### 1

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** 1) Petition of Natural Resources Defense Council to Revoke All Tolerances and Cancel All Registrations for the Pesticide 2,4 - D (November 6, 2008). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0002 2) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Memorandum from Elizabeth Resek to Jim Downing, “Transmittal of Meeting Minutes of the FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting Held on March 25 - 26, 2008 to review and consider the Endocrine Disrupter Screening Program (EDSP) Proposed Tier 1 Screening Battery.” (June 11, 2008). http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/me etings/2008/march/minutes2008 - 03 - 25.pdf 3) Marino, T.; Coady, K.; Sosinski, L.; et al. (2010) 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: A Fish Short- Term Reproduction Assay Using the Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas. Project Number: 101026. Unpublished study prepared by Dow Chemical, USA. 155 p. MRID 48317001. Study

4) Coady, K.; Marino, T.; Thomas, J. (2010) 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: The Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay Using the South African Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis. Project Number: 101025. Unpublished study prepared by Dow Chemical, USA. 152 p. MRID 48317002. Study

5) Schi sler, M.; LeBaron, M.; Visconti, N. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program): Evaluation of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4 - D) in an in vitro Androgen Receptor Binding Assay. Project Number: 111111/OCR. Unpublished study prepared by Exponent, Inc . and The Dow Chemical Co. 91p. MRID 48614301. Study

6) Coady, K.; Sosinski, L. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program): 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: Evaluation of 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid in the Human Recombinant Aromatase Assay. Project Number: 111036/OCR 31868 P803. Unpublished study prepared by Exponent, Inc. and The Dow Chemical Co. 98p. MRID 48614302. Study

7) LeBaron, M.; Schisler, M.; Visconti, N. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program): 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: Evaluation of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4 - D) in an in vitro Estrogen Receptor Binding Assay. Project Number: 111121/OCR. Unpublished study prepared by The Study

### 2

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** Dow Chemical Co., and Exponent, Inc. 91p. MRID 48614303. 8) LeBaron, M.; Kan, H. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program): Evaluation of 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid (2,4 - D) in an in vitro Estrogen Receptor Transcriptional Activation Assay in Human Cell Line HELA- 9903. Project Number: 111043/OCR. Unpublished study prepared by Exponent, Inc., and The Dow Chemical Co. 109p.MRID 48614304. Study

9) LeBaron, M.; Kan, H.; Perala, A. (2011) (Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program): Evaluation of 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4 - D) in the in vitro Steroidogenesis Assay. Project Number: 111038/OCR. Unpublished study prepared by Exponent, Inc., and The Dow Chemical Co. 78p. MRID 48614305. Study

10) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from Greg Ackerman to Katie Weyrauch, “ 2, 4 - Dichloroph enoxyacetic Acid (2,4 - D)

- Report of the Endocrine Disruptor Review Team - Test Order #: EDSP

– 031001 - 120” (December 20, 2010). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 11) EPA, A User’s Guide to Available EPA Information on Assessing Exposure to Pesticides in Food (June 21, 2000). http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPAPE ST/2000/July/Day- 12/6061.pdf 12) Office of Pesticide Programs, EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs’ Policy on the Determination of the Appropriate FQPA Safety Factor(s) for Use in the Tolerance Setting Process (February 28, 2002). http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/trac/ science/determ.pdf 13) Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Memorandum from Stephen L. Johnson to Douglas D. Campt , “Transmittal of Final FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel Reports on the June 25, 1987 meeting” (July 8, 1987). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 14) EPA, Scientific Advisory Panel Open Meeting (June 25, 1987). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 15) EPA, An SAB Report: Assessment of Potential 2,4 - D Carcinogenicity. Review of the Epidemiological and Other Data on Potential Carcinogenicity of 2,4 - D by the SAB/SAP Joint Committee. (March 22, 1994). Available in do cket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 16) EPA, Carcinogenicity Peer Review (4 th) of 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 - D). (January 29, 1997). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov

### 3

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** 17) EPA, Agency Review of Task Force II Study Submission: MRID 44284501 and MRID 44284502. (March 16, 1999). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 18) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Reregistration Eligibility Decision for 2,4 - D (June 2005). http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/RED s/24d_red.pdf 19) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Memorandum from Timothy C. Dole to Katie Hall, “2,4 - D. HED's Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Revised to Reflect Public Comments. PC Code 030001; DP Barcode D316597” (May 12, 2005). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2004 - 0167 - 0219 20) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from Alexandra LaMay to Michael Walsh, “Petition for the Establishment of a New Formulation of 2,4 - D Choline on Herbicide Tolerant Field Corn Containing the Aryloxyalkanoate Dioxygenase - 1 (ADD - 1) Gene . (October 27, 2011). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 21) Of fice of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from Alexandra LaMay to Michael Walsh, “ 2,4 - D: Amended Petition for the Establishment of a New Formulation of 2,4 - D Choline on Herbicide Tolerant Field Corn Containing the Aryloxyalkanoate Dioxygenase - 1 (ADD - 1) Gene .” (February 22, 2012). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov

22) NRDC, “Supplement To The Natural Resources Defense Council Petition To Revoke All Tolerances And Cancel All Registrations For The Pesticide 2,4 D” (February 23, 2009). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0305 23) Boston Women’s Health Book Collective, et al., Objections to the establishment of a tolerance for pesticide chemical residues of 2,4 - D. OPP 301219. (May 7, 2 002). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 24) Beyond Pesticides, NRDC, et. al. comments on RED 2004. At regulations.gov EPA- HQ - OPP - 2004 - 0167 - 0072 (August 23, 2004). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2004 - 0167 - 0072 25) Agricultural Retailers Association et al. Docket ID number EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877. Available at regulations.gov EPA- HQ - OPP - 2008 - 0877 - 0104. http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D =EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0104

### 4

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** 26) Industry Task Force II on 2,4 - D Research Data, “Comments on The Natural Resource Defense Council’s Petition to Revoke All Tolerances and Cancel All Registrations for the Pesticide 2,4 - D” (February 23, 2009). http://www.regulatio ns.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0350 27) National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc., “Re: Docket # EPAHQ - OPP - 2008 - 0877 (February 20, 2009). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0286 28) Beyond Pesticides, “Re: Petition to Revoke all Tolerances and Cancel all Registrations for the Pesticide 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4 - D); Docket Number: EPA- OPP - 2008 - 0877” (February 23, 2009). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0306 29) New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, New York State Department of Health, “RE: EPA- HQ - OPP - 2008 - 0877” (February 23, 2009). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0323 30) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution P revention, EPA, Memorandum from Linda Taylor, Nancy McCarroll, and Khin Swe Oo to Joel Wolf, “2,4 - D: Evaluation of Data Identified in NRDC Petition and Associated Documents” (March 27, 2012). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0450 31) Risk Assessment Branch VII, Health Effects Division (7509P), EPA, 2,4 - D: Review of Extended 1 - Generation Reproduction Study and Dose - Range Finding and Pharmacokinetic Titration Studies. D376556. MRID 47972101, 47417901, 47417902. (November 30, 2010). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 32) Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, EPA, Memorandum from Linda Taylor to Katie Weyrauch, “2,4 - D: Revise d Executive Summary of the Data Evaluation record of the Extended 1 - Generation Reproduction Study” (June 1, 2011). Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov 33) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines, OPPTS 870.3800: Reproduction and Fertility Effects (August 1998). http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/SuppD ocs/FedDocs/EPA/EPA_870_3800. pdf 34) Xie, L.; Thrippleton, K.; Irwin, M.A., et al. Evaluation of estrogenic activities of aquatic herbicides and surfactants using a rainbow trout vitellogenin assay. Toxicological Sciences 87(2):391 - 398, 2005. Copyrighted

### 5

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** 35) Rawlings, N.C.; Cook, S.J.; Waldbillig, D. Effects of the pesticides carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, lindande, triallate, trifluralin, 2,4 - D, and pentachlorphenol on the metabolic endocrine and reproductive endocrine system in ewes. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 54:21 - 36, 1998. Copyrighted

36) Charles, J.M.; Cunny, H.C.; Wilson, R.D.; Bus, J.S. Comparative subchronic studies on 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, amine, and ester in rats. Fundamental &Applied Toxicology 33:161 - 165, 1996. Copyrighted 37) Liu, R.C.; Hahn; Hurtt, M.E. The direct effect of hepatic peroxisome proliferators on rat leydig cell function in vitro. Fundamental & Applied Toxicology 30:102 - 108, 1996. Copyrighted 38) Kim, H.J.; Park, Y.I.; Dong, M.S. Effectos of 2,4 - D and DCP on the DHT induced androgenic action in human prostate cancer cells. Toxocological Sciences 88(I); 52 - 59, 2005. Copyrighted 39) Kim, H.J.; Kim, W.D,, et al. Mechanism of phenoxy compounds as an endocrine disruptor. Journal of Toxicology Public Health 18:331 - 339, 2002. Copyrighted 40) Duffard, R.; Bortolozzi, Ferri A.; Garcia, G., Evangelista de Duffard A.M. Developmental neurotoxicity of the herbicide 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Neurotoxicology 16(4):764, 1995. Copyrighted 41) Lerda, D.; Rixxi, R. Study of reproductive function in persons occupationally exposed to 2 - 4 - D. Mutation Research 262:47 - 50, 19 91. Copyrighted 42) Garry, V.F.; Schreinemachers, D.; Harkins, M.E., et al. Pesticide appliers, biocides and birth defects in rural Minnesota. Environmental Health Perspectives 104:394 - 399,1996. Copyrighted 43) Garry, V.F.; Hawkins, M.E.; Erickson, L.L.; Long - Simpson, L.K.; Holland, S.E.; Burroughs, B.L. Birth defects, season of conception, and sex of children born to pesticide applicators living in the Red River Valley of Minnesota, USA. Environmental Health Perspectives . 2002 June; 110(Suppl 3): 441

–449. Copy righted

44) Garry, V.F.; Tarone, R.E.; Kirsch, I.R.; Abdallah, J.M.; Lombardi, D.P.; Long, L.K.; Burroughs, B.L.; Barr, D.B.; and Kesner, J.S. Biomarker Correlations of Copyrighted

### 6

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** Urinary 2,4 - D Levels in Foresters: Genomic Instability and Endocrine Disruption. Environmental Health Perspectives V109/No. 5 pp. 495 - 500 (May 2001). 45) Malysheva, L.N.; and Zhavoronkov, A.A. (1997). Morphological and histochemical changes in the thyroid gland after a single exposure to 2,4 - DA herbicide. Bulletin ofExperimental Biology and Medicine 124 (12),676 - 677. Copyrighted 46) Ton, C.; Lin,Y.; Willett, C. Zebrafish as a model for development neurotoxicity testing, Birth Defects Research (Part A) 76:553 - 567, 2006. http://phylonix.com/BDRA - Ton.pdf . Copyrighted http:/ /phylonix.com/BDRA - Ton.pdf 47) Evangelista de Duffard, A.M; Bortolozzi, A.; Duffard, R.O. Altered behavioral responses in 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid treated and amphetamine challenged rats. Neurotoxicology 16(3):479 -488, 1995. Copyrighted 48) Bortolozzi, A.; Evanglista de Duffard, A.M.; Dajas, F.; Duffard, R. Silveira, R. Intracerebral administration of 2,4 - diclorophenoxyacetic acid induces behavioral and neurochemical alterations in the rat brain. Neurotoxicology 2001 April 22 (2):221 - 32. Copyrighted

49) Rosso, S.B.; Garcia, G.B.; Madariaga, M.J.; Evangelisa de Duffard, A.M.; Duffard, R.O, 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in developing rats alters behaviour, myelination and regions brain gangliosides pattern, Neurotoxicology 2000 Feb - Apr; 21(1 - 2):155 - 63. Copyrighted

50) Duffard, R.; Garcia, G.; Rosso, S.; Bortolozzi, A.; Madariaga, M.; di Paolo, O.; Evangelista De Duffard, A.M. Central nervous system myelin deficit in rats exposed 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid throughout lactation, Neurotoxicolgy and Teratology 199 6 Nov- Dec; 18(6):691 - 6. Copyrighted

51) Konjuh, C.; Garcia, G.; Lopez, L.; De Duffard, A.M.; Brusco, A.; Duffard, R. Neonatal hypomyelination by the herbicide 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Chemical and ultrastructural studies in rats. Toxicological Sciences 104(2):332 - 40, 2008. Copyrighted

52) EPA, Guidelines for Mutagenicity Risk Assessment (1986). http://www.epa.gov/raf/publication s/pdfs/MUTAGEN2.PDF

### 7

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** 53) Dearfield et al. (1991), Considerations in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s testing approach for mutagenicity, Mutation Research , 258: 259 - 283. Copyrighted 54) EPA, Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (2005). http://www.epa.gov/raf/publication s/pdfs/CANCER_GUIDELINES_F INAL_3 - 25 - 05.PDF 55) McGregor et al., (2000), Strategies and testing methods for identifying mutagenic risks, Mutation Research 455: 3 - 20. Copyrighted 56) Dearfield, K.; Cimino, M.; McCarroll, N.; Mauer, I.; Valcovic, L., 2002. Genotoxicity risk assessment: a proposed classification strategy. Mutation Research , 521(2002): 121 - 135. Copyrighted 57) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines, OPPTS 870.5100, Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (August 1998). http://www.epa.gov/ocspp/pubs/frs /publications/Test_Guidelines/serie s870.htm 58) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines, OPPTS 870.5300 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test (August 1998). http://www.epa.gov/ocspp/pubs/frs /publications/Test_Guidelines/serie s870.htm 59) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines, OPPTS 870.5375, In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test (August 1998). http://www.epa.gov/ocspp/pubs/frs /publications/Test_Guidelines/serie s870.htm 60) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines, OPPTS 870. 5385 Mammalian Bone Marrow Chromosome Aberration Test (August 1998). http://www.epa.gov/ocspp/pubs/frs /publications/Test_Guidelines/serie s870.htm 61) Office of Prevention, Pestic ides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Health Effects Test Guidelines, OPPTS 870.5395 Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test (August 1998). http://www.epa.gov/ocspp/pubs/frs /publications/Test_Guidelines/serie s870.htm 62) Thybaud et al., (2011), Strategies in case o f positive in vivo results in genotoxicity testing strategies in vivo. Mutation Research 723: 121 - 128. Copyrighted 63) Madrigal - Bujaidar, E.; Hernandez - Ceruelos, A.; Chamorro, G. Induction of sister chromatid exchanges by 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in somatic and germ cells of mice exposed in vivo. Food and Chemical Toxicology 39(9):941 - Copyrighted

### 8

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** 6, 2001. 64) Soleneski, S.; Gonzalez, N.V.; Reigosa, M.A.; Larramendy, M.L., Herbicide 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 - D) - induced cytogenic damage in human lymphocytes in vitro presence of erythrocytes. Cell Biology International 31(11):1316 - 22, 2007. http://www.sciencedirect.com/scie nce/article/pii/S106569950700152 7 65) Gonzalez, M.; Solenski, S.; Reigosa, M.A.; Larramendy, M.L. Genotoxicity of the herbicide 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic and a commercial formulation, 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid dimethylamine salt. I. Evaluation of DNA. Damage and cytogenic endpoints in Chinese Hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Toxicology In Vitro 19(2):289 - 97, 2005. Cop yrighted http://www.sciencedirect.com/scie nce/article/pii/S106569950700152 7 66) Arias, E. Sister chromatid exchange induction by the herbicide 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in chick embryos. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 55(3):338 -43, 2003. Copy righted 67) Arias, E. Cytogenetic Effects of Short- and Long - term Exposure of Chick Embryos to the Phenoxyherbicide 2,4 - D. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis ., 48:462 -466. Doi:10.1002/em.20301. 2007. Copyrighted 68) Office of Pesticide Programs, EPA, Reevaluation of the Genetic Toxicology Profile on 2,4 - D (December 12, 2011). Page 140 of: http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 - 0450 69) Zeljezic, D.; Garaj - Vrhovac,V . Chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and nuclear buds induced in human lymphocytes by 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid pesticide formulation. Toxicology 200:39 -47, 2004. Copyrighted 70) Venkov, P.; Topashka- Ancheva, M.; Georgieva, M.; Alexieva, V.; Karanov, E. Genotoxic effect of substituted phenoxyacetic acids. Archives of Toxicology 74:560 - 6, 2000. Copyrighted 71) Figgs, L.W.; Holland, N.T.; Rothman, N.; Zahm, S.H., et al. Increased lymphocyte replicative index following 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide exposure. Cancer Causes and Control 11(4):373 - 80, 2000. Copyrighted 72) Holland, N.T.; Duramad, P.; Rothman, N.; Giggs, L.W., et al. Micronucleus Copyrighted

### 9

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** frequency and proliferation in human lymphocytes after exposure to herbici de 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in vitro and in vivo. Mutation Research 521:165 - 178, 2002. 73) Tuschl, H.; Schwab, C. Cyctotoxic effects of the herbicide 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in HepG2 cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology 41:385 - 393, 200 3. Copyrighted 74) Bukowska, B. Effects of 2,4 - D and its metabolite 2,4 - dichlorophenol on antioxidant enzymes and level of glutathione in human erythrocytes. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology 135(4):435 -41, 2004. Copyrighted

75) Venkov, P.; Topashka- Ancheva, M.; Georgieva, M.; Alexieva, V.; Karanov, E. Genotoxic effect of substituted phenoxyacetic acids. Archives of Toxicology 74:560 - 6, 2000. Copyrighted 76) Tripathy, N.K.; Routray, P.K.; Sahu, G.P.; Kumar; A.A. Genoto xicity of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid tested in somatic germ- line cells of Drosophila. Mutation Research 319(3):237 -42, 1993. Copyrighted 77) Sturtz, N.; Bongiovanni, B., et al. Detection of 2,4 - dichlorphenoxyacetic acid in rat milk of dams exposed during lactation and milk analysis of their major components. Food and Chemical Toxicology 44:8 - 16, 2006. Copyrighted 78) Marty, M.S.; S.A. Saghir; C.L. Zablotny; A.J. Clark; A.W. Perala; B.L. Yano; J.S. Bus, and B.H. Neal. A dietary dose range - finding and toxicokinetic (TK) study of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 - D) in adult CRL:CD(SD) rats and their offspring: II. Toxicity. Abstract No. 1262. 2009 Itinerary Planner. Baltimore, MD: Society of Toxicology. Copyrighted

79) Tasker, E. (1985) A Dietary Two - Generati on Reproduction Study in Fischer 344 Rats with 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: Final Report: Project No. WIL - 81137. Unpublished study prepared by Wil Research Laboratories, Inc. MRID 00150557. Study

80) Brown, R. (1986) A Dietary Two - generation Reproduction S tudy in Fischer 344 Rats with 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: Addendum to the Final Study

### 10

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** Report: [Microscopic Evaluation of the Kidneys of the F O , F 1 and F 1b Male Rats]: Project No. WIL - 81137. Unpublished study prepared by WIL Research Laboratories, Inc. MRID 0 0163996. 81) Nishioka, M.G.; Burkholder, H.M.; Brinkman, M.C.; Gordon, S.M. 1996. Measuring lawn transport of lawn - applied herbicide acids from turf to home: Correlation of dislodgeable 2,4 - D turf residues with carpet dust and carpet surface residues. Environmental Science and Technology 30:3313 - 3320. Copyrighted

82) Nishioka, M.G.; Lewis, R.G.; Brinkman, M.C.; Burkholder, H.M.; Hines, C.E.; and Menkedick, J.R. Distribution of 2,4 - D in air and on surfaces inside residences after lawn applications: comparing exposure estimates from various media for young children. Environmental Health Perspectives . 2001 November; 109(11): 1185

– 1191. Copyrighted

83) Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S.EPA, 2,4 - D Response to Public Comments (December 16, 2004); EPA- HQ - OPP - 2004 - 0167 - 0090. http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2004 - 0167 - 0090 84) Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, EPA, Memorandum from Myra Christiansen to Debra Edwards, “Transmittal of meeting minutes of the FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting on the Evaluation of Updated Standard Operating Procedures for Residential Exposure Assessment” (December 16, 2009). http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/me etings/2009/october/1 00609meetin gminutes.pdf 85) Child Specific Exposure Factors Handbook (Table 5 - 1, pg 5 - 5). See http://www.epa.gov/ncea/efh/pdfs/efh - chapter05.pdf. http://www.epa.gov/ncea/efh/pdfs/e fh - chapter05.pdf 86) Wilson, R. (1998) Comparison of Transferable Turf Residues f rom the Application of Various Forms of Phenoxy Herbicides and the Effects from the Application of Various Spray Volumes Per Acre: Lab Project Number: RDW98 - 0903. Unpublished study prepared by Broadleaf Turf Herbicide TFR Task Force LLC. 40 p. (OPPTS 875.2 100) MRID 44655701. Study

87) Meeting of the Pesticide Program Dialogue Committee, Children/Worker Risk Policy. See http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/ppdc/2011/april/session4 - ch workerrisk.pdf

. April 20 - 21, 2011. http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/ppdc /2011/april/session4 - ch workerrisk.pdf

### 11

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** 88) Residue Chemistry Test Guidelines, OPPTS 860.1000, Background. EPA 712

–C

–96

– 169, August 1996. http://www.epa.gov/ocspp/pubs/frs /publications/Test_Guidelines/serie s860.htm 89) Moody, R. P.; Wester, R.C.; Melendres, J.L.; Maibach, H.I. Dermal absorption of the phenoxy herbicide 2,4 - D dimethylamine in humans effect of DEET and anatomic site. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 36(3):241 - 50.,1992. MRID 48772102. Copyrighted

90) Fel dmann, R.J.; Maibach, H.I., 1974. Percutaneous penetration of some pesticides and herbicides in man. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 28, 126

– 132. Copyrighted 91) Ross, R.H.; Driver, J.H.; Harris, S.A.; Maibach, H.I. (2005). Dermal absorption of 2, 4 - D: a review of species differences. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 41: 82 - 91. Copyrighted 92) Brand, R.M.; McMahon, L., et al. (2007) Transdermal absorption of the herbicide 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is enhanced by both ethanol consumption and sunscre en application. Food and Chemical Toxicology 45:93 - 97. Copyrighted

93) Pont, A.R.; Charron, A.R.; Brand, R.M. (2004). Active ingredients in sunscreens act as topical penetration enhancers for the herbicide, 4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 195: 348 - 354. Copyrighted

94) Brand, R.M.; Charron, A.R.; Dutton, L.; Gavlic, T.L., et al. (2004). Effects of Chronic Alcohol Consumption on Dermal Penetration of Pesticides in Rats. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health A 67, 153 - 161. Copyrighted 95) Brand, R.M.; Spalding, M.; Mueller, C. (2002). Sunscreens can increase dermal penetration of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Journal of Toxicology Clinical Toxicology 40 (7): 827 - 832. Copyrighted 96) Harris, S.A.; Solomon, K.R. 1992. Percutaneous penetration of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4 - D dimethylamine salt in human volunteers. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 36, 233

–240. MRID Copyrighted

### 12

**List of References from EPA Response to 2,4 -**  **D NRDC Petition (published 4/18/12) Link** **/Type** 48772104. 97) Maibach, H.I.; Feldmann, R.J., 1974. Systemic absorption of p esticides through the skin of man. In: Occupational Exposure to Pesticides: Report to the Federal Working Group on Pest Management from the Task Group on Occupational Exposure to Pesticides, Appendix B. U.S. Government Printing Office, 0 - 551 - 026, Washington, DC, pp. 120

– 127. MRID 46859102. Available in docket EPA- HQ - OPP 2008 - 0877 at regulations.gov

98) Wester, R.C.; Melendres, J.; Sedik, L.; Maibach, H.; Riviere, J.E., 1998. Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid, theophylline, 2,4 - dimethylamine, diethyl hexyl phthalic acid, and p - aminobenzoic acid in the isolated perfused porcine skin flap compared to man in vivo. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 151, 159

– 165. MRID 48772101. Copyrighted

99) Lerda, D.; and Rizzi, R. Study of Reproductive Function In Persons Occupationally Exposed to 2,4 - D. Mutation Research , 262 (1991) pp. 47 - 50. Copyrighted 100) Morgan, M.K.; L.S. Sheldon; K.W. Thomas; P.O. Egegly; C.W. Croghan; P.A. Jones; J.C. Chuang, and N.K. Wilson. Adult and children's exposure to 2, 4 - D from multiple sources and pathways. (2008) Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 18, 486 - 494. Copyrighted

101) Alexander, B.H.; Mandel, J.S.; Baker, B.A.; Burns, C.J.; Bartels, M.J.; Acquavella, J.F.; Gustin, C., Biomonitoring of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid exposure and dose in farm families. (2007) Environmental Health Perspectives 115(3):370 - 6. Copyrighted

102) Draft Framework and Case Studies on Atrazine, Human Incidents, and the Agricultural Health Study: Incorporation of Epidemiology and Human Incident Data into Human Health Risk Assessment. FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel, (February 2010). http://www.regulations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA- HQ - OPP 2009 - 0851 - 0004