# Patent

## Title
Electrical connector and connector terminal

## Abstract

The electrical connector includes: a housing having a terminal space therein; and a connector terminal to be housed in the terminal space. The connector terminal includes: a terminal body operable to be inserted into the terminal space; and a lance formed at the terminal body for preventing the terminal body from being pulled out of the terminal space. The terminal space includes a pair of walls. The lance includes: a first elastically deformable portion outwardly extending from the terminal body; and a second elastically deformable portion being continuous with a distal end of the first portion, and being disposed outwardly of the first portion relative to the terminal body. A gap is formed between the terminal body and each of the walls, and the first and second portions can pass the gap in an elastically deformed condition.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electrical connector including a connector terminal which is to be inserted into a terminal space formed in a housing, and has a lance preventing the connector terminal from being pulled out of the terminal space.
Description of the Related Art
A certain kind of a connector terminal is inserted into a terminal space formed in a housing. The connector terminal is formed with one or more lances for preventing the connector terminal from being pulled out of the terminal space, even if a cable connected to the connector terminal is pulled.
FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a conventional connector terminal with a lance, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open on No. 1999-3739.
The illustrated connector terminal 1017 includes a contact section 1018 being hollow and having a rectangular cross-section. An elastic contact piece 1024 is formed on an upper surface of the contact section 1018. The elastic contact piece 1024 includes a flat portion 1026, and a raised portion 1025 projecting centrally on the flat portion 1026 and to be engaged with an engagement hole of a connector housing (not shown).
FIG. 33 is a perspective view of another conventional connector terminal with a pair of lances, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open on No. 2005-85649.
The illustrated connector terminal includes a body 1101 being hollow and having a rectangular cross-section. The body 1101 is formed on left and right sidewalls 1102 and 1103 thereof with a pair of lances 1104 f. Each of the lances 1104 outwardly inclines from the left and right sidewalls 1102 and 1103 such that a portion of the lances 1104 is remoter from the left and right sidewalls 1102 and 1103 at a direction 1105 in which a pin (not shown) is inserted into the body 1101.
The conventional connector terminals illustrated in FIGS. 32 and 33 are inserted into a terminal space with the lance or lances for abutting on a ceiling and/or a sidewall(s) of the terminal space, and thus, the lance or lances is/are closed. If the lance or lances is/are compressed at a proximal end(s) thereof by a ceiling and/or a sidewall(s) of the terminal space when the connector terminals are inserted into the terminal space. The lance or lances is/are sometimes plastically deformed with the proximal end(s) thereof being closed. As a result, the lance or lances cannot be open, and accordingly, the connector terminals may be pulled out of the terminal space, if a cable is intensively pulled.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional connector terminals, an object of the present invention to provide a connect and/or a terminal each being capable of preventing a lance or lances from being plastically deformed, to thereby ensure high reliability to mechanical connection of the connector terminal with a terminal space.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrical connector including the above-mentioned connector terminal.
A first aspect according to the present invention provides an electrical connector, comprising: a housing including a terminal space formed therein; and a connector terminal operable to be housed in the terminal space, wherein: the connector terminal includes: a terminal body operable to be inserted into the terminal space; and at least one lance formed at the terminal body for preventing the terminal body from being pulled out of the terminal space; the terminal space includes a pair of walls to which the at least one lance is engaged when the terminal body is inserted into the terminal space, the at least one lance includes: a first portion outwardly extending from the terminal body at a first inclination angle, and; a second portion being continuous with a distal end of the first portion, and spreading outwardly of the first portion relative to the terminal body; each of the first portion and the second portion being elastically deformable; a gap is formed between the terminal body and each of the pair of walls; and each of the first portion and the second portion is able to pass the gap in an elastically deformed condition.
In the electrical connector in accordance with the present invention, between the terminal body of the connector terminal and each of the walls formed in the terminal space is formed a gap through which the second portion of the lance is able to pass. Thus, there can be ensured a sufficient clearance between the terminal body of the connector terminal and each of the walls, and hence, the lance contacts each of the walls at a location closer to a distal end thereof than a proximal end thereof. Accordingly, the lance is able to maintain elastic recovery force thereof to thereby prevent a proximal end thereof from being plastically deformed.
A second aspect according to the present invention provides, in addition to the first aspect, wherein: the gap is set up in a manner such that when the terminal body is inserted into the terminal space, the at least one lance contacts each of the pair of walls at a location closer to a distal end of the at least one lance than a center of the at least one lance in a length-wise direction thereof.
By so designing the lance, it is possible to avoid for the lance to contact at a proximal end thereof each of the walls.
A third aspect according to the present invention provides, in addition to the first aspect, wherein the second portion is remoter from the terminal body at a location closer to a distal end thereof.
As the terminal body of the connector terminal forwards, a location at which the lance contacts the walls moves towards a distal end of the lance. Thus, the lance can be gradually closed in accordance with a distance between the second portion and the terminal body. Thus, the connector terminal can be smoothly inserted into the terminal space, avoiding the lance from being interfered with the walls.
A fourth aspect according to the present invention provides, in addition to the first aspect, wherein the second portion inclines relative to the terminal body at a second inclination angle greater than the first inclination angle.
A fifth aspect according to the present invention provides, in addition to the first aspect, wherein the second portion is constituted of a U-shaped portion continuous to a distal end of the first portion.
A sixth aspect according to the present invention provides, in addition to the fifth aspect, wherein the second portion is fabricated by outwardly folding a distal end of the first portion.
A seventh aspect according to the present invention provides, in addition to the first aspect, wherein the at least one lance is fabricated from a part of a sidewall of the terminal body, the part of the sidewall being partially cut and being caused to stand relative to the terminal body.
An eighth aspect according to the present invention provides, in addition to the first aspect, wherein each of the pair of walls is formed with an inclined surface such that a distance between the pair of walls is enlarged.
A ninth aspect according to the present invention provides, in addition to the fifth aspect, wherein the second portion is formed at an end surface thereof with an inclined surface.
The advantages obtained by the aforementioned present invention will be described hereinbelow.
In the electrical connector in accordance with the present invention, there is formed a gap between the terminal body of the connector terminal and each of the walls formed in the terminal space. The second portion of the lance is designed to be able to pass the gap. Since a sufficient clearance can be ensured between the terminal body of the connector terminal and each of the walls, the lance contacts each of the walls at a location closer to a distal end thereof than a proximal end thereof. Accordingly, the lance is able to maintain elastic recovery force thereof to thereby prevent a proximal end thereof from being plastically deformed. Thus, it is possible to prevent the lance from being plastically deformed, ensuring high reliability to the connection between the connector terminal and the terminal space.
The advantages obtained by the aforementioned present invention will be described hereinbelow.
The connector terminal according to the present invention is inserted into the terminal space, and thus, the folded portion of the elastic contact piece runs onto a raised portion, resulting in that the part of the elastic contact piece is exposed out of the terminal body, and further, the second end of the elastic contact piece, which is a free end, contacts the bottom wall to thereby act as a fulcrum for supporting the elastic contact piece. Thus, when having not been yet inserted into a housing, the connector terminal according to the present invention makes it possible to prevent the elastic contact piece from being damaged and/or deformed, and further, to ensure a sufficient spring length when the connector terminal is inserted into the housing, to thereby ensure a necessary contact pressure between the elastic contact piece and another terminal.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first electrical connector in a preferable embodiment according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the first electrical connector illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a connector terminal;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a side view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 4, showing that the elastic contact piece is lifted up, resulting in that the elastic contact piece projects out of a terminal body;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a projecting terminal illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a second electrical connector in the preferable embodiment according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the second electrical connector illustrated in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a first cylindrical terminal of in the second electrical connector illustrated in FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a second cylindrical terminal of the second electrical connector illustrated in FIG. 10;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the first connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 1 and the second connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 10 are fitted with each other;
FIG. 15 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing a state where the first connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 1 and the second connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 10 are fitted with each other;
FIG. 16 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing a state where the first connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 1 and the second connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 10 are fitted with each other next to FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the first connector terminal and the second connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 14 are fitted with each other;
FIG. 18 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state where the first connector terminal and the second connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 15 are fitted with each other;
FIG. 19 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state sifted from the state where the first connector terminal and the second connector terminal are fitted with each other in FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a contacting state between the first connector terminal in FIG. 3 illustrated in FIG. 3 and the first cylindrical terminal illustrated in FIG. 12;
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a contacting state between the first connector terminal in FIG. 3 illustrated in FIG. 3 and the first cylindrical terminal illustrated in FIG. 12;
FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a contacting state between the first connector terminal and the first cylindrical terminal illustrated in FIG. 21;
FIG. 23A is a partial cross-sectional view of a terminal space into which the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 3 is inserted;
FIG. 23B is a partial cross-sectional view of a terminal space in which the elastic contact piece runs onto a raised portion next to FIG. 23A;
FIG. 24 is a side view of the connector terminal including an elastic contact piece according to a variant;
FIG. 25 is a bottom view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 24 according to the variant;
FIG. 26 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 3, showing a state before being inserted into a terminal space;
FIG. 27 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 3, showing a state after having been inserted into a terminal space next to FIG. 26;
FIG. 28 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 3 according to a first variant, showing a state before being inserted into the terminal space;
FIG. 29 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connector terminal, showing a state after having been inserted into the terminal space next to FIG. 28;
FIG. 30 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 3 according to the second variant, showing a state before being inserted into the terminal space;
FIG. 31 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connector terminal illustrated in FIG. 30, showing a condition after having been inserted into a terminal space;
FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a conventional connector terminal; and
FIG. 33 is a perspective view of another conventional connector terminal.



DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A connector terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be explained hereinbelow with reference to drawings.
In the specification, with respect to words of “front and rear,” a word of “front” means a side through which the two electrical connectors are fit into each other, and a word of “rear” means the opposite side of the “front”.
A first electrical connector 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 and a second electrical connector 20 illustrated in FIG. 10 can be used for connecting various kinds of sensors with a wire harness, for example. The second electrical connector 20 is the connector terminal according to the present invention.
First, the first electrical connector 10 is explained hereinbelow with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 14, the first electrical connector 10 includes: an outer housing 11 (a first housing) into which the second electrical connector 20 illustrated in FIG. 10 is fit; a plurality of first contact terminals 12 (connector terminals) through which the first electrical connector 10 is electrically connected with the second electrical connector 20; and a projecting terminal 13 through which the first electrical connector 10 is electrically connected with the second electrical connector 20.
The outer housing 11 is cylindrical in shape. The outer housing 11 is constituted of a first member 111 and a second member 112.
The first member 111 includes a cover portion 111a at a rear end of the outer housing 11. The cover portion 111a protects a connector through which cables C are connected with terminals (the first contact terminals 12 and the projecting terminal 13), and houses a seal 124 (See, FIG. 3.) therein. The first member 111 further includes a first shaft 114 provided with a terminal space R1 into which the projecting terminal 13 is to be inserted. The first shaft 114 extends coaxially with a central axis L1 of the outer housing 11.
As illustrated in FIG. 15, the first shaft 114 is designed to have three stages each having a diameter increasing toward a proximal end from an open end thereof. Specifically, the first shaft 114 includes: a front end stage; a middle stage; and a rear end stage, in which the front stage has a diameter smaller than that of the middle stage, and the middle stage has a smaller diameter than that the rear end stage.
A guide hole 114a extending axially of the first shaft 114 to lead to the terminal space R1 is formed in the first shaft 114.
The first member 111 includes: a peripheral wall part 111c provided with a terminal space R2 between itself and the first shaft 114 for allowing the first contact terminals 12 to be inserted thereinto; and a locking piece 111f through which the first member 111 is engaged with the second member 112.
The second member 112 is cylindrical, and a first fitting hole 115 between the first shaft 114 and itself is formed when coupled to the first member 111. The second electrical connector 20 (See, FIG. 16.) is fit into the thus formed first fitting hole 115.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of linear grooves 111g arranged radially of the central axis L1 of the outer housing and extending in a length-wise direction F1 the first electrical connector 10 formed on an inner surface of the first fitting hole 115 surrounded by the second member 112. In the second member 112 of the first embodiment, the linear grooves 111g are formed on the inner surface of the first fitting hole 115 at five locations among nine locations spaced away from one another by 40 degrees in a peripheral angle.
As illustrated in FIG. 14, a seal member 113 of a ring shape is provided inside of a coupling part between the first member 111 and the second member 112 illustrated in FIG. 1.
As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 14, each of the first contact terminals 12 is arranged on an outer surface of the first shaft 114 in parallel with a central axis of the first shaft 114. In front view of the first fitting hole 115, the first contact terminals 12 are peripherally equally spaced away from one another around the first shaft 114. In the first embodiment, the three first contact terminals 12 are arranged according to the three diameter stages of the first shaft 114 by 120 degrees of a peripheral angle of the outer housing 11.
As illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6, each of the first contact terminals 12 includes: an electrically conductive elastic contact piece 121 formed by having a metal piece bent into a U-shape; a first terminal body 122 to be inserted into the terminal space R2 (See, FIG. 14.); and a bundling portion 123 onto which a cable C1 is compressed.
A first end 1211 of the elastic contact piece 121 is fixed by being integrated with a bottom wall 1221 of the first terminal body 122. The elastic contact piece 121 extends from the bottom wall 1221 and forms a U-shaped folded portion 1212 at the end thereof. The elastic contact piece 121 further extends inside of the first terminal body 122 and terminates at a second end 1213 of a free end.
The elastic contact piece 121 has a part acting as a contact part 1214 through which the elastic contact piece 121 contacts a later-mentioned first cylindrical terminal. The contact part 1214 has an arc possessing an outer surface along a peripheral arc surface of a later-mentioned first cylindrical terminal.
A plurality of slim projections 1214a are formed in the contact part 1214. In the first embodiment, two projections 1214a are formed. The projections 1214a are arranged on the elastic contact piece 121 in a direction F3 (a width direction of the elastic contact piece 121) perpendicular to the central axis L1 of the first cylindrical terminal.
Between the first end 1211 and the folded portion 1212, a first curved portion 1215 is formed. The first curved portion 1215 bends the folded portion 1212 toward the bottom wall 1211. In an initial condition of the elastic contact piece 121, the curved portion 1215 in the first embodiment is bent in a manner such that an ascent portion from the first end 1211, which is continuous to the bottom wall 1221, to an opening 1222a turns to the bottom wall 1221, which is the opposite side of the opening 1222a. 
In the initial condition, the folded portion 1212 projects out of the bottom wall 1221 of the first terminal body 122, and the contact part 1214 does not project out of the opening 1222a formed at a top wall 1222 of the first terminal body 122. At the second end 1213 of the elastic contact piece 121, a second curved portion 1216 possessing a convex towards the bottom wall 1221 is formed.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the first terminal body 122 is designed to be hollow and have a rectangular cross-section.
The first terminal body 122 is formed at sidewalls 1223 thereof with a lance 1224. The lance 1224 is formed by forming a cutting line around a part of the sidewall 1223, and outwardly inclining the part.
As illustrated in FIG. 26, the lance 1224 prevents the first contact terminal 12 from being released out of the terminal space R2 after the first contact terminal 12 has been inserted into the terminal space R2 (See, FIG. 14.) of the outer housing 11.
As illustrated in FIGS. 3, 26 and 27, the lance 1224 has an open end 1224b defining a slope 1224c inclining relative to the sidewall 1223 such that the open end 1224b is remotest from the sidewall 1213. Furthermore, the slope 1214c has a width varying in a length-wise direction of the first contact terminal 12 such that the width is in maximum at the open end 1224b. 
The lance 1224 includes: a first slope portion 1224m extending from the first terminal body 122 at a first inclination angle relative to the first terminal body 122; and a second slope portion 1224n outwardly inclining from the first terminal body 122 at a second inclination angle greater than the first inclination angle relative to the first terminal body 122, and defining the slope 1224c. 
As illustrated in FIG. 4, the bundling portion 123 compresses the cable C1 thereonto to fix the same therein. The bundling portion 123 includes an insulation barrel 123a and a wire barrel 123b. The first contact terminal 12 further includes a seal 124 into which the cable C1 is inserted, at a rear of the bundling portion 123.
The projecting terminal 13 illustrated in FIG. 14 is housed in the terminal space R1 formed at a proximal end of the first shaft 114, and contacts a later-mentioned second cylindrical terminal of the second electrical connector 20. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the projecting terminal 13 includes: a contact portion 131; a second terminal body 132; and a bundling portion 133.
The contact portion 131 includes: a plurality of contact pieces 131a equally spaced away from one another; a pair of C-shaped binders 131b arranged at distal and proximal ends of the contact pieces 131a; and a cone portion 131d continuous to the binder 131b located at open ends of the contact pieces 131a. 
The second terminal body 132 is hollow and has a rectangular cross-section.
The bundling portion 133 compresses the cable C1 thereonto to fix the same therein. The bundling portion 133 includes: an insulation barrel 133a; and a wire barrel 133b. 
Hereinbelow, a structure of the second electrical connector 20 is explained referring to FIGS. 10 to 14.
As illustrated in FIGS. 10, 11 and 14, the second electrical connector 20 includes: an inner housing 21 to be fit into the first electrical connector 10 illustrated in FIG. 1; a first cylindrical terminal 22 capable of electrically connecting with the first contact terminals 12 of the first electrical connector 10; and a second cylindrical terminal 23.
The inner housing 21 includes a peripheral wall part 212 in a front half of the inner housing 21. The peripheral wall part 212 defines therein a second fixing hole 211 into which the first shaft 114 of the first electrical connector 10 (See, FIG. 1.) is fit. The second fixing hole 211 is constituted of a plurality of stages each having an inner diameter gradually decreasing from an opening end toward a rear. The peripheral wall part 212 has an outer peripheral surface 212a contacting an inner surface of the first fitting hole 115 when the first electrical connector 10 is fit into the first fitting hole 115 of the second electrical connector 20. A front half of the peripheral wall part 212 is a cylindrical portion 212b on which no projection is formed. Three linear projections 212c each extending in a length-wise direction of the second electrical connector 20 are formed at a rear half of the peripheral wall part 212a radially of and around an axis L2 (See, FIG. 10.) of the inner housing 21. In the first embodiment, the linear projections 212c are equally spaced away from one another in a peripheral direction F4, that is, are arranged by 120 peripheral degrees.
A second shaft 213 extends in the second fixing hole 211. The second shaft 213 is cylindrical in shape, and includes the second cylindrical terminal 23 arranged therein.
The first cylindrical terminal 22 is coaxial with the second shaft 213, and is fixed on an inner surface of the second fixing hole 211 of the inner housing 21 with a contact surface 2212 being exposed outside. As illustrated in FIG. 12, the first cylindrical terminal 22 includes: a cylindrical contact portion 221; and a linear connector portion 222.
The contact portion 221 contacts the elastic contact piece 121 of the first contact terminal 12 (See, FIG. 3.). The contact portion 221 is formed by joining opposite ends of electrically conductive sheets to each other through a joint portion 2211. For instance, a first end 2211a is designed to have a projection, and a second end 2211b is designed to have a recess. By fitting the projection into the recess and fixing them to each other, the ends 2211a and 2211b are joined to each other. Since the joint portion 2211 is defined by the combination of the above-mentioned projection and recess, the joint portion 2211 has a length ranging between proximal and open ends of the contact portion 221, and a width equal to a length of the projection or the recess.
As illustrated in FIG. 14, the second fixing hole 211 of the inner housing 21 defines therein three stages each having an inner diameter different from others. Specifically, a first stage located close to an open end of the second fixing hole 211 has a greatest inner diameter, a third stage located remotest from an open end of the second fixing hole 211 has a smallest inner diameter, and a second stage located between the first and third stages has an inner diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the first stage, but greater than an inner diameter of the third stage.
The second electrical connector 20 includes three first cylindrical terminals 22, each of which is arranged on an inner surface of each of the first to third stages defined in the second fixing hole 211 of the inner housing 21. The contact portion 211 of the first cylindrical terminal 22 arranged on an inner surface of the first stage has a greatest inner diameter among the contact portions 211 of the three first cylindrical terminals 22, the contact portion 211 of the first cylindrical terminal 22 arranged on an inner surface of the third stage has a smallest inner diameter among the contact portions 211 of the three first cylindrical terminals 22, and the contact portion 211 of the first cylindrical terminal 22 arranged on an inner surface of the second stage has an inner diameter intermediate between the greatest and smallest inner diameters.
The connecting portion 222 straightly extends from the contact portion 221 towards a rear end of the inner housing 21, and has an open end exposed out of the inner housing 21 and to be connected to a printed wiring board (not illustrated). The connecting portion 222 is formed with a lance 2221 for preventing the first cylindrical terminal 22 from being released from the inner housing 21.
As illustrated in FIGS. 10, 11 and 14, the second cylindrical terminal 23 is housed in the second shaft 213. The second cylindrical terminal 23 has an open end through which the projecting terminal 13 is inserted thereinto. The second cylindrical terminal 23 outwardly extends beyond the second shaft 213, and thus, is exposed at an open end thereof out of the second shaft 213. The second cylindrical terminal 23 is arranged to closely contact the second shaft 213 so as to be integrated therewith.
As illustrated in FIG. 13, the second cylindrical terminal 23 includes: a cylindrical portion 231; a constricted part 232, a closed section 233; and an L-shaped connecting portion 234.
The constricted part 232 is located at a rear of the cylindrical portion 231, and has a thickness reduced in a direction in which the connecting portion 234 extends. Specifically, the constricted part 232 has a width (a length in a first direction A1) equal to a diameter of the cylindrical portion 231, and has a thickness (a length in a second direction A2 perpendicular to the first direction A1) gradually decreasing in a length-wise direction of the second cylindrical terminal 23 from a diameter equal to the same of the cylindrical portion 231. As a result of the reduction in a thickness, the constricted part 232 is finally flat.
The closed section 233 is located at a rear of the constricted part 232 and at a proximal end of the second cylindrical terminal 23. The closed section 235 has a width (a length in the direction A1) greater than the same of the constricted part 233. Furthermore, the closed section 233 has a thickness smaller than a diameter of the cylindrical portion 231 and a width greater than a diameter of the cylindrical portion 231.
The L-shaped connecting portion 234 is continuous to the closed section 233. The connecting portion 234 includes:
a plate-shaped portion 234a bending perpendicularly to the closed section 233, and further, perpendicularly bending to be in parallel with the cylindrical portion 231; and
a needle portion 234b outwardly extending from an open end of the plate-shaped portion 234a. 
How the first and second electrical connectors 10 and 20 configured as mentioned above are used is explained hereinbelow with reference to FIGS. 15 to 20.
As illustrated in FIG. 15, the first electrical connector 10 and the second electrical connector 20 are caused to come close to each other. Then, an open end of the peripheral wall part 212 (of the inner housing 21) is aligned with the first fitting hole 115 of the outer housing 11, and an open end of the second shaft 213 (of the inner housing 21) is also aligned with the guide hole 114a (of the first shaft 114).
Then, the peripheral wall part 212 (of the inner housing 21) is forwarded in the length-wise direction F1 of the first fitting hole 115, and the second shaft 213 (of the inner housing 21) is also forwarded in the length-wise direction F1 (of the guide hole 114a).
As illustrated in FIG. 16, a front half of the peripheral wall part 212 (of the inner housing 21) is the cylindrical portion 212b on which no projections are formed (See, FIG. 10.). Accordingly, when only the front half of the peripheral wall part 212 is inserted into the first fitting hole 115 (of the outer housing 11), the linear projections 212c (of the inner housing 21) are not yet fit into the linear grooves 111g (of the outer housing 11). Thus, a user can fit the outer housing 21 into the inner housing 11 with one of them being rotated around an axis thereof. A user can forward the inner housing 21 relative to the outer housing 11 without due care and attention to a direction of the rotation.
After the state in FIG. 16, the peripheral wall part 212 of the inner housing 21 is wholly forwarded into the first fitting hole 115 of the outer housing 11, and then the linear projections 212c of the peripheral wall part 212 are fit into the linear grooves 111g of the outer housing 11, thereby the outer housing 11 and the inner housing 21 are positioned relative to each other. Accordingly, the outer and inner housings 11 and 21 cannot rotate relative to each other.
Furthermore, when the peripheral wall part 212 is wholly forwarded into the first fitting hole 115, the projecting terminal 13 is inserted into the second cylindrical terminal 23 to contact therewith. In addition, each of the first cylindrical terminals 22 of the second electrical connector 20 contacts the elastic contact piece 121 of each of the first contact terminals 12 of the first electrical connector 10.
As mentioned above, the linear grooves 111g of the outer housing 11 and the linear projections 212c of the inner housing 21 constitute a positioning unit. The positioning unit is formed by inserting the inner housing 21 into the outer housing 11. Once formed, the positioning unit prohibits the relative rotation between the inner housing 21 and the outer housing 11 at a position where the first cylindrical terminals 22 and the elastic contact pieces 121 contact each other.
That is, at the beginning of the insertion, the second electrical connector 20 can act as an electrical connector that can freely rotate from the first electrical connector 10 about a direction of the insertion.
After the positioning unit of the outer housing 11 and the inner housing 21 has been formed, the first cylindrical terminals 22 contact the elastic contact pieces 121. That is, when the first cylindrical terminals 22 contact the elastic contact pieces 121, the relative rotation between the inner housing 21 and the outer housing 11 has been already prohibited. Consequently, the cylindrical contact portion 221 (of the first cylindrical terminal 22) and the elastic contact piece 121 (of the first contact terminal 12) are neither worn down nor damaged caused by the relative rotation between the first and second electrical connectors 10 and 20.
Even if an axis of the second cylindrical terminal 23 is deviated from an axis of the projecting terminal 13, there is no problem according to the following reason. That is, when the projecting terminal 13 starts being fit into the second cylindrical terminal 23, the contact portion 131 slides on an inner surface of the second cylindrical terminal 23. The sliding action automatically corrects a posture of the contact portion 131 of the projecting terminal 13.
However, the projecting terminal 13 is housed in the terminal space R1 with a gap between the projecting terminal 13 and an inner surface of the first shaft 114, and further, is locked by the lance 134. Accordingly, even if the posture of the contact portion 131 is corrected by the second cylindrical terminal 23, the second terminal body 132 of the projecting terminal 13 can be shifted, within the terminal space R1, to a new axial direction in which the posture of the contact portion 131 is corrected. Consequently, the projecting terminal 13 can be moved to follow the new axial direction of the second cylindrical terminal 23.
As illustrated in FIG. 14, by further inserting the second electrical connector 20 into the first electrical connector 10, the peripheral wall part 212 of the inner housing 21 is completely fit into the first fitting hole 115 of the outer housing 11, the first shaft 14 of the outer housing 11 is completely fit into the second fixing hole 211 of the inner housing 21, and the second shaft 213 of the inner housing 21 is completely fit into the guide hole 114a of the first shaft 114.
In this situation, each of the first contact terminals 12 arranged on an outer surface of the first shaft 114 contacts each of the contact portions 221 of the first cylindrical terminals 22 arranged on an inner surface of the inner housing 21. And, the contact portion 131 of the projecting terminal 13 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 231 of the second cylindrical terminal 23 to contact therewith.
Thus, the first and second electrical connectors 10 and 20 are fit with each other.
The first contact terminals 12 are arranged on an outer surface of the first shaft 114 coaxially with a central axis of the first shaft 114. The first cylindrical terminals 22 are arranged on an inner surface of the inner housing 21 coaxially with the second shaft 213. Thus, when the first shaft 114 and the second shaft 213 are fit into each other, the first contact terminals 12 can stably contact the first cylindrical terminals 22.
Hereinbelow is explained another positioning unit for positioning the outer and inner housings 11 and 21 in a peripheral direction when they are fit into each other as they rotate relative to each other.
As illustrated in FIGS. 17 and 19, the above-mentioned positioning unit is constituted of: the linear grooves 111g of the outer housing 11; and the linear projections 212c of the inner housing 21.
As mentioned before, when the peripheral wall part 212 illustrated in FIG. 10 is inserted only at a front half thereof into the first fitting hole 115 of the outer housing 11, the linear projections 212c of the inner housing 21 have not yet been fit into the linear grooves 111g of the outer housing 11. Thus, the outer and inner housings 11 and 21 can be fit into each other while rotating one of them 11 and 21 relative to the other.
As illustrated in FIG. 17, after the linear projections 212c have been fit into the linear grooves 111g, the outer and inner housing 11 and 21 are positioned with respect to a rotative direction, and hence, they cannot rotate around an axis thereof relative to each other.
The linear projections 212c and the linear grooves 111g cause the elastic contact pieces 121 of the first contact terminals 12 to contact the contact surface 2212 other than the joint portion 2211.
In FIGS. 17 and 18, the first contact terminal 12 located at an open end of the first shaft 114 (of the first electrical connector 10) contacts the first cylindrical terminal 22 located at the deepest position of the second fixing hole 211.
As illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, the three linear projections 212c are arranged on the outer peripheral surface 212a of the inner housing 21 by 120 peripheral degrees. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the five linear grooves 111g are formed at an inner surface of the first fitting hole 115 of the outer housing 11. Accordingly, the outer and inner housings 11 and 21 can be fit into each other when the three linear projections 212c of the inner housing 21 are aligned with three of the five linear grooves 111g of the outer housing 11.
In FIGS. 17 and 18, the joint portion 2211 (of the first cylindrical terminal 22) is located close to one side (a left side in FIG. 17) of the first contact terminal 12, and the projections 1214a of the elastic contact piece 121 contact the contact surface 2212 of the first cylindrical terminal 22.
The outer housing 11 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction by 40 degrees, which is an angular interval between the adjacent linear grooves 111g, relative to the condition illustrated in FIG. 17. Since the first contact terminal 12 is housed in the terminal space R2 of the outer housing 11, the first contact terminal 12 is rotated together with the outer housing 11.
Alternatively, the inner housing 21 is rotated in a clockwise direction by 40 degrees. Since the first cylindrical terminal 22 is fixed to the inner housing 21, the first cylindrical terminal 22 is rotated together with the inner housing 21.
The rotated linear projection 212c is fit into one (the right one in FIG. 17) of the linear grooves 111g (See, FIGS. 19 and 20.) located adjacent to another of the linear grooves 111g into which the linear projection 212c has been fit in FIG. 17.
Due to the rotation, the linear projection 212c moves between the one and the other of the linear grooves 111g, and the joint portion 2211 of the first cylindrical terminal 22 moves over the projection 1214a of the first contact terminal 12.
This is because an angular interval between the adjacent linear grooves 111g around the central axis L1 (See, FIG. 1.) of the outer housing 11 is set greater than an angle covering the joint portion 2211 (See, FIG. 12.) of the first cylindrical terminal 22 around the central axis L2 (See, FIG. 10.) of the inner housing 21.
Since the joint portion 2211 is formed by joining the opposite ends 2211a and 2211b of the contact portion 221 to each other, a step in the joint portion 2211 may be formed.
However, since the linear projections 212c and the linear grooves 111g act as the positioning unit, even if the first electrical connector 10 is fit into the second electrical connector 20 at any peripheral position, the first contact terminals 12 do not contact the joint portion 2211 of the first cylindrical terminal 22 after the linear projections 212c has been fit into the linear grooves 111g. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the elastic contact piece 121 of the first contact terminal 12 from contacting the joint portion 2211 of the first cylindrical terminal 22 to thereby be damaged and/or worn out. Thus, the first and second electrical connectors 10 and 20 ensure high reliability to the connection therebetween.
Furthermore, since the linear projections 2122 and the linear grooves 111g are arranged radially around the central axis L2 of the outer and inner housings 11 and 21, even if the outer and inner housings 11 and 21 are fit into each other with one of them being in rotation, they can be fit into each other such that the linear projections 212c and the linear grooves 111g align with each other.
How the contact terminal 12 contacts the first cylindrical terminal 22 is explained hereinbelow with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22.
As illustrated in FIG. 21, in a situation in which the first and second electrical connectors 10 and 20 are fit into each other, the contact terminal 12 of the first electrical connector 10 contacts the first cylindrical terminal 22 arranged on an inner surface of the second fixing hole 211 formed in the second electrical connector 20.
The elastic contact piece 121 of the contact terminal 12 is arranged along an axial direction F5 of the first cylindrical terminal 22. In other words, the elastic contact piece 121 contacts the first cylindrical terminal 22 in a direction perpendicular to a peripheral direction of the arc contact surface 2212. Accordingly, even if the contact surface 2212 does not have a uniform curvature, the elastic contact piece 121 can stably contact the contact surface 2212.
As illustrated in FIG. 22, the contact portion 1214 of the elastic contact piece 121 is designed to have an arc surface extending in a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction F5 (See, FIG. 21.) of the first cylindrical terminal 22, and along the arc contact surface 2212 of the contact portion 221. Thus, the contact portion 1214 and the contact surface 2212 are both designed to be arc corresponding to each other, they can further stably contact each other.
A plurality of the projections 1214a is formed on an outer surface of the contact portion 1214 in a peripheral direction F6 of the contact portion 221. As illustrated in FIG. 21, each of the projections 1214a is designed to be elongate and to extend in the length-wise direction F5 of the first cylindrical terminal 22.
For instance, it is assumed that the elastic contact piece 121 is designed not to include the projections 1214a on an outer surface of the contact portion 1214, and accordingly, the contact portion 1214 directly contacts at an outer surface thereof the arc contact surface 2212 of the first cylindrical terminal 22. In such a case, the contact portion 1214 of the elastic contact piece 121 may be designed to have an arc outer surface along the arc contact surface 2212, ensuring enlargement in an area at which the contact surface 2212 and the contact portion 1214 contact each other.
If the contact surface 2212 and the contact portion 1214 do not have a uniform curvature, they merely unstably contact each other.
However, since the contact portion 1214 is designed to possess a plurality of the projections 1214a, even if the arc contact surface 2212 of the first cylindrical terminal 22 and the arc outer surface of the contact portion 1214 do not have a uniform curvature, the elastic contact piece 121 can contact the first cylindrical terminal 22 at two or more points. Thus, the first contact terminal 12 can stably contact the first cylindrical terminal 22, ensuring high contact reliability.
Since the projections 1214a extend in the length-wise direction F5 of the first cylindrical terminal 22, that is, since the projections 1214a contacts the arc contact surface 2212 in a direction perpendicular to the peripheral direction of the arc contact surface 2212, even if the arc contact surface 2212 does not have a uniform curvature, the non-uniform curvature of the arc contact surface 2212 does not exert harmful influence on the contact of the projections 1214a with the arc contact surface 2212.
The projections 1214a are equally spaced away from one another in a peripheral direction thereof around a top 1214b (See, FIG. 22.) of the contact portion 1214. Accordingly, each of the projections 1214a uniformly contacts the arc contact surface 2212 of the first cylindrical terminal 22, ensuring that the projections 1214a can stably contact the contact surface 2212.
Hereinbelow is explained how the contact terminal 12 acts when the contact terminal 12 is inserted into the terminal space R2 of the outer housing 11.
As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the contact terminal 12 is not inserted into the terminal space R2, the folded portion 1212 projects out of the bottom wall 1221 of the first terminal body 122.
The contact terminal 12 in such a condition as illustrated in FIG. 14 is inserted into the terminal space R2 through a rear end of the outer housing 11. As illustrated in FIG. 23A, being inserted into the terminal space R2, the folded portion 1212 of the elastic contact piece 121 is pushed up by a floor R21 of the terminal space R2, and the folded portion 1212 slides on the floor R21 of the terminal space R2. In the situation illustrated in FIG. 23A, since the folded portion 1212 contacts the floor R21 of the terminal space R2, the contact part 1214 of the elastic contact piece 121 is still located relatively low although it is slightly pushed up. Specifically, the contact part 1214 is partially exposed out of the opening 1222a (See, FIG. 5.), but not wholly exposed out of the opening 1222a, that is, almost of the contact part 1214 is still housed in the first terminal body 122.
When the contact terminal 12 is further inserted into the terminal space R2, as illustrated in FIG. 23B, the folded portion 1212 runs onto a raised portion 116 formed on the floor R2 of the terminal space R2.
The raised portion 116 includes: a slope 1161 inclining ascending in a direction F7 in which the contact terminal 12 is inserted into the terminal space R2; and a horizontal portion 1162 continuous with a top of the slope 1161.
Running onto the raised portion 116, the folded portion 1212 is directed further upwardly. Thus, the contact part 1214 of the elastic contact piece 121 projects out of the opening 1212a. As the folded portion 1212 stands up, the free second end 1213 of the elastic contact piece 121 lowers towards the bottom wall 1221 of the first terminal body 122, and abuts on the bottom wall 1221. Thus, the second end 1213 acts as a fulcrum to support the elastic contact piece 121.
As a result that the second end 1213 and accordingly the second curved portion 1216 abuts on the bottom wall 1221, the folded portion 1212 and the second end 1213 (or the second curved portion 1216) wholly support the elastic contact piece 121 therewith. Consequently, when the contact part 1214 contacts the first cylindrical terminal 22 to thereby be loaded, the load is divided by the folded portion 1212 and the second curved portion 1216. Thus, it is possible to prevent the folded portion 1212 from being plastically deformed due to the load exerted onto the contact part 1214, ensuring that a contact load with which the contact part 1214 contacts the first cylindrical terminal 22 can be increased.
Furthermore, since the free second end 1213 abuts on the bottom wall of the first terminal body 122, a length of the elastic contact piece 121 between the contact part 1214 and the second end 1213 can be designed to be an allowable length within the first terminal body 122. Accordingly, the elastic contact piece 121 can have a sufficiently long spring length, the elastic contact piece 121 can accomplish enhanced spring performance. In addition, the elastic contact piece 121 can be a spring shape difficult to be plastically deformed.
Since the second end 1213 is continuous to the second curved portion 1216, the bottom wall 1221 is not hurt when the second end 1213 abuts on the bottom wall 1221. Furthermore, since the second curved portion 1216 slides on the bottom wall 1221, the second curved portion 1216 can smoothly move on the bottom wall 1221.
As mentioned above, the contact part 1214 of the elastic contact piece 121 is kept not projected out of the opening 1222a until the elastic contact piece 121 runs onto the raised portion 116 after the first contact terminal 12 has been inserted into the terminal space R2.
When the folded portion 1212 runs onto the raised portion 116, the contact part 1214 projects out of the opening 1222a, and thus, is exposed out of the first terminal body 122.
The first curved portion 1215 formed between the first end 1211 and the folded portion 1212 directs the folded portion 1212 towards the bottom wall 1211. That is, the first curved portion 1215 acts as an angle changer changing an angle by which the elastic contact piece 121 is bent. A direction in which the elastic contact piece 121 extends between the first end 1211 and the angle changer 1215 is different from a direction in which the elastic contact piece 121 extends between the angle changer 1215 and the folded portion 1212. When the folded portion 1212 runs onto the raised portion 116, the first curved portion 1215 changes an angle by which the folded portion 1212 is bent relative to the first end 1211, and hence, a portion of the elastic contact piece 121 between the first curved portion 1215 and the first end 1211 can be deformed.
A portion of the elastic contact piece 121 between the first curved portion 1215 and the first end 1211 obliquely ascend towards the opening 1222a, and the first curved portion 1215 directs the folded portion 1212 downwardly towards the bottom wall 1221. Thus, even if the folded portion 1212 is located at the same height as the raised portion 116, the portion of the elastic contact piece 121 between the first curved portion 1215 and the first end 1211 can be deformed, and the first curved portion 1215 can be widened, resulting in that the first contact terminal 12 can be housed in the terminal space R2 while the portion of the elastic contact piece 121 between the first curved portion 1215 and the folded portion 1212 is deformed.
Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the elastic contact piece 121 from being damaged and/or deformed while the first contact terminal 12 is being inserted into the outer housing 11, and further, the first contact terminal 12 can keep a sufficient contact pressure after having been inserted into the outer housing 11.
When the first contact terminal 12 is not inserted into the terminal space R2, the first curved portion 1215 has a curvature to direct the folded portion 1212 towards the bottom wall 1221. The elastic contact piece 121 possesses an area S1 (See, FIG. 23B.) in which the folded portion 1212 lies on the horizontal portion 1162 (a top face 116a) of the raised portion 116 when the folded portion 1212 runs onto the raised portion 116. The top face 116a of the raised portion 116 is formed to be flat, and the area S1 of the elastic contact piece 121 is formed in a shape of a plate. Thus, the elastic contact piece 121 can closely contact at the area S1 with the top face 116a of the raised portion 116, because the area S1 is in parallel with the top face 116a when the folded portion 1212 runs onto the raised portion 116.
Since the folded portion 1212 lies on the top face 116a of the raised portion 116 through the flat area S1, when the contact part 1214 of the elastic contact piece 121 contacts the first cylindrical terminal 22 (See, FIG. 21.), the folded portion 1212 is supported on the horizontal portion 1612 with the contact pressure between the contact part 1214 and the first cylindrical terminal 22 being received uniformly and wholly by the area S1 of the folded portion 1212. Thus, it is possible to uniformly compress the contact part 1214 onto the first cylindrical terminal 22.
In this embodiment, the elastic contact piece 121 includes the first curved portion 1215 acting as an elasticity changer. Thus, a curved degree of the elastic contact piece 121 is reduced at a position where the first curved portion 1215 is formed. On the contrary, the curved degree of the elastic contact piece 121 may be increased instead. An elastic contact piece 121x shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 includes a constricted portion 1217 acting as an elasticity changer. The constricted portion 1217 is formed by constricting both side edges of an area S2 (in a direction from the first end 1211 of the elastic contact piece 121x to the folded part 1212) in a shape of a rectangle. By forming the constricted portion 1217, the constricted portion 1217 reduces a curved degree of the elastic contact piece 121 when the folded portion 1212 is lifted up by the raised portion 116 (See, FIG. 23B.). Thus, the elastic contact piece 121 can be deformed at a position where the constricted portion 1217 is formed.
Thus, even if the folded portion 1212 is located at the same height as the raised portion 116, since the elastic contact piece 121 is deformed, the first contact terminal 12 can be housed in the terminal space R2 while keeping the shape of the folded portion 1212.
Hereinbelow is explained how the lance 1224 acts when the first cylindrical terminal 12 is inserted into the terminal space R2.
The first contact terminal 12 is housed in the terminal space R2. As illustrated in FIGS. 23A and 23B, a first fitting hole R2A and a second fixing hole R2B are formed in the terminal space R2. The first fitting hole R2A is formed including: a floor R21 facing the bottom wall 1221 of the first terminal body 122; a ceiling R22 facing the top wall 1222; and sidewalls R23 in FIGS. 26 and 27 facing the sidewalls 1223. The second fixing hole R2B is located deeper than the first fitting hole R2A in a direction F7 in which the first contact terminal 12 is inserted into the terminal space R2. The second fixing hole R2B is vertically longer than the first fitting hole R2A, and is horizontally longer than the first fitting hole R2A.
The first contact terminal 12 first enters the first fitting hole R2A. The lance 1224 standing up from the sidewalls 1223 of the first terminal body 122 are compressed by a pair of the sidewalls R23 of the first fitting hole R2A facing each other, and thus, are kept deformed while the first contact terminal 12 is forwarding.
As illustrated in FIG. 27, when the first contact terminal 12 passes over the sidewalls R23 by which the lance 1224 is compressed, and arrives at the second fixing hole R2B, the lance 1224 is no longer compressed by the sidewalls R23, and hence, returns to an original form thereof. Thus, the lance 1224 gets wider than a gap between the first terminal body 122 and the sidewalls R23. Accordingly, even if the first contact terminal 12 is tried to be pulled out of the terminal space R2, the lance 1224 is caught by the sidewalls R23, and hence, the first contact terminal 12 is prevented from being pulled out of the terminal space R2.
The lance 1224 includes a projected portion 1224c. Between the sidewalls R23 of the terminal space R2 and the lance 1224 is formed gaps S0 through which the second portions 1224n can pass.
For instance, when the first contact terminal 12 is inserted into the terminal space R2, if the lance 1224 is compressed at proximal ends thereof by the sidewalls R23 of the terminal space R2, the lance 1224 is plastically deformed with the proximal ends thereof being closed, and accordingly, the lance 1224 cannot get wide. In such a condition, the first contact terminal 12 can be readily pulled out of the terminal space R2, if the cable C1 is strongly pulled.
However, since the gaps S0 through which the projected portions 1224c of the second slope portion 1224n can pass are formed between the sidewalls R23 of the terminal space R2 and the lance 1224, there can be ensured a sufficient gap between the first terminal body 122 and the sidewalls R23.
The gaps S0 causes the lance 1224 to contact the sidewalls R23 at a point P1 closer to an open end 1224b than a proximal end 1224a of the second slope portion 1224n. The gaps S0 formed between the first contact terminal 12 and the sidewalls R23 are designed to allow the sidewalls R23 to contact the lance 1224 at a point closer to the open end 1224b than a center of a full length of the lance 1224.
Accordingly, it is possible to maintain an elastic force by which the compressed lance 1224 wants to return to an original form thereof to thereby prevent the open ends 1224a of the lance 1224 from being plastically deformed. Thus, the lance 1224 can be engaged to the sidewalls R23 of the terminal space R2 by a sufficient length, ensuring it possible to prevent the first contact terminal 12 from being pulled out of the terminal space R2, even if the first contact terminal 12 is pulled backwardly.
Thus, the first contact terminal 12 can be kept inserted in the terminal space R2 of the outer housing 11, ensuring high reliability to electrical connection between the first contact terminal 12 and the first cylindrical terminal 22.
For instance, it is assumed that the lance 1224 is designed not to include the projected portion 1224c, and hence, the second slope portion 1224n inclines by a constant angle. If the lance 1224 is designed to be longer than the present one, the lance 1224 contacts the sidewalls R23 of the terminal space R23 at a location remoter from the first terminal body 122 when the sidewalls R23 contact the proximal end of the lance 1224. Thus, since a gap to be formed between the sidewalls R23 of the terminal space R2 and the first terminal body 122 can be wide, it is possible to prevent the sidewalls R23 from abutting on the proximal end of the lance 1224.
However, if the lance 1224 is designed to be longer, since the lance 1224 is housed in the second fixing hole R2B while contacting the sidewalls R23 in the first fitting hole R2A, it is necessary to forward the first contact terminal 12 by a distance by which the lance 1224 is made longer. Thus, it is necessary to fabricate the second fixing hole R2B to be longer.
However, the projected portions 1224c of the lance 1224 is formed such that an inclination angle between the first terminal body 122 and the open ends 1224b is greater than an inclination angle between the first terminal body 122 and the proximal end 1224a in the first contact terminal 12. Accordingly, even if gaps formed between the first terminal body 122 and the sidewalls R23 are wide, it is possible for the projected portion 1224c of the lance 1224 to engage with the sidewalls R23, and hence, it is not necessary to design the second fixing hole R2B to be long.
The projected portion 1224c of the non-compressed lance 1224 slide on and are compressed by the sidewalls R23 at an entrance to the terminal space R23. Each of the projected portions 1224c is formed such that a gap between each of the projection portions 1224c and each of the sidewalls 1223 is greater at a location closer to each of the open ends 1224b. Accordingly, as a location at which each of the sidewalls R23 contacts the lance 1224 transfers towards each of the open ends 1224b as the first contact terminal 12 forwards into the terminal space R2, the lance 1224 can be gradually closed along the above-mentioned gap between each of the projections portion 1224c and each of the sidewalls 1223. Thus, the first contact terminal 12 can be smoothly inserted into the terminal space R2 without the lance 1224 being interfered with the sidewalls R23
Furthermore, since each of the projected portions 1224c is formed such that a gap between each of the projections portion 1224c and each of the sidewalls 1223 is greater at a location closer to each of the open ends 1224b, it is possible for the open ends 1224b of the projected portions 1224c to have an enhanced resistance against being compressed and/or collapsed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the projected portions 1224c from being deformed due to a compressive force increasing as the first contact terminal 12 forwards into the terminal space R2, exerted onto the lance 1224 by the sidewalls R23.
Furthermore, since the lance 1224 is formed by forming a cutting line around a part of the sidewall 1223 of the first terminal body 122, and causing the part to outwardly stand, it is not necessary to attach any separate part to the first terminal body 122 for forming the lance 1224. Thus, the lance 1224 can be readily fabricated.
The lance 1224 illustrated in FIGS. 27 and 28 is designed to include the projected portions 1224c. Instead of the projected portions 1224c, the lance 1224 may be designed to include folded portions formed by folding open end of the lance 1224.
FIGS. 28 and 29 illustrate a lance 1224x including a folded portion formed by folding an open end of the lance, according to a first variant.
As illustrated in FIGS. 28 and 29, the lance 1224x includes: a first slope portion 1224m extending at the proximal end 1224a from the first terminal body 122; and a second slope portion 1224n constituted of a folded portion 1224d or a folded portion 1224d formed by outwardly folding a open end of the first portion 1224n into two layers stacking one on another. The lance 1224x is fabricated by forming a cut line around a portion of the sidewall 1223 of the first terminal body 122, and causing the portion to stand relative to the sidewall 1223.
Each of the folded portions 1224d is located outside of the first portions 1224m inclining relative to the sidewalls 1223 of the first terminal body 122. Accordingly, it is possible to form such a gap S0 between the first terminal body 122 of the first contact terminal 12x and each of the sidewalls R23 that the sidewalls R23 do not contact the proximal end 1224a of the lance 1224x when the first contact terminal 12x is inserted into the second fixing hole R2A.
In the first variant, the sidewalls R23 contact the lance 1224x at locations closer to the open ends 1224b than a center of the lance 1224x when the first contact terminal 12x is inserted into the terminal space R2. In FIG. 28, the sidewalls R23 contact the second portions 1224n of the lance 1224x. Accordingly, it is possible to maintain an elastic force by which the compressed lance 1224x wants to return to the original form thereof to thereby prevent the first contact terminal 12x from being pulled out of the terminal space R2, even if the first contact terminal 12x is pulled backwardly.
The folded portions 1224d make it possible for the lance 1224x to contact the sidewalls R23 at a location outside than an inclination angle of the first portions 1224m. Thus, even if the gaps S0 are formed wide, the lance 1224x can be engaged to the sidewalls R23 while the second fixing hole R2B is not fabricated longer.
Since the open end 1224b of the lance 1224x is outwardly folded to form the folded portions 1224d, end surfaces 1224e of the folded portions 1224d face end surfaces R23a of the sidewalls R23 to each other. On each of the end surfaces R23a, an inclined surface R23b for enlarging open ends of the sidewalls R23 is formed. Accordingly, it is possible to insert the lance 1224x into the first fitting hole R2A having a gradually reducing space therebetween while the folded portions 1224d slides on the inclined surfaces R23b. 
In FIGS. 28 and 29, the inclines surfaces R23b are formed on the sidewalls R23. Alternatively, the inclines surfaces R23b may be formed on the end surfaces 1224e instead.
FIGS. 30 and 31 illustrate a lance 1224y according to a second variant. In the second variant, an inclining portion is formed by folding an open end of a lance of a contact terminal.
As illustrated in FIGS. 30 and 31, the lance 1224y includes: a first slope portion 1224m extending from the proximal end 1224a; and a second slope portion 1224n possessing an slope 1224f formed by outwardly bending the open end 1224b. 
The slope 1224f formed by outwardly bending the open end 1224b is located outside than an inclination angle of the first portion 122m. Accordingly, it is possible to form such a gap S0 between the first terminal body 122 of the first contact terminal 12y and each of the sidewalls R23 that the sidewalls R23 do not contact the proximal end 1224a of the lance 1224y when the first contact terminal 12y is inserted into the second fixing hole R2A.
In the second variant, similarly to the first variant, the sidewalls R23 contact the lance 1224y at locations closer to the open ends 1224b than a center of the lance 1224y when the first contact terminal 12y is inserted into the terminal space R2. In FIG. 30, the sidewalls R23 contact the second portions 1224n of the lance 1224y. Accordingly, it is possible to maintain an elastic force by which the compressed lance 1224y wants to return to an original form thereof to thereby prevent the first contact terminal 12y from being pulled out of the terminal space R2, even if the first contact terminal 12y is pulled backwardly.
Furthermore, the slopes 1224f make it possible for the lance 1224y to contact the sidewalls R23 at a location outside than an inclination angle of the first portions 1224m. Thus, even if the gaps S0 are formed wide, the lance 1224y can be engaged to the sidewalls R23 while the second fixing hole R2B is not fabricated longer.
In the present embodiment, the first and second housings are defined as the outer and inner housing 11 and 21, respectively. Alternatively, the first and second housings are defined as the inner and outer housing 21 and 11, respectively.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The electrical connector according to the present invention can be used as a connector equipped in a glow plug, a connector for connecting a combustion pressure sensor and a wire harness to each other, a connector for connecting cables to each other, a connector equipped in various electric/electronic devices, and a connector equipped in an automobile. The electrical connector according to the present invention can be employed broadly in fields such as an electric/electronic industry and an automobile industry.
While the present invention has been described in connection with certain preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the subject matter encompassed by way of the present invention is not to be limited to those specific embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended for the subject matter of the invention to include all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as can be included within the spirit and scope of the following claims.
The entire disclosures of Japanese Patent Applications No. 2014-252496 filed on Dec. 12, 2014 including specification, claims, drawings and summary are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

## Claims

1. An electrical connector, comprising:
a housing including a terminal space formed therein; and
a connector terminal operable to be housed in the terminal space,
wherein:
the connector terminal includes:
a terminal body operable to be inserted into the terminal space; and
at least one lance formed at the terminal body for preventing the terminal body from being pulled out of the terminal final space;
the terminal space includes a pair of first walls with which the at least one lance is engaged when the terminal body is inserted into the terminal space,
the at least one lance includes:
a first portion outwardly extending from the terminal body at a first inclination angle, and;
a second portion being continuous with a distal end of the first portion, and spreading outwardly of the first portion relative to the terminal body;
each of the first portion and the second portion being elastically deformable;
a gap is formed between the terminal body and each of the first walls;
each of the first portion and the second portion is able to pass the gap in an elastically deformed condition;
the second portion is formed with a U-shaped portion comprised of an arcuate portion continuous to a distal end of the first portion;
the arcuate portion is fabricated by outwardly folding a distal end of the first portion;
a second wall and a third wall perpendicularly extend from each of the first walls, the third wall being located more remote from the second wall in a direction in which the connector terminal is inserted into the terminal space; and
the U-shaped portion comprised of the outwardly folded arcuate portion makes abutment with the third wall by virtue of elasticity thereof after the U-shaped portion passes over the third wall in the direction while the connector terminal is being inserted into the terminal space.

2. The electrical connector as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the gap is set up in a manner such that when the terminal body is inserted into the terminal space, the at least one lance contacts each of the pair of walls at a location closer to a distal end of the at least one lance than a center of the at least one lance in a length-wise direction thereof.

3. The electrical connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the at least one lance is fabricated from a part of a sidewall of the terminal body, the part of the sidewall being partially cut and being caused to stand relative to the terminal body.

4. The electrical connector as defined in claim 1, wherein each of the pair of walls is formed with an inclined surface such that a distance between the pair of walls is enlarged.

5. The electrical connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the second portion is formed at an end surface thereof with an inclined surface.

6. A connector terminal, comprising:
a terminal body operable to be inserted into a terminal space formed by a first wall in a housing; and
at least one lance formed at the terminal body for preventing the terminal body from being pulled out of the terminal space,
wherein:
the at least one lance includes:
a first portion outwardly extending from the terminal body at a first inclination angle; and
a second portion being continuous with a distal end of the first portion, and spreading outwardly of the first portion relative to the terminal body;
each of the first portion and the second portion is elastically deformable in a manner such that the first portion and the second portion are able to pass a gap formed between the terminal body and the first wall forming the terminal space;
the second portion is formed with a U-shaped portion comprised of an arcuate portion continuous to a distal end of the first portion;
the arcuate portion is fabricated by outwardly folding a distal end of the first portion,
a second wall and a third wall perpendicularly extend from each of the first walls, the third wall being located more remote from the second wall in a direction in which the connector terminal is inserted into the terminal space; and
the U-shaped portion comprised of the outwardly folded arcuate portion makes abutment with the third wall by virtue of elasticity thereof after the U-shaped portion passes over the third wall in the direction while the connector terminal is being inserted into the terminal space.