( Adopted: 02/22/95; Amended: 09/28/09)

MDAQMD Rule 1159 1159-1 Stationary Gas Turbines 

## RULE 1159

Stationary Gas Turbines

(A) General

(1) Purpose:
(a) The purpose of this rule is to limit the emissi on of oxides of nitrogen from commercial, industrial and institutional Stationary Gas Turbines.
(2) Applicability:
(a) This rule applies to any new or existing non-ut ility, commercial, industrial or institutional Stationary Gas Turbine of 0.3 mega watt (MW) and larger unless the equipment is exempt from this rule pursu ant to Section (D) of this rule.



### (B) Definitions

(1) “Air Pollution Control Officer (APCO) ” – The person appointed to the position of Air Pollution Control Officer of the District pursu ant to the provisions of California Health & Safety Code §40750, and his or her designee.
(2) “Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS) ” – All of the equipment that may be required to meet the data acquisition and av ailability requirements of this rule, to sample, condition (if applicable), analyze , and provide a record of emissions on a continuous basis.

(3) “Dry Low NO X Combustion Technology (DLN) ” – Any turbine combustor design which uses multiple staging, air/fuel premixing or other modifications to achieve lower levels of NO X emissions as compared to conventional combustors.
(4) “Emission Control System Operating Parameters ” – Any operating parameter(s) that the District deems necessary to analyze for th e determination of compliance. Such parameters include, but are not limited to, th e ammonia and gas flow rates, the exhaust temperature for the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), humidity, water injection rate, exhaust gas flow rate and the temperature for water injection.
(5) “Emergency Standby Unit ” – Any Stationary Gas Turbine that operates as a mechanical or electrical power source for a facilit y only when the primary power source has been rendered inoperable due to failure beyond the reasonable control of the operator. A power interruption pursuant to a voluntary interruptible power supply agreement is not to be considered as an emer gency loss of primary power. Electricity generated by such a unit cannot be sold

.1159-2 MDAQMD Rule 1159 Stationary Gas Turbines (6) “Emission Control Equipment ” – Add-on technologies which control the turbine's emissions, including, but not limited to, Selective Catalytic Control (SCR), water injection, steam injection, but excluding DLN.
(7) “Enhanced Emissions Monitoring Device ” – Any automated data recording device or system having both data gathering and retrieval capabilities. Such equipment includes, but is not limited to, Continuous Emissio ns Monitoring Systems (CEMS) and Predictive Emissions Monitoring Systems (PEMS).
(8) “Higher Heating Value (HHV) ” – The Higher Heating Value of the fuel.
(9) “Lower Heating Value (LHV) ” – The Lower Heating Value of the fuel.

(10) “Measured NO X Emissions Concentration ” – The concentration of oxides of nitrogen corrected to International Standards Organ ization (ISO) standard conditions:

NO X = (NO X obs)(Pref/Pobs) 0.5 (288 K/Tamb) 1.53 (e 19(Hobs-0.00633) )

Where: NO X = emissions of NO X at 15 percent oxygen and ISO standard

conditions on a dry basis, ppm. NO X obs = measured NO X emissions corrected to 15 percent oxygen on a dry basis, ppm. Pref = standard reference pressure, (14.696 psia). Pobs = measured site ambient absolute pressure, psi a. Hobs = measured humidity of ambient air, pounds wat er per pound dry air. e = transcendental constant (2.718) Tamb = measured temperature of ambient air, degrees K.

or an alternate calculation that corrects to ISO s tandard conditions

and is approved by the APCO.
(11) “Power Augmentation ” – An increase in the gas turbine shaft output and /or the decrease in gas turbine fuel consumption by the add ition of energy recovered from exhaust heat.
(12) “Predictive Emissions Monitoring System (PEMS) ” – All of the equipment necessary to monitor process and control device ope rational parameters (for example, control device secondary voltages and elec tric currents) and other information (for example, gas flow rate, O 2 or CO 2 concentrations), and calculate and record the mass emissions rate (for example, lb /hr) on a continuous basis.

(13) “Public Service Unit ” – A Stationary Gas Turbine used to generate elect ricity for sale or for use in serving the public.MDAQMD Rule 1159 1159-3

Stationary Gas Turbines (14) “Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT ) ” – The lowest emission limitation that a particular source is capable of m eeting by the application of control technology that is reasonably available con sidering technological and economic feasibility.
(15) “Rating ” – The continuous megawatt (MW) Rating or mechanic al equivalent by a manufacturer for gas turbine(s) without Power Augme ntation.
(16) “Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) ” – A noncombustion control technology that destroys NO X by injecting a reducing agent (e.g., ammonia) into the flue gas that, in the presence of a catalyst (e.g., vanadium , titanium, or zeolite), converts NO X into molecular nitrogen and water.

(17) “Shutdown Period ” – The period of time during which a unit is taken fro m an operational to a non-operational status by allowing it to cool down from its operating temperature to ambient temperature as the fuel supp ly to the unit is completely turned off.
(18) “Startup Period ” – The period of time during which a unit is broug ht from a Shutdown status to its operating temperature and pr essure, including the time required by the unit’s emission control system to r each full operation.
(19) “Stationary Gas Turbine or Unit ” – Any gas turbine system that is gas and/or liquid fueled with or without Power Augmentation. This unit is either attached to a foundation at a facility or is portable equipment operated at a specific facility for more than 90 days in any 12-month period. Two or m ore gas turbines powering one shaft shall be treated as one unit.

(20) “Thermal Stabilization Period ” – The Startup or Shutdown Period necessary to bring the heat recovery steam generator to the prop er operating temperature, not to exceed two hours.
(21) “Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) ” – Any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, met allic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium carbonate, which participates in atmos pheric photochemical reactions and those compounds listed in 40 CFR 51.1 00(s)(1).



### (C) Standards

(1) The owner or operator of any affected Stationar y Gas Turbine Unit shall not operate such unit under load conditions, excluding the Thermal Stabilization Period and Startup and Shutdown Periods which resul ts in the Measured NO X Emissions Concentration exceeding the emissions lim its set forth below:
(a) For Stationary Gas Turbines which are not subje ct to the alternative federal NO X RACT limits of Subsection (C)(1)(b) and (c), the f ederal NO X and Carbon Monoxide (CO) RACT limits in Table 1 app ly:1159-4 MDAQMD Rule 1159 Stationary Gas Turbines Table 1 NO X and CO Compliance Limits

NO X Compliance Limit, ppmv at 15% Oxygen Control Operating

hours per year Rating
Gas Fuel Liquid Fuel CO Compliance Limit, ppmv at 15% Oxygen SCR + DLN > 877 > 10 MW 5 25 200 DLN > 877 2 – 10 MW 25 65 200

SCR > 877 2 – 10 MW (no DLN available) 35 65 200

DLN > 877 < 2 MW 42 50 250 SCR or DLN < 877 > 10 MW 25 42 200

(b) For the Southern California Gas Company Turbine Model LM 1500, the following alternative federal NO X RACT limit shall apply:
(i) 90 ppmv NO X when fired with gaseous fuel.
(c) For the Southern California Gas Company Turbine General Electric Model Frame 3, the following alternative federal NO X RACT limit shall apply:
(i) 225 ppmv NO X when fired with gaseous fuel, achieved through good combustion practices.
(d) For the Westend Model PQ 5191, the following al ternative federal NO X RACT limit shall apply:
(i) 42 ppmv NO X achieved with an SCR when fired with gaseous fuel.
(e) For the purposes of these emissions limits the following conventions are applicable:
(i) Gas includes natural, digester and landfill gas es. (ii) Oil includes kerosene, jet fuel, and distillat e. The sulfur content of the oil shall be less than 0.05%. (iii) NO X = emissions of NO X , in ppmv, corrected to 15 percent oxygen and ISO standard conditions on a dry basis, average d over any consecutive 15 minute period.
(2) The owner or operator of any Stationary Gas Tur bine subject to (C)(1)(a) shall submit to the APCO for approval, an Emission Contro l Plan (ECP) for the purpose of establishing compliance with provisions of this rule.
(3) The owner or operator of any Stationary Gas Tur bine subject to (C)(1) shall minimize emissions insofar as technologically feasi ble during Thermal Stabilization Periods.MDAQMD Rule 1159 1159-5

Stationary Gas Turbines 

### (D) Exemptions

(1) The provisions of Section (C) of this rule shal l not apply to the operation of:
(a) Laboratory units used in research and testing f or the advancement of gas turbine technology.
(b) Units operated exclusively for fire fighting an d/or flood control.
(c) Stationary Gas Turbines operating as an electri c utility which are subject to Rule 1158.
(2) The provisions of this rule, with the exception of Section (F)(2), shall not apply to the operation of Stationary Gas Turbines used under the following conditions:
(a) Emergency Standby Units demonstrated to operate less than 200 hours per calendar year.

(b) Portable, turntable, or track mounted turbines whose operation generates intermittent, high velocity air flow for live fire sustainability, lethality, aerodynamic, cookoff, or remote control operation t esting only.
(3) The provisions of section (F)(1) and (H) shall not apply to the Southern California Gas Company Turbine General Electric Model Frame 3.



### (E) Administrative Requirements

(1) The Emission Control Plan (ECP) required pursua nt to section (C)(2) shall, at a minimum, include the following information if such information is applicable:
(a) A list of all Stationary Gas Turbines required to be controlled pursuant to this rule.
(b) For each Stationary Gas Turbine listed:

(i) District identification number, and District Pe rmit to Operate number; (ii) Name of the gas turbine manufacturer; (iii) Equipment model number; (iv) Manufacturer's rated shaft power output (MW); (v) Type of liquid fuel and/or type of gaseous fuel ; (vi) HHV for each fuel; (vii) Heat rate ((Btu/kW-hr), corrected to the HHV) for each type of fuel (gas or liquid) for each turbine; (viii) Monthly fuel consumption for the previous tw elve-month period (cubic feet for gas; gallons for liquid); (ix) Monthly hours of operation in the previous twe lve-month period;1159-6 MDAQMD Rule 1159 Stationary Gas Turbines (x) The type of NO X x Emission Control Equipment, including any auxiliary equipment related to the control of emiss ions, to be applied; (xi) Documentation showing the current (existing) c oncentration and mass rate of emissions of oxides of nitrogen from t he unit; (xii) A schedule with specified increments of progr ess dates for construction of Emission Control Equipment, operati onal milestones for implementation of emissions control and/or installation of monitoring equipment; and (xiii) A final compliance date.



### (F) Monitoring and Recordkeeping Requirements

(1) The owner or operator of any Stationary Gas Tur bine required to install Emissions Control Equipment for compliance with this rule sha ll:
(a) Install, operate, and maintain in calibration, the following monitoring equipment, as approved by the APCO:
(i) Continuous measurement and recording of Emissio ns Control System Operating Parameters; (ii) Continuous measurement and recording of elapse d time of operation; and (iii) An Enhanced Emissions Monitoring Device.
(b) Notify the APCO, in writing, before issuance of the Permit To Operate, such information which correlates the Emission Cont rol System Operating Parameters, and PEMS if present, to the associated measured NO X emissions output. This information will be used to determine compliance with applicable provisions of this rule for non-CEM S-equipped turbines and CEMS-equipped units when the CEMS is not operat ing properly.
(c) Provide, on an annual basis, compliance testing data and information regarding NO X emissions. The data shall be corrected to ISO con ditions and at 15 percent oxygen on a dry basis; and the pe rcent efficiency (EFF) of each turbine unit.
(2) The owner/operator of any Stationary Gas Turbin e shall:
(a) On a daily basis, maintain a turbine operating log that includes, as a minimum, the following information:
(i) The total hours of operation per day; (ii) The accumulated hours of operation per calenda r month; (iii) The type and quantity of fuel used; and (iv) The nature of operation of the unit (exempt or non-exempt).MDAQMD Rule 1159 1159-7

Stationary Gas Turbines

(b) The operating log required to be kept pursuant to this rule shall be kept current and on site for a minimum of two years; and provided to District or state personnel on request.



### (G) Notification Requirements for Exempt and Emerge ncy Standby Units

(1) Any Stationary Gas Turbine unit which is exempt or claimed to be exempt pursuant to subsection (D)(2) shall:
(a) Notify the APCO within seven (7) days if the ho ur-per-year threshold is exceeded.
(i) If the hour-per-year threshold is exceeded, the exemption pursuant to subsection (D)(2) shall be permanently withdrawn

. (ii) If the hour-per-year threshold is exceeded the owner/operator shall, within 30 days of the notification, submit an appli cation for a Permit to Operate to the District. Such application shall including a plan detailing actions and a schedule of progress t o meet the applicable RACT limits and provisions of this rule within 18 months after the date of the notification; an Emiss ion Control Plan conforming to the requirements of Section (E) for t he emissions control equipment.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections (F)( 2) and (G)(1) above, A Public Service Unit shall not be subject to the hour-per-y ear threshold when:
(a) Such unit is operating during a state of emerge ncy declared by a proclamation of the Governor of the State of Califo rnia; and
(b) Such unit is located within the specific geogra phic location identified in the state of emergency proclamation.



### (H) Test Methods

(1) Compliance testing shall be subject to the prot ocols prescribed in the District's Compliance Procedural Manual.
(2) The following test methods shall be used to det ermine compliance with the provisions of this rule.

(a) NO X emissions shall be determined by EPA Test Method 2 0.
(b) The Higher Heating Value (HHV) and the Lower He ating Value (LHV) shall be determined by the appropriate method for t he fuel type listed below:1159-8 MDAQMD Rule 1159 Stationary Gas Turbines (i) For liquid fuels: a. ASTM Test Method D 240-87 (Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by B omb Calorimeter). (ii) For distillate fuel: a. ASTM Test Method D 2382-88 (Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter - High Precision Method); or , (iii) For gaseous fuels: a. ASTM Test Method D 3588-91 (Standard Practice fo r Calculation Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Gaseous Fuel s); or b. ASTM Test Method D 1826-88 (Standard test Method for Caloric (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Ran ge by Continuous Recording Calorimeter); or c. ASTM Test Method D 1945-81 (Standard Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography).



### (I) Compliance Schedule

(1) The owner/operator of any existing Stationary G as Turbine subject to the provisions of Section (C)(1)(a) above shall comply with the following increments of progress:

(a) An Emissions Control Plan shall be submitted to the District within 90 days of rule adoption. The District shall approve the Plan within 30 days of submission.
(b) Any affected turbine shall be in full complianc e with all applicable provisions of the rule within 12 months of rule ado ption.
(c) Demonstrate final compliance with all applicabl e standards and requirements of the rule within six months of the i nstallation of the NOX reduction technology.
(2) The owner/operator of any new Stationary Gas Tu rbine subject to the provisions of Section (C) shall comply as of the date of adopt ion of this rule.

[SIP: Submitted as amended mm/dd/yy on mm/dd/yy; Ap proved 4/9/96, 61 FR 15719, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(216)(I)(A)(3)]