NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

RALPH E. BARRETT, 

Plaintiff-Appellant, 

 v. 

ANDREW M. SAUL, Commissioner of 

Social Security, 

Defendant-Appellee.

No. 18-36090 

D.C. No. 3:17-cv-06027-MAT 

MEMORANDUM*

Appeal from the United States District Court

for the Western District of Washington

Mary Alice Theiler, Magistrate Judge, Presiding

Submitted September 3, 2020**

Seattle, Washington

Before: McKEOWN and VANDYKE, Circuit Judges, and CALDWELL,***

District Judge.

Ralph E. Barrett appeals the district court’s order affirming the Social Security

Commissioner’s denial of disability and supplemental security income benefits. We

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 

Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See

Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).

*** The Honorable Karen K. Caldwell, United States District Judge for the Eastern District of 

Kentucky, sitting by designation.

FILED

DEC 24 2020

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
2 

have jurisdiction over this appeal under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. Because the 

Administrative Law Judge’s (“ALJ”) decision was supported by substantial 

evidence, we affirm.1

We review the district court’s order “de novo to ensure that the

Commissioner’s decision was supported by substantial evidence and a correct

application of the law.” Valentine v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 574 F.3d 685,

690 (9th Cir. 2009) (internal alterations and citation omitted). “This is a highly 

deferential standard of review,” id., “and if evidence exists to support more than

one rational interpretation, we must defer to the Commissioner’s decision.” Batson 

v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F.3d 1190, 1193 (9th Cir. 2004).

The consensus among the majority of Barrett’s medical examiners was that 

Barrett can perform tasks commonly associated with light work.

2

 The ALJ gave 

great weight to most of the medical examiners’ opinions, discounting only the

aspects that were not consistent with the examination findings or the record. Bray 

v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 554 F.3d 1219, 1228 (9th Cir. 2009) (concluding 

that “[t]he ALJ need not accept the opinion of any physician ... if that opinion is 

1 The ALJ’s decision is the final decision of the Commissioner because the Appeals Council denied 

Barrett’s request for review on October 24, 2017.

2 Only Nurse Garrison found Barrett unable to meet the demands of sedentary work, which seems 

to suggest that she thought Barrett was disabled. 
3 

brief, conclusory, and inadequately supported by clinical findings” (citing Thomas 

v. Barnhart, 278 F.3d 947, 957 (9th Cir. 2002)).

1. The ALJ afforded appropriate weight to the opinions of Barrett’s examining 

physicians Dr. Jennifer Irwin and Dr. Rebecca Speckman.3

a. Dr. Irwin 

The ALJ accorded great weight to almost all of Dr. Irwin’s opinion, but she 

accorded little weight to one aspect of the opinion where Dr. Irwin stated that Barrett 

“would have difficulty dealing with the usual stress encountered in a workplace at 

this time.” The ALJ explained that this aspect of Dr. Irwin’s opinion was not 

supported by the treatment notes or by Dr. Irwin’s own examination findings. See 

20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1527(c)(3)–(4), 416.927(c)(3)–(4); Tommasetti v. Astrue, 533 F.3d 

1035, 1041 (9th Cir. 2008) (determining that an ALJ may reject an opinion upon 

finding it inconsistent with the medical record). The treatment notes show that 

Barrett told Dr. Irwin that he can concentrate and finish tasks at an acceptable pace, 

and Dr. Irwin observed that Barrett demonstrated a cooperative attitude, logical 

thought processes, normal speech, and could perform three-step tasks. The ALJ also 

3 Barrett also argues that the ALJ improperly rejected the opinion of his treating nurse practitioner, 

Garrison, who opined that Barrett could not even perform full-time sedentary work. The ALJ 

found this aspect of the opinion lacking in both explanation and support in the medical evidence. 

Nurse Garrison’s opinion contradicted statements by Barrett himself, and Drs. Speckman and Hale 

and Nurse Garrison failed to explain why Barrett’s impairments prevented the performance of the 

standing and walking requirements for most light jobs. The ALJ did not err in rejecting Nurse 

Garrison’s conclusory, unsupported opinion. See Bray, 554 F.3d at 1228.
4 

pointed out that Dr. Irwin said that Barrett could maintain regular attendance and 

complete a normal work schedule. These reasons for giving less weight to one aspect 

of Dr. Irwin’s opinion are specific and legitimate, Bayliss v. Barnhart, 427 F.3d 

1211, 1216 (9th Cir. 2005), and thus merit our deference. Batson, 359 F.3d at 1193.

b. Dr. Speckman

While mistakenly purporting to reject a part of Dr. Speckman’s opinion, the 

ALJ effectively adopted it in full. The ALJ purported to give less weight to the 

limitations Dr. Speckman described with respect to Barrett’s upper left extremity, 

but Dr. Speckman only opined on Barrett’s upper right extremity limitations. Thus, 

the ALJ actually gave full weight to the entirety of Dr. Speckman’s opinion, and the 

ALJ’s misstatement about Dr. Speckman’s opinion constituted harmless error 

because it did not affect the ALJ’s decision. See Marsh v. Colvin, 792 F.3d 1170, 

1172 (9th Cir. 2015).4 

2. The ALJ reasonably determined that the medical evidence did not support

Barrett’s testimony about his symptoms and limitations. Barrett testified that “he 

has difficulty lifting, bending, and reaching, but he noted no significant problems 

sitting, standing, or walking.” Barrett’s written statement says that his right shoulder 

will dislocate if he lifts more than ten pounds, but he testified that he could lift up to

4 Nor did the ALJ err by giving great weight to Dr. Hale’s opinion that Barrett can lift or carry 20 

pounds occasionally and ten pounds frequently. Dr. Hale’s opinion is generally consistent with 

the medical evidence and physical limitations set forth by Dr. Speckman and the record as a whole. 
5 

40 pounds before his right shoulder would begin to dislocate—despite his doctor’s 

instructions to not lift more than 20 pounds. And although the medical evidence 

shows a back disorder, Barrett reported tingling but no major problems with sitting, 

standing, or walking. He also “continues to use his right arm for most tasks” despite 

his doctor telling him not to do so. Additionally, he “did not testify to any significant 

mental health limitations that would impact his ability to perform full time work,” 

and he failed to state “a reason why he could not perform the gate guard occupation 

identified by the vocational expert” (“VE”) after having an opportunity to reflect 

upon his impairments and limitations.

The ALJ rationally interpreted the evidence and drew appropriate inferences. 

See Sample v. Schweiker, 694 F.2d 639, 642 (9th Cir. 1982). The incongruity 

between Barrett’s testimony and the medical evidence, as well as his sporadic 

adherence to prescribed treatment, are clear and convincing reasons that support the 

ALJ’s decision to disregard portions of his testimony. See Burch v. Barnhart, 400 

F.3d 676, 681 (9th Cir. 2005).

3. Barrett makes several related claims pertaining to the ALJ’s residual 

functional capacity (“RFC”) assessment and subsequent findings. First, he contends 

the ALJ erred in assessing his RFC by not including all of the limitations described 

by Dr. Irwin, Dr. Speckman, and Nurse Garrison, as well as the limitations Barrett 

described. Second, Barrett argues that the ALJ erred in her step five finding by 
6 

relying on the RFC assessment. Finally, Barrett contends that the VE failed to 

adequately explain how an individual who cannot use his dominant arm for lifting, 

carrying, pushing, or pulling could perform the jobs of a gate guard and sales 

attendant. 

The ALJ appropriately weighted the medical opinions and provided clear and 

convincing reasons for disregarding portions of Barrett’s testimony. See Valentine, 

574 F.3d at 693. Thus, the ALJ did not err in assessing Barrett’s RFC or relying on 

the RFC at step five.

At step five, the ALJ’s hypothetical “to the VE contained all of the limitations 

that the ALJ found credible and supported by substantial evidence in the record.” 

Bayliss, 427 F.3d at 1217. The ALJ properly relied on the VE’s testimony in 

response to the hypothetical in which the VE identified light work jobs for onearmed people, such as a gate guard or sales attendant, even though the Dictionary of 

Occupational Titles does not account for the use of only the non-dominant left upper 

extremity. Because the ALJ’s decision is supported by substantial evidence, we 

conclude that her hypothetical was reasonable and her reliance on the VE’s

testimony informed by the VE’s professional experience was appropriate.

5

 

5 Barrett also claims that the ALJ failed to resolve a conflict between the RFC finding and the 

requirements of “reasoning level three” jobs, such as a gate guard or sales attendant. But there is 

no clear conflict because Barrett was not limited to jobs involving only simple instructions. Cf. 

Zavalin v. Colvin, 778 F.3d 842, 846–48 (9th Cir. 2015) (recognizing a conflict between reasoning 

level three work and an RFC restriction to simple, repetitive tasks). After applying the proper

analysis and appropriately weighting the evidence, the ALJ deemed Barrett capable of always 
7 

AFFIRMED. 

remembering and carrying out simple instructions and capable of remembering and carrying out 

detailed, complex tasks occasionally. This finding is supported by substantial evidence and 

consistent with the requirements for gate guards and sales attendants.