Cite as 2013 Ark. 381

SUPREME COURT OF ARKANSAS

No. CV-12-49

DENNIS RAY MATTHEWS

 APPELLANT

V.

RAY HOBBS, DIRECTOR, ARKANSAS

DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTION 

 APPELLEE

Opinion Delivered October 3, 2013

PRO SE APPEAL FROM THE

JEFFERSON COUNTY CIRCUIT

COURT, 35CV-11-682, HON. JODI

RAINES DENNIS, JUDGE

AFFIRMED.

PER CURIAM

In 1981, appellant Dennis Ray Matthews entered a plea of guilty to capital murder and

was sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. In 2011, appellant filed a pro se petition for

writ of habeas corpus in the Jefferson County Circuit Court, located in the county where he was

in custody.1 The circuit court dismissed the petition, and appellant brings this appeal. We find

no error and affirm the order.

A writ of habeas corpus is only proper when a judgment of conviction is invalid on its

face or when a trial court lacked jurisdiction over the cause. Girley v. Hobbs, 2012 Ark. 447 (per

curiam); Abernathy v. Norris, 2011 Ark. 335 (per curiam). The burden is on the petitioner in a

habeas-corpus petition to establish that the trial court lacked jurisdiction or that the commitment

was invalid on its face; otherwise, there is no basis for a finding that a writ of habeas corpus

should issue. Young v. Norris, 365 Ark. 219, 226 S.W.3d 797 (2006) (per curiam). Under our

statute, a petitioner who does not allege his actual innocence must plead either the facial

1As of the date of this decision, appellant remains incarcerated in Jefferson County.
Cite as 2013 Ark. 381

invalidity or the lack of jurisdiction by the trial court and make a showing by affidavit or other

evidence of probable cause to believe that he is illegally detained. Ark. Code Ann. § 16-112-

103(a)(1) (Repl. 2006); Murry v. Hobbs, 2013 Ark. 64 (per curiam). A habeas proceeding does not

afford a prisoner an opportunity to retry his or her case, and it is not a substitute for pursuing

postconviction relief under Arkansas Rule of Criminal Procedure 37.1. Friend v. Norris, 364 Ark.

315, 219 S.W.3d 123 (2005) (per curiam).

Using the words “insane” and “mentally incompetent” interchangeably, appellant

contended in his petition that he was insane or mentally incompetent at the time he entered his

plea, that the conviction of an insane or mentally incompetent person is illegal on its face, and

that the trial court is deprived of jurisdiction to proceed to try such a person. Even if the

argument could be said to provide a basis for a writ of habeas corpus, appellant did not point

to any proof that he was not sane or otherwise mentally competent to proceed. His only support

for the claim was that a pretrial mental evaluation was ordered for him but not conducted and

the trial court never ruled on the issue of competency before the judgment was entered. 

In Henderson v. State, 2010 Ark. 30 (per curiam), this court addressed the issue of whether

the failure to conduct a mental evaluation before the petitioner’s trial deprived the court of

personal or subject-matter jurisdiction and held that it did not. We said in Henderson that any

claim the petitioner desired to raise regarding the lack of a mental evaluation could have been

raised in the trial court at the time of trial. When a defendant enters a plea of guilty, the plea is

his or her trial. Coleman v. State, 2011 Ark. 308 (per curiam) (citing Crockett v. State, 282 Ark. 582,

669 S.W.2d 896 (1984)). A habeas-corpus proceeding does not afford a convicted defendant 

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Cite as 2013 Ark. 381

an opportunity to retry his case and argue issues that could have been settled at trial. Hill v. State,

2013 Ark. 143 (per curiam). 

Appellant also raises on appeal a number of allegations that were not specifically argued

in the petition. To the extent that those allegations are new claims for relief that do not establish

that there was a lack of jurisdiction in the trial court or that the judgment-and-commitment order

was invalid on its face, the claims will not be considered by this court for the first time on

appeal. See Justus v. Hobbs, 2013 Ark. 149 (per curiam). An appellant may not raise issues that

are outside the petition filed below that merely concern trial error and go outside the scope and

nature of the petition considered by the trial court. See James v. State, 2013 Ark. 290 (per curiam)

(citing Cowan v. State, 2011 Ark. 537 (per curiam)). 

Because appellant’s petition did not establish the facial invalidity of the judgment or

demonstrate a lack of the trial court’s jurisdiction, appellant did not establish a basis for a writ

of habeas corpus to issue. See Culbertson v. State, 2012 Ark. 112 (per curiam); Skinner v. Hobbs,

2011 Ark. 383 (per curiam); see also McHaney v. Hobbs, 2012 Ark. 361 (per curiam) (Due-process

allegations are not cognizable in a habeas proceeding.) Accordingly, the circuit court did not err

when it declined to issue a writ to effect appellant’s release from custody. 

Affirmed.

Dennis Ray Matthews, pro se appellant.

Dustin McDaniel, Att’y Gen., by: Ashley Argo Priest, Ass’t Att’y Gen., for appellee.

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