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U.S. Department of Energy 

Clothes Washer National Energy Savings 

Spreadsheet Instructions 

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June 1999 

The Clothes Washer National Energy Savings Spreadsheet (NES) calculates the national 

energy, water and dollar savings from a clothes washer efficiency standard. The model uses input 

from the shipments model regarding washer purchases and compares the energy use between a 

baseline scenario and the standard case. 

The Welcome worksheet is the main user interface for NES calculations. When the user 

clicks on the Welcome worksheet tab, it brings up a user interface that can be run for different 

standard levels and scenarios for energy price projection, water price projection, start year, and 

discount rate. 

Basic Operating Instructions: 

1.. Once you have downloaded the NES file from the Web, open the file using Excel. At the 

bottom, click on the tab for the worksheet labeled "Welcome." 

2.. The screen will display two tables ("Energy Savings and Water Savings" and "Cost and 

Net Present Value") and a chart ("Cost and Savings of New Clothes Washers"). (Use 

Excel's "View/Zoom" commands to change the size of the display to make it fit your 

monitor.) 

3.. To run different scenarios or standards cases, simply select the energy price projection, 

standard, water price projection, and the start year from the appropriate list box. The 

result will be calculated immediately. 

4.. The user may also input values for the discount rate and the annual escalation of 

horizontal axis machines in the base case by directly typing the desired values into the 

appropriate input box, highlighted in yellow. Again, after the value is input (i.e. after you 

type the value and then hit <Enter>), the result will be calculated immediately. 

Using these steps you can explore the potential outcomes of a range of alternative assumptions. 

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 

'Vhat does the Clothes Washer NES Spreadsheet do? 

The clothes washer NES spreadsheet provides an estimate of the national energy, water, and 

monetary savings of different clothes washer efficiency standards. The spreadsheet uses estimates 

of future clothes washer sales and stock from the shipments model, and the chosen standard level 

(change in unit energy efficiency) to estimate potential energy savings from the standard by fuel 

type. It also calculates the dollar value of these savings year-by-year. It estimates the amount of 

energy that will be saved at the source by considering generation, transmission and distribution 

losses. It also calculates the monetary savings that can result from a standard and the net present 

value of such savings. 

'Vhat are the Worksheets in the Workbook? 

The worksheets in the workbook are as follows: 

Welcome 

This worksheet is the main user page. It provides four list boxes that allow the user to 

choose a range of scenarios, plus two additional input boxes (highlighted in yellow) where the 

user can type in desired input values directly. The user can choose the standard level, growth 

projections for energy prices and water prices, standard start year, discount rate, and the base 

case growth in market share of horizontal axis washers. Different elements of the national energy 

savings are illustrated, including total energy savings for each fuel type, the dollar value of energy 

and water savings, and the benefit/cost ratio for the standard case. 

Utility 

This worksheet summarizes the site energy (energy consumed at the point of use, in 

contrast to the point of supply) savings on an annual basis. 

Annual 

This worksheet shows the results of the NES calculation on a year-by-year basis. It 

presents the annual energy savings disaggregated by fuel type, and the annual calculation of the 

net savings in equipment and operating costs. 

Base Case 

The Base Case worksheet calculates the base case energy uses and monetary costs (i.e., 

what is projected to happen in the absence of an efficiency standard). The sheet contains the base 

case estimates of the population of washers in each age category and in each future year . It then 

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uses this information to calculate the base case energy consumption and operating cost for each 

foel type. It also computes the operating and equipment costs for each year. 

Standard Case 

Calculates the standard case energy uses and monetary costs. The sheet contains the 

estimates of the population of washers in each age category and each forecast year for the 

standard case selected by the user on the Welcome worksheet. It then uses this information to 

calculate the standard case energy consumption and operating cost for each fuel type. It also 

computes the operating and equipment costs for each year. 

Engineering 

This worksheet contains the data on prices, energy use, and water consumption for the 

clothes washers meeting different standard levels. 

Energy Price 

This worksheet contains the tables that provide the energy price data for different price 

projection scenarios. These scenarios include the Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) high-growth, 

low-growth and reference cases (http://www.eia.doe~gov/oiaf/aeo99/homepage.html). There is 

also an option for constant energy prices, and an estimate from the Gas Research Institute (GRI). 

Water Price 

This worksheet contains the price tables for the different water price scenarios. The high, . 

medium and low water price scenarios correspond to annual marginal water price escalation rates 

of 5.35%, 2.96%, and 0.46% respectively. These rates corresponded to the 80%, median, and 

20% values for a database of historical marginal water price escalation rates for the period of 

1986 to 1998. The database of historical water prices was obtained from a survey of water 

utilities. Details of the survey methods and results will be reported in Technical Support 

Document: Energy Efficiency Standards for Consumer Products: Clothes Washers. 

Shipments Summary 

This worksheet provides the tables of the population of clothes washers (in millions of 

units) for each age group, for each year, and for each standard level. These populations of clothes 

washers are obtained from the clothes washer shipments model. The shipments forecast 

calculation begins in 1953, in order to calibrate the shipments model to the historical data .. 

Saturation 

This worksheet contains tables of the relative market share for different fuel types for both 

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water heaters and clothes dryers. For simplicity, it was asswned that the relative saturation of the 

different fuel types for water heaters and clothes would remain constant at 1997 levels. Even 

though there is no year-to-year change in fuel saturations in the current version of the 

spreadsheet, having a table of values allows an advanced user to include year-to-year fuel 

saturation changes for both water heaters and clothes dryers. 

Site2Srce 

The worksheet contains the conversion factors from energy at the point of use to source 

energy. These conversion factors account for losses such as those that occur during generation, 

transmission and distribution. 

Setup 

This worksheet contains the data that represents the current scenario selected in the 

Vf elcome worksheet. These values change as the user selects different scenarios to calculate. 

How does the user operate the spreadsheet? 

The user operates the spreadsheet by going to the Welcome worksheet and choosing the 

parameters and selections for the scenarios of interest. The possible scenarios include the energy 

and water price scenarios, the standard start year, one of 9 possible standard levels, the discount 

rate, and the base case growth in the market share of horizontal axis washers. The results will be 

displayed in the chart on the Welcome worksheet and in the tables which detail changes in energy 

use and operating cost savings. 

\'\'hat kind of output does the spreadsheet generate? 

The spreadsheet provides output as charts, summary statistics, and detailed tables. Detailed 

tables of annual energy savings are provided in the Annual worksheet, while summary figures and 

charts are provided on the Welcome worksheet. 

\'\'hat does the chart entitled "Costs and Savings of Clothes Washers" illustrate? 

For each year from the standard start date to 2030, the "Costs and Savings of Clothes 

·washers" chart shows the additional cost (labeled "Price Change") to conswners to purchase the 

higher efficiency washers mandated by the standard, vs. the amount saved by conswners in 

reduced energy and water bills (labeled "Energy and Water Saving"). The net saving to 

conswners is the difference between the money saved in energy and water bills minus the 

additional money spent on higher efficiency washers. This net saving is shown as a red line 

.labeled "Net Saving" on this chart. 

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