Subpart RRR—National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air 

Pollutants for Secondary Aluminum Production

General

§63.1500 Applicability.

(a) The requirements of this subpart apply to the owner or 

operator of each secondary aluminum production facility as 

defined in §63.1503.

(b) The requirements of this subpart apply to the following 

affected sources, located at a secondary aluminum production 

facility that is a major source of hazardous air pollutants 

(HAPs) as defined in §63.2:

(1) Each new and existing aluminum scrap shredder;

(2) Each new and existing thermal chip dryer;

(3) Each new and existing scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln;

(4) Each new and existing group 2 furnace;

(5) Each new and existing sweat furnace;

(6) Each new and existing dross-only furnace;
(7) Each new and existing rotary dross cooler; and

(8) Each new and existing secondary aluminum processing unit.

(c) The requirements of this subpart pertaining to dioxin and 

furan (D/F) emissions and associated operating, monitoring, 

reporting and recordkeeping requirements apply to the following 

affected sources, located at a secondary aluminum production 

facility that is an area source of HAPs as defined in §63.2:

(1) Each new and existing thermal chip dryer;

(2) Each new and existing scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln;

(3) Each new and existing sweat furnace;

(4) Each new and existing secondary aluminum processing unit, 

containing one or more group 1 furnace emission units processing 

other than clean charge.

(d) The requirements of this subpart do not apply to facilities 

and equipment used for research and development that are not 

used to produce a saleable product.

(e) If you are an owner or operator of an area source subject to 

this subpart, you are exempt from the obligation to obtain a 

permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 71, provided you are not required 
to obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 71.3(a) for a reason 

other than your status as an area source under this subpart. 

Notwithstanding the previous sentence, you must continue to 

comply with the provisions of this subpart applicable to area 

sources.

(f) An aluminum die casting facility, aluminum foundry, or 

aluminum extrusion facility shall be considered to be an area 

source if it does not emit, or have the potential to emit 

considering controls, 10 tons per year or more of any single 

listed HAP or 25 tons per year of any combination of listed HAP 

from all emission sources which are located in a contiguous area 

and under common control, without regard to whether or not such 

sources are regulated under this subpart or any other subpart. 

In the case of an aluminum die casting facility, aluminum 

foundry, or aluminum extrusion facility which is an area source 

and is subject to regulation under this subpart only because it 

operates a thermal chip dryer, no furnace operated by such a 

facility shall be deemed to be subject to the requirements of 

this subpart if it melts only clean charge, internal scrap, or 

customer returns.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 79814, Dec. 30,

2002; 70 FR 75346, Dec. 19, 2005]
§63.1501 Dates.

(a) The owner or operator of an existing affected source must 

comply with the requirements of this subpart by March 24, 2003.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, the 

owner or operator of a new affected source that commences 

construction or reconstruction after February 11, 1999 must 

comply with the requirements of this subpart by March 24, 2000 

or upon startup, whichever is later.

(c) The owner or operator of any affected source which is 

constructed or reconstructed at any existing aluminum die 

casting facility, aluminum foundry, or aluminum extrusion 

facility which otherwise meets the applicability criteria set 

forth in §63.1500 must comply with the requirements of this 

subpart by March 24, 2003 or upon startup, whichever is later.

(d) The owner or operator of an existing affected source must 

comply with the following requirements of this subpart by [DATE 

90 DAYS FROM PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL 

REGISTER]: §63.1505(a), (i)(4), (k), (k)(1),(k)(2), (k)(3); 

§63.1506 (a)(1), (a)(5), (c)(1),(g)(5), (k)(3), (m)(4),(n)(1); 

§63.1510 (a), (b), (b)(5),(b)(9), (d)(2), (f)(1)(ii), (i)(4), 

(j)(4), (n)(1), (o)(1), (o)(1)(ii), (s)(2)(iv), (t), (t)(2)(i), 

(t)(2)(ii), (t)(4), (t)(5); §63.1511(a), (b), (b)(1), (b)(6), 
(c)(9), (f)(6), (g)(5); §63.1512(e)(1), (e)(2),(e)(3), (e)(4), 

(e)(5), (h)(1), (h)(2), (j), (j)(1)(I, (j)(2)(i), (o)(1), (p), 

(p)(2); §63.1513(b), (b)(1), (e)(1), (e)(2), (e)(3); §63.1514; 

§63.1516(a), (b), (b) (1)(v), (b)(2)(iii), (b)(3), (c),(d); 

§63.1517(b)(16)(i), (b)(18), (c); §63.1520.

[67 FR 59791, Sept. 24, 2002]

§63.1502 Incorporation by reference.

(a) The following material is incorporated by reference in the 

corresponding sections noted. The incorporation by reference 

(IBR) of certain publications listed in the rule will be 

approved by the Director of the Office of the Federal Register 

as of the date of publication of the final rule in accordance 

with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. This material is 

incorporated as it exists on the date of approval:

(1) Chapters 3 and 5 of “Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of 

Recommended Practice,” American Conference of Governmental 

Industrial Hygienists, (23rd edition, 1998), IBR approved for 

§63.1506(c), and

(2) “Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with 

Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and -
Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update” (EPA/625/3–

89/016).

(3) “Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice,” 

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, (27rd 

edition, 2010), IBR approved for §63.1506(c).

(b) The material incorporated by reference is available for 

inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration 

(NARA); and at the Air and Radiation Docket and Information 

Center, U.S. EPA, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC. 

For information on the availability of this material at NARA, 

call 202–741–6030, or go to: 

http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulat

ions/ibr_locations.html. The material is also available for 

purchase from the following addresses:

(1) Customer Service Department, American Conference of 

Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), 1330 Kemper Meadow 

Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240–1634, telephone number (513) 742–

2020; and

(2) The National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port 

Royal Road, Springfield, VA, NTIS no. PB 90–145756.

§63.1503 Definitions.
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act as 

amended (CAA), in §63.2, or in this section as follows:

Add-on air pollution control device means equipment installed on 

a process vent that reduces the quantity of a pollutant that is 

emitted to the air.

Affirmative defense means, in the context of an enforcement 

proceeding, a response or defense put forward by a defendant, 

regarding which the defendant has the burden of proof, and the 

merits of which are independently and objectively evaluated in a 

judicial or administrative proceeding.

Afterburner means an air pollution control device that uses 

controlled flame combustion to convert combustible materials to 

noncombustible gases; also known as an incinerator or a thermal 

oxidizer.

Aluminum scrap means fragments of aluminum stock removed during 

manufacturing ( i.e., machining), manufactured aluminum articles 

or parts rejected or discarded and useful only as material for 

reprocessing, and waste and discarded material made of aluminum.

Aluminum scrap shredder means a high speed or low speed unit 

that crushes, grinds, granulates, shears or breaks aluminum

scrap into a more uniform size prior to processing or charging 
to a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln, or furnace. A 

bale breaker is not an aluminum scrap shredder. 

Bale breaker means a device used to break apart a bale of 

aluminum scrap for further processing. Bale breakers are not 

used to crush, grind, granulate, shear or break aluminum scrap 

into more uniform size pieces.

Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is capable of 

monitoring particulate matter loadings in the exhaust of a 

fabric filter ( i.e., baghouse) in order to detect bag failures. 

A bag leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an 

instrument that operates on triboelectric, light scattering, 

light transmittance, or other effect to monitor relative 

particulate matter loadings.

Capture and collection system means the system of hood(s), duct 

system and fan used to collect a contaminant at or near its 

source, and for affected sources equipped with an air pollution 

control device, transport the contaminated air to the air 

cleaning device.

Chips means small, uniformly-sized, unpainted pieces of aluminum 

scrap, typically below 11/4inches in any dimension, primarily 

generated by turning, milling, boring, and machining of aluminum 

parts.
Clean charge means furnace charge materials, including molten 

aluminum; T-bar; sow; ingot; billet; pig; alloying elements; 

aluminum scrap known by the owner or operator to be entirely 

free of paints, coatings, and lubricants; uncoated/unpainted 

aluminum chips that have been thermally dried or treated by a 

centrifugal cleaner; aluminum scrap dried at 343 °C (650 °F) or 

higher; aluminum scrap delacquered/decoated at 482 °C (900 °F) 

or higher, and runaround scrap. Anodized aluminum that contains 

dyes or sealants with organic compounds is not clean charge.

Cover flux means salt added to the surface of molten aluminum in 

a group 1 or group 2 furnace, without agitation of the molten 

aluminum, for the purpose of preventing oxidation. Any flux 

added to a rotary furnace or other furnace that uses a molten 

metal pump or other device to circulate the aluminum is not a 

cover flux. Any reactive flux cannot be a cover flux.

Customer returns means any aluminum product which is returned by 

a customer to the aluminum company that originally manufactured 

the product prior to resale of the product or further 

distribution in commerce, and which contains no paint or other 

solid coatings ( i.e., lacquers).

D/F means dioxins and furans.
Dioxins and furans means tetra-, penta-, hexa-, and 

octachlorinated dibenzo dioxins and furans.

Dross means the slags and skimmings from aluminum melting and 

refining operations consisting of fluxing agent(s), impurities, 

and/or oxidized and non-oxidized aluminum, from scrap aluminum 

charged into the furnace.

Dross-only furnace means a furnace, typically of rotary barrel 

design, dedicated to the reclamation of aluminum from dross 

formed during melting, holding, fluxing, or alloying operations 

carried out in other process units. Dross and salt flux are the 

sole feedstocks to this type of furnace.

Emission unit means a group 1 furnace or in-line fluxer at a 

secondary aluminum production facility. 

Fabric filter means an add-on air pollution control device used 

to capture particulate matter by filtering gas streams through 

filter media; also known as a baghouse.

Feed/charge means, for a furnace or other process unit that 

operates in batch mode, the total weight of material (including 

molten aluminum, T-bar, sow, ingot, etc.) and alloying agents 

that enter the furnace during an operating cycle. For a furnace 

or other process unit that operates continuously, feed/charge 
means the weight of material (including molten aluminum, T-bar, 

sow, ingot, etc.) and alloying agents that enter the process 

unit within a specified time period ( e.g., a time period equal 

to the performance test period). The feed/charge for a dross 

only furnace includes the total weight of dross and solid flux.

Fluxing means refining of molten aluminum to improve product 

quality, achieve product specifications, or reduce material 

loss, including the addition of solvents to remove impurities 

(solvent flux); and the injection of gases such as chlorine, or 

chlorine mixtures, to remove magnesium (demagging) or hydrogen 

bubbles (degassing). Fluxing may be performed in the furnace or 

outside the furnace by an in-line fluxer. 

Furnace hearth means the combustion zone of a furnace in which 

the molten metal is contained.

Group 1 furnace means a furnace of any design that melts, holds, 

or processes aluminum that contains paint, lubricants, coatings, 

or other foreign materials with or without reactive fluxing, or 

processes clean charge with reactive fluxing. 

Group 2 furnace means a furnace of any design that melts, holds, 

or processes only clean charge and that performs no fluxing or

performs fluxing using only nonreactive, non-HAP-containing/non-
HAP-generating gases or agents. Pots used to transport metal to 

customers are not furnaces.

HCl means, for the purposes of this subpart, emissions of

hydrogen chloride that serve as a surrogate measure of the total 

emissions of the HAPs hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and 

chlorine.

HF means hydrogen fluoride.

In-line fluxer means a device exterior to a furnace, located in 

a transfer line from a furnace, used to refine (flux) molten 

aluminum; also known as a flux box, degassing box, or demagging 

box.

Internal scrap means all aluminum scrap regardless of the level 

of contamination which originates from castings or extrusions 

produced by an aluminum die casting facility, aluminum foundry, 

or aluminum extrusion facility, and which remains at all times 

within the control of the company that produced the castings or 

extrusions.

Lime means calcium oxide or other alkaline reagent.

Lime-injection means the continuous addition of lime upstream of 

a fabric filter. 
Melting/holding furnace means a group 1 furnace that processes 

only clean charge, performs melting, holding, and fluxing 

functions, and does not transfer molten aluminum to or from 

another furnace except for purposes of alloy changes, offspecification product drains, or maintenance activities.

Operating cycle means for a batch process, the period beginning 

when the feed material is first charged to the operation and 

ending when all feed material charged to the operation has been 

processed. For a batch melting or holding furnace process, 

operating cycle means the period including the charging and 

melting of scrap aluminum and the fluxing, refining, alloying, 

and tapping of molten aluminum (the period from tap-to-tap).

PM means, for the purposes of this subpart, emissions of 

particulate matter that serve as a measure of total particulate 

emissions and as a surrogate for metal HAPs contained in the 

particulates, including but not limited to, antimony, arsenic, 

beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, 

nickel, and selenium.

Pollution prevention means source reduction as defined under the 

Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 ( e.g., equipment or technology 

modifications, process or procedure modifications, reformulation 

or redesign of products, substitution of raw materials, and 
improvements in housekeeping, maintenance, training, or 

inventory control), and other practices that reduce or eliminate 

the creation of pollutants through increased efficiency in the 

use of raw materials, energy, water, or other resources, or 

protection of natural resources by conservation.

Reactive fluxing means the use of any gas, liquid, or solid flux 

(other than cover flux) that results in a HAP emission. Argon 

and nitrogen are not reactive and do not produce HAP.

Reconstruction means the replacement of components of an 

affected source or emission unit such that the fixed capital 

cost of the new components exceeds 50 percent of the fixed 

capital cost that would be required to construct a comparable 

new affected source, and it is technologically and economically 

feasible for the reconstructed source to meet relevant 

standard(s) established in this subpart. Replacement of the 

refractory in a furnace is routine maintenance and is not a 

reconstruction. The repair and replacement of in-line fluxer 

components ( e.g., rotors/shafts, burner tubes, refractory, 

warped steel) is considered to be routine maintenance and is not 

considered a reconstruction. In-line fluxers are typically 

removed to a maintenance/repair area and are replaced with 

repaired units. The replacement of an existing in-line fluxer 

with a repaired unit is not considered a reconstruction. 
Residence time means, for an afterburner, the duration of time 

required for gases to pass through the afterburner combustion 

zone. Residence time is calculated by dividing the afterburner 

combustion zone volume in cubic feet by the volumetric flow rate 

of the gas stream in actual cubic feet per second. The 

combustion zone volume includes the reaction chamber of the

afterburner in which the waste gas stream is exposed to the 

direct combustion flame and the complete refractory lined 

portion of the furnace stack up to the measurement thermocouple.

Rotary dross cooler means a water-cooled rotary barrel device 

that accelerates cooling of dross.

Runaround scrap means scrap materials generated on-site by 

aluminum casting, extruding, rolling, scalping, forging, 

forming/stamping, cutting, and trimming operations and that do 

not contain paint or solid coatings. Uncoated/unpainted aluminum 

chips generated by turning, boring, milling, and similar 

machining operations may be clean charge if they have been 

thermally dried or treated by a centrifugal cleaner, but are not 

considered to be runaround scrap. 

Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln means a unit used 

primarily to remove various organic contaminants such as oil, 

paint, lacquer, ink, plastic, and/or rubber from aluminum scrap 
(including used beverage containers) prior to melting, or that 

separates aluminum foil from paper and plastic in scrap.

Secondary aluminum processing unit (SAPU). An existing SAPU 

means all existing group 1 furnaces and all existing in-line 

fluxers within a secondary aluminum production facility. Each 

existing group 1 furnace or existing in-line fluxer is 

considered an emission unit within a secondary aluminum 

processing unit. A new SAPU means any combination of individual 

group 1 furnaces and in-line fluxers within a secondary aluminum 

processing facility which either were constructed or 

reconstructed after February 11, 1999, or have been permanently 

redesignated as new emission units pursuant to §63.1505(k)(6). 

Each of the group 1 furnaces or in-line fluxers within a new 

SAPU is considered an emission unit within that secondary 

aluminum processing unit. A secondary aluminum production 

facility may have more than one new SAPU.

Secondary aluminum production facility means any establishment 

using clean charge, aluminum scrap, or dross from aluminum 

production, as the raw material and performing one or more of 

the following processes: scrap shredding, scrap 

drying/delacquering/decoating, thermal chip drying, furnace 

operations ( i.e., melting, holding, sweating, refining, 

fluxing, or alloying), recovery of aluminum from dross, in-line 
fluxing, or dross cooling. A secondary aluminum production 

facility may be independent or part of a primary aluminum 

production facility. For purposes of this subpart, aluminum die 

casting facilities, aluminum foundries, and aluminum extrusion 

facilities are not considered to be secondary aluminum 

production facilities if the only materials they melt are clean 

charge, customer returns, or internal scrap, and if they do not 

operate sweat furnaces, thermal chip dryers, or scrap 

dryers/delacquering kilns/decoating kilns. The determination of 

whether a facility is a secondary aluminum production facility 

is only for purposes of this subpart and any regulatory 

requirements which are derived from the applicability of this 

subpart, and is separate from any determination which may be 

made under other environmental laws and regulations, including 

whether the same facility is a “secondary metal production 

facility” as that term is used in 42 U.S.C. §7479(1) and 40 CFR 

52.21(b)(1)(i)(A) (“prevention of significant deterioration of 

air quality”).

Sidewell means an open well adjacent to the hearth of a furnace 

with connecting arches between the hearth and the open well 

through which molten aluminum is circulated between the hearth, 

where heat is applied by burners, and the open well, which is 
used for charging scrap and solid flux or salt to the furnace, 

injecting fluxing agents, and skimming dross.

Sweat furnace means a furnace used exclusively to reclaim 

aluminum from scrap that contains substantial quantities of iron 

by using heat to separate the low-melting point aluminum from 

the scrap while the higher melting-point iron remains in solid 

form.

Tap means the end of an operating cycle when processed molten 

aluminum is poured from a furnace.

TEQ means the international method of expressing toxicity 

equivalents for dioxins and furans as defined in “Interim 

Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures to 

Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and -Dibenzofurans 

(CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update” (EPA–625/3–89–016), available 

from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 

Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161, NTIS no. PB 90–

145756.

THC means, for the purposes of this subpart, total hydrocarbon 

emissions that also serve as a surrogate for the emissions of 

organic HAP compounds.
Thermal chip dryer means a device that uses heat to evaporate 

oil or oil/water mixtures from unpainted/uncoated aluminum 

chips. Pre-heating boxes or other dryers which are used solely 

to remove water from aluminum scrap are not considered to be 

thermal chip dryers for purposes of this subpart.

Three-day, 24-hour rolling average means daily calculations of 

the average 24-hour emission rate (lbs/ton of feed/charge), over 

the 3 most recent consecutive 24-hour periods, for a secondary 

aluminum processing unit. 

Total reactive chlorine flux injection rate means the sum of the 

total weight of chlorine in the gaseous or liquid reactive flux 

and the total weight of chlorine in the solid reactive chloride 

flux, divided by the total weight of feed/charge, as determined 

by the procedure in §63.1512(o).

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 79814, Dec. 30, 

2002; 69 FR 18803, Apr. 9, 2004; 69 FR 53984, Sept. 3, 2004; 70 

FR 57517, Oct. 3, 2005]

§63.1504 [Reserved]

Emission Standards and Operating Requirements

§63.1505 Emission standards for affected sources and emission 

units.
(a) Summary. (1) The owner or operator of a new or existing 

affected source must comply at all times with each applicable 

limit in this section, including periods of startup and 

shutdown. Table 1 to this subpart summarizes the emission 

standards for each type of source.

(2) For a new or existing affected sources subject to an 

emissions limit in paragraphs (b) through (j) of this section 

expressed in units of pounds per ton of feed, or μg TEQ or ng 

TEQ per Mg of feed, calculate your emissions during periods of 

startup and shutdown by dividing your measured emissions in 

lb/hr or μg/hr or ng/hr by the appropriate feed rate in tons/hr

or Mg/hr from your most recent or current performance test.

(b) Aluminum scrap shredder. On and after the compliance date 

established by §63.1501, the owner or operator of an aluminum 

scrap shredder at a secondary aluminum production facility that 

is a major source must not discharge or cause to be discharged 

to the atmosphere:

(1) Emissions in excess of 0.023 grams (g) of PM per dry 

standard cubic meter (dscm) (0.010 grain (gr) of PM per dry 

standard cubic foot (dscf)); and

(2) Visible emissions (VE) in excess of 10 percent opacity from 

any PM add-on air pollution control device if a continuous 
opacity monitor (COM) or visible emissions monitoring is chosen 

as the monitoring option.

(c) Thermal chip dryer. On and after the compliance date 

established by §63.1501, the owner or operator of a thermal chip 

dryer must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the 

atmosphere emissions in excess of:

(1) 0.40 kilogram (kg) of THC, as propane, per megagram (Mg) 

(0.80 lb of THC, as propane, per ton) of feed/charge from a 

thermal chip dryer at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source; and

(2) 2.50 micrograms (μg) of D/F TEQ per Mg (3.5 × 10−5gr per ton) 

of feed/charge from a thermal chip dryer at a secondary aluminum 

production facility that is a major or area source.

(d) Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln. On and after 

the compliance date established by §63.1501:

(1) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln must not discharge or cause to be discharged 

to the atmosphere emissions in excess of:

(i) 0.03 kg of THC, as propane, per Mg (0.06 lb of THC, as 

propane, per ton) of feed/charge from a scrap dryer/delacquering 
kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source;

(ii) 0.04 kg of PM per Mg (0.08 lb per ton) of feed/charge from 

a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is a major source;

(iii) 0.25 μg of D/F TEQ per Mg (3.5 × 10−6gr of D/F TEQ per ton) 

of feed/charge from a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating 

kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility that is a major 

or area source; and

(iv) 0.40 kg of HCl per Mg (0.80 lb per ton) of feed/charge from 

a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is a major source.

(2) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source must not discharge or cause to be 

discharged to the atmosphere visible emissions in excess of 10 

percent opacity from any PM add-on air pollution control device 

if a COM is chosen as the monitoring option.

(e) Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln: alternative 

limits. The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/ delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln may choose to comply with the emission 
limits in this paragraph (e) as an alternative to the limits in 

paragraph (d) of this section if the scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln is equipped with an afterburner having a 

design residence time of at least 1 second and the afterburner 

is operated at a temperature of at least 760 °C (1400 °F) at all 

times. On and after the compliance date established by §63.1501:

(1) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln must not discharge or cause to be discharged 

to the atmosphere emissions in excess of:

(i) 0.10 kg of THC, as propane, per Mg (0.20 lb of THC, as 

propane, per ton) of feed/charge from a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source;

(ii) 0.15 kg of PM per Mg (0.30 lb per ton) of feed/charge from 

a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is a major source;

(iii) 5.0 μg of D/F TEQ per Mg (7.0 × 10−5gr of D/F TEQ per ton) 

of feed/charge from a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating 

kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility that is a major 

or area source; and
(iv) 0.75 kg of HCl per Mg (1.50 lb per ton) of feed/charge from 

a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is a major source.

(2) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/ delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source must not discharge or cause to be 

discharged to the atmosphere visible emissions in excess of 10 

percent opacity from any PM add-on air pollution control device 

if a COM is chosen as the monitoring option.

(f) Sweat furnace. The owner or operator of a sweat furnace 

shall comply with the emission standard of paragraph (f)(2) of 

this section.

(1) The owner or operator is not required to conduct a 

performance test to demonstrate compliance with the emission 

standard of paragraph (f)(2) of this section, provided that, on 

and after the compliance date of this rule, the owner or 

operator operates and maintains an afterburner with a design 

residence time of 0.8 seconds or greater and an operating 

temperature of 1600 °F or greater.

(2) On and after the compliance date established by §63.1501, 

the owner or operator of a sweat furnace at a secondary aluminum 

production facility that is a major or area source must not 
discharge or cause to be discharged to the atmosphere emissions 

in excess of 0.80 nanogram (ng) of D/F TEQ per dscm (3.5×10−10gr 

per dscf) at 11 percent oxygen (O2 ).

(g) Dross-only furnace. On and after the compliance date 

established by §63.1501, the owner or operator of a dross-only 

furnace at a secondary aluminum production facility that is a 

major source must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the 

atmosphere:

(1) Emissions in excess of 0.15 kg of PM per Mg (0.30 lb of PM 

per ton) of feed/charge.

(2) Visible emissions in excess of 10 percent opacity from any 

PM add-on air pollution control device if a COM is chosen as the 

monitoring option.

(h) Rotary dross cooler. On and after the compliance date 

established by §63.1501, the owner or operator of a rotary dross 

cooler at a secondary aluminum production facility that is a 

major source must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the 

atmosphere:

(1) Emissions in excess of 0.09 g of PM per dscm (0.04 gr per 

dscf).
(2) Visible emissions in excess of 10 percent opacity from any 

PM add-on air pollution control device if a COM is chosen as the 

monitoring option.

(i) Group 1 furnace. The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace 

must use the limits in this paragraph to determine the emission 

standards for a SAPU.

(1) 0.20 kg of PM per Mg (0.40 lb of PM per ton) of feed/charge 

from a group 1 furnace, that is not a melting/holding furnace 

processing only clean charge, at a secondary aluminum production 

facility that is a major source;

(2) 0.40 kg of PM per Mg (0.80 lb of PM per ton) of feed/charge 

from a group 1 melting/holding furnace processing only clean 

charge at a secondary aluminum production facility that is a 

major source;

(3) 15 μg of D/F TEQ per Mg (2.1 × 10−4gr of D/F TEQ per ton) of 

feed/charge from a group 1 furnace at a secondary aluminum 

production facility that is a major or area source. This limit 

does not apply if the furnace processes only clean charge; and

(4) 02.0 kg or HF per Mg (0.40 lb of HF per ton) of feed/charge 

from an uncontrolled group 1 furnace and 0.20 kg of HCl per Mg 

(0.40 lb of HCl per ton) of feed/charge or, if the furnace is 
equipped with an add-on air pollution control device, 10 percent 

of the uncontrolled HCl emissions, by weight, for a group 1 

furnace at a secondary aluminum production facility that is a 

major source.

(5) The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is a major source must not 

discharge or cause to be discharged to the atmosphere visible 

emissions in excess of 10 percent opacity from any PM add-on air 

pollution control device if a COM is chosen as the monitoring 

option.

(6) The owner or operator may determine the emission standards 

for a SAPU by applying the group 1 furnace limits on the basis 

of the aluminum production weight in each group 1 furnace, 

rather than on the basis of feed/charge.

(7) The owner or operator of a sidewell group 1 furnace that 

conducts reactive fluxing (except for cover flux) in the hearth, 

or that conducts reactive fluxing in the sidewell at times when 

the level of molten metal falls below the top of the passage 

between the sidewell and the hearth, must comply with the 

emission limits of paragraphs (i)(1) through (4) of this section 

on the basis of the combined emissions from the sidewell and the 

hearth.
(j) In-line fluxer. Except as provided in paragraph (j)(3) of 

this section for an in-line fluxer using no reactive flux 

material, the owner or operator of an in-line fluxer must use 

the limits in this paragraph to determine the emission standards 

for a SAPU.

(1) 0.02 kg of HCl per Mg (0.04 lb of HCl per ton) of 

feed/charge;

(2) 0.005 kg of PM per Mg (0.01 lb of PM per ton) of 

feed/charge.

(3) The emission limits in paragraphs (j)(1) and (j)(2) of this 

section do not apply to an in-line fluxer that uses no reactive 

flux materials.

(4) The owner or operator of an in-line fluxer at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is a major source must not 

discharge or cause to be discharged to the atmosphere visible 

emissions in excess of 10 percent opacity from any PM add-on air 

pollution control device used to control emissions from the inline fluxer, if a COM is chosen as the monitoring option.

(5) The owner or operator may determine the emission standards 

for a SAPU by applying the in-line fluxer limits on the basis of 
the aluminum production weight in each in-line fluxer, rather 

than on the basis of feed/charge.

(k) Secondary aluminum processing unit. On and after the 

compliance date established by §63.1501, the owner or operator 

must comply with the emission limits calculated using the 

equations for PM, and HCl and HF in paragraphs (k)(1) and (2) of 

this section for each secondary aluminum processing unit at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source. 

The owner or operator must comply with the emission limit 

calculated using the equation for D/F in paragraph (k)(3) of 

this section for each secondary aluminum processing unit at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major or area 

source.

(1) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be 

discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emissions of PM in excess of:

Where,
LtiPM= The PM emission limit for individual emission unit i in 

paragraph (i)(1) and (2) of this section for a group 1 furnace 

or in paragraph (j)(2) of this section for an in-line fluxer;

Tti= The mass of feed/charge for 24 hoursrate for individual 

emission unit Ii; and

LcPM= The daily PM emission limit for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-day, 24-hour PM 

emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

Note: In-line fluxers using no reactive flux materials cannot be 

included in this calculation since they are not subject to the 

PM limit.

(2) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be 

discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emissions of HCl or HF in excess of:

( )

( )

(Eq. 2)

T

L T

L n

i 1

ti

n

i 1

tiHCl/HF ti

cHCl/HF

∑

∑

=

=

×

=
Where,

LtiHCl/HF= The HCl emission limit for individual emission unit i in 

paragraph (i)(4) of this section for a group 1 furnace or in 

paragraph (j)(1) of this section for an in-line fluxer; or the 

HF emission limit for individual emission unit i in paragraph 

(i)(4) of this section for an uncontrolled group 1 furnace and

LcHCl/HF= The daily HCl or HF emission limit for the secondary 

aluminum processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-day, 

24-hour HCL or HF emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

Note: Only uncontrolled group 1 furnaces are included I this HF 

limit calculation and iIn-line fluxers using no reactive flux 

materials cannot be included in this calculation since they are 

not subject to the HCl limit.

(3) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be 

discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emissions of D/F in excess of:

Where,
LtiD/F= The D/F emission limit for individual emission unit i in 

paragraph (i)(3) of this section for a group 1 furnace; and

LcD/F= The daily D/F emission limit for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-day, 24-hour 

D/F emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

Note: Clean charge furnaces cannot be included in this 

calculation since they are not subject to the D/F limit.

(4) The owner or operator of a SAPU at a secondary aluminum 

production facility that is a major source may demonstrate 

compliance with the emission limits of paragraphs (k)(1) through 

(3) of this section by demonstrating that each emission unit 

within the SAPU is in compliance with the applicable emission 

limits of paragraphs (i) and (j) of this section.

(5) The owner or operator of a SAPU at a secondary aluminum 

production facility that is an area source may demonstrate 

compliance with the emission limits of paragraph (k)(3) of this 

section by demonstrating that each emission unit within the SAPU 

is in compliance with the emission limit of paragraph (i)(3) of 

this section.

(6) With the prior approval of the responsible permitting 

authority, an owner or operator may redesignate any existing 
group 1 furnace or in-line fluxer at a secondary aluminum 

production facility as a new emission unit. Any emission unit so 

redesignated may thereafter be included in a new SAPU at that 

facility. Any such redesignation will be solely for the purpose 

of this MACT standard and will be irreversible.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 59792, Sept. 

24, 2002; 67 FR 79816, Dec. 30, 2002; 70 FR 57517, Oct. 3, 2005]

§63.1506 Operating requirements.

(a) Summary. (1) On and after the compliance date established by 

§63.1501, the owner or operator must operate all new and 

existing affected sources and control equipment according to the 

requirements in this section. The affected sources, and their 

associated control equipment, listed in §63.1500(c)(1)through(4) 

of this subpart that are located at a secondary aluminum 

production facility that is an area source are subject to the 

operating requirements of paragraphs (b), (c), (d), (f), (g), 

(h), (m), (n), and (p) of this section.

(2) The owner or operator of an existing sweat furnace that 

meets the specifications of §63.1505(f)(1) must operate the 

sweat furnace and control equipment according to the 

requirements of this section on and after the compliance date of 

this standard.
(3) The owner or operator of a new sweat furnace that meets the 

specifications of §63.1505(f)(1) must operate the sweat furnace 

and control equipment according to the requirements of this 

section by March 23, 2000 or upon startup, whichever is later.

(4) Operating requirements are summarized in Table 2 to this 

subpart.

(5) At all times, the owner or operator must operate and 

maintain any affected source, including associated air pollution 

control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner 

consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices 

for minimizing emissions. Determination of whether such 

operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be 

based on information available to the Administrator which may 

include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of 

operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and 

maintenance records, and inspection of the source.

(b) Labeling. The owner or operator must provide and maintain 

easily visible labels posted at each group 1 furnace, group 2 

furnace, in-line fluxer and scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln that identifies the applicable emission 

limits and means of compliance, including:
(1) The type of affected source or emission unit ( e.g., scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln, group 1 furnace, group 2 

furnace, in-line fluxer).

(2) The applicable operational standard(s) and control method(s) 

(work practice or control device). This includes, but is not 

limited to, the type of charge to be used for a furnace ( e.g ., 

clean scrap only, all scrap, etc.), flux materials and addition 

practices, and the applicable operating parameter ranges and 

requirements as incorporated in the OM&M plan.

(3) The afterburner operating temperature and design residence 

time for a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln.

(c) Capture/collection systems. For each affected source or 

emission unit equipped with an add-on air pollution control 

device, the owner or operator must:

(1) Design and install a system for the capture and collection 

of emissions to meet the engineering standards for minimum 

exhaust rates as published by the American Conference of 

Governmental Industrial Hygienists in chapters 3 and 5 of 

“Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice” 23rd or 

27th edition (ACGIH Guidelines) (incorporated by reference in 

§63.1502 of this subpart);
(2) Vent captured emissions through a closed system, except that 

dilution air may be added to emission streams for the purpose of 

controlling temperature at the inlet to a fabric filter; and

(3) Operate each capture/collection system according to the 

procedures and requirements in the OM&M plan.

(d) Feed/charge weight. The owner or operator of each affected 

source or emission unit subject to an emission limit in kg/Mg 

(lb/ton) or μg/Mg (gr/ton) of feed/charge must:

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(3) of this section, 

install and operate a device that measures and records or 

otherwise determine the weight of feed/charge (or throughput) 

for each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test; and

(2) Operate each weight measurement system or other weight 

determination procedure in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(3) The owner or operator may chose to measure and record 

aluminum production weight from an affected source or emission 

unit rather than feed/charge weight to an affected source or 

emission unit, provided that:
(i) The aluminum production weight, rather than feed/charge 

weight is measured and recorded for all emission units within a 

SAPU; and

(ii) All calculations to demonstrate compliance with the 

emission limits for SAPUs are based on aluminum production 

weight rather than feed/charge weight.

(e) Aluminum scrap shredder. The owner or operator of a scrap 

shredder with emissions controlled by a fabric filter must 

operate a bag leak detection system, or a continuous opacity 

monitor, or conduct visible emissions observations.

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or operator must:

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak 

detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the 

operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. In 

calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of the 

fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 
required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action.

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to meet 

the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or operator 

must initiate corrective action within 1-hour of any 6-minute 

average reading of 5 percent or more opacity and complete the 

corrective action procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(3) If visible emission observations are used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or operator must 

initiate corrective action within 1-hour of any observation of 

visible emissions during a daily visible emissions test and 

complete the corrective action procedures in accordance with the 

OM&M plan.

(f) Thermal chip dryer. The owner or operator of a thermal chip 

dryer with emissions controlled by an afterburner must:

(1) Maintain the 3-hour block average operating temperature of 

each afterburner at or above the average temperature established 

during the performance test.
(2) Operate each afterburner in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(3) Operate each thermal chip dryer using only unpainted 

aluminum chips as the feedstock.

(g) Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln. The owner or 

operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln with 

emissions controlled by an afterburner and a lime-injected 

fabric filter must:

(1) For each afterburner,

(i) Maintain the 3-hour block average operating temperature of 

each afterburner at or above the average temperature established 

during the performance test.

(ii) Operate each afterburner in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(2) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the fabric 

filter monitoring requirements in §63.1510,

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete any necessary corrective 

action procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak 

detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the 

operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. In 
calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of the 

fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action.

(3) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to meet 

the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, initiate corrective 

action within 1-hour of any 6-minute average reading of 5 

percent or more opacity and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(4) Maintain the 3-hour block average inlet temperature for each 

fabric filter at or below the average temperature established 

during the performance test, plus 14 °C (plus 25 °F).

(5) For a continuous injection device, maintain free-flowing 

lime in the hopper to the feed device at all times and maintain 

the lime feeder setting at or above the same level established 

during the performance test.

(h) Sweat furnace. The owner or operator of a sweat furnace with 

emissions controlled by an afterburner must:
(1) Maintain the 3-hour block average operating temperature of 

each afterburner at or above:

(i) The average temperature established during the performance 

test; or

(ii) 1600 °F if a performance test was not conducted, and the 

afterburner meets the specifications of §63.1505(f)(1).

(2) Operate each afterburner in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(i) Dross-only furnace. The owner or operator of a dross-only 

furnace with emissions controlled by a fabric filter must:

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510,

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak 

detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the 

operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. In 

calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of the 

fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 
required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action.

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to meet 

the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, initiate corrective 

action within 1-hour of any 6-minute average reading of 5 

percent or more opacity and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(3) Operate each furnace using dross and salt flux as the sole 

feedstock.

(j) Rotary dross cooler. The owner or operator of a rotary dross 

cooler with emissions controlled by a fabric filter must:

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510,

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak 

detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the 
operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. In 

calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of the 

fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action.

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to meet 

the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, initiate corrective 

action within 1 hour of any 6-minute average reading of 5 

percent or more opacity and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(k) In-line fluxer. The owner or operator of an in-line fluxer 

with emissions controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter must:

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510,

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.
(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak 

detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the 

operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. In 

calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of the 

fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action.

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to meet 

the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, initiate corrective 

action within 1 hour of any 6-minute average reading of 5 

percent or more opacity and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan.

(3) For a continuous injection system, maintain free-flowing 

lime in the hopper to the feed device at all times and maintain 

the lime feeder setting at or above the same level established 

during the performance test.

(4) Maintain the total reactive chlorine flux injection rate for 

each operating cycle or time period used in the performance test 
at or below the average rate established during the performance 

test.

(l) In-line fluxer using no reactive flux material. The owner or 

operator of a new or existing in-line fluxer using no reactive 

flux materials must operate each in-line fluxer using no 

reactive flux materials.

(m) Group 1 furnace with add-on air pollution control devices. 

The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace with emissions 

controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter must:

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or operator must:

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1 hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm.

(ii) Complete the corrective action procedures in accordance 

with the OM&M plan.

(iii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak 

detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the 

operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. In 

calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of the 

fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 
required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action.

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to meet 

the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or operator 

must:

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1 hour of any 6-minute 

average reading of 5 percent or more opacity; and

(ii) Complete the corrective action procedures in accordance 

with the OM&M plan.

(3) Maintain the 3-hour block average inlet temperature for each 

fabric filter at or below the average temperature established 

during the performance test, plus 14 °C (plus 25 °F).

(4) For a continuous lime injection system, maintain freeflowing lime in the hopper to the feed device at all times and 

maintain the lime feeder setting at or above the same level 

established during the performance test.

(5) Maintain the total reactive chlorine flux injection rate for 

each operating cycle or time period used in the performance test 
at or below the average rate established during the performance 

test.

(6) Operate each sidewell furnace such that:

(i) The level of molten metal remains above the top of the 

passage between the sidewell and hearth during reactive flux 

injection, unless emissions from both the sidewell and the 

hearth are included in demonstrating compliance with all 

applicable emission limits.

(ii) Reactive flux is added only in the sidewell, unless 

emissions from both the sidewell and the hearth are included in 

demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limits.

(n) Group 1 furnace without add-on air pollution control 

devices. The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace (including a 

group 1 furnace that is part of a secondary aluminum processing 

unit) without add-on air pollution control devices must:

(1) Maintain the total reactive chlorine flux injection rate and 

fluorine addition rate for each operating cycle or time period 

used in the performance test at or below the average rate 

established during the performance test.

(2) Operate each furnace in accordance with the work 

practice/pollution prevention measures documented in the OM&M 
plan and within the parameter values or ranges established in 

the OM&M plan.

(3) Operate each group 1 melting/holding furnace subject to the 

emission standards in §63.1505(i)(2) using only clean charge as 

the feedstock.

(o) Group 2 furnace. The owner or operator of a new or existing 

group 2 furnace must:

(1) Operate each furnace using only clean charge as the 

feedstock.

(2) Operate each furnace using no reactive flux.

(p) Corrective action. When a process parameter or add-on air 

pollution control device operating parameter deviates from the 

value or range established during the performance test and 

incorporated in the OM&M plan, the owner or operator must 

initiate corrective action. Corrective action must restore 

operation of the affected source or emission unit (including the 

process or control device) to its normal or usual mode of 

operation as expeditiously as practicable in accordance with 

good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. 

Corrective actions taken must include follow-up actions 

necessary to return the process or control device parameter 
level(s) to the value or range of values established during the 

performance test and steps to prevent the likely recurrence of 

the cause of a deviation.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 59792, Sept. 

24, 2002; 67 FR 79816, Dec. 30, 2002; 69 FR 53984, Sept. 3, 

2004]

§§63.1507-63.1509 [Reserved]

Monitoring and Compliance Requirements

§63.1510 Monitoring requirements.

(a) Summary. On and after the compliance date established 

by §63.1501, the owner or operator of a new or existing affected 

source or emission unit must monitor all control equipment and 

processes according to the requirements in this section. 

Monitoring requirements for each type of affected source and 

emission unit are summarized in Table 3 to this subpart. Area 

sources are subject to monitoring requirements for those 

affected sources listed in §63.1500(c)(1)-(4)of this subpart, 

and associated control equipment as required by paragraphs (b) 

through (k), (n) through (q), and (s) through (w) of this 

section, including but not limited to:
(1) The operation, maintenance and monitoring plan required in 

paragraph (b) of this section pertaining to each affected source 

listed in §63.1500(c)(1)-(4) of this subpart,

(2) The labeling requirements described in paragraph (c) of this 

section pertaining to group 1 furnaces processing other than 

clean charge, and scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns,

(3) The requirements for capture and collection described in 

paragraph (d) of this section for each controlled affected 

source listed in §63.1500(c)(1)-(4) of this subpart,

(4) The feed charge weight monitoring requirements described in 

paragraph (e) of this section applicable to group 1 furnaces 

processing other than clean charge, scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kilns and thermal chip dryers,

(5) The bag leak detection system requirements described in 

paragraph (f) of this section applicable to all bag leak 

detection systems installed on fabric filters and lime injected 

fabric filters used to control each affected source listed in 

§63.1500(c)(1)-(4) of this subpart,

(6) The requirements for afterburners described in paragraph (g) 

of this section applicable to sweat furnaces, thermal chip 

dryers, and scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns,

(7) The requirements for monitoring fabric filter inlet 

temperature described in paragraph (h) of this section for all 

lime injected fabric filters used to control group 1 furnaces 
processing other than clean charge, sweat furnaces and scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns,

(8) The requirements for monitoring lime injection described in 

paragraph (i) of this section applicable to all lime injected 

fabric filters used to control emissions from group 1 furnaces 

processing other than clean charge, thermal chip dryers, sweat 

furnaces and scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns,

(9) The requirements for monitoring total reactive flux 

injection described in paragraph (j) of this section for all 

group 1 furnaces processing other than clean charge, 

(10) The requirements described in paragraph (k) of this section 

for thermal chip dryers,

(11) The requirements described in paragraph (n) of this section 

for controlled group 1 sidewell furnaces processing other than 

clean charge,

(12) The requirements described in paragraph (o) of this section 

for uncontrolled group 1 sidewell furnaces processing other than 

clean charge,

(13) The requirements described in paragraph (p) of this section 

for scrap inspection programs for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces,

(14) The requirements described in paragraph (q) of this section 

for monitoring scrap contamination level for uncontrolled group 

1 furnaces,
(15) The requirements described in paragraph (s) of this section 

for secondary aluminum processing units, limited to compliance 

with limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 furnaces 

processing other than clean charge,

(16) The requirements described in paragraph (t) of this section 

for secondary aluminum processing units limited to compliance 

with limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 furnaces 

processing other than clean charge,

(17) The requirements described in paragraph (u) of this section 

for secondary aluminum processing units limited to compliance 

with limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 furnaces 

processing other than clean charge,

(18) The requirements described in paragraph (v) of this section 

for alternative lime addition monitoring methods applicable to 

lime coated fabric filters used to control emissions from group 

1 furnaces processing other than clean charge, thermal chip 

dryers, sweat furnaces and scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kilns, and

(19) The requirements described in paragraph (w) of this section 

for approval of alternate methods for monitoring group 1 

furnaces processing other than clean charge, thermal chip 

dryers, scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns and sweat 

furnaces and associated control devices for the control of D/F 

emissions.
(b) Operation, maintenance, and monitoring (OM&M) plan. The 

owner or operator must prepare and implement for each new or 

existing affected source and emission unit, a written operation, 

maintenance, and monitoring (OM&M) plan. The owner or operator 

of an existing affected source must submit the OM&M plan to the 

responsible permitting authority no later than the compliance 

date established by §63.1501(a). The owner or operator of any 

new affected source must submit the OM&M plan to the responsible 

permitting authority within 90 days after a successful initial 

performance test under §63.1511(b), or within 90 days after the 

compliance date established by §63.1501(b) if no initial 

performance test is required. The plan must be accompanied by a 

written certification by the owner or operator that the OM&M 

plan satisfies all requirements of this section and is otherwise 

consistent with the requirements of this subpart. The owner or 

operator must comply with all of the provisions of the OM&M plan 

as submitted to the permitting authority, unless and until the 

plan is revised in accordance with the following procedures. If 

the permitting authority determines at any time after receipt of 

the OM&M plan that any revisions of the plan are necessary to 

satisfy the requirements of this section or this subpart, the 

owner or operator must promptly make all necessary revisions and 

resubmit the revised plan. If the owner or operator determines 

that any other revisions of the OM&M plan are necessary, such 
revisions will not become effective until the owner or operator 

submits a description of the changes and a revised plan 

incorporating them to the permitting authority. The owner or 

operator must not begin operating under the revised plan until 

approval is received or until after 60 days, whichever is 

sooner. Each plan must contain the following information:

(1) Process and control device parameters to be monitored to 

determine compliance, along with established operating levels or 

ranges, as applicable, for each process and control device.

(2) A monitoring schedule for each affected source and emission 

unit.

(3) Procedures for the proper operation and maintenance of each 

process unit and add-on control device used to meet the 

applicable emission limits or standards in §63.1505.

(4) Procedures for the proper operation and maintenance of 

monitoring devices or systems used to determine compliance, 

including:

(i) Calibration and certification of accuracy of each monitoring 

device, at least once every 6 months, according to the 

manufacturer's instructions; and
(ii) Procedures for the quality control and quality assurance of 

continuous emission or opacity monitoring systems as required by 

the general provisions in subpart A of this part.

(5) Procedures for monitoring process and control device 

parameters, including lime injection rates, procedures for 

annual inspections of afterburners, and if applicable, the 

procedure to be used for determining charge/feed (or throughput) 

weight if a measurement device is not used.

(6) Corrective actions to be taken when process or operating 

parameters or add-on control device parameters deviate from the 

value or range established in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, 

including:

(i) Procedures to determine and record the cause of any 

deviation or excursion, and the time the deviation or excursion 

began and ended; and

(ii) Procedures for recording the corrective action taken, the 

time corrective action was initiated, and the time/date 

corrective action was completed.

(7) A maintenance schedule for each process and control device 

that is consistent with the manufacturer's instructions and 

recommendations for routine and long-term maintenance.
(8) Documentation of the work practice and pollution prevention 

measures used to achieve compliance with the applicable emission 

limits and a site-specific monitoring plan as required in 

paragraph (o) of this section for each group 1 furnace not 

equipped with an add-on air pollution control device.

(9) Procedures to be followed when changing furnace 

classification under the provisions of §63.1514.

(c) Labeling. The owner or operator must inspect the labels for 

each group 1 furnace, group 2 furnace, in-line fluxer and scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at least once per 

calendar month to confirm that posted labels as required by the 

operational standard in §63.1506(b) are intact and legible.

(d) Capture/collection system. The owner or operator must:

(1) Install, operate, and maintain a capture/collection system 

for each affected source and emission unit equipped with an addon air pollution control device; and

(2) Inspect each capture/collection and closed vent system at 

least once each calendar year to ensure that each system is 

operating in accordance with the operating requirements in 

§63.1506(c) and record the results of each inspection. This 

inspection shall include a volumetric flow rate measurement 
taken at a location in the ductwork downstream of the hoods 

which will be representative of the actual volumetric flow rate 

without the interference of leaks, the introduction of ambient 

air for cooling, or other ducts manifolded from other hoods. The 

measurement shall be performed using EPA Reference Methods 1 and

2 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60.

(e) Feed/charge weight. The owner or operator of an affected 

source or emission unit subject to an emission limit in kg/Mg 

(lb/ton) or μg/Mg (gr/ton) of feed/charge must install, 

calibrate, operate, and maintain a device to measure and record 

the total weight of feed/charge to, or the aluminum production 

from, the affected source or emission unit over the same 

operating cycle or time period used in the performance test. 

Feed/charge or aluminum production within SAPUs must be measured 

and recorded on an emission unit-by-emission unit basis. As an 

alternative to a measurement device, the owner or operator may 

use a procedure acceptable to the applicable permitting 

authority to determine the total weight of feed/charge or 

aluminum production to the affected source or emission unit.

(1) The accuracy of the weight measurement device or procedure 

must be ±1 percent of the weight being measured. The owner or 

operator may apply to the permitting agency for approval to use 

a device of alternative accuracy if the required accuracy cannot 
be achieved as a result of equipment layout or charging 

practices. A device of alternative accuracy will not be approved 

unless the owner or operator provides assurance through data and 

information that the affected source will meet the relevant 

emission standard.

(2) The owner or operator must verify the calibration of the 

weight measurement device in accordance with the schedule 

specified by the manufacturer, or if no calibration schedule is 

specified, at least once every 6 months.

(f) Fabric filters and lime-injected fabric filters. The owner 

or operator of an affected source or emission unit using a 

fabric filter or lime-injected fabric filter to comply with the 

requirements of this subpart must install, calibrate, maintain, 

and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as required 

in paragraph (f)(1) of this section or a continuous opacity 

monitoring system as required in paragraph (f)(2) of this 

section. The owner or operator of an aluminum scrap shredder 

must install and operate a bag leak detection system as required 

in paragraph (f)(1) of this section, install and operate a 

continuous opacity monitoring system as required in paragraph 

(f)(2) of this section, or conduct visible emission observations 

as required in paragraph (f)(3) of this section.
(1) These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a new 

or existing affected source or existing emission unit using a 

bag leak detection system.

(i) The owner or operator must install and operate a bag leak 

detection system for each exhaust stack of a fabric filter.

(ii) Each bag leak detection system must be installed, 

calibrated, operated, and maintained according to the 

manufacturer’s operating instructions.Each triboelectric bag 

leak detection system must be installed, calibrated, operated, 

and maintained according to the “Fabric Filter Bag Leak 

Detection Guidance,” (September 1997). This document is 

available from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Office 

of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Emissions, Monitoring and 

Analysis Division; Emission Measurement Center (MD–19), Research 

Triangle Park, NC 27711. This document also is available on the 

Technology Transfer Network (TTN) under Emission Measurement 

Technical Information (EMTIC), Continuous Emission Monitoring. 

Other bag leak detection systems must be installed, operated, 

calibrated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the 

manufacturer's written specifications and recommendations.

(iii) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the 

manufacturer to be capable of detecting PM emissions at 
concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter (0.0044 

grains per actual cubic foot) or less.

(iv) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of 

relative or absolute PM loadings.

(v) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device 

to continuously record the output signal from the sensor.

(vi) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an 

alarm system that will sound automatically when an increase in 

relative PM emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm 

must be located where it is easily heard by plant operating 

personnel.

(vii) For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag leak 

detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment 

or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabric filters, 

the bag leak detector must be installed downstream of the fabric 

filter.

(viii) Where multiple detectors are required, the system's 

instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.

(ix) The baseline output must be established by adjusting the 

range and the averaging period of the device and establishing 

the alarm set points and the alarm delay time.
(x) Following initial adjustment of the system, the owner or 

operator must not adjust the sensitivity or range, averaging 

period, alarm set points, or alarm delay time except as detailed 

in the OM&M plan. In no case may the sensitivity be increased by 

more than 100 percent or decreased more than 50 percent over a 

365-day period unless such adjustment follows a complete fabric 

filter inspection which demonstrates that the fabric filter is 

in good operating condition.

(2) These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a new 

or existing affected source or an existing emission unit using a 

continuous opacity monitoring system.

(i) The owner or operator must install, calibrate, maintain, and 

operate a continuous opacity monitoring system to measure and 

record the opacity of emissions exiting each exhaust stack.

(ii) Each continuous opacity monitoring system must meet the 

design and installation requirements of Performance 

Specification 1 in appendix B to 40 CFR part 60.

(3) These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a new 

or existing aluminum scrap shredder who conducts visible 

emission observations. The owner or operator must:
(i) Perform a visible emissions test for each aluminum scrap 

shredder using a certified observer at least once a day 

according to the requirements of Method 9 in appendix A to 40 

CFR part 60. Each Method 9 test must consist of five 6-minute 

observations in a 30-minute period; and

(ii) Record the results of each test.

(g) Afterburner. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of an affected source using an afterburner to comply 

with the requirements of this subpart.

(1) The owner or operator must install, calibrate, maintain, and 

operate a device to continuously monitor and record the 

operating temperature of the afterburner consistent with the 

requirements for continuous monitoring systems in subpart A of 

this part.

(2) The temperature monitoring device must meet each of these 

performance and equipment specifications:

(i) The temperature monitoring device must be installed at the 

exit of the combustion zone of each afterburner.

(ii) The monitoring system must record the temperature in 15-

minute block averages and determine and record the average 

temperature for each 3-hour block period.
(iii) The recorder response range must include zero and 1.5 

times the average temperature established according to the 

requirements in §63.1512(m).

(iv) The reference method must be a National Institute of 

Standards and Technology calibrated reference thermocouplepotentiometer system or alternate reference, subject to approval 

by the Administrator.

(3) The owner or operator must conduct an inspection of each 

afterburner at least once a year and record the results. At a 

minimum, an inspection must include:

(i) Inspection of all burners, pilot assemblies, and pilot 

sensing devices for proper operation and clean pilot sensor;

(ii) Inspection for proper adjustment of combustion air;

(iii) Inspection of internal structures ( e.g., baffles) to 

ensure structural integrity;

(iv) Inspection of dampers, fans, and blowers for proper 

operation;

(v) Inspection for proper sealing;

(vi) Inspection of motors for proper operation;
(vii) Inspection of combustion chamber refractory lining and 

clean and replace lining as necessary;

(viii) Inspection of afterburner shell for corrosion and/or hot 

spots;

(ix) Documentation, for the burn cycle that follows the 

inspection, that the afterburner is operating properly and any 

necessary adjustments have been made; and

(x) Verification that the equipment is maintained in good 

operating condition.

(xi) Following an equipment inspection, all necessary repairs 

must be completed in accordance with the requirements of the 

OM&M plan.

(h) Fabric filter inlet temperature. These requirements apply to 

the owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln or a group 1 furnace using a lime-injected 

fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this subpart.

(1) The owner or operator must install, calibrate, maintain, and 

operate a device to continuously monitor and record the 

temperature of the fabric filter inlet gases consistent with the 

requirements for continuous monitoring systems in subpart A of 

this part.
(2) The temperature monitoring device must meet each of these 

performance and equipment specifications:

(i) The monitoring system must record the temperature in 15-

minute block averages and calculate and record the average 

temperature for each 3-hour block period.

(ii) The recorder response range must include zero and 1.5 times 

the average temperature established according to the 

requirements in §63.1512(n).

(iii) The reference method must be a National Institute of 

Standards and Technology calibrated reference thermocouplepotentiometer system or alternate reference, subject to approval 

by the Administrator.

(i) Lime injection. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of an affected source or emission unit using a limeinjected fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this 

subpart.

(1) The owner or operator of a continuous lime injection system 

must verify that lime is always free-flowing by either:

(i) Inspecting each feed hopper or silo at least once each 8-

hour period and recording the results of each inspection. If 

lime is found not to be free-flowing during any of the 8-hour 
periods, the owner or operator must increase the frequency of 

inspections to at least once every 4-hour period for the next 3 

days. The owner or operator may return to inspections at least 

once every 8 hour period if corrective action results in no 

further blockages of lime during the 3-day period; or

(ii) Subject to the approval of the permitting agency, 

installing, operating and maintaining a load cell, carrier 

gas/lime flow indicator, carrier gas pressure drop measurement 

system or other system to confirm that lime is free-flowing. If 

lime is found not to be free-flowing, the owner or operator must 

promptly initiate and complete corrective action, or

(iii) Subject to the approval of the permitting agency, 

installing, operating and maintaining a device to monitor the 

concentration of HCl at the outlet of the fabric filter. If an 

increase in the concentration of HCl indicates that the lime is 

not free-flowing, the owner or operator must promptly initiate 

and complete corrective action.

(2) The owner or operator of a continuous lime injection system 

must record the lime feeder setting once each day of operation.

(3) An owner or operator who intermittently adds lime to a lime 

coated fabric filter must obtain approval from the permitting 

authority for a lime addition monitoring procedure. The 
permitting authority will not approve a monitoring procedure 

unless data and information are submitted establishing that the 

procedure is adequate to ensure that relevant emission standards 

will be met on a continuous basis.

(4) At least once per month, verify that the lime injection rate 

in pound per hour (lb/hr) is no less than 90 percent of the lime 

injection rate used to demonstrate compliance during your 

performance test.

(j) Total reactive flux injection rate. These requirements apply 

to the owner or operator of a group 1 furnace (with or without 

add-on air pollution control devices) or in-line fluxer. The 

owner or operator must:

(1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain a device to 

continuously measure and record the weight of gaseous or liquid 

reactive flux injected to each affected source or emission unit.

(i) The monitoring system must record the weight for each 15-

minute block period, during which reactive fluxing occurs, over 

the same operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test.

(ii) The accuracy of the weight measurement device must be ±1 

percent of the weight of the reactive component of the flux 
being measured. The owner or operator may apply to the 

permitting authority for permission to use a weight measurement 

device of alternative accuracy in cases where the reactive flux 

flow rates are so low as to make the use of a weight measurement 

device of ±1 percent impracticable. A device of alternative 

accuracy will not be approved unless the owner or operator 

provides assurance through data and information that the 

affected source will meet the relevant emission standards.

(iii) The owner or operator must verify the calibration of the 

weight measurement device in accordance with the schedule 

specified by the manufacturer, or if no calibration schedule is 

specified, at least once every 6 months.

(2) Calculate and record the gaseous or liquid reactive flux 

injection rate (kg/Mg or lb/ton) for each operating cycle or 

time period used in the performance test using the procedure in 

§63.1512(o).

(3) Record, for each 15-minute block period during each 

operating cycle or time period used in the performance test 

during which reactive fluxing occurs, the time, weight, and type 

of flux for each addition of:

(i) Gaseous or liquid reactive flux other than chlorine; and
(ii) Solid reactive flux.

(4) Calculate and record the total reactive flux injection rate 

for each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test using the procedure in §63.1512(o). For solid flux that is 

added intermittently, record the amount added for each operating 

cycle or time period used in the performance test using the 

procedures in §63.1512(o).

(5) The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace or in-line fluxer 

performing reactive fluxing may apply to the Administrator for 

approval of an alternative method for monitoring and recording 

the total reactive flux addition rate based on monitoring the 

weight or quantity of reactive flux per ton of feed/charge for 

each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test. An alternative monitoring method will not be approved 

unless the owner or operator provides assurance through data and 

information that the affected source will meet the relevant 

emission standards on a continuous basis.

(k) Thermal chip dryer. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of a thermal chip dryer with emissions controlled by an 

afterburner. The owner or operator must:

(1) Record the type of materials charged to the unit for each 

operating cycle or time period used in the performance test.
(2) Submit a certification of compliance with the applicable 

operational standard for charge materials in §63.1506(f)(3) for 

each 6-month reporting period. Each certification must contain 

the information in §63.1516(b)(2)(i).

(l) Dross-only furnace. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of a dross-only furnace. The owner or operator must:

(1) Record the materials charged to each unit for each operating 

cycle or time period used in the performance test.

(2) Submit a certification of compliance with the applicable 

operational standard for charge materials in §63.1506(i)(3) for 

each 6-month reporting period. Each certification must contain 

the information in §63.1516(b)(2)(ii).

(m) In-line fluxers using no reactive flux. The owner or 

operator of an in-line fluxer that uses no reactive flux 

materials must submit a certification of compliance with the 

operational standard for no reactive flux materials in 

§63.1506(l) for each 6-month reporting period. Each 

certification must contain the information in 

§63.1516(b)(2)(vi).

(n) Sidewell group 1 furnace with add-on air pollution control 

devices. These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a 
sidewell group 1 furnace using add-on air pollution control 

devices. The owner or operator must:

(1) Record in an operating log for each charge tap of a sidewell 

furnace whether that the level of molten metal was above the top 

of the passage between the sidewell and hearth during reactive 

flux injection, unless the furnace hearth was also equipped with 

an add-on control device. If visual inspection of the molten 

metal level is not possible, the molten metal level must be 

determined using physical measurement methods.

(2) Submit a certification of compliance with the operational 

standards in §63.1506(m)(76) for each 6-month reporting period. 

Each certification must contain the information in 

§63.1516(b)(2)(iii).

(o) Group 1 furnace without add-on air pollution control 

devices. These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a 

group 1 furnace that is not equipped with an add-on air 

pollution control device.

(1) The owner or operator must develop, in consultation with the 

responsible permitting authority, a written site-specific 

monitoring plan. The site-specific monitoring plan must be 

submitted to the permitting authority as part of the OM&M plan. 

The site-specific monitoring plan must contain sufficient 
procedures to ensure continuing compliance with all applicable 

emission limits and must demonstrate, based on documented test 

results, the relationship between emissions of PM, HCl, (and, 

for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces, HF) and D/F and the proposed 

monitoring parameters for each pollutant. Test data must 

establish the highest level of PM, HCl, (and, for uncontrolled 

group 1 furnaces, HF) and D/F that will be emitted from the 

furnace. This may be determined by conducting performance tests 

and monitoring operating parameters while charging the furnace 

with feed/charge materials containing the highest anticipated 

levels of oils and coatings and fluxing at the highest 

anticipated rate. If the permitting authority determines that 

any revisions of the site-specific monitoring plan are necessary 

to meet the requirements of this section or this subpart, the 

owner or operator must promptly make all necessary revisions and 

resubmit the revised plan to the permitting authority.

(i) The owner or operator of an existing affected source must 

submit the site-specific monitoring plan to the applicable 

permitting authority for review at least 6 months prior to the 

compliance date.

(ii) The permitting authority will review and approve or 

disapprove a proposed plan, or request changes to a plan, based 

on whether the plan contains sufficient provisions to ensure 
continuing compliance with applicable emission limits and 

demonstrates, based on documented test results, the relationship 

between emissions of PM, HCl, (and, for uncontrolled group 1 

furnaces, HF) and D/F and the proposed monitoring parameters for 

each pollutant. Test data must establish the highest level of 

PM, HCl, (and, for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces, HF) and D/F 

that will be emitted from the furnace. Subject to permitting 

agency approval of the OM&M plan, this may be determined by 

conducting performance tests and monitoring operating parameters 

while charging the furnace with feed/charge materials containing 

the highest anticipated levels of oils and coatings and fluxing 

at the highest anticipated rate.

(2) Each site-specific monitoring plan must document each work 

practice, equipment/design practice, pollution prevention 

practice, or other measure used to meet the applicable emission 

standards.

(3) Each site-specific monitoring plan must include provisions 

for unit labeling as required in paragraph (c) of this section, 

feed/charge weight measurement (or production weight 

measurement) as required in paragraph (e) of this section and 

flux weight measurement as required in paragraph (j) of this 

section.
(4) Each site-specific monitoring plan for a melting/holding 

furnace subject to the clean charge emission standard in 

§63.1505(i)(3) must include these requirements:

(i) The owner or operator must record the type of feed/ charge ( 

e.g ., ingot, thermally dried chips, dried scrap, etc.) for each 

operating cycle or time period used in the performance test; and

(ii) The owner or operator must submit a certification of 

compliance with the applicable operational standard for clean 

charge materials in §63.1506(n)(3) for each 6-month reporting 

period. Each certification must contain the information in 

§63.1516(b)(2)(iv).

(5) If a continuous emission monitoring system is included in a 

site-specific monitoring plan, the plan must include provisions 

for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the system 

to provide quality-assured measurements in accordance with all 

applicable requirements of the general provisions in subpart A 

of this part.

(6) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is included in a 

site-specific monitoring plan, the plan must include provisions 

for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the system 

to provide quality-assured measurements in accordance with all 

applicable requirements of this subpart.
(7) If a site-specific monitoring plan includes a scrap 

inspection program for monitoring the scrap contaminant level of 

furnace feed/charge materials, the plan must include provisions 

for the demonstration and implementation of the program in 

accordance with all applicable requirements in paragraph (p) of 

this section.

(8) If a site-specific monitoring plan includes a calculation 

method for monitoring the scrap contaminant level of furnace 

feed/charge materials, the plan must include provisions for the 

demonstration and implementation of the program in accordance 

with all applicable requirements in paragraph (q) of this 

section.

(p) Scrap inspection program for group 1 furnace without add-on 

air pollution control devices. A scrap inspection program must 

include:

(1) A proven method for collecting representative samples and 

measuring the oil and coatings content of scrap samples;

(2) A scrap inspector training program;

(3) An established correlation between visual inspection and 

physical measurement of oil and coatings content of scrap 

samples;
(4) Periodic physical measurements of oil and coatings content 

of randomly-selected scrap samples and comparison with visual 

inspection results;

(5) A system for assuring that only acceptable scrap is charged 

to an affected group 1 furnace; and

(6) Recordkeeping requirements to document conformance with plan 

requirements.

(q) Monitoring of scrap contamination level by calculation 

method for group 1 furnace without add-on air pollution control 

devices. The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace dedicated to 

processing a distinct type of furnace feed/charge composed of 

scrap with a uniform composition (such as rejected product from 

a manufacturing process for which the coating-to-scrap ratio can 

be documented) may include a program in the site-specific 

monitoring plan for determining, monitoring, and certifying the 

scrap contaminant level using a calculation method rather than a 

scrap inspection program. A scrap contaminant monitoring program 

using a calculation method must include:

(1) Procedures for the characterization and documentation of the 

contaminant level of the scrap prior to the performance test.
(2) Limitations on the furnace feed/charge to scrap of the same

composition as that used in the performance test. If the 

performance test was conducted with a mixture of scrap and clean 

charge, limitations on the proportion of scrap in the furnace 

feed/charge to no greater than the proportion used during the 

performance test.

(3) Operating, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 

requirements to ensure that no scrap with a contaminant level 

higher than that used in the performance test is charged to the 

furnace.

(r) Group 2 furnace. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of a new or existing group 2 furnace. The owner or 

operator must:

(1) Record a description of the materials charged to each 

furnace, including any nonreactive, non-HAP-containing/non-HAPgenerating fluxing materials or agents.

(2) Submit a certification of compliance with the applicable 

operational standard for charge materials in §63.1506(o) for 

each 6-month reporting period. Each certification must contain 

the information in §63.1516(b)(2)(v).
(s) Site-specific requirements for secondary aluminum processing 

units. (1) An owner or operator of a secondary aluminum 

processing unit at a facility must include, within the OM&M plan 

prepared in accordance with §63.1510(b), the following 

information:

(i) The identification of each emission unit in the secondary 

aluminum processing unit;

(ii) The specific control technology or pollution prevention 

measure to be used for each emission unit in the secondary 

aluminum processing unit and the date of its installation or 

application;

(iii) The emission limit calculated for each secondary aluminum 

processing unit and performance test results with supporting 

calculations demonstrating initial compliance with each 

applicable emission limit;

(iv) Information and data demonstrating compliance for each 

emission unit with all applicable design, equipment, work 

practice or operational standards of this subpart; and

(v) The monitoring requirements applicable to each emission unit 

in a secondary aluminum processing unit and the monitoring 
procedures for daily calculation of the 3-day, 24-hour rolling 

average using the procedure in §63.1510(t).

(2) The SAPU compliance procedures within the OM&M plan may not 

contain any of the following provisions:

(i) Any averaging among emissions of differing pollutants;

(ii) The inclusion of any affected sources other than emission 

units in a secondary aluminum processing unit;

(iii) The inclusion of any emission unit while it is shutdown; 

or

(iv) The inclusion of any periods of startup or, shutdown, or 

malfunction in emission calculations.

(3) To revise the SAPU compliance provisions within the OM&M 

plan prior to the end of the permit term, the owner or operator 

must submit a request to the applicable permitting authority 

containing the information required by paragraph (s)(1) of this 

section and obtain approval of the applicable permitting 

authority prior to implementing any revisions.

(t) Secondary aluminum processing unit. Except as provided in 

paragraph (u) of this section, the owner or operator must 

calculate and record the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 
emissions of PM, HCl, (for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces, HF) 

and D/F for each secondary aluminum processing unit on a daily 

basis. To calculate the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average, the 

owner or operator must:

(1) Calculate and record the total weight of material charged to 

each emission unit in the secondary aluminum processing unit for 

each 24-hour day of operation using the feed/charge weight 

information required in paragraph (e) of this section. If the 

owner or operator chooses to comply on the basis of weight of 

aluminum produced by the emission unit, rather than weight of 

material charged to the emission unit, all performance test 

emissions results and all calculations must be conducted on the 

aluminum production weight basis.

(2) Multiply the total feed/charge weight to the emission unit, 

or the weight of aluminum produced by the emission unit, for 

each emission unit for the 24-hour period by the emission rate 

(in lb/ton of feed/charge) for that emission unit (as determined 

during the performance test) to provide emissions for each 

emission unit for the 24-hour period, in pounds.

(i) Where no performance test has been conducted, for a 

particular emission unit, because the owner of operator has, 

with the approval of the permitting authority, chosen to 
determine the emission rate of an emission unit by testing a 

representative unit, in accordance with §63.1511(f), the owner 

of operator shall use the emission rate determined from the 

representative unit in the SAPU emission rate calculation 

required in §63.1510(t)(4).

(ii) If the owner or operator has not conducted performance 

tests for HCl and HF for an uncontrolled group 1 furnace or for 

HCL for an in-line fluxer, in accordance with the provisions of 

§63.1512(d)(3), (e)(3), or (h)(2), the calculation required in 

§63.1510(t)(4) to determine SAPU-wide HCl and HF emissions shall 

be made under the assumption that all chlorine-containing 

reactive flux added to the emission unit is emitted as HCl and 

all fluorine-containing reactive flux added to the emission unit 

is emitted as HF. 

(3) Divide the total emissions for each SAPU for the 24-hour 

period by the total material charged to the SAPU, or the weight 

of aluminum produced by the SAPU over the 24-hour period to 

provide the daily emission rate for the SAPU.

(4) Compute the 24-hour daily emission rate using Equation 4:
Where,

Eday= The daily PM, HCl, or D/F and, for uncontrolled group 1 

furnaces, HF emission rate for the secondary aluminum processing 

unit for the 24-hour period;

Ti= The total amount of feed, or aluminum produced, for emission 

unit i for the 24-hour period (tons or Mg);

ERi= The measured emission rate for emission unit i as determined 

in the performance test (lb/ton or μg/Mg of feed/charge); and

n = The number of emission units in the secondary aluminum 

processing unit.

(5) Calculate and record the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average for 

each pollutant each day by summing the daily emission rates for 

each pollutant over the 3 most recent consecutive days and 

dividing by 3. The SAPU is in compliance with an applicable 

emission limit if the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average for each 

pollutant is no greater than the applicable SAPU emission limit 

determined in accordance with §63.1505(k)(1)-(3).

(u) Secondary aluminum processing unit compliance by individual 

emission unit demonstration. As an alternative to the procedures 

of paragraph (t) of this section, an owner or operator may 

demonstrate, through performance tests, that each individual 
emission unit within the secondary aluminum production unit is 

in compliance with the applicable emission limits for the 

emission unit.

(v) Alternative monitoring method for lime addition. The owner 

or operator of a lime-coated fabric filter that employs 

intermittent or noncontinuous lime addition may apply to the 

Administrator for approval of an alternative method for 

monitoring the lime addition schedule and rate based on 

monitoring the weight of lime added per ton of feed/charge for 

each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test. An alternative monitoring method will not be approved 

unless the owner or operator provides assurance through data and 

information that the affected source will meet the relevant 

emission standards on a continuous basis.

(w) Alternative monitoring methods. If an owner or operator 

wishes to use an alternative monitoring method to demonstrate 

compliance with any emission standard in this subpart, other 

than those alternative monitoring methods which may be 

authorized pursuant to §63.1510(j)(5) and §63.1510(v), the owner 

or operator may submit an application to the Administrator. Any 

such application will be processed according to the criteria and 

procedures set forth in paragraphs (w)(1) through (6) of this 

section.
(1) The Administrator will not approve averaging periods other 

than those specified in this section.

(2) The owner or operator must continue to use the original 

monitoring requirement until necessary data are submitted and 

approval is received to use another monitoring procedure.

(3) The owner or operator shall submit the application for 

approval of alternate monitoring methods no later than the 

notification of the performance test. The application must 

contain the information specified in paragraphs (w)(3) (i) 

through (iii) of this section:

(i) Data or information justifying the request, such as the 

technical or economic infeasibility, or the impracticality of 

using the required approach;

(ii) A description of the proposed alternative monitoring 

requirements, including the operating parameters to be 

monitored, the monitoring approach and technique, and how the 

limit is to be calculated; and

(iii) Data and information documenting that the alternative 

monitoring requirement(s) would provide equivalent or better 

assurance of compliance with the relevant emission standard(s).
(4) The Administrator will not approve an alternate monitoring 

application unless it would provide equivalent or better 

assurance of compliance with the relevant emission standard(s). 

Before disapproving any alternate monitoring application, the 

Administrator will provide:

(i) Notice of the information and findings upon which the 

intended disapproval is based; and

(ii) Notice of opportunity for the owner or operator to present 

additional supporting information before final action is taken 

on the application. This notice will specify how much additional 

time is allowed for the owner or operator to provide additional 

supporting information.

(5) The owner or operator is responsible for submitting any 

supporting information in a timely manner to enable the 

Administrator to consider the application prior to the 

performance test. Neither submittal of an application nor the 

Administrator's failure to approve or disapprove the application 

relieves the owner or operator of the responsibility to comply 

with any provisions of this subpart.

(6) The Administrator may decide at any time, on a case-by-case 

basis, that additional or alternative operating limits, or 

alternative approaches to establishing operating limits, are 
necessary to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards 

of this subpart.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 59792, Sept. 

24, 2002; 67 FR 79816, Dec. 30, 2002; 69 FR 53984, Sept. 3, 

2004]

§63.1511 Performance test/compliance demonstration general 

requirements.

(a) Site-specific test plan. Prior to conducting any performance 

test required by this subpart, the owner or operator must 

prepare a site-specific test plan which satisfies all of the 

requirements, and must obtain approval of the plan pursuant to 

the procedures, set forth in §63.7(c). Performance tests shall 

be conducted under such conditions as the Administrator 

specifies to the owner or operator based on representative 

performance of the affected source for the period being tested. 

Upon request, the owner or operator shall make available to the 

Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the 

conditions of performance tests.

(b) Initial performance test. Following approval of the sitespecific test plan, the owner or operator must demonstrate 

initial compliance with each applicable emission, equipment, 

work practice, or operational standard for each affected source 
and emission unit, and report the results in the notification of 

compliance status report as described in §63.1515(b). The owner 

or operator of any existing affected source for which an initial 

performance test is required to demonstrate compliance must 

conduct this initial performance test no later than the date for 

compliance established by §63.1501(a). The owner or operator of 

any new affected source for which an initial performance test is 

required must conduct this initial performance test within 90 

180 days after the date for compliance established by 

§63.1501(b). Except for the date by which the performance test 

must be conducted, the owner or operator must conduct each 

performance test in accordance with the requirements and 

procedures set forth in §63.7(c). Owners or operators of 

affected sources located at facilities which are area sources 

are subject only to those performance testing requirements 

pertaining to D/F. Owners or operators of sweat furnaces meeting 

the specifications of §63.1505(f)(1) are not required to conduct 

a performance test.

(1) The performance test must be conducted with scrap containing 

the highest level of contamination, at the highest rate of 

production and using the highest reactive fluxing rate while an 

air pollution control device is operating. Any subsequent 

performance tests for the purposes of establishing new or 
revised parametric limits shall be allowed upon pre-approval 

from the permitting authorities as specified in the sitespecific test plan. These new parametric settings shall be used 

to demonstrate compliance for the period being tested.owner or 

operator must conduct each test while the affected source or 

emission unit is operating at the highest production level with 

charge materials representative of the range of materials 

processed by the unit and, if applicable, at the highest 

reactive fluxing rate.

(2) Each performance test for a continuous process must consist 

of 3 separate runs; pollutant sampling for each run must be 

conducted for the time period specified in the applicable method 

or, in the absence of a specific time period in the test method, 

for a minimum of 3 hours.

(3) Each performance test for a batch process must consist of 

three separate runs; pollutant sampling for each run must be 

conducted over the entire process operating cycle.

(4) Where multiple affected sources or emission units are 

exhausted through a common stack, pollutant sampling for each 

run must be conducted over a period of time during which all 

affected sources or emission units complete at least 1 entire 

process operating cycle or for 24 hours, whichever is shorter.
(5) Initial compliance with an applicable emission limit or 

standard is demonstrated if the average of three runs conducted 

during the performance test is less than or equal to the 

applicable emission limit or standard.

(6) Apply paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section for each 

pollutant separately if a different production rate, charge 

material or, if applicable, reactive fluxing rate would apply 

and thereby result in a higher expected emissions rate for that 

pollutant.

(c) Test methods. The owner or operator must use the following 

methods in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60 to determine compliance 

with the applicable emission limits or standards:

(1) Method 1 for sample and velocity traverses.

(2) Method 2 for velocity and volumetric flow rate.

(3) Method 3 for gas analysis.

(4) Method 4 for moisture content of the stack gas.

(5) Method 5 for the concentration of PM.

(6) Method 9 for visible emission observations.

(7) Method 23 for the concentration of D/F.
(8) Method 25A for the concentration of THC, as propane.

(9) Method 26A for the concentration of HCl and HF. Where a 

lime-injected fabric filter is used as the control device to 

comply with the 90 percent reduction standard, the owner or 

operator must measure the fabric filter inlet concentration of 

HCl at a point before lime is introduced to the system.

(d) Alternative methods. The owner or operator may use an 

alternative test method, subject to approval by the 

Administrator.

(e) Repeat tests. The owner or operator of new or existing 

affected sources and emission units located at secondary 

aluminum production facilities that are major sources must 

conduct a performance test every 5 years following the initial 

performance test.

(f) Testing of representative emission units. With the prior 

approval of the permitting authority, an owner or operator may 

utilize emission rates obtained by testing a particular type of 

group 1 furnace which is not controlled by any add-on control 

device, or by testing an in-line flux box which is not 

controlled by any add-on control device, to determine the 

emission rate for other units of the same type at the same 

facility. Such emission test results may only be considered to 
be representative of other units if all of the following 

criteria are satisfied:

(1) The tested emission unit must use feed materials and charge 

rates which are comparable to the emission units that it 

represents;

(2) The tested emission unit must use the same type of flux 

materials in the same proportions as the emission units it 

represents;

(3) The tested emission unit must be operated utilizing the same 

work practices as the emission units that it represents;

(4) The tested emission unit must be of the same design as the 

emission units that it represents; and

(5) The tested emission unit must be tested under the highest 

load or capacity reasonably expected to occur for any of the 

emission units that it represents.

(6) All 3 separate runs of a performance test must be conducted 

on the same unit.

(g) Establishment of monitoring and operating parameter values. 

The owner or operator of new or existing affected sources and 

emission units must establish a minimum or maximum operating 
parameter value, or an operating parameter range for each 

parameter to be monitored as required by §63.1510 that ensures 

compliance with the applicable emission limit or standard. To 

establish the minimum or maximum value or range, the owner or 

operator must use the appropriate procedures in this section and 

submit the information required by §63.1515(b)(4) in the 

notification of compliance status report. The owner or operator 

may use existing data in addition to the results of performance 

tests to establish operating parameter values for compliance 

monitoring provided each of the following conditions are met to 

the satisfaction of the applicable permitting authority:

(1) The complete emission test report(s) used as the basis of 

the parameter(s) is submitted.

(2) The same test methods and procedures as required by this 

subpart were used in the test.

(3) The owner or operator certifies that no design or work 

practice changes have been made to the source, process, or 

emission control equipment since the time of the report.

(4) All process and control equipment operating parameters 

required to be monitored were monitored as required in this 

subpart and documented in the test report.
(5) If the owner or operator wants to conduct a new performance 

test and establish different operating parameter values, they 

must meet the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of 

this section and submit a revised site specific test plan and 

receive approval in accordance with paragraph (a) of this 

section.

(h) Testing of commonly-ducted units within a secondary aluminum 

processing unit. When group 1 furnaces and/or in-line fluxers 

are included in a single existing SAPU or new SAPU, and the 

emissions from more than one emission unit within that existing 

SAPU or new SAPU are manifolded to a single control device, 

compliance for all units within the SAPU is demonstrated if the 

total measured emissions from all controlled and uncontrolled 

units in the SAPU do not exceed the emission limits calculated 

for that SAPU based on the applicable equation in §63.1505(k).

(i) Testing of commonly-ducted units not within a secondary 

aluminum processing unit. With the prior approval of the 

permitting authority, an owner or operator may do combined 

performance testing of two or more individual affected sources 

or emission units which are not included in a single existing 

SAPU or new SAPU, but whose emissions are manifolded to a single 

control device. Any such performance testing of commonly-ducted 

units must satisfy the following basic requirements:
(1) All testing must be designed to verify that each affected 

source or emission unit individually satisfies all emission 

requirements applicable to that affected source or emission 

unit;

(2) All emissions of pollutants subject to a standard must be 

tested at the outlet from each individual affected source or 

emission unit while operating under the highest load or capacity 

reasonably expected to occur, and prior to the point that the 

emissions are manifolded together with emissions from other 

affected sources or emission units;

(3) The combined emissions from all affected sources and 

emission units which are manifolded to a single emission control 

device must be tested at the outlet of the emission control 

device;

(4) All tests at the outlet of the emission control device must 

be conducted with all affected sources and emission units whose 

emissions are manifolded to the control device operating 

simultaneously under the highest load or capacity reasonably 

expected to occur; and

(5) For purposes of demonstrating compliance of a commonlyducted unit with any emission limit for a particular type of 

pollutant, the emissions of that pollutant by the individual 
unit shall be presumed to be controlled by the same percentage 

as total emissions of that pollutant from all commonly-ducted 

units are controlled at the outlet of the emission control 

device.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 59792, Sept. 

24, 2002; 67 FR 79817, Dec. 30, 2002]

§63.1512 Performance test/compliance demonstration requirements 

and procedures.

(a) Aluminum scrap shredder. The owner or operator must conduct 

performance tests to measure PM emissions at the outlet of the 

control system. If visible emission observations is the selected 

monitoring option, the owner or operator must record visible 

emission observations from each exhaust stack for all 

consecutive 6-minute periods during the PM emission test 

according to the requirements of Method 9 in appendix A to 40 

CFR part 60.

(b) Thermal chip dryer. The owner or operator must conduct a 

performance test to measure THC and D/F emissions at the outlet 

of the control device while the unit processes only unpainted 

aluminum chips.
(c) Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln. The owner or 

operator must conduct performance tests to measure emissions of 

THC, D/F, HCl, and PM at the outlet of the control device.

(1) If the scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln is 

subject to the alternative emission limits in §63.1505(e), the 

average afterburner operating temperature in each 3-hour block 

period must be maintained at or above 760 °C (1400 °F) for the 

test.

(2) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln subject to the alternative limits in 

§63.1505(e) must submit a written certification in the 

notification of compliance status report containing the 

information required by §63.1515(b)(7).

(d) Group 1 furnace with add-on air pollution control devices. 

(1) The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace that processes 

scrap other than clean charge materials with emissions 

controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter must conduct 

performance tests to measure emissions of PM and D/F at the 

outlet of the control device and emissions of HCl at the outlet 

(for the emission limit) or the inlet and the outlet (for the 

percent reduction standard).
(2) The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace that processes 

only clean charge materials with emissions controlled by a limeinjected fabric filter must conduct performance tests to measure 

emissions of PM at the outlet of the control device and 

emissions of HCl at the outlet (for the emission limit) or the 

inlet and the outlet (for the percent reduction standard).

(3) The owner or operator may choose to determine the rate of 

reactive flux addition to the group 1 furnace and assume, for 

the purposes of demonstrating compliance with the SAPU emission 

limit, that all reactive flux added to the group 1 furnace is 

emitted. Under these circumstances, the owner or operator is not 

required to conduct an emission test for HCl.

(4) The owner or operator of a sidewell group 1 furnace that 

conducts reactive fluxing (except for cover flux) in the hearth, 

or that conducts reactive fluxing in the sidewell at times when 

the level of molten metal falls below the top of the passage 

between the sidewell and the hearth, must conduct the 

performance tests required by paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this 

section, to measure emissions from both the sidewell and the 

hearth.

(e) Group 1 furnace (including melting holding furnaces) without 

add-on air pollution control devices. In the site-specific 
monitoring plan required by §63.1510(o), the owner or operator 

of a group 1 furnace (including a melting/holding furnaces) 

without add-on air pollution control devices must include data 

and information demonstrating compliance with the applicable 

emission limits.

(1) If the group 1 furnace processes other than clean charge 

material, the owner or operator must conduct emission tests to 

measure emissions of PM, HCl, HF and D/F at the furnace exhaust 

outlet.

(2) If the group 1 furnace processes only clean charge, the 

owner or operator must conduct emission tests to simultaneously 

measure emissions of PM and HCl and HF. at the furnace exhaust 

outlet. A D/F test is not required. Each test must be conducted 

while the group 1 furnace (including a melting/holding furnace) 

processes only clean charge.

(3) The owner or operator may choose to determine the rate of 

reactive flux addition to the group 1 furnace and assume, for 

the purposes of demonstrating compliance with the SAPU emission 

limit, that all reactive flux added to the group 1 furnace is 

emitted. Under these circumstances, the owner or operator is not 

required to conduct an emission test for HCl or HF.
(4) When testing an existing uncontrolled furnace, the owner or 

operator must comply with the requirements of either paragraph 

(e)(4)(i) or paragraph (e)(4)(ii) of this section at the next 

required performance test.

(i) Install hooding that meets ACGIH Guidelines, or

(ii) Assume a 67 percent capture efficiency for the furnace 

exhaust (i.e., multiply emissions measured at the furnace 

exhaust outlet by 1.5) if hooding does not meet ACGIH 

Guidelines. If the source fails to demonstrate compliance using 

the 67 percent capture efficiency assumption, the owner or 

operator must re-test with a hood that meets the ACGIH 

Guidelines within 90 days, or petition the permitting authority 

that such hoods are impracticable and propose testing procedures 

that will minimize fugitive emissions.

(5) When testing a new uncontrolled furnace the owner or 

operator must either: 

(i) Install hooding that meets ACGIH Guidelines, or 

(ii) Petition the permitting authority that such hoods are 

impracticable and propose testing procedures that will minimize 

fugitive emissions.
(f) Sweat furnace. Except as provided in §63.1505(f)(1), the 

owner or operator must measure emissions of D/F from each sweat 

furnace at the outlet of the control device.

(g) Dross-only furnace. The owner or operator must conduct a 

performance test to measure emissions of PM from each dross-only 

furnace at the outlet of each control device while the unit 

processes only dross and salt flux as the sole feedstock.

(h) In-line fluxer. (1) The owner or operator of an in-line 

fluxer that uses reactive flux materials must conduct a 

performance test to measure emissions of HCl and PM or otherwise 

demonstrate compliance in accordance with paragraph (h)(2) of 

this section. If the in-line fluxer is equipped with an add-on 

control device, the emissions must be measured at the outlet of 

the control device.

(2) The owner or operator may choose to limit the rate at which 

reactive chlorine flux is added to an in-line fluxer and assume, 

for the purposes of demonstrating compliance with the SAPU 

emission limit, that all chlorine in the reactive flux added to 

the in-line fluxer is emitted as HCl. Under these circumstances, 

the owner or operator is not required to conduct an emission 

test for HCl. If the owner or operator of any in-line flux box 

which has no ventilation ductwork manifolded to any outlet or 
emission control device chooses to demonstrate compliance with 

the emission limit for HCl by limiting use of reactive chlorine 

flux and assuming that all chlorine in the flux is emitted as 

HCl, compliance with the HCl limit shall also constitute 

compliance with the emission limit for PM, and no separate 

emission test for PM is required. In this case, the owner or 

operator of the unvented in-line flux box must utilize the 

maximum permissible PM emission rate for the in-line flux boxes 

when determining the total emissions for any SAPU which includes 

the flux box.

(i) Rotary dross cooler. The owner or operator must conduct a 

performance test to measure PM emissions at the outlet of the 

control device.

(j) Secondary aluminum processing unit. The owner or operator 

must conduct performance tests as described in paragraphs (j)(1) 

through (3) of this section. The results of the performance 

tests are used to establish emission rates in lb/ton of 

feed/charge for PM and HCl and HF and μg TEQ/Mg of feed/charge 

for D/F emissions from each emission unit. These emission rates 

are used for compliance monitoring in the calculation of the 3-

day, 24-hour rolling average emission rates using the equation 

in §63.1510(t). A performance test is required for:
(1) Each group 1 furnace processing only clean charge to measure 

emissions of PM and either:

(i) Emissions of HCl or HF (for the emission limits); or

(ii) The mass flow rate of HCl at the inlet to and outlet from 

the control device (for the percent reduction standard).

(2) Each group 1 furnace that processes scrap other than clean 

charge to measure emissions of PM and D/F and either:

(i) Emissions of HCl or HF (for the emission limits); or

(ii) The mass flow rate of HCl at the inlet to and outlet from 

the control device (for the percent reduction standard).

(3) Each in-line fluxer to measure emissions of PM and HCl.

(k) Feed/charge weight measurement. During the emission test(s) 

conducted to determine compliance with emission limits in a 

kg/Mg (lb/ton) format, the owner or operator of an affected 

source or emission unit, subject to an emission limit in a kg/Mg 

(lb/ton) of feed/charge format, must measure (or otherwise 

determine) and record the total weight of feed/charge to the 

affected source or emission unit for each of the three test runs 

and calculate and record the total weight. An owner or operator 

that chooses to demonstrate compliance on the basis of the 
aluminum production weight must measure the weight of aluminum 

produced by the emission unit or affected source instead of the 

feed/charge weight.

(l) Continuous opacity monitoring system. The owner or operator 

of an affected source or emission unit using a continuous 

opacity monitoring system must conduct a performance evaluation 

to demonstrate compliance with Performance Specification 1 in 

appendix B to 40 CFR part 60. Following the performance 

evaluation, the owner or operator must measure and record the 

opacity of emissions from each exhaust stack for all consecutive 

6-minute periods during the PM emission test.

(m) Afterburner. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of an affected source using an afterburner to comply 

with the requirements of this subpart.

(1) Prior to the initial performance test, the owner or operator 

must conduct a performance evaluation for the temperature 

monitoring device according to the requirements of §63.8.

(2) The owner or operator must use these procedures to establish 

an operating parameter value or range for the afterburner 

operating temperature.
(i) Continuously measure and record the operating temperature of 

each afterburner every 15 minutes during the THC and D/F 

performance tests;

(ii) Determine and record the 15-minute block average 

temperatures for the three test runs; and

(iii) Determine and record the 3-hour block average temperature 

measurements for the 3 test runs.

(n) Inlet gas temperature. The owner or operator of a scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln or a group 1 furnace 

using a lime-injected fabric filter must use these procedures to 

establish an operating parameter value or range for the inlet 

gas temperature.

(1) Continuously measure and record the temperature at the inlet 

to the lime-injected fabric filter every 15 minutes during the 

HCl and D/F performance tests;

(2) Determine and record the 15-minute block average 

temperatures for the 3 test runs; and

(3) Determine and record the 3-hour block average of the 

recorded temperature measurements for the 3 test runs.
(o) Flux injection rate. The owner or operator must use these 

procedures to establish an operating parameter value or range 

for the total reactive chlorine flux injection rate.

(1) Continuously measure and record the weight of gaseous or 

liquid reactive flux injected for each 15 minute period during 

the HCl, HF and D/F tests, determine and record the 15-minute 

block average weights, and calculate and record the total weight 

of the gaseous or liquid reactive flux for the 3 test runs;

(2) Record the identity, composition, and total weight of each 

addition of solid reactive flux for the 3 test runs;

(3) Determine the total reactive chlorine flux injection rate by 

adding the recorded measurement of the total weight of chlorine 

in the gaseous or liquid reactive flux injected and the total 

weight of chlorine in the solid reactive flux using Equation 5:

Where,

Wt= Total chlorine usage, by weight;

F1= Fraction of gaseous or liquid flux that is chlorine;

W1= Weight of reactive flux gas injected;
F2= Fraction of solid reactive chloride flux that is chlorine ( 

e.g., F = 0.75 for magnesium chloride; and

W2= Weight of solid reactive flux;

(4) Divide the weight of total chlorine usage (Wt) for the 3 test 

runs by the recorded measurement of the total weight of feed for 

the 3 test runs; and

(5) If a solid reactive flux other than magnesium chloride is 

used, the owner or operator must derive the appropriate 

proportion factor subject to approval by the applicable 

permitting authority.

(p) Lime injection. The owner or operator of an affected source 

or emission unit using a lime-injected fabric filter system must 

use these procedures during the HCl and D/F tests to establish 

an operating parameter value for the feeder setting for each 

operating cycle or time period used in the performance test.

(1) For continuous lime injection systems, ensure that lime in 

the feed hopper or silo is free-flowing at all times; and

(2) Record the feeder setting and lime injection rate for the 3 

test runs. If the feed rate setting and lime injection rates 

varies vary during the runs, determine and record the average 

feed rate and lime injection rate from the 3 runs.
(q) Bag leak detection system. The owner or operator of an 

affected source or emission unit using a bag leak detection 

system must submit the information described in §63.1515(b)(6) 

as part of the notification of compliance status report to 

document conformance with the specifications and requirements in 

§63.1510(f).

(r) Labeling. The owner or operator of each scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln, group 1 furnace, group 2 

furnace and in-line fluxer must submit the information described 

in §63.1515(b)(3) as part of the notification of compliance 

status report to document conformance with the operational 

standard in §63.1506(b).

(s) Capture/collection system. The owner or operator of a new or 

existing affected source or emission unit with an add-on control 

device must submit the information described in §63.1515(b)(2) 

as part of the notification of compliance status report to 

document conformance with the operational standard in 

§63.1506(c).

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 79817, Dec. 30, 

2002; 69 FR 53984, Sept. 3, 2004]

§63.1513 Equations for determining compliance.
(a) THC emission limit. Use Equation 6 to determine compliance 

with an emission limit for THC:

Where,

E = Emission rate of measured pollutant, kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed;

C = Measured volume fraction of pollutant, ppmv;

MW = Molecular weight of measured pollutant, g/g-mole (lb/lbmole): THC (as propane) = 44.11;

Q = Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gases, dscm/hr (dscf/hr);

K1= Conversion factor, 1 kg/1,000 g (1 lb/lb);

K2= Conversion factor, 1,000 L/m3 (1 ft3 /ft3 );

Mv= Molar volume, 24.45 L/g-mole (385.3 ft3 /lb-mole); and

P = Production rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr).

(b) PM, HCl, HF and D/F emission limits. (1) Use Equation 7 of 

this section to determine compliance with an emission limit for 

PM, or HCl or HF:
Where:

E = Emission rate of PM, or HCl or HF, kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed;

C = Concentration of PM, or HCl or HF, g/dscm (gr/dscf);

Q = Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gases, dscm/hr (dscf/hr);

K1= Conversion factor, 1 kg/1,000 g (1 lb/7,000 gr); and

P = Production rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr).

(2) Use Equation 7A of this section to determine compliance with 

an emission limit for D/F:

Where:

E = Emission rate of D/F, μg/Mg (gr/ton) of feed;

C = Concentration of D/F, μg/dscm (gr/dscf);

Q = Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gases, dscm/hr (dscf/hr); 

and

P = Production rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr).
(c) HCl percent reduction standard. Use Equation 8 to determine 

compliance with an HCl percent reduction standard:

Where,

%R = Percent reduction of the control device;

Li= Inlet loading of pollutant, kg/Mg (lb/ton); and

Lo= Outlet loading of pollutant, kg/Mg (lb/ton).

(d) Conversion of D/F measurements to TEQ units. To convert D/F 

measurements to TEQ units, the owner or operator must use the 

procedures and equations in “Interim Procedures for Estimating 

Risks Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated 

Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and -Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 

Update” (EPA–625/3–89–016), incorporated by reference in 

§63.1502 of this subpart, available from the National Technical 

Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, 

Virginia, NTIS no. PB 90–145756.

(e) Secondary aluminum processing unit. Use the procedures in 

paragraphs (e)(1), (2), and (3) or the procedure in paragraph 
(e)(4) of this section to determine compliance with emission 

limits for a secondary aluminum processing unit.

(1) Use Equation 9 to compute the mass-weighted PM emissions for 

a secondary aluminum processing unit. Compliance is achieved if 

the mass-weighted emissions for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit (EcPM) is less than or equal to the emission 

limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit (LcPM) 

calculated using Equation 1 in §63.1505(k).

Where,

EcPM= The mass-weighted PM emissions for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit;

EtiPM= Measured PM emissions for individual emission unit i;

Tti= The average feed rate for individual emission unit i during 

the operating cycle or performance test period, or the sum of 

the average feed rates for all emission units in the group of 

co-controlled emission unit I; and
n=The number of emission units, and groups of co-controlled 

emissions units in the secondary aluminum processing unit.

(2) Use Equation 10 to compute the aluminum mass-weighted HCl or 

HF emissions for the secondary aluminum processing unit. 

Compliance is achieved if the mass-weighted emissions for the 

secondary aluminum processing unit (EcHCl/HF) is less than or equal 

to the emission limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit 

(LcHCl/HF) calculated using Equation 2 in §63.1505(k).

( )

( )

(Eq.10)

T

T

E n

i 1

ti

n

i 1

/ ti

cHCl/HF

∑

∑

=

=

×

=

EtiHCl HF

Where,

EcHCl/HF= The mass-weighted HCl or HF emissions for the secondary 

aluminum processing unit; and

EtiHCl/HF= Measured HCl or HF emissions for individual emission 

unit i.
(3) Use Equation 11 to compute the aluminum mass-weighted D/F 

emissions for the secondary aluminum processing unit. Compliance 

is achieved if the mass-weighted emissions for the secondary 

aluminum processing unit is less than or equal to the emission 

limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit (LcD/F) 

calculated using Equation 3 in §63.1505(k).

Where,

EcD/F= The mass-weighted D/F emissions for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit; and

EtiD/F= Measured D/F emissions for individual emission unit, or 

group of co-controlled emission units i.

(4) As an alternative to using the equations in paragraphs 

(e)(1), (2), and (3) of this section, the owner or operator may 

demonstrate compliance for a secondary aluminum processing unit 

by demonstrating that each existing group 1 furnace is in 

compliance with the emission limits for a new group 1 furnace in 

§63.1505(i) and that each existing in-line fluxer is in 
compliance with the emission limits for a new in-line fluxer in 

§63.1505(j).

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 69 FR 53984, Sept. 3, 

2004]

§63.1514 Change of Furnace Classification.

The requirements of this section are in addition to the other 

requirement of this subpart that apply to group 1 and group 2 

furnaces.

(a) Changing from a group 1 controlled furnace processing other 

than clean charge to group 1 uncontrolled furnace processing 

other than clean charge. 

An owner or operator wishing to change operating modes must 

conduct performance tests to demonstrate to the regulatory 

authority that compliance can be achieved under both modes. 

Operating parameters relevant to each mode of operation must be 

established during the performance test. 

(1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests 

for PM, HCl and D/F, according to the procedures in §63.1512(d) 

with the capture system and control device operating normally. 

Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years 

to demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.
(i) The performance tests must be conducted with the scrap 

containing the highest level of contamination expected to be 

processed, at the highest throughput expected and using the 

highest rate of reactive flux injection expected to be processed 

in controlled mode.

(ii)Parameters for capture, flux rate, and lime injection must 

be established during these tests.

(iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation, for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(2) Operators of major sources must conduct additional 

performance tests for PM, HCl, HF and D/F, according to the 

procedures in §63.1512(e) without operating a control device. 

Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years 

to demonstrate compliance with each operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any time 

after the furnace has completed 1 or more charge to tap cycles, 

or 24 operating hours with scrap of the highest level of 

contamination expected to be processed in uncontrolled mode.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace 

emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§63.1512(e)(4) and directed to the stack or vent tested.
(iii) Parameters for capture and flux rate must be established 

during these tests.

(iv) The emission factors for this mode of operation, for use in 

the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(3) Operators of area sources must conduct performance tests for 

D/F, according to the procedures in §63.1512(d) with the capture 

system and control device operating normally.

(i) The performance tests must be conducted with the scrap 

containing the highest level of contamination expected to be 

processed, at the highest throughput expected to be processes 

and using the highest rate of reactive flux expected to be 

injected in controlled mode.

(ii) Parameters for capture, flux rate, and lime injection must 

be established during these tests.

(iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation, for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(4) Operators of area sources must conduct performance tests for 

D/F, according to the procedures in §63.1512(e) without 

operating a control device.
(i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any time 

after the furnace has completed 1 or more charge to tap cycles, 

or 24 operating hours with scrap of the highest level of 

contamination expected to be processed in uncontrolled mode.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace 

emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Parameters for capture and flux rate must be established 

during these tests. In addition, the number of cycles of furnace 

operation with scrap of the highest level of contamination 

expected to be processed in uncontrolled mode that elapsed prior 

to the performance test(s) conducted in uncontrolled mode is 

established as a parameter.

(iv) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation, for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(5) To change modes of operation from uncontrolled to 

controlled, the owner or operator must, before charging scrap to 

the furnace that exceeds the contaminant level established for 

uncontrolled mode,

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect controlled 

operation,
(ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device, and

(iii) Begin lime addition to the control device at the rate 

established for controlled mode.

(6) To change modes of operation from controlled to 

uncontrolled, the owner or operator must, before turning off or 

bypassing the control device,

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect controlled 

operation, 

(ii) Charge scrap with a level of contamination no greater than 

that used in the performance test for uncontrolled furnaces for 

the number of charge to tap cycles that elapsed with scrap of a 

contamination level no higher than that used in the uncontrolled 

mode performance test(s), and

(iii) Decrease the flux addition rate to no higher than the flux 

addition rate used in the uncontrolled mode performance test.

(7) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of §63.1517, 

the owner or operator must maintain records of the nature of 

each mode change (controlled to uncontrolled, or uncontrolled to 

controlled), the time the change is initiated, and the time the 

exhaust gas is diverted from control device to bypass or bypass 

to control device. 
(b) Changing from a group 1 controlled furnace processing other 

than clean charge to a group 1 uncontrolled furnace processing 

clean charge. An owner or operator wishing to operate under 

controlled mode with other than clean charge and uncontrolled 

mode with clean charge must conduct performance tests to 

demonstrate to the delegated regulatory authority that 

compliance can be achieved in both modes. Operating parameters 

relevant to each mode of operation must be established during 

the performance test. 

(1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests 

for PM, HCl and D/F, according to the procedures in §63.1512 

with the capture system and control device operating normally. 

Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years 

to demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.

(i) The performance tests must be conducted with the scrap 

containing the highest level of contamination expected to be 

processed, at the highest throughput expected to be processed 

and using the highest rate of reactive flux injection expected 

in controlled mode.

(ii) Parameters for capture, flux rate, and lime injection must 

be established during these tests.
(iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation, for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(2) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests 

for PM, HCl and D/F, according to the procedures in §63.1512 

without operating a control device. Performance tests must be 

repeated at least once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance 

for each operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any time 

after the furnace has completed 1 or more charge to tap cycles 

with clean charge.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace 

emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Parameters for capture and flux rate must be established 

during these tests.

(iv) Emissions of D/F during this test must not exceed 1.5 μg 

TEQ/Mg of feed/charge processed, or this mode of operation is 

not allowed.

(v) The emission factors for PM, HCl and HF for this mode of 

operation, for use in the demonstration of compliance with the 
emission limits for SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be 

determined.

(3) Operators of area sources must conduct additional 

performance tests for D/F, according to the procedures in 

§63.1512 with the capture system and control device operating 

normally.

(i) The performance tests must be conducted with the scrap 

containing the highest level of contamination expected to be 

processed, at the highest throughput expected to be processed 

and using the highest rate of reactive flux injection expected 

in controlled mode.

(ii) Parameters for capture, flux rate, and lime injection must 

be established during these tests.

(iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation, for 

use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits 

for SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(4) Operators of area sources must conduct additional 

performance tests for D/F, according to the procedures in 

§63.1512(e) without operating a control device.

(i) Testing may be conducted at any time after the furnace has 

completed 1 or more charge to tap cycles with scrap of the 

highest level of contamination expected to be processed in 
uncontrolled mode at the highest throughput expected to be 

processed in uncontrolled mode.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace 

emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Parameters for flux rate must be established during these 

tests. In addition the number of cycles of furnace operation 

with scrap of the highest level of contamination expected to be 

processed in uncontrolled mode that elapsed prior to the 

performance test(s) conducted in uncontrolled mode is 

established as a parameter.

(iv) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation, for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(5) To change modes of operation from uncontrolled to 

controlled, the owner or operator must, before charging scrap to 

the furnace that exceeds the contaminant level established for 

uncontrolled mode,

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect controlled 

operation,

(ii)Direct the furnace emissions to the control device, and
(iii) Begin lime addition to the control device at the rate 

established for controlled mode.

(6) To change modes of operation from controlled to 

uncontrolled, the owner or operator must, before turning off or 

bypassing the control device,

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect controlled 

operation, 

(ii) Charge clean charge for the number of charge to tap cycles 

that elapsed before the uncontrolled mode performance test was 

conducted, and

(iii) Decrease the flux addition rate to no higher than the flux 

addition rate used in the uncontrolled mode performance test.

(7) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of §63.1517, 

the owner or operator must maintain records of the nature of 

each mode change (controlled to uncontrolled, or uncontrolled to 

controlled), the time the furnace operating mode change is 

initiated, and the time the exhaust gas is diverted from control 

device to bypass or bypass to control device. 

(c) Changing from a group 1 controlled or uncontrolled furnace 

to a group 2 furnace. An owner or operator wishing to change 

operating modes must conduct additional performance tests to 

demonstrate to the delegated regulatory authority that 
compliance can be achieved under group 1 mode and establish the 

number of cycles of operation with clean charge and no reactive 

flux addition necessary to elapse before changing to group 2 

mode. Operating parameters relevant to group 1 operation must be 

established during the performance test. 

(1) Operators of major sources must conduct additional 

performance tests for PM, HCl, HF and D/F, according to the 

procedures in §63.1512. Controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct 

performance tests with the capture system and control device 

operating normally. Performance tests must be repeated at least 

once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance for each operating 

mode.

(i) The performance tests must be conducted with scrap 

containing the highest level of contamination expected to be 

processed, at the highest throughput expected to be processed 

and using the highest rate of reactive flux expected to be 

injected in controlled mode.

(ii) Parameters for throughput, capture, flux rate, and lime 

injection must be established during these tests.

(iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation, for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.
(2) While in compliance with the operating requirements of 

§63.1506(o) for group 2 furnaces, operators of major sources 

must conduct additional performance tests for PM, HCl, HF and 

D/F, according to the procedures in §63.1512(e) without 

operating a control device. Performance tests must be repeated 

at least once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance for each 

operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any time 

after the furnace has completed 1 or more charge-to-tap cycles, 

or 24 operating hours with clean charge, and without reactive 

flux addition.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace 

emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Owners or operators must demonstrate that emissions are no 

greater than:

(A) 1.5 μg D/F (TEQ) per ton of feed/charge,

(B) 0.04 lb HCl or HF per ton of feed/charge, and

(C) 0.04 lb PM per ton of feed/charge.

(iv) The number of charge-to-tap cycles, or operating hours 

elapsed before the group 2 furnace performance tests were 
conducted is established as an operating parameter to be met 

before changing to group 2 mode.

(3) Operators of area sources must conduct an additional 

performance test for D/F, according to the procedures in 

§63.1512. Controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct performance 

tests with the capture system and control device operating 

normally.

(i) The performance test must be conducted with the scrap 

containing the highest level of contamination expected to be 

processed, at the highest throughput expected to be processed 

and using the highest rate of reactive flux expected to be 

injected in group 1 mode.

(ii) Parameters for throughput, flux rate, and lime injection 

must be established during these tests.

(iii) If the furnace is equipped with a control device 

parameter(s) for capture must be established.

(iv) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation, for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(4) While in compliance with the operating standards of 

§63.1506(o) for group 2 furnaces, operators of area sources must 
conduct an additional performance test for D/F, according to the 

procedures in §63.1512(e), without operating a control device.

(i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any time 

after the furnace has completed 1 or more charge-to-tap cycles, 

or 24 operating hours with clean charge, and without reactive 

flux addition.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace 

emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Owners or operators must demonstrate that emissions are no 

greater than 1.5 μg D/F (TEQ) per ton of feed/charge.

(iv) The number of charge-to-tap cycles, or operating hours 

elapsed before the group 2 furnace performance tests were 

conducted is established as an operating parameter to be met 

before changing to group 2 mode.

(5) To change modes of operation from a group 1 furnace to a 

group 2 furnace, the owner or operator must 

(i) discontinue addition of other than clean charge;

(ii) discontinue addition of reactive flux;

(iii) change the label on the furnace to reflect group 2 

operation;
(iv) and if the furnace is equipped with a control device, allow 

the number of cycles of operation established in paragraph (c) 

of this section to elapse before turning off the control device 

or diverting emissions from the control device. In addition 

control device parameters related to lime addition, capture, and 

inlet temperature must be maintained during this period.

(6) To change mode of operation from a group 2 furnace to group 

1 furnace, the owner or operator must change the label to 

reflect group 1 operation. If a control device is required for 

group 1 operation, the owner or operator must direct the 

emissions to the control device and maintain control device 

parameters related to lime addition, capture, and inlet 

temperature.

(d) Changing from a group 1 controlled or uncontrolled furnace 

to group 2 furnace, for tilting reverberatory furnaces capable 

of completely removing furnace contents between batches. An 

owner or operator of a tilting reverberatory furnace capable of 

completely removing furnace contents between batches, wishing to 

change operating modes, must conduct additional performance 

tests to demonstrate that compliance can be achieved under group 

1 mode. Operating parameters relevant to group 1 operation must 

be established during the performance test. 
(1) Operators of major sources must conduct additional 

performance tests for PM, HCl, HF and D/F, according to the 

procedures in §63.1512. Controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct 

performance tests with the capture system and control device 

operating normally. The performance tests must be conducted with 

the scrap containing the highest level of contamination expected 

to be processed, at the highest throughput expected to be 

processed and using the highest rate of reactive flux expected 

to be injected in controlled mode. Performance tests must be 

repeated at least once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance 

for each operating mode.

(i) Parameters for throughput, capture, flux rate, and lime 

injection must be established during these tests.

(ii) The emission factors for this mode of operation, for use in 

the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(2) Operators of area sources must conduct an additional 

performance test for D/F, according to the procedures in 

§63.1512. Operators of controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct 

performance tests with the capture system and control device 

operating normally. Performance tests must be repeated at least 

once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance for each operating 

mode.
(i) The performance test must be conducted with the scrap 

containing the highest level of contamination expected to be 

processed, at the highest throughput expected to be processed 

and using the highest rate of reactive flux injection expected 

in group 1 mode.

(ii) Parameters for throughput, flux rate, and lime injection 

must be established during these tests.

(iii) If the furnace is equipped with a control device 

parameter(s) for capture must be established.

(iv) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation, for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(3) To change modes from group 1 to group 2 the operator must:

(i) Completely remove all aluminum from the furnace;

(ii) Change the furnace label;

(iii) Use only clean charge; and

(iv) Use no reactive flux;

(4) To change modes from group 2 to group 1 the owner or 

operator must, before charging other than clean charge and 

before adding reactive flux to the furnace;
(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 1 

operation,

(ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device, if any, 

and,

(iii) Begin lime addition to the control device, if any.

(5) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of §63.1517, 

the owner or operator must maintain records of the nature of 

each mode change (group 1 to group 2, or group 2 to group 1), 

the time the change is initiated, and, if the furnace is 

equipped with a control device, the time the exhaust gas is 

diverted from control device to bypass or bypass to control 

device. 

(e) Frequency of changing furnace operating mode. Changing 

furnace operating mode and reversion to the previous mode, as 

provided in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section may not 

be done more frequently than once every 6 months, except that 

controlled furnaces may change operating modes (and revert to 

prechange operating mode) without restriction on frequency, when 

the air pollution control device must be shut down for planned 

maintenance.

§63.1514 [Reserved]
Notifications, Reports, And Records

§63.1515 Notifications.

(a) Initial notifications. The owner or operator must submit 

initial notifications to the applicable permitting authority as 

described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (7) of this section.

(1) As required by §63.9(b)(1), the owner or operator must 

provide notification for an area source that subsequently 

increases its emissions such that the source is a major source 

subject to the standard.

(2) As required by §63.9(b)(3), the owner or operator of a new 

or reconstructed affected source, or a source that has been 

reconstructed such that it is an affected source, that has an 

initial startup after the effective date of this subpart and for 

which an application for approval of construction or 

reconstruction is not required under §63.5(d), must provide 

notification that the source is subject to the standard.

(3) As required by §63.9(b)(4), the owner or operator of a new 

or reconstructed major affected source that has an initial 

startup after the effective date of this subpart and for which 

an application for approval of construction or reconstruction is 

required by §63.5(d) must provide the following notifications:
(i) Intention to construct a new major affected source, 

reconstruct a major source, or reconstruct a major source such 

that the source becomes a major affected source;

(ii) Date when construction or reconstruction was commenced 

(submitted simultaneously with the application for approval of 

construction or reconstruction if construction or reconstruction 

was commenced before the effective date of this subpart, or no 

later than 30 days after the date construction or reconstruction 

commenced if construction or reconstruction commenced after the 

effective date of this subpart);

(iii) Anticipated date of startup; and

(iv) Actual date of startup.

(4) As required by §63.9(b)(5), after the effective date of this 

subpart, an owner or operator who intends to construct a new 

affected source or reconstruct an affected source subject to 

this subpart, or reconstruct a source such that it becomes an 

affected source subject to this subpart, must provide 

notification of the intended construction or reconstruction. The 

notification must include all the information required for an 

application for approval of construction or reconstruction as 

required by §63.5(d). For major sources, the application for 
approval of construction or reconstruction may be used to 

fulfill these requirements.

(i) The application must be submitted as soon as practicable 

before the construction or reconstruction is planned to commence 

(but no sooner than the effective date) if the construction or 

reconstruction commences after the effective date of this 

subpart; or

(ii) The application must be submitted as soon as practicable 

before startup but no later than 90 days after the effective 

date of this subpart if the construction or reconstruction had 

commenced and initial startup had not occurred before the 

effective date.

(5) As required by §63.9(d), the owner or operator must provide 

notification of any special compliance obligations for a new 

source.

(6) As required by §63.9(e) and (f), the owner or operator must 

provide notification of the anticipated date for conducting 

performance tests and visible emission observations. The owner 

or operator must notify the Administrator of the intent to 

conduct a performance test at least 60 days before the 

performance test is scheduled; notification of opacity or 

visible emission observations for a performance test must be 
provided at least 30 days before the observations are scheduled 

to take place.

(7) As required by §63.9(g), the owner or operator must provide 

additional notifications for sources with continuous emission 

monitoring systems or continuous opacity monitoring systems.

(b) Notification of compliance status report. Each owner or 

operator of an existing affected source must submit a 

notification of compliance status report within 60 days after 

the compliance date established by §63.1501(a). Each owner or 

operator of a new affected source must submit a notification of 

compliance status report within 90 days after conducting the 

initial performance test required by §63.1511(b), or within 90 

days after the compliance date established by §63.1501(b) if no 

initial performance test is required. The notification must be 

signed by the responsible official who must certify its 

accuracy. A complete notification of compliance status report 

must include the information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) 

through (10) of this section. The required information may be 

submitted in an operating permit application, in an amendment to 

an operating permit application, in a separate submittal, or in 

any combination. In a State with an approved operating permit 

program where delegation of authority under section 112(l) of 

the CAA has not been requested or approved, the owner or 
operator must provide duplicate notification to the applicable 

Regional Administrator. If an owner or operator submits the 

information specified in this section at different times or in 

different submittals, later submittals may refer to earlier 

submittals instead of duplicating and resubmitting the 

information previously submitted. A complete notification of 

compliance status report must include:

(1) All information required in §63.9(h). The owner or operator 

must provide a complete performance test report for each 

affected source and emission unit for which a performance test 

is required. A complete performance test report includes all 

data, associated measurements, and calculations (including 

visible emission and opacity tests).

(2) The approved site-specific test plan and performance 

evaluation test results for each continuous monitoring system 

(including a continuous emission or opacity monitoring system).

(3) Unit labeling as described in §63.1506(b), including process 

type or furnace classification and operating requirements.

(4) The compliant operating parameter value or range established 

for each affected source or emission unit with supporting 

documentation and a description of the procedure used to 

establish the value ( e.g., lime injection rate, total reactive 
chlorine flux injection rate, afterburner operating temperature, 

fabric filter inlet temperature), including the operating cycle 

or time period used in the performance test.

(5) Design information and analysis, with supporting 

documentation, demonstrating conformance with the requirements 

for capture/collection systems in §63.1506(c).

(6) If applicable, analysis and supporting documentation 

demonstrating conformance with EPA guidance and specifications 

for bag leak detection systems in §63.1510(f).

(7) Manufacturer's specification or analysis documenting the 

design residence time of no less than 1 second for each 

afterburner used to control emissions from a scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln subject to alternative 

emission standards in §63.1505(e).

(8) Manufacturer's specification or analysis documenting the 

design residence time of no less than 0.8 seconds and design 

operating temperature of no less than 1,600 °F for each 

afterburner used to control emissions from a sweat furnace that 

is not subject to a performance test.
(9) The OM&M plan (including site-specific monitoring plan for 

each group 1 furnace with no add-on air pollution control 

device).

(10) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan, with revisions.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 59793, Sept. 

24, 2002; 67 FR 79818, Dec. 30, 2002]

§63.1516 Reports.

(a) [Reserved] Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan/reports. 

The owner or operator must develop a written plan as described 

in §63.6(e)(3) that contains specific procedures to be followed 

for operating and maintaining the source during periods of 

startup, shutdown, and malfunction, and a program of corrective 

action for malfunctioning process and air pollution control 

equipment used to comply with the standard. The owner or 

operator shall also keep records of each event as required by 

§63.10(b) and record and report if an action taken during a 

startup, shutdown, or malfunction is not consistent with the 

procedures in the plan as described in §63.6(e)(3). In addition 

to the information required in §63.6(e)(3), the plan must 

include:
(1) Procedures to determine and record the cause of the 

malfunction and the time the malfunction began and ended; and

(2) Corrective actions to be taken in the event of a malfunction 

of a process or control device, including procedures for 

recording the actions taken to correct the malfunction or 

minimize emissions.

(b) Excess emissions/summary report. The owner or operator of a 

major or area source must submit semiannual reports according to 

the requirements in §63.10(e)(3). Except, the owner or operator 

must submit the semiannual reports within 60 days after the end 

of each 6-month period instead of within 30 days after the 

calendar half as specified in §63.10(e)(3)(v). When no 

deviations of parameters have occurred, the owner or operator 

must submit a report stating that no excess emissions occurred 

during the reporting period.

(1) A report must be submitted if any of these conditions occur 

during a 6-month reporting period:

(i) The corrective action specified in the OM&M plan for a bag 

leak detection system alarm was not initiated within 1 hour.
(ii) The corrective action specified in the OM&M plan for a 

continuous opacity monitoring deviation was not initiated within 

1 hour.

(iii) The corrective action specified in the OM&M plan for 

visible emissions from an aluminum scrap shredder was not 

initiated within 1 hour.

(iv) An excursion of a compliant process or operating parameter 

value or range ( e.g., lime injection rate or screw feeder 

setting, total reactive chlorine flux injection rate, 

afterburner operating temperature, fabric filter inlet 

temperature, definition of acceptable scrap, or other approved 

operating parameter).

(v) An action taken during a startup, shutdown, or malfunction 

was not consistent with the procedures in the plan as described 

in §63.6(e)(3).[Reserved}

(vi) An affected source (including an emission unit in a 

secondary aluminum processing unit) was not operated according 

to the requirements of this subpart.

(vii) A deviation from the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emission limit for a secondary aluminum processing unit.
(2) Each report must include each of these certifications, as 

applicable:

(i) For each thermal chip dryer: “Only unpainted aluminum chips 

were used as feedstock in any thermal chip dryer during this 

reporting period.”

(ii) For each dross-only furnace: “Only dross and salt flux were 

used as the charge materials in any dross-only furnace during 

this reporting period.”

(iii) For each sidewell group 1 furnace with add-on air 

pollution control devices: “Each furnace was operated such that 

the level of molten metal remained above the top of the passage 

between the sidewell and hearth during reactive fluxing, and 

reactive flux, except for cover flux, was added only to the 

sidewell or to a furnace hearth equipped with an add-on air 

pollution control device for PM, HCl, HF and D/F emissions 

during this reporting period.”

(iv) For each group 1 melting/holding furnace without add-on air 

pollution control devices and using pollution prevention 

measures that processes only clean charge material: “Each group 

1 furnace without add-on air pollution control devices subject 

to emission limits in §63.1505(i)(2) processed only clean charge 

during this reporting period.”
(v) For each group 2 furnace: “Only clean charge materials were 

processed in any group 2 furnace during this reporting period, 

and no fluxing was performed or all fluxing performed was 

conducted using only nonreactive, non-HAP-containing/non-HAPgenerating fluxing gases or agents, except for cover fluxes, 

during this reporting period.”

(vi) For each in-line fluxer using no reactive flux: “Only 

nonreactive, non-HAP-containing, non-HAP-generating flux gases, 

agents, or materials were used at any time during this reporting 

period.”

(3) The owner or operator must submit the results of any 

performance test conducted during the reporting period, 

including one complete report documenting test methods and 

procedures, process operation, and monitoring parameter ranges 

or values for each test method used for a particular type of 

emission point tested.

(i) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance 

test (defined in §63.2) as required by this subpart you must 

transmit the results of the performance tests required by this 

subpart to EPA’s WebFIRE database by using the Compliance and 

Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI) that is accessed 

through EPA’s Central Data Exchange (CDX)(www.epa.gov/cdx). 
Performance test data must be submitted in the file format 

generated through use of EPA’s Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) 

(see http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/index.html). Only data 

collected using test methods on the ERT website are subject to 

this requirement for submitting reports electronically to 

WebFIRE. Owners or operators who claim that some of the 

information being submitted for performance tests is 

confidential business information (CBI) must submit a complete 

ERT file including information claimed to be CBI on a compact 

disk or other commonly used electronic storage media (including, 

but not limited to, flash drives) to EPA. The electronic media 

must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAPQS/CORE 

CBI Office, Attention: WebFIRE Administrator, MD C404-02, 4930 

Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT file with the CBI 

omitted must be submitted to EPA via CDX as described earlier in 

this paragraph. At the discretion of the delegated authority, 

you must also submit these reports, including the confidential 

business information, to the delegated authority in the format 

specified by the delegated authority.

(ii) All reports required by this subpart not subject to the 

requirements in paragraphs (1)(i) and (ii) of this section must 

be sent to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed 

in §63.13. The Administrator or the delegated authority may 
request a report in any form suitable for the specific case 

(e.g., by commonly used electronic media such as Excel 

spreadsheet, on CD or hard copy). The Administrator retains the 

right to require submittal of reports subject to paragraph 

(1)(i) and (ii) of this section in paper format.

(c) Annual compliance certifications. For the purpose of annual 

certifications of compliance required by 40 CFR part 70 or 71, 

the owner or operator of a major or area source subject to this 

subpart must certify continuing compliance based upon, but not 

limited to, the following conditions:

(1) Any period of excess emissions, as defined in paragraph 

(b)(1) of this section, that occurred during the year were 

reported as required by this subpart; and

(2) All monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements 

were met during the year.

(d) If there was a malfunction during the reporting period, the 

owner or operator must submit a report that includes the number, 

duration, and a brief description for each type of malfunction 

which occurred during the reporting period and which caused or 

may have caused any applicable emission limitation to be 

exceeded. The report must also include a description of actions 

taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an 
affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with 

§§63.1506(a)(5) and 63.1520(a)(8), including actions taken to 

correct a malfunction.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 69 FR 53984, Sept. 3, 

2004; 71 FR 20461, Apr. 20, 2006]

§63.1517 Records

(a) As required by §63.10(b), the owner or operator shall 

maintain files of all information (including all reports and 

notifications) required by the general provisions and this 

subpart.

(1) The owner or operator must retain each record for at least 5 

years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, 

maintenance, corrective action, report, or record. The most 

recent 2 years of records must be retained at the facility. The 

remaining 3 years of records may be retained off site.

(2) The owner or operator may retain records on microfilm, 

computer disks, magnetic tape, or microfiche; and

(3) The owner or operator may report required information on 

paper or on a labeled computer disk using commonly available and 

EPA-compatible computer software.
(b) In addition to the general records required by §63.10(b), 

the owner or operator of a new or existing affected source 

(including an emission unit in a secondary aluminum processing 

unit) must maintain records of:

(1) For each affected source and emission unit with emissions 

controlled by a fabric filter or a lime-injected fabric filter:

(i) If a bag leak detection system is used, the number of total 

operating hours for the affected source or emission unit during 

each 6-month reporting period, records of each alarm, the time 

of the alarm, the time corrective action was initiated and 

completed, and a brief description of the cause of the alarm and 

the corrective action(s) taken.

(ii) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used, records 

of opacity measurement data, including records where the average 

opacity of any 6-minute period exceeds 5 percent, with a brief 

explanation of the cause of the emissions, the time the 

emissions occurred, the time corrective action was initiated and 

completed, and the corrective action taken.

(iii) If an aluminum scrap shredder is subject to visible 

emission observation requirements, records of all Method 9 

observations, including records of any visible emissions during 

a 30-minute daily test, with a brief explanation of the cause of 
the emissions, the time the emissions occurred, the time 

corrective action was initiated and completed, and the 

corrective action taken.

(2) For each affected source with emissions controlled by an 

afterburner:

(i) Records of 15-minute block average afterburner operating 

temperature, including any period when the average temperature 

in any 3-hour block period falls below the compliant operating 

parameter value with a brief explanation of the cause of the 

excursion and the corrective action taken; and

(ii) Records of annual afterburner inspections.

(3) For each scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln and 

group 1 furnace, subject to D/F and HCl emission standards with 

emissions controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter, records 

of 15-minute block average inlet temperatures for each limeinjected fabric filter, including any period when the 3-hour 

block average temperature exceeds the compliant operating 

parameter value +14 °C (+25 °F), with a brief explanation of the 

cause of the excursion and the corrective action taken.

(4) For each affected source and emission unit with emissions 

controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter:
(i) Records of inspections at least once every 8-hour period 

verifying that lime is present in the feeder hopper or silo and 

flowing, including any inspection where blockage is found, with 

a brief explanation of the cause of the blockage and the 

corrective action taken, and records of inspections at least 

once every 4-hour period for the subsequent 3 days. If flow 

monitors, pressure drop sensors or load cells are used to verify 

that lime is present in the hopper and flowing, records of all 

monitor or sensor output including any event where blockage was 

found, with a brief explanation of the cause of the blockage and 

the corrective action taken;

(ii) If lime feeder setting is monitored, records of daily 

inspections of feeder setting, including records of any 

deviation of the feeder setting from the setting used in the 

performance test, with a brief explanation of the cause of the 

deviation and the corrective action taken.

(iii) If lime addition rate for a noncontinuous lime injection 

system is monitored pursuant to the approved alternative 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510(v), records of the time and 

mass of each lime addition during each operating cycle or time 

period used in the performance test and calculations of the 

average lime addition rate (lb/ton of feed/charge).
(5) For each group 1 furnace (with or without add-on air 

pollution control devices) or in-line fluxer, records of 15-

minute block average weights of gaseous or liquid reactive flux 

injection, total reactive flux injection rate and calculations 

(including records of the identity, composition, and weight of 

each addition of gaseous, liquid or solid reactive flux), 

including records of any period the rate exceeds the compliant 

operating parameter value and corrective action taken.

(6) For each continuous monitoring system, records required by 

§63.10(c).

(7) For each affected source and emission unit subject to an 

emission standard in kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed/charge, records of 

feed/charge (or throughput) weights for each operating cycle or 

time period used in the performance test.

(8) Approved site-specific monitoring plan for a group 1 furnace 

without add-on air pollution control devices with records 

documenting conformance with the plan.

(9) Records of all charge materials for each thermal chip dryer, 

dross-only furnace, and group 1 melting/holding furnaces without 

air pollution control devices processing only clean charge.
(10) Operating logs for each group 1 sidewell furnace with addon air pollution control devices documenting conformance with 

operating standards for maintaining the level of molten metal 

above the top of the passage between the sidewell and hearth 

during reactive flux injection and for adding reactive flux only 

to the sidewell or a furnace hearth equipped with a control 

device for PM, HCl, and D/F emissions.

(11) For each in-line fluxer for which the owner or operator has 

certified that no reactive flux was used:

(i) Operating logs which establish that no source of reactive 

flux was present at the in-line fluxer;

(ii) Labels required pursuant to §63.1506(b) which establish 

that no reactive flux may be used at the in-line fluxer; or

(iii) Operating logs which document each flux gas, agent, or 

material used during each operating cycle.

(12) Records of all charge materials and fluxing materials or 

agents for a group 2 furnace.

(13) Records of monthly inspections for proper unit labeling for 

each affected source and emission unit subject to labeling 

requirements.
(14) Records of annual inspections of emission 

capture/collection and closed vent systems.

(15) Records for any approved alternative monitoring or test 

procedure.

(16) Current copy of all required plans, including any 

revisions, with records documenting conformance with the 

applicable plan, including:

(i) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan[Reserved];

(ii) OM&M plan; and

(iii) Site-specific secondary aluminum processing unit emission 

plan (if applicable).

(17) For each secondary aluminum processing unit, records of 

total charge weight, or if the owner or operator chooses to 

comply on the basis of aluminum production, total aluminum 

produced for each 24-hour period and calculations of 3-day, 24-

hour rolling average emissions.

(18) For each malfunction for which the owner or operator 

chooses to claim coverage under the affirmative defense 

provisions, the owner or operator must maintain the following 

records;
(i) Records of the occurrence and duration of each malfunction 

of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air pollution 

control equipment and monitoring equipment.

(ii) Records of actions taken during periods of malfunction to 

minimize emissions in accordance with §§63.1506(a)(5) and 

63.1520(a)(8), including corrective actions to restore 

malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring 

equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation.

(c) All reports required by this subpart not subject to the

requirements in paragraph (b) of this section must be sent to 

the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in §63.13. 

If acceptable to both the Administrator and the owner or 

operator of a source, these reports may be submitted on 

electronic media. The Administrator retains the right to require 

submittal of reports subject to paragraph (b) of this section in 

paper format.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 79818, Dec. 30, 

2002]

Other

§63.1518 Applicability of general provisions.
The requirements of the general provisions in subpart A of this 

part that are applicable to the owner or operator subject to the 

requirements of this subpart are shown in appendix A to this 

subpart.

§63.1519 Implementation and enforcement.

(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. 

EPA, or a delegated authority such as the applicable State, 

local, or Tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has 

delegated authority to a State, local, or Tribal agency, then 

that agency, in addition to the U.S. EPA, has the authority to 

implement and enforce this regulation. Contact the applicable 

U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is 

delegated to a State, local, or Tribal agency.

(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of 

this regulation to a State, local, or Tribal agency under 

subpart E of this part, the authorities contained in paragraph 

(c) of this section are retained by the Administrator of U.S. 

EPA and cannot be transferred to the State, local, or Tribal 

agency.

(c) The authorities that cannot be delegated to State, local, or 

Tribal agencies are as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through 

(4) of this section.
(1) Approval of alternatives to the requirements in §§63.1500 

through 63.1501 and 63.1505 through 63.1506.

(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods for under 

§63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f), as defined in §63.90, and as required 

in this subpart.

(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under §63.8(f), 

as defined in §63.90, and as required in this subpart.

(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and 

reporting under §63.10(f), as defined in §63.90, and as required 

in this subpart.

[68 FR 37359, June 23, 2003]

§63.1520 [Reserved]

§63.1520 Affirmative defense for violation of emission limit 

during malfunction.

In response to an action to enforce the standards set forth in 

this subpart, you may assert an affirmative defense to a claim 

for civil penalties for violations of such standards that are 

caused by malfunction, as defined at §63.2. Appropriate 

penalties may be assessed, however, if you fail to meet your 

burden of proving all of the requirements in the affirmative 
defense. The affirmative defense shall not be available for 

claims for injunctive relief.

(a) To establish the affirmative defense in any action to 

enforce such a limit, you must timely meet the notification 

requirements in paragraph (b) of this section, and must prove by 

a preponderance of evidence that:

(1) The excess emissions:

(i) Were caused by a sudden, infrequent and unavoidable failure 

of air pollution control and monitoring equipment, process 

equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner; 

and

(ii) Could not have been prevented through careful planning, 

proper design or better operation and maintenance practices; and

(iii) Did not stem from any activity or event that could have 

been foreseen and avoided, or planned for.

(iv) Were not part of a recurring pattern indicative of 

inadequate design, operation, or maintenance; and

(2) Repairs were made as expeditiously as possible when the 

applicable emission limitations were being exceeded. Off-shift 

and overtime labor were used, to the extent practicable to make 

these repairs; and

(3) The frequency, amount and duration of the excess emissions 

(including any bypass) were minimized to the maximum extent 

practicable during periods of such emissions; and
(4) If the excess emissions resulted from a bypass of control 

equipment or a process, then the bypass was unavoidable to 

prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe property 

damage; and

(5) All possible steps were taken to minimize the impact of the 

excess emissions on ambient air quality, the environment and 

human health; and

(6) All emissions monitoring and control systems were kept in 

operation if at all possible, consistent with safety and good 

air pollution control practices; and

(7) All of the actions in response to the excess emissions were 

documented by properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs; 

and

(8) At all times, the affected source was operated in a manner

consistent with good practices for minimizing emissions; and

(9) A written root cause analysis has been prepared, the purpose 

of which is to determine, correct, and eliminate the primary 

causes of the malfunction and the excess emissions resulting 

from the malfunction event at issue. The analysis shall also 

specify, using best monitoring methods and engineering judgment, 

the amount of excess emissions that were the result of the 

malfunction.

(b) Reports. The owner or operator seeking to assert an 

affirmative defense shall submit a written report to the 
Administrator within 45 days of the initial occurrence of the 

violation of the standards in this subpart, which may be the end 

of any applicable averaging period, to demonstrate, with all 

necessary supporting documentation, that it has met the 

requirements set forth in paragraph (a) of this section. The 

owner or operator may seek an extension of this deadline for up 

to 30 additional days by submitting a written request to the 

Administrator before the expiration of the 45 day period. Until 

a request for an extension has been approved by the 

Administrator, the owner or operator is subject to the 

requirement to submit such report within 45 days of the initial 

occurrence of the violation.

Table 1 to Subpart RRR of Part 63—Emission Standards for New and 

Existing Affected Sources


Affected source/Emission unit Pollutant Limit Units
All new and existing affected 

sources and emission units 

that are controlled with a PM 

add-on control device and

that choose to monitor with a 

COM; and all new and existing 

aluminum scrap shredders that 

choose to monitor with a COM 

or to monitor visible 

emissions

Opacity 10 Percent

New and existing aluminum 

scrap shredder

PM 0.01 Gr/dscf

New and existing thermal chip 

dryer

THC 0.8 lb/ton of feed

D/Fa 2.5 ug TEQ/Mg of feed

New and existing scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln

or

PM 0.08 lb/ton of feed

HCl 0.8 lb/ton of feed

THC 0.06 lb/ton of feed

D/Fb 0.25 ug TEQ/Mg of feed

Alternative limits if 

afterburner has a design 

residence time of at least 1 

second and operates at a 

temperature of at least 1400 

F

PM 0.3 lb/ton of feed

HCl 1.5 lb/ton of feed

THC 0.2 lb/ton of feed

D/Fa 5 ug TEQ/Mg of feed

New or existing sweat furnace D/Fa 0.8 ng TEQ/dscm @ 11% O2b

New or existing dross-only 

furnace

PM 0.3 lb/ton of feed

New or existing in-line 

fluxer 

HCL 0.04 lb/ton of feed

PM 0.01 lb/ton of feed

New and existing in-line 

fluxer with no reactive 

No 

limit

work practice: no 

reactive fluxing
fluxing

New and existing rotary dross 

cooler

PM 0.04 gr/dscf

New and existing clean 

furnace (Group 2)

No 

limit

Work practices: clean 

charge only and no 

reactive fluxing

New and existing group 1 

melting/holding furnace 

(processing only clean 

charge)c

PM 0.8 lb/ton of feed

HCL 0.4 lb/ton of feed

HF 0.4 lb/ton of feed

or

10 percent of the HCl 

upstream of the add-on 

control device

New and existing group 1 

furnacec

PM 0.4 lb/ton of feed

HCL 0.4 lb/ton of feed

HF 0.4 lb/ton of feed

or

10 percent of the HCl 

upstream of the add-on 

control device

D/Fb 15 ug/TEQ/Mg of feed

New and existing group 1 

furnace with clean charge 

onlyc

PM 0.4 lb/ton of feed

HCL 0.4 lb/ton of feed

HF 0.4 lb/ton of feed

or

10 percent of the HCl 

upstream of the add-on 

control device

D/Fa No 

limit

Clean charge only
New and existing secondary 

aluminum processing unita,d

(consists of all existing 

group 1 furnaces and existing 

in-line flux boxes at the 

facility, or all 

simultaneously constructed 

new group 1 furnaces and new 

in-lie fluxers)

PMe

( )

( )

(Eq.1)

T

L T

L n

i 1

ti

n

i 1

ti ti

C

PM

PM ∑

∑

=

=

×

=

HCl or HFf

( )

( )

(Eq. 2)

T

L T

L n

i 1

ti

n

i 1

tiHCl/HF ti

cHCl/HF

∑

∑

=

=

×

=

D/Fg

( )

( )

(Eq. 3)

T

L T

L n

i 1

ti

n

i 1

tiD/F ti

cD/F

∑

∑

=

=

×

=

a D/F limit applies to a unit at a major or area source.

b Sweat furnaces equipped with afterburners meeting the specifications of 

§63.1505(f)(1) are not required to conduct a performance test.

d These limits are also used to calculate the limits applicable to secondary 

aluminum processing units.

d Equation definitions: LiPM = the PM emission limit for individual emission 

unit i in the secondary aluminum processing unit [kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed]; Ti

= the feed rate for individual emission unit i in the secondary aluminum 

processing unit; LtPM = the overall PM emission limit for the secondary 

aluminum processing unit [kg/Mg (lb/Ton of feed)]; LiHCL/HF = the HCL or HF

emission limit for individual emission unit i in the secondary aluminum 

processing unit [kg/Mg (lb/Ton) of feed]; LtHCl/HF = the overall HCl or HF

emission limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit [kg/Mg (lb/ton) of 

feed]; LiD/F = the D/F emission limit for individual emission unit i [μg TEQ/Mg 

(gr TEQ/ton) of feed]; LtD/F = the overall D/F emission limit for the secondary 

aluminum processing unit [μg TEQ/Mg (gr TEQ/Ton) of feed]; n = the number of 

units in the secondary aluminum processing unit. (Need to check. These are 

slightly different that what is in the text of the rule)

e In-line fluxers using no reactive flux materials cannot be included in this 

calculation since they are not subject to the PM limit.
f In-line fluxers using no reactive flux materials cannot be included in this 

calculation since they are not subject to the HCL and HF limits.

g Clean charge furnaces cannot be included in this calculation since they are 

not subject to the D/F limit.

Table 2 to Subpart RRR of Part 63—Summary of Operating 

Requirements for New and Existing Affected Sources and Emission 

Units

Affected 

source/emission unit

Monitor 

type/operation/process Operating requirements

All affected sources 

and emission units 

with an add-on air 

pollution control 

device

Emission capture and 

collection system

Design and install in 

accordance with 

Industrial Ventilation: 

A Handbook of 

Recommended Practice;23rd

or 27th edition; operate 

in accordance with OM&M 

plan.b

All affected sources 

and emission units 

subject to 

production-based 

(lb/ton of feed) 

emission limitsa

Charge/feed weight or 

Production weight

Operate a device that 

records the weight of 

each charge; Operate in 

accordance with OM&M 

plan.b

Group 1 furnace, 

group 2 furnace, inline fluxer and scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln

Labeling Identification, 

operating parameter 

ranges and operating 

requirements posted at 

affected sources and 

emission units; control 

device temperature and 

residence time 

requirements posted at 

scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln.

Aluminum scrap 

shredder with fabric 

filter

Bag leak detector or Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of 

alarm and complete in 

accordance with OM&M 
planb

; operate such that 

alarm does not sound 

more than 5% of 

operating time in 6-

month period.

 COM or Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of a 

6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more 

and complete in 

accordance with OM&M 

plan.b

 VE Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of 

any observed VE and 

complete in accordance 

with the OM&M plan.b

Thermal chip dryer 

with afterburner

Afterburner operating 

temperature

Maintain average 

temperature for each 3-

hr period at or above 

average operating 

temperature during the 

performance test.

 Afterburner operation Operate in accordance 

with OM&M plan.b

 Feed material Operate using only 

unpainted aluminum 

chips.

Scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln 

with afterburner and 

lime-injected fabric 

filter

Afterburner operating 

temperature

Maintain average 

temperature for each 3-

hr period at or above 

average operating 

temperature during the 

performance test.

 Afterburner operation Operate in accordance 

with OM&M plan.b

 Bag leak detector or Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of 

alarm and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan;boperate such that 

alarm does not sound 

more than 5% of 

operating time in 6-

month period.
 COM Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of a 

6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more 

and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan.b

 Fabric filter inlet 

temperature

Maintain average fabric 

filter inlet temperature 

for each 3-hr period at 

or below average 

temperature during the 

performance test +14 °C 

(+25 °F).

 Lime injection rate Maintain free-flowing 

lime in the feed hopper 

or silo at all times for 

continuous injection 

systems; maintain feeder 

setting at level 

established during the 

performance test for 

continuous injection 

systems.

Sweat furnace with 

afterburner

Afterburner operating 

temperature

If a performance test 

was conducted, maintain 

average temperature for 

each 3-hr period at or 

above average operating 

temperature during the 

performance test; if a 

performance test was not 

conducted, and 

afterburner meets 

specifications of 

§63.1505(f)(1), maintain 

average temperature for 

each 3-hr period at or 

above 1600 °F.

 Afterburner operation Operate in accordance 

with OM&M plan.b

Dross-only furnace 

with fabric filter

Bag leak detector or Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of 

alarm and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan;boperate such that 

alarm does not sound 

more than 5% of 
operating time in 6-

month period.

 COM Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of a 

6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more 

and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan.b

 Feed/charge material Operate using only dross 

as the feed material.

Rotary dross cooler 

with fabric filter

Bag leak detector or Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of 

alarm and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan;boperate such that 

alarm does not sound 

more than 5% of 

operating time in 6-

month period.

 COM Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of a 

6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more 

and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan.b

In-line fluxer with 

lime-injected fabric 

filter (including 

those that are part 

of a secondary 

aluminum processing 

unit)

Bag leak detector or Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of 

alarm and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan;boperate such that 

alarm does not sound 

more than 5% of 

operating time in 6-

month period.

 COM Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of a 

6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more 

and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan.b

 Lime injection rate Maintain free-flowing 

lime in the feed hopper 

or silo at all times for 

continuous injection 
systems; maintain feeder 

setting at level

established during 

performance test for 

continuous injection 

systems.

 Reactive flux injection 

rate

Maintain reactive flux 

injection rate at or 

below rate used during 

the performance test for 

each operating cycle or 

time period used in the 

performance test.

In-line fluxer (using 

no reactive flux 

material)

Flux materials Use no reactive flux.

Group 1 furnace with 

lime-injected fabric 

filter (including 

those that are part 

of a secondary of 

aluminum processing 

unit).

Bag leak detector or Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of 

alarm; operate such that 

alarm does not sound 

more than 5% of 

operating time in 6-

month period; complete 

corrective action in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan.b

 COM Initiate corrective 

action within 1-hr of a 

6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more; 

complete corrective 

action in accordance 

with the OM&M plan.b

 Fabric filter inlet 

temperature

Maintain average fabric 

filter inlet temperature 

for each 3-hour period 

at or below average 

temperature during the 

performance test +14 °C 

(+25 °F).

 Reactive flux injection 

rate

Maintain reactive flux 

injection rate (kg/Mg) 

(lb/ton) at or below 

rate used during the 

performance test for 

each furnace cycle.

 Lime injection rate Maintain free-flowing 
lime in the feed hopper 

or silo at all times for 

continuous injection 

systems; maintain feeder 

setting at level 

established at 

performance test for 

continuous injection 

systems.

 Maintain molten aluminum 

level

Operate sidewell 

furnaces such that the 

level of molten metal is 

above the top of the 

passage between sidewell 

and hearth during 

reactive flux injection, 

unless the hearth is 

also controlled.

 Fluxing in sidewell 

furnace hearth

Add reactive flux only 

to the sidewell of the 

furnace unless the 

hearth is also 

controlled.

Group 1 furnace 

without add-on 

controls (including 

those that are part 

of a secondary 

aluminum processing 

unit)

Reactive flux injection 

rate

Maintain reactive flux 

injection rate (kg/Mg) 

(lb/ton) at or below 

rate used during the 

performance test for 

each operating cycle or 

time period used in the 

performance test.

 Site-specific monitoring 

planc

Operate furnace within 

the range of charge 

materials, contaminant 

levels, and parameter 

values established in 

the site-specific 

monitoring plan.

 Feed material 

(melting/holding 

furnace)

Use only clean charge.

Clean (group 2) 

furnace

Charge and flux 

materials

Use only clean charge. 

Use no reactive flux.

Furnaces that will be idle 

for at least 24 hours and 

will burn clean fuel only, 

will not receive new 

Associated fans, hoods and 

APCD may be temporarily 

turned off.
charge, flux or alloying 

material

Before charging resumes, 

all associated fans, hoods 

and APCD must be turned on 

and operated continuously.

a

Thermal chip dryers, scrap dryers/delacquering kilns/decoating kilns, drossonly furnaces, in-line fluxers and group 1 furnaces including melting/holding 

furnaces.

b

OM&M plan—Operation, maintenance, and monitoring plan.

c

Site-specific monitoring plan. Owner/operators of group 1 furnaces without 

control devices must include a section in their OM&M plan that documents work 

practice and pollution prevention measures, including procedures for scrap 

inspection, by which compliance is achieved with emission limits and process 

or feed parameter-based operating requirements. This plan and the testing to 

demonstrate adequacy of the monitoring plan must be developed in coordination 

with and approved by the permitting authority.

d

APCD – Air pollution control device.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 79818, Dec. 30, 2002; 69 FR 

53984, Sept. 3, 2004]

Table 3 to Subpart RRR of Part 63—Summary of Monitoring 

Requirements for New and Existing Affected Sources and Emission 

Units

Affected 

source/Emission unit

Monitor 

type/Operation/Process Monitoring requirements

All affected sources 

and emission units 

with an add-on air 

pollution control 

device

Emission capture and 

collection system

Annual inspection of all 

emission capture, 

collection, and transport 

systems to ensure that 

systems continue to 

operate in accordance with 

ACGIH standards. Inspection 

includes volumetric flow 

rate measurements.

All affected sources 

and emission units 

Feed/charge weight Record weight of each 

feed/charge, weight 
subject to 

production-based 

(lb/ton of 

feed/charge) 

emission limitsa

measurement device or 

other procedure accuracy 

of ±1%b

; calibrate 

according to manufacturers 

specifications, or at 

least once every 6 months.

Group 1 furnace, 

group 2 furnace, inline fluxer, and 

scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln

Labeling Check monthly to confirm 

that labels are intact and 

legible.

Aluminum scrap 

shredder with fabric 

filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with 

manufacturer’s operating 

instructions.“Fabric 

Filter Bag Leak Detection 

Guidance”c; record voltage 

output from bag leak 

detector.

 COM or Design and install in 

accordance with PS–1; 

collect data in accordance 

with subpart A of 40 CFR 

part 63; determine and 

record 6-minute block 

averages.

 VE Conduct and record results 

of 30-minute daily test in 

accordance with Method 9.

Thermal chip dryer 

with afterburner

Afterburner operating 

temperature

Continuous measurement 

device to meet 

specifications in 

§63.1510(g)(1); record 

average temperature for 

each 15-minute block; 

determine and record 3-hr 

block averages.

 Afterburner operation Annual inspection of 

afterburner internal 

parts; complete repairs in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan.

 Feed/charge material Record identity of each 

feed/charge; certify 

feed/charge materials 

every 6 months.
Scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln 

with afterburner and 

lime-injected fabric 

filter

Afterburner operating 

temperature.

Continuous measurement 

device to meet 

specifications in 

§63.1510(g)(1); record 

temperature for each 15-

minute block; determine 

and record 3-hr block 

averages.

 Afterburner operation Annual inspection of 

afterburner internal 

parts; complete repairs in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan.

 Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with 

manufacturer’s operating 

instructions.“Fabric 

Filter Bag Leak Detection

Guidancec; record voltage 

output from bag leak 

detector.

 COM Design and Install in 

accordance with PS–1; 

collect data in accordance 

with subpart A of 40 CFR 

part 63; determine and 

record 6-minute block 

averages.

 Lime injection rate For continuous injection 

systems, inspect each feed 

hooper or silo every 8 

hours to verify that lime 

is free flowing; record 

results of each 

inspection. If blockage 

occurs, inspect every 4 

hours for 3 days; return 

to 8-hour inspections if 

corrective action results 

in no further blockage 

during 3-day period, 

record feeder setting 

daily. Verify monthly that 

lime injection rate is no 

less than 90 percent of 

the rate used during the 

compliance demonstration 

test.
 Fabric filter inlet 

temperature.

Continous measurement 

device to meet 

specifications in 

§63.1510(h)(2); record 

temperatures in 15-minute 

block averages; determine 

and record 3-hr block 

averages.

Sweat furnace with 

afterburner

Afterburner operating 

temperature

Continuous measurement 

device to meet 

specifications in 

§63.1510(g)(1); record 

temperatures in 15-minute 

block averages; determine 

and record 3-hr block 

averages.

 Afterburner operation Annual inspection of 

afterburner internal 

parts; complete repairs in 

accordance with the OM&M 

plan.

Dross-only furnace 

with fabric filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with 

manufacturer’s operating 

instructions.“Fabric

Filter Bag Leak Detection 

Guidance”c; record output 

voltage from bag leak 

detector.

 COM Design and install in 

accordance with PS–1; 

collect data in accordance 

with subpart A of 40 CFR 

part 63; determine and 

record 6-minute block 

averages.

 Feed/charge material Record identity of each 

feed/charge; certify 

charge materials every 6 

months.

Rotary dross cooler 

with fabric filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with 

manufacturer’s operating 

instructions.“Fabric 

Filter Bag Leak Detection 

Guidance”c; record output 

voltage from bag leak 
detector.

 COM Design and install in 

accordance with PS–1; 

collect data in accordance 

with subpart A of 40 CFR 

part 63; determine and 

record 6-minute block 

averages.

In-line fluxer with 

lime-injected fabric 

filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with 

manufacturer’s operating 

instructions.“Fabric

Filter Bag Leak Detection

Guidance”c; record output 

voltage from bag leak 

detector.

 COM Design and install in 

accordance with PS–1; 

collect data in accordance 

with subpart A of 40 CFR 

part 63; determine and 

record 6-minute block 

averages

 Reactive flux 

injection rate

Weight measurement device 

accuracy of ±1%b; calibrate 

according to 

manufacturer's 

specifications or at least 

once every 6 months; 

record time, weight and 

type of reactive flux 

added or injected for each 

15-minute block period 

while reactive fluxing 

occurs; calculate and 

record total reactive flux 

injection rate for each 

operating cycle or time 

period used in performance 

test; or

Alternative flux injection 

rate determination 

procedure per 

§63.1510(j)(5). For solid 

flux added intermittently, 

record the amount added 

for each operating cycle 

or time period used in the 
performance test.

 Lime injection rate For continuous injection 

systems, record feeder 

setting daily and inspect 

each feed hopper or silo 

every 8 hrs to verify that 

lime is free-flowing; 

record results of each 

inspection. If blockage 

occurs, inspect every 4 

hrs for 3 days; return to 

8-hour inspections if 

corrective action results 

in no further blockage 

during 3-day period.d

Verify monthly that the 

lime injection rate is no 

less than 90 percent of 

the rate used during the 

compliance demonstration 

test.

In-line fluxer using 

no reactive flux

Flux materials Record flux materials; 

certify every 6 months for 

no reactive flux.

Group 1 furnace with 

lime-injected fabric 

filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with with 

manufacturer’s operating 

instructions.“Fabric 

Filter Bag Leak Detection 

Guidance”c; record output 

voltage from bag leak 

detector.

 COM Design and install in 

accordance with PS–1; 

collect data in accordance 

with subpart A of 40 part 

CFR 63; determine and 

record 6-minute block 

averages.

 Lime injection rate For continuous injection 

systems, record feeder 

setting daily and inspect 

each feed hopper or silo 

every 8 hours to verify 

that lime is free-flowing; 

record results of each 

inspection. If blockage 

occurs, inspect every 4 
hours for 3 days; return 

to 8-hour inspections if 

corrective action results 

in no further blockage 

during 3-day period.d

Verify monthly that the 

lime injection rate is no 

less than 90 percent of 

the rate used during the 

compliance demonstration 

test.

 Reactive flux 

injection rate

Weight measurement device 

accuracy of ±1%b; calibrate 

every 3 months; record 

weight and type of 

reactive flux added or 

injected for each 15-

minute block period while 

reactive fluxing occurs; 

calculate and record total 

reactive flux injection 

rate for each operating 

cycle or time period used 

in performance test; or 

Alternative flux injection 

rate determination 

procedure per 

§63.1510(j)(5). For solid 

flux added intermittently, 

record the amount added 

for each operating cycle 

or time period used in the 

performance test.

 Fabric filter inlet 

temperature

Continuous measurement 

device to meet 

specifications in 

§63.1510(h)(2); record 

temperatures in 15-minute 

block averages; determine 

and record 3-hour block 

averages.

 Maintain molten 

aluminum level in 

sidewell furnace

Maintain aluminum level 

operating log; certify 

every 6 months. If visual 

inspection of molten metal 

level is not possible, use 

physical measurement 

methods.
Group 1 furnace 

without add-on 

controls

Fluxing in sidewell 

furnace hearth

Maintain flux addition 

operating log; certify 

every 6 months.

 Reactive flux 

injection rate

Weight measurement device 

accuracy of +1%b; calibrate 

according to manufacturers 

specifications or at least 

once every six months; 

record weight and type of 

reactive flux added or 

injected for each 15-

minute block period while 

reactive fluxing occurs; 

calculate and record total 

reactive flux injection 

rate for each operating 

cycle or time period used 

in performance test. For 

solid flux added 

intermittently, record the 

amount added for each 

operating cycle or time 

period used in the 

performance test

 OM&M plan (approved by 

permitting agency)

Demonstration of sitespecific monitoring 

procedures to provide data 

and show correlation of 

emissions across the range 

of charge and flux 

materials and furnace 

operating parameters.

 Feed material 

(melting/holding 

furnace)

Record type of permissible 

feed/charge material; 

certify charge materials 

every 6 months.

Clean (group 2) 

furnace

Charge and flux 

materials

Record charge and flux 

materials; certify every 6 

months for clean charge 

and no reactive flux.

a

Thermal chip dryers, scrap dryers/delacquering kilns/decoating kilns, drossonly furnaces, in-line fluxers and group 1 furnaces or melting/holding 

furnaces.

b

Permitting agency may approve measurement devices of alternative accuracy, 

for example in cases where flux rates are very low and costs of meters of 

specified accuracy are prohibitive; or where feed/charge weighing devices of 
specified accuracy are not practicable due to equipment layout or charging 

practices.

c

Non-triboelectric bag leak detectors must be installed and operated in 

accordance with manufacturers' specifications.

d

Permitting agency may approve other alternatives including load cells for 

lime hopper weight, sensors for carrier gas pressure, or HCl monitoring 

devices at fabric filter outlet.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 69 FR 53985, Sept. 3, 2004]

Appendix A to Subpart RRR of Part 63—General Provisions 

Applicability to Subpart RRR

Citation Requirement

Applies to 

RRR Comment

§63.1(a)(1)–

(4)

General Applicability Yes.

§63.1(a)(5) No [Reserved].

§63.1(a)(6)–

(8)

Yes.

§63.1(a)(9) No [Reserved].

§63.1(a) 

(10)–(14)

Yes.

§63.1(b) Initial Applicability 

Determination

Yes EPA retains approval 

authority.

§63.1(c)(1) Applicability After 

Standard Established

Yes.

§63.1(c)(2) Yes §63.1500(e) exempts 

area sources subject 

to this subpart from 

the obligation to 

obtain Title V 

operating permits.

§63.1(c)(3) No [Reserved].

§63.1(c)(4)–

(5)

Yes.

§63.1(d) No [Reserved].
§63.1(e) Applicability of Permit 

Program

Yes.

§63.2 Definitions Yes Additional 

definitions in 

§63.1503.

§63.3 Units and Abbreviations Yes

§63.4(a)(1)–

(3)

Prohibited Activities Yes.

§63.4(a)(4) No [Reserved]

§63.4(a)(5) Yes.

§63.4(b)–(c) Circumvention/ 

Severability

Yes.

§63.5(a) Construction and 

Reconstruction—

Applicability

Yes.

§63.5(b)(1) Existing, New, 

Reconstructed Sources—

Requirements

Yes.

§63.5(b)(2) No [Reserved].

§63.5(b)(3)–

(6)

Yes.

§63.5(c) No [Reserved].

§63.5(d) Application for Approval 

of Construction/ 

Reconstruction

Yes.

§63.5(e) Approval of Construction/ 

Reconstruction

Yes.

§63.5(f) Approval of

Construction/Reconstructi

on Based on State Review

Yes.

§63.6(a) Compliance with Standards 

and Maintenance—

Applicability

Yes.

§63.6(b)(1)–

(5)

New and Reconstructed 

Sources—Dates

Yes.

§63.6(b)(6) No [Reserved].

§63.6(b)(7) Yes.
§63.6(c)(1) Existing Sources Dates Yes §63.1501 specifies 

dates.

§63.6(c)(2) Yes.

§63.6(c)(3)–

(4)

No [Reserved].

§63.6(c)(5) Yes.

§63.6(d) No [Reserved].

63.6(e)(1)(i) No. See §63.1506(a)(5) 

for general duty 

requirement. Any 

other cross reference 

to §63.6(3)(1)(i) in 

any other general 

provision 

incorporated by 

reference shall be 

treated as a cross 

reference to 

§63.1506(a)(5).

63.6(e)(1)(ii

)

No.

§63.6(e)(1)–

(2)

Operation & Maintenance 

Requirements

Yes §63.1510 requires 

plan.

63.6(e)(2)) Yes.

§63.6(e)(3) Startup and, Shutdown, 

and Malfunction Plan

YesNo.

§63.6(f) Compliance with Emission 

Standards

Yes.

§63.6(f)(1) Compliance with Emission 

Standards

No.

§63.6(f)(2) Compliance with Emission 

Standards

Yes.

§63.6(g) Alternative Standard No

§63.6(h) Compliance with Yes.
Opacity/VE Standards

§63.6(h)(1) Compliance with Opacity/VE 

Standards

No.

§63.6(h)(2)- Compliance with Opacity/VE 

Standards

Yes.

§63.6(i)(1)–

(14)

Extension of Compliance Yes.

§63.6(i)(15) No [Reserved].

§63.6(i)(16) Yes.

§63.6(j) Exemption from Compliance Yes.

§63.7(a)–(h) Performance Test 

RequirementsApplicability and Dates

Yes Except §63.1511 

establishes dates 

for initial 

performance tests.

§63.7(b) Notification Yes.

§63.7(c) Quality Assurance/Test 

Plan

Yes.

§63.7(d) Testing Facilities Yes.

§63.7(e) Conduct of Tests Yes.

§63.7(e)(1) Conduct of Tests No. See 63.1511(a).

§63.7(e)(2) Conduct of Tests Yes.

§63.7(f) Alternative Test Method Yes.

§63.7(g) Data Analysis Yes.

§63.7(h) Waiver of Tests Yes.

§63.8(a)(1) Monitoring Requirements—

Applicability

Yes.

§63.8(a)(2) Yes.

§63.8(a)(3) No [Reserved]

§63.8(a)(4) Yes

§63.8(b) Conduct of Monitoring Yes.

§63.8(c)(1)– CMS Operation and Yes.
(3) Maintenance

63.8(c)(1)(i) No See 63.1506(a)(5) for 

general duty 

requirement.

63.8(c)(1)(ii

)

Yes.

§63.8(c)(1)(i

ii)

CMS Operation and 

Maintenance

NO.

§63.8(c)(4)–

(8)

Yes.

§63.8(d)(3) Quality Control Yes.Except 

for last 

sentence 

which 

refers to 

an SSM 

plan. SSM 

plans are 

no 

require.

§63.8(e) CMS Performance

Evaluation

Yes.

§63.8(f)(1)–

(5)

Alternative Monitoring 

Method

No §63.1510(w) includes 

provisions for 

monitoring 

alternatives.

§63.8(f)(6) Alternative to RATA Test Yes.

§63.8(g)(1) Data Reduction Yes.

§63.8(g)(2) No §63.1512 requires 

five 6-minute 

averages for an 

aluminum scrap 

shredder.

§63.8(g)(3)–

(5)

Yes.

§63.9(a) Notification 

Requirements—

Yes.
Applicability

§63.9(b) Initial Notifications Yes.

§63.9(c) Request for Compliance 

Extension

Yes.

§63.9(d) New Source Notification 

for Special Compliance 

Requirements

Yes.

63.9(e) Notification of 

Performance Test

Yes.

§63.9(f) Notification of 

VE/Opacity Test

Yes.

§63.9(g) Additional CMS 

Notifications

Yes.

§63.9(h)(1)–

(3)

Notification of 

Compliance Status

Yes Except §63.1515 

establishes dates 

for notification of 

compliance status 

reports.

§63.9(h)(4) No [Reserved].

§63.9(h)(5)–

(6)

Yes.

§63.9(i) Adjustment of Deadlines Yes.

§63.9(j) Change in Previous 

Information

Yes.

§63.10(a) Recordkeeping/Reporting—

Applicability

Yes.

§63.10(b) General Requirements Yes §63.1517 includes 

additional 

requirements.

§63.10(b)(1) General Requirements Yes See 63.1517 includes 

additional 

requirements

§63.10(b)(2)(

i), (ii), 

(iv) and (v)

General Requirements No See 63.1517(b)(18)

for recordkeeping of 

occurrence and 

duration of 

malfunctions and 
recordkeeping of 

actions taken during 

malfunction

§63.10(b)(2)(

iii) and (vi) 

to (ix)

General Requirements Yes See 63.1517 includes 

additional 

requirements

§63.10(c)(1) Additional CMS 

Recordkeeping

Yes.

§63.10(c)(2)

–(4)

No [Reserved].

§63.10(c)(5) Yes.

§63.10(c)(6) Yes.

§63.10(c)(7)

–(8)

Yes.

§63.10(c)(9) No [Reserved].

§63.10(c)(10)

-(11)

No. See 63.1517(b)(18)

for recordkeeping of 

malfunctions.

§63.10(c)(14

)

Yes.

§63.10(c)(15) General Requirements No

§63.10(d)(1) General Reporting 

Requirements

Yes.

§63.10(d)(2) Performance Test Results Yes.

§63.10(d)(3) Opacity or VE 

Observations

Yes.

§63.10(d)(4)

–(5)

Progress Reports/Startup, 

Shutdown, and Malfunction 

Reports

YesNo.

§63.10(e)(1)

–(2)

Additional CMS Reports Yes.

§63.10(e)(3) Excess Emissions/CMS 

Performance Reports

Yes Reporting deadline 

given in §63.1516.

§63.10(e)(4) COMS Data Reports Yes.
§63.10(f) Recordkeeping/Reporting 

Waiver

Yes.

§63.11(a)–

(b)

Control Device 

Requirements

No Flares not 

applicable.

§63.12(a)–

(c)

State Authority and 

Delegations

Yes. EPA retains 

authority for 

applicability 

determinations.

§63.13 Addresses Yes.

§63.14 Incorporation by 

Reference

Yes Chapters 3 and 5 of 

ACGIH Industrial 

Ventilation Manual 

for 

capture/collection 

systems; and Interim 

Procedures for 

Estimating Risk 

Associated with 

Exposure to Mixtures 

of Chlorinated 

Dibenzofurans (CDDs 

and CDFs) and 1989 

Update (incorporated 

by reference in 

§63.1502).

§63.15 Availability of 

Information/Confidentiali

ty

Yes.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 59793, Sept. 

24, 2002; 67 FR 79818, Dec. 30, 2002; 69 FR 53986, Sept. 3, 

2004; 70 FR 75346, Dec. 19, 2005]