1

List of References from EPA Response to 2,4-D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link/Type

1) Petition of Natural Resources Defense Council to Revoke All Tolerances and 

Cancel All Registrations for the Pesticide 2,4-D (November 6, 2008).

http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877-0002

2) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Memorandum 

from Elizabeth Resek to Jim Downing, “Transmittal of Meeting Minutes of the 

FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting Held on March 25-26, 2008 to 

review and consider the Endocrine Disrupter Screening Program (EDSP) 

Proposed Tier 1 Screening Battery.” (June 11, 2008).

http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/me

etings/2008/march/minutes2008-

03-25.pdf

3) Marino, T.; Coady, K.; Sosinski, L.; et al. (2010) 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic 

Acid: A Fish Short-Term Reproduction Assay Using the Fathead Minnow, 

Pimephales promelas. Project Number: 101026. Unpublished study prepared 

by Dow Chemical, USA. 155 p. MRID 48317001.

Study

4) Coady, K.; Marino, T.; Thomas, J. (2010) 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: 

The Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay Using the South African Clawed Frog, 

Xenopus laevis. Project Number: 101025. Unpublished study prepared by Dow 

Chemical, USA. 152 p. MRID 48317002.

Study

5) Schisler, M.; LeBaron, M.; Visconti, N. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening 

Program): Evaluation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) in an in vitro 

Androgen Receptor Binding Assay. Project Number: 111111/OCR. 

Unpublished study prepared by Exponent, Inc. and The Dow Chemical Co. 

91p. MRID 48614301.

Study

6) Coady, K.; Sosinski, L. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program): 2,4-

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: Evaluation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid 

in the Human Recombinant Aromatase Assay. Project Number: 111036/OCR 

31868 P803. Unpublished study prepared by Exponent, Inc. and The Dow 

Chemical Co. 98p. MRID 48614302.

Study

7) LeBaron, M.; Schisler, M.; Visconti, N. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening 

Program): 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: Evaluation of 2,4-

dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) in an in vitro Estrogen Receptor Binding 

Assay. Project Number: 111121/OCR. Unpublished study prepared by The 

Study
2

List of References from EPA Response to 2,4-D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link/Type

Dow Chemical Co., and Exponent, Inc. 91p. MRID 48614303.

8) LeBaron, M.; Kan, H. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program): 

Evaluation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid (2,4-D) in an in vitro Estrogen 

Receptor Transcriptional Activation Assay in Human Cell Line HELA-9903. 

Project Number: 111043/OCR. Unpublished study prepared by Exponent, Inc., 

and The Dow Chemical Co. 109p.MRID 48614304.

Study

9) LeBaron, M.; Kan, H.; Perala, A. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening 

Program): Evaluation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) in the in 

vitro Steroidogenesis Assay. Project Number: 111038/OCR. Unpublished 

study prepared by Exponent, Inc., and The Dow Chemical Co. 78p. MRID 

48614305.

Study

10) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from 

Greg Ackerman to Katie Weyrauch, “2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) 

- Report of the Endocrine Disruptor Review Team - Test Order #: EDSP–

031001-120” (December 20, 2010).

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

11) EPA, A User’s Guide to Available EPA Information on Assessing Exposure to 

Pesticides in Food (June 21, 2000).

http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPAPEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf

12) Office of Pesticide Programs, EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs’ Policy on 

the Determination of the Appropriate FQPA Safety Factor(s) for Use in the 

Tolerance Setting Process (February 28, 2002).

http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/trac/

science/determ.pdf

13) Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Memorandum from Stephen 

L. Johnson to Douglas D. Campt, “Transmittal of Final FIFRA Scientific 

Advisory Panel Reports on the June 25, 1987 meeting” (July 8, 1987). 

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

14) EPA, Scientific Advisory Panel Open Meeting (June 25, 1987). Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

15) EPA, An SAB Report: Assessment of Potential 2,4-D Carcinogenicity. 

Review of the Epidemiological and Other Data on Potential Carcinogenicity of 

2,4-D by the SAB/SAP Joint Committee. (March 22, 1994).

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

16) EPA, Carcinogenicity Peer Review (4th) of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 

(2,4-D). (January 29, 1997).

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov
3

List of References from EPA Response to 2,4-D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link/Type

17) EPA, Agency Review of Task Force II Study Submission: MRID 44284501 

and MRID 44284502. (March 16, 1999).

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

18) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Reregistration 

Eligibility Decision for 2,4-D (June 2005).

http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/RED

s/24d_red.pdf

19) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Memorandum 

from Timothy C. Dole to Katie Hall, “2,4-D. HED's Revised Human Health 

Risk Assessment for the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Revised to 

Reflect Public Comments. PC Code 030001; DP Barcode D316597” (May 12, 

2005).

http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2004-0167-0219

20) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from 

Alexandra LaMay to Michael Walsh, “Petition for the Establishment of a New 

Formulation of 2,4-D Choline on Herbicide Tolerant Field Corn Containing the 

Aryloxyalkanoate Dioxygenase-1 (ADD-1) Gene. (October 27, 2011).

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

21) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from 

Alexandra LaMay to Michael Walsh, “2,4-D: Amended Petition for the 

Establishment of a New Formulation of 2,4-D Choline on Herbicide Tolerant 

Field Corn Containing the Aryloxyalkanoate Dioxygenase-1 (ADD-1) Gene.” 

(February 22, 2012).

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

22) NRDC, “Supplement To The Natural Resources Defense Council Petition To 

Revoke All Tolerances And Cancel All Registrations For The Pesticide 2,4 D” 

(February 23, 2009).

http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877-0305

23) Boston Women’s Health Book Collective, et al., Objections to the 

establishment of a tolerance for pesticide chemical residues of 2,4-D. OPP 

301219. (May 7, 2002). 

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

24) Beyond Pesticides, NRDC, et. al. comments on RED 2004. At regulations.gov 

EPA-HQ-OPP-2004-0167-0072 (August 23, 2004).

http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2004-0167-0072

25) Agricultural Retailers Association et al. Docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877. Available at regulations.gov EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0877-0104.http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877-0104
4

List of References from EPA Response to 2,4-D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link/Type

26) Industry Task Force II on 2,4-D Research Data, “Comments on The Natural 

Resource Defense Council’s Petition to Revoke All Tolerances and Cancel All 

Registrations for the Pesticide 2,4-D” (February 23, 2009).

http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877-0350

27) National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc., “Re: Docket # EPAHQ-OPP-2008-0877 (February 20, 2009).http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877-0286

28) Beyond Pesticides, “Re: Petition to Revoke all Tolerances and Cancel all 

Registrations for the Pesticide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D); 

Docket Number: EPA-OPP-2008-0877” (February 23, 2009). 

http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877-0306

29) New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, New York State 

Department of Health, “RE: EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0877” (February 23, 2009).

http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877-0323

30) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from 

Linda Taylor, Nancy McCarroll, and Khin Swe Oo to Joel Wolf, “2,4-D: 

Evaluation of Data Identified in NRDC Petition and Associated Documents” 

(March 27, 2012). 

http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu

mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877-0450

31) Risk Assessment Branch VII, Health Effects Division (7509P), EPA, 2,4-D: 

Review of Extended 1-Generation Reproduction Study and Dose-RangeFinding and Pharmacokinetic Titration Studies. D376556. MRID 47972101, 

47417901, 47417902. (November 30, 2010).

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

32) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from 

Linda Taylor to Katie Weyrauch, “2,4-D: Revised Executive Summary of the 

Data Evaluation record of the Extended 1-Generation Reproduction Study” 

(June 1, 2011).

Available in docket EPA-HQ-OPP2008-0877 at regulations.gov

33) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects 

Test Guidelines, OPPTS 870.3800: Reproduction and Fertility Effects (August 

1998).

http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/SuppD

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of aquatic herbicides and surfactants using a rainbow trout vitellogenin assay. 

Toxicological Sciences 87(2):391-398, 2005.

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5

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36) Charles, J.M.; Cunny, H.C.; Wilson, R.D.; Bus, J.S. Comparative subchronic 

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37) Liu, R.C.; Hahn; Hurtt, M.E. The direct effect of hepatic peroxisome 

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38) Kim, H.J.; Park, Y.I.; Dong, M.S. Effectos of 2,4-D and DCP on the DHTinduced androgenic action in human prostate cancer cells. Toxocological 

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39) Kim, H.J.; Kim, W.D,, et al. Mechanism of phenoxy compounds as an 

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40) Duffard, R.; Bortolozzi, Ferri A.; Garcia, G., Evangelista de Duffard A.M. 

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41) Lerda, D.; Rixxi, R. Study of reproductive function in persons occupationally 

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42) Garry, V.F.; Schreinemachers, D.; Harkins, M.E., et al. Pesticide appliers, 

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43) Garry, V.F.; Hawkins, M.E.; Erickson, L.L.; Long-Simpson, L.K.; Holland, 

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44) Garry, V.F.; Tarone, R.E.; Kirsch, I.R.; Abdallah, J.M.; Lombardi, D.P.; Long, 

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45) Malysheva, L.N.; and Zhavoronkov, A.A. (1997). Morphological and 

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48) Bortolozzi, A.; Evanglista de Duffard, A.M.; Dajas, F.; Duffard, R. Silveira, R. 

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51) Konjuh, C.; Garcia, G.; Lopez, L.; De Duffard, A.M.; Brusco, A.; Duffard, R. 

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52) EPA, Guidelines for Mutagenicity Risk Assessment (1986). http://www.epa.gov/raf/publication

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7

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53) Dearfield et al. (1991), Considerations in the U.S. Environmental Protection 

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56) Dearfield, K.; Cimino, M.; McCarroll, N.; Mauer, I.; Valcovic, L., 2002. 

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57) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects 

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59) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects 

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60) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects 

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65) Gonzalez, M.; Solenski, S.; Reigosa, M.A.; Larramendy, M.L. Genotoxicity of

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66) Arias, E. Sister chromatid exchange induction by the herbicide 2,4-

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67) Arias, E. Cytogenetic Effects of Short- and Long-term Exposure of Chick 

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68) Office of Pesticide Programs, EPA, Reevaluation of the Genetic Toxicology 

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71) Figgs, L.W.; Holland, N.T.; Rothman, N.; Zahm, S.H., et al. Increased 

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72) Holland, N.T.; Duramad, P.; Rothman, N.; Giggs, L.W., et al. Micronucleus Copyrighted
9

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frequency and proliferation in human lymphocytes after exposure to herbicide 

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in vitro and in vivo. Mutation Research

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74) Bukowska, B. Effects of 2,4-D and its metabolite 2,4-dichlorophenol on 

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75) Venkov, P.; Topashka-Ancheva, M.; Georgieva, M.; Alexieva, V.; Karanov, E. 

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76) Tripathy, N.K.; Routray, P.K.; Sahu, G.P.; Kumar; A.A. Genotoxicity of 2,4-

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77) Sturtz, N.; Bongiovanni, B., et al. Detection of 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid 

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78) Marty, M.S.; S.A. Saghir; C.L. Zablotny; A.J. Clark; A.W. Perala; B.L. Yano; 

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79) Tasker, E. (1985) A Dietary Two-Generation Reproduction Study in Fischer 

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80) Brown, R. (1986) A Dietary Two-generation Reproduction Study in Fischer 

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10

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Report: [Microscopic Evaluation of the Kidneys of the FO, F1 and F1b Male 

Rats]: Project No. WIL-81137. Unpublished study prepared by WIL Research 

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11

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90) Feldmann, R.J.; Maibach, H.I., 1974. Percutaneous penetration of some 

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