Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 164 / Thursday, August 23, 2018 / Notices 42677 

geographic proximity. Canyon del 

Muerto lies within the aboriginal lands 

of the Navajo Nation, as established by 

the Indian Claims Commission. Navajo 

consultants in 1997 did not specifically 

comment on the cultural affiliation of 

the associated funerary objects. 

However, the Navajo Nation maintains 

that it is affiliated with material and 

human remains from Canyon de Chelly. 

Evidence for cultural affiliation 

between the Ancestral Puebloan 

occupants of Canyon del Muerto and the 

Pueblo of Acoma includes similarities 

in material culture and architectural 

design, expert opinion, and oral 

tradition. The Pueblo of Acoma asserts 

a cultural affiliation with archeological 

sites within the Four Corners area. 

During a 1997 consultation visit to the 

Brooklyn Museum, Pueblo of Acoma 

representatives stated that they consider 

Puebloan archeological material from 

Canyon del Muerto to be ancestral to 

them. 

Evidence for cultural affiliation 

between the Ancestral Puebloan 

occupants of Canyon del Muerto and the 

Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation 

includes similarities in material culture 

and architectural design, expert 

opinion, geographic proximity, and oral 

tradition. Zuni Tribe representatives 

explained during a 1996 consultation 

that they do not distinguish between 

their Ancestral Puebloan ancestors and 

themselves, and referred to both the 

earlier and present-day groups as Zuni. 

Determinations Made by the Brooklyn 

Museum 

Officials of the Brooklyn Museum 

have determined that: 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), 

the two objects described in this notice 

are reasonably believed to have been 

placed with or near individual human 

remains at the time of death or later as 

part of the death rite or ceremony. 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there 

is a relationship of shared group 

identity that can be reasonably traced 

between the Native American associated 

funerary objects and the Colorado River 

Indian Tribes of the Colorado River 

Indian Reservation, Arizona and 

California; Hopi Tribe of Arizona; 

Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico & 

Utah; Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico; 

and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, 

New Mexico (hereafter referred to as 

‘‘The Tribes’’). 

Additional Requestors and Disposition 

Lineal descendants or representatives 

of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to request transfer of control 

of these associated funerary objects 

should submit a written request with 

information in support of the request to 

Nancy Rosoff, Andrew W. Mellon 

Senior Curator, Arts of the Americas, 

Brooklyn Museum, 200 Eastern 

Parkway, Brooklyn, NY 11238, 

telephone (718) 501–6283, email 

nancy.rosoff@brooklynmuseum.org, by 

September 24, 2018. After that date, if 

no additional requestors have come 

forward, transfer of control of the 

associated funerary objects to The 

Tribes may proceed. 

The Brooklyn Museum is responsible 

for notifying The Consulted Tribes that 

this notice has been published. 

Dated: July 30, 2018. 

Melanie O’Brien, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2018–18203 Filed 8–22–18; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–52–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–NPS0026150; 

PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000] 

Notice of Inventory Completion: 

Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, NY 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: The Brooklyn Museum has 

completed an inventory of human 

remains and associated funerary objects, 

in consultation with the appropriate 

Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian 

organizations, and has determined that 

there is a cultural affiliation between the 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects and present-day Indian Tribes or 

Native Hawaiian organizations. Lineal 

descendants or representatives of any 

Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to request transfer of control 

of these human remains and associated 

funerary objects should submit a written 

request to the Brooklyn Museum. If no 

additional requestors come forward, 

transfer of control of the human remains 

and associated funerary objects to the 

lineal descendants, Indian Tribes, or 

Native Hawaiian organizations stated in 

this notice may proceed. 

DATES: Lineal descendants or 

representatives of any Indian Tribe or 

Native Hawaiian organization not 

identified in this notice that wish to 

request transfer of control of these 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects should submit a written request 

with information in support of the 

request to the Brooklyn Museum at the 

address in this notice by September 24, 

2018. 

ADDRESSES: Nancy Rosoff, Andrew W. 

Mellon Senior Curator, Arts of the 

Americas, Brooklyn Museum, 200 

Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, NY 11238, 

telephone (718) 501–6283, email 

nancy.rosoff@brooklynmuseum.org. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is 

here given in accordance with the 

Native American Graves Protection and 

Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 

3003, of the completion of an inventory 

of human remains and associated 

funerary objects under the control of the 

Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, NY. The 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects were removed from Sentinel 

Ruin, Canyon del Muerto, Apache 

County, AZ. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American human remains and 

associated funerary objects. The 

National Park Service is not responsible 

for the determinations in this notice. 

Consultation 

A detailed assessment of the human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

was made by the Brooklyn Museum 

professional staff in consultation with 

representatives of Colorado River Indian 

Tribes of the Colorado River 

Reservation, Arizona and California; 

Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, 

Arizona; Hopi Tribe of Arizona; Navajo 

Nation, Arizona, New Mexico and Utah; 

Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico; San 

Carlos Apache Tribe of the San Carlos 

Reservation, Arizona; Tonto Apache 

Tribe of Arizona; Ute Indian Tribe of the 

Uintah and Ouray Reservation, Utah; 

White Mountain Apache Tribe of the 

Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona; and 

Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp 

Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; and 

Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New 

Mexico, hereafter referred to as ‘‘The 

Consulted Tribes.’’ 

The Southern Paiute Consortium— 

composed of Kaibab Band of Paiute 

Indians of the Kaibab Indian 

Reservation, Arizona; Las Vegas Tribe of 

Paiute Indians of the Las Vegas Indian 

Colony, Nevada; Moapa Band of Paiute 

Indians of the Moapa River Indian 

Reservation, Nevada; and Paiute Indian 

Tribe of Utah (Cedar Band of Paiutes, 

Kanosh Band of Paiutes, Koosharem 

Band of Paiutes, Indian Peaks Band of 

Paiutes, and Shivwits Band of 

Paiutes)—was also consulted at this 

time, but representatives only viewed 

ethnographic objects and did not view 

or offer comments on the human 


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42678 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 164 / Thursday, August 23, 2018 / Notices 

remains and associated funerary objects 

listed in this Notice. 

History and Description of the Remains 

At an unknown date, human remains 

representing, at minimum, one 

individual were removed from Sentinel 

Ruin, Canyon del Muerto, Apache 

County, AZ. No known individuals 

were identified. The human remains are 

one mummified body of a child. The 

one associated funerary object is a 

turkey feather blanket wrapped around 

the human remains. 

The human remains and associated 

funerary object were removed by 

Charles L. Day at an unknown date. The 

Day family owned a trading post in 

Chinle, AZ, where Day worked prior to 

being appointed custodian of Canyon de 

Chelly in 1903 or 1904. Brooklyn 

Museum curator Stewart Culin 

purchased the human remains and 

associated funerary object from Day at 

some point between 1903 and 1911— 

most likely in 1903—as part of a large 

purchase of ‘‘cliff dweller’’ objects and 

human remains. 

The human remains are not cataloged, 

so their provenience has been 

established through careful 

consideration of Brooklyn Museum 

records, and discussions with staff at 

other institutions and The Consulted 

Tribes. The Brooklyn Museum has 

determined with near certainty that the 

human remains are those documented 

in Culin’s catalog as number 10934, the 

‘‘body of a child’’ removed from 

Sentinel Ruin. The Brooklyn Museum 

has had mummies from the Canyon de 

Chelly region and Peru in its collection. 

These mummies, including the human 

remains described in this Notice, were 

supposed to have been transferred to the 

American Museum of Natural History in 

1956. However, for reasons unknown, it 

appears that the child’s mummy never 

left the Brooklyn Museum. 

Non-intrusive examination and expert 

opinion have shown with near certainty 

that the human remains were removed 

from Sentinel Ruin in Canyon del 

Muerto. In 1991, responding to photos 

of the human remains, American 

Museum of Natural History staff stated 

that the human remains do not resemble 

Peruvian mummies, and that the cords 

used to weave the shroud are more 

typical of American Southwestern styles 

than Peruvian ones. In November 1996, 

a Brooklyn Museum conservator 

examined the human remains and 

determined that the woven shroud was 

made from vegetable stem or bast fibers, 

possibly jute or sisal, onto which 

feathers were woven. In 1997, feathers 

from the shroud were examined by 

Roxie C. Laybourne at the National 

Museum of Natural History. She 

determined that the feathers came from 

a turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). The 

range of turkeys does not extend south 

of Mexico, eliminating any possibility 

that the human remains were removed 

from a site in Peru. Through 

consideration of the above evidence, the 

Brooklyn Museum has determined that 

the human remains were removed from 

Sentinel Ruin in Canyon de Chelly. 

The associated funerary object is one 

turkey feather blanket used as a shroud. 

Turkey feather and rabbit fur blankets 

are frequently found in Ancestral 

Puebloan graves from Basketmaker II on, 

particularly the graves of children. 

Although there is some overlap, fur 

blankets generally predate feather 

blankets. Many human remains 

removed from Canyon del Muerto and 

Canyon de Chelly were found in 

association with fur or feather blankets, 

which were used as shrouds. For 

example, a 1929 excavation of a 

Basketmaker II site in Canyon del 

Muerto, by Earl Morris of the American 

Museum of Natural History disturbed 

the grave of an individual who had been 

buried in a turkey feather blanket. The 

presence of the feather blanket and 

documented usage of the Sentinel Ruin 

site indicates that the human remains 

are Ancestral Puebloan, dating between 

Basketmaker II and Pueblo III (100 

B.C.E.–1300 C.E.). 

Sentinel Ruin (site number CDM155, 

also known as Tseahatso, Screen Cave, 

and Big Cave) is a multi-phase site 

located in the wall of Canyon del 

Muerto, 23m above the canyon floor and 

155m below the canyon rim. The site 

shows use from Basketmaker II through 

Pueblo III, and in the 18th and 19th 

centuries. The Basketmaker II–III 

Periods are represented by numerous 

slab-lined cists, many of which 

contained burials. Pole and mud 

structures are thought to date to 

between Basketmaker III and Pueblo I, 

based upon comparison with similar 

structures in nearby Mummy Cave. 

Three masonry room blocks with turkey 

enclosures date to Pueblo II–III. A layer 

of sheep dung represents 18th and 19th 

century Navajo use of the site. All 

burials containing datable material date 

from Basketmaker II to Pueblo III. 

During excavations at the site by the 

University of Colorado Museum in 

1924, numerous child burials were 

disturbed. Many of these individuals 

were buried with rabbit fur or turkey 

feather blankets in a manner similar to 

the human remains described in this 

notice. 

None of The Consulted Tribes viewed 

the human remains during consultations 

due to religious and personal reasons. 

Instead, photographs of the human 

remains were provided either during 

consultation or as a follow-up to 

consultations. 

Colorado River Tribes of the Colorado 

River Reservation, Arizona and 

California, representatives examined 

photos of the human remains but did 

not make any statements. 

The Hopi Tribe of Arizona 

representatives did not make any 

comments regarding the cultural 

affiliation of the human remains. At 

their request, photographs of the human 

remains were sent to the Hopi Tribe 

Cultural Preservation Office. 

Navajo Nation representatives did not 

address the cultural affiliation of the 

human remains during their 

consultation. At their request, 

photographs of the human remains were 

sent to Rena Martin at the Navajo Nation 

Preservation Department. In a letter 

from October 1997, Martin stated that 

the human remains ‘‘are culturally 

affiliated with the Navajo people and 

are the sole responsibility of the Navajo 

Nation.’’ 

Pueblo of Acoma representatives 

examined photos of the human remains, 

but were unsure of cultural affiliation. 

They stated that the human remains 

were probably Ancestral Puebloan, 

though not from Acoma. 

Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and 

Ouray Reservation representatives 

examined photos of the human remains 

and stated that the tribe encourages 

reburial of human remains at their place 

of origin, regardless of cultural 

affiliation. They made no other 

comments regarding the cultural 

affiliation of the human remains. 

Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation 

representatives examined photos of the 

human remains and stated that they 

consider the prehistoric populations of 

the Southwest to be ancestral to all 

Pueblo groups, and that the tribe 

supports reburial of human remains at 

their place of origin. 

Evidence for cultural affiliation of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

object with the Colorado River Tribes of 

the Colorado River Reservation, Arizona 

and California includes archeological 

data, expert opinion, and oral tradition. 

The Colorado River Tribes of the 

Colorado River Reservation, Arizona 

and California are composed of four 

distinct tribes: The Mohave, 

Chemehuevi, Hopi, and Navajo. 

Sentinel Ruin is located within 

traditional Hopi territory and Hopi oral 

tradition discusses clan migrations 

through the Canyon de Chelly region. 

Evidence for cultural affiliation of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

object with the Hopi Tribe of Arizona 


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Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 164 / Thursday, August 23, 2018 / Notices 42679 

includes archeological data, expert 

opinion, geographic proximity, and oral 

tradition. The Hopi Tribe of Arizona 

considers all of Arizona to be within 

traditional Hopi territory or territory 

through which Hopi clans have 

migrated. During a repatriation visit to 

the Brooklyn Museum in 2007, 

representatives from the Hopi Tribe of 

Arizona stated that they consider all 

Canyon de Chelly archeological material 

in the museum’s collection to be 

ancestral to them. 

Evidence for cultural affiliation of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

object with the Navajo Nation, Arizona, 

New Mexico & Utah includes expert 

opinion and geographic proximity. The 

Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico & 

Utah claims cultural affiliation with and 

sole responsibility for all human 

remains from the Canyon de Chelly 

region. 

Evidence for cultural affiliation of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

object with the Pueblo of Acoma 

includes expert opinion and oral 

tradition. The Pueblo of Acoma claims 

cultural affiliation with archeological 

sites within the Four Corners area. 

During their 1997 consultation visit to 

the Brooklyn Museum, the Pueblo of 

Acoma representatives stated that they 

consider Puebloan archeological 

material from Canyon del Muerto to be 

ancestral to them. 

Evidence for cultural affiliation of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

object with the Zuni Tribe of the Zuni 

Reservation, New Mexico includes 

expert opinion, geographic proximity, 

and oral tradition. The Zuni Tribe of the 

Zuni Reservation, New Mexico 

considers prehistoric populations of the 

Southwest to be ancestral to all Pueblo 

group. During their 1996 consultation, 

the tribal representatives explained that 

they do not distinguish between their 

Ancestral Puebloan ancestors and 

themselves, and referred to both as 

Zuni. 

Determinations Made by the Brooklyn 

Museum 

Officials of the Brooklyn Museum 

have determined that: 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the 

human remains described in this notice 

represent the physical remains of one 

individual of Native American ancestry. 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), 

the one object described in this notice 

is reasonably believed to have been 

placed with or near individual human 

remains at the time of death or later as 

part of the death rite or ceremony. 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there 

is a relationship of shared group 

identity that can be reasonably traced 

between the Native American human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

and the Colorado River Tribes of the 

Colorado River Reservation, Arizona 

and California; Hopi Tribe of Arizona; 

Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico & 

Utah; Pueblo of Acoma; and Zuni Tribe 

of the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico, 

hereafter referred to as ‘‘The Tribes.’’ 

Additional Requestors and Disposition 

Lineal descendants or representatives 

of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to request transfer of control 

of these human remains and associated 

funerary objects should submit a written 

request with information in support of 

the request to Nancy Rosoff, Andrew W. 

Mellon Senior Curator, Arts of the 

Americas, Brooklyn Museum, 200 

Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, NY 11238, 

telephone (718) 501–6283, email 

nancy.rosoff@brooklynmuseum.org, by 

September 24, 2018. After that date, if 

no additional requestors have come 

forward, transfer of control of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects to The Tribes may proceed. 

The Brooklyn Museum is responsible 

for notifying The Consulted Tribes that 

this notice has been published. 

Dated: July 30, 2018. 

Melanie O’Brien, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2018–18204 Filed 8–22–18; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–52–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–NPS0026058; 

PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000] 

Notice of Inventory Completion: The 

State Center Community College 

District—Fresno City College, Fresno, 

CA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: The State Center Community 

College District—Fresno City College 

has completed an inventory of human 

remains and associated funerary objects, 

in consultation with the appropriate 

Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian 

organizations, and has determined that 

there is no cultural affiliation between 

the human remains and associated 

funerary objects and any present-day 

Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian 

organizations. Representatives of any 

Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to request transfer of control 

of these human remains and associated 

funerary objects should submit a written 

request to the State Center Community 

College District—Fresno City College. If 

no additional requestors come forward, 

transfer of control of the human remains 

and associated funerary objects to the 

Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian 

organizations stated in this notice may 

proceed. 

DATES: Representatives of any Indian 

Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization 

not identified in this notice that wish to 

request transfer of control of these 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects should submit a written request 

with information in support of the 

request to the State Center Community 

College District—Fresno City College at 

the address in this notice by September 

24, 2018. 

ADDRESSES: Dr. Margaret Mericle, 

Fresno City College of The State Center 

Community College District, 1101 East 

University Avenue, Fresno, CA 93741, 

telephone (559) 442–8210, email 

peg.mericle@fresnocitycollege.edu. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is 

here given in accordance with the 

Native American Graves Protection and 

Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 

3003, of the completion of an inventory 

of human remains and associated 

funerary objects under the control of the 

State Center Community College 

District—Fresno City College, Fresno, 

CA. The human remains and associated 

funerary objects were removed from 

Fresno, Kings or Madera County, CA. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3) and 43 CFR 10.11(d). 

The determinations in this notice are 

the sole responsibility of the museum, 

institution, or Federal agency that has 

control of the Native American human 

remains and associated funerary objects. 

The National Park Service is not 

responsible for the determinations in 

this notice. 

Consultation 

A detailed assessment of the human 

remains was made by the State Center 

Community College District—Fresno 

City College professional staff in 

consultation with representatives of the 

Big Sandy Rancheria of Western Mono 

Indians of California (previously listed 

as the Big Sandy Rancheria of Mono 

Indians of California); Buena Vista 

Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of 

California; Cold Springs Rancheria of 

Mono Indians of California; Middletown 

Rancheria of Pomo Indians of California; 

Northfork Rancheria of Mono Indians of 

California; Picayune Rancheria of 

Chukchansi Indians of California; Santa 


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