher F 344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 F 1 scher F 344 

Flscher F344 

Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 

(,..) Flscher F344 

I Flscher F344 

-..J Flscher F344 

0 Flscher F344 

F 1scher F344 

F 1 scher F 344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 F 1 scher F 344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 

Flscher F344 Flscher F344 Flscher F344 F 1 scher F 344 Flscher 334/Cr Flscher 334/Cr 

0 Flscher 334/Cr 

ID' 

....... Flscher 334/Cr 

0 Flscher 334/Cr 

N 

....... Flscher 334/Cr 

Cl) Flscher 334/Cr 

-..J 
..... 

1.0 Spec\es 1.0 

0 

> 

F 1 scher 334/Cr F hcher 334/Cr F hcher 334/Cr F lscher 334/Cr F lscher 334/Cr 

F lscher 334/Cr F1scher 334/Cr 

F 1scher 334/Cr F 1scher 334/Cr F 1scher 334/Cr F hcher 334/Cr Flscher 334/Cr F lscher 334/Cr 

F 1scher 334/Cr 

F hcher 334/Cr Flscher 334/Cr Flscher 334/Cr 

(...) F334/Crl loY 

I F334/Crl loY 

-.I F334/Crl Lov 

-' F334/Crl loY 

f334/Crl lov 

F334/Crl lov 

f334/Crl loY 

F 334/Cr 1 Lov F334/Crl loY F334/Crl lov F334/Crl loY 

f334/Crl loY 

Holtzman Holtzman 

Long-hans 

Long-E vans 

Long-Evans Long-Evans Long-Evans 

Long-Evans 

0 Long-Evans 

1.0 

' Long-Evans 

0 Long-Evans 

"" ' Long-Evans 

CD Long-Evans 

-.I 
..... 

\A) Spedes \A) 

0 

> 

Long-E vans Long-E vans Long-E vans 

long-Evans long-Evans long-Evans 

long-Evans long-Evans long-Evans 

Long-Evans 

long-Evans long-Evans 

Long-Evans Long-Evans Long-Evans Long-Evans 

long-Evans long-Evans 

(..J Long-E vans 

l Long-E vans 

....., long-Evans 

long-Evans 

Long-Evans 

long-Evans long-Evans long-Evans long-Evans 

long-Evans long-Evans . long-Evans long-Evans long-Evans long-Evans 

long-Evans 

Long-Evans Long-Evans 

long-Evans 

long-Evans long-Evans 

Long-Evans 

0 Long-Evans 

\A) 

' 0 ' a> ....., 
..... 

Species 

0 

> 

Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr 

Marshall 520/Cr 

Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr 

Marshall 520/Cr 

Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marshall 520/Cr Marsha 11 520/Cr Marsha 11 520/Cr 

Marshall 520/Cr 

(,.) Marshall 520/Cr 

I 

......! Marshall 520/Cr 

(,.) Marshall 520/Cr 

Marshall 520/Cr 

Marshall 520/Cr 

NBR/PlCr 

NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr 

NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr 

NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr 

0 NBR/PlCr 

NBR/PlCr 

...... 

0 NBR/PlCr 

1'\,) NBR/PlCr 

...... 

CXI NBR/PlCr 

......! 
_, 

...c ...c Spedes 

0 

> 

IBR/PlCr 

NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr NBR/PlCr 

NS 

NS 

IS 

NS 

IS 

NS NS NS 

Osborne-l'lendel Osborne-l'lendel Osborne-l'lendel Osborne-Mendel 

(..:I Osborne-l'lendel 

I Osborne-l'lendel 

-..J 

.. Osborne-Mendel 

Osborne-l'lendel 

Osborne-Mendel Osborne-Mendel Osborne-l'lende1 Osborne-Mendel 

Osborne-l'lendel 

Osborne-Mendel 

Osborne-l'lendel 

Osborne-l'lendel Osborne-l'lendel Osborne-l'lendel Osborne-l'lendel 

Osborne-Mendel Osborne-Mendel 

Osborne-l'lendel Osborne-l'lendel 

Osborne-l'lendel 

Osborne-l'lendel 

0 Osborne-Mendel 

1.0 

' 0 "" ' Q:) -..J 
-' 

1.0 Spec1es 1.0 

0 

> -

SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr 

SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr SH/Cr 

SH/Cr 

SH/Cr 

""' SH/Cr 

I SH/Cr 

-.J 

V'l 

Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley 

Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley Sprague-Dawley 

Sprague-Dawley 

0 Sprague-Dawley 

1.0 

' Sprague-Dawley 

0 Sprague-Dawley 

I\) 

' Sprague-Dawley 

cc Sprague-Dawley -.J 
..... 

I.D Spedes 

I.D 

0 

> 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Daw1ey/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

c,.) Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

I Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

-..J Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

a> Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley/MCr 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

0 Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

1.1) 

........ Sprague-Oawley Spartan 

0 Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

IV 

........ Sprague-Daw1ey Spartan 

CD SpraguP.-DawlP.y Spartan 

-..J 
-' 

ID Species ID 

0 

> 

--

Sprague-Dawley Spartan Sprague-Dawley Spartan Sprague-Dawley Spartan 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 

(..) Sprague-Dawley 1951 

I Sprague-Dawley 1951 

-.J Sprague-Dawley 1951 -.J Sprague-Dawley 1951 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 

Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 Sprague-Dawley 1951 

S5B/P1Cr S5B/P1Cr 

S58/P1Cr S58/P1Cr S58/P1Cr 

S5B/P1Cr 

S58/P1Cr 

S5B/P1Cr 

S58/P1Cr 

S5B/P1Cr S5B/P1Cr 

0 S5B/P1Cr 

I.D 

....... S5B/P1Cr 

0 S5B/P1Cr 

1\J 

....... S58/P1Cr 

CXI S5B/P1Cr 

-.J 
...J 

..0 Species ..0 

0 

> 

S58/P1Cr S58/P1Cr S58/P1Cr S58/P1Cr S58/P1Cr 

S58/P1Cr S58/P1Cr S58/P1Cr 

Wcrypt/Ztm Wcrypt/Ztm Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr 

Wlstar/Furth Cr 

(,.,) Wlstar/Furth Cr 

I Wlstar/Furth Cr 

...... 

c:o Wlstar/Furth Cr 

Wlstar/Furth Cr 

Wlstar/Furth Cr 

Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr Wlstar/Furth Cr 

Wlstar/Furth Cr 

Wlstar/Furth Cr 

Wlstar/Furth Cr 

Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

0 Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

..0 

...... Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

0 Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

1'\J 

...... Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

c:o Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

...... 
_, 

\D Species \D 

0 

> 

Wlstar/lewh Cr 

Wlstar/lewls Cr 

WI star /lewis Cr 

Wlstar/lewls Cr Wls tar /lewis Cr Wlstar/lewls Cr Wlstar/Lewls Cr Wlstar/Lewls Cr Wlstar/lewls Cr Wls tar /lewis Cr 

Wlstar/Lewls Cr Wlstar/Lewls Cr 

WI star /LewIs Cr 

Wls tar /Lewis Cr WI star /Lewis Cr 

Wh tar /LewIs Cr 

Wlstar 

(...,) Wlstar 

I WI star 

_, WI star 

\D Wlstar 

WI star WI star 

Wlstar 

WI star 

Wlstar 

WI star WI star WI star WI star 

Wls tar 

WI star 

Wlstar Wlstar Wlstar Wlstar Wlstar 

WI star 

Wlstar 

0 Wlstar 

\D 

...... WI star 

0 WI star 

!'\,) 

...... WI star 

co Wlstar 

_, 
..... 

\Q 

\Q 

c 

> 

(..) 

I 

CD 

c 

0 

\Q 

........ 

0 

1\.) 

........ 

CD 

-..1 

Spedes 

Whtar 

Whtar 

Whtar 

Wlstar 

Wtstar 

Whtar 

Wlstar 

W Is tar 

Wtstar 

Whtar 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

Yoshlda/Cr 

NS = Not specified 
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 

AGE IH YEARS 

FIGURE 3-21 

Body We,ght Data on Male and Female Rats 

(See Table 3-4 for data po1nts and references) 

1990A 3-81 09/02/87 
as illustrated in Figures 3-24 and 3-25, respectively. These figures 

include all of the data on Fischer rats presented in Table 3-4. The data 

reported by Mauderly (1986), on relatively small numbers of animals, vary 

from the other sets of data, particularly for male rats at 1 year and female 

rats at 2 years of age. These differences. however, do not have a substantial effect on the estimates of TWA body weights. 

In Fischer rats. clear peaks and subsequent decreases in body weight are 

apparent for both male and female rats. The peak in male rats occurs somewhat sooner (-1.5 years) than in female rats (-2 years,) and the decrease in 

body weight in male rats is more pronounced than in females. Given the 

large numbers of animals and the number of observations, it is unlikely that 

1990A 3-82 09/02/87 
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

AGI IH YIARS 

FIGURE 3-22 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Sprague-Dawley Rats 

l990A 3-83 09/02/87 
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

~ JH YIA!S 

FIGURE 3-23 

Recommended Growth Curve for female Sprague-Dawley Rats 

1990A 3-84 09/02187 
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 

A<il IN 'tiARS 

FIGURE 3-24 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male F1scher Rats 

l990A 3-65 09/02/67 
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 

AGE IM YEARS 

FIGURE 3-25 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female F1scher Rats 

1990A 3-86 09/02/87 
than long-Evans rats. like male Flscher rats, male long-Evans rats show a 

marked decline in body weight near the end of the lifespan. This decline 

appears later (2.1 years) in the long-Evans rats than in the Fischer rats 

(1.5 years). 

Growth data over the lifespan of male Wistar rats are plotted in Figure 

3-27. As specified in Table 3-4, this figure combines data on different 

varieties of Wistar rats and unspecified varieties of Wistar rats reported 

in different studies. This may partially account for the greater amount of 

scatter than that seen in the previous figures. Nonetheless. in the growth 

data on young Wistar rats (days 1-166) reported by Polley (1972), male and 

female Wistar/lewis rats appear to have greater growth rates than Wistar/ 

Furth rats. No clear peak in growth is evident in this strain. All of the 

1990A 3-87 09/02/87 
1990A 

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 

"'! I H YIARS 

FIGURE 3-26 

3.0 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male long-Evans Rats 

3-88 

3.5 

09/02/87 
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 

A<O! l H YIARS 

FIGURE 3-27 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male W1star Rats 

1990A 3-69 09/02/67 
When recommended body weights are not available from Table 3-5, any 

available body weight data should be used to select the strain of rat most 

similar to the strain used in the study being considered for risk assessment. If the strain of rat is not specified or if no body weight data are 

provided, using the recommended values for the Fischer rat will generally 

yield the lowest estimate of mg/kg/day dose, based on the use of the recommended body weight and the relationship of body weight to inhalation rates, 

food consumption, or water consumption. 

1990A 3-90 09/02/87 
-' 

1..0 

<.0 

0 

> 

Stra\n 

ACP 9935/Cr 

ACP 9935/Cr 

AC1 9935/Cr 

ACl 9935/Cr 

ALBANY/Cr 

w ALBANY 9935/Cr 

I 

<.0 

_, August 28807/Cr 

August 28807/Cr 

BN/Cr 

BN/Cr 

BUFFALO/Cr 

BUFFALO/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr 

Copenhagen/Cr 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) 

Cr:MGAPS(OM) ~ Cr:RAR(SO) a Cr : RAR (SO) 

N ' (XI -

-.I 

Sex 

F 

M 

F 

M 

F 

M 

F 

M 

F 

M 

F 

M 

F 

M 

F 

M 

F 

M 

TABLE 3-!:i 

Reference Values for Body Welghts of Various Strains of Rats 

Weight Weight at Subt:hron1c lWA Chronic lWA 

at B1rth Weaning Body Weight Body We1ght 

0.0051 0.033 0.131 0.2466* Polle

0.0052 0.0341 0.169 0.3237* Polle

0.0053 0.0342 0.137 0.2588* Polle

0.0054 0.0357 0.1&8 0.3217* Polle

0.0071 0.0535 0.184 0.3542* Polle

0.0072 0.0553 0.240 0.4678* Polle

0.0059 0.0404 0.159 0.3034* Polle

0.0061 0.0426 0.207 0.4008* Polle

0.00&1 0.0437 0.138 0.2608* Polle

0.0062 0.0448 0.210 0 .4069* Polle

0.0055 0.0278 0. 1 &8 0.3217* Polle

0.0064 0.0448 0.229 0.4455* Polle

0.0057 0.0266 0.149 0.2832* Polle

0.0058 0.0307 0.204 0.3947* Polle

0.0058 0.0484 0.192 0.3704* Polle

0.0061 0.0551 0.245 0.4779* Polle

0.00&5 0.0556 0.202 0.3907* Polle

0.0067 0.0594 0.263 0.5144* Polle
TABLE 3-5 (cont.) 

-' 

1.0 

1.0 

0 

l> 

Straln Sex Welght Welght at Subchronic TWA Chronic TWA R

at Birth Weaning Body Weight Body Welght 

Flscher F 0.0055 0.03 0.124 0.229 Comp

Fischer M 0.0059 0.03 0.180 0.380 Comp

Long-Evans F 0.0061 0.0383 0.179 0.3440* Polley

Long-Evans M 0.0066 0.0400 0.248 0.472 Comp

Marshall 520/Cr F 0.0059 0.0328 0.143 (l. ;>/ I 0* Poi ley

Marshall 520/Cr M 0.0060 0.0407 0. 217 0.4211* Polley

NBR/PlCr F 0.0058 0.0275 0.140 0.2649* Polley

w 

NBR/PlCr M 0.0058 0.0283 0.193 0.3724* Polley

I 

1.0 

N Osborne-Mendel F 0.0064 0.0520 0.286 0.5611* Polley

Osborne-Mendel F 0.0064 0.0530 0.201 o. :mHo* Poi1ey

Osborne-Mendel M 0.0064 0.0530 0.263 0.5144* Polley

SH/Cr F 0.0055 0.0400 0.143 0.2710* Polley

SH/Cr M 0.0062 0.0424 0.205 0.3968* Polley

Sprague-Dawley F 0.0063 0.0515 0.204 0.338 Comp

Sprague-Dawley M 0.0067 0.0527 0.267 0.523 Comp

S5B/P1Cr r 0.0059 0.036(1 0. H3 0.?/i(i' hl i I : 

SSB/PlCr M 0.0061 0.0387 0.210 0.4069* Pol ley

Wlstar/Furth Cr F 0.0071 0. 0391 0.137 0.2588* Polley

Wlstar/Furth Cr M 0.0072 0.0400 0.179 0.3440* Polley

0 

1.0 F 0.0051 0.0524 0.234 0.4556* Polley

-...... Wlstar/Lewls Cr ~ Wlstar/Lew1s Cr M 0.0052 0.0533 0.289 0.5672* Polley

........ 

co 

-..1 
.... 

I.D 

I.D 

0 

)> 

w 

I 

I.D 

w 

0 

I.D 

........ 

0 

1'\J 

........ 

(X) 

-.J 

Stra1n 

W1star 

W1star 

Yoshida/Cr 

Yosh1da/Cr 

Sex 

f 

H 

f 

H 

Welght 

at B1rth 

0.006 

0.006 

0.0060 

0.0061 

TABLE 3-5 (cont.) 

Welght at 

Weaning 

0.040 

0.046 

0.0515 

0.0567 

Subchron1c TWA 

Body Weight 

0.156 

0.217 

0.154 

0. 271 

Chronic TWA 

Body Welght 

0.2974* 

0.462 

0.2933* 

0.5307* 

Comp

Comp

Polle

Polle

*Recolllllended chronic body welghts based on the equation, BWch :::. -0.019+2 .03 BWsub, wher

reconmended chron1c body and BWsub 1s the recommendt~d subchronic body we1ght. 
3.2.3. Gu1nea P1gs. The U.S. EPA has not recommended a reference body 

we1ght for gu1nea pigs. Values for gu1nea p1g body we1ght reported 1n the 

literature 1nclude 0.27 kg (Boxenbaum, 1983), 0.43 kg (ARS/Sprague-Dawley, 

1974) and 0.75 (Lehman, 1959). Growth data for gu1nea pigs and some 

add1t1onal body we1ghts for gu1nea p1gs of unspec1fied age are summar1zed 1n 

Table 3-6. All we1ght data from Table 3-6, for wh1ch correspond1ng ages are 

specif1ed, are plotted 1n F1gure 3-28 

The data base for gu1nea p1gs is much less complete than that for m1ce 

or rats. Donhoffer (1986) presents data over a per1od close to the 6-year 

recommended lifespan for the gu1nea pig. Wh1le these reported values are 

consistent with the data g1ven by Mortola (1983, 1984). neither sex nor 

stra1n are specif1ed. In add1tion, the body weight data reported by 

Donhoffer (1986) are markedly less than sex- and stra1n-spec1f1c data 

reported by Po1ley (1972), Hirsch (1973) and Nav1a and Lopez (1973). These 

data for male gu1nea p1gs are illustrated in Figure 3-29. The lower ser1es 

of smooth body we1ght points are those reported by Po1ley (1972) for the 

American short-ha1r gu1nea p1g. The upper ser1es of smooth body we1ght 

po1nts are those for the Alb1no short-ha1r (H1rsch, 1973) and Hartley (Nav1a 

and Lopez, 1973) strains. 

guinea p1gs are that of 

(Figure 3-30). 

The only sex-specif1c data reported for female 

Poiley (1972) for the Amer1can short-ha1r 

For propos1ng recommended values, 1t does not seem reasonable to rely on 

the data of Donhoffer (1986) both because the sex and stra1n are not spec1-

f1ed and because the data, whne plaus1ble ghen the scatter prev1ously 

noted with rats and m'ce, are not cons,stent with the sex- and stra,nspecific data plotted 1n F1gures 3-29 and 3-30. As an alternaUve, subchron1c body we1ghts are der1ved from the available sex and stra1n data. 

1991A 3-94 09/02/87 
TABlE 3-6 

...... Growth and Body Welght Data on Guinea P\gs ...... 

> 

Spec\es Sex No. of Age We\ght Var\ance Re

An \ma 1s (days) (kg) 

Alb\no short-hair male 5 10 0.20000 NS H\rsch, 1Alb\no short-ha1r male 5 20 0.27000 NS Hlrsch, 1Albino short ·hair male 5 30 0.36000 NS Hirsch, 1

Alb1no short-halr male 5 40 0.41500 NS H\rsch, 1

Alb\no short-hair male 5 50 0.48000 NS H\rsch, 1Albino short-ha\r male 5 60 0.52000 NS H\rsch, 1Alb1no short-hair male 5 70 0.58000 NS Hirsch, 1Amer. short-ha\r female 50 1 0.07900 l.SOE-004 Poi ley, 1

7"' Amer. short-ha1r female 50 7 0.11060 1.50E-004 Polley, 1

Amer. short-halr female 50 14 0.14560 2.33E-004 Polley, 1

Amer. short-ha\r female 50 21 0.18010 4. 52E -004 Polley, 1

Amer. short-halr female 50 28 0.21890 7.02E-004 Polley, 1Amer. short-ha\r female 50 42 0.29730 2. 23E -003 Polley, 1Amer. short-halr female 48 56 0.37420 1. 98E -003 Polley, 1Amer. short-halr female 48 70 0.44950 2.53E-003 Polley. 1Amer. short-halr female 48 84 0.51890 3.48E-003 Polley, 1Amer. short-halr female 48 112 0.62560 5.26E -003 Polley, 1Amer. short-halr female 48 140 0.72010 9.65E-003 Polley, 1Amer. short-halr female 47 168 0.79620 1. 35E -003 Polley, 1Amer. short-halr female 47 196 0.83750 2.65E-003 Polley, 1Amer. short-hair male 50 1 0.08030 2.56E-004 Polley, 1Amer. short-halr male 50 7 0.11570 1. 76E -004 Polley, 1Amer. short-ha\r male 50 14 0.15560 2 .40E -004 Polley, 1

.Amer. short-halr male 50 21 0.20040 6.63E-004 Polley. 1

0 Amer. short-hair male 50 28 0.24060 1.09E -003 Polley, 1

Amer. short-ha\r male 49 42 0.32740 b.7bE-004 Polley, 1

Amer. short-ha\r male 49 56 0.40530 1. 35E -003 Polley, 1

....... 

CCI 

-.J 
TABLE 3-6 (cont.) 

...... 

1.0 

1.0 

...... 

> 

Specles Sex No. of Age We\ght Var\ance Re

An\ma ls (days) (kg) 

Amer. short-hair male 49 70 0.48250 7.84E-004 Po \1 e y. 1

Amer. short-hair male 49 84 0.54680 1. 28E -003 Polley, 1

Amer. short-ha\r male 49 112 0.65690 2.40E-003 Polley, 1

Amer. short-halr male 49 140 0.76010 4.10E-003 Po\ley, 1

Amer. short-hair male 45 168 0.84010 2 .12E-003 Po \ley. 1

Amer. short-halr male 45 196 0.89930 2.63E-003 Polley. 1

Duncan-Hartley female 45 NS 020350 2.26E-005 Shelton, 

Duncan-harltey female 45 NS 0.44250 9. 51E-005 Shelton, 

Duncan-Hartley male 15 NS 0.20400 1. 60E-005 Shelton. 

Duncan-Hartley male 15 NS 0.46350 1.81E-005 Shelton. 

c..:> 

I ~ Hart ley male NS 21 0.28000 NS Nav\a and 

Hartley male NS 42 0.45000 NS Nav\a and 

Hartley male NS 70 0.61000 NS Nav\a and 

Hartley male NS 98 0.72000 NS Navia and 

Hartley both 10 98 0.51200 9.80E-003 Mauderly 

NS male 6 NS 0.30900 1.61E-004 Murphy an

NS male 6 NS 0.34000 1.35E -004 Murphy an

NS male 6 NS 0.37900 3. 39E -004 Murphy an

NS NS NS NS 0.80000 NS Bruce, 19

NS NS 73 2 0.09200 1.16E-004 Donhoffer

NS NS 39 5 0.10200 8.64E-004 Donhoffer

NS NS 35 8 0.11100 8.28E-004 Donhoffer

NS NS 52 15 o. 15900 1 .33E -003 Donhoffer

NS NS 47 45 0.29900 2.40E-003 Donhoffer

0 NS NS 78 195 0.68000 1.94E-003 Donhoffer

~ NS NS 33 810 0.76200 2.88E-003 Donhoffer

~ NS NS 18 1260 0.69900 NS Donhoffer

....... 

CXl 

-.j 
_, 

t..O 

t..O 

_, 

J> 

(..) 

I 

t..O 

-...1 

0 

t..O 

' 0 N 

' co -...1 

Species 

NS 

NS 

NS 

NS 

NS 

NS 

NS = Not spec1fied 

Sex No. of 

An1ma1s 

NS 19 

NS 18 

NS NS 

NS 8 

NS 5 

NS 2 

TABLE 3-& (cont.) 

Age We1ght Variance R

(days) (kg) 

1440 0.82000 NS Donhoffe

1800 0.&9500 2 .10E -003 Donhoffe

NS 0.80000 NS Lane-Pet

NS 0.19400 1.5&E-004 Head. 196

4 0.11&00 1.&9E-004 Horto1a. 

3 0.09110 1.80E-004 Horto1a. 
0.9 - o.e ~ .. .. 

·~ • ~' 

0.7 ••1 :.,. 

r 

• • ~ l -.-1 

0.6 ... 

• V: H 

T ~ . 

i 

0.5 =t n 

l 0.4 ... ~ 

' 

0.3 ~I 

0.2 'I ~ 

0.1 

I I I I I I I I I I 

0.5 1.0 1.5 .2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 

~~ Ir~ YIAP.S 

FIGURE 3-28 

Body We1ght Data on Gu1nea P1gs 

(See Table 3-6 for data po1nts and references) 

1991A 3-98 09/02/87 
0.9 

• o.a J • 

0.1 

r 

• 

0.6 

H ., T • • i 0.5 

n • 

l 0.4 • c: • 

0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

25.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 125.0 150.0 175.0 3:10.0 

~~ JH !lAYS 

FIGURE 3-29 

Growth Data on Male Gulnea P1gs 

l991A 3-99 09/02/87 
0.9 

0.8 

0.7 

r 0.6 

H 

T 

i 0.~ 

n 

! 0.4 

0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

25.0 

l991A 

so.o 

• 

• 

• 

• 

·I 

-,.o 100.0 125.0 1so.o 1-,.o a:>o.o 

A;I IN M'tS 

FIGURE 3-30 

Growth Data on Female Gu1nea P1gs 

3-100 09/02/81 
For male gu1nea p1gs (see Figure 3-29). separate subchron1c body we1ghts 

could be der1ved for the upper and lower body we1ght patterns d1scussed 

above. G1ven the paucity of the data and the uncerta1nty in extrapolaUng 

such esUmates to chron1c body we1ghts, only a single value of 0.48 kg 1s 

proposed for all male gu1nea pigs. For female gu1nea pigs, the proposed 

recommended subchronic body we1ght is 0.39 kg. These values are based on 

the recommended age at weaning of 14 days for gu1nea p1gs and the 90-day 

duration of a subchronic study. 

The TWA body we1 ght curves for ma 1 e and fema 1 e gu 1 nea p1 gs g1 ven 1 n 

Figures 3-29 and 3-30 are extended 1n F1gures 3-31 and 3-32, based on the 

assumpUon that body we1ghts reach a plateau after 300 days at 1.0 kg for 

males and 0.9 kg for females. These f1gures are not extended over the full 

6-year lHespan of the gu1nea p1g because lHespan tox1city stud1es are 

rarely, H ever, conducted on th1s spec1es. For prov1d1ng a recommended 

chronic body weight, a 2-year exposure per1od 1s assumed. The recommended 

chron1c body we1ghts for male and females are est1mated at 0.89 and 0.86 kg, 

respecUvely. 

3.2.4. Hamsters. The U.S. EPA has not recommended a reference body 

we1ght for hamsters. ARS/Sprague-Dawley (1974) g1ves a standard body we1ght 

of 0.12 kg. Other reported body we1ghts for adult and weanling hamsters are 

g1ven 1n Table 3-7, along w1th ava1lable growth data. All growth data presented 1n Table 3-7 are plotted 1n Figure 3-33. The po1nts 1n Figure 3-33 

that show a markedly lower growth rate than most of the other po1nts are for 

Chinese (Calland et al., 1986) and Djungarian (Heldma1er et al., 1982) 

hamsters. Because of the substant1ally lower body we1ghts reported for 

these stra1ns, separate body we1ght values w1ll be recommended. Growth data 

are not ava1lable over the 2.5-year recommended lHespan of the hamster. 

l991A 3-101 09/02/87 
1 ... - - .. .. ~ 

- .... 

! "" i ... ... ..... ~ .... ,.. 

I I I l I ! 0.9 l.... 

• ~ -- o.e I 

7 

r 

• 

0.7 • 

H 0.6 • • l/ 

T • f •• l n o., "'I l !a ' 0.4 •J 0.3 1,r 

0.2 

0.1 

I I I I I I I 

o.s 1.0 1.5 2.0 2., 3.0 3., 

"'I IH 'BARS 

FIGURE 3-31 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Gu1nea P1gs 

1991A 3-102 09/02/87 
9 

0.1 

7 

0.5 

1991A 

1 

0.9 

0.8 

1 o. 7 

~ 0.6 

i 

n 0.5 

! 0.4 

0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

.v 

.L 

, 

I 

0.5 

i 

1 ... 

I 

1.0 

I 

1.5 

I 

2.0 

A<:t I" YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-32 

I 

2.~ 

r 

..... 

I 

3.0 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Gu,nea P'gs 

3-103 

I 

3.~ 

09/02/87 
_, 

IJ:I 

IJ:I 

_, 

> 

Specles 

Chlnese 

Chinese 

Chlnese 

Chlnese 

Chinese 

Chlnese 

Chinese 

Chinese 

Chlnese 

c..> 

_, 

1 Chinese ~ Chinese 

Chinese 

Chinese 

Chinese 

Chinese 

Chinese 

Chinese 

Cr:RGH(SYR) 

Cr:RGH(SYR) 

Cr:RGH(SYR) 

Cr:RGH(SYR) 

Cr:RGH(SYR) 

Cr:RGH(SYR) 

Cr:RGH(SYR) ~ Cr:RGH(SYR) 

' Cr: RGH ( SYR) 0 "" Cr: RGH ( SYR) ' co Cr: RGH ( SYR) -...~ Cr:RGH(SYR) 

Sex 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

male 

male 

male 

male 

male 

male 

male 

male 

male 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

female 

TABLE 3-7 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Hamsters 

No. of Age We\ght Variance Refe

Anlma l s (days) (kg) 

25 21 0.01500 NS Calland et a

25 28 0.01900 NS Calland et a

25 35 0.02150 NS Calland et a

25 49 0.02400 NS Calland et a

25 63 0.02550 NS Calland et a

25 77 0.02750 NS Calland et a

25 91 0.02900 NS Calland et a

25 112 0.03050 NS £alland et a

25 21 0.01500 NS Calland et a

25 28 0.01900 NS Calland et a

25 35 0.02600 NS Calland et a

25 49 0.02550 NS Calland et a

25 63 0.02950 NS Calland et a

25 77 0.03200 NS Calland et a

25 91 0.03450 NS Calland et a

25 98 0.03550 NS Calland et a

25 112 0.03750 NS Calland et a

56 1 0.00300 2.02E-007 Polley. 1972 

60 7 0.00780 4. 20E -006 Polley. 1972 

203 14 0.01750 2.65E-005 Polley. 1972 

120 21 0.04030 2.63E-005 Poi ley. 1972 

120 28 0.04420 8.79E-005 Polley. 1972 

143 42 0.09300 1. 54E -005 Polley. 1972 

151 56 0.09450 2. 21E -005 Polley. 1972 

163 70 0.10330 3.16E -005 Polley. 1972 

162 84 0.11490 3.36E-005 Poiley. 1972 

101 112 0.13590 2. 81E -005 Polley. 1972 

94 140 0.14960 1.02E-005 Polley. 1972 

88 168 0.15780 1.79E-005 Poi ley. 1972 
TABLE 3-7 (cont.) 

--' 

U) U) 

--' 

> 

Spec1es Sex No. of Age We1ght Variance Ref

Animals (days) (kg) 

Cr:RGH(SYR) male 54 1 0.00290 2.50E-007 Po1ley, 1972 Cr:RGH(SYR) male 58 7 0.00690 4.95E-006 Po1 ley. 1972 Cr:RGH(SYR) male 204 14 0.01830 2.94E-005 Po1 ley. 1972 Cr:RGH(SYR) male 160 21 0.04000 2.97E-005 Po1 ley. 1972 Cr:RGH(SYR) male 160 28 0.04870 9.41E-005 Polley, 1972 Cr:RGH(SYR) male 155 42 0.08610 6.16E-005 Po1 ley. 1972 

Cr:RGH(SYR) male 163 56 0.09150 8.85E-006 Po1 ley. 1972 

Cr:RGH(SYR) male 171 70 0.09940 1.46E-005 Po1ley, 1972 Cr:RGH(SYR) male 154 84 0.10390 6.63E-006 Po1 ley. 1972 Cr:RGH(SYR) male 98 112 0.12190 2.16E-005 Po1 ley. 1972 

Cr:RGH(SYR) male 77 140 0.13180 5.26E-005 Po1 ley. 197

w Cr: RGH ( SYR) male 86 168 0.14050 1. 33E -005 Polley, 1972 

I 

--' 

Cr: RHG( SYR) female NS 21 0.04000 2. 50f N/\S, 1978 

Cr:RHG(SYR) female NS 28 0.04400 9.03E-005 NAS, 1978 Cr:RHG(SYR) female NS 56 0.09500 2.26E-005 NAS, 1978 

Cr:RHG(SYR) female NS 84 0.11500 3.60E-005 NAS, 1978 Cr:RHG(SYR) female NS 168 0.15800 1. 81E -005 NAS, 1978 Cr:RHG(SYR) male NS 21 0.04000 3.02E-005 NAS, 1978 

Cr:RHG(SYR) male NS 28 0.04900 9. 51E -005 NAS, 1978 Cr:RHG(SYR) male NS 56 0.09200 9.00E-006 NAS, 1978 Cr:RHG(SYR) male NS 84 0.10400 6.25E-006 NAS, 1978 Cr:RHG(SYR) male NS 168 0.14100 1. 22E -005 NAS, 1978 

Djungarian NS 16 91 0.02760 3.60E-007 Heldmaier eDjungar1an NS 14 91 0.04110 8.10E-007 Ueldmaier e

Ela:ENG(SYR) female NS 20 0.03800 NS NAS, 1978 Ela:ENG(SYR) female NS 30 0.06000 NS NAS, 1978 Ela:ENG(SYR) female NS 40 0.08100 NS NAS, 1978 

Ela:ENG(SYR) female NS 60 0.10000 NS NAS, 1978 

c:c 

....... 
TABLE 3-7 (cont.) 

....... 

I.C I.C 

....... 

J> 

Species Sex No. of Age Weight Varlance Ref

Anlmals (days) (kg) 

Ela:ENG(SYR) 1 e NS 70 0.10700 NS NAS, 1978 

Ela:ENG(SYR) female NS 90 0.12400 NS NAS, 1978 Ela:ENG(SYR) male NS 20 0.03600 NS NAS, 1978 Ela:ENG(SYR) male NS 30 0.06100 NS NAS, 1978 Ela:ENG(SYR) male NS 40 0.08200 NS NAS, 1978 Ela:ENG(SYR) male NS 60 0.10200 NS NAS, 1978 Ela:ENG(SYR) male NS 70 0.10800 NS NAS, 1978 Ela:ENG(SYR) male NS 90 0.12600 NS NAS, 1978 

Golden Syrlan female 10 35 0.07300 NS Feron et alGolden Syrlan female 10 49 0.08800 NS Feron et al

w female 10 63 0.09300 NS Feron et al

• Golden Syrlan 

Golden Syrlan female 10 77 0.10400 NS Feron et al

0'1 Golden Syrlan female 10 91 0.10900 NS Feron et al

Golden Syrlan fema 1 e 10 105 0.11900 NS Feron et alGolden Syrlan female 10 119 0.11000 NS Feron et alGolden Syrlan female 10 133 0.12000 NS Feron et al

Golden Syrlan male 10 35 0.07400 NS Feron et al

Golden Syrlan male 10 49 0.09300 NS Feron et alGolden Syrlan male 10 63 0.09600 NS Feron et al

Golden Syrlan male 10 Tl 0.10300 NS Feron et alGolden Syrlan male 10 91 0.10600 NS Feron et al

Golden Syrlan male 10 105 0.10800 NS Feron et alGolden Syrlan male 10 119 0.10700 NS Feron et alGolden Syrlan male 10 133 0.10800 NS Feron et alGolden Syrlan both 192 28 0.05600 l.OOE-006 Knapka and 

Golden Syrlan both 192 35 0.06900 l.OOE-006 Knapka and 

o Golden Syrlan both 192 42 0.07650 1.56E-006 Knapka and 

I.C ' Golden Syrlan both 192 49 0.08350 1.56E-006 Knapka and 

0 both 192 56 0.08950 5.63E-007 Knapka and 

N Golden Syrlan ' CD -.I 
lABLE 3-7 (cont.) 

-' 

1..0 

1..0 

-' 

> 

Spec1es Sex No. of Age Weight Varlance Ref

An1mals (days) (kg) 

Golden male 10 adult 0.11540 1. 21E -004 Holloway and 

Golden both 22 weaned 0.04170 l.OOE-008 Arrington, 

Golden both 22 weaned 0.04170 l.OOE-008 Arrington, 

Golden both 12 42 0.07475 3.45E ·-004 Banta et al

Golden both NS 1 0.00400 NS Farr1s, 1950 

Golden both NS 20 0.02800 NS Farris, 1950 

Golden both NS 40 0.07000 NS Farris, 1950 

Golden both NS 60 0.09200 NS Farris, 1950 

Golden both NS 80 0.10750 7.56E-006 Farr1s, 1950 

Golden both NS 100 0.12850 4.56E-005 Farr1s, 1950 

Golden both NS 140 0.13350 1.81E -005 Farr1s, 1950 

w Golden both NS 180 0.14650 1.81E -005 Farr1s, 1950 ~ Golden both NS 220 0.15000 2.50E-005 Farris, 1950 

0 

-.1 Golden both NS 260 0.15150 1.06E-005 Farris, 1950 

Golden both NS 300 0. I ~,?!10 ? . ?b~ -00!, ~arris, 1950 

Golden both NS 360 0.15450 2.76E-005 Farris, 1950 

Golden both 40 21 0.03850 5.63E-007 Granados, 1

Golden both 40 56 0.07550 1.41E -005 Granados, 1

Golden both 40 91 0.09250 5.06E-006 Granados, 1

Golden both 40 126 0.11000 6.25E-006 Granados, 1

Golden both 40 161 0.11500 1.60E-005 Granados, 1

Golden NS NS adult 0.09000 NS Lane-Peter 

NS NS NS adult 0.09000 NS Bruce, 1950 

NS NS 4 5 0.00643 NS Mortola and 

Standard LVG female NS 21 0.03500 NS NAS, 1978 

Standard LVG female NS 28 0.05400 NS NAS, 1978 

0 female NS 35 0.06600 NS NAS, 1978 1..0 Standard LVG 

........ 

o Standard LVG female NS 56 0.09700 NS NAS, 1978 ~ Standard LVG female NS 70 0.10700 NS NAS, 1978 

CD female NS 84 0.11500 NS NAS, 1978 -.1 Standard LVG 
TABLE 3-7 (cont.) 

-' 

"" "" -' 

> 

Species Sex No. of Age Weight .. Var1ance Ref

An1mals (days) (kg) 

Standard LVG male NS 21 0.03500 NS NAS. 1978 

Standard LVG male NS 28 0.05200 NS NAS, 1978 

Standard LVG male NS 35 0.07000 NS NAS. 1978 

Standard LVG male NS 56 0.10200 NS NAS, 1978 

Standard LVG male NS 70 0.11000 NS NAS, 1978 

Standard LVG male NS 84 0.12500 NS NAS. 1978 

Syr1an FlB male 10 40 0.06380 2.50E-005 Schlenker, 

Syrian FlB male 10 10 0.08860 3.14E-005 Schlenker. 

Syr1an FlB male 10 100 0.10200 1.14E-004 Schlenker, 

c..J ~ Syr1an[Sch:Syr] both 10 98 0.11000 1 .21E -004 Mauderly et 

0 

(X) Syr1an female 10 21 0.03800 1 . 73E --004 Arr1ngton e

Syr1an female 10 35 0.06700 2 .21E -005 Arr1ngton e

Syr1an female 10 42 0.07900 2.01E-004 Arr1ngton e

Syrian female 10 63 0.09600 2.09E-004 Arr1ngton e

Syr1an male 8 21 0.04100 1.59E-004 Arr1ngton e

Syr1an male 8 35 0.06700 1.95E-004 Arr1ngton e

Syr1an male 8 42 0.07900 2.22E-004 Arr1ngton e

Syr1an male 8 63 0.09600 5. 51E -005 Arr1ngton e

Syr1an male 8 25 0.04600 NS Rogers et a

Syr1an male 8 30 0.06100 NS Rogers et a

Syr1an male 8 35 0.07600 NS Rogers et a

Syr1an male 8 40 0.08800 NS Rogers et a

Syr1an male 8 50 0.09900 NS Rogers et a

Syr1an male 8 70 0.11000 NS Rogers et a

~ Syr1an male 8 90 0.12300 NS Rogers et a

;;:; Syrlan male 8 105 0.12700 NS Rogers et a

~ Syrlan male 40 109 0.12900 2.89E-004 Rubin et al

~ Syrlan both 10 112 0.11100 1. 21E -004 Mauderly and 

NS = Not speclf1ed 
0.16 

• r • • • • 

0.14 ,. •l .. , I 

0.12 ! 

r i• ! 

i 

0.1 i 

~ 

i 

n 0.08 

! 

0.06 

0.04 : :. 

i .~. 

0.02 

• • •• • i 

:so.o 100.0 1:so.o ax>.o 250.0 3:X>.o 350.0 400.0 

AGI IH PAYS 

FIGURE 3-33 

Body We,ght Data on Hamsters 

(See Table 3-7 for data po,nts and references) 

1991A 3-109 09/02187 
The only data on growth over an observ~tion per1od of >6 months are provided 

in a study on the Golden hamster (Farris. 1950}, in which average weights 

are given for both sexes combined. 

Sex dHferences in body weight do not appear to be as pronounced 1n 

hamsters as in other species of laboratory animals. Data on the growth rate 

of male hamsters, excluding Chinese and Djungarian strains, are plotted in 

Figure 3-34. Corresponding data for female hamsters are plotted in Figure 

3-35. Although some scatter is apparent in both of these figures, the data 

are reasonably consistent and are not clearly associated with differences in 

strain. Using the data presented in these figures and a recommended age at 

weaning of 21 days, the recommended subchronic body weights for these 

strains of male and female hamsters are 0.097 and 0.095 kg, respectively. 

In estimaUng chron1c body weights for these strains of hamsters. data 

on males and females are extended in Figures 3-36 and 3-37, respectively, 

using assumed mature body weights of 0.15 kg for males and 0.16 kg for 

females. These assumed values bracket the combined weight for 1-year-old 

male and female Golden hamsters of -0.155 kg (Farris, 1950} and reflect the 

somewhat higher body weights reported for female hamsters ages 100-200 days. 

compared with males. Using these assumptions, recommended chronic body 

weights for these strains of hamsters are 0.134 kg for males and 0.145 kg 

for females. 

Growth data on male and female Chinese hamsters are presented in Figures 

3-38 and 3-39. respectively. and the corresponding recommended subchronic 

body weights are 0.03 kg for males and 0.025 kg for females. The ratio of 

chronic-to-subchronic body weights for Golden Syrian hamsters (1.38 for 

males and 1. 52 for females} are used to est1mate recommended chronic body 

weights for Chinese hamsters of 0.041 kg for males and 0.038 kg for females. 

1991A 3-110 09/02/87 
0.15 

0.14 

0.13 

0.12 

r 

0.11 

0.1 

~ 0.09 

i 0.08 

n 

l 0.07 

' 0.06 

0.05 

0.04 

0.03 

0.02 

0.01 

25.0 

1991A 

•I ~· 

5:).0 75.0 100.0 125.0 

~! IH J>AYS 

FIGURE 3-34 

Growth Data on Male Hamsters 

(Excluding Chinese Strain) 

3-111 

150.0 175.0 

09/02/87 
0.16 

0.1:5 

0.14 

0.13 

I 0.12 

0.11 

0.1 

T 0.09 

i 

n 0.08 

! 0.07 

0.06 

0.05 

0.04 

0.03 

0.02 

0.01 

1991A 

• 

• • •j 

.... ..... 

• 

... • 

• 

I 

25.0 

I 

~.0 

--r 1 

?S.O 100.0 

IKI J" »AYS 

FIGURE 3-35 

I 

125.0 

Growth Data on Female Hamsters 

(Exclud1ng Ch1nese Stra1n) 

3-112 

I 

150.0 

• 

I 

175.0 

09/02/87 
l991A 

0.1, --.-----.... -~._---r'_. ____ -:--... -~~-..... -~ 

0.14 -+-------'...._----+-----+-----+-----~ 

0.13 +---:.r--t---+--~-=±~::;:=_..f=~==::; 0.12 4--... ~~-.,._ ____ -~-·;-----~_;:_~----~------i 

w 0.11 ;,t:"" ./ 

fi o.1 -~ L 

T 0.09 -+-"""l',~t'lil!"~/-...,_l ___ --+----!-----+-------! 

~ 0.~ 4-~W~~~~~-.,._ ____ .._ _____ *-----*-----~ 

0.07 .. 

f 0.06 -+-•~4,'----+------+-----+----+------o 

0.05 -"-~---+------;------+-----;-------; 0.0. • 

0.03 -+--------+-----,..__----+-----+------; 

0.02 -+.,,a-------;-------;-------+------+-------1 

0.01 --1*, ---;..------+----+-----+-------: 

I 

o.s 

l 1 

1.0 1., 

AGE 1 H YIARS 

FIGURE 3-36 

I 

2.0 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Hamsters 

(Exclud,ng Ch,nese Strain) 

3-113 

I 

2.5 

09/02187 
I 

v 

I 

n 

l 

' 

1991A 

0.16 .l~ ... - 0.15 ... : ... 

0.14 • ·~ 

0.13 ~ ------: 

• ... 0.12 ....... / 0.11 

0.1 ...... l~ 

.. F 0.09 

0.08 : .,/ 

.,.. 0.07 !I 0.06 

., 0.05 

0.04 - ~( 0.03 

0.02 14 

0.01 

•• I I I I 

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 

~~ IH 'BARS 

FIGURE 3-37 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Hamsters 

(Excluding Chinese Strain) 

3-114 

- -

-\ 

1 

2.5 

09/02/87 
0.04 

• 

0.035 

• 

r 

0.03 

H 0.025 

T 

l 

n 0.02 

I 

c: 

0.015 

0.01 

,!'"3 

25.0 50.0 r.i.O 100.0 125.0 

IK! IH »AY'S 

FIGURE 3-38 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Chinese Hamsters 

1991A 3-115 09/02/87 
0.035 

0.03 • • 

r 

0.02'5 

' 0.02 

i 

n 

f 0.015 

0.01 

51""3 

25.0 :50.0 75.0 100.0 125.0 

~I" PAYS 

FIGURE 3-39 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Ch1nese Hamsters 

1991A 3-116 09/02/87 
Although growth data are not available for Djungar1an hamsters, the body 

we1ghts reported for 90-day-old hamsters of th1s stra1n (Heldmaier et al., 

1982) are much closer to those of Chinese than Golden hamsters. Thus, the 

recommended values for Ch1nese hamsters should be appl1ed to stud1es using 

Djungarlan hamsters. 

The rather substantlal varlatlon ln the welghts of 91-day-old Djungarian 

hamsters reported by Heldmaler et al. (1982) reflect seasonal differences, 

the heavier welght recorded ln summer and the l lghter welght recorded ln 

winter. Seasonal differences ln growth rates and body weights of hamsters 

are also dlscussed by Granados (1951). Information for assesslng the 

effects of seasonal differences ls not common ln the toxlcology or growth 

lHerature. Thus, seasonal factors are not used ln recommendlng blologlcal 

values ln lhls report, although such differences are noted when data are 

available. Such differences, nonetheless, should be recognized as potential 

and perhaps substantlal sources of error ln the appllcatlon of recommended 

values ln risk assessments. 

3.2.5. Gerblls. The U.S. EPA has not recommended a reference value for 

gerblls, and these anlmals were not lncluded ln an earller report on recommended values for rlsk assessment (U.S. EPA, 1985). Although not commonly 

used in toxlcological studles, gerblls are usually consldered in most recent 

reference texts on laboratory animals (Arrlngton, 1978) and are belng used 

more frequently ln biomedlcal research. 

As summarized in Table 3-8, most avallable data are on the Mongollan 

gerbil; only blrth and mature welghts were reported by Lane-Peter et al. 

(1967) for other strains. As illustrated in F'gures 3-40 and 3-41 for ma1e·s 

and females, respectlvely, growth data for both sexes are relatlvely conslstent and cover the 3-year recommended lifespan. The body welghts reported 

1991A 3-117 09/02/87 
..... 

<.0 <.0 

..... 

J> 

Specles 

Herlones shawi 

Herlones shawl Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan 

Hongollan w 

.:.. Hongollan 

Mongol lan Hongollan 

Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan 

Hongollan 

Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan Hongollan 

Mongol lan 

Hongollan 

Mongol lan 

(X) 

-.I 

Sex 

NS 

NS 

le 

female 

female female female female female female 

female 

female 

female female female female female female female female female 

female female female female female 

le 

TABLE 3-8 

Growth and Body Welght Data on Gerblls 

No. of Age Welght Varlance Re

Anlmals (days) (kg) 

NS 1 0.00475 3. 91E -007 lane-Peter NS adult 0.18500 1 .06E -003 lane-Peter 

many 1 0.00400 NS Arrington many 7 0.00700 NS Arrlngton many 14 0.01600 NS Arrlngton many 21 0.01600 NS Arrlngton 

many 28 0.02100 NS Arr1ngton many 35 0.03500 NS Arrlngton many 42 0.04200 NS Arrlngton 

many 49 0.04700 NS Arrlngton many 56 0.04900 NS Arrlngton many 180 0.06200 NS Arrlngton many 270 0.07400 NS Arrlngton many 365 0.07800 NS Arrington many 730 0.08200 NS Arrlngton many 1095 0.08600 NS Arrington 

NS 1 0.00300 NS Harston anNS 21 0.01300 NS Harston an

NS 56 0.04000 1. 22E -005 Harston anNS 183 0.07500 2.50E-005 Harston anNS 365 0.08000 2.50E-005 Harston anNS 639 0.09750 1 .89E -004 Harston anNS 1 0.00400 NS McManus anNS 14 0.00600 NS McManus anNS 21 0.01200 NS McManus anNS 28 0.01900 NS McManus anNS 35 0.02300 NS McManus an
TABLE 3-8 (cont.) 

-' 

I.D I.D 

-' 

l> 

Specles Sex No. of Age We1ght Varlance R

An,mals (days) (kg) 

Mongol1an female NS 49 0.03300 NS McManus aMongol1an female NS 5& 0.04000 NS McManus aMongol1an female NS 70 0.04600 NS McManus aMongol1an female NS 105 0.05500 NS McManus aMongol1an female 8& 1 0.00280 1. &OE -009 Norr1s anMongol1an female 85 10 0.00740 1.21E -008 Norr1s an

Mongol1an female 81 20 0.01210 4.84E-008 Norr1s anMongol1an female 104 30 0.01950 1. 7&E -007 Norr1s anMongol1an female 97 40 0.02430 2.02E-007 Norr1s an

Mongol1an female 30 50 0.031&0 5.33E-007 Norr1s anMongol1an female 58 &0 0.04010 4.10E -007 Norr1s an

Cf Mongol1an female 50 70 0.04300 2. 81E -007 Norr1s an

::::: Mongol1an female 38 80 0.04&&0 3.48E-007 Norr1s an

I.D Mongol1an female 49 90 0.05010 3.03E-007 Norr1s an

Mongol1an female 4& 100 0.05190 2.70E-007 Norr1s anMongol1an female 38 110 0.05180 3. 72E -007 Norr1s an

Mongol1an female 35 120 0.05400 5.33E-007 Norr1s an

Mongol1an female 3& 130 0.05&20 1. 35E -00& Norr1s anMongol1an female 35 140 0.05720 9.03E-007 Norr1s anMongol1an female 12 150 0.05540 2. 53E -00& Norr1s an

Mongol1an male many 1 0.00400 NS Arr1ngton Mongol1an male many 7 0.00700 NS Arr1ngton Mongollan male many 14 0.01000 NS Arr1ngton Mongol1an male many 21 0.01700 NS Arr1ngton 

Mongol1an male many 28 0.02400 NS Arr1ngton 

Mongol,an male many 35 0.03300 NS Arr1ngton Mongol1an male many 42 0.04500 NS Arr1ngton 

0 Mongol1an male many 49 0.05400 NS Arr1ngton 

Mongol1an male many 5& 0.05600 NS Arrlngton 

Mongollan male many 90 0.0&800 NS Arr1ngton 

........ 

CD 

-..J 
lABLE 3-8 (cont.) 

....J 

o.D 

o.D 

....J 

> 

Specles Sex No. of Age We1ght Varlance R

Anlmals (days) (kg) 

Hongollan male many 180 0.08000 NS Arrlngton 

Hongollan male many 270 0.08700 NS Arrington 

Hongollan male many 365 0.09000 NS Arrlngton 

Hongollan male many 469 0.09400 NS Arrlngton Hongollan male many 550 0.09800 NS Arrlngton 

Hongollan male many 730 0.09800 NS Arrlngton Hongollan male many 1095 0.09600 NS Arrlngton 

Hongollan male 11 75 0.07050 1. 56E -006 Laughlln 

Hongollan male 10 63 0.05550 8.1 OE -007 loew, 196Hongollan male 10 98 0.07480 7.56E-006 loew, 196

w Hongollan male 10 140 0.08275 1.83E-005 loew, 196

Hongollan male 10 182 0.09085 3.69E-005 loew, 196Hongollan male 10 224 0.09580 3.03E-005 loew, 196Hongollan male NS 1 0.00300 6.25E-008 Harston aHongollan male NS 21 0.01450 3.06E-006 Harston aHongollan male NS 56 0.04850 3. 91E -005 Harston a

Hongollan male NS 183 0.09000 5.62E-005 Harston aHongollan male NS 365 0.08500 NS Harston a

Hongollan male NS 645 0.11750 7.66E-005 Harston aHongollan male NS 1 0.00400 NS McManus a

Hongollan male NS 14 0.00800 NS McManus a

Hongollan male NS 21 0.01200 NS McManus aHongollan male NS 28 0.02000 NS McManus aHongollan male NS 35 0.02800 NS McManus a

Hongollan male NS 49 0.04000 NS McManus a

Hongollan male NS 56 0.04500 NS McManus a

Hongollan male NS 70 0.05300 NS McManus aHongollan male NS 84 0.05700 NS McManus aHongollan male NS 105 0.06000 NS McManus aHongollan male 80 1 0.00290 1.60E-009 Norrls an

CD 

-.I 
lABLE 3-8 (cont.) 

-' 

'"" '"" -' 

> 

Species Sex No. of Age Weight Variance Re

Animals (days) (kg) 

Mongolian male 76 10 0.00740 1 .69E ·-008 Norris anMongolian male 72 20 0.01190 5.29E-008 Norris anMongolian male 87 30 0.01870 9.00E-008 Norris an

Mongolian male 73 40 0.02610 2.70E-007 Norris anMongolian male 29 50 0.03500 3.48E-007 Norris an

Hongol1an male 41 60 0.04310 5 .l8E -007 Norris anMongolian male 26 70 0.04630 8 .l OE -007 Norris an

Mongolian male 12 80 0.05090 3.28E-006 Norris anMongolian male 25 90 0.05810 8.28E-007 Norris anHongol1an male 25 100 0.05850 l.6lE -006 Norris an

w Mongo llan male 25 110 0.05770 2.79E-006 Norris an

Mongolian male 15 120 0.06200 2.62E-006 Norris an

Mongolian male 12 130 0.06000 3.76E-006 Norris anMongolian male 27 140 0.06470 l.23E -006 Norris anMongolian male 15 150 0.06170 2.37E-006 Norris anMongolian both 20 NS 0.01740 l.OOE -008 ArringtonMongolian both 20 215 0.06125 2 .64E ·-006 Harriman, Mongolian both 18 NS 0.06125 6.60E-005 McManus, 

Mongolian NS NS 1 0.00280 NS McManus, 

Mongolian NS NS 7 0.00570 NS McManus. 

Mongolian NS NS 14 0.00920 NS HcHa nus • 

Mongolian NS NS 21 0.01290 NS McManus, Mongolian NS NS 28 0.01860 NS McManus, Mongolian NS NS 105 0.05880 NS McManus, 

H. eras sus NS NS 1 0.00350 2. 50E -007 lane-Pete

H. crassus NS NS adult 0.10500 5.06E-004 Lane-Pete

0 -

'"" ' NS NS 1 0.00550 5.63E-007 Lane-Pete

11bycus 

' H. 1 ibycus NS NS adult 0.10000 4.00E-004 Lane-Pete

CCI 

-.J 
_. 

I.D I.D 

_, 

> 

Spcc1es 

pcrs icus M. persicus 

M. sacrament\ 

M. tr\stram1 H. tr \ s t r antt 

vtnogradovi 

v\nogradovi 

w 

I 

NS = Not spec\fied N 

0 

I.D 

........ 

0 

N 

........ 

CXI 

-..I 

Sex No. of 

An\ma 1 s 

NS NS NS NS 

NS NS NS NS 

NS NS NS NS NS NS 

TABLE 3-8 (cont.) 

Age Weight Var\ance Re

(days) (kg) 

1 0.00500 NS Lane-Peter 

adult 0.11000 2.25E-004 Lane-Peter adult 0.20000 l.41E -003 Lane-Peter 

1 0.00300 NS Lane-Peter 

adult 0.10500 5.0bE-004 Lane-Peter 

1 0.00300 NS Lane-Peter 

adult 0.15000 b.25E-004 Lane-Peter 
0.12 • 

o.u 

0.1 

• • ; 

I 0.09 

o.oe 

~ 0.07 

i 

n 0.06 

k 0.0~ ' 

0.04 

0.03 

0.02 

0.01 

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 

AGI IH YIARS 

FIGURE 3-40 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Mongol1an Gerb1ls 

1991A 3-123 09/02/87 
0.1 • 

0.09 

; 

0.08 

r 

• 0.07 

H 0.06 T 

l 

n 0.05 

K 

' 0.04 

0.03 

0.02 

0.01 

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 

A'I IH 'l'IARS 

FIGURE 3-41 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Mongol1an Gerb1ls 

1991A 3-124 09/02/87 
by Marston and Chang (1965) are somewhat h1gher than those reported by 

Arr1ngton et al. (1973). Since these records were made at different Urnes 

and probably under different holding condH 1 ons and using different d1 et s. 

all of the reported weights are used in recommending body we1ght values. 

Using the recommended age at wean1ng of 21 days, recommended subchron1c 

body we1ghts for males and females are 0.48 and 0.40 kg, respectively; the 

correspond1ng recommended chronic body we1ghts are 0.843 and 0.728 kg, 

respecUvely. 

Recommended values are not proposed for the strains of gerb1ls for which 

b1rth and mature body we1ghts are reported (Lane-Peter et al., 1967), 

because these strains are not generally used 1n tox1cHy stud1es. Such 

values could be der1ved eas1ly, if needed, us1ng the approach taken for 

hamsters. The data reported by Lane-Peter et al. (1967) suggest that 

d1fferent stra1ns of gerb1ls, 11ke d1fferent stra1ns of many other species, 

can vary markedly in body we1ght, and that the body we1ght values recommended above should be used only for the Mongol1an gerb11. 

3.3. OTHER LABORATORY MAMMALS 

3.3.1. Cats. The U.S. EPA has not recommended a reference body we1ght 

for cats. A recommended body we1ght of 3.3 kg has been given byARS/SpragueDawley (1974). Body we1ght and growth data on cats are summar1zed in Table 

3-9. This table does not 1nclude data by Lat1mer and Ibsen (1932) as cited 

by Altman and DHtmer (1972). The more recent data are s1milar to these 

earlier data and are for greater numbers of an1mals. Although cats are 

w1dely used in experimental research and are among the most common domest1c 

pets, growth data over the 15-year recommended 11fespan of the cat have not 

been documented. Th1s 1s not a serious limitaUon because most toxicHy 

studies on cats are conducted over only a small portion of the lifespan of 

1991A 3-125 09/02/87 
TABLE 3-9 ~ Growth and Body Weight Data on Cats 1.0 

1.0 ~ l> 

Specles Sex No. of Age Welght Varlance Ref

Animals (days) (kg) 

Mlxed male 8 NS 4.10000 l.OOEOOOO laton et al., 

Mlxed male 9 NS 4.10000 1.21EOOOO laton et al.

Mlxed male 6 NS 4.20000 1.44EOOOO laton et al., 

Mlxed male 10 NS 4.20000 8.1 OE -001 laton et al., 

Mlxed male 6 NS 4.30000 1. 21EOOOO laton et al.

Mlxed male 6 NS 4.30000 1.21EOOOO laton et al., 

Mlxed male 12 NS 4.30000 8.10E-001 laton et al.

Mlxed male 12 NS 4.40000 8.10E-001 laton et al .• 

Mixed male 6 NS 4.50000 1.21EOOOO laton et al.

~ Ml xed male 12 NS 4.50000 8 .lOE -001 laton et al.

~ Mixed male 5 NS 4.60000 1.21EOOOO laton et al.

0"1 Mlxed male 5 NS 4.60000 1.44EOOOO laton et al.

Mlxed male 5 NS 4.60000 1.44EOOOO laton et al.

Mlxed both NS 105 1. 20700 NS Waterhouse an

Mlxed both NS 135 1. 57700 NS Waterhouse an

Mlxed both NS 165 1. 71800 NS Waterhouse an

Mlxed both NS 195 1.89300 NS Waterhouse an

Mlxed both NS 225 2.17500 NS Waterhouse an

Mlxed both NS 270 2.22800 NS Waterhouse an

Mlxed both NS 365 2.57400 NS Waterhouse an

Mlxed both NS 395 2.78100 NS Waterhouse an

NS ft~nlcll e many 1 0.12500 NS Olovson, 198

NS female many 70 0.99000 NS Olovson, 198

0 NS female many 140 2.30000 NS Olovson. 198

..o NS 

........ 

female many 210 3.00000 NS Olovson. 198

~ NS female many 280 3.10000 NS Olovson, 198

' OJ NS female many 343 3.10000 NS Olovson, 198

-.I 
TABLE 3-9 (cont.) 

-' 

..0 

..0 

-' 

> 

Spec 1es Sex No. of Age We1ght Variance Ref

An1ma 1 s (days) (kg) 

NS male many 1 0.12500 NS Olovson, 198

NS male many 70 1.12500 NS Olovson. 198

NS male many 140 2.85000 NS Olovson, 198

NS male many 210 3.80000 NS Olovson. 198

NS male many 280 4.20000 NS 01ovson, 198

NS male many 343 4.00000 NS Olovson. 198

NS both 70 1 0.10500 2.64E-004 Lane-Peter e

NS both 70 5 0.16700 1.09E-003 Lane-Peter e

NS both 70 10 0. 21700 1.48E-003 Lane-Peter e

w NS both 70 15 0.26400 1 .60E -003 Lane-Peter e

~ NS both 70 20 0.31000 2.65E-003 Lane-Peter e

"' NS both 70 25 0.35500 3.97E-003 Lane-Peter e

-.1 

NS both 70 30 0.39800 4.13E -003 Lane-Peter e

NS both 70 35 0.44200 6. 81E -003 Lane-Peter e

NS both 70 40 0.49000 8. 24E -003 Lane-Peter e

NS both 70 45 0.54300 9.36E-003 Lane-Peter e

NS both 70 50 0.60400 1.48E-002 Lane-Peter e

NS NS 6 547 3.62000 3.61E-002 Gaut 1er. 198

NS NS 6 4 0.17100 1. 94E -003 Hortola, 198

NS NS 4 2 0.11880 5.04E-005 Hortola, 198

NS NS 6 NS 3.25000 5.06E-002 Siafakas et 

55 NS ~ Not spec1f1ed 

' 0 N 

' a> -.1 
the cat. Thus. as with experimental rodents. subchronic and chronic recommended body weights will be based on 90 and 730 days postweaning. using the 

recommended age at weaning of 49 days. 

Recommended growth data for male and female cats are presented in 

Figures 3-42 and 3-43, respectively. Both curves are based on a combination 

of the early (day 1-50) growth data given by Lane-Peter et al. (1967) for 

both sexes combined and the growth data given by Olovson (1986). Olovson 

(1986) provides detailed growth curves for male and female cats from birth 

to 49 weeks of age. Representative points are included in Figures 3-42 and 

3-43. Female weight begins to plateau by 26 weeks at -3.0 kg and increases 

slowly after this period. Male weight peaks after -40 weeks at 4.2 kg and 

declines to -4.0 kg by 49 weeks. These sex-specific patterns are similar to 

those discussed in Section 3.2. for laboratory rodents. For recommending 

reference values, Figure 3-42 extends the male weight, assuming that the 

weight remains at 4.0 kg, and Figure 3-43 extends the female weight, 

assuming that the weight remains at 3.1 kg. 

Using the growth curves from these figures, recommended subchronic body 

weights for males and females are 1.72 and 1.49 kg, respectively, and corresponding chronic body weights are 3.66 and 2.96 kg. The chronic weights 

bracket the recommended value of 3.3 kg from ARS/Sprague-Dawley (1974). 

Mature body weights of 4.0 and 3.1 kg are recommended for males and females, 

respectively. 

The body weights reported by Taton et al. (1984). which are for mature 

male cats, are all higher (by 2.5-15%) than the recommended adult male 

weight used above. As with other species. substantial variations among 

populations of animals may be expected. 

l991A 3-128 09/02/87 
0.5 1.0 1. 5 2.0 2.5 

"'I I t4 'tEARS 

FIGURE 3-42 

Recommended Growth Curve for Hale Cats 

1991A 3-129 09/02167 
3.5 

3 •• • • • • • • 

r 

2.5 

H 

T 2 

i 

n 

l 1.5 ' 

t 

0.5 

0.5 t.O 1.5 2.0 2.5 

~~ IH YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-43 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Cats 

1991A 3-130 09/02/87 
3.3.2. Dogs. The U.S. EPA has not recommended a reference body weight 

for dogs. Values reported in the literature are 10.0 kg (Lehman, 1959), 

12.7 kg (Hertzberg and Dourson, 1983), 14.0 kg (ARS/Sprague-Dawley, 1974) 

and 14.2 kg (Boxenbaum, 1983). 

Body weight and growth data on dogs are summarized in Table 3-10 and 

plotted in Figure 3-44. To provide better scaling of the graph, Figure 3-44 

does not include the 58 kg male mongrel dog reported by Amoroso et al. 

(1964). The only clear outliers, as illustrated in Figure 3-44, are German 

Shepards, which are much larger and grow more rapidly than other strains of 

dogs on which data are available. With this exception, other strains of 

dogs for which growth data have been reported grow at similar rates and are 

about the same size as beagles. Since the beagle is by far the most 

commonly used strain of dog in toxicity studies, this is the only strain for 

which body weight values will be recommended. Other strain-specific body 

weights could be derived, based on the data summarized in Table 3-10. 

All available growth data on beagle dogs are plotted in Figure 3-45. 

Much of the apparent scatter, while not atypical for growth data, is eliminated by excluding data where sex is not specified or where data on both 

sexes are combined. With these exclusions, the only outlying data are that 

reported by Mauderly (1974), which give lower weights for male and female 

beagles than would be expected, based on the data given in other reports. 

Thus, the data reported by Mauderly (1974) are not used in recommending 

values for risk assessment. 

Recommended growth curves for male and female beagle dogs are presented 

in Figures 3-46 and 3-47, respectively. Both of these curves are based on a 

combination of the data reported by Altman and Dittmer (1974), NAS (1971) 

and Worden et al. (1975). Although the first two of these publications are 

l991A 3-131 09/02/87 
TABLE 3-10 

Growth and Body We\ght Data on Dogs 

_, 

!,A) 

!,A) 

_, 

> Spedes Sex No. of Age We\ght Var1ance 

An1mals (days) (kg) 

A1rdale both 4 NS 2.&0000 4.00E-002 Arno

Alrdale both 4 NS 6.00000 5.&3E-001 Arno

A1rdale both 4 NS 10.50000 5. &3E -001 Arno

Alrda1e both 4 NS 13.70000 1.82(0000 Arno

Alrdale both 4 NS H.65000 2 .81(0000 Arno

BasenJ1 male 23 1 0.29000 NR Altm

Basenji male 23 7 0.49000 NR Altm

Basenji male 23 14 0.13000 NR Altm

Basenj 1 male 23 21 0.93000 NR Altm

BasenJ 1 male 23 28 1.12000 NR Altm

Basenjt male 23 35 1.29000 NR Altm

BasenJt male 23 42 1.51000 NR Altm

BasenJt male 23 49 1.83000 NR Altm

BasenJt male 23 56 2.30000 NR Altm

BasenJt male 23 &3 2.79000 NR Altm

(...,) BasenJ1 male 23 70 3.29000 NR Altm

I BasenJ 1 male 23 84 4.49000 NR Altm

_, BasenJ t male 23 98 5.&&000 NR Altm

(...,) 

1'\.) BasenJ1 male 23 112 6.57000 NR Altm

BasenJ t female 27 1 0.27000 NR Altm

Basenj1 female 27 7 0.43000 NR ~ltm

BasenJt female 27 14 0.&5000 NR Altm

BasenJt female 27 21 0.82000 NR Altm

Basenjt female 27 28 0.9&000 NR Altm

Basenjt female 27 35 1.14000 NR Altm

BasenJ t female 27 42 1.37000 NR Altm

Basenjt female 27 49 1. 72000 NR Altm

BasenJ 1 female 27 56 2.13000 NR Altm

BasenJ t female 27 &3 2.51000 NR Altm

Basenj1 female 27 70 2.9&000 NR Altm

BasenJ 1 female 27 84 3.97000 NR Altm

BasenJ1 female 27 98 4.97000 NR Altm

BasenJ1 female 27 112 5.51000 NR Altm

Beagle female 50 39& 8.40000 1.21EOOOO ltlud

Beagle female 10 1278 10.00000 1.9&[0000 "aud

Beagle female 35 3375 10.90000 &.25EOOOO "aud

0 

!,A) Beagle female NS 30 1.00000 NS NAS, 

...... 

0 Beagle female NS &0 2.70000 NS NAS, 

1'\.) 

...... Beagle female NS 90 4.00000 NS NAS, 

(X) Beagle female NS 120 5.50000 NS NAS, 

...,J 
TABLE 3-10 (cont.) 

..... 

..0 Spedes Sex No. of Age We,ght Yar,ance ..0 An,mals (days) . (kg) ..... 

> 

Beagle female NS 180 9.50000 NS NAS, Beagle female NS 210 9.80000 NS NAS, 

Beagle female NS 240 10.00000 NS NAS, Beagle female 7 NS 10.60000 2 .03E -001 RomBeagle female 7 NS 10.85000 7.56(-002 RomoBeagle female 7 NS 10.90000 l.&OE-001 RomoBeagle female 7 NS 11.00000 1.22E -001 Romo

Beagle female 3 NS 11.05000 5.06(-002 RomoBeagle female 7 NS 11.40000 9.00E-002 RomoBeagle female 7 NS 11.70000 6. 25E -002 Romo

Beagle female 11 NS 11.85000 1. 06E -001 RomoBeagle female 11 NS 12.00000 1. flOE -001 RomoBeagle female 7 NS 12.55000 7.56(-002 RomoBeagle female 11 NS 12.80000 2.50(-001 RomoBeagle female 7 NS 13.45000 1 .06E -001 RomoBeagle female 7 NS 14.10000 9.00(-002 RomoBeagle female 4 120 7.10000 NS Word

(..) Beagle female 4 176 9.20000 NS Word

I 

..... Beagle female 4 232 10.10000 NS Word

(..) Beagle female 4 288 10.20000 NS Word

(..) Beagle female 4 344 10.50000 NS Word

Beagle female 4 400 10.80000 NS Word

Beagle female 4 456 10.90000 NS WordBeagle female 4 568 11.80000 NS WordBeagle female 4 680 11.80000 NS WordBeagle female 4 792 13.00000 NS WordBeagle male 50 396 10.00000 NS "aud

Beagle male 10 1278 12.00000 1.44EOOOO "aud

Beagle male NS 30 1.50000 NS NASBeagle male NS 60 3.50000 NS NAS, Beagle male NS 90 6.00000 NS NASBeagle male NS 120 7.80000 NS NAS, Beagle male NS 150 9.80000 NS NAS, 

Beagle male NS 180 11.00000 NS NAS, 

Beagle male NS 210 11.80000 NS NAS

Beagle male NS 240 12.50000 NS NAS, 

0 

Beagle male 4 120 7.80000 NS Word

...... 

0 Beagle male 4 176 10.50000 NS Word

Beagle male 4 232 12.20000 NS Word

...... Beagle male 4 288 12.30000 NS Word

Q:) 

-..J 
TABLE 3-10 (cont.) 

..... 

1.0 Spec1es Sex No. of Age We\ght Var1ance 1.0 

..... Anfmals (days) (kg) > 

Deagle male 4 344 12.40000 NS WordBeagle male 4 400 12.40000 NS Word

Deagle male 4 5&8 12.90000 NS WordDeagle male 4 12& 12.50000 NS WordDeagle male 4 792 12.70000 NS WordDeagle both 4 180 &.40000 liS Dorz

Deagle both 4 211 9.&0000 liS BorzDeagle both 4 3&2 9.90000 NS Dorz

Beagle both 4 453 10.40000 NS DorzDeagle both 4 545 9.90000 NS Dorz

Beagle both 4 &35 9.60000 NS Dorz

Deagle both 4 12& 10.00000 NS BorzBeagle both 4 811 10.70000 NS BorzDeagle both 4 908 11.30000 NS Borz

Beagle both 100 39& 9.10000 1.96EOOOO ltludBeagle both 20 127B 11.10000 2.25EOOOO Mau

(..) Beagle both 12 3&4 9.00000 2.B9EOOOO ltlud

I 

..... 

(..) Beagle NS NS 1 NAS, 

.jilo 0.30000 NS 

Beagle NS NS &1 2.80000 NS NAS, Beagle NS NS 122 5.30000 &.25E-002 NAS, Beagle NS liS 183 7.15000 3.06E-002 MAS, Beagle NS NS 243 8.25000 5.06E-002 NAS, Beagle NS NS 304 9.30000 l.OOE-002 NAS, 

Beagle NS NS 365 9.80000 I 2 .25E -002 NAS, 

Beagle NS 39 210 9.10000 1.69EOOOO P1ck

Deagle male 39 1 0.31000 NR AltmBeagle male 39 1 0.55000 NR Altm

Beagle male 39 14 0.80000 NR AltmBeagle male 39 21 1.08000 NR Altm

Beagle male 39 28 1.30000 NR AltmBeagle male 39 35 1.67000 NR AltmBeagle male 39 42 2.05000 NR AltmBeagle male 39 49 2.51000 NR AltmBeagle male 39 56 2. 95000 NR Altm

0 Beagle male 39 &3 3.31000 NR Altm

1.0 ' Beagle male 39 70 3.81000 NR Altm

0 Beagle male 39 84 4.80000 NR Altm

I'\) 

' Beagle male 39 98 5.71000 NR Altm

c:o Beagle male 39 112 &.52000 NR Altm

...., 
TABLE 3-10 (cont.) 

-' 

I.D Species Sex No. of Age Weight Variance I.D 

-' Animals (days) (kg) > 

Beagle female 31 1 0.30000 NR AltmBeagle female 31 7 0.52000 NR AltmBeagle female 31 14 0. 77000 NR Altm

Beagle female 31 21 1. 02000 NR AltmBeagle female 31 28 1.26000 NR Altm

Beagle female 31 35 1.50000 NR Altm

Beagle female 31 42 1.82000 NR Altm

Beagle female 31 49 2.240DO NR Altm

Beagle female 31 56 2.63000 NR AltmBeagle female 31 63 2.98000 NR AltmBeagle female 31 70 3.36000 NR Altm

Beagle female 31 84 4.34000 NR Altm

Beagle female 31 98 5.10000 NR Altm

Beagle female 31 112 5.75000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel male 31 1 0.24000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel male 31 7 0.41000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel male 31 14 0.62000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel male 31 21 0.80000 NR Altm

(..) Cocker Spaniel male 31 28 1.04000 NR Altm

I 

-' Cocker Spaniel male 31 35 1.35000 NR Altm

(..) 

U'l Cocker Spaniel male 31 42 1.82000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel male 31 49 2.28000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel male 31 56 2.83000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel male 31 63 3.27000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel male 31 70 3.78000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel male 31 84 4.88000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel male 31 98 5.93000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel male 31 112 6.82000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel female 37 1 0.24000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel female 37 7 0.41000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel female 37 14 0.62000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel female 37 21 0.80000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel female 37 28 1.04000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel female 37 35 1.35000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel female 37 42 1. 74000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel female 37 49 2.14000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel female 37 56 2.56000 NR Altm

Cocker Spaniel female 37 63 2.95000 NR AltmCocker Spaniel female 37 70 3.39000 NR Altm

0 Cocker Span1e 1 female 37 84 4.27000 NR Altm

1.0 Cocker Spaniel female 37 98 5.08000 NR Altm

' 0 Cocker Spaniel female 37 112 5. 77000 NR Altm

"-> 

' CD ....J 
TABLE 3-10 (cont.) 

_. 

o.O Specles Sex No. of Age Welght Yar lance o.O 

_. Anlmals (days) (kg) > 

German Shepherd male 22 1 0.(9000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd male 22 1 O.B7000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd male 22 1( 1.(3000 NR Altm

German Shepherd male 22 21 2.0&000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd male 22 28 2.95000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd male 22 35 3.88000 NR Altm

German Shepherd male 22 (2 5.00000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd male 22 (9 NS NR Altm

German Shepherd male 22 5& 11.50000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd male 22 &3 NS NR Altm

German Shepherd male 22 70 16.00000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd male 22 8( 20.00000 NR Altm

German Shepherd male 22 98 2(.50000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd male 22 112 28.25000 NR Altm

German Shepherd female H 1 NS NR AltmGerman Shepherd female H 1 0.50000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd female H 1( 0.89000 NR Altm

German Shepherd female H 21 1.(&000 NR Altm

(..) German Shepherd female H 28 2.0?000 NR Altm

I German Shepherd female 1( 35 2.8(000 NR Altm

_. German Shepherd female H (2 3. 77000 NR Altm

(..) 

C1' German Shepherd female H (9 (.52000 NR Altm

German Shepherd female H 5& 13.00000 NR Altm

German Shepherd female 1( &3 NS NR AltmGerman Shepherd female H 70 17.00000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd female H 8( 20.75000 NR Altm

German Shepherd female H 98 2(.00000 NR AltmGerman Shepherd female H 11( 27.25000 NR Altm

Great Dane both 2 NS 5.78000 NS Arn

Great Dane both 2 NS 11.50000 NS Arn

Great Dane both 2 NS 18.(0000 NS Arn

Great Dane both 2 NS 2(.00000 NS ArnGreat Dane both 2 NS 30.20000 NS ArnGreat Dane both 2 NS 3(.?0000 NS Arn

Great Dane both 2 NS 39.00000 NS Arn

"ongrel female 1 3&50 13.50000 NS Ano"ongrel male 1 H&O 59.00000 NS Am

0 "ongrel female 1 NS 15.90000 NS Gol

\0 "ongrel female 1 NS 15.90000 NS Gol

........ 0 

1'\.) NS both 8 NS 2(.00000 fi.(OEOOOl Bro

........ 

Ctl 

....,J 
TABlE 3-10 (cont.) 

..... 

<D Spec les Sex No. of Age Weight Variance 

<D 

..... Animals (days) (kg) 

> 

NS NS I) 4 0.49800 1.19E -002 MoNS NS 3 1 0. 29120 4.b2E-004 "or

Shetland Sheepdog male lS 1 0.21000 NR Alt11Shetland Sheepdog male lS 1 0.39000 NR Altm

Shetland Sheepdog male lS 14 0.58000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 21 0.76000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 28 1.04000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 35 1.47000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 42 1.92000 NR Altm

Shetland Sheepdog male lS 49 2.42000 NR Altm

Shetland Sheepdog male 15 56 2.92000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 63 3.44000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 70 3.92000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 84 4.96000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 96 5.93000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog male 15 112 6.96000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog 14 1 o.:wooo NR Altm

<..:> Shetland Sheepdog female 14 7 0. 36000 NR Altm

I Shetland Sheepdog female 14 14 0.55000 NR Altm

..... Shetland Sheepdog female 14 21 0.13000 NR Altm

<..:> 

..... Shetland Sheepdog female 14 28 0.97000 NR Altm

Shetland Sheepdog female 14 35 1.27000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog female 14 42 1.67000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog female 14 49 2.06000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog female 14 56 2.44000 NR Altm

Shetland Sheepdog female 14 63 2.83000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog female 14 70 3.23000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog female 14 84 4.04000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog female 14 98 4.86000 NR AltmShetland Sheepdog female 14 112 5.67000 NR Altm

Wire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 1 0.19000 NR AltmWire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 1 o. 37000 NR AltmWire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 14 0.57000 NR AltmWire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 21 0.17000 NR AllmWire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 28 1 .01000 NR AltmWire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 35 1.26000 NR AltmWire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 42 1.59000 NR AltmWire Hatred Fox Terrier male 21 49 1.94000 NR Altm

0 Wire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 5& 2.25000 NR Altm

<D 

' Wire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 63 2.55000 NR Altm

0 Wire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 70 2.94000 NR Altm

1'\) 

' Wire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 84 3.73000 NR Altm

cc Wire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 98 4.45000 NR Altm

..... Wire Haired Fox Terrier male 21 112 5.14000 NR Altm
..... 

\D \D 

..... 

> 

(.,') 

I 

..... 

(.,') 

00 

c 

\D 

' c 1'\,) ' 00 -J 

Spec1es Sex No. of An1mah 

W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 

Short Ha1red Fox Terrler female 23 

W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 

W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 

W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 W1re Ha1red Fox Terr1er female 23 

NS • Not spec1f1ed; NR = not reported 

TABlE 3-10 (cont.) 

Age We1ght Yar1ance 

(days) (kg) 

1 0.19000 NR Altm

1 0.36000 NR Altm

14 0.56000 NR Altm

21 0.74000 NR Altm28 0.96000 NR Altm

35 1.20000 NR Altm

42 1.46000 NR Altm

49 1. 79000 NR Altm

56 2.10000 NR Altm

63 2.37000 NR Altm

70 2.71000 NR Altm

84 3.42000 NR Altm

98 4.02000 NR Altm

112 4.59000 NR Altm
~ 

r 20 

H 

T 

i 

n 15 

l 

c; 

10 

5 

1991A 

• • 

• • 

• 

• 

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 

~~ IH YEARS 

FIGURE 3-44 

Growth Data on Dogs 

(See Table 3-10 for data po1nts and references) 

3-139 09/02/87 
15 

1. 

13 

12 

f 11 • i• 

10 

H 9 T 

i e 

n 

l 7 

c 6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

1 

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 

~~ JH YIARS 

FIGURE 3-45 

Growth Data on Beagle Dogs 

(All data reported 1n Table 3-10) 

1991A 3-140 09/02/87 
13 • I • 

12 • • • 

11 

10 

I 9 

~ 8 

i 7 

" l ' ' :5 

4 

3 

2 

1 

0.:5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

~I" YIA!S 

FIGURE 3-46 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male Beagle Dogs 

1991A 3-141 09/02/87 
13 

12 

u 

10 

I 9 

¥ 8 

i 7 

n 

X 6 

' 5 

4 

3 

2 

1 

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

AtDI I H YEARS 

FIGURE 3-47 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female Beagle Dogs 

1991A 3-142 09/02/87 
secondary sources, they appear to be based on different sets of data that 

are nonetheless remarkably consistent. As with cats and rodents, sexspecific differences \n growth patterns are evident. Male beagles grow more 

rapidly than females, and the growth of males shows a definite plateau after 

-7 months, while the growth rate of females slows, but does not plateau, at 

about the same t\me. 

Growth data are not available over the 15-year recommended lifespan of 

the beagle. Because toxicity studies on beagles seldom encompass the lifespan, recommended subchronic and chronic body weights will be based on 90 

and 730 days postweaning, as was done with cats and experimental rodents. 

using the recommended age for beagles at weaning of 42 days. 

Using the growth curves for Figures 3-46 and 3-47. recommended subchronic body weights for male and female beagles are 2.4 and 1.97 kg, respectively, and the corresponding chronic body weights are 10.8 and 10.1 kg. 

For deriving recommended body weights over a greater portion of the lifespan, mature body weights of 14 kg for both male and female beagles are 

proposed. 

3.3.3. Rabbits. The U.S. EPA has not recommended a reference body weight 

for rabbits. Growth and body weight data on rabbits are summarized in Table 

3-11 and plotted in Figure 3-48. Other body weights reported in the literature include 3.7 kg (ARS/Sprague-Dawley, 1974), 2.0 kg (Lehman, 1959) and 

2.55 kg (Boxenbaum, 1983). 

Body weights for rabbits (Sanford, 1979) are somewhat lower than most 

other we\ghts for rabbits of comparable ages. The weights for the 46- and 

82-day-old Dutch rabbits (Arrington et al .• 1974) are consistent with the 

growth data given by Sanford ( 1979). and the weights of Dutch rabbits (age 

not specified) (Cizek, 1961) are all well below the mature weights reported 

1991A 3-143 09/02/87 
lABLE 3-11 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Rabbits 

_, 

"" "" _, > Strain Sex No. of Age Weight Variance 

Animals (days} (kg} 

Alblno•CB NS 11 NS 2.80000 NS Bruce, 19

California both 20 1 0.05000 NS Gaman et California both 20 1 0.14000 NS Gaman et California both 20 14 0.22500 NS Gaman et California both 20 21 0.30000 NS Gaman et 

California both 20 28 0.50000 NS Gaman et California both 20 35 0.77000 NS Gaman et 

California both 20 42 0.97500 NS Gaman et CaHfornla both 9 42 1.10000 NS Gaman et California both 9 56 1.45000 NS Gaman et California both 18 56 1.45000 NS Gaman et 

California both 18 63 1.52500 NS Gaman et California both 18 10 1.77500 NS Gaman et California both 9 70 1.95000 NS Gaman et Cal !Forni a both 18 11 2.00000 NS Gaman et 

(..) California both 9 84 2.20000 NS Gaman et 

_, 

I 

Dutch female 6 NS 1.79000 NS Cizek, 19

..JIIo ..JIIo Dutch female 6 NS 1.89000 NS Chek, 19

Dutch female 6 NS 1.91i000 NS Cizek, 19

Dutch female 6 NS 2.07000 NS Chek, 19Dutch female 6 NS 2.13000 NS Cizek, 19Dutch female 12 NS 2.16500 2.83E-001 Cizek, 19Dutch female 6 NS 2.19000 NS Chek, 19Dutch female 6 NS 2.18000 NS Cizek, 19Dutch female 6 NS 2.19000 NS Chek, 19Dutch female 6 NS 2.30000 NS Cizek, 19

Outch female 6 NS 2.32000 NS ChP.k, 19

Dutch female 12 NS 2.57100 2.41E-001 Cizek, 19Dutch male 12 NS 1.79900 7.39( -002 Chek, 19Dutch male 6 NS 1.91000 NS Chek, 19Dutch male 6 NS 1.95000 NS Cizek, 19Dutch mall!' 12 NS 2.00200 1.73( -001 Cizek, 19Dutch male 6 NS 1.09000 NS Cizek, 19

Dutch male 6 NS 2.16000 NS Cizek, 19

Dutch male 6 NS 2.19000 NS Cizek, 19

0 Dutch male 6 NS 2.20000 NS Cizek, 19

"" Dutch male 6 NS 2.21.'000 NS C lzek, 19

...... 0 Dutch male 6 NS 2.23000 NS Cizek, 19

I\.) Dutch male 6 NS 2.23000 NS Cizek, 19

...... 

(X) Dutch male 6 NS 2.27000 NS Cizek, 19

......, 
TABLE 3-11 (cont.) 

_. 

1.0 1.0 Strain Sex No. of Age Weight Variance 

_. 

> Animals (days) (kg) 

Dutch both 24 46 0.8B100 NS ArringtoDutch both 24 B2 1.40000 NS ArringtoDutch NS n NS 2.10000 NS Bruce, 1

Himalayan NS 16 NS 1.90000 NS Bruce, 1

lop Eared NS 10 NS 3.50000 NS Bruce, 1

New Zealand White female 10 NS 2.40000 4.00E-002 Barbee eNew Zealand White female 10 NS 2.BOOOO 4.00E-002 Barbee eNew Zealand White female 10 NS 3.30000 4.00E-002 Barbee eNew Zealand White female 10 NS 3.40000 9.00E-002 Barbee eNew Zealand White female 10 NS 3.BOOOO 9.00E-002 Barbee eNew Zealand White male 10 NS 3.20000 4.00E-002 Barbee e

New Zealand White male 10 NS 3.50000 4.00E-002 Barbee eNew Zealand White male 10 NS 3.60000 4.00E-002 Barbee e

(,.) New Zealand White male 10 NS 3.90000 9.00E-002 Barbee e

I New Zealand White male 10 NS 2.90000 l.OOE-002 Barbee e

_. 

.,. 

c.n New Zealand White both many 1 0.06500 NR Altman a

New Zealand White both many 1 0.14600 NR Altman aNew Zealand White both many 14 0.26000 NR Altman aNew Zealand White both many 21 0.35700 NR Altman aNew Zealand White both many 2B 0.5BJOO NR Altman a

New Zealand White both many 35 0.91600 NR Altman aNew Zealand White both many 42 1.25000 NR Altman a

New Zealand White both many 49 1.56000 NR Altman a

New Zealand White both many 56 1.15000 NR Altman a

New Zealand White both 9 9B 3.00000 4.00E-002 Mauderly New Zealand White both 13 1 0.10200 2. 56E -006 Spencer New Zealand White both 12 14 0.11BOO 9.00E-006 Spencer New Zealand White both 21 21 0.29900 2.60E-005 Spencer 

New Zealand White male NS 56 1.95000 NR Altman aNew Zealand White male NS 70 2.32000 NR Altman a

c 

New Zealand White male NS B4 2.67000 NR Altman a

1.0 New Zealand White male NS 98 2.9BOOO NR Altman a

..... 

c New Zealand White male NS 112 3.13000 NR Altman a

1'\.) 

..... New Zealand White male NS 136 3.30000 NR Altman a

CD 

...., New Zealand White male NS 150 3.45000 NR Altman a
TABLE 3-11 (cont.) 

-I 

\,£) 

\,£) Stra\n Sex No. of Age We\ght Var\ance 

..... 

> An\mals (days) (kg) 

New Zealand White male NS 164 3.53000 NR Altman anNew Zealand Wh\te male NS 178 3.61000 NR Altman anNew Zealand Wh\te male NS 192 3. 73000 NR Altman an

New Zealand Wh\te female NS 51'> 2.04000 NR Altman anNew Zealand Wh\te female NS 70 2.37000 NR Altman anNew Zealand White female NS 84 2.72000 NR Altman an

New Zealand White female NS 96 3.05000 NR Altman an

New Zealand Wh\te female NS 112 3.26000 NR Altman anNew Zealand Wh1te female NS 136 3.49000 NR Altman an

New Zealand Wh\te female NS 150 3. 70000 NR Altman an

New Zealand Wh\te female NS 164 3.85000 NR Altman anNew Zealand White female NS 118 4.00000 NR Altman anNew Zealand Wh\te female NS 192 4.08000 NR Altman an

New Zealand male 25 52 1.95000 NS TempletonNew Zealand male 25 59 2.00000 NS TempletonNew Zealand male 25 73 2.36000 NS Templeton

(.,.) New Zealand male 25 87 2.17000 NS Templeton

.I New Zealand male 25 101 3.09000 NS Templeton

......, 

.. New Zealand male 25 115 3.18000 NS Templeton

"" New Zealand male 25 129 3.32000 NS Templeton

New Zealand male 25 143 3.41000 NS Templeton

New Zealand male 25 157 3.52000 NS Templeton

New Zealand male 25 111 3.59000 NS Templeton

New Zealand female 13 52 2.04000 NS Templeton

New Zealand female 13 59 2.23000 NS TempletonNew Zealand female 13 73 2.41000 NS TempletonNew Zealand female 13 87 2.86000 NS Templeton

New Zealand female 13 101 3.18000 NS Templeton

New Zealand female 13 115 3.27000 NS Templeton

New Zealand female 13 129 3.59000 NS TempletonNew Zealand female 13 143 3.73000 NS Templeton

New Zealand female 13 157 3.91000 NS TempletonNew Zealand female 13 171 4.05000 NS TempletonNew Zealand female 13 186 4.08000 NS Templeton

NS both NS 56 0.96500 NS Sanford, 

c NS both NS 70 1.28000 NS Sanford, 

1.0 NS both NS 84 1.62000 NS Sanford, 

' NS both NS 112 2.10000 NS Sanford, 

c 

"' NS both NS 126 2.27000 NS Sanford, 

' NS both NS 140 2.41000 NS Sanford, 

= ....., NS both NS 154 2.67000 NS Sanford, 
"""" '1.0 

'1.0 

..... 

> 

(,) 

I 

..... 

.,.. 

......, 

0 

'1.0 

' 0 

' Cl:l ......, 

Strain Sex 

NS NS NS NS 

NS NS NS NS 

NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS 

NS NS 

Several NS 

WIld female 

Wild female Wild female 

W11d male 

Wild male Wild male 

NS = Not specified; NR = not reported 

No. of 

Anllllills 

NS NS NS 

7 

NS NS NS NS 

9 

4 

59 

3 

3 

40 

2 2 

55 

TABLE 3-11 (cont.) 

Age Weight Variance 

(days) (kg) 

42 1.00000 NS Davidson 

53 1.50000 NS Davidson 

63 2.00000 NS Davidson 

11 0.18300 1.71>E-003 Fisher an

NS 2.50000 NS KennawayNS 2.50000 NS KennawayNS 2.50000 NS Kennaway

NS 2.40000 NS lane-Pet

4 0.10200 1.37E-OOO Morto1a, 

2 0.07930 3.20E-004 Mortola, 

NS 2.40000 NS Bruce, 1

NS l. 30000 2.50E-003 Boyd, 19NS 1.60000 2.50E-003 Boyd, 19

l 0.03500 l.21E-00f) Boyd, 19

NS 1. 55000 1>.25E-004 Boyd, 19NS 1.70000 2. 50E-003 Boyd, 19

1 0.03700 6.40E-007 Boyd, 19
4.5 

4 

3.5 

Ill 

I 

I 3 ' 

~ 

i 2.:5 

n 

X 2 

' 

1.5 

1 

0.5 

1991A 

. . ':,·.~ ~ . ~· • ' ...... !• 

~"" . : 

! • • ~ 

... ... ! 

~-- . . ;':.; : i 

. -.: .. . • i ~. j 

I I l 

25.0 50.0 ~.0 

• 

• • 

• ~ 

1 I 

100.0 125.0 

AGE IH PAYS 

FIGURE 3-48 

Growth Data on Rabb1ts 

• 

I 

150.0 

(See Table 3-11 for po1nts and references) 

3-148 

I 

175.0 

•• 

• 

I 

2J:l0.0 

09/02/87 
for New Zealand White rabbits. Th1s suggests that the growth data on New 

Zealand White rabbits may not be appropr1ate for est1mating the growth of 

Dutch rabbits. Based on the report by Gaman et al. (1970), Cal1forn1a 

rabb1ts appear to be somewhat l1ghter than New Zealand Wh1te rabb1ts. S1nce 

the New Zealand White rabbit 1s by far the most commonly used strain of 

rabbit 1n tox1city stud1es, recommended body we1ghts w1ll be proposed only 

for th1s stra1n. 

Recommended growth curves for male and female New Zealand White rabbits 

are g1ven 1n F1gures 3-49 and 3-50, respect1vely. These f1gures both use 

the early growth data reported by Altman and Dittmer ( 1974) and Spencer et 

al. (1985) for males and females comb1ned, as well as the sex-specH1c 

growth data reported by Altman and Dittmer (1974) and Templeton (1968) for 

older an1mals. The sex-spec1f1c growth data reported by Altman and D1ttmer 

(1974) are attr1buted to unpubl1shed data from Templeton (1968), are s1m1lar 

to the data reported directly by Templeton (1968), and may be for the same 

group of animals. 

As w1th cats and dogs, growth data are not ava1lable over the reference 

lHespan of 6 years for rabbits. Since tox1city stud1es are rarely conducted over the lHespan of rabbits, subchron1c and chron1c body weights 

w1ll be recommended for periods of 90 days and 730 days postweaning, respectively, us1ng a recommended age at weaning of 56 days. The growth curves 

are extended by assum1ng mature adult we1ghts of 4.0 and 4.2 kg for males 

and females, respect1vely. Using these assumpt1ons and the growth curve 

g1ven 1n Figure 3-49, the recommended chron1c and subchron1c body we1ghts 

for the male New Zealand rabbit are 2.86 and 3. 76 kg, respect1vely. The 

correspond1ng values for female New Zealand White rabbits are 3.1 and 3.93 

kg, based on the same assumpt1ons and the growth curve g1ven in F1gure 3-50. 

1991A 3-149 09/02/87 
4 

1 

• 

3.5 

Gli 

3 .. 

r ' H 2.5 

T 

i • 

n 2 

K 

' 1.5 

1 

0.5 

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

~I I H 'tiAJ.S 

FIGURE 3-49 

Recommended Growth Curve for Male New Zealand Wh1te Rabb1ts 

1991A 3-150 09/02/87 
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.S 

AG! I H YEAF.S 

FIGURE 3-50 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female New Zealand Wh1te Rabb1ts 

1991A 3-151 09/02187 
3.4. LIVESTOCK 

Body and growth data on 11vestock are summarlzed in Table 3-12. Body 

weight data on most stralns of livestock are provlded primarny to fadl1-

tate the demonstraUon of allometrlc relaUonshlps dlscussed 1n subsequent 

sections of thls report. Nonetheless, 1nformat1on on the body welghts and 

consumption patterns of 11vestock may be useful in rlsk assessments when an 

attempt is made to estimate doses ln cases of accldental exposure of 

llvestock to toxicants. 

3.4.1. Cattle. Growth data on all stralns of cattle presented in Table 

3-12 are plotted ln Figure 3-51. Hereford cattle are clear outners that 

reach a mature body weight of -1200 kg, and the data on this breed are 

presented separately in Figure 3-52. Other breeds of cattle on which data 

are avallable reach mature body weights of -400-550 kg. Data on these 

strains are summarlzed 1n Flgure 3-53. Because cattle are not used in 

toxlcHy studies, recommended body weights other than mature body weights 

are not der1ved. 

3.4.2. Chickens. Growth data on all strains of chlckens summarhed in 

Table 3-12 are plotted in Figure 3-54. The varlability in the body weights 

and growth rates of chickens appears to be greater than in most other 

species of animals included in this report. The smallest stralns are 

crosses of "desi" and Whlte Leghorn strains reported in the Indlan literature (Sah et al .• 1984) and an unspecified strain of broiler chlcken 

reported in the Eastern European lHerature (Knizetove et al., 1985). The 

largest and fastest growing staln on whlch data are avallable is the Ross 

broller (Prescott et al., 1985). 

1991A 3-152 09/02/87 
TABLE 3-12 

Growth and Body Weight Data on Livestock 

..... 

\D \D 

..... 

> Species Strain Sex No. of Age Weight Yar lance 

Animals (days) (kg) 

Cattle Guernsey, fg female 1 1460 460.00000 NS AmCattle Guernsey, fg female 1 2920 410.00000 NS AmCattle Jersey female 1 730 340.00000 NS AmCattle Several 111c1le many 112 94.00000 NS TayCattle Several male many 140 111.00000 NS TayCattle Several male many 158 133.00000 NS TayCattle Several male many 186 159.00000 NS TayCattle Several male many 224 184.00000 NS TayCattle Several male many 252 210.00000 NS Tay

Cattle Several male many 276 256.00000 NS Tay

Cattle Several male many 280 233.00000 NS TayCattle Several male many 336 278.00000 NS Tay

Cattle Several male many 364 299.00000 NS TayCattle Several male many 392 319.00000 NS TayCattle Several male many 420 338.00000 NS Tay

(..) Cattle Several male many 448 358.00000 NS Tay

I 

..... Cattle Several male many 476 376.00000 NS Tay

U"' 

(..) 

Cattle Ayrshire female NS 300 200.00000 NS Cam

Cattle Ayrshire female NS 600 300.00000 NS CamCattle Ayrshire female NS 900 360.00000 NS CamCattle Ayrshire female NS 1200 400.00000 NS CamCattle Ayrshire female NS 1500 425.00000 NS CamCattle Ayrshire female NS 1800 440.00000 NS CamCattle Ayrshire female NS 2100 450.00000 NS CamCattle Ayrshire female NS 3600 455.00000 NS Cam

Cattle Hereford female NS 360 780.00000 NS CamCattle Hereford female NS 720 860.00000 NS CamCattle Hereford female NS lOBO 960.00000 NS CamCattle Hereford female NS 1440 1030.00000 NS CamCattle Hereford female NS 1800 1100.00000 NS Cam

Cattle Hereford female NS 2160 1140.00000 NS CamCattle Hereford female NS 2520 1150.00000 NS CamCattle Hereford female NS 2BBO 1160.00000 NS CamCattle Hereford female NS 3240 1155.00000 NS Cam

0 Cattle Hereford female NS 3600 1140.00000 NS Cam

\D Cattle Hereford female NS 3960 1095.00000 NS Cam

...... 

0 

1'\,) 

...... 

CD 

..,J 
TABLE 3-12 (cont.) 

....J 

\.0 Species Strain Sex No. of Age Weight Variance \.0 

....J Animals (days) (kg) 

> 

Cattle Holstein female NS 300 225.00000 NS Cam

Cattle Holstein female NS 600 355.00000 NS Cam

Cattle Holstein female NS 900 425.00000 NS CamCattle Holstetn female NS 1200 475.00000 NS CaCattle Holstein female NS 1500 505.00000 NS CaCattle Holstein female NS 1800 525.00000 NS Ca

Cattle Hols teln female NS 2100 535.00000 NS CaCattle Holstein female NS 2700 540.00000 NS CaCattle Holstein female NS 3600 550.00000 NS Ca

' 

Cattle Jersey female NS 300 200.00000 NS CaCattle Jersey female NS 600 280.00000 NS CamCattle Jersey female NS 900 340.00000 NS CaCattle Jersey female NS 1200 370.00000 NS CaCattle Jersey female NS 1500 390.00000 NS CaCattle Jersey female NS 1800 415.00000 NS Ca

Cattle Jersey female NS 3600 420.00000 NS Ca

Cattle NS NS 20 4 44.20000 NS Ke

(..:1 Cattle NS NS 20 11 44.43000 NS Ke

I 

....J Cattle NS NS 20 18 44.11000 NS Ke

V'l 

,.. Cattle NS NS 20 25 47.20000 NS Ke

Cattle NS NS 20 31 52.65000 NS Ke

Chicken Broiler female 32 120 0.45000 NS KnChicken Broiler female 32 180 0.60000 NS KnChicken Broiler female 32 240 1.10000 NS KnChicken Broiler female 32 360 2.15000 NS Kn

Chicken Broiler female 32 480 2.95000 NS Kn

Chicken Broiler female 32 600 3.50000 NS KnChicken Broiler female 32 660 3.65000 NS Kn

Chicken Broner female 32 720 3.75000 NS KnCh1cken Broiler female 32 780 3.80000 NS KnChicken Broner female 32 840 3.80000 NS KnChicken Broner male 11 120 0.45000 NS Kn

Chicken Broiler male 11 180 0.75000 NS Kn

Chicken Broiler male 11 240 1.20000 NS Kn

Chicken Broiler male 11 360 2.1'>0000 NS KnChicken Broiler male 11 480 4.00000 NS Kn

c Chicken Brol ler male 11 61'>0 4.80000 NS Kn

\.0 Chicken Broiler male 11 720 5.05000 NS Kn

........ 

c Chicken Broiler male 11 780 5.20000 NS Kn

1'1.) Chicken Broiler male 11 840 5.25000 NS Kn

........ 

c:c 

...,.j 
TARLE 3-12 (cont.) 

..... 

\D Species Strain Sex No. of Age Weight Variance \D Animals (days) (kg) ..... 

> 

Chicken Cornish female NS 1 0.03200 NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 7 0.05900 NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 14 0.10500 NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 21 0.17200 NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 28 0.25&00 NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 35 NS NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 42 NS NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 49 NS NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 5b 0.&3&00 NS AltChicken Cornish female NS &3 NS NS Alt

Chicken Cornish female NS 70 NS NS Alt

Chicken Cornish female NS 84 1.04500 NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 96 NS NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 112 1.31600 NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 12& NS NS AltChicken Cornish female NS 140 1.54500 NS Alt

Chicken Cornish male NS 1 0.03200 NS Chicken Cornish male NS 7 0.05900 NS Alt

(.oJ Chicken Cornish male NS 14 0.10900 NS Alt

I 

..... Chicken Cornish male NS 21 0.18200 NS Alt

(,J'1 Chicken Cornish male NS 28 0.2&800 NS Alt(,J'1 Chicken Cornish male NS 35 NS NS Alt

Chicken Cornish male NS 42 NS NS Alt

Chicken Cornish male NS 49 NS NS AltChicken Cornish male NS 5b 0.72700 NS AltChicken Cornish male NS b3 NS NS AltChicken Cornish male NS 70 NS NS Alt

Chicken Cornish male NS 64 1.27200 NS AltChicken Cornish male NS 96 NS NS AltChicken Cornish male NS 112 1. 72700 NS AltChicken Cornish male NS 12& NS NS Alt

Chicken Cornish male NS 140 2.09100 NS AltChicken I/h C•/- both 42 0.55590 NS Fox Chicken I/h C•/- both 135 5b 0.61510 NS Fox Chicken I/h c/c both 123 42 0.45740 NS Fox Chicken I/h c/c both 123 5b 0.80490 NS Fox 

Chicken h/h C•/- both 123 42 0.57040 NS Fox Chicken h/h c/c both 121 42 0.53260 NS Fox 

0 Chicken h/h c/c both 121 5b 0.78&00 NS Fox 

ID Chicken h/h C•/- both 123 5b 0.84170 NS Fox 

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09/02/87 
TABlE 3-12 (cont.) 

...... 

loCI Spec les Strain Sex No. of Age Weight Variance loCI 

...... Animals (days) (kg) 

> 

CMcken Ross broiler male 3 91 4.73000 NS PrChicken Ross brol ler male 3 105 5.46000 NS PrChicken Ross brol ler male 3 119 5.75800 NS PrChicken Ross broIler male 3 140 6.49000 NS PrChicken Ross brol ler male 2 161 6.50000 NS Pr

Chtcken Several feaale 44 1 0.02710 4.00E-006 SaChicken Several female 44 28 0.07510 2.30E-005 Sa

Chicken Several female 18 84 0.32750 3.42E-004 Sa

Chicken Several female 18 140 0.&5720 2.18[-003 SaChicken Several male 3& 1 0.02900 4.20E-OO& sah 

CMcken Several male 3& 28 0.08740 2.07E-005 Sa

Chicken Several male 27 84 0.38790 1.08E-003 Sa

Chicken Several male 1& 140 0.74480 2. 72E -004 Sa

Chicken White leghorn female NS 1 0.03600 NS Al

Chicken White leghorn female NS 7 0.01300 NS Al

(...) Chicken White leghorn female NS 14 0.11800 NS Al

I Chicken White leghorn female NS 21 0.19500 NS Al

...... Chicken White leghorn female NS 28 0.27200 NS Al

U"l 

...., Chicken White leghorn female NS 35 0.3&700 NS Al

Chicken White leghorn female NS 42 0.43&00 NS Al

Chicken White leghorn female NS 49 0.54900 NS Al

Chicken White leghorn female NS 5& 0.&4000 NS AlChicken Wh lte leghorn female NS &3 0.72100 NS AlChicken White leghorn female NS 70 0.71&00 NS AlChicken White leghorn female NS 84 0.93400 NS AlChicken White leghorn female NS 98 1.10700 NS AlChicken White leghorn female NS 112 1.27000 NS AlChicken White leghorn female NS 12& 1.40200 NS Al

Chicken Wh lte leghorn female NS 140 1.55100 NS AlChicken WhHe leghorn male NS 1 0.03&00 NS AlChicken White leghorn male NS 7 0.05900 NS AlChicken White leghorn male NS 14 0.12300 NS AlChicken White leghorn male NS 21 0.19100 NS Al

Chicken White leghor!l male NS 28 0.2&800 NS AlChicken White leghorn male NS 35 0.34500 NS AlChicken White leghorn male NS 42 0.44900 NS Al

0 Chicken White leghorn male NS 49 0.60300 NS Al

loCI 

....... Chicken White leghorn male NS 5& 0.&8900 NS Al

0 Chicken White leghorn male NS &3 0.87500 NS Al

N 

....... Chicken White leghorn male NS 70 0.94400 NS Al

CD Chicken White leghorn male NS 84 1.24300 NS Al

...., 
TABLE 3-12 (cont.) 

...,) 

..0 Species Strain Sex No. of Age Weight Variance 

..0 

...,) 

> 

Animals (days) (kg) 

Chicken WhHe Leghorn male NS 9B NS NS Altm

Chicken WhHe Leghorn male NS 112 NS NS Altm

Chicken WhHe Leghorn male NS 126 NS NS Altm

Chicken WhHe Leghorn male NS 140 NS NS Altm

Chicken White Leghorn NS 14 21 0.1B300 3.24E-004 Dun

Chicken White Leghorn NS 4 2B 0.20000 7.29[-004 Dun

Chicken White Leghorn NS B 2B 0.32000 2.56[-004 Dun

Chicken WhHe Leghorn NS 15 140 1.53200 9.42E-002 Dun

Donkeys IS fet~~a1e 1 1B25 120.00000 NS Am

Goats Several female 3 1095 52.50000 1.41E0001 Wa

Horses Eguus caballus female 1 9125 500.00000 NS Am

Horses Eguus caba llus male 1 2190 410.00000 NS Am

Horses Eguus caballus male 1 2920 360.00000 NS Am

<..:> Horses Eguus caba11us male 1 4380 510.00000 NS Am

I Horses Eguus caballui male 1 5475 600.00000 NS Am

...,) 

V"' 

co Horses IS IS NS 1971 481.00000 NS NAS

"ules NS male 1 4745 210.00000 NS Am

Pigs Cross-bred both 30 70 30.00000 NS Pon

Pigs Cross-bred both 30 126 74.00000 NS Pon

Pigs Cross-bred both 30 154 99.00000 NS Pon

Pigs Cross-bred both 30 17~ llB.OOOOO NS Pon

Pigs Duroc-Jersey female NS 300 95.00000 NS Cam

Pigs Ouroc-Jersey female NS 600 140.00000 NS Cam

Pigs Ouroc-Jersey female NS 900 165.00000 NS Cam

Pigs Ouroc-Jersey female NS 1200 lBO.OOOOO NS Cam

Pigs Duroc-Jersey female NS 1500 190.00000 NS Cam

Pigs Duroc-Jersey female NS 1800 195.00000 NS Cam

Pigs Duroc-Jersey female NS 2400 19B.OOOOO NS Cam

Pigs NS female 1 1 2.50000 NS Co

Pigs NS female 1 140 65.00000 NS Co

0 Pigs NS female 1 2BO 150.00000 NS Co

1.0 

....... Pigs NS female 1 420 lBO.OOOOO NS Co

0 Pigs NS female 1 560 220.00000 NS Co

1\,) 

....... 

(X) 

-' 
~ ID 

ID ~ > ~ I ~ U"' 

ID 

0 

ID 

....... 

0 

N 

....... 

c:c 

-..J 

Species Strain 

Pigs NS 

Pigs NS 

Pigs liS 

Pigs NS 

Pigs Sus scrofa 

Pigs White cross 

Pigs White cross 

Pigs White cross 

Pigs White cross 

Pigs White cross 

Pigs White cross 

Pigs White cross 

Pigs Wh lte cross 

Pigs White cross 

Pigs White cross 

Sheep NS 

Sheep NS 

Sheep NS 

Sheep Ovls aries 

NS • llot specified 

Sex No. of 

Animals 

NS 8 

NS 15 

NS 3 

NS 3 

female 1 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS 51 

NS NS 

NS NS 

NS NS 

female 1 

TABLE 3-1~ (cont.) 

Age Weight Variance 

(days) (kg) 

1 1.18000 1. 31E-001 C

114 30.00000 1.39EOOO~ C

2 1.04700 4.~3E-003 "o

1 1.1&700 9.4~E-OO~ "o

183 17.00000 NS A

21 4.85000 NS B

21 5.34000 NS B

~8 5.49000 NS B

~8 &.15000 NS B

35 7.15000 NS B

35 7.99000 NS B

4~ 9.17000 NS B

4~ 10.&0000 NS B

42 13.&0000 NS B

49 13.0&000 NS B

grown 31.50000 5.0&EOOOO la

grown 45.00000 .03E0001 la

weaned &3.00000 2.03E0001 la

730 5~.00000 NS A
1250 

• • • • ~ i • 

1000 • 

• 

r • 

H 

T 750 • 

i 

n ; 

~ 500 a • • ~ ., 

• • ~ • • 

J:· • I I • • 

' ~ 

250 ~ 

I 

~· I I I I 1 

2.5 s.o 7.5 10.0 12.5 

AGE IH YIARS 

FIGURE 3-51 

Growth Data on Cattle 

(See Table 3-11 for po,nts and references) 

1991A 3-160 09/02/87 
i 

n 

1991A 

12~ ~--------~----------------------------------------

1 ~ • • • 

1000 J_ ___ L_~·~J,_-=-= ........ ::d::!::~=!:::_ _ _j 

~ 

• • _! 

250 

I 

2.5 

I I 

5.0 7.5 

~I I H 't'IARS 

FIGURE 3-52 

I 

10.0 

Growth Curve on Female Hereford Cattle 

{See Table 3-12 for po1nts and references) 

3-161 

I 

12.5 

09/02/87 
soo 

r 400 

~ 

i 

n »:> 

l 

' 

»i 

100 

1991A 

~ 

~ • • .j 

' i • ~ •l • • 1- • •i 

i• ~ i. • t • ! • i 

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 ~.0 ,,0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 

AGE IH YEARS 

FIGURE 3-53 

Growth Curve on Cattle. Exclud,ng Female Hereford Cattle 

(See Table 3-12 for po1nts and references} 

3-162 09/02/87 
7 

•• 

6 

• • • 

r 

5 • 

• • 

H 

T 4 

i • ~ • • n • • .. 

k I 3 ' • • II! • 

2 • 

1 

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

ACil I H 'LIARS 

FIGURE 3-54 

Growth Data on Ch1ckens 

(See Table 3-12 for po1nts and references} 

1991A 3-163 09/02187 
Ch,ckens, part,cularly the White Leghorn, have been used as an,mal 

models for study,ng per,pheral neurotox,ns. Growth data on male and female 

White Leghorns are presented in F'gures 3-55 and 3-56. Because b'oassays 

using ch,ckens are not well standard,zed, no attempt w'll be made to recommend subchronic or chronic body we,ghts. Depending on the nature of the 

experiment, the data in Table 3-12 and F'gures 3-55 or 3-56 could be used to 

est,mate the most appropriate body we,ght. 

3.4.3. P1gs. All growth data from Table 3-12 on p'gs are plotted in 

F'gure 3-57. The growth data reported by Pond et al. (1985) and Conalty 

(1967), plotted 'n Figure 3-58, are cons,stent with each other but show 

substant,ally more rap'd growth than other reports on the domestic p'g (Sus 

domesUcus). Data from these latter reports are plotted 'n Figure 3-59. 

The data reported by Amoroso et al. (1964) are for the m,n,ature p,g, Sus 

scrofa, and are not l'kely to be typ,cal of sw,ne used as l'vestock. 

Recommended rna ture body weights for 1 'ves tock sw' ne (Sus domes U cus) are 

200-250 kg. Based on F'gures 3-58 and 3-59, other body we,ght est,mates for 

sw,ne can be der,ved as needed. 

3.5. WILDLIFE 

Growth data on w'ldlHe are summarized in Table 3-13. As d'scussed by 

Moody et al. (1985) for ferrets and Zatzman et al. (1984) for marmots, many 

spec,es of w'ldlHe mammals show substantial (30-40%) seasonal var,aUon 'n 

body we,ght. Such seasonal variat,ons are also l'kely to be seen 'n 

l'vestock and laboratory an,mals. but are less well documented. 

Figures 3-60 and 3-61 summarize the body weights of male and female mink 

from two control groups used by Auler,ch et al. (1979) in a study on the 

toxicity of PCBs. a compound to which mink are parUcularly susceptible. 

l991A 3-1 64 09/02/87 
1991A 

! 

• ;~ :~~. 

r' i___...-l • i_.....-.· i 

"--AKi _ _..-_ l : : 

I 

10.0 

I 

20.0 

I 

~.0 

I I 

40.0 so.o 

A;! IH »AYS 

FIGURE 3-55 

... 

• 

I 

60.0 

I 

'10.0 

Growth Data on Male Wh1te Leghorn Ch1ckens 

(See Table 3-12 for po1nts and references) 

3-1£>5 

I 

fK>.O 

• 

I 

90.0 

09/02/87 
1.6 

1.4 

I 1.2 

1 ~ 

i 

n 0.8 

I 

' 0.6 

0.4 

0.2 

1991A 

• 

i .: 

• 

25.0 :10.0 ~.0 100.0 125.0 

AlAI IH DAYS 

FIGURE 3-56 

Growth Data on Female Wh1te Leghorn Ch1ckens 

(See Table 3-12 for po1nts and references) 

3-166 

• 

1:10.0 

09/02/87 
• 

200 i 1. ~ .. 

r 

! 

• I ,. i 

I 

! 

! ! • ! ! E 

~ 150 .. 

- t • 

n 

l • 

' 100 - .: 

l 

! 

• ! 

• I 

so ; 

.. 

~ • 

1 I I I I I I 

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 

A;I IH YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-57 

Growth Data on Domest\c and M\n\ature P1gs 

(See Table 3-12 for po\nts and references) 

1991A 3-167 09/02/87 
I 

n 

l 

200 

• lOO 

50 

1991A 

• 

• 

100.0 3:)0.0 300.0 400.0 :100.0 600.0 

f!GI Itt »AYS 

FIGURE 3-58 

Growth Data on Larger Dornest1c P1gs 

[Data from Pond et a1. (1985) and Conalty (1967)] 

3-168 09/02/87 
• 

• i 175 

• 

r 

150 

125 ' t 

n 100 

l 

c: 

75 

1.0 2.0 3.0 <1.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 

A;l JH YIAIS 

FIGURE 3-59 

Growth Data on Smaller Domest1c P1gs 

(See Table 3-12 for po1nts and references) 

1991A 3-169 09/02/87 
TABI. f 3-13 ~ Growth and Body Welght Data on Wlldllfe ..0 

..0 ~ > 

Specles/Straln Sex No. of Age Weight Varlance 

Anlmals (days) (kg) 

Ferrets/domestlc female NS adult 0.67500 1. 27E -002 Moody 

Ferrets/domestlc male NS adult 2.02500 1 .14E -001 Moody 

Ferrets/NS male 9 young 0.71150 6.28E-003 Vlneg

Marmots/yellow-bell led female 9 adult 3.81000 5.76E-002 Zatzm

Marmots/yellow-bell led female 9 adult 3.86000 5.76E-002 latzm

Marmots/yellow-bell led male 9 adult 4.62000 2.81E-001 Zatzm

Marmots/yellow-bell led male 9 adult 4.76000 2. 92E -001 Zatzm

Marmots/yellow-bell led male 9 adult 4.95000 3.03E-001 Zatzm

~ Marmots/yellow-bellied male 9 adult 5.19000 3.48E-001 Zatzm

~ Marmots/yellow-bellled male 9 adult 5.29000 4. 36E -001 Zatzm

0 Marmots/yellow-bellled male 9 adult 5.32000 3.97E-001 Zatzm

Marmots/yellow-bell led male 9 adult 5.33000 4. 23E -001 Zatzm

Marmots/yellow-bell led male 9 adult 5.39000 3. 72E -001 Zatzm

Marmots/yellow-bell led male 9 adult 5.45000 4.1 OE -001 Zatzm

Marmots/yel1ow-bellled male 9 adult 5.46000 4. 62E -001 Zatzm

Marmots/yel1ow-bellled male 9 adult 5.50000 4.49f-001 1 a I. 11

Mink/NS female 24 90 0.75000 NS Aule

Mink/NS female 24 90 0.76000 NS Aule

Mink/NS female 24 103 0.86100 NS Aule

Mink/NS female 24 103 0.87600 NS Aule

Mink/NS female 24 118 0.91900 NS Aule

M1nk/NS female 24 118 0.93400 NS Aule

Mlnk/NS female 24 132 0.92000 NS Aule

0 Mink/NS female 24 132 0.95500 l.llE-002 Aule

~ Mlnk/NS female 24 146 0.97100 NS Aule

~ Mink/NS female 24 146 0.98400 1.53E-002 Aule

' CX! -.J 
TABLE 3-13 (cont.) 

-' 

LO LO 

-' 

):> 

Specles/Straln Sex No. of Age Weight Varlance 

Anlmals (days) (kg) 

Mlnk/NS female 24 160 0.99900 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 160 1. 03900 1. 57E -002 AulerMink/NS female 24 174 1. 04100 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 174 1.06600 2.70E-002 AulerMink/NS female 24 188 1. 03100 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 188 1.06500 1 . 25E -002 Auler

Mink/NS female 24 202 1.02000 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 202 1. 05800 1 .88E -002 AulerMink/NS female 24 214 1. 01400 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 214 1.04100 2. 31E -002 AulerMink/NS female 24 230 0.93700 NS Auler

Cj" Hi nk/NS female 24 230 0.96800 1.80E-002 Auler

--' 

:: Mink/NS female 24 245 0.98900 NS Auler

Mink/NS female 24 245 1.01800 3.14E-003 AulerMink/NS female 24 261 0.92700 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 261 0.97000 1.15E-002 AulerMink/NS female 24 275 0.93300 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 275 0.96200 1. 49E -002 AulerMink/NS female 24 292 0.90900 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 292 0.94100 8.06E-003 Auler

Mink/NS female 24 306 0.93600 NS AulerMink/NS female 24 306 0.96800 2.46E-002 AulerMink/NS female 24 320 0.94700 NS Auler

Hink/NS female 24 320 0.96500 2. 42E -003 Auler

Mink/NS female 24 438 0.81100 NS Auler

Mink/NS female 24 438 0.82100 5. 89E -003 Auler

Mlnk/NS male 6 90 1.08300 4. 39E -002 Auler

male 5 90 1.13700 NS Aulermale 6 103 1. 29700 3.48E-002 Auler

co 

-.I 
lABLE 3-13 (cont.) 

__, 

!.&:> !.&:> 

__, 

> 

Specles/Stra in Sex No. of Age Weight Variance 

Animals (days) (kg) 

Mink/NS male 5 103 1.33900 NS Auler

M1nk/NS male 5 118 1.37800 NS AulerM1nk/NS male 6 118 1.42700 5. 71E -002 AulerMink/NS male 5 132 1.56900 NS AulerMink/NS male 6 132 1.56900 2.27E-002 AulerM1nk/NS male 5 146 1. 59100 NS Au1erMink/NS male 6 146 1.63100 3.60E-003 AulerMink/NS male 6 160 1.64900 3. 97E -003 AulerM1nk/NS male 5 160 1.66900 NS AulerM1nk/NS male 6 174 1.65400 1.44E -003 AulerM1nk/NS male 5 174 1.68600 NS Auler

w 

• M1nk/NS male 6 188 1.68000 1.31E -003 Auler

...... -' 

....,J M1nk/NS male 5 188 1.71000 NS Auler

1'\J Mink/NS male 6 202 1.76600 1. 02E -003 Auler

M1nk/NS male 5 202 1.78100 NS AulerMink/NS male 6 214 1.73100 1.09E -003 Au1er

Mink/NS male 5 214 1.'/3200 NS Au1eMink/NS male 5 230 1.5&400 NS Au1er

Mink/NS male 6 230 1.61300 1. 76E -003 Au1er

Mink/NS male 5 245 1. 59600 NS AulerMink/NS male 6 245 1.64900 NS AulerM1nk/NS male 5 261 1.48300 NS Au1eM1nk/NS male 6 261 1. 53500 NS AulerM1nk/NS male 5 275 1.47600 NS AulerM1nk/NS male 6 275 1.55300 NS Auler

M1nk/NS male 5 292 1 .49600 NS AulerMink/NS male 6 292 1.59100 NS Auler

E.; Mink/NS male 5 30{) 1 . {)0700 NS Auler

' M1nk/NS male 6 306 1 • {){)900 NS Auler

Mink/NS male 5 320 1. 59500 NS Au1e

' (Xl ....,J 
--' 

"" "" --' 

:> 

Specles/Stra1n 

Mink: INS 

M1nk:/NS 

M1nk/NS 

Mink:/NS 

Mink/NS 

Mink:/NS 

Mink/NS 

Voles/meadow 

Voles/meadow 

Voles/NS 

VJ 

I 

--' 

-.J 

VJ NS = Not spec\f1ed 

0 

"" ' 0 N 

' CD 

-.J 

Sex No. of 

An1mals 

male 6 

male 6 

male 5 

both NS 

both NS 

both NS 

both NS 

both 28 

NS 7 

NS NS 

TABLE 3-13 (cont.) 

Age Weight Var1ance 

(days) (kg) 

320 1.61200 NS Auler

438 1.64000 NS Auler

438 1.69200 NS Aule

1 0.00930 NS Aule

1 0.00962 NS Aule

28 0.15760 NS Auler

28 0.16500 NS Aule

176 0.04100 5.62E-005 lee a

45 0.04500 5.62E-005 laugh

NS 0.04100 NS NAS, 
I 

1.75 

1.S I 1.25 ~ 

1 

n 1 

I 

0.75 

0.5 

o.~ 

1991A 

~ • I 1! i• • 

... ·~ 1 ~ •j•. 

! I 

• ai : 

~.o 100.0 1~.0 alO.o ~.o a:x>.o ~.o 400.0 <~50.o 

Alai IH lAYS 

FIGURE 3-60 

Recommended Growth Curve for Hale H1nk 

(See Table 3-13 for po1nts and references) 

Source: Auler1ch et al., 1979 

3-174 09/02/87 
r 

~ 

i 

n 

l 

' 

1991A 

l.es ~----------~----~--~----~----~----~----~--~ 

1 1: I zj~' ~ tl i 

i 

! l 

! ! 

0.75 

o.s 

o.~ ~--~~~~--~----~--~----+----+----+---~ 

:SO.O 100.0 150.0 ~.0 ~.0 X>O.O 350.0 400.0 450.0 

AGE IH J>AYS 

FIGURE 3-61 

Recommended Growth Curve for Female M1nk 

(See Table 3-13 for po1nts and references) 

Source: Auler1ch et al., 1979 

3-175 09/02/87 
section substantially underestimate human breathing volumes for adolescents 

and adults. Rigorous evaluation of human values is outside the scope of 

this text. Additional information is provided in U.S. EPA (1985a). Since 

the minute volumes reported in the literature for experimental mammals and 

other animals were made when the animals were at rest and not under conditions of normal activity, a simnar activity factor could be proposed for 

these species. This factor is not applied to the allometric equations for 

nonhuman animals because in most toxicity studies the activity of the 

animals is restricted by confinement. The use of upper or lower bounds of 

the allometric equations should be considered H hyperactivity or lethargy 

is reported. In some instances in which the exposed dose must be estimated 

1992A 4-1 09/03/87 
-J 

1.0 

1.0 

N Group Spe

> 

Pr1mates huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

huma

~ huma

I huma

N huma

huma

huma

1110nk

1110nk

1110nk

1110nk

IliOn k

laboratory gu1n

rodents guin

guin

guin

gu1n

gu1n

gu1n

guin

gu1n

guin

0 gu1n

co 

....... gu1n

-J guin

.,.. 

....... guine

cc guine

-..J 
_, 

..0 

..0 Group Sp

N 

> 

laboratory ham

rodents ham

(cont.) ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

ham

~ mic

I mic

(,.,) 

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

mou

0 mou

..0 mou

' mou

0 co 

' co -.1 
...... ..0 ..0 

N Group Sp

> 

laboratory rat 

rodents rat 

(cont.) rat 

rat rat rat 

rat 

rat rat rat rat rat rat rat 

rat rat 

rat rat 

I rat 

rat 

rat rat rat rat 

rat rat 

rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat 

rat rat 

c rat 

CD ....... rat 

...... rat 

....... rat 

CD 

"""' 
.,.j 

1.0 

1.0 

N Group S

> 

Laboratory rat 

rodents rat 

(cont.) rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

Other cat 

~ laboratory cat 

I mammals cat 

I,J"' cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

0 dog 

Cl:) 

........ dog 

.,.j dog 

~ ........ 

Cl:) 

-..../ 
_, 

1.0 

1.0 

N Group Sp

> 

Other rab

laboratory rab

mammals rab

(cont.) rab

rab

rab

rab

rab

L \vestock cam

cat

cat

cat

ch\

chi

.- don

I 

<:I' 

goa

hor

hor

hor

hOr

hor

hor

hor

hor

hor

hor

mul

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

0 

co she

....... 

_, she

.- she

....... 

co 

......J 
__, 

I.D 

I.D 

N Group Sp

> 

W11d11fe dee

fer

fox 

fox 

g\r

lem

lem

lem

lem

llam

lyn

~ lyn

I 

-.1 

ma

mar

mu

por

sea

slo

slo

squ

squ

vol

vol

we

we

0 wo

cc wo

....... 

__, 

-411> 

....... 

cc 

-.1 
-' 

I.C 

I.C 

N 

> 

4/10 

I 

CD 

0 

I.C 

........ 

0 

CD 

........ 

(X) 

-.I 

Group S

Birds bob

bur

duc

duc

goo

os

pig

qua 

Other liz

tur

NS = Not specified 
(loglog plot). While Figure 4

2 shows a relatively clear relationship 

between log body weight and log minute volume, certain points are atypical 

and are not considered in the derivation of recommended values. Three of 

these points come from the study by Amoroso et al. (1964): sheep. miniature 

pigs, and Guernsey cattle. Most of the reported values given by Amoroso et 

al. (1964) are high compared with other studies. In this study, tidal 

volume was measured by a flow transducer attached to a mask that was sealed 

with jelly and made air-tight with an inflatable cuff. In addition, none of 

the animals were trained or subjected to such measurements prior to the 

published recordings. These factors may have contributed to the atypically 

high recorded minute volumes. 

1992A 4-9 09/03/87 
1992A 

Body Weight in Kilogra 

FIGURE 4-1 

l1near Plot of the Relat1onsh1p of 

M1nute Volume (t) to Body We1ght (kg) 

4-10 08/14/87 
1992A 

Body Weight in Kilograms 

FIGURE 4-2 

log-log Plot of the Relat1onsh1p of 

Minute Volume (l) to Body We1ght {kg) 

4-11 08/14/87 
The work of Guyton {1947) is the best study of comparative respiratory 

volumes in laboratory animals and is commonly cited in the recent literature 

as the basis for assumed respiratory volumes. Guyton {1947} used five 

different methods. only one of which involved anesthesia. to measure respiratory rates of animals at rest. As noted by Guyton {1947) and confirmed by 

the larger data set in Figure 4-2. there is a strong positive correlation 

between body weight and minute volume for species, covering a substantial 

weight range (0.0066-600 kg). As noted by Guyton {1947) and Adolph (1949}, 

however. this relationship does not appear to be based on the surface area 

proportionality. Guyton (1947} proposed a proportionality of body weight to 

l992A 4-12 09/03/87 
statistics provided in Figure 43. if unusually high or low levels of 

activity are reported in the study under review. 

No species. with the possible exceptions of the Monitor lizard and 

Diamond-back turtle. are clear outliers to the above relationships. Even 

for the apparent outliers. it is unclear if the differences in minute 

volumes from those of species of similar body weights are due to true 

species differences or experimental variability or error. Nonetheless. if 

species-specific information is available on the relationship of body weight 

l992A 4-13 09/03/87 
FIGURE 4-3 

Allometric Relat1onsh1p of 

M1nute Volume (t) to Body Weight (kg) for All Species 

1992A 4-14 08/14/87 
a very low correlation coefficient. The reasons for the poor correlation in 

this species are not apparent. 

l992A 4-15 09/03/87 
Dogs 

0

67 

0.89 

Rabbits I = 0. 46 w0.8307 0.88 

1992A 4-16 

413 

4-14 

09/03/87 
1992A 

FIGURE 4-4 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of 

M1nute Volume (t) to Body We1ght (kg) for Humans 

4-11 08/14/87 
l992A 

FIGURE 4-5 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of 

M1nute Volume (t) to Body We1ght (kg) for Monkeys (All data 1n Table 4-1) 

4-18 08/14/87 
FIGURE 4-6 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of M1nute Volume (l) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Ind1v1dual Rhesus Monkeys 

(Data from Karel and Weston, 1946, not sumrnar1zed 1n Table 4-l) 

l992A 4-19 08/14/87 
FIGURE 4-7 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of H1nute Volume (t) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Humans and Monkeys Comb1ned 

1992A 4-20 08/14/87 
FIGURE 4-8 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of M1nute Volume (l} 

to Body We1ght (kg} for Gu1nea P1gs 

1992A 4-21 08/14/87 
1992A 

FIGURE 4-9 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of H1nute Volume {l) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Hamsters 

4-22 

08/14/87 
1992A 

FIGURE 4-10 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of M1nute Volume (t) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for M1ce 

4-23 08/14/87 
1992A 

FIGURE 4-11 

Allometr1c Relatlonshlp of M1nute Volume (t) 

to Body Welght (kg) for Rats 

4-24 08/14/87 
1992A 

FIGURE 4-12 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of M1nute Volume (l) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Cats 

4-25 08/14/87 
l992A 

FIGURE 4-13 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of M1nute Volume (t) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Dogs 

4-26 06/14/67 
FIGURE 4-14 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of M1nute Volume (l) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Rabb1ts 

l992A 4-27 08/14/87 
as nonlactating cows (Mount and Ingram. 1971). and chickens in the eggproducing stage consume about twice the amount of water of nonproducing 

chickens (Howard. 1975). 

Also. several examples have been reported on the effect of diet on water 

consumption. For guinea pigs. the amount of "greens" {usually kale or 

lettuce) in the diet is inversely related to water requirements. Guinea 

pigs receiving a green food supplement require only 50-100 mt water/day. 

but without the supplement. guinea pigs require 25-100 mi./day (Ediger. 

1976). Dogs consuming canned food. with an average moisture content of 75%. 

may not require any additional water consumption (Corbin. 1976). A significant increase in the salt content of the diet can substantially increase 

1993A 5-l 09/03/87 
Despite the number of variables that can affect water consumpt1on, interspecies correlations covering a wide range of body weights are generally 

high. Using data on several mammalian spec1es. Adolph (1943} proposed the 

following relationship: 

l ::: 0.01 W0 • 88 ( 5-l ) 

where l is water consumption in mll./hour and W is body weight in grams. A 

similar relationship (W0 • 9 ) had been noted somewhat earlier by Richter 

( 1938} . 

Table 5-l summarizes data on water consumption for several species of 

animals. [Many of the references cited in this· table are reviews or 

standard texts {Arrington, 1978; Bruce. 1950; Chew, 1975; Cizek, 1961; 

1993A 5-2 09/03/87 
..... 

...0 

...0 Group Spec

(.,) 

> 

Primates baboon 

human 

human 

hu~n 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

laboratory gerbil 

U"'' rodents I 

(.,) 

gerbil 

gerbl 1 

gerbil 

gerbil 

gerbil 

gerb11 

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pi

guinea pl

guinea pi

guinea pi

0 

(XI 

guinea pl

...... 

..... guinea pl

-...I 

...... 

(XI 

-...I 
...1 Group Spec

..0 ..0 

w 

> 

Laboratory gulnea p

rodents 

gulnea p

gulnea p

gulnea pgulnea pgulnea pgulnea p

gu1nea pgu1nea p

hamster hamster 

hamster hamster 

1.11 

I 

.jilo hamster 

hamster 

hamster hamster 

hamster 

mouse mouse mouse 

mouse mouse mouse mouse 

mouse 

0 mouse 

c:c mouse 

....... 

...1 

-..1 

....... 

mouse 

c:c 

-..1 
_, 

1.0 Group Speci

1.0 

(..) 

> 

Laboratory mouse 

rodents 

(cont.) mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

V'l mouse 

I V'l 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

0 mouse 

1.0 ' 0 mouse 

co mouse 

' co mouse 

-.J 
_. Group Spec

\0 

\0 

(...) 

> 

laboratory mouse 

rodents 

(cont.) mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

U"' mouse 

i 

"' mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

0 rat 

CD rat 

' _. 

...... rat 

' CD 

...... 
_, Group Spec

!oD 

!oD 

(..:! 

> 

Laboratory rat 

rodents 

(cont.) rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

l..n rat 

l rat 

-...1 rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

Other cat 

laboratory 

manna 1 s cat 

0 

(X) cat 

....... _, cat 

-...1 cat 

....... (X) -...1 
...... 

..0 Group Spec\

..0 

(,.) 

> 

Other cat 

laboratory cat 

mammals cat 

I cont.) cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

dog 

IJ'I dog 

I 

co dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

dog 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabb1t 

0 rabbH 

co rabb1t 

........ rabbH 

...... 

...,) rabb1t 

........ rabbH 

co 

...,) rabbH 
..... Group Spec

I.C 

I.C 

<A 

> 

Other rabbH 

laboratory malllllCI1s rabbH 

(cont.) 

rabbH 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabb\t 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

1.1'1 rabb1t 

I I.C rabb1t 

rabbH 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbH 

rabb1t 

rabb\t 

rabbH 

rabbH 

c 

(I:) rabbH 

....... 

..... 

......, rabbit 

....... rabbH 

(I:) 

......, 
_. Group Spec

\D \D 

(;.:) > 

Other rabbH 

laboratory rabbH 

malflllills 

(cont.) 

Lhes tock catt 1e 

cattle cattle 

cattle cattle cattle cattle cattle cattle 

cattle 

U"' cattle 

_. 

I 

chicken 

0 ch1cken 

chicken chicken 

chicken 

ch1cken 

chicken chicken 

cow 

cow 

cow 

cow 

0 horse 

CD ...... 

_. horse 

-..I pig 

...... 

CD 

-..I 
.... Group Spec

1.0 

1.0 

(..;) 

> 

Livestock pig 

(cont.) pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

ply 

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

sheep 

sheep 

Wildlife camel 

deer 

deer 

elephant 

(,M ferret 

I ferret 

.... 

.... 

lion 

lion 

lion 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

mink 

c (X) shrew 

........ 

.... squirrel 

....J 

........ squirrel 

(X) 

....J 
.-~ ~ (...) 

> 

U"! 

I 

.-

1'\) 

0 

CXl 

...... 

.-

-...J 

...... 

<= 

-...J 

Group Sp

W\ldlHe vole 

(cont.) vole 

vole 

Birds Br. mou

Br. Bud

Br. fin

Br. phe

Br. phe

Br. phe

Br. phe

Br. qua 

Br. spa

Br. spa

Br. spa

Br. spa

Br. spa

Br. spa

Br. spa

Br. spa

Br. spa

Br. tow

Br. tow

Br. turk

NS Not specified 
are much lower. Only the allometric relationship for the dog. illustrated 

in Figure 5-5. has a reasonably high (0.87) correlation coefficient and 

differs remarkably from the general equation (Eq. 5-2). The studies on dogs 

by Brown et al. (1984). Golob et al. (1977) and McKeever et al. (1985) are 

well documented and reasonably consistent with the ear11er values given in 

the secondary sources (Arrington. 1972; Templeton. 1968). 

Water consumption for dogs and other species will vary greatly. depending on the moisture content of the chow. Allometric relationships to 

account for this dependency are given in Chapter 7. 

1993A 5-13 09/03/87 
Cats ta.b = 0.76 w-0.886 -0.36 NA 

Dogs tb = 0.004Wl.6388 0.87 5-5 

Rabbits tb = o.l5 w0.5lol 0.22 NA 

Chickens t = 0.13 w0.7555 0.74 5-6 

alf data are available on the diet {dry or moist) use equations on Table 7-2. 

This is particularly important for dogs and cats. 

bNot recommended for derivng recommended values. Use equation for laboratory 

mammals. 

l993A 5-14 09/03/87 
Body W•ight 

FIGURE 5-l 

Plot of Water Consumpt\on (t/day) vs. Body We\ght (kg) for All Spec1es 

(See Table 5-l for po1nts and references) 

1993A 5-15 08/17/87 
1993A 

Ln Body W•.ight 

FIGURE 5-2 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Dr1nk1ng Water (t/day) to 

Body We1ght (kg) for All Spec1es. Except Marmots 

5-16 DB/17/87 
1993A 

coRR: o.9?7()4 161: o.038961 tr: a 

FIGURE 5-3 

Allometr1c Relat\onsh1p of Dr1nk\ng Water (t/day) to 

Body We1ght (kg) for Pr1mates 

5-17 

08117/87 
111 0,13769 Sl: 0.018525 Tl 39.821 

COD: O.M366 tSI: 0.30081 Df: 195 

FIGURE 5-4 

Allometr'c Relat1onsh'p of Dr,nk:1ng Water (t/day) to Body We1ght (k:g) 

for Laboratory Manmals (Gerbns, Gu,nea P'gs, Hamsters, M1ce, Rats, Cats, 

Dogs and Rabb1ts). 

1993A 5-18 08/17/87 
COil: 0. 93224 tt31: 0.049184 II': 7 

1993A 

FIGURE 5-5 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Or1nk1ng Water (t/day} to 

Body We1ght (kg) for Dogs 

5-19 08117/87 
CORI: 0.86522 1'61: 0.2545 If: 6 

FIGURE 5-6 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Dr1nk1ng Water (t/day) to 

Body We1ght (kg) for Ch1ckens 

1993A 5-20 08/17/87 
p

y pgg

that the food consumption of animals will increase as the caloric content of 

the food decreases (Brody. 1945). 

Data on food consumption for a wide variety of animals are summarized in 

Table 6-1 and plotted in Figure 6-1. Some of the data points were not 

considered in the derivation of recommended values because they are atypical 

for the species or other species of similar body weights. The marmots just 

before hibernaUon. labeled in Figure 6-1. show a marked decrease in food 

consumption as well as the decrease in water consumption noted above. One 

group of cattle from a study by Kertz et al. (1984) is omitted because of an 

atypically low food consumption not seen in other groups of cattle from the 

1994A 6-1 09/03/87 
_. 

I.C 

I.C ~ Group Spedes 

> 

Primates human 

human 

human 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

monkey 

laboratory gerb\1 

rodents gerbil 

gerb11 

gerb11 

gerbil 

gerb 11 

gerb11 

(!"I guinea p

I guinea p

1'\) guinea p

gulnea p

guinea p

guinea p

guinea p

guinea p

guinea p

guinea p

guinea p

guinea p

guinea p 

guinea p

hamster 

hamster 

hamster 

hamster 

0 hamster 

(X) 

...... hamster 

_. hamster 

..... 

...... 

(X) hamster 

..... 
-tJ Group Species 

..0 ..0 

.jla 

> 

laboratory hamster 

rodents 

(cont.) hamster 

hamster hamster hamster hamster hamster 

mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse 

mouse 

"' mouse 

I mouse 

(,.) 

mouse 

mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse mouse 

mouse mouse 

0 

mouse 

();! mouse 

....... mouse 

-tJ 

_, mouse 

....... mouse 

Q) 

_, mouse 
..... Group Species 

"" "" 

~ > 

Laboratory mouse 

rodents mouse 

(cont.) 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

0" mouse 

I ~ mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

0 mouse 

1.0 

' 0 mouse 

(..) 

' mouse 

Cl:) ....., mouse 
....J Group Spedes 

ID ID 

> 

laboratory mouse 

rodents mouse 

(cont.) 

rat rat 

rat rat rat rat rat rat 

rat rat rat 

0" rat 

I rat 

IJ'I rat 

rat 

rat 

rat rat rat rat rat 

rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat rat 

0 rat 

CD 

..... rat 

....J rat 

.....! 

..... rat 

CD 

.....! 
...... Group Spec\e

I.C I.C > 

laboratory rat 

rodents rat 

(cont.) rat 

rat 

rat rat rat 

rat rat rat 

rat rat rat 

rat rat 

0' rat 

I 

0' rat 

rat 

Other cat 

laboratory cat 

manuals cat 

cat 

cat 

cat cat 

cat 

cat 

cat cat cat cat cat 

cat 

0 cat 

I.C 

..... cat 

0 cat 

(..) 

..... cat 

Q:) cat 

_, 

cat 
_, Group Species 

1.0 

1.0 

..,.. 

> 

Other cat 

laboratory 

malllllals cat 

(cont.) 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

dog 

dog 

dog 

0' 

I dog 

.,..J 

dog 

dog 

rabbH 

rabb1t 

rabbH 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabbit 

rabbH 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbit 

rabbit 

0 rabbH 

c:o 

....... rabbH 

_, rabbit 

.,..J ....... c:o 

.,..J 
_, Group Species 

...0 

...0 

.j:lo 

> 

Other rabblt 

laboratory rabbIt 

manmals rabbit 

(cont.) rabbit 

rabbit 

rabblt 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbIt 

rabblt 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbIt 

(7'1 rabbit 

I rabbit 

c:o rabbit 

llvestock cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

0 cattle 

co ........ cattle 

_, cattle 

-.1 ........ co 

-.1 
...... Group Specles 

..c 

!,j) 

111> 

> 

llvestock cattle 

(cont.) cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

chicken 

chicken 

chicken 

chicken 

chicken 

chicken 

chicken 

chicken 

chicken 

0" chicken 

I chicken 

!,j) chicken 

chicken 

chicken 

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

sheep 

sheep 

sheep 

Wildlife ferret 

0 ferret 

..c 

...... 

0 hyena 

w 

...... hyena 

CXI hyena 

-.I 
.... Group Specles 

ID 

ID 

.,. 

> 

Wlldl He koala 

(cont.) 

l lon 

lion 

llon 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

a> 

I mlnk 

.... 

0 

nutrla 

shrew 

vole 

vole 

vole 

vole 

vole 

vole 

vole 

Other kestrel 

owl 

turkey 

0 

CD 

' .... 

...... 

' CD 

...... 
l994A 

FIGURE 6-1 

Plot of Food Consumpt1on {kg/day) vs. 

Body We1ght (kg) for All Spec1es 

(See Table 6-1 for po1nts and references) 

6-11 08/17/87 
() (q) g () (q)

This simnarity is most likely related to the slope function for metabolic 

rate estimated at 0.76 (Benedict, 1938). 

The negative correlations for both dogs and cats are probably artifacts 

of different diets. This is clearly the case for cats for which two primary 

studies, Waterhouse and Carver (1966) and Taton et al. (1984), are avanable. In the study by Taton et al. (1984). cats received a dry diet, and in 

the study by Waterhouse and Carver (1966) cats received a canned, moist 

diet. The cats in the study by Taton et al. (1984) were larger but consumed 

substantially less food than the cats in the study by Waterhouse and Carver 

(1966), which resulted in a negative slope (see Figure 4-12). In each 

1994A 6-12 09/03/87 
~~ -2. ?36 s1: o.033886 r: -«>. 742 

111 o.m9 Sl:·o.ou~ Tl ?0.65 

CORi: O. 97512 t61: 0. 29743 Dr: 258 

l994A 

FIGURE 6-2 

Allometr\c Relat\onsh\p of Food Consumpt\on (kg/day} to 

Body We\ght (kg} for All Spec\es. Except Marmots 

6-13 08/17/87 
RabbHs F = 0.041 w0.7898 0.73 

Chickens F 0. 075 w0.8449 0.97 

6-13 

6-14 

aNot recommended for calculating values. Use equation for all species 

combined. 

bNot recommended for calculating values. Included for comparison only. 

CNot recommended for calculating values. Use equation for laboratory mammals. 

NA = Not applicable 

1994A 6-14 09/03/87 
1994A 

IU 0.91415 Sl: 0.088815 T: t0.296 

CORR: 0. 91718 t61: 0. 040392 Df: 5 

FIGURE 6-3 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day} to 

Body We1ght (kg} for Pr1mates 

6-15 08117/87 
IU 0.66106 Sl: 0.01681-t T: 39.315 

cou: o.9351 HSl: o.251a& Dr: 222 

FIGURE 6-4 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) to Body We1ght (kg} for Laboratory Manmals (Gerb1ls, Gu1nea P1gs, Hamsters, M1ce, Rats, Cats, 

Dogs and Rabb1ts}. 

1CJCJ4A 6-16 08/17/87 
FIGURE 6-5 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) to Body We1ght (kg) for Laboratory Rodents (Gerb1ls, Gu1nea P1gs, Hamsters, M1ce and Rats) 

1994A 6-17 08/17/87 
1994A 

111 1.0583 Sl: 0.2374? Tl 4.4506 

CORR• o.8938 t61: o.ot5361 Dr: s 

FIGURE 6-6 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Gerbils 

6-18 

08/17/87 
1994A 

FIGURE 6-7 

Allometrlc Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumptlon (kg/day) 

to Body Welght (kg) for Gu1nea P1gs 

6-19 08/17/87 
11: o.t285 sr: 0.062665 T: 14.817 

cou: o. 98011 1'61: 2.5965£-3 tr: 9 

FIGURE 6-8 

Allometrlc Relatlonshlp of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Hamsters 

1994A 6-20 OB/17/67 
1994A 

COli: 0. 52379 ttSI: 0.089148 If: 58 

FIGURE 6-9 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumpt\on (kg/day) 

to Body We\ght (kg) for M\ce 

6-21 08/17/87 
lit 0.~3 Sl: 0.13754 T: 4.21056 

COD: 0. 50022 1'61: O. 33354 Dr & 53 

FIGURE 6-10 

Allometric Relationship of Food Consumption (kg/day) to Body Weight (kg) for Rats, Including Pregnant and lactating Animals 

l994A 6-22 08/17/87 
FIGURE 6-11 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) to Body We1ght (kg) for Rats, Exclud1ng Pregnant and Lactat1ng An1mals 

1994A 6-23 08/17/87 
1994A 

FIGURE 6-12 

Allometrlc Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumptlon {kg/day) 

to Body We1ght {kg) for Cats 

6-24 

08/17/87 
COiR: 0.85374 K;J:: 0.024701 IF: 29 

1994A 

FIGURE 6-13 

A11ometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Rabb1ts 

6-25 08/17/87 
1994A 

COli: 0.98525 161: 0.0)??18 DFI 12 

FIGURE 6-14 

A1lometr1c Relat1onsh1p of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) 

to Body We1ght (kg) for Ch1ckens 

6-26 06/17/67 
spec1es are likely to differ substantially from others in food consumption 

patterns, but simply that the species-specific equations more accurately 

reflect the available data on these species. 

As wHh water consumption, consideration should be given to the water 

content of the diet, as detailed in Chapter 7. 

1994A 6-27 09/03/87 
gy py pg gp

Studies that reported both food consumption and water consumption data 

are summarized in Table 7-1. and the relationship of food consumption to 

water consumption is plotted in Figure 7-1. In this figure. more so than in 

the previous f1gures on food or water consumption versus body weight. the 

effect of dietary moisture on food and water consumption is apparent. Most 

of the points that are labeled and show a general shift to the left (increased food consumption relative to water consumption) are for animals on a 

high moisture diet. The points for dogs are taken from sources that do not 

specHy the kind of d1et used. For the other points. diets of the carnivores [mink. cats in the study by Waterhouse and Carver {19&6). ferrets. and 

1995A 7-1 09/03/87 
__, 

1.0 1.0 

U"' 

> Group Specie

Primates monkey 

110nkey 110nkey 

110nkey 

Laboratory gerbil 

rodents 

gerbil 

gerbil gerbn gerbil gerbil 

...,j guinea 

l guinea 

1'\,) guinea 

guinea guinea 

guinea guinea 

guinea guinea 

guinea p

guinea p

hamster hamster hamster hamster 

0 IIOUSe 

co IIOUSe 

....... __, IIOUSe 

._; IIOUSe 

....... IIOUSe 

co 

-.1 IIOUSe 
.... Group Speci

1.0 

1.0 

(.J"I 

> 

laboratory mouse 

rodents mouse 

(cont.) 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

...., mouse 

I mouse 

(..) 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

mouse 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

rat 

0 rat 

1.0 

....... rat 

0 

(..) 

....... 

co 

...., 
__, Group Speci

1.0 

1.0 

U"' 

> 

Laboratory rat 

rodents rat 

(cont.) rat 

rat rat rat rat rat rat 

rat 

rat rat rat rat 

_, rat 

I rat 

rat rat rat rat rat rat rat 

Other cat 

laboratory cat 

mammals cat 

cat cat cat cat cat cat 

0 cat 

1.0 

' cat 

0 cat 

(..) 

' cat 

CD _, 
...... Group Spec1

..c 

..c 

l.n 

> 

Other cat 

laboratory cat 

ma11111a 1 s 

(cont.) cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

cat 

dog 

dog 

dog 

-.! 

I dog 

l.n 

dog 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabb1t 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbit 

0 rabbH 

CD 

........ 

rabb1t 

...... rabb1t 

-.! ........ rabbH 

CD 

-.! 
...... Group Speci

\l) 

\l) 

~,...., > 

Other rabbit 

laboratory rabbit 

mannals rabbIt 

(cont.) rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbit 

rabbH 

rabbH 

rabbH 

Livestock cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

cattle 

....., 

I cattle 

0" cattle 

cattle 

pig 

pig 

pig 

pig 

plg 

pig 

plg 

pig 

W1ldllfe ferret 

ferret 

lion 

lion 

lion 

marmot 

0 111armot 

co 

....... 111armot 

..... 111armot 

-....J ....... marmot 

a:> 

-....J 
..... 

1.0 

1.0 

1.1'1 

> 

......, 

I 

.... 

0 

(X) 

' ..... 

......, 

' (X) ......, 

Group Speci

W1ldllfe marmot 

(cont.) marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

marmot 

mink 

mink 

mink 

Birds turkey 

--

NS = Not specified 
1.1003 

FIGURE 7-1 

Plot of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day} vs Water Consumpt1on (~) for All 

Spec1es [See Table 7-1 for po1nts and references {Outl1ers are labeled. See 

text for d1scuss1on)]. 

1995A 7-8 08/17/87 
q() g

For rodent species. usually given dry diets. Equation 7-4 is recommended. 

If moist diets are specified for the rodents (as is occasionally the case 

with hamsters and gerbils). Equation 7-2 should be used. For all other 

species in which the diets are specified as or can be reasonably assumed to 

have been dry or moist. Equations 7-1 and 7-2. respectively. are recommended. 

If only the body weight is known or assumed, but the type of diet is 

specified as. or can be reasonably assumed to have been, dry or moist. 

Equations 7-5 and 7-7 (see Table 7-2), respectively. are recommended for 

estimating food consumption and Equations 7-6 and 7-8 (see Table 7-2), 

respectively. are recommended for estimating water consumption. 

1995A 7-9 09/03/87 
BODY WEIGHT TO FOOD OR WATER CONSUMPTION 

Dry diet: All species F = 0.049 w0.6087 7-5 

c = 0.093 w0.7584 7-6 

Wet diet: All species F = o.054 c0.9451 7-7 

c = 0.009 fl.2044 7-8 

1995A 7-10 

7-6 

7-6 

7-7 

7-7 

09/03/87 
1995A 

'C 

0 

D 

II. 

c 

..J 

10: -1.1644 Sl: 0.0+4121 Tl -26.3'91 

111 O.?n33 Sir 0.013578 Tl 58.353 

CQiJ: 0.97£75 1'61: 0.10487 .,, l"' 

FIGURE 7-2 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1ps of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) to 

Water Consumpt1on (l/day) for An1mals on Dry D1ets 

7-11 08/17/87 
1995A 

, 

 

• • 

c: 

..J 

101 ~. 17133 $11 0.26714 1'1 -1.6361 

Ill 1.aM? 111 O.Ota338 Tl 11.657 

C:OUI 0,95ft? tell 1.1329 lrl 14 

FIGURE 7-3 

Allometric Relationships of Food Consumption {kg/day) to 

Water Consumpt,on {t/day) for Animals on Mo,st Diets 

7-12 OB/17/87 
... 

c: 

..J 

J:): -1.290? Sit 0.061 Tt -21.1!!111 

111 O.'K13aUIO,Ot1719TI .U.tlt' 

COlli o. tw'n !till 0.10!92 ., 117 

FIGURE 7-4 

0.4 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1ps of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) to Water ConsumpUon (t/day) for Laboratory Mammals (Gerb1ls. Gu1nea P1gs. Hamsters. M1ce. 

Rats. Cats. Dogs and Rabb1ts) on Dry D1ets. 

1995A 7-13 08117/87 
c 

..J 

10: 1.~2 SJ: 0.!1923 Tt 4.0M 

111 1.2:143 Sll O.O'I'O?M T1 t'T.tl7 

COlli 0.18332 ,., 0.*5 .,, 13 

FIGURE 7-5 

Allometric Relationships of Food Consumption (kg/day) to Water Consump- Uon (l/day) for Laboratory Rodents (Gerbils. Guinea Pigs. Hamsters. Mice 

and Rats) on Dry Diets. 

1995A 7-14 08/17/67 
1995A 

., 

., 

:. • 

c ... ..1 

10: -2.3784 S!: 0.051118 Tl ... 6.529 

t1: 0.15842 Sit 0.02131 Tl IS. 59 

con: o.,.£58 Kit: 0.38593 ar: 147 

FIGURE 7-o 

e 11 

Allometr1c Relat1onsh1ps of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) and Water 

Consumpt1on (t/day) to Body We1ght (kg) for An1ma1s on Dry 01ets 

7-15 08/17/67 
1995A 

:Ill • 

c: 

..J 

.,, -.. 10e1 111 o.40404 T• -u.ez 

111 l.JOM 111 O.ots718 Tl 12.583 

COU: 0.155'1'5 1511 1.i'ii tr1 15 

FIGURE 7-7 

Allometrlc Relat1onshlps of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) and Water 

Consumpt,on (l/day) to Body We1ght (kg) for An1mals on Mo1st Dlets 

7-16 08/17/87 
1995A 

FIGURE 7-8 

Plot of Food Consumpt1on (kg/day) vs. Water Consumpt1on (t/day} 

vs. Body We1ght (kg) for An1mals on Dry D1ets 

7-17 09/03/87 
19951\ 

FIGURE 

Plot 

1-9 

of food Consumption (kg/dayl vs. ~ater consumption ltld•Yl 

vs. BodY Weight (kgl for Animals on Moist Diets 

1-18 

09/03/81 
l995A 7-19 09/03/87 
desert. Am. J. Physiol. 123: 369-378. 

Aitken. M.L., J.L. Franklin, D.J. Pierson and R.B. Schoene. 1986. Influence of body size and gender on control of ventilat1on. J. Appl. Pn,ysiol. 

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1996A 8-1 09/08/87 
Amoroso, E.C., P. Scott and K.G. Williams. 

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Proc. Royal Soc. London. 159: 

Arnold, A. and C.A. Elvehjem. 1939. Nutritional requirements of dogs. J. 

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l996A 8-2 09/08/87 
ARS/Sprague-Dawley. 1974. Commonly Used Physiological Data. 

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1996A 8-3 09/08/87 
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1996A 8-4 09/08/87 
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l996A 8-5 09/08/87 
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1996A 8-8 09/08/87 
Cutler, R.G. 1975. 

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Evolution of human longevity and the genetic complexity 

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1996A 8-9 

1986. Biological basis for 

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1996A 8-10 09/08/87 
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