# Patent

## Title
Load bearing panel member

## Abstract

A load bearing panel member having a first portion, a second portion, and an appearance surface portion is formed by injection molding such that the first portion includes a plurality of ribs forming a grid pattern on the first portion and another plurality of ribs extending toward the periphery of the first portion which may be non-orthogonal to each other and to the ribs forming the grid pattern. An internal channel may be formed within each of the non-orthogonal ribs by injecting a gas into the rib during the molding process forming the panel. An appearance surface portion attached to the first portion and second portion of the panel member forms an integral hinge between the first and second portions of the panel member. The panel member may be configured as a floor panel of a vehicle.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 14/281,238 filed May 19, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 8,764,101 issued Jul. 1, 2014, which is a divisional application of U.S. Pat. No. 8,221,673 issued Jul. 17, 2012, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/691,790 filed Jun. 17, 2005, each hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.


TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention is drawn to a load bearing panel member formed by a method of injection molding.
BACKGROUND
There are numerous known systems for plastic injection molding. In conventional plastic injection molding systems, plastic pellets are melted in an injection molding machine and advanced by a screw ram through an injection nozzle and into a mold cavity. The mold cavity is preferably formed between two mold halves. The molten plastic material in the cavity is allowed to cool and harden in the cavity. When the plastic material has cooled and sufficiently hardened, the two halves of the mold are separated or opened and the part is removed, typically by one or more ejector pins.
Some injection molding systems utilize a gas in the injection molding process and are commonly known as “gas-assisted injection molding” systems. In these systems, the gas is injected into the molten plastic material through the plastic injection nozzle itself, or through one or more pin mechanisms strategically positioned in the mold. It is also possible to inject the gas directly into the molten plastic in the barrel of the injection molding machine. The gas, which typically is an inert gas such as nitrogen, is injected under pressure and forms one or more hollow cavities or channels in the molded part.
Gas-assisted injected molding produces a structure having a hollow interior portion which results in saving weight and material, thereby reducing costs. The pressurized gas applies an outward pressure to force the plastic against the mold surfaces while the article solidifies. This helps provide a better surface on the molded article and reduces or eliminates sink marks and other surface defects. The use of pressurized gas also reduces the cycle time as the gas is introduced and/or migrates to the most fluent inner volume of the plastic and replaces the plastic in those areas which would otherwise require an extended cooling cycle. The pressure of the gas pushing the plastic against the mold surfaces further increases the cooling effect of the mold on the part, thus solidifying the part in a faster manner and reducing the overall cycle time.
SUMMARY
The present invention provides a method for producing a structural or load bearing injection molded panel member. According to a preferred embodiment, the panel member is a floor panel for a van having retractable rear seats wherein the panel member is adapted to cover the rear seats when fully retracted and act as a load floor. The panel member preferably includes a first portion, a second portion and an interior surface portion. The present invention will hereinafter be described according to the preferred embodiment wherein the interior surface portion is a carpet material; however, it should be appreciated that according to alternate embodiments the interior surface portion could also include, for example, a vinyl material or a textile material.
The preferred method of the present invention includes placing the carpet material into a mold cavity configured to produce the panel member. The mold cavity preferably includes a first chamber adapted to form the first portion of the panel member, and a second chamber adapted to form the second portion of the panel member. After the carpet material is inserted into the mold, molten plastic material and pressurized gas are injected into the first chamber of the mold cavity. After the molten plastic material is injected into the first chamber of the mold, molten plastic material is injected into the second chamber of the mold cavity. A sequential gating process is used to achieve this sequence of operations. The molten plastic is then cooled until it solidifies. After the molten plastic is sufficiently cooled, the pressurized gas is vented and the panel member is removed from the mold.
It should be appreciated that the order in which the steps of the preferred embodiment are performed may be varied according to alternate embodiments. For example, according to one alternate embodiment of the present invention, the molten plastic material may be injected into the second chamber of the mold cavity before molten plastic material is injected into the first chamber of the mold cavity. According to yet another alternate embodiment, molten plastic may be injected into the first and second chambers of the mold cavity simultaneously.
The present invention also provides a structural or load bearing panel member and a product by process. The load bearing panel member preferably includes a generally rectangular first portion, a generally rectangular second portion, and a carpet material. The carpet material is attached to the first portion and the second portion such that the carpet material forms an integral or living hinge at a gap therebetween. The first portion of the panel member defines a plurality of solid horizontally disposed ribs and a plurality of solid vertically disposed ribs. The first portion of the load bearing panel member also includes a plurality of hollow ribs formed by the gas assisted injection molding process. The hollow ribs are generally located around the periphery of the first portion of the load bearing panel member as well as in an X-shape originating at the center of the first portion and extending toward the corners thereof. The solid ribs and hollow ribs are adapted to increase strength and rigidity and provide substantial structural or load-bearing capability
The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present invention are readily apparent from the following detailed description of the best modes for carrying out the invention when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a bottom view of a load bearing panel member in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the panel member taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4a is a schematic sectional view of an injection molding nozzle and a plurality of valves; and
FIG. 4b is a schematic plan view of a mold cavity.



DESCRIPTION
Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numbers refer to like components, FIG. 1 shows a panel member 10 produced according to a method of the present invention. The panel member 10 will hereinafter be described as a floor panel for a van having retractable rear seats (not shown), wherein the panel member 10 is adapted to cover the rear seats when the seats are fully retracted and also to act as a load floor. It should be appreciated, however, that the method of the present invention may be implemented to produce other conventional panel members as well.
The panel member 10 includes a generally rectangular first portion 12, a generally rectangular second portion 14, and an interior or appearance surface portion 16 (shown in FIG. 3). The present invention will hereinafter be described according to the preferred embodiment wherein the interior surface portion 16 is carpet material; however, it should be appreciated that according to alternate embodiments the interior surface portion 16 could also include, for example, a vinyl material or a textile material. According to a preferred embodiment, the carpet material 16 is a polypropylene material with a polyester backing. The carpet material 16 is attached to the first portion 12 and the second portion 14 such that the carpet material 16 forms an integral or living hinge 18 at a gap 19 between the first portion 12 and the second portion 14. The first portion 12 of the panel member 10 defines a plurality of solid horizontally disposed ribs 20 and solid vertically disposed ribs 21. The solid ribs 20 and 21 are normal to each other so as to increase strength and rigidity and provide substantial load-bearing capability. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second portion 14 of the panel member 10 includes a plurality of up-standing clip attach members 22.
The clip attach members 22 preferably each retain a metallic attachment clip (not shown) configured to mount the second portion 14 of the panel member 10 to a seat assembly (not shown). When the seat assembly is in an upright position, the hinge 18 allows the second portion 14 of the panel member 10 to fold underneath the first portion 12 and below the seat.
When the seat assembly (not shown) is fully retracted, the first portion 12 of panel member 10 is rotatable about the integral hinge 18 from an open position exposing the seat assembly to a closed position at which the seat assembly is covered. When the seat assembly is fully retracted and the first portion 12 of panel member 10 is in the closed position, the carpet material 16 (shown in FIG. 3) is exposed and the seat assembly is completely hidden. In this manner, the panel member 10 is adapted to provide an aesthetically pleasing carpeted interior when the seat assembly is retracted, and also provide substantial floor-strength.
Referring to FIG. 2, a method for manufacturing the panel member 10 according to the present invention is shown. At step 50, the carpet material 16 is placed into a mold cavity 70 (shown in FIG. 4b) configured to produce the panel member 10. Optionally, at step 50, metal inserts such as bars and/or tubes (not shown) can also be placed into the mold cavity 70 with the carpet material 16 to produce a panel member 10 with increased strength and rigidity. The mold cavity 70 of the present invention preferably includes a first chamber 72 (shown in FIG. 4b) adapted to form the first portion 12 of the panel member 10, and a second chamber 74 (shown in FIG. 4b) adapted to form the second portion 14 of the panel member 10. The first and second chambers 72, 74 are preferably separated by an insert or feature 75 (shown in FIG. 4b) configured to produce the integral hinge 18 (shown in FIG. 3). At step 52, molten plastic material 76 (shown in FIG. 4a) is injected into the first chamber 72 of the mold cavity 70. The molten plastic material 76 is preferably injected in a conventional manner, such as, for example, by a reciprocating screw type injection device (not shown), through an injector nozzle 40 (shown in FIG. 4a), through a valve gate 42a (shown in FIG. 4a), and into the first chamber 72 of the mold cavity 70.
At step 54, an inert gas 80 (shown in FIG. 4b) such as nitrogen is injected into the first chamber 72 of the mold cavity 70 (shown in FIG. 4b) through a plurality of gas pins 82 (shown in FIG. 4b) positioned at locations predefined by the desired locations of the hollow ribs 30. The gas 80 preferably does not mix with the molten plastic material 76, but takes the path of least resistance through the less viscous portions of the plastic melt. The molten plastic 76 is therefore pushed against the wall portions of the mold cavity 70, which forms channels 31 and produces the hollow ribs 30 (shown in FIGS. 1 and 3).
Referring to FIG. 3, a sectional view taken through section A-A of FIG. 1 is shown. It can be seen in FIG. 3 that the hollow ribs 30 define an internal channel 31 through which the gas is injected. Referring again to FIG. 1, the gas 80 (shown in FIG. 4b) is preferably injected through the gas pins 82 (shown in FIG. 4b) into the first portion 12 of the panel member 10 at the gas injection locations 32. According to a preferred embodiment, the hollow ribs 30 are generally located around the periphery of the first portion 12 of the panel member 10 as well as in an X-shape originating at the center of the first portion 12 and extending toward the corners thereof. It has been observed that the hollow ribs 30 formed in the manner described increase the rigidity and strength of the first portion 12 of the panel member 10. The increased strength and rigidity is particularly advantageous for the preferred embodiment wherein the panel member 10 is implemented as a load bearing floor panel.
Referring again to FIG. 2, at step 56 molten plastic material 76 (shown in FIG. 4a) is injected into the second chamber 74 of the mold 70 (shown in FIG. 4b). The molten plastic material 76 is preferably injected through the injector nozzle 40 (shown in FIG. 4a), through a valve gate 42b (shown in FIG. 4a), and into the second mold chamber 74.
A sequential gating process is preferably implemented to perform previously described steps 52 and 56. Referring to FIGS. 4a-4b, the valve gates 42a and 42b, which are adapted to feed the first and second mold chambers 72, 74, respectively, are opened using the sequential gating process. In other words, the sequential gating process is implemented to control the timing of the gates 42a, 42b and to coordinate the operation of valve gate 42b with the operation of valve gate 42a. According to a preferred embodiment, the valve gates 42a and 42b are configured to open and close at a predetermined time. The predetermined time at which the valve gates 42a and 42b open and close is generally based on the needs of the specific part to be molded and type of material being used. Alternatively, the valve gates 42a and 42b may be opened and closed based on the position of a screw type injection device (not shown).
Referring again to FIG. 2, at step 58 the molten plastic material 76 (shown in FIG. 4a) that was injected into the first and second chambers 72, 74 of the mold cavity 70 (shown in FIG. 4b) at steps 52 and 56 is allowed to cool and solidify. Thereafter, at step 60, the pressurized gas 80 (shown in FIG. 4b) that was injected in to the first chamber 72 of the mold cavity 70 at step 54 is allowed to vent through the gas pins 82 (shown in FIG. 4b). At step 62, the finished panel member 10 is removed from the mold cavity 70.
It should be appreciated that the order in which the steps 50-62 of the preferred embodiment are performed may be varied according to alternate embodiments. For example, according to one alternate embodiment of the present invention, step 56 at which the molten plastic material 76 (shown in FIG. 4a) is be injected into the second chamber 74 (shown in FIG. 4b) of the mold cavity 70 (shown in FIG. 4b) may be performed before step 52 at which molten plastic material 76 is injected into the first chamber 72 (shown in FIG. 4b) of the mold cavity 70. According to yet another alternate embodiment, steps 52 and 56 may be performed simultaneously such that molten plastic 76 is injected into the first and second chambers 72, 74 of the mold cavity 70 simultaneously.
While the best modes for carrying out the invention have been described in detail, those familiar with the art to which this invention relates will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments for practicing the invention within the scope of the appended claims.

## Claims

1. A load bearing panel member comprising:
a first portion including:
a first plurality of rib members forming a grid pattern on the first portion;
a second plurality of rib members positioned adjacent a periphery of the first portion;
a third plurality of rib members extending toward the periphery of the first portion, wherein each rib member of the third plurality of rib members is non-orthogonal to another rib member of the third plurality of rib members and non-orthogonal to each rib member of the second plurality of rib members:
wherein a tubular cavity is defined within each of the second plurality of rib members and each of the third plurality of rib members;

a second portion; and
a living hinge intermediate the first and second portions.

2. The load bearing panel member of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of rib members are configured as solid ribs.

3. The load bearing panel member of claim 1, wherein:
the first portion is made of a first material;
the living hinge is made of a second material; and
the first and second materials are different materials.

4. The load bearing panel member of claim 3, wherein the second portion is made of the first material.

5. The load bearing panel member of claim 3, wherein the first material is a plastic material.

6. The load bearing panel member of claim 3, wherein the second material is a carpet material.

7. The load bearing panel member of claim 1, further comprising:
an appearance surface portion attached to the first portion.

8. The load bearing panel member of claim 7, wherein the appearance surface portion is attached to the second portion to form the living hinge.

9. The load bearing panel member of claim 7, wherein a span of the appearance surface material separates the first portion and the second portion.

10. The load bearing panel member of claim 1, wherein:
the first portion includes a metal insert configured to increase the rigidity of the first portion.

11. A load bearing panel member comprising:
a first portion including:
a first plurality of ribs formed orthogonally to a second plurality of ribs; and
a third plurality of ribs obliquely intersecting and non-orthogonal to the first and second plurality of ribs;

a second portion; and
an appearance surface portion spanning the first and second portions.

12. The load bearing panel member of claim 11, wherein an internal channel is defined within each rib of the third plurality of ribs.

13. The load bearing panel member of claim 12, wherein the internal channel is generally cylindrical.

14. The load bearing panel member of claim 11, further comprising:
an integral hinge between the first and second portions;
wherein the integral hinge includes a span of the appearance surface portion spanning first and second portions.

15. The load bearing panel member of claim 13, wherein the first and second portions are separated by the span of the appearance surface portion.

16. A load bearing panel member comprising:
a first portion including a first plurality of ribs formed orthogonally to a second plurality of ribs;
an appearance surface portion attached to the first and second plurality of ribs; and
a second portion attached to the appearance surface portion such that the appearance surface portion forms an integral hinge between the first and second portions.

17. The load bearing panel member of claim 16, wherein the first portion includes a third plurality of ribs generally located around the periphery of the first portion.

18. The load bearing panel member of claim 17, wherein at least one rib of the third plurality of ribs includes a channel within the at least one rib.

19. The load bearing panel member of claim 16, wherein the first portion includes a fourth plurality of ribs obliquely intersecting and non-orthogonal to the first and second plurality of ribs.

20. The load bearing panel member of claim 19, wherein each rib of the further plurality of ribs includes a generally cylindrical internal channel within the rib.