11

- i 

### CHAPTER 11 . LIFE

- CYCLE COST SUBGROUP ANALYSIS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

11.1 INTRODUCTION

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 11

- 1

11.2 SUBGROUPS DEFINITION

................................ ................................ ...................... 11

- 1

11.2.1 Senior

- Only Households

................................ ................................ ............................. 11

- 1

11.2.2 Low

- Income Households

................................ ................................ ............................ 11

- 1

11.2.3 Multi

- Family Households

................................ ................................ ........................... 11

- 2

11.3 INPUTS TO THE LIFE

- CYCLE COST AND PAYBA CK PERIOD SUBGROUP

ANALYSIS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 11

- 2

11.4 RESULTS

................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 11

- 4

11.4.1 Senior

- Only

................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 11

- 4

11.4.2 Low

- Income

................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 11

- 6

11.4.3 Multi

- Family

................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 11

- 7

LIS T OF TABLES

Table 11.2.1 RECS 2005 Definitions of Low

- Income Households by Yearly Income

.......... 11

- 2

Table 11.3.1 Household Population

................................ ................................ ..................... 11

- 3

Table 11.3.2 Household Population for Compact Clothes Washer s

................................ ...... 11

- 3

Table 11.3.3 Weighted

- Average Annual Electricity Use for Top

- Loading Clothes

Washers

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 11

- 3

Table 11.3.4 Weighted

- Average Annual Electricity Use for Front

- Loading Clothes

Washers

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 11

- 3

Table 11.3.5 Weighted

- Average Annual Electricity Use for Top

- Loading Compact

Clothes Washers

................................ ................................ ............................. 11

- 4

Table 11.3.6 Weighted

- Average Annual Electricity Use for Front

- Loading Compact

Clothes Washers

................................ ................................ ............................. 11

- 4

Table 11.4.1 Top

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for Senior

- Only

Households

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 11

- 4

Table 11.4.2 Front

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for Senior

- Only

Households

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 11

- 5

Table 11.4.3 Compact Top

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for

Senior

- Only Households

................................ ................................ ................. 11

- 5

Table 11.4.4 Compact Front

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for

Senior

- Only Households

................................ ................................ ................. 11

- 5

Table 11.4.5 Top

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for Low

- Income

Households

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 11

- 6

Table 11.4.6 Front

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for Low

- Income

Households

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 11

- 6

Table 11.4.7 Compact Top

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for Low

Income Households

................................ ................................ ......................... 11

- 7

Table 11.4.8 Compact Front

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for Low

Income Households

................................ ................................ ......................... 11

- 711- ii 

### Table 11.4.9 Compact Top

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for Multi

Family Households

......................................................................................... 11-7

Table 11.4.10 Compact Front

- Loading Clothes Washers: LCC and PBP Results for

Multi

- Family Households

................................................................................ 11-811

- 1 

### CHAPTER 11. LIFE

- CYCLE COST SUBGROUP ANALYSIS

11.1 INTRODUCTION

Chapter 8 describes the life

- cycle c ost (LCC) and payback p eriod (PBP) analyse s that

examine impacts of energy conservation standards on the U.S. population. In analyzing the potential impact of new or amended standards on residential consumers, DOE further evaluates the impact on identifiable groups of consumers ( i.e. , subgroups) that may be disproportionately affected by a national standard level. The LCC subgroup analysis evaluates impacts by analyzing the LCC and PBPs for subgroups of residential consumers.

For clothes washers , DOE identified two consumer subgroups that warranted further study:
(a) households composed of people 65 years of age or older (senior

- only) ; and (b) households at or below the poverty line (low

- income)

. For the compact product classes, DOE identified multi

- family

households as an additional consumer subgroup.



### DOE determined the impact on consumer subgroups for clothes washers using the LCC Spreadsheet Model, which allows for the examination of particular consumer subgroups. DOE has the ability to use the LCC Spreadsheet Model to analyze the LCC for any subgroup by sampling only the data that apply to that subgroup ( Chapter 8 explains in detail the inputs to the

model u sed in determining LCC and PBPs)

. As described in section 11.3 , the energy use and energy price characteristics of the two subgroups (senior

- only and low

- income) are different than that for the general population. The occurrence of compact clothes washers is more likely in

multi

- family households.

This chapter describes the subgroup identification in further detail and gives the results of the LCC and PBP analyses for the considered subgroup s

.



### 11.2 SUB G ROUPS DEFINITION

11.2.1 Senior

- Only Households

Senior

- only households have occupants who are all at least 65 years of age. Based on the

DOE Energy Information Administration (EIA)’s Residential Energy Consumption Survey of 200 5
(RECS), senior

- only households comprise 17 percent of the country’s households

. 1



### 11.2.2 Low

- Income Households

As defined in the RECS survey, low

- income households are considered to be those at or below the “poverty line.” The “poverty line” varies with household size, head of household age, and family income. Table 11.2.1 summarizes the income level baselines for selecting low

income h ouseholds from the RECS sample. The RECS survey classifies 15 percent of the country’s households as low

- income.11

- 2 

### Table 11.2.1 RECS 200 5 Definitions of Low

- Income Households by Yearly Income Average Income in $

Household Size 48 Contiguous States

and D.C. Alaska Hawaii

1 9

, 570 11

, 950 11

, 010



### 2 12

, 830 16

, 030 14

, 760



### 3 16

, 090 20

, 100 18

, 510



### 4 19

, 350 24

, 190 22

, 260



### 5 22

, 610 28

, 270 26

, 010



### 6 25

, 870 32

, 350 29

, 760



### 7 29

, 130 36

, 430 33

, 510



### 8 32

, 390 40

, 510 37

, 260



### 9 35

, 650 44

, 590 41

, 010



### 10 38

, 910 48

, 670 44

, 760



### 11 42

, 170 52

, 750 48

, 510



### 12 45

, 430 56

, 830 52

, 260



### 13 48

, 690 60

, 910 56

, 010



### 14 51

, 950 64

, 990 59

, 760



### 15 55

, 210 69

, 070 63

, 510



### 11.2.3 Multi

- Family Households

As defined in the RECS survey, multi

- family households are considered to be structures with 2 or more housing units

. The RECS survey classifies 11 percent of the country’s households

as multi

- family

.

11.3 INPUTS TO THE LIFE

- CYCLE COST AND PAYBA CK PERIOD

SUB G ROUP ANALYSIS

DOE performed the consumer subgroup analysis by analyzing the LCC and PBP of

senior

- only, low

- inco me , multi

- family, and manufactured households with the spreadsheet

models used for the LCC and PBP analysis.

Table 11.3.1 and Table 11.3.2 summarize the household population for clothes washers

, while T ables 11.3. 3 through 11.3. 6 summarize the weighted

- average annual energy use for the households analyzed in the cons umer subgroup analyses

. 

### These values are compared against the weighted

- average values for the national sample

.11

- 3 

### Table 11.3.1 Household Population Top

- Loading Front

- Loading

Count Weight Count Weight

National 3311 84,104,261 299 7,687,965

Senior

- Only 536 14,550,533 37 1,081,370

Senior

- Only % 16% 17% 12% 14%

Low

- Income 480 9,992,587 15 330,033

Low

- Income % 14% 12% 5% 4%

Table 11.3.2 Household Population for Compact Clothes Washers Top

- Loading Front

- Loading

Count Weight Count Weight

Multi

- Family 352 9,239,079 26 616,010

Multi

- Family % 11% 11% 9% 8%

Table 11.3.3 Weighted

- Average Annual E lectricity Use for Top

- Loading Clothes

Washers

kWh/year All

Households Senior

- Only Low

Income

Baseline 728 448 684

CSL 1 734 453 676

CSL 2 541 333 502

CSL 3 526 326 498

CSL 4 519 321 493

CSL 5 455 306 477

CSL 6 462 284 438

CSL 7 431 265 401

CSL 8 425 262 396

Table 11.3.4 Weighted

- Average Annual E lectricity Use for Front

- Loading Clothes

Washers

kWh/year All

Households Senior

- Only Low

Income

Baseline 429 270 470

CSL 1 422 265 464

CSL 2 404 251 451

CSL 3 393 244 441

CSL 4 411 255 466

CSL 5 386 239 438

CSL 6 387 240 446

CSL 7 379 234 435

CSL 8 361 222 42111

- 4 

### Table 11.3.5 Weighted

- Average Annual E lectricity Use for Top

- Loading Compact

Clothes Washers

kWh/year All

Households Senior

- Only Low

Income Multi

Family

Baseline 509 311 477 387

CSL 1 392 240 358 293

CSL 2 294 188 272 226

Table 11.3.6 Weighted

- Average Annual E lectricity Use for Front

- Loading Compact

Clothes Washers

kWh/year All

Households Senior

- Only Low

Income Multi

Family

Baseline 306 199 349 292

CSL 1 280 175 325 266

11.4 RESULTS

Tables 11.4.1 through 11.4. 10 below summarize the LCC results for clothes washers . The LCC results provide the average installed price ; average lifetime operating cost (discounted) ; average life

- cycle cost ; average life

- cycle cost savings ; the percentage of consumers that are burdened with net costs, realize net savings, or are no t impact ed ; and the median payback period.



### 11.4.1 Senior

- Only

Table 11.4.1 Top

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for Senior

- Only

Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost ( 2010 $) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings ( 2010 $) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $414 $1,021 $1,435 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $418 $1,026 $1,443

- $4 30% 60% 11% 4.3

2 $425 $812 $1,237 $163 2% 19% 79% 0.6

3 $431 $862 $1,293 $115 19% 17% 64% 1.2

4 $437 $856 $1,293 $116 19% 16% 65% 1.6

5 $433 $830 $1,263 $142 10% 15% 75% 1.1

6 $448 $731 $1,179 $214 8% 14% 77% 1.4

7 $495 $619 $1,115 $275 19% 5% 77% 2.8

8 $508 $592 $1,099 $291 21% 0% 79% 3.1
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.11

- 5 

### Table 11.4.2 Front

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for Senior

- Only

Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost ( 2010 $) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings ( 2010 $) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $865 $785 $1,650 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $870 $778 $1,648 $0 0% 100% 0% NA

2 $867 $762 $1,629 $0 0% 100% 0% NA

3 $869 $722 $1,592 $0 0% 100% 0% NA

4 $873 $683 $1,557 $1 0% 96% 4% 1.4

5 $888 $595 $1,483 $22 3% 72% 25% 2.2

6 $919 $580 $1,500 $9 52% 23% 25% 17.8

7 $938 $565 $1,503 $6 60% 12% 28% 15.7

8 $964 $506 $1,470 $38 48% 0% 52% 8.7
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.



### Table 11.4.3 Compact Top

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for

Senior

- Only Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost ( 2010 $) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings ( 2010 $) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $419 $714 $1,132 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $425 $608 $1,034 $99 4% 0% 96% 0.8

2 $479 $490 $969 $163 27% 0% 73% 3.5
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.



### Table 11.4.4 Compact Front

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for

Senior

- Only Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost ( 2010 $) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings ( 2010 $) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $861 $479 $1,340 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $865 $434 $1,299 $41 0% 0% 100% 1.1
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.11

- 6 

### 11.4.2 Low

- Income

Table 11.4.5 Top

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for Low

- Income

Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost ( 2010 $) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings ( 2010 $) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $414 $1,484 $1,898 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $418 $1,484 $1,902

- $1 25% 60% 16% 2.8

2 $425 $1,181 $1,607 $240 2% 19% 79% 0.5

3 $432 $1,255 $1,686 $173 18% 17% 66% 0.9

4 $437 $1,249 $1,686 $173 18% 16% 66% 1.3

5 $433 $1,218 $1,651 $203 10% 15% 75% 0.9

6 $448 $1,069 $1,517 $319 6% 14% 80% 1.2

7 $496 $898 $1,394 $437 12% 5% 84% 2.2

8 $508 $856 $1,365 $466 14% 0% 86% 2.4
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.



### Table 11.4.6 Front

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for Low

- Income

Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost ( 2010 $) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings ( 2010 $) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $865 $1,240 $2,105 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $870 $1,231 $2,101 $0 0% 100% 0% NA

2 $866 $1,216 $2,083 $0 0% 100% 0% NA

3 $869 $1,150 $2,019 $0 0% 100% 0% NA

4 $873 $1,079 $1,952 $3 0% 96% 4% 1.2

5 $888 $939 $1,827 $36 2% 72% 26% 1.9

6 $919 $910 $1,830 $34 47% 23% 30% 13.6

7 $937 $887 $1,824 $39 54% 12% 34% 14.4

8 $964 $789 $1,753 $109 40% 0% 60% 7.7
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.11

- 7 

### Table 11.4.7 Compact Top

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for Low

Income Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost (2010$) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings (2010$) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $419 $1,040 $1,459 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $426 $884 $1,309 $150 3% 0% 97% 0.6

2 $480 $705 $1,184 $275 18% 0% 82% 2.7
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.



### Table 11.4.8 Compact Front

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for

Low

- Income Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost (2010$) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings (2010$) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $861 $756 $1,617 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $865 $694 $1,559 $57 0% 0% 100% 0.9
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.



### 11.4.3 Multi

- Family

Table 11.4.9 Compact Top

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for

Multi

- Family Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost (2010$) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings (2010$) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $419 $909 $1,328 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $426 $776 $1,201 $127 2% 0% 98% 0.6

2 $480 $621 $1,101 $227 16% 0% 84% 2.6
* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.11

- 8 

### Table 11.4.10 Compact Front

- Loading Clothes Washers : LCC and PBP Results for

Multi

- Family Households

CSL Life

- Cycle Cost (2010$) Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback

Period

Average

Installed

Price Average Operating

Cost Average

LCC Average Savings (2010$) Households with Median (years) Net

Cost No Impact* Net

Benefit

Baseline $860 $644 $1,504 NA 0% 100% 0% NA

1 $864 $592 $1,456 $48 0% 0% 100% 0.8

* “No impact” means that the base case product assigned to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected.11-9 

### R EFERENCES

1 

### U.S. Department of Energy

- Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy Consumption Survey: 2005 Public Use Data Files, 2005.

< http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/recspubuse05/pubuse05.html >