•c 

H 

c 

.9 <n 

V) ©V 

3 ON 

P.2 

fr*-S» 

FAWLEY 

Consultancy Report 

* 3 '= 

5 CJ 2 

3 3 O 

Client: Heysham 2 Power Station 

BUBBLE CURTAIN 

FISH EXCLUSION TRIALS AT 

HEYSHAM 2 POWER STATION 

FEBRUARY 1993 

A W H Turnpenny 

For the attention of: 

Mr K S White, Station Manager 

March 1993 

FCR 037/93 

a y 
P.3 

SUMMARY 

A bubble curtain, 80 m in length, was placed across the intake entrance of Heysham 1 and 

2 Power Stations. This was laid in a curve, angled to the incoming flow, so as to guide fish 

along the face of the curtain to safety. The installation of the bubble curtain was undertaken 

by Heysham 2 Power Station. 

The effectiveness of the bubble curtain as a fish exclusion device was tested by FAWLEY 

arl Ltd. Trials took place over a 24 day period, from February 4th - 27th, 1993, on 

Heysham 2 Power Station only. The bubble curtain was switched on or off on alternating 

days, and the catches of fish and shrimps recorded hourly over a standard six hour sampling 

period around low water each day. Environmental variables, including daylight/darkness, 

water temperature, salinity and tidal height were recorded for each sampling period. The 

effect of daylight/darkness was of chief interest, since other researchers have found bubble 

curtains to be ineffective at night. 

During the survey, some 54,000 fish, weighing 352 kg and representing 42 species were 

collected from the CW intakes, and 16,000 shrimps (Crangon crangon), weighing 15 kg. 

The majority of the fish caught were clupeid fish (sprat, Sprattus sprattus and herring, 

Clupea harengus), which constituted 87% of the fish samples. Gadoids (mainly whiting, 

Merlangius merlangus) were the second most important group, with relatively few flatfish 

and individuals of other species. 

The numbers of fish caught were sufficient for a successful trial of the bubble curtain. 

Conclusions 

1 The bubble curtain significantly reduced the catch of fish and shrimps (p<0.01). 

During the trial, the following catch reductions were observed with the bubble curtain 

operating: 

Flatfish 

Clupeids 

Gadoids 

Others 

Total Fish 

Shrimps 

6% 

31% 

- 1 % 

41% 

30% 

28%. 

The high proportion of clupeids strongly influenced the total fish figure. The effect on 

shrimps was not expected, and can be regarded as a bonus. 

2 The findings with respect to catches in daylight versus darkness contradict earlier 

findings of other researchers mainly based on laboratory studies. Both fish and shrimps were 

more effectively excluded at night, the differences being highly statistically significant (p 

= 0.01 - < 0.001). This may have been related to the nocturnal behaviour of both clupeids 

and shrimps, which tend to rise into the water column at night. It is hypothesized that the 

upper levels of a bubble curtain may be more effective at repelling fish, owing to the higher 

bubble volume and surface counter-current formation. Shrimp repulsion is almost certainly 

physical, not behavioural. It is concluded that air-lift convection, possibly augmented by 

tactile and auditory stimuli, were responsible for fish and shrimp deterrence, and that visual 
P.4 

stimuli were unimportant in this case. 

3 The difference in performance of the barrier in daylight versus darkness is of practical 

consequence. In the absence of the bubble curtain, fish catches rose by a factor of 2.44 at 

night, and shrimp catches by a factor of 27. A barrier which was not effective at night 

would therefore be of limited value, and the effectiveness of the Heysham bubble curtain at 

night is a welcome finding. Furthermore, since most fish and shrimps are caught in the 

autumn and winter time, when day length is short, the proportional reduction in fish and 

shrimp catch taken over a full year, assuming the same species balance throughout, is 

estimated to be 37% for fish and 56% for shrimps. In practice the efficacy figure for fish 

may be lowered at other times of the year, owing to the less prominent contribution of 

clupeids to the catch. 

4 We consider the design and placement of the bubble barrier, as tested, to be optimized 

for the location. Any further improvements would involve the use of augmentory stimuli, 

such as sound. 

A W H Turnpenny 

for: 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

Marine & Freshwater Biology Unit 

Fawley, Southampton S04 1TW 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.5 

CONTENTS 

INTRODUCTION 

METHODS 

2.1 The Bubble Curtain 

2.2 The Test Programme 

2.3 Fish and Shrimp Sampling 

2.4 Measurement of Environmental Variables 

2.5 Data Analysis 

RESULTS 

3.1 Environmental Conditions During the Trials 

3.2 Bulk composition of the Catch 

3.3 Overall Performance of the Bubble Curtain 

3.4 Comparison of Performance in Daylight and Darkness 

3.5 Length Composition of Fish Samples 

DISCUSSION 

CONCLUSIONS 

Acknowledgements 

REFERENCES 

TABLES 

FIGURES 

APPENDICES 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.6 

1 INTRODUCTION 

In a previous report to Heysham 2 Power Station, FAWLEY arl Ltd (Turnpenny and 

Henderson, 1992) provided a specification for a bubble barrier, designed to reduce fish catch 

on the cooling water intake screens. The report also proposed a design for a test programme 

which, it was recommended, should take place over a twelve day period during the autumn, 

when seasonal fish catches have previously been found to be maximal. This was to involve 

alternating days with the bubble curtain turned on and off, sampling over a six hour period 

centring on low water, the tidal state when fish catch is maximal. The test was also designed 

to include periods of daylight and darkness, since previous studies have indicated that bubble 

curtains may not be effective in the dark. 

In the event, it was not feasible for Nuclear Electric to mount a test programme in the autumn 

of 1992 and it was delayed until early 1993. To enable an adequate statistical analysis of the 

results with the lower fish catches expected at this time of the year, FAWLEY arl Ltd 

recommended that the test schedule should be doubled in length to 24 days. A bubble curtain 

was installed by the Power Station according to the design recommendations in time for 

testing to begin in February. The test programme was carried out between 4th and 27th 

February, 1993. 

2 METHODS 

2.1 The Bubble Curtain 

The bubble curtain design specification is given by Turnpenny and Henderson (1992). The 

installed equipment deviated only slightly from the specification. The recommended air outlet 

hole size of 0.38 mm proved difficult to drill and a larger hole size of 1 mm was used. This 

was acceptable since the air compressor used (12 m3 min) was capable of supplying well in 

excess of the specified 1.5 m3 min1. 

The line ofthe bubble curtain followed closely the recommended line as shown in Figure 1. 

Plate 1 shows the surface of the water with the bubble curtain in operation. 

2.2 The Test Programme 

The test programme was intended to comprise six hour sampling periods, centring on low 

water (LW) on consecutive days, with the bubble curtain turned on or off on alternative days. 

In practice, the bubble curtain was not commissioned until the third day of the trials and so 

the first two days' fish and shrimp counts were made with the bubble curtain not operating 

(control periods). The bubble curtain was then operated (test periods) continuously for two 

days, but thereafter the programme reverted to plan, with alternating test and control days. 

The full programme schedule is shown in Figure 2. 

For each 'test' day, the bubble curtain was switched on at the end ofthe previous 'control' 

sampling period, to allow the system to equilibrate before sampling began. The main purpose 

of this was to clear as many as possible of the fish occupying the zone between the 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.7 

bubble curtain and the CW screens. Chlorine was also injected continuously during the trials 

at a nominal concentration of 0.2 ppm to reduce fish residence times in the screenwells, 

following the recommendations of Turnpenny and Henderson (1992). 

2.3 Fish and Shrimp Sampling Recording 

Impinged fish and shrimps were sampled continuously from all working CW screens over 

each six hour sampling period. These were obtained by placing Netlon® plastic mesh baskets 

(—6 mm mesh size) into the screen backwash gulleys. 

The samples were sorted to species level, and total numbers and weights per hour were 

recorded for selected key species and for the sum of other species. The key species are 

listed on the raw data recording sheets given in Appendix 1. For non-key species, totals 

were recorded only for each day of the trials. 

For the key fish species, individual length measurements were made (standard length: tip of 

snout to caudal peduncle), to the nearest 5 mm, for up to 200 individuals per day. These 

were not segregated into hourly groups. For the brown shrimp (Crangon crangon), numbers 

were counted or, where large numbers were present, determined from the sample weight, 

based on a mean individual weight of 0.74 g per shrimp. The shrimps were of 

approximately uniform size. 

2.4 Measurement of Environmental Variables 

Water temperature and salinity were measured at a convenient time during each six hour 

period. For this purpose, water was drawn by bucket from the screenwell and the 

measurements were made using a temperature-compensated inductive Salinometer (Woodmill 

Instruments, Southampton). 

Tidal height and hours of sunrise and sunset were taken as nominal values from Liverpool 

Tide Tables, corrected for the Port of Heysham. 

2.5 Data Analysis 

Records made during the trial were transferred to a Lotus 1-2-3® spreadsheet, now held with 

the original record sheets in the Nuclear Electric Archive at FAWLEY arl Ltd. 

All analyses were based on screen catches standardized to three operating CW pumps on 

Heysham 2. This was the actual operational state, apart from during the period 4-6th 

February when only two pumps were running. Catches from these days were multiplied by 

3/2. 

All statistical analyses, including standard error calculations and regression analyses, were 

performed using the statistical functions of Lotus 1-2-3. Fish and shrimp catches, were log10-

transformed for regression analysis and for geometric mean and standard deviation 

calculations (Turnpenny, 1983). 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.8 

3 RESULTS 

3.1 Environmental Conditions During the Trials 

Daily records of the environmental variables measured are given in Appendix 1. A summary 

is given in Table 1. 

3.2 Bulk Composition of the Catch 

During the 24 days of the survey, a total of 53,589 fish was collected in screen samples. 

This would have represented less than half of the total catch for the period, since sampling 

was only for six hours per day, but more than a quarter, as the majority of fish are caught 

around the LW period of the tidal cycle. The total weight of this catch was 352 kg. 

A total of 42 species was recorded. These are listed in Table 2 with their respective totals 

for test and control periods, and grand totals. For simplicity, the remainder of the analysis 

refers to the following taxonomic groups and not to individual species: 

Flatfishes: plaice, dab, sole, flounder 

Clupeids: sprat, herring 

Gadoids: whiting, pout, poor cod, Norway pout, rocklings 

Other species: all others listed in Table 2. 

Figure 3(a) and (b) show the relative abundance of each of these groups by number and 

weight respectively. Clupeids formed by far the most prominent element of the catch, being 

87.3% by number and 59.8% by weight. Gadoids were the next most important (7.2% by 

number, 34.7% by weight), other species, including flatfishes, being of lesser significance 

(5.4% by number, 5.5% by weight, in total). 

3.3 Overall Performance of the Bubble Curtain 

The daily total catches of fish and shrimps, for test and control days, are shown in Figure 

4. Taken over the whole trial period, catches of fish (all species) were lower, numerically, 

by 30% (Table 3). Gadoids were least affected (-1% reduction), followed by flatfish (6%). 

Clupeids were reduced by 31%, and there was a 41% reduction in the remaining species. 

Shrimp numbers were lower by 28% with the bubble curtain operating. 

Correct functioning of the bubble curtain was maintained throughout the trial, though divers 

working on a damaged dolphin structure close to the bubble curtain line on 17th February 

are believed to have disrupted the integrity of the bubble curtain. This may account for its 

apparently reduced effectiveness on that date (Figure 4). 

A number of environmental factors may affect fish catch on power stations, and to assess the 

effect of some of those measured in the study, a multiple regression analysis was performed. 

The results are presented separately for fish and shrimps in Table 4. Note that the dependant 

variable (fish or shrimp numbers) has in each case been log10-transformed, so that the 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.9 

equation is of the general form: 

y = antilog10 (b0 + b, x, + b2x2+ bnxj, 

where y is fish or shrimp catch, b0 is the constant, x,, x2 ... x„ are the x variables 

(temperature, salinity, light, tide, bubbles) and b,, b2 ... bn are the computed coefficients. 

Whether or not the coefficients are significantly different from zero can be judged from the 

t-values computed from the standard error. The probability, p, indicated by the t-values 

shows that both for fish and shrimps the bubble curtain effect is significant (p <0.001 for 

fish, p <0.005 for shrimps). These equations predict catch reductions of 33% and 44%, 

respectively for fish (all species) and shrimps. It is also seen that water temperature, 

salinity, light versus dark, and tidal height all show a significant relationship with fish catch 

(p <0.05) and all of these but salinity affect shrimp catch. They do not, however, prevent 

the effect of the bubble curtain being distinguished. 

3.4 Comparison of Performance in Daylight and Darkness 

To compare bubble curtain effectiveness for light versus dark periods, an equal number of 

hourly sample records for light and dark conditions was selected at random from the total 

set of records, giving equal representation for each of the six tidal states (hours 1 to 6) in 

daily samples. Selecting this subset of data was necessary because, in the full set of data, 

a greater number of daylight samples occurred towards the beginning of the six hour 

sampling period, at a tidal state when fish catch was below average (Figure 5). A 

comparison on the whole data-set would therefore have generated a low-bias in daylight 

samples. A total of 84 hourly samples, half taken in daylight and half in darkness, was used 

in the comparison. 

The results, shown in Table 5, demonstrate marked and significant differences, between 

hourly catch rates in daylight and darkness, both with and without the bubble curtain 

operating. With no bubble curtain operating, fish and shrimp catches were higher at night 

by factors of 2.4 and 27 respectively. The catch reduction by the bubble curtain was also 

higher at night, not in daylight as had been expected, for both fish and shrimps. There was 

a 43% reduction in fish catch at night (cf. 21% in daylight), and 58% reduction in shrimps 

(cf. -11% in daylight) 

The statistical significance of the catch differences for daylight versus darkness and bubble 

curtain "on" versus "off is shown in the lower half of Table 5, where t-test comparisons for 

significant differences between the geometric means are made. These show that all 

differences are significant at the p <0.05 - < 0.001 level, with the exception of bubble 

barrier "on" versus "off conditions in daylight. For both fish and shrimps, therefore, 

bubble curtain effectiveness during daylight hours is not upheld by the trials. 

This does not necessarily mean that the barrier has no effect in daylight, but rather that any 

effect is small compared to other factors. In the case of shrimps, daytime catches are so 

small (<4 per hour) that the lack of any effective daytime deterrence would be of no 

practical concern. 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.10 

3.5 Length Composition of Fish Samples 

For sprat, herring, whiting and the 5-bearded rockling, the four commonest species, lengthfrequency histograms are compared for test and control periods in Figures 6(a)-(d). These 

indicate the generally small sizes of most of the fish caught, over 95 % of which were < 20 

cm in length, and the absence of any significant difference in size between test and control 

periods. This comparison was made to evaluate the possibility that the only larger fish were 

excluded by the barrier, with smaller ones not being able to resist the intake flow. This was 

apparently not the case. 

4 DISCUSSION 

The results of the Heysham 2 trials are in marked contrast to some other studies which 

investigated the use of bubble curtains for fish exclusion. These were reviewed briefly by 

Turnpenny and Henderson (1992), who listed various power station trials, including one in 

the UK (Uskmouth Power Station) and several in the USA, where no demonstrable fish 

exclusion was found. However, they also pointed out that there were design flaws in most 

of these trials, for example bubble curtains placed too close to the intakes, where velocities 

were likely to be excessive, and the lack of any guiding property to lead fish to safety. 

The principle of the Heysham 2 design follows the recommendation of Mischenko and 

Pestryakov (1986), who proposed the use of barriers angled to the incoming flow, rather 

than normal to it, so that fish would be encouraged to move laterally across it. The modest 

success of the Heysham 2 scheme indicates that the design was good, indeed we can think 

of no further improvements and consider it an optimized design for a bubble barrier for this 

location. Any further improvements would involve the use of augmentory stimuli, such as 

sound (Turnpenny and Henderson, 1992). 

The effectiveness of the bubble curtain at night was an unexpected outcome of the trials. In 

laboratory experiments, where bubble curtains have been shown to be effective as fish 

barriers (see Turnpenny and Henderson, 1992 review), their effect has generally been 

attributed primarily to visual detection by the fish and, to a lesser extent, aural and tactile 

cues, so that effectiveness is much reduced in the dark. The results of the Heysham 2 trials 

show that not only did the bubble curtain continue to exclude fish and shrimps after dark, 

but that it worked better at night. This must imply that some additional mechanism comes 

into play at night since, were aural and tactile stimuli the means by which fish detected the 

barrier, these would be no different at night from the daytime. 

The fact that the fish were comprised mainly of clupeid species may offer a clue as to the 

mechanism. Sprats and herrings are schooling species which form closely aggregated shoals 

low in the water column during the hours of daylight. At night, when visual contact between 

individuals is lost, the shoals tend to form looser aggregations throughout the. water column 

(Blaxter and Hunter, 1982). For two reasons, the upper part of a bubble plume may be more 

effective at repelling fish: first, because as the hydrostatic pressure decreases, bubble size 

and hence plume volume increase so that it presumably becomes more detectable by fish; 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
p.11 

secondly, as the bubble plume convects upwards towards the surface, it entrains water, which 

spills out in both directions normal to the line of the bubble curtain. This induces a counter 

cunent of some strength in the upstream direction relative to intake flow (Figure 7). This 

was not measured at Heysham but, from observation, may have been well in excess of 1 m 

s"1. It is hypothesized, therefore, that the observed reduction of fish catch was caused by 

physical repulsion by convection cunents rather than, or as well as, active fish avoidance. 

The reduced effect on other species would then be attributable to the deeper position occupied 

by them in the water column. 

The proposed explanation of shrimp exclusion is similar to that for clupeids. Shrimps are 

essentially nocturnal animals which, during the daytime, rest on the sea bed (Yonge, 1958). 

At night they rise into the water column, so becoming vulnerable to impingement. It is most 

likely that shrimps, being small creatures of ~ lg weight, are subjected to the air-lift 

principle in the curtain, a process caused by a combination of attachment of micro-bubbles 

to the body surface and by larger bubbles acting on the under-surface of the body, thereby 

reducing the specific gravity and causing it to rise. Once at the surface, surface countercunents, normal to the barrier line will tend to drive the shrimps along the angled barrier 

to safety. The same principle may apply to small fish and has been used in the former USSR 

as a means of excluding very small fish (<33 mm) from intakes (Pavlov, 1989). 

The difference in the effectiveness of the bubble barrier between daylight and darkness is of 

practical consequence. Catches at night without the bubble curtain were 2.4 times higher 

than daytime catches for fish, and 27 times higher for shrimps. Since the majority of fish 

and shrimps are caught over the autumn and winter seasons, when day length is short, any 

system which is going to be effective at reducing catches of these organisms must work at 

night. Given seasonal information on catch rates and day length it is possible to calculate 

the overall annual effectiveness of a bubble curtain, assuming a similar catch composition to 

that in the trial. In Table 6 are shown the monthly catches at Heysham, as proportions of 

the annual total. These were derived from Heysham 1 data given by Turnpenny and 

Henderson (1992). Also shown are daylength data and predicted daytime and night-time 

'control' catches of fish (all species) and shrimps calculated from mean hourly rates given 

in Table 5, multiplied by the monthly proportions. Predicted values with the curtain 

operating were calculated using the reduction rates given in Table 5. Comparison of the 

summated annual totals with and without the bubble curtain operating indicate an annual 

reduction of 37% for fish and 56% for shrimps, with the bubble curtain. 

Care should be exercised in the extrapolation of the results for fish. The results found were 

overwhelmingly influenced by the predominance of sprats and herring in the catch. The 

bubble curtain was less effective for other species. The overall effectiveness of the barrier 

is likely therefore, to be reduced if, at other times of the year, other species feature more 

prominently in the catch. 

5 CONCLUSIONS 

5.1 The bubble curtain significantly reduced the catch of fish and shrimps (p<0.01). 

During the trial, the following catch reductions were observed with the bubble curtain 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.12 

operating: 

Flatfish 6% 

Clupeids 31% 

Gadoids -1% 

Others 41% 

Total Fish 30% 

Shrimps 28%. 

The high proportion of clupeids strongly influenced the total fish figure. The effect on 

shrimps was not expected, and can be regarded as a bonus. 

5.2 The findings with respect to catches in daylight versus darkness contradict earlier 

findings of other researchers mainly based on laboratory studies. Both fish and shrimps were 

more effectively excluded at night, the differences being highly statistically significant (p 

= 0.01 - < 0.001). This may have been related to the nocturnal behaviour of both clupeids 

and shrimps, which tend to rise into the water column at night. It is hypothesized that the 

upper levels of a bubble curtain may be more effective at repelling fish, owing to the higher 

bubble volume and surface counter-current formation. Shrimp repulsion is almost certainly 

physical, not behavioural. It is concluded that air-lift convection, possibly augmented by 

tactile and auditory stimuli, were responsible for fish and shrimp deterrence, and that visual 

stimuli were unimportant in this case. 

5.3 The difference in performance of the barrier in daylight versus darkness is of practical 

consequence. In the absence of the bubble curtain, fish catches rose by a factor of 2.44 at 

night, and shrimp catches by a factor of 27. A barrier which was not effective at night 

would therefore be of limited value, and the effectiveness of the Heysham bubble curtain at 

night is a welcome finding. Furthermore, since most fish and shrimps are caught in the 

autumn and winter time, when day length is short, the proportional reduction in fish and 

shrimp catch taken over a full year, assuming the same species balance throughout, is 

estimated to be 37% for fish and 56% for shrimps. In practice the efficacy figure for fish 

may be lowered at other times of the year, owing to the less prominent contribution of 

clupeids to the catch. 

5.4 We consider the design and placement of the bubble barrier, as tested, to be optimized 

for the location. Any further improvements would involve the use of augmentory stimuli, 

such as sound. 

Acknowledgments 

I would like to thank the staff of Heysham 2 Power Station for their help and co-operation 

during the trials; also, all those who assisted with the surveys, including Dr R J Aston, 

Ms A Osment, Mr J Coughlan, Dr R N Bamber and Mr J Bowsher. 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.13 

REFERENCES 

Blaxter J H S and Hunter J R, 1982. The biology of the clupeoid fishes. Adv. Mar. Biol., 

20, p 115-119. 

Mishchenko V S and Pestryakov V N, 1986. Problem of protecting fish at water intakes. 

Gridrotechnicheskoe, Stroitelstvo, 8, pp 50-52. 

Pavlov D S, 1989. Structures assisting the migrations of non-salmonid fish: USSR. FAO 

Fish. Tech. Pap. 308, Food and Agriculture Association of the United Nations, 

Rome, 97 pp. 

Turnpenny A W H, 1983. Multiple regression analysis for forecasting critical fish influxes 

at power station intakes. J. Appl. Ecol., 20, pp 33-42. 

Turnpenny A W H and Henderson P A, 1992. Design and testing specification for a fish 

deterrent bubble barrier for Heysham Power Stations 1 & 2. Report to Heysham 2 

Power Station, FAWLEY arl Ltd, Report No. FCR 006/92. 

Yonge C M, 1958. The Sea Shore. London, Collins, p 226. 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
Figure 1 

The Line of the Installed Bubble Barrier 

P.14 

Stag* 1 Incake 

Scage Z IncaVe 

Plate 1 

The Bubble Barrier in Operation 

,'v :

r '$& 

. th 

/ / 

z. 

m ~-<'~j. : 

PS . 

\* ' v.. 

*,i l 

• 

J J 

••H I 
P.15 

Figure 2 Heysham 2 Bubble Bam'er Tests. 1993: Schedule of Work 

Date Test 

or 

Control 

Bubble 

Barrier 

On Time 

Bubble 

Barrier 

Off Time 

Sampling 

Start 

Time 

Sampling 

Finish 

Time 

03-Feb Arrive and set up 

04-Feb Control 

05-Feb Control 19.45 

08-Feb Control 22.03 16.03 

19.45 

22.03 

09-Feb Test 22.52 16.52 22.52 

10-Feb Control 23.31 17.31 23.31 

11-Feb Test 24.12 18.12 24.12 

12-Feb 

15-Feb 

Control 24.54 

Test 15.24 

18.54 

9.24 

24.54 

15.24 

16-Feb Control 17.00 11.00 17.00 

17-Feb Test 18.19 12.19 18.19 

18-Feb Control 19.18 13.18 19.18 

19-Feb 

22-Feb 

23-Feb 

24-Feb 

25-Feb 

26-Feb 

Test 20.03 

Control 

Test 

Control 

Test 

Control 

21.40 

22.35 

23.33 

22.07 

23.03 

14.03 

15.40 

16.07 

16.35 

17.03 

17.33 

20.03 

21.40 

22.07 

22.35 

23.03 

23.33 
P.16 

Figure 3 

Heysham 2 Survey, February 1993 

Composition ofthe Fish Catch 

87.3% 

By Number 

59.9% 

s 

/ ._ 

/ / 

\ / 

Flatfish 

Clupeids 

Gadoids 

• Others 

34.6% 

By Weight 
P.17 

Figure 4 

Daily Totals of Fish and Shrimp Impinged 

With and Without the Bubble Curtain 

Operating 

Fish Impingement 

X 

.a 

o 

E 

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 

• February 1993 

I Bubble Curtain On SH I Bubble Curtain Oflf 

Shrimp Impingement 

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 

February 1993 

I Bubble Curtain On idHM Bubble Curtain Off 
P.18 

Relative Fish Catch (Standard Deviations from Mean) 

H-» O *—* 
P.19 

Figure 6 

Comparison of Length Frequency Distributions for Control 

and Test Periods 

(a) 

HERRING 

400 

300 

ffi tr. 

E 

£5200 

0 

2 

100 

LENGTH FREQUENCIES DURING CONTROL PERIOD 

400 

300 

ffi t/l E 

£3200 

0 

100 

LENGTH FREQUENCIES DURING TEST PERIOD 

MEAN LENGTH: 93.36 mm 

25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 

LENGTH mm 
P.20 

Figure 6 

Comparison of Length Frequency Distributions for Control 

and Test Periods 

(b) 

SPRAT 

1000 

800 

ffi 

tQ 600 

E 

o 

O 400 

fc 

200 

LENGTH FREQUENCIES DURING CONTROL PERIOD 

25 

MEAN LENGTH: 53.76 mm 

50 75 100 

LENGTH mm 

125 150 

1000 

800 

w3 600 

E 

O 

| 400 

200 

LENGTH FREQUENCIES DURING TEST PERIOD 

MEAN LENGTH: 52.72 mm 

25 50 75 100 

LENGTH mm 

125 150 
P.21 

Figure 6 

Comparison of Length Frequency Distributions for Control 

and Test Periods 

(c) 

WHITING 

150 

ffi tn 

E 

UH 

o 

b 

fc 

100 

50 

LENGTH FREQUENCIES DURING CONTROL PERIOD 

150 

LENGTH FREQUENCIES DURING TEST PERIOD 

loo 

MEAN LENGTH: 143.02 mm 

ffi 

t/m 

E 

U H 

O 

6 

fc 50 
P.22 

Figure 6 

Comparison of Length Frequency Distributions for Control 

and Test Periods 

(d) 

FIVE BEARDED ROCKLING 

LENGTH FREQUENCIES DURING CONTROL PERIOD 

30 

25 

ffi20 

tn 

E 

g!5 

d 

^ 10 

125 150 175 

LENGTH mm 

30 

25 

20 

ffi 

oo 

E 

§ 1 5 

d fc 

10 

LENGTH FREQUENCIES DURING TEST PERIOD 

MEAN LENGTH: 136.01 mm 

50 75 100 125 150 175 

LENGTH mm 

200 225 250 
Figure 7 

Water Currents Generated by a Rising Bubble Plume 

(after Pavlov, 1989) 

Water Surface 
P.24 

Table 1 

Ranges of Environmental Variables Recorded During the 

Hours of the Survey 

Variable 

Temperature 

Salinity 

Tidal Height 

Wind Speed 

Range of Values 

6.2 - 8.7°C 

27.9 -33 %o 

0.76 - 5.5 m above CD 

Force 1 - Force 8 Beaufort 

Scale 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.25 

Table 2 

Total Numbers and Weights of Key Species Recorded for Control and Test Periods, and Species List of Non-Key Species 

KEY SPECIES 

Ba86 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

All other species 

Scientific Name 

Dicentrarchus labrax 

Solea solea 

Limanda limanda 

Platichthys flesus 

Pleuronectes platessa 

Sprattus sprattus 

Clupea harengus 

Merlangius merlangus 

Gadus morhua 

Trisopterus minutus 

Gaidropsarus vulgaris 

Ciliata mustela 

Pollachius pollachius 

Trisopterus norvegicus 

Trisopterus luscus 

Pomatoschistus minutus 

Anguilla anguilla 

Agonus cataphractus 

Control 

Number Weight (g) 

1 

25 

13 

136 

133 

20092 

7643 

1396 

6 

16 

0 

229 

1 

7 

267 

134 

3 

67 

996 

37 

86 

71 

3721 

1475 

61002 

63139 

41746 

627 

158 

0 

8541 

18 

257 

9794 

326 

337 

487 

3772 

Test 

Number Weight (g) 

0 

33 

9 

104 

142 

13495 

5561 

1457 

1 

23 

1 

253 

2 

2 

211 

183 

8 

103 

570 

0 

114 

49 

2845 

1574 

40972 

45940 

43571 

104 

226 

12 

9437 

37 

73 

7739 

445 

900 

749 

2158 

Combined 

Number 

1 

58 

22 

240 

275 

33587 

13204 

2853 

7 

39 

1 

482 

3 

9 

478 

317 

11 

170 

1566 

Weight (g) 

37 

200 

120 

6566 

3049 

101974 

109079 

85317 

731 

384 

12 

17978 

55 

330 

17533 

771 

1237 

1236 

5930 

NON-KEY SPECIES 

Atlantic salmon 

Sea trout 

Sea snail, common 

Dragonet 

Pipefish, greater 

Salmo salar 

Salmo trutta 

Liparis liparis 

Callionymus lyra 

Syngnathus actus 

Stickleback, 3-spined Gasterosteus aculeatus 

Stickleback, ,5-spined Spinachia spinachia 

Smelt 

Mullet, grey 

Weever, lesser 

Conger eel 

Lumpsucker 

Sand eel 

Wrasse, corkwing 

Lamprey, sea 

Brill 

Topknot 

Sand smelt 

Gurnard, grey 

Tadpole fish 

Sea scorpion 

Bull rout 

Turbot 

Pipefish, Nilsson's 

Osmerus eperlanus 

Liza aurata 

Trachinus vipera 

Conger conger 

Cyclopterus lumpus 

Ammodytes tobianus 

Crenilabrus melops 

Lampetra marinus 

Scopthalmus rhombus 

Zougopterus punctatus 

Atherina boy eri 

Eutrigla gumardus 

Raniceps raninus 

Taurulus bubalis 

Myoxocephalus scorpius 

Scopthalmus maximus 

Syngnathus rostelltus 
P.26 

Table 3 

Total Numbers of Each Catch Category Caught, with and withot 

the Bubble Curtain Operating 

(Numbers adjusted for 3 pumps running: see text) 

Category 

Flatfish 

Clupeids 

Gadoids 

Others 

All Fish 

Shrimps 

Total Numbers Caught 

Bubbles Off 

307 

27735 

1922 

1467 

31431 

9049 

Bubbles On 

288 

19056 

1950 

864 

22158 

6552 

Combined 

595 

46791 

3872 

2331 

53589 

15601 

Reduction 

Bubbles On 

6% 

3 1 % 

- 1 % 

4 1 % 

30% 

28% 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.27 

Table 4 

Regressions of Fish and Shrimp Catch on Bubble Curtain Operation and Environmental Variables 

Regression with Log-transformed Shrimp Totals 

Constant 

Std Err of Y Est 

R Squared 

No. of Observations 

Degrees of Freedom 

X Coefficient(s) 

Std Err of Coef. 

T-value 

P 

Min 

Max 

Temp 

0.172 

0.066 

2.601 

0.01 

6.2 

8.7 

-2.80259 

0.518185 

0.601739 

144 

138 

Salinity 

0.057 

0.035 

1.633 

0.1 

27.9 

33 

Light 

1.286 

0.092 

14.032 

0.001 

0 

1 

Tide 

0.143 

0.032 

4.518 

0.001 

0.76 

5.50 

Bubbles 

-0.254 

0.089 

-2.861 

0.005 

0 

1 

Regression with Log-transformed Fish Totals 

Constant 

Std Err of Y Est 

R Squared 

No. of Observations 

Degrees of Freedom 

X Coefficient(s) 

Std Err of Coef. 

T-value 

P 

Min 

Max 

Temp 

0.067 

0.035 

1.927 

0.001 

6.2 

8.7 

0.981217 

0.272135 

0.406422 

144 

138 

Salinity 

0.032 

0.018 

1.751 

0.005 

27.9 

33 

Light 

0.381 

0.048 

7.927 

0.001 

0 

1 

Tide 

-0.043 

0.017 

-2.556 

0.001 

0.76 

5.50 

Bubbles 

-0.171 

0.047 

-3.670 

0.001 

0 

1 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
Table 5 

Efficiency of the Bubble Curtain in Terms of Catch Reduction. Compared for Light and Dark 

Conditions 

Daylight 

Light 

Dark 

Bubble 

Curtain 

Off 

On 

Off 

On 

Fish 

Hourly Catch Rate 

Gmean 

197 

156 

481 

274 

GSD 

2.1 

2 

1.7 

1.9 

Catch 

Reduction 

20.8% 

43.0% 

Shrimps 

Hourly Catch Rate 

Gmean 

3.8 

4.2 

104 

44 

GSD 

2.3 

3.3 

3.6 

4.6 

Catch 

Reduction 

-10.5% 

57.7% 

Note: this analysis is based on 84 hourly samples, half taken in daylight and half in darkness 

the number of samples for each of the sampling hours 1 -6 was equalized to eliminate any 

tidal bias. Gmean = geometric mean, GS = geometric standard deviation 

Student t-values and Probabilities that Geomel 

FISH 

Off/Light 

On/Light 

Off/Dark 

On/Light 

0.53 NS 

-

Off/Dark 

5.1 ** * 

5.9 ** * 

-

On/Dark 

2.3 * 

3.0 ** 

3.1 ** 

trie Means are the Same: 

SHRIMPS 

Off/Light 

On/Light 

Off/Dark 

On/Light 

0.07 NS 

-

Off/Dark 

9.2 *** 

8.3 ** * 

-

On/Dark 

6.6 ** * 

7.0 ** * 

2.1 * 

NS = not significant. * = p<0.05 ## _ p<0.01 *** _ *= p< 0.001 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
Table 6 

Predicted Fish and Shrimp Catches over a Year. Taking Account of Variations in Daylength and the Bubble Curtain 

Efficacy in Daylight versus Dark Conditions 

Month 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

Totals 

Proportion 

of Annual 

Catch 

0.08 

0.10 

0.06 

0.05 

0.06 

0.06 

0.06 

0.07 

0.03 

0.20 

0.17 

0.07 

Mean Hours 

of 

Daylight 

8.08 

9.87 

11.38 

14.00 

15.80 

16.80 

16.40 

14.75 

12.70 

10.60 

8.80 

7.80 

Predicted Fish Catch (Numbers) 

Day Catch 

Control 

3770 

5756 

3982 

4355 

5222 

5552 

5739 

6309 

1975 

12364 

8896 

3336 

67257 

Night Catch 

Control 

18136 

20121 

10783 

7595 

6617 

5810 

6494 

9660 

4291 

38164 

37518 

16917 

182105 

Day Catch 

Curtain 

2986 

4559 

3154 

3449 

4136 

4397 

4545 

4996 

1564 

9793 

7046 

2642 

53267 

Night Catch 

Curtain 

10338 

11469 

6146 

4329 

3772 

3312 

3701 

5506 

2446 

21753 

21385 

9643 

103800 

Predicted Annual Reduction in Catch with Bubble Curtain Operating: 37.0% 

Predicted Shrimp Catch (Numbers) 

Day Catch 

Control 

73 

111 

77 

84 

101 

107 

111 

122 

38 

239 

172 

64 

1297 

Night Catch 

Control 

3921 

4351 

2331 

1642 

1431 

1256 

1404 

2089 

928 

8252 

8112 

3658 

39374 

Day Catch 

Curtain 

73 

111 

77 

84 

101 

107 

111 

122 

38 

239 

172 

64 

1297 

Night Catch 

Curtain 

1659 

1840 

986 

695 

605 

531 

594 

883 

392 

3490 

3431 

1547 

16655 

55.9% 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.30 

APPENDIX 1 

Raw Data ShPrtc 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.31 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date . | 4/2/93| 

Start Time ["T2l0| 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Staff\ AT/ RJA 

Hours of daySght 

(during sampling) 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 6.51 

Salinity (ppt) | 28.3 [ 

Tidal State | 0844| HW Time | 15.36|lWTime 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

~8l]HWHt(m) | 2llLWHt(m) 

1 

V 

Tick for on 

Stage 

2 

V 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

X 

2 

X 

Stage 2 

3 

V 

4 

V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhern 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Seatrout 

Smelt 

Sandeel 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total dupekte 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

52 

12 

12 

2 

7 

1 

1 

2 

0 

64 

21 

4 

2 

1 

t 

Wt 

114 

182 

356 

41 

250 

379 

5 

8 

0 

296 

647 

392 

No 

24 

8 

7 

6 

0 

32 

13 

0 

2 

2 

Wt 

33 

95 

239 

302 

0 

128 

541 

0 

No 

1 

27 

2 

4 

3 

1 

29 

4 

3 

1 

1 

3 

Wt 

2 

60 

14 

96 

4 

2 

74 

96 

4 

No 

1 

25 

21 

1 

1 

1 

1 

7 

1 

46 

2 

9 

4 

Wt 

3 

62 

6 

3t 

40 

2 

8 

6 

3 

68 

71 

16 

No 

77 

21 

2 

1 

1 

10 

0 

98 

4 

10 

2 

78 

6 

Wt 

150 

270 

29 

21 

126 

18 

0 

420 

176 

18 

No 

1 

1 

197 

102 

3 

1 

3 

2 

299 

4 

3 

6 

Wt 

3 

12 

560 

791 

55 

57 

1 

15 

1351 

112 

1 

To 

No 

0 

0 

1 

1 

2 

402 

166 

29 

0 

0 

0 

3 

0 

0 

0 

0 

16 

0 

0 

0 

1 

2 

3 

23 

4 

568 

48 

29 

5 

82 

tal 

Wt 

0 

0 

3 

3 

14 

979 

1358 

806 

0 

0 

0 

62 

0 

0 

0 

0 

775 

0 

0 

0 

379 

7 

16 

29 

20 

2337 

1643 

431 

3.7 

60.68 
PJ>2^ 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start rum. 

S/2/93I Sfaff AT/RJA 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

R400I 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 6.8 [ 

Salinity (ppt) | 28.11 

Tidal State | 09.39| HW Time | 16.34 LW Time 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

Hours of daylight 

(during sampling) 

jBXJ§HWHt(m) r~T4lLWHt(m) 

1 

V 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

X 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

RocMmg,5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Sandeel 

Topknot 

Trout 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

2 

2 

155 

5 

10 

2 

2 

6 

13 

4 

160 

20 

13 

2 

5 

1 

Wt 

43 

13 

200 

40 

395 

7 

205 

285 

23 

56 

240 

892 

23 

No 

1 

64 

6 

4 

2 

2 

1 

70 

4 

4 

1 

2 

Wt 

23 

84 

142 

111 

9 

1 

23 

226 

111 

10 

No 

74 

3 

6 

3 

0 

77 

9 

0 

7 

3 

Wt 

108 

23 

138 

203 

0 

131 

341 

0 

No 

63 

4 

3 

1 

1 

9 

0 

67 

3 

11 

7 

4 

Wt 

100 

31 

91 

5 

18 

9 

0 

13t 

91 

32 

1 

No 

1 

231 

129 

4 

1 

6 

1 

360 

4 

7 

552 

6 

Wt 

2 

715 

1094 

113 

38 

20 

2 

1809 

113 

58 

No 

2 

247 

200 

3 

1 

2 

3 

2 

447 

6 

3 

865 

6 

Wt 

TO 

911 

1551 

107 

3 

60 

7 

10 

2462 

170 

7 

To 

No 

0 

0 

0 

3 

5 

834 

347 

30 

0 

3 

0 

4 

0 

0 

0 

6 

3 

0 

0 

0 

3 

1 

1 

33 

0 

8 

1181 

46 

38 

3 

1437 

al 

Wt 

0 

0 

0 

66 

25 

2118 

2881 

955 

0 

10 

0 

265 

0 

0 

0 

285 

203 

0 

0 

0 

14 

18 

38 

60 

0 

91 

4999 

1718 

130 

2.22 

1063 
P.33 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

6/2/93I Staff IRJA/AD 

Hours of daySght 

(during sampling) 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

QUI 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 7.21 

Salinity (ppt) [""27^9] 

Tidal State | 10.28; HW Time 117.26| LWTime I 9.04|HWHt(m) | 0.8|LWHt(m) 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

1 

V 

2 

V 

Staqe 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

X 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Ffeft Catch (Rsh weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhern 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Conger 

Other species 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

1 

1 

5 

6 

15 

5 

4 

1 

2 

1 

2 

11 

24 

4 

1 

3 

1 

Wt 

18 

11 

20 

56 

359 

130 

112 

4 

33 

790 

29 

76 

601 

827 

No 

15 

6 

11 

1 

1 

3 

1 

2 

16 

0 

21 

16 

19 

1 

2 

2 

Wt 

20 

45 

330 

3 

99 

148 

3 

19 

10 

0 

65 

580 

32 

No 

191 

4 

6 

1 

1 

2 

2 

11 

0 

195 

8 

15 

1 

3 

Wt 

265 

34 

182 

48 

38 

4 

10 

10 

0 

299 

268 

24 

No 

220 

20 

3 

2 

11 

0 

240 

3 

13 

4 

4 

Wt 

319 

100 

127 

2 

12 

0 

419 

127 

14 

No 

146 

22 

3 

1 

1 

3 

5 

0 

168 

4 

9 

1 

141 

6 

Wt 

320 

159 

145 

12 

4 

8 

1 

0 

479 

157 

13 

No 

3 

216 

76 

8 

1 

2 

6 

10 

3 

292 

11 

16 

3 

364 

6 

Wt 

8 

817 

563 

168 

5 

82 

12 

28 

8 

1380 

255 

40 

To 

No 

0 

0 

0 

1 

4 

793 

134 

46 

0 

3 

1 

8 

0 

0 

0 

0 

8 

13 

0 

9 

1 

53 

0 

5 

927 

66 

76 

7 

514 

tal 

Wt 

0 

0 

0 

18 

19 

1761 

957 

1311 

0 

56 

12 

311 

0 

0 

0 

0 

298 

29 

0 

70 

790 

61 

0 

37 

2718 

1988 

950 

5.18 

380.4 
P.34 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

7/2/93J Staff AD/RJA 

15^ | 

OfT 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 7.8 j 

Salinity (ppt) |~275] 

Tidal State | 11.14|HWTime 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

Hours of dayBght 

(during sampling) 

l8?l ^ IWTime 

1 

V 

Tick for on 

Stage 

2 

V 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

9.8|HWHt(m) 

Stage 2 

0.3|LWHt(m) 

1 

V 

2 

X 

3 

V 

4 

V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other species 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

1 

3 

2 

22 

28 

10 

1 

8 

4 

3 

6 

3 

6 

50 

23 

12 

4 

8 

1 

Wt 

3 

147 

79 

36 

237 

209 

6 

215 

148 

10 

81 

2 

229 

273 

578 

93 

No 

1 

2 

42 

16 

25 

5 

6 

1 

5 

11 

3 

58 

36 

17 

6 

8 

2 

Wt 

2 

55 

53 

238 

996 

166 

201 

2 

34 

3 

57 

291 

1363 

39 

No 

2 

676 

61 

14 

2 

4 

1 

14 

2 

737 

16 

19 

1 

4 

3 

Wt 

392 

1142 

413 

470 

46 

9 

13 

10 

392 

1555 

516 

32 

No 

1120 

152 

8 

4 

4 

88 

0 

1272 

12 

92 

8 

4 

Wt 

2486 

964 

148 

68 

12 

40 

0 

3450 

216 

52 

No 

1 

340 

48 

6 

1 

2 

5 

1 

34 

1 

388 

9 

40 

80 

5 

Wt 

7 

810 

346 

170 

51 

79 

11 

101 

12 

7 

1156 

300 

124 

NO 

3 

176 

56 

1 

1 

1 

3 

26 

3 

232 

3 

29 

6 

328 

6 

Wt 

23 

424 

190 

15 

29 

14 

6 

40 

23 

614 

58 

46 

To 

No 

0 

2 

0 

5 

8 

2376 

361 

64 

0 

2 

0 

15 

0 

0 

0 

0 

18 

20 

1 

12 

176 

0 

15 

2737 

99 

209 

25 

428 

al 

Wt 

0 

5 

0 

539 

164 

4951 

2388 

2008 

0 

35 

0 

446 

0 

0 

0 

0 

542 

50 

101 

128 

107 

0 

708 

7339 

3031 

386 

18.5 

317 
P.35 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date | 8/2/93I 

Start Time |~16\00| 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Staff IAD/ RA 

Hours of dayBght 

(during sampling) 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

~M 

HH 

[11591 HW Time n&57| LWTime Qoj]HWHt(m) | b~lLWHt(m) 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

1 

V 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poorcod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other species 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp. 

Brown shrimp 

No 

1 

3 

182 

8 

10 

3 

5 

5 

15 

4 

190 

18 

20 

1 

3 

1 

Wt 

5 

26 

218 

72 

287 

52 

186 

63 

58 

31 

290 

525 

121 

No 

3 

4 

5 

616 

153 

27 

8 

10 

3 

2 

29 

12 

769 

45 

34 

72 

2 

Wt 

22 

142 

40 

2216 

1T27 

723 

377 

383 

3 

29 

42 

204 

3343 

1483 

74 

No 

1 

768 

497 

21 

14 

2 

tl 

28 

1 

1265 

37 

29 

24 

3 

Wt 

35 

3192 

3599 

602 

629 

50 

3 

135 

35 

6791 

1281 

138 

NO 

2 

1 

984 

200 

14 

3 

3 

0 

3 

1184 

20 

0 

2 

40 

4 

Wt 

5 

54 

5504 

1728 

346 

76 

107 

602 

59 

Z232 

529 

602 

No 

672 

328 

28 

4 

0 

1000 

28 

4 

6 

64 

5 

Wt 

2552 

2544 

707 

12 

0 

5096 

707 

12 

No 

2 

400 

92 

10 

3 

1 

2 

20 

2 

492 

14 

22 

2 

176 

6 

Wt 

39 

1820 

808 

273 

85 

33 

5 

5 

39 

2628 

391 

10 

To 

No 

0 

2 

3 

9 

8 

3622 

1278 

110 

0 

0 

0 

31 

0 

0 

0 

0 

21 

6 

0 

7 

96 

22 

4900 

162 

109 

11 

379 

tal 

Wt 

0 

5 

22 

275 

66 

15502 

9878 

2938 

0 

0 

0 

1219 

0 

0 

0 

0 

759 

11 

0 

92 

854 

368 

25380 

4916 

957 

8.14 

280.5 
P.36 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

9/2/93 Staff |AD/ RA 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

pf6 ^ 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 7.81 

Salinity (ppt) | 29.61 

Tidal State [12 ^ HW Time [1§M LW Time 

Hours of daylight | 0.5j 

(during sampling) 

"lO^HWHt(m) | OlLWHt(m) 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

Tick fbr on 

Stage 1 

1 

V 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

(Fish weight th grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhern 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Eel (Anguilla) 

Other spp. 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

2 

2 

11 

116 

108 

12 

1 

14 

6 

6 

6 

1 

3 

15 

224 

33 

16 

4 

36 

1 

Wt 

7 

30 

98 

234 

894 

306 

9 

696 

157 

11 

60 

39 

5 

135 

1128 

1168 

115 

No 

2 

7 

7 

308 

260 

37 

1 

9 

6 

6 

6 

5 

16 

568 

S3 

17 

3 

108 

2 

Wt 

5 

154 

246 

1080 

2280 

932 

4 

350 

219 

11 

64 

49 

405 

3360 

1505 

124 

No 

2 

5 

320 

385 

63 

13 

2 

7 

4 

2 

11 

7 

705 

85 

17 

1 

48 

3 

Wt 

36 

62 

1400 

3975 

1592 

516 

44 

291 

13 

20 

19 

98 

5375 

2443 

52 

No 

420 

400 

18 

4 

2 

1 

2 

16 

0 

820 

24 

19 

6 

32 

4 

Wt 

1448 

3328 

538 

261 

88 

2 

29 

8 

0 

4776 

887 

39 

No 

1 

204 

166 

14 

1 

1 

29 

1 

370 

15 

30 

5 

30 

5 

Wt 

9 

712 

1352 

369 

24 

1 

33 

9 

2064 

393 

34 

No 

1 

89 

67 

11 

2 

3 

4 

11 

1 

156 

16 

15 

69 

6 

Wt 

13 

283 

542 

272 

68 

134 

10 

20 

13 

825 

474 

30 

To 

No 

0 

4 

0 

12 

24 

1457 

1386 

155 

0 

2 

0 

43 

O 

0 

2 

0 

24 

22 

0 

16 

1 

75 

40 

2843 

226 

114 

19 

323 

al 

Wt 

0 

12 

0 

229 

419 

5157 

12371 

4009 

0 

13 

0 

1915 

0 

0 

44 

0 

889 

48 

0 

173 

39 

134 

660 

17528 

6870 

394 

14.06 

239 
P.37 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 110/2/93I 

Start Time [TfM 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Staff AD/RJA 

Hours ofdayBght 

(during sampling) 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

IM 

~3O0l 

1 3 ^ HW Time f~2Cl20| LW Time 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

1 

V 

Tick for on 

Stage 

2 

V 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

lOl l HW Ht(mm) | 0 ^ LW Ht(mm) 

Stage 2 

1 

V 

2 

X 

3 

V 

4 

V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhern 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Smelt 

Otherspp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

11 

11 

180 

180 

35 

ii 

11 

2 

1 

16 

22 

360 

57 

19 

3 

96 

1 

Wt 

211 

251 

660 

T5t6 

750 

260 

439 

8 

90 

102 

462 

2176 

1449 

200 

No 

2 

13 

8 

252 

132 

51 

1 

4 

10 

3 

1 

1 

5 

23 

384 

66 

10 

2 

164 

2 

Wt 

0 

418 

45 

808 

1064 

1543 

42 

200 

339 

8 

4 

99 

43 

463 

1872 

2124 

154 

No 

1 

5 

6 

252 

216 

40 

1 

5 

6 

7 

20 

12 

468 

52 

27 

1 

48 

3 

Wt 

3 

175 

43 

724 

539 

1207 

224 

245 

275 

19 

13 

221 

t263 

1951 

32 

No 

2 

1 

304 

356 

30 

1 

1 

5 

16 

3 

660 

37 

16 

2 

8 

4 

Wt 

56 

9 

1180 

2976 

896 

13 

40 

245 

113 

65 

4156 

1194 

113 

NO 

1 

| 1 

256 

248 

23 

2 

7 

1 

31 

2 

504 

25 

39 

1 

160 

S 

Wt 

39. 

2 

1040 

2131 

525 

102 

20 

4 

50 

41 

3171 

627 

74 

No 

2 

1 

184 

257 

37 

2 

2 

9 

3 

33 

3 

441 

41 

45 

4 

324 

6 

Wt 

63 

4 

872 

2416 

1015 

73 

40 

21 

15 

45 

67 

3288 

1128 

81 

To 

No 

0 

3 

0 

34 

28 

1428 

1389 

216 

1 

2 

0 

25 

0 

0 

0 

0 

34 

28 

1 

5 

1 

121 

65 

2817 

278 

156 

13 

800 

al 

Wt 

0 

3 

0 

962 

354 

5284 

10642 

5936 

224 

55 

0 

920 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1338 

76 

90 

23 

99 

366 

1319 

15926 

8473 

654 

9.62 

592 
P.38 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 111/2/93I 

Start Time |laT 3 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 7.61 

Salinity (ppt) ["1631 

Tidal State | 14.09|HWTime 

CIV Pumps Running Tick for on 

Staff AD/RJA 

Hours ofdayBght 

(during sampling) 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

1*2101] LW Time | 9.7[HWHt(m) | 0.7lLWHt(m) 

1 

V 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Staqe2 

3 

V 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhern 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

1 

7 

4 

97 

62 

23 

9 

8 

3 

5 

13 

12 

159 

40 

21 

2 

72 

1 

Wt 

3 

279 

85 

254 

524 

603 

396 

256 

10 

28 

51 

367 

778 

1255 

89 

No 

1 

5 

11 

186 

99 

41 

1 

5 

10 

9 

3 

1 

26 

17 

285 

66 

30 

2 

188 

2 

Wt 

4 

135 

75 

454 

1012 

1047 

255 

44 

363 

319 

4 

4 

95 

214 

1466 

2028 

103 

No 

1 

4 

220 

94 

44 

1 

7 

6 

5 

1 

20 

5 

314 

58 

26 

2 

40 

3 

Wt 

32 

12 

606 

850 

1211 

15 

187 

15 

17 

3 

56 

44 

1456 

1428 

76 

No 

1 

246 

98 

30 

2 

9 

1 

10 

1 

344 

32 

20 

6 

28 

4 

Wt 

7 

828 

918 

709 

111 

23 

2 

31 

7 

1746 

820 

56 

No 

3 

216 

160 

55 

2 

1 

4 

19 

2 

27 

3 

376 

62 

48 

2 

36 

5 

Wt 

92 

836 

1372 

1467 

10 

12 

229 

38 

6 

22 

92 

2208 

1718 

66 

No 

2 

3 

138 

90 

28 

1 

2 

1 

6 

11 

5 

228 

32 

17 

2 

126 

6 

Wt 

26 

6 

398 

744 

755 

5 

48 

56 

11 

32 

32 

1142 

864 

43 

To 

No 

0 

2 

0 

15 

26 

1103 

603 

221 

1 

9 

0 

29 

0 

0 

0 

0 

30 

45 

0 

10 

107 

43 

1706 

290 

162 

16 

490 

al 

Wt 

0 

7 

0 

472 

277 

3376 

5420 

5792 

255 

74 

0 

1006 

0 

0 

0 

0 

986 

103 

0 

43 

287 

756 

8796 

8113 

433 

11.84 

362.6 
P.39 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 112/2/931 

Start Time |!&50l 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Sfa/rrAD/RJA 

Hours of daytght 

(during sampling) 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 7.5| 

Salinity (ppt) r~304l 

Tidal State | 14.541 HW Time I 21.-43J LWTime 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

jjHWHt(m ) r~14"lLWHt(m) 

1 

V 

Tick fbr on 

Stage 

2 

V 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

6 

9 

142 

53 

20 

3 

7 

3 

11 

15 

195 

30 

14 

3 

28 

1 

Wt 

101 

64 

401 

408 

546 

115 

310 

11 

198 

165 

809 

971 

209 

No 

7 

8 

238 

104 

22 

6 

4 

1 

2 

13 

15 

342 

32 

16 

2 

30 

2 

Wt 

280 

40 

997 

1010 

748 

264 

180 

3 

9 

87 

320 

2007 

1192 

99 

No 

6 

9 

468 

290 

32 

12 

17 

5 

2 

23 

15 

758 

61 

30 

40 

3. 

Wt 

152 

191 

1212 

2456 

1049 

556 

756 

12 

12 

53 

343 

3668 

2361 

77 

No 

1 

1 

3 

328 

252 

47 

3 

1 

8 

1 

21 

5 

580 

51 

30 

12 

4 

Wt 

4 

19 

15 

1540 

2262 

1524 

69 

5t 

19 

5 

23 

38 

3802 

1644 

47 

No 

2 

2 

1; 

680 

592 

29 

6 

7 

3 

3 

24 

5 

1272 

42 

30 

6 

168 

6 

Wt 

10 

67 

2 

2760 

5080 

1588 

190 

324 

8 

23 

141 

79 

7840 

2102 

172 

No 

2 

5 

328 

366 

6 

4 

3 

11 

10 

7 

694 

13 

21 

6 

120 

6 

Wt 

4 

99 

1308 

3145 

310 

160 

96 

27 

55 

103 

4453 

566 

82 

To 

No 

0 

5 

0 

22 

35 

2184 

1657 

156 

0 

0 

0 

34 

0 

0 

0 

0 

39 

28 

0 

11 

102 

62 

3841 

229 

141 

17 

398 

al 

Wt 

0 

18 

0 

619 

411 

8218 

14361 

5765 

0 

0 

0 

1354 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1717 

69 

0 

60 

557 

1048 

22579 

8836 

686 

1258 

294.5 
P.40 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

13/2/93 Staff [AD / RJA 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

roTog 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 7.5j 

Salinity (ppt) V^A 

Tidd State \ 03.19|HWTime | 03.59| LW Time 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

Hours ot daylight | ~5 

(during sampling) 

1 

V 

Tick for on 

Stage 

2 

X 

3 

V 

t 

4 

V 

"8^HWHt(m) 

Stage 2 

T§LWHt(m) 

1 

V 

2 

X 

3 

V 

4 

V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass j 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

6 

8 

16 

96 

69 

26 

5 

5 

5 

6 

10 

30 

165 

36 

21 

8 

100 

1 

Wt 

18 

220 

236 

294 

512 

635 

151 

175 

18 

31 

51 

474 

806 

961 

100 

No 

6 

14 

17 

103 

83 

33 

3 

12 

16 

3 

6 

11 

37 

186 

64 

20 

3 

27 

2 

Wt 

23 

522 

130 

296 

512 

1264 

12 

483 

514 

12 

35 

31 

675 

808 

2273 

78 

No 

3 

3 

3 

182 

68 

29 

9 

5 

1 

1 

4 

10 

9 

250 

43 

16 

2 

4 

3 

Wt 

14 

136 

21 

502 

681 

863 

307 

151 

4 

87 

40 

25 

171 

1183 

1321 

156 

No 

1, 

144 

65 

14 

6 

4 

3 

1 

3 

1 

209 

24 

7 

0 

5 

4 

Wt 

21 

369 

530 

430 

155 

176 

9 

4 

3 

21 

899 

761 

16 

No 

1 

1 

160 

57 

17 

1 

1 

1 

12 

2 

217 

19 

13 

1 

6 

Wt 

6 

1 

340 

463 

690 

6 

73 

3 

12 

7 

803 

769 

15 

NO 

1 

114 

21 

4 

1 

2 

1 

10 

1 

135 

5 

13 

6 

Wt 

2 

221 

193 

215 

30 

4 

19 

45 

2 

414 

245 

68 

To 

No 

0 

17 

0 

25 

38 

799 

363 

123 

0 

4 

0 

34 

0 

0 

0 

0 

30 

15 

1 

18 

56 

80 

1162 

191 

90 

13 

137 

al 

Wt 

0 

63 

0 

878 

409 

2022 

2891 

4097 

0 

18 

0 

1199 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1016 

50 

87 

129 

167 

1350 

4913 

6330 

433 

9.62 

101.4 
P.41 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Tone 

14/2/93 Staff | AD /RJA 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 6.9| 

Salinity (ppt) r306 l 

Tidal State ("04141 HW Time ROSS] LW Time 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

Hours of daySght 

(during sampling) 

all 

]a§HWHt(m) | 24}LWHt(m) 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting: 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-6 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout,. Norway 

Pout(oib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Otherspp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

2 

7 

6 

77 

39 

35 

1 

7 

3 

1 

3 

6 

15 

116 

46 

10 

1 

13 

1 

Wt 

8 

185 

40 

47 

436 

992 

3 

309 

71 

5 

17 

4 

233 

483 

1375 

26 

No 

1 

8 

6 

118 

33 

35 

1 

7 

10 

2 

3 

6 

15 

151 

53 

11 

1 

4 

2 

Wt 

4 

132 

22 

331 

360 

964 

109 

335 

421 

4 

29 

25 

158 

691 

1829 

58 

No 

1 

3 

1 

182 

74 

27 

1 

1 

4 

5 

1 

2 

5 

256 

38 

3 

1 

13 

3 

Wt 

1 

95 

6 

493 

682 

787 

47 

4 

101 

t30 

3 

1 

102 

1175 

1069 

4 

No 

1 

1 

358 

82 

23 

1 

3 

8 

3 

1 

8 

2 

440 

35 

12 

3 

4 

Wt 

24 

5 

1056 

707 

569 

3 

91 

257 

13 

5 

7 

29 

1763 

920 

25 

No 

218 

34 

10 

1 

1 

1 

8 

0 

252 

13 

8 

1 

6 

Wt 

395 

246 

234 

3 

29 

15 

5 

0 

641 

281 

5 

No 

1 

183 

7 

2 

3 

5 

1 

190 

5 

5 

3 

6 

Wt 

3 

284 

43 

40 

181 

9 

3 

327 

221 

9 

To 

No 

0 

2 

3 

19 

14 

1136 

269 

132 

2 

4 

0 

25 

0 

0 

0 

0 

27 

7 

0 

7 

35 

38 

1405 

190 

49 

3 

37 

al 

Wt 

0 

4 

12 

436 

73 

2606 

2474 

3586 

156 

13 

0 

1046 

0 

0 

0 

0 

894 

25 

0 

51 

51 

525 

5080 

5695 

127 

2.22 

27.38 
P.42 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

is/2/93| 

"09241 

Staff TAD/RJA 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Hours of daylight 

(during sampling) 

ALLI 

IM 

"305] 

| 05.241 HW Time | 12.13; LW Time | 7.5; HW Ht(m) | 2.9| LW Ht(m) 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight ih grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod: 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

1 

3 

2 

94 

24 

58 

2 

1 

4 

1 

2 

6 

118 

65 

3 

13 

1 

Wt 

3 

23 

57 

238 

191 

1654 

135 

17 

120 

3 

11 

83 

429 

1926 

14 

No 

1 

6 

3 

94 

25 

43 

2 

10 

2 

1 

6 

10 

119 

55 

9 

1 

3 

2 

Wt 

5 

116 

18 

299 

321 

1466 

78 

383 

6 

5 

200 

139 

620 

1927 

211 

No 

1 

3 

102 

39 

46 

6 

2 

9 

4 

141 

54 

9 

4 

3 

Wt 

41 

24 

246 

366 

1883 

145 

85 

8 

65 

612 

2113 

8 

No 

3 

111 

25 

30 

3 

1 

19 

3 

136 

34 

19 

4 

Wt 

6 

198 

193 

1221 

69 

29 

55 

6 

391 

1319 

55 

No 

1 

116 

31 

18 

2 

3 

19 

1 

147 

23 

19 

1 

6 

Wt 

38 

268 

199 

552 

35 

101 

6 

38 

467 

688 

6 

No 

71 

13 

3 

1 

1 

8 

0 

84 

4 

9 

7 

6 

Wt 

108 

178 

135 

15 

1 

9 

0 

286 

150 

10 

To 

No 

0 

2 

0 

11 

11 

588 

157 

198 

0 

0. 

0 

16 

0 

0 

0 

1 

20 

3 

0 

2 

63 

24 

745 

235 

68 

1 

28 

al 

Wt 

0 

8 

0 

218 

105 

1357 

1448 

6911 

0 

0 

0 

477 

0 

0 

0 

17 

718 

7 

0 

8 

289 

331 

2805 

8123 

304 

0.74 

20.72 
P.43 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording. Form 

Date 

Start Time 

16/2/93 Staff [AD/lRJA 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

rrrooi 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Hours of daylight 

(during sampling) 

M 

30.8 

06lBl HW Time | 13.491 LW Time 1 7.4| HW Ht(m) [ 2.9j LW Ht(m) 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

Tick for on 

Stage 1 

1 

X 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 2 

3| 4 

V | V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhern 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

1 

1 

5 

114 

47 

42 

1 

1 

4 

6 

7 

161 

48 

6 

7 

1 

Wt 

5 

19 

22 

281 

321 

1210 

19 

12 

141 

12 

46 

602 

1382 

12 

No 

2 

2 

3 

128 

47 

33 

12 

8 

7 

175 

45 

8 

1 

T 

2 

Wt 

10 

16 

21 

388 

560 

801 

354 

3 

47 

948 

1155 

3 

No 

1 

2 

3 

228 

75 

27 

1 

1 

6 

1 

13 

6 

303 

35 

14 

2 

3 

3 

Wt 

3 

13 

25 

616 

770 

809 

46 

11 

267 

3 

81 

41 

1386 

1133 

84 

No 

1 

316 

64 

28 

2 

3 

1 

16 

1 

380 

33 

17 

2 

4 

Wt 

10 

791 

642 

967 

130 

111 

11 

8 

10 

1433 

1208 

19 

No 

1 

316 

108 

27 

4 

4 

4 

31 

1 

424 

35 

35 

15 

6 

Wt 

5 

815 

874 

698 

255 

157 

15 

16 

5 

1689 

1110 

31 

No 

154 

38 

9 

1 

1 

1 

1 

15 

0 

192 

1t 

17 

6 

6 

Wt 

12 

378 

307 

262 

8 

134 

3 

7 

14 

12 

685 

404 

24 

To 

No 

0 

4 

0 

6 

12 

1256 

379 

166 

0 

1 

0 

9 

0 

0 

1 

1 

29 

6 

0 

2 

89 

22 

1635 

207 

97 

3 

40 

al 

Wt 

0 

18 

0 

58 

85 

3269 

3474 

4747 

0 

8 

0 

584 

0 

0 

11 

12 

1030 

21 

0 

18 

134 

161 

6743 

6392 

173 

222 

29.6 
P.44 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Dare 

Start Time 

17/2/93 

12161 

Staff AD/JC 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Hours of daylight [ 5| 

(during sampling) 

33 

lag 

108.131 HW Time | 15.08; LWTime 1 7.7jHWHt(m) | 25[LWHt(m) 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

2 

1 

1 

82 

73 

35 

6 

1 

2 

2 

3 

4 

155 

42 

7 

3 

13 

1 

Wt 

11 

9 

2 

335 

494 

1190 

183 

14 

285 

7 

94 

22 

829 

1387 

386 

No 

2 

4 

7 

192 

145 

43 

6 

1 

5 

4 

1 

22 

13 

337 

55 

27 

2 

28 

2 

Wt 

6 

171 

36 

618 

1182 

1441 

191 

16 

154 

10 

6 

36 

213 

1800 

1802 

52 

No 

1 

1 

1 

204 

307 

69 

5 

10 

1 

6 

3 

511 

84 

7 

4 

3 

Wt 

6 

6 

4 

982 

2553 

897 

82 

338 

3 

25 

16 

.3535 

1317 

28 

No 

0 

0 

0 

0 

4 

Wt 

0 

0 

0 

0 

No 

1 

192 

341 

46 

3 

2 

2 

18 

1 

533 

51 

20 

1 

4 

5 

Wt 

29 

652 

2552 

1784 

60 

123 

4 

84 

29 

3204 

1967 

88 

No 

123 

56 

6 

3 

1 

1 

14 

0 

179 

6 

19 

1 

79 

6 

Wt 

202 

393 

164 

5 

82 

30 

5 

. 0 

595 

164 

122 

To 

No 

0 

5 

0 

7 

9 

793 

922 

199 

0 

0 

0 

20 

0 

0 

0 

1 

18 

10 

3 

4 

63 

21 

1715 

238 

80 

7 

128 

al 

Wt 

0 

23 

0 

215 

42 

2789 

7174 

5476 

0 

0 

0 

516 

0 

0 

0 

16 

629 

22 

367 

43 

244 

280 

9963 

6637 

676 

5.18 

94.72 
P.45 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 118/2/93I 

Start Time | 13181 

Staff 1AD/JC 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Hours of daylight | 41 

(during sampling) 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Off 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 8.5j 

Salinity (ppt) [~30^ 

77da/State [09 ^ HW Time 1 16.07] LW Time 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

Stage 1 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

1 

X 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

3 

V 

4 

V 

T% HW Ht(mm) | 2.q LW Ht(mm) 

Stage 2 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

1 

4 

1 

64 

32 

27 

5 

10 

6 

96 

32 

10 

1 

6 

t 

Wt 

5 

62 

13 

131 

218 

918 

233 

8 

80 

349 

1151 

8 

No 

1 

3 

3 

44 

42 

27 

2 

2 

8 

6 

7 

86 

39 

6 

5 

4 

2 

Wt 

4 

74 

8 

96 

574 

782 

21 

61 

312 

15 

86 

670 

1176 

15 

No 

1 

112 

53 

31 

1 

5 

6 

7 

0 

165 

43 

7 

6 

3 

Wt 

37 

271 

444 

998 

32 

108 

253 

5 

0 

715 

1391 

5 

No 

1 

141 

108 

32 

1 

5 

6 

1 

11 

1 

249 

44 

12 

1 

9 

4 

Wt 

8 

500 

916 

965 

11 

146 

274 

3 

12 

8 

1416 

1396 

15 

No 

1 

189 

144 

24 

1 

1 

5 

1 

8 

1 

333 

26 

14 

2 

121 

6 

Wt 

6 

496 

1580 

616 

21 

53 

9 

-

5 

6 

6 

2076 

690 

20 

No 

1 

1 

272 

196 

20 

1 

2 

1 

11 

9 

2 

468 

24 

20 

2 

464 

6 

Wt 

5 

6 

680 

1518 

622 

7 

76 

44 

24 

18 

11 

2198 

749 

42 

To 

No 

1 

2 

1 

8 

6 

822 

575 

161 

1 

5 

0 

14 

0 

0 

0 

0 

27 

17 

0 

1 

51 

17 

1397 

208 

69 

11 

610 

al 

Wt 

37 

9 

5 

142 

35 

2174 

5250 

4901 

32 

60 

0 

391 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1169 

36 

0 

5 

64 

191 

7424 

6553 

105 

8.14 

451.4 
P.46 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

19/2/93 Staff AD/JC 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 8.2j 

Salinity (ppt) f~a^ l 

Tidal State 

Hours of daylight 

(during sampling) 33 

lOOOlHWTIme | 16.52| LWTime | 8.6;HWHt(m) | 17lLWHt(m) 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-8 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand gob/ 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other species 

Total fatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

32 

9 

9 

4 

1 

1 

1 

3 

0 

41 

14 

5 

6 

15 

1 

Wt 

81 

64 

236 

260 

42 

3 

6 

89 

0 

145 

538 

98 

No 

1 

76 

17 

10 

1 

2 

2 

1 

4 

1 

93 

13 

7 

2 

51 

2 

Wt 

1 

176 

97 

280 

46 

83 

6 

6 

2 

1 

273 

409 

14 

No 

1 

2 

2 

1 

139 

20 

13 

1 

1 

3 

7 

6 

159 

14 

11 

3 

37 

3 

Wt 

2 

11 

68 

9 

278 

147 

390 

20 

4 

14 

4 

90 

425 

410 

22 

No 

80 

32 

5 

1 

1 

1 

0 

112 

6 

2 

16 

4 

Wt 

220 

260 

125 

33 

1 

1 

0 

430 

158 

2 

No 

1 

172 

132 

10 

2 

4 

2 

6 

5 

1 

304 

16 

13 

12 

5 

Wt 

5 

605 

1027 

222 

73 

122 

6 

30 

2 

5 

1632 

417 

38 

1046 

No 

2 

1 

432 

216 

17 

2 

3 

3 

6 

3 

648 

19 

12 

1 

6 

Wt 

18 

7 

1464 

1480 

603 

87 

5 

12 

5 

25 

2944 

690 

22 

TO 

No 

0 

1 

4 

4 

2 

931 

426 

64 

0 

0 

0 

10 

0 

0 

0 

0 

8 

9 

0 

15 

26 

11 

t3S7 

82 

50 

24 

1165 

al 

Wt 

0 

2 

17 

86 

16 

2824 

3075 

1856 

0 

0 

0 

499 

0 

0 

0 

0 

267 

24 

0 

69 

103 

121 

5899 

2622 

196 

17.76 

8621 
P.47 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 120/2/93I 

Start Time | 14.34) 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Staff \ AD UC 

Hours of daytght 

(during sampling) 

2.51 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Off 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

8.2 

30.1 

CW Pumps Running 

Ta^HWTime piTM LWTime 

Tick for on 

J [] HW Ht(mm) 1 14 | LW Ht(mm) 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Rsh catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring. 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockfing^S-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe: 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Conger 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

No 

1 

1 

1 

46 

13 

8 

3 

2 

6 

3 

59 

13 

6 

1 

1 

Wt 

3 

44 

14 

112 

96 

197 

113 

33 

3 

61 

208 

343 

3 

No 

2 

48 

12 

6 

1 

1 

3 

3 

4 

2 

60 

11 

7 

2 

2 

Wt 

58 

91 

113 

260 

23 

7 

120 

21 

3 

58 

204 

410 

24 

No 

210 

27 

8 

1 

1 

1 

1 

9 

0 

237 

8 

13 

3 

Wt 

440 

231 

274 

3 

66 

5 

375 

7 

0 

671 

274 

456 

No 

0 

0 

0 

0 

4 

Wt 

0 

0 

0 

0 

No 

2 

2 

1 

1808 

144 

38 

8 

1 

3 

1 

3 

5 

1952 

47 

7 

1 

5 

Wt 

10 

72 

9 

4620 

1136 

1067 

187 

32 

9 

2 

19 

91 

5756 

1286 

30 

No 

1 

3 

1 

1724 

51 

4 

3 

1 

10 

5 

1775 

4 

14 

1 

6 

Wt 

2 

42 

1 

2340 

547 

7 

2 

45 

2887 

0 

9 

To 

No 

0 

2 

2 

8 

3 

3836 

247 

60 

1 

0 

0 

16 

0 

0 

0 

0 

6 

7 

1 

6 

1 

32 

15 

4083 

83 

47 

5 

al 

Wt 

0 

5 

10 

216 

24 

7603 

2123 

1798 

23 

0 

0 

307 

0 

0 

0 

0 

185 

19 

66 

30 

375 

32 

255 

9726 

2313 

522 

3.7 

Brown shrimp 38 67 1792 732 2638 1952 
P.48 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

21/2/93 Staff |JC/RB~ 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

nm 

Detenent System Operating Detaite 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Hours of daylght 

(during sampling) 

2.5 

8.71 

30.5 

1113 HW Time pi&Oll LW Time 1 9^1 HW Ht(m) ["~13] LW Ht(m) 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod, 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Conger 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

25 

8 

3 

2 

2 

3 

0 

33 

7 

3 

9 

1 

Wt 

40 

45 

190 

68 

85 

4 

0 

85 

343 

4 

No 

3 

46 

6 

3 

2 

3 

52 

3 

2 

1 

2 

Wt 

86 

88 

41 

213 

2 

86 

129 

213 

2 

No 

121 

7 

6 

1 

3 

0 

128 

7 

3 

1 

3 

Wt 

280 

54 

235 

16 

5 

0 

334 

251 

5 

No 

189 

11 

6 

3 

3 

1 

1 

15 

0 

200 

12 

17 

3 

9 

4 

Wt 

456 

208 

227 

70 

124 

2 

6 

20 

0 

664 

421 

28 

No 

2 

166 

8 

2 

2 

2 

1 

15 

2 

174 

4 

18 

t 

52 

6 

Wt 

4 

370 

83 

46 

98 

4 

239 

11 

4 

453 

144 

254 

No 

1 

222 

108 

6 

2 

2 

9 

1 

330 

10 

9 

2 

178 

6 

Wt 

1 

684 

338 

140 

46 

37 

4 

1 

1 

1022 

223 

4 

TO 

No 

0 

0 

0 

3 

3 

769 

148 

26 

0 

0 

0 

10 

0 

0 

0 

0 

7 

3 

0 

1 

1 

47 

6 

917 

43 

52 

6 

250 

at 

Wt 

0 

0 

0 

86 

5 

1918 

769 

1051 

0 

0 

0 

298 

0 

0 

0 

0 

246 

6 

0 

6 

239 

46 

91 

2687 

1595 

297 

4.44 

185 
P.49 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time ris^oi 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Staff | JC/RB/JB 

Hours of daylight \ 2\ 

(during sampling) 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Ott 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

8.4 

3111 

11441 HW Time Rk^ l LWTime 1 SL3JHWHt(m) (~T2lLWHt(m) 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

1 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poorcod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp: 

No 

2 

2 

21 

7 

14 

1 

8 

1 

2 

4 

28 

23 

3 

3 

4 

1 

Wt 

52 

9 

37 

65 

673 

64 

232 

3 

60 

61 

102 

969 

63 

No 

45 

2 

12 

1 

1 

4 

1 

1 

0 

47 

18 

2 

13 

2 

Wt 

80 

14 

304 

41 

129 

146 

4 

1 

0 

94 

620 

5 

No 

4 

408 

70 

39 

. 7 

8 

10 

9 

16 

4 

478 

54 

35 

1 

366 

3 

Wt 

87 

1059 

759 

1177 

293 

179 

29 

45 

96 

87 

1818 

1649 

170 

No 

2 

3 

1 

400 

112 

20 

5 

3 

1 

1 

1 

29 

6 

512 

28 

32 

3 

464 

4 

Wt 

9 

79 

5 

7376 

1076 

730 

233 

124 

4 

480 

5 

11 

93 

8452 

1087 

500 

No 

256 

32 

8 

1 

2 

1 

31 

0 

288 

9 

34 

1 

38 

6 

Wt 

670 

288 

163 

58 

2 

6 

19 

0 

958 

221 

27 

No 

2 

1 

272 

58 

21 

6 

1 

22 

3 

330 

28 

22 

3 

90 

6 

Wt 

31 

1 

635 

504 

702 

187 

9 

17 

32 

1139 

898 

17 

To 

No 

0 

2 

0 

11 

4 

1402 

281 

114 

1 

0 

0 

21 

0 

0 

0 

0 

24 

13 

1 

13 

101 

17 

1683 

160 

128 

f t 

975 

al 

Wt 

0 

9 

0 

249 

15 

9857 

2706 

3749 

41 

0 

0 

964 

0 

0 

0 

0 

690 

35 

480 

63 

204 

273 

12563 

5444 

782 

e.14 

721.5 
P.50 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

23/2/93| Staff UC I RB I JB 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

Hours of daySght 

(during sampling) 

1.5 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 7.81 

Salinity (ppt) | 31.7 [ 

Tidal State | 12.151 HW Time | 18.54| LW Time 

CW Pumps Running 

2 H HW Ht(m) I TTj LW Ht(m) 

1 

Tick for on 

Stage 1 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

3 

67 

8 

2 

1 

2 

1 

2 

6 

3 

75 

6 

8 

1 

6 

1 

Wt 

15 

136 

60 

77 

6 

103 

42 

10 

32 

15 

196 

228 

42 

No 

1 

2 

124 

11 

8 

2 

3 

2 

6 

3 

135 

13 

8 

1 

17 

2 

Wt 

58 

27 

317 

97 

244 

127 

100 

46 

5 

85 

414 

471 

51 

No 

3 

520 

57 

45 

7 

8 

5 

2 

18 

3 

577 

60 

25 

2 

471 

3 

Wt 

48 

1250 

634 

1080 

270 

295 

14 

13 

34 

48 

1884 

1645 

61 

No 

1 

2 

484 

53 

43 

2 

2 

3 

1 

32 

3 

537 

47 

36 

4 

83 

4 

Wt 

12 

82 

1312 

577 

1484 

101 

64 

6 

4 

47 

94 

1889 

1649 

57 

No 

272 

15 

3 

2 

2 

25 

0 

287 

5 

27 

2 

60 

5 

Wt 

643 

134 

67 

37 

3 

11 

0 

777 

104 

14 

No 

4 

384 

76 

10 

1 

1 

5 

22 

4 

460 

12 

27 

2 

155 

6 

Wt 

83 

1240 

768 

185 

21 

55 

11 

10 

83 

2008 

261 

21 

To 

No 

0 

0 

1 

10 

5 

1851 

220 

111 

0 

1 

0 

16 

0 

0 

0 

0 

15 

15 

0 

7 

109 

16 

2071 

143 

131 

12 

792 

al 

Wt 

0 

0 

12 

271 

42 

4898 

2270 

3137 

0 

6 

0 

659 

0 

0 

0 

0 

556 

34 

0 

73 

139 

325 

7168 

4358 

246 

8.88 

586.1 
P.51 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Dafe 

Start Time 

24/2/93 Staff JC/RNB/JB 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

[1535! 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature | 6.91 

Salinity (ppt) | 3101 

Tidal State \ 12.46; HW Time | 19.221 LWTime 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

Stage 1 

Fish Catch 

Hours ofdaySght | 1| 

(during sampling) 

~9Tol HW Ht(mm) [ 1.21 LW Ht(mm) 

1 

X 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

1 

V 

2 

X 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

1 

104 

14 

15 

3 

12 

1 

3 

6 

1 

118 

30 

10 

1 

11 

1 

Wt 

6 

246 

108 

626 

278 

449 

2 

13 

25 

6 

354 

1353 

40 

No 

1 

5 

2 

266 

56 

8 

4 

5 

1 

3 

11 

8 

322 

17 

15 

4 

90 

2 

Wt 

2 

112 

7 

.755 

666 

268 

152 

283 

3 

14 

37 

121 

1421 

703 

54 

No 

1 

3 

4 

407 

96 

20 

10 

8 

1 

1 

34 

8 

503 

38 

36 

1 

327 

3 

Wt 

3 

24 

12 

1261 

769 

761 

357 

236 

1 

5 

72 

39 

2030 

1354 

78 

No 

2 

1 

2 

344 

37 

26 

4 

3 

6 

33 

5 

381 

33 

39 

2 

86 

4 

Wt 

7 

25 

11 

992 

412 

679 

149 

83 

12 

85 

43 

1404 

911 

97 

No 

1 

377 

45 

9 

2 

2 

1 

21 

1 

422 

11 

24 

7 

32 

6 

Wt 

8 

805 

478 

232 

134 

4 

5 

7 

8 

1283 

366 

16 

No 

2 

676 

101 

25 

7 

2 

23 

2 

777 

34 

23 

500 

6 

Wt 

19 

2176 

1086 

583 

115 

36 

12 

19 

3262 

734 

12 

To 

No 

0 

2 

2 

12 

9 

2174 

349 

103 

0 

0 

0 

30 

0 

0 

0 

0 

30 

11 

0 

8 

128 

25 

2523 

163 

147 

15 

1046 

al 

Wt 

0 

5 

7 

188 

36 

6235 

3519 

3149 

0 

0 

0 

1185 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1087 

22 

0 

37 

238 

236 

9754 

5421 

297 

11.1 

774 
P.52 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 

Start Time 

25/2/93J Staff TJC/RNB/JB 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Hours of daySght 

(during sampling) 

7.7 

"33^1 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

13?!^ HW Time \l9l\] LW Time | 9.1| HW Ht(mm) | 1.4} LW Ht(mm) 

Tick for on 

Stage 1 

1 

X 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Others 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

3 

1 

126 

24 

14 

9 

10 

2 

1 

8 

4 

150 

33 

11 

1 

8 

1 

Wt 

48 

7 

293 

202 

495 

221 

460 

6 

38 

3 

55 

495 

1176 

47 

No 

1 

97 

37 

21 

8 

4 

1 

4 

8 

1 

134 

33 

13 

1 

50 

2 

Wt 

72 

200 

272 

639 

260 

93 

2 

39 

9 

72 

472 

992 

50 

No 

1 

181 

70 

36 

2 

4 

4 

15 

1 

251 

42 

19 

1 

63 

3 

Wt 

7 

492 

569 

1340 

33 

159 

8 

7 

7 

1061 

1532 

15 

No 

2 

1 

147 

72 

27 

6 

5 

8 

28 

3 

219 

38 

36 

4 

75 

4 

Wt 

7 

10 

393 

595 

776 

123 

213 

20 

19 

17 

988 

1112 

39 

No 

1 

1 

1 

212 

76 

27 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

22 

3 

288 

33 

25 

2 

53 

5 

Wt 

2 

16 

9 

440 

688 

838 

23 

80 

63 

8 

1 

26 

27 

1128 

1004 

35 

No 

1 

320 

196 

22 

1 

2 

24 

1 

516 

23 

26 

3 

108 

6 

Wt 

24 

848 

1660 

526 

31 

2 

72 

24 

2508 

557 

74 

To 

No 

0 

0 

3 

7 

3 

1083 

475 

147 

0 

2 

0 

28 

0 

0 

0 

0 

25 

17 

3 

5 

105 

13 

1558 

202j 

130 

12 

357 

al 

Wt 

0 

0 

9 

170 

23 

2666 

3986 

4614 

0 

23 

0 

748 

0 

0 

0 

0 

988 

38 

46 

40 

136 

202 

6652 

6373 

260 

8.88 

264.2 
P.53 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date |26/2/93| 

Start Time \ 17.33| 

Staff |JC/RB/JB 

Off 

V 

n/a 

On 

n/a 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature 

Salinity (ppt) 

Tidal State 

Hours of daylight 

(during sampling) 

0.5 

CW Pumps Running 

Fish Catch 

131^ HW Time I 20.26J LW Time | 8.9j HW Ht(mm) | 1.7) LW Ht(mm) 

Tick for on 

Stage 1 

1 

X 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

1 

X 

2 

V 

Stage 

3 

V 

2 

4 

V 

(Fish weight in grams) 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice. 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Palaemon spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

16 

12 

9 

1 

3 

5 

0 

28 

10 

8 

1 

2 

1 

Wt 

28 

291 

265 

29 

24 

88 

0 

319 

294 

112 

No 

4 

170 

60 

9 

4 

2 

2 

36 

4 

230 

15 

38 

212 

2 

Wt 

104 

356 

432 

224 

199 

46 

4 

21 

104 

788 

469 

25 

No 

1 

1 

168 

135 

23 

5 

6 

5 

3 

43 

2 

303 

34 

51 

1 

209 

3 

Wt 

4 

9 

356 

1014 

680 

115 

235 

14 

20 

53 

13 

1370 

1030 

87 

NO 

1 

2 

156 

169 

45 

4 

1 

1 

25 

3 

325 

50 

26 

2 

84 

4 

Wt 

14 

21 

424 

1381 

1242 

160 

24 

3 

88 

35 

1805 

1426 

91 

No 

1 

242 

76 

18 

1 

1 

1 

21 

1 

318 

20 

22 

6 

5 

Wt 

6 

486 

564 

712 

13 

26 

2 

7 

6 

1050 

751 

9 

No 

2 

244 

254 

15 

2 

2 

2 

1 

12 

2 

498 

19 

15 

120 

6 

Wt 

46 

650 

1014 

381 

41 

17 

3 

4 

20 

46 

1664 

439 

27 

To 

No 

0 

1 

1 

3 

7 

996 

706 

119 

0 

1 

0 

17 

0 

0 

0 

0 

11 

11 

0 

7 

142 

12 

1702 

143 

160 

4 

633 

al 

Wt 

0 

4 

6 

60 

134 

2300 

4696 

3504 

0 

13 

0 

570 

0 

0 

0 

0 

322 

26 

0 

48 

277 

204 

6996 

4409 

351 

2.96 

468.4 
P.54 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 

HEYSHAM FISH DETERRENT TRIALS 

Data Recording Form 

Date 127/2/93) 

StartTime | 18.04} 

Sfaff |JC/RNB/JB 

Off 

n/a 

On 

V 

n/a 

Deterrent System Operating Details 

Bubble Curtain 

Sound System 

Physical Measurements 

Water Temperature I 6.21 

Salinity (ppt) | 31.81 

Tidal State | 14.13|HWTime | 20.57] LW Time 

CW Pumps Running Tick for on 

Stage 1 

Hours of daylight 

(during sampling) 

Fish Catch (Fish weight in grams) 

1 

X 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

1 

X 

2 

V 

3 

V 

4 

V 

JM5J HW Ht(mm) | 2.1| LW Ht(mm) 

Stage 2 

Sampling Hour 

Species 

Bass 

Dover sole 

Dab 

Flounder 

Plaice 

Sprat 

Herring 

Whiting 

Cod 

Poor cod 

Rockling, 3-B 

Rockling, 5-B 

Rockling, Norhem 

Saithe 

Pollack 

Pout, Norway 

Pout (bib) 

Sand goby 

Silver eel 

Hooknose 

Other spp 

Total flatfish 

Total clupeids 

Total gadoids 

Total other spp 

Brown shrimp 

No 

2 

28 

15 

8 

5 

1 

8 

2 

43 

13 

9 

5 

1 

Wt 

18 

53 

109 

292 

216 

9 

58 

18 

162 

508 

67 

No 

1 

2 

2 

114 

34 

17 

7 

1 

13 

5 

148 

24 

14 

60 

2 

Wt 

17 

74 

11 

238 

241 

598 

297 

4 

7 

102 

479 

895 

11 

No 

3 

142 

46 

25 

8 

5 

3 

2 

33 

3 

188 

38 

38 

53 

3 

Wt 

164 

334 

466 

729 

420 

118 

6 

14 

50 

164 

800 

1267 

70 

No 

1 

2 

136 

51 

26 

1 

1 

3 

9 

3 

187 

28 

12 

37 

4 

Wt 

6 

63 

^309 

392 

702 

29 

21 

4 

6 

69 

701 

752 

10 

No 

268 

64 

13 

1 

1 

3 

19 

0 

332 

15 

22 

59 

5 

Wt 

576 

568 

517 

26 

40 

6 

7 

0 

1144 

583 

13 

No 

1 

264 

156 

14 

2 

1 

2 

26 

1 

420 

17 

28 

130 

6 

Wt 

30 

600 

1192 

383 

49 

50 

4 

16 

30 

1792 

482 

20 

To 

No 

0 

0 

1 

4 

9 

952 

366 

103 

0 

0 

0 

24 

0 

0 

0 

0 

8 

11 

0 

4 

108 

14 

1318 

135 

123 

344 

tal 

Wt 

0 

0 

17 

110 

256 

2110 

2968 

3221 

0 

0 

0 

1037 

0 

0 

0 

0 

229 

20 

0 

27 

144 

383 

5078 

4487 

191 

254.6 
P.55 

APPENDIX 2 

Table A2.1 

Data Used for Multiple Regression Analvsis 

INDEPENDANT VARIABLES 

TEMP. 

6.5 

6.5 

6.5 

6.5 

6.5 

6.5 

6.8 

6.8 

6.8 

6.8 

6.8 

6.8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

7.9 

7.9 

7.9 

7.9 

7.9 

7.9 

7.5 

7.5 

7.5 

7.5 

7.5 

7.5 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

SALINITY 

<PPt) 

28.3 

28.3 

28.3 

28.3 

28.3 

28.3 

28.1 

28.1 

28.1 

28.1 

28.1 

28.1 

29 

29 

29 

29 

29 

29 

30 

30 

30 

30 

30 

30 

30.4 

30.4 

30.4 

30.4 

30.4 

30.4 

30.6 

30.6 

30.6 

30.6 

30.6 

30.6 

30.8 

30.8 

30.8 

30.8 

30.8 

30.8 

LIGHT/DARK 

(0/1) 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

TIDE HEIGHT 

(m) 

5.2 

3.7 

2.6 

2.6 

3.8 

5.4 

5.1 

3.3 

2.0 

2.0 

3.5 

5.4 

4.9 

2.5 

0.8 

0.8 

2.8 

5.3 

5.0 

2.7 

0.9 

0.9 

2.9 

5.4 

5.2 

3.4 

2.0 

2.0 

3.5 

5.5 

5.2 

4.1 

3.2 

3.2 

4.2 

5.4 

5.0 

4.0 

3.2 

3.2 

4.1 

5.2 

BUBBLES 

On/Off (0/1) 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

DEPENDANT 

VARIABLES 

FISH 

No./hour 

134 

68 

56 

48 

168 

462 

296 

125 

129 

117 

558 

687 

232 

860 

1331 

1213 

1032 

530 

458 

483 

564 

716 

570 

530 

253 

405 

864 

666 

1346 

735 

187 

230 

302 

489 

273 

211 

180 

235 

357 

431 

495 

219 

C. crangon 

No./hour 

3 

3 

2 

1 

117 

393 

8 

2 

11 

11 

117 

828 

3 

72 

24 

40 

64 

176 

96 

164 

48 

8 

160 

324 

28 

30 

40 

12 

168 

120 

13 

4 

13 

3 

1 

3 

7 

7 

3 

2 

15 

6 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.56 

Table A2.1 (CONTINUED) 

Data Used for Multiple Regression Analysis 

INDEPENDANT VARIABLES 

TEMP. 

7.8 

8.5 

8.5 

8.5 

8.5 

8.5 

8.5 

8.2 

8.2 

8.2 

8.2 

8.2 

8.2 

8.4 

8.4 

8.4 

8.4 

8.4 

8.4 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9 

6.9 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7.2 

7.2 

7.2 

7.2 

7.2 

7.2 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

SALINITY 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.1 

30.1 

30.1 

30.1 

30.1 

30.1 

31.1 

31.1 

31.1 

31.1 

31.1 

31.1 

31 

. 31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

28 

28 

28 

28 

28 

28 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

27.9 

29.6 

LIGHT/DARK 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

TIDE HEIGHT 

5.0 

3.6 

2.5 

2.5 

3.7 

5.3 

5.1 

3.3 

2.0 

2.0 

3.5 

5.4 

5.1 

3.2 

1.8 

1.8 

3.4 

5.5 

5.1 

3.2 

1.8 

1.8 

3.4 

5.4 

5.2 

3.5 

2.2 

2.2 

3.7 

5.5 

5.0 

3.0 

1.4 

1.4 

3.2 

5.3 

4.9 

2.7 

1.0 

1.0 

2.9 

5.3 

5.0 

BUBBLES 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

DEPENDANT 

VARIABLES 

FISH 

144 

138 

216 

306 

374 

514 

81 

79 

258 

1004 

1004 

1799 

58 

67 

571 

578 

331 

383 

159 

362 

585 

458 

459 

825 

46 

285 

426 

404 

361 

534 

41 

56 

218 

435 

181 

316 

88 

103 

760 

1288 

438 

267 

285 

C. crangon 

6 

4 

6 

9 

121 

464 

38 

9 

67 

896 

896 

732 

4 

13 

366 

464 

38 

90 

11 

90 

327 

86 

32 

500 

2 

212 

209 

84 

6 

120 

3 

2 

2 

4 

143 

364 

8 

8 

4 

1 

80 

328 

36 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.57 

Table A2.1 (CONTINUED) 

Data Used for Multiple Regression Analvsis 

INDEPENDANT VARIABLES 

TEMP. 

7.5 

7.5 

7.5 

7.5 

7.5 

7.5 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

7.5 

7.5 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.2 

8.2 

8.2 

8.2 

8.2 

8.2 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

8.7 

7.8 

7.8 

SALINITY 

29.6 

29.6 

29.6 

29.6 

29.6 

30.3 

30.3 

30.3 

30.3 

30.3 

30.3 

30.4 

30.4 

30.4 

30.4 

30.4 

30.4 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

29.9 

29.9 

29.9 

29.9 

29.9 

29.9 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

30.5 

31.7 

31.7 

LIGHT/DARK 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

0 

1 

TIDE HEIGHT 

2.6 

0.8 

0.8 

2.8 

5.4 

5.1 

3.0 

1.4 

1.4 

3.2 

5.4 

5.1 

3.5 

2.3 

2.3 

3.7 

5.4 

5.0 

4.0 

3.2 

3.2 

4.1 

5.2 

5.0 

3.8 

2.9 

2.9 

3.9 

5.2 

5.1 

3.4 

2.2 

2.2 

3.6 

5.3 

5.2 

3.3 

1.9 

1.9 

3.5 

5.4 

5.1 

BUBBLES 

3.2 1 

DEPENDANT 

VARIABLES 

FISH 

649 

803 

847 

387 

188 

232 

398 

304 

397 

489 

282 

251 

307 

318 

241 

251 

154 

192 

T93 

208 

192 

190 

97 

208 

4 32 

403 

404 

403 

204 

60 

114 

190 

120 

334 

682 

43 

60 

138 

229 

198 

350 

92 

159 

C. crangon 

108 

48 

32 

30 

69 

72 

188 

40 

28 

36 

126 

100 

27 

4 

5 

1 

1 

13 

3 

4 

1 

1 

7 

13 

28 

4 

1 

4 

79 

15 

51 

37 

16 

1046 

1592 

9 

1 

1 

9 

52 

178 

6 

17 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd 
P.58 

Table A2.1 (CONTINUED) 

Data Used for Multiple Regression Analvsis 

INDEPENDANT VARIABLES 

TEMP. 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

7.8 

7.7 

7.7 

7.7 

7.7 

7.7 

7.7 

6.2 

6.2 

6.2 

6.2 

6.2 

6.2 

SALINITY 

31.7 

31.7 

31.7 

31.7 

33 

33 

33 

33 

33 

33 

31.8 

31.8 

31.8 

31.8 

31.8 

31.8 

LIGHT/DARK TIDE HEIGH1 

1.7 

1.7 

3.4 

5.4 

5.2 

3.3 

2.0 

2.0 

3.5 

5.4 

5.2 

3.6 

2.4 

2.4 

3.7 

5.4 

BUBBLES 

DEPENDANT 

VAR ABLES 

FISH 

665 

623 

319 

503 

198 

181 

313 

280 

349 

566 

67 

191 

267 

230 

369 

466 

C. crangor 

471 

83 

60 

155 

8 

50 

63 

75 

53 

108 

5 

60 

53 

37 

59 

130 

FAWLEY aquatic research laboratories Ltd