UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION 

WASHINGTON, DC 

Regulatory Docket No. ___ _ 

IN THE MATTER OF THE PEMION FOR EXEMPTION OF: 

CHRIS PUSEY, PLS for 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC 

FOR AN EXEMPTION SEEKING RELIEF FROM THE REQUIREMENTS OF 

MLE 14 OF THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS 

SECTIONS 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7(a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 

91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), AND 91.417(a) & (b) CONCERNING COMMERCIAL OPERATION 

OF DJI Phantom 2, Trimble UX5, and Trimble ZX5 UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS 

PURSUANT TO SECTION 333 OF 

THE FAA MODERNIZATION AND REFORM ACT OF 2012 

CPUBUC LAW 112-95) 

Submitted on June 30, 2015 

Chris Pusey, PLS 

409 Chicago Drive, Ste. 112 

Fayetteville, North Carolina 

919-426-6777 

cpusey@4dsitesolutions.com 

1 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................... 3 

SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 4 

INTRODUCTION AND INTERESTS OF PETITIONER. ................................................. ..4 

BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................... 4 

BASIS FOR PETITION ......................................................................................................... S 

NAME AND ADDRESS OF PETITIONER. ........................................................... .7 

THE SPECIFIC SECTIONS OF 14 C.F.R. FROM WHICH 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC SEEKS 

EXEMPTION ................................................................. 7 

THE EXTENT OF RELIEF 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC SEEKS AND THE REASON 4D SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC SEEKS THE RELIEF .............. ll 

THE REASONS WHY GRANTING 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC'S REQUEST WOULD BE IN 

THE PUBLIC INTEREST ......................................................... 14 

THE REASONS WHY GRANTING THE EXEMPTION WOULD NOT ADVERSELY 

AFFECT SAFETY .......................................................................... 17 

SUMMARY THAT CAN BE PUBLISHED IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ...... 32 

ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, VIEWS, OR ARGUMENTS AVAILABLE TO 

SUPPORT 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC'S REQUEST ......... 32 

CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................... 32 

APPENDICES ........................................................................................ 34 

2 
AGL 

AOI 

ATC 

ATO 

AV 

CFR 

COA 

FAA 

FAR 

GCS 

GPS 

LOL 

NAS 

NOT AM 

PIC 

Section 333 

333 

so 

SOP 

UA 

UAS 

VFR 

VLOS 

VMC 

VTOL 

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS 

Above Ground Level 

Area of Interest 

Air Traffic Control 

Air Traffic Organization 

Aerial Vehicle 

Code of Federal Regulations 

Certificate of Authorization 

Federal Aviation Administration 

Federal Aviation Regulation 

Ground Control Station 

Global Positioning System 

Loss of Link 

National Airspace System 

Notice to Airman 

Pilot in Command 

FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA) Section 

Safety Observer 

Standard Operating Procedures 

Unmanned Aircraft 

Unmanned Aircraft System 

Visual Flight Rules 

Visual Line of Site 

Visual Meteorological Conditions 

Vertical Takeoff and Landing 

3 
SUMMARY 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks exemption from the requirements of 14 C.F.R §§ 61.113(a) 

& (b), 91.7(a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) 

& (b), to operate an Unmanned Aircraft System pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA 

Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA). This exemption will permit 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC to operate an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) for the commercial 

purpose of conducting aerial video and photography of construction sites, real estate, and 

landscape over certain areas of the United States. 

INTRODUCTION AND INTERESTS OF THE PE11110NER 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC provides his clients with expertise and knowledge in advanced 

technologies and solutions to increase efficiency, productivity and effectiveness. 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC has over one hundreds of hours flying experience. They have over 2 

years of recreational/hobby experience in aspects of aerial video and photography as 

related to surveying and construction. The objective of 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC and their 

aerial operations is to provide high quality imaging for a variety of commercial, public, and 

residential uses, specifically targeting: 

• Aerial data collection for survey maps & mapping quality checks 

• Construction sites before and after 

• Real-estate marketing 

• Agricultural operations 

BACKGROUND 

Unmanned Aircraft Systems: OJI Phantom 2 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks an exemption to operate the OJI system for compensation 

or hire within the NAS. The OJI Phantom 2 is a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) 

Unmanned Aircraft (UA) with a Ground Control Station (GCS) utilizing electronic tablet or 

smart phone systems. The OJI Phantom 2 has a maximum gross weight of approximately 2 

pounds 11 ounces, while having a length of 16 inches width of 16 inches, height of 8 

inches, and a maximum speed of approximately 29 knots. The OJI Phantom 2 is equipped 

with four main rotors; driven by Lithium Polymer battery powered electric motors. 

The OJI Phantom 2 that will be operated by 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC will be registered in 

accordance with 49 U.S.C. 44103, Registration of Aircraft, as well as 14 C.F.R Part 47, 

Aircraft Registration, and marked in accordance with 14 C.F.R. Part 45, Identification and 

Registration Marking. 

4 
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Trimble ZX5 

4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks an exemption to operate the DJI system for compensation 

or hire within the NAS. The Trimble ZX5 is a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) Unmanned 

Aircraft (UA) with a Ground Control Station (GCS) utilizing electronic tablet or smart phone 

systems. The Trimble ZX5 has a maximum gross weight of approximately 85cm x 49cm. 

The Trimble ZX5 is equipped with six main rotors; driven by Lithium Polymer battery 

powered electric motors. 

The Trimble ZX5 that will be operated by 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will be registered in 

accordance with 49 U.S.C. 44103, Registration of Aircraft, as well as 14 C.F.R Part 47, 

Aircraft Registration, and marked in accordance with 14 C.F.R. Part 45, Identification and 

Registration Marking. 

Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Trimble UX5 

4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks an exemption to operate the DJI system for compensation 

or hire within the NAS. The Trimble UX5 is a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) 

Unmanned Aircraft (UA) with a Ground Control Station (GCS) utilizing electronic tablet or 

smart phone systems. The Trimble UX5 has a maximum gross weight of approximately 5 

pounds 51 ounces, length of 39 inches width of 26 inches, height of 4 inches, and a 

maximum speed of approximately 50 mph. The Trimble UX5 is equipped with four main 

rotors; driven by Lithium Polymer battery powered electric motors. 

The Trimble UX5 that will be operated by 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will be registered in 

accordance with 49 U.S.C. 44103, Registration of Aircraft, as well as 14 C.F.R Part 47, 

Aircraft Registration, and marked in accordance with 14 C.F.R. Part 45, Identification and 

Registration Marking. 

BASIS FOR PETITION 

Petitioner, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC, pursuant to the provisions of the Federal Aviation 

Regulations (14 C.F.R. § 11.61) and the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 

(FMRA}, Section 333, Special Rules for Certain Unmanned Aircraft Systems, hereby petitions 

the Administrator to commercially operate the DJI Phantom 2, Trimble ZX5 and Trimble 

UX5 in the National Airspace System (NAS}, and for an exemption from the requirements 

of 14 C.F.R §§ 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7(a}, 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a}, 91.407(a)(l), 

91.409(a)(l) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b). 

5 
In consideration of the speed, weight, size, and limited operating area associated with the 

unmanned aircraft and its operation, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC operation of OJI Phantom 2, 

Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS meets the conditions of FMRA Section 333 and therefore, 

will not require an airworthiness certificate in accordance with 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H. 

Accordingly, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC requests relief from Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 

91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b), as these sections set forth requirements for 

maintenance that only apply to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate. 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC submits that the requested relief is proper since an equivalent 

level of safety will be ensured. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC will use experienced personnel or 

technicians to perform maintenance, alterations, or preventive maintenance on the UAS 

using the methods, techniques, and practices prescribed in the operating documents (i.e., 

Monthly Maintenance Log, and OJI Phantom 2 Instruction Manual). Furthermore, 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC will document and maintain all maintenance records for the OJI Phantom 

2 UAS. 

Relief from certain requirements of Section 61.113(a) and (b), entitled Private pilot 

privileges and Limitations: Pilot in command, is requested by 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC to 

the extent necessary to allow a Pilot in Command (PIC) holding a private pilot or higher 

level certificate, as well as an airman medical certificate, and who has demonstrated, by 

meeting minimum flight- hour and currency requirements, that the PIC is able to safely 

operate the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS in a manner consistent 

with this exemption, including evasive and emergency maneuvers and maintaining 

appropriate distances from people, vessels, vehicles and structures. 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks relief from Section 91.7(a), entitled Civil aircraft 

airworthiness, because the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS do not 

require an airworthiness certificate in accordance with 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H. As 

such, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC submits that they will ensure that the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Tremble ZXS, and Tremble UXS is in an airworthy condition, prior to every flight, by 

determining that the UAS is in compliance with the operating documents (i.e., Monthly 

Maintenance Log, and OJI Phantom 2 Instruction Manual), and that the aircraft is in a 

condition for safe flight. 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC also seeks an exemption from the requirements of Section 

91.121, entitled Altimeter Settings, as the OJI Phantom 2, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS will 

not have a typical barometric altimeter on board. However, altitude information of the OJI 

Phantom 2 UA, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS will be provided to the PIC via Global 

Positioning System (GPS) equipment and radio communications telemetry data link, which 

6 
downlinks from the UA to the GCS for active monitoring of the flight path. This altitude 

information, combined with 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC operation of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS 

within visual line of sight, at or below 500 feet AGL, will ensure a level of safety equivalent 

to Section 91.121. 

Additionally, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks an exemption from the requirements of 

Section 91.151(b}, entitled Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions. 4D SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC submits that safety will not be affected by operation of the DJI Phantom 

2 UAS during daylight hours in visual meteorological conditions (VMC) under visual flight 

rules (VFR), with enough battery power to fly for a total duration of approximately 14.5 

minutes to the first point of intended landing and, assuming normal cruising speed, to fly 

after that for at least 4.5 minutes. 

In accordance with 14 C.F.R. § 11.81, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC provides the following 

information in support of its petition for exemption: 

A. Name And Address Of The Petitioner. 

The name and address of the Petitioner and point of contact is: 

Chris Pusey for 4D Site Solutions Inc. 

409 Chicago Drive, Ste. 112 

Fayetteville, North Carolina 28306 

910-426-6777 

cpusey@4dsitesolutions.com 

B. The Specific Sections Of 14 C.F.R. From Which 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks 

Exemption. 

1. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption from the Requirements of 

Section 61.113(a) and (b). 

Section 61.113, entitled Private pilot privileges and limitations: Pilot in command, 

subsections (a) and (b) prescribe the following, in relevant part: 

(a) No person who holds a private pilot certificate may act as a pilot in 

command (PIC) of an aircraft that is carrying passengers or property for 

7 
compensation or hire; nor may that person, for compensation or hire, act as PIC 

of an aircraft. 

(b) A private pilot may, for compensation or hire, act as PIC of an aircraft in 

connection with any business or employment if-

(1) The flight is only incidental to that business or employment; and 

(2) The aircraft does not carry passengers or property for compensation or hire. 

2. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption From The Requirements Of 

Section 91.7(a). 

Section 91.7, entitled Civil aircraft airworthiness, subsection (a), states the 

following: 

(a) No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition. 

3. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption From The Requirements Of 

Section 91.121. 

Section 91.121, entitled Altimeter settings, subsection (a), states the following, in 

part: 

(a) Each person operating an aircraft shall maintain the cruising altitude or 

flight level of that aircraft, as the case may be, by reference to an altimeter that 

is set when operating--

(1) Below 18,000 feet MSL, to--

(i) The current reported altimeter setting of a station along the route 

and within 100 nautical miles of the aircraft; 

(ii) If there is no station within the area prescribed in paragraph (a)(1)(i) 

of this section, the current reported altimeter setting of an appropriate 

available station; or 

(iii) In the case of an aircraft not equipped with a radio, the elevation of 

the departure airport or an appropriate altimeter setting available 

before departure. 

8 
4. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption From The Requirements Of 

Section 91.151(b). 

Section 91.151, entitled Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions, subsection 

(b), states the following: 

(b) No person may begin a flight in a rotorcraft under VFR conditions unless 

(considering wind and forecast weather conditions) there is enough fuel to fly to 

the first point of intended landing and, assuming normal cruising speed, to fly 

after that for at least 20 minutes. 

5. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption From The Requirement Of 

Section 91.405(a). 

Section 91.405, entitled Maintenance required, subsection (a), states the following: 

Each owner or operator of an aircraft-

(a) Shall have that aircraft inspected as prescribed in subpart E of this part and 

shall between required inspections, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this 

section, have discrepancies repaired as prescribed in part 43 of this chapter[.] 

6. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption From The Requirements Of 

Section 91.407(a)(l) 

Section 91.407, entitled Operation after maintenance, preventive maintenance, 

rebuilding, or alteration, subsection (a)(1), states the following: 

(a) No person may operate any aircraft that has undergone maintenance, 

preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration unless--

(1) It has been approved for return to service by a person authorized under 

§ 43.7 of this chapter [.] 

7. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption From The Requirements Of 

Sections 91.409(a) (1) And 91.409(a)(2). 

Section 91.409, entitled Inspections, subsection (a), states the following: 

9 
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, no person may operate 

an aircraft unless, within the preceding 12 calendar months, it has had --

(1) An annual inspection in accordance with part 43 of this chapter and has 

been approved for return to service by a person authorized by § 43.7 of this 

chapter; or 

(2) An inspection for the issuance of an airworthiness certificate in 

accordance with part 21 of this chapter. 

8. 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption from the Requirements of 

Sections 91.417(a) and 91.417(b). 

Section 91.417, entitled Maintenance records, subsections (a) and (b), state the 

following: 

(a) Except for work performed in accordance with §§ 91.411 and 91.413, each 

registered owner or operator shall keep the following records for the periods 

specified in paragraph (b) of this section: 

(1) Records of the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration and 

records of the 100-hour, annual, progressive, and other required or 

approved inspections, as appropriate, for each aircraft (including the 

airframe) and each engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance of an aircraft. The 

records must include--

(i) A description (or reference to data acceptable to the Administrator) of 

the work performed; and 

(ii) The date of completion of the work performed; and 

(iii) The signature, and certificate number of the person approving the 

aircraft for return to service. 

(2) Records containing the following information: 

(i) The total time in service of the airframe, each engine, each propeller, 

and each rotor. 

(ii) The current status of life-limited parts of each airframe, engine, 

propeller, rotor, and appliance. 

10 
(iii) The time since last overhaul of all items installed on the aircraft 

which are required to be overhauled on a specified time basis. 

(iv) The current inspection status of the aircraft, including the time 

since the last inspection required by the inspection program under 

which the aircraft and its appliances are maintained. 

(v) The current status of applicable airworthiness directives (AD) and 

safety directives including, for each, the method of compliance, the AD 

or safety directive number and revision date. If the AD or safety 

directive involves recurring action, the time and date when the next 

action is required. 

(vi) Copies of the forms prescribed by§ 43.9(d) of this chapter for each 

major alteration to the airframe and currently installed engines, rotors, 

propellers, and appliances. 

(b) The owner or operator shall retain the following records for the periods 

prescribed: 

(1) The records specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall be retained 

until the work is repeated or superseded by other work or for 1 year after 

the work is performed. 

(2) The records specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall be retained 

and transferred with the aircraft at the time the aircraft is sold. 

(3) A list of defects furnished to a registered owner or operator under § 

43.11 of this chapter shall be retained until the defects are repaired and the 

aircraft is approved for return to service. 

C. The Extent Of Relief 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks And The Reason 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC Seeks The Relief. 

1. Extent Of Relief 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks And The Reason 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Relief From Section 61.113(a) And (b). 

Relief from Section 61.113(a) and (b) entitled Private pilot privileges and limitations: Pilot in 

command, is requested to the extent necessary to allow a PIC holding a private pilot or 

higher level certificate, as well as a current and valid airman medical certificate, and who 

has met certain flight-hour and currency requirements, to conduct the proposed UAS 

flight operations for compensation or hire. 

11 
This relief is requested since the limitations set forth in Section 61.113(a) and (b) state that 

a private pilot may, for compensation or hire, act as PIC of an aircraft in connection with 

any business or employment if: (1) The flight is only incidental to that business or 

employment; and (2) The aircraft does not carry passengers or property for compensation 

or hire. 

As set forth more fully below, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC submits that an equivalent level of 

safety will be maintained because no PIC will be allowed to operate the OJI Phantom 2 

UAS, Trimble ZXS, or Trimble UXS unless that PIC has met certain flight-hour and currency 

requirements, demonstrating that the PIC is able to safely operate either the OJI Phantom 

2 UAS, Trimble ZXS, or Trimble UXS in a manner consistent with the operations 

specifications as described in this exemption, including evasive and emergency 

maneuvers, as well as maintaining appropriate distances from people, vessels, vehicles and 

structures. 

Further, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC submits that all flights of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS conducted by the PIC pursuant to the grant of this Petition: 

(1) will be incidental to 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC's business; and (2) will not carry 

passengers or property for compensation or hire. 

2. Extent Of Relief 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks And The Reason 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Relief From Section 91.7(a). 

Relief from Section 91.7(a) entitled Civil aircraft airworthiness, is requested to the extent 

required to allow 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC to determine that the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS is in airworthy condition prior to every flight by ensuring 

that the UAS is in compliance with the operating documents (i.e., the 40 SITE SOLUTIONS 

INC Aerial Operations Manual, Monthly Maintenance Log, and OJI Phantom 2, Trimble 

ZXS, Trimble UXS Instruction Manual). 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks the requested relief because the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS does not require an airworthiness certificate in accordance 

with 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H. Therefore, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC will ensure that the 

OJI Phantom 2 UAS is in airworthy condition based upon its compliance with the 

operating documents (i.e., Monthly Maintenance Log, and OJI Phantom 2 Instruction 

Manual) prior to every flight, and further, determine that the aircraft is in condition for safe 

flight, as stated in the conditions and limitations below. 

12 
3. Extent Of Relief 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks And The Reason 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Relief From Section 91.121. 

Relief from Section 91.121, entitled Altimeter settings, may be required to allow flight 

operations of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, which utilize a barometric pressure sensor, GPS 

equipment, and a radio communications telemetry data link to downlink altitude 

information from the UA to the PIC at the ground control station (GCS). Since the FAA 

requires that any altitude information concerning UAS operations be reported to air traffic 

control (AT() in feet above ground level (AGL), 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks the 

requested relief because the OJI Phantom 2 UA's altimeter may be set on the ground to 

zero feet AGL, rather than the local barometric pressure or field altitude, before each 

flight. 

Considering the limited altitude of the proposed operations, relief from 14 CFR 91.121 is 

sought to the extent necessary to comply with the applicable conditions and limitations 

stated below. As more fully set forth herein, an equivalent level of safety will be 

maintained since the OJI Phantom 2 UAS is equipped with a barometric pressure sensor 

and GPS equipment, which automatically ensures that a ground level pressure setting will 

be established prior to each flight, and provides the PIC with altitude information of the 

UA on the heads-up display of the GCS. 

4. Extent Of Relief 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks And The Reason 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Relief From Section 91.151(b). 

Relief from Section 91.151(b) entitled Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions, is 

requested to the extent required to allow flights of the battery powered OJI Phantom 2 

UAS during daylight hours in visual meteorological conditions (VMC), under visual flight 

rules (VFR), for a total duration of 14.5 minutes to the first point of intended landing and, 

assuming normal cruising speed, to fly after that for at least 4.5 minutes. 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC seeks the requested relief because without an exemption from Section 

91.151(b), the flight time duration of the battery powered OJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble 

ZXS, Trimble UX5 will severely constrain the practicality of any aerial video or still photo 

flight operations that 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC proposes to conduct pursuant to this 

Petition. 

Significantly, as set forth below, the technical specifications of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Trimble ZX5, Trimble UX5, the OJI Phantom 2 operating documents, and 40 SITE 

13 
SOLUTIONS INC proposed operating limitations, ensure that 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will 

safely operate the battery powered DJI Phantom 2 UA, Trimble ZX5, and Trimble UX5 

during daylight hours in visual meteorological conditions (VMC), under visual flight rules 

(VFR), with enough battery power to fly for a total duration of 14.5 minutes to the first 

point of intended landing and, assuming normal cruising speed, to fly after that for at least 

4.5 minutes. 

5. Extent Of Relief 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks And The Reason 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Relief From Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(l), 

91.409(a)(l) & (a)(2), And 91.417(a) & (b). 

Since Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(l), 91.409(a)(l) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b) only apply 

to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC requests relief from 

these Sections because the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble ZX5, and Trimble UXS does not 

require an airworthiness certificate. As set forth more fully below, the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Trimble UX5, and Trimble ZXS meet the conditions of FMRA Section 333 for operation 

without an airworthiness certificate. Accordingly, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will use trained 

technicians to perform maintenance, alterations, or preventive maintenance on the UAS 

using the methods, techniques, and practices prescribed in the UAS operating documents 

(i.e., the 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC Aerial Operations Manual, Monthly Maintenance Log, 

and DJI Phantom 2 Instruction Manual). Furthermore, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will 

document and maintain all maintenance records for the DJI Phantom, Trimble UXS, and 

Trimble ZXS. 

D. The Reasons Why Granting 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Request Would Be In The 

Public Interest; That Is, How It Would Benefit The Public As A Whole. 

Granting the present Petition will further the public interest by allowing 4D SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC to safely, efficiently, and economically perform aerial video and 

photography of construction sites, real estate, and landscape over certain areas of the 

United States. 

Additionally, use of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS will decrease 

congestion of the NAS, reduce pollution, and provide significant benefits to the economy 

and safety of the surveyors. Notably, the benefits of 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC's proposed 

operation of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS will be realized 

without implicating any privacy issues. 

14 
1. The Public Will Benefit From Decreased Congestion Of The NAS. 

The DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS are battery powered and serve as a 

safe, efficient, and economical alternative to the manned aircraft traditionally utilized to 

obtain aerial imagery. By reducing the amount of manned aircraft needed to perform 

aerial acquisitions, an exemption allowing the use of a DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, 

and Trimble ZXS would reduce the amount of manned aircraft in the NAS, reduce noise 

and air pollution, as well as increase the safety of life and property in the air and on the 

ground. 

Furthermore, by reducing the number of manned aircraft operating in the NAS, 

congestion around airports caused by arriving and departing aircraft will be reduced. The 

DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS do not require an airport to takeoff or 

land. Likewise, a reduction of manned aircraft conducting aerial video and photography 

missions would result in fewer aircraft that must be handled by air traffic control during 

the ground, takeoff, departure, arrival, and landing phases of flight operations. 

2. The Public Will Benefit From The Safety And Efficiency Of The DJI 

Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS. 

Conducting aerial acquisitions with the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS 

instead of manned aircraft, will greatly benefit the public by drastically reducing the levels 

of air and noise pollution generated during traditional aerial video and still photography 

flight operations. By using battery power and electric motors, the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS produces no air pollution, and is the most viable 

environmentally conscious alternative to the cabin class, six cylinder internal combustion 

engine aircraft that are typically utilized for aerial video and photography, while burning 

approximately 20-30 gallons per hour of leaded aviation fuel. The DJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS while reducing the carbon footprint of aerial acquisitions, 

also eliminates noise pollution, as the UA is propelled by battery powered electric motors, 

rather than an internal combustion engine. 

By using the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS to perform aerial 

acquisitions, the substantial risk to life and property in the air and on the ground, which is 

usually associated with traditional manned aircraft flight operations, will be substantially 

reduced or completely eliminated. Aside from the lack of flight crew members located 

onboard the aircraft, the DJI Phantom 2 UAS (weighing approximately 2 pounds 11 

ounces, at its maximum gross weight with a length of 16 inches, width of 16 inches, and 

with no fuel on board), has less physical potential for collateral damage to life and 

15 
property on the ground, and in the air, compared to the manned aircraft that typically 

conduct similar operations (weighing approximately 6,000 pounds with a wingspan of 

approximately 42 feet, a length of 34 feet, and a fuel capacity of 180 gallons). 

3. Performing Aerial Video and Photography Operations with the DJI 

Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS Will Benefit the Economy. 

In addition to being safe and efficient, the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble ZXS, and Trimble 

UXS are also an economical alternative to using manned aircraft to conduct similar aerial 

operations. As such, operation of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS 

will allow United States based companies, like 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC, to remain 

competitive and contribute to growth of the U.S. economy. Specifically, with the rising cost 

of aviation fuel and the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") regulatory actions 

phasing out leaded aviation fuels, U.S. owned and operated companies must adopt new 

and alternative technology in order to remain competitive. Operating the battery powered 

DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, Trimble ZXS is one such technology that not only allows 

companies greater operational flexibility compared to manned aircraft, but provides such 

flexibility without the high operational cost of a traditional manned aircraft. 

By operating the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS companies such as 4D 

SITE SOLUTIONS INC, can remain competitive and profitable, and therefore, provide 

greater job stability to employees and contractors, which will ultimately contribute to 

growth of the U.S. economy. Improved financial performance of U.S. companies, through 

commercial use of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS provides a 

stable workforce that increases consumer spending; improves local, state, and federal tax 

revenues; and allows companies to invest in research and development in order to remain 

competitive both in the United States and abroad. 

4. There Are No Privacy Issues. 

Similar to the manned aerial acquisition flight operations that have been conducted for 

decades, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC's proposed operation of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

TrimbleUXS, and Trimble ZXS will not implicate any privacy issues. Specifically, the DJI 

Phantom 2 UAS will be operated only in compliance with operating documents (i.e., the 

4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC Aerial Operations Manual, Monthly Maintenance Log, and DJI 

Phantom 2 Instruction Manual) which requires property owner involvement as well as local 

law enforcement notification, and in accordance with the Federal Aviation Regulations, 

including the minimum altitude requirements of 14 C.F.R. § 91.119. 

16 
E. The Reasons Why Granting The Exemption Would Not Adversely Affect Safety, 

Or How The Exemption Would Provide A Level Of Safety At Least Equal To That 

Provided By The Rule From Which 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption. 

1. Reasons Why The DJI Phantom 2 UA Meet The Conditions Of The FAA 

Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA) Section 333. 

In consideration of the size, weight, speed, and limited operating area associated with the 

unmanned aircraft and its operation, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC's operation of the DJI 

Phantom 2 UAS meets the conditions of FMRA Section 333, and will not require an 

airworthiness certificate in accordance with 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H. 

Section 333 provides authority for a UAS to operate without airworthiness certification and 

sets forth requirements for considering whether a UAS will create a hazard to users of the 

NAS or the public, or otherwise pose a threat to national security. Specifically, FMRA 

Section 333 states the following, in part: 

(a) In General. --Notwithstanding any other requirement of this subtitle, and not 

later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 

Transportation shall determine if certain unmanned aircraft systems may operate 

safely in the national airspace system before completion of the plan and 

rulemaking required by section 332 of this Act or the guidance required by 

section 334 of this Act. 

(b) Assessment of Unmanned Aircraft Systems. --In making the determination 

under subsection (a), the Secretary shall determine, at a minimum--

(1) which types of unmanned aircraft systems, if any, as a result of their 

size, weight, speed, operational capability, proximity to airports and 

populated areas, and operation within visual line of sight do not create a 

hazard to users of the national airspace system or the public or pose a 

threat to national security; and 

(2) Whether a certificate of waiver, certificate of authorization, or 

airworthiness certification under section 44704 of title 49, United States 

17 
Code, is required for the operation of unmanned aircraft systems 

identified under paragraph (1). 

(c) Requirements for Safe Operation.--lfthe Secretary determines under this 

section that certain unmanned aircraft systems may operate safely in the 

national airspace system, the Secretary shall establish requirements for the safe 

operation of such aircraft systems in the national airspace system. 

In seeking this exemption, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC submits that the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

TrimbleZXS, and Trimble UXS can operate safely in the NAS pursuant to FMRA Section 

333, as demonstrated by: (a) the characteristics of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS; (b) the pilot 

certification requirement; and (c) the specific operating limitations. 

a. The Specifications Of The DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and 

Trimble ZXS Demonstrate Its Safe Characteristics. 

The DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble ZXS, and Trimble UXS does not create a hazard to users 

of the NAS or the public, or otherwise pose a threat to national security considering its 

size, weight, speed, and operational capability. 

I. Technical Specifications Of The DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, 

Trimble ZXS. 

The technical specifications of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS are 

set forth by the DJI Phantom 2 User Manuals, attached hereto as Appendix A. 

D. The DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS 

Autonomous Flight And Navigation Modes Enable The UAS To 

Remain Within A Defined Operational Area. 

The DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS may be operated in both manual 

and fully autonomous flight modes. A complete description of the flight and navigational 

18 
modes of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS is provided at pages 25-35 of the OJI Phantom 2 User 

Manuals, attached hereto as Appendix A. 

iii. The DJI Phantom 2 UAS Are Designed For Automatic Return To 

Home Point Or Hover In The Event Of Loss Of The Control Link Or 

Navigation. 

When the Control Link is lost, the OJI Phantom 2 UA will remain stationary, in flight, for 3 

seconds or more. If, after 3 seconds, the OJI Phantom 2 UA does not reacquire control link 

data from the GCS, the UA will assume that the Control Link is lost and the UAs will return 

to the home position (i.e., failsafe mode) via GPS, and will descend to the takeoff position 

and shutdown. 

A complete description of the Failsafe Functions of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS are set forth at 

pages 27 through 29 of the OJI Phantom 2 User Manuals, attached hereto as Appendix A. 

IV. The DJI Phantom 2 and GCS And Its Operation. 

A complete description of the operation and specifications of the OJI Phantom 2 GCS and 

flight control software is provided at pages 32 through 43 of the OJI Phantom 2 User 

Manual. OJI Phantom 2 User Manuals are attached hereto as Appendix A. 

b. Flight Operations Of DJI Phantom 2 UAS Are Limited To The Line Of 

Sight Of A Certificated Pilot in Command With A Safety Observer. 

Chris Pusey, PLS for 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC will be the only person to act as a pilot in 

command (PIC) of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS. Additionally, a safety observer will assist him 

during flight time. 

c. Flights Of DJI Phantom 2 UAS. Trimble UXS. and Trimble ZXS Will Be 

Conducted Pursuant To Specific Operating Limitations. 

In seeking this exemption, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC proposes to commercially operate OJI 

Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS for the special purpose of conducting 

19 
aerial video and photography over certain areas of United States, pursuant to the 

following specific operating limitations: 

1. Operations authorized by this grant of exemption will be limited to the 

following aircraft described in the operating documents, a rotorcraft UAS 

weighing less than 55 pounds maximum gross weight: DJI Phantom 2, Trimble 

ZX5, and Trimble UX5 an Unmanned Aircraft System. Proposed operations of 

any other aircraft will require a new petition or a petition to amend this grant. 

2. UAS operations under this exemption will be limited to conducting operations 

for the purpose of aerial video and photography. 

3. The UA may not be flown at an indicated airspeed exceeding 20 knots. 

4. The UA must be operated at an altitude of no more than 500 feet above 

ground level (AGL), as indicated by the procedures specified in the operating 

documents unless a special request is made and approved by ATC. All altitudes 

reported to ATC must be in feet AGL. 

5. The UA must be operated within visual line of sight (VLOS) of the PIC at all 

times. This requires the PIC to be able to use human vision unaided by any 

device other than corrective lenses, as specified on the PIC's FAA-issued airman 

medical certificate. 

6. The use of first person view (FPV) by the PIC or safety observer (SO) is not 

permitted. 

7. All operations must utilize a safety observer (SO). The SO may be used to 

satisfy the VLOS requirement as long as the PIC always maintains VLOS 

capability. The SO and PIC must be able to communicate verbally at all times. 

Electronic messaging or texting is not permitted during flight operations. The 

20 
PIC must be designated before the flight and cannot transfer his or her 

designation for the duration of the flight. The PIC must ensure that the SO can 

perform the functions prescribed in the operating documents. 

8. The SO must not perform any other duties beyond assisting the PIC with 

seeing and avoiding other air traffic and other ground based 

obstacles/obstructions and is not permitted to operate the camera or other 

instruments. 

9. The operating documents and the grant of exemption must be accessible 

during UAS operations and made available to the Administrator upon request. If 

a discrepancy exists between the conditions and limitations contained in the 

grant of exemption and the procedures outlined in the operating documents, 

the conditions and limitations contained in the grant of exemption take 

precedence and must be followed. Otherwise, the operator must follow the 

procedures as outlined in its operating documents. The operator may update or 

revise its operating documents. It is the operator's responsibility to track such 

revisions and present updated and revised documents to the Administrator 

upon request. The operator must also present updated and revised documents 

if it petitions for extension or amendment to the grant of exemption. If the 

operator determines that any update or revision would affect the basis upon 

which the FAA granted the exemption, then the operator must petition for 

amendment to its grant of exemption. The FAA's UAS Integration Office (AFS80) may be contacted if questions arise regarding updates or revisions to the 

operating documents. 

10. Prior to each flight the PIC must inspect the UAS to ensure that it is in a 

condition for safe flight. If the inspection reveals a condition that affects the 

safe operation of the UAS, the aircraft is prohibited from operating until the 

necessary maintenance has been performed and the UAS is found to be in a 

condition for safe flight. The Ground Control Station must be included in the 

preflight inspection. All maintenance and alterations must be properly 

documented in the aircraft records. 

21 
11. Any UAS that has undergone maintenance or alterations that affect the UAS 

operation or flight characteristics, e.g. replacement of a flight critical 

component, must undergo a functional test flight. The PIC who conducts the 

functional test flight must make an entry in the aircraft records. 

12. The pre-flight inspection must account for all potential discrepancies, e.g. 

inoperable components, items, or equipment, not already covered in the 

relevant sections of the operating documents. 

13. The operator must follow the UAS manufacturer's aircraft/component, 

maintenance, overhaul; replacement, inspection, and life limit requirements. 

14. The operator must carry out its maintenance, inspections, and record 

keeping requirements, in accordance with the operating documents. 

Maintenance, inspection, alterations, and status of replacemenVoverhaul 

component parts must be noted in the aircraft records, including total time in 

service, description of work accomplished, and the signature of the authorized 

person returning the UAS to service. 

15. Each UASs operated under this exemption must comply with all 

manufacturer Safety Bulletins. 

16. The authorized person must make an entry in the aircraft record of the 

corrective action taken against discrepancies discovered between inspections. 

17. The operator may not permit any PIC to operate unless the PIC meets the 

operator's qualification criteria and demonstrates the ability to safely operate 

the UAS in a manner consistent with how the UAS will be operated under the 

exemption, including evasive and emergency maneuvers and maintaining 

appropriate distances from persons, vessels, vehicles and structures. PIC 

qualification flight hours must be logged in a manner consistent with 14 C.F.R 

22 
§ 61.51(b). Flights for the purposes of training the operator's PICs are permitted 

under the terms of the exemption. However, training operations may only be 

conducted during dedicated training sessions. During training, proficiency, and 

experience-building flights, all persons not essential for flight operations are 

considered nonparticipants, and the PIC must operate the UA with appropriate 

distance from nonparticipants in accordance with 14 C.F.R. § 91.119. 

18. UAS operations may not be conducted during night, as defined in 14 C.F.R. 

§ 1.1. All operations must be conducted under visual meteorological conditions 

(VMC). If flight at night is required, a special request will be made at the FAA 

office closest to proposed area of operations. Flights under special visual flight 

rules (SVFR) are not authorized. 

19. The UA may not operate within 5 nautical miles of an airport reference 

point as denoted on a current FAA-published aeronautical chart unless a letter 

of agreement with that airport's management is obtained, and the operation is 

conducted in accordance with a NOT AM as required by the operator's COA. 

The letter of agreement with the airport management must be made available 

to the Administrator upon request. 

20. The UA may not be operated less than 500 feet below or less than 2,000 

feet horizontally from a cloud or when visibility is less than 3 statute miles from 

the PIC. 

21. If the UA loses communications or loses its GPS signal, it must return to a 

pre- determined location within the planned operating area and land or be 

recovered in accordance with the operating documents. 

22. The PIC must abort the flight in the event of unpredicted obstacles or 

emergencies in accordance with the operating documents. 

23 

_j 
23. The PIC is prohibited from beginning a flight unless (considering wind and 

forecast weather conditions) there is enough power to fly at normal cruising 

speed to the intended landing point and land the UA with 25% battery power 

remaining. 

24. All aircraft operated in accordance with the exemption must be identified 

by serial number, registered in accordance with 14 C.F.R. part 47, and have 

identification (N- Number) markings in accordance with 14 C.F.R. part 45, 

Subpart C. Markings must be as large as practicable. 

25. Before conducting operations, the radio frequency spectrum used for 

operation and control of the UA must comply with the Federal 

Communications Commission (FCC) or other appropriate government 

oversight agency requirements. 

26. The documents required fewer than 14 C.F.R. 91.9 and 91.203 must be 

available to the PIC at the Ground Control Station of the UAS any time the UAS 

is operating. These documents must be made available to the Administrator or 

any law enforcement official upon request. 

27. The UA must remain clear and yield the right of way to all manned aviation 

operations and activities at all times. 

28. The UAS may not be operated by the PIC from any moving device or 

vehicle. 

29. Flight operations must be conducted at least 500 feet from all 

nonparticipating persons (persons other than the PIC, SO, operator trainees or 

essential persons), vessels, vehicles, and structures unless: 

24 
a. Barriers or structures are present that sufficiently protect 

nonparticipating persons from the UA and/or debris in the event of an 

accident. The operator must ensure that nonparticipating persons 

remain under such protection. If a situation arises where 

nonparticipating persons leave such protection and are within 500 feet 

of the UA, flight operations must cease immediately and/or; 

b. The aircraft is operated near vessels, vehicles or structures where the 

owner/controller of such vessels, vehicles or structures has granted 

permission and the PIC has made a safety assessment of the risk of 

operating closer to those objects and determined that it does not 

present an undue hazard, and; 

c. Operations nearer to the PIC, SO, operator trainees or essential 

persons do not present an undue hazard to those persons per § 

91.119(a). 

30. All operations shall be conducted over private or controlled-access 

property with permission from the land owner/controller or authorized 

representative. Permission from land owner/controller or authorized 

representative will be obtained for each flight to be conducted. 

2. Reasons Why An Exemption From The Requirements Of Section 

61.113(a) And (b) Would Not Adversely Affect Safety. 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC submits that the equivalent level of safety established by Section 

61.113(a) and (b) will be maintained because no PIC will be allowed to operate the DJI 

Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS unless that PIC has demonstrated, by 

meeting minimum flight-hour and currency requirements, that the PIC is able to safely 

operate the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZXS in a manner consistent 

with the exemption, including evasive and emergency maneuvers and maintaining 

appropriate distances from people, vessels, vehicles and structures. 

25 
Considering 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC's proposed area of operations, and the operating 

limitations set forth-above; the airmanship skills necessary to safely operate the DJI 

Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UX5, and Trimble ZX5, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC submits that the 

additional manned airmanship experience of a commercially certificated pilot would not 

correlate to the airmanship skills necessary for 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC's specific 

proposed flight operations. 

The FAA has previously granted relief from Section 61.113(a) and (b) specific to UAS, in 

circumstances similar, in all material respects, to those presented herein (e.g. Exemption 

Nos. 11062, 11063, 11064, 11065, 11066, 11067, 11080, 1110~ 11110, 11112, 1113~ 

11138, 11150, 11153, 11156, 11158, 11159, 11160, 11161). 

4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will not allow any PIC to operate the DJI Phantom 2 UAS unless 

that PIC has demonstrated, by meeting minimum flight-hour requirements or the DJI 

Phantom 2 UAS training and currency requirements, that the PIC is able to safely operate 

the DJI Phantom 2 or DJI Phantom 3 UAS in a manner consistent with this exemption, 

including evasive and emergency maneuvers and maintaining appropriate distances from 

people, vessels, vehicles and structures. 

Specifically, the PIC must have accumulated and logged, in a manner consistent with 14 

C.F.R. § 61.51(b), 25 hours of total time as a UAS rotorcraft pilot (with a minimum of 5 

hours of those hours as a UAS pilot operating the same make and model of UAS to be 

used for operations under the exemption). In addition to the hour requirements, the PIC 

must accomplish 3 takeoffs and landings in the preceding 90 days (for currency purposes). 

As in Exemption Nos. 11062, 11138, and 11153, prior documented flight experience that 

was obtained in compliance with applicable regulations will ensure an equivalent level of 

safety during 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC's proposed operations. The Administrator has held 

that prior documented flight experience that was obtained in compliance with applicable 

regulations would ensure safe operations, stating as follows: 

In Exemption No. 11062, the FAA required that prior to conducting operations for 

the purpose of motion picture filming (or similar operations), the PIC must have 

accumulated and logged, in a manner consistent with 14 CFR 61.51(b), 25 hours of 

total time as a UAS rotorcraft pilot including at least 10 hours logged as a UAS 

pilot with a multi-rotor UAS. Prior to operations under Exemption No. 11062, the 

PIC must also have accumulated and logged a minimum of 5 hours as a UAS pilot 

operating the same make and model of UAS to be used for operations under the 

exemption. For clarification, the FAA considers these minimum hour requirements 

to be inclusive rather than additive; i.e. 5 hours make and model time may be 

26 
included in the 10 hours of multi-rotor time and the 10 hours may be included in 

the total 25 hours of UAS rotorcraft time. In addition to the hour requirements, the 

PIC must accomplish 3 takeoffs and landings in the preceding 90 days (for currency 

purposes). The FM finds that at a minimum, the flight-hour requirements in 

Exemption No. 11062 are appropriate to practice and build proficiency in the skills 

necessary to safely conduct the petitioner's proposed operations. The FAA also 

finds that prior documented flight experience that was obtained in compliance 

with applicable regulations would satisfy this requirement. Training, proficiency, 

and experience-building flights can also be conducted under the grant of 

exemption to accomplish the required flight time. During training, proficiency, and 

experience-building flights the PIC is required to operate the UA with appropriate 

distances in accordance with 14 C.F.R 91.119. 

Exemption No. 11138 at page 15. 

Accordingly, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will ensure safe operations by not allowing any PIC 

to operate the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UX5, and Trimble ZX5 unless that PIC has 

demonstrated, by meeting minimum flight-hour and currency requirements, that the PIC is 

able to safely operate the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UX5, and Trimble ZX5 in a manner 

consistent with the exemption, including evasive and emergency maneuvers and 

maintaining appropriate distances from people, vessels, vehicles and structures. 

3. Reasons Why An Exemption From The Requirements Of Section 91.7(a) 

Would Not Adversely Affect Safety. 

The equivalent level of safety established by Section 91.7(a) will be maintained because 

prior to every flight, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will ensure that the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

Trimble UXS, and Trimble ZX5 is in an airworthy condition based upon the UAS's 

compliance with its operating documents and as stated in the conditions and limitations 

herein. 

Additionally, the FM has previously granted relief from Section 91.7(a) specific to UAS, in 

circumstances similar, in all material respects, to those presented herein (e.g. Exemption 

Nos. 11062,11063,11064,11065,11066,11067,11080,11109,11110,11112, 1113~ 

11138, 11150, 11153, 11156, 11157, 11158, 11159, 11160, 11161). 

27 
4. Reasons Why An Exemption From The Requirements Of Section 91.121 

Would Not Adversely Affect Safety. 

The equivalent level of safety established by Section 91.121 will be maintained because 

the altitude information of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UX5, and Trimble ZX5 will be 

provided to the PIC via GPS equipment and a radio communications telemetry data link, 

which downlinks from the UA to the GCS for active monitoring of the flight path and 

altitude. This altitude information combined with 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC's operation of 

the OJI Phantom 2 UA within visual line of sight, at or below 500 feet AGL, will ensure a 

level of safety equivalent to Section 91.121. The altitude information will be generated by 

GPS equipment installed on board the aircraft. Prior to each flight, a zero altitude initiation 

point is automatically established by the UASs at ground level. 

The FAA has previously granted relief from Section 91.121 specific to UAS, in 

circumstances similar, in all material respects, to those presented herein (e.g. Exemption 

Nos. 11062,11063,11064,11065,11066,11067,11080,11109,11112,11136,11138, 

11150, 11153, 11156, 11157, 11158, 11159, 11160, 11161). 

5. Reasons Why An Exemption From The Requirements Of Section 

91.151(b) Would Not Adversely Affect Safety. 

A grant of this exemption would ensure an equivalent level of safety established by 14 

C.F.R. Section 91.151(b) as a result of (1) the technical specifications of the OJI Phantom 2 

UAS; (2) the limitations on the proposed flight operations; and (3) the location of the 

proposed flight operations. Accordingly, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC will ensure that it will 

safely operate the battery powered OJI Phantom 2 UA during daylight hours in VFR 

conditions, with enough battery power to fly for a total duration of 13.5 minutes to the 

first point of intended landing and, assuming normal cruising speed, to fly after that for at 

least 4.5 minutes. 

Here, as in Exemption No. 11109, the technical specifications of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS; 

the limitations on the proposed flight operations; and the location of the proposed 

operations, will ensure an equivalent level of safety established by 14 C.F.R. Section 

91.151(b). Furthermore, safety will be ensured as the OJI Phantom 2 UAS provide audible 

and visual warnings to the PIC at the GCS when the UA experiences low battery voltage, 

the first warning occurring at approximately 33% remaining battery power, and again at 

28 
approximately 10% remaining battery power. At the critically low battery level, the OJI 

Phantom 2 UAS will descend and land automatically. 

Significantly, previous exemptions granted by the FAA concerning Section 91.151 establish 

that safety is not adversely affected when the technical characteristics and operating 

limitations of the UAS are considered. Relief has been granted for manned aircraft to 

operate at less than the minimums prescribed in Section 91.151, including Exemption Nos. 

2689, 5745, and 10650. Moreover, the FAA has previously granted relief from Section 

91.151 specific to UAS, in circumstances similar, in all material respects, to those presented 

herein (e.g. Exemption Nos. 8811, 10808, 10673, 11042, 11062, 11063, 11064, 11065, 

11066,11067,11080,11109,11110,11136,11138,11150,11153,11156,11157,11158, 

11159, 11160, 11161). 

6. Reasons Why An Exemption From The Requirements Of Sections 

91.405(a). 91.407(a)(l). 91.409(a)(l) & (a)(2). And 91.417(a) & (b) Would 

Not Adversely Affect Safety. 

In seeking this exemption, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC submits that the equivalent level of 

safety with regard to the regulatory maintenance and alteration requirements established 

by Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b) will be met 

because 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC will use trained technicians to perform maintenance, 

alterations, or preventive maintenance on the UAS using the methods, techniques, and 

practices prescribed in the operating documents (i.e., the 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Aerial 

Operations Manual, Monthly Maintenance Log, and the OJI Phantom 2 Instruction 

Manual). Furthermore, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC will document and maintain all 

maintenance records for the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, Trimble UX5, and Trimble ZX5. 

Since the OJI Phantom 2 UAS will be inspected as prescribed by the operating documents, 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC will maintain the equivalent level of safety established by 

Sections 91.405(a), 91.409(a)(1), and 91.409(a)(2). Copies of the OJI Phantom 2 User 

Manuals are attached hereto as Appendix A; a copy of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS 

Maintenance LOG is attached hereto as Appendix B. 

Likewise, the exemption sought will not adversely affect safety because 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC will use trained technicians to perform maintenance, alterations or 

preventive maintenance on the UAS using the methods, techniques, and practices 

prescribed by the operating documents. 

29 
Furthermore, the exemption sought would maintain an equivalent level of safety 

established by Sections 91.407, 91.417(a) and 91.417(b), because all maintenance of the 

OJI Phantom 2 UAS will be performed by trained technicians. Maintenance will be 

documented and maintained utilizing the monthly maintenance log. 

Significantly, previous exemptions granted by the FAA concerning Sections 91.405(a), 

91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b) establish that safety is not adversely 

affected when the technical characteristics and operating limitations of the UAS are 

considered. 

In consideration of 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC's proposed operating limitations, the 

operating documents, and the technical aspects of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, 40 SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC submits that safety will not be adversely affected by granting exemption 

from 14 C.F.R. Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1) and (a)(2), 91.409(a)(2), and 91.417(a) and 

(b). The FAA has previously granted relief specific to UAS in circumstances similar, in all 

material respects, to those presented herein (e.g. Exemption Nos. 11062, 11063, 11064, 

11065,11066,11067,11080,11109,11110,11112,11136,11138,11150,11153,11156, 

11157, 11158, 11159, 11160, 11161). 

7. The FAA May Prescribe Any Other Conditions For Safe Operation. 

In accordance with Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA) 

and 14 C.F.R. § 21.16 entitled Special Conditions, 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC requests that 

the FAA prescribe special conditions for the intended operation of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS, 

which contain such safety standards that the Administrator finds necessary to establish a 

level of safety equivalent to that established by 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H, and 14 C.F.R 

§§ 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7 (a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), 

and 91.417(a) & (b). Such special conditions will permit safe operation of the UA for the 

limited purpose of conducting aerial video and photography over certain areas of the 

United States for compensation or hire. FMRA Section 333 sets forth the requirements for 

considering whether a UAS will create a hazard to users of the NAS or the public, or 

otherwise pose a threat to national security; and further, provides the authority for such 

UAS to operate without airworthiness certification in accordance with any requirements 

that must be established for the safe operation of the UAS in the NAS. 

Likewise, the Administrator may prescribe special conditions pursuant to 14 C.F.R. 

§ 21.16, for operation of the OJI Phantom 2 UAS, since the airworthiness regulations of 14 

C.F.R. Part 21 do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards, due to the novel 

or unusual design features of the aircraft. Section 21.16, entitled Special Conditions, states 

the following: 

30 
If the FAA finds that the airworthiness regulations of this subchapter do not 

contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for an aircraft, aircraft engine, or 

propeller because of a novel or unusual design feature of the aircraft, aircraft 

engine or propeller, he prescribes special conditions and amendments thereto for 

the product. The special conditions are issued in accordance with Part 11 of this 

chapter and contain such safety standards for the aircraft, aircraft engine or 

propeller as the FAA finds necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that 

established in the regulations. 

See 14 C.F.R. § 21.16. 

Therefore, in accordance with FMRA Section 333 and 14 C.F.R. § 21.16, the FAA may 

prescribe special conditions for 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC's intended operation of the DJI 

Phantom 2 UAS, which contain such safety standards that the Administrator finds 

necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by 14 C.F.R. Part 21, 

Subpart H, and 14 C.F.R Sections 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7(a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 

91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b). 

A Summary That Can Be Published in the Federal Register, stating: The Rules 

From Which 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC Seeks Exemption: 

40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks exemption {rom the requirements of 14 C.F.R Sections 

61.113(a)&(b), 91.7(a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & 

(a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b). 

A Brief Description Of The Nature Of The Exemption 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC 

Seeks: 

This exemption will permit 40 SITE SOLUTIONS INC to commercially operate an 

Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) {or the purpose of conducting aerial video and 

photography over certain areas of the United States. 

31 
Any Additional Information, Views, or Arguments Available To Support 40 

SITE SOLUTIONS INC Request. 

This Petition is made pursuant to the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 

(FMRA) Section 333, which directs the Secretary of Transportation to determine if certain 

UAS may operate safely in the NAS. As such, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC's request for 

exemption may be granted pursuant to the authority of FMRA Section 333 and 14 C.F.R. 

Part 11, as set forth above. 

FMRA Section 333 sets forth the requirements for considering whether a UAS will create a 

hazard to users of the NAS or the public, or otherwise poses a threat to national security; 

and further, provides the authority for such UAS to operate without airworthiness 

certification. 

As discussed in detail above, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC will operate the DJI Phantom 2 UAS 

safely in the NAS, without creating a hazard to users of the NAS, or the public, or 

otherwise pose a threat to national security. 

CONCLUSION 

As set forth herein, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC seeks an exemption pursuant to 14 C.F.R. § 

11.61 and Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA), which 

will permit safe operation of the DJI Phantom 2 UAS commercially, without an 

airworthiness certificate, for the limited purpose of conducting aerial video and 

photography over certain areas of the United States. By granting this Petition, the FAA 

Administrator will be fulfilling the Congressional mandate of the FAA Modernization and 

Reform Act of 2012, while also advancing the interests of the public, by allowing 4D SITE 

SOLUTIONS INC to safely, efficiently, and economically operate the DJI Phantom 2 UAS 

commercially within the NAS. 

WHEREFORE, in accordance with the Federal Aviation Regulations and the FAA 

Modernization and Reform Act of 2012, Section 333, 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC respectfully 

requests that the Administrator grant this Petition for an exemption from the 

requirements of 14 C.F.R Sections 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7(a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 

91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b), and permit 4D SITE SOLUTIONS INC 

to operate the DJI Phantom 2 UAS commercially for the purpose of conducting aerial 

video and photography over certain areas of the United States. 

Dated: June 30, 2015 

32 
Appendices: 

A - DJI Phantom 2 Manual: 

B - DJI Phantom 3 Specifications Data Sheet 

C - Month!y Maintenance log 

D- DJI Phantom Users Guide 

33 

Respectfully submitted, 

Chris Pusey, PLS 

for 4D Site Solutions Inc. 

409 Chicago Drive Ste. 112 

Fayetteville, North Carolina 28306 

910-426-6777 
APPENDIX-A 

DJI PHANTOM 2 TECHNICAL SPEOFICATIONS 

4D Site Solutions onlv utilizes safe and reliable UASs. DJI is an industrv leader in small UAS 

oroduction. DJI UASs are loaded with around breakina software enablina the user to set 

oarameters which will not allow fliaht into controlled airsoace. Parameters can also be set 

to limit fliaht to no hiaher than a oredetermined and set altitude as well as limit fliaht to a 

oredetermined and set distance. In addition. DJI software orovides real-time altitude and 

location information to the PIC via the linked monitor (smart phone/tablet devices) 

1.1 DJI Phantom 2 

1.1.1 Aircraft 

1.1.1.1 Supported Battery- DJI 5200mAH LiPo Battery 

1.1.1.2 Weight (Battery & Propellers Included) - 21bs 11.810oz (1242g) 

1.1.1.3 Hover Accuracy (Ready to Fly)- Vertical: .8m; Horizontal: 2.5m 

1.1.1.4 Max Yaw Angular Velocity- 200°/s 

1.1.1.5 Max Tilt Angel- 35° 

1.1.1.6 Max Ascent Speed- 6m/s 

1.1.1.7 Max Descent Speed- 2m/s 

1.1.1.8 Max Flight Speed -lSm/s (NOT RECOMMENDED) 

1.1.2 Gimbal 

1.1.2.1 Working Current- Static: 750mA; Dynamic: 900mA 

1.1.2.2 Control Accuracy - ±0.03° 

1.1.2.3 Controllable Range- Pitch: -90° - 0° 

1.1.2.4 Maximum Angular Speed- Pitch: 90°/s 

1.1.3 Camera 

1.1.3.1 Operating Temperature Range - 32°F - 104°F (0°C - 40°() 

1.1.3.2 Sensor Size- l/2.3" 

1.1.3.3 Effective Pixels- 14M 

34 
1.1.3.4 Resolution - 4384x3288 

4.1.3.5 HD Video Recording -1080p30 & 720p 

4.1.3.6 Recording Field of View- 110°/85° 

1.1.4 Transmitter 

1.1.4.1 Operating Frequency- 5.728GHz- 5.85GHz 

1.1.4.2 Communication Distance (unobstructed) - FCC Compliance: 800m 

1.1.4.3 Receiver Sensitivity (1%PER)- -93dBm 

1.1.4.4 Transmitter Power- FCC Compliance: 100mW 

1.1.4.5 Working Voltage -120mA@3.7V 

1.1.5 Range Extender 

1.1.5.1 Operating Frequency- 2412-2462MHz 

1.1.5.2 Communication Distance (unobstructed)- 500-700m 

1.1.5.3 Transmitter Power- 20dBm 

1.1.5.4 Power Consumption- 2W 

35 
OJ I Phantom 2 UAS-40-001 

nsoection D ate Aircraft Reoairs needed Wh Odl 'd reoa1rwo rk? 

DJI Phantom 2 
PH N 2 User Manual Vl4 

10 

5.01 

Congratulations on purchasing your new DJI product. Please thoroughly read the entire contents of this manual to 

fully use and understand the product. 

It is advised that you regularly check the PHANTOM 2 's product page at www.dji.com which is updated on a 

regular basis. This will provide services such as product information, technical updates and manual corrections. Due 

to any unforeseen changes or product upgrades, the information contained within this manual is subject to change 

without notice. 

DJI and PHANTOM 2 are registered trademarks of DJI. Names of product, brand, etc., appearing in this manual are 

trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owner companies. This product and manual are copy 

righted by DJI with all rights reserved. 

If you have any questions or concerns regarding your product, please contact your dealer or DJI Customer Service. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.ll 
Content 

CONTENT •....•........•....••..••.•...•...........•.....••....•....•....•.............•........••....•.....•..••....•.....••..•• 2 

IN THE BOX ..................................................................................................................... 4 

LEGEND •.........••..••.......•.•....•...•.•..•.......•.....•....••....•••..............•..••....•....••.•.•..•.......••....•.... 4 

1. PHANTOM 2 AIRCRAFT ............................................................................................... 5 

1.1 BUILT-IN FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM INSTRUCTIONS .................................................................. 5 

1.2 CoNNECTioNs wiTH OTHER DJI PRoDuCTs ........................................................................... 5 

Important Notes of Using with Other OJ/ Products ........................................................ 6 

Connections with Other OJ/ Products ............................................................................. 7 

1.3LED FLIGHT INDICATORS DESCRIPTION ............................................................................... 11 

1.4 NOTES FOR PHANTOM 2 USING WITH OTHER DJI PRODUCTS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 12 

2 PROPELLERS ............................................................................................................... 13 

2.1 AsSEMBLY ..................................................................................................................... 13 

2.2 DISASSEMBLY ................................................................................................................ 13 

2.3 NOTES ......................................................................................................................... 13 

3 REMOTE CONTROLLER ............................................................................................... 14 

3.1 POWER ON THE REMOTE CONTROLLER ............................................................................... 14 

3.2 REMOTE CoNTROLLER LED INDICATOR STATUS .................................................................... 15 

3.2.1 Remote Controller Power LED Indicator Status ................................................... 15 

3.2.2 Remote Controller Battery Level Indicator Status ............................................... 15 

3.3 ANTENNA ORIENTATION .................................................................................................. 16 

3.4 REMOTE CoNTROLLER OPERATION ••••• •••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••• 16 

3.5 LINKING THE REMOTE CONTROLLER & BUILT -IN RECEIVER ...................................................... 18 

4 INTELLIGENT BATTERY ............................................................................................... 19 

4.1 CHARGING PROCEDURES .................................................................................................. l9 

4.21NSTALL THE BATIERY ...................................................................................................... 20 

4.3 BATTERY USAGE ............................................................................................................. 20 

4.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE BATIERY LEVEL INDICATOR ................................................................... 21 

4.5 CORRECT BATIERY USAGE NOTES ...................................................................................... 22 

5 CALIBRATING THE COMPASS ...................................................................................... 23 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved. 2 I 
5.1 CALIBRATION WARNINGS ................................................................................................. 23 

5.2 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES .............................................................................................. 23 

5.3 WHEN RECALIBRATION IS REQUIRED ................................................................................... 23 

6 FLIGHT ....................................................................................................................... 24 

6.1 FLYING ENVIRONMENT REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................. 24 

6.2 STARTING THE MOTORS ................................................................................................... 24 

6.3 TAKEOFF/lANDING PROCEDURES ....................................................................................... 24 

6.4 FAILSAFE FUNCTION ........................................................................................................ 25 

6.5 LOW BATTERY CAPACITY WARNING FUNCTION ..................................................................... 27 

6.6 FLIGHT LIMITS FUNCTION ................................................................................................. 27 

Max Height & Radius Limits ......................................................................................... 27 

6. 7 FLIGHT LIMITS OF SPECIAL AREAS ...................................................................................... 28 

6.8 CONDITIONS OF FLIGHT LiMITS ......................................................................................... 30 

Disclaimer ..................................................................................................................... 30 

7 ASSISTANT INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION ...................................................... 31 

7.11NSTALLING DRIVER AND PHANTOM 2 AsSISTANT ............................................................... 31 

7.2 USING THE PHANTOM 2AsSISTANTON A PC .................................................................... 32 

7.3 FIRMWARE UPGRADE OF PHANTOM 2 ............................................................................. 33 

7.4 PHANTOM RC ASSISTANT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................... 33 

8 APPENDIX .•.......••....•............•.•........•....................•....•........••.....•..••....•.••..••••...•••...••... 35 

8.1 5PECIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................. 35 

8.2 LED FLIGHT INDICATORS DESCRIPTION ............................................................................... 35 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.3 I 
PHANTOM 2 Remote Controller-2.4GHz 

Intelligent Battery Charger 

Screwdriver Assistant Wrench 

/ 

Legend 

0 Forbidden(lmportant) Caution 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.4 I 

Tip 

Propeller Pair 

i\ n 

I \ I \ 

: ~ I ~ 

)('; 

\ \ I ) 

·, • . ,f t! 

I i u v 

Piug Set 

Cables 

~ Reference 
1 PHANTOM 2 Aircraft 

[9j 

f10} 

~7} 

~ [8} [11] 

Figure 1-1 Figure 1-2 

[l]Propeller [2]Motor [3]Front Side [4]Front LEDs [S]Micro-USB Port [6]Landing Gear [7]Receiver 

Antenna [8]CAN-Bus Connector [9]LED Flight Indicators [lO]DJI Intelligent Battery [ll]Compass 

1.1 Built-in Flight Control System Instructions 

The built-in flight control system is used to control the entire aircraft's functions in flight such as Pitch (forwards 

and backwards), Roll (left and right), Elevator (up and down) and Yaw (turn left or right). The flight controller 

contains the MC (Main Controller),IMU, GPS, compass, receiver. 

The IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) has a built-in inertial sensor and a barometric altimeter that measures both 

attitude and altitude. The compass reads geomagnetic information which assists the GPS (Global Position System) 

to accurately calculate the aircrafts position and height in order to lock the aircraft in a stable hover. The receiver is 

used to communicate with the remote controller and the MC acts as the brains of the complete flight control 

system connecting and controlling all the modules together. 

The PHANTOM 2 can be configured in the Assistant, by choosing Naza-M mode or Phantom 2 mode. 

This manual is for Phantom 2 mode. Please refer to the Naza-fv1 V2 Quick Start i'-1anual for more 

information. 

1.2 Connections with Other DJI Products 

PHANTOM 2 is compatible with other DJI products, including ZENMUSE H3-2D and H3-3D gimbal , iOSD mini , 

iOSD Mark II. Below are connections for these products and wireless video transmission module. 

i' 

fuimb.ai i'T'h.H.onbr.g ?-o-~iioni 1Mount the H3-2D/H3-3D !--"'""-',; 

jgimbal using 4 screws. ~ ... '" !_ ________ I '0 

Figure 1-3 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.5 I 

,---------
Important Notes of Using with Other DJI Products 

'1 1 (_ J 

transm:s;ion tnodu!e ;s undet· 2.4... as an overc,.J:rre!lt wHI damage the centt-al board's ccrno::nents. If the 

wire!ess vldeo trans•nission module. 

{ 4 ) Be s;_we to kEep the wireless video ~r2nsm!ssicn :t1oduie and othe; commun!catir~g devices avvay from the 

( 5 To improve the compatibility with ZENMUSE gimbals, the latest factory deliveries of PHANTOM 2 has 

updated to the Version 2 shown below. H3-2D/H3-3D gimbal can be directly installed for the Version 2 

while for Version 1, a H3-3D adapter kit (coming soon) is required to install the H3-3D gimbal. 

Figure 1-4 

( 6 ) When using the H3-3D gimbal, please connect the 8-Pin cable of PHANTOM 2 to the G8 port of H3-3D 

shown below. 

Figure 1-5 

©2013-2015 DJL All Rights Reserved.6 I 
Connections with Other DJI Products 

( 1 ) Connecting the H3-2D and H3-3D gimbel end wireless video trensmlaslon module, the figure below uses 

H3-2D es an example. 

'[] : a & I 

~ T 0 0 f 

L.:------~ 

Figure 1-6 

( 2 } Connecting the H3-2D and H3-3D gimbal, iOSD mini and wireless video transmission module, the figure 

below uses H3-2D es an example. 

l-..---..J 

Figure 1-7 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.7 I 

---- -------~ Duenpti-o:rt of thii: Vid&c Cabl<i!! 

(-~t;.qui.mce- by color) 

VIDEO 

- VIDEOGND 

--v~ ~ 

._~_G.!!!)_-------....:. 

~/ 

~ 

ZEN MUSE~ >!3~1£> I 

;~ i u I ~...:; ________ _ 
( 3 ) Connec:ting the H3-2D and H3-3D gimbal, iOSD mini and DJI specified wireless video tnlnsmission module 

A Vl58, the figure below uses H3-2D as an example. 

Figure 1-8 

r---------------

Oe-scription of the Vjdeo Cable i 

{i.equene:e by color} 

VIDEO 

~ ZeNMUSE1 

H3-20 I 

I 

! 

We recommend connecting the VBat• port of the video cable to the two BATT+ ports of the AVL58 

simultaneously. The same is true of the GND port of the video cable and two BA TI- ports. 

( 4 ) Conneeting the H3-2D and H3-3D gimba~ iOSD Marie: II and wireless video tnlnsmission module. the figure 

below uses H3-2D as an example. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.B I 
f ~ w;ekss-;id;~ ;an:-m;;:i;; - ~ i~~~Tt-~::.-itte--~t".:;)\~hy; 

1! OJI(AVL58} ~ 

il OR !!r---------~~~ l f OthtH• Wit$ieu vldeo transminionJ 

~~;__T~$ml~ ~ ~ .._ -~ 1 

J l 

Figure 1-9 

-zEN'MusE' H~1P I 

The diagram beiow iiiustrates the connedton between the iOSD j-.·1ark ll and the wireless video transmission module. 

~-- ----8ATI.l--..Js;t----- ------, 

I BATT· i-----1 Batt- i 

BA TT• I-----I Batt+ Otnar wirele .. video l 

BAIT+i-----IBatt+ tJ:"«rn:r.mis5ion modvl-e f UART I ! T r;msmltt«r 

UART i 

l i iOSOI-f.rkll 

I AV-GND ~VIDEOGND , 

:__ - - - - _Ay_..O~ ~ ~~~<?.._ - - - - - - - - _! 

j iOSDMarkH 

BATT· i 

I 

BATT·' I 

BATT•l- BATT• ·~==:m~ 

UART' 

UART 

AV-GND 1 

AY·OUT, --------..1 

Use the 8-Pin cable in the iOSD Mark II package when connecting to the DJI specified wireless video 

transmission module AVL58. 

( 5 ) Using the iPad Ground Station 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.9 I 
Air E~d 

c~~u~clEnd 

Figure l-10 

t 

iPad Ground 

Statitm 

Connect the Air End of 2.4G Bluetooth Datalink to a spared CAN-Bus port of iOSD if an iOSD is used. 

( 6 ) Using the PC Ground Station 

Air End 

Figure l-11 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.10 I 
1.3 LED Flight Indicators Description 

1. LED flight Indicators are used to show the aircraft's current status. Once powered on. the indicators will light 

up. 

Aircraft In Normal status 

Power On Self-Test 

Warming Up & Aircraft cannot take off during warming up 

Ready to Fly (non-GPS) 

1" Level Low Battery Capacity Warning 

2"" Level Low Battery Capacity Warning ----------··········-+·-··········-·········-

Not Stationary or Sensor Bias is too big 

Errors & Aircraft cannot fly. 

• • Compass data abnormal because of ferro-magnetic interference or 

( 1 ) The LED indicators diagram above are for Phantom 2 mode. In Naza-M mode, LED indicators 

will work according to the Naza-M tlight control system. 

( 2 ) Connect to the PHANTOM 2 Assistant for detailed information about warnings and errors. 

2. The front LEDs are for indicating where the nose of the aircraft is. They light up solid red only after the motors 

have spooled up. 

TheUontt=~~~~~~--~~:1~:;;=~ 

LEDs 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.11 I 
1.4 Notes for PHANTOM 2 using with other DJI products 

Before using PHANTOM 2 with other DJI products, users should connecting the products correctly and upgrade 

the firmware as requirements below. 

Vl.O.l.l9 or above PHANTOM 2 

*The iOSD Assistant is applied to both iOSD Mark II and iOSD mini. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.12 I 
2 Propellers 

PHANTOM 2 uses the original 9-inch propellers which are classified by the color of each central nut. Damaged 

propellers should be replaced by purchasing new ones if necessary. 

Propellers Grey Nut (9450) Black Nut (9450 R) ---·· 

-~ ~--

Diagram ~~~ =======---~ to the motor thread that does Attach to the motor thread that has a 

Assembly Location 

not have a black dot. black dot. 

Fastening/Un-fastening 'lJ Lock: Tighten the propeller in this direction. 

Instructions <'~. ;-h··.¥ Unlock: Remove the propeller in this direction. 

2.1 Assembly 

1. ( Figure 2-1 ) Remove the four warning cards from the motors after you've read them. 

2. ( Figure 2-2 ) Prepare the two grey nut propellers and two black nut propellers. Make sure to match the 

black nut propellers with the correctly marked black dot motors. Tighten the propellers according to the 

fastening instructions. 

Figure2-l Figure2-2 Figure2-3 

2.2 Disassembly 

( Figure 2-3 ) Keep the motor deadlocked in place with the assistant wrench (or one hand) and remove the 

propeller according to the un-fastening instructions. 

2.3 Notes 

1. Propellers are self tightening during flight. DO NOT use any thread locker on the threads. 

2. Make sure to match the propeHer nut colors with the corresponding motors. 

3. It is advised to wear protective gloves during propeller assembly and removal. 

4. Check that the propellers and motors are installed correctly and firmly before every flight. 

5. Check that all propellers are in good condition before flight. DO NOT use any ageing, chipped, or broken 

propellers. 

6. To evoid injury, STAND CLEAR of and DO NOT touch th:e propellers or motors when they are< spinning, 

7. ONLY use original DJI propellers for a better and safer flight experience. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.131 
3 Remote Controller 

The PHANTOM 2 remote controller can be configured in the PHANTOM RC Assistant. The sticks mode is Mode 2 

on delivery . 

. ··.J For upgraded remote contro!fer (models: NDJ6 or NRC900), select "Upgrade Version .. in Phantom Assistant. 

For basic remote controller (models: DJ6 or RC900), select "Basic Version" in Phantom Assistant. 

{1] 

+ !4••• Pl " ® I 

,!:i~[H] 

Figure 3-1 

[12j 

!14] 

[B] 

Figure 3-2 

[l]Antenna [2]Carrying Handle [3]Left Dial [4]3-Position Switch 51 [5]3-Position Switch 52 [6]Joystickl(J1;J2) 

[7]Joystick2(J3;J4) [8]Neck Strap Attachment [9]Power Switch [lO]Power Indicator 

[ll]Battery Level Indicators LED1/LED2/LED3/LED4 (from left to right) [l2]T rainer Port 

[l3]Battery Charge & RC Assistant Port (micro-USB port) [14] Potentiometer 

3.1 Power on the Remote Controller 

1. Set the 51 and 52 switches to the upper most position and ensure both joysticks are at 

the mid-point position. Then toggle on the power switch. 

2. Push the power switch to the right to power on the remote controller. If the power LED 

I I 

L 

indicator is solid on, the remote controller is functioning normally. The battery level 

indicators display the current battery level. 

1. Please make sure the battery level of remote controller is enough. If the low voltage warning alert 

sounds (refer to <Remote Controller Power LED Indicator Status>), please recharge the battery as soon 

as possible. 

2. Charge the remote controller's battery by using the included micro-USB cable. Using the incorrect 

type of charging cable may cause damage. 

3. Turn off the remote controller before charging. The power LED indicator will display solid red when 

charging is in progress. The LED indicators will display solid green when the battery is fully charged. 

©201.5-201!> DJi. All Rights Heserved.141 
3.2 Remote Controller LED Indicator Status 

3.2.1 Remote Controller Power LED Indicator Status 

.-----------------,------------.---------------------------------------------------~ ! Power LED Indicator I Sound__j Remote ~ntroller Status r---- i , ----

~ ~ f None ; Functioning normally. _______,__ 

I ! None l Charging( remote controller is powered off) ! a-.---·---'-'··~-<""-~-~-~-------~~--~--···-~----~--L--~-·---··-······-····-----·-··------·-~--·~-----··-------···-~-----··-,. 

!-·-------·-··-···-----+~;~;-+:~:~~~~:~!:~~~~~~~;~:~~-~::::;::~~-~~~ j - i ! .. . . ! 1 l Cnt1callow voltage (from 3.45V -3.5V). Recharge the remote !' 

i •• •••• I 8-8-B._ I 

! ! I controller immediately. I f----------·--------·-l-----·-----r-·---~----·-.. ----.. -·-·-·---·-------------·--·-l l j I Alert will sound after 15 minutes of inactivity. It will stop once you i 

i • .. • • l 8-B-B.._ i ! L ___ ~ _ ___j ____ , _____ j_~ta~using t~,:_::~mote co_~:roll':':_: ____________________ _j 

The remote controller will power off automatically when battery voltage drops below 3.45V. Land and 

-f . recharge the battery as soon as possible when the low voltage alert occurs to avoid loss of control 

during flight. 

3.2.2 Remote Controller Battery Level Indicator Status 

The battery level indicators will show the current battery level during both the discharging process. The following is 

a description of the indicators . 

• :The LED is solid on • :The LED will blink regularly 

• :The LED is light off 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.15J 
3.3 Antenna Orientation 

The remote controller's antenna should point skywards without obstructions for maximum communication range 

during flight. 

Figure3-3 

3.4 Remote Controller Operation 

The operations of remote controiier are based on mode 2 stick configuration. 

Definitions 

The' stick neutral' positions and 'stick released' mean the control sticks of the remote controller are placed at 

the central position. 

To 'move the stick' means that the stick of remote controller is pushed away from the central position. 

Slide L- i~ !l~P.d for thf! pitch control of th<> 1-13-?D 1>nd 1-13-3D gimbAl. 

Remote 

Controller 

Aircraft 

( • nose direction ) 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.161 

Operation detaHs 

The throttle stick controls aircraft altitude/elevation. 

Push the stick up and the aircraft will rise. 

Pull the stick down and the aircraft will descend. 111. The aircraft will automatically hover and hold its 

altitude if the sticks are centered. 

Push the throttle stick above the centered (mid-point) 

position to make the aircraft take off. When flying, we 

suggest that you push the throttle stick slowly to 

the aircraft from sudden and unexpected 
The yaw stick controls the aircraft rudder. 

Push the stick left and the aircraft will rotate counter 

clock-wise. 

Push the stick right and the aircraft will rotate 

clock·wise. If the stick is centered, the aircraft will 

remain facing the same direction. 

The yaw stick controls the rotating angular velocity of 

the aircraft. Pushing the stick further away from center 

results in a faster aircraft rotation 

The pitch stick controls the aircraft's front & back tilt. 

Push the stick up and the aircraft will tilt and fly 

forward. 

Pull the stick down and the aircraft will tilt and fly 

backward. The aircraft will keep level and straight if the 

stick is centered. 

Pushing or pulling the stick further away from center 

will result in a larger tilt angle (maximum of is 35") and 

··~··i··· -··-··· •... >< ..•.•.•.• v ..e.locity: ...•. _ 

==~r=-~~~~~+ 

Position-2 Position-3 

OFF Course Lock Home 

point Lock 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.171 

The roll stick controls the aircraft's left & right tilt. 

Push the stick left and the aircraft will tilt and fly left. 

Push the stick right and the aircraft will tilt and fly right. 

The aircraft will keep level and straight if the stick is 

centered. 

Pushing the stick further away from center will result in 

a larger tilt angle (maximum of 35 •) and faster flight 

Sl is for compass calibration. Toggle the Sl switch from 

position-] to position-3 and back to position-] at least 5 

times, which wH! force the aircraft to enter into 

compass calibration mode. 

Users can configure position 3(bottom position) of the 

Sl switch to trigger the Failsafe in the Assistant. 

S2 is the IOC mode switch. IOC (Intelligent 

Orientation Control) function can be enabled in the 

Assistant when in Naza-M mode. Only use the IOC 

function after you are familiar with flying. 
The left dial controls the pitch of the H3-2D and 

gimbal. The position of left dial determines the pitch 

angle relative to the horizontal level. 

Turn the left dial to the right to make the gimbal pitch 

up. 

Turn the left dial to the ieft to make the gimbal pitch 

down. 

The gimbal will keep its current position if the dial is 

static. 

( 1 ) For 'Ready to Fly' the aircraft will hover when all sticks are released. 

( 2 ) For 'Ready to Fly (non-GPS)' the aircraft will only keep the altitude when all sticks are released. 

3.5 Linking the Remote Controller & Built-in Receiver 

PHANTOM 2 has a built-in receiver, the link button and indicator located on the bottom of the aircraft as illustrated 

in the Figure 3-4. 

The link between the remote controller and aircraft is already established for you so you can initially skip this 

procedure. If you ever replace the remote controller, re-establishing the link is required. 

Figure3-4 

Unklng procecklres 

, 

,, Pov~'or on the PHANT0~-1 2. 

2. Turn on the remote controller and place it 0.5m·1m away from the aircraft. 

3. Push the link button with a thin object and hold it until the Link indicator blinks red, then release it. 

4. When the Link indicator turns solid green, the link between the remote controller and the built-in receiver 

has been successfully established. 

Unk Indicator Status 

The remote controller is turned off and there is no 2.4GHz signal around, please turn 

on the remote -" 

•••••• The receiver is ready for linking . 

•••••• There is 2.4GHz signal around but the remote controller is not linked with 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.181 

r, 
L--·-·---~------J__e!~~~-~rry out the linki~.2l'!:.()_Ced~~=:..-------··----------·---- l l The remote controller is linked with the receiver successfully. 

~----·------~'- -------------------- 4 Intelligent Battery 

The intelligent battery is specially designed for the PHANTOM 2, with a battery capacity of 5200mAh, voltage of 

11.1V and charge discharge managen1ent functionaHty. The battery should only be charged ;,-vith the DJ! charger. 

lntelli!'jent Battery 

OJilntelllgent Battery Func:tions 

( 1 ) Balance Charging 

( 2) Capacity Display 

{ 3) Communicating 

( 4) Overcharging Protection 

( 5) Over Discharging 

Protection 

( 6) Short Circuit Protection 

( 7 ) Sleep Protection 

( 8 ) Charging Temperature 

Detection 

Automatically balance the voltage of each battery cell during charging. 

Display the current battery level. 

The main controller communicates with the battery via communication ports 

for battery voltage, capacity, current and other information. 

Charging stops automatically when the battery voltage reaches 12.8V to 

prevent overcharging damage. 

Discharging stops automatically when the battery voltage reaches 8.4V to 

prevent over discharging damage. 

Automatically cuts off the power supply when a short circuit is detected. 

The battery will enter sleep mode after 10 minutes of inactivity to save 

power. The static current is 10nA in sleep mode when the battery is 

powered on without connecting to other devices. 

The battery will charge only when its temperature is within O"C-55"C.If the 

battery temperature is out of this range, the battery will stop charging. 

( 1 ) Before use, please read and follow the user manual, disclaimer, and the warnings on the battery. 

Users take full responsibility for all operations and usage. 

( 2 ) The battery should only be charged with the charger provided by DJI. DJI does not take any 

responsibility for operation of any charger from a third party. 

4.1 Charging Procedures 

1. Connect the charger to a wall socket (Use the plug set if necessary). 

2. Connect the battery to the charger. If the current capacity of the battery is over 75%, you should power on 

the battery to begin charging. 

3. The Battery Level indicators display current capacity level as the battery charges. Please refer to battery 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.191 
level indicator description for details. 

4. The battery is fully charged when the Battery Level indicator lights are off. Please disconnect the charger 

and battery when the charging is completed. 

Wall Socket 

4.2 Install the Battery 

Push the battery into the battery compartment correctly as the following diagram shows. Make sure to push the 

battery into the compartment until you hear a 'dick' sound. 

Figure4-1 

1. 

An incorrectly inserted battery may cause one of the following to occur, (1) Bad contact. (2) Unavailable 

battery information. (3) Unsafe for flight. (4) Unable to take off. 

4.3 Battery Usage 

LED2 LED3 

LED1 

Battery Pow<?r Button 

(8:Jflt-in Battery Pov.'er indicator) 

Figure 4-2 

(I) Checking the battery level, When the battery is powered off; pressing the battery power button once will 

indicate the current battery level. Refer to< Battery Level Indicator Description> for details. 

(2) Powering on: When the battery is powered off; press the battery power button once and then press and hold for 

2 seconds to turn on the intelligent battery. 

(3) Powering off: When the battery is powered on; press the battery power button once and then press and hold for 

2 seconds to turn off the intelligent battery. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.20 I 
(.4) Checking the battery life: When the battery is powered off; press and hold the battery power button for 5 

seconds to check the battery life. The battery level indicators will show the life and the battery power indicator 

will blink for 10 seconds, then all LEDs will light out and the intelligent battery will turn off. Refer to < Battery 

Level Indicator Description> for details. 

E!4. t'-1orc b.:4ttcry inform.Jtion is .Jvni!nbk in the b.Jttcry t<:ib of the PHANTOt'-1 2 Assbttint. 

4.4 Description of the Battery Level Indicator 

The battery level indicators will show the current battery level during both the charging and discharging process as 

well as battery life. The following is a description of the indicators . 

• :The LED is solid on • : The LED will blink regularly 

• :The LED is light off 

I lEDl I LE02 I LED3 ! l.ED4 ! Current battery level i 

;·~-·-···---~-t-··~-·---··r··~·-·~--·1-···----·-·r-·-·-~~---·--·---~-·--·--.. ~--·-----~--~ .. , ______ 1 

i • i • i • I • j 87.5%·100% i r-~·-t-·~--+~--·-,~+,·--·-~~~·~+,-··-...-·-~~~--~~~~-~"~~~--~---~~-~~ 

I • l • ! • ! • l 75%-87.5% i 

!·"··· •--·----,-~~-.·~-~·-~ _ ,•,r,-.. ·~ .·+·" > -•v~-'---'-f." ~ _. ,, -·i•··-• ,_ •--·~.· --· -"·--- -·-~---~ l • I • i • j II 1 62.5%-75% 

[~~~lJ~~~~-lc-~~J=~-=~~==-:~~ ~~==-="·~•••-l i • I • I • I • ! 37.5%-50% i 

~-'-~-~--~-+----·--'"""~"'-~~·-·~-~~"<<'<,. ._._.._.,.....4··--•·•~-·~·~-·u~~--••-•~•M---·-•~--~~-'"-'"""-~" ~-l 

! • i e ! II ! II ! 25%-37.5% 1 r·--Hk>•--•-jo' ~-~~~---~-·f--·- --.. ·-·-t-·--~-A--·-!··· -··------~---·-·-~·----~--·----·--··--·---··~·-·•w•_" ___ _,,.,! 

I • ; II : • l • : 12.5%-25% ; 

r~-I~~~I~~-~t~--~~~=~=~~=?~~~~~~~~--==-:=J lllillillill: <0% i L----.--~--~---- --~-·---1----·~-· ---~-L~----~----1 ______ . -·-----· -- -·---~-.... ----~---·--- --··. 1 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.21 I 
Less than 20% 

4.5 Correct Battery Usage Notes 

1. Never plug or unplug the battery int0 thO:~ aircraft when it is powered en. 

2. The battery should be charged in an environment that is between OoC to 40°C, and be discharged in an 

environment that is between -20oC to 50°C. Both charging and discharging should be in an environment 

where the relative humidity is lower than 80%. 

3. It's recommended to charge and discharge the battery thoroughly once every 20 charge/discharge cycles. 

Users should discharge the battery until there is less than 8% power left or until the battery can no longer 

be turned on. Users should then fully recharge the battery to maximum capacity. This power cycling 

procedure will ensure the battery is working at its optimal level. 

4. For !eng term stor<Jgc pki.lsc pi<Jcc the bottcry with only D 40-S(}q.o Cilpodty in iJ strong bi.lttcry box 

securely. We recommend discharging and charging the battery completely once every 3 months to keep it 

in good condition. The capacity should be varied in such a cycle (40oA>·50%)-0ok-100%-{40%-50%). 

5. It's suggested you purchase a new battery after you have discharged your current battery over 300 times. 

Please completely discharge a battery prior to disposaL 

6. it's suggested that you purchase a new battery if the current battery is swoilen or damaged in any way. 

7. Never try to recharge or fly with a battery that is swollen or damaged in any way. 

8. Never charge the battery unattended. Always charge the battery on a non-flammable surface such as 

concrete and never near any flammable materials. 

9. Safety is extremely important and users can get more information in the DISCLAIMER. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.22 I 
5 Calibrating the Compass 

IMPORTANT: Make sure to perform the Compass Calibration procedures prior to the first flight. 

The compass is very sensitive to electromagnetic interference which causes abnormal compass data and leads to 

poor flight performance or even flight failure. Regular calibration of the compass enables the compass to perform at 

its optimal leveL 

5.1 Calibration Warnin s 

( 1 ) DO NOT calibrate your compass where there is a possibility for the existence of strong 

magnetic interference such as magnetite, parking structures, and steel reinforcement 

underground. 0 (?) DO NOT CArry fArromRgnP.tir: mrttP.rirtl~ with you during cRiibrrttion ~uc:h A~ kP.~ or r.:AIIuiAr 

phones. 

( 3) Compass Calibration is very important; otherwise the flight control system will work abnormally. 

5.2 Calibration Procedures 

Please carry out the calibrating procedures in the flight field before flight. Please watch the quick start video of the 

PHANTCt-1 2 for more Gornpa5s calibration details. 

Start 

cali 

Quickly flip the switch Sl 

Position-1 :(i:,f~.., ,\;:,~_."....._ 

Position-3 (~~) 

Position-1-~Position-3-.. Position-1 

Flip no less than 5 times 

LED Flight Indicator 

Start horizontal calibratic .. 

5.3 When Recalibration Is required 

360" Rotate the aircraft 

horizontally 

(..-.. +----._) ---~ ....... 

LED Flight Indicator 

Start vertical calibration 

Position-1 (~!') 

Position-3 (: ~\:.; ~ '- '" Position-l-.. Position-3-~Position-1 

Flip once 

360°Rotate the aircraft 

vertically (Nose downward) 

J 

. 

~J~ 

LED Flight 

Indicator 

Normal LED • • 

Succeed Fnil 

Re-calibrate 

( 1 ) When Compass Data is abnormal, the LED flight indicator will blink alternating between red and yellow. 

( 2 ) Last compass calibration was performed at a completely different flying field/location. 

( 3 ) The mechanical structure of the aircraft has changed, i.e. changed mounting position of the compass. 

( 4 ) Evident drifting occurs in flight. i.e. the aircraft doesn't fly in straight lines. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.23 I 
6 Flight 

6.1 Flying Environment Requirements I ( 1 ) Before your first flight. please allow yourself some flight training (Using a flight simulator to '! 

j practice flying, getting instruction from an experienced person, etc.). I 

Il

l ~ ; ~ ~: ::~~:!;i:~?::o::a::r::::~a:dr::i:r :;i:~l (::~:i::::::::::t:::::::~: :h: :~eel structure 

within buildings may interfere with the compass. 

l ':1 ( 4 ) Keep the aircraft away from obstacles, crowds, power lines, trees, lakes and rivers etc. 

I ( 5 ) Try to avoid interference between the remote controller and other wireless equipment (No base 

l 

l stations or ceil towers around). 

( 6 ) The flight control system will not work properly at the South Pole or North Pole. 

( 7 ) Never use the aircraft in a manner that infringes upon or contravenes international or domestic 

, _____ lays_ and regulations. 

·------~------·-------~ 

6.2 Starting the Motors 

A Combination Stick Command (CSC) is used to start the motors. Push the sticks according to one of the options 

below to start motors. Once the motors have started, release both sticks simultaneously. The same CSC is used to 

stop the motors. 

B c D 

Figure 6-1 

6.3 Takeoff/Landing Procedures 

1. Start by placing the PHANTOM 2 on the ground with the battery level indicators facing you. 

2. Turn on the remote controller. 

3_ Power on the aircraft by turning on the inteHigent battery. 

4. When LED flight indicator blinks green/yellow, the PHANTOM 2 is entering Ready to Fly/Ready to Fly 

(non-GPS) mode. Start the motors with the CSC command. 

5. Push the throttle stick up slowly to lift the aircraft off the ground. Refer to <Remote Controller Operation> 

for more details. 

6. Be sure you are hovering o;,;er a ievei surface. Puil down the throttle stick to descend. The stick wm iock into 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.24 I 
place and the aircraft will descend steadily. 

7. After landing, leave the throttle stick down for 3 to 5 seconds to stop the motors. Return throttle stick to 

middle position after the motors have stopped. 

You SHOULD NOT execute the CSC during normal flight! This will stop the motors and cause the 

aircraft to descend rapidly and drop without any type of control. 

( 1 ) When the LED flight indicator blinks yellow rapidly during flight, the aircraft has entered into 

Failsafe mode, refer to <Failsafe Function> for details. 

( 2 ) A low battery capacity warning is indicated by the LED flight indicator blinking red slowly or 

rapidly during flight. Refer to the <Low Battery Capacity Warning Function> for details. 

( 3 ) Watch the quick start video about flight for more flight information. 

,{ ( 4 ) Aircraft and battery performance is subject to environmental factors such as air density and 

temperature. Be very careful when flying 3000 meters (9800 feet) or more above sea level, as 

battery and aircraft performance may be reduced. 

( 5 ) When used with a H3-3D gimbal, a GoPro camera, and the iOSD mini, your Phantom 2 will be very 

close to its maximum takeoff weight. it is not recommended that you attach the Phantom 2 

propeller guards at this weight. Otherwise, the aircraft will be unable to fly normally. 

6.4 Failsafe Function 

The aircraft will enter Failsafe mode when the connection from the remote controller is lost. The flight control 

system will automatically control the aircraft to return to home and land to reduce injuries or damage. The following 

situations would make the aircraft fail to receive a signal from the remote controller and enter Failsafe mode: 

( 1 ) The remote controller is powered off. 

( 2 ) The remote controller is powered on but the 51 is toggled in the position triggering the Failsafe (this must 

have been configured in the PHANTOI'-12 Assistant). 

( 3 ) The aircraft has flown out of the effective communication range of the remote controller. 

( 4 ) There is an obstacle obstructing the signal between the remote controller and the aircraft, essentially 

reducing the distance the signal can travel. 

( 5 ) There is interference causing a signal problem with the remote controller. 

Failsafe works differently depending on the mode the aircraft is in when Failsafe mode is initiated whether it is in 

the Ready to Fly or Ready to Fly (non-GPS) mode. 

Reedy to Fly (non·GPS) -Automatic landing 

The flight control system will try to keep the aircraft level during descent and landing. Note that the aircraft may 

be drifting during the descent and landing process. 

Reedy to Fly- Automatic go home and land 

The flight control system will automatically control the aircraft to fly back to the home point and land. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.25 I 
Home Point 

When the aircraft is initializing the Ready to Fly status, the aircraft will record the current GPS coordinates as 

the home point. It is recommended to lift off only after Ready to Fly status is confirmed for the safety of being 

able to fly back to home point successfully in case the Failsafe mode is initiated. 

1 Record Home Point. 

-

~1if LED Flight Indicator ., ..... 4 Signal lost lasts 3s, begin to go home. 

-rr 

LED Flight lndkator 

2 Aying. 

LED Flightlndiatore e $ 4t fl 

5 Ry back to home point. 

1£0 Flight Indicator 

Figure 6-2 

3 Remote controller signal lost. 

---rr~ 

LEO Flight Indicator 

6 Landing after hovering 15s. 

LED Flight Indicator 

( 1 ) In a Failsafe situation, if less than 6 GPS satellites are found for more than 20 seconds, the aircraft 

will descend automatically. 

( 2 ) When the aircraft is landing automatically, users can control the aircraft's position and altitude if 

the remote controller signal is recovered. 

In Phantom 2 mode, users can set a new home point manually when the aircraft is in "Ready to fly" status 

as long as a home point has been recorded automatically. Quickly flipping the 52 switch of the remote 

controller from upper most to lower most positions 5 times or more will reset the current aircraft position 

as a new home point of PHANTOM 2. When successfully reset, you will see a series of rapid green blinks 

on the LED Flight Indicator. The definition of "home point" is: 

( 1 ) The home point is the place PHANTOM 2 returns to when the control signal is lost, which is 

recorded last time. 

( 2 ) The home point is used to calculate the horizontal distance between you and the aircraft, the 

distance will be displayed as .12. if using iOSD module. 

Regaining Control during Failsafe Procedure 

Position of 

SwitchSl 

How to regain 

control 

Position-1 

the Sl switch is switched to Position·l, 

the Sl switch to any other position once to 

controL lf remote controller, 5 signal i!s 

control is returned back to the 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.26 I 

Regain control as soon as signal is 

recovered. 
6.5 Low Battery Capacity Warning Function 

The low battery capacity warning alerts users when the battery is close to depletion during flight. When it appears, 

users should promptly fly back and land to avoid accidental damage. The PHANTOM 2 has two levels of low battery 

capacity warning. The first appears when the battery has less than 30% power and the second appears when it has 

less than 15% power. 

( 1 ) When battery power drops below 30% and LED indicator will blink red slowly. 

( 2 ) At lower than 15% the LED indicator will blink red rapidly, the PHANTOM 2 will also begin to descend and 

land automatically. After it has landed, keep the throttle stick at its lowest point or execute CSC. 

( 3 ) There is a hidden third low battery threshold in addition to the 1st and 2nd level warnings. This uses 10.65V 

as its threshold. Both this voltage threshold and the 2nd Level Low Battery Warning will trigger auto-landing. 

Altitude can be maintained if necessary by pushing up on the throttle stick. 

( 1 ) Remember to fly your PHANTOIVI 2 back as soo'l as you see a low battery capacity warning. 

~~f~~ ( 2 ) Keeping the battery contact needles and pads clean is very important. Any dirt and dust may 

cause a communication failure. 

6.6 Flight Limits Function 

All UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) operators should abide by all regulations from such organizations at ICAO 

{International Civil Aviation Organization) and per country airspace regulations. For safety reasons, the flight limits 

function is enabled by default to help users use this product safely and legally. The flight limits function includes 

height, distance limits. 

on!y height limit works and the flying height rest:icted to be r~ot over 120m. 

(1) The default parameters in the Assistant is compliant within the definitions of class G ruled by 

ICAO. (Refer to Airspace Classification to get more details). As each country has its own rules, 

make sure to configure the parameters to comply with these rules too, before using the 

PHANTOM 2. 

(2) Users in Mainland China can refer to ~fflllit£'~~ffli!Ji~. 

Max Height & Radius Umlts 

The Max Height & Radius restricts the flying height and distance. Configuration can be done in the PHANTOM 2 

Assistant. Once complete, your aircraft will fly in a restricted cylinder. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.27 I 
~ax Height 

~ax Radius 

(1) 

(2) 

Point 

aircraft when it 

is powered on 

Figure 6-3 Figure6-4 

flight height is restricted to fly Warning: Height limit reached. 

under the minor height between the None. 

Max height and 120m. 

Not limited, no warnings or LED indicators. 

If the aircraft flies out of the limits, you can still control your aircraft except to fly it further away. 

If the aircraft is flying out of the max radius in Ready to Fly (non-GPS) status, it will fly back 

within the limits range automatically if 6 or more GPS satellites have been found. 

6.7 Flight Limits of Special Areas 

Special areas include airports worldwide. All special areas are listed on the DJI official website. Please refer to 

httpd/www.dji.comifly-sate/cat!i!,!ory-mc for details. These areas have been divided into category A and category B. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved28 I 
8100m 

8000m 

lO.Sm 

Center of 

Special 

Area 

Airspace• A.B,C,D 

Boundary. il> !l, £,sf 

Center of 

Sped a I 

Area 

Airspace: A.C,D 

Boundary. iJ, ;;, 

£ 

Category A Category B 

Umits 

Motors will not start. 

If the Phantom flies into a special area in Ready to Fly 

(non-GPS) mode and Ready to Fly mode activates, it will 

(non-GPS) mode and Ready to Fly mode activates, it will 

descend to airspace C and hover 5 meters below edge sf.. 

No restrictions of flight, but the Phantom will not enter 

Category A, the aircraft can fly free, but it will not enter 

Airspace B through Boundary b & d 

Around Category B sites, the phantom can fly freely, but it will 

not enter into Airspace A through Boundary it. 

!- ........ ,, __ , +----·-----···--""" 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved29 I 

Rear LED 

Flight 

...... 

None. 
Semi-automatic descent: All stick commands are available except the throttle stick command during 

~ the descent and landing process. Motors will stop automatically after landing. Users will regain control 

once the motors have stopped. There is no need to toggle the Sl switch. 

:J 

(l) When flying in the airspace (A/8/C) of restricted special area, LED flight indicators will blink red 

...... quickly and continue for 3 seconds, then switch to indicate current flying 

status and continue for 5 seconds at which point it will switch back to red blinking. 

(2) For safety reasons, please do not fly close to airports, highways, railway stations, railway lines, 

city centers and other special areas. Try to ensure the aircraft is visible. 

6.8 Conditions of Flight Limits 

In different working modes and flight modes, flight limits will differ according to number of GPS satellites found. 

The following table demonstrates all the cases(V: availabl8! X:unavailable). 

All flights dre restricted by height, distance and special dreas simultaneously. 

Disclaimer 

Please ensure that you are kept up to date with International and Domestic airspace rules and regulations before 

using this product. By using this product, you hereby agree to this disclaimer and signify that you have read this fully. 

You agree that you are responsible for your own conduct and content while using this product, and for any direct or 

indirect consequences caused by not following this manual, violate or disregard any other applicable local laws, 

administrative rules and social habits thereof. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.30 I 
7 Assistant Installation and Configuration 

7.1 lnd·alli•"" '~-""~~=--'~-:c: __ , 

Installing and running on Windows 

1. Download driver installer and Assistant installer in EXE format from the download page of PHANTOM 2 

on the DJ! ·.vcbsitc. 

2. Connect the PHANTOM 2 to a PC via a Micro~USB cable. 

3. Run the driver installer and follow the prompts to finish installation. 

4. Next, run the Assistant installer and follow the prompts to finish installation. 

5. Double click the PHANTOM 2 icon on your Windows desktop to launch the software. 

L The installer in EXE format only supports Windows operating systems (Win XP, Win7, Win8 (32 or 64 

bit)). 

Installing and running on Mac: OS X 

1. Download the Assistant installer in :Ji'1G format from the download page of PHANTOM 2 on the DJI 

website. 

2. Run the installer and follow the prompts to finish installation. 

3. Vv-r'"" iacJ<lching t•x the tirsnime if use Launchpad to run the PHANTOM 2 Assistant, Launchpad won' 

allow access because the software has not been reviewed by Mac App Store. 

"'PffafttOnl ... Uft't H epefted tJet-•uH il is 

tfmlt •n unWtmtilied- deft-'of"tr~ 

4. Locate the PHANTOM 2 icon in the Finder, press the Control key and then click the PHANTOM 2 icon 

(or right~click the PHANTOM 2 icon using a mouse). Choose Open from the shortcut menu, click open in 

the prompt dialog box and then software will launch. 

5. After the first successful launch, directly launching of the software can be achieved by double~clicking 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.31 I 
X Dt..;rot 

y "'~ ~Tyi)e" 0-Bot v,~ z "'"' C:ii!lsl!te Mulhocis. Go·i-<0\'111$' •00 L&•1ning 

- ""' - - """" !txr'""' 

""- -· 

.. ~.::::::.~ '""" ... .::::.:.:~~~:.:'~ .. , -- '"' ............... "'"' «ffl\ . " .... " ....... 11100 

..... =.:::.::::::.:.:~ "'"' ..... ::.:.:..::,:~~ ""'" --~::::.:.:.~: .. , ... 

Giom)al SWi!.t:tr 

"""""'-

c'""""'""""""' 

F<."S\tevelWarrnog· 

~Lh'~~ 

ON 

Usage of PHANTOM 2 Assistant on Mac OS X and Windows are exactly the same. The Assistant pages 

appear in other places of this manual are on the Windows for example. 

7.2 Using the PHANTOM 2 Assistant on a PC 

1. Start up the PC, power on the PHANTOM 2, then connect the PHANTOM 2 to the PC with a Micro·USB 

cable. DO NOT disconnect until configuration is finished. 

2. Run the PHANTOM 2 Assistant and wait for the PHANTOM 2 to connect to the Assistant. Observe the 

indicators • • on the bottom of the screen. When connected successfully, the connection indicator is • 

and communication indicator is blinkingO . 

3. Choose [Basic] or [Advanced] configuration pages. 

4. View and check the current configuration in the [View] page. 

P.I-IAl-lT0""12 ~'>If\~ "~ _,._ ~~ 

"0'&,~· j .... 

l ' I 

-... ::: ... : .. :.: .. --

-~.::.o . _::~~--::._:: 

©2013·2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.321 

·~t,..f~,:ii:\·~···-' 

~~JL?'ft,w 

;::11ncticn switch of Phantom 2 
( l ) Users should not enable the Naza-M function before finishing Advanced Flight Maneuvers 

procedure in the" PHANTOM Pilot Training Guide". If the Naza-M mode is enabled, users can 

switch the control mode between A TIL Mode, GPS Mode or Manual Mode, and access the 

advanced settings (e.g. IOC). In addition, the LED located on the rear frame arms will display 

Naza-M flight status indications instead of the PHANTOM 2's indicators. Do not enable the 

Naza-M mode unless you are an experienced user or guided by a professional. 

( 2 ) You can change to the Phantom 2 mode by clicking the same button used to turn on the Naza-M 

mode. This operation will disable the Naza-M mode and enable Phantom 2 mode. All parameters 

will be returned to factory settings. 

7.3 Firmware upgrade of PHANTOM 2 

Please refer to the PHANTOM 2 Assistant to install driver and PHANTOM RC Assistant, and then follow the 

procedures below to upgrade the software and firmware; otherwise the PHANTOM 2 might not work properly. 

l. An internet connection is required to upgrade PHANTOM 2 's firmware. 

2. Click the [Upgrade] icon to check the current firmware version and whether the installed firmware is the 

latest version. If not, click the relative links to upgrade. 

3. Be sure to wait until the Assistant shows "finished". Click OK and power cycle the PHANTOM 2 after 5 

seconds. Once completed, the firmware is up to date. 

items 

•••••••••••••••••••••••••• actun! ;;s.er 

NOT power off until the upgrade is finished. 

,, (2) If the firmware upgrade failed, the main controller will enter a waiting for firmware upgrade 

"'' ·"· If this happens, repeat the above procedures. 

~ Firmware upgradable items: (l) Main Controller (2) P330CB(Main Board) (3) Receiver (4) Gimbal 

CMU (5) GimbaiiMU (6) Battery 

7.4 PHANTOM RC Assistant Description 

Please follow the procedures to finish the configuration of the remote controller. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.331 
1. Turn off the remote controller and find the Micro-USB port on the bottom of it. 

2. Start up the PC, power on the remote controller, and then connect the remote controller to the PC with a 

Micro-USB cable. DO NOT disconnect until the configuration is finished. 

3. Run the PHANTOM RC Assistant and wait for the remote controller to connect to the Assistant. Observe 

the indicators •• on the bottom left of the screen. When connected successfully, the connection 

indicator is • and communication indicator is blinking e. 

4. Finish configuration in the [Main] page. 

5. Finish upgrade in the [Info] page if necessary. 

-· --·~~· .. -~---"' .. 

Main Page of the 2.4GHz Remote Controller 

P.H.i.NlOM Rt ~ A. 

Main page i 

,.,. ________ ·----~-------------·--

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.34 I 

- t···c ...... :_· .... c. _.,.,._ ., .. 

-e:cc ........ cc:. 

Firrr:warc ,,pgradr.; 

rdj~r~~nc:,:, c.nfy ?);::;1<;•] 

refer 
8 Appendix 

8.1 s,.,,..-HFi.-aHt>or"' 

Aircraft 

Operating environment temperature 

Supported Battery 

Weight (including the battery) 

T eke-off Weight 

Hovering Accuracy (Ready to Fly) 

Max Yaw Angular Velocity 

Max Tilt Angle 

Max Ascent I Descent Speed 

Max Flight Speed 

Wheelbase 

2.4GHz Remote Controller 

Operating Frequency 

Communication Dlstence (open erea) 

Receiver Sensitivity (ltl6PER) 

Working Current/Voltage 

-1o•c to so·c 

5.6W 

DJI Intelligent battery 

1000g 

:S1300g 

Vertical: 0.8m; Horizontal: 2.5m 

2oo·;s 

35. 

Ascent: 6m/s; Descent: 2m/s 

15m/s (Not Recommended) 

350mm 

2.4GHziSM 

lOOOm 

-97dBm 

Built-In UPo Battery Working Current/Capacity 

120mA@3.7V 

3.7V, 2000mAh 

DJI Intelligent Battery 

Type 

Capacity 

Charging Environment Range 

Diac:harging Environment Range 

3S liPo Battery 

5200mAh, ll.lV 

o·c to40"C 

-2o·c to so•c 

Power On Self-Test 

Warming Up & Aircraft cannot take off during warming up ······~··-~·-···---~---·····4·----~~---~·-······ ···-·-······~···-···~ 

1" Level Low Battery Capacity Warning 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.35 I 
•••••• I 2"d Level Low Battery Capacity Warning 

••• .l Not Stationary or Sensor Bias is too big . -----

I Errors & Aircraft cannot fly.• 

• • • i 

Compass data abnormal because of ferro-magnetic interference or 

' compass needs calibration. 

• Users can connect to the PHANTOM 2 Assistant to get detailed information about warnings and errors. 

©2013-2015 DJI. All Rights Reserved.36 I 
Fu!fY autnm~ Trimble 

A~:~;~WQrJdl~~... ·> 

·•·.·of~-~.--··· . '. ·. ···,. 

·:~~·~~ T(imble aUSir~~cetiter • ·~~~m,tl}':~·.·· 

THE STANDARD IN MAPPING AND SURVEYING 

The Trimble® UXS Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) sets 

the standard for fast and safe aerial data collection by 

offering a complete system vvith pov>~erful technologies 

such as a robust design, a radicalry simplified workflow 

and reversed thrust & automatic failsafe procedures. The 

Trimble UXS offers a much safer method to collect data 

compared to traditional surveying methods Featuring 

the Trimble Access .. ·' Aerial Imaging application, flights 

are conducted in a fully automated manner, from launch 

to landing, and require no piloting skills. The Trimble 

UXS makes a once time consuming and complex 

-process Incredibly easy- no rnatler vvl1at 1.he condlt~cns. 

SUPERIOR IMAGE ACQUISmON 

The Trimble UX5 ensures optimal image quality along 

with maximum photogrammetric accuracy. The camera 

has a large imaging sensor that captures very sharp, 

color-rich images, even in dark or cloudy conditions. 

The 24 MP camera and its custom optics give the 

UX5 the ability to capture data down to 2 em (0.79 

1n) resolution, 

UNRIVALED PERFORMANCE 

Based on a production method patented by lrimb!e, 

the Trimble UX5 combines an impact resistant foam 

structure and internal and external composite elements 

that give the UX5 its extreme durability and strength. 

Additionally, the design focus has been on delivering an 

easy to maintain airframe that can be renewed at users' 

discretion by a plug-and-play fitting of the protected 

internal electronics. 

The remarkable design of the Trimble UXS ensures 

employability nearly e\rerywhere and in practically all 

weather conditfons. Whether you choose to fly in 

rainy conditions along windy seashores, in hot deserts, 

or in a snowy, mountain terrain, the Trimble UXS is a 

dependable solution to gather high quaiity data without 

compromising coverage. 

DATASHEET 

LANDINGS. LESS SPACE- MORE ACCURATE 

The Trimble UX5 overcomes the limitations of 

traditional fixed wing UAS landings with the addition 

of an advanced control method. Based on reversed 

thrust, this improved altitude measurement results 

in accurate and prediaabfe fandmgs for landing 

confidence every time. For professionals working 

in small areas, the landing angle and trajectory is 

compact and ailows for landings in confined spaces. 

INTUmVE WORKFLOWS WITH 

TRIMBLE ACCESS 

The Trimble Access Aerial Imaging application 

loaded onto the Trimble Tablet Rugged PC operates 

the Trimble UXS and is a single software tool for 

planmng your aerial missions, performtng pre-flight 

checks and monitoring your flights- all with intuitive 

workflows that ensure reliable results. In the field, 

the operator is guided through the pre- and postflight sequences with step-by-step digital checklists. 

The fast and intuitive workflow allovvs the Trimble 

UXS to be ready to fly in only 5 minutes ensuring 

minimal downtime. 

VALUABLE PHOTOGRAMMETRY 

DEUVERABLES 

Optimized to process data from the Trimble UX5 

Unmanned Aircraft System, the Trimble Business 

Center Photogrammetry Module creates impressive 

deliverables. Produce point clouds, Triangulated 

Irregular Network (TIN) models and contour maps of 

the area flown. These can then be used to calculate 

volumes, excavation planning, drainage planning 

and many other functions. Trimble Business Center 

also produces a scaled orthophoto of the area 

that can be used to plan a project, define features 

of interest, identify property boundaries, or show 

construction progress by comparing orthophotos 

from different tmes. 

~~Trimble. 
NORTH AMERICA EUROPE ASIA-PACIFIC 

S!ngopo(e 449269 

SJNGt,PORE 

~~Trimble. 
Version 2.0 

Revision A 

January 2015 

USER GUIDE 

~~Trimble. 
Legal Information 

Trimble Navigation limited 

935 Stewart Drive 

Sunnyvale, california 94085 

U.S.A. 

www.trimble.com 

Copyright and Trademarks 

© 2013-2015, Trimble Navigation Limited. All rights reserved. 

Trimble and the Globe and Triangle logo are trademarks ofT rimble 

Navigation limited, registered in the United States and in other 

countries. Access is a trademark of Trimble Navigation limited. 

Microsoft and Windows are eitherregisteredtrademarks or trademarks 

of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/ or other countries. 

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 

COCOM Limits 

The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS 

products contain perfonnance limitations so that they cannot be used in 

a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The 

following limitations are implemented on this product: 

-Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation results is 

disabled when the receiver velocity is computed to be greater than 

1,000 knots, or its akitude is computed to be above 18,000 meters. The 

receiver GPS subsystem resets until the COCOM situation dears. As a 

result, all logging and stream configurations stop until the GPS 

subsystem is cleared. 

Notices 

United States 

Certification number: FCC I D HSW-DNT2400P. 

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for 

a dass A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits 

are designed to provide reasonable protection against hannful 

interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial 

environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio 

frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the 

instruction manual, may cause hannful interference to radio 

communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is 

likely to cause hannful interference in which case the user will be 

required to correct the interference at his own expense. 

Changes and modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer 

or registrant of this equipment can void your authority to operate this 

equipment under Federal Communications Commission rules. 

Canada 

Under Industry canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only 

operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain 

approved for the transmitter by Industry canada. 

To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type 

and its gain ~houid be so chosen that the equivalent isotropkaiiy 

radiated power(e.i.r.p.) is not morethanthat necessary for successful 

communication. 

This device complies with Industry canada license-exempt RSS standard 

(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 

(1) this device may not cause interference, and 

(2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that 

may cause undesired operation of the device. 

This dass A digital apparatus complies with canadian ICES-003. 

Certification numberiC: 4492A-DNT2400P. 

This apparatus complies with canadian RSS-210. 

Conformement a Ia reglementation d'lndustrie canada, le present 

emetteur radio peut fonctionner avec une antenne d'un type et d'un 

gain maximal (ou inft\rieur) approuve pourl'emetteurpar lndustrie 

canada. 

Dans le but de reduire les risques de brouillage radioelectrique a !'intention des autres utilisateurs, il faut choisir le type d'antenne et son 

gain de sorte que Ia puissance isotrope rayonnee equivalente (p.i.r.e.) 

ne depasse pas l'intensite necessaire a l'etablissement d'une 

communication satisfaisante_ 

le present appareil est confonne aux CNR d'l ndustrie canada applicables 

aux appareils radioexempts de licence. l'exploitation est autorisee aux 

deux conditions suivantes: 

(1) l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et 

(2) l'utilisateur de rappareil doit accepter tout brouUiage radioelectrique 

subi, ml!me si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le 

fonctionnement. 

Cet appareil numerique de Ia classe A est conforme a Ia nonne NMB-003 

ducanada. 

Numerique de certification I C: 4492A-DNT2400P. 

Cet appareil est confonne a Ia nonne CNR-210 du canada. 

Europe 

The product covered by this guide are intended to be used in all EU 

member countries, Norway, and Switzerland. 

This equipment is classified as Group 1, Class A equipment according to 

EN 55011. Group 1 is applicable for all equipment within the scope of EN 

55011 that is not classified as Group 2 equipment, which contains all ISM 

RF equipmeht. dass A equipment is equipment suitable for use in all 

establishments other than domestic. Using dass A equipment in 

domestic environments may cause difficulties ensuring electromagnetic 

compatibility. 

CE Declaration of Confonnity 

Hereby, Trimble Navigation, declares thatthis product is ( € in compliance with the essential requirements and other 

relevant provisions of: 

- EMC Directive (2014/30/EU) 

-Radio Equipment Directive (2014/53/EU) 

- RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) 

-Machine Directive (2006/42/EC) 

Not~ Deviation from Machine directive 2006/42/EC: The CE 

marking/or the UXSsystem is placed on the Trimble UXSeBox and is 

only visible when the eBax is removed from the Trimble UXS wing. 

Japan 

Certification numbers for the DNT2400P RFM radio module: 

007WWCUW739 and 003UV A110681 

Brazil 

Este produto esta homologado pela Anatel, de acordo com os 

procedimentos regulamentados pela Resolu~o no. 242/2000 e atende 

aos requisitos tecnicos aplicados, incluindo os limites de exposi~o da 

Taxa de Absor~ao Especifica referente a campos eltHricos, magneticos e 

eletromagneticos de radiofrequencia de acordo com as Resolu¢es no. 

303/2002 e 533/2009. 

Manterdistancia minima de 2,5 em docorpo humano. 

Para maiores inforrna~oes, consulte o site da ANA TEL 

www.anatel.gov.br. 

Australia and New Zealand 

This product confonns with the regulatory requirements of 

the Austrafian Communications and Media Authority 

(ACMA) EMCframework, thus satisfying the requirements 

forC-Tick Marking and sale within Australia and New 

Zealand. 

Taiwan -Battery Recycling Requirements 

N32-4 

The product contains a removable lithium polymer battery. Taiwanese 

rPf!d<=~:tinnc:. rPf11!irP thrlt ~Jrlt;tP h~ttPriP<;. :::!:rP !"Pryr.!Prl. 

J$.f1!I~~[!j]!Ji 

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) 

For product recycling instructions and more information, 

please go to 

www.trimble.com/Corporate/Environmental_ 

Compllance,aspx. 

Recycling 

power), 

Electrical 

call 

and 

in 

+31497 

Europe: 

Electronic 

To 

53 24 

recycle 

Equipment, 

30, and 

Trimble 

ask 

products 

for 

WEEE 

the 

that 

"WEEE 

(Waste 

run 

Associate". 

on electrical -

Or, 

mail a request for recycling instructions to: 

Trimble Europe BV 

cjo Menlo Worldwide logistics 

Meerheide 45 

5521 DZ Eersel, Nl 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 2 
FCC Declaration of Conformity 

We, Trimble Navigation Umited. 

935 Stewart Drive 

POBox3642 

Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3642 

United States 

+ 1-408-481-8000 

Declare under sole responsibility that DoC products comply 

with Part 15 of FCC Rules. 

Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and 

(2) This device must accept any interference received, 

including interference that may cause undesired operation. 

Environmental hazards 

The product complies with international RoHS regulations. 

Toxic and hazardous substances and elements 

lithium polymer X 0 0 0 

rechargeable battery 

Power supply X 0 0 0 

Printed circuit board X 0 0 0 

assembly 

Radio module X 0 0 0 

Chassis 0 0 0 0 

Plastic enclosure 0 0 0 0 

Paper manual 0 0 0 0 

0 0 

0 0 

0 0 

0 0 

0 0 

0 0 

0 0 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 3 
Contents 

Environmental hazards ....... .... .. . ....... .... ...... ... . . . ....... ..... ...... .. ..... ... ......... ... 3 

1 Introduction ........................................................................................ 6 

The UXS aerial imaging rover . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 

Parts of the UXS aerial imaging rover .............................................................. 8 

Solution components ............................................................................... 10 

Flight case contents ................................................................................. 11 

Inserting the eBox and camera ..............................•..................................... 12 

Installing the Aerial Imaging software ............................................................. 14 

Projects, missions, blocks, and flights ............................................................ 16 

Project phases ....................................................................................... 17 

Software overview ................................................................................... 17 

Changing the system settings ...................................................................... 21 

Performing maintenance ........................................................................... 22 

2 Planning a Project ............................................................................... 24 

Creating a project .................................................................................... 25 

Preparing the project map ......................................................................... 25 

Defining the blocks .................................................................................• 30 

Obstacle clearances ................................................................................. 33 

Defining the flights ................................................................................... 37 

Exporting the project ............................................................................... .43 

Checking flight permissions and conditions ...................................................... 43 

3 Preparing Equipment ........................................................................... 48 

Checking the launcher .............................................................................. 49 

Checking the UX5 aerial imaging rover ........................................................... .49 

Charging the UXS batteries ......................................................................... 52 

Charging the Tablet batteries ...................................................................... 55 

Charging the camera batteries ..................................................................... 55 

Checking theca mera ................................................................................ 55 

Pairing the transmitter with the tracking receiver ............................................... 60 

Locating your equipment ........................................................................... 60 

4 Completing a Flight .............................................................................. 62 

Importing the project ............................................................................... 63 

Validating the blocks ................................................................................ 63 

Validating the flights ................................................................................. 63 

Dealing with sudden weather changes ........................................................... 64 

Completing the flight checklist ..................................................................... 65 

Monitoring the flight ................................................................................ 78 

Landing the UX5 ..................................................................................... 87 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 4 
Contents 

Completing the post-flight checklist ............................................................... 89 

Disassembling the launcher ........................................................................ 90 

5 Analysis and Export .............................................................................. 92 

Transferring the images ............................................................................. 93 

Returning the project to the Aerial Imaging Desktop software ................................ 93 

Exporting flight data for processing ............................................................... 94 

6 Troubleshooting .................................................................................. 96 

Errors and warnings ................................................................................. 97 

Landing issues ...................................................................................... 102 

Aerial Imaging software issues .................................................................... 103 

eBox LED status ..................................................................................... 104 

Technical support .................................................................................. 104 

7 Specifications and Settings .................................................................. 105 

UXS specifications .................................................................................. 106 

Camera specifications .............................................................................. 107 

Camera settings .................................................................................... 108 

Battery charger settings ........................................................................... 119 

UXS battery safety ................................................................................. 119 

A Country-Specific Regulatory Information .............................................. 129 

FAA conditions and limitations of operation ................................................... 130 

French airspace requirements .................................................................... 135 

Glossary ............................................................................................ 136 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 5 
Introduction 

• The UXS aerial imaging rover 

• Parts of the UXS aerial imaging rover 

• Solution components 

• Flight case contents 

• Inserting the eBox and camera 

• Installing the Aerial Imaging software 

• Projects, missions, blocks, and flights 

• Project phases 

• Software overview 

CHAPTER 1 

The Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User 

Guide provides detailed information about 

operating the components of the Trimble® 

UXS aerial imaging solution. 

Even if you have used other unmanned aviation 

systems before, please read this user guide 

carefully to familiarize yourself with the 

UXS aerial imaging solution. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 6 
1 Introduction 

The UXS aerial imaging rover 

The Trimble UXS aerial imaging rover is an unmanned aircraft (UA). An unmanned aircraft is a generic 

term, and refers to an aircraft that is operated with no pilot on board. Such an aircraft is commonly 

also referred to as a remotely-piloted aircraft (RPA). The UXS aerial imaging rover follows a 

pre-programmed path where takeoff, flight, and landing require minimal human intervention. If 

required, the crew operating the aircraft from the ground can intervene to change the flight path or 

to land. In some cases, such as communications failure or loss of GPS signal, a pre-programmed 

intervention is automatically activated to re-establish signal loss or to terminate the flight early and 

complete a safe landing. 

The UXS aerial imaging rover holds a camera that takes aerial images over the defined area. During 

the flight, all pictures are acquired at a specified height, along parallel lines with specified overlap 

between the image exposures. At the same time, position information of the pictures is recorded for 

further processing in image processing software such as Trimble Business Center software. 

Typica I applications 

Image acquisition can be used for: 

• Orthophoto creation 

• Digital Elevation Model (OEM) or Digital Surface Model (DSM) 

• Photogrammetry 

The resulting data is useful for a range of applications, including: 

• Topographical surveying, particularly in remote or difficult to access areas, typical in the mining 

and dredging industries 

• Vegetation monitoring 

• Infrastructure mapping 

ISA conditions 

All operating specifications provided in this guide for the UXS aerial imaging rover are determined 

using International Standard Atmosphere {I SA) conditions. The JSA conditions used to determine 

the specifications for the UXS aerial imaging rover are: 

Humidity 

Air pressure 

Temperature 

Air density 

0% 

1013.25 hPa {760 mm Hg) 

15 °C (59 °F) 

1.225 kg/m3 (0.0761b/ft3) 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 7 
1 Introduction 

Parts of the UXS aerial imaging rover 

The main parts of the UXS aerial imaging rover are shown below. 

Top view 

• 

• • 

0 Aircraft body • • Leading edge • • Payload bay • 0 Battery • • Camera 

e 

• 

I • 

eBox 

Pitottube 

GPS antenna 

Mode button 

• 

• Download cable connector 

• Elevon servos 

• Inboard elevon 

• Outboard elevon 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 8 
1 Introduction 

Bottom view 

• 

• 

• 

• • • 

• Camera lens hole • Motor • Propeller 

• Launcher slat e Propeller nut • Winglet 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 9 
1 Introduction 

Solution components 

The UXS aerial imaging solution comprises the following components: 

• UXS aerial imaging rover 

• Camera 

• Ground control station 

• Launcher 

• Tracker (optional) 

UXS aerial imaging rover 

The UXS aerial imaging rover consists of the wing kit (or body) and the eBox. The eBox is a 

removable box containing the computer that controls the UXS. The eBox is connected to a GPS 

antenna and a radio antenna so that the ground control station can communicate with the UXS 

while it is in the air. 

Camera 

The camera captures images during the flight. The camera has a large 24.3 mega pixel (Sony a5100} or 

16.1 mega pixel (Sony NEX-5) APS-e sensor that provides sharp, detailed images. The standard RGB 

solution includes a UV HAZE 1 filter. The optional NIR (near infrared) solution is for use in specialized 

applications such as agriculture. 

Ground control station 

The ground control station (GCS) is used to control the UXS aerial imaging rover from the ground. It 

comprises the Trimble Tablet running the Trimble Access•M Aerial Imaging software. The Trimble UXS 

modem is connected to the Tablet to enable radio communication to the unmanned aircraft. 

Launcher 

The launcher is a mechanical device that provides a safe way to launch the UXS aerial imaging 

rover in the direction of takeoff. 

Tracker 

The tracker consists of a transmitter inserted in the body of the UXS aerial imaging rover and a 

receiver. If required, the receiver is used to track the transmitter signal so the UXS can be located 

once it has landed. The exact type of tracker used depends on the country where the system is 

being used. Check with your Trimble distributor what is available for your location. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 10 
1 Introduction 

Flight case contents 

When you receive your solution components, unpack them and store them in the dedicated 

cavities in the flight case. 

Check off the components against the illustration below to ensure that you have all of the 

components you need for a successful flight: 

• • 

• • 

• 

• 

• Tablet, Tablet charger, modem and RF • UXS battery charger and charge cable 

antenna, download cable 

• UXS battery • Spare camera battery and camera 

battery charger 

• Tracker transmitter and receiver • Lens cleaning paper 

• Power strip and power cable I) Pre-moistened lens cloth 

• UXS body, with camera, eBox and top cover • Pitot cover, tools and optional spare 

parts 

• Extra parts such as winglets, propellers 

Note- Some components are small parts that are easily lost. To avoid this, as soon as you unpack them: 

- insert the camera battery and SD card into the camera. 

- attach the GPS and RF antennas to the eBox. See Inserting the eBox and camera, page 12. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 11 
1 Introduction 

Note- According to ICAO/IATA regulations, Lithium polymer batteries must be carried in hand luggage 

when transporting the system by air. 

Note- The following parts of the Trimble UXS aerial imaging solution are considered dual-use: the eBox, 

Trimble Tablet and launcher. Dual-use goods are products and technologies normally used for civilian 

purposes but which may have military applications. Under EU regulations, controlled items may not leave 

the EU customs territory without an export authorization. Additional restrictions are also in place 

concerning the provision of broke ring services with regard to dual-use items and concerning the transit of 

such items through the EU. The same is true when exporting goods from any country outside the EU to 

any other country outside the EU. 

Inserting the eBox and camera 

The eBox and camera are stored inside the UXS body in the flight case. 

1. Unpack the UXS body, the eBox, GPS antenna, RF antenna, and camera. 

2. Attach the RF antenna to the underside of the eBox. 

3. Attach the GPS antenna to the top side of the eBox. 

I 

4. Insert the eBox into the eBox cavity of the UXS body, sliding the bottom end into the cavity and 

then pressing down so that the connector on the rear plugs into the connector in the UXS 

body. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 12 
1 Introduction 

WA~NING- Always disconnect the battery from the aircraft before inserting or removing the eBox from 

the UXS body. If the battery is still connected, you risk damaging the electronics inside the UXS body. For 

information on disconnecting the battery, see Removing the battery, page 52. 

5. Insert the screw into the hole ofthe eBox and screw the eBox into place using a TlOTorx 

screwdriver. 

6. If you are using the: 

Sony a5100 camera 

a. Insert the adapter piece into the camera cavity of the payload bay of the UXS body. 

b. Use the USB cable to connect the camera to the connector from the eBox. 

c. Insert the camera into the camera cavity of the payload bay and secure it using the Velcro 

strap. 

Sony NEXS camera 

a. Insert the two adapter pieces into the camera cavity of the payload bay of the UXS body. 

b. Connect theIR LED cable to the connector from the eBox. 

c. Insert the camera into the camera cavity of the payload bay and secure it using the Velcro 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 13 
1 Introduction 

strap. 

Note- After inserting and securing the camera, check the shutter speed as the settings control might 

have spun and changed the setting. 

Installing the Aerial Imaging software 

Use the Aerial Imaging software to plan, manage, and monitor your flights. 

The Aerial Imaging Desktop software is installed on an office computer. The field version of the Aerial 

Imaging software is installed on the Tablet. The field software provides all of the functionality 

included in the office software. In addition, you can use the field software to monitor the aircraft 

during flight. 

Aerial Imaging Desktop installation 

1. To install the Aerial Imaging Desktop software, use the Trimble Access Installation Manager. If 

you have: 

• not installed the Trimble Access Installation Manager before, go to www.trimble.comltaim 

for installation information. Make sure you download and install the TAIM Online version. 

• previously installed the Trimble Access Installation Manager, you do not need to reinstall it 

because it updates itself automatically. 

2. Make sure you do not have a Tablet or other Trimble controller connected to the office 

computer. 

3. Select Start I All Programs I Trimble Access Installation Manager to start the Installation 

Manager. 

4. Select the Trial software tab. 

5. Select the Aerial Imaging Desktop check box. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 14 
1 Introduction 

6. Click Create license. 

7. The Trimble Access Installation Manager switches to the Licensed applications tab and shows 

the now licensed Aerial Imaging Desktop software. 

8. Click Install. 

For further information on updating the software, refer to the Help file in the Trimble Access 

Installation Manager. To view the Help file, select the Trimble icon in the top left, and then select 

Help. 

Aerial Imaging Tablet installation 

When you first turn on the Tablet, you must install the Windows® 7 operating system. To do this 

you must set a user name and password for the Tablet. The installation of Windows 7 takes about 5 

minutes. 

1. To install the Aerial Imaging software on the Tablet, use the Trimble Access Installation 

Manager.lfyou have: 

• not installed the Trimble Access Installation Manager before, go to www.trimble.com/taim 

for installation information. 

• previously installed the Trimble Access Installation Manager, you do not need to reinstall it 

because it updates itself automatically. 

2. Select Start I All Programs I Trimble Access Installation Manager to start the Installation 

Manager. 

3. Make sure Aerial Imaging is selected in the product bar. 

4. In the Licensed applications tab, select the Aerial Imaging check box and then click Install. 

Forfurther information on how to install or update your software and license file, refer to the Help 

file in the Trimble Access Installation Manager. To view the Help file, select the Trimble icon in the 

top left, and then select Help. 

Software notifications 

The software notification service is installed on your office computer or Trimble Tablet along with 

the T AIM software. The service uses the Windows notification area, which appears at the far right of 

the Windows task bar. 

The service notifies you when newer versions of the Aerial Imaging software are available. 

Notifications occur once a week until you have updated your system. 

To run TAIM and install updates, click the notification message. Alternatively, click the Show Hidden 

Icons arrow in the Windows taskbar and then double-click the Trimble Access Installation Manager 

icon. 

To manually check for updates, click the Show Hidden Icons arrow in the Windows task bar and then 

right-click the Trimble Access Installation Manager icon and select Check for updates. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 15 
1 Introduction 

Updating the eBox firmware 

The Aerial Imaging software automatically checks that the eBox firmware is up to date when the 

connection between the GCS and the UXS is established during the flight checklist procedure. If 

firmware updates are available you are prompted to perform an update. It takes about 30 minutes 

to update the eBox firmware. 

To manually initiate a firmware update, tap Checking the firmware version in the Maintenance 

screen. lfthe firmware version is out of date, tap Update. 

1. When the Update firmware checklist appears, do one of the following: 

• To dismiss the update checklist, tap No . 

• To start the firmware update, tap Yes. The update checklist appears. 

2. When prompted, attach the modem. Tap Next to update the modem firmware. 

3. When prompted, connect the download cable. Tap Next to update the eBox firmware. 

4. The eBox firmware update consists of several automatic steps. When the firmware has finished 

updating, disconnect the download cable from the eBox and the modem. 

Depending on whether the Update firmware checklist was started automatically or manually, 

either the start of the flight checklist or the Maintenance screen appears. 

Projects, missions, blocks, and flights 

A project consists of one or more missions. Missions represent the areas to be aerially 

photographed. A mission area consists of one or more blocks within the mission area. By default 

there is one block per mission area, but if the estimated flight time for a block exceeds 50 minutes 

then the mission area must be divided into smaller blocks. Blocks provide flexibility so that the 

mission areas in a project can be covered in the smallest number of flights, because a flight can 

cover one or more blocks, as long as the total flight time for the blocks is less than 50 minutes. 

For example, a farmer wants to aerially photograph his potato fields. The farmer has two potato 

fields, located 500 m apart from each other. In his project, he creates a mission area for each field. 

By default, each mission area consists of one block. One field can be mapped in an estimated flight 

time of 20 minutes. But one field is so large the estimated flight time is 70 minutes. It cannot be 

mapped in one flight. Therefore, the farmer splits the mission area into two blocks. He could split 

the mission area into two equal blocks of 35 minutes, but then that would result in three separate 

blocks that have to be flown as three separate flights. Instead, the farmer splits the large mission 

area into one 45 minute block and one 25 minute block. Then the farmer adds the new 25 minute 

block to the flight for the existing 20 minute block. The farmer can now map both mission areas in 

two flights, each of 45 minutes duration. 

Projects, blocks, and flights can be copied so it is easy to set up similar projects or flights. Copy 

blocks to easily repeat flights at different heights. Or copy flights to redo a flight regularly, for 

example to track changes or progress over the mission area. 

Note- Project planning is usually done in the office. Block and flight planning can be prepared in the 

office but must be validated in the field after checking actual conditions. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 16 
1 Introduction 

Project phases 

The typical phases of a project are: 

• Project definition: In the office you can define one or more missions, adding details such as 

background maps, avoidance zones, and text fields if required. The area, ground sample 

distance (GSD), and the amount of image overlap are defined for each mission. 

• Block definition: Depending on the size and nature of a mission area, you can split a mission 

area into one or more blocks. In the office you can specify the wind and flight line direction. For 

each block you can customize the GSD, height, and image overlap. In the field, you must 

validate the block properties to take into account the actual wind direction and environment. 

• Flight definition: In the office you can prepare one or more flights to cover the block(s) and 

suggest the takeoff and landing locations. In the field you must validate the flight properties, 

including the selected takeoff and landing locations. The flight checklist is completed to ensure 

that the system is ready for the flight. 

• Flight scheduling: Flight scheduling is completed outside of the Aerial Imaging software. 

Checks for flight permissions, weather, and site suitability are completed and the flight is 

scheduled. Before heading to the site, all equipment is checked for any damage from previous 

flights and all batteries are fully charged. 

• Flight operation: After launching the UXS aerial imaging rover, the flight is monitored using the 

ground control station. After the UXS lands, the post-flight checklist is completed to transfer 

the flight data to the Tablet. 

• Analysis and export: The flight and captured images are analyzed to make sure they are 

synchronized and the data is exported in the appropriate file format for image processing. 

• Image processing: The data collected during the flight is processed using image processing 

software such as Trimble Business Center software. 

Software overview 

• The Home screen 

• The Projects screen 

• Software tabs 

• Title bar buttons 

• Status icons 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 17 
1 Introduction 

The Home screen 

When you open the Aerial Imaging software, the Home screen appears. 

The Home screen is shown below: 

From this screen you can: 

~Trimble. 

• Create a new project or import a project. Alternatively, browse to the Projects screen to view 

available projects. See The Projects screen, page 19. 

• Change system settings. See Changing the system settings, page 21. 

• Access the Maintenance screen. SeePerformlng maintenance, page 22 

'~+- To return to the current job, click ",,,.,_). 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 18 
1 Introduction 

The Projects screen 

To view the Projects screen, click 0 in the Home screen. Existing projects are displayed in the 

thumbnail carousel on the left and in the list to the right. 

To search for a project, enter the project name in the search bar above the list, or browse the 

project thumbnails. 

To view project details, click • beside a project name in the list. 

You must select a project before any of the following buttons except(), and ~are enabled: 

Create a new project. 

Import a project .gwt file. 

Note- Import is not backwards compatible 

with previous versions of the Aerial Imaging 

software. 

Export the project .gwt file 

Creating a project, page 25 

Importing the project, page 63 

Exporting the project, page 43 

Export project data as .jxl or .csv/.txt files for Exporting flight data for 

processing. processing, page 94 

Note- Export to .jxl or .csv/txt is backwards 

compatible with previous versions of the Aerial 

Imaging software. 

Copy the contents of the project. By default, 

the check box to copy flights and flight data is 

selected, but if you do not want to copy the 

project contents, clear the check box. 

Open the project. The Map layers screen 

appears. 

Delete the project and associated flight data, 

including images. 

Note - This behavior differs from previous 

versions of Aerial Imaging, where deleting a 

project did not delete the images associated 

with a project. 

Creating the mission, page 27 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 19 
1 Introduction 

Software tabs 

The Aerial Imaging software provides a tabular workflow. The tabs allow you to easily move between 

the different levels of project information and phases of a project. 

Most screens in the software provide access to the following tabs: 

Map layers tab 

Blocks tab 

Flights tab 

Fiight checklist tab 

Dashboard tab 

Post-flight checklist tab 

Title bar buttons 

Add a map, and create a mission. 

Add blocks to the mission, and set block 

properties, such as the GSD and height 

for the block. 

Add flights, and define flight properties, 

such as the takeoff and landing 

locations. 

Complete the fiight checklist. 

Monitor the UXS during flight. 

Transfer the flight data from the UXS to 

the Tablet. 

The title bar of the software includes the following buttons: 

8 Save the project. 

? View the Aerial Imaging Help and the software About dialog . • 

X Close the software. 

rn Return to the Projects screen. 

1t Return to the Home screen. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 20 
1 Introduction 

Status icons 

At the bottom of each screen, the footer shows the following information: 

GPS coordinates ofthe location of the 

cursor on the map. 

GPS coordinates of the location of the 

GCS. 

GPS coordinates of the location ofthe 

uxs. 

The battery level of the Tablet. 

During flight, the following information is shown: 

A 

- Ground speed. 

If the GCS has no GPS connection, this 

icon is red and the text "not available" is 

displayed. 

If the UXS has no GPS connection, this 

icon is not displayed. 

If you are using the Aerial Imaging 

Desktop software, this icon is not 

displayed. 

Distance between the GCS and the aircraft. 

Number of flight lines flown versus total number of flight lines. 

Changing the system settings 

To change settings for the Aerial Imaging software, click the Settings button@ in the Home screen. 

After configuring the settings, do one of the following: 

• Click V to accept the settings and then click 1t to return to the Home screen. 

• Click X to discard the changes you have made to the settings and return to the Home screen. 

General settings 

Use the settings in the General group to specify: 

• The language used for the Aerial Imaging software and help file. 

• The source for online maps. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 21 
1 Introduction 

Note - Trimble does not guarantee the accuracy of any mapping data source. It is your responsibility 

to double-check the precision of the coordinates. 

• Preferred units for speed, distance, altitude, and area. 

• Automatic generation of one flight. 

Select the check box to enable "fast track", where a small mission area that can be covered by 

one block will automatically create one flight to cover the block. Fast track enables you to 

rapidly browse through the tabs. Experienced users may prefer to clear this check box and 

create their own flights. 

• Automatic disabling of WiFi and Bluetooth during flight. 

By default this check box is selected to ensure optimal RF communication between the ground 

control station and the aircraft. 

Network settings 

Use the settings in the Network group to specify the proxy settings for the Internet connection. 

Select the check box to enable proxy settings for the Internet connection and then enter the 

settings to use. If you change these settings, you are prompted to restart the Aerial Imaging 

software. 

Note- You may need to configure the Internet proxy settings before you can view online maps. For the 

correct settings to use, consult your network administrator. 

Autopilot settings 

Use the settings in the Autopilot group to specify the communication timeout settings. 

Enter a value between 20 seconds and 1800 seconds (30 minutes). The default value is 120 seconds 

{2 minutes). 

Note- The country you are operating in may have regulations prescribing the minimum communication 

timeout setting that you must use. Make sure you are aware of these and that you use the regulated 

minimum setting for your location. 

Performing maintenance 

To perform maintenance on the body of the UXS or on the launcher, click~ in the Home screen to 

view maintenance procedures. Alternatively, refer to the Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution 

Maintenance Guide. 

The following maintenance procedures are available: 

• Replacing the drive unit 

• Replacing a servo 

• Replacing a propeller blade 

• Replacing the camera filter 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 22 
1 Introduction 

• Replacing a winglet or wing let screw 

• Checking the pitot tube 

• Replacing the launcher cord 

• Replacing the wheels of the launcher dock 

Check the UXS and the launcher after each flight to ensure the equipment is in good working order. 

For more information, see Preparing Equipment, page 48. 

Perform any maintenance required using the procedures above. If you note any issues not covered 

by these procedures, contact your Trimble distributor. 

In addition, the Maintenance screen allows you to check the firmware version ofthe eBox, and if 

necessary update the firmware. For more information, see Updating the eBoxfirmware, page 16. 

To exit the Maintenance screen and return to the Home screen, click 1t in the title bar. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 23 
Planning a Project 

• Creating a project 

• Preparing the project map 

• Defining the blocks 

• Obstacle clearances 

• Defining the flights 

• Exporting the project 

• Checking flight permissions and 

conditions 

CHAPTER 2 

This chapter describes how to plan a project. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 24 
2 Planning a Project 

Creating a project 

To create a new project, do one of the following: 

• in the Home screen, click [), and enter the name of the new project in the pop-up field. The 

Map layers screen for the new project appears. 

• In the Projects screen, click[), and enter the name of the new project in the pop-up field. The 

~ 

new project appears in the Projects list. Click E7 to open the project. The Map layers screen 

appears. 

Note - Names of projects, mission areas, blocks, and flights can contain the following characters: A-Z, a-z, 

0-9, dash (-),space ( ), and underscore (_). 

Preparing the project map 

A project must have at least one gee-referenced background map and one mission. Objects within a 

gee-referenced map are associated with a unique geographical location. 

To prepare the project map, select the Map layers tab. See: 

• Adding a background map, page 25 

• Creating the mission, pag-e 27 

• Adding information to the map, page 29 

Adding a background map 

You can use an online map, an offline map, or you can add your own gee-referenced map. 

• To use an online map: 

a. Make sure you have Internet access. 

b. Click~ on the map and then enter the location of interest. The map shows the area 

around the location using your preferred online map provider (see Changing the system 

settings, page 21). 

c. Zoom in or out, or pan until you view the preferred map area. 

Note- The online map is always available as a layer and cannot be deleted. You can have only one 

online map layer per project. 

• To use an offline map, click@= and then click~. Use the tool bar that appears on top of the 

map to select the satellite map or road map for download. The current view of the online map, 

including two extra zoom levels, is downloaded as an offline map. The largest area you can 

download has zoom levellO, which corresponds to approximately 95 m per pixel (0.06 miles per 

pixel). 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 25 
2 Planning a Project 

The offline map layer ensures you will be able to view the map background during the flight, if 

you do not have an Internet connection in the field. 

You can have multiple offline map layers in a project. 

• To use your own map, add a GeoTifffile that you have prepared earlier using software such as 

Trimble Business Center software. 

The GeoTifffile must be georeferenced in the WGS84 UTM datum and be less than 120MB in 

size. It must use no compression or LWZ file compression only. 

To generate a background map using the Trimble Business Center AP module, create an 

orthomosaic selecting "Low" resolution and "TIFF" for the file format. 

To add the GeoTifffile in Aerial Imaging, click tJ. Navigate to the location of the file, select it, 

and then click Open. The map shows the contents of the file you selected. 

You can have multiple GeoTiff map layers in a project. 

For more information on map layers, see Managing map layers, page 26. 

Managing map layers 

Click ~to toggle between the map view and the satellite view of the online map. 

The "Online map" is the map's default layer. The online map is always the bottom layer and cannot 

be moved up. 

An offline or GeoTiff layer sits above the online map and below any other layer, such as mission, 

avoidance zone, and KML file. 

New layers appear above a selected layer. If nothing is selected, it becomes the top layer. Layers at 

the top of the list appear as the top-most layers on the map. 

To change the order of the layers, use the 1i icon next to the layer name. 

To hide a layer, click 0 next to the layer name. 

To show a hidden layer, click next to the layer name. 

To disable any manipulation of a layer, click i next to the layer name. 

To remove a layer that is no longer required, select the layer in the list and then click 1lliJ below the 

list. You cannot delete the online map layer. 

To rename a layer, select the layer in the list and then click the layer's name. You can now edit the 

name. The online map cannot be renamed. 

Use the + and - buttons to zoom in and zoom out of the map. 

Click Ill to display the map grid lines. ,. , Use the... .. button, to zoom the map and all of its layers to the best view. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 26 
2 Planning a Project 

If you are viewing the map on the Tablet and it has a GPS connection, the® button is available. If 

you pan around the map, click®to center the map on the current GPS location. 

During flight, the A button is available. Click A to center the map on the current UXSiocation. 

Creating the mission 

A mission is the area to be flown over at a specified ground sample distance (GSD) and image 

overlap. 

1. To create the mission area: 

a. Click@ and then click Q. A toolbar appears on top of the map, allowing you to add a 

polygonal or rectangular area. 

b. Click the appropriate shape on the toolbar and then draw the shape of the mission area on 

the map: 

• For a polygon, click the mouse at each boundary point. 

• For a rectangle, click the mouse on the map. A standard-sized shape appears. The 

location of the mouse click is the center of the shape. 

To stop drawing and confirm the shape, click V. The mission layer appears in the map 

layers list to the right. 

To clear the shape, click X. 

c. To edit the mission area, select the area on the map or in the map layers list and then click 

tP. 

• To resize or reshape the area, click and move the boundary points on the map. 

• To reposition the area, click and move it on the map. 

• To add or delete boundary points or to rotate the shape, use the tool bar that appears 

on the map. To confirm your changes, dick V, or dick X to undo your changes. 

Note - It is not possible to add or remove boundary points for a rectangular area. 

d. Repeat the steps above to add as many mission areas as required. 

2. To edit the mission properties, click ~ next to the mission name in the map layers list and then 

do the following: 

a. Select the type of sensor that you wili use to map the mission; Sony a5100 or Sony i\iEX-5 

b. Set the ground sample distance (GSD). The default value is the GSD value obtained by 

flying at a height of 100m (328ft). For more information, see GSD and height, page 28. 

= c. Enter the image forward (f:M) and side overlap(~. The default value is 80"~. For more 

information, see Image forward and side overlap, page 28. 

The mission properties also shov; the size of the mission area. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 27 
2 Planning a Project 

Note -It is not possible to change the mission properties when a mission is locked. 

Tip- To disable editing of the mission area or mission properties, click i next to the mission 

name. 

GSD and height 

The GSD (ground sample distance) field specifies the distance on the ground represented by each 

pixel. The default resolution is 2.6 em (1.0 ")when using the Sony a5100 sensor and 3.2 em {1.3 ") 

when using the Sony NEX-5 sensor. 

The smaller the value in the GSD field, the more detailed the images. You should always specify a 

value equal to or smaller than the resolution required in the final orthophotos, after the images are 

processed. If the value in the GSD field is larger than the final resolution required, then the images 

acquired during the flight will not be detailed enough and the image processing software will need to 

interpolate additional pixels. This will result in images that do not have the expected resolution. 

The GSD field and the height at which the UX5 aerial imaging rover flies are linked. The higher the 

unmanned aircraft flies, the larger the distance on the ground represented by each pixel in the 

images acquired during the flight: 

Minimum: 75 m (246ft) 

100 m (328ft) 

150 m (492ft) 

Maximum: 750 m (2460ft) 

2.0 em (0.8 ") 

2.6 em (1.0 ") 

3.9 em (1.5 ") 

19.6 em (7.7 ") 

2.4 em (0.9 ") 

3.2 em (1.3 ") 

4.8 em (1.9 ") 

23.9 em (9.4 ") 

You will first specify the GSD value for the mission when you create the mission area. This 

determines the default height used for all blocks in that mission. For example, if you enter 4.8 em in 

the GSD field when using the Sony NEX-5 sensor, the unmanned aircraft will fly at 150m (492ft). 

During block definition you can adjust the height for each block, taking into account the specific 

obstacles in the block. 

Image forward and side overlap 

The default value of the overlap between images is 80%. Image overlap can range from 6QOJ6 to 90%. 

Note- Trimble does not recommend using an overlap of less than 80%, as it may prevent (large) parts of 

the dataset being adjustable in the Trimble Business Center software due to the lack of tie points, 

especially where the flight height was low or where the area contains trees or other tall objects, or areas 

that lack texture. 

By default the forward(~) - and side overlap(~ values are linked, so that when one value 

changes, the other value changes accordingly. To "break" the link so that the overlap values can be 

set independently, click 8 . To re-establish the link, click /}. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 28 
2 Planning a Project 

A higher overlap results in: 

• better accuracy 

• a higher density of flight lines on the area 

• a higher number of images to process 

• longer processing times for images 

• longer flight duration for the same area 

Select the overlap value for your mission based on the accuracy, flight duration, and the number of 

images you require. 

Adding information to the map 

You can add the following types of information to the map: 

• avoidance zones 

• KML files containing lines, points, images, and polygons 

• .csv files containing ground control points (GCPs) 

1. To create an avoidance zone: 

a. Click@ and then f&. A toolbar appears on top of the map, allowing you to add a 

polygonal, rectangular, or ellipsoidal area. 

b. Click the appropriate shape on the toolbar and then draw the shape of the avoidance zone 

on the map: 

• For a polygon, click the mouse at each boundary point. 

• For a rectangle or ellipse, click the mouse on the map. A standard-sized shape 

appears. The location of the mouse click is the center of the shape. 

To stop drawing and confirm the shape, click V. The avoidance zone appears in the list 

to the right. 

To clear the shape, click X. 

c. To edit the avoidance zone, select the zone on the map or in the map layers list and then 

click tf>. 

• To resize or reshape the avoidance zone, click and move the boundary points on the 

map. 

• To reposition the avoidance zone, click and move it on the map. 

• To add or delete the boundary points or to rotate the shape, use the toolbarthat 

appears on the map. To confirm your changes, click V. To undo your changes, click 

X 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 29 
2 Planning a Project 

Note - It is not possible to add or remove boundary points for a rectangular or ellipsoidal 

zone. 

Tip- To disable editing of the avoidance zone, click i next to the avoidance zone name. 

d. Repeat the steps above to add as many avoidance zones as required. 

Note- The mission area and the +I- 200m(+/- 656ft} required for turns should not overlap any 

avoidance zone on the map. If the mission area is orange, you must move the area out of the 

avoidance zone. 

2. Click flto add the follovJing t'y'pes offiles as layers: 

• A KML file that you have previously downloaded from Google Maps. 

• Ground control points (GCPs) contained in a .csv file. 

The format for the .csv file is: Identifier, Latitude, Longitude, Altitude. The coordinates 

must be in the WGS84 coordinate system and the altitude in meters. There should be no 

header. 

Defining the blocks 

To define blocks, select the Blocks tab. 

Note- You must validate in the field any blocks you have defined in the office. 

Each mission area defined for a project is automatically covered by one block. The block appears in 

the list to the right and as a yellow shape on the map. The map does not contain any blocks if you 

have not yet defined a mission area in the Map layers tab. 

When you select the block, the blue flight lines that appear over the block indicate the direction the 

UXS will fly across the block. The unmanned aircraft should always fly perpendicular to the prevailing 

wind direction and all turns should be made into the wind. By default, the prevailing wind direction 

is a northerly wind. North is located at the top of the map. 

Define more blocks as required to: 

• Cover the entire mission area. You will need to add more blocks ifthe estimated time for a 

block exceeds 50 minutes. The flight time can be viewed in the block properties . 

• Cover different parts ofthe mission at different heights to deal with differences in terrain. 

• Easily repeat flights at different heights to obtain different results. 

You can combine and split blocks as required to fly the mission area in the most efficient number of 

flights. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 30 
2 Pia nning a Project 

The Blocks tab, for an example mission and block, is shown below: 

To edit blocks: 

1. To update the prevailing wind direction to match the expected conditions in the field: 

a. Tap the wind direction arrow in the top right corner of the map and drag it so that it 

indicates the direction of the wind at the site. The flight lines rotate accordingly. 

Note- To ensure smooth turns and limited headwind and tailwind during flight, it is important 

to correctly indicate the prevailing wind direction. However, to disable the control of the flight 

lines by wind direction, click 0 next to the block name in the list. To manually adjust the 

direction of the flight lines, tap the flight lines in the map and rotate as required. This is useful 

when the mission/block area is a narrow rectangle, in which case you should always put the 

flight lines along the longest side of the rectangle, independent from the wind direction. 

b. If the flight lines change to red, this indicates that one or more flight lines (including the 

additional+/- 200m (+/-656ft) required for turns) overlaps an avoidance zone. For more 

information, see Creating the mission, page 27. Once you have edited the mission area, 

the block and flight lines update automatically. 

2. To view the properties of a block, click • next to the block name. By default the block inherits 

the properties of the mission. If required, edit the height (or GSD) and image overlap values for 

the block, taking into account specific obstacles in the block. Images are not acquired until the 

unmanned aircraft climbs to the specified height. 

The software estimates the total flight time needed to cover the block. The estimated flight 

time does not include the time to get to and from the takeoff and landing locations. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 31 
2 Planning a Project 

The block properties also show the size of the block area and the mission to which the block 

belongs. 

3. if the estimated flight duration exceeds 50 minutes, a warning indication A appears next to 

the block name in the list. If the warning appears then you must split the block: 

a. Select the block and then click#. A toolbarappears on top of the map that allows you to 

split the block. 

b. Click E!J. By default the block is divided through the center of the rectangular boundary 

box surrounding the block area, perpendicular to the wind direction. 

c. To change the cut, manipulate the boundary points of the dividing line. 

d. Click V to confirm splitting the block. The original block is divided in two and both blocks 

appear in the list. 

Note -Splitting blocks can cause existing blocks to be renumbered. 

e. Repeat the steps above until the flight duration of all blocks is less than 50 minutes, 

because you need to also consider the takeoff and landing time. 

f. To undo a split, select one of the blocks that you want to combine and click#. From the 

toolbar that appears on the map, click EtJ and then select the other block to merge. You 

can only merge adjacent blocks. Click V to confirm the merge. The properties of the first 

selected block are used for the merged block. 

4. To use a left turn or a right turn to enter the block during flight, click§ or§. This setting also 

defines the first waypoint that the UXS will fly to. 

Managing blocks 

To change the order of blocks, click li next to the block name. Blocks at the top of the list appear as 

the top-most blocks on the map. To manipulate a block, move it up so that it can be selected on the 

map. 

To hide a block, click 0 next to the block name. 

To show a hidden block, click · next to the block name. 

To copy the properties of a block to a new block, select the block with the required properties in the 

list or on the map and then click f:D below the list. Copying a block is useful if you need to scan the 

same mission area using different GSD and overlap values. 

Note - When copying a block that is the result of a spiit action, the new block wiii have the size of the 

original block (that is, it covers the entire mission area). 

To remove a block that is no longer required, select the block and then click IlliJ. If the block was 

created by splitting a block, all other blocks that were part of the splitting action are also removed.lf 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 32 
2 Planning a Project 

those blocks were the only blocks that covered the mission area, the software automatically creates 

a new block, which has the size and properties of the mission. 

To rename a block, select the block in the list and then click on the block's name. You can now edit 

the name. 

Obstacle clearances 

When defining a flight, you must ensure that the selected takeoff and landing locations are clear of 

obstacles. Obstacle clearances for each stage of the flight are shown below. 

When you arrive at the site, visually check the takeoff and landing locations to ensure that the 

selected locations are free of obstacles. 

Obstacle clearances for takeoff 

From 0 m (takeoff location) to 50 m: Within the first SO m (164ft), there must be a clear area free 

of obstacles within 30• to the left and right of the launch direction. 

From 50 m to 280m: From the first 50 m (164ft) and within 280m (919ft), obstacles must not 

appear above the safety line determined by a 15" safety angle and within 25m (82ft) to the left and 

right of the launch direction. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 33 
2 Planning a Project 

Obstacle clearances for cruise flight 

During cruise flight, no obstacles must appear between the cruise flight height and 25m (82ft) 

below it: 

Obstacle clearances for descent 

When entering the landing orbit, no obstacles must appear with a 300m (984ft) radius of the center 

of the orbit. Once the UX5 has descended 25m from the cruise flight height, the required obstaclefree area has a radius of 150m (462ft). 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 34 
2 Planning a Project 

Obstacle clearances for landing 

Once you confirm the landing, the UXS starts the final leg of the landing. 

Along the final leg of the landing, there must be a clear area free of obstacles within 15m to the left 

and right of the landing direction. 

In the final leg ofthe landing, no obstacles must appear in the yellow zone shown in the vertical 

cross section of the landing. In addition, the landing location must be free of obstacles and meet the 

minimum size indicated: 

• Linear landing 

• Curved landing 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 35 
2 Planning a Project 

During the final leg ofthe landing it is possible to click the Abort button (see Handling emergencies 

during flight, page 81). To successfully abort the flight, extra clearances should be taken into 

account: 

• Linear landing abort clearance 

·• 

• Curved landing abort clearance 

Trimble UXS Aerial imaging Solution User Guide 36 
2 Planning a Project 

Defining the flights 

To define flights, select the Flights tab. 

Note- You must validate in the field any flights you have defined in the office. 

The Flights tab, for an example flight where takeoff and landing are planned but not fixed, is shown 

below: 

If the auto-generate flight setting is enabled in the Settings screen, the software automatically 

generates a flight including block 1 (the top-most block). A flight can cover more than one block, and 

blocks can be linked to more than one flight. Depending on the number and size of the blocks you 

have defined in the Blacks tab, you may need several flights to cover all the blocks defined for the 

mission area(s). To add a flight, click~- A new entry appears in the list. 

To copy a flight, select the flight in the list or on the map and then click [tJ below the list. Copying a 

flight is useful if you want to repeat a flight and keep the data of both flights. 

To remove a flight that is no longer required, select the flight and then click I below the list. 

Note- This removes the flight data stored on the Tablet for this flight. 

To rename a flight, select the flight in the list and then click the flight name. You can now edit the 

name. 

To define a flight, see: 

.. Setting the takeoff parameters, page 38 

• Setting the landing properties, page 39 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 37 
2 Planning a Project 

• Adding blocks to the flight, page 40 

• Managing the sequence that blocks are flown over, page 41 

• Simulating the flight, page 42 

Setting the takeoff parameters 

1. To set the takeoff parameters, in the Flight tab click • beside the flight and then dick • 

beside Takeoff. A toolbar appears on top of the map. 

2. To set the takeoff location, do one of the following: 

a. To add a new location without GPS: In the Aerial Imaging Desktop or Tablet software, 

dick@ and then click on the map to set the location. The takeoff pin appears on the map 

with an arrow indicating the takeoff heading and shows the "Planned and not active" 

status icon .). 

You can add as many takeoff locations as you want. Click V to confirm the added 

locations. 

b. To add a new location using GPS: In the Aerial Imaging Tablet software, physically go to 

the takeoff location and then click@. If the location you want to fix lies within 10m of a 

planned pin, the planned pin is fixed. Otherwise, a new pin with the fixed status is added to 

the map. The takeoff pin appears on the map with an arrow indicating the takeoff heading 

and shows the "Fixed and not active" status icon 0. 

You can fix as many takeoff locations as you want. Click V to confirm the fixed locations. 

c. Click the takeoff pin on the map or use the drop-down menu in the Takeoff properties to 

select any defined location. The takeoff pin status changes to "Active". or 0. 

'Jete = Each takeoff location comes vvith default pararneters (for example_, the heading is set 

into the wind direction). If you change the heading, the takeoff location is updated accordingly. 

If you use this location in another flight, the heading is set to the value of the latest change in all 

flights where the location is used. 

3. To set the takeoff heading, click the arrow next to the takeoff pin and rotate to change the 

takeoff direction and avoid any obstacles. For more information, see Obstacle clearances for 

takeoff, page 33. By default, the takeoff heading is set into the wind direction set in the Blocks 

tab. Alternatively, you can enter the heading for the selected pin in the Heading field. 

Note -Always try to takeoff into the wind. This prevents a higher launch speed and a higher risk of 

launch failures. 

4. When the flight has a block linked to it or when the landing has been defined, the takeoff route 

is displayed. To edit the takeoff route, click and drag the waypoints on the map. 

Tip- To use a left turn or a right turn to enter the block, click~ or §?.in the block properties in the 

Blocks tab. This setting also defines the first waypoint that the UXS will fly to. The takeoff route is updated 

to match the type ofturn selected. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 38 
2 Planning a Project 

5. To delete a takeoff location, click@) in the toolbar on top of the map and then from the map 

select the takeoff pin that you want to remove. 

You can delete as many takeoff locations as you want. Click V to confirm the deleted 

locations. 

Setting the landing properties 

For additional safety, the Aerial Imaging software enables you to set alternative landing 

parameters. These alternative landing locations are useful if: 

• The preferred landing location is suddenly unavailable due to a sudden obstacle in the landing 

clearance zone. 

• The wind direction changes during the flight and the alternative landing location is better suited 

to the new conditions. 

To set landing properties: 

1. In the Flight tab click ., beside the flight and then click ., beside Landing. A toolbar appears 

on top of the map. 

2. To set the landing location, do one of the following: 

a. To add a new location without GPS: In the Aerial Imaging Desktop or Tablet software, 

click@ and then click on the map to set the location. The landing pin appears on the map 

with an arrow indicating the landing heading and shows the "Planned and not active" 

status icon .). 

You can add as many landing locations as you want. Click V to confirm the added 

locations. 

b. To add a new location using GPS: In the Aerial Imaging Tablet software, physically go to 

the landing location and then click @.If the location you want to fix lies within 10m of a 

planned pin, the planned pin is fixed. Otherwise, a new pin with the fixed status is added to 

the map. A landing pin with fixed status has an arrow indicating the landing heading and 

You 

shows 

can 

the 

fix 

"Fixed 

as many 

and 

landing 

not active" 

locations 

status 

as 

icon 

you want. 

•. 

-

Click V to confirm the fixed locations. 

c. Click the landing pin on the map or use the drop-down menu in the Landing properties to 

select any defined location. The landing pin status changes to "Active". or 0. 

Note - Each landing location comes with default parameters (for example, the heading is set 

into the wind direction). If you change the heading, the landing location is updated accordingly. 

Jf you use this location in another flight, the heading is set to the value of the latest change in ail 

flights where the location is used. 

3. To set the landing heading, tap the arrow next to the landing pin and rotate to change the 

landing direction and avoid any obstacles. For more information, see Obstacle clearances for 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 39 
2 Planning a Project 

landing, page 35. 

Alternatively, you can enter the heading for the selected pin in the Landing heading field. 

By default, the landing heading is set into the wind direction set in the Blocks tab. To help you 

define the landing heading in the field, zoom in on the map to the most detailed zoom level and 

then walk into the heading with the GCS for about 20to 30 meters. You will seethe GCS 

location move on the screen. Now rotate the arrow and position the final leg of the landing 

circuit over the center of the GCS icon® on the map. 

Note -Always try to land into the wind. This prevents a higher landing speed and a higher risk of 

damage to the UXS. 

4. Set the landing type to use a linear or curved landing, depending on the landing surface and 

available clearances. 

• The linear landing type requires less clearance and lands the UXS on the ground more 

quickly, but has a larger impact on the aircraft. 

• The curved landing type requires larger clearances but reduces the impact on the aircraft 

when it lands, and is especially suited for hard landing surfaces. 

For more information, see Obstacle clearances for landing, page 35. 

5. When the flight has a block linked to it, the landing route is displayed: 

a. Set the landing entry to use a left or right turn, depending on which turning direction 

provides better visibility and is furthest away from any obstacles (see Obstacle clearances 

for landing, page 35). 

b. To edit the landing route, click and drag the waypoints on the map. 

6. To delete a landing location, click@ in the toolbar on top of the map and then from the map 

select the landing pin that you want to remove. 

You can delete as many landing locations as you want. Click V to confirm the deleted 

locations. 

7. To set alternative landing parameters, repeat the steps above. 

Note- To use a specific landing for the flight, make sure that the landing is selected in the dropdown menu. 

Adding blocks to the flight 

1. To add blocks, in the Flight tab click ... beside the flight and then click ... beside Select blocks. 

All blocks defined in the project appear on the map and in the list to the right. Only the blocks 

that if added will keep the flight time less than SO minutes can be selected. For each block the 

status is indicated: 

~ No icon: Not scheduled 

tit. • • Scheduled 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 40 
2 Planning a Project 

A 

• ~)Flown 

A 

• • Flown and log files downloaded 

2. From the map or the list, select one or more blocks to link to the flight. 

The selected blocks are highlighted, and the flight lines and connection routes appear on the 

map. 

Tip- To remove blocks from a flight, unselectthe block in the list or the map. 

3. Click ... to confirm the selection. 

The selected blocks appear in the list to the right between Takeoff and Landing, together with 

the default connection types. 

Note -A block can be linked to more than one flight. 

Managing the sequence that blocks are flown over 

If a flight will cover more than one block, the software automatically connects the last waypoint of 

one block with the first waypoint of the next block. By default the connection is a straight line and is 

displayed between the blocks in the flight properties in the Flights tab. 

To change the order of the blocks within a flight, select a block and then click lito move the block 

up or down in the list to the right. The connection between sequential blocks updates accordingly. 

To change the connection type between blocks, click ... to the right of the connection type list entry 

and then: 

........ '

Fly straight to the first waypoint of the following block. If it did not yet reach the 

height of this waypoint, it orbits up in 200m diameter circles until it reaches the 

height. 

Orbit up in 200m diameter circles until it reaches the height of the following block and 

then fly straight to the first waypoint of the following block. This works if the height of 

the next block is higher than the previous block. 

Fly to the following block keeping the same height of the last way point of the previous 

block and then orbit up in 200m diameter circles until it reaches the first waypoint of 

the block. This works if the height of the next block is higher than the previous block. 

Fly straight to the first way point of the following block. If it did not yet reach the 

height of this waypoint, it orbits down in 200m diameter circles until it reaches the 

height. 

Fly to the following block keeping the same height of the last waypoint of the previous 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 41 
2 Planning a Project 

. 

block and then orbit down in 200m diameter circles until it reaches the first waypoint 

of that block. This works if the height of the next block is lower than the previous 

block . 

....... Orbit down in 200m diameter circles until it reaches the height of the next block and 

then fly straight to the first waypoint of that block. This works ifthe height of the next 

block is lower than the previous block. 

To edit the straight line between blocks, click and drag the waypoints on the map. 

Note - The connection type cannot be changed if sequential blocks have the same height. 

Simulating the flight 

After creating a flight, click® to simulate the flight to check the following items: 

• The UXS uses the correct takeoff direction. 

• The flight height, route, and turns used are all correct. 

• The UXS does not enter any avoidance zones. 

• The UXS uses the correct landing circuit. 

Note - Be aware that the simulation is an estimate of the flight path. This is because the simulation 

cannot take into account the environmental factors, such as wind, during the actual flight. 

Tip- The {B button is not available until you have exited the flight properties. To do this, click the arrow to 

collapse the flight. 

Exporting to KM L 

The flight simulation can be exported to a KML file and viewed in software such as Google Earth. 

1. In the Flights screen, select the flight for which you want to export the simulation. 

2. Click~-+. 

A message shows that the KML file is being generated. When the process is complete, the 

Export wizard appears. 

3. Navigate to the folder where you want to save the flight simulation, enter the file name and 

then click Save. 

You can now open the KML file in software such as Google Earth to view the flight simulation in 

3D. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 42 
2 Planning a Project 

Exporting the project 

Note- This step is required if you did the project planning in the Aerial imaging Desktop software. You 

must complete this step so that you can import the project into the Aerial imaging software on the Tablet. 

1. In the Projects screen, select the project to export. 

2. Click~ ... The Export wizard appears. 

3. Select the GWT output format. Click Next. 

4. Navigate to the folder where you want to save the project, enter the file name and then click 

Save. 

The exported project is saved as a .gwt file in the folder you selected. 

5. Click Finish to close the Export wizard. 

6. If the folder you exported the mission to is not a network folder that the Tablet can access, 

transfer the exported mission to a USB stick and then transfer it to the Tablet. 

7. To import the mission to the Aerial Imaging software on the Tablet, see Importing the project, 

page 63. 

Checking flight permissions and conditions 

In the days before the flight, complete the following checks to make sure the flight can proceed. 

Note - The use of unmanned aircraft in any national airspace system is regulated by the applicable 

National Aviation Authority. The regulations for flying unmanned aircraft are subject to change, 

sometimes without warning. It is the users responsibility to know and adhere to the current laws for 

operating in the national airspace system. Trimble is not obliged to inform users of changes to unmanned 

aircraft laws. 

Trimble and Authorized Distribution Partners provide comprehensive training for the unmanned 

aircraft system which includes recommended procedures to ensure the safety for the remote crew 

members as well as the surrounding environment. It is the users responsibility to ensure safe 

operations and adhere to safety and security measures required by the National Aviation 

Authority. Trimble is not responsible for ensuring safe and secure operation of unmanned aircraft 

by the user. 

Checking flight permission 

• Check if you need a permit to operate an unmanned aircraft in the airspace above the site. 

• Make sure you understand the legal context for safe operation of an unmanned aircraft. 

• Check for existing rules and standards with your local Civil Aviation Authorities (CAA). 

• Make sure you have permission from the landowner. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 43 
2 Planning a Project 

• Make sure you have all other relevant permissions required for photography flights using 

unmanned aircraft. In some countries you need permission from defense organizations, the 

police, or a national geography institute to take pictures. 

Checking weather 

• In the days before the flight, check the TV weather broadcast or weather websites. This gives 

you a good general idea of the weather for the next three to four days. 

• For more accurate weather forecasts, consult and interpret aviation weather data through 

various weather websites. You can also contact the national meteorological office or a local 

meteorology office at an airport nearby. 

• On the day of the flight, consult the Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) and METAR reports. 

These are meteorological reports used in aviation. 

• Make sure the weather conditions are within the operating and image acquisition limitations. 

See Operation limitations, page 45 and Image acquisition limitations, page 45. 

The table below shows the wind speed expressed in different units: 

1-5 0.3-1.5 1-3 1-3 

'(~~ 2 6-11 1.6-3.3 4-6 4-7 

'(~~ 3 12-19 3.4-5.4 7-10 8-12 ~;~r. 

4 20-28 5.5-7.9 11-16 13-18 ft~'~ 

5 29-38 8.0-10.7 17-21 19-24 ~''" 

d; n to!!'-

6 39-49 10.8-13.8 22-27 25-31 ~'""" n }-

7 50-61 13.9-17.1 28-33 32-38 bJM 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 44 
2 Planning a Project 

Operation limitations 

The UXS aerial imaging rover cannot safely fly in all weather conditions. The following table shows 

the acceptable range for different conditions. 

Note- Your country of operation may have different or additional operational requirements. Make sure 

you are familiar with the appropriate regulations for the country you are operating in. If you are flying in 

the United States see also FM conditions and limitations of operation, page 130. If you are flying in 

France, see also French airspace requirements, page 135. 

& CAUTION -If any condition does not meet the acceptable range stated, the pilot should abort the mission. Flying 

outside the acceptable range of conditions will void your Trimble warranty. 

Time Between sunrise and sunset 

Distance from clouds Clear of clouds and always within line of sight 

Flight visibility 5000 m (16,400 ft) 

Operator-UAS visibility Visual line of sight 

Weather limitations Light rain is acceptable. Avoid hail, snow, and heavy 

showers 

Head wind Maximum 65 kph (40 mph) 

Cross wind Maximum 65 kph (40 mph) 

Gusts Maximum 15 kph (9 mph) 

Turbulence Avoid turbulence at all times 

Temperature -25 octo +55 oc (-13 OF to 131 °F) (excluding launcher) 

Maximum launch altitude (AMSL) 4250 m (13,493 ft) 

Maximum operational ceiling (AMSL) Tested at 5000 m (16,400ft) 

Endurance 50 mins 

Image acquisition limitations 

Although the UX5 aerial imaging rover itself can cope with heavy weather conditions, the main issue 

besides safety is the quality of the pictures acquired during the flight. The following table shows the 

maximum values for different weather conditions. 

& CAUTION -If any condition does not meet the acceptable maximum value stated, the pilot should abort the 

mission. Trimble does not guarantee good picture quality when flying in conditions beyond these limits. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 45 
2 Planning a Project 

Precipitation Light rain 

Wind SO kph (31 mph) 

Checking the site 

Note- When checking the site you should refer to the relevant AlP and NOT AM documents for your 

region . 

• Identify the airspace and geographic environment of the site. 

• Check the relevant aviation charts and make sure the flight area is not near any of the following 

areas: 

• Forbidden airspace 

• Airports, airfields (except with prior permission) 

• Power plants (except with prior permission) 

• Check the relevant aviation charts and take special care around: 

• Parachute and parasailing jumping areas 

• Winch areas 

• High-pressure gas-releasing units (documented in AlPs or NOTAMs) 

• Congested areas (for example, towns) 

• Check ifthere are other aerial or ground activities planned, for example major pubiic events. 

Checking the pilot 

• Make sure the pilot is certified to operate the UXS. 

• Check ifthe pilot needs any additional permits, such as a remote pilot license, a radio certificate 

for use of the 2-way radio for communication with air traffic control, and so on. 

• Be aware that the pilot has final responsibility for the operation of the UXS and its components. 

• Make sure the pilot is in good condition, both physical and mental. 

• Keep log files of the pilot hours and equipment used for each flight. 

Know your safe operating envelope 

• Trimble recommends having a crew of two people that will control the UXS: the pilot and the 

observer. They must be able to communicate at all times. Check your CAA regulations to see if a 

two-person crew is rna ndatory. 

• Make sure the crew understands the purpose and the phases ofthis particular mission. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 46 
2 Planning a Project 

• Make sure the crew understands all aspects of safe operation of the UXS. This includes: 

• Understanding all safety precautions described in the Trimble UXSAeriallmaging Rover 

Safety Guide. 

• Understanding how to handle emergencies during flight. See Handling emergencies during 

flight, page 81. 

• Understanding the particular requirements of the project and site, including avoidance 

zones. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 47 
Preparing Equipment 

• Checking the launcher 

• Checking the UXS aerial imaging rover 

• Charging the UXS batteries 

• Charging the Tablet batteries 

• Charging the camera batteries 

• Checking the camera 

• Pairing the transmitter with the 

tracking receiver 

• Locating your equipment 

CHAPTER 3 

As part of your flight preparation, make sure all 

equipment is in good condition and 

well-prepared. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 48 
3 Preparing Equipment 

Chec~ngthelauncher 

1. Make sure the launch slider is in good condition, and the launch dock moves freely along the 

slider. If the slider is damaged, contact your Trimble distributor. 

2. Check the launcher cord is not worn, and make sure there is enough elastic in the cord when it 

is stretched tight. If the cord must be replaced, click~ in the Home screen, select Launcher in 

the list to the right and then select Replacing the launcher cord or refer to the Trimble UX5 

Aerial Imaging Solution Maintenance Guide. 

3. Make sure the launch dock is in good condition. If it is damaged, contact your Trimble 

distributor. 

4. Make sure the launch dock wheels are in good condition and move freely.lfthey are worn and 

must be replaced, click~ in the Home screen, select Launcher in the list to the right and then 

select Replacing the wheels of the launcher dock or refer to the Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging 

Solution Maintenance Guide. 

Checking the UXS aerial imaging rover 

Thoroughly check the UXS before each flight to make sure that it is undamaged from any previous 

flight. Refer to the following sections: 

• Check the body, page 49 

• Check the pitot tube, page 50 

• Check the winglets, page 51 

• Check the propellers, page 51 

• Check the drive untt, page 51 

• Check the servos, page 51 

Check the body 

The body of the UXS must be clean for flight. Dirt and gravel on the body decreases the lift and 

increases the drag during flight. 

1. Clean the body with a damp cloth. 

CAUTION- Do not use high water pressure or a steel brush to dean the body of the rover. This can damage 

the surface of the UXS and affect the aerodynamics of the aircraft. Avoid the use of soivents to clean the 

surface of the UXS as they can negatively affect the materials. Always use lukewarm water and a soft 

brush. 

2. Check the body for cracks. If the body requires repair, contact your Trimble distributor. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 49 
3 Preparing Equipment 

3. Make sure there are no scratches on the camera filter. If the camera filter is damaged, click~ in the Home screen, select UXS in the list and then select Replacing the camera filter or refer to 

the Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution Maintenance Guide. 

4. Make sure that the camera filter is tightly screwed into the body. If not, gently tighten it, taking 

care not to over-tighten it. 

5. Using first the wet camera wipes and then the dry camera wipes, thoroughly clean the camera 

filter. Make sure there are no specks of moisture or dust, as these will affect the image quality. 

Note - Only use wipes that are specifically intended for cleaning camera lenses. 

Check the pitot tube 

The pitot tube must be in perfect condition as it is used to measure the total air pressure during 

flight. 

1. Remove the pitot tube from the eBox. 

2. Make sure the tube is not bent or broken. 

3. Blow into the tube to make sure nothing is blocking it. 

& CAUTION- Only blow into the pitot tube after you have removed it from the eBox. Do not blow into the 

pitot tube when it is connected to the eBox because this will damage the barometric sensors. 

4. If the pitot tube is blocked or damaged, click~ in the Home screen, select UXS in the list to 

the right and then select Checking the pitot tube or refer to the Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging 

Solution Maintenance Guide. When in doubt, contact your Trimble distributor. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 50 
3 Preparing Equipment 

Check the winglets 

To prevent roll stability issues, the winglets must be firmly attached to the UXS body. 

1. Make sure the winglets are intact. 

2. Make sure each winglet is firmly attached with two screws. 

3. If the winglets are damaged or not firmly attached, click~ in the Home screen, select UXS in 

the list to the right and then select Replacing a wing let or refer to the Trimble UX5Aerial 

Imaging Solution Maintenance Guide. When in doubt, contact your Trimble distributor. 

Check the propellers 

1. Make sure the propeller blades are intact. 

2. Make sure the propeller blades are well-positioned. 

3. Make sure each propeller blade is firmly attached. 

4. If a propeller blade is damaged or not well-positioned, click~ in the Home screen, select UXS 

in the list to the right and then select Replacing a propeller blade or refer to the Trimble UX5 

Aerial Imaging Solution Maintenance Guide. When in doubt, contact your Trimble distributor. 

Check the drive unit 

Make sure the drive unit is: 

• intact 

• firmly attached 

If the drive unit is damaged or not firmly attached, click~ in the Home screen, select UXS in the list 

to the right and then select Replacing the drive unit or refer to the Trimble UX5 Aerial Imaging 

Solution Maintenance Guide. When in doubt, contact your Trimble distributor. 

Check the servos 

The servos must be in perfect condition as they steer the UAS. When checking the servos, make 

sure that the servos: 

• respond as expected 

• are intact 

• are firmly attached and flush with the surface of the wing 

If a servo is damaged, click~ in the Home screen, select UXS in the list to the right and then select 

Replacing a servo or refer to the Trimble UX5 Aerial Imaging Solution Maintenance Guide. When in 

doubt, contact your Trimble distributor. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 51 
3 Preparing Equipment 

Charging the UXS batteries 

WARl\HNG -Lithium polymer batteries are volatile. Failure to read and follow these instructions may resuit in 

fire, personal injury, and damage to property if charged or used incorrectly. 

To prevent injury or damage: 

-Use only the charger specified to charge the battery. 

-If at any time you witness a battery starting to balloon or swell up, discontinue the charging process 

immediately. Disconnect the battery and place it in a safe observation area for approximately 15 minutes. 

Continuing to charge a battery that has begun to swell will result in fire. 

-Charge in an isolated area, away from flammable materials. 

- Never leave charging batteries unattended. When charging the batteries you should always remain in constant 

observation to monitor the charging process and react to potential problems that may occur. 

WARNING- Always check that the settings on the charger are correct before charging the battery. Incorrect 

charger settings may result in damage to the battery, severe burning, and fire hazards. 

Note -Before using the charger for the first time, carefully read the user documentation for the battery 

charger and read all of the information provided in the Battery safety section of this user guide (see UX5 

battery safety, page 119). 

Removing the battery 

1. Remove the top cover from the UXS body. 

2. Disconnect the main power connector of the battery from the aircraft: 

3. Loosen the Velcro straps and remove the battery from the battery compartment of the UXS. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 52 
3 Preparing Equipment 

Connecting and charging the battery 

1. Connect the Graupner Ultramat 14 plus charger to one of the following: 

• 12 V vehicle battery 

• lQ0-240 VAC power supply 

The charger powers on and displays the following parameters for the UXS battery: 

• LiPo manual 

• C:S.OA 6000mAh 

Note - If the charger does not display the default parameters, you must change the settings. For 

more information, see Battery charger settings, page 119. 

WARNING -The maximum charging current for the UXS battery is limited to 5 A. This value must be lower 

than the maximum permissible current (6 A) for the battery. Incorrect battery charging parameters can 

destroy your battery and cause it to catch fire or explode. 

2. Connect the charge cable to the charger: 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 53 
3 Preparing Equipment 

3. Connect the balancer connector of the battery to the charger. Align the connector to the right 

of the socket: 

4. Connect the charger cable of the charger to the power connector on the battery: 

5. On the charger, press and hold the Enter/Start key for two seconds. The battery starts 

charging. 

When a battery is fully charged, the charger produces an audible signal and stops charging 

automatically. The charger displays "END". At typical room temperature it takes approximately 

2 hours to charge a fully depleted battery. Charging time will vary depending on remaining 

battery life and ambient temperature. 

Note- Make sure you charge both UXS batteries before leaving the office for a flight. Trimble 

recommends always having a spare,fully-charged battery on hand. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 54 
3 Preparing Equipment 

Disconnecting the battery 

1. On the charger, press the Enter/Start key to put the charger in standby mode. 

2. Disconnect the charger cable of the charger from the power connector on the battery. 

3. Disconnect the balancer connector of the battery from the charger. 

Charging the Tablet batteries 

Install the Tablet battery packs and charge the batteries according to the instructions provided in 

the Trimble Tablet Rugged PC User's Manual. 

Note- Make sure you fully charge the Tablet batteries before leaving the office for a flight. 

Charging the camera batteries 

Install the camera battery and charge the batteries according to the instructions provided in the 

user documentation for the camera. 

Note- Make sure you charge both camera batteries before leaving the office for a flight. Trimble 

recommends always having a spare,fully-charged battery on hand. 

Checking the camera 

1. Make sure there are no scratches on the camera lens. If the camera lens is damaged, contact 

your Trimble distributor. 

2. Your camera arrives with the appropriate settings required to obtain good aerial images set by 

Trimble. However, before each flight, check the camera screen to make sure it displays the 

following icons. 

For more information, refer to the section for your camera below: 

• Sony a5100, page 56 

• Sony NEX-5, page 58 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 55 
3 Preparing Equipment 

Sony aSlOO 

Note - The following image shows the main icons to check on the camera screen to ensure that your 

camera settings are correct and you will successfully capture images during the flight. If any of these icons 

are not shown, or if you believe other camera settings have been changed, adjust the settings back to the 

settings recommended by Trimble. For a list of all applicable camera settings, see Camera settings, page 

108. 

D 

IB 24M FfNE 

50i liDJ 

•f&T 

m1oo% 

0 

Shoot mode is set to shutter priority. 

SD card is inserted. 

Aspect ratio is set to 3:2; image size is set to 24M; image 

quality is set to Fine (all are default settings). 

Recording mode of movies is set to SOi FH. 

Steady shot is set to Off. 

Battery icon shows 100"~. 

Drive mode is set to Single Shooting. 

Metering mode is set to Multi (the default). 

Focus area is set to Center. 

Focus mode is set to Manual. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 56 
3 Preparing Equipment 

AWB 

1/1000 

IH:t:O.O 

ISO AUTO 

Face detection is set to Off. 

White balance is set to AWB (the default). 

For the NIR camera, use custom brightness/color 

settings. See Setting brightness/color settings for the 

NIR camera, page 57. 

Soft skin detection is set to Off (the default). 

Brightness correction is set to automatic (the default). 

Creative style is set to Standard (the default). 

Picture effect is set to Off (the default). 

Shutter speed is set to 1/1000 or above. 

±0.0 

When using the NIR camera, exposure compensation is 

set to: 

+ 1.0 for the UV HAZE (orange) filter 

+ 2.0 for the NIR (black) filter 

ISO is set to Auto (the default). 

Setting brightnessjcolor settings for the NIR camera 

To obtain best results from the camera and selected filter, Trimble recommends setting the 

brightness/color settings as follows: 

1. On the camera, select Menu I~ I 5 I White Balance. Press the central button of the control 

wheel and then select Custom Setup. Press the central button of the control wheel to confirm. 

2. Outdoors, in normal daylight conditions, hold the filter you will use in front of the lens, while 

aiming the central circle of the lens at a (nearly) white surface, such as a wall or blank piece of 

paper. 

3. Press the central button of the control wheel. 

4. The color infra-red (CIR) display on the camera appears. When using the: 

• UV haze (orange) filter: vegetation appears blue and the sky appears brown. 

• NIR-only (black) filter: vegetation appears white or slightly blue-grey and everything else 

appears grey to black. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 57 
3 Preparing Equipment 

Sony NEX-5 

Note- The following image shows the main icons to check on the camera screen to ensure that your 

camera settings are correct and you will successfully capture images during the flight. If any of these icons 

are not shown, or if you believe other camera settings have been changed, adjust the settings back to the 

settings recommended by Trimble. For a list of all applicable camera settings, see Camera settings, page 

108. 

Sand Tv 

0 

&116M FINE 

25p lml 

••Br=F 

(@1100% 

i 

Shoot mode is set to shutter priority. 

SD card is inserted. 

Aspect ratio is set to 3:2; image size is set to 16M; image 

quality is set to Fine (all are default settings). 

Recording mode of movies is set to 25p 17m FH. 

Steady shot is set to Off. 

Battery icon shows 1000...6. 

Touch operation is set to Off. 

Drive mode icon is shown. The drive mode is set to use 

the Wireless Remote Commander. 

Metering mode is set to Multi (the default). 

Focus mode is set to Manual. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 58 
3 Preparing Equipment 

AWB 

'= 

lib 

rna;t 

! 

f4FF 

~OFF 

1/1000 

!B::tO.O 

ISO AUTO 

Face detection is set to Off. 

White balance is set to AWB (the default). 

For the NIR camera, use custom brightness/color 

settings. See Setting brightness/color settings for the 

NIR camera, page 57. 

Soft skin detection is set to Off (the default). 

Brightness correction is set to automatic (the default). 

Creative style is set to Standard (the default). 

Auto portrait framing is set to Off. 

Smile detection is set to Off (the default). 

Picture effect is set to Off (the default). 

Shutter speed is set to 1/1000 or above. 

±0.0 

When using the NIR camera, exposure compensation is 

set to: 

+ 1.0 for the UV HAZE (orange} filter 

+ 2.0 for the NIR (black) filter 

ISO is set to Auto (the default). 

Setting brightness/color settings for the NIR camera 

To obtain best results from the camera and selected filter, Trimble recommends setting the 

brightness/color settings as follows: 

1. On the camera, select Menu I Brightness/Color I White Balance and then select Custom Setup. 

Press the central button to confirm. 

2. Outdoors, in normal daylight conditions, hold the filter you will use in front ofthe lens, while 

aiming the central circle of the lens at a (nearly) white surface, such as a wall or blank piece of 

paper. 

3. Press the shutter button. 

4. The color infra-red (CI R) display on the camera appears. When using the: 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 59 
3 Preparing Equipment 

• UV haze (orange) filter: vegetation appears blue and the sky appears brown. 

• NIR-only (black) filter: vegetation appears white or slightly blue-grey and everything else 

appears grey to black. 

Pairing the transmitter with the tracking receiver 

Note- You must complete this step only once, before using the UX5 aerial imaging rover for the first 

time. 

To track down the UXS aerial imaging rover fitted with a transmitter, the transmitter ID must first be 

stored in the memory of the receiver. 

1. Press and hold the Power key for three seconds to turn on the receiver. 

2. Press the MENU/OK key to enter the menu. 

3. Use the navigation keys to select TRANSMITTER. Press the MENU/OK key to confirm. 

4. Use the navigation keys to select ADD. Press the MENU/OK key to confirm. 

5. Use the navigation keys to enter the missing digits of the frequency of the transmitter. Confirm 

each digit using the MENU/OK key. 

6. Follow the steps on the screen of the receiver to calibrate the transmitter. 

7. Once the calibration is done, you are prompted to enter a name for the transmitter. 

8. Use the navigation keys to enter the name you want to use for the transmitter. Confirm each 

letter using the MENU/OK key. 

The receiver is now able to communicate with the transmitter. 

Locating your equipment 

Before you head out to the field: 

1. Make sure the flight case contains all of the required items. For more information, see Flight 

case contents, page 11. 

2. If you will be doing several flights before returning to the office, make sure you have one of the 

following: 

• an external storage device such as a laptop for transferring images to after each flight 

• a USB to SD card reader for transferring images to the Tablet after each flight 

• an SD card for each flight 

Note- Trimble recommends using a San Disk Extreme SDHC UH5-I card with a write speed of 

45MB/sand a minimum capacity of 16GB. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 60 
3 Preparing Equipment 

3. Make sure the launcher bag contains the 

following items: 

• safety pin 

• launch dock with lock pin 

• V-support 

• crank 

9 launch slide with elastics 

• Trimble UXS Launcher Quick Start 

Guide 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 61 
Completing a Flight 

• Importing the project 

• Validating the blocks 

• Validating the flights 

• Dealing with sudden weather changes 

• Completing the flight checklist 

• Monitoring the flight 

• Landing the UXS 

• Completing the post-flight checklist 

• Disassembling the launcher 

CHAPTER 4 

This chapter describes the tasks required in the 

field to complete a successful flight with good 

image data. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 62 
4 Completing a Flight 

Importing the project 

Note- This step is required if you did the project planning in the Aerial Imaging Desktop software and 

then exported the project so that you can view it on the Tablet. 

1. In the Home screen or the Projects screen, tap tj, 

2. Navigate to the location of the .gwt file you exported from the Aerial Imaging Desktop software 

(see Exporting the project, page 43), select it and then tap Open. 

The project you imported is listed in the Projects screen and the project thumbnail appears. 

3. Select the project and then click 6 to open the project and view the Map layers screen. 

Validating the blocks 

Tap the Blocks tab and make any changes to the blocks, if required. Pay special attention to the 

actual wind direction, which will influence the wind direction you have set in the software and 

possibly the flight time. For more information, see Defining the blocks, page 30. 

Note- To change the mission area, tap the Map layers tab and edit the appropriate area. For more 

information, see Creating the mission, page 27. When you edit the mission area, the block(s) 

automatically adjust to the new area shape. 

Validating the flights 

1. When you arrive on-site, examine the flight area to: 

• Check for obstacles in the flight area. Obstacles are objects such as trees, buildings, 

antennas, power lines, and water that the UXS could fly into or land on. 

• Make sure you will be able to maintain a visual line of sight to the UXS throughout the 

flight. 

• Identify a good takeoff and landing location. 

• Check the landing surface and obstacle clearances to make sure the most suitable landing 

type is selected. 

For more information, see Obstacle clearances, page 33. 

Repeat for each location that you consider as an alternative landing location. 

Note - If you choose to check alternative landing locations during flight, be aware that this takes 

more time and keeps your attention from the flight. 

2. Tap the Flight tab and make any changes to the flights, if required. For more information, see 

Defining the flights, page 37. 

3. Make sure that the selected takeoff and landing locations are fixed to GPS. To fix the location, 

physically go to the location, tap ~ beside Takeoff or Landing and then click @in thetoolbar. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 63 
4 Completing a Flight 

Repeat for each landing location that you consider as an alternative location. 

Note - If you choose to check alternative landing locations during flight, be aware that this takes 

more time and keeps your attention from the flight. 

4. In the Flights screen, select the flight you will complete and then tap the Flight checklist tab. 

Dealing with sudden weather changes 

On the day ofthe flight, check that the current weather conditions are suitable for flight. Pay 

particular attention to the prevailing wind direction and speed. 

If there are sudden weather changes before or during the flight, you must act quickly. Different 

weather changes and the recommended action are described below. 

The wind direction changes before the flight. 

The wind direction changes during the flight. 

One of the following weather phenomena 

occurs before or during the flight: 

• Strong wind 

• Heavy rain, hail 

• Hurricane, tornado, or any kind of 

whirlwind 

• Thunder and lightening 

• Snow 

If possible, change the wind direction in the 

Blocks tab to align the flight lines perpendicular 

to the wind direction. 

Reposition the launcher and then update the 

takeoff and landing heading in the flight plan. 

Change the landing heading in flight or select an 

alternative landing location, if it is more suited. 

See Changing the landing parameters during 

flight, page 80. 

Cancel the flight. If the UXS is in the air, land as 

quickly as possible. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 64 
4 Completing a Flight 

Completing the flight checklist 

The flight checklist starts with an overview of the flight that you have selected and will execute. 

Use each step of the flight checklist to prepare the equipment for flight. The flight checklist guides 

you through each step. 

Note -More information about the steps that require special care is given in the following sections. Read 

these sections carefully until you are familiar with all of the tasks required to perform these steps. 

• Connecting the GCS, page 65 

• Connecting the battery, page 66 

• Preparing the camera, page 66 

• Inserting the tracker transmitter, page 68 

• Attaching the top cover, page 68 

• Covering the pitot tube, page 68 

• Checking the elevon trim, page 69 

• Checking the elevon response, page 69 

• Assembling the launcher 

• Placing the UXS onto the launcher, page 73 

• Transmitting thefllght plan, page 73 

• Initializing, page 74 

• Removing the pitot cover, page 74 

• Checking the airspeed response, page 74 

• Positioning the propellers, page 74 

• Tightening the launcher cord elastics, page 74 

• Verifying the position of the aircraft on the launcher 

• Removing the safety pin 

• Arming the system, page 76 

• Launching the UX5, page 77 

Connecting the GCS 

If you have not yet connected the GCS: 

1. Attach the antenna to the modem. 

2. Attach the modem and antenna to the back of the Tablet, under the handstrap. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 65 
4 Completing a Flight 

3. Insert the modem cable into the USB port on the Tablet. 

4. Tap) to prompt the software to check if the modem is connected. 

When the connection to the modem is established, the software automatically moves to the next 

step in the flight checklist. 

Connecting the battery 

If you have not yet connected the battery: 

1. Insert a fully charged battery into the battery compartment of the unmanned aircraft. Secure 

the battery using the Velcro straps. 

2. Connect the main power connector on the battery to the power connector in the aircraft. Once 

the battery is connected, the eBox goes from Off mode to On mode (see eBox LED status, page 

104). 

When the eBox starts booting up, the) button is enabled. 

Note -If after this step you are prompted to update the eBoxfirmware, see Updating the ~Box 

firmware, page 16. 

Preparing the camera 

1. Using first the wet camera wipes and then the dry camera wipes, thoroughly clean the camera 

lens. Make sure there are no specks of moisture or dust, as these will affect the image quality. 

Note- Only use wipes that are specifically intended for cleaning camera lenses. 

2. Make sure the camera filter in the UXS body is also clean and that the camera filter is tightly 

screwed into the body. If not, gently tighten it, taking care not to over-tighten it. 

3. Insert an empty SD card into the camera. 

4. Turn on the camera and check the camera screen to make sure it displays the icons described in 

Checking the camera, page 55. 

5. Make sure the lens settings are appropriate for the weather conditions: 

Auto Auto Auto 

f/4.5 f/4.5 

1/2000 to 1/4000 1/1000to 1/2000 1/1600to 1/2000 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 66 
4 Completing a Flight 

The focus ring should always be set to 3+ m. 

This is set and calibrated by the manufacturer and must not change. For your 

reference, this position corresponds with the white dot appearing below the 

right edge of the red 0 in the 10ft mark. 

Note- Always take a picture before the flight to ensure that the picture is not over- or 

underexposed. If the picture does not look right, adjust the shutter speed first and then the aperture 

setting. 

6. If you are using the: 

Sony a5100 camera 

a. Insert the adapter piece into the camera cavity of the payload bay of the UXS body. 

b. Use the USB cable to connect the camera to the connector from the eBox. 

c. Insert the camera into the camera cavity of the payload bay and secure it using the Velcro 

strap. 

Sony NEXS camera 

a. Insert the two adapter pieces into the camera cavity of the payload bay of the UXS body. 

b. Connect theIR LED cable to the connector from the eBox. 

c. Insert the camera into the camera cavity of the payload bay and secure it using the Velcro 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 67 
4 Completing a Flight 

strap. 

Note- After inserting and securing the camera, check the shutter speed as the settings control 

might have spun and changed the setting. 

7. In the Aerial Imaging software, tap I!I§l. Make sure that you hear the trigger sound from the 

camera. 

When the test picture is taken, the) button is enabied. 

Inserting the tracker transmitter 

1. Turn on the tracker transmitter. 

2. Make sure that you can hear the transmitter using the tracker receiver. 

3. Insert the tracker transmitter into the body of the unmanned aircraft. 

Attaching the top cover 

Attach the top cover to the unmanned aircraft and make sure it is secure. 

Covering the pitot tube 

Put the pitot tube cover on the pitot tube. Check the value in the black arrow at the left of the 

artificial horizon in the status panel of the Aerial Imaging software and make sure the current 

airspeed is below 20 kph (12.4 mph). 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 68 
4 Completing a Flight 

Checking the elevon trim 

Make sure that the outboard elevons are leveled with the inboard elevons (the inboard elevons are 

fixed). The accuracy should be about 1 mm . 

.& WARNING -When handling the UXS, make sure that the elevons can move freely and are not obstructed in any 

way. Impaired movement of the elevons can cause the servo motor to bum up. 

Checking the elevon response 

Tap the Move/Stop elevon button in the Aerial Imaging software and watch the elevens on the 

unmanned aircraft. Make sure the elevens move in response to the button commands . 

.& WARNING -When handling the UXS, make sure that the elevons can move freely and are not obstructed in any 

way. Impaired movement of the elevons can cause the servo motor to bum up. 

When the elevon response is checked, the) button is enabled. 

Assembling the launcher 

1. Unfold the launch slide. 

& CAUTION- Take care when unfolding the launch slide as there are sharp edges that can cause finger cuts. 

2. Secure each section of the launch slide by lifting the appropriate handle and hooking it into the 

next section of the launch slide. Close the handles. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 69 
4 Completing a Flight 

3. Unfold and secure the V-support with the lock pin. 

To attach the V-support to the launch slide, make sure the knob is pointing to the left and then 

insert the V-support pins in the reserved holes, situated approximately 2/3 of the length of the 

launch slide. Turn the knob to the right to tighten. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 70 
4 Completing a Flight 

4. Pull the ends of the launcher cord out of the launch slide so that the cord lies on top of the 

launch slide. 

Note- If the launcher cord is blocked while the elastics are not tightened, pull the release handles 

upward to unblock them. 

CAUTION- Never push the release handles when there is tension on the launcher cord. You will damage 

the elastics. If there is tension on the cord, insert the crank onto the nut located toward the front end of the 

launcher and use the crank to very gently release the force. At the same time, pull the release handles 

gently upward. This is safest done with two people, with one person carefully winding the crank counterclockwise to counteract the force on the elastics. 

I 

? 

5. Position the launch dock on the end of the launch slide with the tabs on the launch dock 

pointing toward the direction of launch. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 71 
4 Completing a Flight 

6. Slide the launch dock over the ends of the launcher cord. 

7. To attach the ends of the launcher cord to the launch dock, remove the lock pin from the 

launch dock and then slide the lock pin through the holes in the launch dock, attaching the 

ends of the launch cord as you do so. Secure the lock pin. 

8. Slide the launch dock over the launch hook at the beginning of the launch slide, making sure 

the launch dock clicks into position. Make sure the trigger is not blocked. 

9. Insert the safety pin into the launch dock. 

WARNING- Always keep the safety pin inserted in the launch dock. Remove the safety pin only just before 

launch. Early removal of the launch pin can result in accidental release of the launcher, causing serious 

personal injury and damage to the UXS or launcher. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 72 
4 Completing a Flight 

CAUTION- Never launch without the UXS sitting on the dock as it will damage the launch dock. The design 

of the launcher takes into account the weight of the UXS sitting on the launch dock. 

10. Position the launcher at the planned takeoff location, with the launch direction pointing into 

the takeoff direction you have indicated in the software. 

11. Make sure the takeoff location is free of obstacles. For more information, see Obstacle 

clearances, page 33. 

Placing the UXS onto the launcher 

1. Position the UXS at the front of the launch dock and use your fingertips to guide the launcher 

slats on the underside of the UXS onto the lips of the launch dock. 

2. Use the artificial horizon indicator in the Aerial Imaging software to check the pitch and roll of 

the UXS on the launch dock. The pitch angle should be between 20" and 30" and the roll angle 

should be between -s• and s·. The horizon should be positioned parallel to the UXS on the 

artificial horizon indicator. If you need to adjust the horizon, reposition the launcher. 

Transmitting the flight plan 

This step appears only if the software is still transmitting the flight plan to the eBox. If transmission 

of the flight plan is already complete, this step does not appear. The) button is available once flight 

plan transmission is complete. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 73 
4 Completing a Flight 

Initializing 

At this step in the flight checklist, the eBox initializes. It must acquire lock on at least 4 usable GPS 

satellites. The GPS receiver in the eBox determines the usability of the satellites, based on the 

characteristics of each satellite. 

Removing the pitot cover 

Remove the cover from the pitot tube. 

Checking the airspeed response 

Press and hold the pitot tube for no more than 5 seconds. Make sure that the value in the black 

arrow at the left ofthe artificial horizon in the status panel of the Aerial Imaging software changes. 

Positioning the propellers 

1. Check the position of the propellers on the unmanned aircraft and make sure they are pointing 

backward as shown in the Aerial Imaging software. 

2. If the propellers are not positioned correctly, carefully adjust them. 

WARNING -Always take care when touching the propeller blades. If the unmanned aircraft receives a sudden 

shock while armed, the motor can unexpectedly start causing the propeller blades to move. Contact with moving 

propeller blades can result in serious personal injury. 

Tightening the launcher cord elastics 

1. Insert the crank onto the nut located toward the front end of the launch slide. 

2. Stretch the launcher cord using the crank. In normal circumstances, the node between the cord 

and elastic should be in the middle of the hole numbered "4" on the launcher. 

I 

? 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 74 
4 Completing a Flight 

CAUTION- The launcher cord stretches with every launch. When you can easily reach the last hole when 

tightening the cord, replace the launcher cord to prevent unsuccessful launches and damage to the launcher 

or the UXS. For more information, click~ in the Home screen, select Launcher in the list to the right and 

then select Replacing the launcher cord or refer to the Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution Maintenance 

Guide. 

3. Remove the crank. 

Verifying the position of the aircraft on the launcher 

& WARNING -Take care to ensure the UXS is correctly positioned on the launch dock. An incorrect position can 

result in launch failure, causing serious personal injury and damage to the rover or launcher. 

Removing the safety pin 

To remove the safety pin, position yourself behind the launcher, reach carefully under the UXS and 

then pull out the safety pin. 

WARNING -Always take care to avoid contact with the propeller blades. If the UXS receives a sudden shock 

while armed, the motor can unexpectedly start causing the propeller blades to move. Contact with moving 

propeller blades can result in serious personal injury. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 75 
4 Completing a Flight 

Arming the system 

This step of the flight checklist shows a summary of the system status. If there is an issue with any of 

the launch values, then the value is shown in red. 

Arm the 

system 

Cnodoho 

launch values. If a~ -._.rak!es a;e 

OK,. Jm<the 

s·rstem 

-

To arm the system, tap Arm. 

A warning message appears if: 

-e-Box statu;: 

Ndrnber of GPS satallttes· 

Batten; ie\t~: 

Launc:h angle pF;ch 

Launch angle roi: 

Thk<off s•nror: 

Log enabierl: 

GCS iornion ft.:ed; 

X 

~iii!) 

100% 

- OK 

11 

lll!l% 

20' 

·2' 

OK 

OK 

OK 

I 

,-t~ ... 

I 

• "''! (ri! 

.. , ® . 

• the UXS battery life is less than 75%. If the battery level is low, the battery level line is red. 

• the Tablet battery life is less than 90 minutes. 

• the number of satellites is between 4 and 8. 

The system will not allow you to launch the UXS ifthe following errors are reported: 

• The eBox is not in the correct state. 

• GPS signal is not OK. 

• Takeoff sensor is not OK (this means that the yaw, pitch, and roll values are not yet stabilized). 

• Datalogging has not started. 

• The GCS has no GPS connection. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 76 
4 Completing a Flight 

Launching the UXS 

Once you have armed the system, the software prompts you to launch the aircraft. 

1. Just before launch, perform the following safety checks: 

a. Make sure there are no aerial objects inside the zone of operation. 

b. Make sure you have a clear line of sight to the UXS. 

c. Make sure there are no obstacles or people near the front of the launcher. 

& WARNING- Make sure you complete each of the safety checks listed at this step. Failure to do so could 

result in serious personal injury and damage to the UXS or launcher. 

2. When you have made sure that everything is clear in front of, above, and behind the launcher, 

stand behind the launcher and press the launch handle to launch the UXS. 

& CAUTION -Never launch without the UXS sitting on the dock as it will damage the launch dock. The design 

of the launcher takes into account the weight of the UXS sitting on the launch dock. 

3. 1/ an obstacle such as a person or animal suddenly appears in the obstacle clearance zone 

during takeoff, tap® in the Aerial Imaging softv.rare. The UXS immediately pov;ers down and 

returns to the ground. For more information, see Emergency software commands, page 83. 

After launch, the UXS flies to the first waypoint, which is highlighted on the map in the 

Dashboard tab. If the UXS is not yet at the flight height when it reaches this point, it climbs in 

circles of 100m radius until it reaches the desired height. 

4. After launch, release the tension on the launcher cord elastics. Leaving tension on the launcher 

cord elastics for extended periods can damage the elastics. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 77 
4 Completing a Flight 

To release the tension, release the force with the crank very gently while pulling the release 

handles in the front of the launcher upward. This is safest done with two people, with one 

person carefully winding the crank counter-clockwise to counteract the force on the elastics. 

I 

C...· 

Monitoring the flight 

CAUTION - It is your responsibility to take action during flight when the safety of the UXS aerial imaging rover or 

its surroundings is compromised. To do this you must: 

- Have visual contact with the unmanned aircraft at all times. 

- Observe the zone of operation for the unmanned aircraft and look out for other aerial objects. 

- Ensure obstacle clearance. 

- Keep an eye on changing weather conditions. 

-Locate the unmanned aircraft on the Tablet screen. 

- Monitor the flight telemetry on the Tablet screen. 

For information on the appropriate action to take if you see an oncoming aerial object at any point 

during the flight, see Handling emergencies during flight, page 81. 

After takeoff, the UXS aerial imaging rover climbs to the specified cruise height. 

Once the unmanned aircraft has passed its first waypoint, the second waypoint is initiated. From 

this point, the unmanned aircraft follows the preprogrammed flight path. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 78 
4 Completing a Flight 

The Dashboard tab with an example flight is shown below: 

.(·;::;, 

'•-. .LI. 0 

Height 

lT< 

@ 

® 

You must use the Aerial Imaging software on the Tablet to monitor the unmanned aircraft during 

the entire flight: 

• The trajectory of the unmanned aircraft on the map must be close to the programmed flight 

path. 

• Monitor the strength of the communication link etiD. 

• Monitor the number of usable satellites ~. 

• No signal: No GPS lock (o-3 satellites) 

• 1 signal line: 4-6 satellites 

• 2 signal lines: 7 or more satellites 

• Monitor the level of power in the UXS battery. In the battery status bar !iii), the value is 

expressed as a percentage and as time remaining in minutes. 

• Compare the actual flight height with the desired flight height set during mission and flight 

planning . 

• Compare the actual airspeed with the desired airspeed, which is 80 kph (49 mph) during cruise 

flight. The actual airspeed can be higher than the desired speed when the UXS is coping with a 

high head wind. The maximum airspeed is 90 kph (56 mph). 

• Monitor the throttle. The throttle should be around 30% during cruise flight in normal 

conditions. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 79 
4 Completing a Flight 

• Monitor the software for in-flight warnings and errors such as loss of GPS lock and loss of 

communication link. For more information on these warnings and the appropriate action to 

take, see Failsafes during flight, page SO and Errors and warnings, page 97. 

• Monitor the number of flight lines flown against the total number of flight lines (displayed in 

the status line below the map). 

The Dashboard tab with an example flight is shown below: 

Changing the landing parameters during flight 

If conditions change during the flight, it may be advisable to alter the landing parameters set in the 

flight plan while the UXS is still in flight. 

Note - Once you confirm the landing, you cannot change the landing parameters. 

To change the landing parameters: 

1. Select the Flights tab. The Flights tab appears to the left of the Dashboard tab. 

2. Tap ~ beside Landing. 

3. Depending on the situation, do one of the following: 

• If the wind direction has changed and the landing clearances are not jeopardized, rotate 

the landing heading of the current landing accordingly. 

• If there is a sudden obstacle in the clearance zone of the current landing and you have 

defined an alternative landing location that is clear from obstacles, tap the landing pin 0 

on the map or use the drop-clown menu in the Landing properties to select this location. 

Adapt the landing heading according to the actual wind direction. 

Note- For the current and any alternative landing setup, it is possible to change any other 

parameters. However, this requires more effort and time which }'OU may not have. Make sure that if 

you change the landing location, the location is GPSfixed. 

For more information, see Setting the landing properties, page 39. 

Failsafes during flight 

The following failsafe mechanisms activate when a technical issue occurs that reduces the safe 

behavior of the unmanned aircraft: 

• Loss of GPS lock during flight 

• Loss of communication link during flight 

• Overspeed protection 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 80 
4 Completing a Flight 

Loss of GPS lock during flight 

If the unmanned aircraft does not receive GPS communications for a period of 4 seconds, then a 

notification appears on the Tablet, and the following automatic failsafe mechanism is activated: 

1. The unmanned aircraft banks at an angle of 25• while orbiting at its current location for 20 

seconds. If the unmanned aircraft successfully reacquires GPS lock, then it flies to the specified 

landing location and begins a normal landing sequence. 

2. If the unmanned aircraft is unable to reacquire GPS lock, then it activates the Flight Termination 

System (FTS). During FTS: 

a. The motor powers down and the speed lowers to 70 kph (43 mph). 

b. The unmanned aircraft orbits down in 200m (656ft) diameter circles until it reaches a 

height of 7 m (23 ft). 

Note- During FTS without GPS lock, the unmanned aircraft attempts to circle but the outcome 

is elliptical circles as the unmanned aircraft is subject to wind drift. 

c. The unmanned aircraft levels its wings, slows, and glides to the ground. 

Loss of communication link during flight 

If the unmanned aircraft does not receive a communication packet for the time specified in the 

Communication timeout field in the Autopilot settings group of the Settings screen, or if the 

communication link is poor and communication packets are being received intermittently, then a 

notification appears on the Tablet and the unmanned aircraft flies to the specified landing location 

and begins a normal landing sequence. 

Unlike a normal landing, you are not prompted to confirm landing before the final leg ofthe landing. 

An audible sound indicates that the UXS is about to land. 

If communication resumes during this automatic failsafe mechanism, the unmanned aircraft 

continues the landing sequence. 

Overspeed protection 

If the unmanned aircraft detects a steep and fast decline, it will maximize drag to minimize the 

impact on the ground. The aircraft will descend in a "flat-spin"-like flight trajectory. 

Handling emergencies during flight 

This topic describes typical emergency scenarios that may occur when the UXS is in flight. For all 

scenarios, you must assess the situation before taking action. Take into account your location (that 

is, the location ofthe GCS) and the current location, course, and speed of the UXS. 

Note- 1/ the situation is too critical (for examp/e,/ast moving aircraft) tap® and when prompted 

confirm Flight Termination System (FTS) activation to immediately abort the flight and put the UXS in 

an orbit toward the ground. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 81 
4 Completing a Flight 

An approaching aircraft 

The most common emergencies involve another aircraft entering the vicinity at approximately the 

same height as the UXS. 

The approaching aircraft 1. Assess the situation. Tap X in the message 

will not cross the flight 2. Tap®, .1., 0, or0tc move the box on the map to cancel path of the UXS. the pattern and continue UXS to a safe position. mapping. 

The flight path of the 1. Assess the situation. Tap X in the message 

approaching aircraft and 

Tap 0 to move the UXS to a safe box on the map to cancel 

the UXS are converging. 2. 

position. the pattern and continue 

mapping. 

The flight path of the 1. Assess the situation. Tap X in the message 

approaching aircraft is 

Tap®, 0, or 0 to move the UXS box on the map to cancel diverging from the flight 2. 

path of the UXS. to a safe position. the pattern and continue 

mapping. 

The flight path of the 1. Assess the situation. Tap X in the message 

approaching aircraft is 

Tap 0 to move the UXS to a safe box on the map to cancel intercepting the flight 2. 

path of the UXS. position. (An aircraft intending to the pattern and continue 

overtake an aircraft in front of them mapping. 

overtakes that plane on the right 

side.) 

The approaching aircraft 1. Assess the situation. Tap X in the message 

is approaching the UXS 

Tap 0 to move the UXS to a safe box on the map to cancel head-on. 2. 

position. the pattern and continue 

mapping. 

The approaching aircraft A landing aircraft has priority over an UXS Tap X in the message 

intends to land. at all times. Never assume that the 

box on the map to cancel aircraft has noticed the UXS. Take the 

necessary safety measures depending on the pattern and continue 

the situation. mapping. 

Occasionally other objects such as birds enter the zone of operation. Assess the situation and try to 

avoid collisions using the methods described above. If a collision does occur, immediately tap® in 

the Aerial Imaging software and if prompted, confirm FTS activation to abort the flight. Once the 

UXS has landed, carefully check equipment for damage. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 82 
4 Completing a Flight 

Other types of emergency 

In case of other types of emergency, take the recommended action. 

Engine failure is rare but may occur. 

The following parameters in the Aerial 

Imaging software indicate engine 

failure: 

• Altimeter decreases 

• Battery voltage increases 

• Throttle percentage increases 

until100% 

1. Assess the situation. 

2. Tap ®to immediately terminate the flight. 

If no button is tapped, the UXS glides downward, 

following the flight plan. 

Aerial Imaging software freezes or Immediately restart the software. If you are unable to 

crashes on the GCS when the UXS is in restart the software, restart the GCS and then restart the 

the air. Aerial Imaging software. 

After restarting the software: 

1. Go to the Projects screen and open the project for 

the flight in progress. 

2. In the Flights tab, select the flight in progress. 

3. Select the Flight checklist tab. 

When connecting to the autopilot, a messages asks if 

the aircraft is already in the air. 

4. Tap V to confirm. 

The Aerial Imaging software downloads the existing 

flight plan from the eBox and enables you to 

continue the flight. 

Emergency software commands 

The Dashboard tab of the Aerial Imaging software provides several buttons that enable you to 

manually interrupt the pre-programmed flight plan while the unmanned aircraft is in the air. Use 

these commands to take evasive action if required. 

Note- Tapping any button in this screen overrides any previous command. 

Note- The only button available when the UXS is below 50 m (164ft) during takeoff is®. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 83 
4 Completing a Flight 

Land 

Use the@ button when the flight must be terminated and there is time and space for a 

pre-pianned ianding. 

When you tap®, the unmanned aircraft immediately terminates its flight plan and initiates a 

normal landing sequence. It flies at the current flight height to the entry point which is located 300 

m (984ft) from the landing location. It starts circling downward in 200m (656ft) diameter circles 

until it reaches a height of75 m (246ft). 

To release the Land command, tap X in the message box on the map. The unmanned aircraft 

returns to the start of the flight line it was on when the flight plan was interrupted, and resumes 

mapping when it reaches the point that mapping paused. 

To complete the landing, tap V in the message box on the map. The unmanned aircraft finishes its 

current circle until it reaches the point where it first started circling and then it starts the final leg of 

the landing. 

Fly to 

Use the 0 button to move the unmanned aircraft from its current position to a location you 

choose. 

To enable the 0 button, tap the location on the map that you want the unmanned aircraft to 

move to. When you tap 0, the unmanned aircraft flies to the specified location and then orbits 

there at the cruise flight height in 200m (656ft) diameter circles. Mapping is paused. 

When in the Fly to pattern, you can adjust the unmanned aircraft's height by 10m (32ft) up or 

down, if required. The software does not allow the height to be set lower than 75 m (246ft) or higher 

than 750 m (2460 ft). 

To release the Fly to command, tap X in the message box on the map. The unmanned aircraft 

returns to the height it was at before the Fly to pattern began. It flies to the previous way point and 

resumes mapping when it reaches the point that mapping paused. 

Note - if you tap the map again while the unmanned aircraft is in the Fly to pattern, tap V in the 

message box on the map to fly to the new location on the map. 

Hold 

Use the@ button when another aircraft in the vicinity is observed. 

When you tap®, the unmanned aircraft begins orbiting its current location at the current flight 

height in 200m (656ft) diameter circles. Mapping is paused. 

When in the Hold pattern, you can adjust the unmanned aircraft's height by 10m (32ft) up or 

down, if required. The software does not allow the height to be set lower than 75 m (246ft} or higher 

than 750 m (2460 ft}. 

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4 Completing a Flight 

To release the Hold command, tap X in the message box on the map. The unmanned aircraft 

returns to the height it was at before the Hold pattern began. It flies to the previous waypoint and 

resumes mapping when it reaches the point that mapping paused. 

Here 

.... 

0 

Use theW button when the unmanned aircraft must be removed from the general area of 

mapping and you want to have it within close sight. 

5 

When you tap W, the unmanned aircraft immediately flies to the location of the ground control 

station (GCS) or the last known location and orbits there at the cruise flight height in 200m (656ft) 

diameter circles. Mapping is paused. 

When in the Here pattern, you can adjust the unmanned aircraft's height by 10m (32ft) up or 

down, if required. The software does not allow the height to be set lower than 75 m (246ft) or higher 

than 750 m (2460 ft). 

To reiease the Here command, tap X in the message box on the map. The unmanned aircraft 

returns to the height it was at before the Here pattern began. It flies to the previous waypoint and 

resumes mapping when it reaches the point that mapping paused. 

Right 

Use the 0 button when you want to move the unmanned aircraft away from its current position 

but have it close to its current location. 

When you tap 0, the unmanned aircraft flies 300m (984ft) to the right ofthe current heading and 

then orbits there at the cruise flight height in 200m (656ft) diameter circles. Mapping is paused. 

When in the Right pattern, you can adjust the unmanned aircraft's height by 10m (32ft) up or 

down, if required. The software does not allow the height to be set lower than 75 m (246ft) or higher 

than 750 m (2460ft}. 

To release the Right command, tap X in the message box on the map. The unmanned aircraft 

returns to the height it was at before the Right pattern began. It flies to the previous waypoint and 

resumes mapping when it reaches the point that mapping paused. 

F

.,.,. 

I;) 

Activate the Flight Termination System (FTS) when the UX5 must be removed from the air as quickly 

as possible. The® button can be used during takeoff, cruise flight, and landing. 

To activate theFTS, tap® and if prompted, confirm FTS activation in the message box on the map. 

Note - If you do not tap V in the message box, the UX5 continues the flight. 

Note- Confirmation is always required, except during takeoff when the UXS is still below 25m {82ft). 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 85 
4 Completing a Flight 

The unmanned aircraft immediately aborts the flight. During cruise flight, this involves: 

1. The motor powers down and the speed lowers to 70 kph (43 mph). 

2. The unmanned aircraft orbits down in 200m (656ft) diameter circles until it reaches a height of 

10m (33ft). 

3. The unmanned aircraft levels its wings, slows, and glides to the ground. 

If you activate FTS when the unmanned aircraft is at a height of less than 25m (82 ft)-that is, during 

takeoff or landing -then the unmanned aircraft slows to 60 kph (37 mph) and flies downward in a 

straight line at the current heading until it glides to the ground. 

Abort 

Note - The)/,/ button is available only during the final leg of the landing when the aircraft is more than 

15m (49ft) above ground. Make sure you consider the obstacle clearances for the Abort manoeuvre 

before you tap V. For more information, see Obstacle clearances for landing, page 35. 

Use the V button to abort the landing. 

When you tap V, the unmanned aircraft climbs to 75 m (246ft) in the direction of the landing 

heading and then turns to the landing entry point to start the landing circuit again. 

To land you must tap V in the message box on the map again. 

Dealing with a crash 

A crash is an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft in which: 

• a person is fatally or seriously injured 

• the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure 

• the aircraft is missing or completely inaccessible 

Note -A landing on the intended landing site that causes damage to the aircraft due to the landing 

surface cannot be seen as a crash. 

1. If a crash occurs which causes injuries or death, you must: 

a. Contact the emergency services. 

b. Help where necessary, without risking your own life. 

c. Make a perimeter around the accident. Make sure no evidence disappears. 

d. Notify your civil aviation authority (CM). 

2. If a crash occurs which causes damage to another object: 

a. Contact the emergency services when necessary (for example, if gas, electricity, or water 

supplies are affected). 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 86 
4 Completing a Flight 

b. Contact the owners of the object that is hit. 

c. Notify your civil aviation authority. 

3. Take pictures of the crash site. Download the data files from the GCS and send all data and 

pictures to your Trimble distributor. 

Landing the UXS 

CAUTION -It is your responsibility to ensure the safety of the unmanned aircraft during landing. To do this you 

must: 

-Have visual contact with the unmanned aircraft at all times. 

-Observe the zone of operation for the unmanned aircraft and look out for other aerial objects. 

- Ensure obstacle clearance. 

- Lo.:ate the unmanned airuaft on the Tablet screen. 

WARNWG- Make sure there are no people or obstacles near the landing zone. Failure to do so could result in 

serious personal injury and damage to the rover. 

After passing the last waypoint on the scan lines, the UXS terminates its flight plan and initiates a 

normal landing sequence. It flies at cruise height to the entry point which is located 300m {984ft) 

from the landing location. It starts circling downward in 200m {656ft) diameter circles until it 

reaches a height of 75 m {246ft). It keeps circling in left or right circles, depending on the direction 

specified in the Aerial Imaging software, until you tap V in the message box on the map. 

To complete the landing, tap V in the message box on the map. The UXS finishes its current circle 

until it reaches the intersection with the landing direction and then it starts the final leg of the 

landing. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 87 
4 Completing a Flight 

The image below shows the linear landing circuit using a landing orientation set to right turns. 

Locating the UXS after landing 

If the UXS has landed somewhere in the field and you are not able to visually locate it, you can track 

it using the tracking system receiver. 

1. On the receiver, press and hold the On/Off key for three seconds to power on the receiver. 

2. Press the Menu/OK key to enter the menu. 

3. Select the transmitter you want to track down using the Scan key and then press the Menu/OK 

key to confirm. 

4. Fold out the four antennas on the receiver and then place the receiver on the palm of your 

hand, taking care not to touch any of the antennas. 

5. Increase the gain as much as possible using the Increase key. 

6. To pick up the first signal pulses, hold the receiver in front of you at high level and slowly turn 

360•, scanning the horizon with the antenna. 

Tip- Make sure the internal antenna is selected. The range of the receiver is wider if you track from an 

elevation. Always hold the receiver in front of you so that the receiver can distinguish between incoming 

signals from the front and the back. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 88 
4 Completing a Flight 

Each received signal pulse and its strength are shown on the transmitter bar/received signal 

strength indicator and indicated with an audible signal. 

7. Scan the area to determine the direction with the highest signal strength. If the signal strength 

is the same in all directions, reduce the gain using the Decrease key until the received signal 

strength is half the transmitter bar and then repeat the scan. 

8. Follow the determined direction. Repeat the scan at intervals to verify the direction you need 

to head in to locate the UXS. 

Note - If you experience difficulties finding the rover following one direction, try doing the scan from 

a different location and locating the cross-section between the new and previously found direction. 

For more information on using the tracker system, refer to the user documentation for the 

tracker transmitter and receiver. 

Completing the post-flight checklist 

~ 1. After the UXS has successfully landed, tap 0. 

2. A message warns that the UXS should be on the ground. Do one of the following: 

• If the UXS is not on the ground, tap X. You will return to the flight monitoring screen. 

• lfthe UXS is on the ground, tap V. The UXS goes into standby mode and the post-flight 

checklist appears. 

3. Remove the download port cap from the eBox and then attach the download cable to the eBox 

and the modem. 

4. Click). 

The software detects the cable connection and automatically starts downloading the log files 

from the eBox to theTa blet. 

Note -If there is an issue with the cable connection, the postJiight checklist returns to the previous 

screen. Detach and then reattach the cable and then click). 

5. When prompted, disconnect the download cable and then reattach the download port cap to 

theeBox. 

6. When prompted, remove the camera from the unmanned aircraft. Trimble recommends 

deleting the test images taken on the ground from the SD card. Verify that the number of 

images taken during the flight are equal to the amount of shutter commands recorded in the 

flight log. 

If you have not deleted the test images from the SD card, there will be a mismatch between the 

number of images and the number of shutter commands and you will need to correct this. For 

more information, see Exporting flight data for processing, page 94. 

Note- If you have images from more than one flight on the camera, you may need to remove the SD 

card from the camera, insert it into the Tablet, and then use Windows Explorer to navigate to the 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 89 
4 Completing a Flight 

correct folder on the 50 card to view the number of images taken for the flight. To do this you will 

need a USB to 50 card reader or an external storage device. For more information, see Locating 

your equipment, page 60. 

7. Tap Finish to close the post-flight checkiist and return to the Mission Planning screen. 

Disassembling the launcher 

For safe disassembly of the launcher, refer to the Trimble UXS Launcher Quick Start Guide. 

1. If you have not yet released the tension on the launcher cord, then do so now. 

To release the tension, release the force with the crank very gently while pulling the release 

handles in the front ofthe launcher upward. This is safest done with two people, with one 

person carefully winding the crank counter-clockwise to counteract the force on the elastics. 

I 

2. Remove the lock pin on the launch dock and detach the launcher cord. 

3. Using the crank, tighten the launcher cord so that most of the cord is in the launch slide but the 

end remains out. Remove the crank. 

4. Slide the launch dock off the front of the launch slide. 

5. To detach the V-support, turn the knob upward and then slide the pins out of the holes in the 

launch slide. Remove the lock pin on the V-support to fold the legs and then reinsert the lock 

pin. 

& CAUTION- Take care when folding the V-support legs not to jam or cut fingers. 

6. Open the handle fixes on the launch slide and fold the launch slide. 

7. Return the following items to the launcher bag: 

• safety pin 

• launch dock with lock pin 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 90 
4 Completing a Flight 

• V-support 

• crank 

• launch slide with elastics 

For more information, see Locating your equipment, page 60. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 91 
Analysis and Export 

• Transferring the images 

• Returning the project to the Aerial 

Imaging Desktop software 

• Exporting flight data for processing 

CHAPTER 5 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 92 
5 Analysis and Export 

Transferring the images 

Note -If you already transferred the images from the camera to an external storage device in the field, 

then transfer the images from that device to a location on the computer running the Aerial Imaging 

Desktop software, or to a network location. 

If you have not already transferred the images from the camera: 

1. When you return to the office, remove the SD card from the camera. 

2. Insert the SD card into an office computer and then transfer the images from the SD card to a 

location on the computer or a network location. 

3. Delete the images from the SD card. 

4. Replace the SD card in the camera. 

Note- Because the camera has no electronic communication with the external/ens, the image 

properties (exif data) show a 0 value for the properties linked to the lens. These properties are: F-stop, 

focal length and max. aperture. 

Returning the project to the Aerial Imaging Desktop 

software 

Although you can use the Aerial Imaging software on the Trimble Tablet to analyze and export the 

flight data for processing, it will typically be done in the office using the Aerial Imaging Desktop 

software. To be able to do this you must export the project from the Aerial Imaging software on the 

Tablet and import it to the Aerial Imaging Desktop software. 

To export the project from the Aerial Imaging software on the Tablet: 

1. In the Projects screen, select the project to export. 

2. Click ~ .... The Export wizard appears. 

3. Select the GWT format. Click Next. 

4. Navigate to the folder where you want to save the project. If the Tablet cannot access a 

network folder, then insert a USB stick and then navigate to a folder on the USB stick. 

5. Enter the file name and then click Save. 

The exported project is saved as a .gwt file in the folder you selected. 

6. Click Finish to close the Export wizard. 

To import the project to the Aerial Imaging Desktop software: 

1. Start the Aerial Imaging Desktop software. 

2. In theAeriallmaging Home screen or Projects screen, tap~. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 93 
5 Analysis and Export 

3. Navigate to the location of the .gwt file, select it and then tap Open. 

The project you imported is listed in the Projects screen and the project thumbnail appears. 

Exporting flight data for processing 

Note- You can export flight data from the Aerial Imaging Desktop software, or from the Aerial Imaging 

software on the Trimble Tablet, if you have copied the images to the Tablet. 

1. In the Projects screen, select the project to export flight data from. 

2. Click ~ ... The Export wizard appears. 

3. Select the format to export to: 

• To process the flight data using Trimble Business Center software, select the .jxl option . 

• To process the flight data using other processing software, select the .csv/.txt option. 

4. Click Next. 

5. Select the flight to export and then select the folder where you have stored the images for that 

flight. 

The summary at the bottom of the window shows you the number of camera triggers in the 

flight log file and the number of images in the selected image folder. 

If these numbers do not correspond, you have the option to correct it using the Aerial Imaging 

software. For each scan line the software matches the shutter commands with the number of 

images. 

Note- The files must be corrected before exporting to Trimble Business Center. 

Note -If there are more than three images missing or more than three additional images (excluding 

test images or images from another flight), Trimble recommends performing the flight again. 

If there are: 

• Too many images, the automatic correction will delete test images or images from a 

previous flight. In any other case where scan lines have more images than shutter 

commands, the extra images are dropped at the end of the scan line, regardless of where 

in the scan line the extra images occurred. 

• Not enough images, where scan lines have more shutter commands than images, the 

extra shutter commands are dropped at the end of the scan line, regardless of where in 

the scan line the extra shutter commands occurred. 

Note - If the missing images are not due to obvious reasons such as a depleted camera battery 

during flight, an SD card with incorrect specifications (see Locating your equipment, page 60), 

or incorrect camera settings, contact your Trimble distributor. 

A message appears, showing the correction results. 

6. Click Next. 

7. Enter a file name for the exported flight data and then click Save. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 94 
5 Analysis and Export 

By default the exported file is stored in the same folder as the images for the flight. This is 

required for processing .jxl files using Trimble Business Center. 

8. Click Finish to close the Export wizard. 

Trimble UX5 Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 95 
CHAPTER 6 

Troubleshooting 

• Errors and warnings 

• Landing issues 

• Aerial Imaging software issues 

• eBox LED status 

• Technical support 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 96 
6 Troubleshooting 

Errors and warnings 

This topic describes error messages or warnings that may appear. If the problem persists, contact 

your Trimble distributor. 

low battery level 

Pre-flight, before ARM 

Pre-flight, after ARM 

In-flight 

loss of GPS lock 

Pre-flight, before ARM 

Pre-flight, after ARM 

In-flight 

Replace the battery with a fully charged battery and then redo the 

flight checklist. 

1, Disarm the UXS via soft\Nare. lfthat does not work, disarm the 

UXS by pressing the Mode button once (one flash) taking care 

to avoid the propellers. 

2. Replace the battery with a fully charged battery and then redo 

the flight checklist. 

!fthe landing location is not too far from the location of the UXS and 

the battery level is not too low, tap the GJ button. Otherwise, tap 

thee8}button. 

You will not be able to ARM the UXS. 

1. Press the Mode button once (one flash) to restart the eBox. 

2. Redo the checklist. 

1. Disarm the UXS via software. If that does not work, disarm the 

UXS by pressing the Mode button once (one flash) taking care 

to avoid the propellers. 

2. Press the Mode button once (one flash) to restart the eBox. 

3. Redo the checklist. 

The automatic failsafe mechanism is activated. See Failsafes during 

flight, page SO. 

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6 Troubleshooting 

Communication loss 

Pre-flight, before ARM 

Pre-fiight, after ARM 

In-flight 

Camera errors 

The camera is taking a 

picture every 20 to 25 

seconds. 

eBox errors 

You will not be able to ARM the UXS. 

1. Press the Mode button once (one flash) to restart the eBox. 

2. Redo the checklist. 

1. Disarm the UXS via software. If that does not work, disarm the 

UXS by pressing the Mode button once (one flash) taking care 

to avoid the propellers. 

2. Press the Mode button once (one flash) to restart the eBox. 

3. Redo the checklist. 

The automatic failsafe mechanism is activated. See Fai!safes during 

flight, page 80. 

1. Abort the checklist. 

2. Disconnect the UXS battery. 

3. Restart the checklist. 

There are two types of eBox errors that can occur: 

• Autopilot errors 

• Miscellaneous eBox errors 

The appropriate action to take depends on the stage of the flight that the error occurs. For more 

information, see: 

• Taking action when an Autopilot error occurs, page 102 

• Taking action when an eBox error occurs, page 102 

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6 Troubleshooting 

Autopilot error message types 

The table below explains the types of autopilot error that can occur. 

2 There is an airspeed sensor hardware problem. 

3 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

4 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

9 There is a pitch gyro sensor hardware problem. 

11 There is a roll gyro sensor hardware problem. 

13 There is a yaw gyro sensor hardware problem. 

16 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

17 There is an invalid command in the flight plan. 

18 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

19 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

20 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

21 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

22 There is a gyro sensor hardware problem. 

23 There is an accelerometer sensor hardware problem. 

25 The aircraft has flown past the 300 km limit. 

26 The flight plan contains a way point that is outside of the geofence; or the aircraft has 

flown outside of the geofence. 

35 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

36 There is a gyro sensor hardware problem. 

37 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

38 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

39 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

40 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 99 
6 Troubleshooting 

41 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

42 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

43 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

44 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

45 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

46 The flight plan contains a way point that exceeds the maximum allowed distance from 

the takeoff location. 

47 The aircraft is close to the 300 km limit. 

49 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

SO There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

51 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

52 There is a GPS receiver hardware problem. 

53 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

55 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

56 There is an autopilot hardware problem. 

57 There is an autopilot hardware problem. 

58 There ls an accelerometer sensor hardware problem. 

59 There is a GPS receiver hardware problem. 

60 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

61 There is an airspeed sensor hardware problem. 

63 There is an autopllot configuration problem. 

64 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

65 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

66 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

67 There ls an autopilot configuration problem. 

68 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

Trimbie UX5 Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 100 
6 Troubleshooting 

69 There is an autopilot hardware problem. 

71 There is an accelerometer sensor hardware problem. 

72 There are multiple errors. 

73 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

74 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

77 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

78 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

79 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

80 There is an accelerometer sensor hardvJare problem. 

81 There is an invalid command in the flight plan. 

84 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

85 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

86 The aircraft is above the maximum altitude limit. 

87 There is an autopilot configuration problem. 

88 The flight plan contains a way point that is above the maximum allowed altitude from 

the takeoff location. 

89 The flight plan contains a waypoint that is outside of the geofence. 

90 There is a pitch gyro sensor hardware problem. 

91 There is a roll gyro sensor hardware problem. 

92 There is a yaw gyro sensor hardware problem. 

93 There is an accelerometer sensor hardware problem. 

94 There is an accelerometer sensor hardware problem. 

95 There is an accelerometer sensor hardware problem. 

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6 Troubleshooting 

Taking action when an Autopilot error occurs 

Pre-flight, before ARM 

Pre-flight, after ARM 

In-flight 

You will not be able to ARM the UXS. 

1. Press the Mode button once (one flash) to restart the eBox. 

2. Redo the checklist. 

1. Disarm the UXS via software. If that does not work, disarm the 

UXS by pressing the Mode button once (one flash) taking care 

to avoid the propellers. 

2. Press the Mode button once (one flash) to restart the eBox. 

3. Redo the checklist. 

If the landing location is not too far from the location of the UXS and 

the battery level is not too low,, tap the® button. Otherwise, tap 

the@button. 

Taking action when an eBox error occurs 

Miscellaneous eBox errors include eBox altitude pressure sensor errors. 

Pre-flight, before ARM 

Pre-flight, after ARM 

In-flight 

Landing issues 

You will not be able to ARM the UXS. 

1_ Press the Mode button once (one flash) to restart the eBox_ 

2. Redo the checklist. 

1. Disarm the UXS via software. If that does not work, disarm the 

UXS by pressing the Mode button once (one flash) taking care 

to avoid the propellers. 

2. Disconnect and then reconnect the battery to restart the eBox. 

3. Redo the checklist. 

Always use@. 

If the unmanned aircraft does not automatically power off the motor after landing, Trimble 

recommends manually powering off the motor as soon as possible to avoid motor damage. To 

manually power off the UXS, tap the 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 102 
6 Troubleshooting 

®button in the Aerial Imaging software. If that does not work, press and hold the Mode button 

on the eBox until the LED flashes three times. 

J\ WARNING- Always take care to avoid contact with the propeller blades. Contact with moving propeller blades 

can result in serious personal injury. 

Aerial Imaging software issues 

If the Aerial Imaging software on the GCS freezes or crashes when the UXS is in the air, see Aerial 

Imaging software freezes or crashes, page 1. 

If the software crashes, a crash dump file is automatically created. You are prompted to select the 

crash dump location and you can then send the file to Trimble Technical Support. 

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6 Troubleshooting 

eBox LED status 

The diagram below shows the status of the LEDs on the eBox . 

• 

••• •• • 

• • 

Technical support 

If you have an issue and cannot find the information you need in the product documentation, 

contact your Trimble distributor. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 104 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Camera settings 

The camera arrives with the appropriate settings required to obtain good aerial images set by 

Trimble. These settings are listed below. 

Note the following: 

• Settings that are greyed out in the camera menus cannot be selected and so are not listed here. 

• A value of"-" in the tables below indicates that the value for that setting is not set and is not 

required. 

Sony a5100 camera 

Menu settings 

llf!J camera settings 

1 Shoot Mode Shutter Priority 

Image Size L:24M 

Aspect Ratio 3:2 

Quality Fine 

2 Movie File Format AVCHD 

Movie Record Settings SOi 17M (FH) 

Dual Video REC Off 

Drive Mode Single Shooting 

Flash Mode Fill-flash 

3 Flash Camp. ±0.0 

Red Eye Reduction Off 

Focus Area Center 

AF Illuminator Off 

4 Exposure Comp. ±0.0 

ISO ISO AUTO 

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7 Specifications and Settings 

5 Metering Mode Multi 

White Balance Auto 

DRO/Auto-HDR D-Range Opt. -AUTO 

Creative Style Standard 

Picture Effect Off 

6 Focus Magnifier 

High ISO NR Normal 

Smile/Face Detect. Off 

7 Soft Skin Effect Off 

Color Space sRGB 

8 Video Auto Slow Shutter Off 

Audio Recording Off 

Wind Noise Reduct. Off 

Shooting Tip List 

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7 Specifications and Settings 

0 Custom settings 

1 Zebra Off 

MF Assist Off 

Focus Magnif. Time No limit 

Grid Line Diag +square grid 

Movie Marker Display Off 

Movie Marker Settings 

Center Off 

Aspect Off 

Safety zone Off 

Guide frame Off 

2 Auto Review Off 

DISP Button Display all info 

Peaking Level High 

Peaking Color Red 

Exposure Set. Guide Off 

3 Live View Display Setting effect ON 

Disp. Cont. AF Area Off 

Zoom Setting Optical zoom only 

Release w/o lens Enable 

AEL w/ shutter Off 

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7 Specifications and Settings 

4 Self portrait/ -timer Off 

Exp. Comp. Set. Ambient only 

Face Registration 

AF Micro Adj. 

AF Adjustment Set. Off 

5 

Clear 

LensComp. 

Shading Comp. 

Chro. Aber. Comp. 

Distortion Comp. 

Custom Key Settings 

Center Button 

MOVIE Button 

.!'\ Wireless 

Airplane Mode 

c• 110 Application 

Off 

Off 

Off 

Change all items to "Not set" EXCEPT Focus Magnifier 

Movie mode only 

On 

There are no relevant settings set in the Application menu. 

[E] Playback 

Display Rotation Off 

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7 Specifications and Settings 

... 

... Setup 

1 Monitor Brightness 

Audio Signals 

Tile Menu 

Delete Confirm. 

2 Power Save Start Time 

PAS/NTSC Selector 

Touch Operation 

HDMI Settings 

HDMI Resolution 

HDMIInfo. Display 

CTRL FOR HDMI 

3 USB Connection 

USB LUN Setting 

Language 

Date/Time Setup 

Area Setting 

4 Format 

File Number 

Folder name 

5 Version 

Setting Reset 

Manual 

Off 

Off 

"Cancel" first 

30mins 

Off 

Auto 

Off 

Off 

Auto 

Multi 

English 

Set the correct date and time for your location and the 

format used by your organization. 

Set the correct area for your location. 

Series 

Date form 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 112 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Sony NEX-5 camera 

lens settings 

Aperture ring 

Focus ring 

Menu settings 

Shoot Mode 

Shoot Mode 

Camera 

Drive Mode 

Flash Mode 

AF /M F Select 

Autofocus Area 

Autofocus Mode 

Touch Shutter 

Object Tracking I 

Tracking Focus 

Zoom 

Face Detection 

Face Registration 

f/4.5 

3+m 

Note- This is set and calibrated by the manufacturer and must 

not change. For your reference, this position corresponds with the 

white dot appearing below the right edge of the red 0 in the 10ft 

mark. 

S (Shutter priority) 

1/1000 or above 

Remote Cdr. 

Off 

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7 Specifications and Settings 

Smile Shutter Off 

Auto Port Framing Off 

Soft Skin Effect Off 

Shooting Tip List 

LCD Display 

DISP Button 

Image Size 

Image Size 

Aspect Ratio 

Quality 

Movie File Format 

Movie Record Setting 

Brightness/Color 

Display All!nfc 

Enable the following: 

• Display Alii nfo 

• Big Font Size Disp 

• Histogram 

L:16M 

3:2 

Fine 

NEX SR: N/A 

NEX ST: AVCHD 

NEXSR: N/A 

NEX ST: 25p 17M (FH) 

Exposure Compensation ± 0.0 

ISO 

White Balance 

For the NIR camera: 

+ 1.0 with the UV HAZE (orange) filter 

+ 2.0 with the Nl R (black) filter 

Auto 

AutoWB 

For the NIR camera, use custom brightness/color settings. See 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 114 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Metering Mode 

ORO/ Auto HDR 

Picture Effect 

Creative Sty!e 

Playback 

Setting brightness/color settings for the NIR camera , page 57 

Multi 

O-Range Optimizer 

Off 

Standard 

There are no relevant settings set in the Playback menu. 

Application 

There are no relevant settings set in the Application menu. 

Setup 

Shooting settings 

AEL with shutter On 

AF Illuminator Off 

Live View Display Setting Effect On 

Auto Review Off 

Grid Line Off 

Peaking Level Mid 

Peaking Color Red 

Clear I mage Zoom Off 

Digital Zoom Off 

Self-portrait Self-timer Off 

MF Assist On 

MF Assistnme 2Sec 

Color Space sRGB 

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7 Specifications and Settings 

Release without Lens 

Front Curtain Shutter 

Long Exposure NR 

High ISO NR 

Lens Comp.:Shading 

Lens Comp.: Chromatic Aberation 

Lens Comp.: Distortion 

Auto Slow Shutter 

Movie Audio Rec. 

Wind Noise Reduction 

AF Micro Adjustment 

Main settings 

Menu Start 

Function Menu Settings 

MOVIE Button 

Custom Key Settings 

Touch Operation 

Beep 

Language 

Date/Time Setup 

Area Setting 

Help Guide Display 

Power Save 

Enable 

Off 

Off 

Normal 

Auto 

Auto 

Auto 

Off 

On 

On 

NEXSR:Top 

NEX ST: Previous 

Off 

Off 

Off 

English 

Set the correct date and time for your location and 

the format used by your organization. 

Set the correct area for your location. 

Off 

Standard 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 116 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Power Saving Start Time 

LCD Brightness 

Display Color 

Wide Image 

Playback Display 

HDMI Resolution 

CTRL for HDMI 

USB Connection 

Cleaning Mode 

Version 

Initialize 

Memory card tool 

Format 

File Number 

Folder Name 

New Folder 

Recover Image DB 

Display Card Space 

30min 

Manual 

White 

Normal 

Manual Rotate 

Auto 

On 

Auto 

(Click to clean the sensor.) 

(Click to see the camera and lens version.) 

(Click to reset settings.) 

(Click to format a card.) 

Series 

Date Form 

(Click to create a folder.) 

(Click to recover the image database.) 

Click to view card space usage.) 

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7 Specifications and Settings 

Network settings 

Access Point Settings 

Edit Device Name 

Display MAC Address 

Reset View on Smartphone I SSI D/PW 

Reset 

Reset Network Settings 

Airplane Mode (NEX ST only) 

(Click to view the MAC address.) 

NEX SR: (Click to reset the remote view.) 

NEX ST: (Click to execute smartphone connection 

SSID and password reset.) 

(Click to reset the network settings.) 

On 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 118 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Battery charger settings 

When the charger power on, it displays the following parameters for the battery: 

• LiPo manual 

• C:S.OA 6000mAh 

& WARNING -Always check that the settings on the charger are correct before charging the battery. Incorrect 

charger settings may result in damage to the battery, severe burning and fire hazards. 

If the settings are incorrect, correct them using the steps below: 

1. To change the battery type, press and hold the Prog/Mode key for two seconds. Repeat the 

button press until the charger screen shows "LiPo manual" or "Lilo manual" or "LiFe manual". 

2. Briefly press the Prog/Mode key (for less than two seconds). 

3. To change the lithium type, press the DEC or INC key until the lithium type is set to "LiPo". 

4. To change the voltage per cell, press the Enter/Start key and then press the DEC or INC key 

until the voltage is set to "4.20V/C". 

5. Briefly press the Prog/Mode key (for less than two seconds). 

6. In the main screen, the "C:x.xA" entry is blinking. Press the DEC or INC key until it shows "5.0". 

7. To change the battery capacity, press the Enter/Start key and then press the DEC or INC key 

until the battery capacity is set to "6000mAh". 

Your charger is now set and should show: 

• LiPo manual 

• C:S.OA 6000mAh 

UXS battery safety 

The following information has been provided by the manufacturer of the UXS battery. You should 

familiarize yourself with the information in this section so that you know how to look after the 

battery and can take fast, appropriate safety action if required. 

This section contains the following: 

• Hazards identification, page 120 

• First aid measures, page 122 

• Fire fighting measures, page 122 

• Accidentai release measures, page 123 

• Handling and storage, page 123 

• Exposure controls and personal protection, page 125 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 119 
7 Specifications and Settings 

• Physical and chemical properties, page 125 

• Stability and reactivity, page 125 

• Toxicological information, page 126 

• Disposal considerations, page 126 

• Transportation information, page 125 

Hazards identification 

Emergency overview 

• Do not open or disassemble. 

• Do not expose to fire or open flame. 

• Do not mix with batteries of varying sizes, chemistries or types. 

• Do not puncture, deform incinerate or heat above 85 ·c (185 "F). 

Potential health effects 

The materials contained in this battery may only represent a hazard if the integrity of the battery is 

compromised or if the battery is physically or electrically abused. 

(1) Physical: 

The Lithium ion polymer rechargeable batteries described in this Material Safety Data Sheet are 

sealed units which are not hazardous when used according to the recommendations of the 

Manufacturer. 

Under normal conditions of use, the solid electrode materials and liquid electrolyte they contain are 

non-reactive provided the battery integrity is maintained and seals remain intact. 

Risk of exposure is only in case of abuse (mechanical, thermal, electrical) leading to the activation of 

safety valves and/or the rupture of the battery containers. Electrolyte leakage, electrode materials 

reaction with moisture/water or battery vent/explosion/fire may follow, depending upon the 

circumstances. 

(2) Chemical: 

Classification of dangerous substances contained into the product as per directive 67 /548/EEC: 

473894-38-1 UCoO >1000 ·c 

2 

N/A 0.1mg/m3 R22 52 522 

182442-95-1 UMnNiCo02 as Co R43 S24 526 

l.Omg/m3 S36 

as Ni 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 120 
7 Specifications and Settings 

OSHA 

EC: 96-49-1 Organic EC: 38 "C (100 "F) EC: 243 ·c None Flammable R21 52524 

EMC: solvents (EC- EMC: 4 "C (39 "F) (469 •F) established R22 526 535 

623-53-0 EMC) EMC: OSHA R41 537 545 

90.C(194 R42/43 

•F) 

21324-40-3 LIPF6 N/ A (decomposes at N/A None Irritant R14 52 58 522 

160 DC (320 OF)) established Corrosive iUl . 524526 

OSHA R22 536 537 

R41 545 

R43 

(1)- Nature of special risks: 

R14 Reacts with water 

R21 Harmful in contact with skin 

R22 Harmful if swallowed 

R41 Risk of serious damage to the eye 

R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact 

R43 May cause sensitization by skin contact 

(2)- Safety advice: 

S2 Keep out of reach from children 

SB Keep away from moisture 

S22 Do not breathe dust 

S24 Avoid contact with skin 

S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical 

Protective clothing 

S36 Wear suitable protective clothing 

S37 Wear suitable gloves 

Trimble UX5 Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 121 
7 Specifications and Settings 

First aid measures 

In case of battery rupture or explosion, evacuate personnel from contaminated area and provide 

maximum ventilation to clear out fumes/gases. 

In all cases where first aid is applied, seek medical attention. 

Eye contact 

• Flush with plenty of water (eyelids held open) for at least 15 minutes. 

Skin contact 

• Remove all contaminated clothing and flush affected areas with plenty of water and soap for at 

least 15 minutes. 

• Do not apply greases or ointments. 

Ingestion 

• Dilute by giving plenty of water and get immediate medical attention. 

• Make sure that the victim does not aspirate vomited material by use of positional drainage. 

• Make sure that mucus does not obstruct the airway. 

• Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. 

Inhalation 

• Remove to fresh air and ventilate the contaminated area. 

• Give oxygen or artificial respiration if needed. 

Fire fighting measures 

Fire and explosion hazard 

The battery can leak and/or spout vaporized or decomposed and combustible electrolyte fumes in 

case of exposure above 70 ·c (158 "F) resulting from inappropriate use or the environment. 

Cells or batteries may flame or leak potentially hazardous organic vapors if exposed to excessive 

heat or fire. Fire, excessive heat, or over voltage conditions may produce hazardous decomposition 

products. 

Damaged or opened cells or batteries can result in rapid heating and the release of flammable 

vapors. 

Vapors may be heavier than air and may travel along the ground or be moved by ventilation to an 

ignition source and flash back 

Fire, excessive heat, or over voltage conditions may produce hazardous decomposition products. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 122 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Use a positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus if batteries are involved in a fire. Full 

protective clothing is necessary. During water application, caution is advised as burning pieces of 

flammable particles may be ejected from the fire. 

Extinguishing media 

Suitable: 

Not to be used: 

Special exposure hazards 

co2 

Dry chemical or foam extinguishers 

TypeD extinguishers 

Following cell overheating due to external source or due to improper use, electrolyte leakage or 

battery container rupture may occur and release inner component/material in the environment. 

Eye The electrolyte solution contained in the battery is irritant to ocular tissues. 

contact: 

Skin The electrolyte solution contained in the battery causes skin irritation. 

contact: 

Ingestion: The ingestion of electrolyte solution causes tissue damage to throat and 

gastro/respiratory tract. 

Inhalation: Contents of a leaking or ruptured battery can cause respiratory tract, mucus, 

membrane irritation and edema. 

Special protective equipment 

Use self-contained breathing apparatus to avoid breathing irritant fumes. 

Wear protective clothing and avoid body contact with electrolyte solution. 

Accidental release measures 

The material contained within the batteries would only be expelled under abusive conditions. 

Using shovel or broom, cover battery or spilled substances with dry sand or vermiculite, place in 

approved container (after cooling if necessary) and dispose in accordance with local regulations. 

Handling and storage 

The batteries should not be opened, destroyed or incinerated since they may leak or rupture and 

release in the environment the ingredients they contain. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 123 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Handling 

Batteries are designed to be recharged. However, improperly charging a cell or battery may cause 

the cell or battery to flame. 

Use only approved chargers and procedures. 

Never disassemble a battery or bypass any safety device. 

Do not crush, pierce, short(+) and(-) battery terminals with conductive (i.e. metal) goods. 

Do not directly heat or solder. 

Do not throw into fire. 

Do not mix batteries of different types and brands. 

Do not mix new and used batteries. 

Keep batteries in non conductive (i.e. plastic) trays. 

Storage 

Do not store batteries above 60 ·c (140 "F) or below -20 ·c {-4 "F). 

Store batteries in a cool (below 30 "C/86 "F)), dry area that is subject to little temperature change. 

Elevated temperatures can result in reduced battery service life. 

Battery exposure to temperatures in excess of 130 •c (266 •F) will result in the battery venting 

flammable liquid and gases. 

Batteries should be separated from other materials and stored in a noncombustible, well ventilated, 

sprinkler-protected structure with sufficient clearance between walls and battery stacks. 

Do not store batteries in a manner that allows terminals to short circuit. 

Extended short-circuiting creates high temperatures in the cell. High temperatures can cause burns 

in skin or cause the cell to flame. 

Avoid reversing battery polarity within the battery assembly. To do so may cause cell to flame or to 

leak. 

Do not place batteries near heating equipment, nor expose to direct sunlight for long periods. 

Other 

Follow manufacturers recommendations regarding maximum recommended currents and 

operating temperature range. Applying pressure on deforming the battery may lead to disassembly 

followed by eye, skin and throat irritation. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 124 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Exposure controls and personal protection 

No engineering controls are required for handing batteries that have not been damaged. 

Respiratory 

protection: 

Hand protection: 

Eye protection: 

Skin protection: 

Not necessary under normal use. 

In case of battery rupture, use self contained full-face respiratory 

equipment. 

Not necessary under normal use. 

Use gloves if handling a leaking or ruptured battery. 

Not necessary under normal use. 

Wear safety goggles or glasses with side shields if handling a leaking or 

ruptured battery. 

Not necessary under normal use. 

Use rubber protective working in case of handling of a ruptured battery. 

Physical and chemical properties 

Temperature range: 

In storage 

During discharge 

During charge 

+30 oc (86 OF) max. 

-20 to +60 oc (-4 to +140 °F) 

0 to +45 oc (+32 to 113 oF) 

Stability and reactivity 

Conditions to avoid 

Heat above 60 •c (140 "F) or incineration. 

Deform, mutilate, crush, pierce, disassemble 

Short circuit 

Prolonged exposure to humid conditions. 

Materials to avoid 

N/A 

-20 to +60 oc (-4 to +140 "F) 

-20 to +60 oc (-4 to +140 oF) 

o to +45 •c (+32 to 113 "F) 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 125 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Hazardous decomposition products 

Fire, excessive heat, or over voltage conditions may produce hazardous decomposition products. 

Toxicological information 

1. Irritancy: The electrolytes contained in this battery can irritate eyes with any contact. 

Prolonged contact with the skin or mucous membranes may cause irritation. 

2. Sensitization: No information is available at this time. 

3. Carcinogenicity: No information is available at this time. 

4. Reproductive toxicity: No information is available at this time. 

5. Teratogenicity: No information is available at this time. 

6. Mutagenicity: No information is available at this time. 

Disposa I considerations 

Dispose in accordance with applicable regulations which vary from country to country. 

(In most countries, the trashing of used batteries is forbidden and the end-users are invited to 

dispose them properly, eventually through not-for-profit profit organizations, mandated by local 

government or organized on a voluntary basis by professionals). 

Batteries should be completely discharged prior to disposal and I or the terminals taped or capped 

to prevent short circuit. 

When completely discharged it is not considered hazardous. 

This product does not contain any materials listed by the United Stated EPA as requiring specific 

waste disposal requirements. 

These are exempted from the hazardous waste disposal standards under Universal Waste 

Regulations. Disposal of large quantities of lithium-len batteries or cells may be subject to Federal, 

State, or Local regulations. 

Consult your local, state and provincial regulations regarding disposal of these batteries. 

Transportation information 

United Nations 

UN No.: 3480 

Classification: No 

Individual lithium-polymer cells and battery packs with respectively not more than 20Wh (Cell) and 

lOOWh (Battery) of watt-hours are not restricted for transport. 

(5.0Ah of Nominal Capacity: 5.0Ah x3.7V= 18.5Wh) 

Packing 

Packing Instructions 965 for Air Transport 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 126 
7 Specifications and Settings 

IMDG for Sea Transport 

International conventions 

Air lATA Yes 

Sea IMDGYes 

Land ADR (road) Yes 

RID (Rail) Yes 

Other 

In the USA Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR Ch. 1 § 173-185) 

Special packaging information 

Cells and batteries must be packed in inner packaging that completely encloses the cell or battery. 

Cells and batteries must be protected to avoid short circuits. 

Each package must be capable of withstanding a 1.2 m (4ft) drop test in any orientation without: 

1. Damage to cells or batteries contained within the packaging; 

2. Shifting of the contents allowing battery to battery contact; and 

3. Release of contents. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 127 
7 Specifications and Settings 

Special shipping information 

This battery has been tested to Section 38.3 of 'UN Manual ofTests and Criteria'. The amount of 

Lithium contained in these batteries is below the limits set by the DOT in Section 49CFR173 and 

lATA. These can be shipped with the following label: 

LITHIUM ION or LITHIUM POlYMER 

RECHARGEABLE BATIERIES INStOE 

tNo Lithium Metall 

The pock~ rontams lithium ioo 0!' pot;mer ceil 0!' 

battenes. The package must be handled 'With care and 

t"mt a flammability na:ard eJ:JSts if tne package is 

damage. Special procedures shooold be followed 1n the 

e•'efltof the package is damaged. Toindude !nspecoon 

and repacking, if necessary. 

For emel'genty informat!Ofl. calf CHEMTREC. 

1-703..5:'7-~87 [lnternatkma!j 

1-800-424-9300 !U S.A 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 128 
APPENDIX A 

Country-Specific Regulatory Information 

• FAA conditions and limitations of 

operation 

• French airspace requirements 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 129 
A Country-Specific Regulatory Information 

FAA conditions and limitations of operation 

The United States of America Department ofTransportation Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) has 

granted Exemption No. 11110 for operation ofTrimble unmanned aviation systems for the purpose 

of precision aerial surveys in the United States. 

Failure to comply with any of the conditions and limitations of this grant of exemption will be 

grounds for the immediate suspension or rescission of this exemption. 

The conditions and limitations of this grant of exemption are as follows: 

1. Operations authorized by this grant of exemption are limited to the following aircraft described 

in the operator's manual which is a fixed-wing aircraft weighing less than 6 pounds: Trimble 

Navigation Limited UXS UAS. Proposed operations of any other aircraft will require a new 

petition or a petition to amend this grant. 

2. The UA may not be flown at an indicated airspeed exceeding 74.5 knots. 

3. The UA must be operated at an altitude of no more than 400 feet above ground level (AGL), as 

indicated by the procedures specified in the operator's manual. All altitudes reported to ATC 

must be in feet AGL. 

4. The UA must be operated within visual line of sight (VLOS) of the PIC at all times. This requires 

the PIC to be able to use human vision unaided by any device other than corrective lenses, as 

specified on the PIC's FAA-issued airman medical certificate. 

5. All operations must utilize a visual observer (VO). The VO may be used to satisfy the VLOS 

requirement as long as the PIC always maintains VLOS capability. The VO and PIC must be able 

to communicate verbally at all times. The PIC must be designated before the flight and cannot 

transfer his or her designation for the duration of the flight. The PIC must ensure that the VO 

can perform the functions prescribed in the operator's manual. 

6. Provided the additional requirements identified in these conditions and limitations are added 

or amended, the operator's manual is considered acceptable to the FAA. The operator's 

manual and this grant of exemption must be maintained and made available to the 

Administrator upon request. If a discrepancy exists between the conditions and limitations in 

this exemption and the procedures outlined in the operator's manual, the conditions and 

limitations herein take precedence and must be followed. Otherwise, the operator must follow 

the procedures as outlined in its operator's manual. 

The operator may update or revise its operator's manual. It is the operator's responsibility to 

track such revisions and present updated and revised documents to the Administrator upon 

request. The operator must also present updated and revised documents if it petitions for an 

extension or amendment of this exemption. If the operator determines that any update or 

revision would affect the basis upon which the FAA granted this exemption, then the operator 

must petition for amendment to its exemption. The FAA's UAS Integration Office (AFS-80) may 

be contacted if questions arise regarding updates or revisions to the operator's manual. 

7. Prior to each flight the PIC must inspect the UAS to ensure it is in a condition for safe flight. If 

the inspection reveals a condition that affects the safe operation of the UAS, the aircraft is 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 130 
A Country-Specific Regulatorv Information 

prohibited from operating until the necessary maintenance has been performed and the UAS is 

found to be in a condition for safe flight. The Ground Control Station must be included in the 

preflight inspection. All maintenance and alterations must be properly documented in the 

aircraft records. 

8. Any UAS that has undergone maintenance or alterations that affect the UAS operation or flight 

characteristics, e.g. replacement of a flight critical component, must undergo a functional test 

flight in accordance with the operator's manual. The PIC who conducts the functional test flight 

must make an entry in the UAS aircraft records of the flight. The requirements and procedures 

for a functional test flight and aircraft record entry must be added to the operator's manual. 

9. The preflight inspection section in the operator's manual must be amended to include the 

following requirement: The preflight inspection must account for all discrepancies, i.e. 

inoperable components, items, or equipment, not covered in the relevant preflight inspection 

sections of the operator's manual. 

10. The operator must follow the manufacturer's UAS aircraft/component, maintenance, overhaul, 

replacement, inspection, and life limit requirements, with particular attention to flight critical 

components that may not be addressed in the manufacturer's manuals. 

11. Trimble must carry out its maintenance, inspections, and record keeping requirements in 

accordance with the operator's manual. Maintenance, inspection, and alterations must be 

noted in the aircraft logbook, including total flight hours, description of work accomplished, 

and the signature of the authorized UX5 technician returning the UX5 to service. 

12. UX5 technicians must receive and document training referenced in the operator's manual. 

13. Each UAS operated under this exemption must comply with all manufacturer System and 

Safety Bulletins. 

14. Trimble UX5 maintenance personnel must make a record entry in the UAS logbook or 

equivalent document of the corrective action taken against discrepancies discovered between 

inspections. 

15. The PIC must possess at least a private pilot certificate and a third-class airman medical 

certificate. The PIC must also meet the flight review requirements specified in 14 CFR 61.56 in an 

aircraft in which the PIC is rated on his or her pilot certificate. 

16. Prior to operating for hire, the PIC must have completed Trimble's five-day UXS Training 

Syllabus as outlined in the Safety Checklist. The Training Manual must also be updated to 

reflect the specific five day Training Syllabus presented by Trimble. The Training Manual 

specifies the minimum flight and skill requirements for the Remote Pilot, Instructor Pilot and 

Examiner. Those Manuals and records of those requirements must be documented and made 

available upon request by the Administrator. Those minimum flight requirements are repeated 

here as conditions and limitations: 

Remote pilot [PIC] 

• Minimum 2 flights on the UX5 as a remote pilot during the Type Rating module 

• Minimum 2 flights on the UX5 as visual observer during the Type Rating module 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 131 
A Country-Specific Regulatory lnfonnation 

• When failed:Minimum 4flights on the UXS for the failed part 

Instructor pilot 

• A minimum of 25 flights and 4 hours where: 

• The flights occurred on 4 different calendar days. 

• Two long endurance flights that last near the maximum permissible endurance (40 

min for operations conducted under this exemption) or have a minimum duration of 

45 min for previously logged flights or flights not conducted under this exemption (per 

the Trimble operation's manual). 

• One flight with a minimum measured wind speed of 30 kph (18.64mph). If the wind 

speed cannot be measured, you can provide proof from METAR as close as 25km 

from the weather station. 

• One flight with a minimum programmed leg distance of 1 km (if possible by CAA 

regulations, otherwise as long as possible.) 

• 11 flights with a different selected height where: 

• 2 flights are at the minimum height 

• 2 flights are at the maximum allowable height 

Examiner 

• 100 flights and 20 hours (regardless of aircraft type) or as approved by a team of 

examiners. 

Prior documented flight experience that was obtained in compliance with applicable regulations 

may satisfy this requirement. Training, proficiency, and experience-building flights can also be 

conducted under this grant of exemption to accomplish the required flights and flight time. 

17. If the UAS loses communications or loses its GPS signal, the UA must return to a predetermined location within the private or controlled-access property and land or be recovered 

in accordance with the operator's manual. 

18. The PIC must abort the flight in the event of unpredicted obstacles or emergencies in 

accordance with the operator's manual. 

19. The PIC is prohibited from beginning a UXS flight unless (considering wind and forecast weather 

conditions) there is enough power to fly to the first point of intended landing and, assuming 

normal cruising speed, to fly after that for at least 10 minutes. 

20. The operator must obtain an Air Traffic Organization (ATO) issued Certificate of Waiver or 

Authorization (COA) prior to conducting any operations under this grant of exemption. This 

COAwill also require the operator to request a Notice to Airman (NOT AM) not more than 72 

hours in advance, but not less than 48 hours prior to the operation. 

21. All aircraft operated in accordance with this exemption must be identified by serial number, 

registered in accordance with 14 CFR part 47, and have identification (N-Number) markings in 

accordance with 14 CFR part 45, Subpart c. Markings must be as large as practicable. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 132 
A Country-Specific Regulatory Information 

22. Before conducting operations, the radio frequency spectrum used for operation and control of 

the UA must comply with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or other appropriate 

government oversight agency requirements. 

23. The documents required under 14 CFR 91.9 and 91.203 must be available to the PIC at the 

Ground Control Station of the UAS any time the aircraft is operating. These documents must be 

made available to the Administrator or any law enforcement official upon request. 

24. The UA must remain clear and yield the right of way to all other manned operations and 

activities at all times (including, but not limited to, ultralight vehicles, parachute activities, 

parasailing activities, hang gliders, etc.). 

25. The UAS may not be operated by the PIC from any moving device or vehicle. 

26. UAS operations may not be conducted during night, as defined in 14 CFR 1.1. 

27. All operations shall be conducted in Class G airspace. 

28. All operations must be conducted under visual meteorological conditions (VMC). The UA may 

not be operated less than 500 feet below or less than 2,000 feet horizontally from a cloud or 

when visibility is less than 3 statute miles from the PIC. 

29. During operations in Class G airspace, the UA may not operate within 5 nautical miles of the 

geographic center of an airport as denoted on a current FAA-published aeronautical chart 

unless a letter of agreement with that airport's management is obtained, and the operation is 

conducted in accordance with a NOT AM as required by the operator's COA. The letter of 

agreement with the airport management must be made available to the Administrator upon 

request. 

30. The UA may not be operated over congested or densely populated areas. These areas include 

but are not limited to the yellow areas depicted on World Aeronautical Charts (WAC), Sectional 

Aeronautical Charts (Sectionals), or Terminal Area Charts (TAC). However, aeronautical charts 

may not reflect pertinent local information. Ultimately, it is the PIC's responsibility to maintain 

the minimum safe altitudes required by§ 91.119. 

31. Operation of the UA must be conducted at least 500feet from all nonparticipating persons, 

vessels, vehicles, and structures. 

32. Operations of the UA may be conducted at distances less than 500 feet from participating 

persons, vessels, vehicles or structures that perform an essential function in connection with 

these special purpose operations. Operations closer than 500 feet from the PIC, VO, operator 

trainees and essential persons, are permitted when operationally necessary; but never so close 

as to present an undue hazard, per§ 91.119{a). 

33. Operations of the UA may be conducted at distances less than 500 feet from unoccupied 

vessels, vehicles or structures owned by the land owner/controller when the land 

owner/controller grants such permission and the PIC makes a safety assessment of the risk 

from operations closer to these objects. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 133 
A Country-Specific Regulatory Information 

34. All operations shall be conducted over private or controlled-access property with permission 

from the land owner/controller or authorized representative. Permission from land 

owner/controller or authorized representative will be obtained for each flight to be conducted. 

35. Any incident, accident, or flight operation that transgresses the lateral or vertical boundaries of 

the operational area as defined by the applicable COA must be reported to the FAA's UAS 

Integration Office (AFS-80) within 24 hours. Accidents must be reported to the National 

Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) per instructions contained on the NTSB Web site: 

www.ntsb.gov. 

Unless otherwise specified in the list of conditions and limitations above, the unmanned aircraft 

system (UAS), pilot in command (PIC), and operator must comply with all applicable parts of Title 14, 

Code of Regulations (14 CFR) including, but not limited to, parts 45, 47, 61, and 91. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 134 
A Country-Specific Regulatory Information 

French airspace requirements 

For operations in French airspace according to 52+, Trimble recommends a protection zone 

additional to the Trimble UX5 operation zone within any radius, regardless of the wind direction and 

wind speed. 

For the following diagram: 

x = cruise height 

y =radius of operation zone (maximum 1000 m) 

z =width of protection zone 

11\---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

i 

i 

lH 

} 

.... II ~~~· __ .:.;__R _-----L,lfy~_/11 

100 m (328ft) 

150m (492ft) 

200m (656ft) 

200m (656ft) 

250 m (820ft) 

300 m (984ft) 

• .. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 135 
Glossary 

Glossary 

aerial imaging 

rover 

aerial photo 

station 

aeronautical 

information 

publication 

AlP 

avoidance zone 

block 

CAA 

cross wind 

elevon 

flight 

flight plan 

flight strategy 

GCP 

GCS 

The UXS aerial imaging rover is a type of unmanned aircraft specifically 

designed for aerial photogrammetry. 

An aerial photo station is created each time an aerial photo is taken 

during a flight. It defines a point and includes raw sensor values 

(orientation and tilt), coordinate data, and an image. 

A manual containing thorough details of regulations, procedures and 

other information pertinent to flying aircraft in the particular country to 

which it relates. It is usually issued by or on behalf of the respective civil 

aviation administration. 

See aeronautical information publication. 

Avoidance zones are used in the mission map to indicate areas that the 

unmanned aircraft must not fly over, such as airports and forbidden 

airspace. 

Contained within a mission, a block is intended to cover a single polygonal 

area on the earth's surface. A mission contains one or more blocks. A 

block is defined by a flight plan. 

Civil Aviation Authority. 

A wind that blows from a sideways direction. 

The movable flap on the back edge of each wing. The elevons move up 

and down to create uneven lift, which controls the aircraft's rolling and 

banking movement. 

The motion of the aircraft through the earth's atmosphere. The main part 

of the flight records aerial photo station images of one or more blocks. 

One flight can stretch over multiple blocks, depending on the area 

parameters. 

A set of parameters that defines the proper flight path the unmanned 

aircraft must follow during a single flight. Parameters include the desired 

altitude of the side image overlap. A mission can include one or more 

blocks, each of which is defined by a flight plan. 

Pre-defined sequence of flight lines that can be set per block. 

See ground control point. 

See ground control station. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 136 
Glossary 

georeference 

georeferenced 

image 

ground control 

point 

ground control 

station 

ground sample 

distance 

GSD 

head wind 

height 

lATA 

ICAO 

launch 

launch dock 

launcher 

METAR 

The act of positioning an object at its true location (using two or more 

coordinates) in 20 or 3D space. Georeferencing is used, for example, to 

position an aerial photograph accurately in relation to other objects in a 

project. 

A photo taken from a ground- or aerial-based station that includes 

overlaid point coordinate data. See also georeference. 

An accurately surveyed coordinate location for a physical feature that can 

be identified on the ground and is used to georeference images. 

The ground control station (GCS) is used to control the unmanned aircraft 

from the ground. It comprises the Trimble Tablet running the Trimble 

Aerial Imaging software. A modem is connected to the Tablet to enable 

radio communication to the aerial imaging rover. Although the 

unmanned aircraft flies following a preprogrammed flight plan, you need 

the GCS to manage the unmanned aircraft before, during, and after the 

flight. 

In the Aerial Imaging software, the ground sample distance (GSD) is the 

distance on the ground represented by each pixel. The GSD and the 

height at which the aircraft flies are linked. The higher the unmanned 

aircraft flies, the larger the distance on the ground represented by each 

pixel in the images acquired during the flight. 

See ground sample distance. 

A wind that blows from the direction that the aircraft is flying toward. 

The height above the ground that the unmanned aircraft flies. The rover 

does not begin taking photographs until it reaches the height specified for 

the flight. 

I nternationa I Air Transport Association 

International Civil Aviation Authority 

The process of releasing the rover from the launcher. Launch immediately 

preceeds takeoff. 

The platform that rests on the launcher. The unmanned aircraft sits on 

the launch dock. The launch dock moves forward along the launcher at 

speed when the unmanned aircraft is launched. 

The launcher is a mechanical device that provides a safe way to launch the 

unmanned aircraft in the direction of takeoff. 

A routine aviation weather report issued at hourly or half-hourly intervals. 

It is a description of the meteorological elements observed at an airport at 

a specific time. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 137 
Glossary 

mission 

mission area 

NOT AM 

photogrammetry 

pitot tube 

remote pilot 

station 

remotely-piloted 

remotely-piloted 

aircraft 

remotely-piloted 

aircraft system 

RPA 

RPA observer 

RPAS 

scan area 

segregated 

airspace 

TAF 

tail wind 

An interconnected series of aerial photo station images recorded with an 

unmanned aircraft system {UAS) that are intended to be processed as a 

single unit and used for surveying purposes. A mission can include one or 

more blocks that cover a single polygonal area to be flown over at a 

defined overlap and GSD. 

A single polygonal area that defines the geographical area to be 

photographed at a defined overlap and GSD during one or more flights. 

A notice filed with an aviation authority to alert aircraft pilots of potential 

hazards along a flight route or at a location that could affect the safety of 

the flight. The term NOT AM is commonly used rather than the more 

formal term Notice to Airmen. 

The use of photography in surveying and mapping to make 

measurements between objects. 

The sensor used by the aircraft to detect airspeed. It must be kept clean 

and free of obstructions to operate correctly. 

The station at which the remote pilot manages the flight of an unmanned 

aircraft. 

Control of an aircraft from a pilot station which is not on board the 

aircraft. 

An aircraft where the flying pilot is not on board the aircraft. This is a 

subcategory of unmanned aircraft. 

A set of configurable elements consisting of a remotely-piloted aircraft, its 

associated remote pilot station(s), the required command and control 

links and any other system elements as may be required at any point 

during flight operation. 

See remotely-piloted aircraft. 

A remote crew member who, by visual observation of the remotelypiloted aircraft, assists the remote pilot in the safe conduct of the flight. 

See remotely-piloted aircraft system. 

A polygonal area on the earth's surface where aerial images are recorded. 

Airspace of specified dimensions allocated for exclusive use to a specific 

user(s). 

See terminal aerodrome forecast. 

A wind that blows from the opposite direction to the direction that the 

aircraft is flying toward. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 138 
Glossary 

takeoff 

terminal 

aerodrome 

forecast 

tiepoint 

tracker 

UA 

UAS 

unmanned aircraft 

unmanned aircraft 

system 

visual line-of-sight 

operation 

waypoint 

winglet 

The initial ascent of the unmanned aircraft. Takeoff immediately follows 

launch. 

A terminal aerodrome forecast (TAF) is a concise statement ofthe 

expected meteorological conditions at an airport during a specified period 

(usually 24 or 30 hours). 

A point in a digital image or aerial photograph that represents the same 

location in an adjacent image or aerial photograph. Tie points are used to 

correctly orient aerial photo stations to each other and reference them to 

the ground based on autonomous GNSS positions recorded when the 

photo images are taken. 

The tracker consists ofa transmitter inserted in the body of the 

unmanned aircraft and a receiver. If required, the receiver is used to track 

the transmitter signal so the unmanned aircraft can be located once it has 

landed. 

See unmanned aircraft. 

See unmanned aircraft system. 

An aircraft which is intended to operate with no pilot on board. See also 

unmanned aircraft system {UAS). 

An aircraft and its associated elements which are operated with no pilot 

on board. 

An operation in which the remote crew maintains direct visual contact 

with the aircraft to manage its flight. 

A waypoint is a point between major points on a route, as along a track. 

In terms of the Aerial Imaging software, a waypoint is located at the 

beginning and end of each flight line in the scan area. 

The extreme edge of the wing. 

Trimble UXS Aerial Imaging Solution User Guide 139