UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON D.C., 20460



### MEMORANDUM Date: November 19, 2007

SUBJECT: Environmental Fate and Ecological Ri sk Assessment Chapter (DP Barcode

D335823, 335824, 338355) in Support of Phase I of the Reregistration Eligibility

Decision on Siduron (PC Code 035509)

FROM: Ibrahim Abdel-Saheb, Ph.D., Environmental Scientist

Carolyn Hammer, Environmental Scientist

Environmental Risk Branch II

Environmental Fate a nd Effects Division (7507P)

Office of Pesticide Programs

THROUGH: Dana Spatz, Branch Chief

Environmental Risk Branch II

Environmental Fate a nd Effects Division (7507P)

Office of Pesticide Programs

TO: Dana Friedman, Chem ical Review Manager

Margaret Rice, Branch Chief

Special Review and Rere gistration Division (7508P)

Office of Pesticide Programs

The Environmental Fate and Effects Divisi on (EFED) has completed the draft baseline

ecological risk assessment in support of Phase I of the reregistration eligibility decision on

siduron (PC Code 035509). Conclusions regarding th e environmental fate, ecological effects and

ecological risks associated with the current uses of siduron can be found in the executive

summary of the attached document.

1

### Data Gaps

Table A1 identifies the status of environmental fate and transp ort study requirements and Table

A2 identifies the status of ecological effects study requirements. While additional fate

information on major degradates identified in la boratory studies would provide a more accurate

understanding of the long-term exposure of the pest icide and its degradates, this information is

unlikely to change the current risk conclusions.

There are a number of uncertain ties in terms of the ecologica l effect data. There are no

submitted or open literature chronic toxicity studies for fish or aquatic invertebrates nor are there

data available for toxicity to aquatic vascular plants. Additionally, there is no acceptable 2-

generation reproduction study for mammals. In the abse nce of this data, toxicity data from other

phenylurea compounds is used. It is possible that these data will overestimate the risk of siduron

to mammals and aquatic plants. However, given the range of available phenylurea data, even

using the smallest acute-to-chr onic ratio, the aquatic RQs for fi sh would still exceed the LOC

Using the extrapolated toxicity e ndpoint, we have concluded that there is risk to fish, mammals

and aquatic plants from siduron exposure. Submitted data to address these da ta gaps decrease the

uncertainty of the risk conclusions.

Labeling Recommendations

EFED recommends that the maximum application rates, frequency, and timing be more clearly

defined on the label.

Table A1. Environmental Fate and Tran sport Data Requirements for Siduron

Guideline

No. Data Requirement MRID No. Study Classification

161-1

835.2120 Hydrolysis MRID# 41050501 Acceptable

161-2

835.2240 Photodegradation in Water (pH 7) MRID# 418113 01 Acceptable

161-3

835.2410 Photodegradation on Soil MRID# 41811302 Acceptable

161-4

835.2370 Photodegradation in Air No Data Waived

162-1

835.4100 Aerobic Soil Metabolism Study ID#42159601

MRID# 43846701 Acceptable

Acceptable

162-2

835.4200 Anaerobic Soil Metabolism MRID# 41618201 Acceptable

162-3

835.4400 Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism No Data Waived

162-4

835.4300 Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism No Data Waived

163-1

835.1230 Adsorption/Desorption MR ID# 4811303 Acceptable

163-2

835.1410 Laboratory Volatility No Data Waived

163-3

835.8100 Field Volatility No Data Waived



### 2

### Table A1. Environmental Fate and Tran sport Data Requirements for Siduron

Guideline

No. Data Requirement MRID No. Study Classification

164-1

835.6100 Terrestrial Field Dissipatio n MRID#42535801 Acceptable

165-4

850.1730 Accumulation in Fish MR ID# 41811305 Acceptable



### Table A2. Ecological Effects Data Requirements for Siduron

Guideline

No. Data Requirement Species Formulation Are data

adequate for

ecological risk

assessment? Acc. or MRID

Number

(Study

Classification)

71-1

850.2100 Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Colinus virginianus

(Bobwhite Quail) Technical Yes 409916-01

Upland game bird:

Colinus virginianus

(Bobwhite Quail) Technical Yes 409916-02 71-2

850.2200 Avian Subacute Dietary

Toxicity

Water fwl:

Anas platyrhynchos

(Mallard Duck) Technical Yes 409916-03

Colinus virginianu s

(Bobwhite Quail) Technical Yes 438833-01 71-4

850.2300 Avian Reproduction Toxicity

Anas platyrhynchos

(Mallard Duck) Technical No

--

Cold water species:

Oncorhynchus mykiss

(Rainbow Trout) Technical Yes 433245-01 72-1

850.1075 Freshwater Fish Acute LC 50

Warm water species:

Lepomis macrochirus

(Bluegill Sunfish) Technical Yes

--

72-2

850.1010 Freshwater Invertebrate

Acute LC 50 or EC 50 Daphnia magna

(water flea) Technical Yes 433245-02

72-3(a)

850.1075 Estuarine/Marine Fish LC 50 Cyprinodon variegatus

(Sheepshead Minnow) Technical Yes 433279-02

72-3(b)

850.1025

850.1055 Estuarine/Marine

Invertebrate (Mollusk) shell

deposition or embryo-larval

EC 50 Crassostrea virginica

(Eastern Oyster)

Shell deposition Technical Yes 433854-01

72-3(c)

850.1035

850.1045 Estuarine/Marine

Invertebrate (Shrimp) Americamysis bahia

(mysid shrimp) Technical Yes 458683-01

Fish Early Life-Stage

(Freshwater) Prefer more sensitive

of the acute fish

species tested Technical No

-- 72-4 (a)

850.1400

(Marine) PreferAtlantic

silverside Technical No

--



### 3

### 4 Table A2. Ecological Effects Data Requirements for Siduron

Guideline

No. Data Requirement Species Formulation Are data

adequate for

ecological risk

assessment? Acc. or MRID

Number

(Study

Classification)

Aquatic Invertebrate LifeCycle

(Freshwater) Daphnia magna

(water flea) Technical No

-- 72-4 (b)

850.1300

850.1350 (Marine) Americamysis bahia

(mysid shrimp) Technical No

--

72-5

850.1500 Fish Full Life-Cycle

(Freshwater)

(Marine) -- Technical Reserved

--

Monocots: (4 species

of at least two

families, one species

of which is corn ( Zea

mays ) TEP Study with TGAI,

guideline calls for

TEP 433854-02 123-1(a)

850.4100 Seedling Emergence and

Seedling Growth (Tier II)

Dicots: Six species of

at least four families,

one species of which is

soybean ( Glycine max ) TEP Study with TGAI,

guideline calls for

TEP --

Monocots: (4 species

of at least two

families, one species

of which is corn ( Zea

mays ) TEP No

Study with TGAI

guideline calls for

TEP 42111001

(Tier I) 123-1(b)

850.4150 Vegetative Vigor (Tier II)

Dicots: Six species of

at least four families,

one species of which is

soybean ( Glycine max ) TEP No

Study with TGAI

guideline calls for

TEP --

123-2

850.4400 Aquatic Plant Growth

(Tier II) Lemna gibba

(duckweed) TEP No

--

Anabaena flos-aquae

(freshwater

cyanobacterium) Technical Yes 421110-02

Skeletonema costatum

(marine diatom) TEP No



### --

Pseudokirchneriella

subcapitata

(green alga) TEP No



### -- 123-2

850.4550

850.4500 Algal Plant Toxicity

(Tier II)

Navicula pelliculosa

(freshwater diatom) TEP No



### --

141-1

850.3020 Honeybee Acute Contact

Toxicity Test Apis mellifera

(honey bee) Technical Yes 00018842

141-2

850.3030 Residues on Foliage

Honeybee Toxicity Test Apis mellifera

(honey bee) Technical Reserved

--

141-4 Honeybee Feeding Toxicity

Test Apis mellifera

(honey bee) TEP Reserved

--

# Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk Assessment for the

Reregistration of Siduron

Siduron

Urea, N-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-N'-phenyl-; 1-(2-Methylcyclohexyl)-3-phenylurea

CAS#: 1982496



## ERB II Team:

Carolyn Hammer, Environmental Scientist

Ibrahim Abdel-Saheb, Environmental Scientist

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)



## Peer Review:

Donna Randall, Senior Effects Scientist

Nelson Thurman, Senior Fate Scientist

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)



## Branch Chief Approval:

Dana Spatz, Branch Chief

Environmental Risk Branch II

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

### TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 1

A. Nature of Chemical Stressor .................................................................................................1

B. Conclusions - Exposure Characterization .............................................................................1

C. Conclusions - Effects Characterization .................................................................................2

D. Potential Risks to Non-target Organisms ..............................................................................2

E. Uncertainties and Data Gaps .................................................................................................4

II. PROBLEM FORMULATION ................................................................................................... 5

A. Stressor Source and Distribution ...........................................................................................5

1. Source and Intensity ..........................................................................................................5

2. Physical/Chemical Fate and Transport Properties .............................................................7

3. Pesticide Type, Class and Mode of Action .......................................................................7

B. Receptors

............................................................................................................................... 7

1. Ecosystems Potentially at Risk ..........................................................................................7

2. Aquatic Effects ..................................................................................................................8

3. Terrestrial Effects..............................................................................................................9

C. Assessment Endpoints .........................................................................................................10

D. Conceptual Model ...............................................................................................................10

1. Rationale for Risk Hypothesis Selected ...........................................................................11

2. Conceptual Diagram .........................................................................................................11

3. Risk Hypotheses ..............................................................................................................13

E. Analysis Plan ......................................................................................................................13

1. Measures of Exposure .....................................................................................................14

a. Estimating Exposure in Terrestrial Systems ...............................................................14

b. Estimating Exposure in Aquatic Systems ...................................................................15

2. Measures of Effect ..........................................................................................................15

a. Listed (Endangered or Threatened) Species ...............................................................15

b. Incident Data Review ................................................................................................16

c. Data Gaps and Uncertainties ......................................................................................16

III. ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................. 16

A. Exposure Characterization ..................................................................................................16

1. Environmental Fate and Transport Characterization .......................................................16

a. Degradation .................................................................................................................18

b. Mobility and Transport ................................................................................................18

c. Field Studies ...............................................................................................................18

d. Degradates ...................................................................................................................18

2. Measures of Aquatic Exposure .......................................................................................19

i

### a. Aquatic Exposure Modeling ........................................................................................19

b. Aquatic Exposure Monitoring and Field Data .............................................................22

3. Measures of Terrestrial Exposure ....................................................................................23

a. Terrestrial Exposure Modeling ....................................................................................23

B. Ecological Effects Characterization ....................................................................................26

1. Evaluation and Selection of A quatic and Terrestrial Effect Studies ...............................27

a. Aquatic Effects Characterization ................................................................................27

b. Terrestrial Effects Characterization............................................................................33

2. ECOTOX Summary of Effects .......................................................................................37

3. Incident Data Review ......................................................................................................38

IV. Risk Characterization ............................................................................................................. 39

A. Risk Estimation - Integrat ion of Exposure and Effects Data ..............................................39

1. Non-target Aquatic Animals and Plants ..........................................................................40

a. Fish and Invertebrates, Acute ......................................................................................40

b. Fish and Invertebrates, Chronic .............................................................................41

c. Aquatic Plants ..............................................................................................................42

2. Non-target Terrestrial Animals .......................................................................................43

a. Birds ............................................................................................................................43

b. Mammals ....................................................................................................................44

c. Insects .........................................................................................................................45

3. Non-target Terrestrial and Semi-aquatic Plants ..............................................................45

B. Risk Description ..................................................................................................................46

1. Risks to Aquatic Organisms ............................................................................................47

a. Animals .......................................................................................................................47

b. Plants ...........................................................................................................................48

2. Risks to Terre strial Organisms ........................................................................................49

a. Animals .......................................................................................................................49

b. Plants ..........................................................................................................................50

3. Review of Incident Data ..................................................................................................50

4. Endocrine Disruption ......................................................................................................50

5. Federally Threatened and Enda ngered (Listed) Species Concerns .................................51

a. Action Area ................................................................................................................51

b. Taxonomic Groups Potentially at Risk ........................................................................51

6. Co-occurrence Analysis ..................................................................................................53

C. Assumptions, and Limitations, All Taxa .............................................................................54

1. Assumptions and Limitations Related to Exposure for Aquatic Species ........................54

a. Lack of Averaging Time for Exposure .......................................................................54

b. Routes of exposure .....................................................................................................54

2. Assumptions and Limitations Relate d to Exposure for Terrestrial Species....................54

a. The Use of Developmental Study in Lieu of Reproductive Study .............................54

ii

### b. Incidental Pesticide Releases Associated with Use ....................................................55

3. Assumptions and Limitations Related to Effects Assessment ........................................55

a. Age class and sensitivity of effects thresholds ...........................................................55

b. Use of the Most Sensitive Species Tested ..................................................................55

4. Assumptions Associated with the Acute LOCs ..............................................................56

D. Description of Uncertainties, Strengths and Data Gaps ......................................................56

1. Environmental Fate Information Gaps .............................................................................56

2. Ecotoxicity Data Gaps ......................................................................................................57

V. References ............................................................................................................................... 58

APPENDIX A: ECOTOX Results............................................................................................... 62

APPENDIX B. Environmental Fate and Transport Study Details ............................................... 97

APPENDIX C: PRZM/EXAMS Output Data from the FL, PA Turf, and PA Alfalfa

Scenarios

............................................................................................................................... ...... 101

APPENDIX D: Input Parameters an d Results from T-REX and Terrplant ............................... 118

APPENDIX E: TerrPlant Model ................................................................................................ 131

APPENDIX F: Results from Submitt ed Eco Toxicity Studies for Siduron ............................... 133

APPENDIX G. PHENYLUREA HERBICI DE TOXICITY AND STRUCTURE DATA ........ 138

APPENDIX H: Federally Listed Species th at Co-Occur with Potential Siduron Use Sites

at the County-Level (Based on LOCATES). .............................................................................. 140

APPENDIX I: Environmental fate a nd Effects Data Requirements for Siduron ...................... 283

APPENDIX J. Summary of Re gistered Labeled Siduron Uses ................................................. 286

APPENDIX K. Aquatic Plant Toxic ity Data for Phenylurea Herbicides .................................. 291

iii

### List of Tables

Table 1 Listed Species Risk s Associated with Potential Direct or Indirect Effects

Due to the Proposed Applications of Siduron on Turf ...................................... 3

Table 2. Summary of the Maximum Labeled Uses ........................................................ 6

Table 3 Test Species Evaluated for Assessi ng Potential Ecologica l Effects of Siduron

and the Associated Acute Toxicity Classification .............................................. 9

Table 4. Summary of Environmental Chem istry, Fate and Transport Properties of

Siduron................................................................................................................. 17

Table 5 Summary of Crop Scenarios Used in Aquatic Exposure Modeling ............ 19

Table 6 Surface Water Exposure Inputs for PRZM/EXAMS for Siduron on Turf 21

Table 7 Tier II Surface Water 1-in10 Year EECs (ppb) of Siduron from Turf Use 22

Table 8 Dietary-Based EECs (ppm) for Each Use Scenario, as Calculated by TREX

.............................................................................................................................. 23

Table 9 Avian Dose-based EECs (mg/kg-bw/d) for Each Use Scenario ................... 24

Table 10 Mammalian Dose-based EECs (ppm) for Each Use Scenario ................... 24

Table 11 Inputs for TerrPlant Model .......................................................................... 25

Table 12 Siduron Loading EECs to Offsit e Soil from Runoff and Spray Drift and

Spray Drift Loading after 12lbs a.i./acre application ...................................... 26

Table 13 Summary of Specific Measurement Endpoint Values Selected to Calculate

RQs to Evaluate Risk for the Associated Freshwater Aquatic Animal

Assessment Endpoints ........................................................................................ 28

Table 14 Phenylurea Herbicide 96-h Acute LC 50 

### , Freshwater Fish Early Life Stage

NOAEC Values, and ACR ................................................................................. 29

Table 15 Phenylurea Herbicide 96-h Acute LC 50 

### , Marine Fish Early Life Stage

NOAEC, and ACR .............................................................................................. 29

Table 16 Phenylurea herbicide D. magna Acute 48-h EC 50 

### , Reproduction NOAEC,

and ACR Values .................................................................................................. 30

Table 17 Phenylurea herbicide A. bahia Acute 96-h LC 50 

### , Reproduction NOAEC,

and ACR Values .................................................................................................. 31

Table 18. Summary of Specific Measurement Endpoint Values Selected to Calculate

RQs to Evaluate Risk for the Asso ciated Estuarine/Marine Animal

Assessment Endpoints ........................................................................................ 33

Table 19. Summary of Specific Measurement Endpoint Values Selected to Calculate

RQs to Evaluate Risk for the Associ ated Terrestrial Animal Assessment

Endpoints ............................................................................................................. 34

Table 20. Terrestrial Plant Toxicity Data ..................................................................... 36

Table 21. Aquatic Plant Toxicity Data .......................................................................... 37

Table 22 Agency Levels of Concern (LOC) ................................................................. 39

Table 23 Aquatic EECs and acute freshwat er and estuarine/marine RQ values for

four siduron application Scenarios. .................................................................. 40

Table 24 Aquatic EECs and chronic freshwater and estuarine/marine invertebrate

RQ values for four siduron application Scenarios........................................... 41

Table 25. Aquatic EECs and chronic freshwater and estuarine/marine fish RQ

values for four siduron application Scenarios. ................................................. 42

Table 26 Aquatic EECs and RQ values for Nonlisted Aquatic Plants ...................... 42

Table 27. Weight Adjusted Avian LC 50 

### values ............................................................ 43

iv

### Table 28. Dose-based EECs for comparison with acute LD 50 

### or LC 50 

### values. Values

in bold indicate EEC that is greater than theLD 50 

### > value. ............................ 43

Table 29 Dietary Based Chronic Avian RQs (values in bold exceed LOC). .............. 44

Table 30. Mammalian, weight adjusted LD 50 

### values .................................................. 44

Table 31 Mammalian Acute EECs vs adjust "LD50" ................................................. 44

Table 32 Table of Mammalian LOC (1) Ex ceedences (includes Dietary and DoseBased). .................................................................................................................. 45

Table 33 Terrestrial Invertebrate Contact RQ Values .............................................. 45

Table 34 RQ Values for Plants in Upla nd (dry) and Semi-Aquatic Areas Exposed to

Siduron (Applied once at 22lb a.i./acre) Through Runoff and/or Spray Drift

.............................................................................................................................. 46

Table 35 RQ Values for Plants in Upla nd (dry) and Semi-Aquatic Areas Exposed to

Siduron (Applied once at 12lb a.i./acre) Through Runoff and/or Spray Drift

.............................................................................................................................. 46

Table 36. RQ Values for Plants in Upland (dry) and Semi-Aquatic Areas Exposed to

Siduron (Applied once at 24 lb a.i./a cre) Through Runoff and/or Spray Drift

.............................................................................................................................. 46

v

### vi LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Siduron Structure .............................................................................................. 5

Figure 2 Conceptual Diagram of Exposure Pathways, Receptors, and Attribute

Changes for Evaluating Risk from Siduron Ground Spray Applications ..... 12

Figure 3 Conceptual Diagram of Exposure Pathways, Receptors, and Attribute

Changes for Evaluating Risk from Siduron Granular Applications ............. 13

# I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. Nature of Chemical Stressor

Siduron is a registered herbicide used to c ontrol warm-season grass in stands of coolseason grass, such as in lawns, on golf course s, and on sod farms. Siduron is a selective,

systemic preemergence herbicide. It is of the class of pesticides known as phenylureas,

which typically act to inhibit photosynthesis. While its exact mode of action for target

pests is unknown, siduron is unlike the rest of the phenylurea herbicides because it is

believe that it inhibits some aspect of cell divi sion and is a root grow th inhibitor, perhaps

acting by mitosis disruption. It is assumed that in non-target organisms it will have

similar modes of action to other phenylureas.

There are 17 product labels (see Appendix I); all are single ac tive ingredient formulations

( i.e .., no multiple active ingredients). Formulati ons include granular, with a.i. ranging

from 2.4% to 7.65% by weight, and a wettabl e powder, at 50% a.i. by weight. The

maximum labeled application ra tes are two applications at 6 pounds a.i. per acre (lb

a.i./A), when applied at seeding to bare gr ound and two applications at 12 lb a.i./A when

applied to established turf. Additionally, there is a specialty application which calls for

sequential applications of 22 lbs a.i./A on golf course tees and greens, at four week

intervals. Overall, there are four basic maximum application Scenarios ( Table 2 ). There

are currently no 24(c) registrati ons for any siduron product.

Siduron may be applied in spri ng or late summer to newl y seeded spring or summer

grass, or in the spring to fall seeded or plan ted turf, to established turf, or to overseeding

of established turf. Application methods specified on the labels for granular formulation

are with a dry spreader (drop or broad cast) and for the wettable powder products

chemigation, ground spray.



## B. Conclusions - Ex posure Characterization

Siduron is resistant to hydrol ysis, photolysis in water a nd on soil, and soil metabolism

under aerobic (half-life ranges from 617 to 694 days) and anaerobic conditions (half-life

= 365 days). Siduron is mobile in soil; wi th Koc values ranging from 175 to 268.

Therefore, there is a potential for siduron to reach ground and surface water. Because of

its persistence, siduron also has the potential to accumulate in soil over time as the result

of multiple applications.

Because siduron is very persistent in the environment; fate and transport information on

degradates is lacking. Therefore, a quanti tative environmental assessment for siduron

degradates was not conducted. However, given that siduron degrades slowly under

laboratory conditions across a range of degradation routes, degr adates are not expected to

form in significant quantities nor have a significant impact on risk conclusions. The

degradates of siduron include an unidentifie d degradate (unknown A) present at up to

5.8% and 8.1% of the applied radioa ctivity in two soils tested and 2-

1

### methylcyclohexylamine, which accounted for only 2.1% of the applied radioactivity..



## C. Conclusions - Effects Characterization

Except for chronic tests with fi sh and aquatic invertebrates, a complete set of data are

available for both freshwater and marine/estuarine organisms. Based on the available

acute toxicity data, siduron is considered modera tely toxic to freshwater fish, and slightly

toxic to freshwater invertebrates, estu arine/marine fish and estuarine/marine

invertebrates. There are no av ailable studies on the effects of chronic exposure to aquatic

organisms. To address chronic risk to fish and a quatic invertebrates, toxicity data from

other phenylurea compounds was used to ex trapolate chronic t oxicity endpoints.

Siduron is classified as practically non-toxic to birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects and

mammals on an acute oral or dietary basis. The LOAEC for the most sensitive avian

reproduction study was for bobwhite quail (6250 mg a.i./kg diet) based on hatchling

weight and male body wei ght. The NOAEC was 2280 ppm.

Monocots were the most sensitive group of te rrestrial plants tested in the seedling

emergence tests which is consistent with its selective mode of action for monocots. The

most sensitive seedling emergence toxicity results were an EC 25 

### of 2.0 lb a.i./A for a

dicot (pea), and an EC 25 

### of 0.30 lb a.i./A for a monocot (onion). The seedling emergence

NOAEC values were 0.19 and 1.5 lb a.i./A fo r monocot and dicot respectively. For

vegetative vigor, the most sensitive EC 25 

### values were 0.18 lb a. i./A (monocot, onion) and

4.5 lb a.i./A (dicot, rape). The monocot NOAE C could not be determined. Therefore, an

EC 05 

### of 0.16 lb a.i./A was calcula ted. For dicot (rape), th e NOAEC is 1.5 lb a.i./A.



## D. Potential Risks to Non-target Organisms

The RQs for listed and non-listed monocots in upland and semi-aquatic habitats exposed

to combined runoff and spray drift exceed the Agency’s LOC of >1 for plants. The RQs

for monocots exposed to spray drift do not ex ceed the LOC, indicating the primary risk

driver is runoff. The RQs for listed a nd non-listed upland and semi-aquatic dicots

exposed to combined runoff and spray drift did not exceed the LOC.

RQs for aquatic fish and invertebrates exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC for listed or

non-listed species by a very small margin however , the probability of an individual effect

makes this risk negligible. Chronic toxicity data are not available for any aquatic taxon;

however the relative toxicity can be estimat ed by comparing available siduron toxicity

data to chronic toxicity data for other phenylurea compounds. This comparison indicated

the potential for risk from chronic exposure of fish and aquatic invertebrates to siduron.

Acute RQs were not calculated for mammals because there were no definitive acute

toxicity values. However, because there we re no mortality or subl ethal effects at the

highest levels tested and bot h dose-based and dietary-based exposure concentrations were

below these levels, no acute effects are expected. The chronic RQ exceeds the chronic

LOC (1) for all use Scenarios and food categories.

2

### Regarding listed species, the screening-level analysis shows the possibility of direct

effects to listed aquatic plants, terrestria l and semi-aquatic monocot plants, semi-aquatic

dicot plants, and insects. Effects to bi rds and mammals are expected for chronic

exposure but effects from acute exposure are un certain. For indirect effects, all other

taxa will be considered since there is a potential for indirect effects to taxa that might rely

on plants and/or mammals for some stage of th eir life-cycle. Theref ore, at this time, no

Federally listed taxa can be excluded from the potential for di rect and/or indirect effects

from the proposed uses of siduron (see Table 1 ). ‘Listed’ species are those which are

currently on the Federal list of endanger ed and threatened wildlife and plants.

Table 1 Listed Species Risk s Associated with Potential Direct or Indirect Effects

Due to the Proposed Applications of Siduron on Turf

LISTED TAXON DIRECT EFFECTS INDIRECT

EFFECTS

Terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants –

monocots Yes Yes 1



### Terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants -

dicots No Yes 1



### Insects Yes Yes 1



### Birds No acute

Yes Chronic (for two

uses) Yes 1



### Terrestrial phase amphibians No acute

Yes Chronic (for two

uses) Yes 1



### Reptiles No acute

Yes Chronic (for two

uses) Yes 1



### Mammals No Acute

Yes Chronic Yes 1



### Aquatic plants Yes Yes 1



### Freshwater fish Yes Yes 1



### Aquatic phase amphibians Yes Yes 1



### Freshwater crustaceans No acute

Yes chronic Yes 1



### Mollusks No acute

Yes chronic Yes 1



### Marine/estuarine fish No acute

Yes chronic Yes 1



### Marine/estuarine crustaceans Yes Yes 1

1 The non-listed LOC was exce eded for terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants. Therefore, the potential for



### 3adverse effects to those species that rely either on a specific plant or multiple plant species (specifically

terrestrial/semi-aquatic dicots) cannot be precluded. Indirect effects may include general habitat

modification, host plant loss, and food supply disruption.



## E. Uncertainties and Data Gaps

There is no evidence in laboratory studies of siduron degradation in aquatic

environments. As such, siduron was assume d stable in the model used to estimate

aquatic exposure concentrati ons. Since the surface water body used in modeling has no

outlet, there was accumulation of siduron in the system throughout the 30 year model

simulation. In the case of persistent co mpounds like siduron, a 1-in-10 year estimated

exposure concentration (EEC) does not reflect varying meteorological conditions that are

expected once every ten years, since the year ly peaks are not indepe ndent but are actually

correlated to the previous year’s peak concen tration. This results in acute and chronic

exposure concentrations that are very similar ( i.e. , < 2% difference between peak and 90-

day average EECs). Siduron c oncentrations in flowing wate r bodies are not expected to

accumulate from year to year because of downs tream dilution. Therefore, risk to aquatic

plants resulting from accumulation of siduron fr om multiple years of application is likely

to be overestimated in flowing water systems.

4

# II. PROBLEM FORMULATION

The purpose of the problem formulation is to provide the foundation for performance of

an ecological risk assessment of siduron in support of the reregistration eligibility

decision. It sets the objectives for the risk assessment, evaluate s the nature of the

problem, and provides a plan for obtaining and analyzing data a nd characterizing the risk.



## A. Stressor Source and Distribution

Siduron ( Figure 1 ) is an herbicide used to control warm-season grass in stands of coolseason grass, such as in lawns, on golf course s and on sod farms. It may be applied in

spring to newly planted grass or grass planted the previous fa ll, or to established turf.

Siduron is not and has never been registered for any food or feed uses. Siduron was first

registered in the early 1960’ s and was acquired by the Gowan Company in 1994 and they

remain the sole technical and manufacturi ng registrant. Other registrants include:

Bonide, Scotts, Value Gardens Supply, Le banon Seaboard, Volunt ary Purchasing Group,

Knox Fertilizer, United Industries, The Ande rsons, and Howard Johnson. For details on

each company’s labels, see APPENDIX J.

.

Figure 1 Siduron Structure



## 1. Source and Intensity

Siduron is registered for use to control annual gr assy weeds (such as crabgrass and water

grass) in stands of cool-seas on grass such as lawns, on golf courses, and on sod farms.

Siduron is used in all cool-season grass growi ng areas for crabgrass control, particularly

at seeding.

There are no registered mixture ( i.e. , multiple a.i.) siduron formulations. Single a.i.

formulations include granular, with a.i. ranging from 2.4% to 7.65% by weight, and

wettable powder, at 50% a.i. by weight. Label rates for esta blished grass are twice those

for new seedings. The maximum labeled applicat ion rates are 6 lb a.i./A when applied at

seeding and 12 lb a.i./A when applied to esta blished turf. Typical application rates are

very nearly the same as the maximum labe led application rates. There are no 24(c)

registrations for any siduron product.

5

### Siduron may be applied to newly planted grass in spring or late summer or applied in the

fall during reseeding or to established turf fo r overseeding applications. It is formulated

as a granular on a starter fer tilizer and is usually applied to bare ground during renovation

of an area using a spreader and immediatel y incorporated either mechanically or by

watering. The reseeded area, even if in established plantings, is protected from

disturbance for at least 6 weeks to allow the newly planted grass seeds to emerge.

Methods that are included on the label for all other uses include: Dry spreader application

with fertilizer on lawns for granular; and chemigation, ground spray, commercial

sprayers (sod farms) and hydroseeders (roadside s). Siduron is not a pplied by aircraft. A

summary of the maximum label a pplication rates is given in Table 2 . More detailed

information on siduron labels can be found in APPENDIX J.

Each Scenario in the table below will be referenced by number throughout the document.

All references to “Scenario #” in the Risk Characterization section are referring to those

described here. Scenario 1 is for application to established turf. It is applied once in the

spring and once again in the fall, at a rate of 12 lb a.i./A. A 180 day interval is assumed.

Scenario 2 is also for established turf and re fers to two applications , made in the spring,

four weeks apart, at a rate of 12 lb a.i./A. Scenario three describes two applications made

to bare ground at a rate of 6 lb a.i./A, with a thirty day interval . Finally, Scenario 4

represents a specialty applica tion. Siduron is applied to golf course tees and greens at a

rate of 22 lb a.i./A. It can be applied mu ltiple times throughout the season at four week

intervals. According to information provide d in the Use Closer Memo (March, 2007), six

applications per season are typical. Therefore, we assumed six applications at four week

intervals for this specialty use.

Table 2. Summary of the Maximum Labeled Uses

Scenario Use Form a 

### Rate

(lb a.i./acre) Apps b 

### Interval Timing

1 Established Turf WP, G 12 in the spring.

May be followed

by 12 lbs in the

Fall 1 or 2 N/A Spring

only or

Spring

then Fall

3 Established Turf WP, G 12lb followed by

12lb (4 weeks) 2 4 weeks Spring

2 Application to bare

ground – Sequential WP, G 6lb followed by

6lb (30 days later) 2 30 days Spring

4 Specialty Application

(Golf course tees and

greens) WP 22 6 c 4 weeks Spring



### a. Forms. WP: Wettable Powder; G: Granular

b. Apps: Number of applications (no maxi mum specified, but these are the values

used as model inputs)

c. As described as typical in th e use closure memo, March 2007

6

## 2. Physical/Chemical Fate and Transport Properties

Siduron is resistant to hydr olysis (MRID# 41050501), and phot olysis in water (MRID#

41811301) and on soil (MRID# 41811302). Siduron is also resistant to soil metabolism

under aerobic (half-life ranges from 617 to 694 days; MRID# 421596-01) and anaerobic

conditions (half-life = 365 days; MRID# 41618201). With K

oc 

### values ranging from 175

to 268 (MRID#41811303) siduron is expected to be mobile in soil; therefore, there is a

potential for siduron to reach ground and su rface water. Degradates have not been

adequately characterized in the laboratory studies and therefore their mobility is

unknown. Given that siduron degrades slowly under laboratory condi tions across a range

of degradation routes, environmental degradates are not expected to form in significant

quantities.



## 3. Pesticide Type, Class and Mode of Action

Siduron is a selective, systemic preemergence he rbicide. It is of the class of pesticides

known as phenylureas, which typically act to inhibit photosynthesis. Siduron’s mode of

action for target plants is un like other phenylurea herbicides and the exact mode of action

is not known. Rather than inhibiting photosynthesis, it inhibits some aspect of cell

division and is a root growth inhibitor, perhaps acting by mitosis disruption (Purdue

University, 2002 ).



## B. Receptors

Receptors are non-target organisms, whic h potentially could be exposed to siduron.

Based on the application met hods and potential use sites, broad taxonomic groups of

potential concern can be identified, which in clude the flora and fauna of terrestrial and

aquatic ecosystems in close proximity to si duron use sites. Aquatic animals of potential

concern include freshwater fish, aquatic invertebrates, a nd amphibians, and

estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates. Terre strial animals of potential concern include

birds, mammals, reptiles, and beneficial insects. Plants of potential concern include

terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants and a quatic vascular and n on-vascular plants.



## 1. Ecosystems Potentially at Risk

For siduron and pesticides in general, the eco systems at greatest risk are those in close

proximity to the use areas. Siduron is us ed throughout the country. While siduron is

limited to only a few specified uses, mainly home lawns, sod farms and golf courses,

7

### such sites are located in a variety of ecosystems. For example, golf courses may be

located near forested areas or share a bor der with wetlands. These use sites and their

surrounding terrestrial and aqua tic habitats may receive ch emical residues via drift,

volatilization, and/or runoff. Within water bodies, the water column, sediments, and pore

water are all compartments of concern.

Both residential lawns and golf courses will likely be in close proximity to similar

ecosystems and water features, even though th eir specific layouts will differ. However,

some of those differences can be critical:

y Golf courses will not have the same degree of impervious surfaces as residential areas

y Golf courses can be situated in a vari ety of settings, from being surrounded by

residential development to being surrounded by woodlands

y Golf courses are often engineered for drai nage, with water collected in 1 or a few

ponds, potentially for reuse. Stormwater drai nage systems in residential areas might

include detention/ retention ponds but may also include storm drains that pipe

runoff/contaminants away.

Surface waters are home to a variety of aquatic life, including animals such as fishes and

invertebrates as well as aquatic plants like algae. Surface waters also attract numerous

species of terrestrial wildlife. Song birds, waterfowl, frogs, deer, mice, and insects are

some of the wildlife presen t in these ecosystems.

Sod farms are likely to be more homogenous, possibly located near surface water sources

for irrigation, but may also use ground water for irrigation. Associat ed surface waters are

likely to be near the edges of use sites.

Consistent with the process described in the Overview of the Ecologi cal Risk Assessment

Process in the Office of Pe sticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,

January 2004 (Overview Document), this risk assessment uses a surrogate species

approach. Toxicological data generated from surrogate test species, that are intended to

be representative of broad taxonomic groups, ar e used to extrapolat e to potential effects

of siduron on a variety of species (receptors) included under these taxonomic groupings.

Acute toxicity data from registrant-submitted studies and open literature are used to

evaluate potential effects of si duron to the aquatic and terrestri al receptors identified in

this section. This evaluation can also provide insight into indirect effects of siduron on

biotic communities due to loss of species that are sensitive to the chemical and changes in

structure and functional characteris tics of the affected communities. Table 3 provides

examples of taxonomic groups and the surroga te species tested to help understand

potential ecological effects of siduron to these non-target ta xonomic groups.



## 2. Aquatic Effects

Aquatic receptors may be exposed to siduron via run-off and spray drift loading into

surface waters. As use sites may occur in lo cations adjacent or near estuarine/marine

8

### systems, receptors potentially include both freshwater and estuarine/marine aquatic

animals ( i.e ., fish and invertebrates, and aquatic-phase amphibians) and plants. Some

adverse effects have been observed in laboratory toxicity stud ies of fish, aquatic plants,

food crops, and aquatic invertebrates. Howeve r, the mechanism by which siduron acts to

induce adverse effects is unknown. Effects are de scribed in more detail in Appendix F of

this document.



## 3. Terrestrial Effects

Terrestrial receptors that may be exposed to siduron include terrestrial and semi-aquatic

wildlife ( i.e. , mammals, birds, reptiles, and terres trial-phase amphibian s) and terrestrial

plants. Because siduron is an herbicide, and designed to be toxic to plants, it is important

to evaluate the toxic effects to non-target plant species. A dverse effects to both monocots

and dicots were observed and more details a bout the studies can be found in the effects

section and Appendix A. Cool-season grasses are very tolerant to siduron while warmseason grasses are susceptible (see the use closure memo). Based on submitted studies,

siduron is practically non-toxic to birds, reptiles, amphibian s, and beneficial insects.

Table 3 Test Species Evaluated for Assessi ng Potential Ecologica l Effects of Siduron

and the Associated Acute Toxicity Classification

Taxonomic Group Example(s) of Surrogate Species Acute Toxicity Classification

Birds 1 Mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos )

Bobwhite ( Colinus virginianus ) Practically Non-toxic

Mammals Laboratory rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) Practically Non-toxic

Insects Honey bee ( Apis mellifera L. ) Practically Non-toxic

Freshwater fish 2 Bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus )

Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) Moderately Toxic

Freshwater invertebrates Water flea ( Daphnia magna ) Slightly Toxic to Practically NonToxic

Estuarine/marine fish Sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon

variegatues) Slightly Toxic

Estuarine/marine

invertebrates Mysid shrimp (Americamysis bahia)

Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica) Slightly Toxic

Terrestrial plants 3 Monocots – corn ( Zea mays )

Dicots – soybean ( Glycine max ) Not Applicable

Aquatic plants and algae Duckweed ( Lemna gibba )

Green algae ( Selenastrum

capricornutum ) Not Applicable

1 Birds represent surrogates for terrest rial-phase amphibians and reptiles.

2 Freshwater fish may be surroga tes for aquatic-phase amphibians.

3 Four species of two families of monocots, of which one is corn; six species of at least four dicot families, of which

one is soybeans.



### 9

## C. Assessment Endpoints

Assessment endpoints are intended to represent valued attributes of th e environment that,

if detrimentally altered, could pose a risk to the environment. The assessment endpoints

of this ecological risk assessment include terrestrial and aquatic animal and plant

mortality following acute exposure to si duron and terrestrial and aquatic animal

reproduction, growth and survival effects fr om chronic exposure to siduron. Surrogate

species are used to represent all freshwater fish (2000+) and bird (680+) species in the

United States. For mammals, acute studies ar e usually limited to the Norway rat or the

house mouse. Usually data from estuarine/ marine testing are limited to a crustacean, a

mollusk, and a fish. The assessment of risk or hazard makes the assumption that avian

toxicity is similar to terrestrial-phase am phibians and reptiles, unless more appropriate

data are available. The same assumption is made for fish and aquatic-phase amphibians.

The most sensitive toxicity endpoints are used from surrogate test species to estimate

treatment-related direct e ffects on mortality and reproduc tive and growth assessment

endpoints.

For terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants, the screening assessment endpoints for non-target

species (crops and non-crop pl ant species) ar e based on the emergence of seedlings and

vegetative vigor of annuals. Measures of e ffect for this assessment focus on impacts on

plant emergence and/or on active growth.

For aquatic plants, the assessment endpoint is the maintenance and growth of standing

crop or biomass. Measures of effect for this assessment focus on nonvascular ( e.g.

, algae) and vascular plant ( e.g. , duckweed, Lemna gibba ), growth rates and biomass

measurements.

The Agency acknowledges that pesticides have the potential to exer t indirect effects upon

listed organisms by, for example, perturbing fo rage or prey availa bility, altering the

extent of nesting habitat, a nd creating gaps in the food chai n. In conducting a screen for

indirect effects, the endpoints for each taxonomic group are used to make inferences

concerning the potential for indirect effects upon listed sp ecies that rely upon non-listed

organisms as resources critical to their life cycle.

Although all endpoints are measured at the i ndividual level, they can provide some

insight about the potential for adverse effects at higher leve ls of biological organization

( e.g . populations and communities). For exam ple, pesticide effects on individual

survivorship have important implications for both population rates and habitat carrying

capacity.



## D. Conceptual Model

A conceptual model provides a written desc ription and visual re presentation of the

predicted relationships between the pesticide (s tressor), potential rout es of exposure, and

the predicted effects for the assessment endpoint . The conceptual model consists of two

major components: the risk hypotheses and a diagram.

10

## 1. Rationale for Risk Hypothesis Selected

A risk hypothesis is a statement of the predic ted relationship between a chemical stressor

(such as siduron) and an assessment endpoint measure of effect. W ithin the context of

this assessment, the risk hypothesis takes into account elements necessary for pathways

of exposure to be completed, and makes assumptions and predictions about whether

completed exposure pathways could result in adverse effects upon receptors of ecological

interest.

An exposure pathway is the means by which a chemical of interest, such as siduron,

moves in the environment from a source to an ecological receptor. For an ecological

exposure pathway to be complete, there must be a source, a release mechanism, an

environmental transport medium, a point of e xposure for an ecological receptor (this is a

location), and a feasible route of exposure fo r the receptor (for example, oral, dermal, or

inhalation) at the exposure point. In additi on, potential mechanisms of transformation of

the chemical stressor must be understood, es pecially for a chemical whose degradation

products and metabolites are of greater toxi cological concern than the parent compound.

The latter concern is not valid for siduron.



## 2. Conceptual Diagram

For a pesticide to pose an ecological risk, it must reach ecological receptors in

toxicologically significant c oncentrations. An exposure pathway is the means by which

the pesticide moves in the environment from a source to reach the receptor. For an

ecological exposure pathway to be complete, it must have a source, a release mechanism,

an environmental transport medium, a point of exposure for ecologi cal receptors, and a

feasible route of exposure. The assessment of ecological exposure pathways, therefore,

includes an examination of the source and pot ential fate and transport pathways for the

pesticide, and the determination of potential exposure routes, ( e.g ., ingestion, inhalation,

and dermal contact).

Figure 2 depicts the potential exposure pathways a nd ecological risk concerns associated

with siduron applied by ground spray and Figure 3 depicts the same for granular

applications. The conceptual model generical ly depicts the potent ial source of siduron,

release mechanisms, abiotic receiving media, biological receptor types, and attribute

changes of potential concern and the measur ement endpoints used to evaluate them.

In order for a chemical to pose an ecologica l risk, it must reach ecological receptors in

biologically significan t concentrations. An exposure pathway is the means by which a

contaminant moves in the environment from a source to an ecological receptor. For an

ecological exposure pathway to be complete, it must have a source, a release mechanism,

an environmental transport medium, a point of exposure for ecologi cal receptors, and a

feasible route of exposure. The assessment of ecological exposure pathways, therefore,

includes an examination of the source and pot ential migration pathways for constituents,

11

### and the determination of potential exposure routes ( e.g ., ingestion, inhalation, and dermal

contact). Exposure to aquatic organisms and plants is expected from surface waters

contaminated with siduron from treated irriga tion water that flows into receiving rivers,

streams, or lakes (RUNOFF). Based on the use pattern for siduron, the main exposure

pathways for terrestrial organisms are dir ect exposure to siduron granules, foliar

deposition, and spray drift ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 ). In the figures below, the dashed line

represents the pathway of exposure via the food web. Because siduron does not

bioaccumulate, it is not expected cause secondary poisoning and therefore food chain

exposure is not of concern.

Stressor Siduron applied as a ground spray to newly seeded grass or established turf

Source/

Transport

Pathways Direct

Deposition Runoff/

Erosion Spray

drift Leaching

(Infiltration/

Percolation

Source/

Exposure

Media Terrestrial Food

Residues (foliage,

fruit, insects Surface Water

body Groundwater

Exposure

Route ingestion gill/integument

uptake and

contact

Receptors

Attribute

Changes Terrestrial Vertebrates

Birds, Mammals,

Reptiles, Terrestrial

Phase Amphibians

Individual Animals

Reduced survival

Reduced growth

Reduced reproduction Aquatic

Vertebrates and

Invertebrates

Individual vertebrates

and invertebrates

Reduced survival

Reduced growth

Reduced reproduction Upland and

Wetland Soils

contact/root

uptake

Upland and

Wetland Plants

Individual plants

Reduced seedling

emergence and

vegetative vigor contact/root

uptake

Aquatic

Plants

Reduced

Biomass Aquatic

Food Chain

bioaccumlation ingestion contact

Beneficial

Insects

Individual insects

Reduced survival Stressor Siduron applied as a ground spray to newly seeded grass or established turf

Source/

Transport

Pathways Direct

Deposition Runoff/

Erosion Spray

drift Leaching

(Infiltration/

Percolation

Source/

Exposure

Media Terrestrial Food

Residues (foliage,

fruit, insects Surface Water

body Groundwater

Exposure

Route ingestion gill/integument

uptake and

contact

Receptors

Attribute

Changes Terrestrial Vertebrates

Birds, Mammals,

Reptiles, Terrestrial

Phase Amphibians

Individual Animals

Reduced survival

Reduced growth

Reduced reproduction Aquatic

Vertebrates and

Invertebrates

Individual vertebrates

and invertebrates

Reduced survival

Reduced growth

Reduced reproduction Upland and

Wetland Soils

contact/root

uptake

Upland and

Wetland Plants

Individual plants

Reduced seedling

emergence and

vegetative vigor contact/root

uptake

Aquatic

Plants

Reduced

Biomass Aquatic

Food Chain

bioaccumlation ingestion contact

Beneficial

Insects

Individual insects

Reduced survival



### Figure 2 Conceptual Diagram of Exposure Pathways, Receptors, and Attribute

Changes for Evaluating Risk from Siduron Ground Spray Applications

12Stressor Siduron applied as a granular with lawn fertilizer spreader to newly seeded

grass or established turf

Source/

Transport

Pathways Direct

Deposition Runoff/

Erosion Leaching

(Infiltration/

Percolation

Source/

Exposure

Media Granules on soil and

thatch Surface Water

body Groundwater

Exposure

Route ingestion gill/integument

uptake and

contact

Receptors

Attribute

Changes Terrestrial Vertebrates

Birds, Mammals,

Reptiles, Terrestrial

Phase Amphibians

Individual Animals

Reduced survival

Reduced growth

Reduced reproduction Aquatic

Vertebrates and

Invertebrates

Individual vertebrates

and invertebrates

Reduced survival

Reduced growth

Reduced reproduction Upland and

Wetland Soils

contact/root

uptake

Upland and

Wetland Plants

Individual plants

Reduced seedling

emergence and

vegetative vigor contact/root

uptake

Aquatic

Plants

Reduced

Biomass Aquatic

Food Chain

bioaccumlation ingestion Stressor Siduron applied as a granular with lawn fertilizer spreader to newly seeded

grass or established turf

Source/

Transport

Pathways Direct

Deposition Runoff/

Erosion Leaching

(Infiltration/

Percolation

Source/

Exposure

Media Granules on soil and

thatch Surface Water

body Groundwater

Exposure

Route ingestion gill/integument

uptake and

contact

Receptors

Attribute

Changes Terrestrial Vertebrates

Birds, Mammals,

Reptiles, Terrestrial

Phase Amphibians

Individual Animals

Reduced survival

Reduced growth

Reduced reproduction Aquatic

Vertebrates and

Invertebrates

Individual vertebrates

and invertebrates

Reduced survival

Reduced growth

Reduced reproduction Upland and

Wetland Soils

contact/root

uptake

Upland and

Wetland Plants

Individual plants

Reduced seedling

emergence and

vegetative vigor contact/root

uptake

Aquatic

Plants

Reduced

Biomass Aquatic

Food Chain

bioaccumlation ingestion



### Figure 3 Conceptual Diagram of Exposure Pathways, Receptors, and Attribute

Changes for Evaluating Risk from Siduron Granular Applications



## 3. Risk Hypotheses

For siduron, the following ecological risk hypothesis is being empl oyed for this risk

assessment:

Non-target aquatic animals and plants and te rrestrial animals may be exposed to siduron

that is applied according to th e label to control weeds. Based on available information

regarding volatilization, persistence, and direct and indi rect toxicity, siduron has the

potential to compromise survival and repr oduction and cause sub-le thal effects in nontarget aquatic animals and plants, terrestri al mammals, birds, plants, and insects.



## E. Analysis Plan

This section describes the tool s and methods used to conduct the analysis of the pesticide

described in the analysis pl an for siduron. Each assessment endpoint requires one or

more measures of ecological effect, which are measurable changes in the attribute of an

assessment endpoint in response to a stressor , such as the Bobwhite quail acute oral LD 50



### . It also requires measures of exposure, whic h are the measures of stressor existence and

13

### movement in the environment and their cont act or co-occurrence with the assessment

endpoint. Examples include the maximum foliar residues on food items for birds.

This analysis plan identifies the appro ach, methods, specific models, information, and

data that will be used to estimate and eval uate risks from uses of siduron based on the

conceptual model and risk hypothese s described in Section II.D.



## 1. Measures of Exposure

Methods used to determine exposure concentrat ions of a pesticide in various media are

dependent on its environmental fate and physicochemical properties, the application

method, and the existence of reliable monitoring data that are consid ered representative

of the proposed use sites.

a. Estimating Exposure in Terrestrial Systems

For birds and mammals, the sc reening assessment of the terre strial dietary exposure route

for uptake of pesticide active ingredient assu mes that organisms are exposed to a single

pesticide residue level for both acute and chr onic exposure estimates. EECs in wildlife

food items focus on quantifying possible diet ary ingestion of residues on vegetative

matter and insects on the treated field as the highest residue level th at will occur from

siduron use per the label. EFED uses differe nt EECs for a variety of food substrates.

Those food substrates are: short grass, tall grass, broadleaf plants/sm insects, and

fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects. The EECs are based on a nomogram that relates food item

residues to pesticide application rate (Hoe rger and Kenaga (1972) as modified by

Fletcher et al. (1994)). The maximum Kenaga value represen ts residue levels present

immediately following chemical applicati on (day zero). The mean Kenaga value

represents mean residue levels present (c onsidering day 0 and day 100 residue levels).

The first tier nomogram uses the maximu m predicted residues immediately following

application. The residue con centrations are converted to a daily oral dose based on

fractions of body weight consumed daily as estimated from mammalian allometric

relationships in EPA’s Wildlife Exposur e Factors Handbook (1996). The EECs for birds

are adjusted based on food in -take and body weight differences, so that they are

comparable for a given weight class of anim al. In all screening-level assessments, the

organisms are assumed to consume 100% of their diet as one food type.

EFED used the TERRPLANT model to estimate (1) EECs from a single application only

and (2) risk from runoff to terre strial plants in areas adjacen t to the treated field (sheet

runoff), wetland areas (channelized runoff), a nd from spray drift. Input parameters and

assumptions from the model are included in Appendix E. EFED also used the T-REX

model to estimate (1) EECs for different food items for birds and mammals and (2)

dose/diet based risk to birds as well as dose based risk to mammals. These input

parameters may be seen in Appendix D.

14

### b. Estimating Exposure in Aquatic Systems

(1) Surface Water Concentration

For the siduron foliar use on golf course turf , ornamentals, and ornamental lawns, an

unlimited number of applications can be made, since the label does not specifically limit

the number of applications or specify a seasonal or annual ap plication rate. This makes it

difficult to assess the maximum amount of pesticide that could be present, since an

essentially infinite number of applications can be made. For the aquatic assessments, the

models used were PRZM/EXAMS. These mode ls were used to estimate acute (annual

instantaneous peak) and chr onic (21 and 60 day weighted average annual peaks for

aquatic invertebrates and fish, respectively) residue levels of the dissolved pesticide

active ingredient in surface water from runoff a nd spray drift. Inputs used for this model

are listed in Table 6

.



## 2. Measures of Effect

Consistent with EPA test guidelines, the regi strant has provided a suite of ecological

effect data that comply with good laborat ory testing requiremen ts. The endpoints are

typically derived from registrant-submitte d studies which have undergone review and

were classified as “acceptable” (conducted under guideline conditions and considered to

be scientifically va lid) or “supplemental” (conditions de viated from guidelines but the

results are considered to be scientifically va lid). For more details on study classification

system used and study guidelines, see USEPA (2004).

Assessment endpoints can also be derived fr om the open literature. Guidelines for

incorporation of open literatur e into ecological risk assessm ents are described in USEPA

(2004). Toxicity data from the open litera ture are identified via the ECOTOX search

engine, maintained by EPA/ORD. In order to be included in the ECOTOX database,

papers must meet several criteria (again, s ee USEPA 2004 for details). Data that pass the

ECOTOX screen are evaluated relative to the data provided by the registrant, and may be

incorporated qualitatively or quantitatively into the risk asse ssment. Specific studies may

warrant inclusion in the risk assessment when:

(1) Tested endpoints are more sensitiv e than those in registrant data;

(2) The test data are base d on under represented taxa;

(3) The data include ecol ogically relevant endpoints not normally evaluated in

registrant studies.

a. Listed (Endangered or Threatened) Species

The measures of effect used for non-listed animal species are same as the measures of

effect used for listed animal species ta xonomic groups. The measures of effect for

15

### terrestrial and aquatic plants are different for non-listed and listed species. For listed

terrestrial plants the measure of effect desired is the EC 05 

### or NOAEC for vegetative vigor

and the EC 05 

### or NOAEC for seedling emergence. Fo r aquatic plants, the measure of

effect preferred is the EC 05 

### or NOAEC for growth rate or biomass.

b. Incident Data Review

EPA maintains an incident database system (Ecological Incident Information System or

EIIS) to track and evaluate accidental kills a ssociated with pesticide use. The likelihood

that a particular pesticide caused the incident is classified as hi ghly probable, probable,

possible, or unlikely, based on the information c ontained in the incident report. If there

are incidents this information will be reviewed and consid ered in conjunction with the

degree to which the LOCs were exceeded in addition to information on sales, and use of

the pesticide, local use practi ces, and monitored levels in the environment to determine

whether the predicted effect base d on labeled use of the product, is likely to occur or not.

c. Data Gaps and Uncertainties

Chronic toxicity data for aquatic organism is not available through submitted studies or

through the ECOTOX database. Additionally, th ere are no submitted da ta on toxicity of

siduron to vascular aquatic plants.

There is minimal information on the fate of siduron degradates iden tified in laboratory

studies.



# III. ANALYSIS

A. Exposure Characterization

1. Environmental Fate and Transport Characterization

Siduron is soluble in water (22.3 mg/L), has a low vapor pressure (4.0 X 10 -9 

### Pa) and

low octonal-water part itioning coefficient ( K

ow 

### =0.431). Therefore, volatilization from

water and soil surfaces is not expected to be an important route of environmental

dissipation and bioaccumulation is unlikely. Siduron is stable to hydrolysis and

photolysis and to microbial degradation under aerobic conditions in soils. Siduron is

expected to be persistent and mobile (FAO classification) in the environment. Major

routes of dissipation include movement in soils and sediments, and dilution. Depending

on soil, site and meteorological conditions siduron may be tran sported off-site via runoff,

leaching and spray drift. Table 4 summarizes the environmental chemistry, fate and

transport properties of siduron. Further detail s on the environmental fate and transport

studies are found in APPENDIX B.

16

### Table 4. Summary of Environmental Chemis try, Fate and Transport Properties of

Siduron

PARAMETER VALUE REFERENCE/

COMMENTS

Selected Physical/Chemical Parameters

PC code 035509

CAS No. 1982-49-6

Chemical name Siduron

Chemical formula C 14 

### H 20 

### N 2 

### O

Molecular weight 232.3

Water solubility (20 °C) 22.3 MRID# 41277101



### Vapor pressure 4.0 X 10 -9 

### MRID# 41620601



### K OW 

### (log K OW 

### ) 0.431 http://www.ars.usda.gov

Persistence

Hydrolysis Stable (pH = 5, 7, 9) MRID# 41050501

Photolysis in water Stable MRID# 41811301

Photolysis in soil Stable MRID# 41811302

Soil

Texture Half-life (days) Study ID# 42159601

MRID# 43846701

Silt loam 694 Aerobic soil metabolism

Sandy loam 876

Anaerobic soil

metabolism 365 (days) MRID# 41618201

Mobility

Soil

Texture K d 

### n K

oc



### Silt loam 3.89 1.22 268

Sandy loam 1.49 1.15 175

Silty clay

loam 5.92 1.21 237 Batch equilibrium

Sandy loam 0.953 1.20 212 MRID# 4811303

Laboratory volatility NA Volatility not likely based

on low vapor pressure

Field Dissipation

Location Half-life (days)

California 64 Terrestrial field

dissipation

Wisconsin 48 MRID#42535801

Bioaccumulation

17

### REFERENCE/ PARAMETER VALUE COMMENTS

Bioconcentration factor,

in fish, BCF 6.8, 70.0, and 33.0 for edible, nonedible, and whole fish tissues,

respectively.

Depuration (50% within 1-3 days;

96-100% by day 10). MRID# 41811305

a. Degradation

Under aerobic conditions siduron degraded in 2 soils (silt loam, sandy loam) with

calculated half-lives ranging from 694- 876 days. Degradation products included

unidentified degradates present up to 5.8% and 8.1% of the ap plied in two tested soils,

respectively. A minor degradate (2-methyl cyclohexylamine) accounted for 2.1% of the

applied radioactivity. Under an aerobic soil condition, siduron is also stable, with a half

life of 365 days. Siduron does not photolyze on soil or in water and it is stable to

hydrolysis..

b. Mobility and Transport

Batch equilibrium studies resulted in organic carbon sorption coefficients (K

oc 

### ) ranging

from 175 to 268 ml/g

oc 

### . In a terrestrial field dissipation study, siduron showed variable

downward migration in the soil profile under bare soil conditions. In one study, siduron

leached to the 6-12 inch soil depth at the loam y sand site in California, and to the 12-18

inch depth at the sandy loam site in that st ate. Soil samples at depths below 18 inches

were not reported. Given its mobility and persistence characteristics, movement to

ground water may be possible.

c. Field Studies

Soil dissipation/accumulation of siduron unde r bare ground and cropped (turf) conditions

was studied in California and Wiscons in. Under bare ground conditions, siduron

dissipated from the upper 18-inches of so il with half-lives of 64 and 48 days,

respectively.

Siduron was detected (above LOQ) in samples analyzed for depths of 18 inches, and 36

inches soil depths in CA, and WI, respec tively. Siduron transformation products found in

aerobic soil metabolism study were no t tracked in these field studies.

d. Degradates

The primary degradate of siduron was an uni dentified degradate (unknown A) present up

18

### to 5.8% and 8.1% of the applie d radioactivity in two soils tested. The degradate (2-

methylcyclohexylamine) accounted for 2.1% of the applied radioactivity.

Unidentified minor degradates (at least six) were each present at ≤ 2.6% of the applied

radioactivity. Nonextractable residues r eached a maximum of 11.8% of the applied.

Evolved CO 2 

### reached a maximum of 5.8% of the appl ied radioactivity. Volatile organic

compounds were ranging be tween 0.1-0.2% of the a pplied radioactivity. The

unextractable residues are unc haracterized and it is uncerta in whether they consist of

degradates of risk concern or of parent siduron.



## 2. Measures of Aquatic Exposure

a. Aquatic Exposure Modeling

Tier II modeling for selected scenarios repr esenting labeled uses was used to generate

estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) . For Tier II, two models are used in

tandem: the Pesticide Root Zone Model, (PRZM, Carsel et al ., 1997) and the Exposure

Analysis Modeling System (EXAMS, Burns, 1997). PRZM (3.12 beta dated May 24,

2001) simulates fate and transport on th e agricultural field, and EXAMS (2.98.04, dated

July 18, 2002) simulates the fate and resul ting daily concentrati ons in the water body.

Simulations are carried out with the linkage program shell, PE4V01.pl (dated August 13,

2003), which incorporates the standard crop and orchard scenarios developed by EFED.

Simulations are run for multiple (usually 30) years, and the EECs represent peak values

that are expected once every ten years based on the thirty years of daily values generated

during the simulation. Additional information on these models can be found at:

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/index.htm

.

For aquatic endpoints, the exposure is estimate d for the maximum application pattern to a

10-ha field bordering a 1-ha pond, 2-m deep (20,000 m 3 

### ) with no outlet. Exposure

estimates generated using this standard pond ar e intended to represent a wide variety of

vulnerable water bodies.

OPP PRZM crop scenarios, which consist of location-specific soils, weather, and

cropping practices, were used in the simulati ons to represent labeled uses of siduron.

These scenarios were developed to repres ent high-end exposure sites in terms of

vulnerability to runoff and erosi on and subsequent off-site transport of pesticide. Siduron

is being registered for use on turf.

A summary of the crop scenarios used to esti mate siduron concentrations in the aquatic

systems for ecological risk assessment are listed in Table 5

.

Table 5 Summary of Crop Scenarios Used in Aquatic Exposure Modeling

19

### 20 Scenario Use Form a 

### Rate

(lb a.i./A) Apps b 

### Interval Timing

1 Established Turf WP, G 12 in the spring.

May be followed

by 12 lbs in the

Fall 1 or 2 N/A Spring

only or

Spring

then Fall

3 Established Turf WP, G 12lb followed by

12lb (4 weeks) 2 4 weeks Spring

2 Application to bare

ground – Sequential WP, G 6lb followed by

6lb (30 days later) 2 30 days Spring

4 Specialty Application

(Golf course tees and

greens) WP 22 6 c 4 weeks Spring



### a. Forms. WP: Wettable Powder; G: Granular

b. Apps: Number of applications (no maximum specified, but these are the

values used as model inputs)

c. As described as typical in the use closure memo

### PRZM/EXAMS modeling was done using the maximum label rate. Input pa rameters are listed

in Table 6 . Pesticide applications were simu lated as ground spray applications.

Golf course adjustment factors were used (G olf Course Adjustment Factors for Simulated

Aquatic Exposure Concentrations, December 7, 2005) to account for the area of golf courses

actually treated with siduron.

Modeling inputs were selected according to EF ED’s Input Parameter Guidance (USEPA, 2002).

An aerobic soil metabolism first order half-lives (the upper 90th percen tile confidence bound on

the mean), and the soil organic carbon partitioning coefficient (K

oc 

### ), the mean of four soils, were

used.

Table 6 Surface Water Exposure Inputs fo r PRZM/EXAMS for Siduron on Turf

Input variable (Units) Input value &

calculations Source of data

Crop name Turf EPA Reg. No. 10163-213-2217

application rate (lb a.i./acre) See Table 6 EPA Reg. No. 10163-213-2217

Max. No. of applications/year See Table 6 EPA Reg. No. 10163-213-2217

Application efficiency 0.99 Guidance for selecting Input Parameters in modeling

the environmental fat and transport of pesticides,

2002 4

.

Spray drift fraction 0.01 Guidance for selecting Input Parameters in modeling

the environmental fat and transport of pesticides,

2002.

Aerobic soil met. Half-life (d) 774 MRID# 42159601; Two values; took the 90 th

percentile; Guidance for selecting Input Parameters in

modeling the environmental fat and transport of

pesticides, 2002

K

oc (mL/g) 223 (avg) MRID# 41811303; Guidance for selecting Input

Parameters in modeling the environmental fat and

transport of pesticides, 2002.

Henry's Law Const. (atm.m 3 /mole) 0.69 X 10 -6 USDA Agricultural Research Service

Aerobic Aquatic half-life (d) 1548 No data available; aerobic soil met. Half-life X 2;

Guidance for selecting Input Parameters in modeling

the environmental fat and transport of pesticides,

2002.

Anaerobic Aquatic half-life (d) 730 No data available; Anaerobic soil metabolism half-life

X2; Guidance for selecting Input Parameters in

modeling the environmental fat and transport of

pesticides, 2002.

Aquatic Photolysis half-life (d) 0 MRID# 41811301. Stable.

Hydrolysis half-life (d) 0 MRID# 41050501. Stable

KPS (mL/g) 223 MRID# 41811303; Guidance for selecting Input

Parameters in modeling the environmental fat and

transport of pesticides, 2002.

MWT (g/mole) 232.3 

### MRID# 41933401Input variable (Units) Input value &

calculations Source of data

Solubility @ 25 0 C (mg/L) 22.3 

### MRID# 41277101

Vapor pressure (torr) 4.0 X 10 -9 

### MRID# 41620601



### The EECs listed in Table 7 reflect maximum 1-in-10 year surface water concentrations based on

the registered maximum application rate s for ground applications to turf (see APPENDIX C for

the output data from the FL turf, PA turf, and PA alfalfa scenarios).

Table 7 Tier II Surface Water 1-in10 Year EECs (ppb) of Siduron from Turf Use

Scenario

(PRZM scenario used) Use Peak 4 Day 21 Day

(chronic

inverts) 60 Day

(chronic

fish) 90 Day

1

(FLturf) 501 500 494 481 472

1

(PAturf) Established Turf

326 325 324 318 315

2

(FLturf) 477 475 471 461 455

2

(PAturf) Established Turf

373 372 367 359 353

3

(PAalfalfa) Application to bare

ground – Sequential 393 392 389 383 378

4

(FLturf) 139* 139 137 134 132

4

(PAturf) Specialty

Application (Golf

course tees and

greens) 113 113 112 111 110

*: EECs were multiplied by recommended golf course adjustment factors (0.05) for tees and greens.



### b. Aquatic Exposure Monitoring and Field Data

The EFED currently has limited monitoring data on the concentrations of siduron in surface

water. The registrant (Gowan) submitted a summ ary of such data in a report dated March 14,

2007 (MRID# 47081601) (A Summary of Water Quality Monitoring Studies; Detections of

Siduron in Ground Water and Surface Water). In formation was reviewed from the USGS

National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Progr am’s database, OPP’s Pesticides in Ground

Water Database (PGWDB), California Department of Pesticide Regulation’s (DPR) Surface

Water Database, and California DPR’s Well Inve ntory Database (WIDB). In addition, the scope

of this report includes peer-reviewed literature survey as well as water quality monitoring studies

that were conducted for the registrant.

22

### Relevant analytical results f ound in all four databases, one unpublished study conducted by the

registrant, and five studies published in the pe er-reviewed literature include 7,757 samples from

20 states. Results showed that Minimum Repor ting Level (MRLs)/ practical quantitation limit

PQLs were low – they ranged from 0.0084 ug/L to 0.5 ug/L, and they were typically less than 0.1

ug/L. Only two of the eleven studies/databa ses report any siduron detections. Siduron was

reported in four samples; twice at 0.010 ug/L (s lightly above the detection limit) in Colorado,

and twice at 0.093 ug/L (at the detection limit) in selected water supply reservoirs.

Even though some of the surface water monitori ng data have been collected from sites

considered to be typical for use areas, the fr equency of sampling and the length of sampling

period were not sufficient to re present the temporal and spatia l requirements for regulatory

purposes. Thus, modeling for water concentrati ons was conducted to augment the monitoring

data.



## 3. Measures of Terr estrial Exposure

a. Terrestrial Exposure Modeling

Terrestrial exposure for animals is estimated by calculating the expected environmental

concentration (EEC) based on body size and diet ary items. While the dose-based EECs are

compared to a weight adjusted LD 50 

### value based on food requirements, the dietary EECs are not

adjusted for weight. Using TREX, the dietary and dose-based EECs for birds and mammals are

calculated for each use scenario. Four applica tion scenarios, as described in the Problem

Formulation ( Table 2 Table 2. Summary of the Maximum Labeled Uses ) were modeled using

TREX.

The dietary exposure values are presented in Table 8 , dose based avian EECs in Table 9 , and

dose based mammalian EECs in Table 10 . The dietary exposure values will be used to calculate

risk to birds, mammals and terrestrial insects. The EECs range from 137 ppm (Scenario 1) up to

11, 959 ppm (Scenario 4).

Table 8 Dietary-Based EECs (ppm) for Each Use Scenario, as Calculated by TREX

Dietary Item (parts per

million) Scenario 1

(12 in the spring.

May be followed

by 12 lbs in the

Fall) Scenario 2

(2 Apps at 12lb

a.i./A, 4 week

interval) Scenario 3

2 App at 6 lbs

a.i./A, 30 d

interval Scenario 4

(22 lbs a.i./A, 6

application 4 week

interval)

Short Grass 2,962 4,534 2,192 11,959

Tall Grass 1,357 2,078 1,005 5,481

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 1,666 2,550 1,233 6,727

Fruits/pods/ seeds/lg insects 185.1 283.4 137 747

App = application



### 23

### Dosed-based EECs will be compared to the weight adjusted LD 50 

### ’s in the Risk Estimation

section of this document. These adjusted toxi city values are included in the table below for

reference. The table displays the EECs by applic ation scenario (1 through 4), dietary item (e.g.

short grass), and animal size (small, medium, and la rge). For the same scenario and dietary item,

the EEC is lowest for the largest animal because it requires the highest food intake.

Table 9 Avian Dose-based EECs (mg/kg-bw/d) for Each Use Scenario

Dose-based Siduron (mg/kg-bw/d)

By Avian Class and Body Weights Dietary Items

Small (20g) Mid (100g) Large (1000g)

Scenario 1 (12 lb a.i./A spring, 12 lb a.i./A fall) LD 50 >1621 LD 50 >2064 LD 50 >2915



### Short Grass 3373 1923 861.1

Tall Grass 1546 881.5 394.7

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 1897 1082 484

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 210.8 120.2 53.8

Scenario 2 (2 apps,12 pounds a.i./A, 4 week interval) LD 50 >1621 LD 50 >2064 LD 50 >2915



### Short Grass 5163.92 2944.68 1318.37



### Tall Grass 2366.79 1349.65 604.25



### Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 2904.70 1656.38 741.59



### Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 322.74 184.04 82.40



### Scenario 3 (2 appls, 6 pounds a.i./A, 4 week interval) LD 50 >1621 LD 50 >2064 LD 50 >2915



### Short Grass 2545.38 1451.48 649.85



### Tall Grass 1166.63 665.26 297.85



### Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 1431.78 816.46 365.54



### Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 159.09 90.72 40.62



### Scenario 4 (22 lbs a.i./acre, 30 day interval, 6 Applications) LD 50 >1621 LD 50 >2064 LD 50 >2915



### Short Grass 13620.39 7766.92 3477.35



### Tall Grass 6242.68 3559.84 1593.79



### Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 7661.47 4368.89 1956.01



### Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 851.27 485.43 217.33



### Table 10 Mammalian Dose-based EECs (ppm) for Each Use Scenario

Dose-Based Siduron Levels (mg/kg-bw/d)

By Mammalian Class and Body weight Dietary Items

Herbivores/ insectivores Granivores



### 24Dose-Based Siduron Levels (mg/kg-bw/d)

By Mammalian Class and Body weight Dietary Items

Herbivores/ insectivores Granivores

Scenario 1 (12 lb a.i./A spring, 12 lb a.i./A fall) 15 g 35 g 1000 g 15 g 35 g 1000 g

Short Grass 2823.58 1951.47 452.46

-- -- --

Tall Grass 1294.14 894.42 207.38

-- -- --

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 1588.26 1097.70 254.51

-- -- --

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 176.47 121.97 28.28 39.22 27.10 6.28

Scenario 2 (2 apps,12 pounds a.i./A, 4 week interval)

Short Grass 4322.94 2987.73 692.72

-- -- --

Tall Grass 1981.35 1369.38 317.49

-- -- --

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 2431.65 1680.60 389.65

-- -- --

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 270.18 186.73 43.29 60.04 41.50 9.62

Scenario 3 (2 appls, 6 pounds a.i./A, 4 week

interval)

Short Grass 2130.85 1472.70 341.45

-- -- --

Tall Grass 976.64 674.99 156.50

-- -- --

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 1198.60 828.39 192.07

-- -- --

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 133.18 92.04 21.34 29.60 20.45 4.74

Scenario 4 (22 lbs a.i./acre, 30 day interval, 6

Applications)

Short Grass 11402.23 7880.47 1827.11

-- -- --

Tall Grass 5226.02 3611.88 837.43

-- -- --

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 6413.75 4432.76 1027.75

-- -- --

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 712.64 492.53 114.19 158.36 109.45 25.38



### TerrPlant EEC modeling results for exposure of off- site terrestrial plants in dry upland areas and

in low-lying semi-aquatic areas are presented in Table 12 for lower and upper bound application

rates. Model inputs are shown in Table 11

.

Table 11 Inputs for TerrPlant Model

Input Parameter Symbol Value Units

Chemical Name Siduron

PC code 35509

Use Sod, Golf Courses, Lawn

Application Method Spray

Application Form Wettable Powder

Solubility in Water (ppm) 22.3

25

### Input Parameter Symbol Value Units

Application Rate A 12, 22, 24, 132 lb a.i/acre

Incorporation I 1 none

Runoff Fraction R 0.02 none

Drift Fraction D 0.01 none

The table below shows the EECs for one a pplication of 12 pounds. The resulting EEC of

TerrPlant modeling of the other application scenarios is in APPENDIX D: Input Parameters and

Results from T-REX and Terrplant

.

Siduron is a persistent chemical. Two applica tions, four weeks apart may be expected to

accumulate. Therefore, an application of 12 lbs a.i./A could represent one application at 12 lbs

a.i./A, or could be used to help characterize the risk from two app lications at 6lbs a.i./A. Also

modeled were 24 lbs (representative of two applications at 12 lb s a.i./A), 22 lbs a.i./A and 132

lbs a.i./A (representative of six applications at 22lbs a.i./a).

Table 12 Siduron Loading EECs to Offsite Soil from Runoff and Spray Drift and Spray

Drift Loading after 12lbs a.i./acre application

Description EEC (lbs a.i./A)

Runoff to dry areas 0.44

Runoff to semi-aquatic areas 4.4

Spray drift 0.22

Total for dry areas 0.66

Total for semi-aquatic areas 4.62



## B. Ecological Effects Characterization

In ecological risk assessments supporting Rere gistration Eligibility Decisions, the effects

characterization describes the types of effects a pesticide can have on aquatic or terrestrial

organisms. This characterization is based on registrant-submitted studies and comparable

scientifically sound public literat ure that describe informati on regarding acute and chronic

toxicity effects for various aquatic and terrestrial animals. Appendix F summarizes in detail the

results of the registrant-submitted toxicity studies used to characterize effects for this risk

assessment. A search of the open literature for effects of siduron on animals and plants were

performed according to the Agency’s guidance (USEPA, 2004). Available data in the open

literature were screened using a check list for ecological toxicity data outlined by EPA (USEPA,

2004) and developed in conjuncti on with the Services. Public literature studies with

measurement endpoints commensurate with gui deline studies, maintaining proper organism

survival in a control treatment, testing only with healthy, unstressed organisms, and using

appropriate testing procedures. Results from studies, where the te st descriptions did not contain

sufficient information to evaluate these fundamental s, were not used. Open literature studies are

summarized in Appendix A. These studies were not included for one or more reasons such as

the measurement endpoint was not one needed fo r risk calculations (i.e ., did not meet data

26

### quality objectives identified in the problem formulation such as wrong exposure duration),

contained insufficient information to use the value quantitatively, or contained guideline

deviations or problems that also limited us e within characterizing risk or effects.

Based on the available data, siduron is classified as moderately toxic to freshwater fish, slightly

toxic to freshwater invertebrates, estuarine/mari ne fish and estuarine/marine invertebrates, and

practically non-toxic to freshwater non-vascular plants. Siduron is also classified as practically

non-toxic to birds, reptiles, terrestrial-phase am phibians, insects and mammals on an acute basis.

Monocots were the most sensitive group of terrest rial plants tested in seedling emergence and

studies. Detailed Effects Tables ar e included in the effects analysis section below, with separate

tables for each taxa which include the specifi c measurement endpoint values selected from

available data.



## 1. Evaluation and Selection of Aq uatic and Terrestr ial Effect Studies

a. Aquatic Effects Characterization

The acute toxicity of siduron was tested in two species of freshwat er fish: rainbow trout

( Oncorhychus mykiss ) and bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus ), one freshwater invertebrate

( Daphnia magna ), one estuarine/marine fish: sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinodon variegates ), an

estuarine/marine mollusk: Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ), and a crustacean: Mysid

shrimp ( Mysidopsis bahia ). No aquatic chronic toxicity tests were submitted and none were

found in the open literature.

Aquatic toxicity data for other phenylurea herbicides were used to extrapolate toxicity endpoint

values for chronic effects to freshwater and marine /estuarine fish and invertebrates. Because the

siduron aquatic toxicity data was insufficient to evaluate chronic risks, other phenylurea

herbicide toxicity data were us ed to provide a rough estimate of the chronic toxicity of siduron.

Additionally, phenylurea herbicide toxicity data for aquatic plants was used to provide

supplemental characterization of risk estimates for the incomplete aquatic plant data set.

(1) Freshwater

The acute toxicity test for the waterflea, Daphnia magna, (MRID: 433245-02) resulted in a 48-hr

EC 50 

### >13,700 ppb a.i., the highest tested concen tration in the study. At 24 hours at

concentrations at and above11,600 ppb a.i., daphni d were observed to be lethargic and by 48

hours those still alive appeared entangled.

Technical grade a.i. 96-h LC 50 

### test results with freshwater fish ranged from 8,100 ppb for

rainbow trout to 15,000 ppb for bluegill sunfish. The most sensitive 96-hr LC 50 

### value reported

for fish was a rainbow trout (MRID: 433245-01) value of 8,100 ppb a.i. The acute 96-hr NOEC

was considered to be 2,590 ppb a.i. since no mortal ity or sublethal effect s were observed at or

below this concentration. The probit slope of the dose-response curve was 5.63. Ten fish per

test container, one container per treatment level, were exposed to siduron at 1560, 2590, 4320,

27

### 7200, 12,000 and 20,000 ppb a.i. Table 13 below summarizes all the freshwater vertebrate and

invertabrate data used for calculating RQ’s.

Table 13 Summary of Specific Measurement Endpoint Values Se lected to Calculate RQs to

Evaluate Risk for the Associated Freshw ater Aquatic Animal Assessment Endpoints

Selected Measurement Endpoint Value and Source

Assessment

Endpoint Measurement

Endpoint Species Study

Duration Toxicity

Value Most Sensitive

Endpoint Source and

Study

Classification

Most sensitive acute

freshwater fish or

amphibian LC 50 Rainbow trout

( Oncorhynchu

s mykiss ) 96 hr LC 50 8,100 ppb a.i. Mortality (probit

slope 5.6) 433245-01

Acceptable Survival and

reproduction

of freshwater

vertebrates

(fishes, etc) Most sensitive

freshwater fish or

amphibian early life

stage or life cycle

NOAEC Extrapolated

Rainbow

trout Not

applicable 15 ppb a.i. Extrapolated

NOAEC for fish

early life stage

endpoints (ACR

538) See section

III.B.1.a.(1.)

Most sensitive acute

freshwater

invertebrate LC 50

(or EC 50 ) Water flea,

( Daphnia

magna ) 48 hr EC 50 >13,700 ppb

a.i. Immobilization

and mortality

(no mortality

observed at and

below 7,170 ppb

a.i.) 433245-02

Acceptable Survival and

reproduction

of freshwater

invertebrates

Most sensitive

aquatic invertebrate

life cycle NOAEC Most

sensitive

phenylurea

herbicide

(diuron) D.

magna 21 day 6 ppb a.i. reproduction See section

III.B.1.a.(1)



### Phenylurea herbicides with both an acute 96-hr LC 50 

### value and fish early life stage NOAEC for

the same freshwater fish species are tabulated in Table 14 and for marine fish species in Table

15 . Additionally, freshwater fish data for tebuthiuron, a substituted diazolyluron urea herbicide,

were included as one of a limited number of substituted ureas with both acute and chronic

toxicity data. Acute- to-chronic ratio (ACR) values ranged from 5.5 to 538 for freshwater fish

and from 2.5 to >17 for marine/estuarine fish..

The more toxic of the substituted urea herbicid es were linuron and diuron, which each have only

a single ring structure on a nitrogen rather than two ring structur es like tebuthiuron and

thidiazuron, and have two chlorines on the phe nyl ring (Appendix G). Siduron like tebuthiuron

and thidiazuron, have two ring st ructures attached to nitrogens and no chlorine on the phenyl

ring. A large ACR is not unusual where the mode of action for chronic effects differ from the

acute, especially if metabolic activation is involve d. Based on this toxicity pattern and several of

the ACR values being non-defi nitve but large, the diuron A CR (538) for the Fathead minnow

was used as a conservative ACR factor for extrapolating a siduron early life stage NOAEC

(NOAEC = 96-h LC 50 

### /ACR = 8100/538 = 15 ppb a.i.) from the most acutely sensitive siduron

rainbow trout result.

28

### Table 14 Phenylurea Herbicide 96-h Acute LC 50 

### , Freshwater Fish Early Life Stage

NOAEC Values, and ACR

Acute Test Results Early Life Stage Test Results

Phenylurea

Herbicide Test

Species Acute

96-h

LC 50 (ppb) Study

Conditions and

Classification

(a) Acute

Value

Source

(MRID or

Acc) Study

Conditins

and

Classificatin

(b) Study

Duration

(days) NOAEC

[LOAEC]

(ppb) Chronic

Value

Source

(MRID or

Acc) ACR

diuron Fathead

minnow, P.

promelas 14,200 age N.R., S,

98.6% a.i.,

Supplemental 00141636 S, 98.6%,

Acceptable 60 26.4

[61.8] 001416-36 538

linuron Rainbow

trout, O.

mykiss 3,000 0.77 g, S, 96.2%

a.i., Acceptable 404455-01 F, 98.4%,

Supplemental 80 <42

[NA] 420618-04 >71

Tebuthiuron Fathead

minnow, P.

promelas >180,000 Juv, S, 98% a.i.,

Supplemental 00041685 F, 98% a.i.,

Acceptable 28 9,300

[18,000] 00090084 >19

Tebuthiuron Rainbow

trout, O.

mykiss 143,000 age N.R., S,

98% a.i.,

Acceptable 00020661 F, 98% a.i.,

Acceptable 45 26,000

[52,000] 00090083 5.5

Thidiazuron Fathead

minnow, P.

promelas -- -- -- F, 99.3% a.i.,

Acceptable 35 5,700

[>5,700] 422703-01

--

(a) age or size – N.R = not reported, Juv = juvenile; test type – S = static; purity; study classification

(b) test type – S = static, F = flow-through; study classification



### Table 15 Phenylurea Herbicide 96-h Acute LC 50 

### , Marine Fish Early Life Stage NOAEC,

and ACR

Acute Toxicity Results Fish Early Life Stage Results

Phenylurea

Herbicide Test

Species Acute

96-h

LC 50 (ppb) Study

Conditions and

Classification

(a) Acute

Value

Source

(MRID

and Acc) Study

Conditions

and

Classification

(b) Study

Duration

(days) NOAEC

[LOAEC]

(ppb) Chronic

Value

Source

(MRID

and Acc) ACR

diuron Sheepshead

minnow, C.

variegatus 6700 age N.R., S,

99% a.i.,

Acceptable 414188-03 F, 96.8% a.i.,

Supplemental,

38 days 60 <440

[ nd] 423129-01 >15

linuron Sheepshead

minnow, C.

variegatus 890 0.20 g, S, 98.4%

a.i., Acceptable 420618-01 F, 98.4% a.i.,

Supplemental,

35 days 80 357

[766] 439965-02 2.5

(a) age or size – N.R = not reported, Juv = juvenile; test type – S = static; purity; study classification

(b) test type – S = static, F = flow-through; study classification



### 29

### Because there were no reproduction NOAEC for the freshwater invertebrate, D. magna, a value

was extrapolated using other phenylurea herbicide toxicity data. Phenylurea herbicides with

acute D. magna 48-hr EC 50 

### immobilization values and/or chronic reproduction NOAEC are

tabulated in Table 16 . Other aquatic invertebrate phenyl urea herbicide values were also

calculated for the estuarine/marine mysid. The mysid acute 96-h LC 50 

### values and/or life cycle

NOAEC values and calculated A CR values are tabulated in Table 17 . Excluding the ACR of 0.9

which is not appropriate (i.e., level which eff ects 50% survival should not be lower than the

reproduction NOAEC), the ACR values ranged from 2.1 to 1,400 for D. magna and from 4.1 to

>11 for A. bahia . Because there is no definitive D. magna acute 48-h EC 50 

### value (i.e., >13,700

ppb) an ACR approach could not be used to extrapolate a reproductive NOAEC. Based on the

sensitivity pattern of D. magna to siduron and these other ph enylureas and the range in

reproduction NOAEC values (6 to 21,800 ppb), the lowest phenylurea D. magna reproduction

value of 6 ppb was used for siduron as a conservativ e estimate of its reproductive effect level.

Table 16 Phenylurea herbicide D. magna Acute 48-h EC 50 

### , Reproduction NOAEC, and

ACR Values

Acute Toxicity Results Reproduction Study Results

Phenylurea

Herbicide Test

Species Acute

48-h

EC 50 (ppb) Study

Conditions

and

Classification

(a) Acute

Value

Source

(MRID

and Acc) Study

Conditions

and

Classification

(b) Study

Duration

(days) NOAEC

[LOAEC]

(ppb) Chronic

Value

Source

(MRID

and Acc) ACR

diuron Water

flea, D.

magna 8,400 age N.R., S,

80% a.i.,

Acceptable 420460-03 S, 98.2% a.i.,

Supplemental 21 d 6

[200] TN 2418 1400

diuron Water

flea, D.

magna 1,400 1st inst, S,

95% a.i.,

Acceptable 400946-02 S, 98.2% a.i.,

Supplemental 21 d 6

[200] TN 2418 233

linuron Water

flea, D.

magna 270 1 st instar, S,

95.1% a.i.,

Acceptable 400980-01 S, 98.4% a.i.,

Acceptable 21 d 130

[240] 421534-01 2.1

Linuron Water

flea, D.

magna 120 1st-inst, S,

94.4% a.i.,

Acceptable 258300,

00142932 S, 98.4% a.i.,

Acceptable 21 d 130

[240] 421534-01 0.9

linuron Water

flea, D.

magna 1,910 <24 h, S,

98.4% a.i.,

Acceptable 439965-01 S, 98.4% a.i.,

Acceptable 21 d 130

[240] 421534-01 15

metobenzuron Water

flea, D.

magna -- -- -- F, 98.3% a.i. 21 d 23

[54] 419650-20

--

tebuthiuron Water

flea, D.

magna 297,000 <10-h; S,

99.2% a.i.,

Acceptable 00041694 SR, 97.4%

a.i.,

Acceptable 21 d 21,800

[44,200] 00138700 14

thidiazuron Water

flea, D.

magna 10,000 <24-h; S;

98.4%;

Acceptable ACC09981 F, 99.3% a.i.,

Acceptable 21 d <100 430752-01 >100

thidiazuron Water

flea, D.

magna 5,700 <24 h, S,

99.5% a.i.,

Acceptable 462035-03 F, 99.3% a.i.,

Supplemental 21 d <100 421320-02 >57



### 30(a) age or size – N.R = not reported; test type – S = static; purity; study classification

(b) test type – S = static, F = flow-through; study classification



### Table 17 Phenylurea herbicide A. bahia Acute 96-h LC 50 

### , Reproduction NOAEC, and

ACR Values

Acute Toxicity Results Life Cycle Results

Phenylurea

Herbi-cide Test

Species Acute

96-h

LC 50 (ppb) Study

Conditions

and

Classification

(a) Acute

Value

Source

(MRID

and Acc) Study

Conditions

and

Classification

(b) Study

Duration

(days) NOAEC

[LOAEC]

(ppb) Chronic

Value

Source

(MRID

and Acc) ACR

diuron Mysid, A.

bahia 1,100 0.12 g, S,

99% a.i.,

Supplemental 414188-01 S, 96.8% a.i.,

28-d,

Acceptable 28 d 270

[560] 425006-01 4.1

fluometuron Mysid, A.

bahia 3,800 age 24 hr, F,

97.5% a.i.,

Acceptable 425685-01

-- -- -- -- --

fluometuron Mysid, A.

bahia 6,800 age N.R., F,

97.2% a.i.,

Acceptable 424980-06

-- -- -- -- --

linuron Mysid, A.

bahia 3,300 <24 h, S,

98.4% a.i.,

Acceptable 420618-03 F, 98.4% a.i.,

28-d,

Acceptable 28 d <297 439965-03 >11

thidiazuron Mysid, A.

bahia 3,200 age 96 hr, S,

99.3% a.i.,

Acceptable -- -- -- -- -- --

(a) age or size – N.R = not reported; test type – S = static, F = flowthrough; purity; study classification

(b) test type – S = static, F = flow-through; study classification



### (2) Estuarine/Marine

One marine fish acute study was submitted, th e test species was the Sheepshead minnow

( Cyprinodon variegates ). The 96-hour LC 50 

### value for sheepshead minnow (MRID: 433279-02)

was 12,300 ppb, indicating that siduron is slightly toxic to estuarine/marine fish upon acute

exposure. The acute 96-h NOAEC was 6,300 ppb a.i. since no mortality or sublethal effects

were observed at or below this concentration. The probit slope of th e dose-response curve was

7.3. Ten fish per test container, one container per treatment leve l, were exposed to siduron at

1,560, 2,590, 4,320, 7,200, 12,000 and 20,000 ppb a.i. Surviving fish exposed at the two highest

treatment levels demonstrated si gns of toxicity which included complete loss of equilibrium,

dark coloration, and erratic swimming.

Two estuarine/marine acute invertebratre tests were submitted, a 96-h lethality study with the

mysid shrimp ( Amercamsis bahia ) and a 48-h embryo/larval st udy with the Eastern oyster

( Crassostrea virginica ). The acute toxicity test with the mysid shrimp (MRID: 458683-01)

resulted in an 96-hour LC 50 

### of 6,500 ppb, with 95% confidence limits of 5,300 and 7,800 ppb a.i.

The study followed the guideline except that the total organic carbon was slightly higher than

31

### specified. This increase in organic carbon ma y have affected the bioavailability of the

compound, thus underestimating the toxicity. Mort ality of the mysids exposed for 96 hours to

siduron ranged from 0 percent at concentrations less than or equal to 2,200 ppb a.i. to 75% at

9,200 ppb a.i.. The probit slope of the dose-response curve is 4.8.

For the Eastern oyster (MRID: 43385401), the larvae were exposed to measured concentrations

of 1,250, 1,660, 3,730, 6,740, 10,600, and 10,800 ppb a.i. The larvae exposed to 10,800 ppb a.i.

had greater normal development than the control. The 48-h EC 50 

### was estimated to be greater

than 10,800 ppb a.i., which classifies siduron technical as no more th an slightly toxic to Eastern

oyster larvae. The 48-h NOAEC was 10,800 ppb a.i.

Based on these submitted studies, siduron is classified as slightly toxic to fish and invertebrates

on an acute exposure basis. For invertebrates, there were few or no mo rtalities or sublethal

effects at the highest tr eatment levels tested in the acute studies ( i.e., the LC 50 

### endpoints are

‘greater than’ values). These ‘greater than’ endpoints were no t used to calculate RQ values;

however, they are used to help characterize the ri sk in the ‘Risk Descript ion’ section of this

assessment.

There were only two phenylurea herb icides with both an acute 96-h LC 50 

### and a fish early life

stage NOAEC for the same marine fish species. The ACR values for these two studies were 2.5

and >17 ( Table 15 ). ACR values for freshwater fish ranged from 5.5 to 583 ( Table 14 ). The

ACR value of 583 was used to extrapolate a conservative ea rly life stage sheepshead minnow

NOAEC (NOAEC = 96-hr LC 50 

### /ACR = 12,300/583 = 23 ppb a.i.) using the siduron sheepshead

minnow acute value.

There were only two phenylurea herb icides with both an acute 96-h LC 50 

### and a life cylce

NOAEC for the estuarine/marine invertebrate A. bahia . The ACR values for these two studies

were 4.1 and >11 ( Table 17 ). The range of ACR values for other aquatic invertebrates, D.

magna , ranged from 2.1 to 1400 (excluding the scient ifically unsound ACR of 0.9). The most

sensitive aquatic invertebrate value of 1400 wa s used to extrapolate a mysid life cycle NOAEC

siduron using the siduro n mysid acute 96-h LC 50 

### (mysid life cyle NOAEC = 96-h LC 50 

### /NOAEC

= 6500/1400 = 4.6 ppb).

Table 18 summarizes all the estuarine/marine vert ebrate and invertabrate data used for

calculating RQ values.

32

### Table 18. Summary of Specific Measurement Endpoint Values Selected to Calculate RQs

to Evaluate Risk for the A ssociated Estuarine/Marine An imal Assessment Endpoints

Selected Measurement Endpoint Value and Source

Assessment

Endpoint Measurement

Endpoint Species Study

Duration Toxicity

Value Most Sensitive

Endpoint Source and

Study

Classification

Most sensitve acute

marine/ estuarine

vertebrate LC 50 Sheepshead

minnow

( Cyprinodon

variegatus ) 96 hr 12,300 ppb

a.i. Mortality

(probit slope =7.3) 433279-02

Acceptable Surivial and

reproduction

of marine/

estuarine

vertebrates

(fishes, etc) Most sensitive

marine/estuarine fish

early life stage or

life cycle NOAEC Extrapolated

Sheepshead

minnow Not

applicable 23 ppb a.i. Extrapolated

NOAEC for fish

early life stage

endpoint See section

III.B.1.a.(2)

Most sensitive

marine/estuarine

acute mollusk shell

deposition or

embryo larval EC 50 Eastern oyster

( Crassostrea

virginica )

embryo larval

study 48 hr >10,800

ppb a.i. Mortality and

incomplete and

abnormal shell

development 433854-01

Acceptable

Most sensitive

marine/estuarine

acute invertebrate

LC 50 Mysids

( Mysidopsis

bahia ) 96 hour 6500 ppb

a.i. Mortality (probit

slope 4.8) 458683-01

Acceptable Survival and

reproduction

of

marine/estuari

ne

invertebrates

Most sensitive

marine/estuarine life

cycle invertebrate

NOAEC Extrapolated

(M. bahia ) Not

applicable 4.6 ppb a.i. Extrapolated

NOAEC for

invertebrate life

cycle See section

III.B.1.a.(2)



### b. Terrestrial Effects Characterization

There were acute oral and/or acute dietary da ta for an upland game bird, Bobwhite quail ( Colinus

virginianus ), and a waterfowl, Mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos ). One avian reproductive study with

the Bobwhite quail was also available. An acute oral study with siduron for a laboratory rat was

also available from studies submitted to HED but there was no 2-generation rat study. For

beneficial insects two acute c ontact studies were available.

The potential for chronic reproductive effects to mammalian wildlife was determined using the

rat developmental study but a further characteri zation based on mammalia n reproduction data for

other phenylurea herbicides and th eir comparative acute toxicity. Table 19 summarizes all the

terrestrial data used for calculating RQ values.

(1) Toxicity to Terrestrial Animals

The acute toxicity of siduron was tested in tw o species of birds: the bobwhite quail (Colinus

virginianus) and mallard duck ( Anas platyrhynchos ) and one terrestrial invertebrate: the honey

bee ( Apis mellifera ). A summary of the data and toxicity endpoints used for calculting RQs is

given in Table 19 below.

33

### Table 19. Summary of Specific Me asurement Endpoint Values Sele cted to Calculate RQs to

Evaluate Risk for the Associated T errestrial Animal Assessment Endpoints

Selected Measurement Endpoint Value and Source

Assessment

Endpoint Measurement

Endpoint Species Study

Duration Toxicity

Value Most Sensitive

Endpoint MRID or

Acc No. and

Study

Classification

Most sensitive avian

acute oral toxicity,

LD 50 (single-dose) Bobwhite

quail Single Oral

Dose, post

14 day LD 50 >2250

mg a.i./kg-bw Mortality (none

observed at

highest dose) 409916-01

Acceptable

Most sensitive acute

avian dietary

toxicity Bobwhite

quail and

Mallard Duck 8 d (5 d

exposure,

post 3 d) LC 50 >5,620

(ppm a.i.) Mortality (none

observed at

highest

concentration

tested) 409916-02

409916-03

Acceptable Survival and

Reproduction

of Birds,

Reptiles and

Amphibians

Most sensitive avian

reproductive toxicity

NOAEC Bobwhite

quail 22 Weeks NOAEL 2800

(ppm a.i.) Decreased

hatchling and

adult body weight 438833-01

Acceptable

Most sensitive acute

oral toxicity, LD 50 (single-dose) Rat Single oral

dose LD 50 >5000

mg a.i./kgbw/day Mortality 419334-02

Acceptable Survival and

Reproduction

of Terrestrial

Mammals Most sensitive

reproduction

NOAEL Rat

(Used most

sensitive

phenylurea

herbicide

value,

linuoron) Not

applicable 0.74 mg

a.i./kg-bw/d

(12 ppm a.i.

dietary) Extrapolated

NOAEL for rat

reproduction

endpoints See section

III. B.2.a.(4)

Survival of

Terrestrial

Invertebrates

and beneficial

insects Most sensitive acute

contact LD 50 (ug/bee) Honey bee

( Apis

mellifera ) 96 hr 938 ppm a.i

(ug/g of bee). Mortality 00018842

See section

IV.A.2.c

Acceptable



### (1) Birds

An acute bobwhite quail single oral dose test (MRID: 409916-01) resulted in an LD 50 

### > 2250

mg/kg-bw. There were no mortalities in the co ntrols or any of the treatment groups. When

compared to the control there was a reduction in body weight gain and feed consumption for

males and females in the 2250 mg/kg treatment group for days one through three.

Two sub-acute acute avian toxicity studies we re considered. A malla rd duck (MRID: 40991603)

dietary toxicity test resulted in an sublethal dietary LC 50 

### >5620 ppm a.i.. Dosage levels selected

for the study were 562, 1000, 1780, 3160 and 5620 ppm a. i. No mortality or abnormal effects

were observed during the study. A reduction in body weight gain and a corresponding reduction

in feed consumption were noted at the two highest treatment levels. A su b-acute test, assessing

siduron effects to bobwhite qua il (MRID: 409916-02) resulted in a sublethal dietary LC 50 

### > 5620

34

### ppm a.i.. No mortality or sublet hal effects were observed in the control birds. Two birds were

noted to have toe-picking lesions. There were no mortalities in the four lowest treatment groups.

In comparison to the controls, a slight reduction in body weight gain was noted at the highest

treatment level during the exposure period. Ther e did not appear to be a reduction in feed

consumption at any test level.

A dietary reproduction study of bobwhite quail (MRID: 438833-01) resulted in a LOAEC of

6250 ppm a.i. and NOEAC of 2800 ppm a.i., base d on significant reductions in both hatchling

and adult male bodyweights. There were no trea tment related mortalities or overt signs of

toxicity at any test concentr ation (1250, 2800 and 6250 ppm). Ther e was a significant treatment

related reduction in adult male body weight at the highest test concentration (6250 ppm) when

compared to the control. The initial body weights of hatchlings were also significantly lower at

the 6250 ppm. When compared to the control, there we re no treatment related effects on any of

the reproductive parameters measured.

(2) Insects

Two acute contact studies on honey bee were su bmitted, which resulted in similar 48-hour LD 50 

### values. The first study, (Accesion No: 00018842) reported contact mortality at 96-hour LD 50 

### =

120.86 μ g/bee. The second study (MRID: 416206-02) resulted in a 48-hour LD 50 

### > 100 μ g/bee.

Five treatment levels representing 13, 22, 36, 60, and 100 μ g/bee were tested along with a

solvent control and a negative control. Two rep licates of 25 bees each were used to reach

treatment and the controls. Cumulative mortaliti es of the test bees during the 48-hour exposure

period were assessed. At test termination, negative control and solvent cont rol mortalities were 4

and 0%, respectively. Mortality in the test dosag es ranged between 2 and 6%. These mortalities

did not follow a concentration-response pattern an d were not considered treatment related. One

bee at 100 μ g/bee dose was noted as moribund on day 0, but this may have been due to

immobilization with nitrogen. By day 1, all bees at this level appeared normal. No other signs

of toxicity were observed at any dose tested.

(3) Mammals

An acute oral toxicity rat st udy (MRID: 41933402) resulted in an LD 50 

### > 5000mg/kg-bw. No

two-generation reproduction study was provided. However, a pre-natal developmental study

reported no developmental effects on the fetuses at the highest concentr ation tested (1500 mg/kgbw/day). The maternal LOEL was reported as 750 mg/kg/day based on decreased body weight

gain and food consumption.

NOAEL values for two-generation studies for other phenylureas were examined, only three

studies were available, one with fluometu ron (0.55 mg/kg-bw/d; MRID 423147-01), one with

linuron (0.74 mg/kg-bw/d; 414634-01 and 418647-01), and one with diuron (18.6 mg/kg-bw/d;

MRID 419573-01).

35

### c. Toxicity to Plants

(1) Terrestrial Plants

Tier II plant studies de monstrate the potential for siduron to affect terrestrial mono and dicots

plants. In the seedling emergence studies (M RID:43385402), the exposure levels equivalent to a

25% effect level were 0.3 lbs a.i./A for monocot s and 2.0 lbs a.i./A for dicots, based on the study

with siduron. The NOAELs were 0.19 and 1.5 lbs a.i./A fo r monocots and dicots respectively.

There are no submitted vegetative vigor studies. A summary of submitted terrestrial plant data

and relevant toxicity endpoints us ed for calculation RQs is given in Table 20 below.

Table 20. Terrestrial Plant Toxicity Data

Selected Measurement Endpoint Value and Source

Assessment

Endpoint Measurement

Endpoint Species Study

Duration Toxicity

Value Most Sensitive

Endpoint Source and

Study

Classification

EC 25 0.30 lbs

a.i./A Most sensitive

monocot seedling

emergence

NOAEL (1) and EC 25 Onion 21 D

NOAEL 0.19

lbs a.i./A Decreased fresh

weight

EC 25 2 lbs

a.i./A Most sensitive dicot

seedling emergence

NOAEL (1) and EC 25 Pea 21 D

NOAEL 1.5

lbs a.i./A Decreased fresh

weight

EC 25 =0.18

lbs a.i./A Most sensitive

monocot vegetative

vigor NOAEL (1) and

EC 25 Onion 21 D

EC 05 =0.75 Decreased fresh

weight

EC 25 =4.5 lbs

a.i./A Reduced

survival of

terrestrial

plants

Most sensitive dicot

vegetative vigor

NOAEL (1) and EC 25 Rape 21D

NOAEL =1.5

lbs a.i./A Decreased fresh

weight 433854-02

Supplemental

(2)



### (2) Aquatic Plants

A growth and reproduction study of green alg ae (MRID: 42111002) resulted in a 5-day EC 50 

### of

210 μ g/L. The 95% confidence inte rval had a lower limit of 170 μ g/L but the upper limit could

not be determined. Significant reductions in the number of cells were observed in the highest

tow test concentrations compared to the contro ls. The mean measure exposure concentrations

for the test were: 24, 46, 85, 170, and 460 μ g/L. Because the raw data were not submitted, this

study is considered supplemental. A summary of submitted aquatic plant data and relevant

toxicity endpoints used for calculation RQs is given in Table 21 below.

There was no toxicity data submitted for vascular aquatic plants. By evaluating the existing data

set for phenylurea compounds similar to sidu ron (Appendix K), it was found that vascular

36

### aquatic plants can range in sens itivity, from less sensitive to mo re sensitive than algae. By

comparing siduron to chemicals with a similar aqua tic algae toxicity prof ile, it was concluded

that vascular plants may be up to 10 times more sensitive to siduron than non-vascular plants.

Therefore, the extrapolated toxicity endpoint for freshwater aquatic vascular plants is EC 50 

### =21.0

ppm. It is possible that aquatic vascular plants may be as or less sensitive than algae, but without

toxicity data, it is not possi ble to dismiss the risk to aquatic vascular plants.

Table 21. Aquatic Plant Toxicity Data

Selected Measurement Endpoint Value and Source

Assessment

Endpoint Measurement

Endpoint Species Study

Duration Toxicity

Value Most

Sensitive

Endpoint Source and

Study

Classification

Most sensitive

vascular plant

biomass and growth

rate NOAEL (1) and

EC 50 Duckweed

(extrapolated) NA EC 50 = 21.0

ppb See description

above Reduced

biomass and

growth rate of

aquatic plants

Most sensitive

nonvascular plant

biomass and growth

rate NOAEL (1) and

EC 50 Green algae

(species) 5 days EC 50 210 ppb

a.i., NOAEL

<170 Number of

cells 421110-02

Supplemental

(because raw data

was not submitted

to confirm results)



## 2. ECOTOX Summary of Effects

ECOTOX (ECOTOXicology) da tabase is used as a search en gine to identify open literature

studies that may potentially be used in ecological risk assessments. This database is found in the

EPA website, http://www.epa.gov/ecotox. The ECOTOX database was selected because it is a

user friendly, publicly-available, quality assured, comprehensive t ool for locating open literature

chemical toxicity data for aquatic life, terrestria l; plants, and wildlife. Relevant literature for

ECOTOX is retrieved using a comprehensive search strategy to capture th e data from research

that evaluates species and/or toxic effects, whic h fall outside the standard battery of ecotoxicity

tests. The ECOTOX database is developed and maintained by EPA’s National Health and

Environmental Effects Research Labo ratory in Duluth, Minnesota.

Upon searching the open literature using the EC OTOX database, one study was identified as

potentially relevelant. “An evaluation of fish models of soluble epoxi de hydrolase inhibition”

looked at mortality as well as biomarkers of s ublethal effects in two la rval and embryo larval

fish models, fathead minnow and medaka. All results were reported in micromolar ( μ M)

concentrations.

At the highest exposure concentration (64 μ M or 14.9 ppm siduron) fa thead minnow exhibited

behavioral effects, including lethargy a nd poor food consumption (as suggested by clear

gastrointestinal tracks). Enzymatic effect s, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity

37

### suppression, were observed at lowe r concentrations of siduron, EC 50 

### = 28 μ M (or 6.5 ppm)

Medaka embryo/larval exposure to siduron resulted in significant delays in hatching time all

exposure concentrations (22, 43, and 65 μ M; 5.1, 10.0 and 15.1 ppm). The implications of these

sublethal effects cannot be de termined at this time.

Appendix A provides a listing of studies found in ECOTOX da tabase with a very brief

explanation as to whether they we re or were not being selected for risk assessment. Analysis of

the literature that was found usi ng the database did not result in any more sensitive endpoints

than the submitted data, nor did it fill in any data gaps.



## 3. Incident Data Review

EPA maintains an incident database system (Ecol ogical Incident Information System or EIIS) to

track and evaluate accidental kills associated with pesticide use. The likelihood that a particular

pesticide caused the incident is classified as highly probable, probable, possible, or unlikely,

based on the information contained in the incident report. The Ecological Incident Information

System (EIIS) Database will be searched for any re ported incidents with wildlife associated with

the use of siduron. There has not been any reported incide nt concerning siduron.

38

# IV. Risk Characterization

Risk characterization is the inte gration of exposure and effects ch aracterization to determine the

ecological risk from the use of siduron and the lik elihood of effects on aqua tic life, wildlife, and

plants based on varying pesticide- use scenarios. The risk char acterization provides estimations

and descriptions of the risk; articulates risk assessment assumptions, limitations, and

uncertainties; synthesizes an overa ll conclusion; and provides the ri sk managers with information

to make regulatory decisions.



## A. Risk Estimation - Integration of Exposure and Effects Data

Toxicity data and exposure estimates are used to evaluate the potential for adverse ecological

effects on non-target species. For this screening-level assessment of siduron, the deterministic

risk quotient method is used to provide a metric of potential risks. The RQ is a comparison of

exposure estimates to toxicity endpoints; estimated exposure con centrations are divided by acute

and chronic toxicity values. Th e resulting unit less RQs are compared to the Agency’s levels of

concern (LOCs) (see Table 22 ), which are the Agency’s interpre tive policy such that when LOCs

are exceeded, the need for regulatory action may be considered. These criteria are used to

indicate when the use of a pestic ide, as directed on the label, has the potential to cause adverse

effects on non-target organisms.

RQ = EXPOSURE / MEASURE OF EFFECT (Equation 1)

RQs are then compared to levels of concern (LOCs) to indicate the potential risk to non-target,

listed (endangered or th reatened), and non-listed organisms. The LOCs are presumptive risk

values; an RQ that exceeds the LOC has a presumed risk to non-target organisms. LOCs

currently address the following categories of presumed risk:

• acute - potential for acute risk and regulatory action beyond restricted use classification

might be warranted

• acute restricted - the potential for acute risk, but mi ght be mitigated through restricted

use classification

• acute listed species - threatened and endangered speci es might be adversely affected

• chronic risk - the potential for chronic risk, and regulatory action might be warranted.

Table 22 Agency Levels of Concern (LOC)

Risk Description LOC Taxa

Acute Potential for acute risk to non-target

organisms which may warrant regulatory

action in addition to restricted use

classification acute RQ > 0.5 aquatic animals,

mammals, birds

Acute Potential for acute risk to non-ta rget acute RQ > 0.1 aquatic animals



### 39

### Risk Description LOC Taxa

Restricted Use organisms, but may be mitigated through

restricted use classification acute RQ > 0.2 mammals and birds

acute RQ > 0.05 aquatic animals Acute Listed

Species Listed species may be potentially affected by

use acute RQ > 0.1 mammals and birds

Chronic Potential for chronic risk may warrant

regulatory action, listed species may

potentially be affected through chronic

exposure chronic RQ > 1 all animals

Non-Listed and

Listed Plant Potential for effects in non-listed and listed

plants RQ > 1 all plants



## 1. Non-target Aquatic Animals and Plants

a. Fish and Invertebrates, Acute

As described in the exposure analysis, aquatic EECs were calculated using PRZM-EXAMS.

Each application Scenario (1 through 4) was modeled with a different PRZM-EXAMS scenario

(i.e. Pennsylvania turf). In the tables below ( Table 23 through Table 26 ), the aquatic EECs are

compared with the toxicity value for each meas urement endpoint, resulting in RQ values. For

acute exposure to fish and invertebrates, the RQ exceeds the endangered species LOC for

freshwater fish and estuarine/marine invertebrate s for application Scenarios 1, 2 and 3. There are

no acute LOC exceedances for non-listed species.

Table 23 Aquatic EECs and acute freshwater a nd estuarine/marine RQ values for four

siduron application Scenarios.

Risk Quotients (EEC/ LC50)

Scenario

(PRZM

scenario

used) Label Use Peak

EEC

(ppb) Fresh Water

Fish, (acute

LC50= 8,100

ppb) Fresh Water

Invertebrate,

(acute LC50>

13,700 ppm) Estuarine/

Marine Fish

(acute LC50=

12,300 ppb) Estuarine/

Marine

Invertebrate

(acute LC50=

6,500 ppb)

1a-(FLturf) Established Turf 501 0.06 <LC 50 0.04 0.08

1b(PAturf) Established Turf 326 0.04 <LC 50 0.03 0.05

2a(FLturf) Established Turf 477 0.06 <LC 50 0.04 0.07

2b(PAturf) Established Turf 373 0.05 <LC 50 0.03 0.06

3(PAalfalfa) Application to bare

ground – Sequential 393 0.05 <LC 50 0.03 0.06

4a(FLturf) Specialty

Application (Golf

course tees and

greens) 139 0.02 <LC 50 0.01 0.02



### 40Risk Quotients (EEC/ LC50)

Scenario

(PRZM

scenario

used) Label Use Peak

EEC

(ppb) Fresh Water

Fish, (acute

LC50= 8,100

ppb) Fresh Water

Invertebrate,

(acute LC50>

13,700 ppm) Estuarine/

Marine Fish Estuarine/

Marine

Invertebrate (acute LC50= (acute LC50= 12,300 ppb) 6,500 ppb)

4b(PAturf) Specialty

Application (Golf

course tees and

greens) 113 0.01 <LC 50 0.01 0.02



### b. Fish and Invertebrates, Chronic

There are no submitted studies of the toxicologi cal effects of long-term exposure of aquatic

organisms to siduron. To assess the risk of chro nic exposure, chronic t oxicity endpoints were

extrapolated from compounds simila r to siduron. In a comparison of the extrapolated toxicity

endpoints to the aquatic EECs th e resultant RQs exceed the list ed and non-listed chronic LOC

for aquatic organisms (RQs range from 4.8 to 107.4). See Table 24 and Table 25 below for

details.

Table 24 Aquatic EECs and chronic freshwater and estuarine/marine invertebrate RQ

values for four siduron application Scenarios.

Risk Quotients (EEC/ NOAEC)

Scenario (PRZM

scenario used) Label Use 21 Day EEC

(ppb) Freshwater

Invertebrate lifecycle NOAEC=

6ppb (extrapolated) Estuarine/ Marine

invertebrate lifecycle NOAEC=4.6

ppb (extrapolated)

1a-(FLturf) Established Turf 494 82.33 107.39

1b(PAturf) Established Turf 324 54.00 70.43

2a(FLturf) Established Turf 471 78.50 102.39

2b(PAturf) Established Turf 367 61.17 79.78

3(PAalfalfa) Application to bare ground –

Sequential 389 64.83 84.57

4a(FLturf) Specialty Application (Golf

course tees and greens) 137 22.83 29.78

4b(PAturf) Specialty Application (Golf

course tees and greens) 112 18.67 24.35



### 41

### Table 25. Aquatic EECs and chronic freshwater and estuarine/marine fish RQ values for

four siduron application Scenarios.

Scenario (PRZM

scenario used) Label Use 60 Day EEC

(ppb) Freshwater fish

early life stage

NOAEC= 15ppb

(extrapolated) Estuarine/ Marine

fish early life stage

NOAEC=23ppb

(extrapolated)

1a-(FLturf) Established Turf 481 32.07 20.91

1b(PAturf) Established Turf 318 21.20 13.83

2a(FLturf) Established Turf 461 30.73 20.04

2b(PAturf) Established Turf 359 23.93 15.61

3(PAalfalfa) Application to bare

ground – Sequential 383 25.53 16.65

4a(FLturf) Specialty Application

(Golf course tees and

greens) 134 8.93 5.83

4b(PAturf) Specialty Application

(Golf course tees and

greens) 111 7.40 4.83



### c. Aquatic Plants

The calculated RQs (2.39-0.54) for freshwater non- vascular plants (algae) exceed the aquatic

plant LOC for listed and non-listed species for Scen arios 1, 2 and 3. For Scenario 4, which is a

concentrated application to non- contiguous areas, the application rate may be higher than the

other scenarios, but when applica tion method is factored in, the pot ential for run-off decreases.

There are LOC exceedances for aquatic vascular plants. There are no LOC exceedances for nonvascular aquatic plants.

Table 26 Aquatic EECs and RQ values for Nonlisted Aquatic Plants

Risk Quotients (EEC/ EC50)

Scenario (PRZM

scenario used) Label Use Peak EEC

(ppb) Freshwater Nonvascular Aquatic

Plants, (acute 5 Day

EC50= 210 ppb) Freshwater

Vascular Aquatic

Plants (EC50= 21.0

ppb) (extrapolated)

1a-(FLturf) Established Turf 501 2.39 23.7

1b(PAturf) Established Turf 326 1.55 15.5

2a(FLturf) Established Turf 477 2.27 22.7

2b(PAturf) Established Turf 373 1.78 17.8

3(PAalfalfa) Application to bare ground –

Sequential 393 1.87 18.7

4a(FLturf) Specialty Application (Golf

course tees and greens) 139 0.66 6.62

4b(PAturf) Specialty Application (Golf

course tees and greens) 113 0.54 5.38



### 42

## 2. Non-target Terrestrial Animals

a. Birds

Siduron is classified as ‘practic ally non-toxic’ to birds on an acute basis. The EEC’s, as

estimated using the TREX model were compared with the highest concentration tested, in lieu of

LD 50 

### values. For example, for Scenario 4, the EEC ranged from 7.6 times to 0.49 times the

highest concentration tested. For each scenario, at least one exposure route (short grass, tall

grass, broadleaf plants, small insects, la rge insects, etc) is greater than the LD 50 

### value (highest

value tested).

The weight adjusted LD 50 

### values listed below were used in the comparison. Avian LD 50 

### values

are adjusted based on potential differences in bird weight. For sidur on, the adjust acute LD 50



### values are as follows:

Table 27. Weight Adjusted Avian LC 50 

### values

Small Avian (20g) LC50>1621 

### mg/kg-bw

Medium Avian (100g) LC50>2064 

### mg/kg-bw

Large Avian (1000g) LC50>2915 

### mg/kg-bw

The EECs associated with each application scenario are located below ( Table 28 ). The values in

bold represent EECs that are greater than the weight adjusted LD 50 

### . While this cannot be

considered an LOC exceedence it is helpful in estimating the potential for risk. The EEC for

small birds eating broadleaf plants and small insect is greater than the highest level tested for

each scenario, except scenario 3.

Table 28. Dose-based EECs for comparison with acute LD 50 

### or LC 50 

### values. Values in

bold indicate EEC that is greater than theLD 50 

### > value.

Avian Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4

Short Grass 3373 (small avian) 5164 (small avian),

2945 (Medium

Avian) 2545 (small avian) 13620 (small avian),

7767 (Medium

Avian), 3477 (Large

Avian)

Tall Grass <LC50 2367 (small avian) <LC50 6243 (small avian),

3560 (Medium

Avian)

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 1897 (small avian) 2905 (small avian) <LC50 7661 (small avian),

4369 (Medium

Avian)

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects <LC50 <LC50 <LC50 <LC50



### For scenario 1 and 2, the avian chronic RQ exceeds for birds that consume short grass. The RQs

calculated from Scenario 3 do not exceed the chr onic LOC. The fourth exposure Scenario (4)

43

### results in chronic RQ values that exc eed the LOC for all food categories except

fruit/pods/seeds/lg insects. The potential for chr onic risks to birds will be further evaluated in

the risk description section. See Table 29 below for chronic avian RQ values.

Table 29 Dietary Based Chronic Avian RQs (values in bold exceed LOC).

Avian Chronic RQs Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4

Short Grass 1.06 1.62 0.80 4.27

Tall Grass 0.48 0.74 0.37 1.96

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects 0.59 0.91 0.45 2.40

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects 0.07 0.10 0.05 0.27



### b. Mammals

Siduron is classified as ‘practic ally non-toxic’ to mammals on an acute and chronic basis.

Because there was no mortality or sublethal effect s at the highest level tested for acute and subacute toxicity, acute RQs were not calculated. However, this hi ghest tested concentration was

compared with the EECs. For the highest applic ation scenario (22lb a.i./acre), Scenario 4, the

EEC was always less than the tested concentration, but is more than half ( e.g., RQ greater than or

equal to 0.5) for small and medium mammals eating short grass or br oadleaf plants/small insects.

For the next highest applicat ion rate, the EECs were less than half the highest tested

concentration ( e.g., RQ < 0.5).

Table 30. Mammalian, weight adjusted LD 50 

### values

Mammalian

Class Body

Weight Adjusted

LD50 Adjusted

NOAEL

15 >10,989 1.63

35 >8,891 1.32 Herbivores/

insectivores

1000 >3,846 0.57

15 >10,989 1.63

35 >8,891 1.32 Grainvores

1000 >3,846 0.57



### Table 31 Mammalian Acute EECs vs adjust "LD50"

Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4

Short Grass EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50 11,402

(small

mammal)

Tall Grass EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50 EEC<LD50



### 44

### Because the only submitted study to consider the effects of siduron exposure on mammalian

reproduction was a developmental study (short-term duration exposure), a chronic endpoint was

extrapolated from toxicity data of similar compounds. Using a 2-geneneration reproductive

NOAEL of 0.74mg/kg-bw, chronic RQs exceeded th e LOC for every application scenario, for

every dietary item. The range of chronic RQ values can be found in Appendix D.

The acute and chronic risks to li sted and non-listed species will be further considered in the risk

description section.

Table 32 Table of Mammalian LOC (1) Exceede nces (includes Dietary and Dose-Based).

Mammalian Chronic RQs Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4

Short Grass >1 >1 >1 >1

Tall Grass >1 >1 >1 >1

Broadleaf plants/ sm Insects >1 >1 >1 >1

Fruits/ pods/ seeds/ lg insects >1 >1 >1 >1

Seeds (granivore) >1 >1 >1 >1



### c. Insects

Acute effects on insects are calcul ated using the acute contact LD 50 

### for the honey bee (120

micrograms per bee) divided by 0.128 gr ams body weight, to obtain an LD 50 

### in ppm. Exposures

are the small insect and large insect from the TREX dietary analysis. The LD 50 

### is then (120

micrograms)/(0.128 grams) = 937.5 ppm.

The table of dietary-based EECs are is in se ction III.3.a. The EECs range from 1233- 6727 ppm

(small insect) and 137-747 ppm (large in sect). The resulting RQ values ( Table 33 ) are above the

LOC for terrestrial invertebrates (0.05) for sma ll insects for every Scenario and exceed for large

insects for Scenario 4.

Table 33 Terrestrial Invertebrate Contact RQ Values

Honey Bee (EC50=938 ppm

a.i.) Scenario 1

RQ Scenario 2

RQ Scenario 3

RQ Scenario 4

RQ

Small Insects 1.78 2.72 1.31 7.17

Large Insects 0.20 0.30 0.15 0.80



## 3. Non-target Terrestrial and Semi-aquatic Plants

Table 34 through Table 36 list the terrestrial and semi-a quatic plant RQs for the maximum

45

### application rates for siduron (12, 22, and 24 lb ac re/acre) based on results from the TerrPlant v.

1.2.1. For every application scenario, the listed and non-listed LOC is exceeded for upland and

semi-aquatic monocots. The LOC is not ex ceeded for upland dicots, under any exposure

scenario, but is exceeded for semi-aquatic dicots under every scenario. The listed and non-listed

LOC is exceeded for semi-aquatic monocots and dico ts. For spray drift, the monocot listed and

non-listed LOC is exceeded for the 22 lbs a.i./acre application rate. Al so modeled was 24 lbs

a.i./A. While there is no label for a one time, 24 lb a.i./A application rate, it is intended to

characterized the effects of a rep eat application at 12lb a.i./A. It is reasonable to assume double

the rate because siduron is persis tent. Assuming an application of 24 lbs a.i./A, the RQ for listed

and non-listed monocots exceeds the LOC.

Table 34 RQ Values for Plants in Upla nd (dry) and Semi-Aquatic Areas Exposed to

Siduron (Applied once at 22lb a.i./acre) Through Runoff and/or Spray Drift

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi-Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non-listed 2.20 15.40 1.22

Monocot listed 3.47 24.32 1.38

Dicot non-listed 0.33 2.31 0.11

Dicot listed 0.44 3.08 0.15

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulti ng in potential for risk to that plant group.



### Table 35 RQ Values for Plants in Upla nd (dry) and Semi-Aquatic Areas Exposed to

Siduron (Applied once at 12lb a.i./acre) Through Runoff and/or Spray Drift

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi-Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non-listed 1.20 8.40 0.67

Monocot listed 1.89 13.26 0.75

Dicot non-listed 0.18 1.26 <0.1

Dicot listed 0.24 1.68 <0.1

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulti ng in potential for risk to that plant group.



### Table 36. RQ Values for Plants in Upland (dry) and Semi-Aquatic Areas Exposed to

Siduron (Applied once at 24 lb a.i./a cre) Through Runoff and/or Spray Drift

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi-Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non-listed 2.40 16.80 1.33

Monocot listed 3.79 26.53 1.50

Dicot non-listed 0.36 2.52 0.12

Dicot listed 0.48 3.36 0.16

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulti ng in potential for risk to that plant group.



## B. Risk Description

The results of this screening-level risk assessmen t indicate that the proposed uses of siduron have

46

### the potential for direct adverse effects for listed and non-listed freshwater algae, listed and nonlisted semi-aquatic dicotyledonous and monocotyle donous plants, terrestria l invertebrates and

listed and non-listed mammals and birds. Ther efore, the hypothesis (R isk Hypothesis Section

II.D.3) [based on available information regard ing volatilization, persiste nce, and direct and

indirect toxicity, siduron has the potential to compromise survival and cause sub-lethal effects in

non-target aquatic animals and pl ants, terrestrial mammals, bird s, plants, and insects.] is

supported. Although direct adve rse effects to fish, birds and mammals from siduron are

uncertain, and based on toxic ity extrapolated from othe r phenylurea compounds, given the

potential for effects on terrestrial and aquatic plant species, indi rect effects to all animals are

possible. Since plants are vital components of mo st habitats and ecosystems, alterations in the

abundance of plants or in the composition of plan t communities could result in adverse effects to

non-plant species. Poten tial effects include, but are not limite d to, reduction in food resources,

decrease in cover (e.g., for predat or avoidance), change in water parameters (e.g., increases or

decreases in temperature and pH), a nd loss of breeding/nesting habitat.



## 1. Risks to Aquatic Organisms

a. Animals

The acute RQs for aquatic fish and invertebrates ranged from 0.01 to 0.08, depending on the

scenario modeled. Using toxicity data from ot her phenylureas, aquatic RQs for chronic exposure

were calculated and all RQ values exceeded the LOC. These values may overestimate risk, as

they are based on either the most conservati ve phenylurea ACR or the most conservative

phenylurea chronic value and for data for whic h there were both siduron and phenylurea data,

siduron was typically less sensitiv e than the phenylureas used for extrapolation. However, it is

assumed, for the purposes of this assessment, th at these values appropriately represent the

toxicity of siduron.

Acute

The acute RQ values for freshwater fish exceed the listed-species LOC for Scenarios 1, 2 and 3.

They do not exceed the LOC for Scenario 4. Base d on the slope of the dose response curve, an

RQ value of 0.06 for freshwater fish indi cates a 1 in 257,000,000,000 chance of an individual

effect. Therefore, acute expos ure to siduron is not likely to adversely endangered freshwater

fish.

Because there were no mortality or sublethal effects at the highest treatment levels tested in

freshwater invertebrate acute t oxicity studies submitted, RQ values for acute exposure were not

calculated in the Risk Characterization secti on of this assessment. Instead, the highest

concentration EECs is found to be approximately 100 times lower than the highest concentration

tested Therefore, direct risk to freshwater aquatic invertebra tes from acute exposure to siduron

is unlikely.

The acute RQ (0.04) for estuarine/marine fish is below the Agency’s Level of Concern and

therefore, siduron use is expected to pose mini mal risk to estuarine and marine fish.

47

### The acute RQ (0.08) for estuarine/marine inve rtebrates does exceed listed species LOC.

However, if the slope of the dose response curve is taken into consideration, the chance of an

individual effect is 1 in 14,300,000. Exposure to si duron is not likely to a dversely affect listed

estuarine/marine invertebrates.

Chronic

The chronic LOC (1) is exceeded for freshwater fi sh and invertebrates and estuarine/marine fish

and invertebrates. While siduron use is not asso ciated with a high risk to fish and aquatic

invertebrates on an acute basis, the chronic RQ values range from 4.83 up to 107.39. The RQ

values are higher for invertebrates than for fi sh. Based on the use patterns of siduron, its

persistence in the environment and the estimated ch ronic toxicity to aquati c organisms, there is

risk to aquatic organisms from chronic exposure. The RQ values may overestimate chronic risk

because the toxicity endpoints are extrapolated from other phenylurea da ta, however, even if a

smaller acute-to-chronic ratio were uses , risk would still be expected.

Indirect

Given the potential for effects on terrestrial and a quatic plant species associated with the use of

siduron, indirect effects on aqua tic animals are possible.

b. Plants

There is no evidence of siduron degradation in aquatic environments. As such, siduron was

assumed stable in the ecological pond used to estimate aquatic exposure concentrations. Since

the ecological pond (used in our modeling) has no outlet, there was a m odeled accumulation of

siduron in the pond throughout the 30 year simulations. In the case of persistent compounds, a

1-in-10 year EEC does not reflect varying mete orological conditions th at are expected once

every ten years, since the yearly peaks are not independent but are actua lly correlated to the

previous year’s peak concentra tion. This results in acute and chronic exposure concentrations

that are very similar ( i.e. , < 2% difference between peak and 90-day average EECs). Estimated

peak concentrations in the ecological pond are onl y high enough to result in an exceedance of the

listed species LOC for plants after 26 years of annual applications of siduron assuming no

dissipation whatsoever in the pond. Siduron concentrations in flowing water bodies are not

expected to accumulate from year to year because of downstream dilution. Risk to aquatic plants

resulting from accumulation of siduron from multiple years of application is not likely in flowing

systems.

The LOC for aquatic plants is exceeded for S cenarios 1,2 and 3. Additionally, the vascular

aquatic plant RQ exceeds the LOC for Scenario 4.

48

## 2. Risks to Terrestrial Organisms

a. Animals

(1) Birds

A number of EECs are higher than the highest toxicity value tested for acute effects to birds.

Because a 10% effect is considered as the LOC ( 0.1) for listed species, it is not possible to

dismiss the risk to birds from acute exposure to siduron. For example, the EEC for small birds

eating short grass (Scenario 4) is over eight times greater than the hi ghest tested value. In the

absence of a definitive toxicity endpoint, it is n ecessary to assume that there are acute risks to

listed avian species from siduron exposure.

The avian chronic risk LOC (1 for listed and non-lis ted species) is exceeded for three of the four

application scenarios. For scenarios one and two, the only exceedance is for short grass.

Therefore, chronic risk to birds that consume mostly short grass ( i.e. geese) can be presumed,

however scenarios one, two and three are not associ ated with chronic risk to birds that consume

most of their diet from sources ot her than short grass. The risk to birds that consume short grass

should be carefully considered as this is a realist exposure route, given the nature of the labeled

use sites.

For scenario four, the RQs exceeded the chro nic LOC for all of the dietary items, except Fruits/

pods/ seeds/ lg insects. Scenario four is a specialty application th at represents a highly

concentrated, banded application to several small, non-contiguous us e areas (golf course tees and

greens). Although this is not a broadcast app lication, tees and greens have the potential to

comprise a few to several acres within a golf cour se. The risk from this application will be

highest for birds that utilize golf c ourses for habitat or feeding.

Therefore, direct risk to non-liste d birds from acute or sub-acute exposure to siduron is possible.

Given the potential for effects on terrestrial and a quatic plant species associated with the use of

siduron, indirect effects on listed and non-listed avian species are possible.

(2) Mammals

Because there was no mortality at the highest trea tment levels tested in the acute oral-exposure

mammalian study submitted, standard RQ values fo r acute exposure were not calculated in the

Risk Characterization section of this assessment. The EEC for Scenario 4, for small mammals

that consume short grass, is the only value that is greater than the highest tested dose in acute

mammalian toxicity tests. As with birds, it is not possible to certain that th ere is no risk to listed

species (the EEC need not be greater than the LD 50 

### , but rather high enoug h to result in 10%

effect). Additionally, risks are expected for Scenario 4 and for chronic exposure.

A comparison of the estimated EEC and the high est tested concentration for acute mammalian

toxicity results in the potential for acute effects to listed endangered wild mammas at the lowest

application rate for small and medium sized mammals consuming short grass. Determining

effects to listed mammals is st rongly dependent on the applicati on scenario. Therefore, direct

risk to non-listed mammals from acute exposure to siduron cannot be dismissed.

49

### (3) Terrestrial Invertebrates

EFED does not currently estimate risk quotients for terrestrial non-target invertebrates.

However, a label statement is required to protect foraging honeybees when the LD 50 

### is < 11

μg/bee. Based on the acute contact toxi city study to honeybees, the LD 50 

### for siduron is 120

μg/bee. This classifies siduron as practically non-toxic to honeybees on an acute contact

exposure basis, however, due to high applicati on rates, the resulting EECs are expected to be

higher than the LD 50 

### . Additionally, Section IV.A.2.c above, outlines the methodology for

converting an LD 50 

### value reported as μ g/bee to ppm.

Therefore, the risk for direct adverse effects to te rrestrial invertebrates is possible; due to the risk

to plants, the potential for indire ct effects to terrestri al invertebrates from siduron use cannot be

discounted.

b. Plants

There are numerous LOC exceedances. Given siduron’s mechanism of action for effects on

plants and its use pattern, risk is expected for plant species



## 3. Review of Incident Data

There are no reports of ecological incidents fo r siduron in the EIIS (Environmental Incident

Information System) database.



## 4. Endocrine Disruption

EPA is required under the FFDCA, as amended by FQPA, to develop a screening program to

determine whether certain substances (including a ll pesticide active and ot her ingredients) “may

have an effect in humans that is similar to an effect produced by a natu rallyoccurring estrogen, or

other such endocrine effects as the Admi nistrator may designate.” Following the

recommendations of its Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Advisory Committee

(EDSTAC), EPA determined that there was scientif ic basis for including, as part of the program,

the androgen- and thyroid hormone systems, in addition to the estrogen hormone system. EPA

also adopted EDSTAC’s recommendation that the Program include evaluations of potential

effects in wildlife. For pesticide chemicals, EPA will use FIFRA and, to the extent that effects in

wildlife may help determine whether a substa nce may have an effect in humans, FFDCA

authority to require the wildlife evaluations. As the science develops and resources allow,

screening of additional hormone systems may be added to the Endocrine Disruptor Screening

Program (EDSP).

When the appropriate screening and or tes ting protocols being considered under the

Agency’s Endocrine Disruptor Screening Progr am have been developed, siduron may be

subjected to additional screening and or testing to better characte rize effects related to endocrine

disruption.

50

### Based on the weight of the evidence, the followi ng effects noted in Avian Reproduction studies

on siduron suggest possible endocrine system related action: abnormal egg production,

reductions in eggs laid, abnormal embryos of eggs set, and abnormal hatchlings of eggs set.



## 5. Federally Threatened and Endang ered (Listed) Species Concerns

a. Action Area

For listed species assessment pur poses, the action area is consider ed to be the area affected

directly or indirectly by the Federal action and not merely th e immediate area involved in the

action. At the initial screening- level, the risk assessment cons iders broadly described taxonomic

groups and conservatively assumes that listed sp ecies within those broad groups are located on or

adjacent to the treated site and aquatic organism s are assumed to be located in a surface water

body adjacent to the treated site. The assessment also assumes that the listed spec ies are located

within an assumed area that has the relatively high est potential exposure to the pesticide, and that

exposures are likely to decrease with distance from the treatment area.

If the assumptions associated with the screeni ng-level action area result in RQs that are below

the listed species LOCs, a "no effect" determina tion conclusion is made with respect to listed

species in that taxa, and no furt her refinement of the action area is necessary. Furthermore, RQs

below the listed species LOCs for a given taxonomic group indicate no concern for indirect

effects upon listed species that depend upon th e taxonomic group covered by the RQ as a

resource. However, in situations where the scre ening assumptions lead to RQs in excess of the

listed species LOCs for a given ta xonomic group, a potential for a "may affect" conclusion exists

and may be associated with direct effects on listed species belonging to that taxonomic group or

may extend to indirect effects upon listed spec ies that depend upon that taxonomic group as a

resource. In such cases, additional information on the biology of listed species, the locations of

these species, and the locations of use sites could be considered to determine the extent to which

screening assumptions regarding an action area a pply to a particular listed organism. These

subsequent refinement steps c ould consider how this information would impact the action area

for a particular listed organism and may potentially include areas of exposure that are downwind

and downstream of the pesticide use site.

b. Taxonomic Groups Potentially at Risk

The Level I screening assessment process for li sted species uses the generic taxonomic groupbased process to make inferences on direct eff ect concerns for listed species. The first iteration

of reporting the results of the Le vel I screening is a listing of pesticide use sites and taxonomic

groups for which RQ calculations reveal values that meet or exceed the list ed species LOCs (for

more information see, USEPA 2004).

(1). Discussion of Risk Quotients

Regarding listed species, the screening-level analysis shows the possibility of direct effects to

51

### listed aquatic plants, terrestrial and semi-aquatic monocot plants, semi-aquatic dicot plants, and

insects. Effects to birds and mammals are expected for chronic exposure but effects from acute

exposure are uncertain. For indir ect effects, all other taxa will be considered since there is a

potential for indirect effects to taxa that might rely on plants an d/or mammals for some stage of

their life-cycle. Therefore, at this time, no Federally listed taxa can be excluded from the

potential for direct and/or indirect effects from the proposed uses of siduron (see Table 1 ).

‘Listed’ species are those which are currently on the Federal list of endangered and threatened

wildlife and plants.

The RQ values for freshwater fish exceed the lis ted-species LOC for Scenarios 1, 2 and 3. They

do not exceed the LOC for Scenario 4. Based on the slope of the dose re sponse curve, an RQ

value of 0.06 for freshwater fi sh indicates a 1 in 257,000,000,000 chance of an individual effect.

Therefore, acute exposure to sidu ron is not likely to adversely endangered freshwater fish.

The RQ (0.08) for estuarine/marine invertebrate s does exceed listed species LOC. However, if

the slope of the dose response curve is taken in to consideration, the ch ance of an individual

effect is 1 in 14,300,000. Exposure to siduron is not likely to adve rsely affect listed

estuarine/marine invertebrates.

Risks to listed monocots and dicots are expected from siduron use.

(2). Indirect Effects Analysis

The Agency acknowledges that pesticides have th e potential to exert in direct effects upon listed

organisms by, for example, perturbing forage or prey availability, altering the extent of nesting

habitat, and creating gaps in the food chain. In conducting a screen for indirect effects, direct

effect LOCs for each taxonomic group are used to make inferences concerning the potential for

indirect effects upon listed speci es that rely upon non-listed orga nisms in these taxonomic groups

as resources critical to their life cycle.

The Agency’s listed species LOC was exceeded fo r terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants, birds,

mammals and aquatic plants. Therefore, EFED ’s screening level analysis shows that the

possibility of indirect effects from the propos ed use of siduron on turf to listed species

(generalists and obligates) that may depend on monoc ots, dicots and/or inse cts and obligates that

rely on aquatic non-vascular plants for survival ca nnot be precluded. Therefore, at this time, no

Federally-listed taxa can be excluded from the poten tial for direct and/or indirect effects from the

proposed uses of siduron (see Table 1 ). Species-specific concerns for indirect effects to listed

organisms will require a determination of the coin cidence of siduron use with locations of listed

species and the biologically base d resources upon which they depend.

(3). Critical Habitat

In the evaluation of pesticide eff ects on designated critical habitat, consideration is given to the

physical and biological features (constituent elements ) of a critical habitat identified by the U. S.

Fish and Wildlife and National Marine Fisheries Services (the Services) as essential to the

conservation of a listed species and which may re quire special management considerations or

52

### protection. The evaluation of im pacts for a screening level pest icide risk assessment focuses on

the biological features that are constituent el ements and is accomplished using the screeninglevel taxonomic analysis (RQs) and le vels of concern (LOCs) that are used to evaluate direct and

indirect effects to listed organisms.

The screening-level risk assessment has identified pot ential concerns for indirect effects on listed

species for those organisms dependant upon plants and some terrestrial animals. In light of the

potential for indirect effects, th e next step for EPA and the Services is to identify which listed

species and their designated crit ical habitat(s), if applicable, are potentially implicated.

Analytically, the identification of such species and their critical habitat can occur by determining

whether the action area overlaps designated critical habitat or the occupi ed range of any listed

species. If so, EPA would examine whether the pesticide's potenti al impacts on non-listed

species would affect the listed spec ies indirectly, or dire ctly affect a constituent element of the

critical habitats. At present, the informa tion reviewed by EPA does not permit use of this

analytical approach to make a definitive identif ication of species that are potentially impacted

indirectly or designated critical habitats that are potentially impacted directly by the proposed

uses of siduron.

This screening-level risk assessment for critical habitats provides a list ing of potential biological

features that, if they are consti tuent elements of one or more critical habitats, would be of

potential concern. These correspon d to the taxa identified above as being of potential concern

for adverse effects. This should serve as an initial step in problem formulation for further

assessment of designated critic al habitat impacts outlined above, should additional work be

necessary.



## 6. Co-occurrence Analysis

The goal of the analysis for co-location is to determine whether site s of pesticide use are

geographically associated with known locations of listed species [following the convention of the

Services, the word ‘species’ in this assessment ma y actually apply to a ‘spe cies’, ‘subspecies’, or

an Evolutionary Significant Unit (E SU)]. At the screening level, this analysis is accomplished

using the LOCATES (version 2.10.3) database. The database uses location information for listed

species at the county level and compares it to agricultural census data (from 2002) for crop

production at the same county level of resolution . The product is a lis ting of Federally-listed

species that are located with in counties known to produce th e crops upon which the pesticide

will be used, in this case turf. For direct effects, listed plants, birds, mammals, fish, invertebrates

and insects will be considered, since they were th e only taxa to have RQs above the listed species

LOC. For indirect effects, all taxa will be consid ered since there is a potential for indirect effects

to taxa that might rely on pl ants and/or mammals for some stage of their life-cycle.

LOCATES identified numerous listed species that overlapped at the county-level with areas

where sod is grown and harvested. Presently, no land use databases which include golf courses

and residential lawns are available for this a ssessment. To estimate the species which will

overlap these use sites, a list of species, by taxa, was generated, inde pendent of crop. See

APPENDIX H for a complete species list.

53

### This preliminary analysis indicates that there is a potential for siduron us e to overlap with listed

species and that a more refined assessment is warranted. The more refined assessment should

involve clear delineation of the action area asso ciated with proposed uses of siduron and best

available information on the temporal and spatial co -location of listed species with respect to the

action area. This analysis has not been conducted for this assessment.



## C. Assumptions, and Limitations, All Taxa

There is significant uncertainty associated with risk determ ination for birds for two major

reasons. The first major uncertainty is that th e maximum allowable a.i. allowed per year or

season is not specified on any label. The scenar ios were modeled based on expected or typical

use patterns. It is possible that siduron may be applied more than twice per year, as the number

of applications is not specified. The second uncertainty lies in th e avian toxicity data available

for this assessment.



## 1. Assumptions and Limitations Related to Exposu re for Aquatic

Species

a. Lack of Averaging Time for Exposure

For an acute risk assessment, there is no averag ing time for exposure. An instantaneous peak

concentration, with a 1 in 10 year return freque ncy, is assumed. The use of the instantaneous

peak assumes that instantaneous exposure is of sufficient duration to elicit acute effects

comparable to those observed over more protract ed exposure periods test ed in the laboratory,

typically 48 to 96 hours. In the absence of data regarding time-to -toxic event analyses and latent

responses to instantaneous expos ure, the degree to which risk is overestimated cannot be

quantified.

b. Routes of exposure

Screening-level risk assessments of pesticid e application for aquatic organisms consider

exposure primarily through the gills and integum ent. The dietary i ngestion route was not

directly assessed. For water soluble, rapidly metabolizable test materials with low

bioconcentration potential exposur e from the dietary route will be insignificant to uptake through

the gill and intebument.



## 2. Assumptions and Limitations Re lated to Exposure for Terrestrial

Species

a. The Use of Developmental Study in Lieu of Reproductive Study

A developmental is a short-term study, conduc ted during a critical window during mammalian

gestation. The endpoints for developmental te sts are an evaluation of how exposure during

54

### pregnancy affects fetal development, whereas a reproductive study is testing multigenerational

effects (i.e., Even upon normal fetal development, ar e the young able to reproduce?).

b. Incidental Pesticide Rele ases Associated with Use

This risk assessment is based on the assumption that the entire treatm ent area is subject to

siduron application at the rates specified on the labels. In reality, there is the potential for

uneven application of the pesticid e through such plausible incidents as changes in calibration of

application equipment, spillag e, and localized releases.



## 3. Assumptions and Limitations Related to Effects Assessment

a. Age class and sensitivity of effects thresholds

It is generally recognized that test organism age may have a significant impact on the observed

sensitivity to a toxicant. The acute toxicity data for fish are collected on juvenile fish between

0.1 and 5 grams. Aquatic invertebrate acute te sting is performed on recommended immature age

classes ( e.g ., first instar for daphnids, second instar for amphipods, stoneflies, mayflies, and third

instar for midges).

Testing of juveniles may overe stimate toxicity at older age classes for pesticide active

ingredients, such as siduron, that act directly without meta bolic transformation because younger

age classes may not have the enzymatic systems a ssociated with detoxifying xenobiotics. In so

far as the available toxicity data may provide ra nges of sensitivity info rmation with respect to

age class, this assessment uses the most sensitive life-stage information as measures of effect for

surrogate aquatic animals.

b. Use of the Most Sensitive Species Tested

Although the screening-level risk assessment relies on a selected toxicity endpoint from the most

sensitive species tested, it does not necessarily mean that the sele cted toxicity endpoints reflect

sensitivity of the most sensitive species existing in a given environment. The relative position of

the most sensitive species tested in the distribu tion of all possible species is a function of the

overall variability among species to a particular chemical. In the case of listed species, there is

uncertainty regarding the relationship of the listed species’ sensitivity and the most sensitive

species tested.

The Agency is not limited to a base set of surr ogate toxicity information in establishing risk

assessment conclusions. The Agency also consider s toxicity data on non-s tandard test species

when available.

55

## 4. Assumptions Associat ed with the Acute LOCs

The risk characterization section of this asse ssment includes an evaluation of the potential for

individual effects. The individual effects probab ility associated with the acute RQ is based on

the mean estimate of the slope and an assumpti on of a probit dose response relationship for the

effects study corresponding to the taxonomic group for which the LOCs are exceeded.



## D. Description of Uncertainti es, Strengths and Data Gaps

A source of uncertainty is the nature of the unextractable residues formed during siduron

degradation in soils. In aerobi c soil metabolism studies unextrac table residues were identified at

maximums of 11.8% to 16.5% of app lied radioactivity in the two so ils tested. The unextractable

residues are uncharacterized and it is uncertain whether they c onsist of degradates of risk

concern. Under sterile conditions these unextractable residues we re not formed suggesting that

the formation of them is microbially mediat ed. Aerobic soil metabolism half-lives were

estimated based on parent concentrations alone (e xcluding unextractable residues). To the extent

that these unextractable residues are of risk concern, the estimated half-lives will be

underestimated compared to a total toxic residue approach for estimating half-lives. However,

given the persistence of sidur on parent only, a total toxic re sidue approach for calculating

aerobic soil metabolism half-life would not impact PRZM/E XAMS modeled EECs appreciably.

The ecological pond modeled with EXAMS is a static water body of fixed volume with no

outlet. Since siduron is persiste nt in aquatic environments a nd since the ecological pond has no

outlet, there was a modeled accumulation of siduron in the pond throughout the 30 year

simulations. Exposure endpoints, in this assessment, are based on yearly peak concentrations. In

the case of persistent compounds , a 1-in-10 year EEC does not reflect varying meteorological

conditions that are expected once every 10 years, since the yearly peaks are not independent but

are actually correlated to the previous year’s peak concentration. Estimated peak concentrations

in the ecological pond are only hi gh enough to result in an exceedan ce of the listed species LOC

for vascular plants after 26 years of annual applications of siduron assuming no dissipation

whatsoever in the pond (APPENDIX C). Siduron c oncentrations in flowing water bodies are not

expected to accumulate from year to year because of downstream dilution. Risk to aquatic plants

resulting from accumulation of siduron from multiple years of application is not likely in flowing

systems.



## 1. Environmental Fate Information Gaps

All fate data requirements for the parent were fulfilled (Appendix X). While additional fate

information on degradates identified in laborato ry studies are desirabl e to provide a more

accurate understanding of the long-term exposure of the pesticide and its degradates, this

information is unlikely to change the current risk conclusions.

56

## 2. Ecotoxicity Data Gaps

There are no submitted or open literature chronic toxicity studies for fish or aquatic invertebrate.

Additionally, there is no acceptable 2-genera tion reproduction study for mammals. Data on

vegetative vigor and aquatic vascul ar plants are not available.

57

# V. References

Cohen, S.Z., Creeger, S.M., Carsel, R.F., Enfield, C.G. (1984). In “Treatment and Disposal of Pesticide

Wastes;” Krueger, R.F., Seiber, J.N., Eds.; ACS Symposium Series No. 259, American Chemical

Society: Washington, DC; pp. 297-325.

Fletcher, J.S., J.E. Nellessen, and T.G. Pfleeger. ( 1994). Literature review and evaluation of the EPA

food-chain (Kenaga) nomogram, an instrument for estimating pesticide residues on plants.

Environ. Tox. Chem. 13:1383-1391.

Hoerger, F., and E.E. Kenaga. (1972). Pesticide residues on plants: Correlation of representative data as

a basis for estimation of their magnitude in the e nvironment. In F. Coulston and F. Korte, eds.,

Environmental Quality and Safety: Chemistry, Toxicology, and Technology, George Thieme

Publ, Stuttgart, West Germany, pp. 9-28.



### Purdue University. 2002. Herbicide Action: An in tense course on activity, selectivity, behavior

and fate of herbicides in plants and th e environment. (Seminar Handbook). Dept of

Horticulture and Landscape Architecture , Agronomy, Botany and Plant Pathology, and

Forestry and Natural Resources. West Lafayette, Indiana.)

Urban, D.J., and N.J. Cook. (1986). Hazard Evaluation Division Standard Evaluation Procedure

Ecological Risk Assessment. EPA 540/9-85-001. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office

of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC.

USEPA. (2006). Water Models. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides: Science and Policy.

Last updated May 2, 2006. Online at: ht tp://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/.

USEPA. (2004). Overview of the Ecological Risk Assessment Process in the Office of Pesticide

Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic

Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC. January 23, 2004.

USEPA. 2002. Guidance for Selecting Input Parame ters in Modeling the En vironmental Fate and

Transport of Pesticides. U.S. Environmental Pr otection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides

and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Program s, Environmental Fate and Effects Division.

Feb. 28, 2002. Online at:

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/wat er/input_guidance2_28_02.htm/.

USEPA. (1998). Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment, Final. EPA/63 OR-95/002F. Risk

Assessment Forum, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.



### 58

### Environmental Fate Bibliography

MRID: 42159601

Atkins, R.H., and A.L. Kester son. 1991. Aerobic metabolism of

[14c]siduron in silt loam soil. PTRL Report No. 1397; PTRL Project N o. 431; Landis Protocol

No. 1621-90-100-03-28D-04D;u Pont Report No. AMR- 1791-90. Unpublished study performed

by Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Labo ratory, Inc. (PTRL-East), Richmond, KY;

prepared by PTRLEast, Richmond, KY, and Landi s International, Inc., Valdosta, GA; and

submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Wilmington, DE.

MRID: 93201022

Rhoades, B.C. 1990. Phase 3 summary of MRID No. 41050501: Hydrolysis of '*c-siduron in pH

5, 7, and 9 buffer solutions. Laboratory St udy ID AMR-1280-88. Unpublished study performed

and submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours a nd Company, Agricultural Products Department,

Wilmington,

DE.

MRID: 43846701

Atkins, R.H. 1998. Aerobic meta bolism of methylcyclodexyl 14 

### C siduron in sandy loam. PTRL

Report No. 840; PTRL Project No. 7851; U npublished study performed by PTRLEast,

Richmond, KY; and submitted by GOWAM Compay, Yuma, AZ.

MRID: 41811302

Estigoy, L., and K. Shepler. 1990a. Photodegrad ation of [14cphenyl(U) ] siduron in/dn soil by

natural sunlight. PTRL Report No.218W-1; PTRL Project No. 218W; La ndis Protocol No. 1613-

90-100-03-285-02; Du Pont Pr oject No. AMR-1790-90. Unpub lished study performed by

Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Labor atory, Inc. (PTRL-West), Richmond, CA;

prepared by PTRL-West, Richmond, CA, and Landi s International, Inc., Valdosta, GA; and

submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Wilmington, DE.

MRID: 41811301

Estigoy, L. , and K. Shepler. 1990b. Sunlight ho todegradation of [14c phenyl(U)]siduron in a

buffered aqueous solution at pH 7 by natural sunlight. PTRL Report No. 217W-1; PTRL Project

No. 217W; Landis Protocol No. 1612-90-100-03-28B-01D;u P ont Project No. AMR-1789-90.

Unpublished study performed by Pharmacology a nd Toxicology Research Laboratory, Inc.

(PTRL-West), Richmond, CA; prepared by PTRL-West, Richmond, CA, and Landis

International, Inc., Valdosta, GA; and submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc.,

Wilmington, DE.

MRID: 41811305

Fackler, P.H. 1990. Siduron - bioconcentration and elimination of 14cresidues by bluegill

(Levomis macrochirus). Landis Protocol No. 1654-89-100-03-19G-10; L aboratory Study No.

10934-0190-6121-140;L aboratory Report No. 90 -8-3415. Unpublished study performed

Springborn

59

### Laboratories, Inc., Wareham, MA; prepared by Springborn Laboratories, Inc., Wareham, MA,

and Landis International Inc, Valdosta GA; and submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and

Company, Inc., Wilmington, DE

MRID: 41811303

Kesterson, A. 1991. Soil adsorption/desorption of [phenyl(U)-14c] siduron by the batch

equilibrium method. PTRL Report No. 1290; PTRL Project No. 430; Landis Protocol No. 1631-

90-100-03-28K-03D;u Pont Project No. AM R-1787-90. Unpublished study performed by

Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Laborat ory Inc. (PTRL-East), Lexington, KY, and

Landis International, Inc., Valdosta, GA; a nd submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and

Company, Inc., Wilmington, DE.

MRID: 41811304

Priester, T .M. , and G.D. Sheftic. 1991. Soil mobility of [14c s ] iduron as indicated by soil thinlayer chromatography. Du Pont Report No. AMR-1892-90. Unpublished study performed and

submitted by E.I. du PQnt de Nemours and Company, Du Pont Agricultural Products

Department, Wilmington, DE.

MRID: 41618201

Rhodes , B. C. 1990. Anaerobic metabolism of [ 14c] siduron. Laboratory Project ID No. AMR1520-89. Unpublished study performed and submitt ed by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and

Company, Inc., Wilrnington, DE.

MRID: 42375301

Estigoy, L. , and K. Shepler. 1991a. Photodegradati on of [14cmethyl]siduron in a buffered

aqueous solution at pH 7 by natural sunlight . PTRL Report No. 242W-1; PTRL Project No.

242W; Landis Protocol N o. 1612-89-100-03-28B-03D;u Pont Report No. AMR-1789-90.

Unpublished study performed by Pharmacology a nd Toxicology Research Laboratory, Inc.

(PTRL), Richmond, CA; prepared by PTRL, Richmond, CA,

and Landis International, Inc., Valdosta, GA; and submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and

Company, Inc., Wilmington, DE.

MRID: 42375302

Estigoy, L., and K. Shepler. 1991b. Photodegradation of [14cmethyl]siduron in/on soil by natural

sunlight. PTRL-West Report No. 220W-1). PTRL Project No. 220W; La ndis Protocol No. 1612-

89-100-03-285-04; DuPont Report No. AMR- 1790-90. Unpublished study performed by

Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Laborat ory, Inc. (PTRL), Richmond, CA; prepared by

PTRL, Richmond, CA, and Landis International, Inc., Valdosta, GA; and submitted by E.I. du

Pont de Nemours and Company,

Inc., Wilmington, DE. -

60

### MRID: 42535801

Silvoy, J.J. 1992. T e r r e s t r i a l f i e l d dissipation of LX1100-03 (siduron)

appl i ed t o cool -season t u r f and bare ground i n Cal i f o r n i a and W i sconsi n . Du Pont

Study No. AMR 1792-90. Landis Protocol No s. 1641-89-100-03-24A-06 and 1641-89- 100-03-

24A-07. PTRL-West Study No. 270W. Unpubl ished study performed by Research For Hi re,

Portervi 11 e, CA ( f i e l d cooperator) ; AGSTA T, Verona, W I ( f i e l d cooperator) ; and

PTRL-West , Richmond, CA (analytical 1 ab nratory) . The study was prepared by Landis

International, Inc., Valdosta, GA, and submitte d by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, W i

lmington, DE.

MRID: 42159602

Silvoy, J.J. 1991. Terrestrial fiel d dissipation of LX100 LX1100- 03 (Siduron 50WP) applied to

cool-season turf and bare ground in California an d Wisconsin (Interim report). Project ID Du

Pont Study No. AMR 1792-90; Landis Pr otocol Nos. 1641-89- 100-03-24A-06, and 1641-89-

100-03-24A-07; and PTRL-West Study No. 270W. Unpublished study performed and submitted

by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Du Pont Agricultural Products,Wilmington, DE.

61

# APPENDIX A: ECOTOX Results

Test

Species Test

Material Response

Measure Value # Test

Treatment

Levels Exposure

Type pH Hardness Org

Matter Reference

Fathead

Minnow

( Pimephales

promelas >99% a.i. Lethality 96-h NRZero:

65 uM 5 Renewal NR NR NR #60040:

Newman

et al. 2001

Test

Species Test

Material Response

Measure Value # Test

Treatment

Levels Exposure

Type pH Hardness Org

Matter Reference

Fathead

Minnow

( Pimephales

promelas >99% a.i. Biochemistry,

enzyme

epoxide

hydrase 96-h EC50

28 uM 5 Renewal NR NR NR #60040

Newman

et al. 2001

Test Species Test

Material Response

Measure Value # Test

Treatment

Levels Exposure

Type Reference

Tall fescue

( Lolium

arundinaceium ) Formulation Population

Abundance NOAEL

6.0 lb/A

(6.7 kg/ha) 1 Field

Study,

spray #87930

SIDURON AND DEGRADATES

Papers that Were Accepted for ECOTOX

Acceptable for ECOTOX and OPP but were not used to quantitate risk

1. Bovey, R. W. and Voigt, P. W. (1983). Tole rance of Weeping Lovegrass Cultivars to Herbicides. Crop Sci. 23:

364-368. EcoReference No.: 25364 Rejection Code : TARGET(SID,ATZ),OK(ALL CHEMS).; This

efficacy study is not relevant to this assessment

2. Jordan, L. S., Zurgiyah, A. A., Demar, A. R., and Clerx, W. A. (1975). Metabolism of Siduron in Kentucky

Bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). J Agr Food 23: 286-290. EcoReference No.: 26117 Rejection Code :

TARGET(SID). This efficacy study is not relevant to this assessment

3. Lewis, W. M. and Gilbert, W. B. (1966). The Effect of Siduron on Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control on the

Establishment of Five Warm-Season and Three Cool-Season Turfgrasses. Proc.South.Weed Conf. 19:

150-154. EcoReference No.: 80524 Rejection Code : TARGET(SID). This efficacy study is not

relevant to this assessment

. Mazur, A. R., Jagschitz, J. A., and Skogley, C. R. (1969). Bioassays for Bensulide, DCPA, and Siduron in

Turfgrass. Weed Sci. 17: 31-34. EcoReference No.: 80994

Rejection Code : TARGET(SID,BS). Enpoints not relevant

5. McElroy, J. S. and Breeden, G. K. (2006). Tall Fescue Seedling To lerance to Carfentrazone, Bromoxynil,

Quinclorac, and Siduron. Hortscience 41: 252-254.EcoReference No.: 87930

Rejection Code : LITE EVAL CODED(SID),OK(ALL CHEMS). This efficacy study is not relevant to

this assessment



### 626. Moshier, L., Turgeon, A. J., and Penner, D. (1976). Effects of Glyphosate and Siduron on Turfgrass

Establishment. Weed Sci. 24: 445-448.EcoReference No.: 41108

Rejection Code : TARGET(SID,GYP). This efficacy study is not relevant to this assessment

7. Newman, J. W., Denton, D. L., Mo risseau, C., Koger, C. S., Wheelock, C. E., Hinton, D. E., and Hammock, B.

D. (2001). Evaluation of Fish Models of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition. Environ.Health

Perspect. 109: 61-66. EcoReference No.: 60040

Rejection Code : LITE EVAL CODED(SID),OK(DU),NO IN

VITRO(MTL,FYC,CPP,DFZ,CY C,TBC). In vitro studies. Eff ects considered and incoporated in

assessment

8. Ramon de Mur, A. (1971). Effect of Several Environmental Factors on the Toxicity of the Herbicide Siduron

and Mechanism of Its Action. Ph.D.Thesis, Univ.of California, Riverside, CA 103 p. EcoReference

No.: 53402

Rejection Code : TARGET(SID). This efficacy study is not relevant to this assessment

9. Splittoesser, W. E. and Hopen, H. J. (1 967). Response of Bentgrass to Siduron. Weed Sci. 15: 82-83.

EcoReference No.: 80854

Rejection Code : TARGET(SID). This efficacy study is not relevant to this assessment

10. Splittstoesser, W. E. and Hopen, H. J. (1970). Root Growth Inhibition by Siduron and Its Relief by Kinetin.

Physiol.Plant 23: 964-970.EcoReference No.: 25536

Rejection Code : TARGET(SID). This efficacy study is not relevant to this assessment

11. Torello, W. A. and Jagschitz, J. A. (1979). Crabgrass Control in Turfgrass Using Preemergent Herbicides and

Surfactants. Proc.Northeast.Weed Sci.Soc. 33: 297-302. EcoReference No.: 25887

Rejection Code : TARGET(SID,BS),NO ENDPOINT,NO STATS(BS,BTL,DCPA,ODZ). This

efficacy study is not relevant to this assessment

Acceptable for ECOTOX but not OPP

1. Bingham, S. W. (1966). Influence of Herbicides on Root Development of Bermudagrass. Weeds 14: 363-365.

EcoReference No.: 41607

Rejection Code : NO ENDPOINT,CONTROL(SID,BS,DBN).

2. Coville, C. M. and Jagschitz, J. A. (1976). Herbic ides for Preemergence Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control in

Turfgrass--1975. Proc.Northeast.Weed Sci.Soc. 30: 367-371. EcoReference No.: 40806

Rejection Code : NO ENDPOINT(SID,BS,EFS).

3. Jagschitz, J. A. (1971). Preemergence Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control in Turfgrass with Herbicides.

Proc.Northeast.Weed Sci.Soc. 26: 205-210. EcoReference No.: 41913

Rejection Code : NO ENDPOINT,CONTROL(SID,BS,TBC).

4. Jones, K. H., Sanderson, D. M., and Noakes, D. N. (1968). Acute Toxicity Data for Pesticides (1968). World

Rev.Pest Control 7: 135-143. EcoReference No.: 70074

Rejection Code : NO PUBL.

5. Laval-Martin, D., Grizeau, D., and Calvayrac, R. (1983). Characteriza tion of Diuron-Resistant Euglena:

Greater Tolerance for Various Phenylurea Herbicides and Increased Sensitivity of Thylakoids to Ethyls-Dipropyl Thiocarbamate. Plant Sci.Lett. 29: 155-167.EcoReference No.: 89462

Rejection Code : NO CONTROL,NO ENDPOINT(SID,DU,ATZ,EPTC).

6. Newman, J. W., Denton, D. L., Mo risseau, C., Koger, C. S., Wheelock, C. E., Hinton, D. E., and Hammock, B.

D. (2001). Evaluation of Fish Models of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition. Environ.Health

Perspect. 109: 61-66. EcoReference No.: 60040 Used qualitatively.



### 637. Nishiuchi, Y. (1972). Toxicity of Pesticides to Some Water Organisms. Bull.Agric.Chem.Insp.Stn.(Noyaku

Kensasho Hokoku) 12: 122-128 (JPN) (ENG TRANSL). EcoReference No.: 10258

Rejection Code : NO CONTROL(ALL CHEMS).

8. Pennucci, A. and Jagschitz, J. A. (1984). Preemergent Herbicides for Crabgrass and Psurge Control in Lawn

Turf. Proc.Northeast.Weed Sci.Soc. 38: 265-270. EcoReference No.: 44111

Rejection Code : NO ENDPOINT,CONTROL(SID,BS,FO,EFS,NPP).

9. Valencia, R. (1977). Mutagenesis Screening of Pesticides Drosophila. EPA Rep.68-01-2474 70 p.

EcoReference No.: 90924

Rejection Code : NO ENDPOINT(ALL CHEMS).

10. Waters, M. D., Sandhu, S. S., Simmon, V. F., Mortelmans , K. E., Mitchell, A. D., Jorgenson, T. A., Jones, D. C.

L., Valencia, R., and Garrett, N. E. (198 2). Study of Pesticide Genotoxicity. Basic Life Sci. 21: 275-

326. EcoReference No.: 89613

Rejection Code : NO ENDPOINT(ALL CHEMS).

11. Watschke, T. L. and Welterlen, M. S. (1979). Crab grass (Digitaria Ischaemum) Control with Single and Split

Applications of Preemergence Herbicides. Proc.Northeast.Weed Sci.Soc. 33: 256-261.EcoReference

No.: 41402

Rejection Code : NO ENDPOINT,CONTROL(SID,BS).



### 64SIDURON AND DEGRADATES

Papers that Were Excluded from ECOTOX

1. 1970). 1986. Siduron Metabolism Revealed: Belasco, I. J. & Reiser, R. W. (1969). Metabolic Fate of Siduron

in the Animal. J. Agric. Fd Chem. 17, 1000. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology 8: 466.

Rejection Code : ABSTRACT.

2. 2001). Guidelines establishing test procedures for the analysis of pollutants under the Clean Water act;

national primary drinking water regulations; and national secondary drinking water regulations;

methods update. Federal Register 66: 3466-3497.

Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA.

3. 1992). Pesticide chemicals manufacturing category effluent limitations guidelines, pretreatment standards,

and new source performance standards. Federal Register 57: 12560-601.

Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA.

4. 1992). Pesticide chemicals manufacturing category effluent limitations guidelines, pretreatment standards,

and new source performance standards. Federal Register 57: 12560-601.

Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA.

5. 1990). Use of Mouse Liver Tumor Data in Risk Assessments Performed by the Usa Epa Au - Beal Dd.

Stevenson, d. E., Et al. (Ed.). Progress in clinical and biological research, vol. 331. Mouse liver

carcinogenesis: mechanisms and species comparisons Symposium, austin, texas, usa, november 30-

december 3, 1988. Xix+444p. Wiley-liss, new york, ne w york, usa. Illus. Isbn 0-471-56695-0.; 0: 5-

18.

Rejection Code : MODELING.

6. Adelstein, D. J., Sharan, V. M., Damm, C., Earle, A. S., Shah, A. C., Ha ria, C. D., Trey, J. E., Carter, S. G.,

and Hines, J. D. ( Concurrent Radiation Therapy, 5-Fluorouracil, and Cisplatin for Stage Ii, Iii, and

Iv, Node-Negative, Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancer. Results and Surgical Implications.

Cancer. 1992, dec 1; 70(11):2685-90. [Cancer]: Cancer

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

7. Akinmade, A. O. and Nicholson, J. W. (1995). Effect of Adhesive Layer Thickness on the Bond Strength of a

Zinc Polycarboxylate Dental Cement. Biomaterials 16: 149-154.

Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA.

8. Alikhanidi, Sokratis and Takahashi, Yoshimasa (20 04). Pesticide persistence in the environment - collected

data and structure-based analysis. Journal of Computer Chemistry, Japan 3: 59-70.

Rejection Code : SURVEY.

9. Alikhanidi, Sokratis and Takahashi, Yoshimasa (20 04). Pesticide persistence in the environment - collected

data and structure-based analysis. Journal of Computer Chemistry, Japan 3: 59-70.

Rejection Code : FATE.

10. Anon (1978). Herbicide. Research Disclosure 167: 18.

Rejection Code : ABSTRACT.

11. Arnold, Donald R., Connor, Dennis A., McManus, Kimberly A., Bakshi, Pradip K., and Cameron, T. Stanley

(1996). Radical ions in photochemistry. 38. The photochemical nucleophile-olefin combination,

aromatic substitution (photo-NOCAS) reaction. Part 11: Involving (R)-(+)-a-terpineol and (R)-(+)-



### 65limonene, substituting on 1,4-dicyanobenzene. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74: 602-612.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

12. Ashton, F. M. and Monaco, T. J. (1991). Weed Science Principles and Practices Third Edition. Ashton, f. M.

And t. J. Monaco. Weed science: principles and practices, third edition. Ix +466p. John wiley and

sons, inc.: New york, new york, usa Chichester, england, uk. Illus. Isbn 0-471-60084-9.; 0: Ix+466p.

Rejection Code : REVIEW.

13. Atkinson, Richard F., Balko, Terry W., Westman, Timothy R., Sypniewski, George C., Carmody, Mary

Anne, Pauler, Charles T., Schade, Carol L., Coulter, Douglas E., Pham, Hien T., and et al (1981).

Formation of olefins in the pyrolysis of N,N-disubstituted carbamates. Journal of Organic

Chemistry 46: 2804-6.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

14. Augsburger, M., DonzÉ, N, MÉ, N&Eacu te, Trey, A., Brossard, C., Sporkert, F., Giroud, C.,

and Mangin, P. ( Concentration of Drugs in Blood of Suspected Impaired Drivers. Forensic sci int.

2005, oct 4; 153(1):11-5. [Forensic science international]: Forensic Sci Int

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

15. Ayano, Eri, Kanazawa, Hideko, Ando, Masanori , and Nishimura, Tetsuji (2004). Determination and

quantitation of sulfonylurea and urea herbicides in water samples using liquid chromatography with

electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection. Analytica Chimica Acta 507: 211-218.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

16. Ayano, Eri, Kanazawa, Hideko, Ando, Masanori , and Nishimura, Tetsuji (2004). Determination and

quantitation of sulfonylurea and urea herbicides in water samples using liquid chromatography with

electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection. Analytica Chimica Acta 507: 211-218.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

17. Ayano, Eri, Okada, Yuji, Sakamoto, Chikako, Kanazawa, Hideko, Okano, Teruo, Ando, Masanori, and

Nishimura, Tetsuji (2005). Analysis of herbic ides in water using temperature-responsive

chromatography and an aqueous mobile phase. Journal of Chromatography, A 1069: 281-285.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

18. Baas, J. M. A. and Wepster, B. M (1972). Nitra tion of monoalkylbenzenes. Conformational analysis and

steric hindrance. III. Sec-cycloalkylbenzenes. Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 91:

285-95.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

19. Babior, B. M. and Trey, C. ( Drug Hepatitis. Int anesthesiol clin. 1970 (summer); 8(2):329-42. [International

anesthesiology clinics]: Int Anesthesiol Clin

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

20. Baer, H H and Breton, R L (1991). Synthesis of alkyl [(alkyl 6-deoxy-alpha-D-gluco-heptopyranosyluronate) 6-deoxy-alpha-D-gluco-heptopyranosid]uronates, a novel type of mirror pseudo cord factor.

Carbohydrate Research 209: 181-189.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

21. Baer, Hans H. and Breton, Roger L. (1991). Synthesis of alkyl [(alkyl 6-deoxy-[alpha]--glucoheptopyranosyl-uronate) 6-deoxy-[alpha]--gluco-he ptopyranosid]uronates, a novel type of mirror

pseudo cord factor. Carbohydrate Research 209: 181-189.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

22. Bassett, Margarita V., Wendelken, Steve C., Dattilio, Teri A., Pepich, Barry V., and Munch, David J (2002).

The Application of Tris Buffer and Copper Sulfat e for the Preservation of Phenylurea Pesticides



### 66Analyzed Using U.S. EPA Meth od 532 in the UCMR Survey. Environmental Science and

Technology 36: 1809-1814.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

23. Behymer, T. D., Bellar, T. A., Ho, J. S., and Budde, W. L (1990). Development of analytical methods for

non-volatiles using liquid chromatograp hy/particle beam/ mass spectrometry. Organohalogen

Compounds 2: 99-102.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

24. Behymer, Thomas D., Bellar, Thomas A., and Budde, William L (1990). Liquid chromatography/particle

beam/mass spectrometry of polar compounds of environmental interest. Analytical Chemistry 62:

1686-90.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

25. Belasco, I. J. and Langsdorf, W. P (1969). Synthesis of carbon-14 labeled siduron and its fate in soil. Journal

of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 17: 1004-7.

Rejection Code : METABOLISM.

26. Belasco, I. J. and Reis er, R. W. (1969). Metabolic Fate of Siduron in the Animal. J.Agric.Food Chem. 17:

1000-1003.

Rejection Code : FATE.

27. Bellar, T. A. and Budde, W. L. (1988). Dete rmination of Nonvolatile Organic Compounds in Aqueous

Environmental Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Anal chem 60: 2076-

2083.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

28. Bellar, Thomas A., Behymer, Thomas D., and Bu dde, William L (1990). Investigation of enhanced ion

abundances from a carrier process in high-perfor mance liquid chromatography particle-beam mass

spectrometry. Journal of the American So ciety for Mass Spectrometry 1: 92-8.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

29. Bellar, Thomas A. and Budde, William L (1988). Determination of nonvolatile organic compounds in

aqueous environmental samples using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Analytical

Chemistry 60: 2076-83.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

30. Bellar, Thomas A., Budde, William L., and Kryak, Da vid D (1994). Investigation of the effect of a dc glow

discharge on the performance of a particle beam liquid chromatography/ma ss spectrometry interface.

Journal of the American So ciety for Mass Spectrometry 5: 908-12.

Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA.

31. Berger, Terry A (1994). Separation of phenylurea herbicides by packed column supercritical fluid

chromatography. Journal of Chromatographic Science 32: 25-9.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

32. Berlin, K. Darrell, Morgan, John G., Peterson , Melbert E., and Pivonka, W. C (1969). Mechanism of

decomposition of alkyl diphenylphosphinates. Journal of Organic Chemistry 34: 1266-71.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

33. Bern, M. M., Mcdermott, W. Jr, Cady, B., Oberfield, R. A., Trey, C., Clouse, M. E., Tullis, J. L., and Parker,

L. M. ( Intraaterial Hepatic Infusion and Intrav enous Adriamycin for Treatment of Hepatocellular

Carcinoma: a Clinical a nd Pharmacology Report. Cancer. 1978, aug; 42(2):399-405. [Cancer]:

Cancer

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.



### 6734. Bernath, G., Csokasi, E., Hever, I., Gera, L., an d Kovacs, K (1971). Stereochem ical studies. IX. Cyclic

aminoalcohols and related compounds. III. Synthesis of some N-acylaminomethylcyclopentane and

cyclohexane derivatives and related compounds. Acta Chimica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae

70: 271-82.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

35. Bernath, G., Kovacs, K., and Lang, K. L (1968). N->O acyl migration in cis- and trans-2-

aminomethylcyclohexanol and cis- and trans-2-hydroxymethylcyclohexylamine derivatives.

Tetrahedron Letters 2713-16.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

36. Bernath, G., Lang, K. L., and Kovacs, K (1972). Stereochemical studies. XVI. Cyclic aminoalcohols and

related compounds. VIII. Examination of the Hammett relation in the nitrogen oxygen acyl

migration of cis- and trans-2-aminomethylcyclohexanol and cis- and trans-2-

hydroxymethylcyclohexylamine derivatives. Acta Physica et Chemica 18: 227-38.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

37. Bernath, Gabor, Kovacs, Kalman , and Lang, Korneli L (1970). Stereo chemical studies. VII. Cyclic

aminoalcohols and related compounds. I. Stereospecific synthesis of cis- and trans-2-aminomethylcyclohexanol and cis- and trans-2-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl-amine. Acta Chimica Academiae

Scientiarum Hungaricae 64: 183-97.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

38. Bernath, Gabor, Kovacs, Kalman , and Lang, Kornelia L (1970). Stereo chemical studies. VIII. Cyclic

aminoalcohols and related compounds. II. N.far.O acyl migrations in cis- and trans-2-

aminomethylcyclohexanol and cis- and trans-2-hydroxymethylcyclohexylamine derivatives. Acta

Chimica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 65: 347-66.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

39. Bianco, Armandodoriano, Bonadies, Francesco, Napolitano, Raffaella, and Ortaggi, Giancarlo (2004).

Synthesis of urethanes by a modified Curtius reaction with alcohols. Organic Preparations and

Procedures International 36: 141-149.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

40. Blaha, K. and Rudinger, J (1965). Amino acids and peptides. XLVIII. Rates of fission of some

cycloalkyloxycarbonylglycines with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid. Collection of Czechoslovak

Chemical Communications 30: 599-604.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

41. Blein, Jean Pierre (1981). Action of some herbic ides on growth, respiration, plasmalemma integrity, and

proton extrusion of Acer pseudoplatanus cells. I. Substituted ureas. Pesticide Biochemistry and

Physiology 16: 179-86.

Rejection Code : IN VITRO.

42. Boden, P. R. , Higginbottom, M., Hill, D. R., Horwe ll, D. C., Hughes, J., Rees, D. C., Roberts, E., Singh, L.,

Suman-Chauhan, N., and Woodruff, G. N (1993). Cholecystokinin dipeptoid antagonists: design,

synthesis, and anxiolytic profile of some novel CCK-A and CCK-B selective and mixed CCKA/CCK-B antagonists. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 36: 552-65.

Rejection Code : IN VITRO.

43. Bollag, Jean M. and Henninger, Nancy M (1976). Influence of pesticides on denitrification in soil and with an

isolated bacterium. Journal of Environmental Quality 5: 15-18.

Rejection Code : BACTERIA.

44. Bollag, Jean M. and Nash, Cheryl L (1974). Effect of chemical structure of phenylureas and anilines on the



### 68denitrification process. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 12: 241-8.

Rejection Code : BACTERIA.

45. Bon, K., LantÉ, Ri-Minet, M., De Pommer y, J., Michiels, J. F., MenÉ, and Trey, D. (

Cyclophosphamide Cystitis as a Model of Visceral Pain in Rats: Minor Effects at Mesodiencephalic

Levels as Revealed by the Expression of C-Fos, With a Note on Krox-24. Exp brain res. 1997, feb;

113(2):249-64. [Experimental brain research. Experimentelle hirnforschung. Experimentation

cerebrale]: Exp Brain Res

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

46. Bon, K., LantÉ, Ri-Minet, M., De Pommer y, J., Michiels, J. F., MenÉ, and Trey, D. (

Cyclophosphamide Cystitis as a Model of Visceral Pa in in Rats. A Survey of Hindbrain Structures

Involved in Visceroception and Nociception Using the Expression of C-Fos and Krox-24 Proteins.

Exp brain res. 1996, mar; 108(3):404-16. [Experimental brain research. Experimentelle

hirnforschung. Experimentation cerebrale]: Exp Brain Res

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

47. Bon, K., LantÉ, Ri-Minet, M., MenÉ, a nd Trey, D. ( Involvement of the Dorsal Paratrigeminal

Nucleus in Visceral Pain-Related Phenomena. C r acad sci iii. 1997, aug; 320(8):607-13. [Comptes

rendus de l'academie des sciences. Serie iii, sciences de la vie]: C R Acad Sci III

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

48. Bon, K., LantÉ, Ri-Minet, M., MenÉ, a nd Trey, D. ( Involvement of the Dorsal Paratrigeminal

Nucleus in Visceral Pain-Relat ed Phenomena (NOT DUPLICATE). C r acad sci iii. 1997, jul;

320(7):533-9. [Comptes rendus de l'academie des scie nces. Serie iii, sciences de la vie]: C R Acad

Sci III

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

49. Bon, K., LantÉ, Ri-Minet, M., MenÉ, Trey, D., and Berkley, K. J. ( Sex, Time-of-Day and

Estrous Variations in Behavioral and Bladder Histological Consequences of CyclophosphamideInduced Cystitis in Rats. Pain. 1997, dec; 73(3):423-9. [Pain]: Pain

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

50. Bon, K., LantÉ, Ri-Minet, M., Michiels, J. F., MenÉ, and Trey, D. ( Cyclophosphamide

Cystitis as a Model of Visceral Pain in Rats: a C-Fos and Krox-24 Study at Telencephalic Levels,

With a Note on Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (Pacap). Exp brain res. 1998,

sep; 122(2):165-74. [Experimental brain research. Experimentelle hirnforschung. Experimentation

cerebrale]: Exp Brain Res

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

51. Booth, H., Franklin, N. C., and Gidley, G. C (1965). Proton magnetic resonance studies of cyclic compounds.

II. N- and 2-Substituted cyclohexylamines. Tetrahedron 21: 1077-85.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

52. Bordwell, Frederick G., Landis, Philip S., and Wh itney, George S (1965). Stereochemistry of free-radical

addition of thiolacetic acid to cyclohexenes. Journal of Organic Chemistry 30: 3764-8.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

53. Boudier, Andreas, Darcel, Christophe, Flachsmann, Felix, Micouin, Laurent, Oestreich, Martin, and Knochel,

Paul (2000). Stereoselective preparation and reactions of configurationally defined dialkylzinc

compounds. Chemistry--A European Journal 6: 2748-2761.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

54. Bradney, Michael A. M., Forbes, Alan D., and Wood , John (1973). Free radical addition of isobutyric acid to

a,w-diolefins. New route to a,a, a',a'-tetramethylalkanedioic acids. Journal of the Chemical Society,



### 69Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) 1655-60.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

55. Bradway, Diane E. and Shafik, Talaat (1977). Electron cap ture gas chromatographic analysis of the amine

metabolites of pesticides: derivatization of anilines. Journal of Chromatographic Science 15: 322-

8.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

56. Braverman, S., Cherkinsky, M., Kedrova, L., and Reiselman, A (1999). A novel synthesis of isocyanates and

ureas via b-elimination of haloform. Tetrahedron Letters 40: 3235-3238.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

57. Bremner, J. M. and Salomon, M (1966). Reaction of a-amino acids with peri-naphthindan-2,3,4-trione

hydrate. Analytical Biochemistry 16: 179-81.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

58. Briggs, W. Scott and Djerassi, Carl (1968). Mass sp ectrometry in structural and stereochemical problems.

CXLII. Electron impact. Induced analogies to thermal elimination processes in S-methyl xanthates

and esters. Journal of Organic Chemistry 33: 1612-24.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

59. Briggs, W. Scott and Djerassi, Carl (1968). Pyrolysis of the epimeric unlabeled and 2-methyl-cyclohexyl-2-dS-methyl xanthates and acetates. Journal of Organic Chemistry 33: 1625-9.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

60. Brown, H., Trey, C., and Mcdermott, W. V. Jr ( Lactulose Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy in

Outpatients. Arch surg. 1971, jan; 102(1):25-7. [Archives of surgery]: Arch Surg

. Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

61. Brown, Herbert C., Imai, Toshiro, Desai, Manoj C., and Singaram, Bakthan (1985). Chiral synthesis via

organoboranes. 3. Conversion of boronic esters of essentially 100% optical purity to aldehydes,

acids, and homologated alcohols of very high enantiomeric purities. Journal of the American

Chemical Society 107: 4980-3.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

62. Brown, Herbert C. and Negishi, Eiichi (1971). F acile reaction of B-alkylboracy clanes with a,b-unsaturated

carbonyl derivatives. Extension of the 1,4-addition reaction via orga noboranes to highly branched

secondary and tertiary alkyl groups. Journal of the American Chemical Society 93: 3777-9.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

63. Brown, Herbert C., Ramachandran, P. V., and Chandrasekharan, J (1986). Organoboranes. 47. An extremely

facile elimination of alkenes from dialkylhalo boranes. A comparative rate study with related

trialkylboranes. Organometallics 5: 2138-41.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

64. Brown, Herbert Charles, Bhatt, M. V., Munekata, Takashi, and Zweifel, George (1967). Organoboranes. VII.

The displacement reaction with organoboranes derived from the hydrobor ation of cyclic and bicyclic

olefins. Conversion of endocyclic to exocyclic double bonds. Journal of the American Chemical

Society 89: 567-71.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

65. Bruin, P., Bickel, A. F., and Kooyman, E. C (1952). Free-radical reactions involving sulfur compounds. I.

The interaction of 2-cyano-2-propyl radicals and thiols. Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des PaysBas et de la Belgique 71: 1115-23.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.



### 7066. Bucknall, C. B (1963). Influence of phenol antioxidants on properties of polystyrene-styrene-butadiene

rubber mixtures. Transactions, Institution of the Rubber Industry T221-T34.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

67. Budde, William L., Wang, Nan, and Maizels, M ila (2001). LC/MS using a bench-top time-of-flight mass

spectrometer. Preprints of Extended Abstracts presented at the ACS National Meeting, American

Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry 41: 646-648.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

68. Cabay, Marcus E., Ettlie, Brad J., Tuite, Adam J., Welday, Kurt A., and Mohan, Ram S (2001). The

discovery-oriented approach to organic chemistry. 5. Stereochemistry of E2 elimination: elimination

of cis- and trans-2-methylcyclohexyl tosylate. Journal of Chemical Education 78: 79-80.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

69. Caglioti, L. , Gasparrini, F., Palmieri, G ., and Misiti, D (1976). Oxidation of N-alkyl-N'-ptolylsulfonylhydrazines. A new convenient synthesis of hydroperoxides. Tetrahedron Letters 3987-

8.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

70. Cai, Yudong, Dang, Hai-Shan, and Roberts, Brian P (2002). Regioselectivity in the ring-opening b-scission of

2-phenyl-1,3-dioxan-2-yl radicals derived from bicyclic benzylidene acetals. Journal of the

Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1 2449-2458.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

71. Carnahan, R. M., Kutscher, E. C., Obritsch, M. D. , and Rasmussen, L. D. (2005). Acute Ethanol Intoxication

After Consumption of Hairspray. Pharmacotherapy [Pharmacotherapy]. Vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 1646-

1650. Nov 2005.

Rejection Code : HUMAN HEALTH.

72. Casalegno, Mose', Sello, Guido, and Benfenati, Emilio (2006). Top-Priority Fragment QSAR Approach in

Predicting Pesticide Aquatic Toxicity. Chemical Research in Toxicology 19: 1533-1539.

Rejection Code : QSAR.

73. Cha, Jin Soon, Kim, Jin Euog, Lee, Jae Cheol, and Yoon, Mal Sook (1986). Attempts on the preparation of

lithium trialkoxyborohydrides. Stability and stereoselective reduction of cyclic ketones. Bulletin of

the Korean Chemical Society 7: 66-9.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

74. Chandrasekhar, S., Reddy, Ch. Raji, Rao, R. Jagadeeshwar, and Rao, J. Madhusudana (2002). Efficient and

chemoselective deoxygenation of amine N-oxides using polymethylhydrosiloxane. Synlett 349-351.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

75. Chapman, K. L., Lawes, M. J., and Macleod, M. M. (1998). Evaluation of Non-Lethal Control Methods on

Problematic Samango Monkeys in the Cape Vidal Recreation Reserve, Greater St. Lucia Wetland

Park. South African Journal of Wildlife Research [S. Afr. J. Wildl. Res.]. Vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 89-99.

Sep 1998.

Rejection Code : MONKEY.

76. Cherfils, J. , MÉ, NÉ, Trey, J., Ma thieu, M., Le Bras, G., Robineau, S., BÉ, RaudDufour, S., Antonny, B., and Chardin, P. ( Structur e of the Sec7 Domain of the Arf Exchange Factor

Arno. Nature. 1998, mar 5; 392(6671):101-5. [Nature]: Nature

. Rejection Code : IN VITRO.

77. Chu, Xiao-Gang, Hu, Xiao-Zhong, and Yao, Hui-Yuan (2005). Determination of 266 pesticide residues in

apple juice by matrix solid-phase dispersion an d gas chromatography-mass selective detection .



### 71Journal of Chromatography, A 1063: 201-210.

Rejection Code : METHODS.

78. Close, M. E. and Canter, L. W. (1990). A Planning Index for Assessing Potential Pesticide Contamination in

Ground Water Systems. Environ prof 12: 278-285.

Rejection Code : NO TOX DATA.

79. Cohen, S., Svrjcek, A., Durbor ow, T., and Barnes, N. L. (1999). Water Quality Impacts by Golf Courses.

Journal of environmental quality 28: 798-809.

Rejection Code : FATE.

80. Cohen, S. Z. , Nickerson, S., Maxey, R., Dupuy, A. Jr, and Senita, J. A. (1990). A Ground Water Monitoring

Study for Pesticides and Nitrates Associated Wi th Golf Courses on Cape Cod Massachusetts Usa.

Ground water monit rev 10: 160-173.

Rejection Code : FATE.

81. Cook, A. Gilbert, Switek, Karen A., Cutler, Kenneth A., and Witt, Allison M (2004). Synthesis and

isomerization of 3-pyrroline enamines. Letters in Organic Chemistry 1: 1-5.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

82. Craig, J. Cymerman, Naik, A. R., Pratt, R., Johnson, Evelyn, an d Bhacca, N. S (1965). Nuclear magnetic

resonance spectra and stereochemistry of the an tibacterial principle from Haematoxylon braziletto.

Journal of Organic Chemistry 30: 1573-6.

Rejection Code : CHEM METHODS.

83. Crenshaw, Michael D. and Cummings, David B (2004). Preparation, Derivatization with

Trimethylsilyldiazomethane, and GC/MS Analysis of a \"Pool\" of Alkyl Methylphosphonic Acids

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### 84228. Miura, Katsukiyo, Yamada, Yusuke, Tomita, Mitsuru, and Hosomi, Akira (2004). Indium(III) acetatecatalyzed 1,4-reduction and reductive aldol reactions of a-enones with phenylsilane. Synlett 1985-

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### 87Rejection Code : QSAR.

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273. Samant, S. S., Dhar, U., and Rawal, R. S. (2 000). Assessment of Fuel Resource Diversity and Utilization

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### 96

# APPENDIX B. Environmental Fate and Transport Study

Details

Abiotic Degradation

161-1 Hydrolysis

In an acceptable study (MRID MRID: 93201022), the hydrolysis of siduron at 10 ppm, was

studied in the dark at 25 ± 1°C in sterile aque ous buffered pH 5, pH 7, and pH 9 solutions for 30

days. [ 14 

### C]-siduron over 98% of the applied in the pH 5, pH 7, and pH 9 solutions solutions

throughout the experiment. Half- lives were not calculated be cause siduron was stable to

hydrolysis.

161-2 Aqueous Photolysis

In an acceptable study (MRID 41811301), the aqueous photot ransformation of siduron at

5.1 ppm, was studied in sterile pH 7 buffer at 17.7-31.6 °C under c ontinuous irradiation using a

UV-filtered xenon arc lamp for 30 days. [ 14 

### C]-siduron did not degrade in either the irradiated or

dark control solutions. At 718.5 hours posttreatment (30

days), parent siduron was 87.5-89.4% of the applied radioactivity in the i rradiated samples and

97.6-99.2% in the dark controls . There were f our uncharacterized degradates, nome of which

exceeded 7.3% of the applied. Carbaln dioxide wa s 0,O-1.4% of the applie d in the irradiated

solutions and 10.1% in the dark cor'ttrols; no volatile ["Clresidues were detected. During the

study, daterial balances were 96.1-102.8% for the irradiated solutions and 96.1-106.2% for the

dark controls. A half-life was not calculated beca use siduron was stable in both the irradiated and

dark control solutions.

161-3 Soil Photolysis

In an acceptable study (MRID 41811302), Uniformly phenyl ring- labeled [ 14c] siduron

(radiochemical purity 99.3%), at 844 ppm, did not degrade on sunlight-i rradiated silt loam soil

that was maintained outdoors (Richmond, Calif ornia) for 30 days in a quartz covered

temperature-controlled (average temperature 24.4"C) chamber or on dark control soil maintained

under similar conditions. The average daily light intensity ranged from 7,685 to 11,971 uw/cm2

and the cumulative light energy for the 30- day study was 287.24 W-minutes/cmz . At 718 hours

posttreatment (30 days), [14C] siduron comp rised 86.5-94.9% and 88.8-97.1% of the applied

radioactivity in the irradiated and dark control samples, respectively. Unidentified extracted

radioactivity in th e 30-day irradiated and dark control samples varied from 0 to 7.4% of the

applied but was composed of up to 17 peaks (16 quantifiable HPLCbands), none of which

exceeded 4.5% of the recovered radioactivity. The extrapolated half-life study is 289.6 day.

Metabolism

97

### 162-1 Aerobic Soil Metabolism

In an acceptable aerobic soil metabolism study (MRID 42159601), Uniformly phenyl ring-l

abeled and methyl - labeled siduron (radioche mical purities 100%) degrad ed with registrantcalculated half-lives of 694 and 617 days, respectively, when incubated in the dark at 24-26'C for

12 months. No degradates were identified. Extr actable phenyl ring-lab eled [14C] siduron was

93.1-94.6% of the applied radioac tivity immediately posttreatme nt, 67.3-68.4% at 6 months, and

61.5-65.7% at 12 months (Table V). No degradates were identified; A t 12 months posttreatment,

C0 2 

### comprosed 4.4-5.8% of the app lied radioactivity, a nd volatile organic compounds were 0.1-

0.2% of the applied

. Unextracted radioactivity was 2.2% of the applied immediately

posttreatment and increased to 15.8-16.5% at 12 months. Material balances were 84.6-104.9%.

In an acceptable aerobic soil metabolism study (MRID 43846701), Methyl-labeled [14C]siduron

(radiochemical purity 99.0%), at a nominal application rate

of 6.0 ppm, degraded with a half-life of 2.4 year s in sandy loam soil adjusted to 75% of 0.33 bar

moisture content and incubated in darkness at 25 ± 1 o 

### C for up to 12 months. The parent

compound was present at 73.9% of the applied radioactivity at 12 months posttreatment

Unidentified radioactivity was initially (day 14) detected at 1.2% of the

applied radioactivity, increas ed to 6.1 % by 6 months and a maximum of 8.1 % by 9

months, and was 7.7% of the applied at 12 months posttreatment. Cotmplete TLC

characterization data were not reported for th e degradates; only data for two soil extracts

(6 and 12 months) were reported. Based on TLC analysis, the minor degradate 2-

methylcyclohexylurea accounted for 6.3% of the applied radioactivity at 6 months

posttreatment and was 7.0% of the a pplied at 12 months posttreatment.

The minor degradate 2-methylcyclohexylamine accounted for 1.9% of the applied

radioactivity at 6 months posttreatment and was 2.1% of the app lied a.i.t 12 months

posttreatment. Unidentified minor degradates (at least 6) were each present at 12.6% of

the applied radioactivity at 6 and 12 m onths posttreatment. Nonextractable [ 14 

### C]residues

were initially (time 0) 0.7% of the applied radioac tivity, increased to 7.5% of the applied

by 7 days posttreatment, decreased to 2.6% of the applied by 1 month posttreatment,

increased to a maximum of 1 1.8% of the applied by 9 months posttreatment, and were

10.1 % of the applied at 12 months posttreatment. Evolved 14 

### C0 2 

### , initially (day 3) accounted for

0.1% of the applied radio activity, increased to a maximum of 3.3% of the

applied by 9 months posttreatment, and was 2.8% of the applied at 12 months

posttreatment; [ 14 

### C]organic volatiles were negligible. Mate rial balances (based on LSC analysis

of individual replicates ) were 92.1-102.2% of the applied ra dioactivity throughout the incubation

period, with no observed pattern of decline.

162-2 Anaerobic Soil Metabolism

In an acceptable anaerobic soil metabolism study (MRID 41618201),

Uniformly phenyl-ring labeled and methyl-labeled [ 14 

### C]siduron

(radiochemical purities 95.6% a nd 99.4%, respectively), at a

theoretical starting concentrati on of approximately 12 ppm, degrad ed slowly on loam soil that

was incubated under anaerolbic conditions (nitrogen atmosphere) for 60 days at approximately

27°C following a 30 day aerobic incuba tion period. Phenyl ring-l abeled [14c] s iduron was

98

### 88.4% of the recovered radi oactivity at 30 days posttreatment (0 days anaerobiosis), 85.4% at 60

days, and 79.2% at 90 days (Table 11). The degradates phenylurea a nd cyclohexyl-keto-siduron

were a maximum of 0.3% and 1.0% of the recovered radioactiv ity, respectively, at 60 days

posttreatment. Carbon dioxide comprised 12.0% of the recovered radioactivity at 90 days

posttreatment and unextracted ra dioactivity was 8.6-10.4% of the recovered. Material balances

were not provided. Methyl-labeled [14c] siduron was 90.2% of the recovered radioactivity at 30

days posttreatment (0 days an aerobiosis), 85.2% at 60 days, and 78.9% at 90 days. The degradate

was 2.0-2.3% of the recovered radioactivity at 30- 60 days posttreatment but was not detected at

90 days. A degradate mixture ("conglomerate") consisting of cyclohexyl-keto-siduron,

hydroxylated methylcyclohexylamine, and 2-met hylcyclohexylurea was a maximum of 52.7% of

the recovered radioactivity at 60 days posttreatment. One degradate, present at 1.2% of the

recovered, was not identified. Carb on dioxide comprised 7.4% of th e recovered radioactivity at

90 days posttreatment, and unextracted radi oactivity was 5.2-8.8% of the recovered.

163-1 Mobility and Persistence

Batch Equilibrium

In an acceptable study (MRID 41811303) uniformly phenyl ring-labeled [ 14 

### C] s iduron

(radiochemical purity >99%), at 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, a nd 5.0 ug/mL, was determined to be mobile

in sandy loam (20 g:30 mL), silt loam, and s ilty clay loam soil (5 g:30 mL):O.Ol N CaCl 2 

### solution slurries equilibrated for 24 hours at 25 C in the dark. Freundlich K ads 

### values were 0.95

and 1.49 for the two sandy loam soils, 3.89 for the silt loam soil, and 5.92 for the silty clay loam

soil; corresponding K

oc 

### , values were 211.87, 175.26, 268.46, and 236.84. Adsorption increased

with increasing organic matter and cl ay content of the soils. Freundlich K des 

### values were 2.79,

3.0151, 6.65, and 7.49, respectively; corresponding K

oc 

### , values were 620.60, 354.72, 459.01,

and 299.80. The material balances were 89.7-108.8%.

164-1 Terrestrial Fi eld Dissipation

In a supplmental study (MRID 46801716), Siduron [1- (2 -methylcyclohexyl ) -3-phenyl

urea] dissipated with ha1f-lives of 48 -64 days from the upper 18 inches of bareground plots of

sandy loam soil located i n California and baregro und and turf plots o f loamy sand s o i l located

i n Wisconsin after a single broa dcast application of siduron (Tupers an 50 WP) at 12 I b a.i./A.

In the California turf plots , siduron dissipated with a half - life of 9 days from the upper 18

inches of sandy loam soil following treatmen t; there was no obvious explanation for the

significant difference in the rate s of dissipation between the Calif ornia turf plots and the other

sites. Siduron leached to the 6- to 12-inch soil depth at the Wisconsin (loamy sand) site and to

the 12- to 18-inch depth at the California (sandy loam) site; soil layers below 18 inches were not

analyzed for siduron at the California site. In Porterville,

California , siduron dissipated with a regi strantcalculated half-1ife of 64 days from the upper 18

inches of bareground plots of sandy loam soil. In the 0- t o 6-inch soil depth, siduron decreased

99

### to 0.030 ppm at 360 days. Siduron was detected in the 6- to 12-inch soil depth, and 12- to 18-

inch soil depth. Results from analysis of s o i l from the 18- t o 24- and 24- to 36-inch soil depths

were not reported.

Also at the California si te, siduron dissipated with a half-1ife of 9 days from the 0- to 18-inch

depth o f sandy loam soil of blue fescue turf plots (12 x 63 feet) following treatment. Siduron

was detected in the 6- to 12- and 12- to 18-inch soil depths

In Verona, Wisconsi n, siduron dissipated with a half-life of 48 days fromthe upper 18 inches of

bareground plots of loamy sand soil. Siduron was detected in the 6- to 12-,

12- to 18-, 18- to 24-, and 24- to 36-inch depths.

Also at the Wisconsin site, siduron dissipated with a registrantcalculated

half-life of 53 days from the 0- to 18-inch depth of loamy sand soil of bluegrass turf plots.

Siduron was not detected in the 6- to 12-, 12- to 18-, 18- to 24-, and 24- to 36-inch soil depths.

165-4 B ioaccumulation in fish

In an acceptable study (MRID# 41811305), [ 14 

### C]Siduron residues accumu lated in bluegill

sunfish exposed to uniformly phenyl ring-l abeled [ 14 

### C]s iduron (purity 95.6%) plus unlabeled

siduron (purity 98.7%) at 0.16 pprn for 28 days under flowthrough conditions. The mean

bioconcentration factors were 6.8X for edible tissues (muscle), 70.0~f or nonedible tissues

(viscera and carcass), and 33.0X fo r whole fish. Residues in the none dible tissues and whole fish

were not further characterized. In edible tissues sampled after 28 days of exposure,

hexaneextractable [ 14 

### C] residues averaged 7.5% of the total [ 14 

### C] residues

accumulated in the exposure period, methanol-extractable [ 14 

### C] residues averaged 50%, and

unextracted [ 14 

### C] residues averaged 60%; residues were not further characterized.

By day 10 of the 14-day depuration period, l oo%, 96%, and 100% of the accumulated [ 14 

### c]

residues had been eliminated from the edible, nonedible, and whole fi sh tissues, respectively.

The apparent halflife for elimination of [ 14 

### C] residue from whole fish was 1-3 days.

Throughout the study, the temperature of the treate d water was 17"C, the pH ranged from 6.7 to

7.4, and the dissolved oxygen content was 8.5 mg/L ; values were comparable for the control

water. During the exposure period, total [ 14 

### C ]residuesi n the treated water were 0.15-0.16 mg/L;

residues in the water were not further characterized.

100

# APPENDIX C: PRZM/EXAMS Output Data from the FL, PA

Turf, and PA Alfalfa Scenarios

Specialty Application (golf cour se tees and greens) in FL

stored as siduronFLTurfspec.out

Chemical: siduron

PRZM environment:

FLturfC.txt modified Monday, 16 June 2003 at 15:48:06

EXAMS environment:

pond298.exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 17:33:30

Metfile: w12834.dvf modified We dday, 3 July 2002 at 09:04:28

Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

1961 539 535 519 494 480 202

1962 937 934 922 910 896 648

1963 1490 1480 1460 1420 1400 1110

1964 2030 2030 2000 1960 1930 1600

1965 2030 2020 2010 1970 1950 1820

1966 2640 2630 2590 2580 2570 2140

1967 2490 2490 2460 2420 2390 2300

1968 2840 2830 2800 2740 2710 2450

1969 2950 2950 2920 2900 2870 2610

1970 2700 2700 2690 2660 2640 2470

1971 2570 2560 2530 2480 2470 2300

1972 2800 2790 2750 2680 2640 2360

1973 2470 2470 2460 2430 2410 2300

1974 2310 2300 2280 2240 2220 2120

1975 2140 2140 2120 2090 2070 2030

1976 2400 2390 2370 2320 2290 2150

1977 2480 2470 2440 2410 2390 2200

1978 2440 2430 2420 2390 2390 2280

1979 2630 2620 2600 2550 2540 2350

1980 2390 2390 2380 2360 2340 2250

1981 2320 2320 2300 2260 2230 2070

1982 2410 2400 2380 2360 2350 2210

1983 2530 2520 2500 2460 2440 2280

1984 2520 2510 2490 2470 2450 2350

1985 2310 2310 2300 2280 2260 2200

1986 2210 2210 2190 2160 2140 2040

1987 2000 1990 1990 1970 1950 1880

1988 1760 1760 1750 1740 1720 1680

1989 1590 1590 1590 1570 1560 1500

1990 1470 1470 1450 1420 1400 1360

Sorted results

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly



### 1010.032258065 2950 2950 2920 2900 2870 2610

0.064516129 2840 2830 2800 2740 2710 2470

0.096774194 2800 2790 2750 2680 2640 2450

0.129032258 2700 2700 2690 2660 2640 2360

0.161290323 2640 2630 2600 2580 2570 2350

0.193548387 2630 2620 2590 2550 2540 2350

0.225806452 2570 2560 2530 2480 2470 2300

0.258064516 2530 2520 2500 2470 2450 2300

0.290322581 2520 2510 2490 2460 2440 2300

0.322580645 2490 2490 2460 2430 2410 2280

0.35483871 2480 2470 2460 2420 2390 2280

0.387096774 2470 2470 2440 2410 2390 2250

0.419354839 2440 2430 2420 2390 2390 2210

0.451612903 2410 2400 2380 2360 2350 2200

0.483870968 2400 2390 2380 2360 2340 2200

0.516129032 2390 2390 2370 2320 2290 2150

0.548387097 2320 2320 2300 2280 2260 2140

0.580645161 2310 2310 2300 2260 2230 2120

0.612903226 2310 2300 2280 2240 2220 2070

0.64516129 2210 2210 2190 2160 2140 2040

0.677419355 2140 2140 2120 2090 2070 2030

0.709677419 2030 2030 2010 1970 1950 1880

0.741935484 2030 2020 2000 1970 1950 1820

0.774193548 2000 1990 1990 1960 1930 1680

0.806451613 1760 1760 1750 1740 1720 1600

0.838709677 1590 1590 1590 1570 1560 1500

0.870967742 1490 1480 1460 1420 1400 1360

0.903225806 1470 1470 1450 1420 1400 1110

0.935483871 937 934 922 910 896 648

0.967741935 539 535 519 494 480 202

0.1 2790 2781 2744 2678 2640 2441

Average of yearly averages: 1975.333

Inputs generated by pe4.pl - 8-August-2003

Data used for this run:

Output File: siduronFLTurfspec

Metfile: w12834.dvf

PRZM scenario: FLturfC.txt

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv

Chemical Name: siduron

Description Variable Name Value Units Comments

Molecular weight mwt 232.3 g/mol

Henry's Law Const. henry 6.90E-08 atm-m^3/mol

Vapor Pressure vapr 4.00E-09 torr

Solubility sol 22.3 mg/L

Kd Kd mg/L

Koc Koc 223 mg/L

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Half-life



### 102Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1548 days Halfife

Anaerobic Aquatic

Metabolism kbacs 730 days Halfife

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 774 days Halfife

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half-life

Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0 cm

Application Rate: TAPP 24.6 kg/ha

Application Efficiency: A PPEFF 0.99 fraction

Spray Drift DRFT 0.01 fraction of application rate applied to pond

Application Date Date 4-May dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm

Interval 1 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Interval 2 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Interval 3 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Interval 4 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Interval 5 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Record 17: FILTRA

IPSCND 1

U P T K F

Record 18: PLVKRT

PLDKRT

FEXTRC 0.5

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, mont hly or total(average of entire run)



## Specialty Application (golf cour se tees and greens) in PA

stored as siduronPATurfspec.out

Chemical: siduron

PRZM environment: PAturfC.txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 18:27:02

EXAMS environment:

pond298.exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 17:33:30

Metfile: w14737.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09:06:12

Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

1961 397 394 384 370 362 177

1962 577 575 572 565 558 435

1963 784 781 777 765 757 598

1964 749 748 743 741 740 729

1965 757 755 750 746 742 726

1966 849 847 843 831 825 749

1967 1160 1150 1140 1120 1120 964

1968 1190 1190 1180 1170 1160 1100

1969 1510 1500 1480 1450 1430 1210

1970 1350 1350 1340 1330 1330 1310

1971 1730 1730 1710 1680 1660 1430

1972 1830 1830 1820 1810 1810 1690

1973 2160 2160 2140 2110 2090 1900

1974 2060 2050 2050 2040 2030 2000



### 1031975 1980 1980 1960 1940 1930 1910

1976 2140 2140 2120 2100 2080 1910

1977 2020 2020 2020 2010 2010 1960

1978 2020 2010 2000 1980 1960 1890

1979 2110 2110 2090 2070 2050 1920

1980 1980 1980 1980 1970 1960 1880

1981 1800 1800 1790 1790 1780 1740

1982 2090 2080 2060 2030 2010 1810

1983 1930 1930 1920 1910 1910 1870

1984 2010 2000 1990 1980 1970 1880

1985 2200 2200 2180 2150 2130 1960

1986 2110 2110 2100 2100 2090 2040

1987 2300 2300 2280 2240 2210 2020

1988 2250 2240 2220 2220 2210 2140

1989 2270 2260 2250 2220 2200 2140

1990 2400 2400 2380 2340 2320 2190

Sorted results

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

0.032258065 2400 2400 2380 2340 2320 2190

0.064516129 2300 2300 2280 2240 2210 2140

0.096774194 2270 2260 2250 2220 2210 2140

0.129032258 2250 2240 2220 2220 2200 2040

0.161290323 2200 2200 2180 2150 2130 2020

0.193548387 2160 2160 2140 2110 2090 2000

0.225806452 2140 2140 2120 2100 2090 1960

0.258064516 2110 2110 2100 2100 2080 1960

0.290322581 2110 2110 2090 2070 2050 1920

0.322580645 2090 2080 2060 2040 2030 1910

0.35483871 2060 2050 2050 2030 2010 1910

0.387096774 2020 2020 2020 2010 2010 1900

0.419354839 2020 2010 2000 1980 1970 1890

0.451612903 2010 2000 1990 1980 1960 1880

0.483870968 1980 1980 1980 1970 1960 1880

0.516129032 1980 1980 1960 1940 1930 1870

0.548387097 1930 1930 1920 1910 1910 1810

0.580645161 1830 1830 1820 1810 1810 1740

0.612903226 1800 1800 1790 1790 1780 1690

0.64516129 1730 1730 1710 1680 1660 1430

0.677419355 1510 1500 1480 1450 1430 1310

0.709677419 1350 1350 1340 1330 1330 1210

0.741935484 1190 1190 1180 1170 1160 1100

0.774193548 1160 1150 1140 1120 1120 964

0.806451613 849 847 843 831 825 749

0.838709677 784 781 777 765 757 729

0.870967742 757 755 750 746 742 726

0.903225806 749 748 743 741 740 598

0.935483871 577 575 572 565 558 435

0.967741935 397 394 384 370 362 177



### 1040.1 2268 2258 2247 2220 2209 2130

Average of yearly averages: 1542.6

Inputs generated by pe4. pl - 8-August-2003

Data used for this run:

Output File: siduronPATurfspec

Metfile: w14737.dvf

PRZM scenario: PAturfC.txt

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv

Chemical Name: siduron

Description Variable Name Value Units Comments

Molecular weight mwt 232.3 g/mol

Henry's Law Const. henry 6.90E-08 atm-m^3/mol

Vapor Pressure vapr 4.00E-09 torr

Solubility sol 22.3 mg/L

Kd Kd mg/L

Koc Koc 223 mg/L

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Half-life

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1548 days Halfife

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 730 days Halfife

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 774 days Halfife

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half-life

Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0 cm

Application Rate: TAPP 24.6 kg/ha

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.99 fraction

Spray Drift DRFT 0.01 fraction of application rate applied to pond

Application Date Date 4-May dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm

Interval 1 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Interval 2 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Interval 3 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Interval 4 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Interval 5 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Record 17: FILTRA

IPSCND 1

U P T K F

Record 18: PLVKRT

PLDKRT

FEXTRC 0.5

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, mont hly or total(average of entire run)



### 105

## Established turf in FL (2 applications @180 days intervals)

stored as siduronFLturfseq180.out

Chemical: siduron

PRZM environment: FLturfC.txt modified Monday, 16 June 2003 at 15:48:06

EXAMS environment:

pond298.exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 17:33:30

Metfile: w12834.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09:04:28

Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

1961 17.25 17.19 16.93 16.56 16.45 8.824

1962 57.25 56.92 55.68 54.61 54.35 37.39

1963 112 112 110 96.81 89.95 70.81

1964 214 213 208 200 196 160

1965 224 223 220 215 212 193

1966 245 244 242 237 234 215

1967 244 243 241 237 234 224

1968 334 333 328 320 306 254

1969 329 328 325 322 313 302

1970 326 325 323 318 314 301

1971 407 405 400 391 379 326

1972 417 416 412 400 379 359

1973 394 393 391 385 382 361

1974 344 344 342 338 335 319

1975 308 307 305 300 297 285

1976 406 404 397 389 383 333

1977 338 337 336 333 330 319

1978 448 446 442 434 422 353

1979 502 501 494 481 445 405

1980 466 465 462 456 451 427

1981 390 389 388 385 384 368

1982 472 471 465 454 447 399

1983 496 494 487 476 459 404

1984 497 496 491 481 474 451

1985 456 455 453 447 444 424

1986 407 407 405 400 398 382

1987 368 368 366 362 360 348

1988 388 387 383 353 340 331

1989 743 739 725 697 658 434

1990 644 643 637 626 619 571

Sorted results

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

0.032258065 743 739 725 697 658 571

0.064516129 644 643 637 626 619 451

0.096774194 502 501 494 481 474 434

0.129032258 497 496 491 481 459 427

0.161290323 496 494 487 476 451 424

0.193548387 472 471 465 456 447 405



### 1060.225806452 466 465 462 454 445 404

0.258064516 456 455 453 447 444 399

0.290322581 448 446 442 434 422 382

0.322580645 417 416 412 400 398 368

0.35483871 407 407 405 400 384 361

0.387096774 407 405 400 391 383 359

0.419354839 406 404 397 389 382 353

0.451612903 394 393 391 385 379 348

0.483870968 390 389 388 385 379 333

0.516129032 388 387 383 362 360 331

0.548387097 368 368 366 353 340 326

0.580645161 344 344 342 338 335 319

0.612903226 338 337 336 333 330 319

0.64516129 334 333 328 322 314 302

0.677419355 329 328 325 320 313 301

0.709677419 326 325 323 318 306 285

0.741935484 308 307 305 300 297 254

0.774193548 245 244 242 237 234 224

0.806451613 244 243 241 237 234 215

0.838709677 224 223 220 215 212 193

0.870967742 214 213 208 200 196 160

0.903225806 112 112 110 96.81 89.95 70.81

0.935483871 57.25 56.92 55.68 54.61 54.35 37.39

0.967741935 17.25 17.19 16.93 16.56 16.45 8.824

0.1 501.5 500.5 493.7 481 472.5 433.3

Average of yearly

averages: 312.1675

Inputs generated by pe4.pl - 8-August-2003

Data used for this run:

Output File: siduronFLturfseq180

Metfile: w12834.dvf

PRZM scenario: FLturfC.txt

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv

Chemical Name: siduron

Description Variable

Name Value Units Comments

Molecular weight mwt 232.3 g/mol

Henry's Law Const. henry 6.90E08 atm-m^3/mol

Vapor Pressure vapr 4.00E09 torr

Solubility sol 22.3 mg/L

Kd Kd mg/L

Koc Koc 223 mg/L

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Halflife

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1548 days Halfife

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 730 days Halfife

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 774 days Halfife

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Halflife



### 107Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0 cm

Application Rate: TAPP 13.4 kg/ha

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.99 fraction

Spray Drift DRFT 0.01 fraction of application rate applied to pond

Application Date Date 4-May dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm

Interval 1 interval 180 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Record 17: FILTRA

IPSCND 1

UPTKF

Record 18: PLVKRT

PLDKRT

FEXTRC 0.5

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, mont hly or total(average of entire run)



## Established turf in PA (2 applications @180 days intervals)

stored as siduronPAturfseq180.out

Chemical: siduron

PRZM environment: PAturfC.txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 18:27:02

EXAMS environment:

pond298.exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 17:33:30

Metfile: w14737.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09:06:12

Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

1961 40.26 40.14 39.2 34.36 32.03 18.86

1962 72.7 72.43 71.42 69.7 63.28 48.18

1963 132 132 129 123 106 76.88

1964 144 144 143 136 133 126

1965 145 145 144 142 141 139

1966 144 144 143 141 140 137

1967 158 158 157 155 153 146

1968 203 203 201 199 198 180

1969 190 190 189 187 187 182

1970 212 211 210 209 201 181

1971 242 241 239 236 228 207

1972 293 292 289 280 263 237

1973 279 279 278 276 274 265

1974 268 267 266 264 263 259

1975 298 297 294 291 281 260

1976 296 296 294 291 288 274

1977 307 306 304 300 297 288

1978 300 300 298 294 292 285

1979 279 279 277 275 274 269

1980 260 260 259 258 257 251

1981 256 256 255 252 251 244

1982 242 241 240 238 236 232

1983 274 274 271 267 264 247

1984 321 320 318 313 306 287



### 1081985 327 326 325 318 315 306

1986 362 361 358 353 349 328

1987 318 317 317 317 315 303

1988 320 319 317 306 300 292

1989 321 321 319 316 313 307

1990 330 329 326 321 314 305

Sorted results

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

0.032258065 362 361 358 353 349 328

0.064516129 330 329 326 321 315 307

0.096774194 327 326 325 318 315 306

0.129032258 321 321 319 317 314 305

0.161290323 321 320 318 316 313 303

0.193548387 320 319 317 313 306 292

0.225806452 318 317 317 306 300 288

0.258064516 307 306 304 300 297 287

0.290322581 300 300 298 294 292 285

0.322580645 298 297 294 291 288 274

0.35483871 296 296 294 291 281 269

0.387096774 293 292 289 280 274 265

0.419354839 279 279 278 276 274 260

0.451612903 279 279 277 275 264 259

0.483870968 274 274 271 267 263 251

0.516129032 268 267 266 264 263 247

0.548387097 260 260 259 258 257 244

0.580645161 256 256 255 252 251 237

0.612903226 242 241 240 238 236 232

0.64516129 242 241 239 236 228 207

0.677419355 212 211 210 209 201 182

0.709677419 203 203 201 199 198 181

0.741935484 190 190 189 187 187 180

0.774193548 158 158 157 155 153 146

0.806451613 145 145 144 142 141 139

0.838709677 144 144 143 141 140 137

0.870967742 144 144 143 136 133 126

0.903225806 132 132 129 123 106 76.88

0.935483871 72.7 72.43 71.42 69.7 63.28 48.18

0.967741935 40.26 40.14 39.2 34.36 32.03 18.86

0.1 326.4 325.5 324.4 317.9 314.9 305.9

Average of yearly averages: 222.6973

Inputs generated by pe4. pl - 8-August-2003

Data used for this run:

Output File: siduronPAturfseq180

Metfile: w14737.dvf

PRZM scenario: PAturfC.txt

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv



### 109Chemical Name: siduron

Description Variable

Name Value Units Comments

Molecular weight mwt 232.3 g/mol

Henry's Law Const. henry 6.90E08 atm-m^3/mol

Vapor Pressure vapr 4.00E09 torr

Solubility sol 22.3 mg/L

Kd Kd mg/L

Koc Koc 223 mg/L

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Half-life

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1548 days Halfife

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 730 days Halfife

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 774 days Halfife

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half-life

Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0 cm

Application Rate: TAPP 13.4 kg/ha

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.99 fraction

Spray Drift DRFT 0.01 fraction of application rate applied to pond

Application Date Date 4-May dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm

Interval 1 interval 180 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Record 17: FILTRA

IPSCND 1

UPTKF

Record 18: PLVKRT

PLDKRT

FEXTRC 0.5

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, mont hly or total(average of entire run)



### 110

## Established turf in FL (2 applications @28 days intervals)

stored as siduronFLturfseq28.out

Chemical: siduron

PRZM environment: FLturfC.txt modified Monday, 16 June 2003 at 15:48:06

EXAMS environment:

pond298.exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 17:33:30

Metfile: w12834.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09:04:28

Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

1961 33.4 33.16 32.74 31.4 30.51 17.96

1962 112 111 109 106 104 66.6

1963 166 165 162 157 155 124

1964 266 265 261 254 249 204

1965 335 334 328 318 311 259

1966 376 375 371 367 363 314

1967 361 360 356 350 345 318

1968 408 407 401 390 383 335

1969 402 401 397 391 386 350

1970 345 344 342 341 339 321

1971 375 374 370 362 359 327

1972 367 367 363 355 350 326

1973 311 311 310 307 304 289

1974 273 272 271 268 265 253

1975 254 253 251 249 249 234

1976 387 385 382 373 366 308

1977 339 338 335 328 326 309

1978 418 416 413 403 396 346

1979 486 485 477 463 455 394

1980 407 406 403 399 396 377

1981 359 358 355 350 349 340

1982 449 448 443 438 435 388

1983 479 477 472 462 455 411

1984 577 574 565 549 539 460

1985 461 461 459 455 453 435

1986 394 394 392 389 386 373

1987 345 344 342 339 336 325

1988 307 307 304 298 295 286

1989 280 280 277 272 269 255

1990 233 233 232 229 227 217

Sorted results

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

0.032258065 577 574 565 549 539 460

0.064516129 486 485 477 463 455 435

0.096774194 479 477 472 462 455 411

0.129032258 461 461 459 455 453 394

0.161290323 449 448 443 438 435 388

0.193548387 418 416 413 403 396 377

0.225806452 408 407 403 399 396 373

0.258064516 407 406 401 391 386 350



### 1110.290322581 402 401 397 390 386 346

0.322580645 394 394 392 389 383 340

0.35483871 387 385 382 373 366 335

0.387096774 376 375 371 367 363 327

0.419354839 375 374 370 362 359 326

0.451612903 367 367 363 355 350 325

0.483870968 361 360 356 350 349 321

0.516129032 359 358 355 350 345 318

0.548387097 345 344 342 341 339 314

0.580645161 345 344 342 339 336 309

0.612903226 339 338 335 328 326 308

0.64516129 335 334 328 318 311 289

0.677419355 311 311 310 307 304 286

0.709677419 307 307 304 298 295 259

0.741935484 280 280 277 272 269 255

0.774193548 273 272 271 268 265 253

0.806451613 266 265 261 254 249 234

0.838709677 254 253 251 249 249 217

0.870967742 233 233 232 229 227 204

0.903225806 166 165 162 157 155 124

0.935483871 112 111 109 106 104 66.6

0.967741935 33.4 33.16 32.74 31.4 30.51 17.96

0.1 477.2 475.4 470.7 461.3 454.8 409.3

Average of yearly

averages: 298.752

Inputs generated by pe4. pl - 8-August-2003

Data used for this run:

Output File: siduronFLturfseq28

Metfile: w12834.dvf

PRZM scenario: FLturfC.txt

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv

Chemical Name: siduron

Description Variable

Name Value Units Comments

Molecular weight mwt 232.3 g/mol

Henry's Law Const. henry 6.90E08 atm-m^3/mol

Vapor Pressure vapr 4.00E09 torr

Solubility sol 22.3 mg/L

Kd Kd mg/L

Koc Koc 223 mg/L

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Halflife

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1548 days Halfife

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 730 days Halfife

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 774 days Halfife

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Halflife

Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0 cm



### 112Application Rate: TAPP 13.4 kg/ha

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.99 fraction

Spray Drift DRFT 0.01 fraction of application rate applied to pond

Application Date Date 4-May dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm

Interval 1 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Record 17: FILTRA

IPSCND 1

UPTKF

Record 18: PLVKRT

PLDKRT

FEXTRC 0.5

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, mont hly or total(average of entire run)



## Established turf in PA (2 applications @28 days intervals)

stored as siduronPAturfseq28.out

Chemical: siduron

PRZM environment:

PAturfC.txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 18:27:02

EXAMS environment:

pond298.exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 17:33:30

Metfile: w14737.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09:06:12

Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

1961 54.87 54.54 53.29 51.66 50.42 29.68

1962 86.27 85.86 84.26 81.93 81.53 64.87

1963 85.11 84.95 84.28 82.94 82.04 79.21

1964 98.63 98.38 97.39 96.46 95.97 88.25

1965 97.07 96.88 96.13 94.62 93.57 89.36

1966 95.9 95.72 95.02 93.55 92.45 89.2

1967 153 153 151 148 145 120

1968 218 217 214 208 205 173

1969 190 190 189 186 186 181

1970 181 180 179 177 176 171

1971 187 187 185 184 182 170

1972 229 229 226 223 220 192

1973 228 228 226 222 221 207

1974 239 238 236 234 232 215

1975 217 217 216 213 213 206

1976 198 198 197 195 194 190

1977 207 207 205 204 203 192

1978 235 234 232 227 224 203

1979 250 249 247 242 239 218

1980 225 225 224 221 220 211

1981 241 240 238 234 231 212

1982 271 270 267 263 260 233

1983 284 284 281 279 277 255

1984 338 337 333 328 325 292

1985 350 349 345 340 336 309



### 1131986 357 357 353 349 347 323

1987 314 314 312 311 310 303

1988 375 374 369 360 354 316

1989 383 382 379 373 368 338

1990 377 376 372 366 361 339

Sorted results

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

0.032258065 383 382 379 373 368 339

0.064516129 377 376 372 366 361 338

0.096774194 375 374 369 360 354 323

0.129032258 357 357 353 349 347 316

0.161290323 350 349 345 340 336 309

0.193548387 338 337 333 328 325 303

0.225806452 314 314 312 311 310 292

0.258064516 284 284 281 279 277 255

0.290322581 271 270 267 263 260 233

0.322580645 250 249 247 242 239 218

0.35483871 241 240 238 234 232 215

0.387096774 239 238 236 234 231 212

0.419354839 235 234 232 227 224 211

0.451612903 229 229 226 223 221 207

0.483870968 228 228 226 222 220 206

0.516129032 225 225 224 221 220 203

0.548387097 218 217 216 213 213 192

0.580645161 217 217 214 208 205 192

0.612903226 207 207 205 204 203 190

0.64516129 198 198 197 195 194 181

0.677419355 190 190 189 186 186 173

0.709677419 187 187 185 184 182 171

0.741935484 181 180 179 177 176 170

0.774193548 153 153 151 148 145 120

0.806451613 98.63 98.38 97.39 96.46 95.97 89.36

0.838709677 97.07 96.88 96.13 94.62 93.57 89.2

0.870967742 95.9 95.72 95.02 93.55 92.45 88.25

0.903225806 86.27 85.86 84.28 82.94 82.04 79.21

0.935483871 85.11 84.95 84.26 81.93 81.53 64.87

0.967741935 54.87 54.54 53.29 51.66 50.42 29.68

0.1 373.2 372.3 367.4 358.9 353.3 322.3

Average of yearly

averages: 200.319

Inputs generated by pe4. pl - 8-August-2003

Data used for this run:

Output File: siduronPAturfseq28

Metfile: w14737.dvf

PRZM scenario: PAturfC.txt

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv

Chemical Name: siduron



### 114Description Variable

Name Value Units Comments

Molecular weight mwt 232.3 g/mol

Henry's Law Const. henry 6.90E08 atm-m^3/mol

Vapor Pressure vapr 4.00E09 torr

Solubility sol 22.3 mg/L

Kd Kd mg/L

Koc Koc 223 mg/L

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Halflife

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1548 days Halfife

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 730 days Halfife

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 774 days Halfife

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Halflife

Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0 cm

Application Rate: TAPP 13.4 kg/ha

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.99 fraction

Spray Drift DRFT 0.01 fraction of application rate applied to pond

Application Date Date 4-May dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm

Interval 1 interval 28 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Record 17: FILTRA

IPSCND 1

UPTKF

Record 18: PLVKRT

PLDKRT

FEXTRC 0.5

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, mont hly or total(average of entire run)



## Siduron on bareground (PA alfalfa)

stored as siduronPAalfaseq.out

Chemical: siduron

PRZM environment:

PAalfalfaC.txt modified Satday, 12 Oc tober 2002 at 18:24:04

EXAMS environment:

pond298.exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 17:33:30

Metfile: w14737.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09:06:12

Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

1961 55.18 54.94 54.16 52.88 51.89 34.96

1962 87.29 86.94 85.6 83.57 82.96 68.91

1963 80.85 80.73 80.24 79.19 78.7 77.25

1964 118 118 117 115 114 101

1965 109 109 108 107 107 104

1966 108 108 108 107 106 102

1967 156 155 154 151 149 128

1968 215 214 211 206 203 174

1969 190 189 188 188 187 181



### 1151970 179 179 178 176 175 170

1971 195 195 193 191 189 174

1972 226 225 223 221 218 194

1973 225 225 223 221 219 207

1974 246 246 243 241 239 220

1975 226 226 225 222 220 213

1976 203 202 201 201 200 195

1977 231 230 228 225 225 208

1978 246 245 244 240 237 218

1979 266 265 263 258 255 233

1980 256 256 254 251 248 234

1981 275 275 272 267 264 241

1982 290 290 287 284 281 257

1983 338 337 333 331 328 294

1984 411 410 406 398 393 351

1985 381 381 379 377 374 355

1986 401 400 397 391 387 363

1987 351 351 351 350 349 338

1988 361 361 357 351 346 324

1989 394 393 390 384 379 343

1990 378 377 374 368 363 343

Sorted results

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly

0.032258065 411 410 406 398 393 363

0.064516129 401 400 397 391 387 355

0.096774194 394 393 390 384 379 351

0.129032258 381 381 379 377 374 343

0.161290323 378 377 374 368 363 343

0.193548387 361 361 357 351 349 338

0.225806452 351 351 351 350 346 324

0.258064516 338 337 333 331 328 294

0.290322581 290 290 287 284 281 257

0.322580645 275 275 272 267 264 241

0.35483871 266 265 263 258 255 234

0.387096774 256 256 254 251 248 233

0.419354839 246 246 244 241 239 220

0.451612903 246 245 243 240 237 218

0.483870968 231 230 228 225 225 213

0.516129032 226 226 225 222 220 208

0.548387097 226 225 223 221 219 207

0.580645161 225 225 223 221 218 195

0.612903226 215 214 211 206 203 194

0.64516129 203 202 201 201 200 181

0.677419355 195 195 193 191 189 174

0.709677419 190 189 188 188 187 174

0.741935484 179 179 178 176 175 170

0.774193548 156 155 154 151 149 128

0.806451613 118 118 117 115 114 104

0.838709677 109 109 108 107 107 102



### 116

### 117 0.870967742 108 108 108 107 106 101

0.903225806 87.29 86.94 85.6 83.57 82.96 77.25

0.935483871 80.85 80.73 80.24 79.19 78.7 68.91

0.967741935 55.18 54.94 54.16 52.88 51.89 34.96

0.1 392.7 391.8 388.9 383.3 378.5 350.2

Average of yearly

averages: 214.8707

Inputs generated by pe4.pl - 8-August-2003

Data used for this run:

Output File: siduronPAalfaseq

Metfile: w14737.dvf

PRZM scenario: PAalfalfaC.txt

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv

Chemical Name: siduron

Description Variable

Name Value Units Comments

Molecular weight mwt 232.3 g/mol

Henry's Law Const. henry 6.90E08 atm-m^3/mol

Vapor Pressure vapr 4.00E09 torr

Solubility sol 22.3 mg/L

Kd Kd mg/L

Koc Koc 223 mg/L

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Halflife

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1548 days Halfife

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 730 days Halfife

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 774 days Halfife

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Halflife

Method: CAM 1 integer See PRZM manual

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0 cm

Application Rate: TAPP 6.72 kg/ha

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.99 fraction

Spray Drift DRFT 0.01 fraction of application rate applied to pond

Application Date Date 4-May dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm

Interval 1 interval 30 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app.

Record 17: FILTRA

IPSCND 1

UPTKF

Record 18: PLVKRT

PLDKRT

FEXTRC 0.5

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, mont hly or total(average of entire run)

# APPENDIX D: Input Parameters and Results from T-REX

and Terrplant

Scenario 1

Acute and Chronic RQs are based on the Upp e

Kenaga Residues.

Chemical Name: The maximum single day residue estimation is u

Use both the acute and reproduction RQs.

Formulation

Application Rate 12 lbs a.i./acre RQs reported as "0.00" in the RQ tables bel o

Half-life 35 days <0.01 in your assessment. This is due to ro u

Application Interval 180 days figure issues in Excel.

Maximum # Apps./Year 2

Length of Simulation 1 year

Bobwhite quail LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 2250.00

Bobwhite quail LC50 (mg/kg-diet) 5620.00

Bobwhite quail NOAEL(mg/kg-bw) 0.00

Bobwhite quail NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 2800.00

5000.00

0.00

0.74

12.00

Kenaga

V alues

Short Grass 2961.52

Tall Grass 1357.36

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 1665.85

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 185.09 Endpoints

LC50 (mg/kg-diet) Avian Upper Bound Kenaga Residues For RQ Calculation

Dietary-based EECs (ppm) NOAEL (mg/kg-bw)

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) Mammals LD50 (mg/kg-bw) Siduron

First Planting, Sequential

Tupersan



### 118Avian Results

Avian Body Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FI

Class Weight (g) (g bw/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)

Small 20 5 2 3 114 2.28E-02

Mid 100 13 65 65 6.49E-02

Large 1000 58 291 29 2.91E-01

Avian Body A djusted LD50

Weight (g) (mg/kg-bw)

20 1620.97

100 2063.57

1000 2914.87

small mid large

20 g 100 g 1000 g

Short Grass 3372.87 1923.35 861.11

Tall Grass 1545.90 881.54 394.68

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 1897.24 1081.89 484.37

F ru it s / po d s / see d s /l g i nsec t s 210.80 120.21 53.82

20 g 100 g 1000 g

Short Grass 2.08 0.93 0.30

Tall Grass 0.95 0.43 0.14

Broadleaf plants/sm insects 1.17 0.52 0.17

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 0.13 0.06 0.02

Acute Chronic

Short Grass 0.53 1.06

Tall Grass 0.24 0.48

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 0.30 0.59

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 0.03 0.07

Note: To provide risk management with the maximum possible information,

it is recommended that both the dose-based and concentration-based

RQs be calculated when data are available RQs 

### Dietary-based RQs

(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 or

NOAEC ) Avian Acute RQs 

### Dose-based RQs

(Dose-based EEC/adjusted LD50) Avian Classes and Body Weights Dose-based EECs

(mg/kg-bw)



### 119Siduron First Planting, Sequential Upper bound Kenaga Residues

Mammalian Results

Mammalian Body Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FI

Class Weight (g bwt/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)

15 3 14 95 1.43E-02

Herbivores/ 35 5 23 66 2.31E-02

insectivores 1000 31 153 15 1.53E-01

15 3 3 21 3.18E-03

Grainvores 35 5 5 15 5.13E-03

1000 31 34 3 3.40E-02

Mammalian Body A djusted A djusted

Class Weight LD50 NOAEL

15 10989.15 1.63

Herbivores/ 35 8891.40 1.32

insectivores 1000 3845.80 0.57

15 10989.15 1.63

Grainvores 35 8891.40 1.32

1000 3845.80 0.57

15 g 35 g 1000 g 15 g 35 g 1000 g

Short Grass 2823.58 1951.47 452.46

Tall Grass 1294.14 894.42 207.38

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 1588.26 1097.70 254.51

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 176.47 121.97 28.28 39.22 27.10 6.28

Acute Chronic A cute Chronic Acute Chronic

Short Grass 0.26 1736.10 0.22 1482.96 0.12 794.93

Tall Grass 0.12 795.71 0.10 679.69 0.05 364.34

Broadleaf plants/sm insects 0.14 976.55 0.12 834.17 0.07 447.15

Fruits/pods/lg insects 0.02 108.51 0.01 92.69 0.01 49.68

Seeds (granivore) 0.00 24.11 0.00 20.60 0.00 11.04

Acute Chronic

Short Grass #DIV/0! 246.79

Tall Grass #DIV/0! 113.11

Broadleaf plants/sm insects #DIV/0! 138.82

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects #DIV/0! 15.42

Note: To provide risk management with the maximum possible information,

it is recommended that both the dose-based and concentration-based

RQs be calculated when data are available 

### Dietary-based RQs

(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 or

NOAEC) Mammal RQs 15 g mammal 35 g mammal 1000 g mammal 

### Dose-based RQs

(Dose-based EEC/LD50 or NOAEL) Granivores Mammalian Classes and Body weight

Dose-Based EECs

( m g /k g -bw ) Herbivores/ insectivores



### 120

### 121 Terrestrial Residues Graph

Terrestrial Application Residues

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

0 4 8 12 1 6 2 0 2 4 2 8 32 3 6 4 0 4 4 48 5 2 5 6 6 0 64 6 8 7 2 7 6 80 8 4 8 8 9 2 96

1 0 0

DaysConcentration (mg ai/kg dietary item)

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf plants/sm Insects Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 1 year For Risk Discussion Purposes

# Scenario 2

Acute and Chronic RQs are based on the Upp e

Kenaga Residues.

Chemical Name: The maximum single day residue estimation is u

Use both the acute and reproduction RQs.

Formulation

Application Rate 12 lbs a.i./acre RQs reported as "0.00" in the RQ tables bel o

Half-life 35 days <0.01 in your assessment. This is due to ro u

Application Interval 28 days figure issues in Excel.

Maximum # Apps./Year 2

Length of Simulation 1 year

Bobwhite quail LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 2250.00

Bobwhite quail LC50 (mg/kg-diet) 5620.00

Bobwhite quail NOAEL(mg/kg-bw) 0.00

Bobwhite quail NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 2800.00

5000.00

0.00

0.74

12.00

Kenaga

V alues

Short Grass 4534.13

Tall Grass 2078.14

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 2550.45

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 283.38 Endpoints

LC50 (mg/kg-diet) Avian Upper Bound Kenaga Residues For RQ Calculation

Dietary-based EECs (ppm) NOAEL (mg/kg-bw)

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) Mammals LD50 (mg/kg-bw) Siduron

First Planting, Sequential

Tupersan

Avian Results

Avian Body Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FI

Class Weight (g) (g bw/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)

Small 20 5 2 3 114 2.28E-02

Mid 100 13 65 65 6.49E-02

Large 1000 58 291 29 2.91E-01

Avian Body A djusted LD50

Weight (g) (mg/kg-bw)

20 1620.97

100 2063.57

1000 2914.87

small mid large

20 g 100 g 1000 g

Short Grass 5163.92 2944.68 1318.37

Tall Grass 2366.79 1349.65 604.25

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 2904.70 1656.38 741.59

F ru it s / po d s / see d s /l g i nsec t s 322.74 184.04 82.40

20 g 100 g 1000 g

Short Grass 3.19 1.43 0.45

Tall Grass 1.46 0.65 0.21

Broadleaf plants/sm insects 1.79 0.80 0.25

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 0.20 0.09 0.03

Acute Chronic

Short Grass 0.81 1.62

Tall Grass 0.37 0.74

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 0.45 0.91

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 0.05 0.10

Note: To provide risk management with the maximum possible information,

it is recommended that both the dose-based and concentration-based

RQs be calculated when data are available RQs 

### Dietary-based RQs

(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 or

NOAEC ) Avian Acute RQs 

### Dose-based RQs

(Dose-based EEC/adjusted LD50) Avian Classes and Body Weights Dose-based EECs

(mg/kg-bw)



### 122

### 123 Siduron First Planting, Sequential Upper bound Kenaga Residues

Mammalian Results

Mammalian Body Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FI

Class Weight (g bwt/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)

15 3 14 95 1.43E-02

Herbivores/ 35 5 23 66 2.31E-02

insectivores 1000 31 153 15 1.53E-01

15 3 3 21 3.18E-03

Grainvores 35 5 5 15 5.13E-03

1000 31 34 3 3.40E-02

Mammalian Body A djusted A djusted

Class Weight LD50 NOAEL

15 10989.15 1.63

Herbivores/ 35 8891.40 1.32

insectivores 1000 3845.80 0.57

15 10989.15 1.63

Grainvores 35 8891.40 1.32

1000 3845.80 0.57

15 g 35 g 1000 g 15 g 35 g 1000 g

Short Grass 4322.94 2987.73 692.72

Tall Grass 1981.35 1369.38 317.49

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 2431.65 1680.60 389.65

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 270.18 186.73 43.29 60.04 41.50 9.62

Acute Chronic A cute Chronic Acute Chronic

Short Grass 0.39 2657.99 0.34 2270.44 0.18 1217.04

Tall Grass 0.18 1218.25 0.15 1040.62 0.08 557.81

Broadleaf plants/sm insects 0.22 1495.12 0.19 1277.12 0.10 684.59

Fruits/pods/lg insects 0.02 166.12 0.02 141.90 0.01 76.07

Seeds (granivore) 0.01 36.92 0.00 31.53 0.00 16.90

Acute Chronic

Short Grass #DIV/0! 377.84

Tall Grass #DIV/0! 173.18

Broadleaf plants/sm insects #DIV/0! 212.54

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects #DIV/0! 23.62

Note: To provide risk management with the maximum possible information,

it is recommended that both the dose-based and concentration-based

RQs be calculated when data are available 

### Dietary-based RQs

(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 or

NOAEC) Mammal RQs 15 g mammal 35 g mammal 1000 g mammal 

### Dose-based RQs

(Dose-based EEC/LD50 or NOAEL) Granivores Mammalian Classes and Body weight

Dose-Based EECs

( m g /k g -bw ) Herbivores/ insectivores

# Scenario 3

Acute and Chronic RQs are bas e

Kenaga Residues.

Chemical Name: The maximum single day residu e

Use both the acute and reproduction

Formulation

Application Rate 6 lbs a.i./acre RQs reported as "0.00" in the

Half-life 35 days <0.01 in your assessment. Th

Application Interval 30 days figure issues in Excel.

Maximum # Apps./Year 2

Length of Simulation 1 year

Bobwhite quail LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 2250.00

Bobwhite quail LC50 (mg/kg-diet) 5620.00

Bobwhite quail NOAEL(mg/kg-bw) 0.00

Bobwhite quail NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 2800.00

5000.00

0.00

0.74

12.00

Kenaga

V alues

Short Grass 2234.94

Tall Grass 1024.35

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 1257.16

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 139.68 Endpoints

LC50 (mg/kg-diet) Avian Upper Bound Kenaga Residues For RQ Calculation

Dietary-based EECs (ppm) NOAEL (mg/kg-bw)

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) Mammals LD50 (mg/kg-bw) Siduron

First Planting, Sequential

Tupersan

Avian Results

Avian Body Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FI

Class Weight (g) (g bw/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)

Small 20 5 2 3 114 2.28E-02

Mid 100 13 65 65 6.49E-02

Large 1000 58 291 29 2.91E-01

Avian Body A djusted LD50

Weight (g) (mg/kg-bw)

20 1620.97

100 2063.57

1000 2914.87

small mid large

20 g 100 g 1000 g

Short Grass 2545.38 1451.48 649.85

Tall Grass 1166.63 665.26 297.85

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 1431.78 816.46 365.54

F ru i ts / po d s / see d s /l g i nsects 159.09 90.72 40.62

20 g 100 g 1000 g

Short Grass 1.57 0.70 0.22

Tall Grass 0.72 0.32 0.10

Broadleaf plants/sm insects 0.88 0.40 0.13

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 0.10 0.04 0.01

Acute Chronic

Short Grass 0.40 0.80

Tall Grass 0.18 0.37

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 0.22 0.45

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 0.02 0.05 RQs 

### Dietary-based RQs

(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 or

NOAEC ) Avian Acute RQs 

### Dose-based RQs

(Dose-based EEC/adjusted LD50) Avian Classes and Body Weights Dose-based EECs

(mg/kg-bw)



### 124

### 125 Mammalian Results

Mammalian Body Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FI

Class Weight (g bwt/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)

15 3 14 95 1.43E-02

Herbivores/ 35 5 23 66 2.31E-02

insectivores 1000 31 153 15 1.53E-01

15 3 3 21 3.18E-03

Grainvores 35 5 5 15 5.13E-03

1000 31 34 3 3.40E-02

Mammalian Body A djusted A djusted

Class Weight LD50 NOAEL

15 10989.15 1.63

Herbivores/ 35 8891.40 1.32

insectivores 1000 3845.80 0.57

15 10989.15 1.63

Grainvores 35 8891.40 1.32

1000 3845.80 0.57

15 g 35 g 1000 g 15 g 35 g 1000 g

Short Grass 2130.85 1472.70 341.45

Tall Grass 976.64 674.99 156.50

Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 1198.60 828.39 192.07

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 133.18 92.04 21.34 29.60 20.45 4.74

Acute Chronic A cute Chronic Acute Chronic

Short Grass 0.19 1310.17 0.17 1119.14 0.09 599.90

Tall Grass 0.09 600.49 0.08 512.94 0.04 274.95

Broadleaf plants/sm insects 0.11 736.97 0.09 629.51 0.05 337.44

Fruits/pods/lg insects 0.01 81.89 0.01 69.95 0.01 37.49

Seeds (granivore) 0.00 18.20 0.00 15.54 0.00 8.33

Acute Chronic

Short Grass #DIV/0! 186.25

Tall Grass #DIV/0! 85.36

Broadleaf plants/sm insects #DIV/0! 104.76

Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects #DIV/0! 11.64 

### Dietary-based RQs

(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 or

NOAEC) Mammal RQs 15 g mammal 35 g mammal 1000 g mammal 

### Dose-based RQs

(Dose-based EEC/LD50 or NOAEL) Granivores Mammalian Classes and Body weight

Dose-Based EECs

( m g /k g -bw ) Herbivores/ insectivoresScenario 4Chemical Name:UseFormulationApplication Rate22 lbs a.i./acreHalf-life 35 daysApplication Interval28 daysMaximum # Apps./Year6Length of Simulation1 yearBobwhite quail LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 2250.00Bobwhite quail LC50 (mg/kg-diet) 5620.00Bobwhite quail NOAEL(mg/kg-bw) 0.00Bobwhite quail NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 2800.005000.000.000.7412.00KenagaValuesShort Grass11959.25Tall Grass5481.32Broadleaf plants/sm Insects6727.08Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects747.45EndpointsLC50 (mg/kg-diet)AvianUpper Bound Kenaga Residues For RQ CalculationDietary-based EECs(ppm)NOAEL (mg/kg-bw)NOAEC (mg/kg-diet)MammalsLD50 (mg/kg-bw)SiduronSpecialtyTupersan126Avian ResultsAvianBody Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FIClassWeight (g) (g bw/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)Small205 231142.28E-02Mid1001365656.49E-02Large100058291292.91E-01Avian BodyAdjusted LD50Weight (g)(mg/kg-bw)201620.971002063.5710002914.87smallmidlarge20 g100 g1000 gShort Grass13620.397766.923477.35Tall Grass6242.683559.841593.79Broadleaf plants/sm Insects7661.474368.891956.01Fruits/pods/seeds/lginsects851.27485.43217.3320 g100 g1000 gShort Grass8.403.761.19Tall Grass3.851.730.55Broadleaf plants/sm insects4.732.120.67Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects0.530.240.07AcuteChronicShort Grass2.134.27Tall Grass0.981.96Broadleaf plants/sm Insects1.202.40Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects0.130.27RQsDietary-based RQs(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 orNOAEC)Avian Acute RQsDose-based RQs(Dose-based EEC/adjusted LD50)Avian Classes and Body WeightsDose-based EECs(mg/kg-bw)127Mammalian ResultsMammalianBody Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FIClassWeight(g bwt/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)15314951.43E-02Herbivores/35523662.31E-02insectivores100031153151.53E-011533213.18E-03Grainvores3555155.13E-031000313433.40E-02MammalianBodyAdjustedAdjustedClassWeightLD50NOAEL1510989.151.63Herbivores/358891.401.32insectivores10003845.800.571510989.151.63Grainvores358891.401.3210003845.800.5715 g35 g1000 g15 g35 g1000 gShort Grass11402.237880.471827.11Tall Grass5226.023611.88837.43Broadleaf plants/sm Insects6413.754432.761027.75Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects712.64492.53114.19158.36109.4525.38AcuteChronicAcuteChronicAcute ChronicShort Grass1.047010.740.895988.530.483210.09Tall Grass0.483213.260.412744.740.221471.29Broadleaf plants/sm insects0.583943.540.503368.550.271805.67Fruits/pods/lg insects0.06438.170.06374.280.03200.63Seeds (granivore)0.0197.370.0183.170.0144.58AcuteChronicShort Grass#DIV/0!996.60Tall Grass#DIV/0!456.78Broadleaf plants/sm insects#DIV/0!560.59Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects#DIV/0!62.29Dietary-based RQs(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 orNOAEC)Mammal RQs15 g mammal35 g mammal1000 g mammalDose-based RQs(Dose-based EEC/LD50 or NOAEL)GranivoresMammalian Classes and Body weightDose-Based EECs(mg/kg-bw)Herbivores/ insectivores128Terrestrial Application Residues020004000600080001000012000 0 4 8 1 2 16 20 24 2 8 32 36 40 44 4 8 52 56 60 6 4 68 72 76 8 0 84 88 92 9 6 10 0Days

Concentration (mg ai/kg dietary item)Short GrassTall GrassBroadleaf plants/sm InsectsFruits/pods/seeds/lg insects1 yearFor Risk Discussion PurposesTable 1. Chemical Identity.Chemical NameSiduronPC code35509UseSod, Golf Courses, LawnsApplication MethodSprayApplication FormWetable PowderSolubility in Water (ppm)22.3Table 2. Input parameters used to derive EECs.Input ParameterSymbolValueUnitsApplication RateA22lb a.i/acreIncorporationI1noneRunoff FractionR0.02none129130Drift FractionD0.01noneTable 3. EECs for Siduron. Units in lb a.i/acre.DescriptionEquationEECRunoff to dry areas(A/I)*R0.44Runoff to semi-aquatic areas(A/I)*R*104.4Spray driftA*D0.22Total for dry areas((A/I)*R)+(A*D)0.66Total for semi-aquatic areas((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D)4.62Table 4. Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in lb a.i/acre.Seedling EmergenceVegetative VigorPlant typeEC25NOAECEC25NOAECMonocot0.30.19Dicot21.5Table 5. RQ values for plants in dry and semi-aquatic areas exposed to Siduron through runoff and/or spray drift.*Plant TypeListed StatusDrySemi-AquaticSpray DriftMonocotnon-listed2.2015.400.73Monocotlisted3.4724.32#DIV/0!Dicotnon-listed0.332.310.11Dicotlisted0.443.08#DIV/0!*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.

# APPENDIX E: TerrPlant Model

Exposure to Terrestrial Plants includ ing Wetlands (August 8, 2001; version 1.0)

Terrestrial plants inhab iting dry and semi-aquatic (wetland) ar eas may be exposed to pesticides

from runoff and/or spray drift. Semi-aquatic ar eas are low-lying wet areas that may dry up at

times throughout the year.

EFED's runoff scenario is (1) based on a pesticid e's water solubility and the amount ot pesticide

present on the soil surface and its top one inch, (2) characterized as "sheet runoff" (one treated

acre to an adjacent acre) for dry areas, (3) characterized as "channe l runoff" (10 acres to a distant

low-lying acre) for semi-aquatic or wetland areas, and (4) based on percent runoff values of 0.01,

0.02, and 0.05 for water solubilities of < 10, 10-100, and >100 ppm, respectively.

EFED's Spray Drift scenario is assumed as (1) 1% for ground application, and (2) 5% for aerial,

airblast, forced air, and spray chemigation applic ations. The spray drift ratio used here is in

agreement with the policy procedures at the time the worksheet was designed.

Currently, 1) this worksheet is designed to de rive the plant exposure concentrations from a

single, maximum application rate only. 2) For pesticide applicatio ns with incorporation of depth

of less than 1 inch, the total lo ading EECs derived for the incor poration method will be same as

the unincorporated method.

To calculate RQ values for N on-listed Terrestrial Plants:

Terrestrial Plants Inhabiting Areas Adjacent to Treatment Site:

Emergence RQ = Total Loading to Adj acent Area or EEC/Seedling Emergence EC25

Drift RQ = Drift EEC/Vegetative Vigor EC25

Terrestrial Plants Inhabiting Semi-aquatic Areas Adjacent to Treatment Site:

Emergence RQ = Total Loading to Semi-aqua tic Area or EEC/Seedling Emergence EC25

Drift RQ = Drift EEC/Vegetative Vigor EC25

To calculate RQ values for Listed Terrestrial Plants:

Listed Terrestrial Plants Inhabiting Areas Adjacent to Treatment Site:

Emergence RQ = Total Loading to Adjacen t Area or EEC/Seedling Emergence EC05

Drift RQ = Drift EEC/Vegetativ e Vigor EC05 or NOAEC

Listed Terrestrial Plants Inhabiting Semiaquatic Areas Near Treatment Site:

131

### Emergence RQ = Total Loading to Semiaqua tic Area or EEC/Seedling Emergence EC05

Drift RQ = Drift EEC/Vegeta tive Vigor EC05 or NOAEC

Formulas used to calculate EEC va lues (8/08/01; version 1.0)

To calculate EECs for terrestrial plants inhabiti ng in areas adjacent to treatment sites

Un-incorporated Ground Appli cation (Non-granular):

Sheet Runoff = Application Rate (lb a.i./A) x Runoff Value

Drift = Application Rate (lb a.i./A) x 0.01

Total Loading = EEC = Sheet Runoff + Drift

Incorporated Ground Application w ith Drift (Non-granular):

Sheet Runoff = [Application Rate (lb a.i./A)/ Incorporation Depth (inch)] x Runoff Value

Drift = Application Rate (lb a.i./A) x 0.01

Total Loading = EEC = Sheet Runoff + Drift

Un-incorporated Ground Application (Granular):

Sheet Runoff = EEC = Application Rate (lb a.i./A) x Runoff Value

Incorporated Ground Application w ithout Drift (Granular):

Sheet Runoff = EEC = [Application Rate (l b a.i./A)/Incorportion Depth (inch)]

x Runoff Value

Aerial/Airblast/Spray Chemigation Applications:

Sheet Runoff = Application Rate (lb a.i./A) x Runoff Value x Application Efficiency of

0.6

Drift = Application Rate (lb a.i./A) x 0.05

Total Loading = EEC = Sheet Runoff + Drift

Runoff Value = 0.01, 0.02, or 0.05 when the solubility of the chemical is <10 ppm, 10-100 ppm,

or>100 ppm, respectively

Incorporation Depth: Use the minimum in corporation depth reported on the label.

132

# APPENDIX F: Results from Submitted Eco Toxicity Studies

for Siduron

A. Toxicity to Terrestrial Animals

An avian oral toxicity study is requ ired to establish the toxicityof siduron to birds. The

preferred test species is either mallard duc k (a waterfowl) or bobw hite quail (an upland

gamebird). Results of this test are tabulated below.

i. Birds, Acute and Subacute

Avian Acute Oral Toxicity

Species AI Study

Duration Toxicity

Category Oral LD 50 Study

Classification MRID

Bobwhite quail

(Colinus

virginianus) 14D,

single

dose Practically

Non-Toxic 2,250

(mg/kg) Acceptable 40991601



### Siduron is considered practically non-toxic to avian species given acute oral exposure.

Species AI Study

Duration Toxicity

Category Dietary

LC 50 (ppm) Study

Classification MRID

Bobwhite quail

(Colinus

virginianus) 99.9 8 D Practically

Non-Toxic 5,620

(ppm) Acceptable 40991602

Mallard duck

(Anas

platyrhynchos) 99.9 8 D Practically

Non-Toxic 5,620

(ppm) Acceptable 40991603



### Given an LC 50 

### value of 5,620ppm, acute dietary exposur e to siduron is practically not-toxic.

ii. Birds, Reproductive Toxicity

An avian reproductive study testing siduron was s ubmitted to the Agency and the details of the

studies are illustrated in the following table.

133

### Avian Reproductive Toxicity

Species AI Study

Duration Toxicity

Category Dietary

LOEL

(Survival)

(Growth) Study

Classification MRID

Bobwhite

quail

(Colinus

virginianus) 99.7 22

Weeks Practically

Non-Toxic 6,250

(ppm) Acceptable 43883301



### iii. Mammals, Acute and Chronic

No toxicity studies of the effects of siduron exposure to mammals were submitted.

iv. Insects

A honey bee acute contact study is required for si duron because its proposed uses may result in

honey bee exposure. Results are tabulated below. The data support the claim that siduron is

practically non-toxic to honey bees.

Insecta

Species % a.i. Study

Duration EC 50

(PPM) Toxicity

Category MRID Study

Classification

Honey bee (Apis

mellifera) 99.9 48 hr 100 Practically Nontoxic 41620602 Acceptable

Honey bee (Apis

mellifera) Form 48 hr 120 Practically Nontoxic 00018842 Supplemental?



### B. Toxicity to Freshwater Aquatic Animals

There were numerous studies submitted to asse ss the toxic effects of siduron exposure to

freshwater aquatic animals. The table below presen ts the results of severa l acute freshwater fish

toxicity studies, on two preferred test sp ecies, bluegill sunfish and rainbow trout.

i. Freshwater Fish, Acute

Species %

a.i. Study

Duration EC 50

(PPM) Toxicity

Category MRID Study

Classification

Bluegill sunfish

(Lepomis macrochirus) 97.75 96 hr 12.9 Slightly

Toxic 43327901 Acceptable

Bluegill sunfish

(Lepomis macrochirus) 99.9 96 hr 15 Slightly

Toxic 40991605 Acceptable

Rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) 2.3/0.

5 96 hr 9.4 Moderately

Toxic TN 473 NR

Rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) 3.10 96 hr 100 Slightly

Toxic TN 469 NR



### 134Rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) 97.75 96 hr 8.1 Moderately

Toxic 43324501 Acceptable

Rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) 99.9 96 hr 13 Slightly

Toxic 40991604 Acceptable



### The effects data values cover a broad range. Sidu ron is classified as slightly toxic to highly

toxic, with the most sensitive EC 50 

### value of 0.13 ppm.

ii. Fish, Chronic toxicity

No chronic, freshwater fish toxicity studies were submitted.

iii. Freshwater Invertebrates, Acute

Crustacea

Species %

a.i. Study

Duration EC 50

(PPM) Toxicity

Category MRID Study

Classification

Water flea

(Daphnia magna) 97.75 48 hr >13.7 Slightly

Toxic 43324502 Acceptable



### iv. Freshwater Invertebrate, Chronic

C. Toxicity to Estuarine and Marine Animals

i. Estuarine and Marine Fish, Acute

Species % a.i. Study

Duration EC 50

(PPM) Toxicity

Category MRID Study

Classification

Sheepshead

minnow

(Cyprinodon

variegatus) 97.75 96 hr 12.3 Slightly

Toxic 43327902 Acceptable



### ii. Estuarine and Marine Fish, Chronic

iii. Estuarine and Marine Invertebrates, Acute

Mollusca

Species % a.i. Study

Duration EC 50

(PPM) Toxicity

Category MRID Study

Classification

Eastern oyster

(Crassostrea

virginica) 97.75 48 hr >10.8 Slightly

Toxic 43385401 Acceptable

Mysids ( Mysidopsis

bahia ) 96 hr 6.5 458683-01

Acceptable



### 135

### iv. Estuarine and Marine Invertebrate, Chronic

D. Toxicity to Plants

Aquatic Plants

Species %

a.i. Study

Duration EC 50

(PPM) Toxicity

Category MRID Study

Classification

Green algae

(Selenastrum

capricornutum) 99.9 5days 0.21 Highly

Toxic? 42111002 Supplemental



### Terrestrial Plants

Seedling Emergence

Species %

a.i. Study

Duration EC 25

lb

a.i./A MRID Study

Classification

Corn

(Zea mays) 99 21 D 12 43385402 Supplemental

Cucumber

(Cucumis sativus) 99 21 D 8.1 43385402 Supplemental

Garden pea

(Pisum sativum) 99 21 D 12 43385402 Supplemental

Garden pea

(Pisum sativum) 99 21 D 2.0 43385402 Supplemental

Onion

(Allium cepa) 99 21 D 0.30 43385402 Supplemental

Rape

(Brassica sp.) 99 21 D 4.5 43385402 Supplemental

Sorghum

(Sorghum bicolor) 99 21 D 1.0 43385402 Supplemental

Sorghum

(Sorghum bicolor) 99 21 D 5.1 43385402 Supplemental

Soybean

(Glycine max) 99 21 D 7.3 43385402 Supplemental

Sugar beet

(Beta vulgaris) 99 21 D 12 43385402 Supplemental

Tomato

(Lycopersicon esculentum) 99 21 D 12 43385402 Supplemental

Tomato

(Lycopersicon esculentum) 99 21 D 2.8 43385402 Supplemental

Wheat

(Triticum aestivum) 99 21 D 2.1 43385402 Supplemental



### Vegetative Vigor

136Species %

a.i. Study

Duration EC 50

(lb ai/A) NOAEL

(lbs ai/A) MRID Study

Classification

Onion (Allium cepa) 99 21 D 0.18 0.75 43385402 Supplemental

Sorghum 99 21 D 4.7 1.5 43385402 Supplemental

Cucumber 99 21 D >12 6.0 43385402 Supplemental

Pea 99 21 D >12 12 43385402 Supplemental

Rape 99 21 D 5.4 3.0 43385402 Supplemental

Soybean 99 21 D 9.2 3.0 43385402 Supplemental

Sugarbeet 99 21 D >12 12 43385402 Supplemental

Tomato 99 21 D >12 6 43385402 Supplemental



### 137

# APPENDIX G. PHENYLUREA HERBICIDE TOXICITY AND

STRUCTURE DATA

A search of the in-house effects toxicity data ba se for phenylurea herbicides with chronic toxicity

data for a number of terrestrial and aquatic organisms and freshwat er plants, result ed in several

phenylureas being identified as possi ble data sources. Tebuthiuron is not a pheylur ea urea but an

thiadiazolylurea herbicide not a phe nylurea. However, it was includ e as one of a few substituted

ureas with both acute and chroni c toxicity data that might shed some light on substituted urea

toxicity patterns.

Diruon Structure Siduron Structure

Linuron Structure Thiadiazuron Structure

Tebuthiuron Structure (A Substituted Urea but not a Phenylurea)

138Phenylurea

Herbicide Acute

96-h LC 50 (ppb) Study Conditions Study

Source

Bluegill sunfish , L. macrochirus

diuron 2800 age 0.8 g, S, 95% a.i., Acceptable 40098001

diuron 3200 age N.R., S 95% a.i., Acceptable TN 1007

linuron 9600 0.7 g, S, 96.2% a.i., Acceptable 40354201

siduron 15000 age N.R., 99.9% a.i., Acceptable 40991605

fluometuron 42500 0.6 g, 96.2% a.i., Acceptable 40098001

fluometuron 48000 0.4 g, S, 97.2% a.i., Acceptable 42498002

tebuthiuron 106000 0.8 g, S, 98% a.i., Accep table 00020661

siduron >12900 0.18 g, 97.75% a.i., Acceptable 43327901

diuron >300,000 age N.R., S 80% a.i., Acceptable 42046001

thidiazuron >32000 2.02 g, S, 99.3% a.i., Acceptable 42069201

Rainbow trout, O. mykiss

diuron 1950 1.28 g, S, 95 % a.i., Acceptable TN 1020

fluometuron 2960 0.70 g, S, 98.7% a.i., Acceptable 40098001

linuron 3000 0.77 g, S, 96.2% a.i., Acceptable 40445501

siduron 8100 0.2 g, S, 97.75% a.i., Acceptable 43324501

siduron 13000 age N.R., S, 99.9% a.i., Acceptable 40991604

fluometuron 14500 0.6 g, S, 96.2% a.i., Acceptable 40098001

fluometuron 26200 1.19 g, F, 97.2% a.i., Acceptable 42505001

fluometuron 30000 1.1 g, F, 97.2% a.i., Acceptable 42498003

tebuthiuron 143000 age N.R., S, 98% a.i., Acceptable 00020661

thidiazuron >19000 0.41 g, S, 99.3% a.i., Acceptable 42069202



### 139

# APPENDIX H: Federally Listed Species that Co-Occur with

Potential Siduron Use Sites at the County-Level (Based on

LOCATES).



# Species Listing by State with Use Criteria

No species were excluded

Minimum of 10 Acres.



### All Medium Types Reported

Mammal, Marine mml, Bird, Amphibian, Re ptile, Fish, Crustacean, Bivalve,

Gastropod, Arachnid, Insect, Dicot, Monocot , Ferns, Conf/cycds, Coral, Lichen

sod harvested

Alabama ( 77) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No

(Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Salamander, Red Hills Threatened Amphibian No

(Phaeognathus hubrichti) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater

Kidneyshell, Triangular Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater

Mucket, Orangenacre Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis perovalis) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Acornshell Southern Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma othcaloogensis) Freshwater

Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater

Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater

Mussel, Cumberland Combshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma brevidens) Freshwater

Mussel, Dark Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema furvum) Freshwater

Mussel, Fine-lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater

Mussel, Fine-rayed Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Fusconaia cuneolus) Freshwater

Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge Tait's Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema taitianum) Freshwater



### 1408/20/2007 10:01:05 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 1 of 71



### 141

### Alabama ( 77) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Threatened Bivalve No

(Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No

(Obovaria retusa) Freshwater

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Fusconaia cor) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny-rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Alabama Lamp Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis virescens) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No

(Hemistena lata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cumberland Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula intermedia) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Orange-footed Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Endangered Bivalve No

(Toxolasma cylindrellus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Turgid-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma turgidula) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater

Stirrupshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula stapes) Freshwater

Shrimp, Alabama Cave Endangered Crustacean No

(Palaemonias alabamae) Freshwater

Barbara Buttons, Mohr's Threatened Dicot No

(Marshallia mohrii) Terrestrial

Bladderpod, Lyrate Threatened Dicot No

(Lesquerella lyrata) Terrestrial

Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No

(Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

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### 142

### Alabama ( 77) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Leather-flower, Alabama Endangered Dicot No

(Clematis socialis) Terrestrial

Leather-flower, Morefield's Endangered Dicot No

(Clematis morefieldii) Terrestrial

Pitcher-plant, Alabama Canebrake Endangered Dicot No

(Sarracenia rubra alabamensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Pitcher-plant, Green Endangered Dicot No

(Sarracenia oreophila) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Potato-bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No

(Apios priceana) Terrestrial

Fern, American hart's-tongue Threatened Ferns No

(Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestrial

Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Cavefish, Alabama Endangered Fish Yes

(Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni) Freshwater

Chub, Spotfin Threatened Fish Yes

(Erimonax monachus) Freshwater

Darter, Boulder Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma wapiti) Freshwater

Darter, Goldline Threatened Fish No

(Percina aurolineata) Freshwater

Darter, Slackwater Threatened Fish Yes

(Etheostoma boschungi) Freshwater

Darter, Snail Threatened Fish No

(Percina tanasi) Freshwater

Madtom, Yellowfin Threatened Fish Yes

(Noturus flavipinnis) Freshwater

Sculpin, Pygmy Threatened Fish No

(Cottus paulus (=pygmaeus)) Freshwater

Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No

(Cyprinella caerulea) Freshwater

Shiner, Cahaba Endangered Fish No

(Notropis cahabae) Freshwater

Shiner, Palezone Endangered Fish No

(Notropis albizonatus) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Alabama Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus suttkusi) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Campeloma, Slender Endangered Gastropod No

(Campeloma decampi) Freshwater

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### 143

### Alabama ( 77) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Pebblesnail, Flat Endangered Gastropod No

(Lepyrium showalteri) Freshwater

Riversnail, Anthony's Endangered Gastropod No

(Athearnia anthonyi) Freshwater

Rocksnail, Painted Threatened Gastropod No

(Leptoxis taeniata) Freshwater

Rocksnail, Round Threatened Gastropod No

(Leptoxis ampla) Freshwater

Snail, Armored Endangered Gastropod No

(Pyrgulopsis (=Marstonia) pachyta) Freshwater

Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical Endangered Gastropod No

(Lioplax cyclostomaformis) Freshwater

Snail, Tulotoma Endangered Gastropod No

(Tulotoma magnifica) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Mouse, Alabama Beach Endangered Mammal Yes

(Peromyscus polionotus ammobates) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic)

Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Endangered Mammal Yes

(Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) Coastal (neritic)

Grass, Tennessee Yellow-eyed Endangered Monocot No

(Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestrial

Trillium, Relict Endangered Monocot No

(Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Gopher Threatened Reptile No

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial

Turtle, Alabama Red-bellied Endangered Reptile No

(Pseudemys alabamensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Turtle, Flattened Musk Threatened Reptile No

(Sternotherus depressus) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Arizona ( 38) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Frog, Chiricahua Leopard Threatened Amphibian No

(Rana chiricahuensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Condor, California Endangered Bird Yes

(Gymnogyps californianus) Terrestrial

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

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### 144

### Arizona ( 38) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial

Pygmy-owl, Cactus Ferruginous Endangered Bird No

(Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum) Terrestrial

Rail, Yuma Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial

Cactus, Arizona Hedgehog Endangered Dicot No

(Echinocereus triglochid iatus var. arizonicus) Terrestrial

Cactus, Brady Pincushion Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus bradyi) Terrestrial

Cactus, Nichol's Turk's Head Endangered Dicot No

(Echinocactus horizonthalonius var. nicholii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Peebles Navajo Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus peebles ianus peeblesianus) Terrestrial

Cactus, Siler Pincushion Threatened Dicot No

(Pediocactus (=Echinocac tus,=Utahia) sileri) Terrestrial

Cliffrose, Arizona Endangered Dicot No

(Purshia (=cowania) subintegra) Terrestrial

Groundsel, San Francisco Peaks Threatened Dicot Yes

(Senecio franciscanus) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Sentry Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus cremnophylax var. cremnophylax) Terrestrial

Milkweed, Welsh's Threatened Dicot Yes

(Asclepias welshii) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Gila Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila intermedia) Freshwater

Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila cypha) Freshwater

Minnow, Loach Threatened Fish Yes

(Tiaroga cobitis) Freshwater

Pupfish, Desert Endangered Fish Yes

(Cyprinodon macularius) Freshwater

Spikedace Threatened Fish Yes

(Meda fulgida) Freshwater

Spinedace, Little Colorado Threatened Fish Yes

(Lepidomeda vittata) Freshwater

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

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### 145

### Arizona ( 38) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) Endangered Fish No

(Poeciliopsis occidentalis) Freshwater

Trout, Apache Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus apache) Freshwater

Trout, Gila Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus gilae) Freshwater

Ambersnail, Kanab Endangered Gastropod No

(Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's) Long-nosed Endangered Mammal No

(Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Jaguar Endangered Mammal No

(Panthera onca) Terrestrial

Jaguarundi, Sinaloan Endangered Mammal No

(Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi tolteca) Terrestrial

Ocelot Endangered Mammal No

(Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis) Terrestrial

Squirrel, Mount Graham Red Endangered Mammal Yes

(Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis) Terrestrial

Vole, Hualapai Mexican Endangered Mammal No

(Microtus mexicanus hualpaiensis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial

Sedge, Navajo Threatened Monocot Yes

(Carex specuicola) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial



### Arkansas ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Fatmucket, Arkansas Threatened Bivalve No

(Lampsilis powelli) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Scaleshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Leptodea leptodon) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Bladderpod, Missouri Threatened Dicot No

(Lesquerella filiformis) Terrestrial

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### 146

### Arkansas ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Ozark Big-eared Endangered Mammal No

(Corynorhinus (=Plecot us) townsendii ingens) Terrestrial, Subterraneous



### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Frog, California Red-legged Threatened Amphibian Yes

(Rana aurora draytonii) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Frog, Mountain Yellow-legged Endangered Amphibian No

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Salamander, California Tiger Endangered Amphibian No

(Ambystoma californiense) Terrestrial, Vernal pool

Salamander, Desert Slender Endangered Amphibian No

(Batrachoseps aridus) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Salamander, Santa Cruz Long-toed Endangered Amphibian No

(Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Toad, Arroyo Southwestern Endangered Amphibian Yes

(Bufo californicus (=microscaphus)) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Condor, California Endangered Bird Yes

(Gymnogyps californianus) Terrestrial

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

Gnatcatcher, Coastal California Threatened Bird Yes

(Polioptila californica californica) Terrestrial

Murrelet, Marbled Threatened Bird Yes

(Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus) Freshwater, Terrestrial, Saltwater

Owl, Northern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Plover, Western Snowy Threatened Bird Yes

(Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) Terrestrial

Rail, California Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris obsoletus) Terrestrial

Rail, Light-footed Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris levipes) Terrestrial

Rail, Yuma Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial

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### 147

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Shrike, San Clemente Loggerhead Endangered Bird No

(Lanius ludovicianus mearnsi) Terrestrial

Sparrow, San Clemente Sage Threatened Bird No

(Amphispiza belli clementeae) Terrestrial

Tern, California Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum browni) Terrestrial

Towhee, Inyo Brown Threatened Bird Yes

(Pipilo crissalis eremophilus) Terrestrial

Vireo, Least Bell's Endangered Bird Yes

(Vireo bellii pusillus) Terrestrial

Cypress, Gowen Threatened Conf/cycds No

(Cupressus goveniana ssp. goveniana) Terrestrial

Abalone, White Endangered Crustacean No

(Haliotis sorenseni) Saltwater

Fairy Shrimp, Conservancy Fairy Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Branchinecta conservatio) Vernal pool

Fairy Shrimp, Longhorn Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Branchinecta longiantenna) Vernal pool

Fairy Shrimp, Riverside Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Streptocephalus woottoni) Vernal pool

Fairy Shrimp, San Diego Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Branchinecta sandiegonensis) Vernal pool

Fairy Shrimp, Vernal Pool Threatened Crustacean Yes

(Branchinecta lynchi) Vernal pool

Tadpole Shrimp, Vernal Pool Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Lepidurus packardi) Vernal pool

Adobe Sunburst, San Joaquin Threatened Dicot No

(Pseudobahia peirsonii) Terrestrial

Ambrosia, San Diego Endangered Dicot No

(Ambrosia pumila) Terrestrial

Baccharis, Encinitas Threatened Dicot No

(Baccharis vanessae) Terrestrial

Barberry, Island Endangered Dicot No

(Berberis pinnata ssp. insularis) Terrestrial

Barberry, Nevin's Endangered Dicot No

(Berberis nevinii) Terrestrial

Bedstraw, Island Endangered Dicot No

(Galium buxifolium) Terrestrial

Bird's-beak, Palmate-bracted Endangered Dicot No

(Cordylanthus palmatus) Terrestrial

Bird's-beak, salt marsh Endangered Dicot No

(Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. maritimus) Saltwater

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### 148

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bird's-beak, Soft Endangered Dicot No

(Cordylanthus mollis ssp. mollis) Brackish, Saltwater

Bladderpod, San Bernardino Mountains Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lesquerella kingii ssp. bernardina) Terrestrial

Bluecurls, Hidden Lake Threatened Dicot No

(Trichostema austromontanum ssp. compactum) Terrestrial

Broom, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No

(Lotus dendroideus ssp. traskiae) Terrestrial

Buckwheat, Cushenbury Endangered Dicot Yes

(Eriogonum ovalifolium var. vineum) Terrestrial

Buckwheat, Southern Mountain Wild Threatened Dicot No

(Eriogonum kennedyi var. austromontanum) Terrestrial

Bush-mallow, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No

(Malacothamnus clementinus) Terrestrial

Bush-mallow, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No

(Malacothamnus fasciculatus var. nesioticus) Terrestrial

Button-celery, San Diego Endangered Dicot No

(Eryngium aristulatum var. parishii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Bakersfield Endangered Dicot No

(Opuntia treleasei) Terrestrial

Ceanothus, Coyote Endangered Dicot No

(Ceanothus ferrisae) Terrestrial

Ceanothus, Vail Lake Threatened Dicot No

(Ceanothus ophiochilus) Terrestrial

Centaury, Spring-loving Threatened Dicot Yes

(Centaurium namophilum) Terrestrial

Checker-mallow, Keck's Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sidalcea keckii) Terrestrial

Checker-mallow, Pedate Endangered Dicot No

(Sidalcea pedata) Terrestrial

Clarkia, Pismo Endangered Dicot No

(Clarkia speciosa ssp. immaculata) Terrestrial

Clarkia, Springville Threatened Dicot No

(Clarkia springvillensis) Terrestrial

Clover, Fleshy Owl's Threatened Dicot Yes

(Castilleja campestris ssp. succulenta) Vernal pool

Clover, Monterey Endangered Dicot No

(Trifolium trichocalyx) Terrestrial

Crownbeard, Big-leaved Threatened Dicot No

(Verbesina dissita) Terrestrial

Crownscale, San Jacinto Valley Endangered Dicot No

(Atriplex coronata var. notatior) Terrestrial

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### 149

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Daisy, Parish's Threatened Dicot Yes

(Erigeron parishii) Freshwater

Dudleya, Conejo Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya abramsii ssp. parva) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Marcescent Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya cymosa ssp. marcescens) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Santa Clara Valley Endangered Dicot No

(Dudleya setchellii) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Santa Cruz Island Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya nesiotica) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Santa Monica Mountains Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya cymosa ssp. ovatifolia) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Verity's Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya verityi) Terrestrial

Evening-primrose, Antioch Dunes Endangered Dicot Yes

(Oenothera deltoides ssp. howellii) Terrestrial

Evening-primrose, Eureka Valley Endangered Dicot No

(Oenothera avita ssp. eurekensis) Terrestrial

Evening-primrose, San Benito Threatened Dicot No

(Camissonia benitensis) Terrestrial

Fiddleneck, Large-flowered Endangered Dicot Yes

(Amsinckia grandiflora) Terrestrial

Flannelbush, Mexican Endangered Dicot No

(Fremontodendron mexicanum) Terrestrial

Fringepod, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No

(Thysanocarpus conchuliferus) Terrestrial

Gilia, Hoffmann's Slender-flowered Endangered Dicot No

(Gilia tenuiflora ssp. hoffmannii) Terrestrial

Gilia, Monterey Endangered Dicot No

(Gilia tenuiflora ssp. arenaria) Terrestrial

Golden Sunburst, Hartweg's Endangered Dicot No

(Pseudobahia bahiifolia) Terrestrial

Goldfields, Burke's Endangered Dicot No

(Lasthenia burkei) Terrestrial

Goldfields, Contra Costa Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lasthenia conjugens) Terrestrial

Grass, Hairy Orcutt Endangered Dicot Yes

(Orcuttia pilosa) Vernal pool

Grass, Sacramento Orcutt Endangered Dicot Yes

(Orcuttia viscida) Vernal pool

Grass, Slender Orcutt Threatened Dicot Yes

(Orcuttia tenuis) Vernal pool

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### 150

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Gumplant, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Grindelia fraxino-pratensis) Terrestrial

Ivesia, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Ivesia kingii var. eremica) Terrestrial

Jewelflower, California Endangered Dicot No

(Caulanthus californicus) Terrestrial

Larkspur, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No

(Delphinium variegatum ssp. kinkiense) Terrestrial

Layia, Beach Endangered Dicot No

(Layia carnosa) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic)

Liveforever, Santa Barbara Island Endangered Dicot No

(Dudleya traskiae) Terrestrial

Lupine, Clover Endangered Dicot No

(Lupinus tidestromii) Coastal (neritic)

Lupine, Nipomo Mesa Endangered Dicot No

(Lupinus nipomensis) Coastal (neritic)

Malacothrix, Island Endangered Dicot No

(Malacothrix squalida) Terrestrial

Malacothrix, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No

(Malacothrix indecora) Terrestrial

Mallow, Kern Endangered Dicot No

(Eremalche kernensis) Terrestrial

Manzanita, Del Mar Endangered Dicot No

(Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp. crassifolia) Terrestrial

Manzanita, Morro Threatened Dicot No

(Arctostaphylos morroensis) Terrestrial

Manzanita, Santa Rosa Island Endangered Dicot No

(Arctostaphylos confertiflora) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Braunton's Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus brauntonii) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Coachella Valley Endangered Dicot Yes

(Astragalus lentiginos us var. coachellae) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Coastal Dunes Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus tener var. titi) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Cushenbury Endangered Dicot Yes

(Astragalus albens) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Fish Slough Threatened Dicot No

(Astragalus lentiginos us var. piscinensis) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Lane Mountain Endangered Dicot Yes

(Astragalus jaegerianus) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Triple-ribbed Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus tricarinatus) Terrestrial

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### 151

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Milk-vetch, Ventura Marsh Endangered Dicot Yes

(Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Mint, Otay Mesa Endangered Dicot No

(Pogogyne nudiuscula) Terrestrial

Mint, San Diego Mesa Endangered Dicot No

(Pogogyne abramsii) Terrestrial

Monardella, Willowy Endangered Dicot No

(Monardella linoides ssp. viminea) Terrestrial

Mountainbalm, Indian Knob Endangered Dicot No

(Eriodictyon altissimum) Terrestrial

Mountain-mahogany, Catalina Island Endangered Dicot No

(Cercocarpus traskiae) Terrestrial

Mustard, Slender-petaled Endangered Dicot No

(Thelypodium stenopetalum) Terrestrial

Navarretia, Few-flowered Endangered Dicot No

(Navarretia leucocephala ssp. pauciflora (=N. pauciflora)) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Navarretia, Many-flowered Endangered Dicot No

(Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha) Terrestrial, Vernal pool

Navarretia, Spreading Threatened Dicot No

(Navarretia fossalis) Vernal pool

Niterwort, Amargosa Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nitrophila mohavensis) Terrestrial

Oxytheca, Cushenbury Endangered Dicot Yes

(Oxytheca parishii var. goodmaniana) Terrestrial

Paintbrush, Ash-grey Indian Threatened Dicot No

(Castilleja cinerea) Terrestrial

Paintbrush, San Clemente Island Indian Endangered Dicot No

(Castilleja grisea) Terrestrial

Paintbrush, Soft-leaved Endangered Dicot No

(Castilleja mollis) Terrestrial

Paintbrush, Tiburon Endangered Dicot No

(Castilleja affinis ssp. neglecta) Terrestrial

Pentachaeta, Lyon's Endangered Dicot No

(Pentachaeta lyonii) Terrestrial

Phacelia, Island Endangered Dicot No

(Phacelia insularis ssp. insularis) Terrestrial

Phlox, Yreka Endangered Dicot No

(Phlox hirsuta) Terrestrial

Potentilla, Hickman's Endangered Dicot No

(Potentilla hickmanii) Terrestrial

Pussypaws, Mariposa Threatened Dicot No

(Calyptridium pulchellum) Terrestrial

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### 152

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Rock-cress, Hoffmann's Endangered Dicot No

(Arabis hoffmannii) Terrestrial

Rock-cress, McDonald's Endangered Dicot No

(Arabis mcdonaldiana) Terrestrial

Rock-cress, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No

(Sibara filifolia) Terrestrial

Rush-rose, Island Threatened Dicot No

(Helianthemum greenei) Terrestrial

Sandwort, Bear Valley Threatened Dicot No

(Arenaria ursina) Terrestrial

Sandwort, Marsh Endangered Dicot No

(Arenaria paludicola) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Sea-blite, California Endangered Dicot No

(Suaeda californica) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Howell's Endangered Dicot No

(Chorizanthe howellii) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Monterey Threatened Dicot Yes

(Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Orcutt's Endangered Dicot No

(Chorizanthe orcuttiana) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Robust Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chorizanthe robusta var. robusta) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Slender-horned Endangered Dicot No

(Dodecahema leptoceras) Terrestrial

Spurge, Hoover's Threatened Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce hooveri) Vernal pool

Stonecrop, Lake County Endangered Dicot No

(Parvisedum leiocarpum) Vernal pool

Taraxacum, California Endangered Dicot No

(Taraxacum californicum) Terrestrial

Tarplant, Gaviota Endangered Dicot Yes

(Deinandra increscens ssp. villosa) Terrestrial

Tarplant, Otay Threatened Dicot Yes

(Deinandra (=Hemizonia) conjugens) Terrestrial

Tarplant, Santa Cruz Threatened Dicot Yes

(Holocarpha macradenia) Terrestrial

Thistle, Chorro creek Bog Endangered Dicot No

(Cirsium fontinale var. obispoense) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Thistle, Fountain Endangered Dicot No

(Cirsium fontinale var. fontinale) Terrestrial

Thistle, La Graciosa Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cirsium loncholepis) Coastal (neritic), Freshwater,

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### 153

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Thistle, Suisun Endangered Dicot No

(Cirsium hydrophilum var. hydrophilum) Brackish, Terrestrial

Thornmint, San Diego Threatened Dicot No

(Acanthomintha ilicifolia) Terrestrial

Tuctoria, Green's Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tuctoria greenei) Vernal pool

Wallflower, Menzie's Endangered Dicot No

(Erysimum menziesii) Terrestrial

Watercress, Gambel's Endangered Dicot No

(Rorippa gambellii) Terrestrial, Brackish, Freshwater

Woodland-star, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No

(Lithophragma maximum) Terrestrial

Woolly-star, Santa Ana River Endangered Dicot No

(Eriastrum densifolium ssp. sanctorum) Terrestrial

Woolly-threads, San Joaquin Endangered Dicot No

(Monolopia (=Lembertia) congdonii) Terrestrial

Yerba Santa, Lompoc Endangered Dicot Yes

(Eriodictyon capitatum) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Mohave Tui Endangered Fish No

(Gila bicolor mohavensis) Freshwater

Chub, Owens Tui Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila bicolor snyderi) Freshwater

Dace, Ash Meadows Speckled Endangered Fish Yes

(Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) Freshwater

Goby, Tidewater Endangered Fish Yes

(Eucyclogobius newberryi) Freshwater

Pupfish, Desert Endangered Fish Yes

(Cyprinodon macularius) Freshwater

Pupfish, Owens Endangered Fish No

(Cyprinodon radiosus) Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (California Coastal Run) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Salmon, Chinook (Central Valley Fall Run) Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Salmon, Chinook (Central Valley Spring Run) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (Sacramento River Winter Run) Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Freshwater, Brackish

Salmon, Coho (Central California Coast population) Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater

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### 154

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salmon, Coho (Southern OR/Northern CA Coast) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Smelt, Delta Threatened Fish Yes

(Hypomesus transpacificus) Freshwater, Brackish

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Steelhead, (California Central Valley population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Central California Coast population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Steelhead, (Northern California population) Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater

Steelhead, (South-Central California population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Steelhead, (Southern California population) Endangered Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Stickleback, Unarmored Threespine Endangered Fish No

(Gasterosteus aculeatus williamsoni) Freshwater

Sturgeon, green Threatened Fish No

(Acipenser medirostris)

Sucker, Lost River Endangered Fish No

(Deltistes luxatus) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Sucker, Santa Ana Threatened Fish Yes

(Catostomus santaanae) Freshwater

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater

Trout, Little Kern Golden Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus aguabonita whitei) Freshwater

Trout, Paiute Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki seleniris) Freshwater

Snail, Morro Shoulderband Endangered Gastropod Yes

(Helminthoglypta walkeriana) Terrestrial

Beetle, Delta Green Ground Threatened Insect Yes

(Elaphrus viridis) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Beetle, Valley Elderberry Longhorn Threatened Insect Yes

(Desmocerus californicus dimorphus) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Bay Checkerspot (Wright's euphydryas) Threatened Insect Yes

(Euphydryas editha bayensis) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Behren's Silverspot Endangered Insect No

(Speyeria zerene behrensii) Terrestrial

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### 155

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Butterfly, El Segundo Blue Endangered Insect No

(Euphilotes battoides allyni) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Lotis Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides argyrognomon lotis) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Palos Verdes Blue Endangered Insect Yes

(Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverdesensis) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Quino Checkerspot Endangered Insect Yes

(Euphydryas editha quino (=E. e. wrighti)) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Smith's Blue Endangered Insect No

(Euphilotes enoptes smithi) Terrestrial

Fly, Delhi Sands Flower-loving Endangered Insect No

(Rhaphiomidas terminatus abdominalis) Terrestrial

Moth, Kern Primrose Sphinx Threatened Insect No

(Euproserpinus euterpe) Terrestrial

Skipper, Laguna Mountain Endangered Insect No

(Pyrgus ruralis lagunae) Terrestrial

Fox, San Joaquin Kit Endangered Mammal No

(Vulpes macrotis mutica) Terrestrial

Fox, San Miguel Island Endangered Mammal Yes

(Urocyon littoralis littoralis) Terrestrial

Fox, Santa Catalina Island Endangered Mammal Yes

(Urocyon littoralis catalinae) Terrestrial

Fox, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Mammal Yes

(Urocyon littoralis santacruzae) Terrestrial

Fox, Santa Rosa Island Endangered Mammal Yes

(Urocyon littoralis santarosae) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Fresno Endangered Mammal Yes

(Dipodomys nitratoides exilis) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Giant Endangered Mammal No

(Dipodomys ingens) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Morro Bay Endangered Mammal Yes

(Dipodomys heermanni morroensis) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, San Bernardino Merriam's Endangered Mammal Yes

(Dipodomys merriami parvus) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Stephens' Endangered Mammal No

(Dipodomys stephensi (incl. D. cascus)) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Tipton Endangered Mammal No

(Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides) Terrestrial

Mountain Beaver, Point Arena Endangered Mammal No

(Aplodontia rufa nigra) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Mouse, Pacific Pocket Endangered Mammal No

(Perognathus longimembris pacificus) Terrestrial

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### 156

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mouse, Salt Marsh Harvest Endangered Mammal No

(Reithrodontomys raviventris) Terrestrial

Rabbit, Riparian Brush Endangered Mammal No

(Sylvilagus bachm ani riparius) Terrestrial

Sheep, Peninsular Bighorn Endangered Mammal Yes

(Ovis canadensis) Terrestrial

Sheep, Sierra Nevada Bighorn Endangered Mammal No

(Ovis canadensis californiana) Terrestrial

Shrew, Buena Vista Lake Ornate Endangered Mammal Yes

(Sorex ornatus relictus) Terrestrial

Vole, Amargosa Endangered Mammal Yes

(Microtus californicus scirpensis) Terrestrial

Woodrat, Riparian Endangered Mammal No

(Neotoma fuscipes riparia) Terrestrial

Otter, Southern Sea Threatened Marine mml No

(Enhydra lutris nereis) Saltwater

Seal, Guadalupe Fur Threatened Marine mml No

(Arctocephalus townsendi) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater

Amole, Cammatta Canyon Threatened Monocot Yes

(Chlorogalum purpureum var. reductum) Terrestrial

Amole, Purple Threatened Monocot Yes

(Chlorogalum purpureum var. purpureum) Terrestrial

Bluegrass, San Bernardino Endangered Monocot No

(Poa atropurpurea) Terrestrial

Brodiaea, Thread-leaved Threatened Monocot Yes

(Brodiaea filifolia) Terrestrial

Grass, California Orcutt Endangered Monocot No

(Orcuttia californica) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Grass, Colusa Threatened Monocot No

(Neostapfia colusana) Vernal pool

Grass, Eureka Dune Endangered Monocot No

(Swallenia alexandrae) Terrestrial

Grass, San Joaquin Valley Orcutt Threatened Monocot Yes

(Orcuttia inaequalis) Vernal pool

Grass, Solano Endangered Monocot Yes

(Tuctoria mucronata) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Onion, Munz's Endangered Monocot No

(Allium munzii) Terrestrial

Piperia, Yadon's Endangered Monocot No

(Piperia yadonii) Terrestrial

Lizard, Blunt-nosed Leopard Endangered Reptile No

(Gambelia silus) Terrestrial

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### 157

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Lizard, Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Threatened Reptile Yes

(Uma inornata) Terrestrial

Lizard, Island Night Threatened Reptile No

(Xantusia riversiana) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, olive ridley Threatened Reptile No

(Lepidochelys olivacea) Saltwater

Snake, Giant Garter Threatened Reptile No

(Thamnophis gigas) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial



### Colorado ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial

Butterfly Plant, Colorado Threatened Dicot Yes

(Gaura neomexicana var. coloradensis) Terrestrial

Cactus, Knowlton Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus knowltonii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Mesa Verde Threatened Dicot No

(Sclerocactus mesae-verdae) Terrestrial

Cactus, Uinta Basin Hookless Threatened Dicot No

(Sclerocactus glaucus) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Mancos Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus humillimus) Terrestrial

Wild-buckwheat, Clay-loving Endangered Dicot Yes

(Eriogonum pelinophilum) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila cypha) Freshwater

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Trout, Greenback Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki stomias) Freshwater

Skipper, Pawnee Montane Threatened Insect No

(Hesperia leonardus montana) Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Mouse, Preble's Meadow Jumping Threatened Mammal Yes

(Zapus hudsonius preblei) Terrestrial

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### 158

### Colorado ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Ladies'-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No

(Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial



### Connecticut ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial



### Delaware ( 4) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Squirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox Endangered Mammal No

(Sciurus niger cinereus) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No

(Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Caracara, Audubon's Crested Threatened Bird No

(Polyborus plancus audubonii) Terrestrial

Kite, Everglade Snail Endangered Bird Yes

(Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Scrub-Jay, Florida Threatened Bird No

(Aphelocoma coerulescens) Terrestrial

Sparrow, Cape Sable Seaside Endangered Bird Yes

(Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis) Terrestrial

Sparrow, Florida Grasshopper Endangered Bird No

(Ammodramus savannarum floridanus) Terrestrial

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Bankclimber, Purple Threatened Bivalve No

(Elliptoideus sloatianus) Freshwater

Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Medionidus penicillatus) Freshwater

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### 159

### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Ochlockonee Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Medionidus simpsonianus) Freshwater

Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema pyriforme) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny-rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater

Slabshell, Chipola Threatened Bivalve No

(Elliptio chipolaensis) Freshwater

Threeridge, Fat (Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Amblema neislerii) Freshwater

Torreya, Florida Endangered Conf/cycds No

(Torreya taxifolia) Terrestrial

Shrimp, Squirrel Chimney Cave Threatened Crustacean No

(Palaemonetes cummingi) Freshwater, Subterraneous

Aster, Florida Golden Endangered Dicot No

(Chrysopsis floridana) Terrestrial

Birds-in-a-nest, White Threatened Dicot No

(Macbridea alba) Terrestrial

Blazing Star, Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Liatris ohlingerae) Terrestrial

Bonamia, Florida Threatened Dicot No

(Bonamia grandiflora) Terrestrial

Buckwheat, Scrub Threatened Dicot No

(Eriogonum longifolium var. gnaphalifolium) Terrestrial

Butterwort, Godfrey's Threatened Dicot No

(Pinguicula ionantha) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Campion, Fringed Endangered Dicot No

(Silene polypetala) Terrestrial

Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No

(Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial

Fringe Tree, Pygmy Endangered Dicot No

(Chionanthus pygmaeus) Terrestrial

Gooseberry, Miccosukee Threatened Dicot No

(Ribes echinellum) Terrestrial

Gourd, Okeechobee Endangered Dicot No

(Cucurbita okeechobeens is ssp. okeechobeensis) Terrestrial

Harebells, Avon Park Endangered Dicot No

(Crotalaria avonensis) Terrestrial

Hypericum, Highlands Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Hypericum cumulicola) Terrestrial

Jacquemontia, Beach Endangered Dicot No

(Jacquemontia reclinata) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic)

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### 160

### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Lead-plant, Crenulate Endangered Dicot No

(Amorpha crenulata) Terrestrial

Lupine, Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Lupinus aridorum) Terrestrial

Meadowrue, Cooley's Endangered Dicot No

(Thalictrum cooleyi) Terrestrial

Milkpea, Small's Endangered Dicot No

(Galactia smallii) Terrestrial

Mint, Garrett's Endangered Dicot No

(Dicerandra christmanii) Terrestrial

Mint, Lakela's Endangered Dicot No

(Dicerandra immaculata) Terrestrial

Mint, Longspurred Endangered Dicot No

(Dicerandra cornutissima) Terrestrial

Mint, Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Dicerandra frutescens) Terrestrial

Mustard, Carter's Endangered Dicot No

(Warea carteri) Terrestrial

Pawpaw, Beautiful Endangered Dicot No

(Deeringothamnus pulchellus) Terrestrial

Pawpaw, Four-petal Endangered Dicot No

(Asimina tetramera) Terrestrial

Pawpaw, Rugel's Endangered Dicot No

(Deeringothamnus rugelii) Terrestrial

Pinkroot, Gentian Endangered Dicot No

(Spigelia gentianoides) Terrestrial

Plum, Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Prunus geniculata) Terrestrial

Polygala, Lewton's Endangered Dicot No

(Polygala lewtonii) Terrestrial

Polygala, Tiny Endangered Dicot No

(Polygala smallii) Terrestrial

Rhododendron, Chapman Endangered Dicot No

(Rhododendron chapmanii) Terrestrial

Rosemary, Etonia Endangered Dicot No

(Conradina etonia) Terrestrial

Rosemary, Short-leaved Endangered Dicot No

(Conradina brevifolia) Terrestrial

Sandlace Endangered Dicot No

(Polygonella myriophylla) Terrestrial

Snakeroot Endangered Dicot No

(Eryngium cuneifolium) Terrestrial

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### 161

### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Spurge, Deltoid Endangered Dicot No

(Chamaesyce deltoidea ssp. deltoidea) Terrestrial

Spurge, Garber's Threatened Dicot No

(Chamaesyce garberi) Terrestrial

Spurge, Telephus Threatened Dicot No

(Euphorbia telephioides) Terrestrial

Warea, Wide-leaf Endangered Dicot No

(Warea amplexifolia) Terrestrial

Whitlow-wort, Papery Threatened Dicot No

(Paronychia chartacea) Terrestrial

Wings, Pigeon Threatened Dicot No

(Clitoria fragrans) Terrestrial

Wireweed Endangered Dicot No

(Polygonella basiramia) Terrestrial

Ziziphus, Florida Endangered Dicot No

(Ziziphus celata) Terrestrial

Darter, Okaloosa Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma okaloosae) Freshwater

Sawfish, Smalltooth Endangered Fish No

(Pristis pectinata) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Butterfly, Schaus Swallowtail Endangered Insect No

(Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus) Terrestrial

Cladonia, Florida Perforate Endangered Lichen No

(Cladonia perforata) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Mouse, Anastasia Island Beach Endangered Mammal No

(Peromyscus polionotus phasma) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic)

Mouse, Choctawhatchee Beach Endangered Mammal Yes

(Peromyscus polionotus allophrys) Coastal (neritic), Terrestrial

Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Endangered Mammal Yes

(Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) Coastal (neritic)

Mouse, Southeastern Beach Threatened Mammal No

(Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris) Coastal (neritic), Terrestrial

Panther, Florida Endangered Mammal No

(Puma (=Felis) concolor coryi) Terrestrial

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### 162

### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Manatee, West Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

Beargrass, Britton's Endangered Monocot No

(Nolina brittoniana) Terrestrial

Seagrass, Johnson's Threatened Monocot Yes

(Halophila johnsonii) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater

Crocodile, American Threatened Reptile Yes

(Crocodylus acutus) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes

(Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes

(Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater

Skink, Blue-tailed Mole Threatened Reptile No

(Eumeces egregius lividus) Terrestrial

Skink, Sand Threatened Reptile No

(Neoseps reynoldsi) Terrestrial

Snake, Atlantic Salt Marsh Threatened Reptile No

(Nerodia clarkii taeniata) Saltwater, Terrestrial, Brackish

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial



### Georgia ( 39) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Bankclimber, Purple Threatened Bivalve No

(Elliptoideus sloatianus) Freshwater

Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater

Kidneyshell, Triangular Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater

Mussel, Acornshell Southern Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma othcaloogensis) Freshwater

Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater

Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater

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### 163

### Georgia ( 39) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Fine-lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater

Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Medionidus penicillatus) Freshwater

Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema pyriforme) Freshwater

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny-rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater

Threeridge, Fat (Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Amblema neislerii) Freshwater

Torreya, Florida Endangered Conf/cycds No

(Torreya taxifolia) Terrestrial

Amphianthus, Little Threatened Dicot No

(Amphianthus pusillus) Freshwater

Barbara Buttons, Mohr's Threatened Dicot No

(Marshallia mohrii) Terrestrial

Campion, Fringed Endangered Dicot No

(Silene polypetala) Terrestrial

Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No

(Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Pitcher-plant, Green Endangered Dicot No

(Sarracenia oreophila) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Rattleweed, Hairy Endangered Dicot No

(Baptisia arachnifera) Terrestrial

Skullcap, Large-flowered Threatened Dicot No

(Scutellaria montana) Terrestrial

Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial

Quillwort, Black-spored Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes melanospora) Vernal pool

Quillwort, Mat-forming Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes tegetiformans) Vernal pool

Darter, Cherokee Threatened Fish No

(Etheostoma scotti) Freshwater

Darter, Etowah Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma etowahae) Freshwater

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### 164

### Georgia ( 39) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Darter, Goldline Threatened Fish No

(Percina aurolineata) Freshwater

Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No

(Cyprinella caerulea) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Grass, Tennessee Yellow-eyed Endangered Monocot No

(Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestrial

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial

Trillium, Relict Endangered Monocot No

(Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial



### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Spider, Kauai Cave Wolf Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

'Akepa, Hawaii Endangered Bird No

(Loxops coccineus coccineus) Terrestrial

'Akepa, Maui Endangered Bird No

(Loxops coccineus ochraceus) Terrestrial

'Akia Loa, Kauai (Hem ignathus procerus) Endangered Bird No

(Hemignathus procerus) Terrestrial

'Akia Pola'au (Hemignathus munroi) Endangered Bird No

(Hemignathus munroi) Terrestrial

Albatross, Short-tailed Endangered Bird No

(Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus) Terrestrial, Saltwater

Coot, Hawaiian (=Alae keo keo) Endangered Bird No

(Fulica americana alai) Terrestrial

Creeper, Hawaii Endangered Bird No

(Oreomystis mana) Terrestrial

Creeper, Molokai (Kakawahie) Endangered Bird No

(Paroreomyza flammea) Terrestrial

Creeper, Oahu (Alauwahio) Endangered Bird No

(Paroreomyza maculata) Terrestrial

Crow, Hawaiian ('Alala) Endangered Bird No

(Corvus hawaiiensis) Terrestrial

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### 165

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Duck, Hawaiian (Koloa) Endangered Bird No

(Anas wyvilliana) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Duck, Laysan Endangered Bird No

(Anas laysanensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Elepaio, Oahu Endangered Bird Yes

(Chasiempis sandwichensis ibidis) Terrestrial

Finch, Laysan Endangered Bird No

(Telespyza cantans) Terrestrial

Finch, Nihoa Endangered Bird No

(Telespyza ultima) Terrestrial

Goose, Hawaiian (Nene) Endangered Bird No

(Branta (=Nesochen) sandvicensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Hawk, Hawaiian (Io) Endangered Bird No

(Buteo solitarius) Terrestrial

Honeycreeper, Crested ('Akohekohe) Endangered Bird No

(Palmeria dolei) Terrestrial

Millerbird, Nihoa Endangered Bird No

(Acrocephalus familiaris kingi) Terrestrial

Moorhen, Hawaiian Common Endangered Bird No

(Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis) Terrestrial

Nuku Pu'u Endangered Bird No

(Hemignathus lucidus) Terrestrial

'O'o, Kauai (='A'a) Endangered Bird No

(Moho braccatus) Terrestrial

'O'u (Honeycreeper) Endangered Bird No

(Psittirostra psittacea) Terrestrial

Palila Endangered Bird Yes

(Loxioides bailleui) Terrestrial

Parrotbill, Maui Endangered Bird No

(Pseudonestor xanthophrys) Terrestrial

Petrel, Hawaiian Dark-rumped Endangered Bird No

(Pterodroma phaeopygia sandwichensis) Terrestrial

Po'ouli Endangered Bird No

(Melamprosops phaeosoma) Terrestrial

Shearwater, Newell's Townsend's Threatened Bird No

(Puffinus auricularis newelli) Terrestrial, Saltwater

Stilt, Hawaiian (=Ae'o) Endangered Bird No

(Himantopus mexicanus knudseni) Terrestrial

Thrush, Large Kauai Endangered Bird No

(Myadestes myadestinus) Terrestrial

Thrush, Molokai (Oloma'o) Endangered Bird No

(Myadestes lanaiensis rutha) Terrestrial

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### 166

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Thrush, Small Kauai (Puaiohi) Endangered Bird No

(Myadestes palmeri) Terrestrial

Amphipod, Kauai Cave Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Spelaeorchestia koloana) Freshwater, Subterraneous

Abutilon eremitopetalum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Abutilon eremitopetalum) Terrestrial

Abutilon sandwicense (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Abutilon sandwicense) Terrestrial

Achyranthes mutica (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Achyranthes mutica) Terrestrial

Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata) Terrestrial

A'e (Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum) Terrestrial

A'e (Zanthoxylum hawaiiense) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Zanthoxylum hawaiiense) Terrestrial

'Aiea (Nothocestrum breviflorum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nothocestrum breviflorum) Terrestrial

'Aiea (Nothocestrum peltatum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nothocestrum peltatum) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce deppeana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce deppeana) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce herbstii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce herbstii) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce kuwaleana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce kuwaleana) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce rockii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce rockii) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce skottsbergii var. skottsbe Endangered Dicot No

(Chamaesyce skottsbergii var. kalaeloana) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Euphorbia haeleeleana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Euphorbia haeleeleana) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope adscendens) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope adscendens) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope balloui) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope balloui) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope haupuensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope haupuensis) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope knudsenii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope knudsenii) Terrestrial

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### 167

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Alani (Melicope lydgatei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope lydgatei) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope mucronulata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope mucronulata) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope munroi) Endangered Dicot No

(Melicope munroi) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope ovalis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope ovalis) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope pallida) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope pallida) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope quadrangularis) Endangered Dicot No

(Melicope quadrangularis) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope reflexa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope reflexa) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope saint-johnii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope saint-johnii) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope zahlbruckneri) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope zahlbruckneri) Terrestrial

Alsinidendron obovatum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alsinidendron obovatum) Terrestrial

Alsinidendron trinerve (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alsinidendron trinerve) Terrestrial

Alsinidendron viscosum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alsinidendron viscosum) Terrestrial

Amaranthus brownii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Amaranthus brownii) Terrestrial

'Anaunau (Lepidium arbuscula) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lepidium arbuscula) Terrestrial

'Anunu (Sicyos alba) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sicyos alba) Terrestrial

Aupaka (Isodendrion hosakae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Isodendrion hosakae) Terrestrial

Aupaka (Isodendrion laurifolium) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Isodendrion laurifolium) Terrestrial

Aupaka (Isodendrion longifolium) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Isodendrion longifolium) Terrestrial

'Awikiwiki (Canavalia molokaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Canavalia molokaiensis) Terrestrial

'Awiwi (Centaurium sebaeoides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Centaurium sebaeoides) Terrestrial

'Awiwi (Hedyotis cookiana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis cookiana) Terrestrial

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### 168

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bonamia menziesii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Bonamia menziesii) Terrestrial

Chamaesyce Halemanui (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce halemanui) Terrestrial

Cyanea undulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea undulata) Terrestrial

Delissea rhytodisperma (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Delissea rhytidosperma) Terrestrial

Dubautia latifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Dubautia latifolia) Terrestrial

Dubautia pauciflorula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Dubautia pauciflorula) Terrestrial

Geranium, Hawaiian Red-flowered Endangered Dicot Yes

(Geranium arboreum) Terrestrial

Gouania hillebrandii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gouania hillebrandii) Terrestrial

Gouania meyenii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gouania meyenii) Terrestrial

Gouania vitifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gouania vitifolia) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea acuminata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea acuminata) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea asarifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea asarifolia) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii) Endangered Dicot No

(Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea copelandii ssp. haleakalaensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea copelandii ssp. haleakalaensis) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea Crispa) (=Rollandia crispa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea (=Rollandia) crispa) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea dunbarii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea dunbarii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea glabra) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea glabra) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. grimesiana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea grimesiana ssp. grimesiana) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. obatae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea grimesiana ssp. obatae) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. carlsonii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea hamatiflora carlsonii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora) Terrestrial

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### 169

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Haha (Cyanea humboldtiana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea humboldtiana) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea koolauensis) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea longiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea longiflora) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea Macrostegia var. gibsonii) Endangered Dicot No

(Cyanea macrostegia ssp. gibsonii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea mannii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea mceldowneyi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea mceldowneyi) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea pinnatifida) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea pinnatifida) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea platyphylla) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea platyphylla) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea procera) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea procera) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea recta) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Cyanea recta) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea remyi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea remyi) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea shipmanii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea shipmannii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea stictophylla) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea stictophylla) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea St-Johnii) (=Rollandia St-Johnii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea st-johnii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea superba) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea superba) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra crenata) Endangered Dicot No

(Cyrtandra crenata) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra dentata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra dentata) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra giffardii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra giffardii) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra limahuliensis) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra limahuliensis) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra munroi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra munroi) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra polyantha) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra polyantha) Terrestrial

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### 170

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra subumbellata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra subumbellata) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra tintinnabula) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra tintinnabula) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra viridiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra viridiflora) Terrestrial

Haplostachys Haplostachya (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Haplostachys haplostachya) Terrestrial

Hau Kauhiwi (Hibiscadelphus woodi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscadelphus woodii) Terrestrial

Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus distans) Endangered Dicot No

(Hibiscadelphus distans) Terrestrial

Heau (Exocarpos luteolus) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Exocarpos luteolus) Terrestrial

Hedyotis degeneri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis degeneri) Terrestrial

Hedyotis parvula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis parvula) Terrestrial

Hedyotis St.-Johnii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis st.-johnii) Terrestrial

Hesperomannia arborescens (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hesperomannia arborescens) Terrestrial

Hesperomannia arbuscula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hesperomannia arbuscula) Terrestrial

Hesperomannia lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hesperomannia lydgatei) Terrestrial

Hibiscus, Clay's Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscus clayi) Terrestrial

Holei (Ochrosia kilaueaensis) Endangered Dicot No

(Ochrosia kilaueaensis) Terrestrial

Iliau (Wilkesia hobdyi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Wilkesia hobdyi) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia cyrtandrae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Labordia cyrtandrae) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia lydgatei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Labordia lydgatei) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia tini folia var. lanaiensis) Endangered Dicot No

(Labordia tinifolia var. lanaiensis) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaen) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaensis) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia triflora) Endangered Dicot No

(Labordia triflora) Terrestrial

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### 171

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Kanaloa kahoolawensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Kanaloa kahoolawensis) Terrestrial

Kauila (Colubrina oppositifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Colubrina oppositifolia) Terrestrial

Kaulu (Pteralyxia kauaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Pteralyxia kauaiensis) Terrestrial

Kio'Ele (Hedyotis coriacea) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis coriacea) Terrestrial

Kiponapona (Phyllostegia racemosa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia racemosa) Terrestrial

Koki'o (Kokia drynarioides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Kokia drynarioides) Terrestrial

Koki'o (Kokia kauaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Kokia kauaiensis) Terrestrial

Koki'o Ke'oke'o (Hibiscus arnottianus ssp. immaculatus) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscus arnottianus ssp. immaculatus) Terrestrial

Koki'o Ke'oke'o (Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae) Terrestrial

Kolea (Myrsine juddii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Myrsine juddii) Terrestrial

Kolea (Myrsine linearifolia) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Myrsine linearifolia) Terrestrial

Ko'oko'olau (Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha) Terrestrial

Ko'oko'olau (Bidens wiebkei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Bidens wiebkei) Terrestrial

Ko'oloa'ula (Abutilon menziesii) Endangered Dicot No

(Abutilon menziesii) Terrestrial

Kopa (Hedyotis schlechtendahliana var. remyi) Endangered Dicot No

(Hedyotis schlechtendahliana var. remyi) Terrestrial

Kuawawaenohu (Alsinidendron lychnoides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alsinidendron lychnoides) Terrestrial

Kulu'I (Nototrichium humile) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nototrichium humile) Terrestrial

Laukahi Kuahiwi (Plantago hawaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Plantago hawaiensis) Terrestrial

Laukahi Kuahiwi (Plantago princeps) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Plantago princeps) Terrestrial

Laulihilihi (Schiedea stellarioides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea stellarioides) Terrestrial

Lipochaeta venosa (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Lipochaeta venosa) Terrestrial

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### 172

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Lobelia monostachya (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lobelia monostachya) Terrestrial

Lobelia niihauensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lobelia niihauensis) Terrestrial

Lobelia oahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lobelia oahuensis) Terrestrial

Lysimachia filifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lysimachia filifolia) Terrestrial

Lysimachia lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lysimachia lydgatei) Terrestrial

Lysimachia maxima (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lysimachia maxima) Terrestrial

Mahoe (Alectryon macrococcus) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alectryon macrococcus) Terrestrial

Makou (Peucedanum sandwicense) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Peucedanum sandwicense) Terrestrial

Ma'o Hau Hele (Hibiscus brackenridgei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscus brackenridgei) Terrestrial

Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea apokremnos) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea apokremnos) Terrestrial

Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea kealiae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea kealiae) Terrestrial

Mapele (Cyrtandra cyaneoides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra cyaneoides) Terrestrial

Mehamehame (Flueggea neowawraea) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Flueggea neowawraea) Terrestrial

Munroidendron racemosum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Munroidendron racemosum) Terrestrial

Na'ena'e (Dubautia herbstobatae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial

Na'ena'e (Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis) Terrestrial

Nani Wai'ale'ale (Viola kauaensis var. wahiawaensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Viola kauaiensis var. wahiawaensis) Terrestrial

Nanu (Gardenia mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gardenia mannii) Terrestrial

Na'u (Gardenia brighamii) Endangered Dicot No

(Gardenia brighamii) Terrestrial

Naupaka, Dwarf (Scaevola coriacea) Endangered Dicot No

(Scaevola coriacea) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta fauriei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta fauriei) Terrestrial

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### 173

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Nehe (Lipochaeta kamolensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta kamolensis) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta micrantha) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta micrantha) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta tenuifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta tenuifolia) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta waimeaensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta waimeaensis) Terrestrial

Neraudia angulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Neraudia angulata) Terrestrial

Neraudia ovata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Neraudia ovata) Terrestrial

Neraudia sericea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Neraudia sericea) Terrestrial

Nioi (Eugenia koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Eugenia koolauensis) Terrestrial

Nohoanu (Geranium multiflorum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Geranium multiflorum) Terrestrial

'Oha (Delissea rivularis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Delissea rivularis) Terrestrial

'Oha (Delissea subcordata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Delissea subcordata) Terrestrial

'Oha (Delissea undulata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Delissea undulata) Terrestrial

'Oha (Lobelia gaudichaudii koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lobelia gaudichaudii ssp. koolauensis) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia drepanomorpha) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia drepanomorpha) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia lindseyana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia lindseyana) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. brevipes) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. brevipes) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia peleana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia peleana) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia pyrularia) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia pyrularia) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia samuelii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia samuelii) Terrestrial

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### 174

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

'Ohai (Sesbania tomentosa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sesbania tomentosa) Terrestrial

'Ohe'ohe (Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa) Terrestrial

'Olulu (Brighamia insignis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Brighamia insignis) Terrestrial

Opuhe (Urera kaalae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Urera kaalae) Terrestrial

Pamakani (Viola chamiss oniana ssp. chamissoniana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Viola chamissoniana ssp. chamissoniana) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia hirsuta (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia hirsuta) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia kaalaensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia kaalaensis) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia knudsenii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia knudsenii) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia mannii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia mannii) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia mollis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia mollis) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia parviflora (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia parviflora) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia velutina (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia velutina) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia waimeae (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia waimeae) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia warshaueri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia warshaueri) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia wawrana (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia wawrana) Terrestrial

Pilo (Hedyotis mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis mannii) Terrestrial

Po'e (Portulaca sclerocarpa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Portulaca sclerocarpa) Terrestrial

Popolo 'Aiakeakua (S olanum sandwicense) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Solanum sandwicense) Terrestrial

Popolo Ku Mai (Solanum incompletum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Solanum incompletum) Terrestrial

Pua'ala (Brighamia rockii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Brighamia rockii) Terrestrial

Remya kauaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Remya kauaiensis) Terrestrial

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### 175

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Remya montgomeryi (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Remya montgomeryi) Terrestrial

Remya, Maui Endangered Dicot Yes

(Remya mauiensis) Terrestrial

Sandalwood, Lanai (='Iliahi) Endangered Dicot No

(Santalum freycinetianum var. lanaiense) Terrestrial

Sanicula mariversa (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sanicula mariversa) Terrestrial

Sanicula purpurea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sanicula purpurea) Terrestrial

Schiedea haleakalensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea haleakalensis) Terrestrial

Schiedea helleri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea helleri) Terrestrial

Schiedea hookeri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea hookeri) Terrestrial

Schiedea kaalae (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea kaalae) Terrestrial

Schiedea kauaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea kauaiensis) Terrestrial

Schiedea lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea lydgatei) Terrestrial

Schiedea membranacea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea membranacea) Terrestrial

Schiedea nuttallii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea nuttallii) Terrestrial

Schiedea sarmentosa (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea sarmentosa) Terrestrial

Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda) Terrestrial

Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina (ncn) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina) Terrestrial

Schiedea verticillata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea verticillata) Terrestrial

Schiedea, Diamond Head (Schiedea adamantis) Endangered Dicot No

(Schiedea adamantis) Terrestrial

Silene alexandri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Silene alexandri) Terrestrial

Silene hawaiiensis (ncn) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Silene hawaiiensis) Terrestrial

Silene lanceolata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Silene lanceolata) Terrestrial

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### 176

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Silene perlmanii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Silene perlmanii) Terrestrial

Silversword, Haleakala ('Ahinahina) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Argyroxiphium sandwic ense ssp. macrocephalum) Terrestrial

Silversword, Ka'u (Argyroxiphium kauense) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Argyroxiphium kauense) Terrestrial

Silversword, Mauna Kea ('Ahinahina) Endangered Dicot No

(Argyroxiphium sandw icense ssp. sandwicense) Terrestrial

Spermolepis hawaiiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Spermolepis hawaiiensis) Terrestrial

Stenogyne angustifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Stenogyne angustifolia var. angustifolia) Terrestrial

Stenogyne bifida (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Stenogyne bifida) Terrestrial

Stenogyne campanulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Stenogyne campanulata) Terrestrial

Stenogyne kanehoana (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Stenogyne kanehoana) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium arenarium (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Tetramolopium arenarium) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium capillare (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium capillare) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium filiforme (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium filiforme) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. lepidotum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. lepidotum) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium remyi (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium remyi) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium rockii (ncn) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium rockii) Coastal (neritic), Terrestrial

Trematolobelia singularis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Trematolobelia singularis) Terrestrial

Uhiuhi (Caesalpi nia kavaiensis) Endangered Dicot No

(Caesalpinia kavaiense) Terrestrial

Ulihi (Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis) Endangered Dicot No

(Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis) Terrestrial

Vetch, Hawaiian (Vicia menziesii) Endangered Dicot No

(Vicia menziesii) Terrestrial

Vigna o-wahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Vigna o-wahuensis) Terrestrial

Viola helenae (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Viola helenae) Terrestrial

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### 177

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Viola lanaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Viola lanaiensis) Terrestrial

Viola oahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Viola oahuensis) Terrestrial

Wahine Noho Kula (Isodendrion pyrifolium) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Isodendrion pyrifolium) Terrestrial

Xylosma crenatum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Xylosma crenatum) Terrestrial

Asplenium fragile var. insulare (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Asplenium fragile var. insulare) Terrestrial

Diellia erecta (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diellia erecta) Terrestrial

Diellia falcata (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diellia falcata) Terrestrial

Diellia pallida (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diellia pallida) Terrestrial

Diellia unisora (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diellia unisora) Terrestrial

Diplazium molokaiense (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diplazium molokaiense) Terrestrial

Fern, Pendant Kihi (Adenophorus periens) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Adenophorus periens) Terrestrial

'Ihi'Ihi (Marsilea villosa) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Marsilea villosa) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Pauoa (Ctenitis squamigera) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Ctenitis squamigera) Terrestrial

Pteris lidgatei (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Pteris lidgatei) Terrestrial

Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (=Huperzia) mannii) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Huperzia mannii) Terrestrial

Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (=Lycopodium) nutans) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Lycopodium (=Phlegmariurus) nutans) Terrestrial

Snail, Newcomb's Threatened Gastropod Yes

(Erinna newcombi) Freshwater

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella abbreviata) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella abbreviata) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella apexfulva) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella apexfulva) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella bellula) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella bellula) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella buddii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella buddii) Terrestrial

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### 178

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella bulimoides) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella bulimoides) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella byronii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella byronii) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella caesia) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella caesia) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella casta) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella casta) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella cestus) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella cestus) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achat inella concavospira) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella concavospira) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella curta) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella curta) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella decipiens) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella decipiens) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella decora) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella decora) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella dimorpha) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella dimorpha) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella elegans) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella elegans) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella fulgens) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella fulgens) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella fuscobasis) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella fuscobasis) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella juddii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella juddii) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella juncea) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella juncea) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lehuiensis) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella lehuiensis) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella leucorraphe) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella leucorraphe) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lila) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella lila) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella livida) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella livida) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lorata) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella lorata) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella mustelina) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella mustelina) Terrestrial

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### 179

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella papyracea) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella papyracea) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella phaeozona) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella phaeozona) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella pulcherrima) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella pulcherrima) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella pupukanioe) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella pupukanioe) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella rosea) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella rosea) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella sowerbyana) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella sowerbyana) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella spaldingi) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella spaldingi) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella stewartii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella stewartii) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella swiftii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella swiftii) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella taeniolata) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella taeniolata) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella thaanumi) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella thaanumi) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella turgida) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella turgida) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella valida) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella valida) Terrestrial

Moth, Blackburn's Sphinx Endangered Insect Yes

(Manduca blackburni) Terrestrial

Bat, Hawaiian Hoary Endangered Mammal No

(Lasiurus cinereus semotus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Seal, Hawaiian Monk Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Monachus schauinslandi) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater

Bluegrass, Hawaiian Endangered Monocot Yes

(Poa sandvicensis) Terrestrial

Bluegrass, Mann's (Poa mannii) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Poa mannii) Terrestrial

Gahnia Lanaiensis (ncn) Endangered Monocot No

(Gahnia lanaiensis) Terrestrial

Grass, Fosberg's Love Endangered Monocot Yes

(Eragrostis fosbergii) Terrestrial

Hala Pepe (Pleomele hawaiiensis) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Pleomele hawaiiensis) Terrestrial

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### 180

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Hilo Ischaemum (Ischaemum byrone) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Ischaemum byrone) Terrestrial

Kamanomano (Cenchrus agrimonioides) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Cenchrus agrimonioides) Terrestrial

Lau'ehu (Panicum niihauense) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Panicum niihauense) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia affinis) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia affinis) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia kaalae) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia kaalae) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia munroi) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Pritchardia munroi) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia napaliensis) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia napaliensis) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Pritchardia remota) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia schattaueri) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia schattaueri) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia viscosa) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia viscosa) Terrestrial

Mariscus fauriei (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Mariscus fauriei) Terrestrial

Mariscus pennatiformis (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Mariscus pennatiformis) Terrestrial

Panicgrass, Carter's (Panicum fauriei var.carteri) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Panicum fauriei var. carteri) Terrestrial

Platanthera holochila (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Platanthera holochila) Terrestrial

Poa siphonoglossa (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Poa siphonoglossa) Terrestrial

Pu'uka'a (Cyperus trachysanthos) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Cyperus trachysanthos) Terrestrial

Wahane (Pritchardia aylmer-robinsonii) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia aylmer-robinsonii) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes

(Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater



### Idaho ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

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### 181

### Idaho ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Snail, Bliss Rapids Threatened Gastropod No

(Taylorconcha serpenticola) Freshwater

Snail, Snake River Physa Endangered Gastropod No

(Physa natricina) Terrestrial

Snail, Utah Valvata Endangered Gastropod No

(Valvata utahensis) Terrestrial

Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial



### Illinois ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater

Amphipod, Illinois Cave Endangered Crustacean No

(Gammarus acherondytes) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Aster, Decurrent False Threatened Dicot No

(Boltonia decurrens) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No

(Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial

Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No

(Lespedeza leptostachya) Terrestrial

Daisy, Lakeside Threatened Dicot No

(Hymenoxys herbacea) Freshwater

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No

(Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

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### 182

### Illinois ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect No

(Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial



### Indiana ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema clava) Freshwater

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No

(Obovaria retusa) Freshwater

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Orange-footed Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Tubercled-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, White Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No

(Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Reptile No

(Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial

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### 183

### Iowa ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater

Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No

(Lespedeza leptostachya) Terrestrial

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Fern, American hart's-tongue Threatened Ferns No

(Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestrial

Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes

(Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Kansas ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Shiner, Arkansas River Threatened Fish Yes

(Notropis girardi) Freshwater

Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes

(Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Kentucky ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

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### 184

### Kentucky ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Warbler (=Wood), Kirtland's Endangered Bird No

(Dendroica kirtlandii) Terrestrial

Warbler, Bachman's Endangered Bird No

(Vermivora bachmanii) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema clava) Freshwater

Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Alasmidonta atropurpurea) Freshwater

Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No

(Obovaria retusa) Freshwater

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula fragosa) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No

(Hemistena lata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cumberland Bean Endangered Bivalve No

(Villosa trabalis) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Little-wing Endangered Bivalve No

(Pegias fabula) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Orange-footed Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma obliquata obliquata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Tubercled-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater

Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater

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### 185

### Kentucky ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No

(Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial

Goldenrod, Short's Endangered Dicot No

(Solidago shortii) Terrestrial

Potato-bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No

(Apios priceana) Terrestrial

Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial

Dace, Blackside Threatened Fish No

(Phoxinus cumberlandensis) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial



### Louisiana ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Threatened Bivalve No

(Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater

Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial

Manatee, West Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

Tortoise, Gopher Threatened Reptile No

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial

Turtle, Ringed Sawback Threatened Reptile No

(Graptemys oculifera) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Maine ( 5) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

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### 186

### Maine ( 5) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No

(Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial

Salmon, Atlantic Endangered Fish No

(Salmo salar) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial



### Maryland ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No

(Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

Darter, Maryland Endangered Fish Yes

(Etheostoma sellare) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Squirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox Endangered Mammal No

(Sciurus niger cinereus) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Massachusetts ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No

(Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No

(Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial

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### 187

### Massachusetts ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Turtle, Plymouth Red-bellied Endangered Reptile Yes

(Pseudemys rubriventris bangsi) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Michigan ( 11) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater

Goldenrod, Houghton's Threatened Dicot No

(Solidago houghtonii) Terrestrial

Monkey-flower, Michigan Endangered Dicot No

(Mimulus glabratus var. michiganensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No

(Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No

(Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Iris, Dwarf Lake Threatened Monocot No

(Iris lacustris) Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial

Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Reptile No

(Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Minnesota ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula fragosa) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater

Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No

(Lespedeza leptostachya) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Lynx, Canada Threatened Mammal No

(Lynx canadensis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Threatened Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial

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### 188

### Minnesota ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Lily, Minnesota Trout Endangered Monocot No

(Erythronium propullans) Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Mississippi ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Combshell, Southern (=Penitent mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma penita) Freshwater

Mucket, Orangenacre Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis perovalis) Freshwater

Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater

Mussel, Black (=Curtus' Mussel) Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema curtum) Freshwater

Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge Tait's Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema taitianum) Freshwater

Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Threatened Bivalve No

(Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater

Potato-bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No

(Apios priceana) Terrestrial

Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Darter, Bayou Threatened Fish No

(Etheostoma rubrum) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

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### 189

### Mississippi ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Gopher Threatened Reptile No

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial

Turtle, Ringed Sawback Threatened Reptile No

(Graptemys oculifera) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Turtle, Yellow-blotched Map Threatened Reptile No

(Graptemys flavimaculata) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Missouri ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Scaleshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Leptodea leptodon) Freshwater

Aster, Decurrent False Threatened Dicot No

(Boltonia decurrens) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Bladderpod, Missouri Threatened Dicot No

(Lesquerella filiformis) Terrestrial

Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No

(Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial

Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) Threatened Dicot No

(Geocarpon minimum) Terrestrial

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Cavefish, Ozark Threatened Fish No

(Amblyopsis rosae) Freshwater

Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila cypha) Freshwater

Darter, Niangua Threatened Fish Yes

(Etheostoma nianguae) Freshwater

Madtom, Neosho Threatened Fish No

(Noturus placidus) Freshwater

Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes

(Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

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### 190

### Missouri ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial



### Montana ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Catchfly, Spalding's Threatened Dicot No

(Silene spaldingii) Terrestrial

Howellia, Water Threatened Dicot No

(Howellia aquatilis) Freshwater

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial



### Nebraska ( 7) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Beetle, Salt Creek Tiger Endangered Insect No

(Cicindela nevadica lincolniana) Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Nevada ( 35) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

Rail, Yuma Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial

Blazing Star, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Mentzelia leucophylla) Terrestrial

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### 191

### Nevada ( 35) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Buckwheat, Steamboat Endangered Dicot No

(Eriogonum ovalifolium var. williamsiae) Terrestrial

Centaury, Spring-loving Threatened Dicot Yes

(Centaurium namophilum) Terrestrial

Gumplant, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Grindelia fraxino-pratensis) Terrestrial

Ivesia, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Ivesia kingii var. eremica) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Astragalus phoenix) Terrestrial

Niterwort, Amargosa Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nitrophila mohavensis) Terrestrial

Sunray, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Enceliopsis nudicaulis var. corrugata) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Pahranagat Roundtail Endangered Fish No

(Gila robusta jordani) Freshwater

Chub, Virgin River Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila seminuda (=robusta)) Freshwater

Cui-ui Endangered Fish No

(Chasmistes cujus) Freshwater

Dace, Ash Meadows Speckled Endangered Fish Yes

(Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) Freshwater

Dace, Desert Threatened Fish Yes

(Eremichthys acros) Freshwater

Dace, Moapa Endangered Fish No

(Moapa coriacea) Freshwater

Poolfish, Pahrump (= Pahrump Killifish) Endangered Fish No

(Empetrichthys latos) Freshwater

Pupfish, Ash Meadows Amargosa Endangered Fish Yes

(Cyprinodon nevadensis mionectes) Freshwater

Pupfish, Devils Hole Endangered Fish No

(Cyprinodon diabolis) Freshwater

Pupfish, Warm Springs Endangered Fish No

(Cyprinodon nevadensis pectoralis) Freshwater

Spinedace, Big Spring Threatened Fish Yes

(Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis) Freshwater

Spinedace, White River Endangered Fish Yes

(Lepidomeda albivallis) Freshwater

Springfish, Hiko White River Endangered Fish Yes

(Crenichthys baileyi grandis) Freshwater

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### 192

### Nevada ( 35) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Springfish, Railroad Valley Threatened Fish Yes

(Crenichthys nevadae) Freshwater

Springfish, White River Endangered Fish Yes

(Crenichthys baileyi baileyi) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Sucker, Warner Threatened Fish Yes

(Catostomus warnerensis) Freshwater

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater

Woundfin Endangered Fish Yes

(Plagopterus argentissimus) Freshwater

Naucorid, Ash Meadows Threatened Insect Yes

(Ambrysus amargosus) Terrestrial

Skipper, Carson Wandering Endangered Insect No

(Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus) Terrestrial

Ladies'-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No

(Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial



### New Hampshire ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial



### New Jersey ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Curlew, Eskimo Endangered Bird No

(Numenius borealis) Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No

(Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial

Joint-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No

(Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

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### 193

### New Jersey ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Beaked-rush, Knieskern's Threatened Monocot No

(Rhynchospora knieskernii) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### New Mexico ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Endangered Bird No

(Falco femoralis septentrionalis) Terrestrial

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Cactus, Knowlton Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus knowltonii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Mesa Verde Threatened Dicot No

(Sclerocactus mesae-verdae) Terrestrial

Cactus, Sneed Pincushion Endangered Dicot No

(Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Mancos Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus humillimus) Terrestrial

Minnow, Rio Grande Silvery Endangered Fish Yes

(Hybognathus amarus) Freshwater

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial



### New York ( 11) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No

(Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No

(Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic)

Gerardia, Sandplain Endangered Dicot No

(Agalinis acuta) Terrestrial

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### 194

### New York ( 11) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Fern, American hart's-tongue Threatened Ferns No

(Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Snail, Chittenango Ovate Amber Threatened Gastropod No

(Succinea chittenangoensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### North Carolina ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No

(Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Elktoe, Appalachian Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Alasmidonta raveneliana) Freshwater

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Mussel, Heelsplitter Carolina Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Lasmigona decorata) Freshwater

Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater

Spinymussel, James River Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema collina) Freshwater

Spinymussel, Tar River Endangered Bivalve No

(Elliptio steinstansana) Freshwater

Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No

(Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic)

Avens, Spreading Endangered Dicot No

(Geum radiatum) Terrestrial

Bittercress, Small-anthered Endangered Dicot No

(Cardamine micranthera) Terrestrial

Blazing Star, Heller's Threatened Dicot No

(Liatris helleri) Terrestrial

Bluet, Roan Mountain Endangered Dicot No

(Hedyotis purpurea var. montana) Terrestrial

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### 195

### North Carolina ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No

(Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial

Coneflower, Smooth Endangered Dicot No

(Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial

Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No

(Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Heartleaf, Dwarf-flowered Threatened Dicot No

(Hexastylis naniflora) Terrestrial

Heather, Mountain Golden Threatened Dicot Yes

(Hudsonia montana) Terrestrial

Joint-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No

(Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish

Loosestrife, Rough-leaved Endangered Dicot No

(Lysimachia asperulaefolia) Terrestrial

Meadowrue, Cooley's Endangered Dicot No

(Thalictrum cooleyi) Terrestrial

Pitcher-plant, Mountain Sweet Endangered Dicot No

(Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Pondberry Endangered Dicot No

(Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial

Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial

Sumac, Michaux's Endangered Dicot No

(Rhus michauxii) Terrestrial

Sunflower, Schweinitz's Endangered Dicot No

(Helianthus schweinitzii) Terrestrial

Shiner, Cape Fear Endangered Fish Yes

(Notropis mekistocholas) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Butterfly, Saint Francis' Satyr Endangered Insect No

(Neonympha mitchellii francisci) Terrestrial

Lichen, Rock Gnome Endangered Lichen No

(Gymnoderma lineare) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying Endangered Mammal No

(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) Terrestrial

Manatee, West Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

Arrowhead, Bunched Endangered Monocot No

(Sagittaria fasciculata) Freshwater

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### 196

### North Carolina ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Irisette, White Endangered Monocot No

(Sisyrinchium dichotomum) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial

Sedge, Golden Endangered Monocot No

(Carex lutea) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes

(Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes

(Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater



### North Dakota ( 2) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial



### Ohio ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema clava) Freshwater

Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater

Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No

(Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial

Monkshood, Northern Wild Threatened Dicot No

(Aconitum noveboracense) Terrestrial

Madtom, Scioto Endangered Fish No

(Noturus trautmani) Freshwater

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No

(Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial

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### 197

### Ohio ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Reptile No

(Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Oklahoma ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Vireo, Black-capped Endangered Bird No

(Vireo atricapilla) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Shiner, Arkansas River Threatened Fish Yes

(Notropis girardi) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Oregon ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Owl, Northern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial

Checker-mallow, Nelson's Threatened Dicot No

(Sidalcea nelsoniana) Terrestrial

Daisy, Willamette Endangered Dicot No

(Erigeron decumbens var. decumbens) Terrestrial

Lomatium, Bradshaw's Endangered Dicot No

(Lomatium bradshawii) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Chub, Oregon Endangered Fish No

(Oregonichthys crameri) Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (Snake River Fall Run) Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Salmon, Chinook (Snake River spring/summer) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (Upper Columbia River Spring) Endangered Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Salmon, Chinook (Upper Willamette River) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater

Salmon, Sockeye (Snake River population) Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

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### 198

### Oregon ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Steelhead, (Lower Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Middle Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Steelhead, (Snake River Basin population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Upper Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Steelhead, (Upper Willamette River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater



### Pennsylvania ( 2) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Rhode Island ( 4) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Gerardia, Sandplain Endangered Dicot No

(Agalinis acuta) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial



### South Carolina ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No

(Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Warbler, Bachman's Endangered Bird No

(Vermivora bachmanii) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

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### 199

### South Carolina ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No

(Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic)

Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No

(Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial

Coneflower, Smooth Endangered Dicot No

(Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial

Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No

(Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

Heartleaf, Dwarf-flowered Threatened Dicot No

(Hexastylis naniflora) Terrestrial

Loosestrife, Rough-leaved Endangered Dicot No

(Lysimachia asperulaefolia) Terrestrial

Pondberry Endangered Dicot No

(Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial

Sunflower, Schweinitz's Endangered Dicot No

(Helianthus schweinitzii) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Manatee, West Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

Whale, Finback Endangered Marine mml No

(Balaenoptera physalus) Saltwater

Whale, Humpback Endangered Marine mml No

(Megaptera novaeangliae) Saltwater

Trillium, Relict Endangered Monocot No

(Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes

(Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial



### South Dakota ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

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### 200

### South Dakota ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial



### Tennessee ( 62) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater

Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater

Kidneyshell, Triangular Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater

Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema clava) Freshwater

Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater

Mussel, Cumberland Combshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma brevidens) Freshwater

Mussel, Cumberland Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema gibberum) Freshwater

Mussel, Fine-lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater

Mussel, Fine-rayed Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Fusconaia cuneolus) Freshwater

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater

Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No

(Obovaria retusa) Freshwater

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Fusconaia cor) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater

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### 201

### Tennessee ( 62) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Pearlymussel, Birdwing Endangered Bivalve No

(Conradilla caelata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No

(Hemistena lata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cumberland Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula intermedia) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Dromedary Endangered Bivalve No

(Dromus dromas) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Green-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Little-wing Endangered Bivalve No

(Pegias fabula) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Orange-footed Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Endangered Bivalve No

(Toxolasma cylindrellus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Tubercled-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Turgid-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma turgidula) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Yellow-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma florentina florentina) Freshwater

Riffleshell, Tan Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. walkeri)) Freshwater

Crayfish, Nashville Endangered Crustacean No

(Orconectes shoupi) Freshwater

Avens, Spreading Endangered Dicot No

(Geum radiatum) Terrestrial

Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No

(Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial

Coneflower, Tennessee Purple Endangered Dicot No

(Echinacea tennesseensis) Terrestrial

Ground-plum, Guthrie's Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus bibullatus) Terrestrial

Potato-bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No

(Apios priceana) Terrestrial

Rock-cress, Large (=Braun's) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. ampla Rollins) Terrestrial

Rock-cress, Small Endangered Dicot Yes

(Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. perstellata Fernald) Terrestrial

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### 202

### Tennessee ( 62) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Rosemary, Cumberland Threatened Dicot No

(Conradina verticillata) Terrestrial

Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial

Chub, Slender Threatened Fish Yes

(Erimystax cahni) Freshwater

Chub, Spotfin Threatened Fish Yes

(Erimonax monachus) Freshwater

Dace, Blackside Threatened Fish No

(Phoxinus cumberlandensis) Freshwater

Darter, Amber Endangered Fish Yes

(Percina antesella) Freshwater

Darter, Bluemask (=jewel) Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma /) Freshwater

Darter, Boulder Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma wapiti) Freshwater

Darter, Duskytail Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma percnurum) Freshwater

Darter, Slackwater Threatened Fish Yes

(Etheostoma boschungi) Freshwater

Darter, Snail Threatened Fish No

(Percina tanasi) Freshwater

Logperch, Conasauga Endangered Fish Yes

(Percina jenkinsi) Freshwater

Madtom, Smoky Endangered Fish Yes

(Noturus baileyi) Freshwater

Madtom, Yellowfin Threatened Fish Yes

(Noturus flavipinnis) Freshwater

Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No

(Cyprinella caerulea) Freshwater

Shiner, Palezone Endangered Fish No

(Notropis albizonatus) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying Endangered Mammal No

(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) Terrestrial

Grass, Tennessee Yellow-eyed Endangered Monocot No

(Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestrial



### Texas ( 43) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

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### 203

### Texas ( 43) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, San Marcos Threatened Amphibian Yes

(Eurycea nana) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Salamander, Texas Blind Endangered Amphibian No

(Typhlomolge rathbuni) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Toad, Houston Endangered Amphibian Yes

(Bufo houstonensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Harvestman, Robber Baron Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Texella cokendolpheri) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Meshweaver, Braken Bat Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Cicurina venii) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Spider, Government Canyon Cave Endangered Arachnid No

(Neoleptoneta microps) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Spider, Madla's Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Cicurina madla) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Spider, Robber Baron Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Cicurina baronia) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Spider, Vesper Cave Endangered Arachnid No

(Cicurina vespera) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Endangered Bird No

(Falco femoralis septentrionalis) Terrestrial

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Prairie-chicken, Attwater's Greater Endangered Bird No

(Tympanuchus cupido attwateri) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Vireo, Black-capped Endangered Bird No

(Vireo atricapilla) Terrestrial

Warbler (=Wood), Golden-cheeked Endangered Bird No

(Dendroica chrysoparia) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Amphipod, Peck's Cave Endangered Crustacean No

(Stygobromus (=Stygonectes) pecki) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Ambrosia, South Texas Endangered Dicot No

(Ambrosia cheiranthifolia) Terrestrial

Ayenia, Texas Endangered Dicot No

(Ayenia limitaris) Terrestrial

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### 204

### Texas ( 43) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Cactus, Star Endangered Dicot No

(Astrophytum asterias) Terrestrial

Cactus, Tobusch Fishhook Endangered Dicot No

(Ancistrocactus tobuschii) Terrestrial

Dawn-flower, Texas Prairie (=Texas Bitterweed) Endangered Dicot No

(Hymenoxys texana) Terrestrial

Manioc, Walker's Endangered Dicot No

(Manihot walkerae) Terrestrial

Darter, Fountain Endangered Fish Yes

(Etheostoma fonticola) Freshwater

Gambusia, San Marcos Endangered Fish Yes

(Gambusia georgei) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Beetle, Comal Springs Dryopid Endangered Insect No

(Stygoparnus comalensis) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Beetle, Comal Springs Riffle Endangered Insect No

(Heterelmis comalensis) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Beetle, Helotes Mold Endangered Insect Yes

(Batrisodes venyivi) Subterraneous

Rhadine exilis (ncn) Endangered Insect Yes

(Rhadine exilis) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Rhadine infernalis (ncn) Endangered Insect Yes

(Rhadine infernalis) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial

Jaguarundi, Gulf Coast Endangered Mammal No

(Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi cacomitli) Terrestrial

Jaguarundi, Sinaloan Endangered Mammal No

(Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi tolteca) Terrestrial

Ocelot Endangered Mammal No

(Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis) Terrestrial

Wild-rice, Texas Endangered Monocot Yes

(Zizania texana) Freshwater

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes

(Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes

(Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater

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### 205

### Texas ( 43) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater



### Utah ( 33) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial

Bear-poppy, Dwarf Endangered Dicot No

(Arctomecon humilis) Terrestrial

Cactus, San Rafael Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus despainii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Siler Pincushion Threatened Dicot No

(Pediocactus (=Echinocac tus,=Utahia) sileri) Terrestrial

Cactus, Uinta Basin Hookless Threatened Dicot No

(Sclerocactus glaucus) Terrestrial

Cactus, Winkler Threatened Dicot No

(Pediocactus winkleri) Terrestrial

Cactus, Wright Fishhook Endangered Dicot No

(Sclerocactus wrightiae) Terrestrial

Cycladenia, Jones Threatened Dicot No

(Cycladenia jonesii (=humilis)) Terrestrial

Daisy, Maguire Threatened Dicot No

(Erigeron maguirei) Freshwater

Milk-vetch, Deseret Threatened Dicot No

(Astragalus desereticus) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Heliotrope Threatened Dicot Yes

(Astragalus montii) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Holmgren Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus holmgreniorum) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Shivwits Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus ampullarioides) Terrestrial

Phacelia, Clay Endangered Dicot No

(Phacelia argillacea) Terrestrial

Primrose, Maguire Threatened Dicot No

(Primula maguirei) Terrestrial

Reed-mustard, Barneby Endangered Dicot No

(Schoenocrambe barnebyi) Terrestrial

Reed-mustard, Clay Threatened Dicot No

(Schoenocrambe argillacea) Terrestrial

Reed-mustard, Shrubby Endangered Dicot No

(Schoenocrambe suffrutescens) Terrestrial

Ridge-cress (=Pepper-cress), Barneby Endangered Dicot No

(Lepidium barnebyanum) Terrestrial

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### 206

### Utah ( 33) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Townsendia, Last Chance Threatened Dicot No

(Townsendia aprica) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila cypha) Freshwater

Chub, Virgin River Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila seminuda (=robusta)) Freshwater

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Sucker, June Endangered Fish Yes

(Chasmistes liorus) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater

Woundfin Endangered Fish Yes

(Plagopterus argentissimus) Freshwater

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Prairie Dog, Utah Threatened Mammal No

(Cynomys parvidens) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Ladies'-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No

(Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial



### Virginia ( 19) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, Shenandoah Endangered Amphibian No

(Plethodon shenandoah) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Isopod, Madison Cave Threatened Crustacean No

(Antrolana lira) Freshwater

Coneflower, Smooth Endangered Dicot No

(Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

Joint-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No

(Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish

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### 207

### Virginia ( 19) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Rock-cress, Shale Barren Endangered Dicot No

(Arabis serotina) Terrestrial

Sneezeweed, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Helenium virginicum) Vernal pool

Sumac, Michaux's Endangered Dicot No

(Rhus michauxii) Terrestrial

Logperch, Roanoke Endangered Fish No

(Percina rex) Freshwater

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No

(Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Virginia Big-eared Endangered Mammal Yes

(Corynorhinus (=Plecotus ) townsendii virginianus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No

(Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial



### Washington ( 30) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Murrelet, Marbled Threatened Bird Yes

(Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus) Freshwater, Terrestrial, Saltwater

Owl, Northern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Catchfly, Spalding's Threatened Dicot No

(Silene spaldingii) Terrestrial

Checker-mallow, Nelson's Threatened Dicot No

(Sidalcea nelsoniana) Terrestrial

Howellia, Water Threatened Dicot No

(Howellia aquatilis) Freshwater

Paintbrush, Golden Threatened Dicot No

(Castilleja levisecta) Terrestrial

Salmon, Chinook (Lower Columbia River) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Salmon, Chinook (Puget Sound) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Salmon, Chinook (Snake River Fall Run) Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

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### 208

### Washington ( 30) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salmon, Chinook (Snake River spring/summer) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (Upper Columbia River Spring) Endangered Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Salmon, Chinook (Upper Willamette River) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater

Salmon, Chum (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Salmon, Chum (Hood Canal Summer population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Salmon, Sockeye (Ozette Lake population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Saltwater, Freshwater, Brackish

Salmon, Sockeye (Snake River population) Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Steelhead, (Lower Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Middle Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Steelhead, (Snake River Basin population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Upper Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Steelhead, (Upper Willamette River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Steelhead, Puget Sound Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial

Deer, Columbian White-tailed Endangered Mammal No

(Odocoileus virgin ianus leucurus) Terrestrial

Rabbit, Pygmy Endangered Mammal No

(Brachylagus idahoensis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial



### West Virginia ( 2) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

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### 209

### West Virginia ( 2) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No

(Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Wisconsin ( 13) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater

Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No

(Lespedeza leptostachya) Terrestrial

Locoweed, Fassett's Threatened Dicot No

(Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea) Terrestrial

Monkshood, Northern Wild Threatened Dicot No

(Aconitum noveboracense) Terrestrial

Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No

(Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect No

(Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Lynx, Canada Threatened Mammal No

(Lynx canadensis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial

Iris, Dwarf Lake Threatened Monocot No

(Iris lacustris) Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial



### Wyoming ( 6) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Butterfly Plant, Colorado Threatened Dicot Yes

(Gaura neomexicana var. coloradensis) Terrestrial

Dace, Moapa Endangered Fish No

(Moapa coriacea) Freshwater

Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Mouse, Preble's Meadow Jumping Threatened Mammal Yes

(Zapus hudsonius preblei) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial

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### 210

### No species were selected for exclusion.

Dispersed species included in report.

2118/20/2007 10:01:10 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 71 of 71



# Species Listing by State with Use Criteria

No species were excluded

Minimum of 10 Acres.



### All Medium Types Reported

Mammal, Marine mml, Bird, Amphibian, Re ptile, Fish, Crustacean, Bivalve,

Gastropod, Arachnid, Insect, Dicot, Monocot , Ferns, Conf/cycds, Coral, Lichen

sod harvested

Alabama ( 77) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No

(Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Salamander, Red Hills Threatened Amphibian No

(Phaeognathus hubrichti) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater

Kidneyshell, Triangular Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater

Mucket, Orangenacre Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis perovalis) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Acornshell Southern Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma othcaloogensis) Freshwater

Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater

Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater

Mussel, Cumberland Combshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma brevidens) Freshwater

Mussel, Dark Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema furvum) Freshwater

Mussel, Fine-lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater

Mussel, Fine-rayed Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Fusconaia cuneolus) Freshwater

Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge Tait's Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema taitianum) Freshwater

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### 212

### Alabama ( 77) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Threatened Bivalve No

(Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No

(Obovaria retusa) Freshwater

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Fusconaia cor) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny-rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Alabama Lamp Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis virescens) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No

(Hemistena lata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cumberland Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula intermedia) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Orange-footed Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Endangered Bivalve No

(Toxolasma cylindrellus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Turgid-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma turgidula) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater

Stirrupshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula stapes) Freshwater

Shrimp, Alabama Cave Endangered Crustacean No

(Palaemonias alabamae) Freshwater

Barbara Buttons, Mohr's Threatened Dicot No

(Marshallia mohrii) Terrestrial

Bladderpod, Lyrate Threatened Dicot No

(Lesquerella lyrata) Terrestrial

Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No

(Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

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### 213

### Alabama ( 77) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Leather-flower, Alabama Endangered Dicot No

(Clematis socialis) Terrestrial

Leather-flower, Morefield's Endangered Dicot No

(Clematis morefieldii) Terrestrial

Pitcher-plant, Alabama Canebrake Endangered Dicot No

(Sarracenia rubra alabamensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Pitcher-plant, Green Endangered Dicot No

(Sarracenia oreophila) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Potato-bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No

(Apios priceana) Terrestrial

Fern, American hart's-tongue Threatened Ferns No

(Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestrial

Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Cavefish, Alabama Endangered Fish Yes

(Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni) Freshwater

Chub, Spotfin Threatened Fish Yes

(Erimonax monachus) Freshwater

Darter, Boulder Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma wapiti) Freshwater

Darter, Goldline Threatened Fish No

(Percina aurolineata) Freshwater

Darter, Slackwater Threatened Fish Yes

(Etheostoma boschungi) Freshwater

Darter, Snail Threatened Fish No

(Percina tanasi) Freshwater

Madtom, Yellowfin Threatened Fish Yes

(Noturus flavipinnis) Freshwater

Sculpin, Pygmy Threatened Fish No

(Cottus paulus (=pygmaeus)) Freshwater

Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No

(Cyprinella caerulea) Freshwater

Shiner, Cahaba Endangered Fish No

(Notropis cahabae) Freshwater

Shiner, Palezone Endangered Fish No

(Notropis albizonatus) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Alabama Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus suttkusi) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Campeloma, Slender Endangered Gastropod No

(Campeloma decampi) Freshwater

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### 214

### Alabama ( 77) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Pebblesnail, Flat Endangered Gastropod No

(Lepyrium showalteri) Freshwater

Riversnail, Anthony's Endangered Gastropod No

(Athearnia anthonyi) Freshwater

Rocksnail, Painted Threatened Gastropod No

(Leptoxis taeniata) Freshwater

Rocksnail, Round Threatened Gastropod No

(Leptoxis ampla) Freshwater

Snail, Armored Endangered Gastropod No

(Pyrgulopsis (=Marstonia) pachyta) Freshwater

Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical Endangered Gastropod No

(Lioplax cyclostomaformis) Freshwater

Snail, Tulotoma Endangered Gastropod No

(Tulotoma magnifica) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Mouse, Alabama Beach Endangered Mammal Yes

(Peromyscus polionotus ammobates) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic)

Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Endangered Mammal Yes

(Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) Coastal (neritic)

Grass, Tennessee Yellow-eyed Endangered Monocot No

(Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestrial

Trillium, Relict Endangered Monocot No

(Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Gopher Threatened Reptile No

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial

Turtle, Alabama Red-bellied Endangered Reptile No

(Pseudemys alabamensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Turtle, Flattened Musk Threatened Reptile No

(Sternotherus depressus) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Arizona ( 38) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Frog, Chiricahua Leopard Threatened Amphibian No

(Rana chiricahuensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Condor, California Endangered Bird Yes

(Gymnogyps californianus) Terrestrial

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

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### 215

### Arizona ( 38) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial

Pygmy-owl, Cactus Ferruginous Endangered Bird No

(Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum) Terrestrial

Rail, Yuma Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial

Cactus, Arizona Hedgehog Endangered Dicot No

(Echinocereus triglochid iatus var. arizonicus) Terrestrial

Cactus, Brady Pincushion Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus bradyi) Terrestrial

Cactus, Nichol's Turk's Head Endangered Dicot No

(Echinocactus horizonthalonius var. nicholii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Peebles Navajo Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus peebles ianus peeblesianus) Terrestrial

Cactus, Siler Pincushion Threatened Dicot No

(Pediocactus (=Echinocac tus,=Utahia) sileri) Terrestrial

Cliffrose, Arizona Endangered Dicot No

(Purshia (=cowania) subintegra) Terrestrial

Groundsel, San Francisco Peaks Threatened Dicot Yes

(Senecio franciscanus) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Sentry Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus cremnophylax var. cremnophylax) Terrestrial

Milkweed, Welsh's Threatened Dicot Yes

(Asclepias welshii) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Gila Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila intermedia) Freshwater

Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila cypha) Freshwater

Minnow, Loach Threatened Fish Yes

(Tiaroga cobitis) Freshwater

Pupfish, Desert Endangered Fish Yes

(Cyprinodon macularius) Freshwater

Spikedace Threatened Fish Yes

(Meda fulgida) Freshwater

Spinedace, Little Colorado Threatened Fish Yes

(Lepidomeda vittata) Freshwater

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

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### 216

### Arizona ( 38) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) Endangered Fish No

(Poeciliopsis occidentalis) Freshwater

Trout, Apache Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus apache) Freshwater

Trout, Gila Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus gilae) Freshwater

Ambersnail, Kanab Endangered Gastropod No

(Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's) Long-nosed Endangered Mammal No

(Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Jaguar Endangered Mammal No

(Panthera onca) Terrestrial

Jaguarundi, Sinaloan Endangered Mammal No

(Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi tolteca) Terrestrial

Ocelot Endangered Mammal No

(Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis) Terrestrial

Squirrel, Mount Graham Red Endangered Mammal Yes

(Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis) Terrestrial

Vole, Hualapai Mexican Endangered Mammal No

(Microtus mexicanus hualpaiensis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial

Sedge, Navajo Threatened Monocot Yes

(Carex specuicola) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial



### Arkansas ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Fatmucket, Arkansas Threatened Bivalve No

(Lampsilis powelli) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Scaleshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Leptodea leptodon) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Bladderpod, Missouri Threatened Dicot No

(Lesquerella filiformis) Terrestrial

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### 217

### Arkansas ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Ozark Big-eared Endangered Mammal No

(Corynorhinus (=Plecot us) townsendii ingens) Terrestrial, Subterraneous



### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Frog, California Red-legged Threatened Amphibian Yes

(Rana aurora draytonii) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Frog, Mountain Yellow-legged Endangered Amphibian No

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Salamander, California Tiger Endangered Amphibian No

(Ambystoma californiense) Terrestrial, Vernal pool

Salamander, Desert Slender Endangered Amphibian No

(Batrachoseps aridus) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Salamander, Santa Cruz Long-toed Endangered Amphibian No

(Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Toad, Arroyo Southwestern Endangered Amphibian Yes

(Bufo californicus (=microscaphus)) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Condor, California Endangered Bird Yes

(Gymnogyps californianus) Terrestrial

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

Gnatcatcher, Coastal California Threatened Bird Yes

(Polioptila californica californica) Terrestrial

Murrelet, Marbled Threatened Bird Yes

(Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus) Freshwater, Terrestrial, Saltwater

Owl, Northern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Plover, Western Snowy Threatened Bird Yes

(Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) Terrestrial

Rail, California Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris obsoletus) Terrestrial

Rail, Light-footed Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris levipes) Terrestrial

Rail, Yuma Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial

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### 218

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Shrike, San Clemente Loggerhead Endangered Bird No

(Lanius ludovicianus mearnsi) Terrestrial

Sparrow, San Clemente Sage Threatened Bird No

(Amphispiza belli clementeae) Terrestrial

Tern, California Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum browni) Terrestrial

Towhee, Inyo Brown Threatened Bird Yes

(Pipilo crissalis eremophilus) Terrestrial

Vireo, Least Bell's Endangered Bird Yes

(Vireo bellii pusillus) Terrestrial

Cypress, Gowen Threatened Conf/cycds No

(Cupressus goveniana ssp. goveniana) Terrestrial

Abalone, White Endangered Crustacean No

(Haliotis sorenseni) Saltwater

Fairy Shrimp, Conservancy Fairy Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Branchinecta conservatio) Vernal pool

Fairy Shrimp, Longhorn Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Branchinecta longiantenna) Vernal pool

Fairy Shrimp, Riverside Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Streptocephalus woottoni) Vernal pool

Fairy Shrimp, San Diego Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Branchinecta sandiegonensis) Vernal pool

Fairy Shrimp, Vernal Pool Threatened Crustacean Yes

(Branchinecta lynchi) Vernal pool

Tadpole Shrimp, Vernal Pool Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Lepidurus packardi) Vernal pool

Adobe Sunburst, San Joaquin Threatened Dicot No

(Pseudobahia peirsonii) Terrestrial

Ambrosia, San Diego Endangered Dicot No

(Ambrosia pumila) Terrestrial

Baccharis, Encinitas Threatened Dicot No

(Baccharis vanessae) Terrestrial

Barberry, Island Endangered Dicot No

(Berberis pinnata ssp. insularis) Terrestrial

Barberry, Nevin's Endangered Dicot No

(Berberis nevinii) Terrestrial

Bedstraw, Island Endangered Dicot No

(Galium buxifolium) Terrestrial

Bird's-beak, Palmate-bracted Endangered Dicot No

(Cordylanthus palmatus) Terrestrial

Bird's-beak, salt marsh Endangered Dicot No

(Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. maritimus) Saltwater

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### 219

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bird's-beak, Soft Endangered Dicot No

(Cordylanthus mollis ssp. mollis) Brackish, Saltwater

Bladderpod, San Bernardino Mountains Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lesquerella kingii ssp. bernardina) Terrestrial

Bluecurls, Hidden Lake Threatened Dicot No

(Trichostema austromontanum ssp. compactum) Terrestrial

Broom, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No

(Lotus dendroideus ssp. traskiae) Terrestrial

Buckwheat, Cushenbury Endangered Dicot Yes

(Eriogonum ovalifolium var. vineum) Terrestrial

Buckwheat, Southern Mountain Wild Threatened Dicot No

(Eriogonum kennedyi var. austromontanum) Terrestrial

Bush-mallow, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No

(Malacothamnus clementinus) Terrestrial

Bush-mallow, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No

(Malacothamnus fasciculatus var. nesioticus) Terrestrial

Button-celery, San Diego Endangered Dicot No

(Eryngium aristulatum var. parishii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Bakersfield Endangered Dicot No

(Opuntia treleasei) Terrestrial

Ceanothus, Coyote Endangered Dicot No

(Ceanothus ferrisae) Terrestrial

Ceanothus, Vail Lake Threatened Dicot No

(Ceanothus ophiochilus) Terrestrial

Centaury, Spring-loving Threatened Dicot Yes

(Centaurium namophilum) Terrestrial

Checker-mallow, Keck's Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sidalcea keckii) Terrestrial

Checker-mallow, Pedate Endangered Dicot No

(Sidalcea pedata) Terrestrial

Clarkia, Pismo Endangered Dicot No

(Clarkia speciosa ssp. immaculata) Terrestrial

Clarkia, Springville Threatened Dicot No

(Clarkia springvillensis) Terrestrial

Clover, Fleshy Owl's Threatened Dicot Yes

(Castilleja campestris ssp. succulenta) Vernal pool

Clover, Monterey Endangered Dicot No

(Trifolium trichocalyx) Terrestrial

Crownbeard, Big-leaved Threatened Dicot No

(Verbesina dissita) Terrestrial

Crownscale, San Jacinto Valley Endangered Dicot No

(Atriplex coronata var. notatior) Terrestrial

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### 220

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Daisy, Parish's Threatened Dicot Yes

(Erigeron parishii) Freshwater

Dudleya, Conejo Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya abramsii ssp. parva) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Marcescent Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya cymosa ssp. marcescens) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Santa Clara Valley Endangered Dicot No

(Dudleya setchellii) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Santa Cruz Island Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya nesiotica) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Santa Monica Mountains Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya cymosa ssp. ovatifolia) Terrestrial

Dudleya, Verity's Threatened Dicot No

(Dudleya verityi) Terrestrial

Evening-primrose, Antioch Dunes Endangered Dicot Yes

(Oenothera deltoides ssp. howellii) Terrestrial

Evening-primrose, Eureka Valley Endangered Dicot No

(Oenothera avita ssp. eurekensis) Terrestrial

Evening-primrose, San Benito Threatened Dicot No

(Camissonia benitensis) Terrestrial

Fiddleneck, Large-flowered Endangered Dicot Yes

(Amsinckia grandiflora) Terrestrial

Flannelbush, Mexican Endangered Dicot No

(Fremontodendron mexicanum) Terrestrial

Fringepod, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No

(Thysanocarpus conchuliferus) Terrestrial

Gilia, Hoffmann's Slender-flowered Endangered Dicot No

(Gilia tenuiflora ssp. hoffmannii) Terrestrial

Gilia, Monterey Endangered Dicot No

(Gilia tenuiflora ssp. arenaria) Terrestrial

Golden Sunburst, Hartweg's Endangered Dicot No

(Pseudobahia bahiifolia) Terrestrial

Goldfields, Burke's Endangered Dicot No

(Lasthenia burkei) Terrestrial

Goldfields, Contra Costa Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lasthenia conjugens) Terrestrial

Grass, Hairy Orcutt Endangered Dicot Yes

(Orcuttia pilosa) Vernal pool

Grass, Sacramento Orcutt Endangered Dicot Yes

(Orcuttia viscida) Vernal pool

Grass, Slender Orcutt Threatened Dicot Yes

(Orcuttia tenuis) Vernal pool

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### 221

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Gumplant, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Grindelia fraxino-pratensis) Terrestrial

Ivesia, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Ivesia kingii var. eremica) Terrestrial

Jewelflower, California Endangered Dicot No

(Caulanthus californicus) Terrestrial

Larkspur, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No

(Delphinium variegatum ssp. kinkiense) Terrestrial

Layia, Beach Endangered Dicot No

(Layia carnosa) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic)

Liveforever, Santa Barbara Island Endangered Dicot No

(Dudleya traskiae) Terrestrial

Lupine, Clover Endangered Dicot No

(Lupinus tidestromii) Coastal (neritic)

Lupine, Nipomo Mesa Endangered Dicot No

(Lupinus nipomensis) Coastal (neritic)

Malacothrix, Island Endangered Dicot No

(Malacothrix squalida) Terrestrial

Malacothrix, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No

(Malacothrix indecora) Terrestrial

Mallow, Kern Endangered Dicot No

(Eremalche kernensis) Terrestrial

Manzanita, Del Mar Endangered Dicot No

(Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp. crassifolia) Terrestrial

Manzanita, Morro Threatened Dicot No

(Arctostaphylos morroensis) Terrestrial

Manzanita, Santa Rosa Island Endangered Dicot No

(Arctostaphylos confertiflora) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Braunton's Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus brauntonii) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Coachella Valley Endangered Dicot Yes

(Astragalus lentiginos us var. coachellae) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Coastal Dunes Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus tener var. titi) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Cushenbury Endangered Dicot Yes

(Astragalus albens) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Fish Slough Threatened Dicot No

(Astragalus lentiginos us var. piscinensis) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Lane Mountain Endangered Dicot Yes

(Astragalus jaegerianus) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Triple-ribbed Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus tricarinatus) Terrestrial

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### 222

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Milk-vetch, Ventura Marsh Endangered Dicot Yes

(Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Mint, Otay Mesa Endangered Dicot No

(Pogogyne nudiuscula) Terrestrial

Mint, San Diego Mesa Endangered Dicot No

(Pogogyne abramsii) Terrestrial

Monardella, Willowy Endangered Dicot No

(Monardella linoides ssp. viminea) Terrestrial

Mountainbalm, Indian Knob Endangered Dicot No

(Eriodictyon altissimum) Terrestrial

Mountain-mahogany, Catalina Island Endangered Dicot No

(Cercocarpus traskiae) Terrestrial

Mustard, Slender-petaled Endangered Dicot No

(Thelypodium stenopetalum) Terrestrial

Navarretia, Few-flowered Endangered Dicot No

(Navarretia leucocephala ssp. pauciflora (=N. pauciflora)) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Navarretia, Many-flowered Endangered Dicot No

(Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha) Terrestrial, Vernal pool

Navarretia, Spreading Threatened Dicot No

(Navarretia fossalis) Vernal pool

Niterwort, Amargosa Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nitrophila mohavensis) Terrestrial

Oxytheca, Cushenbury Endangered Dicot Yes

(Oxytheca parishii var. goodmaniana) Terrestrial

Paintbrush, Ash-grey Indian Threatened Dicot No

(Castilleja cinerea) Terrestrial

Paintbrush, San Clemente Island Indian Endangered Dicot No

(Castilleja grisea) Terrestrial

Paintbrush, Soft-leaved Endangered Dicot No

(Castilleja mollis) Terrestrial

Paintbrush, Tiburon Endangered Dicot No

(Castilleja affinis ssp. neglecta) Terrestrial

Pentachaeta, Lyon's Endangered Dicot No

(Pentachaeta lyonii) Terrestrial

Phacelia, Island Endangered Dicot No

(Phacelia insularis ssp. insularis) Terrestrial

Phlox, Yreka Endangered Dicot No

(Phlox hirsuta) Terrestrial

Potentilla, Hickman's Endangered Dicot No

(Potentilla hickmanii) Terrestrial

Pussypaws, Mariposa Threatened Dicot No

(Calyptridium pulchellum) Terrestrial

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### 223

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Rock-cress, Hoffmann's Endangered Dicot No

(Arabis hoffmannii) Terrestrial

Rock-cress, McDonald's Endangered Dicot No

(Arabis mcdonaldiana) Terrestrial

Rock-cress, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No

(Sibara filifolia) Terrestrial

Rush-rose, Island Threatened Dicot No

(Helianthemum greenei) Terrestrial

Sandwort, Bear Valley Threatened Dicot No

(Arenaria ursina) Terrestrial

Sandwort, Marsh Endangered Dicot No

(Arenaria paludicola) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Sea-blite, California Endangered Dicot No

(Suaeda californica) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Howell's Endangered Dicot No

(Chorizanthe howellii) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Monterey Threatened Dicot Yes

(Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Orcutt's Endangered Dicot No

(Chorizanthe orcuttiana) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Robust Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chorizanthe robusta var. robusta) Terrestrial

Spineflower, Slender-horned Endangered Dicot No

(Dodecahema leptoceras) Terrestrial

Spurge, Hoover's Threatened Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce hooveri) Vernal pool

Stonecrop, Lake County Endangered Dicot No

(Parvisedum leiocarpum) Vernal pool

Taraxacum, California Endangered Dicot No

(Taraxacum californicum) Terrestrial

Tarplant, Gaviota Endangered Dicot Yes

(Deinandra increscens ssp. villosa) Terrestrial

Tarplant, Otay Threatened Dicot Yes

(Deinandra (=Hemizonia) conjugens) Terrestrial

Tarplant, Santa Cruz Threatened Dicot Yes

(Holocarpha macradenia) Terrestrial

Thistle, Chorro creek Bog Endangered Dicot No

(Cirsium fontinale var. obispoense) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Thistle, Fountain Endangered Dicot No

(Cirsium fontinale var. fontinale) Terrestrial

Thistle, La Graciosa Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cirsium loncholepis) Coastal (neritic), Freshwater,

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### 224

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Thistle, Suisun Endangered Dicot No

(Cirsium hydrophilum var. hydrophilum) Brackish, Terrestrial

Thornmint, San Diego Threatened Dicot No

(Acanthomintha ilicifolia) Terrestrial

Tuctoria, Green's Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tuctoria greenei) Vernal pool

Wallflower, Menzie's Endangered Dicot No

(Erysimum menziesii) Terrestrial

Watercress, Gambel's Endangered Dicot No

(Rorippa gambellii) Terrestrial, Brackish, Freshwater

Woodland-star, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No

(Lithophragma maximum) Terrestrial

Woolly-star, Santa Ana River Endangered Dicot No

(Eriastrum densifolium ssp. sanctorum) Terrestrial

Woolly-threads, San Joaquin Endangered Dicot No

(Monolopia (=Lembertia) congdonii) Terrestrial

Yerba Santa, Lompoc Endangered Dicot Yes

(Eriodictyon capitatum) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Mohave Tui Endangered Fish No

(Gila bicolor mohavensis) Freshwater

Chub, Owens Tui Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila bicolor snyderi) Freshwater

Dace, Ash Meadows Speckled Endangered Fish Yes

(Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) Freshwater

Goby, Tidewater Endangered Fish Yes

(Eucyclogobius newberryi) Freshwater

Pupfish, Desert Endangered Fish Yes

(Cyprinodon macularius) Freshwater

Pupfish, Owens Endangered Fish No

(Cyprinodon radiosus) Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (California Coastal Run) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Salmon, Chinook (Central Valley Fall Run) Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Salmon, Chinook (Central Valley Spring Run) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (Sacramento River Winter Run) Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Freshwater, Brackish

Salmon, Coho (Central California Coast population) Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater

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### 225

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salmon, Coho (Southern OR/Northern CA Coast) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Smelt, Delta Threatened Fish Yes

(Hypomesus transpacificus) Freshwater, Brackish

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Steelhead, (California Central Valley population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Central California Coast population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Steelhead, (Northern California population) Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater

Steelhead, (South-Central California population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Steelhead, (Southern California population) Endangered Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Stickleback, Unarmored Threespine Endangered Fish No

(Gasterosteus aculeatus williamsoni) Freshwater

Sturgeon, green Threatened Fish No

(Acipenser medirostris)

Sucker, Lost River Endangered Fish No

(Deltistes luxatus) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Sucker, Santa Ana Threatened Fish Yes

(Catostomus santaanae) Freshwater

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater

Trout, Little Kern Golden Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus aguabonita whitei) Freshwater

Trout, Paiute Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki seleniris) Freshwater

Snail, Morro Shoulderband Endangered Gastropod Yes

(Helminthoglypta walkeriana) Terrestrial

Beetle, Delta Green Ground Threatened Insect Yes

(Elaphrus viridis) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Beetle, Valley Elderberry Longhorn Threatened Insect Yes

(Desmocerus californicus dimorphus) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Bay Checkerspot (Wright's euphydryas) Threatened Insect Yes

(Euphydryas editha bayensis) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Behren's Silverspot Endangered Insect No

(Speyeria zerene behrensii) Terrestrial

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### 226

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Butterfly, El Segundo Blue Endangered Insect No

(Euphilotes battoides allyni) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Lotis Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides argyrognomon lotis) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Palos Verdes Blue Endangered Insect Yes

(Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverdesensis) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Quino Checkerspot Endangered Insect Yes

(Euphydryas editha quino (=E. e. wrighti)) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Smith's Blue Endangered Insect No

(Euphilotes enoptes smithi) Terrestrial

Fly, Delhi Sands Flower-loving Endangered Insect No

(Rhaphiomidas terminatus abdominalis) Terrestrial

Moth, Kern Primrose Sphinx Threatened Insect No

(Euproserpinus euterpe) Terrestrial

Skipper, Laguna Mountain Endangered Insect No

(Pyrgus ruralis lagunae) Terrestrial

Fox, San Joaquin Kit Endangered Mammal No

(Vulpes macrotis mutica) Terrestrial

Fox, San Miguel Island Endangered Mammal Yes

(Urocyon littoralis littoralis) Terrestrial

Fox, Santa Catalina Island Endangered Mammal Yes

(Urocyon littoralis catalinae) Terrestrial

Fox, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Mammal Yes

(Urocyon littoralis santacruzae) Terrestrial

Fox, Santa Rosa Island Endangered Mammal Yes

(Urocyon littoralis santarosae) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Fresno Endangered Mammal Yes

(Dipodomys nitratoides exilis) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Giant Endangered Mammal No

(Dipodomys ingens) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Morro Bay Endangered Mammal Yes

(Dipodomys heermanni morroensis) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, San Bernardino Merriam's Endangered Mammal Yes

(Dipodomys merriami parvus) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Stephens' Endangered Mammal No

(Dipodomys stephensi (incl. D. cascus)) Terrestrial

Kangaroo Rat, Tipton Endangered Mammal No

(Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides) Terrestrial

Mountain Beaver, Point Arena Endangered Mammal No

(Aplodontia rufa nigra) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Mouse, Pacific Pocket Endangered Mammal No

(Perognathus longimembris pacificus) Terrestrial

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### 227

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mouse, Salt Marsh Harvest Endangered Mammal No

(Reithrodontomys raviventris) Terrestrial

Rabbit, Riparian Brush Endangered Mammal No

(Sylvilagus bachm ani riparius) Terrestrial

Sheep, Peninsular Bighorn Endangered Mammal Yes

(Ovis canadensis) Terrestrial

Sheep, Sierra Nevada Bighorn Endangered Mammal No

(Ovis canadensis californiana) Terrestrial

Shrew, Buena Vista Lake Ornate Endangered Mammal Yes

(Sorex ornatus relictus) Terrestrial

Vole, Amargosa Endangered Mammal Yes

(Microtus californicus scirpensis) Terrestrial

Woodrat, Riparian Endangered Mammal No

(Neotoma fuscipes riparia) Terrestrial

Otter, Southern Sea Threatened Marine mml No

(Enhydra lutris nereis) Saltwater

Seal, Guadalupe Fur Threatened Marine mml No

(Arctocephalus townsendi) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater

Amole, Cammatta Canyon Threatened Monocot Yes

(Chlorogalum purpureum var. reductum) Terrestrial

Amole, Purple Threatened Monocot Yes

(Chlorogalum purpureum var. purpureum) Terrestrial

Bluegrass, San Bernardino Endangered Monocot No

(Poa atropurpurea) Terrestrial

Brodiaea, Thread-leaved Threatened Monocot Yes

(Brodiaea filifolia) Terrestrial

Grass, California Orcutt Endangered Monocot No

(Orcuttia californica) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Grass, Colusa Threatened Monocot No

(Neostapfia colusana) Vernal pool

Grass, Eureka Dune Endangered Monocot No

(Swallenia alexandrae) Terrestrial

Grass, San Joaquin Valley Orcutt Threatened Monocot Yes

(Orcuttia inaequalis) Vernal pool

Grass, Solano Endangered Monocot Yes

(Tuctoria mucronata) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Onion, Munz's Endangered Monocot No

(Allium munzii) Terrestrial

Piperia, Yadon's Endangered Monocot No

(Piperia yadonii) Terrestrial

Lizard, Blunt-nosed Leopard Endangered Reptile No

(Gambelia silus) Terrestrial

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### 228

### California ( 231) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Lizard, Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Threatened Reptile Yes

(Uma inornata) Terrestrial

Lizard, Island Night Threatened Reptile No

(Xantusia riversiana) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, olive ridley Threatened Reptile No

(Lepidochelys olivacea) Saltwater

Snake, Giant Garter Threatened Reptile No

(Thamnophis gigas) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial



### Colorado ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial

Butterfly Plant, Colorado Threatened Dicot Yes

(Gaura neomexicana var. coloradensis) Terrestrial

Cactus, Knowlton Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus knowltonii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Mesa Verde Threatened Dicot No

(Sclerocactus mesae-verdae) Terrestrial

Cactus, Uinta Basin Hookless Threatened Dicot No

(Sclerocactus glaucus) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Mancos Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus humillimus) Terrestrial

Wild-buckwheat, Clay-loving Endangered Dicot Yes

(Eriogonum pelinophilum) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila cypha) Freshwater

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Trout, Greenback Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki stomias) Freshwater

Skipper, Pawnee Montane Threatened Insect No

(Hesperia leonardus montana) Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Mouse, Preble's Meadow Jumping Threatened Mammal Yes

(Zapus hudsonius preblei) Terrestrial

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### 229

### Colorado ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Ladies'-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No

(Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial



### Connecticut ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial



### Delaware ( 4) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Squirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox Endangered Mammal No

(Sciurus niger cinereus) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No

(Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Caracara, Audubon's Crested Threatened Bird No

(Polyborus plancus audubonii) Terrestrial

Kite, Everglade Snail Endangered Bird Yes

(Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Scrub-Jay, Florida Threatened Bird No

(Aphelocoma coerulescens) Terrestrial

Sparrow, Cape Sable Seaside Endangered Bird Yes

(Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis) Terrestrial

Sparrow, Florida Grasshopper Endangered Bird No

(Ammodramus savannarum floridanus) Terrestrial

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Bankclimber, Purple Threatened Bivalve No

(Elliptoideus sloatianus) Freshwater

Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Medionidus penicillatus) Freshwater

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### 230

### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Ochlockonee Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Medionidus simpsonianus) Freshwater

Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema pyriforme) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny-rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater

Slabshell, Chipola Threatened Bivalve No

(Elliptio chipolaensis) Freshwater

Threeridge, Fat (Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Amblema neislerii) Freshwater

Torreya, Florida Endangered Conf/cycds No

(Torreya taxifolia) Terrestrial

Shrimp, Squirrel Chimney Cave Threatened Crustacean No

(Palaemonetes cummingi) Freshwater, Subterraneous

Aster, Florida Golden Endangered Dicot No

(Chrysopsis floridana) Terrestrial

Birds-in-a-nest, White Threatened Dicot No

(Macbridea alba) Terrestrial

Blazing Star, Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Liatris ohlingerae) Terrestrial

Bonamia, Florida Threatened Dicot No

(Bonamia grandiflora) Terrestrial

Buckwheat, Scrub Threatened Dicot No

(Eriogonum longifolium var. gnaphalifolium) Terrestrial

Butterwort, Godfrey's Threatened Dicot No

(Pinguicula ionantha) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Campion, Fringed Endangered Dicot No

(Silene polypetala) Terrestrial

Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No

(Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial

Fringe Tree, Pygmy Endangered Dicot No

(Chionanthus pygmaeus) Terrestrial

Gooseberry, Miccosukee Threatened Dicot No

(Ribes echinellum) Terrestrial

Gourd, Okeechobee Endangered Dicot No

(Cucurbita okeechobeens is ssp. okeechobeensis) Terrestrial

Harebells, Avon Park Endangered Dicot No

(Crotalaria avonensis) Terrestrial

Hypericum, Highlands Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Hypericum cumulicola) Terrestrial

Jacquemontia, Beach Endangered Dicot No

(Jacquemontia reclinata) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic)

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### 231

### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Lead-plant, Crenulate Endangered Dicot No

(Amorpha crenulata) Terrestrial

Lupine, Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Lupinus aridorum) Terrestrial

Meadowrue, Cooley's Endangered Dicot No

(Thalictrum cooleyi) Terrestrial

Milkpea, Small's Endangered Dicot No

(Galactia smallii) Terrestrial

Mint, Garrett's Endangered Dicot No

(Dicerandra christmanii) Terrestrial

Mint, Lakela's Endangered Dicot No

(Dicerandra immaculata) Terrestrial

Mint, Longspurred Endangered Dicot No

(Dicerandra cornutissima) Terrestrial

Mint, Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Dicerandra frutescens) Terrestrial

Mustard, Carter's Endangered Dicot No

(Warea carteri) Terrestrial

Pawpaw, Beautiful Endangered Dicot No

(Deeringothamnus pulchellus) Terrestrial

Pawpaw, Four-petal Endangered Dicot No

(Asimina tetramera) Terrestrial

Pawpaw, Rugel's Endangered Dicot No

(Deeringothamnus rugelii) Terrestrial

Pinkroot, Gentian Endangered Dicot No

(Spigelia gentianoides) Terrestrial

Plum, Scrub Endangered Dicot No

(Prunus geniculata) Terrestrial

Polygala, Lewton's Endangered Dicot No

(Polygala lewtonii) Terrestrial

Polygala, Tiny Endangered Dicot No

(Polygala smallii) Terrestrial

Rhododendron, Chapman Endangered Dicot No

(Rhododendron chapmanii) Terrestrial

Rosemary, Etonia Endangered Dicot No

(Conradina etonia) Terrestrial

Rosemary, Short-leaved Endangered Dicot No

(Conradina brevifolia) Terrestrial

Sandlace Endangered Dicot No

(Polygonella myriophylla) Terrestrial

Snakeroot Endangered Dicot No

(Eryngium cuneifolium) Terrestrial

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### 232

### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Spurge, Deltoid Endangered Dicot No

(Chamaesyce deltoidea ssp. deltoidea) Terrestrial

Spurge, Garber's Threatened Dicot No

(Chamaesyce garberi) Terrestrial

Spurge, Telephus Threatened Dicot No

(Euphorbia telephioides) Terrestrial

Warea, Wide-leaf Endangered Dicot No

(Warea amplexifolia) Terrestrial

Whitlow-wort, Papery Threatened Dicot No

(Paronychia chartacea) Terrestrial

Wings, Pigeon Threatened Dicot No

(Clitoria fragrans) Terrestrial

Wireweed Endangered Dicot No

(Polygonella basiramia) Terrestrial

Ziziphus, Florida Endangered Dicot No

(Ziziphus celata) Terrestrial

Darter, Okaloosa Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma okaloosae) Freshwater

Sawfish, Smalltooth Endangered Fish No

(Pristis pectinata) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Butterfly, Schaus Swallowtail Endangered Insect No

(Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus) Terrestrial

Cladonia, Florida Perforate Endangered Lichen No

(Cladonia perforata) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Mouse, Anastasia Island Beach Endangered Mammal No

(Peromyscus polionotus phasma) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic)

Mouse, Choctawhatchee Beach Endangered Mammal Yes

(Peromyscus polionotus allophrys) Coastal (neritic), Terrestrial

Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Endangered Mammal Yes

(Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) Coastal (neritic)

Mouse, Southeastern Beach Threatened Mammal No

(Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris) Coastal (neritic), Terrestrial

Panther, Florida Endangered Mammal No

(Puma (=Felis) concolor coryi) Terrestrial

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### 233

### Florida ( 87) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Manatee, West Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

Beargrass, Britton's Endangered Monocot No

(Nolina brittoniana) Terrestrial

Seagrass, Johnson's Threatened Monocot Yes

(Halophila johnsonii) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater

Crocodile, American Threatened Reptile Yes

(Crocodylus acutus) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes

(Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes

(Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater

Skink, Blue-tailed Mole Threatened Reptile No

(Eumeces egregius lividus) Terrestrial

Skink, Sand Threatened Reptile No

(Neoseps reynoldsi) Terrestrial

Snake, Atlantic Salt Marsh Threatened Reptile No

(Nerodia clarkii taeniata) Saltwater, Terrestrial, Brackish

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial



### Georgia ( 39) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Bankclimber, Purple Threatened Bivalve No

(Elliptoideus sloatianus) Freshwater

Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater

Kidneyshell, Triangular Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater

Mussel, Acornshell Southern Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma othcaloogensis) Freshwater

Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater

Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater

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### 234

### Georgia ( 39) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Fine-lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater

Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Medionidus penicillatus) Freshwater

Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema pyriforme) Freshwater

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny-rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater

Threeridge, Fat (Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Amblema neislerii) Freshwater

Torreya, Florida Endangered Conf/cycds No

(Torreya taxifolia) Terrestrial

Amphianthus, Little Threatened Dicot No

(Amphianthus pusillus) Freshwater

Barbara Buttons, Mohr's Threatened Dicot No

(Marshallia mohrii) Terrestrial

Campion, Fringed Endangered Dicot No

(Silene polypetala) Terrestrial

Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No

(Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Pitcher-plant, Green Endangered Dicot No

(Sarracenia oreophila) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Rattleweed, Hairy Endangered Dicot No

(Baptisia arachnifera) Terrestrial

Skullcap, Large-flowered Threatened Dicot No

(Scutellaria montana) Terrestrial

Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial

Quillwort, Black-spored Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes melanospora) Vernal pool

Quillwort, Mat-forming Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes tegetiformans) Vernal pool

Darter, Cherokee Threatened Fish No

(Etheostoma scotti) Freshwater

Darter, Etowah Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma etowahae) Freshwater

8/20/2007 10:01:07 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 24 of 71



### 235

### Georgia ( 39) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Darter, Goldline Threatened Fish No

(Percina aurolineata) Freshwater

Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No

(Cyprinella caerulea) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Grass, Tennessee Yellow-eyed Endangered Monocot No

(Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestrial

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial

Trillium, Relict Endangered Monocot No

(Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial



### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Spider, Kauai Cave Wolf Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

'Akepa, Hawaii Endangered Bird No

(Loxops coccineus coccineus) Terrestrial

'Akepa, Maui Endangered Bird No

(Loxops coccineus ochraceus) Terrestrial

'Akia Loa, Kauai (Hem ignathus procerus) Endangered Bird No

(Hemignathus procerus) Terrestrial

'Akia Pola'au (Hemignathus munroi) Endangered Bird No

(Hemignathus munroi) Terrestrial

Albatross, Short-tailed Endangered Bird No

(Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus) Terrestrial, Saltwater

Coot, Hawaiian (=Alae keo keo) Endangered Bird No

(Fulica americana alai) Terrestrial

Creeper, Hawaii Endangered Bird No

(Oreomystis mana) Terrestrial

Creeper, Molokai (Kakawahie) Endangered Bird No

(Paroreomyza flammea) Terrestrial

Creeper, Oahu (Alauwahio) Endangered Bird No

(Paroreomyza maculata) Terrestrial

Crow, Hawaiian ('Alala) Endangered Bird No

(Corvus hawaiiensis) Terrestrial

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### 236

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Duck, Hawaiian (Koloa) Endangered Bird No

(Anas wyvilliana) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Duck, Laysan Endangered Bird No

(Anas laysanensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Elepaio, Oahu Endangered Bird Yes

(Chasiempis sandwichensis ibidis) Terrestrial

Finch, Laysan Endangered Bird No

(Telespyza cantans) Terrestrial

Finch, Nihoa Endangered Bird No

(Telespyza ultima) Terrestrial

Goose, Hawaiian (Nene) Endangered Bird No

(Branta (=Nesochen) sandvicensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Hawk, Hawaiian (Io) Endangered Bird No

(Buteo solitarius) Terrestrial

Honeycreeper, Crested ('Akohekohe) Endangered Bird No

(Palmeria dolei) Terrestrial

Millerbird, Nihoa Endangered Bird No

(Acrocephalus familiaris kingi) Terrestrial

Moorhen, Hawaiian Common Endangered Bird No

(Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis) Terrestrial

Nuku Pu'u Endangered Bird No

(Hemignathus lucidus) Terrestrial

'O'o, Kauai (='A'a) Endangered Bird No

(Moho braccatus) Terrestrial

'O'u (Honeycreeper) Endangered Bird No

(Psittirostra psittacea) Terrestrial

Palila Endangered Bird Yes

(Loxioides bailleui) Terrestrial

Parrotbill, Maui Endangered Bird No

(Pseudonestor xanthophrys) Terrestrial

Petrel, Hawaiian Dark-rumped Endangered Bird No

(Pterodroma phaeopygia sandwichensis) Terrestrial

Po'ouli Endangered Bird No

(Melamprosops phaeosoma) Terrestrial

Shearwater, Newell's Townsend's Threatened Bird No

(Puffinus auricularis newelli) Terrestrial, Saltwater

Stilt, Hawaiian (=Ae'o) Endangered Bird No

(Himantopus mexicanus knudseni) Terrestrial

Thrush, Large Kauai Endangered Bird No

(Myadestes myadestinus) Terrestrial

Thrush, Molokai (Oloma'o) Endangered Bird No

(Myadestes lanaiensis rutha) Terrestrial

8/20/2007 10:01:07 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 26 of 71



### 237

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Thrush, Small Kauai (Puaiohi) Endangered Bird No

(Myadestes palmeri) Terrestrial

Amphipod, Kauai Cave Endangered Crustacean Yes

(Spelaeorchestia koloana) Freshwater, Subterraneous

Abutilon eremitopetalum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Abutilon eremitopetalum) Terrestrial

Abutilon sandwicense (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Abutilon sandwicense) Terrestrial

Achyranthes mutica (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Achyranthes mutica) Terrestrial

Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata) Terrestrial

A'e (Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum) Terrestrial

A'e (Zanthoxylum hawaiiense) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Zanthoxylum hawaiiense) Terrestrial

'Aiea (Nothocestrum breviflorum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nothocestrum breviflorum) Terrestrial

'Aiea (Nothocestrum peltatum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nothocestrum peltatum) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce deppeana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce deppeana) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce herbstii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce herbstii) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce kuwaleana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce kuwaleana) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce rockii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce rockii) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Chamaesyce skottsbergii var. skottsbe Endangered Dicot No

(Chamaesyce skottsbergii var. kalaeloana) Terrestrial

'Akoko (Euphorbia haeleeleana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Euphorbia haeleeleana) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope adscendens) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope adscendens) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope balloui) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope balloui) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope haupuensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope haupuensis) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope knudsenii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope knudsenii) Terrestrial

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### 238

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Alani (Melicope lydgatei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope lydgatei) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope mucronulata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope mucronulata) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope munroi) Endangered Dicot No

(Melicope munroi) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope ovalis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope ovalis) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope pallida) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope pallida) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope quadrangularis) Endangered Dicot No

(Melicope quadrangularis) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope reflexa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope reflexa) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope saint-johnii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope saint-johnii) Terrestrial

Alani (Melicope zahlbruckneri) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Melicope zahlbruckneri) Terrestrial

Alsinidendron obovatum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alsinidendron obovatum) Terrestrial

Alsinidendron trinerve (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alsinidendron trinerve) Terrestrial

Alsinidendron viscosum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alsinidendron viscosum) Terrestrial

Amaranthus brownii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Amaranthus brownii) Terrestrial

'Anaunau (Lepidium arbuscula) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lepidium arbuscula) Terrestrial

'Anunu (Sicyos alba) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sicyos alba) Terrestrial

Aupaka (Isodendrion hosakae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Isodendrion hosakae) Terrestrial

Aupaka (Isodendrion laurifolium) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Isodendrion laurifolium) Terrestrial

Aupaka (Isodendrion longifolium) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Isodendrion longifolium) Terrestrial

'Awikiwiki (Canavalia molokaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Canavalia molokaiensis) Terrestrial

'Awiwi (Centaurium sebaeoides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Centaurium sebaeoides) Terrestrial

'Awiwi (Hedyotis cookiana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis cookiana) Terrestrial

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### 239

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bonamia menziesii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Bonamia menziesii) Terrestrial

Chamaesyce Halemanui (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Chamaesyce halemanui) Terrestrial

Cyanea undulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea undulata) Terrestrial

Delissea rhytodisperma (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Delissea rhytidosperma) Terrestrial

Dubautia latifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Dubautia latifolia) Terrestrial

Dubautia pauciflorula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Dubautia pauciflorula) Terrestrial

Geranium, Hawaiian Red-flowered Endangered Dicot Yes

(Geranium arboreum) Terrestrial

Gouania hillebrandii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gouania hillebrandii) Terrestrial

Gouania meyenii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gouania meyenii) Terrestrial

Gouania vitifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gouania vitifolia) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea acuminata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea acuminata) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea asarifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea asarifolia) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii) Endangered Dicot No

(Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea copelandii ssp. haleakalaensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea copelandii ssp. haleakalaensis) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea Crispa) (=Rollandia crispa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea (=Rollandia) crispa) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea dunbarii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea dunbarii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea glabra) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea glabra) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. grimesiana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea grimesiana ssp. grimesiana) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. obatae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea grimesiana ssp. obatae) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. carlsonii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea hamatiflora carlsonii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora) Terrestrial

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### 240

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Haha (Cyanea humboldtiana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea humboldtiana) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea koolauensis) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea longiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea longiflora) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea Macrostegia var. gibsonii) Endangered Dicot No

(Cyanea macrostegia ssp. gibsonii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea mannii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea mceldowneyi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea mceldowneyi) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea pinnatifida) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea pinnatifida) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea platyphylla) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea platyphylla) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea procera) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea procera) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea recta) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Cyanea recta) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea remyi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea remyi) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea shipmanii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea shipmannii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea stictophylla) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea stictophylla) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea St-Johnii) (=Rollandia St-Johnii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea st-johnii) Terrestrial

Haha (Cyanea superba) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyanea superba) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra crenata) Endangered Dicot No

(Cyrtandra crenata) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra dentata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra dentata) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra giffardii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra giffardii) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra limahuliensis) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra limahuliensis) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra munroi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra munroi) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra polyantha) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra polyantha) Terrestrial

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### 241

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra subumbellata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra subumbellata) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra tintinnabula) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra tintinnabula) Terrestrial

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra viridiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra viridiflora) Terrestrial

Haplostachys Haplostachya (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Haplostachys haplostachya) Terrestrial

Hau Kauhiwi (Hibiscadelphus woodi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscadelphus woodii) Terrestrial

Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus distans) Endangered Dicot No

(Hibiscadelphus distans) Terrestrial

Heau (Exocarpos luteolus) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Exocarpos luteolus) Terrestrial

Hedyotis degeneri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis degeneri) Terrestrial

Hedyotis parvula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis parvula) Terrestrial

Hedyotis St.-Johnii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis st.-johnii) Terrestrial

Hesperomannia arborescens (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hesperomannia arborescens) Terrestrial

Hesperomannia arbuscula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hesperomannia arbuscula) Terrestrial

Hesperomannia lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hesperomannia lydgatei) Terrestrial

Hibiscus, Clay's Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscus clayi) Terrestrial

Holei (Ochrosia kilaueaensis) Endangered Dicot No

(Ochrosia kilaueaensis) Terrestrial

Iliau (Wilkesia hobdyi) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Wilkesia hobdyi) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia cyrtandrae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Labordia cyrtandrae) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia lydgatei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Labordia lydgatei) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia tini folia var. lanaiensis) Endangered Dicot No

(Labordia tinifolia var. lanaiensis) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaen) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaensis) Terrestrial

Kamakahala (Labordia triflora) Endangered Dicot No

(Labordia triflora) Terrestrial

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### 242

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Kanaloa kahoolawensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Kanaloa kahoolawensis) Terrestrial

Kauila (Colubrina oppositifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Colubrina oppositifolia) Terrestrial

Kaulu (Pteralyxia kauaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Pteralyxia kauaiensis) Terrestrial

Kio'Ele (Hedyotis coriacea) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis coriacea) Terrestrial

Kiponapona (Phyllostegia racemosa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia racemosa) Terrestrial

Koki'o (Kokia drynarioides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Kokia drynarioides) Terrestrial

Koki'o (Kokia kauaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Kokia kauaiensis) Terrestrial

Koki'o Ke'oke'o (Hibiscus arnottianus ssp. immaculatus) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscus arnottianus ssp. immaculatus) Terrestrial

Koki'o Ke'oke'o (Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae) Terrestrial

Kolea (Myrsine juddii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Myrsine juddii) Terrestrial

Kolea (Myrsine linearifolia) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Myrsine linearifolia) Terrestrial

Ko'oko'olau (Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha) Terrestrial

Ko'oko'olau (Bidens wiebkei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Bidens wiebkei) Terrestrial

Ko'oloa'ula (Abutilon menziesii) Endangered Dicot No

(Abutilon menziesii) Terrestrial

Kopa (Hedyotis schlechtendahliana var. remyi) Endangered Dicot No

(Hedyotis schlechtendahliana var. remyi) Terrestrial

Kuawawaenohu (Alsinidendron lychnoides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alsinidendron lychnoides) Terrestrial

Kulu'I (Nototrichium humile) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nototrichium humile) Terrestrial

Laukahi Kuahiwi (Plantago hawaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Plantago hawaiensis) Terrestrial

Laukahi Kuahiwi (Plantago princeps) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Plantago princeps) Terrestrial

Laulihilihi (Schiedea stellarioides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea stellarioides) Terrestrial

Lipochaeta venosa (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Lipochaeta venosa) Terrestrial

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### 243

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Lobelia monostachya (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lobelia monostachya) Terrestrial

Lobelia niihauensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lobelia niihauensis) Terrestrial

Lobelia oahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lobelia oahuensis) Terrestrial

Lysimachia filifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lysimachia filifolia) Terrestrial

Lysimachia lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lysimachia lydgatei) Terrestrial

Lysimachia maxima (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lysimachia maxima) Terrestrial

Mahoe (Alectryon macrococcus) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Alectryon macrococcus) Terrestrial

Makou (Peucedanum sandwicense) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Peucedanum sandwicense) Terrestrial

Ma'o Hau Hele (Hibiscus brackenridgei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hibiscus brackenridgei) Terrestrial

Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea apokremnos) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea apokremnos) Terrestrial

Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea kealiae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea kealiae) Terrestrial

Mapele (Cyrtandra cyaneoides) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Cyrtandra cyaneoides) Terrestrial

Mehamehame (Flueggea neowawraea) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Flueggea neowawraea) Terrestrial

Munroidendron racemosum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Munroidendron racemosum) Terrestrial

Na'ena'e (Dubautia herbstobatae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial

Na'ena'e (Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis) Terrestrial

Nani Wai'ale'ale (Viola kauaensis var. wahiawaensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Viola kauaiensis var. wahiawaensis) Terrestrial

Nanu (Gardenia mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Gardenia mannii) Terrestrial

Na'u (Gardenia brighamii) Endangered Dicot No

(Gardenia brighamii) Terrestrial

Naupaka, Dwarf (Scaevola coriacea) Endangered Dicot No

(Scaevola coriacea) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta fauriei) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta fauriei) Terrestrial

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### 244

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Nehe (Lipochaeta kamolensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta kamolensis) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta micrantha) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta micrantha) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta tenuifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta tenuifolia) Terrestrial

Nehe (Lipochaeta waimeaensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lipochaeta waimeaensis) Terrestrial

Neraudia angulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Neraudia angulata) Terrestrial

Neraudia ovata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Neraudia ovata) Terrestrial

Neraudia sericea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Neraudia sericea) Terrestrial

Nioi (Eugenia koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Eugenia koolauensis) Terrestrial

Nohoanu (Geranium multiflorum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Geranium multiflorum) Terrestrial

'Oha (Delissea rivularis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Delissea rivularis) Terrestrial

'Oha (Delissea subcordata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Delissea subcordata) Terrestrial

'Oha (Delissea undulata) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Delissea undulata) Terrestrial

'Oha (Lobelia gaudichaudii koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Lobelia gaudichaudii ssp. koolauensis) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia drepanomorpha) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia drepanomorpha) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia lindseyana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia lindseyana) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. brevipes) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. brevipes) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia peleana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia peleana) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia pyrularia) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia pyrularia) Terrestrial

'Oha Wai (Clermontia samuelii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Clermontia samuelii) Terrestrial

8/20/2007 10:01:07 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 34 of 71



### 245

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

'Ohai (Sesbania tomentosa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sesbania tomentosa) Terrestrial

'Ohe'ohe (Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa) Terrestrial

'Olulu (Brighamia insignis) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Brighamia insignis) Terrestrial

Opuhe (Urera kaalae) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Urera kaalae) Terrestrial

Pamakani (Viola chamiss oniana ssp. chamissoniana) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Viola chamissoniana ssp. chamissoniana) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia hirsuta (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia hirsuta) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia kaalaensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia kaalaensis) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia knudsenii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia knudsenii) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia mannii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia mannii) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia mollis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia mollis) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia parviflora (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia parviflora) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia velutina (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia velutina) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia waimeae (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia waimeae) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia warshaueri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia warshaueri) Terrestrial

Phyllostegia wawrana (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Phyllostegia wawrana) Terrestrial

Pilo (Hedyotis mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Hedyotis mannii) Terrestrial

Po'e (Portulaca sclerocarpa) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Portulaca sclerocarpa) Terrestrial

Popolo 'Aiakeakua (S olanum sandwicense) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Solanum sandwicense) Terrestrial

Popolo Ku Mai (Solanum incompletum) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Solanum incompletum) Terrestrial

Pua'ala (Brighamia rockii) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Brighamia rockii) Terrestrial

Remya kauaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Remya kauaiensis) Terrestrial

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### 246

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Remya montgomeryi (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Remya montgomeryi) Terrestrial

Remya, Maui Endangered Dicot Yes

(Remya mauiensis) Terrestrial

Sandalwood, Lanai (='Iliahi) Endangered Dicot No

(Santalum freycinetianum var. lanaiense) Terrestrial

Sanicula mariversa (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sanicula mariversa) Terrestrial

Sanicula purpurea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Sanicula purpurea) Terrestrial

Schiedea haleakalensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea haleakalensis) Terrestrial

Schiedea helleri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea helleri) Terrestrial

Schiedea hookeri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea hookeri) Terrestrial

Schiedea kaalae (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea kaalae) Terrestrial

Schiedea kauaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea kauaiensis) Terrestrial

Schiedea lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea lydgatei) Terrestrial

Schiedea membranacea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea membranacea) Terrestrial

Schiedea nuttallii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea nuttallii) Terrestrial

Schiedea sarmentosa (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea sarmentosa) Terrestrial

Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda) Terrestrial

Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina (ncn) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina) Terrestrial

Schiedea verticillata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Schiedea verticillata) Terrestrial

Schiedea, Diamond Head (Schiedea adamantis) Endangered Dicot No

(Schiedea adamantis) Terrestrial

Silene alexandri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Silene alexandri) Terrestrial

Silene hawaiiensis (ncn) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Silene hawaiiensis) Terrestrial

Silene lanceolata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Silene lanceolata) Terrestrial

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### 247

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Silene perlmanii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Silene perlmanii) Terrestrial

Silversword, Haleakala ('Ahinahina) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Argyroxiphium sandwic ense ssp. macrocephalum) Terrestrial

Silversword, Ka'u (Argyroxiphium kauense) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Argyroxiphium kauense) Terrestrial

Silversword, Mauna Kea ('Ahinahina) Endangered Dicot No

(Argyroxiphium sandw icense ssp. sandwicense) Terrestrial

Spermolepis hawaiiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Spermolepis hawaiiensis) Terrestrial

Stenogyne angustifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Stenogyne angustifolia var. angustifolia) Terrestrial

Stenogyne bifida (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Stenogyne bifida) Terrestrial

Stenogyne campanulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Stenogyne campanulata) Terrestrial

Stenogyne kanehoana (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Stenogyne kanehoana) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium arenarium (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Tetramolopium arenarium) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium capillare (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium capillare) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium filiforme (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium filiforme) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. lepidotum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. lepidotum) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium remyi (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium remyi) Terrestrial

Tetramolopium rockii (ncn) Threatened Dicot Yes

(Tetramolopium rockii) Coastal (neritic), Terrestrial

Trematolobelia singularis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Trematolobelia singularis) Terrestrial

Uhiuhi (Caesalpi nia kavaiensis) Endangered Dicot No

(Caesalpinia kavaiense) Terrestrial

Ulihi (Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis) Endangered Dicot No

(Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis) Terrestrial

Vetch, Hawaiian (Vicia menziesii) Endangered Dicot No

(Vicia menziesii) Terrestrial

Vigna o-wahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Vigna o-wahuensis) Terrestrial

Viola helenae (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Viola helenae) Terrestrial

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### 248

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Viola lanaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot No

(Viola lanaiensis) Terrestrial

Viola oahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Viola oahuensis) Terrestrial

Wahine Noho Kula (Isodendrion pyrifolium) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Isodendrion pyrifolium) Terrestrial

Xylosma crenatum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Xylosma crenatum) Terrestrial

Asplenium fragile var. insulare (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Asplenium fragile var. insulare) Terrestrial

Diellia erecta (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diellia erecta) Terrestrial

Diellia falcata (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diellia falcata) Terrestrial

Diellia pallida (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diellia pallida) Terrestrial

Diellia unisora (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diellia unisora) Terrestrial

Diplazium molokaiense (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Diplazium molokaiense) Terrestrial

Fern, Pendant Kihi (Adenophorus periens) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Adenophorus periens) Terrestrial

'Ihi'Ihi (Marsilea villosa) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Marsilea villosa) Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Pauoa (Ctenitis squamigera) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Ctenitis squamigera) Terrestrial

Pteris lidgatei (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Pteris lidgatei) Terrestrial

Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (=Huperzia) mannii) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Huperzia mannii) Terrestrial

Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (=Lycopodium) nutans) Endangered Ferns Yes

(Lycopodium (=Phlegmariurus) nutans) Terrestrial

Snail, Newcomb's Threatened Gastropod Yes

(Erinna newcombi) Freshwater

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella abbreviata) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella abbreviata) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella apexfulva) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella apexfulva) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella bellula) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella bellula) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella buddii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella buddii) Terrestrial

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### 249

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella bulimoides) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella bulimoides) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella byronii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella byronii) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella caesia) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella caesia) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella casta) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella casta) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella cestus) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella cestus) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achat inella concavospira) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella concavospira) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella curta) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella curta) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella decipiens) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella decipiens) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella decora) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella decora) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella dimorpha) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella dimorpha) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella elegans) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella elegans) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella fulgens) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella fulgens) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella fuscobasis) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella fuscobasis) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella juddii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella juddii) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella juncea) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella juncea) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lehuiensis) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella lehuiensis) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella leucorraphe) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella leucorraphe) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lila) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella lila) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella livida) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella livida) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lorata) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella lorata) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella mustelina) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella mustelina) Terrestrial

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### 250

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella papyracea) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella papyracea) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella phaeozona) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella phaeozona) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella pulcherrima) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella pulcherrima) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella pupukanioe) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella pupukanioe) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella rosea) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella rosea) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella sowerbyana) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella sowerbyana) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella spaldingi) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella spaldingi) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella stewartii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella stewartii) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella swiftii) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella swiftii) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella taeniolata) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella taeniolata) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella thaanumi) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella thaanumi) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella turgida) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella turgida) Terrestrial

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella valida) Endangered Gastropod No

(Achatinella valida) Terrestrial

Moth, Blackburn's Sphinx Endangered Insect Yes

(Manduca blackburni) Terrestrial

Bat, Hawaiian Hoary Endangered Mammal No

(Lasiurus cinereus semotus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Seal, Hawaiian Monk Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Monachus schauinslandi) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater

Bluegrass, Hawaiian Endangered Monocot Yes

(Poa sandvicensis) Terrestrial

Bluegrass, Mann's (Poa mannii) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Poa mannii) Terrestrial

Gahnia Lanaiensis (ncn) Endangered Monocot No

(Gahnia lanaiensis) Terrestrial

Grass, Fosberg's Love Endangered Monocot Yes

(Eragrostis fosbergii) Terrestrial

Hala Pepe (Pleomele hawaiiensis) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Pleomele hawaiiensis) Terrestrial

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### 251

### Hawaii ( 345) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Hilo Ischaemum (Ischaemum byrone) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Ischaemum byrone) Terrestrial

Kamanomano (Cenchrus agrimonioides) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Cenchrus agrimonioides) Terrestrial

Lau'ehu (Panicum niihauense) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Panicum niihauense) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia affinis) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia affinis) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia kaalae) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia kaalae) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia munroi) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Pritchardia munroi) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia napaliensis) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia napaliensis) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Pritchardia remota) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia schattaueri) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia schattaueri) Terrestrial

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia viscosa) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia viscosa) Terrestrial

Mariscus fauriei (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Mariscus fauriei) Terrestrial

Mariscus pennatiformis (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Mariscus pennatiformis) Terrestrial

Panicgrass, Carter's (Panicum fauriei var.carteri) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Panicum fauriei var. carteri) Terrestrial

Platanthera holochila (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Platanthera holochila) Terrestrial

Poa siphonoglossa (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Poa siphonoglossa) Terrestrial

Pu'uka'a (Cyperus trachysanthos) Endangered Monocot Yes

(Cyperus trachysanthos) Terrestrial

Wahane (Pritchardia aylmer-robinsonii) Endangered Monocot No

(Pritchardia aylmer-robinsonii) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes

(Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater



### Idaho ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

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### 252

### Idaho ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Snail, Bliss Rapids Threatened Gastropod No

(Taylorconcha serpenticola) Freshwater

Snail, Snake River Physa Endangered Gastropod No

(Physa natricina) Terrestrial

Snail, Utah Valvata Endangered Gastropod No

(Valvata utahensis) Terrestrial

Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial



### Illinois ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater

Amphipod, Illinois Cave Endangered Crustacean No

(Gammarus acherondytes) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Aster, Decurrent False Threatened Dicot No

(Boltonia decurrens) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No

(Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial

Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No

(Lespedeza leptostachya) Terrestrial

Daisy, Lakeside Threatened Dicot No

(Hymenoxys herbacea) Freshwater

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No

(Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

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### 253

### Illinois ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect No

(Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial



### Indiana ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema clava) Freshwater

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No

(Obovaria retusa) Freshwater

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Orange-footed Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Tubercled-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, White Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No

(Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Reptile No

(Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial

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### 254

### Iowa ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater

Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No

(Lespedeza leptostachya) Terrestrial

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Fern, American hart's-tongue Threatened Ferns No

(Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestrial

Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes

(Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Kansas ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Shiner, Arkansas River Threatened Fish Yes

(Notropis girardi) Freshwater

Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes

(Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Kentucky ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

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### 255

### Kentucky ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Warbler (=Wood), Kirtland's Endangered Bird No

(Dendroica kirtlandii) Terrestrial

Warbler, Bachman's Endangered Bird No

(Vermivora bachmanii) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema clava) Freshwater

Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Alasmidonta atropurpurea) Freshwater

Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No

(Obovaria retusa) Freshwater

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula fragosa) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No

(Hemistena lata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cumberland Bean Endangered Bivalve No

(Villosa trabalis) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No

(Potamilus capax) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Little-wing Endangered Bivalve No

(Pegias fabula) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Orange-footed Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma obliquata obliquata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Tubercled-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater

Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater

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### 256

### Kentucky ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No

(Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial

Goldenrod, Short's Endangered Dicot No

(Solidago shortii) Terrestrial

Potato-bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No

(Apios priceana) Terrestrial

Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial

Dace, Blackside Threatened Fish No

(Phoxinus cumberlandensis) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial



### Louisiana ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Threatened Bivalve No

(Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater

Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial

Manatee, West Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

Tortoise, Gopher Threatened Reptile No

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial

Turtle, Ringed Sawback Threatened Reptile No

(Graptemys oculifera) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Maine ( 5) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

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### 257

### Maine ( 5) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No

(Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial

Salmon, Atlantic Endangered Fish No

(Salmo salar) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial



### Maryland ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No

(Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

Darter, Maryland Endangered Fish Yes

(Etheostoma sellare) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Squirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox Endangered Mammal No

(Sciurus niger cinereus) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Massachusetts ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No

(Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No

(Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial

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### 258

### Massachusetts ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Turtle, Plymouth Red-bellied Endangered Reptile Yes

(Pseudemys rubriventris bangsi) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Michigan ( 11) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater

Goldenrod, Houghton's Threatened Dicot No

(Solidago houghtonii) Terrestrial

Monkey-flower, Michigan Endangered Dicot No

(Mimulus glabratus var. michiganensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No

(Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No

(Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Iris, Dwarf Lake Threatened Monocot No

(Iris lacustris) Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial

Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Reptile No

(Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Minnesota ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula fragosa) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater

Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No

(Lespedeza leptostachya) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Lynx, Canada Threatened Mammal No

(Lynx canadensis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Threatened Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial

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### 259

### Minnesota ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Lily, Minnesota Trout Endangered Monocot No

(Erythronium propullans) Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Mississippi ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Combshell, Southern (=Penitent mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma penita) Freshwater

Mucket, Orangenacre Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis perovalis) Freshwater

Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater

Mussel, Black (=Curtus' Mussel) Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema curtum) Freshwater

Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge Tait's Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema taitianum) Freshwater

Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Threatened Bivalve No

(Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater

Potato-bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No

(Apios priceana) Terrestrial

Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No

(Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Darter, Bayou Threatened Fish No

(Etheostoma rubrum) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes

(Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

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### 260

### Mississippi ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Gopher Threatened Reptile No

(Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial

Turtle, Ringed Sawback Threatened Reptile No

(Graptemys oculifera) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Turtle, Yellow-blotched Map Threatened Reptile No

(Graptemys flavimaculata) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Missouri ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Scaleshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Leptodea leptodon) Freshwater

Aster, Decurrent False Threatened Dicot No

(Boltonia decurrens) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Bladderpod, Missouri Threatened Dicot No

(Lesquerella filiformis) Terrestrial

Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No

(Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial

Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) Threatened Dicot No

(Geocarpon minimum) Terrestrial

Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No

(Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial

Cavefish, Ozark Threatened Fish No

(Amblyopsis rosae) Freshwater

Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila cypha) Freshwater

Darter, Niangua Threatened Fish Yes

(Etheostoma nianguae) Freshwater

Madtom, Neosho Threatened Fish No

(Noturus placidus) Freshwater

Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes

(Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

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### 261

### Missouri ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial



### Montana ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Catchfly, Spalding's Threatened Dicot No

(Silene spaldingii) Terrestrial

Howellia, Water Threatened Dicot No

(Howellia aquatilis) Freshwater

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial



### Nebraska ( 7) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Beetle, Salt Creek Tiger Endangered Insect No

(Cicindela nevadica lincolniana) Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Nevada ( 35) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

Rail, Yuma Clapper Endangered Bird No

(Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial

Blazing Star, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Mentzelia leucophylla) Terrestrial

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### 262

### Nevada ( 35) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Buckwheat, Steamboat Endangered Dicot No

(Eriogonum ovalifolium var. williamsiae) Terrestrial

Centaury, Spring-loving Threatened Dicot Yes

(Centaurium namophilum) Terrestrial

Gumplant, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Grindelia fraxino-pratensis) Terrestrial

Ivesia, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Ivesia kingii var. eremica) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Astragalus phoenix) Terrestrial

Niterwort, Amargosa Endangered Dicot Yes

(Nitrophila mohavensis) Terrestrial

Sunray, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes

(Enceliopsis nudicaulis var. corrugata) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Pahranagat Roundtail Endangered Fish No

(Gila robusta jordani) Freshwater

Chub, Virgin River Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila seminuda (=robusta)) Freshwater

Cui-ui Endangered Fish No

(Chasmistes cujus) Freshwater

Dace, Ash Meadows Speckled Endangered Fish Yes

(Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) Freshwater

Dace, Desert Threatened Fish Yes

(Eremichthys acros) Freshwater

Dace, Moapa Endangered Fish No

(Moapa coriacea) Freshwater

Poolfish, Pahrump (= Pahrump Killifish) Endangered Fish No

(Empetrichthys latos) Freshwater

Pupfish, Ash Meadows Amargosa Endangered Fish Yes

(Cyprinodon nevadensis mionectes) Freshwater

Pupfish, Devils Hole Endangered Fish No

(Cyprinodon diabolis) Freshwater

Pupfish, Warm Springs Endangered Fish No

(Cyprinodon nevadensis pectoralis) Freshwater

Spinedace, Big Spring Threatened Fish Yes

(Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis) Freshwater

Spinedace, White River Endangered Fish Yes

(Lepidomeda albivallis) Freshwater

Springfish, Hiko White River Endangered Fish Yes

(Crenichthys baileyi grandis) Freshwater

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### 263

### Nevada ( 35) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Springfish, Railroad Valley Threatened Fish Yes

(Crenichthys nevadae) Freshwater

Springfish, White River Endangered Fish Yes

(Crenichthys baileyi baileyi) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Sucker, Warner Threatened Fish Yes

(Catostomus warnerensis) Freshwater

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater

Woundfin Endangered Fish Yes

(Plagopterus argentissimus) Freshwater

Naucorid, Ash Meadows Threatened Insect Yes

(Ambrysus amargosus) Terrestrial

Skipper, Carson Wandering Endangered Insect No

(Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus) Terrestrial

Ladies'-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No

(Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial



### New Hampshire ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial



### New Jersey ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Curlew, Eskimo Endangered Bird No

(Numenius borealis) Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No

(Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial

Joint-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No

(Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

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### 264

### New Jersey ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Beaked-rush, Knieskern's Threatened Monocot No

(Rhynchospora knieskernii) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### New Mexico ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Endangered Bird No

(Falco femoralis septentrionalis) Terrestrial

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Cactus, Knowlton Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus knowltonii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Mesa Verde Threatened Dicot No

(Sclerocactus mesae-verdae) Terrestrial

Cactus, Sneed Pincushion Endangered Dicot No

(Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Mancos Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus humillimus) Terrestrial

Minnow, Rio Grande Silvery Endangered Fish Yes

(Hybognathus amarus) Freshwater

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial



### New York ( 11) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No

(Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No

(Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic)

Gerardia, Sandplain Endangered Dicot No

(Agalinis acuta) Terrestrial

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### 265

### New York ( 11) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Fern, American hart's-tongue Threatened Ferns No

(Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Snail, Chittenango Ovate Amber Threatened Gastropod No

(Succinea chittenangoensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### North Carolina ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No

(Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Elktoe, Appalachian Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Alasmidonta raveneliana) Freshwater

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Mussel, Heelsplitter Carolina Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Lasmigona decorata) Freshwater

Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater

Spinymussel, James River Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema collina) Freshwater

Spinymussel, Tar River Endangered Bivalve No

(Elliptio steinstansana) Freshwater

Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No

(Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic)

Avens, Spreading Endangered Dicot No

(Geum radiatum) Terrestrial

Bittercress, Small-anthered Endangered Dicot No

(Cardamine micranthera) Terrestrial

Blazing Star, Heller's Threatened Dicot No

(Liatris helleri) Terrestrial

Bluet, Roan Mountain Endangered Dicot No

(Hedyotis purpurea var. montana) Terrestrial

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### 266

### North Carolina ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No

(Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial

Coneflower, Smooth Endangered Dicot No

(Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial

Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No

(Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Heartleaf, Dwarf-flowered Threatened Dicot No

(Hexastylis naniflora) Terrestrial

Heather, Mountain Golden Threatened Dicot Yes

(Hudsonia montana) Terrestrial

Joint-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No

(Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish

Loosestrife, Rough-leaved Endangered Dicot No

(Lysimachia asperulaefolia) Terrestrial

Meadowrue, Cooley's Endangered Dicot No

(Thalictrum cooleyi) Terrestrial

Pitcher-plant, Mountain Sweet Endangered Dicot No

(Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Pondberry Endangered Dicot No

(Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial

Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial

Sumac, Michaux's Endangered Dicot No

(Rhus michauxii) Terrestrial

Sunflower, Schweinitz's Endangered Dicot No

(Helianthus schweinitzii) Terrestrial

Shiner, Cape Fear Endangered Fish Yes

(Notropis mekistocholas) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Butterfly, Saint Francis' Satyr Endangered Insect No

(Neonympha mitchellii francisci) Terrestrial

Lichen, Rock Gnome Endangered Lichen No

(Gymnoderma lineare) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying Endangered Mammal No

(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) Terrestrial

Manatee, West Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

Arrowhead, Bunched Endangered Monocot No

(Sagittaria fasciculata) Freshwater

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### 267

### North Carolina ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Irisette, White Endangered Monocot No

(Sisyrinchium dichotomum) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial

Sedge, Golden Endangered Monocot No

(Carex lutea) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes

(Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes

(Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater



### North Dakota ( 2) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial



### Ohio ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema clava) Freshwater

Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater

Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No

(Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial

Monkshood, Northern Wild Threatened Dicot No

(Aconitum noveboracense) Terrestrial

Madtom, Scioto Endangered Fish No

(Noturus trautmani) Freshwater

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No

(Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial

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### 268

### Ohio ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Reptile No

(Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial



### Oklahoma ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Vireo, Black-capped Endangered Bird No

(Vireo atricapilla) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Shiner, Arkansas River Threatened Fish Yes

(Notropis girardi) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial



### Oregon ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Owl, Northern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial

Checker-mallow, Nelson's Threatened Dicot No

(Sidalcea nelsoniana) Terrestrial

Daisy, Willamette Endangered Dicot No

(Erigeron decumbens var. decumbens) Terrestrial

Lomatium, Bradshaw's Endangered Dicot No

(Lomatium bradshawii) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Chub, Oregon Endangered Fish No

(Oregonichthys crameri) Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (Snake River Fall Run) Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Salmon, Chinook (Snake River spring/summer) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (Upper Columbia River Spring) Endangered Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Salmon, Chinook (Upper Willamette River) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater

Salmon, Sockeye (Snake River population) Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

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### 269

### Oregon ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Steelhead, (Lower Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Middle Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Steelhead, (Snake River Basin population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Upper Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Steelhead, (Upper Willamette River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater



### Pennsylvania ( 2) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No

(Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Rhode Island ( 4) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Gerardia, Sandplain Endangered Dicot No

(Agalinis acuta) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial



### South Carolina ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No

(Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Warbler, Bachman's Endangered Bird No

(Vermivora bachmanii) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

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### 270

### South Carolina ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No

(Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic)

Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No

(Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial

Coneflower, Smooth Endangered Dicot No

(Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial

Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No

(Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

Heartleaf, Dwarf-flowered Threatened Dicot No

(Hexastylis naniflora) Terrestrial

Loosestrife, Rough-leaved Endangered Dicot No

(Lysimachia asperulaefolia) Terrestrial

Pondberry Endangered Dicot No

(Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial

Sunflower, Schweinitz's Endangered Dicot No

(Helianthus schweinitzii) Terrestrial

Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No

(Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater

Manatee, West Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes

(Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

Whale, Finback Endangered Marine mml No

(Balaenoptera physalus) Saltwater

Whale, Humpback Endangered Marine mml No

(Megaptera novaeangliae) Saltwater

Trillium, Relict Endangered Monocot No

(Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes

(Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater

Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No

(Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial



### South Dakota ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

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### 271

### South Dakota ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial



### Tennessee ( 62) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No

(Mycteria americana) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater

Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater

Kidneyshell, Triangular Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater

Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater

Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema clava) Freshwater

Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater

Mussel, Cumberland Combshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma brevidens) Freshwater

Mussel, Cumberland Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema gibberum) Freshwater

Mussel, Fine-lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes

(Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater

Mussel, Fine-rayed Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Fusconaia cuneolus) Freshwater

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater

Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No

(Obovaria retusa) Freshwater

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater

Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No

(Fusconaia cor) Freshwater

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes

(Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater

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### 272

### Tennessee ( 62) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Pearlymussel, Birdwing Endangered Bivalve No

(Conradilla caelata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No

(Hemistena lata) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Cumberland Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No

(Quadrula intermedia) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Dromedary Endangered Bivalve No

(Dromus dromas) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Green-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Little-wing Endangered Bivalve No

(Pegias fabula) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Orange-footed Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Endangered Bivalve No

(Toxolasma cylindrellus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Tubercled-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Turgid-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma turgidula) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No

(Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater

Pearlymussel, Yellow-blossom Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma florentina florentina) Freshwater

Riffleshell, Tan Endangered Bivalve No

(Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. walkeri)) Freshwater

Crayfish, Nashville Endangered Crustacean No

(Orconectes shoupi) Freshwater

Avens, Spreading Endangered Dicot No

(Geum radiatum) Terrestrial

Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No

(Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial

Coneflower, Tennessee Purple Endangered Dicot No

(Echinacea tennesseensis) Terrestrial

Ground-plum, Guthrie's Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus bibullatus) Terrestrial

Potato-bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No

(Apios priceana) Terrestrial

Rock-cress, Large (=Braun's) Endangered Dicot Yes

(Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. ampla Rollins) Terrestrial

Rock-cress, Small Endangered Dicot Yes

(Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. perstellata Fernald) Terrestrial

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### 273

### Tennessee ( 62) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Rosemary, Cumberland Threatened Dicot No

(Conradina verticillata) Terrestrial

Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial

Chub, Slender Threatened Fish Yes

(Erimystax cahni) Freshwater

Chub, Spotfin Threatened Fish Yes

(Erimonax monachus) Freshwater

Dace, Blackside Threatened Fish No

(Phoxinus cumberlandensis) Freshwater

Darter, Amber Endangered Fish Yes

(Percina antesella) Freshwater

Darter, Bluemask (=jewel) Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma /) Freshwater

Darter, Boulder Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma wapiti) Freshwater

Darter, Duskytail Endangered Fish No

(Etheostoma percnurum) Freshwater

Darter, Slackwater Threatened Fish Yes

(Etheostoma boschungi) Freshwater

Darter, Snail Threatened Fish No

(Percina tanasi) Freshwater

Logperch, Conasauga Endangered Fish Yes

(Percina jenkinsi) Freshwater

Madtom, Smoky Endangered Fish Yes

(Noturus baileyi) Freshwater

Madtom, Yellowfin Threatened Fish Yes

(Noturus flavipinnis) Freshwater

Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No

(Cyprinella caerulea) Freshwater

Shiner, Palezone Endangered Fish No

(Notropis albizonatus) Freshwater

Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No

(Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater

Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No

(Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying Endangered Mammal No

(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) Terrestrial

Grass, Tennessee Yellow-eyed Endangered Monocot No

(Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestrial



### Texas ( 43) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

8/20/2007 10:01:09 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 63 of 71



### 274

### Texas ( 43) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, San Marcos Threatened Amphibian Yes

(Eurycea nana) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Salamander, Texas Blind Endangered Amphibian No

(Typhlomolge rathbuni) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Toad, Houston Endangered Amphibian Yes

(Bufo houstonensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Harvestman, Robber Baron Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Texella cokendolpheri) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Meshweaver, Braken Bat Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Cicurina venii) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Spider, Government Canyon Cave Endangered Arachnid No

(Neoleptoneta microps) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Spider, Madla's Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Cicurina madla) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Spider, Robber Baron Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes

(Cicurina baronia) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Spider, Vesper Cave Endangered Arachnid No

(Cicurina vespera) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Endangered Bird No

(Falco femoralis septentrionalis) Terrestrial

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Prairie-chicken, Attwater's Greater Endangered Bird No

(Tympanuchus cupido attwateri) Terrestrial

Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No

(Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial

Vireo, Black-capped Endangered Bird No

(Vireo atricapilla) Terrestrial

Warbler (=Wood), Golden-cheeked Endangered Bird No

(Dendroica chrysoparia) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Amphipod, Peck's Cave Endangered Crustacean No

(Stygobromus (=Stygonectes) pecki) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Ambrosia, South Texas Endangered Dicot No

(Ambrosia cheiranthifolia) Terrestrial

Ayenia, Texas Endangered Dicot No

(Ayenia limitaris) Terrestrial

8/20/2007 10:01:09 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 64 of 71



### 275

### Texas ( 43) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Cactus, Star Endangered Dicot No

(Astrophytum asterias) Terrestrial

Cactus, Tobusch Fishhook Endangered Dicot No

(Ancistrocactus tobuschii) Terrestrial

Dawn-flower, Texas Prairie (=Texas Bitterweed) Endangered Dicot No

(Hymenoxys texana) Terrestrial

Manioc, Walker's Endangered Dicot No

(Manihot walkerae) Terrestrial

Darter, Fountain Endangered Fish Yes

(Etheostoma fonticola) Freshwater

Gambusia, San Marcos Endangered Fish Yes

(Gambusia georgei) Freshwater

Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No

(Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial

Beetle, Comal Springs Dryopid Endangered Insect No

(Stygoparnus comalensis) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Beetle, Comal Springs Riffle Endangered Insect No

(Heterelmis comalensis) Subterraneous, Freshwater

Beetle, Helotes Mold Endangered Insect Yes

(Batrisodes venyivi) Subterraneous

Rhadine exilis (ncn) Endangered Insect Yes

(Rhadine exilis) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Rhadine infernalis (ncn) Endangered Insect Yes

(Rhadine infernalis) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial

Jaguarundi, Gulf Coast Endangered Mammal No

(Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi cacomitli) Terrestrial

Jaguarundi, Sinaloan Endangered Mammal No

(Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi tolteca) Terrestrial

Ocelot Endangered Mammal No

(Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis) Terrestrial

Wild-rice, Texas Endangered Monocot Yes

(Zizania texana) Freshwater

Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No

(Chelonia mydas) Saltwater

Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes

(Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No

(Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater

Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes

(Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater

8/20/2007 10:01:09 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 65 of 71



### 276

### Texas ( 43) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No

(Caretta caretta) Saltwater



### Utah ( 33) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes

(Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial

Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial

Bear-poppy, Dwarf Endangered Dicot No

(Arctomecon humilis) Terrestrial

Cactus, San Rafael Endangered Dicot No

(Pediocactus despainii) Terrestrial

Cactus, Siler Pincushion Threatened Dicot No

(Pediocactus (=Echinocac tus,=Utahia) sileri) Terrestrial

Cactus, Uinta Basin Hookless Threatened Dicot No

(Sclerocactus glaucus) Terrestrial

Cactus, Winkler Threatened Dicot No

(Pediocactus winkleri) Terrestrial

Cactus, Wright Fishhook Endangered Dicot No

(Sclerocactus wrightiae) Terrestrial

Cycladenia, Jones Threatened Dicot No

(Cycladenia jonesii (=humilis)) Terrestrial

Daisy, Maguire Threatened Dicot No

(Erigeron maguirei) Freshwater

Milk-vetch, Deseret Threatened Dicot No

(Astragalus desereticus) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Heliotrope Threatened Dicot Yes

(Astragalus montii) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Holmgren Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus holmgreniorum) Terrestrial

Milk-vetch, Shivwits Endangered Dicot No

(Astragalus ampullarioides) Terrestrial

Phacelia, Clay Endangered Dicot No

(Phacelia argillacea) Terrestrial

Primrose, Maguire Threatened Dicot No

(Primula maguirei) Terrestrial

Reed-mustard, Barneby Endangered Dicot No

(Schoenocrambe barnebyi) Terrestrial

Reed-mustard, Clay Threatened Dicot No

(Schoenocrambe argillacea) Terrestrial

Reed-mustard, Shrubby Endangered Dicot No

(Schoenocrambe suffrutescens) Terrestrial

Ridge-cress (=Pepper-cress), Barneby Endangered Dicot No

(Lepidium barnebyanum) Terrestrial

8/20/2007 10:01:09 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 66 of 71



### 277

### Utah ( 33) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Townsendia, Last Chance Threatened Dicot No

(Townsendia aprica) Terrestrial

Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila elegans) Freshwater

Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila cypha) Freshwater

Chub, Virgin River Endangered Fish Yes

(Gila seminuda (=robusta)) Freshwater

Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes

(Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

Sucker, June Endangered Fish Yes

(Chasmistes liorus) Freshwater

Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes

(Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater

Woundfin Endangered Fish Yes

(Plagopterus argentissimus) Freshwater

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Prairie Dog, Utah Threatened Mammal No

(Cynomys parvidens) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Ladies'-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No

(Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial

Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes

(Gopherus agassizii) Terrestrial



### Virginia ( 19) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salamander, Shenandoah Endangered Amphibian No

(Plethodon shenandoah) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Woodpecker, Red-cockaded Endangered Bird No

(Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No

(Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater

Isopod, Madison Cave Threatened Crustacean No

(Antrolana lira) Freshwater

Coneflower, Smooth Endangered Dicot No

(Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial

Harperella Endangered Dicot No

(Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater

Joint-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No

(Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish

8/20/2007 10:01:09 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 67 of 71



### 278

### Virginia ( 19) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Rock-cress, Shale Barren Endangered Dicot No

(Arabis serotina) Terrestrial

Sneezeweed, Virginia Threatened Dicot No

(Helenium virginicum) Vernal pool

Sumac, Michaux's Endangered Dicot No

(Rhus michauxii) Terrestrial

Logperch, Roanoke Endangered Fish No

(Percina rex) Freshwater

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No

(Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

Bat, Virginia Big-eared Endangered Mammal Yes

(Corynorhinus (=Plecotus ) townsendii virginianus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No

(Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial

Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No

(Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No

(Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial



### Washington ( 30) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Murrelet, Marbled Threatened Bird Yes

(Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus) Freshwater, Terrestrial, Saltwater

Owl, Northern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes

(Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial

Pelican, Brown Endangered Bird No

(Pelecanus occidentalis) Terrestrial

Catchfly, Spalding's Threatened Dicot No

(Silene spaldingii) Terrestrial

Checker-mallow, Nelson's Threatened Dicot No

(Sidalcea nelsoniana) Terrestrial

Howellia, Water Threatened Dicot No

(Howellia aquatilis) Freshwater

Paintbrush, Golden Threatened Dicot No

(Castilleja levisecta) Terrestrial

Salmon, Chinook (Lower Columbia River) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Salmon, Chinook (Puget Sound) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Salmon, Chinook (Snake River Fall Run) Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

8/20/2007 10:01:09 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 68 of 71



### 279

### Washington ( 30) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Salmon, Chinook (Snake River spring/summer) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Salmon, Chinook (Upper Columbia River Spring) Endangered Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Salmon, Chinook (Upper Willamette River) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater

Salmon, Chum (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Salmon, Chum (Hood Canal Summer population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Salmon, Sockeye (Ozette Lake population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Saltwater, Freshwater, Brackish

Salmon, Sockeye (Snake River population) Endangered Fish No

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Steelhead, (Lower Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Middle Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

Steelhead, (Snake River Basin population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater

Steelhead, (Upper Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Steelhead, (Upper Willamette River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater

Steelhead, Puget Sound Threatened Fish No

(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes

(Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater

Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial

Deer, Columbian White-tailed Endangered Mammal No

(Odocoileus virgin ianus leucurus) Terrestrial

Rabbit, Pygmy Endangered Mammal No

(Brachylagus idahoensis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial



### West Virginia ( 2) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes

(Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

8/20/2007 10:01:10 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 69 of 71



### 280

### West Virginia ( 2) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No

(Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater



### Wisconsin ( 13) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Crane, Whooping Endangered Bird Yes

(Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater

Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes

(Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No

(Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater

Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No

(Lespedeza leptostachya) Terrestrial

Locoweed, Fassett's Threatened Dicot No

(Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea) Terrestrial

Monkshood, Northern Wild Threatened Dicot No

(Aconitum noveboracense) Terrestrial

Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No

(Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial

Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No

(Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect No

(Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial

Lynx, Canada Threatened Mammal No

(Lynx canadensis) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial

Iris, Dwarf Lake Threatened Monocot No

(Iris lacustris) Terrestrial

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No

(Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial



### Wyoming ( 6) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

Butterfly Plant, Colorado Threatened Dicot Yes

(Gaura neomexicana var. coloradensis) Terrestrial

Dace, Moapa Endangered Fish No

(Moapa coriacea) Freshwater

Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No

(Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial

Ferret, Black-footed Endangered Mammal No

(Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial

Mouse, Preble's Meadow Jumping Threatened Mammal Yes

(Zapus hudsonius preblei) Terrestrial

Wolf, Gray Endangered Mammal Yes

(Canis lupus) Terrestrial

8/20/2007 10:01:10 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 70 of 71



### 281

### 282 No species were selected for exclusion.

Dispersed species included in report.

8/20/2007 10:01:10 AM Ver. 2.10.3 Page 71 of 71

# APPENDIX I: Environmental fate and Effects Data

Requirements for Siduron

Table 1. Environmental Fate Data Requirements for Siduron

Guideline

No. Data Requirement MRID No. Study Classification

161-1 Hydrolysis MRID # 41050501 Acceptable

161-2 Photodegradation in Water (pH 7) MRID# 418 11301 Acceptable

161-3 Photodegradation on So il MRID# 41811302 Acceptable

161-4 Photodegradation in a.i.r No Data Waived

162-1 Aerobic Soil Metabolism Study ID#42159601

MRID# 43846701 Acceptable

Acceptable

162-2 Anaerobic Soil Metabo lism MRID# 416182 01 Acceptable

162-3 Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism No Data Waived

162-4 Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism No Data Waived

163-1 Adsorption/Desorptio n MRID# 4811303 Acceptable

163-2 Laboratory Volatility No Data Waived

163-3 Field Volatility No Data Waived

164-1 Terrestrial Field Dissi pation MRID#42535801 Acceptable

165-4 Accumulation in Fish MRID# 41811305 Acceptable

Table 2. Ecological Effects Data Requirements for Siduron

Guideline

No. Data

Requirement Species Formulation Are data

adequate for

ecological risk

assessment? MRID Number

(Study

Classification)

Anas Platyrhynchos

(mallard duck) No data

submitted No data; data

requirment not

fulfilled No data

submitted 71-1

850.2100 Avian Acute Oral

Toxicity

Colinus virginianu

(bobwhite quail) Technical Yes 40991601

Colinus virginianu

(bobwhite quail) Technical Yes 40991602 71-2

850.2200 Avian Subacute

Dietary Toxicity

Anas Platyrhynchos

(mallard duck) Technical Yes 40991603

Colinus virginianu

(bobwhite quail) Technical Yes 43883301 71-4

850.2300 Avian

Reproduction

Toxicity

Anas Platyrhynchos

(mallard duck) No data

submitted No data; data

requirment not

fulfilled No data

submitted

72-1

850.1075 Freshwater Fish

LC 50 Pimephales promelas

(fathead minnow) No data

submitted No data; data

requirment not

fulfilled



### 283Table 2. Ecological Effects Data Requirements for Siduron

Guideline

No. Data

Requirement Are data

MRID Number adequate for

Species Formulation ecological risk (Study

assessment? Classification)

Oncorhynchus mykiss

(rainbow trout) Technical Yes 43324501

Bluegill sunfish Technical No

--

72-2

850.1010 Freshwater

Invertebrate Acute

LC 50 Daphnia magna

(water flea) Technical Yes 43324502

72-3(a)

850.1075 Estuarine/Marine

Fish LC 50 Cyprinodon variegatus

(sheepshead minnow) Technical Yes 43327902

72-3(b)

850.1025 Estuarine/Marine

Invertebrate

(Mollusk) Crassostrea virginica

(eastern oyster) Technical Yes 43385401

72-3(c)

850.1035

850.1045 Estuarine/Marine

Invertebrate

(Mysid) Americamysis bahia

(mysid shrimp) Technical Yes 45868301

72-4 (a)

850.1400 Fish Early

Life-Stage

(Freshwater)

(Marine) Pimephales promelas

(fathead minnow) No data

submitted No data

submitted --

72-4 (b)

850.1300

850.1350 Aquatic

Invertebrate LifeCycle

(Freshwater)

(Marine) Americamysis bahia

(mysid shrimp) No data

submitted No data; data

requirment not

fulfilled --

72-5

850.1500 Fish Full LifeCycle

(Freshwater)

(Marine) No data submitted No data

submitted No data; data

requirment not

fulfilled --

122-1(a)

850.4100 Seed

Germination/

Seedling

Emergence

(Tier I) Monocots and Dicots Technical Not applicable

– Need Tier II

testing --

122-1(b)

850.4150 Vegetative Vigor

(Tier I) Monocots and Dicots Technical No data; data

requirement not

fulfilled --

No data

submitted Not fulfilled

-- 122-2

850.4400 Aquatic Plant

Growth (Tier I) Lemna gibba (duckweed)

No data

submitted Not fulfilled

--



### 284

### 285 Table 2. Ecological Effects Data Requirements for Siduron

Guideline

No. Data

Requirement Species Formulation Are data

adequate for

ecological risk

assessment? MRID Number

(Study

Classification)

123-1(a)

850.4225 Seed

Germination/

Seedling

Emergence

(Tier II) Monocots and Dicots Technical No; there are

insufficient

number of

dicots tested 433854-02

123-1(b)

850.4250 Vegetative Vigor

(Tier II) Monocots and Dicots Technical No data; data

requirement not

fulfilled --

123-2

850.4400 Aquatic Plant

Growth (Tier II) Lemna gibba (duckweed) No data

submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted

Anabaena flos-aquae

(freshwater alga) Technical Yes 42111002

Skeletonema costatum

(marine alga) No data

submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted

Pseudokirchneriella

subcapitata No data

submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted 123-2

850.5400 Algal Plant

Toxicity

(Tier I and Tier II)

Navicula pelliculosa

(freshwater alga) No data

submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted

141-1

850.3020 Honeybee Acute

Contact Toxicity

Test Apis mellifera (honey bee) Technical Yes 00018842

141-2

850.3030 Residues on

Foliage Honeybee

Toxicity Test No data submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted

NonGuideline Honeybee

Feeding Toxicity

Test No Data Submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted

NonGuideline Benthic

Organisms Chironomus riparius

(midge) No data

submitted No data

submitted No data

submitted

NonGuideline Earthworm

Subacute No No data

submitted No data

submitted No data

submittedAPPENDIX J. Summary of Registered Labeled Siduron UsesRegistrant/Reg. No./Formulation%a.i.Use sitesNewly seededin SpringNewly seededprevious FallEstablishedTurfApplicationTimingApplicationMethodBonide/4-146/Granular2.75For use on grasses(a)intendedfor aesthetic purposes orclimatic modification andbeing grown in interiorplantscapes, ornamentalgardens or parks, golf courses,lawns or grounds (not for useon plants being grown for saleor other commercial use, or forseed production)———— 4.8 lbs a.i./A ———Lawn spreader(At least a 0.5 inch ofwater applied by rainfall,irrigation, or hose within3 days of application tocarry product to rootzone)Bonide4-179/Granular7.65For use on established ornewly seeded temperategrasses(a); Professional useonly; not for use on golfgreens or food or feed crops5 lbs a.i./A—— 10 lbs a.i./A ——Established turf andprevious fall seedingsapply in spring beforeemergence of annualweed grasses; newspring seedings applywith seed or as finaloperation followingseedingNot stated on label(At least a 0.5 inch ofwater applied by rainfall,irrigation, or hose within3 days of application tocarry product to rootzone)Scotts/538-60/Granular(withfertilizer)3.1Seeding new lawns orseeding of existing lawns(b)6 lbs a.i./A, followed 30 dayslater by same if crabgrass badprevious year(total 12 lbs a.i./A)Not labeledfor use onestablishedturfApply after seedingDrop spreaders or rotaryspreaders286Registrant/Reg. No./Formulation%a.i. Use sitesNewly seededin SpringNewly seededprevious FallEstablishedTurfApplicationTimingApplicationMethodValueGardensSupply, LLC/769-840Granular4.7Not for commercial turf, grassgrown for seed, researchpurposesLebanonSeaboardCorp./961-297/Granular (withfertilizer)2.4Homeowner or Professionaluse on newly seeded orestablished lawns(a); not foruse on commercial turf, grassgrown for seed, or researchpurposes———— 3.7 lbs a.i./A ————Established lawnsapply after 1stor 2ndmowing in the spring;for seeding apply afterseeding in the springFertilizer Spreader: Dropor Broadcast(water thoroughly within3 days)LebanonSeaboardCorp./961-309/Granular (withfertilizer)4.6Homeowner or Profession useon newly seeded orestablished lawns(a); not foruse on commercial turf, grassgrown for seed, or researchpurposes4 lbs a.i./A, followed by a secondapplication one month later(total 8 lbs a.i./A)8 lbs a.i./Afollowed by asecondapplication onemonth later(total 16 lbsa.i./A)Established lawnsapply after 1stor 2ndmowing in the spring;for seeding apply afterseeding in the spring;followed by a secondapplication one monthlaterFertilizer Spreader: Dropor Broadcast(water thoroughly within3 days)LebanonSeaboardCorp./961-319/Granular (withfertilizer)3.71Use on newly seeded orestablished lawns(a); Not foruse on commercial turf, grassgrown for seed, researchpurposes———— 4.04 lbs a.i./A ————8.1 lbs a.i./AEstablished lawnsapply after 1stor 2ndmowing in the spring;for seeding apply afterseeding in the spring;followed by a secondapplication one monthlaterFertilizer Spreader: Dropor Broadcast(water thoroughly within3 days)VoluntaryPurchasingGroups, Inc./7401-241/Granular(withfertilizer)2.54Use on newly spring seededlawns(b)Label indicatesone bag (ofindeterminatesize) will treat5000 ft2Not labeled for fall seeding orestablished lawnsApply after seeding inthe spring;Fertilizer Spreader: Dropor Broadcast(water thoroughly within3 days)287Registrant/Reg. No./Formulation%a.i. Use sitesNewly seededin SpringNewly seededprevious FallEstablishedTurfApplicationTimingApplicationMethodKnoxFertilizer Co.,Inc./8378-63/Granular (withfertilizer)3.5KnoxFertilizer Co.,Inc./8378-64/Granular4.7Home lawns, golf courses,parks, roadsides, athleticfields, all ornamental andrecreational turf; not for useon commercial turf, grassgrown for seed, researchpurposesSingleapplication: 2-6lbs a.i./ASplit application:3-6 lbs a.i./Afollowed 4 weekslater by 2-3 lbsa.i./A (total 5-9lbs a.i./A)———8-12 lbs a.i./A———Seeding Singleapplication: Apply asfinal operation afterseeding in the spring;Seeding multipleapplication: Apply asfinal operation afterseeding followed 4 wkslater; for establishedand fall seeding;Established and fallseeding: apply once inspringFertilizer Spreader(new spring seedingapply 0.25 to 0.5 inchesof water if it does not rainwithin 3 days ofapplication; establishedturf water 0.25 to 0.5inches after applying)UnitedIndustriesCorp./8660-23/Granular6.4For use on established ornewly seeded grasses(a); Useon golf course turf notrecommended5 lbs a.i./A——— 10 lbs a.i./A ———Bare ground springseeding: apply as finaloperation after seeding;Established lawn, fallseeding or overseedingof established lawnapply in springFertilizer Spreader(water thoroughly with0.5 inch water if does notrain within 3 days)UnitedIndustriesCorp./8660-87/Granular (withfertilizer)3.71For use on established ornewly seeded grasses(a); Forprofessional turf;4.04 lbs a.i./A——— 8.08 lbs a.i./A ———Bare ground springseeding: apply as finaloperation after seeding;Established lawn, fallseeding or overseedingof established lawnapply in springFertilizer Spreader(water thoroughly with0.5 inch water if does notrain within 3 days)TheAndersonsLawnFertilizer Div.9198-50/Granular (withfertilizer)3.5Use on newly seeded orestablished lawns(a); not foruse on commercial turf, grassgrown for seed, researchpurposes4 5 lbs a.i./A—— 8 - 10.1 lbs a.i./A ——Bare ground springseeding: apply as finaloperation after seeding;Established lawn, fallseeding or overseedingof established lawnapply in springFertilizer Spreader(water thoroughly with0.5 inch water if does notrain within 3 days)TheAndersons4.7For use on grasses(a)intendedfor aesthetic purposes or5.1 lbs a.i./Arepeat application——— 10.2 lbs a.i./A ———Bare ground springseeding: apply as finalFertilizer Spreader(water thoroughly with288Registrant/Reg. No./Formulation%a.i. Use sitesNewly seededin SpringNewly seededprevious FallEstablishedTurfApplicationTimingApplicationMethodLawnFertilizerDiv./ 9198-65/Granularclimatic modification andbeing grown in interiorplantscapes, ornamentalgardens or parks, golf courses,lawns or grounds (not for useon plants being grown for saleor other commercial use, or forseed production)4-6 weeks later(total 10.2 lbsa.i./A)operation after seeding;Established lawn, fallseeding or overseedingof established lawnapply in spring0.5 inch water if does notrain within 3 days)TheAndersonsLawnFertilizerDiv./ 9198-181/Granular(withfertilizer)3.1Use on newly seeded orestablished lawns(a); Not forcommercial turf, grass grownfor seed, research purposes5.95 lbs a.i./A--5.95 lbs a.i./Afollowed 4weeks laterwith anotherapplication(totalBare ground spring orsummer seeding: applyas final operation afterseeding (April, May,June); Established turfapply between the 1stand 5thmowing,followed 4 weeks laterSpreader (waterthoroughly moisten soilafter application)289Registrant/Reg. No./Formulation%a.i. Use sitesNewly seededin SpringNewly seededprevious FallEstablishedTurfApplicationTimingApplicationMethodGowan/10163-213/WettablePowder50Turf grown for sod farm andgrass seed production (exceptAZ); golf courses (fairways,greens, tees, aprons), lawns,parks, and ornamentalturfgrass, sport facilities, androadside seedingSingleapplication(c): 2-6lbs a.i./ASplit application:3-6 lbs a.i./Afollowed 4 weekslater by 2-3 lbsa.i./A(total 5 – 9 lbsa.i/A)Sod Farms, grass seedproduction, golf courses, lawns,parks and ornamental turfgrass:8-12 lbs a.i./A in the springfollowed by an additional fallapplication for sod farms andgrass seed production uses or byan additional application 4 weekslater for all other uses, exceptroadside(total 16 – 24 lbs a.i/A)Bentgrass Greens: 10.9 to 21.8lbs a.i./A applied in March andApril followed with subsequentapplications at same rate at 4-5wk intervalsBare ground springseeding: apply aftertillering and after thegrass seedlings havedeveloped an adequatesecondary root system;established turf or fallseeding apply inspring, followed by anadditional fallapplication for sodfarms and grass seed orfor all other usesexcept roadside applyfour weeks laterMethod of application isnot specified for sodfarms and grass seedproduction use. Groundsprayers, pressurizedspray gun equipment,backpack sprayers, boomsprayers and other handoperated sprayers. Mixedwith seed, fertilizer, andmulch and applied withhydraulic seeder orhydroseeder for roadsides(water thoroughly with atleast 0.5 inch of water ifdoes not rain within 3days)HowardJohnson32802-28Granular (withfertilizer)3.71Home lawns, golf courses,parks, roadsides, athleticfields, all ornamental andrecreational turf; not forcommercial turf, grass grownfor seed or researchpurposes(b)4.04 lbs a.i./A———8.1 lbs a.i/A———Bare ground springseeding: apply as finaloperation after seeding;Established lawn, fallseeding or overseedingof established lawnapply in springFertilizer Spreader(a)Temperate region grasses: bluegrass, fescue, redtop, smooth broome, perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass and the following strainsof bentgrass: Penncross,Seaside, Highland, Astona, Nimisila, C-1, C-7, and C-19. Some labels include use on zoysia grass some recommend it not be usedfor this grass.(b)Do not use on lawns of bentgrass, Bermuda grass, zoysia grass, centipede grass, St. Augustine grass, bahia grass, or on dichondra or similar ground covers.(c) Roadside seeding consists of a single application.290APPENDIX K. Aquatic Plant Toxicity Data for Phenylurea HerbicidesNOAEC ResultsNOAEC (ppb)diuronfluometuronlinuronsiduronthidiazurontebuthiuronAchnanthes brevipes (algae)72-hN.R. (S)Amphora exigua (algae)72-hN.R. (S)Anabaena flos-aquae5-d70 (A)*12.8 (A)2800 (S, 72h)0.31 (A, 7d)Chlamydomonas sp. (green algae)72-hN.R.(S)Chlorella sp. (green algae)72-hN.R. (S)Chlorococcum sp. (green algae)72-hN.R. (S)Cyclotella nana (algae)72-hN.R. (S)Dunaliella tertiolecta (green algae)10-dN.R. (S)Isochrysis galbana (algae)10-dN.R. (S)Lemna gibba (duckweed)14-d115 (S)*9.65 (A)3,200 (A, 7d)<66 (A)Monochrysis lutheri (algae)72-hN.R. (S)Navicula incerta (algae)72-hN.R. (S)Navicula pelliculosa (fw diatom)7-d56 (A)Neochloris sp. (green algae)72-hN.R. (S)Nitzschia closterium (algae)72-hN.R. (S)Nitzschia sp. (m diatom)5-d107 (A)Phaeodactylum tricornutum (m diatom)10-dN.R. (S)Platymonas sp.72-hN.R. (S)Porphyridium cruentum (algae)72-hN.R. (S)Selenastrum capricornutum (green algae)5-d0.44 (A, 4d)N.R. (S)180 (A)20 (A)<170 (S)13 (S)Skeletonema costatum (m. diatom)5-d5.35 (A)36 (A)Stauroneis amphoroides (algae)72-hN.R. (S)291292Thalassiosira fluviatilus (diatom)72-hN.R. (S)*Most sensitive value of two or more studiesEC50ResultsEC50 (ppb)diuronfluometuronlinuronsiduronthidiazurontebuthiuronAchnanthes brevipes (algae)72-h24 (S)Amphora exigua (algae)72-h31 (S)Anabaena flos-aquae5-d130 (A)*38.8 (A)6000 (S, 72h)4.06 (A, 7d)Chlamydomonas sp. (green algae)72-h37 (S)Chlorella sp. (green algae)72-h19 (S)Chlorococcum sp. (green algae)72-h10 (S)Cyclotella nana (algae)72-h39 (S)Dunaliella tertiolecta (green algae)10-d20 (S)Isochrysis galbana (algae)10-d10 (S)Lemna gibba (duckweed)14-d220 (S)*27.3 (A)>24,000 (A, 7d)135 (A)Monochrysis lutheri (algae)72-h18 (S)Navicula incerta (algae)72-h93 (S)Navicula pelliculosa (fw diatom)7-d193 (A)Neochloris sp. (green algae)72-h28 (S)Nitzschia closterium (algae)72-h50 (S)Nitzschia sp. (m diatom)5-d312 (A)Phaeodactylum tricornutum (m diatom)10-d10 (S)Platymonas sp.72-h17 (S)Porphyridium cruentum (algae)72-h24 (S)Selenastrum capricornutum (green algae)5-d2.4 (A, 4d)30 (S)306 (A)67 (A)210 (S)50 (A)Skeletonema costatum (m. diatom)5-d35.9 (A)60 (A)Stauroneis amphoroides (algae)72-h31 (S)Thalassiosira fluviatilus (diatom)72-h95 (S)Most sensitive value of two or more studies