# U ni te d S ta te s Co ur t of A pp ea ls For the Eig hth Circu it

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _
No. 1 6- 33 58

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _
Uni te d S ta te s o f Am eri ca

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Pla in ti

ff - App el le e

v.

Bran do n Dev os

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Defe nd

an t - Ap pe ll an t

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _
No. 1 6- 33 59

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _
Uni te d S ta te s o f Am eri ca

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Pla in ti

ff - App el le e

v.

Bran do n Dev os

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Defe nd

an t - Ap pe ll an t

__ __ __ __ __ __ App eal s fr om

Uni te d S ta te s Di st ric t Co ur t fo r th e Nor th ern Dis tri ct of I owa - Ced ar Ra pi ds

__ __ __ __ __ __
Su bm it te d: May 8, 20 17 Fi le d: May 18, 2 01 7 [Un pu bl is he d]

__ __ __ __ __ __Befo re RI LEY, BEAM, and SHEPHERD, Circ ui t J ud ge s.

__ __ __ __ __ __

PER CURI AM.

In Decem be r 20 06
, fo ll owi ng a gu il ty pl ea to con sp ira cy to di st rib ut e h ero in

, th e di st ric t cou rt se nt en ced Bran do n Dev os to 10 4 m on th s' im pr is on m en t fol lo wed 1 by a th ree- y ear te rm of su pe rv is ed rel eas e. In Nov em be r 20 13
, whi le Dev os rem ai ne d
in th e cu st od y of th e Bu reau of Pri so ns (BOP), he en te red a res id en ti al reen try cen te r
to se rv e th e rem ai nd er of hi s pr is on te rm

. In Decem be r 20 13
, a f

t e r f ai li ng a br eat h

an al y si s, Dev os es cap ed fro m BOP cu st od y bu t was ap pr eh en de d da y s la te r. In May
20 14
, Dev os pl ed gu il ty to es cap e fro m cu st od y an d th e di st ric t co ur t se nt en ced hi m
to 21 m on th s' im

pr is on m en t to be ser ve d c on se cu ti ve ly to t he un di sc ha rg ed po rti on of hi s pr io r se nt en ce, fo ll owe d by a th ree- y ear te rm of su pe rv is ed rel eas e to be se rv ed

co nc ur ren t wit h th e te rm of su pe rv is ed rel eas e fr o m h i s 20 06 co nv ic ti on

. In
Nov em be r 20 15
, Dev os ret ur ne d to th e res id en ti al reen try cen te r an d com pl et ed hi s
te rm of im

pr is on m en t wit ho ut in ci de n t

. In Ja nu ary 20 16
, Dev os be ga n se rv in g hi s
two , con cu rren t, t hr ee-year te rm s o f su pe rv is ed rel eas e.

In Ju ne , th e Uni te d Stat es Pro ba ti on Offic e (USPO) fil ed a pe ti ti on to rev ok e Dev os 's su pe rv is io n, al le gi ng th at Dev os vi ol at ed th e te rm s of hi s su pe rv is ed rel eas e in fo ur res pe ct s: (1 ) fai li ng to pa rti ci pa te in su bs ta nc e-ab us e te st in g; ( 2 ) us in g

m et ha m ph et am in e; (3 ) as so ci at in g wit h a fel on or a pe rs on e n g a g e d in cri m in al

act iv it y ; an d (4 ) lying to hi s pr ob at io n offi cer. As to th e fir st an d sec on d clai m s th e USPO al le ge d th at Dev os i n t e n t io na ll y di lu te d hi s ur in e an d th en , aft er he was

en ro ll ed in a swe at -p at ch te st in g pr og ram , hi s swe at p a t c h e s te st ed po si ti ve fo r

m et ha m ph et am in e. Devo s ad m it te d t ha t he fai le d to pa rti ci pa te in su bs ta nc e-ab us e
te st in g, t ha t h e as so ci at ed wit h o ne fel on no te d i n t he cla im s, an d th at he li ed to hi s

The Hon or ab le Lin da R. Rea de

, Ch ie f Ju dg e, Uni te d St at es Dis tri ct Co ur t fo r 1 th e Nor th ern Dis tri ct of I owa

.
-2

-pr ob at io n of fic er. Dev os de ni ed th at he us ed m et ha m ph et am in e de sp it e th e po si ti ve

res ul ts on th e swe at pa tc he s.

At th e rev oc at io n he ari n g , a n at io na ll y reco gn iz ed ex pe rt on swe at -p at ch

te st in g, as well as two pr ob at io n of fic ers te st ifi e d reg ard in g th e al le ga ti on s of

su pe rv is ed rel e a s e v io la ti on s at is su e. The di st ric t co ur t m ad e fact ua l fin di ng s th at
Dev os su bm it te d two di lu te d ur in e sa m pl es , ha d po si ti ve swe at pa tc he s du rin g th ree ti m e pe rio ds

, as so ci at ed wit h pe rs on s en ga ge d i n c r im in al act iv it y as al le ge d, an d
fai le d to tru th fu ll y an swe r in qu iri es by hi s pr ob at io n of fic er. Hav in g es ta bl is he d th e al le ga ti on s in th e pe ti ti on , th e co ur t di sc us se d se nt en ci ng op ti on s, co ns id ered th e 18
U.S.C. § 35 53 (a) fact or s, an d he ld th at a ret ur n to pr is on fo r twel ve m on th s fo ll owe d by a te rm of su pe rv is ed rel eas e was th e be st co ur se of act io n. In so ho ld in g th e co ur t
di sc us se d Dev os 's "ex tre m el y se rio us " cri m in al hi st or y , th e na tu re of hi s pr io r cri m es , hi s po te nt ia l ris k to ot he rs gi ve n ev id en ce of hi s po or tre at m en t of wom en es pe ci al ly,
hi s repe at ed dr ug us e an d v io la ti on s, an d h is ad di ti on al pr op en si ty to li e to th e ve ry
pe op le tas ke d wi th m on it or in g h is pro gr es s, am on g o th er l is te d fa ct or s.

Dev os ap pe al s th e di st ric t co ur t's rev oc at io n of hi s te rm of su pe rv is ed rel eas e, cl ai m in g th at in st ead of rev oc at io n, a m od ifi cat io n was th e be tt er co ur se fo r th e co ur t,

a l l o win g hi m to rem ai n on su pe rv is ed rel eas e bu t or de rin g hi m to at te nd m or e in te ns iv e dr ug tre at m en t. W e rev ie w th e di st ric t cou rt' s u nd erl y in g fa ct ua l fin di ng s fo r cl ear erro r an d it s de ci s i on to rev ok e Dev os 's te rm of su pe rv is ed rel eas e fo r an ab us e of di sc ret io n. Uni te d St at es v. Meyer, 48 3 F.3 d 86 5, 86 8 (8 th Ci r. 20 07 ). The

co ur t ab us es it s di sc ret io n whe n it fai ls to co ns id er a fact or th at sh ou ld ha ve rece iv ed
si gn ifi can t weig ht

, gi ve s si gn ifi can t w e i g h t to an im pr op er or irr el ev an t fact or , or

m ak es a cl ear erro r of jud gm en t. Uni te d St at es v. Goo do n, 74 2 F.3 d 37 3, 37 6 (8 th
Ci r. 20 14 ). Dev o s d o e s no t arg ue th at th e di st ric t co ur t fai le d to pr op erl y weig h

pa rti cu la r fact or s, no r do es he cl ai m th at th e ch arg es were fal se , bu t rat he r he arg ue s th at th e co ur t erre d in it s jud gm en t to rev ok e Dev o s ' s su pe rv is ed rel eas e in st ead of

m erel y m od ifyin g th e te rm s of th at rel eas e to in cl ud e m or e in te ns iv e dr ug tre at m en t.

-3

-Des pi te th e ex pe rt te st im on y reg ard in g th e po si ti ve m et ha m ph et am in e te st s, whi ch Dev os di d no t ch al le ng e, he pe rs is te nt ly m ai nt ai ns th at m et ha m ph et am in e us e is ou t of chara ct er fo r hi m an d d en ie s u si ng m et ha m ph et am in e. He is st ead fas t th at

m od ifi cat io n, no t rev oc at io n, was th e be st co ur se he re. Dev os is co rrec t th at va rio us

co nc ern s co ul d e qu al ly s up po rt m od ifi cat io n or rev oc at io n, b ut up on rev ie w of t hi s

reco rd

, in cl ud in g th e he ari ng tra ns cri pt an d th e di st ric t co ur t's co ll oq uy, we co nc lu de
th e di st ric t co ur t di d no t fai l to co ns id er a rel ev an t fact or th at sh ou ld ha ve rece iv ed
si gn ifi can t weig h t , g i v e s ig ni fic an t weig ht to an im pr op er or irr el ev an t fact or , or

co m m it a cl ear erro r of jud gm en t in weig hi ng th os e fact or s. The re was cert ai nl y no cl ear erro r in fin di ng Dev os vi ol at ed th e te rm s o f h i s s u pe rv is ed rel eas e an d at
bo tt om , gi ve n th e weig ht we affo rd th e de te rm in at io n of th e di st ric t co ur t, th ere was

no ab us e of di sc ret io n in rev ok in g Dev os 's su pe rv is ed rel eas e. Uni te d S t a t e s v

. Kob rig er, 82 5 F.3 d 49 5, 49 8 (8 th Ci r. 20 16 ) ("Th e fact th at th is co ur t [o r cert ai nl y th e de fen da nt hi ms e l f

] mi gh t reas on ab ly ha ve co nc lu de d th at a di ffer en t se nt en ce was be tt er su it ed is as su red ly i ns uf fic ie nt to jus ti fy rev e r s a l of th e di st ric t co ur t un de r a de fere nt ia l ab us e-o f-d is cret io n s ta nd ard .")

W e aff irm.

__

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

-4

-