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ast :nergy Standar

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Summary of omm nts 

Ballast Energy Standards 
Ballast Energy Standards

General Comments

•Analysis is badly flawed and overestimates the

benefits -

•Burdens of standards are overstated because sales

of less magnetic ballasts may increase, for

example, new firms may enter magnetic ballast

market - ACEEE

•Heat rates are overestimated - EEI

•Publish a proposed rule as soon as possible -

ACEEE

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy tandards 

General Comments 

• Analysis is badly flawed and overestimates the 

benefits - NEMA 

• Burdens of standards are overstated because sales 

of less magnetic ballasts may increase, for 

example, new firms may enter magnetic ballast 

market - ACEEE 

• Heat rates are overestimated - EEl 

• Publish a proposed rule as soon as possible -

ACEEE 
Ballast Energy ,standards

general Comments

•Changes to the standard are not justified - NE

•Electronic standards are economically justified

C and ACEEE

•Standards aren't necessary since the market is

shifting to electronic ballasts - NEMA

•Standards are necessary because of the large

energy savings - ACEEE

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy tandards 

General Comments 

-Changes to the standard are not justified -- MA 

-Electronic standards are economically justified -

NRDC and ACEEE 

-Standards aren't necessary since the market is 

shifting to electronic ballasts ... NEMA 

·Standards are necessary because of the large 

energy savings - ACEEE 
Ballast Energy Standards

Comparison of T12 to T8

• DOE improperly compares T12 and T8 ballasts -

• DOE should examine T12 and T8 consumer

choice - ACEEE, NRDC and Oregon

• DOE should examine T12 and T8 separately -

Motorola and Osram Sylvania

• LCC analysis accommodates concerns by having

separate analyses - ACEEE

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy Standards 

Comparison ofT12 to T8 

• DOE improperly compares TI2 and T8 ballasts --

NEMA 

• DOE should examine TI2 and T8 consumer 

choice - ACEEE, NRDC and Oregon 

• DOE should examine TI2 and T8 separatelyMotorola and Osram Sylvania 

• LCC analysis accommodates concerns by having 

separate analyses - ACEEE 
:^,,,allast Energy

L'r3rice-Efficiency

• Ballast prices are too high due to use of fixture

data that cannot be sustained if standard is set -

C

• Ballast price methodology is badly flawed and not

credible - NEMA

• ?^0E should use prices NEMA derived from 1997

analysis - NEMA

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy Standards 

Price-Efficiency 

• Ballast prices are too high due to use of fixture 

data that cannot be sustained if standard is set -

NRDC 

• Ballast price methodology is badly flawed and not 

credible - NEMA 

• DOE should use prices NEMA derived from 1997 

analysis - NEMA 
Ballast Energy Standards

Ballast Prices

MIN

Ballast Magnetic Cathode

Cutout

1F40T12

(NEMA)

$11.69 $17.60

1F40T12

(DOE)

$13.41 $20.25

2F40T12

(NEMA)

$11.43 $16.32

2F40T12

(DOE)

$13.17 $22.21

Electronic

Rapid Start

$27.4 1

$26.27

$27.57

$24.57

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy tandards 

Ballast Prices 

Ballast Magnetic Cathode 

Cutout 

IF40Tl2 $11.69 $17.60 

(NEMA) 

1F40T12 $13.41 $20.25 

(DOE) 

2F40T12 $11.43 $16.32 

(NEMA) 

2F40T12 $13.17 $22.21 

(DOE) 

Electronic 

Rapid Start 

$27.41 

$26.27 

$27.57 

$24.57 
allast Energy:tandards

2- allast f"^,xes

WIMPININ

Ballast Electronic

Rapid Start

1F32T8

(NEMA)

$24.72

1F32T8

(DOE)

$20.10

2F32T8

(NEMA)

$24.62

2F32T8

(DOE)

$21.54

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy tandards 

Ballast Prices 

Ballast 

1F32T8 

(NEMA) 

1F32T8 

(DOE) 

2F32T8 

(NEMA) 

2F32T8 

(DOE) 

Electronic 

Rapid Start 

$24.72 

$20.10 

$24.62 

$21.54 
Ballast Energy Stan6ards

Electricity Prices

• DOE didn't use marginal electricity prices -

• Electricity prices for magnetic ballast purchasers

are lower than the national average - NEMA

• DOE should calculate marginal energy prices and

marginal demand price - EEI

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy Standards 

Electricity Prices 

• DOE didn't use marginal electricity prices -

NEMA 

• Electricity prices for magnetic ballast purchasers 

are lower than the national average .... NEMA 

• DOE should calculate marginal energy prices and 

marginal demand price .. EEl 
Ballast Energy Standards

Life-Cycle-Cost

• The analysis is complete and thorough - ACEEE

• DOE introduces impermissible definition of new

classes - NEMA

• Coefficients of utilization and normalization of

fixture watts are flawed - NE

• DOE should use discount rates of 4, 8, 12, 16 and

28 percent - NE

• No magnetic ballast purchasers can be "winners" -

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy Standards 

Life-Cycle-Cost 

• The analysis is complete and thorough ... ACEEE 

• DOE introduces impermissible definition of new 

classes - NEMA 

• Coefficients of utilization and normalization of 

fixture watts are flawed -- NEMA 

• DOE should use discount rates of 4, 8, 12, 16 and 

28 percent - NEMA 

• No magnetic ballast purchasers can be "winners" "" 

NEMA 
Ballast Energy Standards

Life-Cycle-Cost

0

Metric Range for Electronic Range for Electronic

Std. Considering only Std. Considering only

T12

DOE Life Cycle Cost

Savings ($/ballast)

0®27 16®77

NEMA Life Cycle

Cost Savings

($/ballast)

(11)-30 10-24

DOE Life Cycle Cost

Winners (%)

45- 98 98 -1 00

NEMA Life Cycle

Cost Winners (%)

3.2- 90.6 60 .1- 99 .5

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

. Ballast Energy Standards 

Life-Cycle-Cost 

Metric 

DOE Life Cycle Cost 

Savings ($/ballast) 

NEMA Life Cycle 

Cost Savings 

($/ballast) 

DOE Life Cycle Cost 

Winners (%) 

. NEMA Life Cycle 

Cost Winners (%) 

Range for Electronic Range for Electronic 

Std. Considering only Std. Considering only 

T12 T8 

0-27 16-77 

(11)-30 10 - 24 

45 - 98 98 - 100 

3.2 - 90.6 60.1 - 99.5 
allast Energy 'Aandards

E'nerav Sav'-.. I s' & I

&IMINNOM

• Spreadsheet does not function in four scenarios -

• Inappropriate to include indirect HVAC impacts -

NE

• Electricity prices, ballast prices and coefficient of

utilization are flawed - NE

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy Standards 

Energy Savin s PV 

• Spreadsheet does not function in four scenarios -

NEMA 

• Inappropriate to include indirect HV AC impacts -

NEMA 

• Electricity prices, ballast prices and coefficient of 

utilization are flawed - NEMA 
Ballast Energy Standards

Energy Savings & NPV

• Base case forecast of increasing share of electronic

ballasts is optimistic - ACEEE

• Electronic ballasts represent 55% of ballast

shipments and 63% of new construction,

renovations and retrofits - NE

• DOE should not consider shift to T8's - NE

• Energy savings are significant - ACEEE

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy Standards 

Energy Savings & NPV 

• Base case forecast of increasing share of electronic 

ballasts is optimistic - ACEEE 

• Electronic ballasts represent 55% of ballast 

shipments and 63% of new construction, 

renovations and retrofits ... NEMA 

• DOE should not consider shift to T8' s ... NEMA 

• Energy savings are significant - ACEEE 
Ballast Energy "a

Energy Savings

dards

& I ITJ`^Iv I'L

Metric Range for Electronic Range for

Std. Considering only Consi

T12

d

Electronic

ering only

DOE Energy Savings

(quads)

1.04 -1.84 2. 04 -3.6 1

NEMA Energy

Savings (quads)

1.04 -1.84 1.59 -2. 8 1

DOE Net Present

Value ($billion)

1. 0 1- 1.60 3.1 8 -5.05

NEMA Net Present

Value ($billion)

0.46-0.71 1.44-2.27

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy 

Energy avings 

tandards 

PV 

Metric 

DOE Energy Savings 

(quads) 

NEMAEnergy 

Savings (quads) 

DOE Net Present 

Value ($billion) 

NEMA Net Present 

Value ($billion) 

Range for Electronic Range for Electronic 

Std. Considering only Std. Considering only 

T12 T8 

1.04 - 1.84 2.04 - 3.61 

1.04 - 1.84 1.59 - 2.81 

1.01 - 1.60 3.18-5.05 

0.46 - 0.71 1.44 - 2.27 
Ballast Energy Standards

Manufacturer u rn pacts

• Manufacturer impact analysis shows substantial

and decisive adverse impacts - NEMA

• Manufacturers will sustain steep cash flow drops -

NEMA

• Loss of $100 million of manufacturer net present

value a few percent of national benefits NRDC

• Manufacturer impacts are overestimated because a

new entrant would lower the industry's

profitability - ACEEE

• Adverse impacts limited to manufacturers that

currently produce magnetic ballasts - NRDC

• DOE should analyze impacts on lamp and

luminaire manufacturers - NEMA

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy Standards 

Manufacturer Impacts 

• Manufacturer impact analysis shows substantial 

and decisive adverse impacts - NEMA 

• Manufacturers will sustain steep cash flow drops - NEMA 

• Loss of $1 00 million of manufacturer net _P£e~ent 

value a few percent of national benefits ... NRDC 

• Manufacturer impacts are overestimated because a 

new entrant wouId lower the industry's profitability .. ACEEE 

• Adverse impacts limited to manufacturers that 

currently produce magnetic ballasts - NRDC 

• DOE should analyze impacts on lamp and 

luminaire manufacturers - NEMA 
Ballast Energy 3tandards

Manufacturer Impa.

• Five, possibly six, plants would be closed -

NE

• Only one U.S. ballast plant adversely affected -

ACEEE

• Impact of specific plant closures cannot be made

up by expected expansion at others - NEMADirect

job loss should be balanced against indirect job

gains - NRDC and ACEEE

• Direct job loss is not balanced by new, indirect,

employment elsewhere - NEMA

EE-RM-97-500 COMMENT 68EE

Ballast Energy Standards 

Manufacturer Impacts 

• Five, possibly six, plants would be closed -

MA 

• Only one U.S. ballast plant adversely affected .. 

ACEEE 

• Impact of specific plant closures cannot be made 

up by expected expansion at others ... NEMADirect 

job loss should be balanced against indirect job 

gains ... NRDC and ACEEE 

• Direct job loss is not balanced by new, indirect, 

employment elsewhere .. NEMA