Commercial Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps

Screening Analysis

David Winiarski

(david.winiarski@pnl. gov)

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

U.S. DOE Workshop on Standards

for Commercial Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps

September 12, 2001

EE-RM-STD-01-375 COMMENT 02HH

Commercial Air Condition~rs and Heat Pumps 

Screening Analysis 

David Winiarski 

(david. winiarski@pnl.gov) 

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 

u.s. DOE Workshop on Standards 

for Commercial Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps 

September 12, 2001 
-g Screening Analysis Overview

The Screening Analysis is used to eliminate from further

analysis those options or efficiency levels that are not

sufficiently developed or have characteristics that make them

technologically unsuitable for consideration in the rulemaking.

Final design options included must satisfy the following criteria.

Technological feasibility Practicability to manufacture,

install, and service

Impacts on health or safety Impacts on product utility or

availability

II1-C- 2

EE-RM-STD-01-375 COMMENT 02HH

Screening Analysis 

Overview 

'" .' : I' . ,. f:> '~~'. ,0 ! # 

The Screening Analysis is used to eliminate from further 

analysis those options or efficiency levels that are not 

. sufficiently developed or have characteristics that make them 

technologically unsuitable for consideration in the rulemaking. 

Final design options included must satisfy the following criteria: 

Technological feasibility Practicability to manufacture, 

install, and service 

Impacts on healt,h or safety Impacts on product utility or 

availability 

UI-C- 2 
ZN Screening Analysis

Do1 DOE Requests for Stakeholder Input

Should the Department consider other factors in developing its

list of potential design options? For example, should increases

in EER be limited by the latent heat removal capability of the

equipment in order to make the product suitable for high humidity areas of the country?

What assumptions should the Department make regarding design for specific capacities of equipment? How should the

Department address capacity control measures ?

Are there other technology choices that should be added to

those listed in the framework document

III-C- 3

EE-RM-STD-01-375 COMMENT 02HH

, ' 

Screening Analysis' . DOE Requests for Stakeholder Input 

"., .. ,". 

• Should.the Department consider other factors in developing its 

list of potential design options? For example, should increases 

in EER be limited by the latent heat removal capability of the 

eq~ipment in order to make the product suitable for high 

humidity areas of the country? 

.• What assumptions should the Department make regarding 

,. design for specific capacities of equipment? How should the 

., Department address capacity control measures? 

• Are there other technology choices that should be added to 

those lis'ted in the framework document 

III-C- 3 
ft

BACKUP SLIDES

Screening Analysis

III-C- 4

EE-RM-STD-01-375 COMMENT 02HH

BACKUP SLIDES 

Screening Analysis , , 

III-C· 4 
' . Screening Analysis

Initial Technology Choice Considerations

Evaporator and condenser coils with * Air-foil or backward-curved

larger heat-exchanger area * centrifugal fans *

'o "Deep coil" or micro-channel * Synchronous (toothed) belts or

evaporator coils coils direct drive fans *

* Inverter-driven, variable-speed · Low pressure-loss filters and Low pressur s findoor or condenser compressors cooling coils c High-efficiency propeller condenser * High efficiency motors * fans

* High efficiency compressors, e.g. * High-side solenoid valve or

scrolls or "twin-single" technology * discharge line check-valve to

'.' Multiple compressors * minimize pressure equalization

* Inverter-driven, variable-speed * Heat-pipes (for high latent loads)*

compressors* * Double-skin, high-albedo cabinets*

* Thermal expansion valves (TXV) * Sub-coolers

· Electronic expansion valves Demand-controlled ventilation

strategy *

* Currently used in commercial unitary and/or split AC/HP products

III-C- 5

EE-RM-STD-01-375 COMMENT 02HH

Screening Analysis 

Initial Technology Choice Considerations 

• Evaporator and condenser coils with • Air-foil or backward-curved 

larger heat~exchanger area * centrifugal fans * 

CJ) "Deep coil" or micro-channel • Synchronous (toothed) belts or 

evaporator coils direct drive fans * 

Low pressure-loss filters and • Inverter-driven, variable-speed • 

cooling coils * indoor or condenser compressors 

• High-efficiency propeller condenser 

• High efficiency motors * fans 

• High efficiency compressors, e.g. • High-side solenoid valve or 

scrolls or "twin-single" technology * discharge line check-valve to 

' .. Multiple compressors * minimize pressure equalization 

• Inverter-driven! variable-speed • Heat-pipes (for high latent loads) * 

compressors * • Double-skin, high-albedo cabinets * 

• Thermal expansion valves (TXV) * • Sub-coolers 

• Electronic expansion valves • Demand-controlled ventilation 

strategy * 

* Currently used in commercial unitary and/or split AC/HP products 

III-C- 5