## Manual AirRobot AR200

Version 1.0.2 -engGmbH & Co. KG Werler Straße 4 D-59755 Arnsberg Phone: +49 (0) 29 32 - 54 77 40 Fax: +49 (0) 29 32 - 54 77 45 E-Mail: service@airrobot.de Internet: www.airrobot.de

Manual for AirRobot AR200 Language: English Version 1.0.2 eng - Valid from: 17.12.14 Copyright AirRobot GmbH & Co KG. No unauthorized reproduction in full or in part or use of any images.

# AR2004 

### Contents

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

## Contents 1 General Remarks 6 1.1 1.1 System Description 6 1.2 1.2 About this Manual 7 2 Safety 8 3 System Components 10 4 Airframe 12 4.1 Handling and Set Up 12 4.1.1 Unfolding the airframe 14 4.1.2 Folding up the airframe 16 4.1.3 Mounting and Removing the Rotors 18 4.1.4 Mounting and removal of the antennas on airframe 20 4.1.5 Power off and power on of the airframe 20 4.1.6 Transportation of the airframe 21 4.2 Power supply/batteries 22 4.2.1 Insert and Removal of Flight Battery 23 4.2.2 Charging of the Flight Battery 26 4.3 Payloads 29 4.3.1 Attaching/Removing Payloads 30 4.3.2 Use of AR100 payloads 31 5 Hand Controller 32 5.1 Operating controls 32 5.2 Video/Data Display 50 5.2.1 Telemetry and airframe data display 51 5.2.2 Notifications in Video and Data Display 58 5.2.3 Menu video/data display 60 6 Ground Control Station Box (BKS) 66 6.1 Connectors 66 6.2 Assembly 72 6.3 Power supply BKS ground station box 75 6.3.1 Power supplied through vehicle adapter cable 75 6.3.2 Power supplied through the ground station battery 76 6.3.3 Charging the ground station battery 77

### 1

5 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Contents 7 Operating the System 78 7.1 Pre flight check 78 7.2 Flight preparation set up 79 7.3 Take off 81 7.4 Controlling the airframe 84 7.5 Landing 85 7.6 Fail safe functions 87 7.6.1 Auto home operator initiated 87 7.6.2 Finding a lost airframe 87 7.6.3 Emergency engine shut down / flight termination 88 7.7 Loss of CC uplink 89 7.7.1 Home on lost link 90 7.7.2 Auto Landing in lost link mode 91 7.8 Change Vide Norm 92 8 Troubleshooting 93 8.1 Malfunctions of airframe, ground control station and payload 93 8.1.1 Malfunctions of the airframe 93 8.1.2 Malfunctions of the ground control station 95 8.1.3 Malfunctions of the payload 96 8.2 Error codes airframe 97 9 Appendix 99 9.1 Batteries 99 Notes 1036 

### General Remarks

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

## 1 General Remarks 1.1 System Description The AR200 is an auto stabilizing small unmanned aerial systems with GPS positioning for close range < 10 km operations in which real time video and data transmission from attached sensors is required. The AR200 is equipped with a sophisticated proprietary flight management system including
• Automatic attitude and altitude control
• Automatic heading
• Automatic positioning
• Auto landing on depleted battery
• Auto home on lost link
• Auto home operator initiated
• Automated return to last position of a mission
• Geo fenced operation to avoid flying out of defined areas (intentionally and

non intentionally) Features of the airframe include
• Low weight due to optimized lightweight construction
• Long flight endurance of up to 50 minutes
• Folding design to facilitate compact packaging and easy transportation
• Simple operation
• Rapidly deployable Options
• High flexibility to adopt custom payloads and payloads of AirRobot AR100 series
• Mission planning software allows for fully waypoint controlled automated flight7 

### 1.2 About this Manual This manual is written for operators of the system and explains the handling and set up of the system components. This manual does not constitute a flight-training manual. It does not replace flight training. Only qualified and trained operators should pilot the aerial system. Before setting up or handling the system read entire contents of this manual. This will ensure safe operation and optimal results. The following symbols are used to structure and describe the different topics of the manual and will allow you to read more efficiently. 

### General Remarks

Note Fields marked with the arrow contain helpful information for the handling of the system.
AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Read carefully Fields marked with the exclamation point contain important information for the safe operation of the system. Please follow these instructions closely. For optimized display on a computer screen please Adobe Acrobat Reader • A dot is used before listings. ► A small triangle indicates the description of a manual task to be performed . → The arrow marks a reference to other chapters or topics of the manual. (1) A number in parenthesis relates to a marking number within a chart or image. The warning symbol marks important safety related information. Following these instructions is mandatory to ensure safe operation. In case of dismissal of these instructions there is a risk of accidents resulting in property damage and personal injuries.8 

### Safety 

## 2 Safety Please keep in mind the following safety instructions to ensure safe mission flights
• The AR200 is a high power system. Moving parts are dangerous to humans and

the environment.
• The pilot in charge is responsible for the safe operation of the aircraft and

although there is a high level of automated functionality needs to direct undivided attention to the operation of the system at all times.
• Electrical supplies of ground station and aircraft as well as radio communication

are as important for the safe operation of the system as the condition of the aircraft and the components.
• Do not touch any moving parts during operation. When engines are activated

persons should keep a minimum distance of 30 ft.
• Being too close to the antennas during operation can cause harm. Keep a

minimum distance of 1ft from antennas.
• Do not fly close to or over any transportation infrastructure like roads, railways

and pedestrian areas.
• Do not fly over dwellings or densely populated areas. Do not fly over people.
• Keep a minimum distance from any active airport of 5 miles.
• Always perform pre flight check before take off. Prior to take off
• The system should absolutely only be operated in compliance with FAA

regulations. Please refer to https://www.faa.gov/uas/ for more information of approval process and limitations of operations in the US.
• Before flight operation watch the weather closely and measure wind speed.

Do not fly in wind exceeding 30 mph. Do not fly during thunderstorms.
• Choose a suitable and take off and landing area with at least 90 by 90 feet open

space without obstructions like trees, buildings or power lines.
• In case of rain or snowfall protect the ground station and components from

humidity

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng

### 2

9 

### Safety While operating the aircraft
• Do not fly over persons
• Do not fly in the vicinity of an airport
• Do not fly close to strong radio transmitters
• Do not fly over highways and streets
• Do not fly over water
• Do not exceed an altitude of 300 AGL
• Do not fly behind buildings or structures which can mask the radio signal
• Do not fly close to obstacles in gusty winds
• Do not fly with undercooled flight batteries (< 37 F)
• Watch the level of the flight battery closely. Return for landing in time before

battery is depleted
• Do not fly to close to building with GPS positioning enabled. Spurious signals or

masking can effect GPS performance and lead to uncontrolled movements

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng

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10 

### System Components 

## 3 System Components

6 Rotors

1 Flight platform folded up

1 Flight battery 1 Payload 6 Rotor safety clips

1 Video and data downlink antenna 1 Command control receiving antenna

1 Transport safety clip Depending on configuration the system contains the following components needed for flight operation. (Additional optional accessories are available, please refer to airrobot.de)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng

### 3

11 Power adapter cord

Charger for flight battery Video data downlink receiving antenna Command control transmit antenna Remote controller BKS main ground station box

Ground station battery Light shade for controller

Video cable USB stick

USB cable

Charger for ground station battery 

### System Components

Transport frame for aircraft Storage and shipping box for aircraft Storage and shipping box for ground station
AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng12 

### Airframe Handling and Set Up 

## 4 Airframe 4.1 Handling

Fully assembled AR200 system with mounted rotors, transmitter and receiving antennas and a payload. Warning To safe weight all components are designed in lightweight construction. As a result some components and parts are sensitive to pressure and external force and can easily be damaged. Handle with care. Read instructions for the handling of the system in the following chapters carefully to avoid damage.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng13 

### Handling and Set Up Airframe The following chapters describe the basic set up of the airframe for safe and reliable operation → 4.1.1 „Unfolding of the airframe“, P 14 → 4.1.2 „Folding up of the airframe“, P 16 → 4.1.3 „Mounting and unmounting of the rotor blades“, P 18 → 4.1.4 „Mounting and removing of the antennas“, P 20 → 4.1.5 „Turning the aircraft on and off“, P 20 → 4.1.6 „Transport of the aircraft“, P 21

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng1

2 1 3 2

1 3

2

5 4

14 4.1.1 Unfolding the airframe To safe space the airframe is transported with the engine arms (1) folded down. The landing gear (2) folds up along the arms and stays connected to the arms and the aircraft. Both, arms and landing gear, are secured with a transportation ring (3) . Arms and landing gear fold out simultaneously. In the final stage after unfolding each landing gear is connected to two of the arms.

AR200-Airframe folded up

► Carefully fold out the two arms till they are in horizontal position and click into the locks at the edges of the center of the airframe (see direc tion of the arrows). Make sure that the joint of the landing gear (4) stays straight and is not torqued. The sliding joint of the landing gear (4) needs to slide freely on the center rod (5) of the landing gear. To unfold the system, remove two arms (1) and the landing gear (2) carefully from the transport ring (3) . AR200-Airframe unfolded

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Airframe Handling and Set Up6
7
4

4 8

9 10

15 ► When the end position is reached make sure that the two latches (6) lock solidly into the clamps on the engine arms (7) with an audible click.

► Slide down the joint (4) of the landing gear along the center rod.

► Proceed with the remaining arms and landing gear identical. While folding out the remaining two pairs of arms and landing gear the aircraft can rest on the still folded pair of arms (10) or the unfolded landing gear (9) . ► When the end position is reached the fixed mounted part on the rod (8) locks in to the opening of the joint (4) .

Once the aircraft is unfolded the rotors and anten nas can be mounted. → 4.1.3 „ mounting and removal of the rotors“‚ P 18 → 4.1.4 „mounting and removal of the antennas on the airframe“, P 18

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Handling and Set Up Airframe1

2 3 2 1 3

5

4

6
7
16 4.1.2 Folding up the Airframe For transportation the airframe is folded up. In reversal of the fold out process two engine arms (1) and one corresponding landing gear (2) are folded up at a time and secured with the transportation ring. (3) Before folding up the airframe rotors have to be removed from the en gines. (→ 4.1.3 „mounting and removal of rotors“, P 18)

AR200 Airframe folded up ► Unlock the joint of the landing gear (4) from the lock at the bottom of the rod (5) . ► Move the joint slightly out of the lock upwards as indicated with the arrow. AR200 Airframe unfolded

► Unlock the corresponding arms from the clipping mechanism.

► To unlock the clipping mechanism press the two latches (6) towards each other till they disconnect from the from the clamp (7) , then slightly pan the arm downwards.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Airframe Handling and Set Up4 5

8
3 2

1

9

17 ► Hold both arms slewing them downwards till they are in a vertical position. ► The joint of the landing gear (4) should not rotate out of it’s parallel position and slight freely upwards the center rod (5) .

► Secure the engine arms (1) and the landing gear (2) with the transportation ring (3) . The position of the ring should be about 1 inch below the mount of the landing gear on the engine arms (8) .

► Proceed accordingly with the remaining two pairs for arms and two landing gear. The airframe can rest on the already folded pair of arms.

When folded up and secured with the ring, the air frame is safe to transport. To lift the airframe do not lift on the upper housing, always hold by one of the arms.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Handling and Set Up Airframe3 4

1 2 1 2
2 1

18 4.1.3 Mounting and Removing the Rotors

The AR200 has six rotors . Three rotate clockwise (1) and three with counter clockwise rotation (2) . Accordingly rotors have different pitch. Rotors are coded and will only fit on the correct engine. They are mounted and locked with an interlocking (3) and additional secured with a rotor clip (4) . Achtung: Before mounting or removing the rotors make sure that engines cannot start. Turn off aircraft and remove battery!

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Hinweis: Die Rotor-Sicherungsclips können zur Aufbewahrung auf dem Rotor befestigt werden. AR200 Rotor with rotor clip 

### Airframe Handling and Set Up1

3

4 5

19 ► Push the rotor with a slightly rocking motion onto the appropriate engine (1) .

► Turn the rotor lock (3) all the way till the top is at a 90 degrees angle to the rotor and it is blocked from further turn by the cavity in the rotor.

► Proceed with the remaining rotors accordingly. ► Stick the rotor safety clip (4) onto the rotor lock and the rotor. Open the clip by squeezing the two handles (5) on top inwards. The clip should go all around the rotor on both sides. It can only be mounted when the rotor lock is in place properly.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng The following describes the mounting of the rotors. Removal is the reversed process.

AR200 airframe with all rotors mounted 

### Handling and Set Up Airframe1

2

4

3

1

20 4.1.4 Mounting and removal of the antennas on the aircraft Receiving antenna for command control uplink Stick the command control antenna (1) onto the connector on the top of the center housing (2)

Video/Data downlink antenna Stick the Video/Data downlink antenna (3) onto the connector on the bottom of the center housing (4)

4.1.5 Power off and power on of the aircraft ► Press the main power button on the back of the center housing for approximately 3 seconds till you hear beep.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Airframe Handling and Set Up2 3 4 1

5

6 7
21 4.1.6 Transportation of the aircraft For the safe transportation of the aircraft the carrying frame should always be used. If the airframe is stored or shipped with common carrier the transportation box should be used in addition.

AR200 in carrying frame AR200 in carrying frame and transportation box ► Put the rotors (1) into the foamed rotor holders (2) and secure them with the Velcro tape (3) . The rotor safety clips (4) can be attached to the rotors for transport.

► Carefully lay down the airframe into the openings of the two holders of the transport frame (5) .

► The On Off button of the airframe should be facing the top (6) . The central housing of the airframe goes towards the area with the larger space in between the holder and the frontage of the frame.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Handling and Set Up Airframe22 

### 4.2 Power Supply/Batteries The AR200 airframe is powered by a lithium Ion battery. The ground station uses either a ground station battery (Mil Style BA2590 or similar) or the attached power adapter cord which allows for connection to a cigarette lighter power plug of a vehicle. The ground station accepts 12V to 24 V DC.

The following steps describe the basic steps to use and recharge the AR200 flight battery. → 4.2.1 „Insert battery into airframe“, P 23 → 4.2.2 „Charging of flight battery“, P 26 The power supply to the ground station is described in → 6.2 „Power supply ground station“, P 75 AR200-Flugakku BKS-Akku KFZ-Adapterkabel

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Airframe Power Supply1 2 3

2
1 4 5

23 4.2.1 Insert and Removal of Flight Battery Achtung: Before removal or change of flight battery ensure that the airframe is powered of f. Only use fully charged flight batteries Always remove flight battery after use of airframe or prior to transportation. This avoids mechanical damage of the airframe as well as harmful deep discharge of the battery.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng The flight battery is fitted into the battery holder (1) in the center housing of the airframe and then secured with a Velcro tape (2) . The cover of the battery compartment is locked with a small lock (3) and can be slewed upwards to open.

The following describes the fitting, securing and connecting of the flight battery . The removal is performed with the reversed procedure. ► Open the top cover by pulling on the lock. Fit the flight battery (4) into the cavity of the battery holders (1) The connector of the battery has to be on the left side from the front, as shown. Make sure that the Velcro tape (2) is led around the battery and is not trapped underneath the battery. 

### Power Supply Airframe5 7 6

2

24 ► Plug the connector of the power cable (7) into the flight battery. Before plugging in the cable the door of battery connector on the battery side has to be pushed open to the side.

Important Double check that the connector sits solid and fully in the plug of the battery.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng ► Secure the flight battery with the Velcro tape (2). ► Pay attention that the power cable (6) is led to the side of the battery and is not jammed. 

### Airframe Power Supply/Batteries8

9

25 ► Close the top cover and make sure that the lock latches in

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Power Supply/Batteries Airframe3 2 1 4

5 6

26 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 4.2.2 Charging of the Flight Battery The charger consists of the charging unit (1) , the power supply (2) and power cord (3) . Optio nal the charging unit can be powered from a vehicle using the adapter power cord (4)

► Open the battery connector door (6) of the battery (5) and plug in the connector from the charger. ► Connect the flight battery charging unit to the power supply or a vehicle using the power sup ply plug in the back of the charger. Connecting the charging unit

Connect the flight battery

The flight battery charger will start up. 

### Airframe Power Supply/Charger7 8

7 8

27 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng The charger has two buttons on the front which have the following functions Yellow button (7) : • Change current display and adjustment Green button (8) : • Start charging

• Change charge current

• Stop charging

To change the charge current: ► Hold down the yellow button (7) . The display color changes to yellow. ► While holding the yellow button simultaneously press the green button (8) and hold. The value of the charge current goes up in 500 mA steps. ► Release the green button when the desired value is reached. Adjust charge current The charge current can be adjusted in steps of 500 mA with a maximum of 14.5 A and a minimum of 5 A. The setting is retained after powering off the charging unit. Recommended settings are:

• Charging from a power outlet (110 V to 260 V)

using the power supply of the charger 9000 mA
• Charging from a vehicle (12 V to 24 V)

using the adaptor cable of the charger 5000 mA 

### Power Supply/Charger Airframe8

8

28 Start charging: ► Press the green button (8) to start charging. The display color will change to turquoise. ► If no further action is taken the 100 % charge will start automatically after 3 seconds and the display color changes to blue. ► To only charge up to 70 %, press the green button once again after the first activation. The display color will change to blue and the char ging starts to 70%.

Completed charging: Stop charging: ► Pressing the green button (8) during charging for 1 second will stop charging. The charger changes to start up mode and the display color changes to white.

After the battery is fully charged the display changes to green and shows the level of charging of the battery as well as condition. The flight battery can now be disconnected from the charger. The charger can be used in two modes for full or 70% charge.
• Use 70% charging mode if the battery is stored and not used for a period of time.

A battery will only be charged up to a charge level of 70% and not beyond. Please note the instructions for battery storage (→ 9.1 Notes for use of flight battery, P 104).
• The 100 % charge is used when the battery will be used immediately after a flight or in a

short amount of time.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Airframe Power Supply/Chargers1

2

29 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### 4.3 Attaching Payloads

Payloads are attached to the airframe using a bayonet coupling. Each payload has a payload holder (1) which is connected to the underbelly of the airframe (2) using a turning movement.

Payload Underbelly of the airframe Achtung: Before attaching or removing payloads power off airframe! 

### Payload Airframe1 2 3

30 ► When the coupling is fully inserted into the holder, turn the bayonet coupling counter clockwise till the inset.

The payload is now locked and ready to be used.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng ► Push the bayonet coupling of the payload (1) onto the payload receptor (2) on the underbelly of the airframe. Match up the arrows (3) for correct alignment and fit. 4.3.1 Attaching and Removing of a Payload Following description how to attach payloads. To remove payloads reverse the procedure. 

### Airframe Payload31 4.3.2 Use of AR100 payloads The optional payload adapter allows for use of older AirRobot payloads and payloads designed for types AR100. The adapter is connected in identical way to a regular payload. The AR100 payloads can then be connected to the lower part of the adapter. → AR200 Adapter P 117 Payload adapter AR100-AR200

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Payload Airframe14 8

32 

## 5 Hand Controllerl Hand Controller 5.1 Operating controls

1 Video and data display 7 Auto navigation control panel 13 Radio communication selection 2 Joystick 1 (Altitude, Yaw) 8 Menu select buttons 14 Fiber optic communication selection 3 Joystick 2 (Forward, backward and sideways) 9 LED position lights (On/Off) 15 Ground station power (On/Off) 4 Payload control panel 10 Display brightness 16 Disarm airframe 5 GPS activation and deactivation (On/Off) 11 Geo fence activation (On/Off) 17 Stop video recording on GCS (onto USB stick) 6 OPS activation and deac tivation (On/Off) 12 Auto home activation (On/Off) 18 Start video recording GCS (onto USB stick)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Operating Controls

2 3 1

4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 8

13 14 18 17 15 161

2

3

33 

### Hand Controller

Joystick 2 Joystick 1 Displayed items on the video and data display (→ „Video and data display“, P 50):

• Video of the camera payload
• Telemetry data
• Menu items to change settings
• Warning and error messages Video and data display 

### Operating Controls

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Descent Ascent Yaw right Yaw left Mid position auto hold current altitude and heading Forward flight (in direction of camera view) Flight sideways right Flight sideways left Backwards flight4

34 Payload control field

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng

HD Video Camera: Zoom in Tilt camera up Turn camera on, subsequent push of button starts and stops recording Tilt camera down Zoom out 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls The buttons of the payload control field control functions and movement of the attached payloads. The functions assigned to the buttons can vary depending on the payload used.

»Payload control field Please note: Only the buttons marked in red in the graphic on the left are currently used for payload functions.

The following describes the assignment of the buttons depending on the different payloads35 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng

Digital still camera: Zoom in Tilt camera up Trigger still image Tilt camera down Zoom out Daylight dual optics video camera: No function Tilt camera up Toggle between normal and 4x zoom Tilt camera down No function 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls

Dawn and low light camera: No function Tilt camera up No function Tilt camera down No function36 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng IR thermal imaging camera:

Tilt camera up Change camera modus Change thermal display between White hot → black hot → color display Tilt camera down Zoomfaktor einstellen Change zoom factor (digital zoom) Subsequent pressing of the button toggles zoom factor: Normal → 2 x zoom → 4 x zoom → 2 x zoom → normal

Kontrast einstellen Adjust contrast. Subsequent pressing of the button changes contrast in between: Automatic → Manual contrast 1 to manual contrast 6 in steps of 1 → back to automatic contrast IR and thermal imaging camera with daylight camera:

Tilt camera up Change camera modus Toggle between E/O video daylight camera and IR camera Tilt camera down IR-Wärmebildsensor: Zoomfaktor einstellen Change zoom factor (digital zoom) Subsequent pressing of the button toggles zoom factor: Normal → 2 x zoom → 4 x zoom → 2 x zoom → normal

IR-Thermal Imaging Camera - Change camera modus Change thermal display between White hot → black hot → color display5

37 The GPS button activates and deactivates the GPS auto positioning and tele operation assistance. Availability of sufficient GPS satellite reception to use this feature is displayed in the video data display. (→ „AirRobot Status“, P 53) . Activation of GPS assistance is displayed in the status dis play of the videe/data display (→ „active functions“, P 52 ). GPS Unterstützung (Ein/Aus)

»GPS«-Taste Caution: Deactivate GPS during initial take off. Spurious signal and GPS error can cause sudden uncon trolled movements of the aircraft. Activate GPS at an altitude above 15 to 30 ft. With the ground clearance at this altitude it is possible to correct for errors or uncontrolled movement While in flight GPS enables auto positioning and allows for assisted tele operation to offset wind drifts. Use caution when deactivating GPS in flight especially in windy conditions. Strong uncontrolled drifts can result from GPS deactivation.
Note: GPS is a satellite based positioning system, which is used by the aircraft to auto position in horizontal direction or assist the operator in flight maneuvers. Reliability of GPS varies. Masking and spurious signal can occur in between buildings, in the vicinity of strong magnetic fields and transmitters.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls6

38 The OPS button activates and deactivates auto positioning assistance using the optional OPS. The OPS is an optical based positioning system for use at low altitude. The data display in the video display indicates whether conditions (light, surface and altitude) allow for use of the OPS. (→ „AirRobot Status“‚ P 53). Activation of OPS is indicated on the video display in the status area. (→ „AirRobot activated functions“‚ P 52). OPS-Unterstützung (On/Off)

»OPS«-Button
Hinweis: OPS (Optical Positioning System) is a sensor used to auto position the aircraft at low altitude independent from GPS. It is based on visual flow and detects and memorizes the underlying pattern of the ground below the aircraft. As a result it is not effective over monotonous ground structures (e.g plain grey concrete) or under low light conditions. Small features on the ground can also sometimes not be detected. OPS is only effective with sufficiently large and contrast rich ground features. Depending on the ground features the altitude at which OPS should be used is between 3 and 12 ft AGL. Use of OPS is recommended in areas where there is no or weak and unreliable GPS signal e.g. in buildings, under obstuctions (trees, canopes) or under bridges. It is a complement to GPS controlled flight but not a replacement due to its short range. 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng7

39 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Auto navigation controls The airframe can store two absolute GPS based positions on board that can be approached directly via GPS guided automated flight through the function “approach position (→ „Approach position“, P 41) Home Point : This position is used to enable a direct GPS guided straight flight path to the home point when the mission is completed or batteries need to be changed. The home point is set automatically with first GPS reception by the aircraft or can manually be set by the operator Last position of mission: Stores the location of the last mis sion and enables return to the mission site automatically after battery change or other mission interruptions. Initiates a direct GPS guided straight flight path to the position. Store Position Approach Positione Initiate waypoint

flight
Caution: When using GPS guided automatic flight functions always ensure that sufficient altitude is used to avoid collision with obstacles in the flight path. The system does NOT have situational aware ness. When in GPS guided auto flight mode pay close attention to video on hand controller display. It is recommended that the operator sets the “Home Point” deliberately before starting a missi on. If not, the system assigns the position with first GPS reception as the home point, which might be the position where the system was activated but not necessarily launched from. The home point should be an open, unobstructed area with no trees, power lines or buildings as well as at least 30 ft away from people to facilitate safe auto lan ding. When powering off the airframe the stored “home point” will be lost and has to be set again.
Note: Precondition for the use of the Auto Navigation Functions is sufficient GPS signal reception and activation of GPS on the hand controller using the GPS button. 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls

»Auto-Navigation-Steuerung«- Tastenfeld40 Store a position

► To store the current position as the “home point” move the cursor to the line and confirm selection with the return button ► Any slight movement of Joystick will immediately cancel out of the menu and return to the video (→ Menu Navigation P 43). Menu „Store Position“ »Store Position«- Button

Hinweise: Double pressing the “store position” button stores the current position as the “home point” quickly without entering the menu first. Successful reset of the home point is indicated by the display „di stance from homepoint changing to 0. GPS reception is required to store a position (Indicated by a G in the lower right corner of the video display)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls Pressing the “store position” button opens a screen with menu „Store Position“ on the video/data display:41 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng While in flight the operator can change altitude and hea ding using Joystick 1 without changing or cancelling the flight path. The automatic flight can be canceled at any time by mo ving Joystick 2. When the position is reached the airframe will hover in place in auto positioning mode. Menu „Approach Position“ Go To GPS Position Button

Hinweise: A double click with the button “Approach position” will initiate the auto home function immediately without displaying the menu. To enable the system to automatically fly to “position in last mission” this position has to be stored before. Using this function the flight platform will fly a GPS guided straight path to one of the two stored positions (home or last mission). On initiation the aircraft will turn towards the target position and then fly in a straight path at constant (last) altitude to the position. Pressing button “Go To GPS Position” opens the menu “ Approach position” on the video/data display. 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls Go to GPS position

► To automatically fly to a stored position move the cursor to the appropriate line and confirm the selection with the Return/Menu button. (→ „ Menu Navigation“, P 43).42 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls Waypoint Navigated Flight

»Waypoint«-Button With the waypoint navigation activation button a waypoint mission can be initiated. Prior to use of this feature the waypoint mission has to be created in the optional AirRobot GIS software and uploaded to the airframe.8

43 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls Menu navigation

»Menu-Navigation«-Button field • Move cursor up
• Press once = Change value up by 1 unit
• Press consistently = Running number value

change up

• Display menu
• Open or confirm selected menu item
• Store changed value

• Move cursor down
• Press once = Change value down by 1 unit
• Press consistently = Running number value

change down

Note: Before the first flight mission make yourself sufficiently familiar with the different menus and functions accessible. Always consider that when menus are displayed, the live video feed from the airframe is not displayed resulting in limited situational awareness for the operator. Only ac cess menus while in auto positioning steady hover, never while flying The three buttons of the menu navigation field are used to navigate in between menu lines and to select and confirm menu items to change settings or store position data.9

10

44 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Display-Brightness The »Display-Brightness« button adjusts the brightness of the video/data display.

• one time pressing the button = changes the brightness one step.

• continuous pressing of the button = changes the bright ness consistently through all steps Display brightness can be adjusted in 18 steps and is by default set to 13. »Display brightness adjustment«-button Pressing the LED on/off button activates and deactivates the LED position lights on the aircraft as well as the LED illumination on the IR camera. (optional: position lights are on by default) LED position lights on/off

»LED On/Off buttons Off On 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls11

45 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls Using the flight border button the GPS fence is activated and deactivated. Activation results in a pre set area around the current position of the aircraft out of which the aircraft cannot be flown. This applies to intentional operator input or external forces. The area has a default size of 90 by 90 ft. It only applies horizontal. Flight altitude and vertical movement is not limited. Safety flight border (GPS cage)

»Safety Border« Button Note: The GPS cage is only functioning when GPS reception is present. It does NOT depend on activation of GPS through the hand controller and can be used in GPS flight deactivated mode.12

46 Auto home on lost link

»Auto-Home«-Button The home on lost link button activates the auto home function on lost link. When this function is activated and command control uplink is lost the flight platform will initiate the following flight pattern Wait 20 sec, Climb to highest altitude reached on way to current position, Turn towards Home (→ „ Take Off Position or Custom Set Position“, P 39). ALTERNATIVE: Without GPS availability - initiate auto lan ding after 20 sec.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Important: The operator should set a custom home point to avoid that the system uses the position of first GPS reception as a home point. The home point should also provide a suitable landing area without obstructions and the risk of people being within a 30 ft area of it. Home on lost link has to be activated prior to flight mission. Home on lost link cannot be activated when link is already lost. 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls13

14

47 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Activate radio Command Control Uplink This button activates or deactivates the command control radio uplink and video downlink (alternative to optional fiber optic connection) By default the radio link is the active link. If there is no fiber optic link present, the system will immediately default to radio again.

»Activate Radio CC Link« Button 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls

Buttons »Fiber Optic Channel 1 and 2«-activates command control through fiber optic channels. Channel 2 is optional. If no command control link is established through fiber optic the ground station defaults back to radio link after 2 seconds. Fiber optic channels 1 and 2

»Fiber Channel Activation«15

16

48 To power on the ground station hold down the power button on the hand controller for at least 3 seconds till you see the video/data display light up. Ground station power on/off

To disarm the engines Joystick 1 has to be fully pulled down as indicated in the arrow. While holding the Joystick simultaneously press the button “disarm engines” till engines stop. Disarm engines (airframe landed and on ground) »GCS Power On/Off« Button

»Disarm Engines«- Button

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls17

18

49 The stop recording button stops the video recording onto the USB stick on the ground station. Stop video recording

START – Video Recording button starts recording of video onto the USB stick in the BKS box. USB stick needs to be present (USB stick connection P 68) and properly initiated and the recorder needs to be ready. (→ „ Recording“‚ P52). START – Video Recording

»Start Recording«- Button »Stop Recording«- Button

Note: Use only high quality USB sticks with fast write times. The USB stick should be plugged into the ground station before the ground station is turned on to ensure readiness for recording. Videos are saved in H.264 format and can be played with any suitable media player. Recommended VLC media player → „ 7.10 replay video“‚ P 97.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Note: After the recording is stopped the R will be blinking, indicating that the recorder is still writing the file. Do not turn of ground station before R stops blinking, otherwise data will be lost (→ „ Recording“‚ P52). 

### Hand Controller Operating Controls50 

### 5.2 Video/ Data Display Video and Data Display Hand Controller

The video screen of the hand controller displays the following:

• Video image of the payload in real time
• Telemetry data (→ „ 5.2.1 Telemetry Data“, P 51)
• Menu for settings and storing positions (→ „ 5.2.3 Menu and data display“, P 60)
• Warn and error messages (→ „ 5.2.2 Messages in the video/data display“, P 58)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Hand controller with video/data display

Hinweis: A USB connection on the ground station box allows for accessing the video as a digital MPEG2 video stream. It can be displayed or recorded on a computer. (→ „ USB-connection to PC (PC)“, P 69)51 

### Hand Controller Video and Data Display 5.2.1 Telemetry and airframe data display

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Date and time

Aircraft Battery Status Ground Station Battery Number of GPS satellites acquired

Recording

Activated system functions AirRobot Status GPS coordinates Distance to Home Point

Altitude Payload

used Ground Speed (not Airspeed) Elapsed Flight Time Heading52 Activated airframe functions Recording

(–) ( blinking ) = Recorder initialized, preparing recording

– = Recorder ready R = Recording on USB (R) ( blinking ) = Video file is being saved

(H) (blinkend) = Home on lost link engaged

– = Home on lost link disengaged G = GPS auto positioning and assisted tele op activated O = OPS auto positioning activated

– = No GPS or OPS assistance system activated B = Geo fence activated

– = Geo fence deactivated Shows the status of the digital media recorder in the ground station. The recorder is activated with powering on the ground station. When a USB stick is connected to the ground station it is ready to record the video displayed coming from the payloads. (→ „Start video recording (on USB stick)“, P 49).

Provides information about activated functions of the airframe 

### Video and Data Display Hand Controller

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng53 AirRobot Status

O = OPS-system within working range

– = OPS-system out of working range Displays status of aircraft functions based on feedback from the aircraft

G = Airframe flies in auto home mode H = Automated Flight to „Home Position‘ is executed W = Waypoint mission plan is executed or Fly to last mission position is executed

– = No GPS availability
R = Remote uplink is up H = Auto home on lost link is being executed L = Emergency landing is in progress

– = Remote uplink is lost 

### Hand Controller Video and Data Display

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng54 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng GPS Reception

Date and Time

GPS Position Coordinates Displays date and time. Time and date are generated from GPS satellite data and updated. If there is a lack of GPS link or lost video data downlink date and time are buffered in the ground station. Available display formats are (Settings: → „5.2.3 Menu video/data display“, P 60) :

• dd.mm.yy hh:mm
• mm-dd-yy hh:mm
• DTG (Example on the left)

Displays GPS coordinates of the flight platform. Selectable display formats (Settings: → „5.2.3 Menu video/ data display“, P 60)

• Longitude - Latitude
• MGRS-Format with 10m Grid Day
Month Time zone Year
Time Shows number of satellites acquired. For sufficient GPS lock (displayed with a „G“ in the AirRobot Status bar) and effective use of GPS auto positioning and navigation a minimum of 6 satellites is required.

Format DTG 

### Video and Data Display Hand Controller55 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Video and Data Display

Ground Station Battery Status

Flight Platform Battery Status Displays the remaining capacity of the aircraft battery. 5 bars indicate full capacity. With one bar left the flight time is between 3 to 8 minutes. Distance to Home Point Distance to Home Point Displays the distance of the aircraft to the set “home point”. Home point should be set prior to starting the mission. (→ „Auto navigation controls“, P 39). Selectable units are meter and feet. (→ „Settings“, P 18)

Note: The remaining battery capacity is only be dis played on the video and data display. There are no acoustical warnings alerting the operator of depleted batteries. The system should always be flown through the video in the first person shooter perspective and not line of site to the aircraft. This ensures that status of flight battery, ground stati on battery and GPS availability always remain in plain sight to the operator. Displays the remaining capacity of the ground station battery

Note: When the last bar is blinking flight time will be less then 2 minutes and emergency landing will be initiated within this time. When blinking look for suitable unobstructed landing place. Emergency landing on depleted battery can only safely perfor med from altitudes < 60 ft. REDUCE ALTITUDE WHEN BATTERY IS LOW56 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Flight Direction (Heading by way of compass) Elapsed Flight Time Displays elapsed flight time in minutes.

Flight Speed Displays the ground speed of the aircraft. (not the airspeed) Selectable units are Kilometer/Stunde (kmh) or Miles/hour (mph) (Settings: → „5.2.3 Menu video/data display“, P 60)

Displays the heading by way of compass in degrees. North heading equals value 0 degrees, increasing angle is clockwise: 

### Video and Data Display Hand Controller57 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Video and Data Display Altitude

Payload Shows altitude of airframe relative to take off point based on barometric sensor. Selectable units are m and ft

Note: Displays the relative altitude to the take off point and NOT the ground clearance. Always keep video display in sight and watch for appropriate ground clearance independent from reading.
Displays activated payload. Only applies to aircraft with multiple payload bays (AR200 and AR150)58 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 5.2.2 Notifications in Video and Data Display Warning messages - „threshold altitude exceeded“ and „threshold distance exceeded“ The video/data display can show warning messages when maximum threshold altitude is reached (if activated by operator) or when maximum threshold distance from Home Point is reached. (if activated by operator). Activation and setting of threshold values is done through the menu of the video/data display. (Settings: → „5.2.3 Menu video/data display“, P 60)

Warning message „altitude exceeded“ (Message blinks)

Warning message „distance exceeded“ (Message blinks) 

### Video and Data Display Hand Controller

Maximum threshold altitude exceeded: The current altitude exceeds the pre set maximum value Warning Altitude Exceeded (blinking)

Maximum threshold distance exceeded: The current distance of the flight platform from the home point exceeds the pre set maximum value Warning Altitude Exceeded (blinking)59 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Video and Data Display Warning NO GPS: If GPS reception (→ „GPS satellite reception“, P 54) is insufficient for stable reliable operation under GPS the warning is displayed.

General Error Messages: Before a take off and after each engine start the system performs an internal pre flight check. If malfunctions are detected an error message will be displayed on screen. In addition the airframe will not take off. → „8.2 Error Codes“, P 10260 5.2.3 Menu video/data display The home menu for the video and data display can be called up with the »Enter«-Button» in the but ton field »Menu Navigation» (→ „Menu navigation“, P 43) A slight movement of Joystick 2 will close all menus immediate. Settings not stored prior to closing the menu will not be saved and applied. Menu displays on the video and data display are only shown on screen and not recorded in the video file which is saved on the USB stick. The arrow buttons are used to navigate in the menu. Menu items are selected using the »Enter». Main menu of the video/data display

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Video and Data Display Hand Controller

Menu structure and settings accessible through the video/data display of the hancontroller61 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Video and Data Display Menu navigation

»Menu-Navigation«- Button field • Move cursor up
• Press once - Change value up by 1 unit
• Press consistently - Running number value

change up

• Display menu
• Open or confirm selected menu item
• Store changed value

• Move cursor down
• Press once = Change value down by 1 unit
• Press consistently = Running number value

change down

Note: Before the first flight mission make yourself sufficiently familiar with the different menus and functions accessible. Always consider that when menus are displayed, the live video feed from the airframe is not displayed resulting in limited situational awareness for the operator. The three buttons of the menu navigation field are used to navigate in between menu lines and to select and confirm menu items to change settings or store position data.62 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Video and Data Display Hand Controller Submenu connections

Submenu „Link“ Submenu “Connections protocol”: Determines the communication protocol between the ground control station and the flight platform:
• binary (Default)
• ascii

Important: Changes of the communication settings (Protocol, Drone ID, Channel) on the ground station will result in an immediate loss of communication between ground station and airframe. DO NOT MAKE CHANGES while airframe is in flight. Only make changes when airframe is on the ground and engines are off! Drone ID (only available if connection protocol is set to „binary“): To enable secure point to point connection in between flight platform and ground control station, both components need to be set to identical drone IDs. The drone ID of the flight platform is pre pro grammed by the manufacturer and by default is the serial number of the aircraft. To pair different airframes with a ground station the drone ID in the ground station has to be set to the drone ID of the flight platform. Channel: Flight platform and ground control station must be set to the same radio communication channel. By default there are 16 channel combinations pre programmed into the flight platform and ground control station. The corresponding up and downlink frequency combinations are displayed in the video and data display.63 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Video and Data Display

Channel selection on video/data display Channel Selection in the ground station and on the flight platform. (black area = switch ON) To set the flight platform and the ground control station to the same channel proceed as follows: ► Turn off flight platform and remove flight battery ► Select the desired channel in the video and data display of the hand controller. ► Select channel on flight platform: Adjust DIP switch according to the schematics displayed on the video and data display (see example) ► Insert flight battery, power on flight platform Example: The following images show examples for various channel settings in the ground control station and the corresponding DIP configurations on the flight platform. (DIP switch number 1 is not relevant for channel switching):64 Submenu Data Embedding

Submenu „Data embedding“ Date/Time: Determines the format in which date and time are displayed. (→ „Date and Time“, P 54) The format can be changed using the Enter Button of the menu navigation button field. Coordinates: Sets the format of the coordinates displayed embedded in the video screen. (→ „GPS position coordinates“, P 54) The format can be changed using the Enter Button of the menu navigation button field. Units: Sets the measurement units in which the di stance and the ground speed are displayed.The format can be changed using the Enter Button of the menu navigation button field.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Video and Data Display Hand Controller

Submenu „Messages“ Submenu Warning Messages and Settings Maximum threshold altitude ON/OFF : Activates and deactivates the warning messages when maximum threshold altitude from home point is reached. By default this warning message is activated. Maximum threshold altitude (Altitude Value): Sets the value of the maximum threshold altitude. If this value is exceeded during flight a warning message will be displayed on the video and data display. The value can be set between 0 and 65535 m. By default this value is set to 150 ft. Maximum threshold distance ON/OFF: Activates and deactivates the warning messages when maximum threshold distance from home point is reached. By default this warning message is activated. Maximum threshold distance (Distance Value): Sets the value of the maximum threshold distance If this value is exceeded during flight a warning message will be displayed on the video and data display. The value can be set between 0 and 65535 m. By default this value is set to 1050m65 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Hand Controller Video and Data Display Submenu system information

Submenu System Information Version: Version of the ground control station software

Language Settings Under the menu item language the language in which the menu items and the warning messages are displayed can be selected. Languages are selected using the enter button of the menu navigation button field. The following languages are selectable:

• German
• English Temperature: Inside temperature of the BKS Box of the ground control station RX Packets: Number of received data packets from downlink since the ground control station was turned on RX Faults: Number of faulty received data packets from downlink since the ground control station was turned on66 

### 6.1 Connectors 

## 6 Ground Control Station Box (BKS) Ground Control Box (BKS)

1 BKS power supply cable (Batt) 5 Connector video goggles (V-Brille) 8 Connector video/data rec antenna (VIDEO-ANT-RX) 2 Plug for 12/24V adapter power supply cable (12/24V) 6 USB connector for CPU (PC) 9 Connector fiber optic link (LWL) 3 Analog video out (V-OUT) 7 Connector for hand controller (HBT) 10 Connector CC uplink antenna (COMMAND-ANT-TX) 4 USB connector for recording (MEMO)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Anschlüsse

6 7

8 9 10 1 2 3 4 51 3 2 1

2

Vehicle adapter cable

67 

### Bodenkontrollstation (BKS) Ground Control Box (BKS)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng BKS power supply cable To power the BKS box connect the power cable (1) with the ground station battery (2) : → „6.2.2 GCS power supply with battery“, P 76

Note: To avoid accidental disconnection of the power cable it should be secured with the attached Velcro tape (3) BKS 12/24V adapter cable To power the BKS box using a 12V or 24 V DC power source with a cigarette lighter connection use the vehicle adapter cable → „6.2.1 GCS power supply with 12/24 Vvehicle adapter cable“, P 753

4

68 

### Ground Control Box (BKS)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng This connector is used to plug in a video stick to record the video sent from the airframe. (→ „start video recording to USB stick“, P 49). It is recommended to use the short USB stick, which is part of the delivery. USB plug for memory stick

Note: It is recommended to use short USB sticks to avoid mechanical damage due to accidental breaking off the stick. Use only high quality USB sticks with fast write times. The USB stick should be plugged into the ground station before the ground station is turned on to en sure readiness for recording. Videos are saved in H.264 format and can be played with any suitable media player. USB-stick The analog video out can be used to connect external monitors or recording devices. Analog video out
The adapter cable has 3 RCA plugs in two different colors, red and yellow:

• Yellow - video display without data written in
• Red - video display with embedded data in video

(→ „5.2 Video and data display“, P 50) Video adapter cable 

### Connectors5

6

69 

### Connectors Ground Control Box (BKS)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng The connector for the video goggles allows for access to the video stream without data written in. Connector video goggles

USB connector for computer The USB connection on the ground station box allows for accessing the video as a digital MPEG2 video stream. It can be displayed or recorded on a computer. (→ „USB-connection to PC (PC)“, P 69) In addition telemetry and payload data can be accessed and displayed with the appropriate software. The USB connector is also used to connect to the optional AirRobot Mission Manager software to sent waypoint missions to the airframe and inter face with the software’s video and telemetry dis play. USB-cabel Video goggles7

8

70 Connecting the hand controller The hand controller is connected to the BKS box using the cable attached to it. 

### Ground Control Box (BKS)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Connectors

AConnecting the video/data downlink receiving antenna The antenna is connected to the rectangular plug marked (VI- DEO-ANT-RX) on the BKS ground station box: → „Connect/Disconnect video/data downlink receiving antenna“, P 73 Hand controller

Video/data downlink receiving antenna Extension cord and base for video/data downlink receiving antenna10 9

71 Connector fiber optic link The fiber optic connector is used with the optional AirRobot fiber optic link. The fiber optic link allows for radio silent operation of the system. All video and data signals are transmitted through the fiber optic and the radio transmitters are deactivated. In case the fiber optic link is interrupted, the system reverts back to radio link within 2 seconds. 

### Connectors Ground Control Box (BKS)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Connector CC uplink antenna The CC uplink antenna is either mounted to the connector marked Connector CC uplink antenna marked (COMMAND ANT TX) or using the extension cord: → „connecting the CC uplink antenna “, P 74

Optional base and extension for CC uplink antenna CC uplink antenna1 2

3 4 5

72 

### 6.2 Assembly

Attention: To ensure solid radio communication antennas should be off the ground in an elevated positions and unobstructed by objects or people. 

### Ground Control Box (BKS) Assembly and Set Up

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Ground Control Station (GCS) completely set up and assembled Below image of ground station completely set up with all essential connections in place BKS power supply cable connected to battery (4) Connector for hand controller (3) connected to BKS Box (5) Connector video/data RX antenna (1) connected to BKS Box antenna connector Connector CC uplink TX antenna (2) connected to BKS Box antenna connector Always connect antennas first! Never power up the ground control station when the antennas are not connected. This can cause damage to the transmitters due to transmitter burn.1 2 3

4 5

5 2

73 ► Plug the video/data downlink receiving antenna into the base socket with the extension cord (1) . The clamps of the connector (2) lock solid into the slots (3) onto the socket. To remove the antenna, press the clamps (2) towards each other and pull the plug out of the socket (3) . ► Note: the receiving antenna is a directional antenna and has a front and a backside. The front always has to face into the direction of the flight operation to ensure optimal signal reception. Connect and disconnect the video/data downlink receiving antenna

► Connect the plug of the antenna extension cord (4) to socket on the BKS box (5) .

► The clamps of the connector (2) lock solid into the slots on the socket (5) . To remove the antenna, press the clamps (2) towards each other and pull the plug out of the socket (5) .

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Ground Control Box (BKS) Assembly and Set Up8 7

10 9

11 12

74 Connecting the hand controller ► Connect the plug of the antenna extension to the socket on the BKS box marked (COM MAND-ANT-TX). As with the antenna the plug should solidly screwed into the socket. ► Screw the CC uplink transmitting antenna onto the connector on the base with the antenna extension cord.

► The hand controller is connected via a mil spec connector (11) . Line up the connector (12) with the socket using the markings on the outside of the connector and socket. Push the connector into the socket and turn the outside ring 45 degrees till it locks in. Connecting the CC uplink transmitting antenna

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Ground Control Box (BKS) Assembly and Set Up1

2

75 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Power Supply Ground Control Box (BKS) 6.3 Power supply BKS ground station box

The power to the BKS ground station can be supplied using the ground station battery or a 12/24V adapter cable.

BKS battery 12/24V vehicle adapter cable 6.3.1 Power supplied through vehicle adapter cable ► Connect the adapter cable (2) to the plug on the BKS box (1) and the plug for the cigarette lighter to the 12/24 V power outlet of the vehicle. Always connect antennas first! Never power up the ground control station when the antennas are not connected. This can cause damage to the transmitters due to transmitter burn.1 3 2

76 

### Power Supply Ground Control Box (BKS)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 6.3.2 Power supplied through the ground station battery ► To power the BKS box connect the power cable (1) with the ground station battery (2)

Hinweis: To avoid accidental disconnection of the power cable it can be secured with the attached Velcro tape (3)1 2

3

3

77 

### Power Supply Ground Control Box (BKS)

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 6.3.3 Charging the ground station battery

Status-LED Bedeutung Green (continuous) Battery is fully charged Yellow (slow blinking) Charger in stand by mode Yellow (fast blinking) Battery is precharging Yellow (continuous) Battery is charging Red (continuous) Error, Battery is not charging The ground station battery is charged with the battery charger. Charging can take up to 6 hours. Charging level of the battery is displayed on top of the battery with a bar gauge. 0 Bars = Battery depleted; 5 Bars = Battery fully charged ► Connect the charger to a power outlet und plug the connector (1) of the charger onto the battery (2) .

The charger has LEDs as status display (3) : After the plug sits correctly in place the status LED (3) shows the status of the charging.78 

### Operating the System System Check 

## 7 Operation 7.1 Pre flight check Before and after each operation the system should be completely checked to ensure safe and reliable operation: ► Check all components of the system for possible damages or damages:
• Airframe – all locks of the engine arms
• Airframe - battery properly in place and cable solidly attached
• Airframe – engines, rotate by hand, no friction or scrabbing noise should be present
• Airframe – rotor safety clips
• Airframe – RX and TX antennas in place an properly mounted
• Airframe – payload attachment
• BKS ground station – antennas in place and properly connected
• BKS ground station – battery cable in place and secured
• BKS ground station – battery fully charged
Attention: The system is not flight ready when Rotors are damaged. Even small damage results in an imbalance, which can have an effect on the attitude and flight stabilization sensors Engines are damaged and have dented engine housings. The engines should turn freely and not create and scrubbing noise. Damage to the outer structure or the engine arms of the system are visible. Antennas are bend or snapped off Water has penetrated the housing Batteries are undercooled or not fully charged.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng79 

### Flight Preparations Operating the System 7.2 Flight preparation set up

a) Airframe ► Unfold the airframe and mount rotors, rotor clips and antennas: → „4.1 Handling“, P 13 ► Insert the flight battery: → „4.2 Power Supply“, P 22 ► Attach the payload: → „4.3 Payload“, P 29 Note: Always ensure that the flight battery is fully charged.
Note Troubleshooting: When ground station components and airframes are interchanged, Drone ID settings and Communication channel settings have to checked and matched. In case settings of the airframe do not match up with the ground station the airframe will no link up or respond to the ground station and no video signal will be displayed: To check these settings refer to „Submenu Connections“

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng80 1 

### Flight Preparations

► Set up the ground control station (→ „6.2 Assembly“, P 72) ► Turn the video/data antenna with the front towards the flight direction (1) b) Ground control station 

### Operating the System

Attention: To ensure solid radio communication antennas should be off the ground in an elevated positions and unobstructed by objects or people.

Hinweis: The radio signal should not be obstructed or masked by buildings, trees or structures:

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng81 

### 7.3 Take off

► Bring the flight platform to the take off spot. Bear in mind the flight direction of the airframe. 

### Operating the System Take Off

Flight direction of airframe (red arrow) Attention: When positioning the airframe for take off take off the flight direction of the aircraft and the wind regime has to be taken into consideration. A minimum distance of 60 feet around the airframe is required for all persons. Note: NOTE: This chapter does not constitute a flight-training manual. It does not replace flight training. Only qualified and trained operators should pilot the aerial system.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng82 1

2 ► Press the on off button (1) for 3 seconds till you hear a beep.

Beep signal Meaning No beep The flight platform has a remote uplink connection, GPS reception and is flight ready Delayed inconsistent cheep No GPS signal or CC remote uplink signal. Check channel and Drone ID settings Consistent fast beep Battery is depleted Power on the ground station: ► Press the on off button (2) for 3 seconds With the ground station powered on video transmission will start and the status display for the remote uplink should show the letter R (→ „5.2 Video and data display“, P 50). The beeping signals of the flight platform can vary depending on system status:

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Operating the System Take Off83 3 To start the engines: ► Pull down Joystick 1 all the way (3) . Hold – engines will start slowly. After approximately 5 seconds the flight platform will cheep once. This is an indication that the pre flight check has been completed. The flight platform is now ready for take off! Attention: Be aware that the airframe will take of even if the Joystick 1 is released only up to its center position!

Attention: Perform a short test flight first. Take off to a low altitude (15 – 20 ft). During initial phase climb swiftly, do not loiter too close to ground At low altitude check response to Joystick commands for yaw, forward and sideways flight With the Joystick 1 in neutral position check that the system maintains its altitude Touch down again The preflight has been completed and the system is ready for a m ission flight. Note: If the Joystick is pulled up before the cheep confirming the completion of the pre flight check is heard the engines will shut down and the system will not take of f.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Operating the System Take Off84 

### 7.4 Controlling the airframe The flight platform should always be flown through the video in the first person shooter perspective and not line of site to the aircraft. This way operation is similar to driving a car. There are no reversals of directions; each stick input translates into the exact movement on the screen regardless of the position of the airframe in relation to the operator. Control of the airframe can be achieved intuitively almost like a video game. In addition this operation mode ensures that status of flight battery, ground station battery and GPS availability always remains in plain sight to the operator. 

### Control Operating the System

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng85 Landing in line of sight of the operator: ► Bring the airframe close to the landing area ► Turn the airframe so that the back is facing towards you; this way Joystick input will be proportional to observed aircraft movement. As an example, pushing Joystick 2 to the left results in movement of the aircraft to the left from the perspective of the operator looking at it. ► Decent slowly by pulling down Joystick 1. Ensure that the pull is straight down to avoid turn of the aircraft. ► When the airframe has reached the ground, pull the Joystick all the way down (as for engine start on take off) ► The airframe will remain on the ground. 

### 7.5 Landing Operating the System Landing

Landing through camera view: ► Bring the airframe close to the landing area ► Tilt the camera down (70 to 80 degrees) so that you can see the ground towards the direction of the landing area. ► Fly slowly towards the landing area while descending. Use features on the ground as reference points. ► When the flight platform is close to ground stop forward flight and descent slowly till the airframe is on the ground. ► When the airframe has reached the ground, pull the Joystick all the way down (as for engine start on take off) The airframe will remain on the ground.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng86 5 3

4 

### Landing Operating the System

► Remove the flight battery and charge for subsequent missions or storage: → „4.2.1 Insert and removal of the flight battery“, P 23. → „4.2.2 Charging the flight battery“, P 26. Powering off the airframe: ► Press the ON/OFF button (5) for 3 seconds. Disarm engines after landing: ► Hold down Joystick 1 (3) all the way as during final stage of landing. While holding down the Joystick simultaneously press the engine off button (4) on the hand controller for 2 seconds. The engines will stop. Release the Joystick 1 into the middle position after the engines have stopped.

Note: Restart of the engines can only be performed after the Joystick 1 has been in the middle/neutral position once.

Note: Always store and transport batteries in climate-controlled environment. Undercooled batteries loose capacity and do not perform well. Once the battery is inserted into the flight platform and the flight is in progress the batteries warm up and the outside temperature does not have the same effect.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng87 

### 7.6 Fail safe functions Operating the System
The approach position function of the hand controller allows to command the airframe to re turn to the home position automatically: → „Approach position“, P 41 The “home position” is by default the coordinate on which the system first received GPS after been powered on. For safety reasons the home position should be manually changed by the operator. When the auto home function is active, the airframe flies a straight path towards the home point. While it is in flight, heading and altitude can be changed using Joystick 1 (altitude and heading control) without canceling the automated flight path. Any movement of Joystick 2 (position control) will immediately cancel the automated flight. The airframe goes into auto hover or can manually be controlled. It is imperative that even during automated flight the operator at all times pays close attention to the video display to avoid obstacles and watch for any hazards. 7.6.1 Auto home operator initiated

7.6.2 Finding a lost airframe
► Turn off engines (→ „Turn off engines“, P 48) ► Turn on GPS (→ „GPS Activation/Deactivation)“, P 37). ► Press button “approach position” and hold down The flight platform will now make a cheeping noise. 

### Fail Safe Functions

After landing in an area with low visibility an acoustical signal can be used to locate the airframe:

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Attention: The auto home function initiated through the approach position menu and button should not be mistaken for the auto home on lost link!88 1

2 

### Operating the System During a regular landing the engine speed is reduced to idle speed when the aircraft sets down on the ground. At this point the operator can disarm the engines. In case of a crash landing or a collision the system is not aware of it’ s flight status. In this case the engines can be turned off by the operator if the system is at an attitude exceeding 60 degrees: 7.6.3 Emergency engine shut down / flight termination 

### Fail Safe Functions

► Hold down Joystick 1 (1) all the way as during final stage of landing. While holding down the Joystick simultaneously press the engine off button (2) on the hand controller for 2 seconds. The engines will stop. Release the Joystick 1 into the middle position after the engines have stopped.
If the system for any reason exceeds an attitude of 160 degrees the engines will automatically shut down and if the system is in flight the flight will be terminated immediately. This avoids any uncontrolled spinning of the aircraft in case a rotor or engine is lost in midair.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng89 Lost Link

no

no yes

yes W ait 15 sec
Home on lost Link Engaged? GPS available

Emergency Landing Automated fly to home position

89 

### 7.7 Loss of CC uplink Fault tree for lost link When command control radio communication is lost the system responds as follows: 

### Loss of CC uplink Operating the System

Note: The waiting time of 15 seconds is default factory setting and can only be changed by the manufacturer.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng90 

### Loss of CC uplink Operating the System 7.7.1 Home on lost link The function “Auto Home on Lost Link” initiates an automated flight to the home position when command control uplink is lost.

The function is activated with the Auto Home on Lost Link button on the hand controller (→ Auto-Home on Lost Link“ (On/Off)“, P 46). A blinking H in the video/data display indicates the function is being executed. The sequenze under GPS when CC link is lost is as follows: 1 – Wait for 15 seconds in auto positioning mode 2 – Climb to highest altitude reached during flight 3 – Head towards home point 4 – Fly straight path towards home point 5 – When home point is reached auto land Important: Safe use of this feature requires that a straight flight path back to the home point from any position during the mission can be flown without colliding with obstacles. The system will not backtrack the previous flight path. As a result there is a risk of collision with structures during the straight return to home flight. There might be obstructions in this flight path of which the operator is unaware. As a countermeasure the airframe in lost link mode will climb to the highest alti tude it has reached during the mission flight to this point. If the mission requires low flying or flying around obstacles (buildings, trees or powerlines) rather then overflying them it is advisable to climb at least once during the mission to a high altitude, which is in excess of all obstacles in the mission area. As a result in the event of lost link the airframe will climb to this altitude and maintain it on the way to the home point. The function should NOT be used when flights underneath structures or obstacles are part of the mission. During these mission parts the function should be deacti vated to avoid the airframe from climbing into an obstacle.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng91 

### Loss of CC uplink

7.7.2 Auto Landing in lost link mode If GPS signal is available auto landing will be initiated 15 seconds after the airframe has reached the home position. The descent rate is electronically set to 0.5 m/s. When CC uplink is lost and no GPS signal is available, the airframe initiates auto landing immediately to avoid drift away. The descent rate is electronically set to 0.5 m/s. In addition to lost link mode auto landing is performed when the battery of the aircraft is depleted. 

### Operating the System

Attention: Auto landing on depleted battery can only safely be performed from flight altitudes lower then 60 ft above ground. Always monitor the battery indicator. When the last bar is blinking adjust altitude to below 60 feet to ensure safe landing. After auto landing there is a likelihood of a restart of the engines. Keep a distance of at least 60 feet from the airframe till all engines have completely stopped.

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Note: Lost link sequence is cancelled by the airframe if signal is reestablished for 10% of the waiting time. With the factory default settings of 15 seconds the lost link sequence will be cancelled if signal is present for 1.5 seconds.92 1 

### Operating the System

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Set Video Norm 7.9 Change video norm Depending on the payload cameras produce PAL or NTSC video signals. To adjust for different cameras the video norm can be changed. The video norm is changed using a DIP switch on the airframe, located on the left side of the battery compartment. To change video norm please proceed as follows: : ► Power off airframe. (→ „4.1.5 Power off and power on of the aircraft“, P. 20). ► Remove the battery (→ „4.2.1 Insert and remove airframe battery“, P. 20). ► Change switch 1 of the DIP switch to the desired video norm. (refer to schematics below.

Dip-Schalter 1: Videonorm = PAL (schwarze Fläche = Schalter gedrückt) Dip-Schalter 1: Videonorm = NTSC (schwarze Fläche = Schalter gedrückt)93 

### Troubleshooting Operating the System
Some mechanical damage can be repaired by replacing parts. Certain parts like rotors, lan ding gear and similar are user replaceable. In case other parts show damage or malfunction factory maintenance will be required . 

### 8.1 Malfunctions of airframe, ground control station and payload

8.1.1 Malfunctions of the airframe 

## 8 Troubleshooting

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Malfunction Possible reason

Airframe does not respond to CC input CC uplink receiving antenna on airframe not working, not present or not properly installed. ► Check antenna and when necessary replace antenna. CC uplink transmitting antenna on the ground station not working, not present or not properly installed. ► Check antenna and when necessary replace antenna. CC uplink radio communication range exceeded. ► If in flight, move closer to flight platform. ► If in flight, wait till lost link mode is initiated and airframe returns to home. Radio interference due to other radio emitters in the vicinity. ► Change channel of the airframe and ground station (→ „ submenu connections“, P 62). The radio channels of the airframe and the ground station are different. ► Check channel settings of airframe and ground station and when necessary change settings (→ „ submenu connections“, P 62). Drone ID of airframe and ground station are not a match. ► Match up drone ID of the ground station and airframe. When necessary change settings (→ „ submenu connections“, P 62). The communication protocol in the ground station has been changed. ► Change setting of the protocol on the ground station (→ „ submenu connections“, S. 62).94 

### Operating the System Troubleshooting

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng

Malfunction Possible reason The airframe spins when GPS is activated and does not hold steady position Parameters of the magnetometer are faulty. ► Deactivate GPS and land immediately FACTORY MAINTENANCE REQUIRED No GPS The flight platform is in an unsuited location with no unobstructed view of the sky or buildings or structures mask the GPS signal. ► Move the airframe to a different take off location
Engine start is aborted by the airframe Flight platform stands inclined. ► Place flight platform on a horizontal landing spot. Joystick 1 was not pulled down long enough. ► Repeat engine start and hold Joystick 1 all the way down till beep Malfunction of the internal sensors. ► FACTORY MAINTENANCE REQUIRED95 

### Operating the System

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

### Troubleshooting 8.1.2 Malfunctions of the ground control station

Malfunction Possible reason

No video transmission The airframe is not powered on. ► Power on airframe. Malfunction of the video/data receiving antenna on the ground control station. ► Check antenna and when necessary replace antenna. Malfunction of the video/data transmitting antenna on the airframe. ► Check antenna and when necessary replace antenna. The antenna plugs on the ground station are defective. ►Check the connections for proper seating, bends or damages to the cables. The set video norm does not match the signal from the camera. ►Check video norm settings and when necessary change setting using DIP switch on the airframe. DThe video antenna on the ground station faces into the wrong direction. ► Check orientation (always towards flight direction) and correct.96 

### Troubleshooting

AAirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 8.1.3 Malfunctions of the payload

Malfunction Possible reason

No Video Image The flight platform is powered off. ► Power on flight platform. Malfunctions of video/data receiving antenna. ► Check and when necessary replace the antenna. Is payload properly seated and bayonet connector fully turned in? Payload does not receive power. ► Try to tilt payload remote controlled, if not possible check power supply to payload. Contact pins of payload connector are soiled. ► Carefully clean contacts. Damage to cables or connectors of the payload. ► Check cable and plugs for damages or exposed wires. No remote controlled tilt of payload Contact pins of payload connector are soiled. ► Carefully clean contacts. Servomotors are defective. ► Check servos and transmission belts. 

### Operating the System97 

### Störungen Error Codes

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Bei jedem Motorstart wird eine automatische Systemprüfung durchgeführt. Wenn dabei Prob leme festgestellt werden, erscheinen entsprechende Fehlercodes in der Mitte des Video- und Datendisplays. 

### 8.2 Error codes airframe
Displayed Error Codes

Malfunction Possible reason 0x11 (Acceleration sensor) 0x12 (Acceleration sensor) 0x13 (Gyro) 0x14 (Gyro) Movements of the airframe caused by external forces affect the sensors during start up and system check. ► Ensure that the airframe stands on solid ground and is not expose to high winds while on the ground. Restart engines again If the error code persists, there might be a decalibration or defect of the sensors FACTORY MAINTENANCE REQUIRED. 0x15 (Barometric Sensor) 0x16 (Magnetometer) Barometric sensor or magnetometer did not initialize during start up ► Power airframe of and on. Retry. If the error code persists, there might be malfunction of the magnetometer or barometric sensor FACTORY MAINTENANCE REQUIRED. 0x21 (Throttle) Joystick 1 was not fully pulled down to end position during take off ► Restart engines and retry pulling joystick 1 down to end position till beep can be heard. If the error code persists, check for quality of CC uplink radio communication or interference. 0x22 (Sensors) Movements of the airframe caused by external forces affect the sensors during start up and system check. ► Ensure that the airframe stands on solid ground and is not expose to high winds while on the ground. Restart engines again. If the error code persists, there might be a decalibration or defect of the sensors FACTORY MAINTENANCE REQUIRED .98 

### Malfunctions Error Codes

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Malfunction Possible reason 0x23 (Engines) Communication to engines is disrupted. ► Power off airframe and power on again. Retry. If the error code persists, there is a defect on one or more engines. FACTORY MAINTENANCE REQUIRED . 0x24 (Engine launch failure) 0x25 (Engine launch failure) 0x26 (Engine launch failure) Engine launch failure Engine speed to low at start up, possible cause high gusty winds effecting props ► Reposition airframe to wind protected take off area. If the error code persists, there is a defect on one or more engines. FACTORY MAINTENANCE REQUIRED 0x31 (Flight termination) Airframe has collided or crashed. Airframe is flipped, engines are shut down and power cut off for safety reasons.99 

### 9.1 Batteries 

## 9 Appendix Appendix Battery Handling

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Achtung: The flight batteries contain lithium ion cells. Because of the high energy density these cells have a risk to inflame or explode: When extremely overcharged When overloaded When deep discharge occurs When overheating occurs As a result for mechanical damage, piercing As a result of a short circuit
Countermeasures in case of battery fire
• Always extinguish a burning battery with suitable extinguishing agent.
• If there is no suitable extinguishing agent let the battery burn out
• Do not breath in any vapors resulting from a burning battery
• NEVER EXTINGUISH A BURNING BATTERY WITH WATER, DANGER

OF EXPLOSION!100 

### Anhang Hinweise zum Akkugebrauch

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng General instructions for handling the battery
• The AR200 is solely for use with the AR200 airframe, it may not be used with

any other device.
• The BKS battery is solely for use with the ground station.
• Always fully charge batteries prior to use. ONLY use dedicated AirRobot AR200

charger!
• No fire or open flames close to batteries.
• Avoid contact of the batteries with any liquids.
• Never disassemble a battery. Do not modify or make any changes to the

battery. Disassembling a battery can cause short circuits with discharge of gases, fire, explosions and the discharge of harmful liquids.
• Do not drop battery. Avoid any kind of mechanical damage to the battery. Do not

use a battery that shows signs of mechanical damage.
• In case a battery becomes damage due to airframe crash or drop, store battery

in a non-flammable and non conductive container on non-flammable ground. Monitor battery for at least 30 minutes after damage occurred. There is still a risk of ignition during this time period.
• Electrolytes used in the battery are harmful. Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
• If skin comes into contact with electrolytes wash with plenty of water and consult

a physician.
• If skin comes into contact with electrolytes wash with plenty of water and consult

a physician.
• Gases and vapors discharged by defective batteries are harmful. Do not

breathe in.
• Do not use batteries with a surface temperature of < 50 or > 140. Do not

store batteries in vehicles or in direct sunlight.
• Avoid short circuit of the contacts with metal objects like keys or knifes.
• Check the battery after each flight for mechanical damage, bloating, corrosion,

smell and extensive heat. Do not use the battery if you find any of the above listed.
• The batteries are rechargeable, but still have a limited life span. Replace

batteries when their performance starts to degrade.101 

### Anhang Battery use for flight operations:
• Use only fully charged batteries with sufficient capacity for the flight mission.
• Never use a battery if the charger or the battery tester displayed “error” when

connecting the battery
• The optimal operating temperature is within the range of 68 to 104 degrees.

Batteries which are cold (< 37) degrees have higher inner resistance and lower capacity.
• After flight the battery temperature should not exceed 140 degrees. Allow the

battery to cool down to room temperature before charging. Do not store discharged batteries.
• Never use a battery which shows signs of damage, bloating, corrosion, smell

and extensive heat. Do not use the battery if you find any of the above listed.
**• In case a battery becomes damage due to airframe crash or drop, store** 

**battery in a non-flammable and non conductive container on non flammable ground. Monitor battery for at least 30 minutes after damage**  **occurred. There is still a risk of ignition during this time period.** 

### Hinweise zum Akkugebrauch

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Hinweis: To get optimal results from the batteries they should be used on a regular basis. Record all flights with a battery including flight time for a better assessment of the condition of the battery.102 

### Appendix Battery Handling

AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng Charging batteries:
• Only use dedicated AirRobot battery chargers.
• Never use a battery if the charger or the battery tester displayed “error” when

connecting the battery
• Never charge batteries unattended
• Always put batteries on non flammable and non conductive surfaces
• Do not charge batteries in areas with the presence of flammable objects, heat

sources or in a car exposed to sunlight.
• Do not charge batteries in car while driving.
• Do not charge batteries in areas with strong electro static fields or strong electro

magnetic emitters like remote controls, cellular phones, electrical motors.
• The battery should not heat up during charging. If the battery heats up while

charging is in progress, disconnect immediately.
Storage and transport of batteries:
• When storing the battery for extended period of time charge only to 70%

charging level. Fully charged batteries age faster when stored. Do not store discharged batteries, this will significantly shorten the lifetime of the battery . • Optimal storage temperature is 59 to 68 degrees.
• Store batteries on non flammable and non conductive surfaces.
• Store the battery in dry area.
• Remove all connections to the airframe or ground station from the batteries.
• Always transport in the appropriate transport case.103 AirRobot AR200 Manual Version 1.0.2 eng 

## Notes