# Patent

## Title
Techniques for transferring status information between an accessory and a multi-communication device

## Abstract

A connector interface system for a communication device is disclosed. The interface includes a docking connector. The docking connector includes first make/last break contacts that minimize internal damage to the internal electronics. The docking connector also includes specific keying arrangement to prevent noncompliant connectors from being plugged in, and thereby minimizes potential damage to the multi-communication device. The connector interface system also includes a remote connector which provides for the ability to output audio, input audio, provides I/O serial protocol, and to provide an output video. Embodiments of the present invention allow for a standard headphone cable to be plugged in but also for special remote control cables, microphone cables, video cables could be utilized in such a system. The connector interface system also includes a serial protocol to control device features. These controls help a user sort and search for data more efficiently within the device.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims priority from and is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 10/833,689, Apr. 27, 2004, entitled “CONNECTOR INTERFACE SYSTEM FOR ENABLING DATA COMMUNICATION WITH A MULTI-COMMUNICATION DEVICE,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
The contents of the following related applications are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes:
(1) U.S. application Ser. No. 12/209,962 entitled “CONNECTOR INTERFACE SYSTEM FOR A MULTI-COMMUNICATION DEVICE” filed concurrently with the present application; and
(2) U.S. application Ser. No. 12/210,022 entitled “CONNECTOR INTERFACE SYSTEM FOR ENABLING DATA COMMUNICATION WITH A MULTI-COMMUNICATION DEVICE” filed concurrently with the present application.
(3) U.S. application Ser. No. 12/209,993 entitled “TECHNIQUES FOR TRANSFERRING INFORMATION BETWEEN AN ACCESSORY AND A MULTI-COMMUNICATION DEVICE” filed concurrently with the present application.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to multi-communication devices and more particularly to a connector interface system for such devices.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Multi-communication devices are utilized in a variety of environments. What is meant by a multi-communication device is a device such as MP3 player, or other type of device that receives video, audio, and a variety of other digital data and can provide an output of the data. As these devices proliferate, a connector interface specification becomes more important, and also insuring that a particular multi-communications device interfaces appropriately with the appropriate external devices becomes more important.
In a typical connector interface, there is a docking connector that allows for the docking of the multi-communications device to a docking station for another type of communication for the device. A multi-communication device also typically includes a remote connector with the ability to output audio. As more multi-media content becomes available (i.e., digital video graphics, etc.) it is desirable to have a multi-media device which can effectively input and output such data.
Finally, such an interface typically has some sort of protocol to control device features from an external device and it also is desirable for the protocol to help the user sort and search for data faster and in an efficient manner. Heretofore, there is no device that includes features that overcome many of the above-stated problems. What is desired is a connector interface system which is utilized in such a device to address all the above-identified issues. The present invention addresses such a need.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A connector interface system for a communication device is disclosed. The interface includes a docking connector. The docking connector includes first make/last break contacts that minimize internal damage to the internal electronics. The docking connector also includes specific keying arrangement to prevent noncompliant connectors from being plugged in, and thereby minimizes potential damage to the multi-communication device. The connector interface system also includes a remote connector which provides for the ability to output audio, input audio, and output video using an I/O serial protocol. Heretofore, all these features have not been implemented in a connector. Therefore, this would allow for a standard headphone cable to be plugged in but also for special remote control cables, microphone cables, video cables to be utilized in such a system. The connector interface system also includes a serial protocol to control device features. These controls help a user sort and search for data more efficiently within the device.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate a docking connector in accordance with the present invention.
FIGS. 2A-2C illustrate the remote connector in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3A illustrates the connection pin designations for the docking connector.
FIG. 3B illustrates the connection pin designations for the remote connector.
FIG. 4A illustrates the Firewire connector interface.
FIG. 4B illustrates the USB connector interface.
FIG. 4C illustrates a reference schematic diagram for accessory detect and identify system for detecting and identifying accessories for the docking connector.
FIG. 4D is a reference schematic of an electret microphone that is within the remote connector.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates generally to multi-communication devices and more particularly to a connector interface system for such devices. The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention and is provided in the context of a patent application and its requirements. Various modifications to the preferred embodiment and the generic principles and features described herein will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiment shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features described herein.
Connector System Overview
To describe the features of the connector system in accordance with the present invention in more detail, refer now to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Docking Connector
FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate a docking connector 100 in accordance with the present invention. Referring first to FIG. 1A, the keying features 102 are of a custom length 104. In addition, a specific key arrangement where one set of keys are separated by one length are at the bottom and another set of keys are separated by another length at the top of the connector is used. The use of this key arrangement prevents noncompliant connectors from being plugged in and causing potential damage to the device. The connector for power utilizes a Firewire specification for power. The connector includes a first make/last break contact to implement this scheme. FIG. 1B illustrates the first make/last break contact 202 and also illustrates a ground pin and a power pin related to providing an appropriate first mate/last break contact. In this example, the ground pin 204 is longer than the power pin 206. Therefore, the ground pin 204 would contact its mating pin in the docking accessory before the power pin 206. Therefore internal electrical damage of the electronics of the device is minimized.
In addition, a connector interface system in accordance with the present invention uses both USB and Firewire interfaces as part of the same docking connector alignment, thereby making the design more compatible with different types of interfaces, as will be discussed in detail hereinafter. In so doing, more remote systems and devices can interface with the multi-communication device.
Remote Connector
The connection interface system also includes a remote connector which provides for the ability to output audio, input audio, and output video using an I/O serial protocol. FIG. 2A is a front and top view of a remote connector 200 in accordance with the present invention. As is seen, the remote connector 200 includes a top headphone receptacle 202, as well as, a second receptacle 204 for remote devices. FIG. 2B illustrates a plug 300 to be utilized in the remote connector. The plug 300 allows the features to be provided via the remote connector. FIG. 2C illustrates the plug 300 inserted into the remote connector 200. Heretofore, all these features have not been implemented in a remote connector. Therefore, a standard headphone cable can be plugged in but also special remote control cables, microphone cables, video cables could be utilized with the remote connector.
Serial Protocol
The connector interface system also includes a serial protocol. The protocol is utilized to allow external devices to control the multi-communication device. These controls help a user sort and display for data more efficiently utilizing the device. A representation list of controls includes, but are not limited to:
Next album
Previous album
Next chapter
Previous chapter
Next play list
Previous play list
Shuffle setting advance
Repeat setting advance
Backlight for 30 seconds
Begin fast forward
Begin rewind
To describe the features of the connector interface system in more detail, please find below a functional description of the docking connector, remote connector and a serial protocol in accordance with the present invention.
Docking and Remote Connector Specifications
For an example of the connector pin designations for both the docking connector and for the remote connector for a multi-communication device such as an iPod device by Apple Inc., refer now to FIGS. 3A and 3B. FIG. 3A illustrates the connector pin designations for the docking connector. FIG. 3B illustrates the connection pin designations for the remote connector.
Docking Connector Specifications
FIG. 4A illustrates a typical FireWire connector interface for the docking connector:
FireWire Power:
a) 8V-30V DC IN
b) 10 W Max
FireWire:
a) Designed to IEEE 1394 A Spec (400 Mb/s)
FIG. 4B illustrates the USB connector interface.
USB 2.0:
a) Designed to USB 2.0 High Speed Spec
b) The USB Power (pin 8 on the 30-pin connector) is not used for powering device; only used to detect a USB host connection.
FIG. 4C illustrates a reference schematic diagram for accessory detect and identify system for detecting and identifying accessories for the docking connector. The system comprises:
a) A simple resistor to ground allows the device to determine what has been plugged into docking connector. There is an internal pullup on Accessory Identify.
b) Two pins required (Accessory Identify & Accessory Detect)
Serial Protocol Communication:
a) Two pins are used to communicate to and from device (Rx & Tx)
b) Input & Output (0V=Low; 3.3V=High)
c) A device with an identity resistor (ID #13) is a serial dock accessory.
A device coupled to the docking connector allows for a standard serial protocol to be utilized. Attaching a serial dock accessory makes any top-attached (remote connector) accessories inactive.
Line Level Input (Left & Right):
a) Stereo audio input b) Input Level 1V RMS (max)
a) Chassis ground is tied to specified pins
b) Digital ground should not be tied to Audio Return
Remote Connector Specifications
Audio Out:
a) Stereo Output per channel volume controlled by device
Mono Mic In:
a) Mono mic in through Left channel
b) Filtered electret power supplied by internal device
FIG. 4D is a reference schematic of an electret microphone that is within the remote connector.
Serial Protocol Communication:
a) Two pins used to communicate to and from device (Rx & Tx)
b) Input & Output (0V=Low, 3.3V=High)
Serial Protocol
Protocol Generalities
As previously mentioned, another feature of the present invention is the use of a serial protocol for allowing features to be implemented for remote devices. In a preferred embodiment, the protocol builds upon a signaling protocol, such as the RS-232 serial specification. However, the signaling levels are nonstandard. In true RS-232, a mark is −7V and a space is 7V. In this protocol, a mark is 3.3V and a space is 0V. The signaling rate for this protocol is 19,200 bps. All signaling is at 8 bits data, no parity and one stop bit (8-N-1).
This protocol is to be used in both directions of a link. Every device is encouraged to implement both sending and receiving capabilities. It is be possible to determine the direction (host to device or device to host) of a packet from its contents only. This means that no packet is valid for sending from both the host and device.
All devices must be able to handle variable-length packets. For example, even though an identify packet currently has no defined data, a device must be able to understand an identify packet with data and should respond to the best of its ability. It must at least not lose sync to the packet signaling.










Lingo Specifications










Lingo
ID







General
0x00



Microphone
0x01



Simple Remote
0x02



Display Remote
0x03



RF transmitter
0x05










The general lingo is shared for housekeeping commands across all devices. The microphone lingo is used by the remote connector on the multi-communication device. The simple remote lingo is used by a standard in-line remote control. The display remote lingo is reserved for a device with similar functionality to the standard remote but with a display for status.










General Lingo Specification











Command
ID
Data Length







Request identify
0x00
0x00



Identify
0x01
0x01+










The host may send a request identify to the device to ask the device to reidentify itself.
The device sends an identify packet to identify itself. At this time multifunction (combo) devices are not supported. The identify data payload is thus the command ID 0x01 followed by a single byte of the same value as the lingo specification of the functionality the device implements unless specified otherwise. The identify packet returned in response to a request identify packet does not need to have the extra sync bytes and delays used during the startup process.










Simple Remote Lingo Specification











Command
ID
Data Length







Buttons status
0x00
0x00+










A simple remote device sends a buttons status command to indicate an updated status of which buttons are held down. The data of the packet is a number of bytes indicating which buttons are currently held down. The bytes are made up by ORing the masks of the buttons together. The device will send a 0x00 in data (or no data) to indicate all buttons are released. While any buttons are held down the device should repeat this packet on a predetermined interval. If no packet of this sort is received by the host for 200 ms the host may assume a packet was lost and go to “all buttons up” mode.
A representative simple remote button map is shown below:










Simple Remote Button Map











Button
Number
Byte No, Mask















Play/Pause
0
0, 0x01



Volume Up
1
0, 0x02



Volume Down
2
0, 0x04



Next Track
3
0, 0x08



Previous Track
4
0, 0x10



Next Album
5
0, 0x20



Previous Album
6
0, 0x40



Stop
7
0, 0x80



Play/Resume
8
1, 0x01



Pause
9
1, 0x02



Mute toggle
10
1, 0x04



Next Chapter
11
1, 0x08



Previous Chapter
12
1, 0x10



Next Playlist
13
1, 0x20



Previous Playlist
14
1, 0x40



Shuffle setting advance
15
1, 0x80



Repeat setting advance
16
2, 0x01



Power On
17
2, 0x02



Power Off
18
2, 0x04



Backlight for 30 seconds
19
2, 0x08



Begin FF
20
2, 0x10



Begin REW
22
2, 0x20










The use of the button remote map allows for features that heretofore have not been utilized in multi-communication devices such as an iPod device manufactured by Apple Inc.
A connector interface system for a communication device is disclosed. The interface includes a docking connector. The docking connector includes first make/last break contacts that minimize internal damage to the internal electronics. The docking connector also includes specific keying arrangement to prevent noncompliant connectors from being plugged in, and thereby minimizes potential damage to the multi-communication device. The remote connector provides for the ability to output audio, input audio, and output video using an I/O serial protocol. The connector interface also includes a serial protocol to control device features. These controls help a user sort and search for data more efficiently within the device.
Although the present invention has been described in accordance with the embodiments shown, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that there could be variations to the embodiments and those variations would be within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, many modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

## Claims

1. A method for transferring button status information between an accessory and a multi-communication device, the method comprising:
determining, by the accessory, when a control in a plurality of controls is activated; and
transmitting, by the accessory, a button status command to the multi-communication device comprising a button status bitmask, the button status bitmask including a status bit associated with each of the plurality of controls,
wherein the plurality of controls includes a play/pause control, a volume up control, and a volume down control, and
wherein the play/pause, volume up, and volume down controls are associated with status bits corresponding to a first lowest-order bit, a second lowest-order bit, and a third lowest-order bit respectively.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a fourth lowest-order bit corresponding to next track, a fifth lowest-order bit corresponding to previous track, a sixth lowest-order bit corresponding to next album, a seventh lowest-order bit corresponding to previous album, and an eighth lowest-order bit corresponding to stop.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a ninth lowest-order bit corresponding to play/resume, a tenth lowest-order bit corresponding to pause, and an eleventh lowest-order bit corresponding to mute toggle.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a twelfth lowest-order bit corresponding to next chapter, a thirteenth lowest-order bit corresponding to previous chapter, a fourteenth lowest-order bit corresponding to next playlist, a fifteenth lowest-order bit corresponding to previous playlist, and a sixteenth lowest order bit corresponding to shuffle setting advance.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a seventeenth lowest-order bit corresponding to repeat setting advance, an eighteenth lowest-order bit corresponding to power on, and a nineteenth lowest-order bit corresponding to power off.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a twentieth lowest-order bit corresponding to backlight, a twenty-first lowest-order bit corresponding to begin FF, and a twenty-second lowest-order bit corresponding to begin REW.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
determining, by the accessory, when the control is no longer activated; and
transmitting, by the accessory, another button status command to the multi-communication device comprising a button status bitmask with all status bits set to a state indicating that a corresponding control is not activated.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the accessory is configured to continuously transmit the button status command to the multi-communication device at a predetermined interval while the control remains activated.

9. A protocol for transferring button status information between an accessory and a multi-communication device, the protocol comprising:
a button status command for indicating that a control in a plurality of controls is activated, the button status command comprising a button status bitmask, the button status bitmask including a status bit associated with each of the plurality of controls,
wherein the plurality of controls include a play/pause control, a volume up control, and a volume down control, and
wherein the play/pause, volume up, and volume down controls are associated with status bits corresponding to a first lowest-order bit, a second lowest-order bit, and a third lowest-order bit respectively.

10. The protocol of claim 9 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a fourth lowest-order bit corresponding to next track, a fifth lowest-order bit corresponding to previous track, a sixth lowest-order bit corresponding to next album, a seventh lowest-order bit corresponding to previous album, and an eighth lowest-order bit corresponding to stop.

11. The protocol of claim 9 wherein the plurality of controls are resident on the accessory, and wherein the accessory is configured to transmit the button status command to the multi-communication device.

12. The protocol of claim 11, wherein the accessory is further configured to:
determine when the control is no longer activated; and
transmit another button status command to the multi-communication device comprising a button status bitmask with all status bits set to a state indicating that a corresponding control is not activated.

13. The protocol of claim 9 wherein the accessory is configured to continuously transmit the button status command to the multi-communication device at a predetermined interval while the control remains activated.

14. An accessory capable of being communicatively coupled with a multi-communication device, the accessory comprising:
a plurality of controls; and
a control component configured to:
determine when a control in the plurality of controls is activated; and
transmit a button status command to the multi-communication device comprising a button status bitmask, the button status bitmask including a status bit associated with each of the plurality of controls,

wherein the plurality of controls includes a play/pause control, a volume up control, and a volume down control, and
wherein the play/pause, volume up, and volume down controls are associated with status bits corresponding to a first lowest-order bit, a second lowest-order bit, and a third lowest-order bit respectively.

15. The accessory of claim 14 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a fourth lowest-order bit corresponding to next track, a fifth lowest-order bit corresponding to previous track, a sixth lowest-order bit corresponding to next album, a seventh lowest-order bit corresponding to previous album, and an eighth lowest-order bit corresponding to stop.

16. The accessory of claim 14 wherein the control component is further configured to:
determine when the control is no longer activated; and
transmit another button status command to the multi-communication device comprising a button status bitmask with all status bits set to a state indicating that a corresponding control is not activated.

17. The accessory of claim 14 wherein the control component is further configured to continuously transmit the button status command to the multi-communication device at a predetermined interval while the control remains activated.

18. The accessory of claim 14 wherein the button status command is transmitted via a connector of the accessory.

19. The accessory of claim 18, wherein the connector includes:
a plurality of pins configured to mate with a corresponding plurality of pins of a connector of the multi-communication device; and
an accessory-identifying resistor connected between two of the plurality of pins.

20. A multi-communication device capable of being communicatively coupled with an accessory, the multi-communication device comprising:
a plurality of controls; and
a control component configured to:
determine when a control in the plurality of controls is activated; and
transmit a button status command to the accessory comprising a button status bitmask, the button status bitmask including a status bit associated with each of the plurality of controls,

wherein the plurality of controls includes a play/pause control, a volume up control, and a volume down control, and
wherein the play/pause, volume up, and volume down controls are associated with status bits corresponding to a first lowest-order bit, a second lowest-order bit, and a third lowest-order bit respectively.

21. The multi-communication device of claim 20 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a fourth lowest-order bit corresponding to next track, a fifth lowest-order bit corresponding to previous track, a sixth lowest-order bit corresponding to next album, a seventh lowest-order bit corresponding to previous album, and an eighth lowest-order bit corresponding to stop.

22. The multi-communication device of claim 20 wherein the control component is further configured to:
determine when the control is no longer activated; and
transmit another button status command to the accessory comprising a button status bitmask with all status bits set to a state indicating that a corresponding control is not activated.

23. The multi-communication device of claim 20 wherein the control component is further configured to continuously transmit the button status command to the accessory at a predetermined interval while the control remains activated.

24. The multi-communication device of claim 20 wherein the button status command is transmitted via a connector of the multi-communication device.

25. The multi-communication device of claim 24 wherein the connector comprises:
a plurality of pins configured to mate with a corresponding plurality of pins of a connector of the accessory; and
an accessory-identifying resistor connected between two of the plurality of pins.

26. A computer-readable medium having stored thereon program code which, when executed by a control component of an accessory, cause the accessory to transfer button status information to a multi-communication device, the program code comprising:
code instructing the control component to determine when a control in a plurality of controls is activated; and
code instructing the control component to transmit a button status command to the multi-communication device, the button status command comprising a button status bitmask, the button status bitmask including a status bit associated with each of the plurality of controls,
wherein the plurality of controls include a play/pause control, a volume up control, and a volume down control, and
wherein the play/pause, volume up, and volume down controls are associated with status bits corresponding to a first lowest-order bit, a second lowest-order bit, and a third lowest-order bit respectively.

27. The computer-readable medium of claim 26 wherein the button status bitmask further includes a fourth lowest-order bit corresponding to next track, a fifth lowest-order bit corresponding to previous track, a sixth lowest-order bit corresponding to next album, a seventh lowest-order bit corresponding to previous album, and an eighth lowest-order bit corresponding to stop.

28. The computer-readable medium of claim 26, wherein the program code further comprises:
code instructing the control component to determine when the control is no longer activated; and
code instructing the control component to transmit another button status command to the multi-communication device comprising a button status bitmask with all status bits set to a state indicating that a corresponding control is not activated.