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### EFI? The Buildings Technology Center (BTC), established by the U. S. Department of Energy (IDOE), provides the U.S. buildings industry with broad access to a unique collection of testing arid analysis capa b ilities at Oaf, Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The special focus of these capabilities is building energy efficiency improvements . The BTC makes available. ORNL expertise on building envelopes ; heating, cooling , and refrigeration equipment; and existing buildings performance monitoring and analysis

. The 8T C consists of Building Envelope Research, Heating and Cooling Tec hnology, and Existing Buildings Research. h6issiono To use diverse and unique staff capabilities and research facilities to help the Department of Energy, United States industry, and other customers identify issues and solve problems of major significance relative to building systems, environmental control , and energy delivery

. We pursue solutions that are energy efficient, er^viror ri°rerrt 11 W nd, and ccst effective.. We ctirnul te., Pew , 211 anti s ^fe. in ; < rtr^ x f^ips for terrhnnlo,y development and n plarnerxttaation.



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# i s i Nd UST RY? adding [i w ope Research * Characterized in situ thermal performance of different ley es oT roof, attic, wall, and foundation insulation. ' Developed decision guides and national code and, standard databases for roof, wall, and foundation construction, including cost effectiveness of roof color and at.pe. Determined the performance characteristics of foam insulation wiY ° n chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) alternatives. Found significant heat losses from convectkir in dow

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-FXX' insulation in attics during heating season and identified cures.


### He tirng and Cooling Teclihnobbgy ® Performed laboratory and field evalua °tions of high-efficiency electric and gas heat pumps. Designed and tested modific ations to rafd erator-freezers that improve energy efficiency and eliminate CFC refrigerants. Conducted technical assessments for rog enaration and central heating plant options to improve energy efficiency. C Assessed the global warming impact of CFC alternatives.


### Existing Buildings Research • Developed and field tested energy diagnostic procedures for residential s 4 small commercial buildings. They address heating system efficiency and safety, air conditioner tune-up and repair, and air leakage in duct systems and building envelopes. 0 Developed and field tested PC-based energy audits for single-family homes. a Provided field training on diagnostic inspection methods for weatherizatiion and rehabilitation agencies.



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# RUiLdiNgs TEc1Nol0gy C ENTER? Industry can access the BTC in several ways . User Agreements

. allow users to work on their projects alongside STC staff. Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs) give com

.parries the opportunity to seek DOE co-funding for their projects. Work For Others Agreements allow the BTC to carry out proprietary research for full cost recovery. The most appropriate arrangement can be determined by contacting the BTC facility manager. All projects are subject to the condition that they be consistent with or give priority to the FITC's primary mission: to support DOE research on energy- efficient buildings.
C ADAs at the BTC have included the participation of such companies and agencies as Dow Chemical, Du Pont, Allied Signal, the Association of Horne Appliance Manufacturers (AHAt )., the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Clayton Hones, Dow Corning, and the National Roofing Contractors Association. Universities and research institutes include the University of Minnesota ; the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm; the University of Auckland, New Zealand; the Moscow Scientific, Research and Experimental Institute; and the Technical University of Denmark. The STO also works with Tennessee State University through the Historically Black Colleges and Universities Program.

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The Buildings Technology Center ( BTC), established by the U.S. Department of Energy ( DOE), provides the U.S. buildings industry with broader access to a unique collection of testing and analysis capabilities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The special focus of these capabilities is building energy efficiency improvements. The BTC makes available ORNL expertise on building envelopes; heating , cooling, and refrigeration equipment ; and existing buildings performance monitoring and analysis. Cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs) at the BTC have included the participation of such companies and agencies as Dow Chemical , Du Pont, Allied Signal, the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM), the Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA), Clayton Homes , Dow Corning , and the National Roofing Contractors Association. The BTC is housed in a cluster of six buildings with over 20,000 square feet of space and has a permanent staff of about 50, which is continuously supplemented by 10 to 20 guest workers

. Annual program expenditures are about $13 million. The BTC consists of Building Envelope Research , Heating and Cooling Technology, and Existing Buildings Research. For more information contact the facility manager for the Buildings Technology Center:

George E

. Courville Oak Ridge National Laboratory P. O. Box 2008, MS 6070 Oak Ridge , TN 37831-6070 Phone number : ( 615) 574-1945 Fax number: (615) 574-9338



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The centerpiece test facility is the Large

- Scale Climate Simulator where large roof sections are sandwiched between two environmental chambers . The upper climate chamber simulates any outdoor weather condition on earth ; the lower metering chamber models interior conditions. Researchers use the Rotatable Guarded Hot Box to test full- size wall, fenestration, roof, and floor systems. The Roof Thermal Research Apparatus has eight replaceable roof panels and four replaceable wall panels and a controlled interior. Two calibrated slab-foundation edges measure thermal performance of slab-on-grade insulation systems. The Envelope Systems Research Apparatus resembles a residential basement topped with a typical commercial low-sloped roof. It is used to study energy and moisture flow through walls, foundations, and roofs. For more information contact the facility manager for Building Envelope Research:

Jeffrey E. Christian Oak Ridge National Laboratory P. O. Box 2008, MS 6070 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6070 Phone number: (615) 574-4345 Fax number: (615) 574-9338 

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This area includes a large , two room ( indoor /outdoor) environmental chamber used to simulate temperatures and humidity conditions. Advanced air-conditioning , refrigeration , and heat pump systems and technology are developed in this facility

. Two smaller chambers are used to research appliance and compressor technology. Calorimeters and specialized test apparatus are used for evaluating chlorofluorocarbon and hydrochiorofluorocarbon replacement refrigerants , and heat

- exchanger test apparatuses for refrigerant mixtures are used to investigate and validate thermal performance benefits of refrigerant

- side- and air-side-enhanced heat exchanger surfaces. For more information contact the facility manager for Heating and Cooling Technology:

Philip D. Fairchild Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, MS 6070 Oak Ridge , TN 37831-6070 Phone number: (615) 574-2020 Fax number : (615) 574-9338 

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# iliIn this area, research focuses on improving energy efficiency of existing buildings. Users can develop tools for programs such as the National Weatherization Program and the National Energy Audit. Auditing, retrofitting, and monitoring tasks are accomplished using sensors and data requisition systems to analyze building performance in the field. This center includes a wide array of mathematical modelling capability and computer codes, and a staff committed to working with the private sector. This collaborative commitment is directed toward improving building performance and efficiency. For more information contact the facility manager for Existing Buildings Research:

William R. Mixon Oak Ridge National Laboratory P. O. Box 2008, MS 6070 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6070 Phone number : (615) 576-7374 Fax number: (615) 574-9338 

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## BIOGRAPHY 

# Christine A. Ervin
U.S. Department of Energy Office of Public Affairs Washington , DC 20585
Buildings Technology Center Dedication Ceremony 

### May 25,1994

Christine Ervin was confirmed in November 1993 as Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy at the United States Department of Energy. She is responsible for more than $1 billion annually in Federal programs to develop and promote the use of renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies, in the United States and in foreign markets. The programs she oversees involve research and development at DOE's national laboratories, extensive efforts to commercialize new energy technologies, and grant programs that weatherize low-income homes, make energy efficiency improvements to schools and hospitals, and fund energy programs in all 50 states and six U. S. territories. Prior to her appointment by President William Clinton, Ms. Ervin was Director of the Oregon Department of Energy, a position that made her the chief energy advisor to the Governor of Oregon and the Oregon Legislature. In addition to leading Oregon's energy programs, she chaired a Governor's multi-agency task force on transportation, land-use, air quality, and energy. Prior to her role in Oregon, Ms. Ervin served as a project director for the World Wildlife Fund and the Conservation Foundation in Washington, DC. She specialized in policy research on pollution prevention, product and packaging design, and corporate environmental policy. From 1982-1987, she was assistant director of the State Budget and Planning Office in Missouri, overseeing the Governor's statewide budget recommendations for operating and capital improvement programs. Ms. Ervin holds a Master of Science degree in physical geography from Oregon State University and has done post-graduate work in resource economics. She is married and lives in the Washington, DC area.

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Buildings TeckNology CeNns
Multi-Media 1U Foundations Infrared Camera 2.5 Technology Transfer Walls Attic Roofs Energy Audits Refrigerators Heat Pumps Ice Storage t10 RTRA 11 ESRA Gas Heat Pumps

0 ENVELOPE SYSTEMS RESEARCH APPARATUS , (ESRA) 

# Buildings Technology Center (BTC) ENERGY DIVISION Thermally Activated eat Pump Facility 2 (Building 3114)

L-J Roof & Attic Tester Large-Scale Climate Simulator (LSCS)

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Environmental CHAMBERS Ice Tank


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THERMAL RESEARCH APPARATUS (RTRA)The Buildings Technology Center, established by the Office of Building Technologies, US, Department of Energy. 

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# B U I tdIN fjS TECh N O[Oqy (,ENTE R CA pAb iLiTIES Testing of Building Materiels and Roof, Well, and Foundation Systems Utilizing U nique Facilities Testing of Energy Efficient HVAC Systems and Refrigeration Systems and Appliances 0 a Modeling: DOE-2, BLAST (Whole Buildings), HEATING ( Hest Transfer), MATCH ( Heat and ss Transfer), PHCENICS (Fluid Flow), e HPf)M (Fleet Pump 11esign Model), NEAP (a,uiidirg Energy Audki's) 0 Analyzing HVAC Optimization and Control Preparing Chiller Replacement and efrigerant M anagement Plans 0 Developing Energy Efficient Automotive Air Conditioning a Evaluating Steam and Hot Water District Heating Systems, Cogeneration • UtilIzing Whole Building System Approach to Improved Energy Efficiency



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## 01 The mission of the Energy Division at ORNL is to provide innovative solutions to energy and related issues of national and global importance through interdisciplinary research and development. The Division has three principal thrusts: (1) to perform environmental, technological, regional , and policy assessments related to energy development; (2) to conduct research on improving transportation system efficiency; and (3) to perform research and development to improve the efficiency of energy use and delivery technologies. The Division carries out its mission with a staff of approximately 200 physical, life, and social scientists, engineers, and support staff.

ORNL is located just outside the town of Oak Ridge, Tennessee , and about 20 miles from Knoxville, Tennessee , in the foothills of the Cumberland and Smoky mountain ranges. It is part of the 59,000-acre (146,000-hectare) Oak Ridge Reservation established by the U.S. government in 1942 to accommodate facilities for the secret Manhattan Project

. Since World War II, the laboratory has developed into a center for energy and environmental research and the basic science that supports them

. ORNL currently is managed by Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. r!I Monitoring Performance of Building and Facilities Forming Successful Partnerships with Industry to Solve Problems Validating DSM Energy Savings Preparing Facility/Utility Energy Plans Identifying Actual Energy Savings and f l' It®i >x ectkvert^^ etroths 14 Developing Energy Audit and Management Techniques 0 Analyzing Properties of Refrigerant Mixtures Developing Alternative (Non-CPC) Refrigerants identifying Moisture Control Solutions for Buildings Enhancing the Awareness and Understanding of Environmental Issues in Buildings



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The Buildings Technology Center is housed in a 4;.rster^Jt six buildings at Oak Ridge National Laboratory containing rr-,.ore than 20,000 square feet. It has a permanent staff of about 50. The center include-2 Building Envelopes Research, Heating and Cooling Technology, and Existing Buildings Research.