# Patent

## Title
Elevator suspension and/or driving assembly having at least one traction surface defined by weave fibers

## Abstract

An exemplary elongated elevator load bearing member of a traction elevator system includes a plurality of tension elements. A plurality of weave fibers transverse to the tension elements are woven with the tension elements. The weave fibers define at least one traction surface of the load bearing member.

## Background
BACKGROUND
There are a variety of uses of elongated load carrying members such as round ropes or flat belts. One such use is to suspend the loads in elevator systems and known load carrying members are used for driving/propulsion in elevator systems. Round steel ropes have been the industry standard for many years. More recently flat belts including a plurality of tension member cords substantially retained in a jacket have been used in elevator systems. While there are advantages associated with such belts in an elevator system, there are also challenges presented.
For example, one challenge presented by some elevator belts is achieving a desired amount of traction between the belt and a traction sheave that causes movement of the belt and thus the elevator car. Different approaches have been suggested to achieve particular traction characteristics on a surface of an elevator belt. One approach is shown in the Published International Application WO 2005/094255. In that document, a jacket includes a roughened surface to provide desired friction characteristics.
SUMMARY
An exemplary elongated elevator load bearing member includes a plurality of tension elements. A plurality of weave fibers transverse to the tension elements are woven with the tension elements. The weave fibers define at least one traction surface of the load bearing member.
An exemplary method of making an elongated load bearing member includes providing a plurality of tension elements. A plurality of weave fibers are woven together with the tension elements to thereby establish a weave. A traction surface is established on at least one side of the load bearing member. The traction surface is defined by the weave fibers.
The various features and advantages of the disclosed examples will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. The drawings that accompany the detailed description can be briefly described as follows.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 schematically shows selected portions of an example elevator system.
FIG. 2 diagrammatically illustrates an example load bearing member having a traction surface defined by weave fibers that are woven together with tension elements.
FIG. 3 schematically shows one example weave pattern that defines the correspondingly configured traction surface.
FIG. 4 schematically shows another example weave pattern that defines a correspondingly configured traction surface.
FIG. 5 schematically shows another example weave pattern that establishes a correspondingly configured traction surface.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional illustration of another example load bearing member.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 schematically shows selected portions of an example traction elevator system 20. The illustrated example is for discussion purposes only. Features of the elevator system 20 that are not required for an understanding of the present invention (e.g. guide rails, safeties, etc.) are not shown or discussed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention could be used in a variety of elevator system configurations and not only the specific example shown in this Figure. This example includes an elevator car 22 coupled with a counterweight 24 by one or more elongated elevator load bearing members 30 in a 1:1 roping arrangement. Other roping arrangements, such as 2:1 or greater, are possible. The weight of the elevator car 22 and counterweight 24 is suspended by the elongated elevator load bearing members 30. A traction sheave 31A causes desired movement of the elongated elevator load bearing members 30 to achieve desired movement and placement of the elevator car 22 within the hoistway. The elevator system 20 could include one or more deflector pulleys 31B as seen in FIG. 1 that also engage the elongated elevator load bearing members 30 or one or more idler or diverter pulleys on the car 22 and/or counterweight 24 (for example to provide an overslung or underslung roping arrangement) that also engage the elongated elevator load bearing members 30.
FIG. 2 illustrates an example elongated elevator load bearing member 30. This example includes a plurality of tension elements 32. As can be appreciated from the drawing, the tension elements 32 are arranged generally parallel to each other and extend in a longitudinal direction that establishes a length dimension of the elongated elevator load bearing member 30. A plurality of weave fibers 34 are woven together with the tension elements 32. In this example, the weave fibers 34 and the tension elements 32 are woven together into a fabric that maintains the tension elements 32 in a desired orientation relative to each other. In other words, the weave fibers 34 substantially retain the tension elements 32 in position. The phrase “substantially retained” means that the weave fibers 34 sufficiently engage the tension elements 32 such that the tension elements 32 do not pull out of, or move relative to, the weave fibers 34 in use (i.e., during the application on the elongated elevator load bearing member 30 of a load that can be encountered during use in an elevator system 20 with, potentially, an additional factor of safety). The weave fibers 34 have a length that is transverse to the length or longitudinal direction of the tension elements 32.
The example load bearing members 30 include a traction surface 36 on at least one side of the load bearing member 30. The traction surface 36 is defined by the weave fibers 34. In this description, having the traction surface 36 defined by the weave fibers 34 includes the weave fibers being exposed at the traction surface 36, a coating over the weave fibers 34 having a surface contour that is defined by the presence of the weave fibers 34 or a combination of these.
The tension elements 32 are the primary load bearing structure of the elevator load bearing member 30. In some examples, the weave fibers 34 do not support the weight of the elevator car 22 or counterweight 24. Nevertheless, the weave fibers 34 do form part of the load path. The weave fibers transmit the traction forces between the traction sheave 31 and the elevator load bearing member 30 to the tension elements 32. Such traction force transmission in some examples is direct (e.g., when the weave fibers 34 are exposed at the traction surface 36) or indirect (e.g., when the weave fibers 34 are coated and the coating establishes the exterior of the traction surface 36)
The weave fibers 34 are arranged in a pattern relative to the tension elements 32 so that a spacing between the traction surface 36 and the tension elements 32 prevents the tension elements 32 from contacting any component that the traction surface 36 engages. For example, the tension elements 32 will not contact a surface on the traction sheave 31 as the load bearing member 30 wraps at least partially about the tension sheave 32. The size of the weave fibers 34, the material of the weave fibers 34, the pattern of the weave fibers 34 or a combination of these is selected to ensure the desired spacing between the tension elements 32 and the traction surface 36 so that the tension elements 32 are protected from engagement with a component such as the traction sheave 31.
In one example, a coating over the weave fibers 34 ensures that the tension elements 32 are sufficiently spaced from the traction surface 36 so that the tension elements 32 will not directly engage or come in contact with another component in the elevator system 20 such as a surface on the traction sheave or another sheave. In this example, an exterior surface of the coating is the traction surface 36.
In one example the tension elements 32 comprise a first material and the weave fibers 34 comprise a second, different material. In the illustrated example, the weave fibers 34 have a much smaller thickness or cross-sectional dimension compared to that of the tension elements 32. In one example the tension elements 32 are metallic, such as drawn steel, and the weave fibers 34 comprise non-metallic materials, such as polymers for example.
In some examples, the weave fibers 34 include or comprise an elastomer material that is useful for establishing the traction surface 36. One example includes establishing weave fibers 34 of a desired material and then coating the fibers with the elastomer material. Another example includes establishing the woven fabric that includes the tension elements 32 and the weave fibers 34 and then coating at least the weave fibers 34 at least partially with the selected elastomer material. Another example includes making each of the weave fibers 34 out of a plurality of filaments and including filaments made of the selected elastomer material within each of the weave fibers 34. Another example includes impregnating the weave fibers 34 with a selected elastomeric material.
One example elastomer material comprises a urethane. Thermoplastic polyurethane is used on one example.
A variety of different weave patterns can be used to weave together the weave fibers 34 and the tension elements 32. FIG. 3 shows one such example pattern of the weave fibers 34. In this example, the weave fibers 34 are aligned generally parallel to each other and generally perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tension elements 32. FIG. 3 is not intended to illustrate a complete woven fabric or a complete load bearing member 30. Instead, FIG. 3 is intended to illustrate the weave pattern of the weave fibers 34.
In an example weave pattern like FIGS. 2 and 3, the traction surface 36 could have a non-continuous or non-planar surface texture. As can be appreciated from the illustrations, a plurality of ridges will be generally parallel to each other and transverse to the longitudinal direction or length of the load bearing member. In other words, the weave fibers 34 establish ridges on the traction surface.
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates another example weave pattern. In this example, some of the weave fibers 34a are arranged generally perpendicular to the longitudinal direction or length of the tension elements 32. Others of the weave fibers 34b are arranged generally parallel to the tension elements 32 and generally perpendicular to the weave fibers 34a. As can be appreciated by comparing FIG. 4 to FIG. 3, the example weave pattern of FIG. 4 will have a slightly different characteristic on the traction surface 36 when the weave fibers 34b are included in a position between a tension element 32 and the traction surface 36. In another example, the weave fibers 34b are maintained only between the tension elements 32 and do not have an impact on the contour or texture of the traction surface 36.
FIG. 5 illustrates another example weave pattern in which some of the weave fibers 34a are arranged parallel to each other and at a first angle relative to the tension elements 32. Others of the weave fibers 34b are arranged generally parallel to each other and at a second, different angle relative to the length or longitudinal direction of the tension elements 32. As can be appreciated from the illustration, a woven fabric using the weave pattern of FIG. 5 will have a different traction surface texture or configuration compared to that which would be established by the weave patterns of FIG. 3 or 4, for example.
In any of the examples of FIGS. 3-5, a relatively thin coating may be applied on top of the woven fabric in a manner that the weave pattern of the weave fibers 34 influences or defines the contour or texture on the traction surface 36 even though the weave fibers 34 are completely coated with another material. In other words, it is not necessary for any of the weave fibers 34 to be exposed at the traction surface 36 for them to define the contour or texture of the traction surface 36.
FIG. 6 illustrates another example configuration of an elongated elevator load bearing member 30. In this example, a material 37 is provided over at least one side of the woven fabric that includes the tension elements 32 and the weave fibers 34 to form a jacket 38. In this example, the weave fibers 34a define the traction surface 36 on one side of the load bearing member 30 and the jacket 38 defines another surface 40 on an opposite side of the load bearing member 30. In some examples, the surface 40 will contact one or more sheaves in the elevator system 20 but the traction surface 36 is oriented to contact the traction sheave 31 to achieve a desired friction characteristic or traction between the load bearing assembly 30 and the traction sheave 31. The material 37 could be, for example, a suitable non-metallic, polymer material such as an elastomer like urethane including thermoplastic polyurethane.
In one example, the material 37 used for establishing the jacket 38 also provides a coating over the weave fibers 34 so that the jacket material also exists on the traction surface 36. The contour or texture of the traction surface 36 is still defined at least in part by the weave fibers 34.
In the example of FIG. 6, the weave fibers 34b are positioned between the tension elements 32 and do not have an effect on the traction surface 36. In another example, additional weave fibers are positioned generally parallel to the weave fibers 34b and closer to the top of the tension elements 32 (according to the drawing) such that they will have an influence on the configuration or texture of the traction surface 36.
The disclosed examples provide a woven fabric as a basis for an elevator load bearing member. They also provide the ability to configure a traction surface based on the characteristics and arrangement of the weave fibers that are woven together with the tension elements.
The preceding description is exemplary rather than limiting in nature. Variations and modifications to the disclosed examples may become apparent to those skilled in the art that do not necessarily depart from the essence of this invention. The scope of legal protection given to this invention can only be determined by studying the following claims.

## Claims

1. An elevator system, comprising:
an elevator car;
a counterweight; and
at least one elongated elevator load bearing member coupling the elevator car to the counterweight and supporting a load associated with the elevator car and counterweight, the at least one elongated elevator load bearing member including
tension elements;
weave fibers transverse to the tension elements and woven with the tension elements, the weave fibers defining at least one traction surface of the load bearing member; and
a coating over the weave fibers, the coating having an exterior surface texture defined at least in part by the weave fibers.

2. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the weave fibers establishes a spacing between the at least one traction surface and the tension elements that prevents the tension elements from contacting a component that the at least one traction surface engages.

3. The elevator system of claim 2, wherein
the weave fibers are arranged in a pattern;
the pattern comprises a predetermined spacing between the weave fibers; and
the spacing exists along a direction parallel to a length of the tension elements.

4. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the tension elements comprise a first material and the weave fibers comprise a second, different material.

5. The elevator system of claim 4, wherein the tension elements comprise metal and the weave fibers are non-metallic.

6. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the weave fibers comprise an elastomer material.

7. The elevator system of claim 6, wherein the weave fibers include elastomer fibers.

8. The elevator system of claim 6, wherein the weave fibers are at least partially coated with the elastomer material.

9. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the coating comprises urethane.

10. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the coating comprises thermoplastic polyurethane.

11. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein
the coating comprises a jacket including the at least one traction surface on one side of the at least one elongated elevator load bearing member;
the traction surface has the exterior surface texture defined at least in part by the weave fibers;
the jacket defines another surface on an opposite side of the at least one elongated elevator load bearing member;
the surface on the opposite side is configured to contact one or more sheaves in the elevator system; and
the traction surface is configured to contact a traction sheave and the exterior surface texture is configured to achieve a desired friction characteristic or traction between the at least one elongated elevator load bearing member and the traction sheave.