# Patent

## Title
High efficiency roller shade

## Abstract

A motorized roller shade is provided. The motorized roller shade includes a shade tube in which a motor unit, a controller unit and a power supply unit are disposed. The controller unit includes a controller to control the motor. The power supply unit includes at least one bearing rotatably coupled to a support shaft. The motor unit includes at least one bearing, rotatably coupled to another support shaft, a DC gear motor and a counterbalancing device. The output shaft of the DC gear motor is coupled to the support shaft such that the output shaft and the support shaft do not rotate when the support shaft is attached to a mounting bracket.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/097,358, filed on Dec. 5, 2013 (and published as U.S. Pub. No.: US 2014/0090789) which is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/276,963, filed on Oct. 19, 2011, which is a Continuation-in-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/711,192, filed on Feb. 23, 2010 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,299,734, issued on Oct. 30, 2012), the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a motorized shade. Specifically, the present invention relates to a high-efficiency roller shade.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
One ubiquitous form of window treatment is the roller shade. A common window covering during the 19.sup.th century, a roller shade is simply a rectangular panel of fabric, or other material, that is attached to a cylindrical, rotating tube. The shade tube is mounted near the header of the window such that the shade rolls up upon itself as the shade tube rotates in one direction, and rolls down to cover the a desired portion of the window when the shade tube is rotated in the opposite direction.
A control system, mounted at one end of the shade tube, can secure the shade at one or more positions along the extent of its travel, regardless of the direction of rotation of the shade tube. Simple mechanical control systems include ratchet-and-pawl mechanisms, friction brakes, clutches, etc. To roll the shade up and down, and to position the shade at intermediate locations along its extend of travel, ratchet-and-pawl and friction brake mechanisms require the lower edge of the shade to be manipulated by the user, while clutch mechanisms include a control chain that is manipulated by the user.
Not surprisingly, motorization of the roller shade was accomplished, quite simply, by replacing the simple, mechanical control system with an electric motor that is directly coupled to the shade tube. The motor may be located inside or outside the shade tube, is fixed to the roller shade support and is connected to a simple switch, or, in more sophisticated applications, to a radio frequency (RF) or infrared (IR) transceiver, that controls the activation of the motor and the rotation of the shade tube.
Many known motorized roller shades provide power, such as 120 VAC, 220/230 VAC 50/60 Hz, etc., to the motor and control electronics from the facility in which the motorized roller shade is installed. Recently-developed battery-powered roller shades provide installation flexibility by removing the requirement to connect the motor and control electronics to facility power. The batteries for these roller shades are typically mounted within, above, or adjacent to the shade mounting bracket, headrail or fascia. Unfortunately, these battery-powered systems suffer from many drawbacks, including, for example, high levels of self-generated noise, inadequate battery life, inadequate or nonexistent counterbalancing capability, inadequate or nonexistent manual operation capability, inconvenient installation requirements, and the like.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention advantageously provide a motorized roller shade that includes a shade tube in which a motor unit, a controller unit and a power supply unit are disposed. The controller unit includes a controller to control the motor. The power supply unit includes at least one bearing rotatably coupled to a support shaft. The motor unit includes a bearing, rotatably coupled to another support shaft, a DC gear motor and a counterbalancing device, such as, for example, a rotating perch, a fixed perch and a spring. The output shaft of the DC gear motor is coupled to the support shaft such that the output shaft and the support shaft do not rotate when the support shaft is attached to a mounting bracket.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, certain embodiments of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof herein may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional embodiments of the invention that will be described below and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto.
In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of embodiments in addition to those described and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein, as well as the abstract, are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception upon which this disclosure is based may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1A and 1B depict complementary isometric views of a motorized roller shade assembly, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B depict complementary isometric views of a motorized roller shade assembly, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 3 depicts an exploded, isometric view of the motorized roller shade assembly depicted in FIG. 2B.
FIG. 4 depicts an isometric view of a motorized tube assembly, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 depicts a partially-exploded, isometric view of the motorized tube assembly depicted in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 depicts an exploded, isometric view of the motor/controller unit depicted in FIG. 5.
FIGS. 7A and 7B depict exploded, isometric views of a motor/controller unit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 7C, 7D and 7E depict isometric views of a motor/controller unit according to another alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8A depicts an exploded, isometric view of the power supply unit depicted in FIGS. 4 and 5.
FIG. 8B depicts an exploded, isometric view of a power supply unit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8C depicts an exploded, isometric view of a power supply unit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 9A and 9B depict exploded, isometric views of a power supply unit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 presents a front view of a motorized roller shade, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the motorized roller shade depicted in FIG. 10.
FIG. 12 presents a front view of a motorized roller shade, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the motorized roller shade depicted in FIG. 12.
FIG. 14 presents a front view of a motorized roller shade, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the motorized roller shade depicted in FIG. 14.
FIG. 16 presents an isometric view of a motorized roller shade assembly in accordance with the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 10-15.
FIG. 17 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 18 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 17.
FIG. 19 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 20 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 19.
FIG. 21 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 22 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 21.
FIG. 23 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 24 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 23.
FIG. 25 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 26 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 25.
FIG. 27 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 28 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 27.
FIG. 29 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 30 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 29.
FIG. 31 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 32 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 31.
FIG. 33 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade with counterbalancing, according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 34 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 33.
FIG. 35 presents a method 400 for controlling a motorized roller shade 20, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 36-45 present operational flow charts illustrating various preferred embodiments of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The invention will now be described with reference to the drawing figures, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout. The term “shade” as used herein describes any flexible material, such as a shade, a curtain, a screen, etc., that can be deployed from, and retrieved onto, a storage tube.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a remote controlled motorized roller shade in which the batteries, DC gear motor, control circuitry are entirely contained within a shade tube that is supported by bearings. Two support shafts are attached to respective mounting brackets, and the bearings rotatably couple the shade tube to each support shaft. The output shaft of the DC gear motor is fixed to one of the support shafts, while the DC gear motor housing is mechanically coupled to the shade tube. Accordingly, operation of the DC gear motor causes the motor housing to rotate about the fixed DC gear motor output shaft, which causes the shade tube to rotate about the fixed DC gear motor output shaft as well. Because these embodiments do not require external wiring for power or control, great flexibility in mounting, and re-mounting, the motorized roller shade is provided.
Encapsulation of the motorization and control components within the shade tube, combined with the performance of the bearings and enhanced battery capacity of the DC gear motor configuration described above, greatly increases the number of duty cycles provided by a single set of batteries and provides a highly efficient roller shade. Additionally, encapsulation advantageously prevents dust and other contaminants from entering the electronics and the drive components.
In an alternative embodiment, the batteries may be mounted outside of the shade tube, and power may be provided to the components located within the shade tube using commutator or slip rings, induction techniques, and the like. Additionally, the external batteries may be replaced by any external source of DC power, such as, for example, an AC/DC power converter, a solar cell, etc.
FIGS. 1A and 1B depict complementary isometric views of a motorized roller shade assembly 10 having a reverse payout, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. FIGS. 2A and 2B depict complementary isometric views of a motorized roller shade assembly 10 having a standard payout, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, while FIG. 3 depicts an exploded, isometric view of the motorized roller shade assembly 10 depicted in FIG. 2B. In one embodiment, motorized roller shade 20 is mounted near the top portion of a window, door, etc., using mounting brackets 5 and 7. In another embodiment, motorized roller shade 20 is mounted near the top portion of the window using mounting brackets 15 and 17, which also support fascia 12. In the latter embodiment, fascia end caps 14 and 16 attach to fascia 12 to conceal motorized roller shade 20, as well as mounting brackets 15 and 17.
Generally, motorized roller shade 20 includes a shade 22 and a motorized tube assembly 30. In a preferred embodiment, motorized roller shade 20 also includes a bottom bar 28 attached to the bottom of shade 22. In one embodiment, bottom bar 28 provides an end-of-travel stop, while in an alternative embodiment, end-of-travel stops 24 and 26 may be provided. As discussed in more detail below, in preferred embodiments, all of the components necessary to power and control the operation of the motorized roller shade 20 are advantageously located within motorized tube assembly 30.
FIGS. 4 and 5 depict isometric views of motorized tube assembly 30, according to one embodiment of the present invention. Motorized tube assembly 30 includes a shade tube 32, motor/controller unit 40 and power supply unit 80. The top of shade 22 is attached to the outer surface of shade tube 32, while motor/controller unit 40 and power supply unit 80 are located within an inner cavity defined by the inner surface of shade tube 32.
FIG. 6 depicts an exploded, isometric view of the motor/controller unit 40 depicted in FIG. 5. Generally, the motor/controller unit 40 includes an electrical power connector 42, a circuit board housing 44, a DC gear motor 55 that includes a DC motor 50 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 52, a mount 54 for the DC gear motor 55, and a bearing housing 58.
The electrical power connector 42 includes a terminal 41 that couples to the power supply unit 80, and power cables 43 that connect to the circuit board(s) located within the circuit board housing 44. Terminal 41 includes positive and negative connectors that mate with cooperating positive and negative connectors of power supply unit 80, such as, for example, plug connectors, blade connectors, a coaxial connector, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the positive and negative connectors do not have a preferred orientation. The electrical power connector 42 is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32 using a press fit, an interference fit, a friction fit, a key, adhesive, etc.
The circuit board housing 44 includes an end cap 45 and a housing body 46 within which at least one circuit board 47 is mounted. In the depicted embodiment, two circuit boards 47 are mounted within the circuit board housing 44 in an orthogonal relationship. Circuit boards 47 generally include all of the supporting circuitry and electronic components necessary to sense and control the operation of the motor 50, manage and/or condition the power provided by the power supply unit 80, etc., including, for example, a controller or microcontroller, memory, a wireless receiver, etc. In one embodiment, the microcontroller is an Microchip 8-bit microcontroller, such as the PIC18F25K20, while the wireless receiver is a Micrel QwikRadio® receiver, such as the MICRF219. The microcontroller may be coupled to the wireless receiver using a local processor bus, a serial bus, a serial peripheral interface, etc. In another embodiment, the wireless receiver and microcontroller may be integrated into a single chip, such as, for example, the Zensys ZW0201 Z-Wave Single Chip, etc.
The antenna for the wireless receiver may be mounted to the circuit board or located, generally, inside the circuit board housing 44. Alternatively, the antenna may be located outside the circuit board housing 44, including, for example, the outer surface of the circuit board housing 44, the inner surface of the shade tube 32, the outer surface of the shade tube 32, the bearing housing 58, etc. In a further embodiment, at least a portion of the outer surface of the shade tube 32 may act as the antenna. The circuit board housing 44 may be mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32 using, for example, a press fit, an interference fit, a friction fit, a key, adhesive, etc.
In another embodiment, a wireless transmitter is also provided, and information relating to the status, performance, etc., of the motorized roller shade 20 may be transmitted periodically to a wireless diagnostic device, or, preferably, in response to a specific query from the wireless diagnostic device. In one embodiment, the wireless transmitter is a Micrel QwikRadio® transmitter, such as the MICRF102. A wireless transceiver, in which the wireless transmitter and receiver are combined into a single component, may also be included, and in one embodiment, the wireless transceiver is a Micrel Radio Wire® transceiver, such as the MICRF506. In another embodiment, the wireless transceiver and microcontroller may be integrated into a single module, such as, for example, the Zensys ZM3102 Z-Wave Module, etc. The functionality of the microcontroller, as it relates to the operation of the motorized roller shade 20, is discussed in more detail below.
In an alternative embodiment, the shade tube 32 includes one or more slots to facilitate the transmission of wireless signal energy to the wireless receiver, and from the wireless transmitter, if so equipped. For example, if the wireless signal is within the radio frequency (RF) band, the slot may be advantageously matched to the wavelength of the signal. For one RF embodiment, the slot is 1⁄8′′ wide and 21⁄2′′ long; other dimensions are also contemplated.
The DC motor 50 is electrically connected to the circuit board 47, and has an output shaft that is connected to the input shaft of the motor gear reducing assembly 52. The DC motor 50 may also be mechanically coupled to the circuit board housing body 46 using, for example, a press fit, an interference fit, a friction fit, a key, adhesive, mechanical fasteners, etc. In various embodiments of the present invention, DC motor 50 and motor gear reducing assembly 52 are provided as a single mechanical package, such as the DC gear motors manufactured by Buhler Motor Inc.
In one preferred embodiment, DC gear motor 55 includes a 24V DC motor and a two-stage planetary gear system with a 40:1 ratio, such as, for example, Buhler DC Gear Motor 1.61.077.423, and is supplied with an average battery voltage of 9.6 V.sub.avg provided by an eight D-cell battery stack. Other alternative embodiments are also contemplated by the present invention. However, this preferred embodiment offers particular advantages over many alternatives, including, for example, embodiments that include smaller average battery voltages, smaller battery sizes, 12V DC motors, three-stage planetary gear systems, etc.
For example, in this preferred embodiment, the 24V DC gear motor 55 draws a current of about 0.1 A when supplied with a battery voltage of 9.6 V.sub.avg. However, under the same torsional loading and output speed (e.g., 30 rpm), a 12V DC gear motor with a similar gear system, such as, e.g., Buhler DC Gear Motor 1.61.077.413, will draw a current of about 0.2 A when supplied with a battery voltage of 4.8 V.sub.avg. Assuming similar motor efficiencies, the 24V DC gear motor supplied with 9.6 V.sub.avg advantageously draws about 50% less current than the 12V DC gear motor supplied with 4.8 V.sub.avg while producing the same power output.
In one embodiment, the DC gear motor 55 includes a 24V DC motor and a two-stage planetary gear system with a 40:1 ratio, while the operating voltage is provided by a six cell battery stack. In another embodiment, the DC gear motor 55 includes a 24V DC motor and a two-stage planetary gear system with a 22:1 ratio, while the operating voltage is provided by a four cell battery stack; counterbalancing is also provided.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the rated voltage of the DC gear motor is much greater than the voltage produced by the batteries, by a factor of two or more, for example, causing the DC motor to operate at a reduced speed and torque rating, which advantageously eliminates undesirable higher frequency noise and draws lower current from the batteries, thereby improving battery life. In other words, applying a lower-than-rated voltage to the DC gear motor causes the motor to run at a lower-than-rated speed to produce quieter operation and longer battery life as compared to a DC gear motor running at its rated voltage, which draws similar amperage while producing lower run cycle times to produce equivalent mechanical power. In the embodiment described above, the 24V DC gear motor, running at lower voltages, enhances the cycle life of the battery operated roller shade by about 20% when compared to a 12V DC gear motor using the same battery capacity. Alkaline, zinc and lead acid batteries may provide better performance than lithium or nickel batteries, for example.
In another example, four D-cell batteries produce an average battery voltage of about 4.8 V.sub.avg, while eight D-cell batteries produce an average battery voltage of about 9.6 V.sub.avg. Clearly, embodiments that include an eight D-cell battery stack advantageously provide twice as much battery capacity than those embodiments that include a four D-cell battery stack. Of course, smaller battery sizes, such as, e.g., C-cell, AA-cell, etc., offer less capacity than D-cells.
In a further example, supplying a 12V DC gear motor with 9.6 V.sub.avg increases the motor operating speed, which requires a higher gear ratio in order to provide the same output speed as the 24V DC gear motor discussed above. In other words, assuming the same torsional loading, output speed (e.g., 30 rpm) and average battery voltage (9.6 V.sub.avg), the motor operating speed of the 24V DC gear motor will be about 50% of the motor operating speed of the 12V DC gear motor. The higher gear ratio typically requires an additional planetary gear stage, which reduces motor efficiency, increases generated noise, reduces backdrive performance and may require a more complex motor controller. Consequently, those embodiments that include a 24V DC gear motor supplied with 9.6 V.sub.avg offer higher efficiencies and less generated noise.
In one embodiment, the shaft 51 of DC motor 50 protrudes into the circuit board housing 44, and a multi-pole magnet 49 is attached to the end of the motor shaft 51. A magnetic encoder (not shown for clarity) is mounted on the circuit board 47 to sense the rotation of the multi-pole magnet 49, and outputs a pulse for each pole of the multi-pole magnet 49 that moves past the encoder. In a preferred embodiment, the multi-pole magnet 49 has eight poles and the gear reducing assembly 52 has a gear ratio of 30:1, so that the magnetic encoder outputs 240 pulses for each revolution of the shade tube 32. The controller advantageously counts these pulses to determine the operational and positional characteristics of the shade, curtain, etc. Other types of encoders may also be used, such as optical encoders, mechanical encoders, etc.
The number of pulses output by the encoder may be associated with a linear displacement of the shade 22 by a distance/pulse conversion factor or a pulse/distance conversion factor. In one embodiment, this conversion factor is constant regardless of the position of shade 22. For example, using the outer diameter d of the shade tube 32, e.g., 15/8 inches (1.625 inches), each rotation of the shade tube 32 moves the shade 22 a linear distance of .pi.*d, or about 5 inches. For the eight-pole magnet 49 and 30:1 gear reducing assembly 52 embodiment discussed above, the distance/pulse conversion factor is about 0.02 inches/pulse, while the pulse/distance conversion factor is about 48 pulses/inch. In another example, the outer diameter of the fully-wrapped shade 22 may be used in the calculation. When a length of shade 22 is wrapped on shade tube 32, such as 8 feet, the outer diameter of the wrapped shade 22 depends upon the thickness of the shade material. In certain embodiments, the outer diameter of the wrapped shade 22 may be as small as 1.8 inches or as large as 2.5 inches. For the latter case, the distance/pulse conversion factor is about 0.03 inches/pulse, while the pulse/distance conversion factor is about 30 pulses/inch. Of course, any diameter between these two extremes, i.e., the outer diameter of the shade tube 32 and the outer diameter of the wrapped shade 22, may be used. These approximations generate an error between the calculated linear displacement of the shade and the true linear displacement of the shade, so an average or intermediate diameter may preferably reduce the error. In another embodiment, the conversion factor may be a function of the position of the shade 22, so that the conversion factor depends upon the calculated linear displacement of the shade 22.
In various preferred embodiments discussed below, the position of the shade 22 is determined and controlled based on the number of pulses that have been detected from a known position of shade 22. While the open position is preferred, the closed position may also be used as the known position. In order to determine the full range of motion of shade 22, for example, the shade may be electrically moved to the open position, an accumulated pulse counter may be reset and the shade 22 may then be moved to the closed position, manually and/or electrically. The total number of accumulated pulses represents the limit of travel for the shade, and any desirable intermediate positions may be calculated based on this number.
For example, an 8 foot shade that moves from the open position to the closed position may generate 3840 pulses, and various intermediate positions of the shade 22 can be advantageously determined, such as, 25% open, 50% open, 75% open, etc. Quite simply, the number of pulses between the open position and the 75% open position would be 960, the number of pulses between the open position and the 50% open position would be 1920, and so on. Controlled movement between these predetermined positions is based on the accumulated pulse count. For example, at the 50% open position, this 8 foot shade would have an accumulated pulse count of 1920, and controlled movement to the 75% open position would require an increase in the accumulated pulse count to 2880. Accordingly, movement of the shade 22 is determined and controlled based on accumulating the number of pulses detected since the shade 22 was deployed in the known position. An average number of pulses/inch may be calculated based on the total number of pulses and the length of shade 22, and an approximate linear displacement of the shade 22 can be calculated based on the number of pulses accumulated over a given time period. In this example, the average number of pulses/inch is 40, so movement of the shade 22 about 2 inches would generate about 80 pulses. Positional errors are advantageously eliminated by resetting the accumulated pulse counter to zero whenever the shade 22 is moved to the known position.
A mount 54 supports the DC gear motor 55, and may be mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32. In one embodiment, the outer surface of the mount 54 and the inner surface of the shade tube 32 are smooth, and the mechanical coupling is a press fit, an interference fit, a friction fit, etc. In another embodiment, the outer surface of the mount 54 includes several raised longitudinal protrusions that mate with cooperating longitudinal recesses in the inner surface of the shade tube 32. In this embodiment, the mechanical coupling is keyed; a combination of these methods is also contemplated. If the frictional resistance is small enough, the motor/controller unit 40 may be removed from the shade tube 32 for inspection or repair; in other embodiments, the motor/controller unit 40 may be permanently secured within the shade tube 32 using adhesives, etc.
As described above, the circuit board housing 44 and the mount 54 may be mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32. Accordingly, at least three different embodiments are contemplated by the present invention. In one embodiment, the circuit board housing 44 and the mount 54 are both mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32. In another embodiment, only the circuit board housing 44 is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32. In a further embodiment, only the mount 54 is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32.
The output shaft of the DC gear motor 55 is fixed to the support shaft 60, either directly (not shown for clarity) or through an intermediate shaft 62. When the motorized roller shade 20 is installed, support shaft 60 is attached to a mounting bracket that prevents the support shaft 60 from rotating. Because (a) the output shaft of the DC gear motor 55 is coupled to the support shaft 60 which is fixed to the mounting bracket, and (b) the DC gear motor 55 is mechanically-coupled to the shade tube, operation of the DC gear motor 55 causes the DC gear motor 55 to rotate about the fixed output shaft, which causes the shade tube 32 to rotate about the fixed output shaft as well.
Bearing housing 58 includes one or more bearings 64 that are rotatably coupled to the support shaft 60. In a preferred embodiment, bearing housing 58 includes two rolling element bearings, such as, for example, spherical ball bearings; each outer race is attached to the bearing housing 58, while each inner race is attached to the support shaft 60. In a preferred embodiment, two ball bearings are spaced about 3⁄8′′ apart giving a total support land of about 0.8′′ or 20 mm; in an alternative embodiment, the intra-bearing spacing is about twice the diameter of support shaft 60. Other types of low-friction bearings are also contemplated by the present invention.
The motor/controller unit 40 may also include counterbalancing. In a preferred embodiment, motor/controller unit 40 includes a fixed perch 56 attached to intermediate shaft 62. In this embodiment, mount 54 functions as a rotating perch, and a counterbalance spring 63 (not shown in FIG. 5 for clarity; shown in FIG. 6) is attached to the rotating perch 54 and the fixed perch 56. The intermediate shaft 62 may be hexagonal in shape to facilitate mounting of the fixed perch 56. Preloading the counterbalance spring advantageously improves the performance of the motorized roller shade 20.
FIGS. 7A and 7B depict exploded, isometric views of a motor/controller unit 40 according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, housing 67 contains the major components of the motor/controller unit 40, including DC gear motor 55 (e.g., DC motor 50 and motor gear reducing assembly 52), one or more circuit boards 47 with the supporting circuitry and electronic components described above, and at least one bearing 64. The output shaft 53 of the DC gear motor 55 is fixedly-attached to the support shaft 60, while the inner race of bearing 64 is rotatably-attached support shaft 60. In one counterbalance embodiment, at least one power spring 65 is disposed within housing 67, and is rotatably-attached to support shaft 60. Housing 67 may be formed from two complementary sections, fixed or removably joined by one or more screws, rivets, etc.
FIGS. 7C, 7D and 7E depict isometric views of a motor/controller unit 40 according to another alternative embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, housing 68 contains the DC gear motor 55 (e.g., DC motor 50 and motor gear reducing assembly 52), one or more circuit boards 47 with the supporting circuitry and electronic components described above, while housing 69 includes at least one bearing 64. Housings 68 and 69 may be attachable to one another, either removably or permanently. The output shaft 53 of the DC gear motor 55 is fixedly-attached to the support shaft 60, while the inner race of bearing 64 is rotatably-attached support shaft 60. In one counterbalance embodiment, at least one power spring 65 is disposed within housing 69, and is rotatably-attached to support shaft 60. While the depicted embodiment includes two power springs 65, three (or more) power springs 65 may be used, depending on the counterbalance force required, the available space within shade tube 32, etc. Housings 68 and 69 may be formed from two complementary sections, fixed or removably joined by one or more screws, rivets, etc.
FIG. 8A depicts an exploded, isometric view of the power supply unit 80 depicted in FIGS. 4 and 5. Generally, the power supply unit 80 includes a battery tube 82, an outer end cap 86, and a inner end cap 84. The outer end cap 86 includes one or more bearings 90 that are rotatably coupled to a support shaft 88. In a preferred embodiment, outer end cap 86 includes two low-friction rolling element bearings, such as, for example, spherical ball bearings, separated by a spacer 91; each outer race is attached to the outer end cap 86, while each inner race is attached to the support shaft 88. Other types of low-friction bearings are also contemplated by the present invention. In one alternative embodiment, bearings 86 are simply bearing surfaces, preferably low-friction bearing surfaces, while in another alternative embodiment, support shaft 88 is fixedly attached to the outer end cap 86, and the external shade support bracket provides the bearing surface for the support shaft 88.
In the depicted embodiment, the outer end cap 86 is removable and the inner cap 84 is fixed. In other embodiments, the inner end cap 84 may be removable and the outer end cap 86 may be fixed, both end caps may be removable, etc. The removable end cap(s) may be threaded, slotted, etc.
The outer end cap 86 also includes a positive terminal that is coupled to the battery tube 82. The inner end cap 84 includes a positive terminal coupled to the battery tube 82, and a negative terminal coupled to a conduction spring 85. When a battery stack 92, including at least one battery, is installed in the battery tube 82, the positive terminal of the outer end cap 86 is electrically coupled to the positive terminal of one of the batteries in the battery stack 92, and the negative terminal of the inner end cap 84 is electrically coupled to the negative terminal of another one of the batteries in the battery stack 92. Of course, the positive and negative terminals may be reversed, so that the conduction spring 85 contacts the positive terminal of one of the batteries in the battery stack 92, etc.
The outer end cap 86 and the inner end cap 84 are mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32. In one embodiment, the outer surface of the mount 84 and the inner surface of the shade tube 32 are smooth, and the mechanical coupling is a press fit, an interference fit, a friction fit, etc. In another embodiment, the outer surface of the mount 84 includes several raised longitudinal protrusions that mate with cooperating longitudinal recesses in the inner surface of the shade tube 32. In this embodiment, the mechanical coupling is keyed; a combination of these methods is also contemplated. Importantly, the frictional resistance should be small enough such that the power supply unit 80 can be removed from the shade tube 32 for inspection, repair and battery replacement.
In a preferred embodiment, the battery stack 92 includes eight D-cell batteries connected in series to produce an average battery stack voltage of 9.6 V.sub.avg. Other battery sizes, as well as other DC power sources disposable within battery tube 82, are also contemplated by the present invention.
After the motor/controller unit 40 and power supply unit 80 are built up as subassemblies, final assembly of the motorized roller shade 20 is quite simple. The electrical connector 42 is fitted within the inner cavity of shade tube 32 to a predetermined location; power cables 43 has a length sufficient to permit the remaining sections of the motor/controller unit 40 to remain outside the shade tube 32 until the electrical connector 42 is properly seated. The remaining sections of the motor/controller unit 40 are then fitted within the inner cavity of shade tube 32, such that the bearing housing 58 is approximately flush with the end of the shade tube 32. The power supply unit 80 is then inserted into the opposite end until the positive and negative terminals of the inner end cap 84 engage the terminal 41 of the electrical connector 42. The outer end cap 86 should be approximately flush with end of the shade tube 32.
In the alternative embodiment depicted in FIG. 8B, the outer end cap 86 is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32 using a press fit, interference fit, an interference member, such as O-ring 89, etc., while the inner end cap 81 is not mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the shade tube 32.
In the alternative embodiment depicted in FIG. 8C, the shade tube 32 functions as the battery tube 82, and the battery stack 92 is simply inserted directly into shade tube 32 until one end of the battery stack 92 abuts the inner end cap 84. The positive terminal of the outer end cap 86 is coupled to the positive terminal of the inner end cap 84 using a wire, foil strip, trace, etc. Of course, the positive and negative terminals may be reversed, so that the respective negative terminals are coupled.
In a further alternative embodiment, the batteries may be mounted outside of the shade tube, and power may be provided to the components located within the shade tube using commutator or slip rings, induction techniques, and the like. Additionally, the external batteries may be replaced by any external source of DC power, such as, for example, an AC/DC power converter, a solar cell, etc.
FIGS. 9A and 9B depict exploded, isometric views of a power supply unit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, power supply unit 80 includes a housing 95 with one or more bearings 90 that are rotatably coupled to a support shaft 88, a power coupling 93 to receive power from an external power source, and positive and negative terminals to engage the electrical connector 42. Power cables 97 (shown in phantom for clarity) extend from the power coupling 93, through a hollow central portion of support shaft 88, to an external DC power source. In a preferred embodiment, housing 95 includes two low-friction rolling element bearings 90, such as, for example, spherical ball bearings; each outer race is attached to the housing 95, while each inner race is attached to the support shaft 88. Other types of low-friction bearings are also contemplated by the present invention. Housing 95 may be formed from two complementary sections, fixed or removably joined by one or more screws, rivets, etc.
In one embodiment, the support shafts 88 are slidingly-attached to the inner race of ball bearings 90 so that the support shafts 88 may be displaced along the rotational axis of the shade tube 32. This adjustability advantageously allows an installer to precisely attach the end of the support shafts 88 to the respective mounting bracket by adjusting the length of the exposed portion of the support shafts 88. In a preferred embodiment, outer end cap 86 and housing 95 may provide approximately 0.5′′ of longitudinal movement for the support shafts 88. Additionally, mounting brackets 5, 7, 15 and 17 are embossed so that the protruding portion of the mounting bracket will only contact the inner race of bearings 64 and 90 and will not rub against the edge of the shade or the shade tube 32 if the motorized roller shade 20 is installed incorrectly. In a preferred embodiment, the bearings may accommodate up to 0.125′′ of misalignment due to installation errors without a significant reduction in battery life.
In an alternative embodiment, the microcontroller receives control signals from a wired remote control. These control signals may be provided to the microcontroller in various ways, including, for example, over power cables 97, over additional signal lines that are accommodated by power coupling 93, over additional signal lines that are accommodated by a control signal coupling (not shown in FIGS. 9A,B for clarity), etc.
Further embodiments of the present invention are presented in FIGS. 10-34.
FIGS. 10 and 11 depict an alternative embodiment of the present invention without counterbalancing. FIG. 10 presents a front view of a motorized roller shade 120, while FIG. 11 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the motorized roller shade 120. In this embodiment, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 150 is attached directly to the support shaft 160, and an intermediate shaft is not included. Advantageously, the one or both of the mounting brackets may function as an antenna.
FIGS. 12 and 13 depict an alternative embodiment of the present invention with counterbalancing. FIG. 12 presents a front view of a motorized roller shade 220, while FIG. 13 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the motorized roller shade 220. In this embodiment, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 250 is attached to the intermediate shaft 262, and a counterbalance spring (not shown for clarity) couples rotating perch 254 to fixed perch 256.
FIGS. 14 and 15 depict an alternative embodiment of the present invention with counterbalancing; FIG. 14 presents a front view of a motorized roller shade 320, while FIG. 15 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the motorized roller shade 320. In this embodiment, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 350 is attached to the intermediate shaft 362. A power spring 390 couples the intermediate shaft 362 to the inner surface of the shade tube 332.
FIG. 16 presents an isometric view of a motorized roller shade 120, 220, 320, etc., in accordance with the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 10-15 and 17-34.
FIGS. 17 and 18 depict an embodiment of the present invention, with counterbalancing, that is substantially the same as the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 8A, 8B, and 8C, but reversed in orientation. FIG. 17 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 520, while FIG. 18 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 520 includes shade tube 532 with an optional slot 533 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor unit 570, a controller unit 575 and a power supply unit 580. Generally, the motor unit 570 includes a DC gear motor 555 with a DC motor 550 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 552, a mount or rotating perch 554 for the DC gear motor 555, and an end cap 558 housing one or more bearings 564, while the controller unit 575 includes an electrical power connector 542 and a circuit board housing 544; power supply unit 580 includes the battery stack and one or more bearings 590. The output shaft of the DC gear motor 555 is mechanically coupled to the fixed support shaft 560 through the intermediate support shaft 562, and a counterbalance spring 565 couples rotating perch 554 to fixed perch 556. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 555 remains stationary, while the housing of the DC gear motor 555 rotates with the shade tube 532. Bearings 564 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 560, while bearings 590 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 588.
FIGS. 19 and 20 depict an embodiment of the present invention, with counterbalancing, that is similar to the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG. 19 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 620, while FIG. 20 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 620 includes shade tube 632 with a slot 633 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor unit 670, a controller unit 675 and a power supply unit 680. Generally, the motor unit 670 includes a DC gear motor 655 with a DC motor 650 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 652, a mount or rotating perch 654 for the DC gear motor 655, and an end cap 658 housing one or more bearings 664, while the controller unit 675 includes a circuit board housing 644 and an end cap 686 housing bearings 690. The output shaft of the DC gear motor 655 is mechanically coupled to the fixed support shaft 660 through the intermediate support shaft 662, and a counterbalance spring 665 couples rotating perch 654 to fixed perch 656. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 655 remains stationary, while the housing of the DC gear motor 655 rotates with the shade tube 632. Bearings 664 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 660, while bearings 690 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 688.
FIGS. 21 and 22 depict an embodiment of the present invention with counterbalancing. FIG. 21 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 720, while FIG. 22 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 720 includes shade tube 732 with a slot 733 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor unit 770, a controller unit 775 and a power supply unit 780. Generally, the motor unit 770 includes a DC gear motor 755 with a DC motor 750 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 752, a mount 754 for the DC gear motor, and an end cap 758 housing one or more bearings 764, while the controller unit 775 includes a circuit board housing 744, one or more power springs 792 (three are depicted), and an end cap 786 housing one or more bearings 790. The power springs 792 are coupled to the fixed support shaft 788 and the inner surface of the shade tube 732, or, alternatively, the circuit board housing 744. The output shaft of the DC gear motor 755 is mechanically coupled to the fixed support shaft 760. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 755 remains stationary, while the housing of the DC gear motor 755, the controller unit 775 and the power supply unit 780 rotate with the shade tube 732. Bearings 764 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 760, while bearings 790 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 788.
FIGS. 23 and 24 depict an embodiment of the present invention, with counterbalancing, that is similar to the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG. 23 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 820, while FIG. 24 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 820 includes shade tube 832 with a slot 833 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor unit 870, a controller unit 875 and a power supply unit 880. Generally, the motor unit 870 includes a DC gear motor 855 with a DC motor 850 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 852, while the controller unit 875 includes a circuit board housing 844, a mount or rotating perch 854, and an end cap 858 housing one or more bearings 864; power supply unit 880 includes the battery stack and one or more bearings 890. The output shaft of the DC gear motor 855 is mechanically coupled to the fixed support shaft 860 through the intermediate support shaft 862, and a counterbalance spring 865 couples rotating perch 854 to fixed perch 856. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 855 remains stationary, while the housing of the DC gear motor 855 rotates with the shade tube 832. Bearings 864 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 860, while bearings 890 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 888.
FIGS. 25 and 26 depict one preferred embodiment of the present invention with counterbalancing. FIG. 25 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 920, while FIG. 26 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 920 includes shade tube 932 with a slot 933 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor unit 970, a controller unit 975 and a power supply unit 980. Generally, the motor unit 970 includes a DC gear motor 955 with a DC motor 950 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 952, a mount 954 for the DC gear motor, and an end cap 958 housing one or more bearings 964, while the controller unit 975 includes a circuit board housing 944. The power unit 980 includes the battery stack, one or more power springs 992 (three are depicted) and an end cap 986 housing one or more bearings 990. The power springs 992 are coupled to the fixed support shaft 988 and the inner surface of the shade tube 932 (as depicted), or, alternatively, to the battery stack. The output shaft of the DC gear motor 955 is mechanically coupled to the fixed support shaft 960. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 955 remains stationary, while the housing of the DC gear motor 955, the controller unit 975 and the power supply unit 980 rotate with the shade tube 932. Bearings 964 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 960, while bearings 990 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 988.
Alternative embodiments of the present invention are depicted in FIGS. 27-34. In contrast to the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 1-26, the output shaft of the DC gear motor is not mechanically coupled to the fixed support shaft. Instead, in these alternative embodiments, the output shaft of the DC gear motor is mechanically coupled to the shade tube, and the housing of the DC gear motor is mechanically coupled to one of the fixed support shafts, so that the housing of the DC gear motor remains stationary while the output shaft rotates with the shade tube.
FIGS. 27 and 28 depict an alternative embodiment of the present invention with counterbalancing. FIG. 27 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 1020, while FIG. 28 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 1020 includes shade tube 1032 with a slot 1033 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor/controller unit 1040, a counterbalancing unit 1074 and a power supply unit 1080. Generally, the motor/controller unit 1040 includes a DC gear motor 1055 with a DC motor 1050 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 1052, a circuit board housing 1044 and a torque transfer coupling 1072 attached to the output shaft of the DC gear motor 1055 and the shade tube 1032. The counterbalancing unit 1074 includes a rotating perch 1054 mechanically coupled to the shade tube 32, a fixed perch 1056 attached to the fixed support shaft 1060, and a counterbalance spring 1065 that couples the rotating perch 1054 to the fixed perch 1056. End cap 1058, housing one or more bearings 1064, and end cap 1086, housing one or more bearings 1090, are also attached to the shade tube 1032. The power supply unit 1080 includes the battery stack, and is attached to the fixed support shaft 1088. Importantly, the power supply unit 1080 is also attached to the motor/controller unit 1040. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 1055 rotates with the shade tube 1032, while both the motor/controller unit 1040 and power supply unit 1080 remain stationary. Bearings 1064 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 1060, while bearings 1090 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 1088.
FIGS. 29 and 30 depict an alternative embodiment of the present invention with counterbalancing. FIG. 29 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 1120, while FIG. 30 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 1120 includes a shade tube 1132 with a slot 1133 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor/controller unit 1140, and a power supply unit 1180. Generally, the motor/controller unit 1140 includes a DC gear motor 1155 with a DC motor 1150 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 1152, a circuit board housing 1144, a torque transfer coupling 1173 that is attached to the output shaft of the DC gear motor 1155 and the shade tube 1132, and that also functions as a rotating perch, a fixed perch 1156 attached to the DC gear motor 1155, and a counterbalance spring 1165 that couples the rotating perch/torque transfer coupling 1173 to the fixed perch 1156. End cap 1158, housing one or more bearings 1164, and end cap 1186, housing one or more bearings 1190, are also attached to the shade tube 1132. The power supply unit 1180 includes the battery stack, and is attached to the fixed support shaft 1188. Importantly, the power supply unit 1180 is also attached to the motor/controller unit 1140. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 1155 rotates with the shade tube 1132, while both the motor/controller unit 1140 and power supply unit 1180 remain stationary. Bearings 1164 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 1160, while bearings 1190 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 1188.
FIGS. 31 and 32 depict an alternative embodiment of the present invention with counterbalancing. FIG. 31 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 1220, while FIG. 32 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 1220 includes a shade tube 1232 with a slot 1233 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor/controller unit 1240, and a power supply unit 1280. Generally, the motor/controller unit 1240 includes a DC gear motor 1255 with a DC motor 1250 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 1252, a circuit board housing 1244 attached to the fixed support shaft 1260, a torque transfer coupling 1273 that is attached to the output shaft of the DC gear motor 1255 and the shade tube 1232, and that also functions as a rotating perch, a fixed perch 1256 attached to the DC gear motor 1255, and a counterbalance spring 1265 that couples the rotating perch/torque transfer coupling 1273 to the fixed perch 1256. End cap 1258, housing one or more bearings 1264, and end cap 1286, housing one or more bearings 1290, are also attached to the shade tube 1232. The power supply unit 1280 includes the battery stack, and is attached to the shade tube 1232; the fixed support shaft 1288 is free-floating. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 1255, as well as the power supply unit 1280, rotates with the shade tube 1232, while the motor/controller unit 1240 remains stationary. Bearings 1264 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 1260, while bearings 1290 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 1288.
FIGS. 33 and 34 depict an alternative embodiment of the present invention with counterbalancing. FIG. 33 presents a partially-exploded, isometric view of a motorized roller shade 1320, while FIG. 34 presents a sectional view along the longitudinal axis. Motorized roller shade 1320 includes a shade tube 1332 with a slot 1333 to facilitate wireless signal transmission, a motor/controller unit 1340, and a power supply unit 1380. Generally, the motor/controller unit 1340 includes a DC gear motor 1355 with a DC motor 1350 and an integral motor gear reducing assembly 1352, a circuit board housing 1344 attached to the fixed support shaft 1360, a torque transfer coupling 1373 that is attached to the output shaft of the DC gear motor 1355 and the shade tube 1332, and that also functions as a rotating perch, a fixed perch 1356 attached to the DC gear motor 1355, and a counterbalance spring 1365 that couples the rotating perch/torque transfer coupling 1373 to the fixed perch 1356. End cap 1358, housing one or more bearings 1364, and end cap 1386, housing one or more bearings 1390, are also attached to the shade tube 1332. The power supply unit 1380 includes the battery stack, and is attached to the fixed support shaft 1388; an additional bearing 1399 is also provided. Accordingly, during operation, the output shaft of the DC gear motor 1355 rotates with the shade tube 1332, while the motor/controller unit 1340 and the power supply unit 1380 remain stationary. Bearings 1364 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 1360, bearings 1390 are rotationally-coupled to support shaft 1388, while bearing 1399 supports the shaft-like end portion of the power supply unit 1380.
Additionally, by enclosing the various components of the motorized roller shade within the shade tube, the blind or shade material can be extended to the ends of the tube, which advantageously reduces the width of the gap between the edge of the shade and the vertical surface of the opening in which the motorized roller shade is installed. For example, this gap can be reduced from 1 inch or more to about 7/16 of an inch or less on each side of the shade. The gaps can be the same width as well, which increases the ascetic appeal of the motorized roller shade. Additional light-blocking coverings, such as vertical tracks, are therefore not necessary.
Control Methods
Motorized roller shade 20 may be controlled manually and/or remotely using a wireless or wired remote control. Generally, the microcontroller executes instructions stored in memory that sense and control the motion of DC gear motor 55, decode and execute commands received from the remote control, monitor the power supply voltage, etc. More than one remote control may be used with a single motorized roller shade 20, and a single remote control may be used with more than one motorized roller shade 20.
FIG. 35 presents a method 400 for controlling a motorized roller shade 20, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Generally, method 400 includes a manual control portion 410 and a remote control portion 420. In one embodiment, method 400 includes the manual control portion 410, in another embodiment, method 400 includes the remote control portion 420, and, in a preferred embodiment, method 400 includes both the manual control portion 410 and the remote control portion 420.
During the manual control portion 410 of method 400, a manual movement of the shade 22 is detected (412), a displacement associated with the manual movement is determined (414), and, if the displacement is less than a maximum displacement, the shade 22 is moved (416) to a different position by rotating the shade tube 32 using the DC gear motor 55.
In one embodiment, the microcontroller detects a manual downward movement of the shade 22 by monitoring a reed switch, while in an alternative embodiment, the microcontroller simply monitors the encoder. In a preferred embodiment, after the initial downward movement or tug is detected by the reed switch, the microcontroller begins to count the encoder pulses generated by the rotation of the shade tube 32 relative to the fixed motor shaft 51. When the encoder pulses cease, the downward movement has stopped, and the displacement of the shade 22 is determined and then compared to a maximum displacement. In one embodiment, the shade displacement is simply the total number of encoder pulses received by the microcontroller, and the maximum displacement is a predetermined number of encoder pulses. In another embodiment, the microcontroller converts the encoder pulses to a linear distance, and then compares the calculated linear distance to a maximum displacement, such as 2 inches.
In one example, the maximum number of encoder pulses is 80, which may represent approximately 2 inches of linear shade movement in certain embodiments. If the total number of encoder pulses received by the microcontroller is greater than or equal to 80, then the microcontroller does not energize the DC gear motor 55 and the shade 22 simply remains at the new position. On the other hand, if the total number of encoder pulses received by the microcontroller is less than 80, then the microcontroller moves the shade 22 to a different position by energizing the DC gear motor 55 to rotate the shade tube 32. After the microcontroller determines that the shade 22 has reached the different position, the DC gear motor 55 is de-energized.
In preferred embodiments, the microcontroller maintains the current position of the shade 22 by accumulating the number of encoder pulses since the shade 22 was deployed in the known position. As described above, the known (e.g., open) position has an accumulated pulse count of 0, and the various intermediate positions each have an associated accumulated pulse count, such as 960, 1920, etc. When the shade 22 moves in the downward direction, the microcontroller increments the accumulated pulse counter, and when the shade 22 moves in the upward direction, the microcontroller decrements the accumulated pulse counter. Each pulse received from the encoder increments or decrements the accumulated pulse counter by one count. Of course, the microcontroller may convert each pulse count to a linear distance, and perform these calculations in units of inches, millimeters, etc.
In a preferred embodiment, limited manual downward movement of the shade 22 causes the microcontroller to move the shade to a position located directly above the current position, such as 25% open, 50% open, 75% open, 100% open, etc. Each of these predetermined positions has an associated accumulated pulse count, and the microcontroller determines that the shade 22 has reached the different position by comparing the value in the accumulated pulse counter to the accumulated pulse count of the predetermined position; when the accumulated pulse counter equals the predetermined position accumulated pulse count, the shade 22 has reached the different position.
Other sets of predetermined positions are also contemplated by the present invention, such as 0% open, 50% open, 100% open; 0% open, 33% open, 66% open, 100% open; 0% open, 10% open, 20% open, 30% open, 40% open, 50% open, 60% open, 70% open, 80% open, 90% open, 100% open; etc. Advantageously, the accumulated pulse count associated with each position may be reprogrammed by the user to set one or more custom positions.
Manual upward movement of the shade 22 may be detected and measured using an encoder that senses direction as well as rotation, such as, for example, an incremental rotary encoder, a relative rotary encoder, a quadrature encoder, etc. In other embodiments, limited upward movement of the shade 22 causes the microcontroller to move the shade to a position located above the current position, etc.
During the remote control portion 420 of method 400, a command is received (422) from a remote control, and the shade 22 is moved (424) to a position associated with the command.
In preferred embodiments, the remote control is a wireless transmitter that has several shade position buttons that are associated with various commands to move the shade 22 to different positions. The buttons activate switches that may be electro-mechanical, such as, for example, momentary contact switches, etc, electrical, such as, for example, a touch pad, a touch screen, etc. Upon activation of one of these switches, the wireless transmitter sends a message to the motorized roller shade 20 that includes a transmitter identifier and a command associated with the activated button. In preferred embodiments, the remote control is pre-programmed such that each shade position button will command the shade to move to a predetermined position. Additionally, remote control functionality may be embodied within a computer program, and this program may be advantageously hosted on a wireless device, such as an iPhone. The wireless device may communicate directly with the motorized roller shade 20, or though an intermediate gateway, bridge, router, base station, etc.
In these preferred embodiments, the motorized roller shade 20 includes a wireless receiver that receives, decodes and sends the message to the microcontroller for further processing. The message may be stored within the wireless receiver and then sent to the microcontroller immediately after decoding, or the message may be sent to the microcontroller periodically, e.g., upon request by the microcontroller, etc. One preferred wireless protocol is the Z-Wave Protocol, although other wireless communication protocols are contemplated by the present invention.
After the message has been received by the microcontroller, the microcontroller interprets the command and sends an appropriate control signal to the DC gear motor 55 to move the shade in accordance with the command. As discussed above, the DC gear motor 55 and shade tube 32 rotate together, which either extends or retracts the shade 22. Additionally, the message may be validated prior to moving the shade, and the command may be used during programming to set a predetermined deployment of the shade.
For example, if the accumulated pulse counter is 3840 and the shade 22 is 0% open, receiving a 50% open command will cause the microcontroller to energize the DC gear motor 55 to move the shade 22 upwards to this commanded position. As the shade 22 is moving, the microcontroller decrements the accumulated pulse counter by one count every time a pulse is received from the encoder, and when the accumulated pulse counter reaches 1920, the microcontroller de-energizes the DC gear motor 55, which stops the shade 22 at the 50% open position. In one embodiment, if a different command is received while the shade 22 is moving, the microcontroller may stop the movement of the shade 22. For example, if the shade 22 is moving in an upward direction and a close (0% open) command is received, the microcontroller may de-energize the DC gear motor 55 to stop the movement of the shade 22. Similarly, if the shade 22 is moving in a downward direction and a 100% open command is received, the microcontroller may de-energize the DC gear motor 55 to stop the movement of the shade 22. Other permutations are also contemplated by the present invention, such as moving the shade 22 to the predetermined position associated with the second command, etc.
In a preferred embodiment, a command to move the shade to the 100% open position resets the accumulated pulse counter to 0, and the microcontroller de-energizes the DC gear motor 55 when the encoder pulses cease Importantly, an end-of-travel stop, such as bottom bar 28, stops 24 and 26, and the like, engage corresponding structure on the mounting brackets when the shade 22 has been retracted to the 100% open position. This physical engagement stops the rotation of the shade tube 32 and stalls the DC gear motor 55. The microcontroller senses that the encoder has stopped sending pulses, e.g., for one second, and de-energizes the DC gear motor 55. When the shade 22 is moving in the other direction, the microcontroller may check an end-of-travel pulse count in order to prevent the shade 22 from extending past a preset limit.
In other embodiments, the movement of the shade 22 may simply be determined using relative pulse counts. For example, if the current position of the shade 22 is 100% open, and a command to move the shade 22 to the 50% open position is received, the microcontroller may simply energize the DC gear motor 55 until a certain number of pulses have been received, by the microcontroller, from the encoder. In other words, the pulse count associated with predetermined position is relative to the predetermined position located directly above or below, rather than the known position.
For the preferred embodiment, programming a motorized roller shade 20 to accept commands from a particular remote control depicted in FIGS. 36 and 43, while programming or teaching the motorized roller shade 20 to deploy and retract the shade 22 to various preset or predetermined positions, such as open, closed, 25% open, 50% open, 75% open, etc., is depicted in FIGS. 38 to 42. Other programming methodologies are also contemplated by the present invention.
In other embodiments, a brake may be applied to the motorized roller shade 20 to stop the movement of the shade 22, as well as to prevent undesirable rotation or drift after the shade 22 has been moved to a new position. In one embodiment, the microcontroller connects the positive terminal of the DC gear motor 55 to the negative terminal of DC gear motor 55, using one or more electro-mechanical switches, power FETS, MOSFETS, etc., to apply the brake. In another embodiment, the positive and negative terminals of the DC gear motor 55 may be connected to ground, which may advantageously draw negligible current. In a negative ground system, the negative terminal of the DC gear motor 55 is already connected to ground, so the microcontroller only needs to connect the positive terminal of the DC gear motor 55 to ground. Conversely, in a positive ground system, the positive terminal of the DC gear motor 55 is already connected to ground, so the microcontroller only needs to connect the negative terminal of the DC gear motor 55 to ground.
Once the positive and negative terminals of the DC gear motor 55 are connected, as described above, any rotation of the shade tube 32 will cause the DC gear motor 55 to generate a voltage, or counter electromotive force, which is fed back into the DC gear motor 55 to produce a dynamic braking effect. Other braking mechanisms are also contemplated by the present invention, such as friction brakes, electro-mechanical brakes, electro-magnetic brakes, permanent-magnet single-face brakes, etc. The microcontroller releases the brake after a manual movement of the shade 22 is detected, as well as prior to energizing the DC gear motor 55 to move the shade 22.
In an alternative embodiment, after the shade 22 has been moved to the new position, the positive or negative terminal of the DC gear motor 55 is connected to ground to apply the maximum amount of braking force and bring the shade 22 to a complete stop. The microcontroller then connects the positive and negative terminals of the DC gear motor 55 together via a low-value resistor, using an additional MOSFET, for example, to apply a reduced amount of braking force to the shade 22, which prevents the shade 22 from drifting but allows the user to tug the shade 22 over long displacements without significant resistance. In this embodiment, the brake is not released after the manual movement of the shade is detected in order to provide a small amount of resistance during the manual movement.
One example of a motorized roller shade 20 according to various embodiments of the present invention is described hereafter. The shade tube 32 is an aluminum tube having an outer diameter of 1.750 inches and a wall thickness of 0.062 inches. Bearings 64 and 90 each include two steel ball bearings, 30 mm OD.times.10 mm ID.times.9 mm wide, that are spaced 0.250′′ apart. In other words, a total of four ball bearings, two at each end of the motorized roller shade 20, are provided.
The DC gear motor 55 is a Buhler DC gear motor 1.61.077.423, as discussed above. The battery tube 82 accommodates 6 to 8 D-cell alkaline batteries, and supplies voltages ranges from 6 V to 12 V, depending on the number of batteries, shelf life, cycles of the shade tube assembly, etc. The shade 22 is a flexible fabric that is 34 inches wide, 60 inches long, 0.030 inches thick and weighs 0.100 lbs/sq. ft, such as, for example, Phifer Q89 Wicker/Brownstone. An aluminum circularly-shaped curtain bar 28, having a diameter of 0.5 inches, is attached to the shade 22 to provide taughtness as well as an end-of-travel stop. The counterbalance spring 63 is a clock spring that provides 1.0 to 1.5 in-lb of counterbalance torque to the shade 22 after it has reached 58 inches of downward displacement. In this example, the current drawn by the Buhler DC gear motor ranges between 0.06 and 0.12 amps, depending on friction.
FIGS. 36 to 45 present operational flow charts illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention. The functionality illustrated therein is implemented, generally, as instructions executed by the microcontroller. FIG. 36 depicts a “Main Loop” 430 that includes a manual control operational flow path, a remote control operational flow path, and a combined operational flow path. Main Loop 430 exits to various subroutines, including subroutine “TugMove” 440 (FIG. 37), subroutine “Move25” 450 (FIG. 38), subroutine “Move50” 460 (FIG. 39), subroutine “Move75 470” (FIG. 40), subroutine “MoveUp” 480 (FIG. 41), and subroutine “MoveDown” 490 (FIG. 42), which return control to Main Loop 430. Subroutine “Power-Up” 405 (FIG. 43) is executed upon power up, and then exits to Main Loop 430. Subroutine “Hardstop” 415 (FIG. 44) is executed when a hard stop is, and then exits to Main Loop 430. Subroutine “Low Voltage” 425 (FIG. 45) is executed when in low voltage battery mode, and then exits to subroutine MoveUp 480.
FIG. 36 depicts the Main Loop 430. At step 3605, it is determined whether a message has been detected. If a message has not been detected, it is determined at step 3610 whether the tug timer has expired and, if not, the shade tube is monitored at step 3615. If the tug timer has expired, the dynamic brake is applied at step 3620. If a message is detected in step 3605, a determination is made in step 3625 as to whether a valid transmitter is stored in memory. If a valid transmitter is not stored in memory, step 3630 determines whether the transmitter program mode timer has expired and, if so, control is returned to step 3605. If the transmitter program mode timer has not expired, the signal is monitored for five seconds in step 3635 to determine at step 3640 whether the user has pressed new transmitter for more than five seconds. If the user has pressed new transmitter for more than five seconds, the transmitter is placed in permanent memory and the flag is set to “NewLearn” in step 3645. If the user has not pressed new transmitter for more than five seconds, control is returned to step 3605.
If it is determined in step 3625 that a valid transmitter is stored in memory, decode button code step 3650 begins. In step 3655, it is determined whether the “Up” button is detected; if so control flows to subroutine MoveUp 480, otherwise flow continues to step 3660, where it is determined whether the “Down” button is detected. If the Down button is detected, subroutine MoveDown 490 is invoked; otherwise, flow continues to step 3665, where it is determined if the “75%” button is detected, in which case subroutine Move75 470 begins. If the 75% button is not detected, it is determined in step 3670 if the “50%” button is detected. If so, subroutine Move50 460 is invoked and, if not, it is determined in step 3675 if the “25%” button is detected, in which case subroutine Move25 450 begins. If the “25%” button is not detected, flow continues to step 3615, as well as to step 3605 if in manual control.
In step 3680, it is determined whether the “LearnLimit,” Learn25,” “Learn50,” or “Learn75” flag is set and, if so, flow returns to step 3605 to monitor for messages. If not, it is determined in step 3685 whether a tug has occurred in the shade. If a tug has occurred, the dynamic brake is released at step 3690 and flow then continues on to subroutine TugMove 440 (FIG. 37); otherwise, flow continues to step 3605 to monitor for messages.
FIG. 37 depicts subroutine TugMove 440. In subroutine TugMove 440, position change is tracked in step 3705, and a determination is made in step 3710 if motion has stopped, in which case it is determined in step 3715 whether the tug timer has expired. If the tug timer has not expired, and if shade displacement is not greater than 2 inches, which is determined in step 3720, subroutine MoveUp 480 (FIG. 41) is executed; if, however, shade displacement is greater than two inches, the dynamic brake is applied in step 3735 and control is returned to MainLoop 430 (FIG. 36). If the tug timer has expired and if shade displacement is greater than two inches, determined in step 3725, the tug timer is started in step 3730, and then control is returned to MainLoop 430.
If the tug timer has expired and shade displacement is not greater than two inches, as determined in step 3725, a determination is made in step 3740 as to whether the shade is between the closed and 75% positions, in which case subroutine Move75 470 (FIG. 40) is executed. If the shade is not between the closed and 75% positions, a determination is made in step 3745 as to whether the shade is between the 75% and 50% positions, in which case subroutine Move50 460 (FIG. 39) is executed. If the shade is not between the 75% and 50% positions, a determination is made in step 3750 as to whether the shade is between the 50% and 25% positions, in which case subroutine Move25 450 (FIG. 38) is executed; otherwise subroutine MoveUp 480 (FIG. 41) is invoked.
FIG. 38 depicts subroutine Move25 450. If the “NewLearn” flag is determined to be set in step 3802, subroutine MoveUp 480 (FIG. 41) is executed. Otherwise, it is determined in step 3804 whether the shade is a the 25% limit and, if so, the five second push button timer begins in step 3806, after which it is determined in step 3808 if the 25% button has been pressed for five seconds or more; if the 25% button has not been pressed for five seconds or more, it is determined in step 3810 whether the 25% button is still being pressed and, if not, control returns to the MainLoop 430 (FIG. 36). If, however, the 25% button is still being pressed, flow loops back to step 3808 to again determine whether the 25% button has been pressed for five seconds or longer. When the 25% button has been pressed for five seconds or more, it is determined in step 3812 if the Learn25 flag is set and, if yes, the current position is set as the 25% position in step 3814. Then, in step 3816, the shade is moved to up hard stop and the counts are reset, the Learn25 flag is reset in step 3818, and control returns to the MainLoop 430.
If it is determined in step 3812 that the Learn25 flag is not set, in step 3820 the shade moves down two inches and returns, and it is determined, in step 3822, whether the user is still pressing the 25% button. When the user stops pressing the 25% button, a shade tug is monitored in step 3824 and, when received, step 3826 determines whether a valid transmission is detected. Once a valid transmission is detected, it is determined in step 3828 if a tug was detected and, if a tug is detected, flags Learn25, Learn50, Learn75, and LearnLimit are set in step 3830, and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If a tug is not detected in step 3828, however, control returns to the MainLoop 430.
Returning to step 3804, if it is determined in that step that the shade is not at the 25% limit, it is determined in step 3832 whether the Learn25 flag is set and, if it is, the five second timer begins in step 3806, as discussed above. If the Learn25 flag is not set, however, it is determined in step 3834 if the shade is higher than the 25% position. If the shade is higher than the 25% position, the shade is moved in the downward direction toward the 25% position in step 3836, and it is determined in step 3838 if the shade is moving; if the shade is not moving, control returns to the MainLoop 430. As the shade is moved downward toward the 25% position in step 3836, it is determined, in step 3842, whether the 25% Button is being pressed and, if yes, it is determined whether the shade is moving in step 3838, described above. If, however, the 25% Button is not being pressed, it is determined, in step 3844, if the Up button is being pressed, in which case, shade movement is stopped in step 3846 and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the Up button is not pressed, it is determined in step 3848 whether the Down, 50%, or 75% button is being pressed, in which case control returns to the MainLoop 430; otherwise, it is determined in step 3840 if the shade is still moving and, if so, the shade continues to move down and a determination is again made as to whether the 25% button is pressed, as described above for steps 3836 and 3842. If the shade is not moving, control returns to the MainLoop 430.
Referring again to step 3834, if it is determined that the shade position is not higher than 25%, the shade is moved in the upward direction toward the 25% position in step 3850. It is determined in step 3852 if the 25% Button is being pressed and, if yes, it is determined, in step 3854, whether the shade is moving. If the shade is moving, the determination of whether the 25% Button is being pressed continues in step 3852; if the shade is not moving, control returns to the MainLoop 430. If it is determined in step 3852 that the 25% Button is not being pressed, it is determined, in step 3856, if the Down button is pressed and, if it is, shade movement is stopped in step 3858 and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If, however, the Down button is not being pressed, it is determined, via step 3860, whether Up, 50%, or 75% buttons are being pressed; if so, control returns to the MainLoop 430, otherwise it is determined in step 3862 whether the shade is still moving and, if it is, the 25% button is monitored in steps 3850 and 3852 as described above. If the shade is not moving, control returns to the MainLoop 430.
FIG. 39 depicts subroutine Move50 460. If the NewLearn flag is set, as determined in step 3902, subroutine MoveUp 480 (FIG. 41) is invoked; otherwise it is determined in step 3904 whether the shade is at the 50% limit and, if it is not, step 3906 determines whether the Learn50 flag is set. If the Learn50 flag is not set, step 3908 determines whether the shade position is higher than 50% and, if not, the shade is moved in the upward direction toward the 50% position in step 3910. If the 50% button is being pressed, as determined in step 3912, and if the shade is moving, as determined in step 3914, movement of the shade in the upward direction continues. If the 50% button is being pressed, but the shade is not moving, as determined in step 3914, control returns to the MainLoop 430 (FIG. 36). If it is determined in step 3912 that the 50% button is not being pressed, it is determined in step 3916 whether the Down button is pressed and, if it is, shade movement is stopped in step 3918 and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the Down button is not pressed, however, it is determined in step 3920 whether the Up, 25%, or 75% buttons are pressed and, if so, control returns to the MainLoop 430 or, if not, step 3922 determines whether the shade is still moving and, if it is not, control returns to the MainLoop 430; if the shade is still moving, whether the 50% button is being pressed is monitored in steps 3910 and 3912 described above.
Returning to discussion of step 3908, if the shade position is higher than 50%, the shade is moved in the downward direction toward the 50% position in step 3924, and step 3926 monitors whether the 50% button is being pressed. If the 50% button is being pressed and if the shade is still moving, as determined in step 3928, the downward motion of the shade continues; if the shade is determined to not be moving in step 3928, however, control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the 50% button is not being pressed, it is determined in step 3930 if the Up button is pressed and, if it is, shade movement is stopped in step 3932 and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the Up button is not pressed, it is determined in step 3934 whether the Down, 25%, or 75% button is being pressed and, if yes, control returns to the MainLoop 430; otherwise, step 3936 determines if the shade is still moving. If the shade is still moving, the monitoring of the 50% button being pressed resumes at steps 3924 and 3926, otherwise control returns to the MainLoop 430.
Returning to step 3906, if the Learn50 flag is set, or if the shade is determined in step 3904 to be at the 50% limit, the five second push button timer begins in step 3940, and step 3942 monitors whether the 50% button has been pressed for five seconds or more. If the 50% button has not been pressed for five seconds or more, step 3944 determines whether the 50% button is still being pressed and, if so, step 3942 continues to monitor for whether the 50% button has been pressed for five seconds or more. If the 50% button has been pressed for five seconds or more, it is determined in step 3946 whether the Learn50 flag is set and, if it is set, the current position is set as the 50% position in step 3948, the shade is moved to the up hard stop and the counts are reset in step 3950, the Learn50 flag is reset in step 3952, and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If, however, the Learn50 flag is not set, as determined in step 3946, in step 3954 the shade moves down two inches and returns, and step 3956 monitors until the 50% button is no longer pressed, at which point step 3958 monitors for a shade tug. Step 3960 determines whether a valid transmission is detected and, if so, step 3962 determines if a tug was detected, in which case the Learn50 flag is set, the Learn25, Learn75 and LearnLimit flags are reset in step 3964, and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If a tug was not detected, however, control simply returns to the MainLoop 430 without performing step 3964.
FIG. 40 depicts subroutine Move75 470. If the NewLearn flag is set, as determined in step 4002, subroutine MoveUp 480 (FIG. 41) is invoked; otherwise it is determined in step 4004 whether the shade is at the 75% limit and, if it is not, step 4006 determines whether the Learn75 flag is set. If the Learn75 flag is not set, step 4008 determines whether the shade position is higher than 75% and, if not, the shade is moved in the upward direction toward the 75% position in step 4010. If the 75% button is being pressed, as determined in step 4012, and if the shade is moving, as determined in step 4014, movement of the shade in the upward direction continues. If the 75% button is being pressed, but the shade is not moving, as determined in step 4014, control returns to the MainLoop 430 (FIG. 36). If it is determined in step 4012 that the 75% button is not being pressed, it is determined in step 4016 whether the Down button is pressed and, if it is, shade movement is stopped in step 4018 and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the Down button is not pressed, however, it is determined in step 4020 whether the Up, 25%, or 50% buttons are pressed and, if so, control returns to the MainLoop 430 or, if not, step 4022 determines whether the shade is still moving and, if it is not, control returns to the MainLoop 430; if the shade is still moving, whether the 75% button is being pressed is monitored in steps 4010 and 4012 described above.
Referring again to step 4008, if the shade position is higher than 75%, the shade is moved in the downward direction toward the 75% position in step 4024, and step 4026 monitors whether the 75% button is being pressed. If the 75% button is being pressed and if the shade is still moving, as determined in step 4028, the downward motion of the shade continues; if the shade is determined to not be moving in step 4028, however, control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the 75% button is not being pressed, it is determined in step 4030 if the Up button is pressed and, if it is, shade movement is stopped in step 4032 and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the Up button is not pressed, it is determined in step 4034 whether the Down, 25%, or 50% button is being pressed and, if yes, control returns to the MainLoop 430; otherwise, step 4036 determines if the shade is still moving. If the shade is still moving, the monitoring of the 75% button being pressed resumes at steps 4024 and 4026, otherwise control returns to the MainLoop 430.
In step 4006, if the Learn75 flag is set, or if the shade is determined in step 4004 to be at the 75% limit, the five second push button timer begins in step 4040, and step 4042 monitors whether the 75% button has been pressed for five seconds or more. If the 75% button has not been pressed for five seconds or more, step 4044 determines whether the 75% button is still being pressed and, if so, step 4042 continues to monitor for whether the 75% button has been pressed for five seconds or more. If the 75% button has been pressed for five seconds or more, it is determined in step 4046 whether the Learn75 flag is set and, if it is set, the current position is set as the 75% position in step 4048, the shade is moved to the up hard stop and the counts are reset in step 4050, the Learn75 flag is reset in step 4052, and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If, however, the Learn75 flag is not set, as determined in step 4046, in step 4054 the shade moves down two inches and returns, and step 4056 monitors until the 75% button is no longer pressed, at which point step 3958 monitors for a shade tug. Step 4060 determines whether a valid transmission is detected and, if so, step 4062 determines if a tug was detected, in which case the Learn75 flag is set, the Learn25, Learn50 and LearnLimit flags are reset in step 4064, and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If a tug was not detected, however, control simply returns to the MainLoop 430 without performing step 4064.
FIG. 41 depicts subroutine MoveUp 480. It is determined whether the shade is at the Up limit in step 4102. If the shade is at the Up limit, it is determined in step 4104 if the NewLearn flag is set, in which case the shade is moved down two inches and the NewLearn flag is cleared in step 4106, after which the shade is moved to the Up limit in step 4110, which also clears the NewLearn flag. If the NewLearn flag is not set, it is determined in step 4108 if the LearnLimit, Learn25, Learn50, or Learn 75 flag is set, in which case control returns to the MainLoop 430. If none of the LearnLimit, Learn25, Learn50, or Learn 75 flags are set, the five second push button timer begins in step 4112. In step 4114, it is determined whether the Up button has been pressed for five seconds or more and, if not, step 4116 determines if the Up button is still being pressed; if not, control returns to the MainLoop 430; if so, step 4114 continues to monitor whether the Up button has been pressed for five seconds or more, after which the shade is moved to the 75% position in step 4118. A shade tug is monitored for in step 4120, and when a valid transmission is detected in step 4122, it is determined in step 4124 whether a tug was detected and, if not, control returns to the MainLoop 430; otherwise, it is determined in step 4126 whether the valid transmission was from the Up or Down button of a learned or unlearned transmitter, in which case the five second learn/delete timer begins in step 4128. In step 4130, it is determined whether the button has been pressed for five seconds or longer and, if not, step 4132 determines if the button is still being pressed; if not, control returns to the MainLoop 430, otherwise step 4130 continues to monitor whether the button has been pressed for five seconds or longer, at which point it is determined in step 4134 if the button pressed was the Up button and, if it was, the transmitter is placed in permanent memory in step 4136. If the button pressed was not the Up button, the transmitter is deleted from permanent memory in step 4138. After the transmitter is added to or deleted from permanent memory in step 4136 or 4138, respectively, the shade is moved to the Up limit and stopped in step 4140, and control returns to the MainLoop 430.
Referring again to step 4110, after the shade is moved to the Up limit and the NewLearn flag is cleared, it is determined in step 4142 whether the Up button is being pressed; if it is, a determination is made is step 4144 as to whether the shade is moving and, if it is, the shade continues to move to the Up limit and the NewLearn flag is cleared. If the Up button is not being pressed, however, it is determined in step 4146 whether the Down button is pressed and, if it is, shade movement is stopped in step 4148 and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the Down button is not being pressed, step 4150 determines whether the 25%, 50% or 75% button is being pressed and, if yes, control returns to the MainLoop 430; otherwise, it is determined in step 4152 if the shade is still moving, in which case the monitoring of the Up button being pressed continues in steps 4110 and 4142. If the shade is not still moving, however, control returns to the MainLoop 430.
FIG. 42 depicts subroutine MoveDown 490. If the NewLearn flag is determined in step 4202 to be set, subroutine MoveUp 480 (FIG. 41) is executed; otherwise, it is determined in step 4204 whether the shade is at the Down limit and, if it is not, and if the LearnLimit flag is not set, as determined in step 4206, the shade is moved to the Down limit in step 4208. If the LearnLimit flag is set, or if the shade is at the Down limit, the five second push timer begins, in step 4210. In step 4212, it is determined whether the Down button has been pressed for five or seconds or more and, if it has not, step 4214 determines if the Down button is still pressed. If the Down button is not still being pressed, control returns to the MainLoop 430 (FIG. 36); otherwise step 4212 monitors for whether the Down button has been pressed for five or seconds or more and, if so, step 4216 determines whether the LearnLimit flag is set; if the LearnLimit flag is set, the current position of the shade is set as the Down limit in step 4218, the shade is moved up to the hard stop and the counts are reset in step 4220, the LearnLimit flag is reset in step 4222, and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If it is determined in step 4216 that the LearnLimit flag is not set, the shade moves up two inches and return in step 4224, after which it is determined in step 4226 if the user is still pressing the Down button and, if not, a shade tug is monitored for in step 4228. In step 4230, it is determined whether a valid transmission is detected and, in step 4232, whether a tug was detected, in which case the LearnLimit flag is set and the Learn25, Learn50, and Learn75 flags are reset; otherwise control returns to the MainLoop 430.
Referring again to step 4208, in which the shade is moved down, it is determined in step 4236 whether the Down button is being pressed and, if it is, whether the shade is still moving in step 4238. If it is determined in step 4238 that the shade is not moving, control is returned to the MainLoop 430. If it is determined in step 4236 that the Down button is not being pressed, step 4240 determines whether the Up button is being pressed and, if it is, shade movement is stopped in step 4242 and control returns to the MainLoop 430. If the Up button is not being pressed, it is determined in step 4244 whether the 25%, 50% or 75% buttons are being pressed; if this is the case, control returns to the MainLoop 430, otherwise it is determined in step 4246 whether the shade is still moving and, if it is, the monitoring of the Down button continues in steps 4208 and 4236. If the shade is not still moving, control returns to the MainLoop 430.
FIG. 43 depicts subroutine Power-Up 405. In step 4305, transmitter program mode is opened. In step 4310, it is determined whether a valid transmitter is detected. When a valid transmitter is detected, it is determined in step 4315 whether the transmitter is stored in permanent memory; if not, it is determined in step 4320 if the transmitter program mode timer has expired, in which case step 4310 continues to monitor for a valid transmitter detection. If the transmitter program mode timer has not expired, however, the signal is measured for five seconds in step 4325 and it is determined in step 4330 whether the user pressed New Transmitter for more than five seconds. If New Transmitter has not been pressed for more than five seconds, a valid transmitter detection is monitored for in step 4310; otherwise the transmitter is placed in permanent memory in step 4335 and it is determined in step 4340 if the shade has moved to the Hard Stop, in which case the shade is moved to the Down limit in step 4345 and control continues to the MainLoop 430. If the shade has not moved to the Hard Stop, the shade is moved up to find the Hard Stop in step 4350 and, if the shade traveled up less than two inches, as determined in step 4355, the shade is moved down two inches and returns, as shown in step 4360, after which the dynamic brake is applied in step 4365. If the shade did not travel up less than two inches, i.e., if the shade traveled up two inches or more, the dynamic brake is applied in step 4365 without moving the shade down two inches and returning it, as is done in step 4360.
FIG. 44 depicts subroutine Hardstop 415. In step 4402, the shade stops moving and, in step 4404, it is determined whether a hardstop has been requested; if not, control returns to MainLoop 430 (FIG. 36), otherwise it is determined in step 4406 if the LearnLimit flag is set. If the LearnLimit flag is not set, it is determined in step 4408 if the Learn25 flag is set, in which case the new 25% setpoint is stored in step 4410; otherwise, it is determined, in step 4412 if the Learn50 flag is set, in which case the new 50% setpoint is stored in step 4414; otherwise it is determined, in step 4416 if the Learn75 flag is set, in which case the new 75% setpoint is stored in step 4418. If none of the LearnLimit, Learn25, Learn50, or Learn75 flags are set, or after the new 25%, 50%, or 75% setpoint is stored in steps 4410, 4414, or 4418, respectively, the LearnLimit, Learn25, Learn50, and Learn75 flags are cleared, as applicable, in step 4420.
If it is determined in step 4406 that the LearnLimit flag is set, a new lower limit is stored in step 4425, after which it is determined in step 4430 whether a 25% setpoint has been learned; if not, a new 25% setpoint is calculated in step 4432, and it is thereafter determined, in step 4434, if a 50% setpoint has been learned. If a 50% setpoint has not been learned, a new 50% setpoint is calculated in step 4436, and it is then determined in step 4438 if a 75% setpoint has been learned. If a 75% setpoint has not been learned, a new 75% setpoint is calculated in step 4440, and flow continues to step 4420, where the LearnLimit, Learn25, Learn50, and/or Learn75 flags are cleared, as described above. After the applicable flags are cleared in step 4420, it is determined in step 4450 whether the shade is drifting down due to heavy fabric, for example, in which case the shade is driven to the top in step 4455. In step 4460, it is determined whether the shade has stopped moving for one second, in which control returns to the MainLoop 430; otherwise it is again determined whether the shade is drifting down in step 4450.
FIG. 45 depicts subroutine LowVoltage 425, in which it is determined, in step 4502, if the shade is in Low Battery Voltage Mode; if not, it is determined in step 4504 if the shade is one revolution plus 50 ticks from the top, in which case the timer is started in step 4506. When it is determined, in step 4508, that the shade is 50 ticks from the top, the timer is stopped in step 4510, and it is determined, in step 4512, whether the time is faster than any one of the times stored in permanent memory. If the time is faster than any one of the times stored in memory, the time is stored in permanent memory, the time is stored in step 4514; thereafter, or otherwise, it is determined in step 4516 if the time is slower than twice the average of all times stored in permanent memory and, if not, the count of consecutive slow cycles is cleared in step 4518, brownout detection is disabled in step 4520, and control returns to subroutine MoveUp 480 (FIG. 41). If the time is slower than twice the average of all times stored in permanent memory, however, brownout detection is enabled in step 4522, and it is determined, in step 4524, if this was the tenth consecutive slow cycle; if not, the count of consecutive slow cycles is incremented in step 4526 and control returns to subroutine MoveUp 480. In contrast, if this was the tenth consecutive slow cycle, Low Voltage Batter Mode 4528 is invoked. Similarly, Low Voltage Batter Mode 4528 is invoked based on the determination described above for step 4502.
In step 4530, it is determined, for Low Voltage Battery Mode, if the shade is at the top, e.g., is at zero (0) percent. If not, the shade is moved to the top in step 4532; otherwise, it is determined in step 4534 whether the 25%, 50%, 75%, or Down button has been pressed, in which case the shade is jogged down one-half (A) rotation in step 4536, and is then moved to the top in step 4532.
The many features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the detailed specification, and, thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of the invention which fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and variations will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and, accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to that fall within the scope of the invention.

## Claims

1. A system for operating a roller shade comprising:
a roller tube;
a shade operably connected to the roller tube;
a DC motor;
the DC motor having a rated voltage;
the DC motor operatively connected to the roller tube and configured to rotate the roller;
a DC power source;
the DC power source operatively connected to the DC motor and configured to provide DC power to the DC motor at an average voltage;
wherein a maximum average voltage the DC power source can supply the DC motor is less than half the rated voltage of the DC motor;
a counterbalance assembly;
the counterbalance assembly operatively connected to the roller tube and configured to provide a counterbalance force to the roller tube.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the connection between the DC motor and the roller tube includes a gear system.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the gear system has between about a 40:1 and a 20:1 gear ratio.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the gear system includes a multistage planetary gear system.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the maximum average voltage is about 9.6 volts and the rated voltage of the DC motor is about 24 volts.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the maximum average voltage is about 4.8 volts and the rated voltage of the DC motor is about 24 volts.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the maximum average voltage is 4.8 volts and the rated voltage of the DC motor is about 12 volts.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the maximum average voltage is between about 40% and about 20% of the rated voltage of the DC motor.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the counterbalance assembly includes at least one spring.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the counterbalance assembly includes a rotating perch and a stationary perch.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the counterbalance assembly includes one or more springs, wherein a first end of the one or more springs rotates with the roller tube, whereas a second end of the one or more springs remains stationary as the roller tube rotates.

12. The system of claim 1 wherein the DC motor is positioned within a first end of the roller tube, and the counterbalance assembly is positioned within a second end of the roller tube.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the DC power source is located within the roller tube.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the DC motor rotates with the roller tube.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the roller is configured to rotate under either of the two following circumstances: the DC power source provides power to the DC motor, and the shade is manually moved.

16. A method of operating a roller shade comprising:
providing a DC motor having a rated voltage;
supplying DC power to the DC motor wherein the supplied power is, on average, a voltage of less than half of a rated voltage of the DC motor;
rotating at least one gear in a set of gears;
rotating a roller tube operably connected to a shade when at least one of either the motor operates and the shade is manually moved;
providing a counterbalance assembly operably connected to the roller tube and configured to provide a counterbalance force to the roller tube;
wherein the set of gears is part of a mechanical connection between the DC motor and the roller tube;
wherein the roller tube rotates fewer times than revolutions of an output shaft of the motor.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the maximum average voltage is about 9.6 volts and the rated voltage of the DC motor about 24 volts.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the maximum average voltage is about 4.8 volts and the rated voltage of the DC motor is about 24 volts to 12 volts.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the output shaft of the motor rotates about 40 times to 20 times for each rotation of the tube.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein the DC power is supplied by a DC power source positioned within the roller tube.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein the DC motor rotates with the roller tube.

22. The method of claim 16, wherein a gear system operatively connects an output of the DC motor to the roller tube, wherein the gear system has a sufficiently low enough gear ratio to allow manual movement of the shade without breaking the gear system.

23. The method of claim 16, wherein the set of gears has between about a 40:1 to a 20:1 gear ratio.

24. The method of claim 16, wherein a DC power source that supplies the DC power to the DC motor has a maximum average voltage that is between about 40% and about 20% of the rated voltage of the DC motor.

25. The method of claim 16, wherein the counterbalance assembly includes at least one spring.

26. The method of claim 16, wherein the counterbalance assembly includes one or more springs, wherein a first end of the one or more springs rotates with the roller tube, whereas a second end of the one or more springs remains stationary as the roller tube rotates.

27. The method of claim 16 wherein the DC motor is positioned within a first end of the roller tube, and the counterbalance assembly is positioned within a second end of the roller tube.

28. A method of configuring a roller shade, comprising;
operably attaching a shade to a roller tube;
operatively connecting a DC motor having a rated voltage to the roller tube such that the motor rotates the roller tube;
operatively connecting a counterbalance assembly to the roller tube;
providing a counterbalance force to the roller tube by the counterbalance assembly;
providing DC power from a DC power source to the motor at a maximum average voltage;
wherein the maximum average voltage the DC power source supplies the DC motor is less than half the rated voltage of the DC motor.

29. A window shade comprising:
a DC motor having a rated voltage;
a shade operatively connected to the DC motor;
a power source operatively connected to the DC motor;
a counterbalance assembly operably connected to the shade;
the counterbalance assembly configured to provide a counterbalance force to the shade;
wherein the power source has a maximum average voltage;
wherein the maximum average voltage of the power source is less than half of the rated voltage of the DC motor;
wherein when power is supplied from the power source to the DC motor the DC motor performs at least one of either opening and closing the shade.

30. A window shade comprising:
a DC motor having a rated voltage;
a shade operatively connected to the DC motor;
a power source operatively connected to the DC motor;
a counterbalance assembly operably connected to the shade;
the counterbalance assembly configured to provide a counterbalance force to the shade;
wherein the power source has a maximum average voltage,
wherein the DC motor has a rated voltage of 12 volts to 24 volts,
wherein the power source is formed of four to eight batteries,
wherein the maximum average voltage of the power source is less than half of the rated voltage of the DC motor, and
wherein when power is supplied from the power source to the DC motor, the DC motor either opens or closes the shade.