42066 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 161 / Monday, August 20, 2018 / Proposed Rules 

VI. Statutory and Executive Order 

Reviews 

Under the Clean Air Act, the 

Administrator is required to approve a 

SIP submission that complies with the 

provisions of the Act and applicable 

Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 

40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in reviewing SIP 

submissions, EPA’s role is to approve 

state choices, provided that they meet 

the criteria of the Clean Air Act. 

Accordingly, this action merely 

approves state law as meeting Federal 

requirements and does not impose 

additional requirements beyond those 

imposed by state law. For that reason, 

this action: 

• Is not a significant regulatory action 

subject to review by the Office of 

Management and Budget under 

Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735, 

October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, 

January 21, 2011); 

• Does not impose an information 

collection burden under the provisions 

of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 

U.S.C. 3501 et seq.); 

• Is certified as not having a 

significant economic impact on a 

substantial number of small entities 

under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 

U.S.C. 601 et seq.); 

• Does not contain any unfunded 

mandate or significantly or uniquely 

affect small governments, as described 

in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 

of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4); 

• Does not have Federalism 

implications as specified in Executive 

Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 

1999); 

• Is not an economically significant 

regulatory action based on health or 

safety risks subject to Executive Order 

13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997); 

• Is not a significant regulatory action 

subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 

28355, May 22, 2001); 

• Is not subject to requirements of 

section 12(d) of the National 

Technology Transfer and Advancement 

Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because 

application of those requirements would 

be inconsistent with the Clean Air Act; 

and 

• Does not provide EPA with the 

discretionary authority to address, as 

appropriate, disproportionate human 

health or environmental effects, using 

practicable and legally permissible 

methods, under Executive Order 12898 

(59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994). 

• In addition, the SIP is not approved 

to apply on any Indian reservation land 

or in any other area where EPA or an 

Indian tribe has demonstrated that a 

tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of 

Indian country, the rule does not have 

tribal implications and will not impose 

substantial direct costs on tribal 

governments or preempt tribal law as 

specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 

FR 67249, November 9, 2000). 

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 

Environmental protection, Air 

pollution control, Incorporation by 

reference, Intergovernmental relations, 

Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Reporting and 

recordkeeping requirements, Volatile 

organic compounds. 

Dated: August 8, 2018. 

Deborah Jordan, 

Acting Regional Administrator, Region IX. 

[FR Doc. 2018–17835 Filed 8–17–18; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

40 CFR Part 63 

[EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290; FRL–9982–43– 

OAR] 

RIN 2060–AT25 

National Emission Standards for 

Hazardous Air Pollutants for Clay 

Ceramics Manufacturing 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Proposed rule. 

SUMMARY: This action proposes 

amendments to the National Emission 

Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants 

(NESHAP) for Clay Ceramics 

Manufacturing. The proposed 

amendments are in response to a 

petition for reconsideration filed by 

industry stakeholders on the final rule 

promulgated on October 26, 2015, as 

well as our review of the 2015 rule with 

respect to other issues raised by 

stakeholders. This action proposes to 

revise the temperature monitoring 

methodology used to demonstrate 

continuous compliance with the dioxin/ 

furan (D/F) emissions limit of the final 

rule. In addition, we are proposing to 

address concerns raised by industry 

stakeholders regarding visible emissions 

(VE) monitoring of tunnel kiln stacks for 

continuous compliance with particulate 

matter (PM) and mercury (Hg) emission 

limitations. This action also proposes to 

amend the requirements for weekly 

visual inspections of system ductwork 

and control device equipment for water 

curtain spray booths. Lastly, this action 

proposes to amend the NESHAP to 

include provisions for emissions 

averaging and make technical 

corrections. 

DATES: 

Comments. Comments must be 

received on or before October 4, 2018. 

Public hearing. If anyone contacts us 

requesting a public hearing on or before 

August 27, 2018, we will hold a hearing. 

Additional information about the 

hearing, if requested, will be published 

in a subsequent Federal Register 

document and posted at https://

www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-airpollution/brick-and-structural-clayproducts-national-emission-standards. 

See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for 

information on registering and attending 

a public hearing. 

ADDRESSES: 

Comments. Submit your comments, 

identified by Docket ID No. EPA–HQ– 

OAR–2013–0290, at https://

www.regulations.gov. Follow the online 

instructions for submitting comments. 

Once submitted, comments cannot be 

edited or removed from Regulations.gov. 

See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for 

detail about how the EPA treats 

submitted comments. Regulations.gov is 

our preferred method of receiving 

comments. However, the following 

other submission methods are also 

accepted: 

• Email: a-and-r-docket@epa.gov. 

Include Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR– 

2013–0290 in the subject line of the 

message. 

• Fax: (202) 566–9744. Attention 

Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 

0290. 

• Mail: To ship or send mail via the 

United States Postal Service, use the 

following address: U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency, EPA Docket Center, 

Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 

0290, Mail Code 28221T, 1200 

Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, 

DC 20460. 

• Hand/Courier Delivery: Use the 

following Docket Center address if you 

are using express mail, commercial 

delivery, hand delivery, or courier: EPA 

Docket Center, EPA WJC West Building, 

Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Avenue 

NW, Washington, DC 20004. Delivery 

verification signatures will be available 

only during regular business hours. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For 

questions about this proposed action, 

contact Mr. Brian Storey, Sector Policies 

and Programs Division (D243–03), 

Office of Air Quality Planning and 

Standards, U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency, Research Triangle 

Park, North Carolina 27711; telephone 

number: (919) 541–1103; fax number: 

(919) 541–4991; and email address: 

storey.brian@epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Public hearing. Please contact Ms. 

Aimee St. Clair at (919) 541–1063 or by 


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email at stclair.aimee@epa.gov to 

request a public hearing, to register to 

speak at the public hearing, or to inquire 

as to whether a public hearing will be 

held. 

Docket. The EPA has established a 

docket for this rulemaking under Docket 

ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290. All 

documents in the docket are listed in 

Regulations.gov. Although listed, some 

information is not publicly available, 

e.g., confidential business information 

(CBI) or other information whose 

disclosure is restricted by statute. 

Certain other material, such as 

copyrighted material, is not placed on 

the internet and will be publicly 

available only in hard copy. Publicly 

available docket materials are available 

either electronically in Regulations.gov 

or in hard copy at the EPA Docket 

Center, Room 3334, EPA WJC West 

Building, 1301 Constitution Avenue 

NW, Washington, DC. The Public 

Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 

4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, 

excluding legal holidays. The telephone 

number for the Public Reading Room is 

(202) 566–1744, and the telephone 

number for the EPA Docket Center is 

(202) 566–1742. 

Instructions. Direct your comments to 

Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 

0290. The EPA’s policy is that all 

comments received will be included in 

the public docket without change and 

may be made available online at https:// 

www.regulations.gov, including any 

personal information provided, unless 

the comment includes information 

claimed to be CBI or other information 

whose disclosure is restricted by statute. 

Do not submit information that you 

consider to be CBI or otherwise 

protected through https://

www.regulations.gov or email. This type 

of information should be submitted by 

mail as discussed below. 

The EPA may publish any comment 

received to its public docket. 

Multimedia submissions (audio, video, 

etc.) must be accompanied by a written 

comment. The written comment is 

considered the official comment and 

should include discussion of all points 

you wish to make. The EPA will 

generally not consider comments or 

comment contents located outside of the 

primary submission (i.e., on the Web, 

cloud, or other file sharing system). For 

additional submission methods, the full 

EPA public comment policy, 

information about CBI or multimedia 

submissions, and general guidance on 

making effective comments, please visit 

https://www2.epa.gov/dockets/ 

commenting-epa-dockets. 

The https://www.regulations.gov 

website allows you to submit your 

comment anonymously, which means 

the EPA will not know your identity or 

contact information unless you provide 

it in the body of your comment. If you 

send an email comment directly to the 

EPA without going through https://

www.regulations.gov, your email 

address will be automatically captured 

and included as part of the comment 

that is placed in the public docket and 

made available on the internet. If you 

submit an electronic comment, the EPA 

recommends that you include your 

name and other contact information in 

the body of your comment and with any 

digital storage media you submit. If the 

EPA cannot read your comment due to 

technical difficulties and cannot contact 

you for clarification, the EPA may not 

be able to consider your comment. 

Electronic files should not include 

special characters or any form of 

encryption and be free of any defects or 

viruses. For additional information 

about the EPA’s public docket, visit the 

EPA Docket Center homepage at https:// 

www.epa.gov/dockets. 

Submitting CBI. Do not submit 

information containing CBI to the EPA 

through https://www.regulations.gov or 

email. Clearly mark the part or all of the 

information that you claim to be CBI. 

For CBI information on any digital 

storage media that you mail to the EPA, 

mark the outside of the digital storage 

media as CBI and then identify 

electronically within the digital storage 

media the specific information that is 

claimed as CBI. In addition to one 

complete version of the comments that 

includes information claimed as CBI, 

you must submit a copy of the 

comments that does not contain the 

information claimed as CBI directly to 

the public docket through the 

procedures outlined in Instructions 

above. If you submit any digital storage 

media that does not contain CBI, mark 

the outside of the digital storage media 

clearly that it does not contain CBI. 

Information not marked as CBI will be 

included in the public docket and the 

EPA’s electronic public docket without 

prior notice. Information marked as CBI 

will not be disclosed except in 

accordance with procedures set forth in 

40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 

part 2. Send or deliver information 

identified as CBI only to the following 

address: OAQPS Document Control 

Officer (C404–02), OAQPS, U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency, 

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 

27711, Attention Docket ID No. EPA– 

HQ–OAR–2013–0290. 

Preamble Acronyms and 

Abbreviations. We use multiple 

acronyms and terms in this preamble. 

While this list may not be exhaustive, to 

ease the reading of this preamble and for 

reference purposes, the EPA defines the 

following terms and acronyms here: 

BSCP Brick and Structural Clay Products 

CAA Clean Air Act 

CBI Confidential Business Information 

CFR Code of Federal Regulations 

D/F dioxins/furans 

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

HAP hazardous air pollutant(s) 

Hg mercury 

HON Hazardous Organic NESHAP 

lb pounds 

NAICS North American Industry 

Classification System 

NESHAP national emission standards for 

hazardous air pollutants 

NTTAA National Technology Transfer and 

Advancement Act 

OAQPS Office of Air Quality Planning and 

Standards 

OMB Office of Management and Budget 

PM particulate matter 

PRA Paperwork Reduction Act 

RFA Regulatory Flexibility Act 

UMRA Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 

VE visible emissions 

Organization of this document. The 

information in this preamble is 

organized as follows: 

I. General Information 

A. Does this action apply to me? 

B. Where can I get a copy of this document 

and other related information? 

II. Background 

A. What is the statutory authority for this 

action? 

B. What actions preceded these proposed 

amendments? 

III. Summary of the Proposed Amendments 

IV. Rationale for the Proposed Amendments 

A. Temperature Monitoring of Tunnel 

Kilns 

B. Visible Emissions Monitoring of Tunnel 

Kiln Exhaust 

C. Weekly Visual Inspections of Water 

Curtain Spray Booths 

D. Cooling Stacks 

E. Emissions Averaging 

F. Technical Corrections 

V. Summary of Cost, Environmental, and 

Economic Impacts 

VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews 

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory 

Planning and Review and Executive 

Order 13563: Improving Regulation and 

Regulatory Review 

B. Executive Order 13771: Reducing 

Regulations and Controlling Regulatory 

Costs 

C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) 

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) 

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 

(UMRA) 

F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism 

G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation 

and Coordination With Indian Tribal 

Governments 

H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of 

Children From Environmental Health 

Risks and Safety Risks 

I. Executive Order 13211: Actions 

Concerning Regulations That 

Significantly Affect Energy Supply, 

Distribution, or Use 


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J. National Technology Transfer and 

Advancement Act (NTTAA) 

K. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions 

To Address Environmental Justice in 

Minority Populations and Low-Income 

Populations 

I. General Information 

A. Does this action apply to me? 

Table 1 of this preamble lists the 

NESHAP and associated regulated 

industrial source categories that are the 

subject of this proposal. Table 1 is not 

intended to be exhaustive, but rather 

provides a guide for readers regarding 

the entities that this proposed action is 

likely to affect. The proposed 

amendments, once promulgated, will be 

directly applicable to the affected 

sources. Federal, state, local, and tribal 

government entities would not be 

affected by this proposed action. As 

defined in the Initial List of Categories 

of Sources Under Section 112(c)(1) of 

the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 

(see 57 FR 31576, July 16, 1992) and 

Documentation for Developing the 

Initial Source Category List (see EPA– 

450/3–91–030), the Clay Products 

Manufacturing source category, as 

originally listed, included any facility 

engaged in manufacturing of clay 

products such as brick, vitrified clay 

pipe, structural clay tile, and clay 

refractories. The Clay Products 

Manufacturing source category has since 

been replaced by the Brick and 

Structural Clay Products (BSCP) 

Manufacturing source category and the 

Clay Ceramics Manufacturing source 

category (see 67 FR 47894, July 22, 

2002). 

TABLE 1—NESHAP AND INDUSTRIAL SOURCE CATEGORIES AFFECTED BY THIS ACTION

Category NAICS code 1 Examples of potentially regulated entities 

Industry ..................................................... 327120 Ceramic wall and floor tile manufacturing facilities (Clay Ceramics Manufacturing 

NESHAP). 

327110 Vitreous plumbing fixtures (sanitaryware) manufacturing facilities (Clay Ceramics 

Manufacturing NESHAP). 

Federal government .................................. ........................ Not affected. 

State/local/tribal government .................... ........................ Not affected. 

1 North American Industry Classification System 

B. Where can I get a copy of this 

document and other related 

information? 

In addition to being available in the 

docket, an electronic copy of this action 

is available on the internet. Following 

signature by the EPA Administrator, the 

EPA will post a copy of this proposed 

action at https://www.epa.gov/ 

stationary-sources-air-pollution/brickand-structural-clay-products-nationalemission-standards. Following 

publication in the Federal Register, the 

EPA will post the Federal Register 

version of the proposal and key 

technical documents at this same 

website. 

A redline version of the regulatory 

language that incorporates the proposed 

changes in this action is available in the 

docket for this action (Docket ID No. 

EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290). 

II. Background 

A. What is the statutory authority for 

this action? 

The statutory authority for this action 

is provided by sections 112 and 

307(d)(7)(B) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) 

as amended (42 U.S.C. 7412 and 

7607(d)(7)(B)). 

B. What actions preceded these 

proposed amendments? 

The initial NESHAP for Clay Ceramics 

Manufacturing was published in the 

Federal Register on May 16, 2003 (68 

FR 26690), and codified at 40 CFR part 

63, subpart KKKKK, pursuant to section 

112 of the CAA. These standards were 

challenged and subsequently vacated by 

the United States Court of Appeals for 

the District of Columbia Circuit in 2007. 

See Sierra Club v. EPA, 479 F.3d 875, 

876 (D.C. Cir. 2007). Following the 2007 

vacatur of the 2003 rule, the EPA 

collected additional data and 

information to support new standards 

for the clay ceramics industry. This 

information is contained in the docket 

at https://www.regulations.gov (see 

Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 

0290). On December 18, 2014, the EPA 

proposed new NESHAP for Clay 

Ceramics Manufacturing (79 FR 75622). 

The EPA received additional data and 

comments during the public comment 

period. These data and comments were 

considered and analyzed and, where 

appropriate, revisions to the NESHAP 

were made. The NESHAP for Clay 

Ceramics Manufacturing was finalized 

on October 26, 2015 (80 FR 65470). 

On December 23, 2015, Kohler 

Company (Kohler) petitioned the EPA 

for reconsideration of the final rule for 

Clay Ceramics Manufacturing (Docket 

Item No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290– 

0316). In this action, we are proposing 

revisions to the Clay Ceramics 

Manufacturing NESHAP based on 

information provided by Kohler in their 

petition, information collected by the 

EPA subsequent to the reconsideration 

request, and information collected by 

the EPA subsequent to our 

reconsideration request response. The 

intent of these proposed amendments is 

to provide some flexibility to the clay 

ceramics manufacturing industry, while 

maintaining the emissions and 

operational standards of the NESHAP. 

III. Summary of the Proposed 

Amendments 

The EPA is proposing the following 

amendments to 40 CFR part 63, subpart 

KKKKK, in response to Kohler’s petition 

for reconsideration on the October 26, 

2016, final rule (80 FR 65470): 

• Revise the temperature monitoring 

methodology used to demonstrate 

continuous compliance with the D/F 

emissions limits from sanitaryware firstfire tunnel kilns. 

• Provide an alternative to the 

monitoring provisions for VE from 

tunnel kiln exhaust stacks. 

• Amend the requirements for weekly 

visual inspections of system ductwork 

and control device equipment for water 

curtain spray booths. 

• Define cooling stacks in the rule 

and differentiate cooling stacks from 

kiln exhaust stacks for compliance 

purposes. 

• Include provisions to allow 

emissions averaging for emissions from 

existing tunnel kilns and glaze spray 

booths and make associated revisions to 

the definition of affected source and 

recordkeeping and reporting 

requirements. 

The rationale for these proposed 

amendments is provided in section IV of 

this preamble. This action is limited to 

the specific issues raised in the petition 

for reconsideration, plus some minor 

technical corrections. There are no 

changes to emission limits in the 


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October 2015 final rule as a result of 

these proposed amendments. 

IV. Rationale for the Proposed 

Amendments 

A. Temperature Monitoring of Tunnel 

Kilns 

The December 18, 2014, action 

proposed to require continuous 

monitoring of kiln temperature as a 

performance parameter for 

demonstrating compliance with the D/F 

emission limitations. In their public 

comments, Kohler indicated that the 

proposed temperature limitation failed 

to account for the normal temperature 

variations that occur during operation of 

a kiln. The October 26, 2015, final rule 

changed the performance parameter 

from a minimum kiln temperature 

operating limit to a maximum stack 

temperature operating limit. In our 

response to Kohler’s December 23, 2015, 

petition for reconsideration, we 

indicated that we would grant 

reconsideration of the temperature 

monitoring requirement (Docket Item 

No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290–0319). 

Subsequently, the EPA reviewed new 

data provided by Kohler regarding 

annual kiln operating temperatures (see 

Docket Item No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 

0290–0340). The data indicate that there 

is variability in kiln operating 

temperatures based on kiln load and 

other factors. During production of 

sanitaryware products, the tunnel kiln 

operating temperature is used as the 

primary operating parameter to 

maximize quality assurance of the 

product (minimal defects), while 

minimizing fuel usage. In addition, 

there are periods, based on the number 

of products being run through the kiln 

(kiln load), and the variation of types of 

products included in each load, where 

the temperature set point must be 

adjusted to control the ‘‘heat work’’ 

through the kiln. Heat work is defined 

as the temperature and time factors that 

allow the sanitaryware body and glaze 

coatings to sinter, melt, flow, and fuse. 

The adsorption rate of the fired product 

(porosity) is determined by the heat 

work (see Docket Item No. EPA–HQ– 

OAR–2013–0290–0342). 

Based on this information gathered 

during our discussions with Kohler, we 

are proposing to amend the compliance 

demonstration requirements for 

sanitaryware first-fire tunnel kilns 

where no air pollution control devices 

are installed. In this scenario, we 

propose to require the affected sources 

to monitor kiln temperature during an 

initial D/F compliance test, consisting of 

three 4-hour test runs, for a total of 12 

hours. From this 12-hour block of time, 

consisting of 1-hour increments, the 

affected sources would calculate two 

values: (1) The standard deviation of the 

12 1-hour temperature measurements, 

and (2) 1 percent of the 12-hour block 

average. The affected sources would 

determine which of the two values 

would provide the greatest variability 

(i.e., the highest value) and would then 

add this value to the 12-hour block 

average measured during the 

compliance test. This value would 

become the maximum temperature at 

which the kiln would be allowed to 

operate during normal operations. We 

are setting a maximum operating limit 

because, due to variability, kiln 

operating temperatures at sanitaryware 

facilities sometimes fall below the value 

observed during the compliance test. 

Temperatures have also been found to 

fall in the duct. 

Under this scenario, the affected 

sources would be required to monitor 

12-hour averages of their kiln during 

normal operations and demonstrate 

compliance by comparing these 12-hour 

averages to the value calculated during 

the D/F compliance test. This should 

allow variability of the hourly 

temperature fluctuations as a 12-hour 

block average and, additionally, provide 

variability by having multiple options 

for calculating the kiln variability into 

the operating limit. 

In this proposed amendment to the 

rule, owners or operators would be 

required to maintain records of 

performance tests and continuous 

compliance data as is required in the 

October 2015 final rule and would be 

required to comply with the 

corresponding reporting requirements of 

the October 2015 final rule. 

Accordingly, in this action, the EPA is 

proposing to amend Table 2 to 40 CFR 

part 63, subpart KKKKK, to include the 

revised operating limit, amend Table 4 

to specify the requirements for 

establishing the operating limit during 

the D/F compliance test, and amend 

Tables 6 and 7 to specify the associated 

initial and continuous compliance 

requirements, respectively. These 

amendments to the rule only apply to 

sanitaryware first-fire tunnel kilns. The 

D/F compliance requirements of all 

other emission sources regulated by the 

rule remain unchanged. 

We are also requesting comment on 

whether to consider an alternative 

temperature monitoring requirement. 

Similar to the previous scenario, the 

affected sources would monitor kiln 

temperature during the initial D/F 

compliance test, calculate both the 

standard deviation of the 12 1-hour 

temperature measurements and 1 

percent of the 12-hour block average, 

and decide which of the two values 

would provide the greatest variability 

(i.e., the highest value). However, this 

second scenario has the affected sources 

subtract this value from the 12-hour 

block average measured during the 

compliance test to determine the 

minimum temperature at which the kiln 

would be allowed to operate during 

normal operations. Similar to the 

previous scenario, this alternative 

would require the affected sources to 

monitor 12-hour averages of their kiln 

during normal operations and 

demonstrate compliance by comparing 

these 12-hour averages to the value 

calculated during the D/F compliance 

test. 

The proposed amendments do not 

change the requirement for affected 

facilities operating sanitaryware firstfire tunnel kilns to demonstrate 

compliance with the D/F emission limit 

through repeat 5-year stack testing. The 

proposed amendments to the rule 

provide affected facilities without air 

pollution control devices with a revised 

means to demonstrate continuous 

compliance at all times, including those 

times where facilities must adjust kiln 

temperatures to control the heat work 

through the kiln. If an affected facility 

determines through continuous kiln 

temperature monitoring that they cannot 

demonstrate compliance using the 

method proposed, they would be 

required to maintain kiln temperatures 

that demonstrate compliance until such 

time that additional stack testing could 

be performed and a new temperature 

threshold determined. 

B. Visible Emissions Monitoring of 

Tunnel Kiln Exhaust 

In its petition for reconsideration, 

Kohler explained the basis for its 

position that VE monitoring is not a 

useful parameter to assess kiln 

operations. In addition, Kohler 

explained that process errors that would 

potentially lead to an increase in VE 

from a kiln would more readily be 

identified through one of multiple 

parameters monitored continuously by 

the kiln operator. In our response to this 

request, we indicated that, although we 

were denying the reconsideration 

request on this issue, we would evaluate 

any additional information provided by 

Kohler and determine whether any 

further action would be warranted (see 

Docket Item No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 

0290–0319). 

In a subsequent meeting, the EPA and 

Kohler discussed alternatives to the VE 

testing requirement in the final rule. 

The information provided by Kohler 

(see Docket Item No. EPA–HQ–OAR– 

2013–0290–0339) supports the 


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conclusion that monitoring kiln 

temperature is a more accurate and 

sensitive parameter in determining 

times when the PM emissions may be 

increased, rather than periodically 

monitoring VE from the kiln stack. As 

a result, the EPA is proposing to include 

an alternative that would require the 

source to first take the necessary steps 

to maintain the temperature profile of 

each tunnel kiln. For any incidence 

where a kiln exceeds its normal 

operating temperature profile, the 

source would then be required to 

perform VE observations at the stack of 

the affected kiln according to the 

procedures of EPA Method 22. 

Accordingly, in this action, the EPA is 

proposing to amend 40 CFR 63.8620(e) 

to include revised procedures for 

demonstrating continuous compliance 

to include the requirement for facilities 

to maintain normal kiln temperature, 

and only perform VE observations when 

the kiln temperatures are sporadic or 

out of the normal range of operation. 

Additionally, the EPA is proposing to 

amend Tables 2 and 7 to 40 CFR part 63, 

subpart KKKKK, to specify the operating 

limits and continuous compliance 

requirements, respectively. 

C. Weekly Visual Inspections of Water 

Curtain Spray Booths 

Regarding the issue of visual 

inspections for system ductwork and 

control device equipment for water 

curtain spray booths, Kohler and the 

EPA have discussed the weekly 

inspection requirement. Kohler 

representatives explained that current 

maintenance procedures eliminate the 

need for the weekly inspections. 

Kohler’s operators routinely conduct 

preventative maintenance on the water 

curtain control, such as regular periodic 

fan maintenance, as well as a weekly 

wash-out. They also explained how 

their current procedures ensure that 

they become aware in a relatively short 

period of time if there is an issue with 

the water curtain or the ductwork, as 

they can see if particulates or other 

impurities are getting into the glaze that 

has been sprayed onto a piece of ware. 

If this were to occur, the operator would 

stop the glazing operations to fix the 

issue. Kohler provided the EPA 

additional information about the 

quarterly preventative maintenance that 

they conduct, available in Docket Item 

No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290–0331. 

Kohler also indicated that ductwork 

inspections do not have any value, since 

the water is the control, and, therefore, 

any air in the ductwork is already 

controlled (see Docket Item No. EPA– 

HQ–OAR–2013–0290–0336). 

During several visits to the Kohler 

facility in Spartanburg, South Carolina 

(see Docket Item Nos. EPA–HQ–OAR– 

2013–0290–0005, 0331, and 0341), the 

EPA observed the configuration of a 

typical spray booth, and the ductwork 

associated with the booth. From the 

observations, it was apparent that the 

booth operator would indeed be able to 

see if particulates or other impurities 

were getting into the glaze that has been 

sprayed onto a piece of ware, and that 

the requirement for weekly inspections 

would not be required based on the 

configuration of the booth. 

Based on its evaluation of the 

additional data, and after observing the 

water curtain spray booth operations at 

the Kohler facility in Spartanburg, 

South Carolina, the EPA is proposing to 

remove the weekly visual inspection 

requirement from the rule but retain the 

other two monitoring requirements 

(daily inspections to verify the presence 

of water flow to the wet control system 

and annual inspections of the interior of 

the control equipment). Accordingly, in 

this action, the EPA is proposing to 

amend Table 2 to 40 CFR part 63, 

subpart KKKKK, to remove the weekly 

visual inspections part of the operating 

limit for glaze spray operations 

equipped with a water curtain and 

amend Table 7 to remove the associated 

continuous compliance requirement. 

D. Cooling Stacks 

In its response to Kohler’s petition 

that cooling stacks to be tested at 

sanitaryware manufacturing facilities 

should be limited to those with an 

oxygen content at or below 20.4 percent, 

the EPA noted that the value of 20.5 

percent that the EPA finalized was 

based on the 20.5 percent threshold 

concentration provided by Kohler in an 

email to the EPA clarifying its testing 

proposal, and this email was present in 

the docket at proposal (see Docket Item 

No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290–0119). 

At the time, the EPA concluded that a 

reconsideration on this issue was not 

warranted pursuant to CAA section 

307(d)(7)(B) and denied the 

reconsideration petition on this issue. 

Notwithstanding this denial, the EPA 

stated that it would evaluate any 

additional information provided by the 

petitioner and determine whether any 

further action is warranted (see Docket 

Item No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290– 

0319). 

In a subsequent meeting, Kohler and 

the EPA discussed Kohler’s request to 

revise this aspect of the rule and options 

for any such revision, which included 

changing the oxygen content in the Clay 

Ceramics Manufacturing NESHAP from 

20.5 percent to 20.4 percent or adding 

a definition for ‘‘cooling stack’’ that 

would exclude it from applicability (see 

Docket Item No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 

0290–0331). As a result of this and later 

contacts (see Docket Item Nos. EPA– 

HQ–OAR–2013–0290–0335 through 

0338), the EPA has a better 

understanding of the purpose and 

operations of the cooling stacks. Based 

on this additional knowledge, the EPA 

is proposing to revise 40 CFR 63.8595(c) 

to specifically exclude cooling stacks 

from stack testing at sanitaryware 

manufacturing facilities, revise 40 CFR 

63.8665 to include a definition for 

‘‘cooling stack’’ and, for additional 

clarity, include a definition for 

‘‘products of combustion (POC) stack,’’ 

which is the type of stack that would be 

tested. 

E. Emissions Averaging 

In its petition for reconsideration, 

Kohler requested that the EPA allow the 

use of emissions averaging as a 

compliance option in the Clay Ceramics 

Manufacturing NESHAP for existing 

tunnel kilns and glaze spray booths. 

Initially, in the December 18, 2014, 

proposed rule (79 FR 75649), the EPA 

had requested public comment on the 

use of emissions averaging in the BSCP 

Manufacturing NESHAP. In that 2014 

proposal, we also noted that emissions 

averaging would not be applicable to 

new sources and could only be used 

between existing tunnel kilns in the 

same size subcategory (79 FR 75649). In 

this action, we are proposing 

amendments to 40 CFR 63.8595 in the 

Clay Ceramics Manufacturing NESHAP 

that would include alternative 

emissions averaging limits for the 

following: 

• PM and Hg, in units of pounds per 

ton (lb/ton) of fired product for existing 

floor tile roller kilns; 

• PM and Hg, in units of lb/ton of 

fired product for existing wall tile roller 

kilns; 

• PM and Hg, in units of lb/ton of 

greenware fired for existing first-fired 

sanitaryware tunnel kilns; 

• PM and Hg, in units of lb/ton of 

first-fired glaze sprayed (dry weight 

basis) for existing tile glaze lines with 

glaze spraying; and 

• PM, in units of lb/ton of first-fire 

glaze sprayed (dry weight basis), for 

existing sanitaryware manual, spray 

machine, or robot glaze applications. 

As stated in the December 18, 2014, 

proposed rule, the EPA has concluded 

that it is permissible under the 

appropriate circumstances to establish 

within a NESHAP a unified compliance 

regimen that permits averaging within 

an affected source across individual 

affected units subject to the standard 


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under certain conditions (79 FR 75650). 

In addition, averaging across affected 

units is permitted only if it can be 

demonstrated that the total quantity of 

any hazardous air pollutant (HAP) will 

not be greater under the averaging 

mechanism than it could be if each 

individual affected unit complied 

separately with the applicable standard. 

The conditions required for emissions 

averaging include: (1) No averaging 

between different types of pollutants; (2) 

no averaging between sources that are 

not part of the same affected source; (3) 

no averaging between individual 

sources within a single major source if 

the individual sources are not subject to 

the same NESHAP; and (4) no averaging 

between existing sources and new 

sources. 

In this action, we are proposing that 

emissions averaging would be allowed if 

they meet the following requirements. 

First, emissions averaging would only 

be permitted between individual 

sources at a single existing affected 

source and would only be permitted 

between individual sources subject to 

the Clay Ceramics Manufacturing 

NESHAP. Further, emissions averaging 

would not be permitted between two or 

more different affected sources or 

between two or more sources in 

different subcategories. Finally, new 

sources could not use emissions 

averaging. In addition, we are proposing 

that any emissions averaging alternative 

would require each facility that intends 

to use emissions averaging to submit an 

emissions averaging plan, which will 

provide additional assurance that the 

necessary criteria will be followed. In 

such an emissions averaging plan, the 

facility would include the identification 

of: (1) All units in the averaging group, 

(2) the control technology installed, (3) 

the process parameter that will be 

monitored, (4) the specific control 

technology or pollution prevention 

measure to be used, (5) the test plan for 

the measurement of the HAP being 

averaged, and (6) the operating 

parameters to be monitored for each 

control device. 

Under the proposed emissions 

averaging provision, the emissions for 

each unit in the averaging group would 

be capped at the emission level being 

achieved on the effective date of the 

final rule. The caps ensure that 

emissions do not increase above the 

emission levels that sources currently 

are designed, operated, and maintained 

to achieve. In the absence of 

performance tests, in documenting these 

caps, the affected sources would 

document the type, design, and 

operating specification of control 

devices installed on the effective date of 

the final rule to ensure that existing 

controls are not removed or operated 

less efficiently. The proposed emissions 

averaging provision would not apply to 

individual units if the unit shares a 

common stack with units in other 

subcategories, because, in that 

circumstance, it is not possible to 

distinguish the emissions from each 

individual unit. 

For those cases where the emissions 

averaging provisions are used, the EPA 

is proposing to add a definition for 

‘‘emissions averaging sources’’ in 40 

CFR 63.8665 that includes those 

existing sources included in the 

emissions average. The EPA is also 

proposing to amend Table 1 to 40 CFR 

part 63, subpart KKKKK, to include the 

applicable emission limits determined 

under the emissions averaging 

provisions. In addition, the EPA is 

proposing to revise the reporting and 

recordkeeping provisions in 40 CFR 

63.8630, 63.8635, and 63.8640 to 

include the following requirements 

where the emissions averaging 

provisions are used: (1) Certifying in the 

notification of compliance status that 

the emissions level achieved or the 

control technology employed is no less 

stringent than the level or control 

technology contained in the 

notification; (2) reporting in the 

compliance report the emissions level 

that was being achieved or the control 

technology employed on the effective 

date of the rule; and (3) keeping a copy 

of the emissions averaging 

implementation plan, all required 

calculations, including monthly records 

of process rate, as applicable, and 

monitoring records. 

The emissions averaging provisions 

that we are proposing are based in part 

on the emissions averaging provisions 

in the Hazardous Organic NESHAP 

(HON). The legal basis and rationale for 

the HON emissions averaging provisions 

were provided in the preamble to the 

final HON (59 FR 19425, April 22, 

1994). 

F. Technical Corrections 

Technical corrections are being 

proposed to correct inaccuracies that 

were promulgated in the final rule, 

replace text that might be considered 

confusing, and correct outdated 

information. We are soliciting comment 

only on whether the proposed changes 

provide the intended accuracy, clarity, 

and consistency. These proposed 

changes are described in Table 2 of this 

preamble and shown in the proposed 

regulatory text below. We request 

comment on all of these proposed 

changes. 

TABLE 2—PROPOSED TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS TO 40 CFR PART 63, SUBPART KKKKK 

Table to subpart KKKKK Description of proposed correction 

40 CFR 63.8635(g)(1) .............................................................................. Update the addresses for EPA websites. 

Table 2, item 3 ......................................................................................... To avoid confusion, revise the description of the operating limit for carbon flow rate. 

Table 2, items 10 and 11 ......................................................................... Revise the block period for average operating temperature for spray 

dryers and floor tile press dryers from 3-hour to 4-hour to align with 

the test run length for EPA Method 23. 

Table 4, item 8 ......................................................................................... In the measurement of carbon flow rate date, include data from the Hg 

and D/F performance test data for tunnel or roller kilns equipped with 

an activated carbon injection system. 

Table 4, items 11 and 12 ......................................................................... Revise the block average for operating temperature for spray dryers 

and floor tile press dryers from 3-hour to 4-hour to align with the test 

run length for EPA Method 23. 

Table 6, items 2.a.ii, 2.b.ii, 2.c.ii, 3.a.ii, 3.b.ii, 3.c.ii, 4.a.ii, 4.b.ii, 4.c.ii, 

5.a.ii, 5.b.ii, 6.a.ii, 7.a.ii, 8.a.ii, 9.a.ii, 10.a.ii, 11.a.ii, 12.a.ii, 12.b.ii, 

12.c.ii, 13.a.ii, 13.b.ii, 13.c.ii, 14.a.ii, 14.b.ii, 14.c.ii, 15.a.ii, 15.b.ii, 

16.a.ii, 17.a.ii, 18.a.ii, 19.a.ii, 20.a.ii, and 21.a.ii.

To avoid confusion, remove mention of the specific block period and 

simply refer to ‘‘the period of the initial performance test.’’ 

Table 7, items 10 and 11 ......................................................................... Revise the block average for operating temperature for spray dryers 

and floor tile press dryers from 3-hour to 4-hour to align with the test 

run length for EPA Method 23. 


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V. Summary of Cost, Environmental, 

and Economic Impacts 

This action will have no cost, 

environmental, energy, or economic 

impacts beyond those impacts presented 

in the October 26, 2015, final rule for 

Clay Ceramics Manufacturing and may 

result in a cost savings due to the 

changes in monitoring and testing 

requirements discussed in the previous 

section. The technical corrections are 

cost neutral. 

VI. Statutory and Executive Order 

Reviews 

Additional information about these 

statutes and Executive Orders can be 

found at https://www.epa.gov/lawsregulations/laws-and-executive-orders. 

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory 

Planning and Review and Executive 

Order 13563: Improving Regulation and 

Regulatory Review 

This action is not a significant 

regulatory action and was, therefore, not 

submitted to the Office of Management 

and Budget (OMB) for review. 

B. Executive Order 13771: Reducing 

Regulations and Controlling Regulatory 

Costs 

This action is considered an 

Executive Order 13771 deregulatory 

action. The proposed rule is expected to 

provide meaningful burden reduction 

by deregulating aspects of the 

sanitaryware manufacturing process, but 

do not result in changes in costs to 

comply. 

C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) 

This action does not impose any new 

information collection burden under the 

PRA. Burden is defined at 5 CFR 

1320.3(b). OMB has previously 

approved the information collection 

activities contained in the existing 

regulation (40 CFR part 63, subpart 

KKKKK) and has assigned OMB control 

number 2060–0513. This action does 

not change the information collection 

requirements. 

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) 

I certify that this action will not have 

a significant economic impact on a 

substantial number of small entities 

under the RFA. In making this 

determination, the impact of concern is 

any significant adverse economic 

impact on small entities. An agency may 

certify that a rule will not have a 

significant economic impact on a 

substantial number of small entities if 

the rule relieves regulatory burden, has 

no net burden, or otherwise has a 

positive economic effect on the small 

entities subject to the rule. This 

proposed rule will not impose any 

additional requirements on small 

entities, only alternatives to existing 

requirements. We have, therefore, 

concluded that this action will have no 

net regulatory burden for all directly 

regulated small entities. 

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 

(UMRA) 

This action does not contain an 

unfunded mandate as described in 

UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531–1538, and does 

not significantly or uniquely affect small 

governments. The action imposes no 

enforceable duty on any state, local, or 

tribal governments or the private sector. 

F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism 

This action does not have federalism 

implications. It will not have substantial 

direct effects on the states, on the 

relationship between the national 

government and the states, or on the 

distribution of power and 

responsibilities among the various 

levels of government. 

G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation 

and Coordination With Indian Tribal 

Governments 

This action does not have tribal 

implications as specified in Executive 

Order 13175. It will neither impose 

substantial direct compliance costs on 

federally recognized tribal governments, 

nor preempt tribal law. The proposed 

amendments impose no requirements 

on tribal governments. Thus, Executive 

Order 13175 does not apply to this 

action. 

H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of 

Children From Environmental Health 

Risks and Safety Risks 

The EPA interprets Executive Order 

13045 as applying only to those 

regulatory actions that concern 

environmental health or safety risks that 

the EPA has reason to believe may 

disproportionately affect children, per 

the definition of ‘‘covered regulatory 

action’’ in section 2–202 of the 

Executive Order. This action is not 

subject to Executive Order 13045 

because it does not concern an 

environmental health risk or safety risk. 

I. Executive Order 13211: Actions 

Concerning Regulations That 

Significantly Affect Energy Supply, 

Distribution, or Use 

This action is not subject to Executive 

Order 13211, because it is not a 

significant regulatory action under 

Executive Order 12866. 

J. National Technology Transfer and 

Advancement Act (NTTAA) 

This rulemaking does not involve 

technical standards. 

K. Executive Order 12898: Federal 

Actions To Address Environmental 

Justice in Minority Populations and 

Low-Income Populations 

The EPA believes that this action does 

not have disproportionately high and 

adverse human health or environmental 

effects on minority populations, lowincome populations, and/or indigenous 

peoples, as specified in Executive Order 

12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994). 

The documentation for this decision is 

contained in the docket (See ‘‘EJ 

Screening Report for Clay Ceramics,’’ 

Docket Item No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 

0290–0241). 

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 63 

Environmental protection, 

Administrative practices and 

procedures, Air pollution control, 

Hazardous substances, 

Intergovernmental relations, Reporting 

and recordkeeping requirements. 

Dated: August 8, 2018. 

Andrew R. Wheeler, 

Acting Administrator. 

For the reasons set out in the 

preamble, 40 CFR part 63 is proposed to 

be amended as follows: 

PART 63—NATIONAL EMISSION 

STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR 

POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE 

CATEGORIES 

■ 1. The authority citation for part 63 

continues to read as follows: 

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. 

Subpart KKKKK—[Amended] 

■ 2. Section 63.8595 is amended by: 

■ a. Revising paragraph (c); 

■ b. Redesignating paragraph (h) as 

paragraph (i); 

■ c. Adding a new paragraph (h); and 

■ d. Revising newly redesignated 

paragraphs (i) introductory text and 

(i)(1) introductory text. 

The revisions and addition read as 

follows: 

§ 63.8595 How do I conduct performance 

tests and establish operating limits? 

* * * * * 

(c) Each performance test must be 

conducted according to the 

requirements in § 63.7 and under the 

specific conditions in Table 4 to this 

subpart. Stacks to be tested at 

sanitaryware manufacturing facilities 

shall be limited to products of 


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combustion (POC) stacks and not 

include cooling stacks. 

* * * * * 

(h)(1) As an alternative to meeting the 

requirements of § 63.8555 for PM or 

mercury, if you have more than one 

existing source in any subcategories 

located at your facility, you may 

demonstrate compliance by emissions 

averaging, if your averaged emissions 

are not more than 90 percent of the 

applicable emission limit, according to 

the procedures in this section. You may 

not include new sources in an emissions 

average. 

(2) For a group of two or more existing 

sources in the same subcategory that 

each vent to a separate stack, you may 

average PM or mercury emissions 

among existing units to demonstrate 

compliance with the limits in Table 1 to 

this subpart as specified in paragraph 

(h)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section, if 

you satisfy the requirements in 

paragraphs (h)(3) and (4) of this section. 

(i) You may average across existing 

sources in the same kiln type and size 

category (e.g., roller or tunnel kilns, 

large or small kilns) and the same 

subcategory (e.g., sanitaryware manual 

or spray machine or robot glaze 

application) where applicable; 

(ii) You may not include a unit in the 

emissions average if the unit shares a 

common stack with units in other 

subcategories; 

(iii) You may not include spray dryers 

or press dryers in the emissions average; 

and 

(iv) You may not average between 

different types of pollutants. 

(3) The averaged emissions rate from 

the existing sources participating in the 

emissions averaging option must not 

exceed 90 percent of the limits in Table 

1 to this subpart at all times the affected 

units are subject to numeric emission 

limits following the compliance date 

specified in § 63.8545. 

(4)(i) You must demonstrate initial 

compliance using the maximum process 

rate and the results of the initial 

performance tests. 

(ii) You must use Equation 9 to 

demonstrate that the PM or mercury 

emissions from all existing units 

participating in the emissions averaging 

option for that pollutant do not exceed 

the emission limits in Table 1 to this 

subpart. 

Where: 

AveWeightedEmissions = Average weighted 

emissions for PM or mercury, in units of 

kilograms (pounds) per megagram (ton) 

of fired product for existing floor tile 

roller kilns and wall tile roller kilns, 

greenware fired for existing first-fired 

sanitaryware tunnel kilns, and first-fire 

glaze sprayed (dry weight basis) for 

existing tile glaze lines with glaze 

spraying and average weighted emissions 

for PM, in units of kilograms (pounds) 

per megagram (ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis) for existing 

sanitaryware manual, spray machine, or 

robot glaze applications 

Ei = Emission rate (as determined during the 

initial compliance demonstration) of PM 

or mercury from unit i, in units of 

kilograms (pounds) per megagram (ton). 

Determine the emission rate for PM or 

mercury by performance testing 

according to Table 4 to this subpart using 

the applicable equation in § 63.8595(f) 

Pmax i = Maximum process rate for unit i, in 

units of megagrams (tons) 

n = Number of units participating in the 

emissions averaging option 

1.1 = Required discount factor 

(5)(i) After the initial compliance 

demonstration described in paragraph 

(h)(4) of this section, you must 

demonstrate compliance on a monthly 

basis determined at the end of every 

month (12 times per year) according to 

paragraph (h)(5)(ii) of this section. The 

first monthly period begins on the 

compliance date specified in § 63.8545. 

(ii) For each calendar month, you 

must use Equation 10 of this section to 

calculate the average weighted emission 

rate for that month. 

Where: 

AveWeightedEmissions = Average weighted 

emissions for PM or mercury, in units of 

kilograms (pounds) per megagram (ton) 

of fired product for existing floor tile 

roller kilns and wall tile roller kilns, 

greenware fired for existing first-fired 

sanitaryware tunnel kilns, and first-fire 

glaze sprayed (dry weight basis) for 

existing tile glaze lines with glaze 

spraying and average weighted emissions 

for PM, in units of kilograms (pounds) 

per megagram (ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis) for existing 

sanitaryware manual, spray machine, or 

robot glaze applications, for that 

calendar month 

Ei = Emission rate (as determined during the 

most recent compliance demonstration) 

of PM or mercury from unit i, in units 

of kilograms (pounds) per megagram 

(ton). Determine the emission rate for PM 

or mercury by performance testing 

according to Table 4 to this subpart using 

the applicable equation in § 63.8595(f) 

Pmonth i = The process rate for that calendar 

month for unit i, in units of megagrams 

(tons) 

n = Number of units participating in the 

emissions averaging option 

1.1 = Required discount factor 

(6) Until 12 monthly weighted average 

emission rates have been accumulated, 

calculate and report only the average 

weighted emission rate determined 

under paragraph (h)(5)(ii) of this section 

for each calendar month. After 12 

monthly weighted average emission 

rates have been accumulated, for each 

subsequent calendar month, use 

Equation 11 to calculate the 12-month 

rolling average of the monthly weighted 

average emission rates for the current 

calendar month and the previous 11 

calendar months. 


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Where: 

Eavg = 12-month rolling average emission rate 

for PM or mercury, in units of kilograms 

(pounds) per megagram (ton) of fired 

product for existing floor tile roller kilns 

and wall tile roller kilns, greenware fired 

for existing first-fired sanitaryware 

tunnel kilns, and first-fire glaze sprayed 

(dry weight basis) for existing tile glaze 

lines with glaze spraying and average 

weighted emissions for PM, in units of 

kilograms (pounds) per megagram (ton) 

of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry weight 

basis) for existing sanitaryware manual, 

spray machine, or robot glaze 

applications 

ERi = Monthly weighted average, for calendar 

month ‘‘i,’’ in units of kilograms 

(pounds) per megagram (ton), as 

calculated by paragraph (h)(5)(ii) of this 

section 

(7) You must develop, and submit 

upon request to the applicable 

Administrator for review and approval, 

an implementation plan for emissions 

averaging according to the following 

procedures and requirements in 

paragraphs (h)(7)(i) through (iv) of this 

section. 

(i) If requested, you must submit the 

implementation plan no later than 180 

days before the date that the facility 

intends to demonstrate compliance 

using the emissions averaging option. 

(ii) You must include the information 

contained in paragraphs (h)(7)(ii)(A) 

through (D) of this section in your 

implementation plan for all emission 

sources included in an emissions 

average: 

(A) The identification of all existing 

sources in the averaging group, 

including for each either the applicable 

HAP emissions level or the control 

technology installed and the date on 

which you are requesting emissions 

averaging to commence; 

(B) The specific control technology or 

pollution prevention measure to be used 

for each source in the averaging group 

and the date of its installation or 

application. If the pollution prevention 

measure reduces or eliminates 

emissions from multiple sources, the 

owner or operator must identify each 

source; 

(C) The test plan for the measurement 

of emissions in accordance with the 

requirements in § 63.8595; 

(D) The operating parameters to be 

monitored for each control system or 

device consistent with § 63.8555 and 

Table 2 to this subpart, and a 

description of how the operating limits 

will be determined; 

(iii) If submitted upon request, the 

Administrator shall review and approve 

or disapprove the plan according to the 

following criteria: 

(A) Whether the content of the plan 

includes all of the information specified 

in paragraph (h)(7)(ii) of this section; 

and 

(B) Whether the plan presents 

sufficient information to determine that 

compliance will be achieved and 

maintained. 

(iv) The applicable Administrator 

shall not approve an emissions 

averaging implementation plan 

containing any of the following 

provisions: 

(A) Any averaging between emissions 

of differing pollutants or between 

differing sources; or 

(B) The inclusion of any emission 

source other than an existing unit in the 

same subcategories. 

(i) For each affected source that is 

subject to the emission limits specified 

in Table 1 to this subpart and is 

equipped with an APCD that is not 

addressed in Table 2 to this subpart or 

that is using process changes as a means 

of meeting the emission limits in Table 

1 to this subpart, you must meet the 

requirements in § 63.8(f) and paragraphs 

(i)(1) and (2) of this section. 

(1) Submit a request for approval of 

alternative monitoring procedures to the 

Administrator no later than the 

notification of intent to conduct a 

performance test. The request must 

contain the information specified in 

paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (iv) of this 

section. 

* * * * * 

■ 3. Section 63.8620 is amended by: 

■ a. Redesignating paragraphs (e)(1) 

through (3) as paragraphs (e)(1)(i) 

through (iii); 

■ b. Redesignating paragraph (e) 

introductory text as paragraph (e)(1) and 

revising it; and 

■ c. Adding new paragraph (e)(2) and 

paragraphs (f) and (g). 

The revision and additions read as 

follows: 

§ 63.8620 How do I demonstrate 

continuous compliance with the emission 

limitations and work practice standards? 

* * * * * 

(e)(1) VE testing. You must 

demonstrate continuous compliance 

with the operating limits in Table 2 to 

this subpart for visible emissions (VE) 

from tunnel or roller kilns that are 

uncontrolled or equipped with DIFF, 

DLS/FF, or other dry control device by 

monitoring VE at each kiln stack 

according to the requirements in 

paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (iii) of this 

section. 

* * * * * 

(2) Alternative to VE testing. You 

must demonstrate continuous 

compliance with the operating limits in 

Table 2 to this subpart for kiln 

temperature profile for tunnel or roller 

kilns that are uncontrolled or equipped 

with DIFF, DLS/FF, or other dry control 

device by maintaining the kiln 

temperature profile within acceptable 

parameters and, for any incidence 

where the kiln is out of control (i.e., 

exceeds its temperature profile), 

monitoring VE at each kiln stack 

according to the requirements in 

paragraphs (e)(2)(i) through (iii) of this 

section. 

(i) Perform VE observations at the 

stack of each out-of-control kiln 

according to the procedures of Method 

22 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7. 

The duration of each Method 22 test 

must be at least 15 minutes. 

(ii) If VE are observed during any test 

conducted using Method 22 of 40 CFR 

part 60, appendix A–7, you must 

promptly initiate and complete 

corrective actions according to your 

OM&M plan. 

(iii) If VE are observed during any test 

conducted using Method 22 of 40 CFR 

part 60, appendix A–7, you must report 

these deviations by following the 

requirements in § 63.8635. 

(f) Following the compliance date, 

you must demonstrate compliance with 

the emissions averaging provision under 

this subpart on a continuous basis by 

meeting the requirements of paragraphs 

(f)(1) and (2) of this section. 

(1) For each calendar month, 

demonstrate compliance with the 

average weighted emissions limit for the 

existing units participating in the 

emissions averaging option as 

determined in § 63.8595(h)(5) and (6). 

(2) For each existing unit participating 

in the emissions averaging option, you 

must comply with the continuous 

compliance requirements in Table 7 to 

this subpart. 

(g) Any instance where you fail to 

comply with the continuous monitoring 

requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) 

of this section is a deviation. 

■ 4. Section 63.8630 is amended by 

revising paragraph (c) introductory text 

and adding paragraph (c)(4) to read as 

follows: 

§ 63.8630 What notifications must I submit 

and when? 

* * * * * 

(c) If you are required to conduct a 

performance test or other initial 

compliance demonstration as specified 

in Tables 4 and 6 to this subpart, your 

Notification of Compliance Status as 

specified in Table 9 to this subpart must 

include the information in paragraphs 

(c)(1) through (4) of this section. 

* * * * * 

(4) Identification of whether you plan 

to demonstrate compliance by emissions 

averaging. If you plan to demonstrate 


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compliance by emissions averaging, 

report the emissions level that was 

being achieved or the control 

technology employed on December 28, 

2015. 

* * * * * 

■ 5. Section 63.8635 is amended by: 

■ a. Revising paragraph (c) introductory 

text; 

■ b. Revising paragraph (c)(4)(iii)(C); 

■ c. Adding paragraph (c)(9); and 

■ d. Revising paragraph (g)(1). 

The revisions and addition read as 

follows: 

§ 63.8635 What reports must I submit and 

when? 

* * * * * 

(c) The compliance report must 

contain the information in paragraphs 

(c)(1) through (9) of this section. 

* * * * * 

(4) * * * 

(iii) * * * 

(C) Based on the information recorded 

under paragraphs (c)(4)(iii)(A) and (B) of 

this section, compute the annual 

percent of affected source operating 

uptime during which the control device 

was offline for routine maintenance 

using Equation 12. 

Where: 

RM = Annual percentage of affected source 

uptime during which control device was 

offline for routine control device 

maintenance 

DTp = Control device downtime claimed 

under the routine control device 

maintenance alternative standard for the 

previous semiannual compliance period 

DTc = Control device downtime claimed 

under the routine control device 

maintenance alternative standard for the 

current semiannual compliance period 

SUp = Affected source uptime for the 

previous semiannual compliance period 

SUc = Affected source uptime for the current 

semiannual compliance period 

* * * * * 

(9) If you plan to demonstrate 

compliance by emissions averaging, 

certify the emissions level achieved or 

the control technology employed is no 

less stringent than the level or control 

technology contained in the notification 

of compliance status in § 63.8630(c)(4). 

* * * * * 

(g) * * * 

(1) For data collected using test 

methods supported by the EPA’s 

Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as 

listed on the EPA’s ERT website 

(https://www.epa.gov/electronicreporting-air-emissions/electronicreporting-tool-ert) at the time of the test, 

you must submit the results of the 

performance test to the EPA via the 

Compliance and Emissions Data 

Reporting Interface (CEDRI). The CEDRI 

database can be accessed through the 

EPA’s Central Data Exchange (CDX) 

(https://cdx.epa.gov/). Performance test 

data must be submitted in a file format 

generated through the use of the EPA’s 

ERT or an alternate electronic file 

format consistent with the extensible 

markup language (XML) schema listed 

on the EPA’s ERT website. If you claim 

that some of the performance test 

information being submitted is 

confidential business information (CBI), 

you must submit a complete file 

generated through the use of the EPA’s 

ERT or an alternate electronic file 

consistent with the XML schema listed 

on the EPA’s ERT website, including 

information claimed to be CBI, on a 

compact disc, flash drive, or other 

commonly used electronic storage 

media to the EPA. The electronic media 

must be clearly marked as CBI and 

mailed to U.S. EPA/OAQPS/CORE CBI 

Office, Attention: Group Leader, 

Measurement Policy Group, MD C404– 

02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 

27703. The same ERT or alternate file 

with the CBI omitted must be submitted 

to the EPA via the EPA’s CDX as 

described earlier in this paragraph. 

* * * * * 

■ 6. Section 63.8640 is amended by 

revising paragraph (c) introductory text 

and adding paragraph (c)(11) to read as 

follows: 

§ 63.8640 What records must I keep? 

* * * * * 

(c) You must also maintain the 

records listed in paragraphs (c)(1) 

through (11) of this section. 

* * * * * 

(11) If you elect to average emissions 

consistent with § 63.8595(h), you must 

additionally keep a copy of the 

emissions averaging implementation 

plan required in § 63.8595(h)(7), all 

calculations required under 

§ 63.8595(h), including monthly records 

of process rate, as applicable, and 

monitoring records consistent with 

§ 63.8620(f). 

■ 7. Section 63.8665 is amended by 

adding definitions for ‘‘cooling stack,’’ 

‘‘emissions averaging sources,’’ and 

‘‘products of combustion (POC) stack,’’ 

in alphabetical order to read as follows: 

§ 63.8665 What definitions apply to this 

subpart? 

* * * * * 

Cooling stack means a stack (release 

point) installed on the cooling zone of 

a tunnel kiln to release air used to cool 

down the fired product from its 

maximum temperature to room 

temperature. A cooling stack does not 

release any air from the firing zone of 

the tunnel kiln. 

* * * * * 

Emissions averaging sources means, 

for purposes of the emissions averaging 

provisions of § 63.8595(h), the 

collection of all existing ceramic tile 

roller kilns, sanitaryware tunnel kilns, 

ceramic tile glaze lines using glaze 

spraying, and sanitaryware glaze spray 

booths, within a kiln type and size 

category and within a subcategory. 

* * * * * 

Products of combustion (POC) stack 

means a stack (release point) installed 

on the front end of the firing zone of a 

tunnel kiln to release air used to heat 

the greenware from room temperature to 

its maximum temperature. 

* * * * * 

■ 8. Table 1 to subpart KKKKK is 

amended by adding the entries 22 and 

23 to read as follows: 

Table 1 to Subpart KKKKK of Part 63— 

Emission Limits 

As stated in § 63.8555, you must meet 

each emission limit in the following 

table that applies to you: 

For each . . . You must meet the following emission limits . . . 

*******

22. Collection of emissions averaging 

sources.

PM emissions must not exceed the applicable emission limit, under the emissions averaging option, as determined using 

Equations 9 through 11. 


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For each . . . You must meet the following emission limits . . . 

23. Collection of emissions averaging 

sources.

Hg emissions must not exceed the applicable emission limit, under the emissions averaging option, as determined using 

Equations 9 through 11. 

■ 9. Table 2 to subpart KKKKK is 

revised to read as follows: 

Table 2 to Subpart KKKKK of Part 63— 

Operating Limits 

As stated in § 63.8555, you must meet 

each operating limit in the following 

table that applies to you: 

For each . . . You must . . . Or you must . . . 

1. Tunnel or roller kiln 

equipped with a DIFF or 

DLS/FF.

a. If you use a bag leak detection system, initiate corrective action within 1 hour of a bag leak detection 

system alarm and complete corrective actions in accordance with your OM&M plan; operate and maintain the fabric filter such that the alarm is not engaged for more than 5 percent of the total operating time 

in a 6-month block reporting period; and 

b. Maintain free-flowing lime in the feed hopper or silo and to the APCD at all times for continuous injection 

systems; maintain the feeder setting (on a per ton of throughput basis) at or above the level established 

during the performance test for continuous injection systems in which compliance was demonstrated. 

i. Maintain no VE from the 

DIFF or DLS/FF stack; 

or 

ii. Maintain your kiln temperature profile. 

2. Tunnel or roller kiln 

equipped with a WS.

a. Maintain the average scrubber liquid pH for each 3-hour block period at or above the average scrubber 

liquid pH established during the HF/HCl performance test in which compliance was demonstrated; and 

b. Maintain the average scrubber liquid flow rate for each 3-hour block period at or above the highest average scrubber liquid flow rate established during the HF/HCl and PM performance tests in which compliance was demonstrated. 

3. Tunnel or roller kiln 

equipped with an ACI 

system.

Maintain the 3-hour block average carbon flow rate at or above the highest average carbon flow rate established during the Hg and dioxin/furan performance tests in which compliance was demonstrated. 

4. Tunnel or roller kiln intending to comply with 

dioxin/furan emission 

limit without an ACI system.

Maintain the average operating temperature for each 12-hour block period at or below the highest operating temperature established during the dioxin/furan performance test in which compliance was demonstrated. 

5. Tunnel or roller kiln with 

no add-on control.

a. Maintain no VE from the stack; and 

b. Maintain the kiln process rate at or below the kiln process rate determined according to § 63.8595(g)(1) 

if your total facility maximum potential HCl-equivalent emissions are greater than the HCl-equivalent limit 

in Table 1 to this subpart; and 

i. Maintain your kiln temperature profile. 

c. Maintain the average operating temperature for each 12-hour block period at or below the highest operating temperature established during the dioxin/furan performance test in which compliance was demonstrated. 

6. Glaze spray operation 

equipped with a FF.

a. If you use a bag leak detection system, initiate corrective action within 1 hour of a bag leak detection 

system alarm and complete corrective actions in accordance with your OM&M plan; operate and maintain the fabric filter such that the alarm is not engaged for more than 5 percent of the total operating time 

in a 6-month block reporting period. 

i. Maintain no VE from the 

FF stack. 

7. Glaze spray operation 

equipped with a WS.

a. Maintain the average scrubber pressure drop for each 3-hour block period at or above the average pressure drop established during the PM performance test in which compliance was demonstrated; and 

b. Maintain the average scrubber liquid flow rate for each 3-hour block period at or above the average 

scrubber liquid flow rate established during the PM performance test in which compliance was demonstrated. 

8. Glaze spray operation 

equipped with a water 

curtain.

a. Conduct daily inspections to verify the presence of water flow to the wet control system; and 

b. Conduct annual inspections of the interior of the control equipment (if applicable) to determine the structural integrity and condition of the control equipment. 

9. Glaze spray operation 

equipped with baffles.

Conduct an annual visual inspection of the baffles to confirm the baffles are in place. 

10. Spray dryer .................. Maintain the average operating temperature for each 4-hour block period at or above the average temperature established during the dioxin/furan performance test in which compliance was demonstrated. 

11. Floor tile press dryer ... Maintain the average operating temperature for each 4-hour block period at or below the average temperature established during the dioxin/furan performance test in which compliance was demonstrated. 

■ 10. Table 4 to subpart KKKKK is 

revised to read as follows: 

Table 4 to Subpart KKKKK of Part 63— 

Requirements for Performance Tests 

As stated in § 63.8595, you must 

conduct each performance test in the 

following table that applies to you: 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 


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According to the following 

For each ... You must ... Using ... requirements ... 

1. Tunnel or roller a. Select locations of Method 1 or 1A of 40 Sampling sites must be located at 

kiln. sampling ports and the CFR part 60, appendix the outlet of the APCD and prior to 

number of traverse points. A-1. any releases to the atmosphere for 

all affected sources. 

b. Determine velocities Method 2 of 40 CFR part You may use Method 2A, 2C, 2D, 

and volumetric flow rate. 60, appendix A-1. or 2F of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A-1, or Method 2G of 40 CFR part 

60, appendix A-2, as appropriate, as 

an alternative to using Method 2 of 

40 CFR part 60, appendix A -1. 

c. Conduct gas molecular Method 3 of 40 CFR part You may use Method 3A or 3B of 

weight analysis. 60, appendix A-2. 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, as 

appropriate, as an alternative to 

using Method 3 of 40 CFR part 60, 

appendix A-2. ANSI/ASME PTC 

19.10-1981 (incorporated by 

reference, see §63 .14) may be used 

as an alternative to the manual 

procedures (but not the instrumental 

procedures) in Methods 3A and 3B. 

d. Measure moisture Method 4 of 40 CFR part 

content of the stack gas. 60, appendix A-3. 

e. Measure HF and HCl i. Method 26A of 40 You may use Method 26 of 40 CFR 

emissions. CFR part 60, appendix part 60, appendix A-8, as an 

A-8; or alternative to using Method 26A of 

40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8, 

when no acid PM (e.g., HF or HCl 

dissolved in water droplets emitted 

by sources controlled by a WS) is 

present. ASTM D6735-01 

(Reapproved 2009) (incorporated by 

reference, see §63 .14) may be used 

as an alternative to Methods 26 and 

26A. 
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ii. Method 320 of When using Method 3 20 of 

appendix A of this part. appendix A of this part, you must 

follow the analyte spiking 

procedures of section 13 of Method 

3 20 of appendix A of this part, 

unless you can demonstrate that the 

complete spiking procedure has 

been conducted at a similar source. 

ASTM D6348-03 (Reapproved 

2010) (incorporated by reference, 

see §63 .14) may be used as an 

alternative to Method 3 20 if the test 

plan preparation and 

implementation in Annexes Al-A8 

are mandatory and the o/oR in Annex 

A5 is determined for each target 

analyte. 

f. Measure PM emissions. i. Method 5 of 40 CFR 

part 60, appendix A-3; or 

ii. Method 29 of 40 CFR 

part 60, appendix A-8. 

g. Measure Hg emissions. Method 29 of 40 CFR ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 

part 60, appendix A-8. 2008) (incorporated by reference, 

see §63.14) may be used as an 

alternative to Method 29 (portion 

for Hg only). 

h. Measure dioxin/furan Method 23 of 40 CFR 

emissions. part 60, appendix A-7. 

2. Glaze spray a. Select locations of Method 1 or lA of 40 Sampling sites must be located at 

operation sampling ports and the CFR part 60, appendix the outlet of the APCD and prior to 

number of traverse points. A-1. any releases to the atmosphere for 

all affected sources. 

b. Determine velocities Method 2 of 40 CFR part You may use Method 2A, 2C, 2D, 

and volumetric flow rate. 60, appendix A-1. or 2F of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A-1, or Method 2G of 40 CFR part 

60, appendix A-2, as appropriate, as 

an alternative to using Method 2 of 

40 CFR part 60, appendix A-1. 

c. Conduct gas molecular Method 3 of 40 CFR part You may use Method 3A or 3B of 

weight analysis. 60, appendix A-2. 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, as 

appropriate, as an alternative to 

using Method 3 of 40 CFR part 60, 

appendix A-2. ANSI/ASME PTC 

19.10-1981 (incorporated by 

reference, see §63 .14) may be used 

as an alternative to the manual 

procedures (but not the instrumental 

procedures) in Methods 3A and 3B. 

d. Measure moisture Method 4 of 40 CFR part 

content of the stack gas. 60, appendix A-3. 

e. Measure PM emissions. Method 5 of 40 CFR part 

60, appendix A-3. 
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f. Measure Hg emissions Method 29 of 40 CFR ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 

(tile glaze spray part 60, appendix A-8. 2008) (incorporated by reference, 

operations only). see §63 .14) may be used as an 

alternative to Method 29 (portion 

for Hg only). 

3. Spray dryer or a. Select locations of Method 1 or 1A of 40 Sampling sites must be located at 

floor tile press sampling ports and the CFR part 60, appendix the outlet of the APCD and prior to 

dryer number of traverse points. A-1. any releases to the atmosphere for 

all affected sources. 

b. Determine velocities Method 2 of 40 CFR part You may use Method 2A, 2C, 2D, 

and volumetric flow rate. 60, appendix A-1. or 2F of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A-1, or Method 2G of 40 CFR part 

60, appendix A-2, as appropriate, as 

an alternative to using Method 2 of 

40 CFR part 60, appendix A -1. 

c. Conduct gas molecular Method 3 of 40 CFR part You may use Method 3A or 3B of 

weight analysis. 60, appendix A-2. 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, as 

appropriate, as an alternative to 

using Method 3 of 40 CFR part 60, 

appendix A-2. ANSI/ASME PTC 

19.10-1981 (incorporated by 

reference, see §63 .14) may be used 

as an alternative to the manual 

procedures (but not the instrumental 

procedures) in Methods 3A and 3B. 

d. Measure moisture Method 4 of 40 CFR part 

content of the stack gas. 60, appendix A-3. 

e. Measure dioxin/furan Method 23 of 40 CFR 

emissions. part 60, appendix A-7. 

4. Tunnel or roller a. Establish the operating HCl-equivalent limit in Using the procedures in 

kiln with no add-on limit(s) for kiln process Table 1 to this subpart §63.8595(g)(1), you must determine 

control. rate if the total facility and emissions and the maximum process rate(s) for 

maximum potential HCl- production data from the your kiln(s) that would ensure total 

equivalent emissions are HF/HC1/Cl2 performance facility maximum potential HClgreater than the HCl- test. equivalent emissions remain at or 

equivalent limit in Table below the HCl-equivalent limit in 

1 to this subpart. Table 1 to this subpart. The 

maximum process rate(s) would 

become your site-specific process 

rate operating limit(s). 
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5. Tunnel or roller 

kiln that is 

complying with PM 

and/orHg 

production-based 

emission limits. 

b. Establish the operating 

limit for kiln operating 

temperature. 

Determine the production 

rate during each PM!Hg 

test run in order to 

determine compliance 

with PM and/or Hg 

production-based 

emission limits. 

i. Data from the kiln 

operating temperature 

measurement device 

during the dioxin/furan 

performance test. 

Production data 

collected during the 

PM!Hg performance 

tests (e.g., the number of 

ceramic pieces and 

weight per piece in the 

kiln during a test run 

divided by the amount of 

time to fire a piece). 

(1) You must continuously measure 

the kiln operating temperature 

during three 4-hour test runs and, 

from a 12-hour block of time 

consisting of 1-hour increments, 

calculate the following two values: 

(a) The standard deviation of the 12 

1-hour temperature measurements, 

calculated as follows: 

1 N 2 

a= -x I(x; -,u) VN i~l 

Where: 

a= standard deviation 

(Eq. 13) 

xi = each 1-hour temperature 

measurement 

11 = mean of all 12 1-hour 

measurements 

N = 12 measurements 

(b) 1 percent of the 12-hourblock 

average. 

(2) You must decide which of the 

two values would provide the 

greatest variability (i.e., the highest 

value), and then add this value to the 

12-hour block average measured 

during the compliance testing. This 

would become the maximum 

temperature your kiln would be 

allowed to operate during normal 

operations. 

You must measure and record the 

production rate, on a ton of 

throughput processed basis, of the 

affected kiln for each of the three 

test runs. 
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6. Tunnel or roller Establish the operating Data from the lime For continuous lime injection 

kiln equipped with limit for the lime feeder feeder during the systems, you must ensure that lime 

a DIFF or DLS/FF. setting. HF/HCl performance in the feed hopper or silo and to the 

test. APCD is free-flowing at all times 

during the performance test and 

record the feeder setting, on a per 

ton of throughput basis, for the three 

test runs. If the feed rate setting 

varies during the three test runs, 

determine and record the average 

feed rate from the three test runs. 

The average of the three test runs 

establishes your minimum sitespecific feed rate operating limit. 

7. Tunnel or roller a. Establish the operating Data from the pH You must continuously measure the 

kiln equipped with limit for the average measurement device scrubber liquid pH, determine and 

aWS. scrubber liquid pH. during the HF/HCl record the block average pH values 

performance test. for the three test runs, and determine 

and record the 3-hourblock average 

of the recorded pH measurements 

for the three test runs. The average 

of the three test runs establishes 

your minimum site-specific liquid 

pH operating limit. 

b. Establish the operating Data from the flow rate You must continuously measure the 

limit for the average measurement device scrubber liquid flow rate, determine 

scrubber liquid flow rate. during the HF/HCl and and record the block average flow 

PM performance tests. rate values for the three test runs, 

and determine and record the 3-hour 

block average of the recorded flow 

rate measurements for the three test 

runs. The average of the three test 

runs establishes your minimum sitespecific liquid flow rate operating 

level. If different average wet 

scrubber liquid flow rate values are 

measured during the HF IH Cl and 

PM tests, the highest of the average 

values become your site-specific 

operating limit. 

8. Tunnel or roller Establish the operating Data from the carbon You must measure the carbon flow 

kiln equipped with limit for the average flow rate measurement rate during each test run, determine 

an ACI system carbon flow rate. conducted during the Hg and record the block average carbon 

and dioxin/furan flow rate values for the three test 

performance tests. runs, and determine and record the 

3-hourblock average of the 

recorded carbon flow rate 

measurements for the three test runs. 

The average of the three test runs 

establishes your minimum sitespecific activated carbon flow rate 

operating limit. 
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9. Tunnel or roller 

kiln intending to 

comply with 

dioxin/furan 

emission limit 

without an ACI 

system. 

10. Glaze spray 

operation equipped 

with a WS. 

a. Establish the operating 

limit for kiln operating 

temperature. 

a. Establish the operating 

limit for the average 

scrubber pressure drop. 

i. Data from the kiln 

operating temperature 

measurement device 

during the dioxin/furan 

performance test. 

Data from the pressure 

drop measurement 

device during the PM 

performance test. 

(1) You must continuously measure 

the kiln operating temperature 

during three 4-hour test runs and, 

from a 12-hour block of time 

consisting of 1-hour increments, 

calculate the following two values: 

(a) The standard deviation of the 12 

1-hour temperature measurements, 

calculated as follows: 

1 N 2 

a= -x I(x; -,u) ~N ;~1 

Where: 

a= standard deviation 

(Eq. 14) 

xi = each 1-hour temperature 

measurement 

11 = mean of all 12 1-hour 

measurements 

N = 12 measurements 

(b) 1 percent of the 12-hourblock 

average. 

(2) You must decide which of the 

two values would provide the 

greatest variability (i.e., the highest 

value), and then add this value to the 

12-hour block average measured 

during the compliance testing. This 

would become the maximum 

temperature your kiln would be 

allowed to operate during normal 

operations. 

You must continuously measure the 

scrubber pressure drop, determine 

and record the block average 

pressure drop values for the three 

test runs, and determine and record 

the 3-hourblock average of the 

recorded pressure drop 

measurements for the three test runs. 

The average of the three test runs 

establishes your minimum sitespecific pressure drop operating 

limit. 
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BILLING CODE 6560–50–C 

■ 11. Table 6 to subpart KKKKK is 

revised to read as follows: 

Table 6 to Subpart KKKKK of Part 63— 

Initial Compliance With Emission 

Limitations and Work Practice 

Standards 

As stated in § 63.8605, you must 

demonstrate initial compliance with 

each emission limitation and work 

practice standard that applies to you 

according to the following table: 

For each . . . For the following . . . You have demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 

1. Collection of all tunnel or roller kilns 

at the facility.

a. HF, HCl, and Cl2 emissions must not 

exceed 62 kg/hr (140 lb/hr) HCl 

equivalent.

i. You measure HF and HCl emissions for each kiln using Method 26 or 26A of 

40 CFR part 60, appendix A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6735–01 (Reapproved 2009) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14); or Method 320 of 

appendix A of this part or its alternative, ASTM D6348–03 (Reapproved 2010) 

(incorporated by reference, see § 63.14); and 

ii. You calculate the HCl-equivalent emissions for HF for each kiln using Equation 4 to this subpart; and 

iii. You sum the HCl-equivalent values for all kilns at the facility using Equation 

5 to this subpart; and 

iv. The facility total HCl-equivalent does not exceed 62 kg/hr (140 lb/hr). 

2. Existing floor tile roller kiln .................. a. PM emissions must not exceed 0.063 

kg/Mg (0.13 lb/ton) of fired product.

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3 or Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–8, over the period of the initial 

performance test, according to the calculations in § 63.8595(f)(1), do not exceed 0.063 kg/Mg (0.13 lb/ton) of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the applicable operating limits listed in 

Table 2 to this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during 

which PM emissions did not exceed 0.063 kg/Mg (0.13 lb/ton) of fired product. 

b. Hg emissions must not exceed 6.3 

E–05 kg/Mg (1.3 E–04 lb/ton) of fired 

product.

i. The Hg emissions measured using Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6784–02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14), over the period of the initial performance test, do not 

exceed 6.3 E–05 kg/Mg (1.3 E–04 lb/ton) of fired product; and 


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42084 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 161 / Monday, August 20, 2018 / Proposed Rules 

For each . . . For the following . . . You have demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which Hg 

emissions did not exceed 6.3 E–05 kg/Mg (1.3 E–04 lb/ton) of fired product. 

c. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 2.8 ng/kg of fired product.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 2.8 

ng/kg of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 2.8 ng/kg of fired product. 

3. Existing wall tile roller kiln .................. a. PM emissions must not exceed 0.19 

kg/Mg (0.37 lb/ton) of fired product.

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3 or Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–8, over the period of the initial 

performance test, according to the calculations in § 63.8595(f)(1), do not exceed 0.19 kg/Mg (0.37 lb/ton) of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 0.19 kg/Mg (0.37 lb/ton) of fired product. 

b. Hg emissions must not exceed 1.1 

E–04 kg/Mg (2.1 E–04 lb/ton) of fired 

product.

i. The Hg emissions measured using Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6784–02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14), over the period of the initial performance test, do not 

exceed 1.1 E–04 kg/Mg (2.1 E–04 lb/ton) of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which Hg 

emissions did not exceed 1.1 E–04 kg/Mg (2.1 E–04 lb/ton) of fired product. 

c. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 0.22 ng/kg of fired product.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 

0.22 ng/kg of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 0.22 ng/kg of fired product. 

4. Existing first-fire sanitaryware tunnel 

kiln.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 0.17 

kg/Mg (0.34 lb/ton) of greenware fired.

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3 or Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–8, over the period of the initial 

performance test, according to the calculations in § 63.8595(f)(1), do not exceed 0.17 kg/Mg (0.34 lb/ton) of greenware fired; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 0.17 kg/Mg (0.34 lb/ton) of greenware fired. 

b. Hg emissions must not exceed 1.3 

E–04 kg/Mg (2.6 E–04 lb/ton) of 

greenware fired.

i. The Hg emissions measured using Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6784–02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14), over the period of the initial performance test, do not 

exceed 1.3 E–04 kg/Mg (2.6 E–04 lb/ton) of greenware fired; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which Hg 

emissions did not exceed 1.3 E–04 kg/Mg (2.6 E–04 lb/ton) of greenware 

fired. 

c. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 3.3 ng/kg of greenware fired.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 3.3 

ng/kg of greenware fired; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 3.3 ng/kg of greenware fired. 

5. Existing tile glaze line with glaze 

spraying.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 0.93 

kg/Mg (1.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3, over the period of the initial performance test, according to the calculations 

in § 63.8595(f)(2), do not exceed 0.93 kg/Mg (1.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 0.93 kg/Mg (1.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed 

(dry weight basis). 

b. Hg emissions must not exceed 8.0 

E–05 kg/Mg (1.6 E–04 lb/ton) of firstfire glaze sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The Hg emissions measured using Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6784–02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14), over the period of the initial performance test, do not 

exceed 8.0 E–05 kg/Mg (1.6 E–04 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry 

weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which Hg 

emissions did not exceed 8.0 E–05 kg/Mg (1.6 E–04 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis). 

6. Existing sanitaryware manual glaze 

application.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 18 

kg/Mg (35 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3, over the period of the initial performance test, according to the calculations 

in § 63.8595(f)(2), do not exceed 18 kg/Mg (35 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 18 kg/Mg (35 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry 

weight basis). 

7. Existing sanitaryware spray machine 

glaze application.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 6.2 

kg/Mg (13 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3, over the period of the initial performance test, according to the calculations 

in § 63.8595(f)(2), do not exceed 6.2 kg/Mg (13 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 6.2 kg/Mg (13 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry 

weight basis). 


daltland on DSKBBV9HB2PROD with PROPOSALS
Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 161 / Monday, August 20, 2018 / Proposed Rules 42085 

For each . . . For the following . . . You have demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 

8. Existing sanitaryware robot glaze application.a. PM emissions must not exceed 4.5 

kg/Mg (8.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3, over the period of the initial performance test, according to the calculations 

in § 63.8595(f)(2), do not exceed 4.5 kg/Mg (8.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 4.5 kg/Mg (8.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry 

weight basis). 

9. Existing floor tile spray dryer .............. a. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 19 ng/kg of throughput processed.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 19 

ng/kg of throughput processed; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 19 ng/kg of throughput processed. 

10. Existing wall tile spray dryer ............. a. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 0.058 ng/kg of throughput processed.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 

0.058 ng/kg of throughput processed; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 0.058 ng/kg of throughput processed. 

11. Existing floor tile press dryer ............ a. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 0.024 ng/kg of throughput processed.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 

0.024 ng/kg of throughput processed; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 0.024 ng/kg of throughput processed. 

12. New or reconstructed floor tile roller 

kiln.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 0.019 

kg/Mg (0.037 lb/ton) of fired product.

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3 or Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–8, over the period of the initial 

performance test, according to the calculations in § 63.8595(f)(1), do not exceed 0.019 kg/Mg (0.037 lb/ton) of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 0.019 kg/Mg (0.037 lb/ton) of fired product. 

b. Hg emissions must not exceed 2.0 

E–05 kg/Mg (3.9 E–05 lb/ton) of fired 

product.

i. The Hg emissions measured using Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6784–02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14), over the period of the initial performance test, do not 

exceed 2.0 E–05 kg/Mg (3.9 E–05 lb/ton) of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which Hg 

emissions did not exceed 2.0 E–05 kg/Mg (3.9 E–05 lb/ton) of fired product. 

c. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 1.3 ng/kg of fired product.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 1.3 

ng/kg of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 1.3 ng/kg of fired product. 

13. New or reconstructed wall tile roller 

kiln.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 0.19 

kg/Mg (0.37 lb/ton) of fired product.

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3 or Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–8, over the period of the initial 

performance test, according to the calculations in § 63.8595(f)(1), do not exceed 0.19 kg/Mg (0.37 lb/ton) of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 0.19 kg/Mg (0.37 lb/ton) of fired product. 

b. Hg emissions must not exceed 1.1 

E–04 kg/Mg (2.1 E–04 lb/ton) of fired 

product.

i. The Hg emissions measured using Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6784–02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14), over the period of the initial performance test, do not 

exceed 1.1 E–04 kg/Mg (2.1 E–04 lb/ton) of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which Hg 

emissions did not exceed 1.1 E–04 kg/Mg (2.1 E–04 lb/ton) of fired product. 

c. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 0.22 ng/kg of fired product.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 

0.22 ng/kg of fired product; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 0.22 ng/kg of fired product. 

14. New or reconstructed first-fire 

sanitaryware tunnel kiln.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 0.048 

kg/Mg (0.095 lb/ton) of greenware 

fired.

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3 or Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–8, over the period of the initial 

performance test, according to the calculations in § 63.8595(f)(1), do not exceed 0.048 kg/Mg (0.095 lb/ton) of greenware fired; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 0.048 kg/Mg (0.095 lb/ton) of greenware fired. 

b. Hg emissions must not exceed 6.1 

E–05 kg/Mg (1.3 E–04 lb/ton) of 

greenware fired.

i. The Hg emissions measured using Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6784–02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14), over the period of the initial performance test, do not 

exceed 6.1 E–05 kg/Mg (1.3 E–04 lb/ton) of greenware fired; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which Hg 

emissions did not exceed 6.1 E–05 kg/Mg (1.3 E–04 lb/ton) of greenware 

fired. 


daltland on DSKBBV9HB2PROD with PROPOSALS
42086 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 161 / Monday, August 20, 2018 / Proposed Rules 

For each . . . For the following . . . You have demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 

c. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 0.99 ng/kg of greenware fired.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 

0.99 ng/kg of greenware fired; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 0.99 ng/kg of greenware fired. 

15. New or reconstructed tile glaze line 

with glaze spraying.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 0.31 

kg/Mg (0.61 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3, over the period of the initial performance test, according to the calculations 

in § 63.8595(f)(2), do not exceed 0.31 kg/Mg (0.61 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 0.31 kg/Mg (0.61 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed 

(dry weight basis). 

b. Hg emissions must not exceed 8.0 

E–05 kg/Mg (1.6 E–04 lb/ton) of firstfire glaze sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The Hg emissions measured using Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 

A–8 or its alternative, ASTM D6784–02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14), over the period of the initial performance test, do not 

exceed 8.0 E–05 kg/Mg (1.6 E–04 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry 

weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which Hg 

emissions did not exceed 8.0 E–05 kg/Mg (1.6 E–04 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis). 

16. New or reconstructed sanitaryware 

manual glaze application.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 2.0 

kg/Mg (3.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3, over the period of the initial performance test, according to the calculations 

in § 63.8595(f)(2), do not exceed 2.0 kg/Mg (3.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 2.0 kg/Mg (3.9 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry 

weight basis). 

17. New or reconstructed sanitaryware 

spray machine glaze application.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 1.6 

kg/Mg (3.2 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3, over the period of the initial performance test, according to the calculations 

in § 63.8595(f)(2), do not exceed 1.6 kg/Mg (3.2 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 1.6 kg/Mg (3.2 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry 

weight basis). 

18. New or reconstructed sanitaryware 

robot glaze application.

a. PM emissions must not exceed 1.2 

kg/Mg (2.3 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis).

i. The PM emissions measured using Method 5 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A– 

3, over the period of the initial performance test, according to the calculations 

in § 63.8595(f)(2), do not exceed 1.2 kg/Mg (2.3 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze 

sprayed (dry weight basis); and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which PM 

emissions did not exceed 1.2 kg/Mg (2.3 lb/ton) of first-fire glaze sprayed (dry 

weight basis). 

19. New or reconstructed floor tile spray 

dryer.

a. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 0.071 ng/kg of throughput processed.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 

0.071 ng/kg of throughput processed; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 0.071 ng/kg of throughput processed. 

20. New or reconstructed wall tile spray 

dryer.

a. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 0.058 ng/kg of throughput processed.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 

0.058 ng/kg of throughput processed; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 0.058 ng/kg of throughput processed. 

21. New or reconstructed floor tile press 

dryer.

a. Dioxin/furan emissions must not exceed 0.024 ng/kg of throughput processed.i. The dioxin/furan emissions measured using Method 23 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7, over the period of the initial performance test, do not exceed 

0.024 ng/kg of throughput processed; and 

ii. You establish and have a record of the operating limits listed in Table 2 to 

this subpart over the period of the initial performance test during which dioxin/ 

furan emissions did not exceed 0.024 ng/kg of throughput processed. 

22. Existing, new, or reconstructed 

sanitaryware shuttle kiln.

a. Minimize HAP emissions ................... i. Use natural gas, or equivalent, as the kiln fuel; and 

ii. Develop a designed firing time and temperature cycle for the sanitaryware 

shuttle kiln. You must either program the time and temperature cycle into your 

kiln or track each step on a log sheet; and 

iii. Label each sanitaryware shuttle kiln with the maximum load (in tons) of 

greenware that can be fired in the kiln during a single firing cycle; and 

iv. Develop maintenance procedures for each kiln that, at a minimum, specify 

the frequency of inspection and maintenance of temperature monitoring devices, controls that regulate air-to-fuel ratios, and controls that regulate firing 

cycles. 


daltland on DSKBBV9HB2PROD with PROPOSALS
Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 161 / Monday, August 20, 2018 / Proposed Rules 42087 

■ 12. Table 7 to subpart KKKKK is 

revised to read as follows: 

Table 7 to Subpart KKKKK of Part 63— 

Continuous Compliance With Emission 

Limitations and Work Practice 

Standards 

As stated in § 63.8620, you must 

demonstrate continuous compliance 

with each emission limitation and work 

practice standard that applies to you 

according to the following table: 

For each . . . For the following . . . You must demonstrate continuous compliance 

by . . . Or by . .

1. Tunnel or roller kiln 

equipped with a DIFF or 

DLS/FF.

a. Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 1 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for kilns 

equipped with DIFF or 

DLS/FF.

i. If you use a bag leak detection system, as prescribed in 63.8450(e), initiating corrective action 

within 1 hour of a bag leak detection system 

alarm and completing corrective actions in accordance with your OM&M plan; operating and 

maintaining the fabric filter such that the alarm is 

not engaged for more than 5 percent of the total 

operating time in a 6-month block reporting period; in calculating this operating time fraction, if 

inspection of the fabric filter demonstrates that no 

corrective action is required, no alarm time is 

counted; if corrective action is required, each 

alarm is counted as a minimum of 1 hour; if you 

take longer than 1 hour to initiate corrective action, the alarm time is counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by you to initiate corrective 

action; and 

(1) Performing VE observations of the DIFF or DLS/ 

FF stack at the frequency specified in 

§ 63.8620(e) using Method 22 of 40 CFR part 60, 

appendix A–7; and maintaining no VE from the 

DIFF or DLS/FF stack; or 

(2) Maintaining your kiln temperature profile; for any 

incidence where the kiln is out of control (i.e., exceeds its temperature profile), performing VE observations of the DIFF or DLS/FF stack as specified in § 63.8620(e) using Method 22 of 40 CFR 

part 60, appendix A–7; and observing no VE from 

the DIFF or DLS/FF stack. 

ii. Verifying that lime is free-flowing via a load cell, 

carrier gas/lime flow indicator, carrier gas pressure drop measurement system, or other system; 

recording all monitor or sensor output, and if lime 

is found not to be free flowing, promptly initiating 

and completing corrective actions in accordance 

with your OM&M plan; recording the feeder setting once each shift of operation to verify that the 

feeder setting is being maintained at or above the 

level established during the HF/HCl performance 

test in which compliance was demonstrated. 

2. Tunnel or roller kiln 

equipped with a WS.

a. Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 2 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for kilns 

equipped with WS.

i. Collecting the scrubber liquid pH data according 

to § 63.8600(a); reducing the scrubber liquid pH 

data to 3-hour block averages according to 

§ 63.8600(a); maintaining the average scrubber 

liquid pH for each 3-hour block period at or above 

the average scrubber liquid pH established during 

the HF/HCl performance test in which compliance 

was demonstrated; and 

ii. Collecting the scrubber liquid flow rate data according to § 63.8600(a); reducing the scrubber liquid flow rate data to 3-hour block averages according to § 63.8600(a); maintaining the average 

scrubber liquid flow rate for each 3-hour block period at or above the highest average scrubber liquid flow rate established during the HF/HCl and 

PM performance tests in which compliance was 

demonstrated. 

3. Tunnel or roller kiln 

equipped with an ACI 

system.

Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 3 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for kilns 

equipped with ACI system.

Collecting the carbon flow rate data according to 

§ 63.8600(a); reducing the carbon flow rate data 

to 3-hour block averages according to 

§ 63.8600(a); maintaining the average carbon flow 

rate for each 3-hour block period at or above the 

highest average carbon flow rate established during the Hg and dioxin/furan performance tests in 

which compliance was demonstrated. 

4. Tunnel or roller kiln intending to comply with 

dioxin/furan emission limit 

without an ACI system.

Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 4 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for kilns intending to comply with 

dioxin/furan emission 

limit without an ACI 

system.

Collecting the operating temperature data according 

to § 63.8600(a); and maintaining the operating 

temperature at or below the highest operating 

temperature established during the dioxin/furan 

performance test in which compliance was demonstrated. 

Collecting the operating temperature data according 

to § 63.8600(a); reducing the operating temperature data to a 12-hour block average; and maintaining the average operating temperature for 

each 12-hour block period at or below the highest 

operating temperature established during the 

dioxin/furan performance test in which compliance 

was demonstrated. 

5. Tunnel or roller kiln with 

no add-on control.

a. Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 5 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for tunnel 

or roller kilns with no 

add-on control.

i. Performing VE observations of the stack at the 

frequency specified in § 63.8620(e) using Method 

22 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7; and maintaining no VE from the stack; and 

(1) Maintaining your kiln temperature profile; for any 

incidence where the kiln is out of control (i.e., exceeds its temperature profile), performing VE observations of the DIFF or DLS/FF stack as specified in § 63.8620(e) using Method 22 of 40 CFR 

part 60, appendix A–7; and observing no VE from 

the stack. 


daltland on DSKBBV9HB2PROD with PROPOSALS
42088 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 161 / Monday, August 20, 2018 / Proposed Rules 

For each . . . For the following . . . You must demonstrate continuous compliance 

by . . . Or by . .

ii. If your last calculated total facility maximum potential HCl-equivalent was not at or below the 

health-based standard in Table 1 to this subpart, 

collecting the kiln process rate data according to 

§ 63.8600(a); reducing the kiln process rate data 

to 3-hour block averages according to 

§ 63.8600(a); maintaining the average kiln process rate for each 3-hour block period at or below 

the kiln process rate determined according to 

§ 63.8595(g)(1); and 

iii. Collecting the operating temperature data according to § 63.8600(a); and maintaining the operating temperature at or below the highest operating temperature established during the dioxin/ 

furan performance test in which compliance was 

demonstrated. 

(1) Collecting the operating temperature data according to § 63.8600(a); reducing the operating 

temperature data to a 12-hour block average; and 

maintaining the average operating temperature for 

each 12-hour block period at or below the highest 

operating temperature established during the 

dioxin/furan performance test in which compliance 

was demonstrated. 

6. Glaze spray operation 

equipped with a FF.

Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 6 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for glaze 

spray operations 

equipped with a FF.

If you use a bag leak detection system, initiating 

corrective action within 1 hour of a bag leak detection system alarm and completing corrective 

actions in accordance with your OM&M plan; operating and maintaining the fabric filter such that 

the alarm is not engaged for more than 5 percent 

of the total operating time in a 6-month block reporting period; in calculating this operating time 

fraction, if inspection of the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is required, no 

alarm time is counted; if corrective action is required, each alarm is counted as a minimum of 1 

hour; if you take longer than 1 hour to initiate corrective action, the alarm time is counted as the 

actual amount of time taken by you to initiate corrective action. 

Performing VE observations of the FF stack at the 

frequency specified in § 63.8620(e) using Method 

22 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7; and maintaining no VE from the FF stack. 

7. Glaze spray operation 

equipped with a WS.

a. Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 7 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for kilns 

equipped with WS.

i. Collecting the scrubber pressure drop data according to § 63.8600(a); reducing the scrubber 

pressure drop data to 3-hour block averages according to § 63.8600(a); maintaining the average 

scrubber pressure drop for each 3-hour block period at or above the average pressure drop established during the PM performance test in which 

compliance was demonstrated; and 

ii. Collecting the scrubber liquid flow rate data according to § 63.8600(a); reducing the scrubber liquid flow rate data to 3-hour block averages according to § 63.8600(a); maintaining the average 

scrubber liquid flow rate for each 3-hour block period at or above the average scrubber liquid flow 

rate established during the PM performance test 

in which compliance was demonstrated. 

8. Glaze spray operation 

equipped with a water 

curtain.

a. Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 8 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for kilns 

equipped with a water 

curtain.

i. Conducting daily inspections to verify the presence of water flow to the wet control system; and 

ii. Conducting annual inspections of the interior of 

the control equipment (if applicable) to determine 

the structural integrity and condition of the control 

equipment. 

9. Glaze spray operation 

equipped with baffles.

Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 9 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for kilns 

equipped with baffles.

Conducting an annual visual inspection of the baffles to confirm the baffles are in place. 

10. Spray dryer ................... Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 10 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for spray 

dryers.

Collecting the operating temperature data according 

to § 63.8600(a); reducing the operating temperature data to 4-hour block averages according to 

§ 63.8600(a); maintaining the average operating 

temperature for each 4-hour block period at or 

above the average operating temperature established during the dioxin/furan performance test in 

which compliance was demonstrated. 

11. Floor tile press dryer .... Each emission limit in 

Table 1 to this subpart 

and each operating limit 

in Item 11 of Table 2 to 

this subpart for floor tile 

press dryers.

Collecting the operating temperature data according 

to § 63.8600(a); reducing the operating temperature data to 4-hour block averages according to 

§ 63.8600(a); maintaining the average operating 

temperature for each 4-hour block period at or 

below the average operating temperature established during the dioxin/furan performance test in 

which compliance was demonstrated. 


daltland on DSKBBV9HB2PROD with PROPOSALS
Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 161 / Monday, August 20, 2018 / Proposed Rules 42089 

For each . . . For the following . . . You must demonstrate continuous compliance 

by . . . Or by . .

12. Sanitaryware shuttle 

kiln.

a. Minimize HAP emissions.i. Maintaining records documenting your use of natural gas, or an equivalent fuel, as the kiln fuel at 

all times except during periods of natural gas curtailment or supply interruption; and 

ii. If you intend to use an alternative fuel, submitting 

a notification of alternative fuel use within 48 

hours of the declaration of a period of natural gas 

curtailment or supply interruption, as defined in 

§ 63.8665; and 

iii. Submitting a report of alternative fuel use within 

10 working days after terminating the use of the 

alternative fuel, as specified in § 63.8635(g); and 

iv. Using a designed firing time and temperature 

cycle for each sanitaryware shuttle kiln; and 

v. For each firing load, documenting the total tonnage of greenware placed in the kiln to ensure 

that it is not greater than the maximum load identified in Item 1.a.iii of Table 3 to this subpart; and 

vi. Following maintenance procedures for each kiln 

that, at a minimum, specify the frequency of inspection and maintenance of temperature monitoring devices, controls that regulate air-to-fuel ratios, and controls that regulate firing cycles; and 

vii. Developing and maintaining records for each 

sanitaryware shuttle kiln, as specified in 

§ 63.8640. 

[FR Doc. 2018–17933 Filed 8–17–18; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS 

COMMISSION 

47 CFR Part 30 

[GN Docket No. 14–177; FCC 18–110] 

Use of Spectrum Bands Above 24 GHz 

for Mobile Radio Services 

AGENCY: Federal Communications 

Commission. 

ACTION: Proposed rule. 

SUMMARY: In this document, a Fourth 

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (4th 

FNPRM) invites members of the public 

to comment on how best to transition 

existing spectrum holdings in the 39 

GHz band to the new flexible-use band 

plan, and on using an incentive auction 

mechanism. The Federal 

Communications Commission 

(Commission or FCC) proposes to 

modify the 39 GHz, Upper 37 GHz, and 

47 GHz band plans from 200 megahertz 

to 100 megahertz channels to facilitate 

the auctioning of all three bands at the 

same time. The Commission also 

proposes an incentive auction to reduce 

encumbrances and create contiguous 

blocks of spectrum through the 39 GHz 

and Upper 37 GHz bands. These 

proposals will promote the efficient use 

of this spectrum by incumbents and 

new licensees. 

DATES: Comments are due on or before 

September 17, 2018, and reply 

comments are due on or before October 

8, 2018. 

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, 

identified by GN Docket No. 14–177, by 

any of the following methods: 

• Federal eRulemaking Portal: http:// 

www.regulations.gov. Follow the 

instructions for submitting comments. 

• Federal Communications 

Commission’s website: https://

www.fcc.gov/ecfs/. Follow the 

instructions for submitting comments. 

• People with Disabilities: Contact the 

FCC to request reasonable 

accommodations (accessible format 

documents, sign language interpreters, 

CART, etc.) by email: FCC504@fcc.gov, 

phone: 202–418–0530 or TTY: 202–418– 

0432. 

For detailed instructions for 

submitting comments and additional 

information on the rulemaking process, 

see the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

section of this document. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Erik 

Salovaara, Wireless 

Telecommunications Bureau, Auctions 

and Spectrum Access Division, (202) 

418–0660, Erik.Salovaara@fcc.gov or 

Simon Banyai, Wireless 

Telecommunications Bureau, 

Broadband Division, (202) 418–1443, 

Simon.Banyai@fcc.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a 

summary of the Commission’s 4th 

Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking 

(4th FNPRM), GN Docket No. 14–177, 

FCC 18–110, adopted on August 2, 

2018, and released on August 3, 2018. 

The complete text of this document is 

available for public inspection and 

copying from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Eastern 

Time (ET) Monday through Thursday or 

from 8 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. ET on Fridays 

in the FCC Reference Information 

Center, 445 12th Street SW, Room CY– 

A257, Washington, DC 20554. The 

complete text is also available on the 

Commission’s website at http://

wireless.fcc.gov, or by using the search 

function on the ECFS web page at 

http://www.fcc.gov/cgb/ecfs/. 

Alternative formats are available to 

persons with disabilities by sending an 

email to fcc504@fcc.gov or by calling the 

Consumer & Governmental Affairs 

Bureau at (202) 418–0530 (voice), (202) 

418–0432 (tty). 

Comment Filing Procedures 

Pursuant to §§ 1.415 and 1.419 of the 

Commission’s rules, 47 CFR 1.415, 

1.419, interested parties may file 

comments and reply comments on or 

before the dates indicated on the first 

page of this document. Comments may 

be filed using the Commission’s 

Electronic Comment Filing System 

(ECFS). See Electronic Filing of 

Documents in Rulemaking Proceedings, 

63 FR 24121 (1998). 

• Electronic Filers: Comments may be 

filed electronically using the internet by 

accessing the ECFS: https://

www.fcc.gov/ecfs/filings. Filers should 

follow the instructions provided on the 

website for submitting comments. In 

completing the transmittal screen, filers 

should include their full name, U.S. 

Postal Service mailing address, and the 

applicable docket number, GN Docket 

No. 14–177. 

• Paper Filers: Parties who choose to 

file by paper must file an original and 

one copy of each filing. If more than one 

docket or rulemaking number appears in 

the caption of this proceeding, filers 

must submit two additional copies for 


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