Presented by: Car ol Hetfield , En vir onmental Pr otection Agency Kat herine Sleasman , En vir onmental Pr otection Agency2



# Pr esen tat ion Outline

 

### EP A’ s Concern for Isocy anates, SPF and other Po lyur ethane Pr oducts  

### Pa rtner ships & Stewar dship Goals  

### Challeng es & Pr ogr ess  

### Backgr ound on TSCA Isocy anates Action Plans  

### Other Activities  Information Gathering Appr oaches  Vo luntary Information R equest Let te r on Curing Rat es of PU Products  Te st Method Development  Significant New Use Rule (SNUR) 

###  

### Summary  

### Information Sour ces

EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics3 

# EP A’ s Concerns for Isocy ana te s and Po lyur ethane Pr oducts  

### SPF and other polyurethane pr oducts c an be mix ed, applied, and/ or manufactured on - sit e in a home, school, or other buildings.  

### Diisocy anates in v apor s, aer osols, and dust c an c ause:  

### Asthma, respir ato ry & br eathing pr oblems,  

### Skin, eye, and dermal irrit ation,  

### Sensitiz ation, and  

### Can trigg er severe asthma atta cks in sensitiz ed per sons, even at very low levels.  

### Amine c ata lysts, flame ret ar dan ts, blowing ag en ts and other ingredien ts or reaction pr oducts, such as aldeh ydes, ma y also c ause health and en vir onmen ta l e ffects.

EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics4



# Pa rtner ships

 

### Fe der al P artner ship:  US En vir onmental Pr otection Agency  Occupa tional Safety and Health Adminis tr at ion  Na tional Ins titute for Occupa tional Safety and Health  The Consumer Pr oduct Safety Commission (CPSC)  The Agency fo r T

ox ic Subs tances and Disease R egis try (A TSDR) 

###  

### Eng ag emen t with Industry R epr esen tatives:  American Chemis try Council (ACC)  ACC ’s Center For P olyur ethanes Indus try (CPI)  Spr ayPo lyur ethane Foam Alliance (SPFA), r epr esenting applicator s  Individual Chemical and P olyur ethane Pr oduct Manufactur er s EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics5



# St ew ar dship Goals • Avo idance of misleading or deceptiv e mark eting claims. 

# • Communication of haz ar ds, as well as benefits of SPF.  

### Dev elop & adopt pr actices to pr event harmful e xposur es:  

### Ensur e w ork er s ar e tr ained on haz ar ds, pr ocessing and equipmen t, curing r ate s, performance, as well as communicating with other s.  

### Ensur e w orksite isolated and r es trict ed to work er s we aring appr opriate per sonal pr otectiv e equipmen t (PPE).  

### Pr ovide guidance on safe r e - occupancy times and ve nt ilation.  

### Addr ess r esear ch needs and data g aps. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics6 

# Challeng e – Misleading and/ or Deceptiv e Mark eting Claims

 

### “No off — ga ssing,” “non — to xic,” “g re en, “ “e nv ir onmen ta lly friendly ,” “plant - based,” “made fr om soy beans,” etc.  

### Lit tle ma y be r evealed about chemical ingr edien ts and potential haz ar ds/risks.  

### DIY pr ogr ams showing impr oper pr otection.  

### On - line videos showing un tr ained/unpr otected application of pr oducts.

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# Pr ogr ess in Addr essing Misleading Mark eting Claims  

### US F eder al Tra de Commission (FT C) Gr een Guides  

### Enhanced Ener gy Star R esiden tial Insulation P artner ship Re quir emen ts:  Clear and specific safe installation pr actices and PPE.  Documentation fo r performance and environmental claims.  Safety Data Sheets on chemical reactants with haz ard information listed.  Safe re - entry times for other work ers and home occupants after installation. 

###  

### Indus try guidance -  http://www .spraypolyurethane.org / GreenMarketingClaims  Guidance for Videos or Images Showing Spray Polyurethane Fo am (SPF) Application  Guidance on OSHA’s Revised Communication Standard: Globally Harmoniz ed System (GHS) of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals AX500 January 2013;  Haz ard Information to Consider when Labeling of Diphen ylmethane Diisocy anate (MDI), polymeric MDI and Isocyanate - terminated MDI prepolymers Containing Products for the Consumer Mark etplace . EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics8 

# Challeng e – Haz ar d Communic at ion
 

### Ava ilability of Safety Data Sheets (SDSs).  

### Haz ar d and e xposur e contr ol information ma y v ary .  

### Re commendations on r espir ator y pr otection, including guidance on pr otection for “ adjacen t work er s.”  

### Although adequate v en tilation described as needed, lit tle guidance on what constitutes adequate ventilation and methods.  

### Iden tification that skin contact ma y cause an aller gic re action and sensitiz ation.  

### Iden tification that dust can be gener ate d during cut ting or abr asiv e pr ocesses. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics9



# Pr ogr ess in Addr essing Haz ar d Communic at ions

 

### Fe der al – US EP

A Spr ayP olyur ethane F oam website, OSHA ’s Gr een Jobs site and National Emphasis Pr ogr am, NIOSH ALERTS, numer ous r esour ces and information pag es acr oss feder al Ag ency websites on isocy anates and other chemical haz ar ds (see r esour ces).  

### Indus try - Pr oduct stewar dship activities:  Fa ct sheets, technical bulletins, websites & portals, see http:// spr ay polyur ethane.or g/ default.asp x  Other - Spray Fo am Mag azines, indus try newsletter s, blogs, Green Building webinar s, t echnical panels at confer ences, goals in pr oduct sus tainability s tandards. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics10



# EP A’ s Appr oach to Bes t Pr actices  

### Iden tify es ta blished pr actices fo r engineering or pr ocess efficiencies & contr ol technologies to r educe e xposur es and en vir onmen ta l r eleases,  

### Re view e xis ting work er tr aining materials & pr actices addr essing the use of PPE and contr ol technologies, and  

### Solicit re commendations for innov ative pr actices fr om indus try and field e xperts, capturing the following:  Identify job r elated tasks.  Safe w ork pr actice(s).  Exposur e reduction/pr evention potential of the safe w ork pr actice.  Other r elevant information (i.e., pr os and cons) associated with the safe w ork pr actice. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics11 

# EP A Guidance  

### Checklis ts fo r ins ta ller s and communicating with homeowner s.  

### Ve nt ilation Guidance for SPF Applications/ Aut omotiv e Shops.  

### Self- ev aluation tool for contr act or s of pr actices and st rate gies to pr otect work er s and pr omote the safe use of polyur ethane pr oducts. 

## • Pe riodic assessment tool of their curr ent pr actices and identify ar eas for impr ovement. 

## • Includes the following:  Over 175 Activities (safer workplace pr actices).  Po te ntial for exposur e & impact on work er exposur e.  Four k ey - oper ation phases: on - going , pr e - application, application, and post - application. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics12



# Challeng e - Tr aining

 

### Ensur e that all work er s re ceiv e compr ehensiv e tr aining on haz ar ds, curing r ate , performance, equipmen t and pr ocessing, as w ell as communicating with other s, including homeowner s.  

### Ensur e pr emises ar e r es trict ed to work er s wearing appr opriate per sonal pr otectiv e equipmen t (PPE).  

### Innov ative solutions to pr event chemical migr ation should continue to be developed and shar ed t o ensur e indus try - wide pr actice.  

### Ensur e homeowner s, teacher s and students, and the ge ner al public ar e not e xposed to haz ar dous chemicals during and after polyur ethane pr oduct applications. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics13



# Pr ogr ess in Tra ining

 

### Indus try – ACC ’s o n - line H&S tr aining & testing cour ses:  

### Low Pr essure SPF Chemical Health and Safety Tra ining  

### High Pr essure SPF Chemical Health and Safety Tra ining  See http:// spr ay polyurethane.org /SPF - Chemical - Health - and Safety - Tr aining 

###  

### SPFA certification and accr edit ation pr ogr am:  

### SPF Pr ofessional Certification Pr ogr am (PCP) fo r assis tants, ins taller s, mas ter ins taller s, pr ogr am manager s, and field exa miner , see htt p://www .spr ay fo am.org /inde x.php?page_id=4557  

### Tr aining cour ses at confer ences/ con ve nt ions  

### Chemical or Pr oduct Manufactur er - Con tr act or tr aining EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics14



# MDI and TDI Action Plans
 

### Diisocy anates:  Re cogniz ed as dermal and inhalation sensitiz er s  Ma y cause as thma, lung damage, and in sev er e cases, fatal re actions 

###  

### EP A is concerned about potential e xposur es t o consumer s and/ or those commer cial work er s not cove re d under OSHA r egulations, and the g ener al population that could r esult fr om the use of pr oducts containing unr eact ed MDI, TDI, and r ela te d compounds.  e.g., application of spr ay - applied sealants and coatings when such pr oducts ar e used in or ar ound buildings such as homes or schools

EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics15



# Summary of MDI & TDI Action Plans  

### Based on EP

A’ s scr eening - lev el r eview of haz ar d and ex posur e information EP

A will consider the following actions:  Initiate TSCA section 8(d) r eporting for unpublished health and safety s tudies.  Consider initiating a TSCA section 4 tes t rule to require ex posur e monitoring s tudies.  Initiate rulemaking under TSCA section 5(a)(2) for a Significant New Use Rule (SNUR) designating certain uses of TDI in a consumer pr oduct as a new use r equiring prior notice to the Agency.

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# Other P ot en tial R egula to ry Actions

 

### Consider issuing a data call - in under TSCA section 8(c) Alleg ations of Adv er se E ffects  

### Consider TSCA section 6 action that giv es EP A the authority to pr otect ag ains t unr easonable risk of injury t o health or the en vir onmen t -  If EP A finds that ther e is a r easonable basis to conclude that the chemical's manufactur e, pr ocessing , distribution, use or disposal pr esents an unr easonable risk.  Actions could include but ar e not limit ed t o: pr ohibiting or limiting manufactur e, pr ocessing , or distribution in commer ce of a chemical; re quiring wa rnings and instructions with r espect to use, distribution, or disposal; and/ or

, re cordk eeping r equir ements. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics17



# In fo rma tion Re ques t Authority

 

### Fo r the purposes of carrying out TSCA, EP A r eques ted companies voluntarily pr ovide certain information  EP A specifically r equest ed information in their possession on the curing time r equir ed to chemically re act all diisocyanat e functional gr oups, and  The amount of time r equir ed to safely r e - occupy or use an ar ea wher e diisocyanates have been r eact ed  

### The Agency is reviewing the information to determine what it tells us about consumer and work er ex posure to polyurethane pr oducts.  

### EP A r eceived the following types of data as a result of our reques t including:  Formulation Data  Safety Data Sheets  Industrial Hygiene Studies  Curing information EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics18 

# Te st Me thods t o Measur e Emissions

 Need methods and data that paint the pictur e of “ sour ce - to ex posur e,” over the pr oduct life - cycle capturing “normal” cur e phase emissions as a benchmark for evaluating emissions and off- spec conditions, wher ein –  A methodology is a tool that industry uniformly uses to evaluat e pr oduct formulations, pr oviding r eliable data to better assess the pot ential for exposur es.  EP A’ s Office of R esear ch and Dev elopment is dev eloping tes t methods and pr otocols to gener ate reliable da ta to fill knowledge g aps, including  What is emit te d and for how long and factor s that ma y impact emissions?  This work supports the ASTM Commit te e D 22.05 SPFI emissions te st method development t ask. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics19



# Signific an t New Use Rules (SNURs)

 TSCA section 5(a) authoriz es EP A to determine tha t a use of a chemical subs tance is a “ significant new use.” EP A mus t mak e this determination by rule after considering all r elevant fa ct or s, including  The pr ojected volume of manufacturing and pr ocessing of a chemical substance.  The e xtent to which a use changes the type or form of e xposur e of human beings or the envir onment to a chemical substance  The e xtent to which a use incr eases the magnitude and dur ation of e xposur e of human beings or the envir onment to a chemical substance  The r easonably anticipated manner and methods of manufacturing, pr ocessing, distribution in commer ce, and disposal of a chemical substance  A SNUR r equir es tha t manufactur er s and pr ocessor s of the chemical subject to the SNUR notify EP A at leas t 90 da ys befor e beginning an y activity tha t EP

A has designated as a "significant new use”  EP A will designate certain uses of TDI and TDI r elated compounds in consumer pr oducts as a new use r equiring prior notice to the Agency . EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics20



# Summary  

## The SPF indus try needs t o ensur e:  Ther e is compr ehensiv e and clear haz ar d communication for all SPF user s – applicator s, assis tance, other tr ades, do - it - your selfer s, consumer s, and other decision - mak er s (i.e., building manager s, etc.).  Consumer s need clear haz ar d and use w arnings, such as thr ough pr oduct labeling and communications with commer cial contr act or s.  The w ork site is r es tricted to only those wearing appr opriate per sonal pr otectiv e equipment.  Quality contr ol - avo id ins tallation of off- spec, poor performance polyur ethane materials. (see saferpr oducts.gov for complaints of offga s per sistence).  Guidance is pr ovided on re - occupancy time & long - term ventilation (H - VA C) needs.  Mark eting claims ar e accur ate and balanced. EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics21



# Wher e to Get Mor e Information?

 EP A’ s DfE SPF website: http://www .epa.gov/dfe/pubs/pr ojects/spf/ spr ay_polyur ethane_foam.html  NIOSH Alert on Spr ay - on Truck Bed Lining Oper ations http://www .cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2006 - 149/default.html  OSHA’s isocy anates: http://www .osha.gov/SL TC /isocy anates/inde x.html  OSHA’s Gr een Jobs Hazar ds: http://www .osha.gov/dep/gr eenjobs/inde x.html  EP A’ s Action Plan and dock et: http://www .epa.gov/ opptintr/ ex istingchemicals/pubs/ actionplans/mdi.pdf  FT C Gr een Guides: http://www .ftc. gov/os/2012/10/greenguides.pdf  American Chemistry Council Center for the P olyur ethanes Industry http://www .spr aypolyur ethane.org/  Spr ay P olyur ethane F oam Alliance: http://www .spr ay fo am.org/  International Re sear ch Confer ence (Isocy anates & Health: P ast, Pr esent, & Futur e, April 2013, Bolger Center in P otomac, MD), http://www .isocy anates2012.org/ content/home.cfm  ASTM Methods (D22.05) fo r measuring chemical emissions fr om Spr ay P olyur ethane F oam.  Pr oject Coor dinator s: Car ol Hetfield; 202 - 564 - 8792; hetfield.car ol@epa.gov & K atherine Sleasman; 202 - 564 - 7716; sleasman.k atherine@epa.gov EP A Off ice of P ollution Prevention & Toxics