# CONTINENTAL PLACER INC. II Winners Circle • Albany, New York 12205 (518) 458-9203/ax (518) 458-9206 www.continentalplacer.com



# EXEMPTION REQUEST I_JNDER SECT,ON 333 OF THE FAA REFORM ACT AND PART II OF THE FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS

Prepared for: U.S. Department ofTransportation Docket Management System

1200 NewJersey Ave., SE Washington, D.C. 20590

Prepared by: Continental PlacerInc.

August 11, 2015

GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

# CONTINENTAL PLACER INC. II Winners Circle • Albany, NewYork 12205 (518) 458-9203 fax (518) 458-9206 www.continentalplacer.com



# EXEMPTION REQUEST UNDER SECTION 333 OF THE FAA REFORM ACT AND PART II OF THE FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS

Prepared for: U.S. DepartmentofTransportation DocketManagement System

1200NewJerseyAve., SE Washington, D.C. 20590

Preparedby: Continental PlacerInc.

August 11, 2015

GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

# " CONTINENTAL PLACER INC.

August 11,2015 II Winners Circle • Albany, NewYork 12205 (518) 458-9203fax (518) 458-9206 www.continentalplacer.com

U.S. Department ofTransportation Docket Management System 1200NewJersey Ave., SE Washington, DC 20590 Re: Exemption Request Under Section 333 ofthe FAA Reform Act and Part 11 ofthe Federal Aviation Regulations DearMadam, Sir, Pursuant to Section 333 ofthe FAA Modernization and Reform Act of2012 (the "Reform Act") and 14 C.P.R. Part 11, Continental Placer Inc. ("Continental Placer Inc."), an operator of the eBee Unmanned Aircraft System ("eBee") seeks an exemption from the Federal Aviation Regulations ("PARs") listed below: 

# • 14 C.P.R. 21 

# • 14 C.P.R. 45.23 

# • 14 C.F.R45.29 

# • 14 C.P.R. 61.133(a) 

# • 14 C.P.R. 91.7(b) 

# • 14 C.P.R. 91.9(b)(2) 

# • 14 C.P.R. 91.109(a) 

# • 14 C.P.R. 91.119 

# • 14 C.P.R. 91.151(a) 

# • 14 C.P.R. 91.203(a) & (b) 

# • 14 CFR SubpartE (91.401- 91.417) The requested exemption would authorize commercial operations using the eBee for mapping and survey applications. These operations will be subject to strict operating requirements defined in the eBee user manual, which can be found in Appendix A (Continental Placer Inc. requests the FAA treat the eBee training program as proprietary under 14 C.F.R. 11.35(b) and do not include this document in the public docket) and conditions defined by the Safety Code ofthe Academy ofModel Aeronautics (see Appendix B), in orderto ensure at least an equivalent level ofsafety to currently authorized operations using manned aircrafts. The eBee will be operatedby an individual who will fulfill the following requirement:
• Has successfully passed a manufacturer's training program for the eBee; Continental Placer Inc
.. requests the FAA treat the eBee training program as proprietaryunder 14 C.P.R. 11.35(b) and does not include this document in the public docket. 

### 1. CHARACTERISTICS OFTHEAIRCRAFT The eBee is a small (37.8 inches wingspan) and ultra-light (maximum take-off weight of 1.7 pounds) platform made offlexible foam that performs pre-programmedprecision aerial mapping missions thanks to

GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESContinental PlacerInc. Exemption Request Under Section 333 August 11, 2015 Pg.2 the on-board GPS and the related flight management software (eMotion) that allows the operator to plan safely and efficiently a mission in 3D, and then monitor it in real-time. Thanks to the embedded camera, protected by a foam envelope, the eBee takes a collection ofhigh-definition still images that are used later to generate maps and contour lines ofthe surveyed area. The four main characteristics ofthe eBee are:
a. Very light weight The eBee is so light that the operator can launch it by hand and let it land on almost any surface without requiring a parachute or landing net (belly land). Its low impact energy (38 J in case of a controlled emergency landing) also significantly reduces the risk ofhazardous situations. Finally, the wings ofthe eBee are detachable and made of flexible foam with no sharp or hard edges and almost no internal strengthening structure. b. Electric-powered The eBee is electric powered. A brushless engine technology makes it silent and reliable. The propeller is attached with a rubber band to the body ofthe plane so that it can easily flex away in case ofcontact with any object.
c. Semi-automatic flight The artificial intelligence incorporated within the eBee autopilot system continuously analyzes data from the Inertial Measurement Unit and from the onboard GPS and takes care ofall the aspects ofthe flight underthe supervision ofthe operator. d. Option for Manual control Additionally, the eBee provides an override capability that allows the operator to take manual actions during the flight (Go to Home, Go Land, Hold and Resume the mission) and also suspend automated operations and take manual control of the aircraft should it become necessary to respond emergent circumstances, thanks to the remote controllerprovided with the system. 2. APPLICATIONS The eBee will be used to map for natural resources, topography, as-built construction conditions and progress, quarry and mining operations (noncongested areas), demonstrations and crew training. 3. APPLICABLE LEGAL STANDARD UNDER SECTION333
a. Airworthiness assessment ofthe eBee (see Appendix C) Continental Placer Inc. notes that the airworthiness ofthe eBee has already been demonstrated for different projects in the United States, involving state/federal agencies or universities (among others the New Mexico State University: https:!/newscenter.nmsu.edu/Articles/view/]0208/nmsu-uas-flight-test-centerconducts-ebee-airworthiness-assessment, and the USACE New Orleans, who coordinated with the Department ofArmy and the FAAto obtain all authorizations required in orderto operate the eBee UAS).

GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESContinental PlacerInc. Exemption Request Under Section 333 August II, 2015 Pg. 3 Moreover, SenseFly obtained flight approvals for the eBee (delivered bynational civil aviation authorities) in many countries, among others:
• Switzerland (flight approval for VLOS operations) • Canada (flight approval for VLOS operations) • Australia (flight approval for VLOS operations) • France (flight approval for Extended-VLOS operations) • Germany (flight approval for VLOS operations) • United Kingdom (flight approval for VLOS operations) • Norway (flight approval for VLOS operations) • Sweden (flight approval for VLOS operations) • Denmark (flight approval for VLOS operations) b. Operatingrequirements Grant ofthe exemption to Continental Placer Inc. for the eBee will be subject to the following operating conditions, based on the operating conditions set forth by the Academy of Model Aeronautics (see Appendix B). The mainrestrictions are summarizedbelow:
• Operations to be conducted overprivate, controlled-access, orpublic property where approved; • Permission from the land owner/authorityrequired before commencing any flight; • Operations overcongested areas shall be avoided; • Operations must not interfere with manned aircraft operations, must yield the right of way to manned aircraft, and operators must See & Avoid other aircraft and obstacles at all times • Operations limited to Visual FlightRules Meteorological Conditions (VMC) and daylight hours • Aircraft operations must remain within Visual Line of Sight (VLOS) and will be visually monitored at all times; • VLOS guaranteedwith a GPS geo-fence around operatorof0.5 miles • Flight ceilingpre-programed at400 feet; • All operations conducted within 5 miles from an airport shall only be initiated after verbal coordination with the airport authority, or air traffic control when a control tower is present at the airport; • All operations shall comply with required permissions and permits established by territorial, state, county or city jurisdictions; including local law enforcement, fire, or other appropriate governmental agencies. • The eBee operations will be compliant with existing safety procedures inherent to the activities of the related company.

GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESContinental PlacerInc. Exemption Request Under Section 333 August 11, 2015 Pg.4 

### 3. CONCLUSION Continental Placer Inc. is a geologic and environmental consulting company. Our services save ourclients time and money giving the ability for them to make better decisions. The eBee is safer than having Continental Placer Inc.'s employees out in the field for specific projects, and also very safe for other aircrafts because ofthe mission specifications (below 400ft.) and eBee integrated safety features. We are prepared to modify or amend any part ofthis request to satisfy the need for an equivalent level of safety. We look forward to working with your office. Please contact us at any time if you require additional information orclarification. Respectfully Submitted, CONTINENTAL PLACERINC.

BrentJ. Tardif, PG President Attached

GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESContinental PlacerInc. Exemption Request Under Section 333 August 11, 2015 Pg. 5 EXEMPTION REQUEST AND EQUIVALENT LEVEL OF SAFETY SHOWINGS UNDER APPLICABLERULES SUBJECTTOEXEMPTION Continental Placer Inc. requests an exemption from the following regulations as well as any additional regulations thatmaytechnically apply to the operation ofthe eBee: 14 C.F.R. Part21, SubpartH: Airworthiness Certificates 14 CFR 

### § 91.203(a)(1) Section 91.203 requires all civil aircraft to have a certificate ofairworthiness. Part 21, Subpart H, entitled Airworthiness Certificates, establishes the procedural requirements for the issuance of airworthiness certificates as requiredbyFAR§ 91.203(a). Given the size oftheeBee, its very lightweight (the maximum take-off weight is 1.7 pounds) and the limited operating area associated with its utilization, it is unnecessary to go through the certificate of airworthiness process under Part 21 Subpart H in order to achieve orexceed current safety levels. Such an exemption meets the requirements ofan equivalent level ofsafety under Part 11 and Section 333 ofthe Reform Act. The Federal Aviation Act and Section 333 ofthe Reform Act both authorize the FAA to exempt aircraft from the requirement for an airworthiness certificate, upon consideration ofthe size, weight, speed, operational capability, and proximity to airports and populated areas ofthe UAS involved. An analysis of these different criteria demonstrates that the eBee operated without an airworthiness certificate, under the conditions proposed in that exemption, will be at least as safe, or safer, than a conventional aircraft with an airworthiness certificate. A proprietary risk assessment for operations with the eBee, which demonstrates that assertion, is also being submitted to the FAA as part of this application.Continental Placder Inc. requests the FAA treat the eBee risk assessment as proprietary under 14 C.F.R. 11.35(b) and not include this document in the public docket.
14 C.F.R. 

### §45.23 & 14C.F.R. 

### § 45.29: Display ofmarks; size ofmarks These regulations provide that each aircraft must display "N" and the aircraft's registration number in letters at least 3 inches high. Additionally, the aircraft must display the word "EXPERIMENTAL" in letters at least 2 inches high nearthe entrance to the cabin, cockpit, orpilot station. Given the size ofthe eBee (wingspan of37.8 inches), this requirement is impossible to match. 14 C.F.R. 

### § 91.7(a): Civil aircraft airworthiness This regulation requires that no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in airworthy condition. Should the exemption be granted allowing commercial operation ofthe eBee without an airworthiness certificate, no standard will exist for airworthiness of the eBee. Given the size of the aircraft and the previous airworthiness assessments given to the eBee, among others:
• New Mexico State University: https://newscenter.nmsu.edu/Articles/view/]0208/nmsu-uas-tlighttest-center-conducts-ebee-ai•worthiness-assessment.
• USACE New Orleans, who coordinated with the Department ofArmy and the FAA to obtain all authorizations required in order to operate the eBee UAS for levee system monitoring, documentation ofconstruction progress, and extensive oblique photography ofUSACE structures & activities. GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESContinental PlacerInc. Exemption Request Under Section 333 August 11, 2015 Pg.6
An equivalent level ofsafety will be achieved by insuring compliance with the SenseFly manuals prior to each flight. 14 C.F.R. 

### §91.9: Civil aircraftflight manual, marking, andplacardrequirements. This regulation provides that no person may operate an aircraft unless a current, approved flight manual is in the aircraft. Continental Placer Inc. assumes that the intent ofthis requirement is to ensure that flight manual information is available to the aircrew while operating the aircraft. Continental Placer Inc. requests an exemption to this requirement since the aircraft is not only too small to carry documentation, the documentationwould notbe available to the crew. The equivalent level ofsafety will be achieved by keeping a hard copy ofthe flight manual in the eBee transportation box. 14 C.F.R. 

### § 91.109(a) & 91.319(a)(l): FlightInstruction The regulation provides that "No person may operate a civil aircraft that is being used for flight instruction unless that aircraft has fully functioning dual controls." Flight instruction will be accomplished through an elaborated training program, using first the simulation mode ofthe flight management software eMotion (see Appendix E). The equivalent level ofsafety during the training will be achieved by the manufacturer or authorized distributor providing the training and through the use ofexperienced and qualified operators familiar withthe eBee. 14 CFR 

### § 91.119: Minimum Safe Altitudes The regulation provides that over sparsely populated areas the aircraft cannot be operated closer than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure. Since the aircraft will be operating at a maximum of400 feet AGL, the eBee cannot comply with this requirement. The equivalent level ofsafety will be achieved because the eBee will only fly over private property with the permission ofthe landowner. The operator will define before every flight a working area radius and a flight area ceiling, preventing the eBee to go beyond the flight area. The landowner and the persons who may be on the ground in the flight area will be briefed ofthe expected route offlight and the associated risks to persons and property on the ground. Due to the small size ofthe eBee and the material with which the eBee is built, the hazard to persons, vessels, vehicles, and structures is not comparable to manned aircraft and should be considered in granting the exemption. Moreover, the aircraft will not be operated over congested areas or over any open-air assembly ofpersons. The aircraft will be operated at an altitude allowing, ifa power unit fails, an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons orproperty onthe surface. 14 CFR91.121 -Altimetersettings This section requires that each person operating an aircraft shall maintain the cruising altitude or flight level ofthat aircraft, as the case may be, by reference to an altimeter that is set, when operating below 18,000 feet MSL to:
• The current reported altimeter setting ofa station along the route and within 1 00 nautical miles of
GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESContinental PlacerInc. Exemption Request Under Section 333 August II, 2015 Pg. 7 the aircraft; • Ifthere is no station within the area prescribed in paragraph (a)(l)(i) ofthis section, the current reported altimeter setting ofan appropriate available station; • In the case of an aircraft not equipped with a radio, the elevation of the departure airport or an appropriate altimeter setting available before departure. To provide an equivalent level ofsafety, the eBee autopilot calculates the reference altitude (ground level) with the on-board GPS during the pre-flight tests. The GPS and barometer data are merged with respect to their respective precisions. The GPS provides reliable information to correct potential barometric bias, while rapid variations in altitude are detected through the barometer. Hence, barometric bias induced by environmental factors is rejected. 14 C.F.R. § 91.15l(a): Fuel Requirements for Flight in VFR Conditions The regulation provides that no person may begin a flight in an airplane under day-VFR conditions unless there is enough fuel to fly to the first point ofintended landing and to fly afterthat for at least 30 minutes. Given the area ofoperation for the eBee, Continental Placer Inc. believes that an equivalent level ofsafety is already achieved with the specific procedure preventing the eBee to accept a take-offorder ifthe battery level is below a given value. Moreover, SenseFly has integrated "low" and "critical" battery level warnings and implemented a "return to Home" (and "Go Land") actions in these situations. 14 C.F.R. § 91.203 (a) & (b): Carrying CivilAircraft Certification and Registration This regulation provides as follows: • No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it has an appropriate and current airworthiness certificate. • No person may operate a civil aircraft unless the airworthiness certificate required by paragraph (a) ofthis section or a special flight authorization issued under §91.715 is displayed at the cabin or cockpit entrance so that it is legible to passengers orcrew. The eBee weighs only 1.7 pounds (max take-off weight). As such, there is no ability or place to carry certification and registration documents or to display them on the UAS. In addition, there is no pilot or passengers onboard the aircraft. To obtain an equivalent level ofsafety and meet the intent of91.203, Continental Placer Inc. propose that documents deemed appropriate for this aircraft by the FAA will be co-located with the operator at the ground control station in the eBee box and available for inspection upon request 14 CFR SubpartE (91.401- 91.417)- Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations The regulation provides that the operator is primarily responsible for maintaining the aircraft in an airworthy condition, including compliance with Parts 39 and 43. Paragraphs 91.407 and 91.409 require that the aircraft be "approved for return to service by a person authorized under 43.7" after maintenance and inspection. Section 91.409(a)(2) requires an annual inspection for the issuance of an airworthiness certificate. Section 91.417(a) requires the owner or operator to keep records showing certain maintenance work that has been accomplished by certificated mechanics, under Part 43, or licensed pilots and records of approval ofthe aircraft for return to service. Continental Placer Inc. proposes that the maintenance of the eBee will be accomplished by the
GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESContinental PlacerInc. Exemption Request Under Section 333 August 11,2015 Pg.8 

### owner/operator according to the maintenance manual, provided by SenseFly (see Appendix D). Continental Placer Inc. requests the FAA treat the eBee training program as proprietary under 14 C.F.R. 11.35(b) and not include this document in the public docket. An 

### equivalent level of safety will be achieved because the eBee is small in size, it is not a complex mechanical device, it will carry no external payload, and it will operate only in restricted predetermined areas. Moreover, the operator is the person most familiar with the aircraft and is best suited to maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition and to ensure an equivalent level ofsafety. Finally, before every flight, the eBee runs automatically a sequence ofpre-flight tests to make sure that every sensor and every critical part is running properly. If a problem is detected, the eBee will not be able to be switched-on and a message error is displayed on the main screen ofthe flight management software. The operator can then refer to the maintenance manual to troubleshoot this issue. Several parts of the eBee are easily interchangeable (propellers, wings), which allows the operator to make sure the wings and propulsion system are always airworthy when a mission is initiated.

GEOLOGIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

## APPENDIX A. eBee UserManual B. Academy ofModelAeronautics Safety Code C. AirWorthiness and SafetyAssessment D. MaintenanceProcedures E. TrainingDocumentation

## APPENDIXA eBee UserManual



# n

# --------senseFly Extended User Manual eBee and eBee Ag Revision 14 

### I December 2014 Copyright© 2010-2015 senseFiy Ltd



# "-V- 

# senseFiy

a

### Parrotcompany

## GENERAL INFORMATION
READ THIS USER MANUALCAREFULLY BEFORE USING ASENSEFLY LTD PRODUCT. senseFiy Ltd products are intendedfor professional use only. 

## Applicable Regulations senseFiy ltd products are subject to Civil Aviation regulations. Regulations may vary depending on the country where you intend tooperate your product. ANY USEOF SENSEFLYLTD PRODUCTS IN BREACH OFTHE LAWOFTHECOUNTRYWHEREYOUOPERATETHE PRODUCT IS UNDERYOUR SOLE RESPONSIBILITY. INFORM YOURSELF BEFORE USING THE PRODUCT. SOME COUNTRIES MAY HAVE LAWS THAT LIMITTHE USE OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFTTO 'LINE-OF-SIGHT' OPERATIONS AND/OR PROHIBITTHE USE OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFTAT ALL OR IN SPECIFIC AREAS. 

## Privacy Recording and circulating an image ofan individual may constitute an infringement oftheir image and privacyfor which you can be liable. Askforauthorization beforetaking pictures ofan individual, particularly ifyou wantto keep your recordings and/or circulate images on the Web or any other medium. Do not circulate degrading images or ones that could undermine the reputation ordignity ofan individual. Checkthat your use ofthe cameras on board senseFiy ltd products comply with the legal provision on privacy in the countrywhere you operate your product. 

## Limited Warranty SenseFiy ltdwarrants thatthe product will befree from defects in material and workmanshipforaperiod oftwelve (12) months from the date ofdelivery. SenseFiy ltdfurther warrants thatthe product will perform substantially in accordance with its specification. During the warranty period senseFiy ltd's sole liability shall be at senseFiy ltd's sole option, eitherto repairorto replace the defective productwith another product oraproduct with similarspecifications, at no charge, orto reimburse the purchase price ofthe product, orifrepair or replacement is not possible, issue acredit note; provided however, that the defect has been confirmed by senseFiy ltd and that the defective product is returned to senseFiy ltd in accordance with the support and repairform togetherwith all required flight logfiles. Warranty does not apply, without limitation, in case: a) the products are not stored and used according to their specifications, b) the products are damaged due to carelessness, negligence, or wrong use by the user, and c) for defects due to normal wear and tear including, but not limited to, deterioration to the airframe after first flight, normal degradation, misuse, moisture or liquids, proximity or exposure to heat, accidents, excessive strain, abuse, neglect, misapplication, repairs ormodifications made bythird partyotherthan senseFiyltd,damagedueto manual operation,damageduetotake-offorlanding locationwith obstacles, damagedueto lowaltitudeflight,damagedue to loss ofdata radio connection, damage due to strong wind, rain or humidity, orothercauses forwhich senseFly ltd has nocontrol.THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY IMPLIEDWARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITYOR FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND OF ANY OTHER OBLIGATION ON THE PART OF SENSEFLY LTD. 

## Limitation of liability
TO THE EXTENT PERMITIED BYAPPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENTWILL SENSEFLY LTD BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF REVENUE, LOSS OF PROFIT, LOSS OF DATA, OR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF SENSEFLY LTD HAS BEEN NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND WHETHER THIS LIABILITY ARISES FROM ACLAIM BASED ON CONTRACT, WARRANTY, TORT OR OTHERWISE, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF GROSS NEGLIGENCE AND DEATH. YOU SHALL AT ALL TIMES OPERATE THE PRODUCT IN AREAS OR UNDER CIRCUMSTANCES SO AS TO GUARANTY SECURITYAND SAFETY OF PEOPLE, PROPERTYAND ANIMALS. 

## FCC and iC Compliance statement :**~** This device complies with part 1 Softhe FCC Rules and IndustryCanada License-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject tothe following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and 2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Changes or modifications not expressly approved bythe party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for aclass Bdigital device, pursuant to part 15 ofthe FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide a reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, ifnot installed and uses in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guaranteethat interferencewill notoccur in aparticularinstallation. Ifthis equipmentdoes cause harmful interference to radio ortelevision reception, wich can be determined byturning the equipment offand on, the user is encouraged to tryto correct the interference by one or more ofthe following measures:
1. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna 2. Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver 3. Connectthe equipment into aan outlet on acircuit differentfrom thattowhich the receiver is connected 4. Consult the dealer oran experienced radio/TV technician for help.This Class Bdigital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003. This equipment complies with FCC's radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment underthe following conditions: 1. This equipment should be installed and operated such that a minimum separation distance of 20cm is maintained between the radiator (antenna) and user's/nearby person's body at all times. 2. This transmitter must not be co-located oroperating in conjunction with any otherantenna ortransmitter. 

## Disposal ofthis product at the end ofits life**~** At the end ofthis product's life, please do not dispose ofthis product in your general household waste. 

## A Instead, in orderto prevent possible harm to the environment or human health from uncontrolled waste disposal, please dispose ofthis product separately in accordance with your local laws and regulation. For 

# - more information on the separate collection systems for waste electrical and electronic equipment that are available for consumers, nearyour home, free ofcharge, please contact your local municipal authority. You can also contact senseFiy Ltd or the reseller from which you purchased your drone who may provide recycling services or be part ofarecycling scheme. 

## Copyrights senseFiy Ltd reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions contained in this document at anytime without notice. Please consult www.sensefly.com forthe latest release. Copyright©2015 senseFly Ltd. All rights reserved. REPRODUCTION, USE OR DISCLOSURE OF ALL OR IN PARTOFTHIS MANUALTOTHIRD PARTIES WITHOUTTHE PRIOR WRITIEN PERMISSION OF SENSEFLY LTD IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED.

## Address sensefly Ltd Route de Geneve 38 1033 Cheseaux-Lausanne Switzerland Website: http:/ /www.sensetly.com 

## Technical support Ifyou have questions about any ofyoursenseFiy products:
• Try our Knowledge Base. You can find itwithin my.senseFiy {http://my.sensefly.com). • Send an email to support@sensetly.com.

# Welcome to your eBee

Congratulations on your purchase ofthe eBee, 

### acomplex and powerful yet intuitiveautonomous mapping system. We take greatcareto develop and designthe best possible hardwareand softwaretoolsforquick, high-qualityand easy-to-use 20 and 3D aerial mapping.



# 0 Note: This manual referstotheversion 2.4ofeMotion

### andversion 3.2 of Postflight Terra 3D 

### software. Checkthe software version included in your package and consultthe Release Notesfor potential changes included in more recentversions ofthe software.

# Package contents

eBee battery

packs spare propeller
remote control, cables and

propeller attachment bands
ground modem



## EPP glue

wing eBee 

### central body wing User manual battery charger

eBee battery charger cable

camera charger

camera

### The standard 

### eBee package contains the following items:
• 1x carrying case with foam protection • 1 x

### eBeecentral bodywith built-in autopilot • 1x pair ofdetachable wings • 1xspare propeller • 1 Ox spare propeller attachment rubber bands • 2x Lithium-Polymer battery packs • 1 x Lithium-Polymer battery charger (including cables) • 1 x2.4 GHz USB ground modem (FCC 

## 10: 2AC2VGMEBEE) for radio data link (including USB cable) • 1x2.4 GHz remote control (including including 3AA batteries) • 1xstill camera (including memory card, battery and charger) • 1 xUSB cable for interfacing with camera and on-board autopilot • 1x EPP glue • 1 x

### eBee User Manual • 1 xcamera User Manual Depending on your order, your package may also include other items, such as additional payloads. Please verify upon delivery that your package is complete. In case ofamissing item, please contact your 

### eBee reseller immediately. 

# 0 Note: 

### Camera user manuals are also available to download from our Knowledge Base, part ofmy.senseFiy*. * http:/ /my.sensefly.com

# Hardwarefeatures

sensor

Bottomface of the central body**-=====~=-** 

### Detachable wing


### The eBee 

### is an autonomous flying drone comprised ofthe following components:

• Central 

## body: This is the core ofthe eBee 

### and includes all the electronics, actuators and communications hardware on-board the drone.
• Wing: 

### The two wings ofthe eBee 

### are detachable for storage and replacement. Each wing hastwowing struts and twoclipsto hold itin placewithin the central body.

### • Winglets: These structures add aerodynamic stabilitytothe drone while it is in flight. 

### • Ailerons: Used to control the eBeewhile in flight. 

### • Servo connection mechanism: The ailerons are connected to the servomotorswithinthe central bodyofthe dronethroughthis connection mechanism. 

### • Propeller: Used to generate thrust while it is in flight. 

### Caution: When attached to the motor the propeller spins at high speeds and can be potentiallydangerous if itcomes intocontactwith exposed skin. Besuretoalways keepyourhandsclearofthe propeller when the battery is attached to the eBee.



### • Battery compartment: The eBee is powered by a LiPo (Lithium Polymer) battery stored within the battery compartment. 

### Caution: Propercare ofyour battery is essential. Please read section 'Properbatterycare' on page 140 before using yourdroneforthefirst time.



### • Cameracompartment: Thee8eefeaturesabuilt-incamerafortaking aerial images stored within the camera compartment. 

### • Data LinkAntenna: Used bythe drone to communicate with the eMotion 

### software through the USB ground modem. 

### • Pitot probe: This is the sensor used by the eBeeto detect airspeed, wind and altitude. It must be kept clean and clear of obstructions to function properly. 

### • Status LED: This coloured LED displays the current state ofthe eBee. It is housed underneath the pitot probe and thus illuminates the entire transparent probe in various colours depending on the drone's state.

### • Ground sensor: The ground sensor, composed of a high-speed optical sensor and lens assembly, is used to detect the proximity ofthe ground.

# Softwarefeatures The eBee package allows you to download and use eMotion* and PostflightTerra 30*t 

### at no extra cost. 

# eMotion 2 senseF/y

eMotion is the integrated software package that allows you to interact with your eBee. Its easy-to-use interface allows you to plan amapping flight intuitivelyfrom the comfort ofyour office ordirectly in the field. Once the drone is launched, you can use eMotion'swireless connection with youreBeetotrackits position, monitor the progress ofyour mapping flight and send commands ifdesired. 

# Postflight ,.

# !t' Terra .. Powered

## byPix40

# ~ Once your eBee returns after an aerial mapping flight it is the turn of Postflight Terra 30to process the captured images fully automatically. PostflightTerra 30 is afull-featured mapping solution: withjust afew mouse clicks it can create highqualitygeo-referenced 20and 3Dorthomosaics and digitalelevation/surface models (DEM/DSM}. Whileyou are still in the field PostflightTerra 30analysesthe qualityofthecaptured imagesand generatesan easyto understand report, lettingyou know immediately ifthe data you captured meets your mapping requirements.

* 

### Softwareaccess terms and conditions apply t PostflightTerra 3D works with eBee images only

# Contents

Quickstart guide 19 1 Planning and simulating aflight 20 1.1 Installing 

### eMotion, Postflight Terra 30, and the ground modem drivers
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1.2 The 

### eMotion interface

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.3 Creating a newflight plan
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 1.4 The mission phase ofaflight

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 1.5 Simulating yourflight

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 1.6 Getting readyfor amission 

### 2 Executing aflight 2.1 Weather check
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Preparing the 

### eBeefor flight

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 The setup phase ofaflight

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Take-off

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 In-flight monitoring and control
................. . 2.6 Landing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 Potential in-flight errors 

### 3 Processing image data 

## 27 29 

## 29 30 

### 39 43 46 

## 48 48 50 3.1 Importing images and flight data
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.2 In-field image quality check
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 

### 3.3 Creating advanced mapping products
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

## II 

# Advancedfunctionalities 57 4 Understanding aerial mapping with the 

### eBee 58 4.1 Waypoints and their properties
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 4.2 Advanced polygonal mission area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 3D mission planning using elevation data
. . . . . . . Flightvisualization in 

### Google EarthTM
........ . Autonomous controller and modes offlight

. . . Linear landing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

### 63 66 68 72 4.7 Flying multiple drones at the same time
. . . . . . . . . . . . 77 4.8 Individual photo targets and oblique imagery
. . . . . . . . . 83 4.9 Emergency Manoeuvres 

### 5 

### eMotion in-depth guide 5.1 Toolbar
........................ . 85 

### 89 90 5.2 Simulator

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 5.3 Control Bar
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 5.4 Flight Monitoring tab
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 5.5 Setup Phase tab
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 5.6 Mission Planning tab
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 5.7 Mission Waypoints tab
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 5.8 Camera tab
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 5.9 Flight Parameters tab
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 

### 6 Manual control ofthe 

### eBee 6.1 

### 6.2 Enabling manual control
. . . Pre-flight testing ofthe remote control
....... . 

### 126 126 128

### 6.3 Full Manual mode
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 6.4 Assisted Manual mode
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

# "' Ill Maintenance, Repair and Troubleshooting 133 7 Maintenanceand repair ofthe 

### eBee 134 

### 7.1 Updating the eBee

### software

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 7.2 Cleaning and storage
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 7.3 Full airframe and sensor inspection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 7.4 Repairing the eBee

### airframe

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 7.5 Proper battery care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 8 Troubleshooting 143



# IV 8.1 Pre-flight errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 Take-offvetoes

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 In-flightwarnings
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Critical failures

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Resetting default camera settings
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Improving radio signal communication
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Losing and locating your eBee 

### in the field

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Reporting aproblem with your eBee
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

### 166 

## Specifications 167 1 Software requirements 168 

### 2 Drone specifications 169

# Part I 

# Quickstart guide
The first part ofthis document introduces you to the eBeeand contains the basic informationyou will needto plan and execute asimple mapping project. Atypical mapping project can be divided intothree main phases: 1. Planning and simulating aflight: Every project begins with careful planning, whether it is a quick flight over a small area or a multi-stage flight in complex terrain. Section 'Planning and simulating aflight' on the next page describes howto usethe Mission Planning featureto quicklygenerate aflight plan and to test it using the built-in simulator. 2. Executing aflight: Once planning is complete, it is time for the drone to perform its flight. In section 'Executing aflight' on page 29 you will learn howto prepare your drone forflight, connect itto eMotion, and to monitor it in flight while it gathers images. Though the eBee can complete aflight fully autonomously from take-offto landing, you can also modify its flight plan at any point during flight. 3. Processing imagedata: The laststep in aproject is converting the images taken byyour eBee into usable products such as precise geo-referenced orthomosaics or3Dterrain models. section 'Processing imagedata'on page50 leads you through the process oftransferring images from the drone to a computer, checking ifthe image quality suits your needs while still in the field and producing advanced 2D and 3D maps.

## APPENDIXB Academy ofModelAeronautics Safety Code

### A.

## ~ 1.
2.

3.
4.

## ~ 

## ....1.

2. 3.

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.


### C.1.

2. 3.

## ~ I. 2. 3. 4. 5. 

### AcademyofModelAeronautics NationalModelAircraftSafety Code Effective January 1, 2014 GENERAL: Amodel aircraft is anon-human-carrying aircraft capable ofsustained flight in the atmosphere. It may not exceed limitations ofthis code and is intended exclusivelyforsport, recreation, education and/orcompetition. All model flights must be conducted in accordancewith this safety code and any additional rules specific

### to the flying site.

Model aircraftwill not be flown: (a) In acareless or reckless manner. (b) At alocation where model aircraft activities are prohibited. Model aircraft pilots will: (a) Yield the right ofwayto all human-carrying aircraft. (b) See and avoid all aircraftand aspotter must be used when appropriate. (AMA Document#540-D.) (c) Notfly higherthan approximately400 feet above ground level within three (3) miles ofan airportwithout notifying the airportoperator. (d) Not interfere with operations and traffic patterns at any airport, heliport or seaplane base exceptwhere there is amixed use agreement. (e) Notexceed atakeoffweight, including fuel, of55 pounds unless in compliance with the AMA Large Model Airplane program. (AMA Document 520-A.) (f) Ensure the aircraft is identified with the name and address orAMA numberofthe owneron the inside oraffixed to the outside ofthe model aircraft. (This does not applyto model aircraftflown indoors.) (g) Notoperate aircraftwith metal-blade propellers orwith gaseous boosts exceptfor helicopters operated underthe provisions ofAMA Document#555. (h) Not operate model aircraftwhile underthe influence ofalcohol orwhile using any drug that could adversely affectthe pilot's abilityto safely control the model. (i) Notoperate model aircraft carrying pyrotechnic devices that explode or burn, orany device which propels aprojectile or drops any objectthat creates a hazard to persons or property. Exceptions: • Free Flightfuses ordevices that bum producing smoke and are securely attached to the model aircraft during flight. • Rocket motors (using solid propellant) up to aG-series size may be used provided they remain attached to the model during flight. Model rockets may be flown in accordance with the National Model Rocketry Safety Code but may not be launched from model aircraft. • Officially designated AMAAir ShowTeams (AST) are authorized to use devices and practices as defined within the Team AMA Program Document. (AMA Document#718.) 0) Not operate aturbine-powered aircraft, unless in compliance with the AMAturbine regulations. (AMA Document#510-A.) Model aircraftwill not be flown in AMA sanctioned events, airshows or model demonstrations unless: (a) The aircraft, control system and pilot skills have successfully demonstrated all maneuvers intended oranticipated priorto the specific event. (b) An inexperienced pilot is assisted by an experienced pilot. When and where required by rule, helmets must be properlywom and fastened. They must be OSHA, DOT, ANSI, SNELL or NOCSAE approved orcomply with comparable standards. RADIO CONTROL (RC) All pilots shall avoid flying directly over unprotected people, vessels, vehicles orstructures and shall avoid endangerment of life and property ofothers. Asuccessful radio equipmentground-range check in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations will be completed before the first flight ofanew or repaired model aircraft. At all flying sites asafety line(s) must be established in front ofwhich all flying takes place. (AMA Document #706.) (a) Only personnel associated with flying the model aircraftare allowed ator in front ofthe safety line. (b) At airshows ordemonstrations, astraightsafety line must be established. (c) An area awayfrom the safety line must be maintained for spectators. (d) Intentional flying behind the safety line is prohibited. RC model aircraft must use the radio-control frequencies**curren~y** allowed bythe Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Only individuals properly licensed bythe FCC are authorized to operate equipmenton Amateur Band frequencies. RC model aircraft will not knowingly operate within three (3) miles ofany pre-existing flying site without afrequency-management agreement. (AMA Documents #922 and #923.) With the exception ofevents flown underofficial AMA Competition Regulations, excluding takeoffand landing, no powered model may be flown outdoors closerthan 25feetto any individual, exceptforthe pilot and the pilot's helper(s) located at the flightline. Under no circumstances may apilotorother person touch an outdoor model aircraft in flight while it is still under power, exceptto divert itfrom striking an individual. RC nightflying requires alighting system providing the pilotwith aclearview ofthe model's attitude and orientation atall times. Hand-held illumination systems are inadequatefor nightflying operations. The pilot ofan RC model aircraftshall: (a) Maintain control during the entire flight, maintaining visual contactwithout enhancement otherthan by corrective lenses prescribed forthe pilot. (b) Fly using the assistance ofacamera or First-Person View (FPV) only in accordance with the procedures outlined in AMA Document #550. (c) Fly using the assistance ofautopilotorstabilization system only in accordance with the procedures outlined in AMA Document#560. FREE FLIGHT Must be at least 100feet downwind ofspectators and automobile parking when the model aircraft is launched. Launch area must be clearofall individuals except mechanics, officials, and otherfliers. An effective device will be used to extinguish anyfuse on the model aircraft afterthe fuse has completed its function. CONTROL LINE The complete control system (including the safetythong where applicable) must have an inspection and pull test priorto flying. The pull testwill be in accordance with the current Competition Regulationsforthe applicable model aircraft category. Model aircraft notfitting aspecific categoryshall use those pull-test requirements as indicated for Control Line Precision Aerobatics. The flying area must be clearofall utilitywires or poles and amodel aircraftwill not be flown closerthan 50 feetto any above-ground electric utility lines. The flying area must be clear ofall nonessential participants and spectators before the engine is started.

## ~

# Academy of Model Aeronautics 5161 East Memorial Drive Muncie, Indiana 47302 (BOO) 435-9262- Membership Services www.modelaircraft.org 

# "SEE AND AVOID" GUIDANCE

A. General: 

# 4• 

# Ali.P:.

ACADEMY OF MODEL AERONAUTICS

1. The primary means to avoid collisions between all aircraft flying within our National Airspace System (NAS) is "See and Avoid." 2. Vigilance must be maintained by each person operating an aircraft (whether model or manned) so as to "see and avoid" other aircraft. 3. Model aircraft must avoid manned aircraft. Our privilege to fly model aircraft in the NAS depends on our commitmentto remain "well clear" of manned aircraft. 4. Simply avoiding an actual collision is notenough. A "near miss" is not acceptable. 5. Unless flying at a mixed-use site where manned and model aircraft routinely share airspace through their own site-specific rules, model aircraft mustfly sufficientlyfar away from manned aircraft so as notto create a collision hazard. 

# ""*' 6. Model aircraftflying must not only be safe, it must be perceived to be safe bythe greater manned aviation community. Modelers must continually demonstrate their respect forthe safety of manned aircraft by remaining vigilant and well clear. 7. Whenever a potential conflict arises between model aircraft and manned aircraft, the pilot ofthe model aircraft must always give waytothe manned aircraft. 8. The pilot ofa model aircraft must never assume the pilot ofa manned aircraft can see the= model orwill perform any maneuverto avoid the model's flight path. 9. Visual line ofSight is required by the Safety Code. It means thatvisual contact with the aircraft must be maintained without enhancement otherthan by corrective lenses prescribed forthe model aircraft pilot. All RC flying must remain clear of clouds smoke or any other obstruction tothe line ofsight. 10. "Blue Sky" is aterm used to explain the method used to increase separation between a model and a manned aircraft in the same vicinity. The modeler should maneuverthe aircraft in such a way as to increase the amount of blue sky perceived between the model and the manned aircraft. By increasingthe blue sky separation, the question about depth perception is taken out ofthe equation and the modeler need not worry whetherthe model is closer to him than the manned aircraft orfurther away. Increasing the blue sky between the model and the manned aircraft automatically increases separation between them. 

### Academy of Model Aeronautics 5161 East Memorial Drive Muncie, Indiana 47302 (800} 435-9262 

## I Membership Services 

## I www.modelaircraft.org

## ~

# Academy of Model Aeronautics 

# "'- 4•**~**

# ~~4

# e"JSr ifP**'AI\Ji~J** 5161 East Memorial Drive Muncie, Indiana 47302 (800) 435-9262- Membership Services www.modelaircraft.org ACADEMY OF MODEL AERONAUTICS 11. A modeler should never place any consideration forthe well-being ofthe model aircraft above the safety of manned aircraft. Maneuvering to avoid the conflict may require thatthe model aircraft be sacrificed. 12. Free flight models should not be launched with relatively lowaltitude manned aircraft in sight and downwind or headed downwind from the launch site. 

# B. Spotters: 1. Before aflight, the pilot must insure thatthe spotter understands his/her duties and expectations. 2. A spotter should be used to assist in monitoringthe surrounding airspace for manned aircraft whenever aflight is expected to exceed 400 feet above the ground and that operation is expected to be in proximity to known manned aircraft traffic such as at a mixed-use facility orwithin three miles ofan airport.The spotter must have sufficientvisual acuity and be mature enough totake this responsibility very seriously. 3. A spotter should also be prepared to assist his/her pilot in the event that another model aircraft or spectators become endangered or in turn are perceived to be a dangertothe pilot orthe pilot's model aircraft. 4. Ifa model aircraft pilot experiences what he orshe considers a near miss with a manned aircraft, that model aircraft pilot should notifyAMA Headquarters with awritten report ofthe incident, including action taken bythe model aircraft pilotto avoid the manned aircraft. This report is intended to help the modeler, the club, and the AMA capture as much detail as possible so that it may be used to assist all parties in recalling the particulars ofthe incident at a latertime. Call1-800-435-9262 (1-800-IFLYAMA) extension 230 or 251 for assistance with this report.



### Academy of Model Aeronautics 5161 East Memorial Drive Muncie, Indiana 47302 

### (800) 435-9262 1 

### Membership Services I 

### www.modelaircraft.org

# \A~~~**~** SINCE1936 

## Academy of Model Aeronautics AMA Advanced Flight Systems Committee amaflightsystems@gmail.com 

### AMA Document# 560

Radio Controlled Model Aircraft Operation Utilizing Failsafe, Stabilization and Autopilot Svstems 1. DEFINITION OF TERMS: Please refer to Page 3, section 7 which contains an alphabetical listing of the definitions of the terms in italics that are used in this document. 

### 2. GENERAL: All model aircraftflights utilizing stabilization and autopilotcontrol systems must be conducted in accordance with AMA's current National Model Aircraft Safety Code and any additional rules specific to a flying site/location. 

### 3. OPERATIONS- REQUIREMENTS- LIMITATIONS: 

## a) AMA members flying radio controlled model aircraft equipped with flight stabilization and autopilotsystems must maintain VLOS with the aircraft at all times including programmed autopilot waypoint flight. 

### b) AMA Pilots must be able to instantaneously deactivate programmed flight of autopilot systems at any time during flight and resume manual control ofthe model aircraft. c) AMA Pilots must perform an RIC Test Flightofa model aircraft before activating a newly installed autopilotor stabilization system and/or after any repairs or replacement of model aircraft essentialflight systems. 

### d) Model aircraft exceeding 151bs and/or 70mph may only use an autopilotfor a programmed "return to launch" (RTL) flight and notfor programmed waypoint flying ofa predetermined course. 

### e) STABILIZATION 

### & AUTOPILOT SYSTEMS MAY BE USED FOR/TO: • Stabilization/automatically stabilize aircraftto level flight when control sticks are centered. • Recovery/activate TRX switch to recover an out of control aircraft to level flight. • Heading/activate TRX switch to hold a model aircraft's heading for precision flight path. • Altitude/activate TRX switch to maintain fixed aircraft altitude while allowing directional control. • Return GPS/activate TRX switch to return aircraft via GPS to launch point. • Return FSS/failsafe activated from radio signal loss to return aircraft via GPS to launch point. • Fixed circle/activate TRX switch to circle aircraft at point ofactivation atfixed altitude. • Waypoint/activate TRX switch to initiate an autopilot programmed flight path via waypoints. • Fencing/autopilot programed to display site unique boundaries on video monitor/goggles.

PAGE 1 OF 3 (Revision 01/14/2013)

### 4. RANGE -ALTITUDE -WEIGHT- SPEED: a) One ofthe requirements in Federal Law (Public Law 112-95 Sec 336 (c) (2) February 14, 2012) for model aircraft to be excluded from FAA regulations is that model aircraft be flown within VLOS ofthe operator. 

### b) Model aircraft must be flown at or below 400 feet AGL when within 3 miles of an airport as stated in the AMA Safety Code. c) Model aircraft utilizing an autopilotfor waypoint flying are limited to a maximum weight (including fuel, batteries, and onboard autopilot systems) of 151bs and a speed of 70mph. 

### 5. RECOMMENDATIONS & INFORMATION: a) Ifyour radio system lacks failsafe capability, consider using programmable digital servos or auxiliary failsafe modules. In the event ofa radio signal failure these components will activate desired safe servo settings or an autopilotfor return to base/launch (RTL). 

### b) When using an autopilotsystem the "return to launch" (RTL) feature should be programmed to return the aircraft to a safe location and safely terminate the flight should manual control ofthe aircraft be lost. When using RTL, pay particular attention to the manufacturer's throttle recommendations to prevent stalling. c) The use of stabilization systems is recommended when flying FPV to improve flight stability and video quality. 

### d) Pilots usually choose to incorporate stabilization and autopilotsystems for model aircraft flying to enhance flight performance, correct bad tendencies ofthe model aircraft, maintain stability in windy weather, establish precision heading holds for takeoffs/landings, flight training for novice pilots, create a steady flight platform for cameras, and generallyjust to make an airplane easier and safer to fly. e) When purchasing stabilization and autopilotsystems, always try to select quality equipment from reputable dealers, ensure for compatibility with other onboard systems, and install components according to manufacturers' instructions. 

### 6. PRIVACY PROTECTION SAFEGUARDS: The use of imaging technologyfor aerial surveillance with radio control model aircraft having the capability ofobtaining high-resolution photographs and/or video, or using any types ofsensors, for the collection, retention, or dissemination ofsurveillance data or information on individuals, homes, businesses, or property at locations where there is a reasonable expectation of privacy is strictly prohibited bythe AMA unless written expressed permission is obtained from the individual property owners or managers.

PAGE 2 OF 3 (Revision 01/14/2013)**~** 

### 7. DEFINITIONS OF TERMS: 

### AMA Pilotis an AMA memberwho is capable of manually operating an RIC transmitter to control a model aircraft's flight path within its safe intended 

### flight envelope without losing control or having a collision. 

### AutopilotSystems incorporate programmable flight 

### stabilization with an altitude sensor and a GPS receiverforaccurate positioning and to navigate/control a radio controlled model aircraft's flight path. Advanced systems offer software for entering navigable waypoints. The flight data waypoints may be saved to autopilot's/GPS memoryfor programmed flight.



### Essential FlightSystems are any systems or components necessaryto maintain stable flight within a model aircraft's 

### flight envelope. (This includes primary RIC systems and any 

### stabilization or gyros required to maintain stability and heading in certain types of model aircraft that would be uncontrollable/unstable without their use). 

### Failsafe Systems are designed to minimize or prevent damage and safely terminate a flight when a radio controlled model aircraft loses radio signal. Modern radio systems can be programmed to position servos to a desired control setting in the event of radio signal failure. 

### FirstPerson View (FPV) refers to the operation of a radio controlled (RIC) model aircraft using an onboard camera's cockpit viewto orient and control the aircraft. (AMA Document #550). 

### FlightEnvelope is defined as the range ofairspeeds, attitudes and flight maneuvers which a model aircraft can safely perform/operate for its intended use. 

### Non-EssentialFlightSystems are any systems or components that are not necessary to maintain stable flight within the model aircraft's intended flight envelope. (This includes 

### autopilotor 

### stabilization systems that can be activated and deactivated in flight by the pilot without affecting manually controlled stable flight). 

### RIC TestFlightrequires an AMA Pilot to manually operate an RIC transmitterto control a model aircraft's flight path and determine ifthe aircraft is capable of maintaining stable flight within its safe intended 

### flight envelope. Stabilization Systems are designed to maintain intended model aircraft flight attitudes. The pilot can install, program and/or activate a system to stabilize yaw, pitch, or roll or any one attitude or combination ofattitudes. Systems are often based on rate/heading hold gyros or inertial motion sensors utilizing multi-axis gyros and accelerometers for attitude stabilization. 

### Visual Line ofSight (VLOS) is the distance at which the pilot is able to maintain visual contact with the aircraft and determine its orientation and attitude without enhancements 

### other than corrective lenses.

PAGE 3 OF 3 (Revision 07/20/2013)