P. 1


# OAR Box 1802 Prepped by Charmelle Mathews



## Document

Number: 

# 29 ) IV-E-2 4 Docket Number: 

# A-90-3 7

Printed 11/4/200811:57:59 AM

Sheet 29 of 117P. 2



### DOCKETIN G FOR M T O B E FILED IN THE FOLLOWIN G RULEMAKINGS : Ne w Sourc e Revie w Refor

m Rulemaking

- Docke tNo . A-90-3 7 Regiona l Haz e rulemaking-Docke

tNo . A-95-3 8 NAM E O F EXTERNA L GROU PDepartmento f

Interio ran

d U.S . Fis h and Wildlif

e Service MEETIN G X SPEECH . PHON E CAL L (check one)

DATE : Septembe r30,199 8
TIME : 4:3 0 p m 

# ~li ^

LOCATIO N O F MEETING/SPEECH/PHON E CALL : U S EPA , 401 M Street , S W [MC6103 J Washington , D.C . 2046 0 PURPOS E O F MEETING/SPEECH/PHON E CALL : T o discus s concern s associated wit h Regiona l Haz e an d New Source Review Refor m rulemaking s ATTENDEES : Se e attached lis t COMMENTS : An agend a settin g fort

h th e information discusse d an d handout s provide d durin g th e meetin g are attached . N o ne w substantive informatio n wa s provided .P. 3
> . 

### Date : Septembe

r30,199 8 

## Meeting : EP

A Meetin g u > .B i Dor/ PT~(JO S

on Rfyon«& tkjt, //VS/Z ityw Nam e Organizatio n Phon e # 

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TENTATIV

E AGEND

A
. ~ SEPTEMBE

R30,199 8 DCQ T ~cW o WMZwe^ EPA/DO I MEETING ON AI RQUALIT Y ISSUE S I N NATIONA

L PARK S AN D WILDERNES S AREA S 4:30-5:3 0 p

m EPA-H Q Room93 7 40lMSt,S W Washington , D C PURPOSE : • T o discus s ai

r quality-relatedissue s affectin g resource s i

n nationa l park s andwildernes s area s managedb

y th e Departmen

t ofth e Interior

(NP S an dFWS)
. • T o sugges t

action s EP

A ca n take t o assis t

DO I in carrying out

resourc e protectio n responsibilit

y AGEND A Introduction s An

dOvervie w o f NPS/FWS Ai

r Qualit y Issue s

• FL M roles andresponsibilit

y

• Overvie

w o f NPS/FWS air

program s

• Summar

y o f AQ/AQR V conditions/trend s Discussion O f

EP A Regulator

y FrameworkFo r

Clas s I Area s

• Regiona

l haz e regulation

• Ne w sourc e review regulation an dpolicy guidanc e

/ i

• Us e o f

SIP authority/proces s t o addres s AQR V issue s

• She-specifi c troubleshooting : BRAVO an dMOHAV

E Next Step s



# 3- * 

# Ai rQualit y Monitorin g i n National Parks , b v Typ e Park s i n redindicate s funding provide db y othe r agenc y Olympi^o
. Cascade s

Rcdwo c
Pt.R ( Pinna i Voyageur s j \mIsl e Royal e

Cam/onlanarpB-'Ro< ^ M t Yoscmit e Grefi

t Basi n 

## u M L Br 

## > c c

## c$fi

JosfiUaTrqe

n > nff ' " * Uj<>r n LUSat>tu/r o Gil aCHI T Orga n PtB£ua<|u Q IChirieatmamciiadalup c Mis
. HaTeo W Hawai i MolBioe s

•n . _ NP S Ai r Resource i Division : 9/9 8 ied-Ferya^— | (Sipiili n Volcan o

1 8 

## \ ! ^^"Typ e offlffinitorin g i H —-, Visibility-Optical (18 ) ^ - ^ £ 0 Visibility-Fin e Particle (37 ) Ef l Ozon

e (31 ) nm 

### We tDeposition (Aci d Rain) (29 ) lo
. i n parenthesi s • numbe

r o f park s monitored ) Everglade s



# m i n Island s

# DRAF T

o \ Olympi c 

# Ai rQualit

y Trend s i n National Park s

Ci. Haleakal a i \ n ^n j Everglade s

NP S Ai rRttonu tDKUloo : 9i9%- <j b 

## Legen d Increas e Sam e Decrea ^ N o Repor t 

## • D • • ffH Visibility-Averag

e Du y [-Hp | Visibility-Ba

d Da y |-| ^ Visibility-Coo d Da

y 2 ^ Ozon

e P ^ j Sulfat

e Io n j-fr j Nitrat e Io n

VP. 7



### * .

»»«S . ** E 3 SULFAT E 1 1 NITRAT E D SOI L S i ORGANIC S m

ELEMENTA L CARBO N 4 jug/m s O F FIN E MAS S

E 3 SULFAT

E D D NITRAT

E
___ ABSORPTIO N ( S ORGANIC

S M COARS E -I - FIN E SOI L EXTNCTO N EQUA

L T O S O MVERS E MEGAMETER

S 

# hP. 8
-< . 

# Summe r 1998 Hig h Ozon e Hi t List

Th e summe ro f

199 8 i s shapin g u p t o hav e th e highes tozon e concentration s sinc e 1988 . Seve n parie s hav e alread y hav e th e 4 * highes t8-hou raverag e concentration s o f greate rthan 8 5 ppb . GreatSmok y Mountains , Sequoia , Shenandoah , and Joshu aTre e Nationa l Parks are havin g exceptionall y bad year s from apollutio n standpoin tSevera l parie s tha tha d no tpreviousl y bee n exceedin g th e 1-hourNationa l Ambien t Ai rQuality Standar

d (NAAQS ) are no texceedin g th e 8-hou raverage s o f 8 5 ppb . (Joh n Ray.303-969-2820 ) NP S monitorin g station s excee i Nationa l Par k Grea t Smok

yMt s Cade s Cove Clingman s Dom e Cov e Mountai n Loo k Roc k Mammot h Cav e Shenandoa h Joshu a Tre e Rock yMountai n Sequoia-King s Canyo n

Lowe rKewea h Lookou t Poin t Bi g Ben d Deat h Valle y Pennacle s Gran d Canyo n Craters o f th e Moo n Yosemit e IMPORTAN T NOTE : Thes e table : lin g th e NAAQ S o f 8 5 pp b 0 3 ove r 8-hour s i n 199 8 Ma y Jun e Numbe r Numbe r

2 6 9 7 3 2

i a n base d o t 1 2 1 4 1

- 1 1 2

i screened , rav Jul y Augus t Seaso n Ma x 8-h r 4t h 0 3 ma x Numbe r Numbe r Tota l 8-h r (ppb ) 8-h r

exceedance s 0 3 (PPb)

1 2 8 1 1 7 6 1 1 1 1 3
* dat a and ar e 1 1 5 1 3 1 4 4 7 5 1 7 1 9
3 1 4 no t final . Tl x 3

2 2 2 4 2 3 7 1 5 1 4 3 2 5 2 7 1 1 4 1 1 7 ti e wer e n o exceeda n 8 6

100 9 9 9 8 9 2 11 8 85 8 7 8 5 8 7
9 7 11 7 10 0 ce s o f eithe r t l 9 1

9 8 9 4 8 8 10 3 11 0
9 4

. 9 9
8 5
9 0 li e 1-h r o r8-h rstandard s prio rt o May i n 1998 . Th e Nationa l Ambien tAi rQuality Standard (NAAQS ) fo rozon e i s 0. 8 pp m (> - 8 5 ppb ) ove ran y 8-h rperio d i n aday , usin g th e 4 * highes tannua

l value s average d ove r3 years . Th e table s abov e coun tth e numbe ro f time s tha tth e max . dail y 8-h raverage s exceede d 8 5 ppb .
MI*M03.do e 8*8 6 JD

R



# 1P. 9

Title : Ecologica l Effect s o f Ai r Pollutio n o n Nationa l Par t Servic e Resource s Issue : Th e Nationa l Par k Servic e (NPS ) Organi c Ac t an d th e 197 7 Clea

n Ai r Ac t Amendment s requir e the NP S t o protec t the natura l resource s o f the land s i t manage s fro

m th e advers e effect s o f ai r pollution . NP S researcher s catalog sensitiv

e resources , know

n a s ai r qualit

y relate d values , o

n Departmen t o f Interio r lands , an

d establis hdose-respons e relationship s betwee n level s o f ai r pollutant s an

d effect s o

n ecosystem

s an d populations . Deleteriou s effect s have bee n documente

d fo r tropospheri c ozone o n nativ e vegetatio

n an d fo r aci d precipitatio

n o n aquati c an

d terrestria l ecosystems . Backgroun

d an d Status : o Ozone i s generall y acknowledge

d a s th e ai r pollutan t causin g the greates t amoun t o f injur

y t o nativ

e vegetation . Ozon

e enter s plant s throug hlea f stomat a (holes ) an

d ma y caus e direc t physiologica l injur y t o plants . Ozone may als o weaken sensitiv

e plants , permittin g significan t injur y b y secondar

y stressors . o Sensitivity

t o ozone varie s b

y plant species ; environmenta l conditions ; tota l amoun t o f ozone enterin g a plant ; an

d the timin

g an d pea k characteristic s o f th e tota l ozone dose . o Researcher s have documente d ozon e injur y t o nativ

e hardwoo

d an d coniferou s tree s an d herbaceou s plant s i n NP S unit s acros s th e Unite d States . o Plant s in th e Sierr a Nevad a ar e expose

d t o chroni c hig

hozone levels . Bothgrowthan

d folia r effect s hav e bee n documente

d o n ponderos a an

d Jeffre

y pine s sinc e the earl y 1960's , includin

g plot s withi n Sierra n nationa l parks . Change s in plan t community structur e due t o ozone hav e bee n documente

d i n souther n California . o Researcher s fumigate d 4 6 plant specie s a t the Grea t Smok y Mountain s Nationa l Park Fumigatio n Facility

(1987-1992) . TWenty-tw o o f thes e specie s displaye

d foliar injur

y a t treatment level s equa l t o loca l ambient ozone . o Wit hth e passag e o f th e Clea n Ai r Ac t Amendment s o f 1990 , an d the phase

d reduction s i n sulfur dioxide fro m powe r plant s an

d industry , attentio n i s no w focuse d o n issue s relate

d t o nitroge

n deposition , resultin g fro m powe r plant , industry , an

d automobil e emissions . o O

n NPS-protected lands , we ar e concerne d wit hth

e lon g distanc e transpor t an d transformatio

n o f nitroge

n an d sulfur oxide s an

d th e depositio

n o f nitrogen an d sulfu r compound s tha t ca n affec t freshwate r lakes , streams , ponds , the watershed s surroundin g thes e wate r bodies , an d estuarine ecosystems . o Th e region s o f concer n regardin

g aci d depositio

n includ

e th e uplan

d area s o f th e easter

n U.S. , th e mountainou s preserve s o f the Rockies , Cascade s an d Sierra Nevada , an

d th e shallo

w bays an

d estuarie s alon

g th e Atlanti c an

d Gul f Coasts . We hav

e observe

d acidificatio

n o f stream

s in bothShenandoa han d Grea t Smok y Mountain s NPs . o Effect s o f concer n includ

e change s in wate r chemistr y tha t affec t algae , submerge

d vegetation , fish , amphibian , an d aquati c invertebrat e communities . Thes e change s ca

n resul t in highe r foo d we bimpacts . o Ther e i s som e evidenc e tha t atmospheri c depositio n i s leadin

g t o soi l acidification , aluminu m mobilization , an d los s o f bas e cation s (essentia l nutrients ) i

n forests ; however , becaus e o f compoundin g factor s i t ha s bee n muc h mor e difficul t t o establis hdose/respons e relationship s for thes e ecosystems .

< \

# Nationa l Atmospheri c Depositio n Progra m / Nationa l Trend s Networ k 1985-1993 Trend s i n Nitrate Io n Concentratio n at NP S Site s

\ » ?

r :

O c

01

-

f . 

## \ f Negativ

e slope estimate , p>0.05 V Negatiyeislope estimate , p<0.0 5 A Positiv

e slop e estimate , p>0.0 5 A Positiv

e slop e estimate , p<0.0 5 Precipitatio n Chemistry Trend s I n th e Unite d States : 1980-1993 . Summary Report . J . A . Lynch , V . C . Bowereox , C . Simmons . 1995 . Nationa l Atmospheri c Depostio n Program , T J o

### fyZJlllAJy PdrloCA 

### FIS H AN D WILDUF E SERVIC E CLAS S I AREA S > \ % 

# r

# r—^_

_ / l Medicin e Lake^ T •rostwocfa —r 

### - « \ ULBend « ' \ 

# > l 

# ' I S ^Red-K_ockLal^e s 

# My±^_ / \ 

# M^-""'Vk ^

Moos^horn *

wanquarte r

^ «_Cap e Romai n Wol f Islan d *§t . M^*ks ahowitzk a

Ma p produce d b y th e Ha h an d Wildlif e Servic e Ai rQualit y Branc h 2/27/199 8P.1 2

U.S . Fis h an d Wildlif e Servic e Nationa l Wildlif e Refug e Syste m I FW S manage s 9 3 M acre s o f lan d an d wate ri n >50 0 nationa l wildlif e refuge s I 20. 6 M acre s i n 7 5 wildernes s area s I 2 1 o f th e 75 wildernes s area s ar e Clas s I ai rqualit yarea s Nationa l Wildlif e Refug e Syste m Improvemen t Act , 199 7 ..^isis&ssii^^^misims^si^ Clearl yestablishe s wildlif e conservatio n as th e missio n o f th e Refug e System : "ensur e tha t th e biologica l integrity , diversity , an d environmenta l healt h o f th e syste m ar e maintaine d fo rth e benefi t o f presen t an d futur e generation s o f Americans. "

FWS Ai r Qualit y Branc h I Par t o f th e FW

S Divisio n o f Refuge s I Co-Locate d i n Denve rwit h th e NP S Ai r Resource s Divisio n I FW S an d NP

S hav e IA G t o cooperat e o n ai rqualit yissue s affectin g FW S an d NP S land s an d resource s FW S Clas s I Area s I Includ e a variet yo f habitat s - wetland s an d floodplains , islands , prairies , forest s I Provid e importan t habita t fo rwaterfow l an d othe rbirds , mammals , reptiles , amphibians , an d fis h I Provid e habita t fo rthreatene d an d endangere d specie s I Man yar e locate d nea rurba n area s wit h hig h rate s o f developmen t

ACA O BRE T BRI G CHA S CM O EVE R ORS H HAL E •AC A MOR A SKE N 1 }

1 1 1 1 — I 1

1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 SO 6 0 NS R PERMI TAPPLICATIONS , 1987-199 7 70 8 0 Resource s a t Ris k Fro m Ai r Pollutio n include : I Vegetatio n I Wate rQualit y I Wildlif e I Visibilit y



# AOP.1 3

Ai r Qualit y Effect s o n Vegetatio n Ozon e injur ydocumente d at : I Brigantin e (NJ ) I Cap e Romai n (SC ) I Ming o (MO ) I Moosehor n (ME ) Othe rarea s hav e no t bee n examined
. Ai r Qualit y Effect s o n Wate r Qualit y I Man yFW

S Class I area s contai n significan t estuarin e an d coasta l water s sensitiv e t o nitroge n depositio n (eutrophication ) I Toxics , e.g. , Hg , deposite d int o aquati c ecosystem s ar e bioaccumulate d I Certai n freshwater s ar e tow i n AN C

Ai r Qualit y Effect s o n Wildlif e I Habita t alteratio n (e.g. , eutrophication , acidification ) I Toxicit y(e.g. , mercury ) Ai r Qualit y Effect s o n Visibilit y I Visibl e plume s (e.g. , Moosehorn ) I Regiona l haz e (al l areas )

Ne wSourc e Revie wIssue s o f Concer n I Clas s IS0 2 incremen t exceede d o rnearl y exceede d a t Breton , Chassahowitzka , an d Cap e Romai n I Stat e emission s inventorie s ar e no t adequatel ymaintaine d l BAC T analyse s ar e inconsistent ; NSP S no t i n keepin g wit h ne w technolog y Cas e Study : Breto n Ai r Qualit y Stud y I Purpose : t o evaluat e statu s o f S0 2 incremen t a t Breto n I Cooperativ e effor t o f FWS , MMS , EPA, State s o f LA , MS , an d AL , an d onshor e an d offshor e industr

y I Nee d guidanc e fro m EP A o n baseline , inventories , an d modelin g 

# | 3. _ 

# &Br%y ; 

## EP AAI R D0CKE1 7 United Spate

s Environmenta l Protectio n Agen w WasWngton . D C 2046 0 penalt y forPrivate U M $30 0 * » •^

/** -u. —. *
. Denni s Crumple rf A-90-37 ] U S EPA , Q^QP

S Researc h Triangl e Park , N C 2771 1

T lP.1 5 

### A-90-3 7



### DOCKETIN G FOR M T O B E FILE D I N TH E FOLLOWIN G RULEMAKINGS : Ne w Sourc e Review Refor mRulemaking-Docke t

No
. A-90-3 7 Regiona l Haz e rulemaking-Docke t No
. A-95-3 8 NAM E O FEXTERNA L GROU P Departmen t of Interio r an dU.S
. Fis h an dWildlif e Servic e MEETIN G X SPEEC H PHON E CAL L (chec k one )

DATE : Septembe r

30,199 8



# - 2 TIME : 4:3 0 p m ! U I 

### LOCATIO N O FMEETING/SPEECH/PHON E CALL : U S EPA , 40 1 M Street , S W [MC6103 ] Washington , D.C
. 2Q46

0 PURPOS E O FMEETING/SPEECH/PHON E CALL : T o discus s concern s associate dwit h Regional Haz e an dNew Sourc e Revie w Reform rulemaking s ATTENDEES : Se e attache dlis t COMMENTS :

- • • - • ">
. 

### An agend asettin g forth th e informatio n discusse dan dhandout s provide ddurin g th e meetin g ar e attached
. No new substantiv e informatio n wa s provided
.P.1 6

OCT-30-199 8 17:3 8 EPfl-OflR/Ofi P 20 2 56 5 214 7 P.22/23 

## WaenEnw w Corporatio n ,. „ W'ZzS*] 0r*W0T4H«ftflt!.V^«Ptaini.NewVb * 1060 1 .{M«M*4600 - ta(ei4)94WlS?jei00 

## 1GI N Peat-i f Fa x Net s 7871 

# *SJtuuUcZ C*6w? 

### 7 F B ¥ 

# f&-£J?74to-> H M I . ^ • ftM m 

# rr\lhll rzr, Octobe r 23,199 8 Mr
. Rober t Pereiasep e Assistan t Adrnmisttato r AirandRadktio n . — Environmenta l fftteetio n Agenc y 401MSIS W Washington
. D C 5046 0 Dea r Assistan t Admmistxato

T Pereiasepe : Than k yo u fcragamspene^tro^ yesterday withto powe r generatio n eonsultatio n group . I thin k i t wa s another

very useful discussion
. A i yo u know , Trlgen' s approac ht o (h e energ y busines s i s t o b e competitiv e b y bein g more efficien t than ou r competition , n o matte r

what fuel w e us e i n aparticular

location , tha t

practic e combine dwit

hth e us e o f clea n technologie s make s ou r project s amon g th e lowes t

emittin g fossil fue

l burnin g facilitie s i n operation
. W e hav e bee n participatin g i n thi s consultatio n group a s w e ar e conceme dabou t situation s wher e environmenta l regulation s actuall y creat e barrier s t o pursuin g project s whic haccomplis hou r ' nation s environmental goals
. I think yo u an dth e group hav e identifie dsom e o f thes e barrier s an dsuggeste dsome userW

## appxoaehe s l o addressin g them
. Th e purpos e o f tiiis lette r i s t o simpl y lis t th e hem s that

war e brough t

u p that I think aigmr y some p'rogre u an dtha t

woul dwsrrant furthe r attention
.
• Eri e Sveuso n mentione dth e importanc e o f output-base dregulation
. W e agre e that thi s l s acritica l too l t o internalizin g efficiency i n EPA' s mission
. Whe n regulatio n i s basede n

. output , man y ofth e problem s w e currently rac e o f encouragin g an drecognizin g efficienc y an dpollutio n preventio n simpl y disappear
. W e endors e th e broades t applicatio n o f

output-base denvironmenta

l regulatio n at

th e earlies t possibl e pac e an dw o thin k tha t pac e ean b e muc hfaste

r tha n i s currently envisioned
. W e understan dthat ther e ar e perceive dbarrier s t o implementin g thes e approache s bu t w e believ e tha t

tare ar e simple , near-ter

msolution s t o mos t

o r al l o f them
. • I n th e discussio n o f

ne w sourc e review , yo u mentione dth e simplificatio n mad e possibl e b y emissio n cap programs . W e als o believ e that integratio n o f

NS Rwithemissio n cap s i s agreat opportunit y t o simplif y man y regulator

y program s withou t

risk t o th e environment
. Whe n a

U affectedsource s are under

arobus t cap , netting , offsets , fluctuation s an dgrowt

hi n emission s an deve

n ne w technolog y requirement s ean b e largel y o r entirel y take n care o f

b y th aeap . Thi s reduce s th e burde n e n regulate* * an dth e^ i 

# ys. OCT-30-199 8 17:3 8 EPfi-OflR/QPI P 20 2 56 5 214 7 P . 03/0 3



## lette rto : RobertPereiasep e Septembe r10,199 8 Pag e 2

• • regulate d community alike . A^pmpedy designe d ea p i s als o oumut-base d an d thu s ericouragejei&ienc y and pollutio n preventio n Amon g othe rvenues , th e developmen t ofth e ozone/P M standards may b e an excellen topportunit y t o pursu e th e integratio n o f thes e type s o f

programs an d there ar

e othe rnesre rter

m opportunitie s thatw e coul d work on . . • W e appreciate d you rdiscussio n ofth e loca l nettin g is ^ relate d to cistic tenerg y an d othe rCft Pprojects . W e kno w thatthere i s areal , measurabl e environmental benefi t associate d wit h thes e projects an d we' d tike t o workwith yo u t o find awa y ib rEP A t o recogniz e matundereithe rexistin g o rne w regulations . • W e di d no thav e time t o discus s di e Titl e V ownershi p separation issu e bu tw e believ e tiiati s anothe rtopic thatean b e solve d t o provid e enviroxunenra l benefit s ifw e devot e a littl e time t o i t W e are committe d t o workin g furthe ro n thes e issue s and sharing ou rthoughts and suggestion s wit h yo u an d other s a tth e EPA , Than kyo u agai n fortakin g tim e t o worko n thi s wit h u s an d w e loej c forward t o future discussions . Sincerely , Mar kC Hal l Directo ro f Governmen tAfter s

^P.1 8 

### A-90-3 7 

### IV-g-^ f
DOCKETIN G FOR M T O B E FILE D I N TH E FOLLOWIN G RULEMAKINGS : Ne w Sourc e Review Refor

mRulemaking

- Docket

No
. A-90-3 7 Regiona l Haz e rulemaking-Docke t No
. A-95-3 8 NAME O FEXTERNA L GROU P Departmen t of Interio r an dU.S
. Fis h an dWildlif e Servic e MEETIN G ^ X SPEEC H PHON E CAL L (chec k one )

DATE : September

30,199 8
TIME : 4:3 0 p m 

## -2i-: .

F c / - • 

# 1

LOCATIO N O FMEETING/SPEECH/PHON E CALL : U S EPA , 40 1 M Street , S W [MC6103 ] Washington , D.C
. 2046 0 PURPOS E O FMEETING/SPEECH/PHON E CALL : T o discus s concern s associate dwit h Regional Haz e an dNew Sourc e Revie w Refor m rulemaking s ATTENDEES : Se e attache dlis t COMMENTS :

. • • - o . A n agend asettin g forth th e informatio n discusse dan dhandout s provide ddurin g th e meetin g ar e attached
. N o new substantiv e informatio n wa s provided
.P.1 9



### Date : September

30,199 8 Meeting : EP A Meetin g uo i

Name Organizatio n Phon e # 

# 'trio V>yc\cj&q&> £PA^A£
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# m 3&-%? 'Jrti Shfhoyn ^kuLndny? £% p 'tfl'206'Wlb 

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# £PA-M

TENTATIV

E AGEND

A . ~ SEPTEMBER30,199 8 DO T -cW o &i^^7\ EPA/DOI MEETING O

N AI RQUALIT

Y ISSUE S I N NATIONA

L PARK S AN D WILDERNES S AREA S 4:30-5:3 0 p

m EPA-H Q Room93 7 401MSL.S W Washington , D C PURPOSE : • T o discus s ai

r quality-relatedissue s affectin g resources i

n nationa l park s an dwildemes s area s manage db y the Departmen

t ofth e Interior

(NP S an dFWS)
. • T o suggest

action s EP

A ca n take t o assis t

DO I i n carrying out

resourc e protectio n responsibilit

y AGEND A Introduction s An

dOvervie w o f NPS/FWS Ai

r Qualit y Issue s

• FL M role s an dresponsibilit

y

• Overvie

w o f NPS/FWS ai

r program s

• Summar

y o f AQ/AQR V conditions/trend s Discussion Of

EP A Regulator

y Framewor

k Fo r Clas s I Area s

• Regiona

l haz e regulation

• Ne w sourc e revie

w regulation an

dpolicy guidanc e

• Us e o f

SI P authority/proces s t o addres s AQR V issue s

• She-specific troubleshooting : BRAVO an dMOHAV

E Next Step s



# 3

# - s Ai rQualit y Monitorin g i n National Parks , b v Typ e
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-__ . Visibility-Optica l (18 ) TM Visibility-Fin e Particl e (37 ) E H Ozon e (31 ) [



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### We t Depositio n (Aci dRain ) (29 )
NP S Ai rResource s Division : 9/9 8 

# IVJ
.

o . in parenthesi

s = numbe ro f park s monitored) ' 

# 71 Everglade s

i n Island s

# DRAF T

^AP.2 3

»*^ . +» VZ SULFAT E •NITRAT

E •SOI L SORGANIC S ^ELEMENTA L CARBO N 4 >jg/m s O F FIN E MAS S

2 2 SULFAT

E ^ NITRAT E •ABSORPTIO

N H ORGANIC

S W COARS E + FINE SOI L EXTNCTIO N EQUAL TO 3 0 NVERS E MEGAMETER

S 

# b

# Summe r 1998 Hig h Ozon e Hi t List

Th e summe ro f

199 8 i s shapin g u

p to hav e th e highes tozon e concentration s sinc e 1988 . Seve n park s hav e already hav e the 4 * highes t8-hou raverage concentration s o f greate rtha

n 8 5 ppb . Grea

tSmok y Mountains , Sequoia , Shenandoah , an d Joshua Tree Nationa l Parks ar e havin g exceptionall y ba d year s from a poUution standpoin tSeveral park s tha thad notpreviousl y bee n exceedin g th e 1-hourNationa l Ambien t Ai rQualit

y Standar d (NAAQS ) ar

e notexceedin g th e 8-hou raverage s o f 8 5 ppb . (Joh n Ray,303-969-2820 ) NP S monitorin g station s excee c Nationa l Par k Grea t Smok y Mt s Cade s Cov e Clingman s Dome Cov e Mountai n Loo k Rock jMammot h Cav

e [Shenandoa h Jjoshu a Tre e Rock y Mountai n Sequoia-King s Canyo n

Lowe r Kewea h Lookou t Poin t pi g Ben d [Deat h Valle

y IPennacles [Gran d Canyo n [Crater s ofth e Moo n |Yosemit e IMPORTAN T NOTE : Thes e tabl e lin g th e I Ma y Jun e Numbe r Numbe r

2 6 9 7 3 2

s are base d o i 1

2 1 4 1 •1 1 2

i screened , ra

\ "IAAQ S o f 8 5 pp b 0 3 ove r 8-hour s i n I S Jul y Augus t Seaso n Ma x 8-h r 0 3 Numbe r Numbe r Tota l 8-h r (ppb )

exceedance s

1 2 8 1 1 7 6 1 1 1 1 3 M dat a an d are 1

1 5 1 3 1 4 4 7 5 1 7 1 9
3 1 4 no t final . T h 3

2 2 2 4 2 3 7 1 5 1 4 3 2 5 2 7 1 1 4 1 1 •7 :r e wer e n o exceeda n 8 6

10 0 9 9 9 8 9 2 11 8 85 87 85 8 7
9 7 11 7 100 ce s o f eithe r t•9 8 4t h max 8-h r 0 3 (PPb )
9 1 9 8 9 4 8 8 103 11 0
94 9 9
85
9 0 h e 1-h r o r8-hrstandard s prio rt o May i n 1998 . Th e Nationa l Ambien tAi rQualit y Standar d (NAAQS ) fo rozon e i s 0. 8 pp m ( » 8 5 ppb ) ove ran y 8-hrperio d i n aday, usin g th e 4 * highes tannual value s average d ove r3 years . Th e table s abov e coun tth e numbe ro f time s tha tth e max . dail y 8-hraverage s exceede d 8 5 ppb .
96 Ntfat03.do c 9-9-9 8 JO R



# 1Title : Ecologica l Effect s o f Ai r Pollutio n o n Nationa l Par

k Servic e Resource s Issue : The Nationa l Par k Servic e (NPS ) Organi c Ac t an d th e 197 7 Clea

n Ai r Ac t Amendment s requir e th e NP S t o protec t the natura l resource s o f th e land s i t manage s fro

m th e advers e effect s o f ai r pollution . NP S researcher s catalo g sensitiv

e resources , know

n a s ai r quality

relate d values , o

n Departmen t o f Interior lands , an

d establis hdose-respons e relationship s betwee n level s o f ai r pollutant s an

d effect s o

n ecosystem

s an d populations . Deleteriou s effect s have bee n documente

d for tropospheri c ozon e o n nativ e vegetatio

n an d fo r aci d precipitatio

n o n aquati c an

d terrestria l ecosystems . Backgroun

d an d Status : o Ozon

e i s generall y

acknowledge

d a s th e ai r pollutan t causin g th e greates t amoun t o f injur

y t o nativ

e vegetation . Ozon

e enter s plant s throug hlea f stomat a (holes ) an

d ma y caus e direc t physiologica l injur y t o plants . Ozon e may als o weaken sensitiv

e plants , permittin g significan t injur y b y secondar

y stressors . o Sensitivit

y t o ozon

e varie s b

y plan t species ; environmenta l conditions ; tota l amount o f ozon e enterin

g a plant ; an

d th e timin g an d pea k characteristic s o f th e tota l ozon

e dose . o Researcher s hav e documente

d ozone injur

y t o nativ

e hardwoo

d an d coniferou s tree s an d herbaceou s plant s in NP S unit s acros s the United States . o Plant s i

n th e Sierra Nevad

a ar e expose

d t o chroni c hig

hozone levels . Bothgrowthan

d folia r effect s hav

e bee n documente

d o n ponderos a an

d Jeffre

y pine s sinc e th

e earl y 1960's , includin

g plot s withi n Sierra n nationa l parks . Change s i

n plant communit

y structur e du e t o ozone hav e bee n documented i n souther n California . o Researcher s fumigate d 4 6 plan t specie s a t th e Grea t Smok

y Mountain s Nationa l Par

k Fumigatio

n Facility

(1987-1992) . Twenty-tw o o f thes e specie s displaye

d foliar injur

y a t treatmen t level s equa l t o loca l ambien t ozone . o Wit hth

e passage o f th

e Clea n Ai r Ac t Amendment s o f 1990 , an d th e phase d reduction s i

n sulfu r dioxid

e fro m powe r plant s an

d industry , attentio n i s no w focuse d o n issue s relate

d t o nitroge

n deposition , resultin g fro m powe r plant , industry , an

d automobil e emissions . o O

n NPS-protecte

d lands , we ar e concerne d withth

e lon g distanc e transpor t an d transformatio

n o f nitroge

n an d sulfur oxide s an

d th e depositio

n o f nitrogen an d sulfur compound s tha t ca n affec t freshwate r lakes , streams , ponds , the watershed s surroundin g thes e wate r bodies , an d estuarin

e ecosystems . o Th e region s o f concer n regardin

g aci d depositio

n includ

e th e uplan d area s o f th e easter

n U.S. , th

e mountainou s preserve s o f th e Rockies , Cascade s an d Sierr a Nevada , an

d th e shallo

w bay s an

d estuarie s alon

g the Atlanti c an

d Oul f Coasts . W

e hav e observe

d acidificatio

n o f stream

s i n bot hShenandoa

han d Grea t Smok y Mountain s NPs . o Effect s o f concer n includ

e change s i

n wate r chemistr

y tha t affec t algae , submerge

d vegetation , fish , amphibian , an d aquati c invertebrat e communities . Thes e change s ca

n resul t i

n highe r foo

d webimpacts . o Ther e i s som e evidenc e tha t atmospheri c depositio n i s leadin

g t o soi l acidification , aluminu m mobilization , an d los s o f bas e cation s (essentia l nutrients ) i

n forests ; however , becaus e o f compoundin g factor s i t ha s bee n muc h mor e difficul t t o establishdose/respons e relationship s for thes e ecosystems .



# °l

# Nationa l Atmospheri c Depositio n Progra m / Nationa l Trend s Networ k 1985-1993 Trend s i n Nitrate Io n Concentratio n at NP S Site s

r l

C D n

i a v

6

P 1

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# I ?( .

*-^ww > • ' f 

## ^ T Negativ

e slope estimate , p>0.0 5 ^ Negativ

e slope estimate , p<0.0 5 A Positiv

e slope estimate , p>0.0 5 A Positive slope estimate , p<0.0 5 Precipitatio n Chemistry Trend s i n th e Unite d States : 1980-1993 . Summary Report . J . A . Lynch , V . C . Bowersox , C . Simmons . 1995 . Nationa l Atmospheri c Depostio n Program .
T J

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### FIS H AN D WILDUF E SERVIC E CLAS S I AREA S 

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### Moosehor n • > 

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wanquarte r

^ ^Cap e Romai n 'wol f Islan d f Chassahowitzk a

Ma p produce db y th e Hs h an l WildUf e Servic e Ai r

Qualit y Branc h 2/27/199 8P.2 8

U.S . Fis h an d Wildlif e Servic e Nationa l Wildlif e Refug e Syste m i FW S manage

s 93 M acre

s o f lan d an d wate ri n >50 0 nationa l wildlif e refuges 1 20. 6 M acre

s i n 7 5 wilderness area

s I 2 1 of th e 7

5 wilderness area

s ar e Clas s I ai rqualit

yarea s Nationa l Wildlif e Refug e Syste m Improvemen t Act , 199 7 Clearlyestablishes wildlif e conservatio n a s th e missio n of th e Refug e System : "ensur e that th e biologica l integrity , diversity , an d environmenta l healt h of th e syste m ar e maintaine d fo rth e benefi t o f presen t an d future generation s o f Americans. "

FW S Ai r Qualit y Branc h i Par t of th e FW

S Divisio n o f Refuge

s I Co-Locate

d i n Denve rwit h th e NP

S Ai r Resource s Divisio n I FW S an d NP S hav e IA G t o cooperat

e o n ai rqualit yissue s affectin g FW

S an d NP S land s an d resource

s FW S Clas s I Area s i Includ e a variet

yo f habitats - wetland s an d floodplains , islands , prairies , forests I Provid e importan t habita t fo rwaterfow l an d othe rbirds , mammals , reptiles , amphibians , an d fis h I Provid e habita

t fo rthreatene d an d endangered specie

s I Man yar e located nea rurba n area

s wit h hig h rates o f developmen t

Resource s a t Ris k

Fro m Ai r Pollutio n include : I Vegetatio n i Wate rQualit

y I Wildlife • Visibilit y



# sP.2 9

Ai r Qualit y Effect s o n Vegetatio n Ozon e injurydocumente d at : 1 Brigantin e (NJ ) B Cap e Romai n (SC ) f Ming o (MO ) I Moosehor n (ME ) Othe rarea s have no t bee n examined
. Ai r Qualit y Effect s o n Wate r Qualit y I Man yFW

S Clas s I area s contai n significan t estuarin e an d coasta l water s sensitiv e t o nitroge n depositio n (eutrophication ) i Toxics , e.g. , Hg , deposite d int o aquati c ecosystem s ar e bioaccumulate d 1 Certai n freshwater s ar e lo w i n AN C

Ai r Qualit y Effect s o n Wildlif e § Habita t alteratio n (e.g. , eutrophication , acidification ) i Toxicit y(e.g. , mercury ) Ai r Qualit y Effect s o n Visibilit y i Visibl e plume s (e.g. , Moosehorn ) § Regiona l haz e (al l areas )

Ne wSourc e Revie wIssue s o f Concer n § Class IS0 2 incremen t exceede d o rnearl y exceede d a t Breton , Chassahowitzka , an d Cap e Romai n S Stat e emission s inventorie s ar e no t adequatel ymaintaine d i BAC T analyse s are inconsistent ; NSP S no t i n keepin g wit h new technolog y Cas e Study : Breto n Ai r Qualit y Stud y ••, 1 wm&emm®mm$s^8RBB0aB8ii i Purpose : t o evaluat e statu s o f S0 2 incremen t a t Breto n 1 Cooperativ e effor t o f FWS , MMS , EPA, State s o f LA , MS , an d AL , an d onshor e an d offshor e industr

y l Nee d guidanc e fro m EP A o n baseline , inventories , an d modelin g


# I *