# Patent

## Title
Melon hybrid SVMF5196 and parents thereof

## Abstract

The invention provides seed and plants of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and the parent lines thereof, and to methods for producing a melon plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another melon plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants, including the fruit and gametes of such plants.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Appl. Ser. No. 62/240,272, filed Oct. 12, 2015, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of plant breeding and, more specifically, to the development of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and the inbred melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The goal of vegetable breeding is to combine various desirable traits in a single variety/hybrid. Such desirable traits may include any trait deemed beneficial by a grower and/or consumer, including greater yield, resistance to insects or disease, tolerance to environmental stress, and nutritional value.
Breeding techniques take advantage of a plant's method of pollination. There are two general methods of pollination: a plant self-pollinates if pollen from one flower is transferred to the same or another flower of the same plant or plant variety. A plant cross-pollinates if pollen comes to it from a flower of a different plant variety.
Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for type over many generations become homozygous at almost all gene loci and produce a uniform population of true breeding progeny, a homozygous plant. A cross between two such homozygous plants of different genotypes produces a uniform population of hybrid plants that are heterozygous for many gene loci. Conversely, a cross of two plants each heterozygous at a number of loci produces a population of hybrid plants that differ genetically and are not uniform. The resulting non-uniformity makes performance unpredictable.
The development of uniform varieties requires the development of homozygous inbred plants, the crossing of these inbred plants, and the evaluation of the crosses. Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection are examples of breeding methods that have been used to develop inbred plants from breeding populations. Those breeding methods combine the genetic backgrounds from two or more plants or various other broad-based sources into breeding pools from which new lines and hybrids derived therefrom are developed by selfing and selection of desired phenotypes. The new lines and hybrids are evaluated to determine which of those have commercial potential.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the present invention provides a melon plant of the hybrid designated SVMF5196, the melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN. Also provided are melon plants having all the physiological and morphological characteristics of such a plant. Parts of these melon plants are also provided, for example, including pollen, an ovule, scion, a rootstock, a fruit, and a cell of the plant.
In another aspect of the invention, a plant of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN comprising an added heritable trait is provided. The heritable trait may comprise a genetic locus that is, for example, a dominant or recessive allele. In one embodiment of the invention, a plant of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN is defined as comprising a single locus conversion. In specific embodiments of the invention, an added genetic locus confers one or more traits such as, for example, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, disease resistance, and modified carbohydrate metabolism. In further embodiments, the trait may be conferred by a naturally occurring gene introduced into the genome of a line by backcrossing, a natural or induced mutation, or a transgene introduced through genetic transformation techniques into the plant or a progenitor of any previous generation thereof. When introduced through transformation, a genetic locus may comprise one or more genes integrated at a single chromosomal location.
The invention also concerns the seed of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN. The melon seed of the invention may be provided, in particular embodiments, as an essentially homogeneous population of melon seed of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN. Essentially homogeneous populations of seed are generally free from substantial numbers of other seed. Therefore, seed of hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN may be provided, in certain embodiments of the invention, as forming at least about 97% of the total seed, including at least about 98%, 99% or more of the seed. The seed population may be separately grown to provide an essentially homogeneous population of melon plants designated SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN.
In yet another aspect of the invention, a tissue culture of regenerable cells of a melon plant of hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN is provided. The tissue culture will preferably be capable of regenerating melon plants capable of expressing all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of the starting plant, and of regenerating plants having substantially the same genotype as the starting plant. Examples of some of the physiological and morphological characteristics of the hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN include those traits set forth in the tables herein. The regenerable cells in such tissue cultures may be derived, for example, from embryos, meristems, cotyledons, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistils, flowers, seed and stalks. Still further, the present invention provides melon plants regenerated from a tissue culture of the invention, the plants having all the physiological and morphological characteristics of hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN.
In still yet another aspect of the invention, processes are provided for producing melon seeds, plants and fruit, which processes generally comprise crossing a first parent melon plant with a second parent melon plant, wherein at least one of the first or second parent melon plants is a plant of melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN. These processes may be further exemplified as processes for preparing hybrid melon seed or plants, wherein a first melon plant is crossed with a second melon plant of a different, distinct genotype to provide a hybrid that has, as one of its parents, a plant of melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN. In these processes, crossing will result in the production of seed. The seed production occurs regardless of whether the seed is collected or not.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first step in “crossing” comprises planting seeds of a first and second parent melon plant, often in proximity so that pollination will occur for example, mediated by insect vectors. Alternatively, pollen can be transferred manually. Where the plant is self-pollinated, pollination may occur without the need for direct human intervention other than plant cultivation.
A second step may comprise cultivating or growing the seeds of first and second parent melon plants into plants that bear flowers. A third step may comprise preventing self-pollination of the plants, such as by emasculating the flowers (i.e., killing or removing the pollen).
A fourth step for a hybrid cross may comprise cross-pollination between the first and second parent melon plants. Yet another step comprises harvesting the seeds from at least one of the parent melon plants. The harvested seed can be grown to produce a melon plant or hybrid melon plant.
The present invention also provides the melon seeds and plants produced by a process that comprises crossing a first parent melon plant with a second parent melon plant, wherein at least one of the first or second parent melon plants is a plant of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN. In one embodiment of the invention, melon seed and plants produced by the process are first generation (F1) hybrid melon seed and plants produced by crossing a plant in accordance with the invention with another, distinct plant. The present invention further contemplates plant parts of such an F1 hybrid melon plant, and methods of use thereof. Therefore, certain exemplary embodiments of the invention provide an F1 hybrid melon plant and seed thereof.
In still yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method of producing a plant derived from hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN, the method comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a progeny plant derived from hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN, wherein said preparing comprises crossing a plant of the hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN with a second plant; and (b) crossing the progeny plant with itself or a second plant to produce a seed of a progeny plant of a subsequent generation. In further embodiments, the method may additionally comprise: (c) growing a progeny plant of a subsequent generation from said seed of a progeny plant of a subsequent generation and crossing the progeny plant of a subsequent generation with itself or a second plant; and repeating the steps for an additional 3-10 generations to produce a plant derived from hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN. The plant derived from hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN may be an inbred line, and the aforementioned repeated crossing steps may be defined as comprising sufficient inbreeding to produce the inbred line. In the method, it may be desirable to select particular plants resulting from step (c) for continued crossing according to steps (b) and (c). By selecting plants having one or more desirable traits, a plant derived from hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN is obtained which possesses some of the desirable traits of the line/hybrid as well as potentially other selected traits.
In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a method of producing food or feed comprising: (a) obtaining a plant of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN, wherein the plant has been cultivated to maturity, and (b) collecting at least one melon from the plant.
In still yet another aspect of the invention, the genetic complement of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN is provided. The phrase “genetic complement” is used to refer to the aggregate of nucleotide sequences, the expression of which sequences defines the phenotype of, in the present case, a melon plant, or a cell or tissue of that plant. A genetic complement thus represents the genetic makeup of a cell, tissue or plant, and a hybrid genetic complement represents the genetic make up of a hybrid cell, tissue or plant. The invention thus provides melon plant cells that have a genetic complement in accordance with the melon plant cells disclosed herein, and seeds and plants containing such cells.
Plant genetic complements may be assessed by genetic marker profiles, and by the expression of phenotypic traits that are characteristic of the expression of the genetic complement, e.g., isozyme typing profiles. It is understood that hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN could be identified by any of the many well known techniques such as, for example, Simple Sequence Length Polymorphisms (SSLPs) (Williams et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 1 8:6531-6535, 1990), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF), Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions (SCARs), Arbitrary Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) (EP 534 858, specifically incorporated herein by reference in its entirety), and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (Wang et al., Science, 280:1077-1082, 1998).
In still yet another aspect, the present invention provides hybrid genetic complements, as represented by melon plant cells, tissues, plants, and seeds, formed by the combination of a haploid genetic complement of a melon plant of the invention with a haploid genetic complement of a second melon plant, preferably, another, distinct melon plant. In another aspect, the present invention provides a melon plant regenerated from a tissue culture that comprises a hybrid genetic complement of this invention.
In still yet another aspect, the invention provides a method of determining the genotype of a plant of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN comprising detecting in the genome of the plant at least a first polymorphism. The method may, in certain embodiments, comprise detecting a plurality of polymorphisms in the genome of the plant. The method may further comprise storing the results of the step of detecting the plurality of polymorphisms on a computer readable medium. The invention further provides a computer readable medium produced by such a method.
Any embodiment discussed herein with respect to one aspect of the invention applies to other aspects of the invention as well, unless specifically noted.
The term “about” is used to indicate that a value includes the standard deviation of the mean for the device or method being employed to determine the value. The use of the term “or” in the claims is used to mean “and/or” unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives only or the alternatives are mutually exclusive. When used in conjunction with the word “comprising” or other open language in the claims, the words “a” and “an” denote “one or more,” unless specifically noted otherwise. The terms “comprise,” “have” and “include” are open-ended linking verbs. Any forms or tenses of one or more of these verbs, such as “comprises,” “comprising,” “has,” “having,” “includes” and “including,” are also open-ended. For example, any method that “comprises,” “has” or “includes” one or more steps is not limited to possessing only those one or more steps and also covers other unlisted steps. Similarly, any plant that “comprises,” “has” or “includes” one or more traits is not limited to possessing only those one or more traits and covers other unlisted traits.
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and any specific examples provided, while indicating specific embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIG. 1 Performance characteristics of hybrid SVMF5196 and comparative varieties.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides methods and compositions relating to plants, seeds and derivatives of melon hybrid SVMF5196, melon line HARDV10-4019MO and melon line HARDV12-4098AN. The hybrid SVMF5196 was produced by the cross of parent lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN. The parent lines show uniformity and stability within the limits of environmental influence. By crossing the parent lines, uniform seed hybrid SVMF5196 can be obtained.
Hybrid SVMF5196, also known as 14-DV-HAR-5196, is melon with full netting and orange flesh. The fruit of SVMF5196 is non-sutured, has creamy or tan colored skin, firm flesh, and can be picked at or before full slip. SVMF5196 has a deep orange flesh color, and a small seed cavity. SVMF5196 shows broad adaptation to many melon growing regions.
A. Origin and Breeding History of Melon Hybrid SVMF5196
The parents of hybrid SVMF5196 are HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN. The parent lines are uniform and stable, as is a hybrid produced therefrom. A small percentage of variants can occur within commercially acceptable limits for almost any characteristic during the course of repeated multiplication. However no variants are expected.
B. Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Melon Hybrid SVMF5196, Melon Line HARDV10-4019MO and Melon Line HARDV12-4098AN
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant having the physiological and morphological characteristics of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and the parent lines thereof. A description of the physiological and morphological characteristics of such plants is presented in Tables 1-3.







TABLE 1







Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Hybrid SVMF5196













Comparison Variety-



CHARACTERISTIC
SVMF5196
Olympic Gold













1.
Type
Other: Western
Other: Western




Shipper
Shipper


3.
Seedling





length of hypocotyl (just before
short
very short



development of the first true leaf)





size of cotyledon
medium
large



intensity of green color of
medium
medium



cotyledon




4.
Leaf (mature blade of third leaf)





shape
reniform
reniform



lobes
not lobed
not lobed



color
dark green
dark green



RHS Color Chart value
147A
137A



length
177.0 mm
162.9 mm



width
178.7 mm
162.1 mm



surface
pubescent
pubescent


5.
Leaf Blade (fully developed but not old





leaves, preferably between the 5th and





8th node when the plant has at least 11





nodes)





size
large
large



intensity of green color
dark
dark



development of lobes
weak
weak



length of terminal lobe
short
short



dentation of margin
weak
weak



blistering
medium
medium


6.
Petiole





attitude
erect
erect



length
long
long


7.
Plant





fertility - sex expression (at full
Monoecious
andromonoecious



flowering)





habit
vine
vine


8.
Young fruit (green, unripe fruit before





color change)





hue of green color of skin
greyish green
green



intensity of green color of skin
light
medium



density of dots
absent or very sparse
very dense



contrast of dot color/ground color
weak
weak



conspicuousness of groove coloring
absent or very weak
absent or very weak



length of peduncle
long
short



thickness of peduncle 1 cm from
medium
medium



fruit





extension of darker area around
medium
medium



peduncle





change of skin color from young
late in fruit
late in fruit



fruit to maturity
development
development


9.
Fruit





length
long
long



length (at edible maturity)
19.0 cm
17.2 cm



diameter
medium
medium



diameter (at edible maturity)
15.9 cm
14.3 cm



ratio length/diameter
small
small



weight (at edible maturity)
2436.0 gm
1802.8 gm



position of maximum diameter
at middle
at middle



shape
round
oval



shape in longitudinal section
broad elliptic
broad elliptic



surface (at edible maturity)
netted
netted



blossom scar (at edible maturity)
conspicuous
conspicuous



rib presence (at edible maturity)
absent
absent



suture depth (at edible maturity)
medium
medium



suture surface (at edible maturity)
netted
netted



shipping quality (at edible maturity)
excellent
excellent



abscission (at edible maturity)
when overripe
when ripe



maturity (number of days from
93
93



seeding to harvest)





Rind Net





net presence
abundant
abundant



distribution
covers entire fruit
covers entire fruit



coarseness
medium coarse
medium coarse



interlacing
complete
complete



interstices
medium deep
medium deep



Rind texture:
hard
hard



thickness at medial
3.1 mm
5.2 mm



Rind Color





Primary Color (at edible maturity)
yellow/orange
yellow/orange



RHS Color Chart value
20C
23A



Net Color (at edible maturity)
cream
cream



RHS Color Chart value
19D
19D



Furrow (Suture) Color (at edible
yellow/orange
yellow/orange



maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
20C
23A



Primary Color (at full maturity)
cream
orange



RHS Color Chart value
164D
N167A



Net Color (at full maturity
cream
cream



RHS Color Chart value
165D
165D



Fruit:





ground color of skin
yellow
yellow



intensity of ground color of skin
light
light



hue of ground color of skin
orange
yellowish



density of dots
absent or very sparse
absent or very sparse



density of patches
absent or very sparse
absent or very sparse



warts
absent
absent



strength of attachment of peduncle
medium
very weak



at maturity





shape of base
rounded
rounded



shape of apex
rounded
rounded



size of pistil scar
medium
large



grooves
weakly expressed
weakly expressed



width of grooves
medium
medium



depth of grooves
medium
medium



color of grooves
yellow
yellow



creasing of surface
absent or very weak
absent or very weak



cork formation
absent
absent



rate of change of skin color from
fast
fast



maturity to over maturity





width of flesh in longitudinal
thick
medium



section (at position of maximum





fruit diameter)





main color of flesh
orange
orange



intensity of orange color of flesh
medium
medium



(only varieties with main color of





flesh orange)





firmness of flesh
firm
firm



at over maturity: hue of color of
orangish/yelow
orangish/yellow



skin (only varieties with change of





skin color from maturity to over





maturity)





at over maturity: intensity of yellow
medium
dark



color of skin (only varieties with





change of skin color from maturity





to over maturity and with yellow or





orangish yellow color of skin)




10.
Flesh





Color Near Cavity (at edible
orange
orange



maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
24B
24B



Color in Center (at edible maturity)
orange
orange



RHS Color Chart value
24B
24B



Color Near Rind (at edible
orange
orange



maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
24A
24B



Flesh: refractometer % soluable
13.30%
12.80%



solids (center of flesh)





aroma (at edible maturity)
faint
strong



flavor (at edible maturity)
very spicy
very spicy


12.
Seed





length of the seed cavity
126.0 mm
108.3 mm



width of seed cavity
70.7 mm
61.3 mm



shape in cross section
circular
triangular



length (made on fully developed
medium
long



and dry seeds, after washing and





drying in the shade)





width
broad
medium



shape
pine-nut shape
pine-nut shape



color
cream yellow
cream yellow



intensity of color (only varieties
light
dark



with cream yellow seed color)





Time of male flowering
early
early



Time of female flowering
early
medium



Time of ripening
medium
medium



Shelf life of fruit
long
long



Seeds: measurements (number of
851.8
597.1



seeds per fruit)





Seeds: measurements (grams per
26.0 gm
30.0 gm



1,000 seeds)





*These are typical values. Values may vary due to environment. Other values that are substantially equivalent are also within the scope of the invention.













TABLE 2







Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Line HARDV10-4019MO













Comparison Variety-



CHARACTERISTIC
HARDV10-4019MO
Caribbean Gold













1.
Type
other: Harper
other: Western Shipper


3.
Seedling





length of hypocotyl (just before
medium
short



development of the first true leaf)





size of cotyledon
medium
medium



intensity of green color of
medium
medium



cotyledon




4.
Leaf (mature blade of third leaf)





shape
reniform
reniform



lobes
not lobed
not lobed



color
dark green
dark green



RHS Color Chart value
147A
147A



length
156.0 mm
138.1 mm



width
159.4 mm
142.5 mm



surface
pubescent
pubescent


5.
Leaf Blade (fully developed but not 





old leaves, preferably between the 





5th and 8th node when the plant 





has at least 11 nodes)





size
large
medium



intensity of green color
dark
dark



development of lobes
weak
medium



length of terminal lobe
short
medium



dentation of margin
weak
weak



blistering
medium
medium


6.
Petiole





attitude
erect
erect



length
long
long


7.
Plant





fertility - sex expression (at full
monoecious
monoecious



flowering)





habit
vine
vine


8.
Young fruit (green, unripe fruit 





before color change)





hue of green color of skin
greyish green
greyish green



intensity of green color of skin
light
light



density of dots
absent or very sparse
absent or very sparse



size of dots
small




contrast of dot color/ground color
weak




conspicuousness of groove coloring
absent or very weak
absent or very weak



length of peduncle
long
short



thickness of peduncle 1 cm from
thin
thin



fruit





extension of darker area around
small
small



peduncle





change of skin color from young
late in fruit
late in fruit



fruit to maturity
development
development


9.
Fruit





length
long
medium



length (at edible maturity)
19.6 cm
15.1 cm



diameter
medium
medium



diameter (at edible maturity)
15.1 cm
12.8 cm



ratio length/diameter
small to medium
small to medium



weight (at edible maturity)
2262.5 gm
1320.1 gm



position of maximum diameter
at middle
at middle



shape
oval
round



shape in longitudinal section
obovate
circular



surface (at edible maturity)
netted
netted



blossom scar (at edible maturity)
conspicuous
obscure



rib presence (at edible maturity)
absent
absent



shipping quality (at edible maturity)
fair
excellent



abscission (at edible maturity)
when overripe
when overripe



maturity (number of days from
93
102



seeding to harvest)





Rind Net





net presence
abundant
abundant



distribution
covers entire fruit
covers entire fruit



coarseness
fine
very coarse



interlacing
complete
complete



interstices
shallow
medium deep



Rind texture:
firm
hard



thickness at medial
1.9 mm
1.6 mm



Rind Color





Primary Color (at edible maturity)
gray/orange
gray/green



RHS Color Chart value
165D
194B



Net Color (at edible maturity)
orange/white
orange/white



RHS Color Chart value
1659B
159C



Primary Color (at full maturity)
cream/yellow
yellow/green



RHS Color Chart value
—
148B



Net Color (at full maturity
cream
white/green



RHS Color Chart value
27C
157C



Fruit:





ground color of skin
yellow
yellow



intensity of ground color of skin
light
light



hue of ground color of skin
orange
yellowish



density of dots
absent or very sparse
absent or very sparse



density of patches
absent or very sparse
absent or very sparse



warts
absent
absent



strength of attachment of peduncle
medium
medium



at maturity





shape of base
pointed
rounded



shape of apex
rounded
rounded



size of pistil scar
medium
small



grooves
absent or very weakly
absent or very weakly




expressed
expressed



creasing of surface
absent or very weak
absent or very weak



cork formation
absent
absent



rate of change of skin color from
fast
absent or very slow



maturity to over maturity





width of flesh in longitudinal
medium
medium



section (at position of maximum





fruit diameter)





main color of flesh
orange
orange



intensity of orange color of flesh
medium
medium



(only varieties with main color of





flesh orange)





firmness of flesh
firm
firm



at over maturity: hue of color of
creamish
creamish



skin (only varieties with change of





skin color from maturity to over





maturity)





at over maturity: intensity of yellow
medium
medium



color of skin (only varieties with





change of skin color from maturity





to over maturity and with yellow or





orangish yellow color of skin)




10.
Flesh





Color Near Cavity (at edible
orange
orange



maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
24B
24C



Color in Center (at edible maturity)
orange
orange



RHS Color Chart value
24B
24C



Color Near Rind (at edible
orange
orange



maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
24C
24C



Flesh: refractometer % soluable
10.30%
12.80%



solids (center of flesh)





aroma (at edible maturity)
strong
faint



flavor (at edible maturity)
somewhat spicy
somewhat spicy


12.
Seed





length of the seed cavity
129.7 mm
101.6 mm



width of seed cavity
56.3 mm
56.7 mm



shape in cross section
triangular
circular



length (made on fully developed
medium
short



and dry seeds, after washing and





drying in the shade)





width
medium
medium



shape
pine-nut shape
pine-nut shape



color
cream yellow
cream yellow



intensity of color (only varieties
light
light



with cream yellow seed color)





Time of male flowering
early
early



Time of female flowering
medium
medium



Time of ripening
early
medium



Shelf life of fruit
long
long



Seeds: measurements (number of
523.3
621.3



seeds per fruit)





Seeds: measurements (grams per
28.0 gm
21.0 gm



1,000 seeds)





*These are typical values. Values may vary due to environment. Other values that are substantially equivalent are also within the scope of the invention.













TABLE 3







Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Line HARDV12-4098AN













Comparison Variety-



CHARACTERISTIC
HARDV12-4098AN
Caribbean Gold













1.
Type
other: Harper
other: Western Shipper


3.
Seedling





length of hypocotyl (just before
short
short



development of the first true leaf)





size of cotyledon
medium
medium



intensity of green color of
medium
medium



cotyledon




4.
Leaf (mature blade of third leaf)





shape
reniform
reniform



lobes
not lobed
not lobed



color
dark green
dark green



RHS Color Chart value
147A
147A



length
165.5 mm
138.1 mm



width
173.7 mm
142.5 mm



surface
pubescent
pubescent


5.
Leaf Blade (fully developed but 





not old leaves, preferably between 





the 5th and 8th node when the 





plant has at least 11 nodes)





size
large
medium



intensity of green color
dark
dark



development of lobes
weak
medium



length of terminal lobe
short
medium



dentation of margin
weak
weak



blistering
medium
medium


6.
Petiole





attitude
erect
erect



length
long
long


7.
Plant





fertility - sex expression (at full
andromonoecious
monoecious



flowering)





habit
vine
vine


8.
Young fruit (green, unripe fruit 





before color change)





hue of green color of skin
green
greyish green



intensity of green color of skin
light
light



density of dots
absent or very sparse
absent or very sparse



contrast of dot color/ground color
weak




conspicuousness of groove coloring
medium
absent or very weak



intensity of groove coloring
medium




length of peduncle
short
short



thickness of peduncle 1 cm from
medium
thin



fruit





extension of darker area around
absent or very small
small



peduncle





change of skin color from young
late in fruit
late in fruit



fruit to maturity
development
development


9.
Fruit





length
short
medium



length (at edible maturity)
10.0 cm
15.1 cm



diameter
narrow
narrow



diameter (at edible maturity)
11.1 cm
12.8 cm



ratio length/diameter
very small to small
small



weight (at edible maturity)
699.2 gm
1320.1 gm



position of maximum diameter
at middle
at middle



shape
oblate
round



shape in longitudinal section
oblate
circular



surface (at edible maturity)
netted
netted



blossom scar (at edible maturity)
obscure
obscure



rib presence (at edible maturity)
present
absent



number of ribs per fruit (at edible
9.5




maturity)





rib width at medial (at edible
34.4 mm




maturity)





ribs surface (at edible maturity)
netted




suture depth (at edible maturity)
shallow




suture surface (at edible maturity)
netted




shipping quality (at edible maturity)
excellent
excellent



abscission (at edible maturity)
when ripe
when overripe



maturity (number of days from
91
102



seeding to harvest)





Rind Net





net presence
abundant
abundant



distribution
covers entire fruit
covers entire fruit



coarseness
very coarse
very coarse



interlacing
complete
complete



interstices
medium deep
medium deep



Rind texture:
hard
hard



thickness at medial
3.7 mm
1.6 mm



Rind Color





Primary Color (at edible maturity)
yellow/gray
gray/green



RHS Color Chart value
160A
194B



Net Color (at edible maturity)
green/gray
orange/white



RHS Color Chart value
161C
159C



Furrow (Suture) Color (at edible
green/gray




maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
194B




Primary Color (at full maturity)
yellow/green
yellow/green



RHS Color Chart value
160B
148B



Net Color (at full maturity
yellow/green
white/green



RHS Color Chart value
165D
157C



Furrow (Suture) Color (at full
yellow/green




maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
160B




Fruit:





ground color of skin
yellow
yellow



intensity of ground color of skin
medium
light



hue of ground color of skin
yellowish
yellowish



density of dots
absent or very sparse
absent or very sparse



density of patches
absent or very sparse
absent or very sparse



warts
absent
absent



strength of attachment of peduncle
very weak
medium



at maturity





shape of base
truncate
rounded



shape of apex
truncate
rounded



size of pistil scar
large
small



grooves
weakly expressed
absent or very weakly





expressed



width of grooves
narrow




depth of grooves
very shallow




color of grooves
green




creasing of surface
absent or very weak
absent or very weak



cork formation
absent
absent



rate of change of skin color from
slow
absent or very slow



maturity to over maturity





width of flesh in longitudinal
medium
medium



section (at position of maximum





fruit diameter)





main color of flesh
orange
orange



intensity of orange color of flesh
dark
medium



(only varieties with main color of





flesh orange)





firmness of flesh
firm
firm



at over maturity: hue of color of
yellow
creamish



skin (only varieties with change of





skin color from maturity to over





maturity)





at over maturity: intensity of yellow
medium
medium



color of skin (only varieties with





change of skin color from maturity





to over maturity and with yellow or





orangish yellow color of skin)




10.
Flesh





Color Near Cavity (at edible
orange
orange



maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
26A
24C



Color in Center (at edible maturity)
orange
orange



RHS Color Chart value
26A
24C



Color Near Rind (at edible
orange
orange



maturity)





RHS Color Chart value
26A
24C



Flesh: refractometer % soluable
16.00%
12.80%



solids (center of flesh)





aroma (at edible maturity)
strong
faint



flavor (at edible maturity)
very spicy
somewhat spicy


12.
Seed





length of the seed cavity
68.4 mm
101.6 mm



width of seed cavity
50.7 mm
56.7 mm



shape in cross section
circular
circular



length (made on fully developed
medium
short



and dry seeds, after washing and





drying in the shade)





width
medium
medium



shape
pine-nut shape
pine-nut shape



color
cream yellow
cream yellow



intensity of color (only varieties
medium
light



with cream yellow seed color)





Time of male flowering
medium
early



Time of female flowering
late
medium



Time of ripening
early
medium



Shelf life of fruit
long
long



Seeds: measurements (number of
381.9
621.3



seeds per fruit)





Seeds: measurements (grams per
24.0 gm
21.0 gm



1,000 seeds)





*These are typical values. Values may vary due to environment. Other values that are substantially equivalent are also within the scope of the invention.






C. Breeding Melon Plants
One aspect of the current invention concerns methods for producing seed of melon hybrid SVMF5196 involving crossing melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN. Alternatively, in other embodiments of the invention, hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO, or line HARDV12-4098AN may be crossed with itself or with any second plant. Such methods can be used for propagation of hybrid SVMF5196 and/or the melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN, or can be used to produce plants that are derived from hybrid SVMF5196 and/or the melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN. Plants derived from hybrid SVMF5196 and/or the melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN may be used, in certain embodiments, for the development of new melon varieties.
The development of new varieties using one or more starting varieties is well known in the art. In accordance with the invention, novel varieties may be created by crossing hybrid SVMF5196 followed by multiple generations of breeding according to such well known methods. New varieties may be created by crossing with any second plant. In selecting such a second plant to cross for the purpose of developing novel lines, it may be desired to choose those plants which either themselves exhibit one or more selected desirable characteristics or which exhibit the desired characteristic(s) when in hybrid combination. Once initial crosses have been made, inbreeding and selection take place to produce new varieties. For development of a uniform line, often five or more generations of selfing and selection are involved.
Uniform lines of new varieties may also be developed by way of double-haploids. This technique allows the creation of true breeding lines without the need for multiple generations of selfing and selection. In this manner true breeding lines can be produced in as little as one generation. Haploid embryos may be produced from microspores, pollen, anther cultures, or ovary cultures. The haploid embryos may then be doubled autonomously, or by chemical treatments (e.g. colchicine treatment). Alternatively, haploid embryos may be grown into haploid plants and treated to induce chromosome doubling. In either case, fertile homozygous plants are obtained. In accordance with the invention, any of such techniques may be used in connection with a plant of the invention and progeny thereof to achieve a homozygous line.
Backcrossing can also be used to improve an inbred plant. Backcrossing transfers a specific desirable trait from one inbred or non-inbred source to an inbred that lacks that trait. This can be accomplished, for example, by first crossing a superior inbred (A) (recurrent parent) to a donor inbred (non-recurrent parent), which carries the appropriate locus or loci for the trait in question. The progeny of this cross are then mated back to the superior recurrent parent (A) followed by selection in the resultant progeny for the desired trait to be transferred from the non-recurrent parent. After five or more backcross generations with selection for the desired trait, the progeny have the characteristic being transferred, but are like the superior parent for most or almost all other loci. The last backcross generation would be selfed to give pure breeding progeny for the trait being transferred.
The plants of the present invention are particularly well suited for the development of new lines based on the elite nature of the genetic background of the plants. In selecting a second plant to cross with SVMF5196 and/or melon lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN for the purpose of developing novel melon lines, it will typically be preferred to choose those plants which either themselves exhibit one or more selected desirable characteristics or which exhibit the desired characteristic(s) when in hybrid combination. Examples of desirable traits may include, in specific embodiments, high seed yield, high seed germination, seedling vigor, high fruit yield, disease tolerance or resistance, and adaptability for soil and climate conditions. Consumer-driven traits, such as a fruit shape, color, texture, and taste are other examples of traits that may be incorporated into new lines of melon plants developed by this invention.
D. Performance Characteristics
As described above, hybrid SVMF5196 exhibits desirable agronomic traits. The performance characteristics of hybrid SVMF5196 were the subject of an objective analysis of the performance traits relative to other varieties. The results of the analysis are presented in FIG. 1.
E. Further Embodiments of the Invention
In certain aspects of the invention, plants described herein are provided modified to include at least a first desired heritable trait. Such plants may, in one embodiment, be developed by a plant breeding technique called backcrossing, wherein essentially all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of a variety are recovered in addition to a genetic locus transferred into the plant via the backcrossing technique. The term single locus converted plant as used herein refers to those melon plants which are developed by a plant breeding technique called backcrossing, wherein essentially all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of a variety are recovered in addition to the single locus transferred into the variety via the backcrossing technique. By essentially all of the morphological and physiological characteristics, it is meant that the characteristics of a plant are recovered that are otherwise present when compared in the same environment, other than an occasional variant trait that might arise during backcrossing or direct introduction of a transgene.
Backcrossing methods can be used with the present invention to improve or introduce a characteristic into the present variety. The parental melon plant which contributes the locus for the desired characteristic is termed the nonrecurrent or donor parent. This terminology refers to the fact that the nonrecurrent parent is used one time in the backcross protocol and therefore does not recur. The parental melon plant to which the locus or loci from the nonrecurrent parent are transferred is known as the recurrent parent as it is used for several rounds in the backcrossing protocol.
In a typical backcross protocol, the original variety of interest (recurrent parent) is crossed to a second variety (nonrecurrent parent) that carries the single locus of interest to be transferred. The resulting progeny from this cross are then crossed again to the recurrent parent and the process is repeated until a melon plant is obtained wherein essentially all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of the recurrent parent are recovered in the converted plant, in addition to the single transferred locus from the nonrecurrent parent.
The selection of a suitable recurrent parent is an important step for a successful backcrossing procedure. The goal of a backcross protocol is to alter or substitute a single trait or characteristic in the original variety. To accomplish this, a single locus of the recurrent variety is modified or substituted with the desired locus from the nonrecurrent parent, while retaining essentially all of the rest of the desired genetic, and therefore the desired physiological and morphological constitution of the original variety. The choice of the particular nonrecurrent parent will depend on the purpose of the backcross; one of the major purposes is to add some commercially desirable trait to the plant. The exact backcrossing protocol will depend on the characteristic or trait being altered and the genetic distance between the recurrent and nonrecurrent parents. Although backcrossing methods are simplified when the characteristic being transferred is a dominant allele, a recessive allele, or an additive allele (between recessive and dominant), may also be transferred. In this instance it may be necessary to introduce a test of the progeny to determine if the desired characteristic has been successfully transferred.
In one embodiment, progeny melon plants of a backcross in which a plant described herein is the recurrent parent comprise (i) the desired trait from the non-recurrent parent and (ii) all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of melon the recurrent parent as determined at the 5% significance level when grown in the same environmental conditions.
New varieties can also be developed from more than two parents. The technique, known as modified backcrossing, uses different recurrent parents during the backcrossing. Modified backcrossing may be used to replace the original recurrent parent with a variety having certain more desirable characteristics or multiple parents may be used to obtain different desirable characteristics from each.
With the development of molecular markers associated with particular traits, it is possible to add additional traits into an established germ line, such as represented here, with the end result being substantially the same base germplasm with the addition of a new trait or traits. Molecular breeding, as described in Moose and Mumm, 2008 (Plant Physiology, 147: 969-977), for example, and elsewhere, provides a mechanism for integrating single or multiple traits or QTL into an elite line. This molecular breeding-facilitated movement of a trait or traits into an elite line may encompass incorporation of a particular genomic fragment associated with a particular trait of interest into the elite line by the mechanism of identification of the integrated genomic fragment with the use of flanking or associated marker assays. In the embodiment represented here, one, two, three or four genomic loci, for example, may be integrated into an elite line via this methodology. When this elite line containing the additional loci is further crossed with another parental elite line to produce hybrid offspring, it is possible to then incorporate at least eight separate additional loci into the hybrid. These additional loci may confer, for example, such traits as a disease resistance or a fruit quality trait. In one embodiment, each locus may confer a separate trait. In another embodiment, loci may need to be homozygous and exist in each parent line to confer a trait in the hybrid. In yet another embodiment, multiple loci may be combined to confer a single robust phenotype of a desired trait.
Many single locus traits have been identified that are not regularly selected for in the development of a new inbred but that can be improved by backcrossing techniques. Single locus traits may or may not be transgenic; examples of these traits include, but are not limited to, herbicide resistance, resistance to bacterial, fungal, or viral disease, insect resistance, modified fatty acid or carbohydrate metabolism, and altered nutritional quality. These comprise genes generally inherited through the nucleus.
Direct selection may be applied where the single locus acts as a dominant trait. For this selection process, the progeny of the initial cross are assayed for viral resistance and/or the presence of the corresponding gene prior to the backcrossing. Selection eliminates any plants that do not have the desired gene and resistance trait, and only those plants that have the trait are used in the subsequent backcross. This process is then repeated for all additional backcross generations.
Selection of melon plants for breeding is not necessarily dependent on the phenotype of a plant and instead can be based on genetic investigations. For example, one can utilize a suitable genetic marker which is closely genetically linked to a trait of interest. One of these markers can be used to identify the presence or absence of a trait in the offspring of a particular cross, and can be used in selection of progeny for continued breeding. This technique is commonly referred to as marker assisted selection. Any other type of genetic marker or other assay which is able to identify the relative presence or absence of a trait of interest in a plant can also be useful for breeding purposes. Procedures for marker assisted selection are well known in the art. Such methods will be of particular utility in the case of recessive traits and variable phenotypes, or where conventional assays may be more expensive, time consuming or otherwise disadvantageous. Types of genetic markers which could be used in accordance with the invention include, but are not necessarily limited to, Simple Sequence Length Polymorphisms (SSLPs) (Williams et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 1 8:6531-6535, 1990), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF), Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions (SCARs), Arbitrary Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) (EP 534 858, specifically incorporated herein by reference in its entirety), and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (Wang et al., Science, 280:1077-1082, 1998).
F. Plants Derived by Genetic Engineering
Many useful traits that can be introduced by backcrossing, as well as directly into a plant, are those which are introduced by genetic transformation techniques. Genetic transformation may therefore be used to insert a selected transgene into a plant of the invention or may, alternatively, be used for the preparation of transgenes which can be introduced by backcrossing. Methods for the transformation of plants that are well known to those of skill in the art and applicable to many crop species include, but are not limited to, electroporation, microprojectile bombardment, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and direct DNA uptake by protoplasts.
To effect transformation by electroporation, one may employ either friable tissues, such as a suspension culture of cells or embryogenic callus or alternatively one may transform immature embryos or other organized tissue directly. In this technique, one would partially degrade the cell walls of the chosen cells by exposing them to pectin-degrading enzymes (pectolyases) or mechanically wound tissues in a controlled manner.
An efficient method for delivering transforming DNA segments to plant cells is microprojectile bombardment. In this method, particles are coated with nucleic acids and delivered into cells by a propelling force. Exemplary particles include those comprised of tungsten, platinum, and preferably, gold. For the bombardment, cells in suspension are concentrated on filters or solid culture medium. Alternatively, immature embryos or other target cells may be arranged on solid culture medium. The cells to be bombarded are positioned at an appropriate distance below the macroprojectile stopping plate.
An illustrative embodiment of a method for delivering DNA into plant cells by acceleration is the Biolistics Particle Delivery System, which can be used to propel particles coated with DNA or cells through a screen, such as a stainless steel or Nytex screen, onto a surface covered with target cells. The screen disperses the particles so that they are not delivered to the recipient cells in large aggregates. Microprojectile bombardment techniques are widely applicable, and may be used to transform virtually any plant species.
Agrobacterium-mediated transfer is another widely applicable system for introducing gene loci into plant cells. An advantage of the technique is that DNA can be introduced into whole plant tissues, thereby bypassing the need for regeneration of an intact plant from a protoplast. Modern Agrobacterium transformation vectors are capable of replication in E. coli as well as Agrobacterium, allowing for convenient manipulations (Klee et al., Bio-Technology, 3(7):637-642, 1985). Moreover, recent technological advances in vectors for Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer have improved the arrangement of genes and restriction sites in the vectors to facilitate the construction of vectors capable of expressing various polypeptide coding genes. The vectors described have convenient multi-linker regions flanked by a promoter and a polyadenylation site for direct expression of inserted polypeptide coding genes. Additionally, Agrobacterium containing both armed and disarmed Ti genes can be used for transformation.
In those plant strains where Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is efficient, it is the method of choice because of the facile and defined nature of the gene locus transfer. The use of Agrobacterium-mediated plant integrating vectors to introduce DNA into plant cells is well known in the art (Fraley et al., Bio/Technology, 3:629-635, 1985; U.S. Pat. No. 5,563,055).
Transformation of plant protoplasts also can be achieved using methods based on calcium phosphate precipitation, polyethylene glycol treatment, electroporation, and combinations of these treatments (see, e.g., Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 199:183-188, 1985; Omirulleh et al., Plant Mol. Biol., 21(3):415-428, 1993; Fromm et al., Nature, 312:791-793, 1986; Uchimiya et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 204:204, 1986; Marcotte et al., Nature, 335:454, 1988). Transformation of plants and expression of foreign genetic elements is exemplified in Choi et al. (Plant Cell Rep., 13: 344-348, 1994), and Ellul et al. (Theor. Appl. Genet., 107:462-469, 2003).
A number of promoters have utility for plant gene expression for any gene of interest including but not limited to selectable markers, scoreable markers, genes for pest tolerance, disease resistance, nutritional enhancements and any other gene of agronomic interest. Examples of constitutive promoters useful for plant gene expression include, but are not limited to, the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) P-35S promoter, which confers constitutive, high-level expression in most plant tissues (see, e.g., Odel et al., Nature, 313:810, 1985), including in monocots (see, e.g., Dekeyser et al., Plant Cell, 2:591, 1990; Terada and Shimamoto, Mol. Gen. Genet., 220:389, 1990); a tandemly duplicated version of the CaMV 35S promoter, the enhanced 35S promoter (P-e35S); 1 the nopaline synthase promoter (An et al., Plant Physiol., 88:547, 1988); the octopine synthase promoter (Fromm et al., Plant Cell, 1:977, 1989); and the figwort mosaic virus (P-FMV) promoter as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,619 and an enhanced version of the FMV promoter (P-eFMV) where the promoter sequence of P-FMV is duplicated in tandem; the cauliflower mosaic virus 19S promoter; a sugarcane bacilliform virus promoter; a commelina yellow mottle virus promoter; and other plant DNA virus promoters known to express in plant cells.
A variety of plant gene promoters that are regulated in response to environmental, hormonal, chemical, and/or developmental signals can also be used for expression of an operably linked gene in plant cells, including promoters regulated by (1) heat (Callis et al., Plant Physiol., 88:965, 1988), (2) light (e.g., pea rbcS-3A promoter, Kuhlemeier et al., Plant Cell, 1:471, 1989; maize rbcS promoter, Schaffner and Sheen, Plant Cell, 3:997, 1991; or chlorophyll a/b-binding protein promoter, Simpson et al., EMBO J., 4:2723, 1985), (3) hormones, such as abscisic acid (Marcotte et al., Plant Cell, 1:969, 1989), (4) wounding (e.g., wunl, Siebertz et al., Plant Cell, 1:961, 1989); or (5) chemicals such as methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, or Safener. It may also be advantageous to employ organ-specific promoters (e.g., Roshal et al., EMBO J., 6:1155, 1987; Schernthaner et al., EMBO J., 7:1249, 1988; Bustos et al., Plant Cell, 1:839, 1989).
Exemplary nucleic acids which may be introduced to plants of this invention include, for example, DNA sequences or genes from another species, or even genes or sequences which originate with or are present in the same species, but are incorporated into recipient cells by genetic engineering methods rather than classical reproduction or breeding techniques. However, the term “exogenous” is also intended to refer to genes that are not normally present in the cell being transformed, or perhaps simply not present in the form, structure, etc., as found in the transforming DNA segment or gene, or genes which are normally present and that one desires to express in a manner that differs from the natural expression pattern, e.g., to over-express. Thus, the term “exogenous” gene or DNA is intended to refer to any gene or DNA segment that is introduced into a recipient cell, regardless of whether a similar gene may already be present in such a cell. The type of DNA included in the exogenous DNA can include DNA which is already present in the plant cell, DNA from another plant, DNA from a different organism, or a DNA generated externally, such as a DNA sequence containing an antisense message of a gene, or a DNA sequence encoding a synthetic or modified version of a gene.
Many hundreds if not thousands of different genes are known and could potentially be introduced into a melon plant according to the invention. Non-limiting examples of particular genes and corresponding phenotypes one may choose to introduce into a melon plant include one or more genes for insect tolerance, such as a Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) gene, pest tolerance such as genes for fungal disease control, herbicide tolerance such as genes conferring glyphosate tolerance, and genes for quality improvements such as yield, nutritional enhancements, environmental or stress tolerances, or any desirable changes in plant physiology, growth, development, morphology or plant product(s). For example, structural genes would include any gene that confers insect tolerance including but not limited to a Bacillus insect control protein gene as described in WO 99/31248, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety, U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,052, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,500,365 and 5,880,275, herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. In another embodiment, the structural gene can confer tolerance to the herbicide glyphosate as conferred by genes including, but not limited to Agrobacterium strain CP4 glyphosate resistant EPSPS gene (aroA:CP4) as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,633,435, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety, or glyphosate oxidoreductase gene (GOX) as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,463,175, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Alternatively, the DNA coding sequences can affect these phenotypes by encoding a non-translatable RNA molecule that causes the targeted inhibition of expression of an endogenous gene, for example via antisense- or cosuppression-mediated mechanisms (see, for example, Bird et al., Biotech. Gen. Engin. Rev., 9:207, 1991). The RNA could also be a catalytic RNA molecule (i.e., a ribozyme) engineered to cleave a desired endogenous mRNA product (see for example, Gibson and Shillito, Mol. Biotech., 7:125, 1997). Thus, any gene which produces a protein or mRNA which expresses a phenotype or morphology change of interest is useful for the practice of the present invention.
G. Definitions
In the description and tables herein, a number of terms are used. In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of the specification and claims, the following definitions are provided:
Allele: Any of one or more alternative forms of a gene locus, all of which alleles relate to one trait or characteristic. In a diploid cell or organism, the two alleles of a given gene occupy corresponding loci on a pair of homologous chromosomes.
Backcrossing: A process in which a breeder repeatedly crosses hybrid progeny, for example a first generation hybrid (F1), back to one of the parents of the hybrid progeny. Backcrossing can be used to introduce one or more single locus conversions from one genetic background into another.
Crossing: The mating of two parent plants.
Cross-pollination: Fertilization by the union of two gametes from different plants.
Diploid: A cell or organism having two sets of chromosomes.
Emasculate: The removal of plant male sex organs or the inactivation of the organs with a cytoplasmic or nuclear genetic factor or a chemical agent conferring male sterility.
Enzymes: Molecules which can act as catalysts in biological reactions.
F1 Hybrid: The first generation progeny of the cross of two nonisogenic plants.
Genotype: The genetic constitution of a cell or organism.
Haploid: A cell or organism having one set of the two sets of chromosomes in a diploid.
Linkage: A phenomenon wherein alleles on the same chromosome tend to segregate together more often than expected by chance if their transmission was independent.
Marker: A readily detectable phenotype, preferably inherited in codominant fashion (both alleles at a locus in a diploid heterozygote are readily detectable), with no environmental variance component, i.e., heritability of 1.
Phenotype: The detectable characteristics of a cell or organism, which characteristics are the manifestation of gene expression.
Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL): Quantitative trait loci (QTL) refer to genetic loci that control to some degree numerically representable traits that are usually continuously distributed.
Resistance: As used herein, the terms “resistance” and “tolerance” are used interchangeably to describe plants that show no symptoms to a specified biotic pest, pathogen, abiotic influence or environmental condition. These terms are also used to describe plants showing some symptoms but that are still able to produce marketable product with an acceptable yield. Some plants that are referred to as resistant or tolerant are only so in the sense that they may still produce a crop, even though the plants are stunted and the yield is reduced.
Regeneration: The development of a plant from tissue culture.
Self-pollination: The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same plant.
Single Locus Converted (Conversion) Plant: Plants which are developed by a plant breeding technique called backcrossing, wherein essentially all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of a melon variety are recovered in addition to the characteristics of the single locus transferred into the variety via the backcrossing technique and/or by genetic transformation.
Substantially Equivalent: A characteristic that, when compared, does not show a statistically significant difference (e.g., p=0.05) from the mean.
Tissue Culture: A composition comprising isolated cells of the same or a different type or a collection of such cells organized into parts of a plant.
Transgene: A genetic locus comprising a sequence which has been introduced into the genome of a melon plant by transformation.
H. Deposit Information
A deposit of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and inbred parent lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN, disclosed above and recited in the claims, has been made with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), 10801 University Blvd., Manassas, Va. 20110-2209. The date of the deposit was Sep. 30, 2015. The accession numbers for those deposited seeds of melon hybrid SVMF5196 and inbred parent lines HARDV10-4019MO and HARDV12-4098AN are ATCC Accession Number PTA-122542, ATCC Accession Number PTA-122536, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-122540, respectively. Upon issuance of a patent, all restrictions upon the deposits will be removed, and the deposits are intended to meet all of the requirements of 37 C.F.R. §1.801-1.809. The deposits will be maintained in the depository for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the last request, or for the effective life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if necessary during that period.
Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail by way of illustration and example for purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and modifications may be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
All references cited herein are hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference.

## Claims

1. A melon plant comprising at least a first set of the chromosomes of melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN, a sample of seed of said lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122536 and ATCC Accession Number PTA-122540, respectively.

2. A melon seed comprising at least a first set of the chromosomes of melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN, a sample of seed of said lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122536 and ATCC Accession Number PTA-122540, respectively.

3. The plant of claim 1, which is an inbred.

4. The plant of claim 1, which is a hybrid.

5. The seed of claim 2, which is an inbred.

6. The seed of claim 2, which is a hybrid.

7. The plant of claim 4, wherein the hybrid plant is melon hybrid SVMF5196, a sample of seed of said hybrid SVMF5196 having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122542.

8. The seed of claim 6, defined as a seed of melon hybrid SVMF5196, a sample of seed of said hybrid SVMF5196 having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122542.

9. The seed of claim 2, defined as a seed of line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN.

10. A plant part of the plant of claim 1.

11. The plant part of claim 10, further defined as a leaf, an ovule, pollen, a fruit, or a cell.

12. A melon plant having all the physiological and morphological characteristics of the melon plant of claim 7.

13. A tissue culture of regenerable cells of the plant of claim 1.

14. The tissue culture according to claim 13, comprising cells or protoplasts from a plant part selected from the group consisting of embryos, meristems, cotyledons, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistil, flower, seed and stalks.

15. A melon plant regenerated from the tissue culture of claim 13, wherein said plant comprises all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of the melon plant comprising at least a first set of the chromosomes of melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN, a sample of seed of said lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122536 and ATCC Accession Number PTA-122540, respectively.

16. A method of vegetatively propagating the melon plant of claim 1 comprising the steps of:
(a) collecting tissue capable of being propagated from the plant according to claim 1;
(b) cultivating said tissue to obtain proliferated shoots; and
(c) rooting said proliferated shoots to obtain rooted plantlets.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising growing at least a first melon plant from said rooted plantlets.

18. A method of introducing a desired trait into a melon line comprising:
(a) utilizing as a recurrent parent a plant of either melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN, by crossing a plant of melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN with a second donor melon plant that comprises a desired trait to produce F1 progeny, a sample of seed of said lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122536, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-122540, respectively;
(b) selecting an F1 progeny that comprises the desired trait;
(c) backcrossing the selected F1 progeny with a plant of the same melon line used as the recurrent parent in step (a), to produce backcross progeny;
(d) selecting backcross progeny comprising the desired trait; and
(e) repeating steps (c) and (d) three or more times to produce selected fourth or higher backcross progeny plants that comprise the desired trait, and otherwise comprise essentially all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of the recurrent parent melon line used in step (a).

19. A melon plant produced by the method of claim 18.

20. A method of producing a melon plant comprising an added trait, the method comprising introducing a transgene conferring the trait into a plant of melon hybrid SVMF5196, melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN, a sample of seed of said hybrid and lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122542, ATCC Accession Number PTA-122536, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-122540, respectively.

21. A melon plant produced by the method of claim 20.

22. The plant of claim 1, further comprising a transgene.

23. The plant of claim 22, wherein the transgene confers a trait selected from the group consisting of male sterility, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, pest resistance, disease resistance, modified fatty acid metabolism, environmental stress tolerance, modified carbohydrate metabolism and modified protein metabolism.

24. The plant of claim 1, further comprising a single locus conversion.

25. The plant of claim 24, wherein the single locus conversion confers a trait selected from the group consisting of male sterility, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, pest resistance, disease resistance, modified fatty acid metabolism, environmental stress tolerance, modified carbohydrate metabolism and modified protein metabolism.

26. A method for producing a seed of a melon plant derived from at least one of melon hybrid SVMF5196, melon line HARDV10-4019MO or melon line HARDV12-4098AN comprising the steps of:
(a) crossing a melon plant of hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN with itself or a second melon plant; a sample of seed of said hybrid and lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122542, ATCC Accession Number PTA-122536, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-122540, respectively; and
(b) allowing seed of a hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN-derived melon plant to form.

27. A method of producing a seed of a hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN-derived melon plant comprising the steps of:
(a) producing a hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN-derived melon plant from a seed produced by crossing a melon plant of hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN with itself or a second melon plant, a sample of seed of said hybrid and lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-122542, ATCC Accession Number PTA-122536, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-122540, respectively; and
(b) crossing the hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN-derived melon plant with itself or a different melon plant to obtain a seed of a further hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN-derived melon plant.

28. The method of claim 27, further comprising repeating said producing and crossing steps of (a) and (b) using a seed from said step (b) for producing a plant according to step (a) for at least one generation to produce a seed of an additional hybrid SVMF5196, line HARDV10-4019MO or line HARDV12-4098AN-derived melon plant.

29. A plant part of the plant of claim 7.

30. The plant part of claim 29, further defined as a leaf, a flower, a fruit, an ovule, pollen, or a cell.

31. A method of producing a melon seed comprising crossing the plant of claim 1 with itself or a second melon plant and allowing seed to form.

32. A method of producing a melon fruit comprising:
(a) obtaining the plant according to claim 1, wherein the plant has been cultivated to maturity; and
(b) collecting a melon from the plant.