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Resilient Solutions ltd

Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS)

Flight Operations Manual (FOM)
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Contents

Foreword................................................................................................................................................................. 5

1. General Information ........................................................................................................................................ 6

1.1 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................................ 6

1.2 Scope............................................................................................................................................................ 6

1.3 Administration ............................................................................................................................................. 6

1.4 Federal Aviation Regulation Compliance..................................................................................................... 7

1.4.1 FAA / CAA ................................................................................................................................................. 7

1.4.2 Title 14 CFR Part 91 and Part 61............................................................................................................... 7

1.4.3 Title 14 CFR Part 91 Exemption................................................................................................................ 7

1.4.4 Authorized Flight Rule Deviation ............................................................................................................. 7

1.4.5 FAA Certification ...................................................................................................................................... 7

1.4.6 FAA Aeronautical Information Manual .................................................................................................... 7

1.5 Relevant Documents.................................................................................................................................... 7

1.5.1 Aircraft Maintenance Log......................................................................................................................... 7

1.5.2 Aircraft Folder .......................................................................................................................................... 7

1.5.3 Aircrew Training Record........................................................................................................................... 8

1.5.4 Unmanned Aircraft Pilot Operations Handbook (POH) ........................................................................... 8

1.5.5 Ground Control Station Operations Handbook (GCSOH) ........................................................................ 8

1.5.6 RSL Safety Program .................................................................................................................................. 8

1.6 Standard Operating Procedures .................................................................................................................. 8

1.7 Checklists ..................................................................................................................................................... 8

2. Safety Management & Accident Prevention................................................................................................... 9

2.1 RSL sUAS Safety Program............................................................................................................................ 9

2.1.1 Robust Safety Program............................................................................................................................. 9

2.1.2 Personal Responsibility ............................................................................................................................ 9

2.1.3 Safety Hazards.......................................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.4 Personnel Observation............................................................................................................................. 9

3. Organizational Roles and Responsibilities..................................................................................................... 10

3.1 Organization Members.............................................................................................................................. 10

3.1.1 Leadership .............................................................................................................................................. 10

3.1.2 Chief Pilot............................................................................................................................................... 10

3.1.3 Chief Safety Officer (CSO)....................................................................................................................... 10
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3.1.4 Pilot In Command (PIC) .......................................................................................................................... 11

3.1.5 Visual Observer (VO).............................................................................................................................. 11

4. Flight and Flight Crew Authorization............................................................................................................. 12

4.1 Assignment of sUAS Flight crews............................................................................................................... 12

5. Flight Crew Selection, Qualification, and Training ........................................................................................ 12

5.1 sUAS Flight Crew Qualification .................................................................................................................. 12

5.2 Pilot Qualifications to Fly sUAS.................................................................................................................. 12

5.3 Training Syllabi........................................................................................................................................... 12

5.4 Aircrew Training Records........................................................................................................................... 13

5.5 Initial PIC Selection, Qualification, and Training........................................................................................ 13

5.6 Designated Trainers................................................................................................................................... 14

5.7 sUAS Visual Observer (VO) Training & Checkout....................................................................................... 14

6. sUAS Flight Crew Hours, Currency & Proficiency .......................................................................................... 14

6.1 Logging of Flight Time................................................................................................................................ 14

6.2 PIC Currency Requirements....................................................................................................................... 14

6.3 Flight Review Requirements...................................................................................................................... 15

6.4 Grounding of Flight Crewmembers ........................................................................................................... 15

7. sUAS Flight Assignment & Planning............................................................................................................... 16

7.1 Flight Assignments and Crew Duty Limitations......................................................................................... 16

7.2 Minimum Required sUAS Vehicle Flight Crew Compliment...................................................................... 16

7.3 Medical Considerations ............................................................................................................................. 16

7.4 Use of Other Psychoactive Substances...................................................................................................... 17

8. Flight Planning ............................................................................................................................................... 17

8.1 Flight Categories ........................................................................................................................................ 17

8.2 Operating Limitations and Conditions....................................................................................................... 18

8.3 sUAS Wind Limitations............................................................................................................................... 18

8.4 Weather Requirements ............................................................................................................................. 19

8.5 Power......................................................................................................................................................... 19

8.6 Airworthiness............................................................................................................................................. 19

8.7 Air Traffic Control (ATC) Coordination....................................................................................................... 19

8.8 Frequency Management............................................................................................................................ 19

8.9 Aircraft Configuration Summary................................................................................................................ 20

8.10 Normal & Emergency Procedures.............................................................................................................. 20
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8.11 Operating Documents for Each Flight........................................................................................................ 20

8.12 Operating Site Location Assessment ......................................................................................................... 20

8.13 Pre-Flight/Post-flight Inspections.............................................................................................................. 20

8.14 Pre-Flight and Post Flight Briefings............................................................................................................ 21

8.15 Records & Data Logs.................................................................................................................................. 21

9. Emergency Procedures.................................................................................................................................. 22

9.1 Fly Away Procedures.................................................................................................................................. 22

9.2 Unscheduled Departure of the Flight Area Procedures ............................................................................ 22

10. Mishaps...................................................................................................................................................... 22

10.1 Aviation Mishap Categories & Classes....................................................................................................... 22

10.2 Aviation Mishap Response......................................................................................................................... 22

10.3 Hazards and Hazard Reports...................................................................................................................... 23

10.4 Mishap Reporting....................................................................................................................................... 23

Appendix A: Definitions ........................................................................................................................................ 25

Appendix B: Risk Assessment Worksheet and Matrix .......................................................................................... 26

Risk Assessment.................................................................................................................................................... 27

Extreme Risk.......................................................................................................................................................... 27

High Risk................................................................................................................................................................ 27

Medium Risk ......................................................................................................................................................... 27

Low Risk ................................................................................................................................................................ 27

Appendix C: Pre-Flight, Takeoff, Landing Checklist .............................................................................................. 28

Appendix D: Emergency Response Plan ............................................................................................................... 29
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Foreword

This Flight Operations Manual (FOM) has been developed for the use and guidance of personnel in the 

performance of duties related to small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) operations at Resilient Solutions Ltd 

(RSL). It contains information and instructions on the manner in which all flight operations shall be conducted. 

We are fully committed to achieving the highest level of safety as we conduct safe, reliable, high quality, sUAS 

flight operations to capture images for a variety of newsgathering and production purposes.

The safe operation of these highly visible systems is key to protecting our employees and resources while 

maintaining the reputation of the entire company. Therefore, everyone involved must understand their 

responsibilities addressed in this manual.

It is the duty of all of our employees to openly and honestly report events, hazards, unsafe practices, and 

“near misses.” Any events and incidents will be thoroughly investigated. We recognize the value and 

necessity of operating to the highest levels of recognized international safety standards. 

This FOM has been developed to satisfy the International Standards for Business Aircraft Operations (IS-BAO), 

as well as to incorporate specific requirements of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations and the 

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) requirements for international operations. The operational 

need, availability and use of RSL’s sUAS will not supersede the requirement for safety as mandated by the FAA, 

the ICAO and all entities involved in regulating aviation safety.
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1. General Information

Resilient Solutions Ltd proposes to uses sUAS as a tool for capturing images and data for a variety of purposes.

In all cases RSL’s sUAS operations will conform to the conditions and limitations in the approved FAA 

exemption.

1.1 Purpose

This document describes the management of RSL’s sUAS training, operations, and related safety 

considerations. These policies and procedures are intended to promote safe, efficient, and lawful operations 

of RSL’s sUAS. Safety, above all other considerations, is the primary concern for every RSL employee within 

each and every flight operation.

This manual is not intended to be all-inclusive, but is instead a supplement to FAA Regulations. It is also 

intended to supplement the sUAS Ground Control Station (GCS) and Aircraft Operating Manuals (supplied by 

the respective manufacturers) and to provide further clarification for sUAS specific items such as flight crew 

qualifications, authorization, and training. For a complete discussion of operational procedures and 

considerations for RSL’s sUAS operations, all applicable manuals shall be referenced.

1.2 Scope

This document applies to all sUAS flight operations conducted by RSL, regardless of geographic location unless 

specifically excluded in this document or waived by the Chief Pilot.

1.3 Administration

The Chief Pilot maintains the master copy of the FOM and is responsible for its review, updating, and 

amending. The Chief Pilot will make the FOM available in read-only electronic format to all applicable 

personnel in RSL. Changes to this manual must be approved by the President and CEO, and the Chief Safety 

Officer. The Chief Pilot will inform RSL personnel when a change is made to the FOM and will post the changed 

document with a new version number and revision date. The FOM is one of the documents required to be 

accessible during UAS operations.

This manual addresses RSL’s sUAS operations as they existed when the document was drafted. Personnel, 

equipment, environment, and other factors change over time. A systematic approach to monitoring 

organizational change is critical to ensuring this manual remains relevant. Given this acknowledgment, it is 

essential this manual be continually updated as necessary by RSL’s Chief Pilot. At a minimum, the entire 

manual will be reviewed annually by the Chief Pilot. 
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1.4 Federal Aviation Regulation Compliance

1.4.1 FAA / CAA

RSL employees engaged in unmanned aviation operations will abide by all applicable FAA, and/or International 

CAA Regulations, and will receive the proper authorizations for every sUAS flight.

1.4.2 Title 14 CFR Part 91 and Part 61

RSL’s sUAS flight teams shall comply with applicable portions of Title 14 CFR Part 91 and Part 61 Federal 

Aviation Regulations (FAR) except where exemptions or authorizations have been issued to RSL.

1.4.3 Title 14 CFR Part 91 Exemption

sUAS are currently unable to comply with several provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 91, including the requirement 

to “see and avoid” and must receive an exemption from the FAA in order to test or operate. RSL flight 

operations will be conducted in accordance with the Conditions and Limitations found in the FAA exemption 

granted to RSL.

1.4.4 Authorized Flight Rule Deviation

Intentional deviation from any flight rule is authorized only when an in-flight emergency requires immediate 

action, safety of flight dictates, or operational necessity is declared by a competent authority.

1.4.5 FAA Certification

All RSL sUAS operating in the NAS must have the appropriate Certificate of Airworthiness and / or specific 

exemption and authorization for flight operations.

1.4.6 FAA Aeronautical Information Manual

Serves as the official guide to basic flight information and air traffic control (ATC) procedures.

1.5 Relevant Documents

1.5.1 Aircraft Maintenance Log

Each sUAS will have an aircraft maintenance log where all maintenance activity or alterations are filed. Any 

maintenance or alterations that affect the sUAS operation or flight characteristics, e.g. replacement of a flight 

critical component (motor, rotor, etc.), must undergo a functional test flight prior to conducting flight 

operations. The PIC who conducts the functional test flight must make an entry in the aircraft maintenance 

log. 

1.5.2 Aircraft Folder

The Aircraft Folder contains the ground and flight training syllabi required for initial qualification, annual flight 

reviews and proficiency flights for that specific sUAS. If applicable, a copy of the current sUAS weight and 

balance form will be maintained in this folder. These may be computed on a flight-by-flight basis or may be 

computed to cover standard operating configurations for a single sUAS vehicle. A detailed description of the 
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aircraft’s configuration, including any unique limitations, will be in the aircraft folder. The Chief Pilot will 

maintain and update the sUAS Aircraft Folder for each sUAS aircraft flown by RSL. 

1.5.3 Aircrew Training Record

To ensure that RSL sUAS aircrew maintain the highest qualification and currency standards, the Chief Pilot will 

maintain a system of records, notices and reports covering each individual sUAS PIC and VO. All training, 

qualification, and designation activities will be documented and kept on file in the pilot’s Aircrew Training 

Record. These include:

 Initial qualification

 RSL Annual flight reviews

 FAA 24 month flight review (Part 61.56)

 Proficiency check rides

 PIC designation

 PIC trainer designation

 Individual training events such as accident investigation as applicable

 Mishaps

 Groundings

1.5.4 Unmanned Aircraft Pilot Operations Handbook (POH)

Each pilot operations handbook, or flight manual, written by the manufacturer contains specific operating 

information, procedures, instructions, and limitations for a particular aircraft model.

1.5.5 Ground Control Station Operations Handbook (GCSOH)

Each GCS manual contains specific operating information, procedures, instructions, and limitations for a 

particular GCS.

1.5.6 RSL Safety Program

The RSL Safety Program provides procedures and guidance relative to mishap prevention, planning, reporting, 

and investigations.

1.6 Standard Operating Procedures

A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is an established procedure to be followed for accomplishing a 

particular task or carrying out a given operation in a given situation. Standardization of crew duties through 

the application of SOPs is necessary to ensure that RSL will achieve a high degree of safety, reliability, and 

efficiency in our sUAS flight operations. 

1.7 Checklists

Checklists prescribe the normal and emergency procedures to be followed for each sUAS. Every sUAS 

crewmember shall follow the applicable checklist in the performance of their assigned duties.

If there is any conflict in guidance with other procedural or regulatory directives, the more restrictive guidance 

will always apply in any given situation.
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2. Safety Management & Accident Prevention

2.1 RSL sUAS Safety Program

RSL holds the safety and health of its employees, the environment, and the public -- in the air and on the 

ground -- as its highest priority throughout all operations and management. 

To prevent aviation accidents or incidents, RSL maintains an active safety program. We support the continuous 

sharing of information on all safety issues and encourage employees to report errors, hazards, or concerns to 

our Chief Pilot and Chief Safety Officer. We pledge that an employee of RSL will never be directed to “get the

job done” through compromising safety standards in our sUAS program.

Our overall safety objective is the proactive management of identifiable hazards and their associated risks 

with the intent to eliminate their potential for negatively affecting aviation safety. To accomplish this, we will 

always examine our operation for hazards and find ways to minimize them. We encourage hazard and incident 

reporting, train our staff on safety management, and document findings and mitigation actions in order to 

make tangible improvement at all organizational levels. 

Responsibility for making our operations as safe as possible for everyone lies with each one of us – from 

leadership to pilots, visual observers and support personnel.

2.1.1 Robust Safety Program

A robust Safety Program following the FAA Framework for SMS is fundamental to operational and 

organizational safety. Please refer to the RSL Safety Program document for details on the Safety program.

2.1.2 Personal Responsibility

It is the duty of every member within RSL to contribute to the goal of continued safe operations.

2.1.3 Safety Hazards

Any safety hazard, whether procedural, operational, environmental, or maintenance related should be 

identified, assessed for the risk it poses to the operation, and mitigated if it is considered necessary.

2.1.4 Personnel Observation

If any member of the sUAS team observes or has knowledge of an unsafe or dangerous act committed by 

another member, the leadership team is to be notified immediately so that corrective action can be 

undertaken.
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3. Organizational Roles and Responsibilities

3.1 Organization Members

The RSL sUAS Team is headed by the President and CEO . Members include Pilots in Command (PICs), camera 

operators, Visual Observers (VOs), technicians and others deemed essential to actively participate in RSL’s 

sUAS flight operations. Non-RSL personnel will not normally operate RSL sUAS equipment. This can be waived 

by the Chief Pilot for unusual circumstances such as a UAS manufacturer’s representative or trainer

3.1.1 Leadership

The President and CEO is responsible for the overall direction and performance of RSL’s daily sUAS operations 

and will exercise leadership and decision making to include those regarding the flight program. The Chief Pilot 

reports to the President and CEO and is responsible for the supervision, leadership, and training of the sUAS 

flight team. The Chief Safety Officer reports to the President and CEO and is responsible for all safety audits, 

mishap investigations, and safety-related trend data collection and recording.

3.1.2 Chief Pilot

The Chief Pilot will be selected based on overall flight crew experience, experience in similar types of sUAS, 

related training and demonstrated performance. The Chief Pilot must hold either an airline transport, 

commercial, private, recreational, or sport pilot certificate. The Chief Pilot must also hold a current FAA airman 

medical certificate or a valid U.S. driver’s license. The Chief Pilot must also meet the flight review 

requirements specified in 14 CFR 61.56 in an aircraft in which he/she is rated on his/her pilot certificate.

The Chief Pilot’s duties include:

 Lead and manage the aircrew training program.

 Conducting initial qualification and proficiency check flights for PICs of sUAS.

 Performing Functional Test Flights for RSL’s sUAS fleet.

 Designate PIC’s, PIC trainers, and visual observers.

 Develop and maintain SOPs, checklists, and training syllabi.

 Maintaining all training and flight records for each sUAS PIC. (Aircrew Training Record).

 Maintaining all flight and maintenance records for each GCS and sUAS vehicle required for operating 

RSL’s sUASs. (Aircraft Folder)

 Maintaining contact with the FAA and / or all applicable CAA authorities in order to understand the 

regulations and guidance that apply to all RSL sUAS flight operations.

 Maintaining the Flight Operations Manual.

3.1.3 Chief Safety Officer (CSO)

The Chief Safety Officer is selected based on his/her knowledge of aviation safety management systems and 

mishap investigation procedures and policies.

The Chief Safety Officer’s duties include:

 Maintaining the air safety occurrence reporting database.

 Monitoring corrective actions and flight safety trends.
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 Liaising with the heads of applicable departments company-wide on flight safety matters.

 Acting as Chairman of the RSL sUAS Flight Safety Committee, arranging its meetings and keeping 

records of such meetings.

 Maintaining an open liaison with manufacturers’ customer flight safety departments, government 

regulatory bodies and other flight safety organizations world-wide.

 Assisting with the investigation of accidents and conducting and coordinating investigations into 

incidents.

 Conducting safety audits and inspections.

3.1.4 Pilot In Command (PIC)

The PIC must hold either an airline transport, commercial, private, recreational, or sport pilot certificate. The 

PIC must also hold a current FAA airman medical certificate or a valid U.S. driver’s license. The PIC must also 

meet the flight review requirements specified in 14 CFR 61.56 in an aircraft in which he/she is rated on his/her 

pilot certificate. The PIC assigned to each flight shall have exclusive and final authority in accordance with FAR 

91.3 as to whether or not the aircraft shall undertake any flight. The PIC’s decision to amend or terminate a 

flight shall not be overruled by any crewmember or member of the leadership team, nor will the PIC be 

disciplined for well-considered decisions having to do with weather, mechanical condition of the aircraft or 

other hazards. PICs should use all available resources in making decisions related to flight. All crewmembers 

will, except when immediate action is required, be brought into discussions concerning the operation of the 

aircraft as it relates to weather, mechanical condition or other hazards. The PIC responsibilities include:

 Meeting RSL qualification and proficiency standards for the equipment they are scheduled to maintain 

and operate.

 Remaining medically fit to fly.

 Serving as the final authority during each actual operation of the sUAS.

 Acting as absolute authority to reject a flight based on personnel safety or violation of FAA flight

regulations. No member of RSL, regardless of position, shall order a PIC to make a flight when, in the 

opinion of the PIC, it poses a risk to personnel or is in violation of FAA flight regulations.

 Completing the mission while operating the sUAS safely by staying in full compliance with this manual, 

RSL policy, procedures and FAA flight regulations.

 Seeing and avoiding any obstacles that will lessen safety during the mission.

 Being responsive to operational supervisors in order to accomplish the mission safely.

 Logging all mission data to include flight time (i.e. aircrew, airframe, GCS), weather conditions, 

maintenance discrepancies, battery consumption, emergency details, etc.

 Conducting a thorough pre-flight of the aircraft, flight planning, and a debrief for all personnel involved 

in the flight.

3.1.5 Visual Observer (VO)

Visual Observers (VO) are primary crew members for all RSL sUAS operational, training, and test flights and 

will be selected based on their ability to observe, comprehend, and communicate the movement of the sUAS 

to the PIC as well as to identify risks, hazards and safety situations. RSL VO responsibilities include:

 Meet and maintain RSL’s qualification and proficiency standards.
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 Report to the PIC of the mission and serve as a flight safety monitor to ensure noninterference 

between the sUAS vehicle and non-participating aircraft by means of “see and avoid.” The VO may 

perform these duties from any location within line-of-sight of the sUAS and must be in direct 

communication with the controlling PIC at all times.

 VOs must have completed sufficient training to communicate to the pilot any instructions required to 

remain clear of conflicting traffic. This training shall include knowledge of the rules and responsibilities 

described in: 

o 14 CFR 91.111 – Operating Near Other Aircraft

o 14 CFR 91.113 – Right-of-Way Rules: Except Water Operations

o 14 CFR 91.155 – Basic VFR Weather Minimums

 VOs should have further knowledge including air traffic and radio communications, ATC/pilot 

phraseology, and knowledge of the Aeronautical Information Manual.

4. Flight and Flight Crew Authorization

4.1 Assignment of sUAS Flight crews

 sUAS PICs and VOs will be assigned to flight missions by the Chief Pilot.

 Crew and equipment assignments are made as events and tasks emerge.

 PICs, and VOs must meet the qualifications, training, checkout, and currency requirements needed to 

operate the scheduled sUAS equipment in accordance with (IAW) the pilot’s Aircrew Training Record.

5. Flight Crew Selection, Qualification, and Training

5.1 sUAS Flight Crew Qualification

Every RSL flight crew member shall be fully qualified to perform their duties safely and effectively in the 

conduct of flight missions. A systematic program of checkout, certification, training, and currency for all 

positions will be maintained at all times. The qualifications listed in this manual provide guidance on the 

minimum qualifications required for being designated as an RSL sUAS PIC. 

5.2 Pilot Qualifications to Fly sUAS

The Chief Pilot will determine the type and number of sUAS which RSL PICs are qualified to fly based on overall 

sUAS pilot experience, specific airframe sUAS experience, demonstrated performance, and test or operational 

requirements. These qualifications will be posted to the Aircrew Training Record.

5.3 Training Syllabi

sUAS ground and flight training syllabi required for initial qualification, PIC designation, and VO designation in 

specific sUAS equipment are contained in the applicable Aircraft Folders. An initial sUAS qualification training 

program will be developed for each sUAS by the Chief Pilot. The training program will be documented in 

writing and filed in the sUAS Aircraft Folder. The training program will include exposure to all sUAS vehicle 

handling qualities that might be encountered during routine or emergency operations without violating flight 

manual restrictions or limitations.
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5.4 Aircrew Training Records

All activities accomplished in support of initial qualification, annual flight review, and proficiency flights in a 

sUAS will be documented and kept on file in the pilot’s Aircrew Training Record. Additional pages used to 

document individual training events such as Accident Investigation, etc. will be attached as applicable. See 

paragraph 1.5.3 of this manual.

5.5 Initial PIC Selection, Qualification, and Training

sUAS PICs will be selected on their ability to meet current FAA and RSL required qualifications, demonstrated 

ability to safely operate RSL sUAS IAW the exemption granted by the FAA, and their experience. Prior to 

designation as a PIC, the pilot will have logged a minimum of 10 hours as a UAS/sUAS rotorcraft / fixed wing 

pilot, with at least 5 being in the type sUAS operated by RSL that he/she will fly as a PIC. A PIC will have 

completed an RSL-approved training syllabus and check ride with the type of sUAS they will operate. All RSL

PICs must possess at least a recreational or sport pilot certificate and have a current driver’s license. PICs must 

also meet the flight review requirements specified in 14 CFR 61.56 in an aircraft in which they are rated on 

their pilot certificate.

RSL PICs can receive qualification training from the sUAS manufacturer, a formal UAS school, the Chief Pilot or 

a current PIC designated as a trainer by the Chief Pilot. Qualification training will vary with the sUAS involved, 

but may include:

 Ground training which will include a sUAS GCS checkout, handbook study, attendance at a formal 

aircraft training program, emergency procedure training and appropriate examinations.

 Simulator training, if available, to include normal and emergency procedure training.

 sUAS checkout flights, which will include a prescribed number of sUAS flights and landings while under 

the supervision of the Chief Pilot or a designated PIC trainer. Additional flights may be scheduled in 

order to meet training and proficiency for specific testing or mission requirements.

 A check ride with the sUAS or approved simulator or surrogate sUAS prior to being cleared for solo 

flights.

 Solo flights, if applicable, in which a prescribed number of sUAS flights in a given time are performed to 

gain proficiency, followed by sUAS flights of a limited nature or complexity.

Prior to the first sUAS flight of a newly designated PIC, the PIC must complete the following items:

 Accomplish or provide documentation of at least a current recreational or sport pilot certificate, 

currency in the type of aircraft, and a current driver’s license. 

 Assist the Chief Pilot in assembling their sUAS Aircrew Training Record to include an appropriate 

training syllabus.

 Complete applicable sUAS written examinations.

 Complete a sUAS emergency procedure review.

 Complete required readings: sUAS Flight and GCS Manuals, sUAS Checklists, and the FOM.

 Receive a safety briefing from the Chief Pilot or Chief Safety Officer.

 Complete required ground training in accordance with the approved RSL sUAS syllabus.

PICs who have not completed all specified ground training for a particular sUAS, may fly under the supervision 

of a qualified sUAS PIC or the Chief Pilot for familiarization. These flights shall not be counted as checkout 
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flights for the purpose of obtaining qualification in the sUAS. Flight crew will not perform flight duties in a 

position for which a documented training program has not been completed unless approved by the Chief Pilot 

and under the supervision a sUAS PIC.

5.6 Designated Trainers

PICs may conduct training for PIC candidates and VOs when designated as PIC trainers by the Chief Pilot. 

PICs are designated as sUAS trainers by the Chief Pilot based on the following criteria:

 Overall UAS experience

 Experience in the specific sUAS

 Experience in similar types of sUAS aircraft

 Training in simulators

 Knowledge of RSL UAS missions

 Demonstrated performance

5.7 sUAS Visual Observer (VO) Training & Checkout

RSL VOs will receive qualification training under the direction of the Chief Pilot or a current PIC trainer. The 

training program will be documented in writing and filed in the VO’s Aircrew Training Record.

VOs are designated based on their overall sUAS experience and familiarity with the flight operation being 

conducted. Knowledge of the basic operational limits and capabilities of RSL’s sUAS inventory for the flight 

operations is essential. Detailed knowledge of FAA/CAA regulations regarding separation requirements from 

non-participants, operations in congested and non-congested areas, buildings and other flight traffic is 

required. Comprehension of standard communication phraseology to be used in communications with the PIC 

is mandatory. Finally, demonstrating an understanding of actions necessary in the event of an emergency.

Following ground school on the areas mentioned above, VOs will be evaluated by the Chief Pilot or a PIC 

trainer during three test or training flight cycles to include a pre-flight brief, in-flight actions/observations, 

communications with the PIC, ATC (if applicable) and post-flight data collection and recording and debriefing.

6. sUAS Flight Crew Hours, Currency & Proficiency

6.1 Logging of Flight Time

All flight hours must be logged in a manner consistent with 14 CFR Part 61.51(Pilot Logbooks).

 sUAS PIC time is logged by the PIC that is controlling movement of the aircraft’s primary flight control 

surfaces either directly or through software manipulations.

6.2 PIC Currency Requirements

Once checked out to fly an RSL sUAS aircraft, PICs are responsible to maintain currency. These requirements 

have been established, and will be monitored, by the Chief Pilot. To remain current, PICs must accomplish 

three takeoffs and landings and log three flight hours per 90 days in the sUAS which they are qualified to 

operate.
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If 90 days have elapsed without the required takeoffs / landings or flight hours, the sUAS PIC must regain 

currency by reviewing normal and emergency procedures and sUAS vehicle limitations with the Chief Pilot or a 

PIC trainer. A letter documenting the required review above will be posted in the sUAS PIC’s flight folder. The 

sUAS PIC must then make a takeoff and landing with a current PIC trainer monitoring in order to regain 

currency.

If 180 days have elapsed since currency expiration, the sUAS pilot must complete a proficiency check ride as 

documented in the aircraft training folder.

The Chief Pilot may designate surrogate sUAS of similar performance and handling qualities to meet the 

landing currency requirement for specific sUAS.

6.3 Flight Review Requirements

Each pilot will complete an annual RSL sUAS review and refresher class to ensure proficiency. In addition, 

every pilot will complete an annual proficiency check ride conducted by the Chief Pilot for each type of sUAS in 

which they are qualified. A proficiency check ride requires the following items as a minimum: Flight planning, 

mission briefing, ground procedures, takeoff, normal and emergency landing patterns normally practiced in 

flight, post landing procedures, mission debriefing and other maneuvers deemed appropriate by the Chief 

Pilot. A surrogate aircraft or approved simulation device may be used, if deemed appropriate by the Chief 

Pilot. 

The RSL flight review date is based on the last day of the month in which the proficiency check ride is 

accomplished. Refresher class requirements will be determined by the Chief Pilot and documented in the sUAS 

Aircraft Folder. At a minimum, they shall include an open book and closed book exam.

PICs must also meet the flight review requirements specified in 14 CFR Part 61.56 in an aircraft in which the 

PIC is rated on his or her pilot certificate.

6.4 Grounding of Flight Crewmembers

Mandatory temporary grounding of sUAS flight crew will occur for the following reasons until the specified 

corrective action is completed:

 Expired driver’s license (for holders of a recreational or sport pilot certificate) or expired FAA airmen’s 

medical certificate

 Annual RSL sUAS Flight Review overdue. The Chief Pilot may use discretion and waive this requirement 

if a sUAS is unavailable or for other unforeseen circumstances, but the check ride must be completed 

expeditiously.

 Not completing the 24-month flight review mandated in Part 61.56.

 sUAS flight crew involved in a mishap while flying that results in loss of a UA, a midair collision with a 

manned aircraft, or a lower severity mishap or close call that created a high possibility for serious 

injury or death, will be suspended from all sUAS flight activities pending a review by the Chief Pilot. 

 The Chief Pilot has the authority and responsibility to temporarily ground sUAS flight crew, in writing, 

for a period of up to 30 days for flight discipline or flight safety violations or for other reasons as 
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deemed appropriate. He/she also has the authority and responsibility to recommend permanent 

grounding of flight crew.

 The duration and release from grounding will not exceed 30 days without referral to the President and 

CEO for recommended further action.

7. sUAS Flight Assignment & Planning

7.1 Flight Assignments and Crew Duty Limitations

Assigning sUAS crews and missions must take into account aircrew qualifications, proficiency, fatigue 

management policies, maintenance needs of the sUAS, and other scheduling conflicts caused by training, 

weather, and transportation to and from the operation sites.

Personnel may only be assigned to operate sUAS to which they are qualified to fly. Qualification records must 

be maintained by the Chief Pilot in the Aircrew Training Record.

Maximum sUAS primary flight crew (i.e. PICs, VOs) duty and flight times are shown below. sUAS crew duty 

time is the total time a crew is on duty before the final termination of a flight. sUAS crew duty time accrues 

consecutively and begins when a crewmember reports to his/her designated place of duty, including non-local 

travel time to the duty location (i.e. travel time that exceeds approximately 60 minutes in duration) and ends 

when the sUAS vehicles are stored. Each sUAS crewmember must have at least 10 hours off duty after 

completing all sUAS post flight activities prior to being required for a subsequent flight (i.e. either ground or 

flight duties). The following requirements can be waived by the Chief Pilot or a designated representative on 

an individual basis:

 Maximum crew duty time for single piloted sUAS = 14 hours.

 PIC’s may log a maximum of eight hours flight time in a 24 hour period, unless waived by the President

and CEO.

 Each sUAS flight operation must be evaluated to consider the type and tempo of operations when 

considering maximum shift periods for flight crew. Shorter sUAS crew duty times should be used to 

support very high or very low workload conditions. sUAS operations should be staffed to allow for 

periodic breaks for all required flight crew.

7.2 Minimum Required sUAS Vehicle Flight Crew Compliment

RSL requires one PIC and one VO for all flight operations, or the minimum specified by the FAA 

COA/authorized exemption, whichever is greater. The VO may be used to satisfy the FAA’s Visual Line of Sight 

(VLOS) requirement as long as the PIC always maintains VLOS capability. The VO and PIC must be able to 

communicate verbally at all times. The PIC must be designated before the flight and cannot transfer his or her 

designation for the duration of the flight.

7.3 Medical Considerations

The following will be followed by ALL flight crewmembers:

 PICs, and VOs will only operate sUAS and associated mission equipment when rested and emotionally 

prepared for the mission tasks.
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 Physical illness, exhaustion, emotional problems, and significant medical distractions can seriously 

impair judgment, memory and alertness. PICs and VOs will not perform flight duties when suffering 

from any of these conditions. 

 Crew members are expected to understand when medical problems may affect their ability to perform 

the mission tasks and therefore are responsible for assessing these conditions for themselves.

 A self-assessment of physical and mental condition shall be made by all members of the flight team 

during the pre-flight checklist.

 Performance can be seriously hampered by prescription and over the counter medication. The Chief 

Pilot and all members of the piloting team will be advised anytime such drugs are being taken. If it is 

determined that the medication being taken could hamper an operator, that member shall be 

prohibited from undertaking the mission until such time that the risk is no longer a factor.

 No member shall act as an operator or observer within twelve (12) hours after consumption of any 

alcoholic beverage, while under the influence of alcohol, or while having an alcohol concentration of 

0.04 (FAR 91.17).

7.4 Use of Other Psychoactive Substances

It is extremely important that all persons involved in aviation activities not be impaired in any manner. 

Therefore, RSL personnel working with any aspect of the sUAS program shall not be under the influence of any 

psychoactive substance that might in any way limit their ability to perform their duties in a safe and effective 

manner.

8. Flight Planning

The PIC is responsible to ensure that all flight planning documents required have been prepared and filed prior 

to takeoff. The PIC shall also ensure that flight planning requirements of the FARs (or non U.S. aviation agency 

under whose authority the flight is conducted) have been met.

The PIC is responsible for the proper loading, including weight and weight distribution, according to the sUAS 

Pilot Operations Handbook. The load shall be distributed to ensure that the Center of Gravity will remain 

within the prescribed limits throughout the entire flight.

The PIC shall be familiar with all available meteorological information appropriate to the intended flight. 

Preparation for every flight shall include:

 A review of available current weather reports and forecasts.

 The planning of an alternative course of action to provide for the eventuality that the flight cannot be 

completed as planned because of weather conditions.

The PIC will ensure the appropriate Home Point is set in the flight control system prior to each flight, utilizing 

the manufacturer’s procedures. The “Return To Home” capability is key to conducting safe sUAS operations. 

8.1 Flight Categories

 Training Flight: Flights for the purposes of training PICs and VOs and qualification / proficiency check 

rides may only be conducted during dedicated training sessions. Non-participating persons are not 

allowed within 500 feet of the operating area.
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 Operational Flight: Operational flights support the RSL mission.

 Functional Test Flight: Any UAS that has undergone maintenance or alterations that affect the UAS 

operation or flight characteristics, e.g. replacement of a flight critical component (motor, rotor, etc.), 

must undergo a functional test flight. The PIC who conducts the functional test flight must make an 

entry in the UAS aircraft records of the flight. The Chief Pilot may direct FTFs at any time. Functional 

test flights must be conducted by a PIC with a VO and must remain at least 500 feet from other people.

8.2 Operating Limitations and Conditions

The following limitations and conditions apply to RSL sUAS flight operations. Operating limitations and 

conditions must also be in compliance with the exemption conditions and limitations granted to RSL by the 

FAA. 

 Maximum ground speed of 40 knots

 No higher than 400 feet above ground level (AGL)

 Within visual line of sight (VLOS) of the PIC at all times, requiring the PIC to be able to use human vision 

unaided by any device other than corrective lenses, as specified on the PIC’s FAA-issued medical 

certificate.

 All operations must utilize a Visual Observer (VO) and the VO may be used to satisfy the VLOS 

requirement as long as the PIC always maintains VLOS capability. The VO and the PIC must be able to 

communicate verbally at all times.

 Electronic texting or messaging is not permitted during flight operations. 

 The sUAS may not be operated directly over consenting participating personnel below an altitude that 

is hazardous to persons on the surface in the event of a sUAS failure or emergency.

 The PIC must ensure that flight operations will be conducted at least 500 feet from all non-participating 

persons, vessels, vehicles, and structures unless:

a. Barriers or structures are present that sufficiently protect non-participating persons from the UAS

and/or debris in the event of an accident. The operator must ensure that non-participating persons 

remain behind/under such protection. If a situation arises where non-participating persons leave 

such protection and are within 500 feet of the UAS, flight operations must cease immediately in a 

manner ensuring the safety of non-participating persons; and

b. The owner/controller of any vessels, vehicles or structures has granted permission for operating 

closer to these objects and the PIC has made a safety assessment of the risk of operating closer to 

those objects and determined that it does not present an undue hazard.

Flight operations will not be conducted within five nautical miles of an airport reference point (ARP) as 

denoted in the current FAA Airport/Facility Directory. For airports not denoted with an ARP, the center of the 

airport symbol as denoted on the current FAA-published aeronautical chart, unless a letter of agreement with 

that airport’s management is obtained or otherwise permitted by a COA issued to the exemption holder.

8.3 sUAS Wind Limitations

Manufacturer’s wind limitations will be documented in the Aircraft Configuration Summary and not exceeded. 

The following RSL limitations shall be adhered to. In addition, the PIC should consider factors such as 

maximum gust or turbulence conditions for adequate flight control and the effect of the wind on power 

consumption while conducting the mission. 
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 sUAS (<25 kg): 15 knot headwind, 5 knot crosswind, 5 knot tailwind

 UAS (>25 kg): 20 knot headwind, 7 know crosswind, 7 knot tailwind

8.4 Weather Requirements

All RSL flights will be conducted under visual meteorological conditions (VMC), operations will not be 

conducted at night.

 UAS may not be operated less than 500 feet below or less than 2000 feet horizontally from a cloud or 

when visibility is less than 3 statute miles from the PIC.

 Flight in “Special VFR” is not allowed. 

 Flight in forecast icing conditions is prohibited.

 Flight within an area experiencing local effects from thunderstorms (i.e. gusting winds, lightning, rain, 

hail) is prohibited.

8.5 Power 

To begin a flight the PIC must ensure (considering wind and forecast weather) that there is enough available 

power for the UAS to conduct the intended operation and to operate after that for at least 5 minutes, or with 

the reserves recommended by the manufacturer, whichever is greater. The PIC will return the sUAS to the 

designated Home Point when battery level reaches 25%.

8.6 Airworthiness

The PIC is responsible to ensure that the aircraft Certificate of Airworthiness (CoA) is in force before 

commencing a flight. The CoA is not in force unless the equipment, systems and instruments prescribed in the 

applicable airworthiness standard and all required equipment are functioning correctly.

The CoA of an aircraft is also not in force if the aircraft has any malfunction or defect, unless the details of the 

malfunction or defect are recorded in the aircraft log and unmistakable warning is given at the flight crew 

station. In the case of deferred defects, the PIC shall assure the affected equipment will still allow the flight to 

be completed safely.

8.7 Air Traffic Control (ATC) Coordination

If applicable, PICs will submit a request with local ATC facilities to ensure they have a complete understanding 

of, and agree upon, the air traffic control procedures that will be used to ensure safe sUAS operations. This 

shall include a discussion of exclusive use airspace requirements, lost command-and-control link procedures, 

emergency procedures, de-confliction plan with any manned assets, and, flight termination procedures. While 

in flight, the UA must remain clear and yield the right of way to all other manned aviation operations and 

activities at all times.

8.8 Frequency Management

RSL sUASs will plan and operate on assigned and authorized frequencies only. All command-and-control 

frequencies and electromagnetic radiation emission from unmanned aircraft must be assigned and deconflicted by the RSL Chief Pilot. Before conducting operations, the radio frequency spectrum used for 

operation and control of the UA must comply with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or other 

appropriate government oversight agency requirements.
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8.9 Aircraft Configuration Summary

RSL’s sUAS aircraft may be modified to accomplish various operational objectives. It is critical to document all 

modifications that affect the operation of the sUAS, including normal and emergency procedures, 

instrumentation system operating procedures and flight limitations. The PIC will document these items on an 

Aircraft Configuration Summary which will be maintained in the sUAS Aircraft Folder. This documentation 

must be in place and accurately reflect the aircraft configuration prior to flight time.

8.10 Normal & Emergency Procedures

Normal and emergency procedures shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s operating manual. Any 

emergency procedures associated with an article flown on the sUAS will be documented on the Aircraft 

Configuration Summary. Normal and emergency procedure checklists will be maintained, and kept up to date 

by the Chief Pilot.

8.11 Operating Documents for Each Flight

The following documents must be accessible during UAS operations:

 Airworthiness Certificate (if applicable)

 Certificate of Authorization (COA) if applicable

 FAA Exemption

 Weight and balance form

 Normal Operating Procedures

 Emergency Procedures

 Aircraft Configuration Summary

 Flight Operations Manual

8.12 Operating Site Location Assessment

The area of operation will be physically examined by RSL personnel prior to the first flight to ensure the 

flight crew is fully knowledgeable about the area of operation. The assessment includes the following:

 Selection of the Home Point location for the RTH capability.

 Likely takeoff and departure and alternate recovery sites.

 Actual weather conditions.

 Wildlife conditions and presence.

 Air traffic operations.

 Spectrum interference from local sources (high-power broadcast signals, cell towers, etc.).

 Obstructions or other hazards not previously identified. 

 References for determining the maximum altitude (400 feet AGL unless amended by the COA).

8.13 Pre-Flight/Post-flight Inspections

Prior to each flight the PIC must inspect the UAS IAW the applicable RSL preflight checklist. If the inspection 

reveals a condition that affects the safe operation of the UAS, the aircraft is prohibited from operating until 

the necessary maintenance has been performed and the UAS is found to be in a condition for safe flight. The 

Ground Control Station must be included in the preflight inspection. All maintenance and alterations must be 

properly documented in the aircraft records.
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Completed Preflight checklists will be signed and dated by the PIC.

The PIC will conduct a post-flight inspection IAW the applicable RSL checklist, looking for any changes in the 

airworthiness of the system overall. 

8.14 Pre-Flight and Post Flight Briefings

Flight planning and briefing is an essential part of the process for conducting sUAS flights in a safe and efficient 

manner. All sUAS flights conducted by RSL personnel and sUAS vehicles will be planned and briefed in 

accordance with this manual to ensure thorough preparation.

The crew briefing is an essential part of the process for conducting sUAS flights. This briefing is normally the 

last formal briefing and presentation prior to the actual sUAS flight. This briefing should be conducted by the 

PIC flying the mission with all crew members present. The intent is to cover all operational aspects of the 

mission and to promote full understating among all participants. The guidelines for conducting crew briefings 

are listed below.

The following personnel shall attend a sUAS flight crew briefing:

 All required sUAS flight crewmembers

 Other personnel deemed necessary for proper mission planning and execution

Briefing formats should cover the following information:

 Weather

 Operation flight plan/flight profile

 Designated Home Point position for RTH capability

 Mission rules / limitations / Go and No-Go Criteria

 Aircraft Status

 Crew Status

 Crew coordination items

 Emergency procedures

 Battery charge / status

Post-flight debriefings will be conducted to discuss general flight conduct, mission accomplishments, UAS 

maintenance status, lessons learned and areas for improvement. 

8.15 Records & Data Logs

All flight operations require records keeping. Records for each daily flight period should include all signed preflight checklists, risk assessment worksheets (if applicable), and pilot reports. Any data taken during the 

mission should be saved according to the prevailing regulations and laws of the state or country of operation. 

Flight data recording should be saved and assessed for safety implications, efficiency adjustments, and privacy 

protection.
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9. Emergency Procedures

The PIC should declare an emergency when any abnormal situations affect the safety of flight. Management of 

the emergency will be in accordance with the sUAS SOP and well defined as to:

 Who will fly the aircraft

 Who will accomplish the checklist

 Who will navigate and communicate with ATC

The PIC has the option to terminate the emergency call if later developments so dictate.

9.1 Fly Away Procedures

In the case of a rogue aircraft (i.e. fly away) the pilot and flight crew / team shall make every effort to reestablish control of the sUAS and land immediately as safety allows. Information on location, direction of 

travel, altitude, and expected vehicle behavior will be relayed to all authorities.

9.2 Unscheduled Departure of the Flight Area Procedures

Any flight operation that transgresses the lateral or vertical boundaries of the operational area as defined by 

the applicable COA must be reported to the FAA’s UAS Integration Office (AFS-80) within 24 hours by the PIC. 

In addition, local Air Traffic Control, Flight Test supervisors, other aircraft, and ground crews will also be 

informed as soon as practicable.

10. Mishaps 

An aviation mishap is defined as an unplanned event or series of events, directly involving an RSL sUAS, or 

associated with the operation of a RSL sUAS, which results in one or both of the following:

 Damage to RSL sUAS, other aircraft, or property (RSL or non-RSL). 

 An injury, such as a cut, fracture, or burn to any person.

10.1 Aviation Mishap Categories & Classes

Aviation mishaps are divided into three categories:

 Flight Mishap (FM) – A mishap which results in damage to an RSL sUAS, or the loss of a RSL sUAS, when 

intent for flight existed at the time of the mishap. Other property damage, injury or death is not 

considered.

 Flight-Related Mishap (FRM) – A mishap which results in damage to an RSL sUAS when intent for flight 

existed at the time of the mishap, in addition to one of the following: property damage, or a reportable 

injury or death.

 Aviation Ground Mishap (AGM) – A mishap which results in damage to an RSL sUAS, the loss of an RSL

sUAS, property damage, or a reportable injury or death; and intent for flight did not exist at the time of 

the mishap.

10.2 Aviation Mishap Response

In the event an RSL sUAS has a mishap, the PIC shall make immediate positive contact with his/her immediate 

supervisor. Voice mail and e-mail messages are not considered positive contact. The PIC and all RSL personnel 

will then follow the RSL Emergency Response Plan (Appendix D).
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10.3 Hazards and Hazard Reports

One purpose of the RSL Safety Program is to detect and eliminate hazards before they become mishaps. 

Reporting and examining close calls, unrealized exposures, and vulnerable situations via Hazard Reports 

increases safety and awareness. sUAS Hazard Reports are submitted to the immediate supervisor. After the 

hazard is investigated and corrective actions are implemented, Hazard Reports shall be distributed to all 

affected RSL personnel.

10.4 Mishap Reporting

The immediate supervisor will be notified of any mishap immediately after emergency actions are taken 

and/or first aid is rendered and the situation has stabilized.

Within 24 hours, any incident or accident meeting the criteria in 10.1 must be reported to the FAA’s UAS 

Integration Office (AFS-80) and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) per instructions contained on 

the NTSB Web site: www.ntsb.gov. NBCU personnel shall follow the mishap reporting guidance and 

requirements set forth in NTSB Part 830, Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents or Incidents.

 
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Appendices

Appendix A Definitions

Appendix B Risk Assessment Worksheet and 

Matrix

Appendix C Pre-Flight, Takeoff, Landing 

Checklist

Appendix D Emergency Response Plan
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Appendix A: Definitions

UAS – Unmanned Aircraft System SMS – Safety Management System

UA – Unmanned Aircraft SO – Safety Officer

sUAS – Small Unmanned Aircraft System PIC – Pilot In Command

sUA – Small Unmanned Aircraft VO – Visual Observer

GCS – Ground Control Station

FAA – Federal Aviation Administration

ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization
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Appendix B: Risk Assessment Worksheet and Matrix

NBCU EQUIPMENT Assessor Date

ORIGINAL  UPDATE  Reason for update:

Overall 

Rating

Underlying Hazard, Related 

Mitigation and Reference

EXPOSURE – POTENTIAL 

EXTENT OF RISK/LOSS TO RSL

HOLDINGS

Extreme 

High 

Medium 

Low 

LIKELIHOOD

1=Low Description

Operational Factors 5=Extreme

  Airspace Deconfliction

  Environment/Weather

  Terrain/Obstacles

  VLOS operation

  Frequency Deconfliction

Technical Factors

  Airframe Airworthiness/Mx Status

  GCS/software status

  Link type

  Fuel/Battery/Endurance

  Flight type (Autonomous/Manual) 

Human Factors

  Flight crew qualifications

  Number of pilots/observers

  Experience

  Currency – Aircraft

  GCS Operability



 Fatigue

  Company culture

RISK MATRIX FACTORS

(USE THE FOLLOWING GRAPHIC TO DETERMINE VALUES FOR 

THE FOLLOWING FACTORS)

  Risk to life

  Risk to equipment/property

  Risk to corporate reputation

  Risk to environment

1-40 = Low, 40-60 = Medium

TOTAL SCORE 60-80 = High, 80-100 = Extreme
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Risk Matrix

Risks should be managed to be as low as reasonably practicable. Every risk must be balanced against the time, 

cost and difficulty of taking measures to reduce or eliminate the risk. The level of risk can be lowered by 

reducing the severity of the potential consequences, reducing the likelihood, or probability, of the risk 

happening by reducing the exposure to that risk. The graphic below illustrates categories of severity and 

likelihood that should be considered when assigning risk values to the “Risk Matrix Factors” in the Risk 

Assessment Worksheet (above).

Severity

Likelihood

Minimal

1

Minor

2

Major

3

Hazardous

4

Catastrophic

5

Extremely 

Improbable

1

Low Low Low Medium High

Medium

Improbable

2

Low Low Medium Medium High

Remote

3

Low Medium Medium High High

Probable

4

Low Medium High High High

Frequent

5

Low Medium High High High

Risk Assessment

(See a sample of a Risk Assessment Worksheet at Appendix B)

Extreme Risk

If the risks imposed to the operation, to the public, or to the aviation community in general is considered 

Extreme, the flight operation must be postponed until the risk can be mitigated sufficiently. 

High Risk

If the risk is considered High, the PIC must contact the Chief Pilot, or any member of the Executive Team, to 

attain final go ahead for the flight operation.

Medium Risk

If the risk is considered Medium, the PIC must document the risk assessment and mitigations undertaken to 

address the hazards, but may still fly according to mission details.

Low Risk

Below Low risk, the mission may go ahead as planned taking into considerations the hazards that exist.
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Appendix C: Pre-Flight, Takeoff, Landing Checklist

PREFLIGHT CHECKLIST

 Flight path is at least 500 feet from all non-participating persons, vessels and structures

 Confirm all communication radios are operational

 Walk perimeter of flight operations for ground and air hazards

 Set a perimeter of 100 feet around PIC & GCS clear of people

 Inspect all booms and props for excessive flex indicating structural fatigue/failure

 Actuators/Servos

 Transmission (for each single rotor)

 Power plant (motors)

 Rotors

 Micro-SD card inserted

 Batteries (condition and charge)

 Flight radius and altitude limits have been set

 Flight indicator lights on aircraft indicate that the Home Point is properly set

 Have a manual flight plan to avoid obstacles in the event that a pilot must take manual control

 Load the automated flight plan into the GCS according manufacturer’s design

 Clean all payload lenses and calibrate sensor ball for operations

 Ensure that the payload sensors are in operational shape prior to initializing power on

 Engage payload

 Ensure data link is installed, and data is being transferred from payload sensor to GCS/data 

management system

 Power on GCS and ensure the link between aircraft and GCS can be established per manufacturer’s 

manual

 Ensure data link is active and that the altitude gauge reads roughly 0 AGL 

 Identify and communicate Emergency Procedures specific to the mission and location, as well as 

alternative landing sites in the case of forced landing

 Available Documents:

o Copy of FAA Flight Exemption/COA

o Signed copy of permission for site use of UAS by the owner of the property on hand and easily 

accessible.

o Proof of contact with local ATC if an active air traffic management system is responsible for 

area of operations.

o List of local airport and air traffic control contact information, this could include:

 Phone Numbers

 Radio frequencies

 E-mail

 Any other components as determined by the operator

TAKEOFF CHECKLIST

 Confirm clear for takeoff with Air Traffic Control (or any authority in the area responsible for air traffic 

monitoring)
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 Follow takeoff procedures outlined in the manufacturer’s manual - including GPS engage, power up, 

fuel/engine selection

LANDING CHECKLIST

 Confirm that Landing Area is Clear

 Confirm with Air Traffic Control that you are cleared to land

 Acknowledge to all Team Members that you are intending to land

 Ensure sufficient fuel/battery capacity to land

 Note any obstacles or hazards that have arisen during flight that may impede landing

 Announce vocally and loudly over all communications “Landing”

 Upon landing, cut power to engines, ensure transmitters are powered off, conduct inspection

 Record and Note the elapsed time of the flight, complete Flight Log

Appendix D: Emergency Response Plan

These Instructions and Checklists will be used by all RSL personnel to respond to a UAS mishap, accident or 

overdue vehicle. They will be available near each GCS to be used to report an emergency. The local phone 

numbers listed below must be filled in before launch.

1. Report emergencies immediately as per the appropriate checklist.

2. If all information is not available, do not delay reporting while information is being gathered.

3. Report by the fastest means available.

4. If at all possible, report by the most private means. For example, if you have to use a radio, provide 

only as much specific information as is absolutely necessary to ensure a rapid response to the 

emergency, (i.e. do not give names etc.).

5. Do not make any statements to the media. Media inquiries shall be directed to the Media Affairs office.

6. Remember to keep calm (panic or undue haste can cost lives) and to act in a responsible, professional 

manner.

7. Keep communication lines clear for emergency purposes only.

8. Keep notes on all communications, observations and actions.

9. In the case of a sUAS accident, the person managing the situation will:

 Organize on-site assistance as necessary by contacting:

o Medical Aid

o Ambulance services

o Fire Departments

o Police

 Contact the Chief Pilot.

 If injury or property damage has occurred, ensure that the aircraft, its components and contents 

are not moved or otherwise disturbed, except to prevent destruction by fire or other cause, or to 

avoid danger to any person or property, without approval of the State civil aviation accident 

investigation authority in which the accident occurred.

 Do not change any settings on the GCS or remove any media storage except to protect as evidence.

Telephone Numbers (to be available at each GCS location):
Resilient Solutions Ltd sUAS Flight Operations Manual Revision: 

Revision Date: 

Issue Date: 1 September 2015 Page 30 of 30

This document is RSL proprietary. The printed copy of this document is not the official version.

Local Police

Local Sheriff

Hospital (closest)

Ambulance

Fire Department

Local FSDO

Regional NTSB

FAA Regional Ops Center

HQ Contact Number