09-4612-ag

Zheng v. BCIS

BIA

Balasquide, IJ

A093 412 730

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

SUMMARY ORDER

RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER

FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF

APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER

IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN

ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY

ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals

2 for the Second Circuit, held at the Daniel Patrick Moynihan

3 United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of

New York, on the 24th 4 day of January, two thousand twelve.

5

6 PRESENT:

7 JON O. NEWMAN,

8 JOSÉ A. CABRANES,

9 RAYMOND J. LOHIER, JR.,

10 Circuit Judges.

11 _____________________________________

12

13 JINQIN ZHENG

14 Petitioner, 

15

16 v. 09-4612-ag

17 NAC 

18 BUREAU OF CITIZENSHIP AND 

19 IMMIGRATION SERVICES, 

20 Respondent.

21 _______________________________________

22

23 FOR PETITIONER: John Chang, New York, New York.

24

25 FOR RESPONDENT: Tony West, Assistant Attorney

26 General; Emily Anne Radford,

27 Assistant Director; James A. Hunolt,

28 Senior Litigation Counsel, Office of

29 Immigration Litigation, United

30 States Department of Justice,

31 Washington, D.C.
2

1 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION of this petition for review of a

2 Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) decision, it is hereby

3 ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED, that the petition for review

4 is DENIED.

5 Petitioner Jinqin Zheng, a native and citizen of the

6 People’s Republic of China, seeks review of an October 27,

7 2009, order of the BIA, affirming the May 24, 2007, decision

8 of Immigration Judge (“IJ”) Javier Balasquide, which denied

9 her application for asylum, withholding of removal, and

10 relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). In re

11 Jinqin Zheng, No. A093 412 730 (B.I.A. Oct. 27, 2009), aff’g

12 No. A093 412 730 (Immig. Ct. N.Y. City May 24, 2007). We

13 assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts

14 and procedural history in this case. 

15 Under the circumstances of this case, we have reviewed

16 both the IJ’s and the BIA’s opinions “‘for the sake of

17 completeness.’” Zaman v. Mukasey, 514 F.3d 233, 237 (2d

18 Cir. 2008)(internal citation omitted). The applicable

19 standards of review are well-established. See 8 U.S.C. §

20 1252(b)(4)(B); Yanqin Weng v. Holder, 562 F.3d 510, 513 (2d

21 Cir. 2009). For applications governed by the REAL ID Act of

22 2005, the agency may, considering the totality of the

23 circumstances, base a credibility finding on an asylum
3

1 applicant’s demeanor, the plausibility of his account, and

2 inconsistencies in his statements, without regard to whether

3 they go “to the heart of the applicant’s claim.” 8 U.S.C.

4 § 1158(b)(1)(B)(iii); see also Matter of J-Y-C-, 24 I. & N.

5 Dec. 260, 265 (B.I.A. 2007). Analyzed under the REAL ID

6 Act, the agency’s adverse credibility determination is

7 supported by substantial evidence. 

8 In finding Zheng not credible, the agency reasonably

9 relied on inconsistencies in her testimony. See Xiu Xia Lin

10 v. Mukasey, 534 F.3d 162, 167 (2d Cir. 2008) (per curiam). 

11 Most importantly, the agency noted that a medical document

12 Zheng submitted contradicted her testimony that she was

13 forced to undergo an abortion, as it stated that Zheng was

14 “requesting” an abortion for an “unwanted pregnancy.” 

15 Although Zheng suggested that the “birth control bureau

16 people” had written that the abortion was voluntary “to show

17 that they did not force [her],” the agency was entitled to

18 disregard this explanation, as it would not necessarily be

19 compelling to a reasonable factfinder, especially given

20 Zheng’s initial statement that she was unaware that the

21 document contained that information. See Majidi v.

22 Gonzales, 430 F.3d 77, 80-81 (2d Cir. 2005).
4

1 The agency also reasonably found that Zheng’s

2 documentary evidence contradicted her testimony with respect

3 to her allegation that she was twice required to use an

4 intra-uterine device (“IUD”) because a Family Planning

5 Health Maintenance Certificate she submitted listed only the

6 first alleged IUD insertion. Again, the agency was not

7 required to accept her attempt to explain that the

8 certificate did not list her more recent IUD insertion

9 because it was a “new book.” See id. In addition, the

10 agency reasonably found that inconsistencies in Zheng’s

11 testimony as to whether she left her hiding place before

12 December 2002 and whether she had seen a doctor in the

13 United States further undermined her credibility. See Iouri

14 v. Ashcroft, 487 F.3d 76, 81-82 (2d Cir. 2007). 

15 Contrary to Zheng’s argument that the agency erred in

16 relying on minor inconsistencies to find her not credible,

17 under the REAL ID Act, the agency “may rely on any

18 inconsistency or omission in making an adverse credibility

19 determination as long as the ‘totality of the circumstances’

20 establishes that an asylum applicant is not credible.” Xiu

21 Xia Lin, 534 F.3d at 167 (quoting 8 U.S.C.

22 § 1158(b)(1)(B)(iii)). 
5

1 We note that the record does not support the agency’s

2 inconsistency findings with respect to: (1) whether Zheng

3 was five months or one month pregnant at the time of her

4 alleged abortion; and (2) the fact that the out-patient

5 record was issued before her abortion. In light of the

6 totality of the record, however, these erroneous findings do

7 not require remand as there is no realistic possibility that

8 the agency would find Zheng not credible in their absence. 

9 See Diallo v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 548 F.3d 232, 235 (2d

10 Cir. 2008); Cao He Lin v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 428 F.3d

11 391, 401 (2d Cir. 2005). Moreover, because the agency’s

12 non-erroneous inconsistency findings more than adequately

13 supported its adverse credibility determination, we need not

14 address the agency’s further finding that Zheng’s testimony

15 was in part implausible. See Xiu Xia Lin, 534 F.3d at 167. 

16 Because the adverse credibility determination is supported

17 by substantial evidence, the agency’s denial of Zheng’s

18 application for asylum, withholding of removal, and CAT

19 relief was not in error as all three claims shared the same

20 factual predicate. See Paul v. Gonzales, 444 F.3d 148, 156

21 (2d Cir. 2006) (withholding of removal); Xue Hong Yang v.

22 U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 426 F.3d 520, 523 (2d Cir. 2006)

23 (CAT). 
6

1 For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is

2 DENIED. As we have completed our review, any stay of

3 removal that the Court previously granted in this petition

4 is VACATED, and any pending motion for a stay of removal in

5 this petition is DISMISSED as moot. Any pending request for

6 oral argument in this petition is DENIED in accordance with

7 Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 34(a)(2), and Second

8 Circuit Local Rule 34.1(b).

9 FOR THE COURT: 

10 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk

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