# Patent

## Title
Fitting and method for manufacturing a fitting

## Abstract

A method for manufacturing a fitting. The method steps include: providing a pipe section; pressurizing the pipe section; forming a first end of the pipe section to create a press-fit connection having a smooth-walled seat for insertion of at least one of sealing and holding elements; forming a middle section to create a pipe-like polygonal-shaped element and a thickened section adjacent to the polygonal-shaped element; and cutting in a thread on a second end of the pipe section, thereby creating a fitting having a press-fit connection and threaded connection.

## Background
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a fitting for the connecting of pipes, comprising a press-fit connection provided with a ring-shaped seat for sealing and/or holding elements and which can be sealingly connected to an inserted pipe end by means of cold forming, and a threaded connection, which can be connected to a pipe by means of a threaded connection, as well as a method for manufacturing a fitting.
A method for manufacturing a metallic press-fitting element is known from DE 100 29 479 in which a solid or hollow bar is produced as the starting material for the press-fitting element that is machined. This way of manufacturing a press fitting is relatively costly, in particular the machining method produces waste products.
A method for the manufacture of press fittings is known from DE 43 36 261 in which a blank is initially deflected in a die and then the blank is upset to form circular grooves at various places. The wall sections are then rolled dimensionally accurate with a roller. This method can indeed be used to produce press fittings for a press-fit connection. Other connections, however, cannot be produced with this method.
A press-fittable fitting is known from DE 39 19 496 in which several connecting pieces are provided on one cast or pressed body. These connecting pieces are formed as press sections, which are connectable to a pipe end by means of pressing, wherein the connecting pieces are cemented or welded to the body. The mating of the connecting pieces to the body to create a fitting is relatively costly, however.
It is thus the object of the present invention to create a fitting and a method for manufacturing a fitting which facilitate the effective production of a fitting with different connection types.
The fitting according to the invention comprises a press-fit connection, on which there is formed a ring-shaped seat for sealing and/or holding elements and which is connectable to an inserted pipe end by means of cold forming. It also comprises a threaded connection, which is connectable to a pipe by means of a threaded connection, wherein the fitting is produced in a single piece by means of forming. The need to combine different sections by means of joining, such as cementing or welding, is thus avoided. The different connection types formed by a threaded connection or a press-fit connection can be produced by means of a few steps of a method. Depending on the requirements, the walls are shaped and thickened by means of forming in order to obtain a corresponding fitting profile with only minimal use of material.
Preferably, a polygon is formed adjacent to the threaded connection, preferably in the shape of a hexagon. Thus the fitting can be fixed to the threaded connection during assembly by means of known tools. The thread can be created as internal thread or external thread.
The fitting is made preferably from a material with good cold forming properties, such as copper or steel. To ensure good ductility, copper with a fineness of over 99.8% can be used, such as CO-DHP.
According to the method according to the invention, a pipe section is pressurized and formed on one end to create a press-fit connection with a smooth-walled seat for inserting sealing and/or holding elements, and a middle section is formed to create a pipe-shaped polygon while thickening individual sections, wherein a thread is subsequently rolled down or cut into a second end of the pipe section to create a fitting with a press-fit connection and a threaded connection. In the section of the thread, the wall thickness can also be thickened previously by forming, depending on the material thickness of the starting material. Forming can thereby take place both at room temperature as well as in a heated state.
The hydroforming method is preferably used to form the pipe section, in which forming takes place under pressure with a fluid. This forming technique is gentle on the material and permits both contour changes as well as material thickening. Cold forging can also be used, depending on the geometry of the part.
Other aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following descriptions when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a fitting according to the invention, and
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a fitting.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
A fitting 1 contains a press-fit connection 2, which contains a ring-shaped outward projecting bulb 3, by means of which an open seat 4 is created, in which a sealing ring can be inserted. A first cylindrical section 5 is created at the end of press-fit connection 2 and a second cylindrical section 6 is formed on the side of the bulb 3 facing the middle. A connection which can be formed by means of a pressing tool, in order to join an inserted pipe end permanently with the fitting 1.
The fitting 1 contains a threaded connection 10 on the side opposite the press-fit connection 2, which has a greater material thickness than press-fit connection 2. The threaded connection 10 has an external thread 11, adjacent to which there is a polygon 7. The polygon 7 takes the shape of a hexagon and contains on its outside circumference several surfaces 8 arranged at angles which are spaced from each other by edges 9.
In the embodiment of a fitting shown in FIG. 2, a modified press-fit connection 2′ is created, in other respects, however, the fitting is similar to the one shown in FIG. 1. The press-fit connection 2′ contains a ring-shaped seat 3′, which is U-shaped in cross-section and is terminated on the edge side by means of a web 5′ that extends radially inward. The seat 4′ is largely rectangular and is used to seat sealing and holding elements, like a cutting ring. In other respects, the press-fit connection 2′ can, however, be formed radially inward from the outside by means of pressing tools, in order to provide a permanent connection with an inserted pipe end.
The method used to produce the fitting takes place by means of hydroforming. In this method, a pipe section is pressurized and formed. In the area of the press-fit connection 2 or 2′ the corresponding geometry is produced, wherein the press-fit connection 2 and 2′ is formed smooth-walled with a more or less uniform wall thickness. On the opposite side the material is thickened by means of upsetting for the threaded connection 10 and the polygon 7 and the polygon contour is created. After the blank is finished, the external thread 11 is rolled or cut in. The method used for production can also take place by means of cold forging.
In the illustrated embodiments, an external thread 11 is provided on each threaded connection 10. It is, of course, also possible to provide for internal threads.
The fitting 1 is made preferably of high-purity copper, wherein other metallic materials, such as copper alloys or steel can also be used which are correspondingly formable.
Although the present disclosure has been described and illustrated in detail, it is to be clearly understood that this is done by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation. The scope of the present disclosure is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims.

## Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a fitting, the method steps comprising:
providing a pipe section;
pressurizing the pipe section;
forming a first end of the pipe section to create a press-fit connection having a smooth-walled seat for insertion of at least one of sealing and holding elements;
forming a middle section to create a pipe-like polygonal-shaped element and a pair of thickened sections, the thickening occurring in an area between the polygonal-shaped element and adjacent sections, and one of the adjacent sections being a second end of the pipe section; and
cutting in a thread on the second end of the thickened pipe section, thereby creating a fitting with a press-fit connection and a threaded connection.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein another adjacent section is the first end of the pipe section.

3. A method for manufacturing a fitting, the method steps comprising:
providing a pipe section;
pressurizing the pipe section;
forming a first end of the pipe section to create a press-fit connection having a smooth-walled seat for insertion of at least one of sealing and holding elements;
forming a middle section to create a pipe-like polygonal-shaped element and a pair of thickened sections, the thickening occurring by means of upsetting in an area between the polygonal-shaped element and adjacent sections, and one of the adjacent sections being a second end of the pipe section; and
cutting in a thread on the second end of the pipe section, thereby creating a fitting with a press-fit connection and a threaded connection.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, further comprising the step of creating the pipe section by hydroforming.

5. The method as claimed in claim 3, further comprising the step of creating the pipe section by cold forging.