1 |EnergyEfficiencyandRenewableEnergyeere.energy.gov[INSERTPICTURE(S)OFPRODUCT(S)][INSERTPICTURE(S)OFPRODUCT(S)]September16,2014RonaldMajetteDepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologiesProgramEERE‐2013‐BT‐TP‐0045BVM2013TP0045@ee.doe.govTestProcedure:NoticeofProposedRulemakingforRefrigeratedBeverageVendingMachines2Welcome•Introductions(aroundtheroom)•RoleoftheFacilitator•GroundRules–Speakoneatatime.–Sayyournamefortherecord– therewillbeacompletetranscriptofthismeeting.–Beconcise– sharethe‘air‐time’.–Keepthefocushere– cellphonesonsilent;limitsidebarconversations.–Webinarparticipantsturnphoneonmute;“raiseyourhand”toberecognizedtospeak.•HousekeepingItems•AgendaReview•OpeningRemarks3Agenda1) 9:00AM Introductions2) 9:15AMStakeholderOpeningStatements3) 9:30AMRegulatoryHistory&Scope4) 9:45AMTestProcedureAmendments:AppendixA5) 11:00AM Break6) 11:15AMTestProcedureAmendments:AppendixB7) 11:45AM SmallBusinessImpacts8) 11:55PMClosingRemarks4PublicMeetingSlidesTopics1Introductions2Stakeholder Opening Statements3Regulatory History & Scope4Appendix A5Appendix B6Small Business Impacts7Closing Remarks5ListeningViatheWebcast•TheDepartmentisbroadcastingthismeetingliveovertheInternet.•DOEisprovidingthewebcasttoaccommodatestakeholdersthatareunabletoattendthepublicmeetinginperson.•Thewebbroadcastallowsstakeholderstolisteninandviewtheslides.•Allstakeholdersareencouragedtosubmitwrittencommentsafterthepublicmeeting.6PurposeofthePublicMeeting•PresentDOE’sproposedtestprocedureforrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachines(BVMs).•Invitecommentonthenoticeofproposedrulemaking(NOPR)document.•Discussnextstepsintherulemaking.•Inviteparticipantstoprovidesummarycommentsorstatementsandraiseadditionalissuesfordiscussion.7StepsintheTestProcedureRulemaking•NOPRpublishedintheFederalRegisteronAugust11,2014(79FR46908)•NOPRPublicMeetingtoday,September16,2014•CommentsonNOPRfrominterestedparties•Transcriptrecordsoralcommentsfromtoday’spublicmeeting•Writtencomments(commentperiodclosesOctober27,2014)•DOEreviewsandconsidersallcomments•FinalRulePublication•FinalRuleisexpectedtobeissuedby Summer2015.NOPRFinalRule8PublicMeetingSlidesTopics1Introductions2Stakeholder Opening Statements3Regulatory History & Scope45Appendix A7Appendix BClosing Remarks6Small Business Impacts9OpeningRemarksMeetingparticipantsareinvitedtoprovideopeningremarksorstatementsatthistime.10IssueboxescorrespondtothelistofissuespublishedattheendoftheNOPRdocument,availableat:http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EERE‐2013‐BT‐TP‐0045‐0001.ThedeadlineforsubmittingcommentsisOctober27,2014,11:59PMET.IssuesforDiscussionIssue Box: DOE welcomes comments, data, andinformation concerning its proposed test procedurefor refrigerated beverage vending machines. Whetherinvited by an issue box or not, comments arewelcome on any part of DOE’s analysis.11HowtoSubmitWrittenCommentsInallcorrespondence,pleaserefertothisrulemakingby:– StandardsforRefrigeratedBeverageVendingMachines– DocketNumberEERE‐2013‐BT‐TP‐0045– RegulationIdentificationNumber(RIN)1904‐AD07Email:BVM2013TP0045@ee.doe.govPostal:CourierMs.BrendaEdwardsMs.BrendaEdwardsU.S.DepartmentofEnergyU.S.DepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologiesProgram,BuildingTechnologiesProgram,Suite600MailstopEE‐5B950L’EnfantPlaza,SW1000IndependenceAvenue,SWWashington,DC20024Washington,DC20585‐0121Tel:202586‐2945CommentperiodclosesOctober27,2014,11:59PMET12PublicMeetingSlidesTopics1Introductions2Stakeholder Opening Statements3Regulatory History & Scope45Appendix A7Appendix BClosing Remarks6Small Business Impacts13RegulatoryHistory&Authority•EnergyPolicyandConservationActof1975(EPCA)Pub.L.94‐163–TheActsetforthavarietyofprovisionsdesignedtoimprovetheenergyefficiencyofvariousproductsandequipment–PartBofTitleIIIprovidesforthe“EnergyConservationProgramforConsumerProductsOtherthanAutomobiles.”(42U.S.C.6291‐6309)–ApartofthisprogramdirectedDOEtoestablishenergyconservationstandardsforbeveragevendingmachines.(42U.S.C.6295(v))–ManufacturersofcoveredequipmentmustusetheprescribedDOEtestprocedureasthebasisforcertifyingtoDOEthattheirequipmentcomplieswiththeapplicableenergyconservationstandardsadoptedunderEPCA,andwhenmakingrepresentationsabouttheefficiencyoftheequipment.(42U.S.C.6293(c)and6295(s))–DOEmustusethesetestprocedurestodeterminewhethertheequipmentcomplieswithanyrelevantstandardspromulgatedunderEPCA.(42U.S.C.6295(s))14RegulatoryHistory&Authority•EPCAalsorequires:–Anytestproceduresprescribedoramendedunderthissectionshallbereasonablydesignedtoproducetestresultswhichmeasureenergyefficiency,energyuse,orestimatedannualoperatingcostofacoveredunitofequipmentduringarepresentativeaverageusecycleorperiodofuseandshallnotbeundulyburdensometoconduct.(42U.S.C.6293(b)(3))–Atleastonceevery7yearsDOEreviewitstestproceduresforallcoveredproductsandeitheramendthetestproceduresorpublishadeterminationintheFederalRegisternottoamendthem.(42U.S.C.6293(b)(1)(A))•DOEisundertakingthisrulemakingtomeetthisEPCArequirement.15ScopeofCoveredEquipment•EPCAdefinition:–Theterm‘refrigeratedbottledorcannedbeveragevendingmachine’meansacommercialrefrigeratorthatcoolsbottledorcannedbeveragesanddispensesthebottledorcannedbeveragesonpayment(42U.S.C.6291(40))•BVM2009FinalRuleEquipmentClassifications:–DOEestablishedthreeequipmentclassesforbeveragevendingmachines:EquipmentClassDefinitionRefrigeratedbottled orcannedbeveragevendingmachinethat:ClassA isfullycooledequipment andisnotacombinationvendingmachine.ClassB isnotconsideredtobeClass Aandisnotacombinationvendingmachine.Combinationalsohasnon‐refrigeratedvolumesforvendingother,non‐“sealedbeverage”merchandise.16CurrentBVMTestProcedure•ThecurrentDOEtestprocedurewasestablishedbyafinalruleonDecember8,2006(the2006BVMtestprocedurefinalrule),andincorporatedbyreference:–AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI)/AmericanSocietyofHeating,RefrigeratingandAir‐ConditioningEngineers(ASHRAE)Standard32.1‐2004,“MethodsofTestingforRatingVendingMachinesforBottled,Canned,orOtherSealedBeverages,”asthemethodoftest,withafewminormodifications.71FR71340 (Dec.8,2006).–ANSI/AssociationofHomeApplianceManufacturers(AHAM)HRF‐1‐2004tocalculatetherefrigeratedvolumeofbeveragevendingmachines.71FR71340,71355(Dec.8,2006).17ProposedChangesinthisNOPR•InthisNOPR,DOEproposesto reorganizetheBVMtestprocedureintoanewappendixAandB:AppendixA AppendixBEffectivedate30days afterpublicationofanytestprocedureFinalRuleintheFederalRegisterWithcomplianceofanyamendedstandardspromulgatedas aresultoftheassociatedECSrulemaking(EERE‐2013‐STD‐0022)SummaryofproposedchangesSeveralclarificationsandamendmentstotheDOEtestprocedureAll theclarificationsandamendmentsincorporatedinappendixA,andprovisionstoaccountfortheimpactoflowpowermodes.18PublicMeetingSlidesTopics1Introductions2Stakeholder Opening Statements3Regulatory History & Scope4Appendix A5Appendix B7Closing Remarks6Small Business Impacts19ClarificationsIncludedinappendixA•TheclarificationsincludedinappendixAinclude1. updatingthereferencedmethodoftesttoANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐2010;2. eliminatingtestingatthe90°Fambienttestcondition;3. clarifyingthetestprocedureforcombinationvendingmachines;4. clarifyingtherequirementsforloadingBVMmodelsundertheDOEtestprocedure;5. clarifyingthespecificationsofthetestpackage;6. clarifyingthenext‐to‐vendbeveragetemperaturetestcondition;7. providingadefinitionfor“fullycooled;”8. specifyingplacementofthermocouplesduringtheDOEtestprocedure;9. establishingtestingprovisionsatthelowestapplicationproducttemperature;10. clarifyingcertificationandreportingrequirements;and11. clarifyingthetreatmentofcertainaccessorieswhenconductingtheDOEtestprocedure.20EffectiveDateofAppendixA•DOEdoesnotexpecttheseclarificationstochangetheresultsofitscurrentBVMtestprocedure.•ManufacturerswoulduseappendixAtocertifythecomplianceofbeveragevendingmachineswithexistingenergyconservationstandards.•TheseamendmentswouldalsobereflectedintherevisedtestprocedureinappendixB.21UpdatingtheReferencedMethodofTest•Sincethepublicationofthe2006BVMtestprocedurefinalrule,neweditionsofbothstandardsincorporatedbyreferencehavebeenpublished.CurrentlyIncorporatedbyReferenceUpdatedStandardDifferencesANSI/ASHRAE32.1‐2004ANSI/ASHRAE32.1‐2010‐Inclusion ofnewdefinitionsandnomenclatureadoptedbyDOEinthe2009BVMfinalrule.‐NewAppendixC,“MeasurementofVolume,”thatisconsistentwithsection5.2(excludingsubsections5.2.2.2through5.2.2.4) ofANSI/AHAMHRF‐1‐2004.ANSI/AHAMHRF‐1‐2004ANSI/AHAMHRF‐1‐2008‐Reorganizesandsimplifiessections4,5,and6intoonesectiondescribingmethodsfordeterminingtherefrigeratedvolumeofrefrigerators,refrigerator‐freezers,winechillers,andfreezers.22UpdatingtheReferencedMethodofTest•DOEbelievestheseamendmentstoANSI/ASHRAE32.1donotaffectthetesteddailyenergyconsumption(DEC)ofcoveredequipment.•DOEnotesthattheupdatedANSI/AHAMHRF‐1‐2008containsseveralchangesregardingtheinclusionorexclusionofcertainspecialfeaturesfromthedeterminationofrefrigeratedvolumeand,thus, hasthepotentialtoyieldrefrigeratedvolumevaluesthatdifferslightlyfromthosetakenusingthemethodinthecurrentDOEtestprocedure.•Forthesakeofsimplicityandconsistency,DOEisproposingtoupdatetheindustrytestmethodincorporatedbyreferencetoANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐2010forthemeasurementofDEC,vendiblecapacity,andrefrigeratedvolume.23IssueforDiscussionUpdatingReferencesDOErequestscommentontheproposaltoupdateitstestproceduretoincorporatebyreferenceANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐2010.DOErequestscommentonitsproposaltoupdatethereferencedmethodoftestforthemeasurementofrefrigeratedvolumeinitstestprocedurefromsection5ofANSI/AHAMHRF‐1‐2004toAppendixCofANSI/ASHRAE3.1‐2010.DOErequestscommentonwhetherthemethodologyinAppendixCofANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐2010forthemeasurementofrefrigeratedvolumeismoreappropriateforbeveragevendingmachinesthanthemethodologyoutlinedinsection4ofAHAMHRF‐1‐2008.24Eliminatingthe90°FAmbientTestCondition•ThecurrentBVMtestprocedurerequirestestingatA. 75°F2°F and45percent± 5percentrelativehumidity;andB. 90°F2°F and65percent± 5percentrelativehumidity.•DOEenergyconservationstandardsarebasedonperformancedeterminedatthe75°Fambienttestconditiononly.•DOEproposestoeliminatetherequirementtotestatthe90°Fambienttestcondition.25IssueforDiscussionAmbientTemperaturesforTestingDOErequestscommentonitsproposaltoeliminatetherequirementtoconducttestingatthe90°Fambienttestcondition.26TestProcedureforCombinationVendingMachines•DOEbelievesthatitscurrenttestprocedure andtheamendedtestprocedureproposedintheNOPRareboth appropriatefortheevaluationoftherefrigeratedvolume,vendiblecapacity,andenergyuseofcombinationvendingmachines withthefollowingclarifications:–Onlytherefrigeratedcompartmentofthecombinationvendingmachinewouldbeconsideredinthedeterminationofrefrigeratedvolume,whilethevendiblecapacitywouldbethatofbothrefrigeratedandnon‐refrigeratedcompartments;–Onlytherefrigeratedcompartmentofthecombinationvendingmachinewouldbefullyloadedwithstandardtestpackagesandstandardproducts;and–Anylightingorotherenergy‐consumingfeaturesinthenon‐refrigeratedcompartmentwouldbefullyenergizedduringthetestprocedureandoperatedinthesamemannerasanylightingorfeaturesintherefrigeratedcompartment.27IssueforDiscussionProductTypeDefinitionsDOErequestscommentontheapplicabilityoftheexistingtestprocedure,asclarified,tocombinationvendingmachines.28LoadingofTestPackages•ThecurrentBVMtestprocedurerequiresthatequipmentisloaded–withthemaximumquantityofstandardproductand–withstandardtestpackagesineachnext‐to‐be‐vendedpositionforeachselection,–asrequiredbysection7.2.2.1and7.2.2.2ofANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐2004and2010.FrontStandard testpackageStandardproductFrontClass A Machine Class B Machine29LoadingofTestPackages•Refrigeratedbeveragevendingmachinesmaybeavailableinavarietyofconfigurationsandmaybeconfiguredtovendotherrefrigeratedmerchandise.•DOEproposestoclarifyintheDOEtestprocedurethatequipmentthatisavailablewithavarietyofproductstorageconfigurationsshouldbeconfigured,forpurposesoftesting,toholdthemaximumnumberofsealedbeveragesthatit iscapableofaccommodatingpermanufacturerspecifications.•TheperformanceofBVMmodelsthatdifferonlyinplacementandtypeofshelvingmayberepresentedbytheperformanceofthatBVMmodelwiththemaximumbeverageconfiguration,orsuchBVMmodelsmaybecertifiedasseparatebasicmodelsifamanufacturerwishestomakedifferingrepresentationsforeachshelvingconfiguration.30StandardProduct•Section5ofANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐2004and2010furtherrequiresthatthestandardproductshallbe12‐ouncecansformachinesthatarecapableofdispensing12‐ouncecans.Forallothermachines,thestandardproductshallbetheproductspecifiedbythemanufacturerasthestandardproduct.•DOEunderstandsthattheremaybevariabilityamongmanufacturersandtestinglaboratorieswithregardtotheconfigurationofstandardproductandstandardtestpackagesandwishedtoclarifythecharacteristicsofthestandardproduct.31DOE’sProposedStandardProductCharacteristics•DOEproposesthat•DOEselectedadensityrangeof1.0g/mL± 0.1g/mLbecause itisinclusiveofmosttestfluidscurrentlyinuse.For... TheStandardProductShallbe...beveragevending machinescapableofvending12‐ouncecansstandard12‐ouncealuminumbeveragecansfilledwithaliquidwithadensityof1.0gramspermilliliter(g/mL)± 0.1g/mLat36°Fcannedbeveragevendingmachinesthatarenotcapableofholding12‐ouncecans,butarecapableofvending20‐ouncebottles20‐ounceplasticbottlesfilledwithaliquidwithadensityof1.0g/mL± 0.1g/mLat36°Fbeveragevendingmachinesthatarenotcapableofholding12‐ouncecansor20‐ouncebottlestheproductspecifiedbythemanufacturerasthestandardproductshallcontinuetobeused32IssueforDiscussionStandardProductsDOErequestscommentontheproposedclarificationthatthestandardproductshallbe12‐ouncecansor20‐ouncebottles,forBVMmodelsthatarecapableofholdingcansorbottles,respectively,filledwithaliquidwithadensityof1.0g/mL± 0.1g/mLat36°F.DOErequestscommentontheneedtomaintaintheflexibilityofspecifyingthestandardproductasthatspecifiedbythemanufacturerforrefrigeratedbottledorcannedbeveragevendingmachinesthatarenotcapableofholding12‐ouncecansor20‐ouncebottles.DOEspecificallyrequestsexamplesofBVMmodelsthatmightrequirethisflexibilityandwhattypeofstandardproductstheyaretestedwithcurrently.33StandardTestPackages•Section3ofASHRAE32.1‐2004and2010definesthestandardtestpackageasabeveragecontainerofthesizeandshapeforwhichthevendingmachineisdesigned,alteredtoincludeatemperature‐measuringinstrumentatitscenterofmass.•DOEfindstherequirementsinANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐2004and2010tobefairlyclearandconcise,whenpairedwiththeclarificationaboveregardingthestandardproduct.34IssueforDiscussionStandardTestPackagesDOErequestscommentonthesufficiencyoftheexistingrequirementsregardingstandardtestpackages.Iftheexistinglanguageisnotsufficientlyclear,DOErequestscommentsandrecommendationsregardingwhatadditionalclarificationsmightbenecessarytoensureconsistencyandrepeatabilityoftestresults.35Next‐to‐VendBeverageTemperature•Thecurrenttestproceduredoesnotprovidespecificinstructionswithregardtohowtodeterminetheaverage“next‐to‐vend”beveragetemperature.–ANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐2004 and2010state“thebeveragetemperatureshallbemeasuredinstandardtestpackagesineachnext‐to‐be‐vendedpositionforeachselection”andspecifyanaveragenext‐to‐vendbeveragetemperatureof36F1F“throughouttest.”•DOEconsideredtwointerpretationsofwhat36F1F“throughouttest”refersto:1. aconditioninwhichtheaveragenext‐to‐vendtemperatureismaintainedat36F1Fconstantlyforthedurationofthetest,or2. oneinwhichthetemperatureofnext‐to‐vendbeveragesisaveragedacrossallselectionsandovertheentirelengthofthetest,resultinginasinglevalueof36°F(±1 °F).36Next‐to‐VendBeverageTemperature•InresponsetotheFrameworkdocumentforbeveragevendingmachines(78FR33262(June4,2013)),severalinterestedpartiesnotedthatitwasimpracticalandunnecessarilyrigoroustomaintaina±1°Ftolerancethroughoutthetest.•DOEagreeswithcommentersthattheaveragenext‐to‐vendtemperatureshouldbebothaspatialandtemporalaverage.•Toclarify,DOEproposestoaddthefollowingdefinitionofintegratedaveragetemperaturetotheBVMtestprocedure:Integratedaveragetemperaturemeanstheaveragetemperatureofallstandardtestpackagemeasurementsinthenext‐to‐vendbeveragepositionstakenduringthetest,expressedindegreesFahrenheit(°F).37IssueforDiscussionIntegratedAverageTemperatureDOErequestscommentonitsproposeddefinitionof“integratedaveragetemperature”forbeveragevendingmachines.DOErequestscommentonwhethertheproposeddefinitionfor“integratedaveragetemperature”alignswithstandardpracticeinindustry,andwhetheranymanufacturershavebeenmaintainingthe36°F(± 1°F)next‐to‐vendtemperatureconstantlythroughoutthetestusedforDOEcertification.38Definitionof“FullyCooled”•ThedistinguishingcriterionbetweenClassAandClassBequipmentiswhetherornotequipmentisfullycooled.10CFR431.292•DOEdoesnotcurrentlydefinefullycooled.•IntheBVMframeworkdocument,DOEconsideredadefinitionoffullycooledthatrequiredeachiteminthemachinetobemaintainedatanaveragetemperaturewithin2°Foftheaveragenext‐to‐vendbeveragetemperature.•SeveralinterestedpartiedcommentedthatmanymachinesthatareclearlyClassA,glassfrontmachinesmayhavetemperaturegradientsgreaterthan2°Fduringnormaloperation.39ProposedDefinitionsFullycooledmeansaconditioninwhichtherefrigerationsystemofabeveragevendingmachinecoolsproductthroughouttheentirerefrigeratedvolumeofamachineinsteadofbeingdirectedatafraction(orzone)oftherefrigeratedvolumeasmeasuredbytheaveragetemperatureofthestandardtestpackagesinthefurthestfromthenext‐to‐vendpositionsbeingnomorethan10°Fabovetheintegratedaveragetemperatureofthestandardtestpackages.•Basedonthecommentsreceived,DOEisproposingthefollowingdefinitionforfullycooled:40VerificationofFullyCooledEquipment•ToverifywhetherornotagivenBVMmodelisfullycooled,DOEisproposinganadditionaloptionaltestmethodbasedonthedifferencebetweentheaveragenext‐to‐vendbeveragetemperatureandtheaveragetemperatureofstandardtestpackagesplacedinthefurthestfromnext‐to‐vendpositionduringthetestperiod.•DOEnotesthatthistestmethodwouldnotberequiredtocertifyequipmentbutwouldbethemethodusedbyDOEtodeterminetheappropriateequipmentclassforcompliancepurposes.41AdditionalTemperatureMeasurements•Theoptionaltestmethodwouldrequireadditionaltemperaturemeasurementsatthefurthestfromnext‐to‐vendpositionstoquantitativelydifferentiatebetweenClassAandClassBequipment.•Forbeveragevendingmachineswithhorizontalproductrows,thiswouldrequireastandardpackageatthebackofthehorizontalproductrowsinthefourcornersofthemachine(e.g.,bottomright,bottomleft,topright,andtopleft).FrontStandard testpackageStandardproductFurthest fromnext-to-vendstandard testpackagepositionsSide viewBack viewShelf-styleMachine42VerificationofFullyCooledEquipment•Forbeveragevendingmachineswithstandardproductsconfiguredinaverticalstack,thiswouldincludeanadditionalstandardtestpackageatthetopofeachstack.•DOEproposestodeterminefullycooledbasedonthedifferenceinaveragetemperatures:Standard testpackageStandardproductFurthest fromnext-to-vendstandard testpackagepositionsFrontStack MachineFullycooledif(Integratedaveragetemperatureofnext‐to‐vend)–(averagetemperatureoffurthestfromnext‐to‐vend)≤10°F43IssueforDiscussionDefinitionandVerificationofFullyCooledDOErequestscommentonitsproposeddefinitionof“fullycooled.”DOEwouldfurtherappreciatecommentastowhethertheproposeddefinitionalignswiththeclassificationsofClassAandClassBequipmentcurrentlyusedinindustry.DOErequestscommentontheproposedfullycooledvalidationtestmethod.Specifically,DOErequestscommentastowhetherarangeof10°FisanappropriatethresholdtodifferentiatefullycooledequipmentandanyincrementalburdenonmanufacturersassociatedwiththeoptionaltestmethodfordeterminingifaBVMmodelmeetsthedefinitionof“fullycooled.”44PlacementofThermocouples•Thereiscurrentlyalackofspecificityregardingtheproperplacementofthermocouplewiresduringtesting.•DOEbelievesthatthermocouplewireshouldberuninamannerthatavoids compromisingthethermalintegrityofthevendingmachine (e.g.,throughthedispensingdoor).•DOEproposestoamendtheregulatorytexttorequirethatthermocouplewireberunthroughthedoorgasketandnotthroughthedispensingdoorofthebeveragevendingmachinesuchthatthesensorpathwayissealedtoprohibitairflowbetweentheinteriorrefrigeratedvolumeandtheambientroomair.45LowestApplicationProductTemperature•Certainmodelsofbeveragevendingmachinesavailableonthemarketarecovered,buttheyarenotcapableofmaintainingtheprescribedratingtemperature of36°FandthuscannotbetestedinaccordancewiththeDOEtestprocedure.–Manufacturersofsuchequipmentcurrentlymustrequestatestprocedurewaiver.•DOEproposesthatsuchequipmentbetestedattheequipment’slowestapplicationproducttemperature,thatis,thelowesttemperaturetheequipmentiscapableofmaintaining.–Thiswill often be thelowestsettingonaunit’sthermostat.46LowestApplicationProductTemperatureDefinition•Accordingly,DOEproposestoadoptthefollowingdefinitionforlowestapplicationproducttemperature:Lowestapplicationproducttemperaturemeansthelowestintegratedaveragetemperatureagivenbasicmodeliscapableofmaintainingsoastocomplywiththetemperaturestabilizationrequirementsspecifiedinsection7.2.2.2ofANSI/ASHRAE32.1(incorporatedbyreference,see§431.293).47LowestApplicationProductTemperatureProvisions•Equipmenttestedusingarevisedlowestapplicationproducttemperaturewouldstillhavetomeetallothertestprocedurerequirements.•Equipmenttestedandcertifiedusingthelowestapplicationproducttemperaturewouldberequiredtomeetthestandardapplicableforitsequipmentclassandrefrigeratedvolume,andthemanufacturerwouldberequiredtomaintainrecordsofthelowestapplicationproducttemperatureatwhichagivenmodelisrated.•Thisdefinitionandtestprovisionissimilartothatadoptedforcommercialrefrigerationequipment.10CFR431.6448IssueforDiscussionLowestApplicationProductTemperatureDOErequestscommentonitsproposaltoadoptalowestapplicationproducttemperatureprovisionforcoveredbeveragevendingmachinesthatcannotbetestedatthespecifiedaveragenext‐to‐vendtemperatureof36°F(±1°F).DOEalsorequestscommentonhowthelowestapplicationproducttemperaturemightbebestdeterminedforbeveragevendingmachinesandwhetherthelowestthermostatsettingisareasonableapproachformostequipment.DOErequestscommentonhowtodeterminethelowestapplicationproducttemperatureforequipmentwithoutthermostats.DOErequestscommentonitsproposaltoallowcoveredequipmentthatcannotmaintainthe36°F(±1°F)averagenext‐to‐vendtemperaturetobetestedatthelowestapplicationproducttemperaturewithoutrequestingaDOEwaiver.49TreatmentofAccessories•DOEisproposingthefollowingspecificationsregardingthetreatmentofaccessories,whichDOEfeelsisconsistentwiththecurrentDOEtestprocedure:Accessory ProposedOperationMoney‐ProcessingDevicesInplaceandfunctional – themostenergy‐consuming combinationshouldbeused.InternalLightingMaximumenergy‐consumingstateAnti‐sweatandOther ElectricResistanceHeatersSet toautomaticifavailable;otherwise,maximumenergy‐consumingstateCondensatePanHeatersandPumpsInplaceandoperationalIlluminatedTemperatureDisplaysEnergized andoperatednormallyCondenserFiltersRemovefortestSecurityCoversRemovefortestGeneralPurposeOutletsNoexternalloadCrankcaseHeatersandOtherElectricResistanceHeatersforColdWeatherOperationalwithany controlsystem(s)activated50TreatmentofAccessoriesAppendixOperationifnotrequired forvendingorrefrigerationfunctionalityOperationifrequired forvendingorrefrigerationfunctionalityADe‐energizedorlowestenergy‐consumingstatePlacedinit’slowestenergy‐consumingstate thatdoesnotinterferewithoperationofBVMBDe‐energized orstandby mode•SomeBVMmodelsincorporateadditionalexteriorlightingorsignage thatisnotintegraltothecabinetandisnotprimarytothevendingorrefrigerationfunctionsofthebeveragevendingmachine.•Theenergyuseofsuchexternalcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,anddigitalscreensmaybesignificantbutisoftenalreadycoveredbyanotherDOEenergyconservationstandard(e.g.,TVs).•DOEbelievesthat,sincetheenergyuseofsuchexternalcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,ordigitalscreensisextremelyvariableandperipheraltotheprimaryfunctionoftheBVM,theirenergyuseshouldnotbeaccountedforinthemeasuredDECofBVMmodels.51DefinitionofStandbyMode•DOEproposesthefollowingdefinitionofstandbymode,asitappliestoexternalcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,anddigitalscreens:•Totheextentthata“standbymode”energyconsumptionstatemayexistforexternalcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,anddigitalscreensthatisdifferentfromde‐energizingsuchequipment,DOEisspecifyingtheuseofstandbyforappendixBonly.Standbymodemeansthemodeofoperationinwhichanyexternal,integralcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,ordigitalscreensareconnectedtomainspower,donotproducetheintendedillumination,display,orinteractionfunctionality,andcanbeswitchedintoanothermodeautomaticallywithonlyaremoteuser‐generatedorinternalsignal.52IssueforDiscussionTreatmentofAccessoriesInternalLighting‐DOErequestscommentonitsproposaltoclarifyinappendixAandBthatinternallightingshallbeoperatedinthemaximumenergy‐consumingstateundertheDOEtestprocedure.DOErequestscommentonwhetherthemaximumenergy‐consumingstateforinternallightingisconsistentwith“normal”operation.53IssueforDiscussionTreatmentofAccessoriesExternalCustomerDisplaySigns,Lighting,andDigitalScreens‐DOErequestscommentontherangeofequipmentthatshouldbeaddressedinthiscategoryofaccessoriesandiftheproposedterminologyofcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,anddigitalscreensissufficienttocapturethevarietyofsimilarauxiliaryenergy‐consumingaccessoriesthatmightbeinstalledonBVMmodels.DOErequestscommentonthetreatmentofexternalandintegralcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,anddigitalscreensinappendixA.DOErequestscommentontheproposedtreatmentofexternalandintegralcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,anddigitalscreensinappendixB.Specifically,DOErequestscommentonwhetherdisablingexternaldevicesandplacingintegraldevicesinstandbymodeortheirlowestenergy‐consumingstateissufficientlyrepresentativeoftheenergyuseofrefrigeratedbottledorcannedbeveragevendingmachines.54IssueforDiscussionTreatmentofAccessoriesExternalCustomerDisplaySigns,Lighting,andDigitalScreens(cont’d)‐DOErequestscommentontheproposeddefinitionofstandbymodeasthemodeofoperationinwhichtheexternal,integralcustomerdisplaysigns,lighting,ordigitalscreensareconnectedtomainspower,donotproducetheintendedillumination,display,orinteractionfunctionality,andcanbeswitchedintoanothermodeautomaticallywithonlyaremoteuser‐generatedorinternalsignal.Fordigitalscreensthatalsoperformthevendingormoney‐processingfunction,DOErequestscommentontheproposaltoplacethesescreensintheirlowestenergy‐consumingstatethatstillallowsthemoney‐processingfeaturetofunction.55PublicMeetingSlidesTopics1Introductions2Stakeholder Opening Statements3Regulatory History & Scope45Appendix A7Appendix BClosing Remarks6Small Business Impacts56AppendixB•DOEalsoproposesnewtestprocedureprovisionsthatwillbeincludedonlyinappendixBthatarerequiredforusewithanynewenergyconservationstandards.•TheappendixBproposedtestprocedureprovisionsincludealowpowermodetestmethodologythatwouldresultinmoreaccuraterepresentationofbeveragevendingmachineperformanceforcertainequipment.57LowPowerModeCharacteristics•ManyBVMmodelsareequippedwithlowpowermodesdesignedtobeusedwhendemandforrefrigeratedbeveragesislowby:–switchingoffordimminginteriorlightingorotheraccessories,or–raisingthetemperaturesetpoint(towhichtheunitcoolstheproduct)toavaluehigherthanthetemperaturesetpointassociatedwiththeunit’svendingmode.•BVMlowpowermodesmayoperateonafixedscheduleorbasedonsensorinput,suchasthatfromanoccupancysensororcustomerinterfaceonthemachine.•AgivenBVMmodelmaybeequippedwithmultiplelowpowerstatesfordifferentusagepatterns.58LowPowerModeintheCurrentBVMTestProcedure•Mostlowpowermodesare“capableofbeingadjustedbyamachineoperator.”•ThecurrentDOEtestprocedurespecifiesthatthevendingmachinebe“operatedwithnormallightingandcontrolsettings,usingonlythoseenergymanagementcontrolsthatarepermanentlyoperationalandnotcapableofbeingadjustedbyamachineoperator.”(ANSI/ASHRAEStandard32.1‐20047.1.1(d))•DOEproposestoadoptspecificprovisionsfortestingBVMmodelsequippedwithalowpowermodetobetterrepresentfieldenergyuse.59ProposedDefinitionsLowpowermodemeansastateinwhichabeveragevendingmachine’slighting,refrigeration,and/orotherenergy‐usingsystemsareautomaticallyadjusted(withoutuserintervention)suchthattheyconsumelessenergythantheyconsumeinanactivevendingenvironment.•DOEproposestodefine“lowpowermode”asfollows:60ProposedDefinitions(cont’d)Refrigerationlowpowermodemeansastateinwhichabeveragevendingmachine’srefrigerationsystemisinlowpowermode.Toqualifyaslowpowermode,theaveragenext‐to‐vendbeveragetemperaturemustautomatically(withoutuserintervention)risetoatleast4°Fabovetheintegratedaveragetemperatureorlowestapplicationproducttemperature,asapplicable,andremainabovethisthresholdforatleastonehour.Accessorylowpowermodemeansastateinwhichabeveragevendingmachine’slightingand/orotherenergy‐usingsystems,excepttherefrigerationsystem,areinlowpowermode.Thismayinclude,butisnotlimitedto,dimmingorturningofflightsbutdoesnotincludeadjustmentoftherefrigerationsystem.•DOEalsoproposestodifferentiatebetweenlowpowermodesthataffectonlylightingoraccessoriesandthosethataffecttherefrigerationsystem.61LowPowerModeTestMethods•DOEconsideredseveraloptionstoaccountforlowpowermodesintheDOEtestprocedure:TestMethod Pros ConsSeparatephysical tests,oneforvendingstateandoneforlowpowermodeQuantitative,unambiguous,captures thevariationsamonglowpowermodesDoes notcapturepull‐downenergyuseSingletest: 18hrvendingstate+6hrlowpowermode+pull‐downQuantitative,unambiguous,captures thevariationsamonglowpowermodesDifficulttospecifytestingprocedurethatwouldbeapplicableforallBVMmodels,mayrequiremanufacturerinstructionsSingle test:(18hrvendingstate+6hraccessory‐onlylowpowermode)ൈrefrigerationlowpowermodecreditQuantitative,easy toimplement,repeatable,captures thevariationsamongaccessorylowpowermodesDoesnotcapturevariationamongrefrigeration lowpowermodes62ProposedLowPowerModeTestMethod•DOEproposestoestablishaphysicaltestwiththefollowingtestperiods:TimeFromStart ofTestTimePeriod Operation‐12to0hr Stabilizationtwosuccessive6‐hrperiodsarewithin2%ofeachother.0to18hr VendingStateTestPeriodallequipment andaccessoriesenergizedasspecified;adjustableenergymanagementcontrolssettohighest‐energy‐consumingstate;provideanyphysicalstimuliorotherinputtothemachinethatmaybeneededtopreventautomaticactivationoflowpowermodesduringthevendingstatetestperiod18to24hr AccessoryLowPowerModeTestPeriodenableoperationofaccessorylowpowermodes63RefrigerationLowPowerModeCredit•Toaccountforthepotentialenergysavingsattributabletorefrigerationlowpowermodes,DOEproposesa3%energycreditbeappliedtoanyequipmentwitharefrigerationlowpowermode.–DOEbelieves3%isareasonableestimateofexpectedsavingsfroma6‐hourrefrigerationlowpowermodebasedontestresultsfromfiveBVMmodels.•TodeterminetheDECofBVMmodels,themeasured24‐hourenergyconsumptionfromthevendingstateandaccessorylowpowermodetestperiods.࡯ࡱࡰࢎࢃ࢑࢟ࢇࢊൌࢋ࢙ࢁ	࢟ࢍ࢘ࢋ࢔ࡱ	ࢋ࢚ࢇ࢚ࡿ	ࢍ࢔࢏ࢊ࢔ࢋࢂࢎࢃ࢑࢟ࢇࢊ൅ሾ	ࢋ࢙ࢁ	࢟ࢍ࢘ࢋ࢔ࡱ	ࢋࢊ࢕ࡹ	࢘ࢋ࢝࢕ࡼ	࢝࢕ࡸ	࢟࢘࢕࢙ࢋࢉࢉ࡭ࢎࢃ࢑࢟ࢇࢊሿ࢚࢏ࢊࢋ࢘࡯	ࢋࢊ࢕ࡹ	࢘ࢋ࢝࢕ࡼ	࢝࢕ࡸ	࢔࢕࢏࢚ࢇ࢘ࢋࢍ࢏࢘ࢌࢋࡾ ൈ64RefrigerationLowPowerModeVerificationTest•Sincetherefrigerationlowpowermodecreditwillnotverifytheperformanceorexistenceofarefrigerationlowpowermode,DOEisproposinganoptionalrefrigerationlowpowermodeverificationtestconsistingofthefollowingsteps:–Initiate therefrigerationlowpowermodeaftercompletionofthe24‐hourBVMtestperiod andrecordtheaveragetemperatureofthestandardtestpackagesinthenext‐to‐vendbeveragepositionsforatleastthenext2hours.–Overthecourseofthis2‐hourperiod,theinstantaneousaveragenext‐to‐vendbeveragetemperatures mustincreaseabove40°F,remainabove40°Fforatleast1 hour.–Attheconclusionofthe2‐hourperiodtheBVMmust automaticallyreturnto36°F ± 2°Fwithinoperatorintervention.•Thisvalidationtestisnotrequiredtocertifyperformance.–DOEwilluseitforenforcementpurposestoverifytheexistenceofarefrigerationlowpowermode.65IssueforDiscussionLowPowerModeDefinitions‐DOErequestscommentonitsproposeddefinitionsof“lowpowermode,”“refrigerationlowpowermode,”and“accessorylowpowermode.”66IssueforDiscussionLowPowerModeVendingState‐DOErequestscommentonitsproposalthatunitsrunatthemostenergy‐consuminglightingandcontrolsettings,exceptasotherwisespecified,duringtheBVMtestprocedure,exceptforduringthe6‐hourlowpowermodetestperiod.DOErequestscommentonitsproposaltorequire,aspartofthetestprocedure,whateverstimuliarenecessarytopreventautomaticactivationoflowpowermodesduringthevendingstatetestprocedure.67IssueforDiscussionLowPowerModeRefrigerationLowPowerMode‐DOErequestscommentonwhetheracreditequalto3percentofthemeasuredDECisreflectiveofthe6hoursoftimeinrefrigerationlowpowermode.DOErequestscommentontherefrigerationlowpowermodevalidationtestand,particularly,ifa 1‐hourtimeperiodinwhichtheinstantaneousaverageofallstandardtestpackagesinthenext‐to‐vendbeveragepositionismaintainedabove40°Fisappropriatetoverifytheperformanceofrefrigerationlowpowermodes.68IssueforDiscussionLowPowerModeDOErequestscommentonwhetheritsproposedmethodisrepresentativeof equipmentthatcanuselowpowermodes.DOErequestscommenton whethertheproposedmethodreflectstypicalfielduse.DOErequestscommentonwhether6hoursisanappropriatelengthoftimeforthelowpowermodetestperiod.DOErequestsinformationontheprevalenceofnon‐cycling(variable‐speed)compressorsintheBVMindustry.DOErequestscommentonwhetheraphysicaltestmethodwouldbeamorerepresentativeandaccuratemethodtoaccountforlowpowermodeoperation,includingrefrigerationlowpowermode.69PublicMeetingSlidesTopics1Introductions2Stakeholder Opening Statements3Regulatory History & Scope4Appendix A5Appendix B6Small Business Impacts7Closing Remarks70RequestforClosingRemarksAtthistimeDOEwelcomesanyclosingremarksfrominterestedparties.71Reminder:HowtoSubmitComments•PublicMeeting – oralcommentswillbecapturedinthetranscriptandbecomepartofthepublicrecord.•Writtencomments – NOPRcommentperiodopenuntilOctober27,2014.Referencedocket#:EERE–2013–BT–TP–0045and/orRIN#:1904–AD07Email:BVM2013TP0045@ee.doe.govMail:Mrs.BrendaEdwardsU.S.DepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologiesProgram1000IndependenceAvenueSW.,MailstopEE‐2JWashington,DC20585‐0121Courier: Mrs.BrendaEdwardsU.S.DepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologiesProgram950L'EnfantPlaza,Suite600Washington,DC20024Telephone:(202)586‐294572 |EnergyEfficiencyandRenewableEnergyeere.energy.govEnergyConservationStandards:PreliminaryAnalysisforRefrigeratedBeverageVendingMachinesSeptember16,2014RonaldMajetteDepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologiesProgramEERE‐2013‐BT‐STD‐0022BVM2013STD0022@ee.doe.gov73Agenda1:00– 1:30pmIntroduction1:30– 1:45pmMarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening1:45– 2:00pmEngineeringAnalysis2:00– 2:30pmPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis2:30– 2:45pmMarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis2:45– 3:00pmLife‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis3:00– 3:15pmShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis3:15– 3:30pmNextSteps3:30– 3:45pmClosingCommentsfromParticipants3:45– 4:00pmClosingRemarks74RequestforCommentDOEwelcomescomments,data,andinformationconcerningitspreliminaryanalysisforrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachines(BVMs).IssuesthatcorrespondtothoseraisedinDOE’spublishedmaterialwillbenumberedinaccordancewiththatmaterial.Whetherinvitedbyanissueboxornot,commentsarewelcomeonanypartofDOE’sanalysis.IssuesforDiscussion•Issue“boxes”correspondtothelistofissuesforwhichtheDepartmentseekscomments.•Thelistofissuesisinthepreliminaryanalysisnotice,availableat:http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EERE‐2013‐BT‐STD‐0022‐0021•ThedeadlineforsubmittingcommentsisOctober7,2014.75HowtoSubmitWrittenCommentsInallcorrespondence,pleaserefertothisrulemakingby:– StandardsforRefrigeratedBeverageVendingMachines– DocketNumberEERE‐2013‐BT‐STD‐0022– RegulationIdentificationNumber(RIN)1904‐AD00Email:BVM2013STD0022@ee.doe.govPostal:CourierMs.BrendaEdwardsMs.BrendaEdwardsU.S.DepartmentofEnergyU.S.DepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologiesProgram,BuildingTechnologiesProgram,Suite600MailstopEE‐5B950L’EnfantPlaza,SW1000IndependenceAvenue,SWWashington,DC20024Washington,DC20585‐0121Tel:202586‐2945CommentperiodclosesOctober7,2014,11:59PMET76OpeningRemarksMeetingparticipantsareinvitedtoprovideopeningremarksorstatementsatthistime.77PublicMeetingTopics1RegulatoryHistoryandOverview2MarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening3EngineeringAnalysis4PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis5MarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis6Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis7ShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis8NextSteps78RegulatoryHistory•EnergyPolicyandConservationActof1975(EPCA)P.L.94‐163–Setforthavarietyofprovisionsdesignedtoimprovetheenergyefficiencyofvariousproductsandequipment–PartBofTitleIIIprovidesforthe“EnergyConservationProgramforConsumerProductsOtherthanAutomobiles”(42U.S.C.6291‐6309)–ApartofthisprogramdirectedDOEtoprescribeenergyconservationstandardsforbeveragevendingmachines(42U.S.C.6295(v))–DOEpublishedafinalruleestablishingstandardsforrefrigeratedbottledorcannedbeveragevendingmachinesinAugust2009.74FR44914(Aug.31,2009)•EPCAalsorequires,within6yearsafterissuanceofanyfinalruleestablishingoramendingastandard,DOEtopublish:–Adeterminationthatexistingstandardsdonotrequireamendments,or–ANoticeofProposedRulemaking(NOPR)withnewproposedenergyconservationstandards42US.C.6295(m)(1)•DOEisundertakingthisrulemakingtomeetthisEPCArequirement79DefinitionofCoveredEquipment•EPCAdefinition:–Theterm‘refrigeratedbottledorcannedbeveragevendingmachine’means acommercialrefrigeratorthatcoolsbottledorcannedbeveragesanddispensesthebottledorcannedbeveragesonpayment(42U.S.C.6291(40))80EnergyConservationStandardsHistory•The2009BVMfinalruleestablishedthefollowing(current)energyconservationstandardsforbeveragevendingmachines,forwhichcomplianceisrequiredasofAugust31,2012:Equipment ClassMaximumDailyEnergyConsumption[kWh/day]As afunctionofrefrigeratedvolume,VA0.055xV+2.56B0.073xV+ 3.16Combination[Reserved]81StandardsRulemakingTimeline20152013 201420162017Milestone DatePreliminaryAnalysisPublication August8,2014PreliminaryAnalysisPublicMeetingSeptember16,2016CommentPeriodEndsOctober7,2014NOPRPublication(projected) Q22015FinalRulePublication(projected) Q2201682PublicMeetingTopics1RegulatoryHistoryandOverview2MarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening3EngineeringAnalysis4PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis5MarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis6Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis7ShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis8NextSteps83PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergy UseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife-CycleCost andPaybackPeriod AnalysisMarket &TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR84MarketandTechnologyAssessment•Purpose:–Defineproductclasses–Characterizetherefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachineindustry–Identifyexistingregulatoryandvoluntaryefficiencyprograms–Gatherhistoricalshipmentsandotherrelevantmarketdata–Identifytechnologyoptionsforimprovingefficiency85ProductClasses•Whenevaluatingandestablishingenergyconservationstandards,DOEgenerallydividescoveredproductsintoproductclassesbythetypeofenergyusedorbycapacityorotherperformance‐relatedfeaturesthataffectefficiency.86EquipmentClasses•DOEconducteditspreliminaryanalysisusingthefollowingproductclassdefinitions:–ClassAmeansarefrigeratedbottledorcannedbeveragevendingmachinethatisfullycooled,andisnotacombinationvendingmachine.–ClassBmeansanyrefrigeratedbottledorcannedbeveragevendingmachinenotconsideredtobeClassA,andisnotacombinationvendingmachine.–Combinationvendingmachinemeans arefrigeratedbottledorcannedbeveragevendingmachinethatalsohasnonrefrigeratedvolumesforthepurposeofvendingother,non‐“sealedbeverage”merchandise.•DOEanalyzedtwotypesofcombinationvendingmachines–ComboAunitswithafully‐cooledrefrigeratedcompartment–ComboBunitswithafully‐cooledrefrigeratedcompartment87Manufacturers•DOEhasidentified7manufacturersthatmakerefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachinesfortheAmericanmarket1. AutomaticMerchandisingSystems,Inc.2. CraneMerchandising3. JofemarUSA4. Multi‐MaxDistributedVendingSystems5. RoyalVendors,Inc.6. Sanden‐VendoAmerica7. SeagaManufacturing•Thereisalargerangeofmarketsharesamongmanufacturers–LargestmarketsharesheldbymanufacturersthatsupplyBVMstobottlers88EfficiencyDistribution:ClassA•TheplotbelowshowsthecurrentavailabilityofClassAbeveragevendingmachines,basedonthecurrenttestconditions.Source: DOE-certified beverage vending machines http://www.regulations.doe.gov/certification-data/)33.23.43.63.844.24.44.64.815 20 25 30 35 40

Daily Energy Consumption [kWh/day]RefrigeratedVolume[ft3]E‐Star3.0StandardDOEBVM1Standard89EfficiencyDistribution:ClassB•TheplotbelowshowsthecurrentavailabilityofClassBbeveragevendingmachines,basedonthecurrenttestconditions.Source: DOE-certified beverage vending machines (http://www.regulations.doe.gov/certification-data/)22.533.544.555.566.55 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Daily Energy Consumption [kWh/day]RefrigeratedVolume[ft3]E‐Star3.0StandardDOEBVM1Standard90Technology Assessment•Purpose:–Todevelopapreliminarylistoftechnologyoptionsthatcouldimprovetheefficiencyofcommercialrefrigerationequipment.•Thislistisexaminedingreaterdetail,andinappropriatetechnologiesremoved,insubsequentanalyses.•Method:–DOEidentifiedtechnologyoptionsfrom:•Literaturereview•Reviewofcommerciallyavailableequipment•Commentsandinputfromstakeholders•AlltechnologyoptionsaredescribedinChapter3oftheTSD.91TechnologyAssessment•DOEidentifiedthefollowinginitialtechnologyoptionsthatcouldbeusedtoimproveenergyefficiencyinrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachines:InitialTechnologyOptionsforBVMsHigherefficiencylighting Improvedcondenser designHigherefficiencyevaporatorfanmotors Higherefficiency condenserfanmotorsHigherefficiencyevaporatorfanblades Higher efficiencycondenserfanbladesImproved evaporatordesignVariable‐speedcompressorsLowpressuredifferentialevaporators Liquid suctionheatexchangersImprovedorthickerinsulation Higherefficiency expansionvalvesImprovedglasspack(fortransparent‐frontmachines)Improved anti‐sweatheatersHigherefficiency compressors Lowpowerstates92RequestforCommentItem4.2: DOEwelcomesinputonadditionaltechnologyoptionsthatcouldreduceBVMenergyconsumptionasevaluatedbytheDOEbeveragevendingmachinetestprocedure.TechnologyAssessment93PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergy UseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife-CycleCost andPaybackPeriod AnalysisMarket &TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR94ScreeningAnalysis•Purpose:–Identifyanytechnologiestobeeliminatedfromfurtherconsideration.•DOEscreensouttechnologyoptionsbasedonfourfactors:1. Technologicalfeasibility2. Practicabilitytomanufacture,install,andservice3. Impactsonproductutilitytoconsumers;and4. Effectsonhealthorsafety95Screened‐OutTechnologies•Notechnologieswerescreenedoutuponapplicationofthefourscreeningfactors.•Twotechnologieswereeliminatedduetonotaffectingtesteddailyenergyconsumption:–Higherefficiencyexpansionvalves–Liquid‐suctionheatexchangers96PublicMeetingTopics1RegulatoryHistoryandOverview2MarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening3EngineeringAnalysis4PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis5MarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis6Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis7ShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis8NextSteps97PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergy UseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife-CycleCost andPaybackPeriod AnalysisMarket &TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR98EngineeringAnalysis•Purpose:–Evaluatedesignoptionsthatimproveefficiency–Characterizemanufacturerproductioncost(MPC)versusefficiencyforhigher‐efficiencyBVMsDownstreamAnalysis• Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis• NationalImpactAnalysis• ManufacturerImpactAnalysisManufacturerProductionCost–EfficiencyRelationship

Manufacturer Selling Price (MSP)EnergyConsumptionLevel99EngineeringAnalysisProcessTheengineeringanalysisforBVMswasconductedasfollows:1.ProductTestingConducttestsaccordingtocurrentandproposedDOETestProcedures.2.TeardownPerformteardownstodetermineproductdesignsandmanufacturingcosts.3.DesignOptionsIdentifyandcharacterizedesignoptionswhichcanbeimplementedtoincreaseequipmentefficiency.4.ModelPerformanceModelequipmentenergyperformanceateachlevelofdesignoptionimplementationforseveralrepresentativesizesineachclass.5.ModelCostandPriceGeneratemanufacturerproductioncostsforeachmodeledunit,addmarkupandshippingtocalculatemanufacturersellingprices.6.Cost‐EfficiencyCurvesCreatecost‐efficiencycurvesfromtheperformanceandmanufacturerproductioncostresults.100ProductTeardowns•DOEdisassembledbeveragevendingmachinesfromseveralmanufacturers.•BillsofMaterial(BOMs)weregenerated,describingtheproductcomponentsindetailandincludingestimatesofmaterials,labor,capitalequipment,andoverheadcosts.•Teardownsprovidedinformationregardingbaselinemachineconfigurations,equipmentcasecosts,anddesignoptions.•Chapter5oftheTechnicalSupportDocument(TSD)providesadditionaldetailsonDOE’steardownandcostmodelmethodology.101DesignOptions•SixteentechnologieswerescreenedinthroughtheScreeningAnalysis.•Ofthose,sixwereremovedfromconsiderationintheEngineeringAnalysisduetocompetingeffects,lackofdataonperformance,orotherfactors:–Higherefficiencyevaporator–Higherefficiencycondenserfanblades–Low‐pressuredifferentialevaporators–Improvementstoanti‐sweatheaters–Variable‐speedcompressors–Microchannelheatexchangers102DesignOptions•Thefollowingtechnologieswereimplementedasdesignoptions:–Higherefficiencylighting–Higherefficiencyevaporatorfanmotors–Improvedevaporatordesign–Improvedorthickerinsulation–Higherefficiencycompressors–Improvedcondenserdesign–Higherefficiencycondenserfanmotors–Improvedglasspackdesign(forClassAmachines)–Lightingcontrols–Low‐powerrefrigerationcontrols,timers,and/orsensors103RepresentativeSizes•Thefollowingrepresentativesizedesignationsandspecificationswereused:EquipmentClassRefrigeratedVolume(ft3)SizeDesignationClassA 17 SmallClassA 22 MediumClassA 34 LargeClassB 17 SmallClassB 22 MediumClassB 26 LargeComboA 9 MediumComboA 12 LargeComboB 4 MediumComboB 5 Large104PerformanceModeling•TherepresentativeunitanddesignoptiondatawereusedasthemajorinputsintoDOE’sperformancemodel.•ThisExcel‐basedmodelcalculatesequipmentperformanceundertheDOEtestprocedure(kWh/dayconsumedperproposedappendixB)forbaselineandimprovedequipmentconfigurations.•Therepresentativesizesineachclassweremodeledatthebaseline,aswellasatefficiencylevelscorrespondingtoimplementationofeachapplicabledesignoptioninorderofascendingpaybackperiod.•ModelingwasconductedforequipmentwithbothR‐134aandR‐744(carbondioxide)refrigerant.•TheoutputwasasetofperformanceresultsconsistingofthemodeledenergyconsumptioninkWh/dayforeachanalyzedconfigurationandrefrigerant,uptothemax‐techlevel.•Detailsoftheperformanceanalysisareincludedinthenextslides.105PerformanceModeling:OverviewTheBVMperformancemodelwasdevelopedinthe2009rulemakingandupdatedforthisrulemaking.Itiscomposedoftwomainparts:1) CaseHeatLoadModel(underDOETP75Fambienttestconditions)–Accountsforthermalloads,includingconductionthroughdoorsandwalls,radiationthroughopenings,andheatandmoistureadditionduetowarmairinfiltration.–Calculatesheatintroducedintocasebyelectricityuseofinternalcomponentsincludingfans,lighting,defrost,andanti‐sweat.2) RefrigerationSystemPerformanceModel–Compressorpowerinputiscalculatedusingcompressorperformancedata.Modelingofheatexchangereffectivenessisusedtoestimatecompressoroperatingconditions.–Theenergyuseofauxiliarycomponentssuchaslightingandfansisbasedoncomponentpowerinputandruntime.Thesystemenergyusageiscalculatedasthesumoftherefrigerationsystemandauxiliarycomponentenergyconsumption.106PerformanceModeling:HeatLoadCalculationsLoadcalculationsarebasedonthegeometryanddesignparametersoftheunitmodeled,aswellasontheconditionsoftheDOEtestprocedure,andinclude:DOETPconditions:75°F,45%relativehumidityRadiation through glass.Key parameters: case andambient temperatures, door Ufactor, glass area.Evaporator fan powerrejected into case as heat.Key parameters: fan input power,number of fans, run time.Lighting power emittedinto case as heat (intransparent front units).Key parameters: lightingwattage per fixture, number offixtures, run time.• Case geometries and design parameters based on manufacturerliterature.• Thermal performance of case and components based onmanufacturer and supplier literature and interviews.Conduction throughwalls and glass.Key parameters: insulation Rvalue, wall area,glass area, Ufactor, temperature differential.Warm air infiltration intocase.Key parameters: rate of infiltration,test chamber conditions.107PerformanceModeling:RefrigerationSystem•Refrigerationsystemperformancesimulationisdrivenbycompressormodeling–Compressorenergyconsumptioniscalculatedbasedonperformance“maps”obtainedfromcompressorsuppliersbasedontestingperANSI/AHRIStandard540.–Compressor“maps”providecompressorperformance(capacity,powerinput,etc.)basedonoperatingconditions(suctionanddischargepressureandtemperature).–Withintheengineeringmodel,suctionanddischargeconditionsarecalculatedasafunctionofthedesignairtemperaturesandthedesignoftheheatexchangers.–Heatexchangerdesignparametersweredevelopedthroughfirst‐principlesmodelingbyanoutsidesubjectmatterexpert.•Auxiliarycomponentperformancecompletestheenergyuseestimate–Fanandauxiliarycomponentenergyconsumptionarethencalculatedandaddedtothecompressorelectricityconsumption.108PerformanceModel:Refrigerants•IntheEngineeringAnalysis,DOEmodeledequipmentusingR134aandR744,themostoften‐usedrefrigerantsintheAmericanBVMindustry.•Theshareofnon‐HFCunitsiscurrentlysmall,butDOErealizesthatnon‐HFCrefrigerantsrepresentagrowingportionofthemarketplace.•DOEalsoisremainingapprisedofactionsbytheEPASNAPprogramwhichcouldsignificantlyalterthelandscapeofavailablerefrigerants,andwilladjustitsanalysesaccordinglyasneeded.109CostModel•DOEdevelopedcostsforthemodeledequipmentinseveralphases:–Costsforthe“corecase”ofthecabinets,includingallnon‐energy‐consumingcomponents,weredevelopedfromteardownsofunitscurrentlyonthemarket.–Costsforenergy‐consumingcomponentsanddesignoptionsweredevelopedthroughresearchofindustryliterature,supplierpricequotes,andmanufacturerinterviews.–Estimatesofmanufacturermarkupweredevelopedinthe2009rulemakingandusedagainduetolackofanynewinformation.•DesignoptioncostswereappliedtocorecasecostsateachmodeledefficiencyleveltoyieldManufacturerProductionCost(MPC)values.MarkupsandoutboundfreightwereaddedtoyieldManufacturerSellingPrice(MSP)values.110RequestforCommentItem4.3: DOErequestsinformationregardingthecostsassociatedwiththedesignoptionsunderconsideration,aswellasforanytechnologyoptionswhichshouldbeconsideredattheNOPRstage.Item4.4: DOErequestscommentanddataregardingthecostandperformanceofcompressors,heatexchangers,andotherrefrigerationsystemcomponentsforcarbondioxideandhydrocarbonrefrigerationsystemsinthebeveragevendingmachinecapacityrange.CostModel111Cost‐EfficiencyCurves•Thefinaloutputoftheengineeringanalysisisasetofcost‐efficiencycurves,oneforeachanalyzedequipmentconfigurationandrefrigerant,depictingequipmentcostandperformanceateachefficiencylevelmodeled.•Theseserveastheinputstothedownstreamanalyses,andasthebasisfordevelopmentoftrialstandardlevels.$1,500.00$1,750.00$2,000.00$2,250.00$2,500.00$2,750.00$3,000.002 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Manufacturer Selling Price [$]DailyEnergyConsumption[kWh/day]Cost-Efficiency CurveClass B – Medium – R-134a112PublicMeetingTopics1RegulatoryHistoryandOverview2MarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening3EngineeringAnalysis4PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis5MarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis6Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis7ShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis8NextSteps113PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergy UseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife-CycleCost andPaybackPeriod AnalysisMarket &TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR114•Purpose–Toidentifytheimpactsofenergyconservationstandardsonmanufacturers.•Phase1–DOEcreatesanindustryprofiletocharacterizetheindustryandidentifyimportantissuesthatrequireconsideration.•Phase2–DOEpreparesanindustrycash‐flowmodelandaninterviewquestionnairetoguidesubsequentdiscussionswithmanufacturers.•Phase3–DOEinterviewsmanufacturers,andassessestheimpactsofstandardsbothquantitatively(usingtheGovernmentRegulatoryImpactModel)andqualitatively(impactsoncompetition,manufacturingcapacity,employment,andregulatoryburden).ManufacturerImpactAnalysis‐OverviewIndustryprofileDeveloppreliminaryGRIMDevelopinterviewguideInterviews& industrysubgroupanalysesAssessemployment,competition,capacity, ®ulatoryburdensPhase 2Phase 3Phase 1115•DOEhasidentifiedthefollowinggeneralareasofinteresttobeinvestigatedduringtheMIA:–Customerimpactsandperformancerequirements–Currentmarketconditions–Cumulativeregulatoryburden–Splitincentiveproblems–Profitability–SmallbusinessimpactsPreliminaryMIAKeyIssues116IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentItemA: DOErequestscommentonitsidentificationofkeyissuesandrequestsdataandinformationfrominterestedpartiesthatcanassistinevaluatingthepotentialimpactonmanufacturers.ItemB: DOEconsiderstheimpactsoncertainmanufacturersubgroups,includingsmallbusinessmanufacturers,thathavedifferentcoststructuresoroperatewithindifferentregulatoryframeworksintheNOPRstage.DOErequestsfeedbackonsubgroupstoanalyzeand/orcharacteristicsappropriateforsubgroupanalysis.117PublicMeetingTopics1RegulatoryHistoryandOverview2MarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening3EngineeringAnalysis4PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis5MarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis6Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis7ShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis8NextSteps118PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergy UseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife-CycleCost andPaybackPeriod AnalysisMarket &TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR119119•Purpose:–Characterizedistributionchannelsandmarketsegments.–Estimatecustomerpricesbasedonmanufacturersellingprice(MSP).•Approach:–Wholesalermarkupsarebasedonthe“ProfessionalandCommercialEquipmentandSupplies”industrydatafromtheU.S.Census2007WholesaleTradeReport.Markups AnalysisMarkupsAnalysis85% 10% 5%120MarkupsAnalysisMarkupTypes•BaselineMarkups:–RelatetheMSPofbaselineequipmenttothecustomerpurchaseprice.–Indicateacustomerpricethatcoversthewholesaler’sexpensesplusprofit.•IncrementalMarkups:–RelatetheincreaseinMSPofmoreefficientequipmenttotheincreaseincustomerpurchaseprice.–CoveronlyexpensesthatvarywithMSP,inthiscase,expensesthatincreaseduetoanefficiencystandard.•DOEappliesbaselinemarkupstotheMSPofthebaselinelevel,andtheincrementalmarkupstotheincrementaldifferenceinMSPineachlevelabovethebaseline.121MarkupsAnalysisOverallMarkupsDistributionChannelManufacturerBottler/DistributorManufacturerWholesalerOperator/SiteOwnerBaseline Incremental Baseline IncrementalManufacturer1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26Wholesaler‐ ‐1.48 1.30SalesTax1.071 1.071 1.071 1.071OverallMarkup1.349 1.349 1.997 1.754122PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergyUseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysisMarket&TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR123Purpose:•Annualenergyuseisthesiteenergyuseassociatedwithoperatingtheequipment.•DevelopdistributionsofannualenergyuserepresentativeofcustomersinU.S.•ThesedistributionsareusedintheLCCandPBPanalysistocalculateannualoperatingcosts.Method:•Developdistributionofvolumes.•Developdistributionofindoorandoutdoorequipment.•EstimateenergyusewithDOEtestprocedureandsimulationmodel.EnergyUseAnalysis124ClassAandB:•EstimatedfromComplianceCertificationManagementSystemdatabaseandlistofENERGYSTARqualifiedequipment.CombinationAandCombinationB:•Usedsizesfromtheengineeringanalysis.•Estimated50%ofthemarketatmediumsizeand50%atlargesize.DistributionofRefrigeratedVolumeClassA ClassBVolumerange(cu.ft.)Marketshare(%)Volumerange(cu.ft.)Marketshare(%)Small<18 0 <18 23Medium18to28 36 18to23 18Large>=28 64 >=23 59125IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentIssue4.14:ShouldDOEcontinuetousetheCCMSandENERGYSTARmodelavailabilitydatabasestoestimaterefrigeratedvolumeofClassAandClassBequipmentshipments,weightedbyanassumedENERGYSTARcomplianceof93percent?ForCombo‐AandCombo‐Bequipment,shouldDOEassumethat25percentofequipmentshippedcorrespondstoeachrefrigeratedvolumethatDOEmodeled?126ClassAandComboA:•100%indoor.ClassBandCombinationB:•84%indoor,16%outdoor.•Estimatedusinginformationfromcollegesanduniversitiesaroundthecountry.DistributionofIndoorandOutdoorEquipment127•Estimatebaselinedailyenergyuse.•ClassAandClassB:usevaluesfromcurrentstandard,asmeasuredbyDOEtestprocedure.•Combination:usevaluesfromengineeringanalysis.•Convertdailyenergyusetoannualenergyuse.•Indoor:multiplydailyenergyuseby365days.•Outdoor:multiplydailyenergyuseby365daysandadjustmentfactor.•Outdooradjustmentfactor.•Adjustsdailyenergyuseinresponsetoclimateofeachstate.•Basedonsimulationmodelusedin2009BVMFinalRule.•Average:0.8.•Range:0.6to1.04.CalculateAnnualEnergyUse128IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentIssue4.16:ShouldDOErelyondatafromsixU.S.collegecampusestodeterminethatthefractionofoutdooruse(≈16%),andshoulditfurtheruseregressionsbasedon2009BVMFinalRuleengineeringanalysisresultstoscaleDEC(fromDOEtestdata)toAEC,takingintoaccountstate‐by‐stateadjustmentfactors?129EnergyUseAnalysisAnnualEnergyConsumption‐ClassesA&BBVMsEquipmentClassA(29.6cu.ft.) EquipmentClassB(23.4cu.ft.)EfficiencylevelPercentageofbaselineenergyuseAnnualenergyconsumption(kWh/yr)PercentageofbaselineenergyuseAnnualenergyconsumption(kWh/yr)EL0(Baseline)100 1525 100 1717EL195 144895 1631EL290 137290 1545EL385 129685 1459EL480 122080 1373EL575 114475 1288EL670 106770 1202EL765 99165 1116EL860 91560 1030EL957(HFC)59(CO2)869(HFC)900(CO2)55 944EL1050 858EL1149(HFConly) 841130EnergyUseAnalysisAnnualEnergyConsumption‐CombinationBVMsComboA(Refrigeratedvolume10.3cu.ft.)ComboB(Refrigeratedvolume4.3cu.ft.)EfficiencylevelPercentageofbaselineenergyuseAnnualenergyconsumption(kWh/yr)PercentageofbaselineenergyuseAnnualenergyconsumption(kWh/yr)EL0(Baseline)100 2222 100 1718EL190 2000 90 1546EL280 1778 80 1374EL370 1556 70 1203EL460 1333 60 1031EL555 1222 55 945EL650 1111 50 859EL745 1000 45 773EL840 889 41 704EL935 778EL1030 667EL1129 644131PublicMeetingTopics1RegulatoryHistoryandOverview2MarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening3EngineeringAnalysis4PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis5MarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis6Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis7ShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis8NextSteps132PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergy UseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife-CycleCost andPaybackPeriod AnalysisMarket &TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR133Life‐CycleCost(LCC)andPaybackPeriod(PBP)AnalysisPurpose:•Provideaneconomicevaluationfromtheend‐user’sperspective.•Life‐CycleCost(LCC)isthetotalcustomercostoverthelifeoftheequipment.•PaybackPeriod(PBP)isthetimerequiredtorecovertheincreasedpurchasepriceofmoreenergy‐efficientequipmentthroughreducedoperatingcosts.Method:•Usecustomersamplesdevelopedintheenergyuseanalysis.•DeterminetotalinstalledcostsforeachEL.•Determineoperatingcostsforfirstyearandlifetimeofequipment.•CalculatePBPbydividingaverageincreaseininstalledcostbyaveragedecreaseinfirst‐yearoperatingcost.•CalculateLCCbyaddinginstalledcostandlifetimeoperatingcosts.•CalculateLCCsavingsbysubtractingLCCofeachELfromLCCoftheELthatpurchaserwouldpurchaseintheabsenceofanewstandard.134•MonteCarlosampleof10,000samplecustomers.•Geographiclocation•2005InterimStatePopulationProjectionstodeterminetheprobabilitythataBVMislocatedinaparticularstate.•Buildinguse•2007StateoftheVendingIndustryreportusedtodeterminethedistributionofbuildingtypes(e.g.,manufacturer,office,school).CustomerSample135•TotalInstalledCostisthesumofequipmentpriceandinstallationcost.•Equipmentpriceprovidedbymarkupsanalysis.•Apricelearningfactorof0.91wasappliedtoderivetheequipmentpricein2019basedonpricesfrom2013.•ThepricetrendisbasedonanexponentialfittotheProducerPriceIndex(PPI)seriesfor“automaticmerchandisingmachines,excludingparts”industryfor1967to2013,withanaverageannualpricedeclineof1.48%.•Installationcostsrepresentthelaborandmaterialsnecessarytoinstalltheappliance•Basedontheperson‐hoursrequiredtoinstallBVMsfromdatabyFoster‐Miller,Inc.andlaborratesfromtheU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics.TotalInstalledCost136IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentIssue4.15:ShouldDOEapplyanexponentialpricedeclinetrendbasedonPPIdatafor“automaticmerchandisingmachines,excludingparts”duringthetimeperiodof1967to2013,toprojectthefutureequipmentpricesofrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachines?137•Annualenergyconsumptionprovidedbyenergyuseanalysis.•DOEestimatedstate‐levelelectricitypricesfromEIAForm826data.•DOEusedAnnualEnergyOutlook(AEO)2014forprojectionsoffutureaverageenergypricesforeachcensusdivision.AnnualEnergyCost138•EstimatedrepaircostformachineswithandwithoutLEDlightingfromFoster‐MillerInc.•$119forLED,$139fornon‐LED.•EstimatedlevelswithLEDlightingin2019.•ClassA:Alllevels•ClassB:EL8andhigher•Combo‐A:EL5andhigher•Combo‐B:EL7andhigher•EstimatedannualmaintenancecostfromRSMeans.•$34foralllevels.•Estimatedannualizedrefurbishmentcostfroma2006ENERGYSTARreport.•$88foralllevels.MaintenanceandRepairCosts139IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentItem4.5:Whataretheaveragecostsofrefurbishment,asdistinctfrommaintenanceandrepaircost,thatrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachinesincurovertheirlifetime?Item4.11:AretheaverageannualcostsofrepairandmaintenanceforrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachineswithandwithoutLEDlightingandforannualpreventativemaintenancereasonable?Isthereanappreciablefractionofrepairandmaintenanceworkdoneintheshopvs.inthefieldthatwouldshiftrepairandmaintenanceand/orrefurbishmentcostassumptions?Item4.13: IsDOE’sassumptionreasonablethat100percentofnewshipmentsofClassArefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachineswillhaveLEDlightingby2019?140•DOEusedinformationfromavailableliteraturesourcestoestablishspecificbeveragevendingmachinelifetimes.•AveragelifetimeforBVMis13.4years(min=8years;max=30years).•NochangeinlifetimewithEL.Lifetime0%20%40%60%80%100%120%0 10 20 30 40Age(years)PercentSurviving141IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentIssue4.10:DOEestimatedanaveragelifetimeof13.4yearsforrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachineswithaWeibull‐shapedsurvivalfunction.Isthisareasonableapproximationofreal‐worldBVMlifetimebehavior?ShouldDOEcontinuetoassumethatmachinesatallefficiencylevelshavethesamelifetime?142•Usedtoconvertstreamsofannualoperatingexpensestotheyearofpurchase(i.e.,2019).•Estimatedastheweightedaveragecostofcapitalusingcapitalassetpricingmodel(CAPM).•DamodaranOnlineisasourceofinformationaboutcompanydebtandequityfinancing.•Financialcostofanydebtincurredtopurchaseequipment•Opportunitycostofanyequitytopurchaseequipment•DiscountrateswereestimatedforthetypesoffirmsonwhosepremisetheBVMislocated.•ForleasedBVMs,DOEassumedthatthepurchaserswouldpassonhigherequipmentpricesthroughtheleasingarrangement.DiscountRates143IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentIssue4.17:WhatarethefinancialarrangementsbetweenBVMownersandthepartythatpaysfortheenergycosts?Isitareasonableassumptionthattheincreasedcostofthemore‐efficientBVMequipmentcanbepassedontothepartythatpaystheenergycosts?144•Basecaseisusedtoestimatetheshareofcustomersaffectedbyaparticularefficiencylevelin2019.•DOEestimatedthebasecaseefficiencydistributionbycombiningDOE’scompliancecertificationdatabaseandtheENERGYSTARdatabase.•DOEestimatedthat93percentofrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachinessalesareENERGYSTAR.EnergyEfficiencyintheBaseCase145IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentIssue4.12:ShouldDOEcontinuetousetheCCMSandENERGYSTARdatabasestoestimateefficienciesofClassAandClassBequipmentshipments,weightedbyanassumedENERGYSTARcomplianceof93percentforeach?ShouldDOEassumethatallclassCombinationshipmentsareatthebaselineenergylevel(EL0)?146ExampleResultsforClassAHFC147PublicMeetingTopics1RegulatoryHistoryandOverview2MarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening3EngineeringAnalysis4PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis5MarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis6Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis7ShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis8NextSteps148PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergy UseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife-CycleCost andPaybackPeriod AnalysisMarket &TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR149•Purpose:‒Quantifychangesovertimeinequipmentshipmentsduetopotentialamendedenergyefficiencystandards.‒Estimatethedisaggregationofshipmentsintoequipmentclasses,andhowtheshipmentsbyequipmentclasschangeovertime.•Method:‒TheshipmentsmodelreliesonENERGYSTARmarketpenetrationreports.‒Themodelaccountsforreplacementshipmentsonly.‒Thetotalnumberofmachinesinstockarebelievedtobedeclining.‒Shipmentshaveremainedrelativelystablesince2005.ShipmentsAnalysis150ShipmentsAnalysisInputsInput DataSource/DescriptionReplacementRate ApplianceLifetimefromLife‐Cycle CostAnalysisHistoricalShipments ENERGYSTARmarketpenetrationreportsShipmentsbyEquipmentClass•Combinationmachinesareestimatedas2%ofthetotalmarket(1%eachforcomboAandcomboB)•ClassAandClassBmachinesareestimatedas49%each•Marketsharesareassumedtobefixedovertime151IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentItem4.8: AreDOE’sassumptionsoffixedmarketshareshipmentsofequipmentclasses(49percentClassA,49percentClassB,and2percentCombinationClass)reasonable?152•Depictsthesituationwhereamendedstandardsarenotadopted.•Aconstantshipmentrateof100,000unitsperyearassumedtoaccountfordecreasingtotalstocks.•Shipmentprojectionaccountsforreplacementsonly.Refurbishedunitsassumedtoremaininsamegeographiclocation.•Base‐caseprojectionsdevelopedforeachequipmentclass.•Estimatethatbasecasedistributionofefficiencylevelsremainsconstantbeyond2019.Base‐CaseShipmentsProjection153IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentItem4.6: Willrefurbishmentresultinimprovementstoannualenergyusein2019orlater?Ifso,whatisthenatureoftheimprovementsandhowmuchisannualenergyuseexpectedtodecrease?Item4.7:ShouldDOEcontinuetouseanassumptionofflatBVMshipmentsof100,000unitsperyearstartingin2013?Istheapproximationreasonablethatrefurbishedunitsremaininthesamegeographiclocationaswhentheywerenew?Item4.13:IsDOE’sassumptionreasonablethattheefficiencylevelmarketsharedistributionsremainconstantbeyond2019?154ProjectedShareofMarketbyRefrigerantTypeRefrigerant MarketShare(%)2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020to2048CO22.5 10.0 17.5 25.0 32.5 40.0 43.3 46.7 50.0HFC97.5 90.0 82.5 75.0 67.5 60.0 56.7 53.3 50.0Total100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0•CO2refrigerantbasedshipmentsexpectedtoincreasewithoutregulation,duetocommitmentofmarketleader.•HCrefrigerantshipmentscouldnotbeconsideredasnotyetonSNAPlist.•Themarketshareisnotassumedtovarywithefficiencylevel.155IssuesforCommentRequestforCommentItem4.9:ShouldDOEassumethatshipmentsofCO2refrigerant‐basedrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachinesreach50percentoftotalmarketshareby2020,andthatthisfractionappliesequallytoallequipmentclasses?156•DOEdevelopedStandards‐CaseProjectionsfromthesamedataitusedtodeveloptheBase‐CaseProjection.•Standards‐CaseProjectionsalsousepurchasepriceincreasesandoperatingcostsavingstoestimateshipmentsimpacts.•Marketimpactanalysisshowsonlyhigherefficiencylevelscauseadecreaseinshipments,andthescaleoftheimpactswilldecreaseovertime.TheminimumELatwhichshipmentsdecreaseisshownbelow:StandardsImpactsonShipmentsClassAHFCandCO2ClassBHFCandCO2Combo AHFCComboACO2ComboBHFCandCO2EL4 EL7 EL10 EL11 EL8157PreliminaryAnalysisRulemakingStageEnergy UseAnalysisShipmentsAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysisLife-CycleCost andPaybackPeriod AnalysisMarket &TechnologyScreeningAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisMarkupsAnalysisPreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysisFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPR158•Purpose:‒Determinetheprojectednationalenergysavingsandcustomernationalnetpresentvalue.•Method:‒Developannualseriesofnationalenergyandeconomicimpacts.‒Usetheshipmentsmodeltoestimatethetotalstockofrefrigeratedbeveragevendingmachinesinserviceeachyear.‒Aggregatethecostsandenergyuseperunitinanygivenyear.‒ReportestimatesforeconomicimpactaschangeinconsumerNationalNetPresentValue(NPV)(inconstantyeardollars).‒Accountforthetime‐valueofmoneythroughdefineddiscountrates.NationalImpactAnalysis159ShipmentsModelNationalEnergySavingsNationalEconomicImpactsLCCAnalysisResults andOther InputsNationalEnergy Savings(Quads)NationalNet Present Value(NPV)(2013 US $, billion)•Nationalenergysavingscalculatedforequipmentshippedovertheperiodfrom2019‐2048(30yearsofshipments).•NPVcalculatedforequipmentshippedovertheperiodfrom2019‐2048(30yearsofshipments).NationalImpactAnalysisProcess160NationalEnergySavingsFlowDiagram161NationalConsumerNetPresentValueFlowDiagram162•Shipment‐weightedEfficiency(SWEF)Data:‒Keycomponentsofthenationalimpactanalysisaredependentonshipment‐weightedefficiencies.•Per‐unitannualenergyconsumption—neededtodetermineNES.•Retailpriceandper‐unitannualoperatingcosts—neededtodetermineNPV.•MarketShareEfficiencyData:‒Historicalmarketshareefficiencydatahelpestimatehowstandardswillimpactbase‐caseefficienciesandrevealsthedistributionofequipmentefficienciesforagivenyearbyequipmentclass.‒Marketsharedata(orbase‐caseefficiencydistributions)areusedintheLCCandPBPanalysisandwillalsobeusedinthenationalimpactanalysis.‒DOEhasassumeda“rollup”scenariotoprojectstandardsimpacts.Shipment‐WeightedandMarketShareEfficiencyData163Input DescriptionTotalInstalledCost Annualweighted‐average perunitvaluesasafunctionofefficiencyleveltakenfromtheLCCanalysis.RepairandMaintenanceCostsRepairandmaintenance costsvarywithefficiencylevelforsomeequipmentclasses.AnnualEnergyUse Annualweighted‐averageperunitvaluesasafunctionofefficiencyleveltakenfromLCCanalysis.Base‐CaseEfficiencies Shipments‐weightedefficienciesdeterminedfortheeffectiveyear.Basedonbase‐caseefficiency distributionfromLCCanalysis.Standards‐CaseForecastedEfficienciesRoll‐upscenarioassumedfordeterminingshipment‐weightedefficiencyforeachstandardscase.EnergyPrices AveragepricesandforecastedenergypricesfromEIAAEO2014 forecasts(to2040)andextrapolationto2078.FullFuelCycle Multiplierto convertsiteenergytofull‐fuelcycleenergy.DiscountRate 7 percentand3percentrealfromOMB’sRegulatoryAnalysisGuidelineA‐4.PresentYear Futureexpensesarediscountedtotheyear2013.NationalImpactAnalysisInputs164NationalEnergySavingsFullFuelCycleResults(10‐3quads)NationalImpactAnalysisEquipmentClass EL1 EL2 EL3 EL4 EL5 EL6 EL7 EL8 EL9 EL10EL11A‐HFC0.33 3.83 8.84 15.35 22.35 29.19 35.78 42.22 46.02A‐CO20.33 3.81 8.80 15.28 22.24 28.96 35.53 41.95 43.22B‐HFC0.46 0.92 1.99 5.30 9.22 14.06 19.20 25.54 32.30 38.74 40.05B‐CO20.46 0.92 1.99 5.28 9.18 14.00 19.12 25.34 32.05 38.51ComboA‐HFC0.42 0.83 1.25 1.67 1.88 2.09 2.30 2.50 2.71 2.89 2.92ComboA‐CO20.42 0.83 1.25 1.66 1.87 2.08 2.29 2.49 2.70 2.88 2.91ComboB‐HFC0.32 0.65 0.97 1.29 1.45 1.61 1.77 1.87ComboB‐CO20.32 0.64 0.96 1.28 1.45 1.61 1.77 1.86165ExampleNPVResults,EquipmentClassAHFC,EL5-4.0-2.00.02.04.06.08.010.0

Million 2013$YearOperating Cost SavingsIncreased Equipment CostNet Savings166PublicMeetingTopics1RegulatoryHistory,TestProcedures,andOverview2MarketandTechnologyAssessmentandScreening3EngineeringAnalysis4PreliminaryManufacturerImpactAnalysis5MarkupsandEnergyUseAnalysis6Life‐CycleCostandPaybackPeriodAnalysis7ShipmentsandNationalImpactAnalysis8NextSteps167NOPRStageFrameworkDocumentFinalRulePreliminaryAnalysisNOPRManufacturerImpactAnalysisUtilityImpactAnalysisEmploymentImpactAnalysisConsumerSubgroupAnalysisRevisePreliminaryAnalysisEmissionsAnalysisRegulatoryImpactAnalysisEngineeringAnalysisLife-CycleCost &PaybackPeriodAnalysisNationalImpactAnalysis168•LCCSubgroupAnalysis–Effectsonvariousnationalconsumersubgroups•ManufacturerImpactAnalysis–ContinueworkbeguninthepreliminaryMIA•EmissionsAnalysisandMonetizationofEmissionReductionBenefits–Effectsonairbornepollutantemissions•UtilityImpactAnalysis–ModeleffectsongenerationcapacityofutilitiesusingNEMS•EmploymentImpactAnalysis–Indirecteffectsonnationalemployment•RegulatoryImpactAnalysis–Potentialfornon‐regulatoryapproachesNOPRAnalyses169HowtoSubmitWrittenCommentsInallcorrespondence,pleaserefertothisrulemakingby:– StandardsforRefrigeratedBeverageVendingMachines– DocketNumberEERE‐2013‐BT‐STD‐0022– RegulationIdentificationNumber(RIN)1904‐AD00Email:BVM2013STD0022@ee.doe.govPostal:CourierMs.BrendaEdwardsMs.BrendaEdwardsU.S.DepartmentofEnergyU.S.DepartmentofEnergyBuildingTechnologiesProgram,BuildingTechnologiesProgram,Suite600MailstopEE‐5B950L’EnfantPlaza,SW1000IndependenceAvenue,SWWashington,DC20024Washington,DC20585‐0121Tel:202586‐2945CommentperiodclosesOctober7,2014,11:59PMET