# Patent

## Title
Independent power consumption management in a MIMO transceiver and method for use therewith

## Abstract

An integrated circuit (IC) includes a multi-input multi-output transceiver system that includes a plurality of RF transceivers. Each RF transceiver includes an RF transmitter that transmits a transmit signal at a selected transmit power, based on a transmit power control signal and a corresponding RF receiver for receiving a corresponding one of a plurality of received signals from an external device and for generating a signal strength indication corresponding to each of the plurality of received signals. A processing module generates the transmit power control signal for each RF transmitter based on the signal strength indication of the corresponding RF receiver, and that generates a power mode signal for adjusting a power consumption parameter of each RF transmitter in accordance with the selected transmit power for each RF transmitter.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present U.S. Utility patent application claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §120, as a continuation, to the following U.S. Utility patent application which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and made part of the present U.S. Utility patent application for all purposes:

    
    
        1. U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 13/559,078, entitled INDEPENDENT POWER CONSUMPTION MANAGEMENT IN A MIMO TRANSCEIVER AND METHOD FOR USE THEREWITH, filed Jul. 26, 2012, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,437,711 on May 7, 2013, which claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §120, as a continuation, to the following U.S. Utility patent application which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and made part of the present U.S. Utility patent application for all purposes:
        2. U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 13/337,244, entitled INDEPENDENT POWER CONSUMPTION MANAGEMENT IN A MIMO TRANSCEIVER AND METHOD FOR USE THEREWITH, filed Dec. 26, 2011, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,254,973 on Aug. 28, 2012 which claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §120, as a continuation, to the following U.S. Utility patent application which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and made part of the present U.S. Utility patent application for all purposes:
        3. U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 11/861,865, entitled INDEPENDENT POWER CONSUMPTION MANAGEMENT IN A MIMO TRANSCEIVER AND METHOD FOR USE THEREWITH, filed Sep. 26, 2007, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,107,895 on Jan. 31, 2012.
    
    


The present application is related to the following applications:

    
    
        1. POWER CONSUMPTION MANAGEMENT IN A MIMO TRANSCEIVER AND METHOD FOR USE THEREWITH, having Ser. No. 11/860,355, filed on Sep. 24, 2007, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,978,621 on Jul. 12, 2011; and
        2. POWER CONSUMPTION MANAGEMENT AND DATA RATE CONTROL BASED ON TRANSMIT POWER AND METHOD FOR USE THEREWITH, having Ser. No. 11/860,623, filed on Sep. 25, 2007, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,949,315, on May 24, 2011;

the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto.

    
    




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Technical Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to mobile communication devices and more particularly to a circuit for managing power in an RF integrated circuit.
2. Description of Related Art
As is known, integrated circuits are used in a wide variety of products including, but certainly not limited to, portable electronic devices, computers, computer networking equipment, home entertainment, automotive controls and features, and home appliances. As is also known, integrated circuits include a plurality of circuits in a very small space to perform one or more fixed or programmable functions.
Power management can be an important consideration for electronic devices, particularly for mobile devices that operate from battery power. Lowering the power consumption of a device can increase battery life, or conversely, can potentially decrease the size of the battery that is required, with a corresponding decrease in weight and size.
The advantages of the present invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art when presented with the disclosure herein.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to apparatus and methods of operation that are further described in the following Brief Description of the Drawings, the Detailed Description of the Invention, and the claims. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention made with reference to the accompanying drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a communication system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of another communication system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an integrated circuit in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an integrated circuit in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RF front end in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a radio transmitter front-end in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a power amplifier in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of another power amplifier in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of power management circuitry in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of power management circuitry in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of power management circuitry in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of power management circuitry in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a bottom view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 27 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 28 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 29 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 30 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 31 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 32 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 33 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 34 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 35 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention; and
FIG. 36 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a communication system in accordance with the present invention. In particular a communication system is shown that includes a communication device 10 that communicates real-time data 24 and/or non-real-time data 26 wirelessly with one or more other devices such as base station 18, non-real-time device 20, real-time device 22, and non-real-time and/or real-time device 24. In addition, communication device 10 can also optionally communicate over a wireline connection with non-real-time device 12, real-time device 14, non-real-time and/or real-time device 16.
In an embodiment of the present invention the wireline connection 28 can be a wired connection that operates in accordance with one or more standard protocols, such as a universal serial bus (USB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 488, IEEE 1394 (Firewire), Ethernet, small computer system interface (SCSI), serial or parallel advanced technology attachment (SATA or PATA), or other wired communication protocol, either standard or proprietary. The wireless connection can communicate in accordance with a wireless network protocol such as IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), WIMAX, or other wireless network protocol, a wireless telephony data/voice protocol such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE), Personal Communication Services (PCS), or other mobile wireless protocol or other wireless communication protocol, either standard or proprietary. Further, the wireless communication path can include separate transmit and receive paths that use separate carrier frequencies and/or separate frequency channels. Alternatively, a single frequency or frequency channel can be used to bi-directionally communicate data to and from the communication device 10.
Communication device 10 can be a mobile phone such as a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant, game console, personal computer, laptop computer, or other device that performs one or more functions that include communication of voice and/or data via wireline connection 28 and/or the wireless communication path. In an embodiment of the present invention, the real-time and non-real-time devices 12, 14, 18, 20, 22 and 24 can be personal computers, laptops, PDAs, mobile phones, such as cellular telephones, devices equipped with wireless local area network or Bluetooth transceivers, FM tuners, TV tuners, digital cameras, digital camcorders, or other devices that either produce, process or use audio, video signals or other data or communications.
In operation, the communication device includes one or more applications that include voice communications such as standard telephony applications, voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) applications, local gaming, Internet gaming, email, instant messaging, multimedia messaging, web browsing, audio/video recording, audio/video playback, audio/video downloading, playing of streaming audio/video, office applications such as databases, spreadsheets, word processing, presentation creation and processing and other voice and data applications. In conjunction with these applications, the real-time data 26 includes voice, audio, video and multimedia applications including Internet gaming, etc. The non-real-time data 24 includes text messaging, email, web browsing, file uploading and downloading, etc.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the communication device 10 includes an integrated circuit, such as a combined voice, data and RF integrated circuit that includes one or more features or functions of the present invention. Such integrated circuits shall be described in greater detail in association with FIGS. 3-27 that follow.
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of another communication system in accordance with the present invention. In particular, FIG. 2 presents a communication system that includes many common elements of FIG. 1 that are referred to by common reference numerals. Communication device 30 is similar to communication device 10 and is capable of any of the applications, functions and features attributed to communication device 10, as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 1. However, communication device 30 includes two separate wireless transceivers for communicating, contemporaneously, via two or more wireless communication protocols with data device 32 and/or data base station 34 via RF data 40 and voice base station 36 and/or voice device 38 via RF voice signals 42.
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an integrated circuit in accordance with the present invention. In particular, an RF integrated circuit (IC) 50 is shown that implements communication device 10 in conjunction with microphone 60, keypad/keyboard 58, memory 54, speaker 62, display 56, camera 76, antenna interface 52 and wireline port 64. In addition, RF IC 50 includes a transceiver 73 with RF and baseband modules for formatting and modulating data into RF real-time data 26 and non-real-time data 24 and transmitting this data via an antenna interface 72 and an antenna. Further, RF IC 50 includes an input/output module 71 with appropriate encoders and decoders for communicating via the wireline connection 28 via wireline port 64, an optional memory interface for communicating with off-chip memory 54, a codec for encoding voice signals from microphone 60 into digital voice signals, a keypad/keyboard interface for generating data from keypad/keyboard 58 in response to the actions of a user, a display driver for driving display 56, such as by rendering a color video signal, text, graphics, or other display data, and an audio driver such as an audio amplifier for driving speaker 62 and one or more other interfaces, such as for interfacing with the camera 76 or the other peripheral devices.
Off-chip power management circuit 95 includes one or more DC-DC converters, voltage regulators, current regulators or other power supplies for supplying the RF IC 50 and optionally the other components of communication device 10 and/or its peripheral devices with supply voltages and or currents (collectively power supply signals) that may be required to power these devices. Off-chip power management circuit 95 can operate from one or more batteries, line power and/or from other power sources, not shown. In particular, off-chip power management module can selectively supply power supply signals of different voltages, currents or current limits or with adjustable voltages, currents or current limits in response to power mode signals received from the RF IC 50. RF IC 50 optionally includes an on-chip power management circuit 95′ for replacing the off-chip power management circuit 95.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the RF IC 50 is a system on a chip integrated circuit that includes at least one processing device. Such a processing device, for instance, processing module 225, may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. The associated memory may be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices that are either on-chip or off-chip such as memory 54. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when the processing module 225 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the associated memory storing the corresponding operational instructions for this circuitry is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry.
In operation, the RF IC 50 executes operational instructions that implement one or more of the applications (real-time or non-real-time) attributed to communication devices 10 and 30 as discussed in conjunction with FIGS. 1 and 2. Further, RF IC 50 includes power management features in accordance with the present invention that will be discussed in greater detail in association with FIGS. 5-27.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an integrated circuit in accordance with the present invention. In particular, FIG. 4 presents a communication device 30 that includes many common elements of FIG. 3 that are referred to by common reference numerals. RF IC 70 is similar to RF IC 50 and is capable of any of the applications, functions and features attributed to RF IC 50 as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 3. However, RF IC 70 includes two separate wireless transceivers 73 and 75 for communicating, contemporaneously, via two or more wireless communication protocols via RF data 40 and RF voice signals 42.
In operation, the RF IC 70 executes operational instructions that implement one or more of the applications (real-time or non-real-time) attributed to communication device 10 as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 1. Further, RF IC 70 includes power management features in accordance with the present invention that will be discussed in greater detail in association with FIGS. 5-27.
FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an RF transceiver 125, such as transceiver 73 or 75, which may be incorporated in communication devices 10 and/or 30. The RF transceiver 125 includes an RF transmitter 129, an RF receiver 127 that operate in accordance with a wireless local area network protocol, a pico area network protocol, a wireless telephony protocol, a wireless data protocol, or other protocol. The RF receiver 127 includes a RF front end 140, a down conversion module 142, and a receiver processing module 144. The RF transmitter 129 includes a transmitter processing module 146, an up conversion module 148, and a radio transmitter front-end 150.
As shown, the receiver and transmitter are each coupled to an antenna through an off-chip antenna interface 171 and a diplexer (duplexer) 177, that couples the transmit signal 155 to the antenna to produce outbound RF signal 170 and couples inbound RF signal 152 to produce received signal 153. While a single antenna is represented, the receiver and transmitter may each employ separate antennas or share a multiple antenna structure that includes two or more antennas. In another embodiment, the receiver and transmitter may share a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna structure that includes a plurality of antennas. Each antenna may be fixed, programmable, an antenna array or other antenna configuration. Accordingly, the antenna structure of the wireless transceiver will depend on the particular standard(s) to which the wireless transceiver is compliant and the applications thereof.
In operation, the transmitter receives outbound data 162 from a host device or other source via the transmitter processing module 146. The transmitter processing module 146 processes the outbound data 162 in accordance with a particular wireless communication standard (e.g., IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, RFID, GSM, CDMA, et cetera) to produce baseband or low intermediate frequency (IF) transmit (TX) signals 164. The baseband or low IF TX signals 164 may be digital baseband signals (e.g., have a zero IF) or digital low IF signals, where the low IF typically will be in a frequency range of one hundred kilohertz to a few megahertz. Note that the processing performed by the transmitter processing module 146 includes, but is not limited to, scrambling, encoding, puncturing, mapping, modulation, and/or digital baseband to IF conversion. Further note that the transmitter processing module 146 may be implemented using a shared processing device, individual processing devices, or a plurality of processing devices and may further include memory. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. The memory may be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when the processing module 146 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory storing the corresponding operational instructions is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry.
The up conversion module 148 includes a digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) module, a filtering and/or gain module, and a mixing section. The DAC module converts the baseband or low IF TX signals 164 from the digital domain to the analog domain. The filtering and/or gain module filters and/or adjusts the gain of the analog signals prior to providing it to the mixing section. The mixing section converts the analog baseband or low IF signals into up converted signals 166 based on a transmitter local oscillation 168.
The radio transmitter front end 150 includes a power amplifier and may also include a transmit filter module. The power amplifier amplifies the up converted signals 166 to produce outbound RF signals 170, which may be filtered by the transmitter filter module, if included. The antenna structure transmits the outbound RF signals 170 to a targeted device such as a RF tag, base station, an access point and/or another wireless communication device via an antenna interface 171 coupled to an antenna that provides impedance matching and optional bandpass filtration.
The receiver receives inbound RF signals 152 via the antenna and off-chip antenna interface 171 that operates to process the inbound RF signal 152 into received signal 153 for the receiver front-end 140. In general, antenna interface 171 provides impedance matching of antenna to the RF front-end 140 and optional bandpass filtration of the inbound RF signal 152.
The down conversion module 142 includes a mixing section, an analog to digital conversion (ADC) module, and may also include a filtering and/or gain module. The mixing section converts the desired RF signal 154 into a down converted signal 156 that is based on a receiver local oscillation, such as an analog baseband or low IF signal. The ADC module converts the analog baseband or low IF signal into a digital baseband or low IF signal. The filtering and/or gain module high pass and/or low pass filters the digital baseband or low IF signal to produce a baseband or low IF signal 156. Note that the ordering of the ADC module and filtering and/or gain module may be switched, such that the filtering and/or gain module is an analog module.
The receiver processing module 144 processes the baseband or low IF signal 156 in accordance with a particular wireless communication standard (e.g., IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, RFID, GSM, CDMA, et cetera) to produce inbound data 160. The processing performed by the receiver processing module 144 can include, but is not limited to, digital intermediate frequency to baseband conversion, demodulation, demapping, depuncturing, decoding, and/or descrambling. Note that the receiver processing modules 144 may be implemented using a shared processing device, individual processing devices, or a plurality of processing devices and may further include memory. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. The memory may be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when the receiver processing module 144 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory storing the corresponding operational instructions is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry.
In operation, processing module 225 generates a transmit power control signal 169 based on an AGC signal 141 from receiver front-end 140. RF transmitter 129, in turn, generates a transmit signal 155 having a selected power level, wherein the selected power level is based on the transmit power control signal 169. If, for instance, RF transceiver 125 is communicating with an external device and is receiving an inbound RF signal 152 with high signal strength, the strength of received signal 153 will generate an AGC signal 141 that controls the gain of the RF front-end lower and that can be used by processing module 225, via transmit power control signal 169, to select a lower power level for transmit signal 155. This can conserve power and possibly battery life, when the device that incorporates RF transceiver 125 is a mobile communication device, and can help reduce interference for other stations in range of RF transceiver 125 that may be communicating with the same access point or base station or that may otherwise be using the same spectrum.
Similarly, if for instance, RF transceiver 125 is communicating with an external device and is receiving an inbound RF signal 152 with low signal strength, the strength of received signal 153 will generate an AGC signal 141 that controls the gain of the RF front-end higher and that can be used by processing module 225, via transmit power control signal 169, to select a higher power level for transmit signal 155. This can help outbound RF signal 170 reach an external device that may be distant, or that has an obstructed communication path to RF transceiver 125.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing module 225 adjusts the transmit power control signal 169 based on the AGC signal 141. For instance, the processing module 225 can include hardware, firmware or software that, via a look-up table or algorithm, generates a transmit power control signal 169 corresponding to a desired power level based on the value of the AGC signal 141. In particular, RF transmitter 129 may be capable of operating at one of a plurality of power levels (such as low, medium, high or a greater number of levels), and the processing module 225 can generate the transmit power control signal by comparing the AGC signal to a corresponding plurality of thresholds to control the transmit power in accordance with the received signal strength.
In addition, the processing module 225 can include a filter or use other filtration to generate a filtered AGC signal and to adjust the transmit power control signal 169 in response to the filtered AGC signal. In this situation, the transmit power can be controlled to adjust to slower changes in the AGC signal to avoid rapid fluctuations in the received signal.
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RF front end in accordance with the present invention. In particular, RF front end 140 includes an AGC module 336 that generates an automatic gain control (AGC) signal 141 based on a strength of the received signal 153 and a low noise amplifier 330, coupled to the AGC module, that amplifies the received signal 153 based on the AGC signal 141 to produce an amplified received signal such as desired RF signal 154. It should be noted that AGC module 336 operates by responding to the signal strength, energy or power in the received signal to control the gain of the low noise amplifier 330 to a level that amplifies the signal, but avoids clipping or saturation of the low noise amplifier 330. AGC signal 141 can be an analog signal, a discrete time signal or a digital signal that is used by processing module 225 as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a radio transmitter front-end in accordance with the present invention. In particular, radio transmitter front-end 150 is shown that includes a power amplifier 180 that produces transmit signal 155 from up-converted signal 166. In an embodiment of the present invention, power amplifier 180 includes at least one adjustable gain amplifier having a transmit gain that is based on the transmit power control signal 169. In this fashion, the power level of transmit signal 155 can be selected or adjusted to a desired level, based on the transmit power control signal 169. In a particular implementation, power amplifier 180 can operate at one of a plurality of power levels as selected by transmit power control signal 169. Further, power supply signals 192, can either be static or adjustable to one of a plurality of power modes to supply the necessary power to power amplifier 180 based on the selected power level.
For example, power amplifier 180 can operate in a plurality of power levels such as in a low, medium and high or to a greater number of levels. The supply voltage or current limit of power supply signals 192 can be modified by the power management circuit 95 or 95′ and/or additional power supply signals 192 can be supplied, based on the selected mode of operation. A high current limit and/or high voltage can correspond to a high power mode. A medium current limit and/or medium supply voltage can correspond to the medium power mode. Further, a low current limit and/or low supply voltage can correspond to the low power mode.
FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a power amplifier in accordance with the present invention. In this embodiment power amplifier 180 is implemented with a plurality of separate power amplifier stages 182, 184, 186, etc. These series configured power amplifier stages are powered separately by power supply signals 192 that may have different supply voltage and/or current limits. A switching network 190 couples the transmit signal 155 from the power amplifiers 182, 184, 186, etc. in response to the transmit power control signal 169.
In a low power mode, power supply signals 192 supply power to only power amplifier 182 designed for low power operation) and not to power amplifiers 184 and 186, etc. The switching network 190 couples the output 183 of power amplifier 182 as the transmit signal 155. This reduces power consumption of the circuit in this low power mode. In a medium power mode, the output 183 of power amplifier 182 is amplified again by power amplifier 184 to produce output 185 that is coupled by switching network 190 as transmit signal 155. In this medium power mode, only power amplifiers 182 and 184 are fed power supply signals 192 from the power management circuit 95 or 95′ with the other power amplifiers left unpowered. As can be seen, additional power modes can power more or all of the power amplifier stages to supply greater output power. Only those output stages in use are powered by power supply signals 192 in order to conserve power.
FIG. 9 is schematic block diagram of an embodiment of another power amplifier in accordance with the present invention. In this embodiment, a parallel configuration of power amplifiers 182, 184 and 186 are presented, each corresponding to a separate power level. For instance, power amplifier 182 can operate at a low power range of −50 to −15 db, power amplifier 184 can operate at a medium power range of −15 to +10 db and power amplifier 186 can operate at a high power range of +10 to +28 db. With each range corresponding to a separate power mode, the particular power mode can be selected based on the desired power range. In operation, the corresponding power amplifier is supplied power by the corresponding one of the power supply signals 192 (having a corresponding supply voltage and/or current limit) with its output coupled as transmit signal 155 by switching network 194. The other power amplifiers can be left unpowered in order to conserve power.
FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention. In particular RF transceiver 125, such as transceiver 73 or 75, is shown in a further embodiment that includes similar elements that are referred to by common reference numerals. In this embodiment, processing module 225 optionally generates transmit power control signal 169 but also generates power mode signal 165, based on the AGC signal 141, that can be used for adjusting a power consumption parameter of the RF IC 50 or 70, such as a power supply voltage or current used generally or a specific power supply signal used in powering either the RF receiver 127 or the RF transmitter 129.
For instance, a lower power mode can be selected for the RF transmitter based 129 in the event that the AGC signal 141 indicates a strong received signal 153 from an external device corresponding to a desired lower power consumption and a lower power level for transmit signal 155. In addition, to reducing the transmit power level, one or more power consumption parameters of the power supply signals can be adjusted in response to power mode signal 165. In an example, power supply signals 192 can be adjusted by adding or removing a power supply signal, for instance, as discussed in conjunction with FIGS. 8 and 9. Further power supply signals 192 can be adjusting a power supply voltage or current to the appropriate transmit power level.
In addition or in the alternative, power consumption parameters of the RF receiver, the processor or other modules of RF IC 50 or 70 can be adjusted in response to power mode signal 165. For example, a power supply voltage or current used to power the RF receiver 127 can be adjusted based on the expected power consumption of the RF receiver 127 determined from the AGC signal 141.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing module 225 adjusts the power mode signal 165 based on the AGC signal 141. For instance, the processing module 225 can include hardware, firmware or software that, via a look-up table or algorithm, generates a power mode signal 165 corresponding to a desired power consumption parameters, based on the value of the AGC signal 141.
FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of power management circuitry in accordance with the present invention. In particular, selected modules of RF IC 50 or 70 are shown that include RF transceiver 125, processing module 225, memory module 230, and clock signal generator 202. In an embodiment of the present invention, memory module 230 stores a least one application, such as application 232 and/or application 234 that may include any of the applications discussed in conjunction with FIGS. 1-4, as well as other interface applications, system utilities, or other programs executed by processing module 225 to perform the functions and features of communication device 10 or 30. These applications are stored in memory module 230 and/or an off-chip memory such as memory 54, as a plurality of operational instructions.
Off-chip power management circuit 95 receives the power mode signal 165 as part of power mode signals 208 and generates a plurality of power supply signals 204 to power off-chip modules and on-chip modules as these modules are in use such as transmitter power supply signal 252 and receiver supply signal 250. As discussed in conjunction with FIG. 10, transmitter supply signal 252 and or receiver supply signal 250 can be adjusted based on the power mode signal 165 and the current power mode. For example, the various power modes of RF transmitter 129 can include a low, medium and high power ranges of power levels. Power mode signal 165, included in power mode signals 208, can inform the off-chip power management circuit of the selected power mode of the RF transmitter 129 so that off-chip power management circuit 95 can supply the necessary power supply signals 204 to meet the power demands of the selected mode of operation. This methodology allows power to be generated for the RF transmitter and/or the transmitter, only as required to address the current power mode in use.
Also, if communication device 10 or 30 is using certain peripheral devices and/or certain interfaces or modules at a given time, off-chip power management circuit 95 can be commanded to supply only those power supply signals 204 that are required based on the peripheral devices, interfaces and/or other modules that are in use. Further, if a USB device is coupled to wireline port 64, then a power mode command can be sent to off-chip power management module 95 to generate a power supply signal 204 that supplies a power supply voltage, (such as a 5 volt, 8 milliamp supply voltage) to the wireline port 64 in order to power the USB device or devices connected thereto. In another example, if the communication device 10 includes a mobile communication device that operates in accordance with a GSM or EDGE wireless protocol, the off-chip power management circuit 95 can generate supply voltages for the baseband and RF modules of the transceiver only when the transceiver is operating.
Further, peripheral devices, such as the camera 76, memory 54, keypad/keyboard 58, microphone 60, display 56, and speaker 62 can be powered when these peripheral devices are attached (to the extent that they can be detached) and to the extent that these devices are currently in use by the application.
The power management features of the present invention operate based on the processing module determining, for the current application being executed with corresponding current use characteristics, the current power mode of a plurality of power modes. In particular, processing module 225 when executing the application, can select a current power mode based on current use characteristics of the application as well as the AGC signal 141 and generate a power mode signal 208 based on the selected power modes. In an embodiment of the present invention, processing module 225 maintains a register that indicates for a plurality of modules, interfaces and/or peripheral devices either, whether that device is currently being used or a power flag, such as power off, power on, high power, low power, medium power, etc, for that particular device, module and/or interface (when these devices are themselves capable in operating in different power modes). In addition, processing module, via look-up table, calculation or other processing routine, determines power mode 208 by determining the particular power supply signals required to be generated based on the devices in use and optionally their own power states.
The off-chip power management circuit 95 can be implemented as a multi-output programmable power supply, that receives the power mode signal 208 and generates and optionally routes the power supply signals 204 to particular ports, pins or pads of RF IC 50 or 70 or directly to peripheral devices via a switch matrix, as commanded based on the power mode signal. In an embodiment of the present invention, the power mode signal 208 is decoded by the off-chip power management module to determine the particular power supply signals to be generated, and optionally—their characteristics such as voltage, current and/or current limit. As shown, RF IC 50 or 70 optionally generates a clock signal 206 via clock signal generator 202, or otherwise couples a clock signal 206 generated off-chip to the off-chip power management circuit 95. The off-chip power management circuit 95 operates based on the clock signal 206.
In an embodiment of the present invention, RF IC 50 or 70 couples the power mode signal 208 to the off-chip power management circuit 95 via one or more dedicated digital lines that comprise a parallel interface. Further, the RF IC 50 or 70 can couple the power mode signal 208 to the off-chip power management circuit via a serial communication interface such as an I2C interface, serial/deserializer (SERDES) interface or other serial interface.
FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of power management circuitry in accordance with the present invention. This embodiment includes similar elements described in conjunction with FIG. 11 that are referred to by common reference numerals. In particular, on-chip power management circuit 95′ includes one or more DC-DC converters, voltage regulators, current regulators or other power supplies for supplying the RF IC 50 or 70, and optionally the other components of communication device 10 and/or its peripheral devices with supply voltages and or currents (collectively power supply signals) that may be required to power these devices. On-chip power management circuit 95′ can operate from one or more batteries, line power and/or from other power sources, not shown. In particular, on-chip power management module 95′ can selectively supply power supply signals of different voltages, currents or current limits or with adjustable voltages, currents or current limits in response to power mode signals 208 received from processing module 225. In this fashion, on-chip power management circuit 95′ operates as off-chip power management module 95, but on an on-chip basis.
FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention. In particular RF transceiver 125, such as transceiver 73 or 75, is shown in a further embodiment that includes similar elements that are referred to by common reference numerals. In this embodiment, processing module 225 generates transmit power control signal 169 and generates power mode signal 165, in response to transmit power control data 143 received via inbound RF signal 152 and received signal 153. In this fashion, an external device such as a base station, access point or other remote station can provide transmit power control data 143 to the RF transceiver in response to the operating environment of the RF transceiver, reception characteristics, etc.
FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of power management circuitry in accordance with the present invention. This embodiment includes similar elements described in conjunction with FIG. 11 that are referred to by common reference numerals. In this embodiment however, power mode signals 208 include power mode signal 165 that is generated based on transmit power control data 143 received by receiver 127 from an external device. For instance, should the external device, based on its reception of signals from RF transceiver 125 and/or from other devices, determine that RF transceiver 125 should increase or decrease its transmit power or to cease transmitting altogether, the external device can generate transmit power control data 143 that is sent via inbound RF signal 152 to RF transceiver 125 as control data, payload data or other signaling. In response, RF transceiver 125 receives and decodes the transmit power control data 143 and processing module 225 generates transmit power control signal 169 that is sent to RF transmitter front end 150 to adjust the transmit power level and power mode signal 165 that is sent to the power management unit 95 or 95′ to adjust the transmitter supply signal 252 in accordance with the particular transmit power level that has been selected.
FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of power management circuitry in accordance with the present invention. This embodiment includes similar elements described in conjunction with FIGS. 12 and 14 that are referred to by common reference numerals. In particular, on-chip power management circuit 95′ includes one or more DC-DC converters, voltage regulators, current regulators or other power supplies for supplying the RF IC 50 or 70, and optionally the other components of communication device 10 and/or its peripheral devices with supply voltages and or currents (collectively power supply signals) that may be required to power these devices. On-chip power management circuit 95′ can operate from one or more batteries, line power and/or from other power sources, not shown as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 12.
FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a configuration is shown for transceiver 73 and/or 75 that includes multiple RF transceivers 350, such as a RF transceiver 125, that transmits outbound data 162 via each transceiver 350 and that can operate as a MIMO transceiver generating inbound data 160 by combining inbound data from each of the transceivers 350 via maximum ratio recombination or other processing technique, or operate as communication device 30 that includes separate transceivers operating in accordance with different protocols. Each transceiver includes a RF transmitter, such as RF transmitter 129, and an RF receiver, such as RF receiver 127 that share a common antenna, that share a common antenna structure that includes multiple antennas or that that employ separate antennas for the transmitter and receiver. In this configuration, processing module 225 generates transmit power control signals 169, 169′, etc. and power mode signals 208 based on transmit power control data 147, 147′, etcetera, received from each of the transceivers 350.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the transmit power control data 147, 147′ can include AGC signal 141 or transmit power control data 143 as previously described. In addition, transmit power control data 147 can be generated based on a signal strength, a power selection command, reception data or other data received from an external device such as a base station, access point or other communication device that indicates how well transmission from the transceiver 350 has been received or otherwise indicates or commands a transmit power level for transceiver 350 based on interference with transmissions from other devices, power savings or other factors. Further or in the alternative, transmit power control data 147, 147′ can be a bit error rate, packet error rate, retransmit rate, signal strength including signal power or signal energy that is generated locally by transceiver 350 based on the reception of inbound RF data by transceiver 350.
In an embodiment of the present invention, processing module 225 includes hardware, firmware or software to generate transmit power control signals 169, 169′ and power mode signals 208 for controlling the receiver supply signals and transmitter supply signals 252 for each transceiver 350 based on the an analysis of the transmit power control data 147 from each transceiver 350.
In one example suited for a MIMO configuration, processing module 225 can generate an AGC composite signal based on the AGC signals from each transceiver 350. For instance, the processing module 225 can compare the AGC signals 141, etc. from each of the plurality of transceivers 350 and determine a lowest gain AGC signal that corresponds to a highest strength of the plurality of received signals received by the transceivers 350. In this example, the processing module can generate the power mode signal 165 based on the lowest gain AGC signal. In other examples, the processing module can generate the AGC composite signal based on the mean, median or mode of the AGC signals 141 or via other combination or selection. In this example, the processing module 225 can generate the transmit power control signal 169, 169′, etc. to control the transmit power levels of the transceivers 350 to a single common value based on the composite AGC signal, and generate power mode signals 208 to control the receiver supply signals 250 and transmitter supply signals 252 to corresponding levels, based either on the composite AGC signal or based on the value of the transmit power level that was selected. In this fashion, each transceiver 350 transmits at the same power level, and has the same power consumption parameters, based on the highest gain received signal, or some averaging of the AGC signals 141, etc. As will be understood, other forms of transmit power control data 147, as discussed above, can likewise be used from each of the transceivers 350 to control the transmit power levels and consumption parameters for each of the transceivers to common values.
It should also be noted that processing module 225 can generate transmit power control signals 169, 169′ and power mode signals 208 for controlling the receiver supply signals and transmitter supply signals 252 for each transceiver 350 based on the an analysis of the transmit power control data 147 from less than all of the transceivers 350. If for instance, two transceivers 350 operate under different protocols but share a common frequency band, such as a Bluetooth transceiver and a WLAN transceiver, a command to reduce power level received via the Bluetooth receiver as transmit power control data 147 could be used by processing module 225 to reduce the transmit power level for all transceivers 350 that share that same frequency band. In other examples, transmit power control data received via a wireless telephony transceiver such as a GSM transceiver could be used to control the transmit power level of an associated WLAN transceiver or Bluetooth transceiver, etcetera, with commensurate changes to power consumption parameters of the power supplies signals that feed these devices.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the processing module selects transmit power levels and power consumption parameters for the transceivers 350 independently, based on the transmit power control data 147 or 147′ of that particular transceiver. In other words, the independent values of the power level selected for the RF transmitter of each of the plurality of transceivers 350 are based on the transmit power control data from the RF receivers from the same RF transceiver. For example, if transmit power control data 147 corresponds to a medium signal strength and transmit power control data 147′ corresponds to a high signal strength, transmit power control signal 169 can be chosen to correspond to a medium power level and transmit power control signal 169′ can be chosen to correspond to a high power level, with power mode signals 208 controlling the transmitter supply signals 252 individually to the transceivers 350 in a fashion to supply the voltage and current necessary to operate at these two power levels.
FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a configuration is shown for transceiver 73 and/or 75 that includes similar elements to FIG. 16 that are referred to by common reference numerals. In this embodiment multiple RF transceivers 350, such as a RF transceiver 125, operate as a MIMO transceiver that transmits outbound data 162 via each transceiver 350 and that generates inbound data 160 by combining inbound data from each of the transceivers 350 via maximum ratio recombination or other processing technique. In this configuration, processing module 225 generates transmit power control signals 169, 169′, etc. based on signal strength indications 139, 139′, etcetera, received from each of the transceivers 350 and the power mode signals 208 in accordance with the selected transmit power for each transceiver 350. The signal strength indications 139 and 139′ can be a bit error rate, packet error rate, retransmit rate, signal power, signal energy or other indication of signal strength that is generated locally by transceiver 350 based on the reception of inbound RF data by transceiver 350.
In this embodiment, processing module 225 selects transmit power levels for the transceivers 350 independently, based on the signal strength indication 139 or 139′ of that particular transceiver. In other words, the independent values of the power level selected for the RF transmitter of each of the plurality of transceivers 350 are based on the signal strength indication from the RF receivers from the same RF transceiver. In this case, the processing module 225 generates the transmit power control signals 169, 169′ for each RF transceiver 350 to control the selected power level of at least one RF transceiver 350 to a first value and the selected power level of at least one other RF transceiver 350 to a second value.
For example, if signal strength indication 139 corresponds to a medium signal strength and signal strength indication 139′ corresponds to a high signal strength, transmit power control signal 169 can be chosen to correspond to a medium power level and transmit power control signal 169′ can be chosen to correspond to a high power level, with power mode signals 208 controlling the transmitter supply signals 252 individually to the transceivers 350 in a fashion to supply the voltage and current necessary to operate at these two power levels.
FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RF transceiver in accordance with the present invention. In particular RF transceiver 125, such as transceiver 73 or 75, is shown in a further embodiment that includes similar elements that are referred to by common reference numerals. In this embodiment, RF transmitter 129 transmits a transmit signal 155 at a selectable transmit power based on a transmit power control signal 169 and at a selectable data rate based on a transmit data rate signal 167 supplied to transmitter processing module 146, and incorporated into the data rate of baseband or low IF transmit signal 164. The processing module, in turn, generates the transmit data rate signal 167 based on a value of the transmit power control signal 169. In this fashion, when signal strength indication 139 or transmit power control data 147 from either RF front-end 140 or receiver processing module 144, indicates to processing module 225 that the transmit power level of RF transmitter 129 should be adjusted, transmit data rate signal 167 can also be generated to adjust the data rate to adapt to the new transmit power level. For instance, when a command is received to reduce the transmit power level from an external device, due to reduce possible interference, the transmit data rate can be reduced to avoid loss of data and potentially provide greater data throughput, based on this reduced power level.
FIG. 19 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an embodiment of an integrated circuit package in accordance with the present invention. Voice data and RF IC 325, such as RF IC 50 or 70, includes a system on a chip (SoC) die 300, a memory die 302 a substrate 306, bonding pads 308 and power management unit (PMU) 304, such as on-chip power management circuit 95′. This figure is not drawn to scale, rather it is meant to be a pictorial representation that illustrates the juxtaposition of the SoC die 300, memory die 302, PMU 304 and the bonding pads 308. In particular, the voice data and RF IC 325 is integrated in a package with a top and a bottom having a plurality of bonding pads 308 to connect the voice data and RF IC 325 to a circuit board, and wherein the on-chip power management unit 304 is integrated along the bottom of the package. In an embodiment of the present invention, die 302 includes the memory module 230 and die 300 includes the processing module 225. These dies are stacked and die bonding is employed to connect these two circuits and minimize the number of bonding pads, (balls) out to the package. Both SoC die 300 and memory die 302 are coupled to respective ones of the bonding pads 308 via bonding wires or other connections.
PMU 304 is coupled to the SoC die 300, and/or the memory die 302 via conductive vias, bonding wires, bonding pads or by other connections. The positioning of the PMU on the bottom of the package in a flip chip configuration allows good heat dissipation of the PMU 304 to a circuit board when the voice data and RF integrated circuit is installed.
FIG. 20 is a bottom view of a pictorial representation of an embodiment of an integrated circuit package in accordance with the present invention. As shown, the bonding pads (balls) 308 are arrayed in an area of the bottom of the integrated circuit with an open center portion 310 and wherein the on-chip power management unit (PMU 304) is integrated in the open center portion. While a particular pattern and number of bonding pads 308 are shown, a greater or lesser number of bonding pads can likewise be employed with alternative configurations within the broad scope of the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-20. In step 400,
a received signal is received from an external device. In step 402, an automatic gain control (AGC) signal is generated based on a strength of the received signal. In step 404, the received signal is amplified based on the AGC signal. In step 406, a transmit power control signal is generated based on the AGC signal. In step 408, a transmit signal is generated at a selected power level, wherein the selected power level is based on the transmit power control signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step 406 can include comparing the AGC signal to a plurality of thresholds. Step 408 can include adjusting a transmit gain of at least one adjustable gain amplifier based on the transmit power control signal, selecting at least one of a plurality of series configured power amplifiers based on the transmit power control signal or selecting at least one of a plurality of parallel configured power amplifiers based on the transmit power control signal and can operate in accordance with at least one of, a wireless local area network protocol, a pico area network protocol, a wireless telephony protocol, and a wireless data protocol. Step 400 can operate in accordance with at least one of, a wireless local area network protocol, a pico area network protocol, a wireless telephony protocol, and a wireless data protocol.
FIG. 22 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIG. 21. In step 410, the transmit power control signal is adjusted based on the AGC signal.
FIG. 23 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 21-22. In step 420, the AGC signal is filtered to generate a filtered AGC signal. In step 422, the transmit power control signal is adjusted in response to the filtered AGC signal.
FIG. 24 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-23. In step 430, a received signal is received from an external device. In step 432, an automatic gain control (AGC) signal is generated based on a strength of the received signal. In step 434, the received signal is amplified based on the AGC signal. In step 436, a power mode signal is generated based on the AGC signal. In step 438, a power consumption parameter of an IC is adjusted, based on the power mode signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step 438 can include generating a plurality of power supply signals based on the power mode signal, generating an additional transmitter power supply signal, generating a first transmitter power supply signal having a first current limit in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second current limit in response to a second value of the power mode signal and/or generating a first transmitter power supply signal having a first supply voltage in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second supply voltage in response to a second value of the power mode signal. The power consumption parameter can include a power supply voltage and/or a power supply current.
Step 436 can include comparing the AGC signal to a plurality of thresholds and/or filtering the AGC signal to generate a filtered AGC signal and adjusting the power mode signal in response to the filtered AGC signal.
Step 430 can selectively operate in accordance with at least two of, a wireless local area network protocol, a pico area network protocol, a wireless telephony protocol, and a wireless data protocol.
FIG. 25 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIG. 24. In step 440, a transmit signal is generated in a selected one of a plurality of operating ranges based on the power mode signal.
FIG. 26 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-25. In step 450, a transmit signal is transmitted at a selectable transmit power, based on a transmit power control signal. In step 452, a received signal is received from an external device, the received signal including transmit power control data. In step 454, the transmit power control signal is generated based on the transmit power control data. In step 456 a power mode signal is generated based on the transmit power control data. In step 458, a power consumption parameter of at least one of, an RF receiver and an RF transmitter, is generated based on the power mode signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention the power consumption parameter includes a power supply voltage and/or power supply current. Step 458 can include generating a first transmitter power supply signal having a first current limit in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second current limit in response to a second value of the power mode signal, generating a first transmitter power supply signal having a first supply voltage in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second supply voltage in response to a second value of the power mode signal, generating a first receiver power supply signal having a first current limit in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second receiver power supply signal having a second current limit in response to a second value of the power mode signal, and/or generating a first receiver power supply signal having a first supply voltage in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second receiver power supply signal having a second supply voltage in response to a second value of the power mode signal.
Step 452 can operate in accordance with at least one of, a wireless local area network protocol, a pico area network protocol, a wireless telephony protocol, and a wireless data protocol.
FIG. 27 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-26. In step 460, a received signal is received using an RF receiver. In step 462, an automatic gain control (AGC) signal is generated based on a strength of the received signal. In step 464, the received signal is amplified based on the AGC signal. In step 466, a power mode signal is generated based on the AGC signal. In step 468, a transmit signal is generated using an RF transmitter. In step 469, a power consumption parameter of at least one of, an RF receiver and an RF transmitter, is adjusted based on the power mode signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the power consumption parameter includes a power supply voltage and/or a power supply current. Step 469 can include generating a first transmitter power supply signal having a first current limit in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second current limit in response to a second value of the power mode signal, generating a first transmitter power supply signal having a first supply voltage in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second supply voltage in response to a second value of the power mode signal, generating a first receiver power supply signal having a first current limit in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second receiver power supply signal having a second current limit in response to a second value of the power mode signal, and/or generating a first receiver power supply signal having a first supply voltage in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second receiver power supply signal having a second supply voltage in response to a second value of the power mode signal.
Step 460 can operate in accordance with at least one of, a wireless local area network protocol, a pico area network protocol, a wireless telephony protocol, and a wireless data protocol.
FIG. 28 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-27. In step 470, a plurality of received signals are received. In step 472, a plurality of automatic gain control (AGC) signals are generated, wherein each of the plurality of automatic gain control (AGC) signals is based on a strength for a corresponding one of the plurality of received signals. In step 474, each of the plurality of received signals are amplified based on a corresponding one of the plurality of AGC signals. In step 476, a power mode signal is generated based on the plurality of AGC signals. In step 478, a power consumption parameter of an IC is adjusted based on the power mode signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step 478 can include generating a plurality of power supply signals based on the power mode signal, generating at least one transmitter power supply signal in response to the power mode signal, generating an additional transmitter power supply signal in response to the power mode signal, generating a first transmitter power supply signal having a first current limit in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second current limit in response to a second value of the power mode signal, and/or generating a first transmitter power supply signal having a first supply voltage in response to a first value of the power mode signal, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second supply voltage in response to a second value of the power mode signal.
The power consumption parameter can include a power supply voltage and/or a power supply current. Step 476 can include comparing the plurality of AGC signals, determining a lowest gain AGC signal, from the plurality of AGC signals, that corresponds to a highest strength of the corresponding one of the plurality of received signals, and generating the power mode signal based on the lowest gain AGC signal. Step 476 can include determining an AGC composite signal from the plurality of AGC signals, generating the power mode signal based on the AGC composite signal. The AGC composite signal can include one of, a mode of the plurality of AGC signals, a median of the plurality of AGC signals, and a mean of the plurality of AGC signals.
FIG. 29 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-28. In step 480 a plurality of received signals are received. In step 482, a plurality of automatic gain control (AGC) signals are generated, wherein each of the plurality of automatic gain control (AGC) signals is based on a strength for a corresponding one of the plurality of received signals. In step 484, each of the plurality of received signals are amplified based on a corresponding one of the plurality of AGC signals. In step 486, a transmit power control signal is generated based on the plurality of AGC signals. In step 488, a plurality of transmit signals are generated, each having a selected power level, wherein the selected power level of each of the plurality of transmit signals is based on the transmit power control signal.
Step 486 can include comparing the plurality of AGC signals, determining a lowest gain AGC signal, from the plurality of AGC signals, that corresponds to a highest strength of the corresponding one of the plurality of received signals, and generating the transmit power control signal based on the lowest gain AGC signal. Step 486 can include comparing the lowest gain AGC signal to a plurality of thresholds. Step 486 can include determining an AGC composite signal from the plurality of AGC signals, generating the transmit power control signal based on the AGC composite signal. The AGC composite signal can include one of, a mode of the plurality of AGC signals, a median of the plurality of AGC signals, and a mean of the plurality of AGC signals.
Step 486 can include comparing the composite AGC signal to a plurality of thresholds. The transmit power control signal can controls the selected power level of each of the plurality of transmit signals to a common value. The transmit power control signal can include a plurality of individual transmit power control signals that control the selected power level of each of the plurality of transmit signals to independent values.
Step 486 can include filtering each of the plurality of AGC signals to generate a corresponding plurality of filtered AGC signals, and the method can further include adjusting the transmit power control based on the plurality of filtered AGC signals.
FIG. 30 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-29. In step 500, a first inbound RF signal is received via a first wireless transceiver. In step 502, a first outbound RF signal is transmitted at a first selectable power level via the first wireless transceiver, wherein the first selectable power level is selected based a first transmit power control signal. In step 504, a second inbound RF signal is received via a second wireless transceiver. In step 506, a second outbound RF signal is transmitted at a second selectable power level via the second wireless transceiver, wherein the second selectable power level is generated based on a second transmit power control signal. In step 508, the first transmit power control signal and the second transmit power control signal are generated based on first transmit power control data generated by the first wireless transceiver.
In an embodiment of the present invention, generating the first transmit power control signal and the second transmit power control signal in step 508 is further based on second transmit power control data generated by the second wireless transceiver. Further, step 508 can include controlling the first selectable power level and the second selectable power level to a common value or controlling the first selectable power level and the second selectable power level to independent values.
FIG. 31 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-30. In step 510, a first inbound RF signal is received and a first outbound RF signal is transmitted via a first wireless transceiver that operates based on a first power supply signal. In step 512, a second inbound RF signal and a second outbound RF signal is transmitted via a second wireless transceiver that that operates based on a second power supply signal. In step 514, at least one power mode signal is generated based on first transmit power control data generated by the first wireless transceiver. In step 516, a first power consumption parameter of the first power supply signal is adjusted and a second power consumption parameter of the second power supply signal is adjusted based on the at least one power mode signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step 514 is further based on second transmit power control data generated by the second wireless transceiver. Step 516 can include adjusting the first power consumption parameter of the first power supply signal and the second power consumption parameter of the second power supply signal to a common value or adjusting the first power consumption parameter of the first power supply signal and the second power consumption parameter of the second power supply signal to independent values. The second power consumption parameter can include one of, a power supply voltage and a power supply current.
FIG. 32 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-31. In step 600 a transmit power control signal is generated. In step 602, a transmit data rate signal is generated based on a value of the transmit power control signal. In step 604, the transmit signal is transmitted at a selectable transmit power based on the transmit power control signal and at a selectable data rate based on the transmit data rate signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the power consumption parameter includes a power supply voltage or a power supply current. The power mode signal can be generated based on the value of the transmit power control signal.
FIG. 33 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIG. 32. In step 610, a power mode signal is generated. In step 612, a power consumption parameter of the RF transmitter is adjusted based on the power mode signal.
FIG. 34 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 32 and 33. In step 620, a plurality of power supply signals are generated including a transmitter supply signal, and wherein the power consumption parameter of step 612 is a parameter of the transmitter supply signal.
FIG. 35 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-34. In step 700, a corresponding power level for a plurality of RF transmitters is selected based on a plurality of transmit power control signals. In step 702, each of a plurality of transmit signals are transmitted at the corresponding power level. In step 704, a plurality of received signals are received from an external device via a corresponding plurality of RF receivers, each of the corresponding plurality of RF receivers corresponding to one of the plurality of RF transmitters. In step 706, a signal strength indication is generated corresponding to each of the plurality of received signals. In step 708, the plurality of transmit power control signals are generated based on the signal strength indication of the corresponding plurality of RF receivers. In step 710, a plurality of power mode signals are generated in accordance with the corresponding power level for the plurality of RF transmitters. In step 712, a plurality of power consumption parameters for the plurality of RF transmitters are adjusted based on the plurality of power mode signals.
In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the plurality of power consumption parameters includes a power supply voltage or a power supply current.
FIG. 36 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-35. In step 800, a plurality of received signals are received from an external device via a plurality of RF receivers. In step 802, a signal strength indication is generated corresponding to each of the plurality of received signals. In step 804, a corresponding power level for each of a plurality of RF transmitters is selected, each of the plurality of RF transmitters corresponding to one of the plurality of RF receivers, wherein the corresponding power level for each of the plurality of RF transmitters is selected based on the signal strength indication of the corresponding one of the plurality of RF receivers. In step 806, a corresponding power consumption parameter for the plurality of RF transmitters is adjusted based on the corresponding power level.
As may be used herein, the terms “substantially” and “approximately” provides an industry-accepted tolerance for its corresponding term and/or relativity between items. Such an industry-accepted tolerance ranges from less than one percent to fifty percent and corresponds to, but is not limited to, component values, integrated circuit process variations, temperature variations, rise and fall times, and/or thermal noise. Such relativity between items ranges from a difference of a few percent to magnitude differences. As may also be used herein, the term(s) “coupled to” and/or “coupling” and/or includes direct coupling between items and/or indirect coupling between items via an intervening item (e.g., an item includes, but is not limited to, a component, an element, a circuit, and/or a module) where, for indirect coupling, the intervening item does not modify the information of a signal but may adjust its current level, voltage level, and/or power level. As may further be used herein, inferred coupling (i.e., where one element is coupled to another element by inference) includes direct and indirect coupling between two items in the same manner as “coupled to”. As may even further be used herein, the term “operable to” indicates that an item includes one or more of power connections, input(s), output(s), etc., to perform one or more its corresponding functions and may further include inferred coupling to one or more other items. As may still further be used herein, the term “associated with”, includes direct and/or indirect coupling of separate items and/or one item being embedded within another item. As may be used herein, the term “compares favorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items, signals, etc., provides a desired relationship. For example, when the desired relationship is that signal 1 has a greater magnitude than signal 2, a favorable comparison may be achieved when the magnitude of signal 1 is greater than that of signal 2 or when the magnitude of signal 2 is less than that of signal 1.
The present invention has also been described above with the aid of method steps illustrating the performance of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries and sequence of these functional building blocks and method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries and sequences can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships are appropriately performed. Any such alternate boundaries or sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention.
The present invention has been described above with the aid of functional building blocks illustrating the performance of certain significant functions. The boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries could be defined as long as the certain significant functions are appropriately performed. Similarly, flow diagram blocks may also have been arbitrarily defined herein to illustrate certain significant functionality. To the extent used, the flow diagram block boundaries and sequence could have been defined otherwise and still perform the certain significant functionality. Such alternate definitions of both functional building blocks and flow diagram blocks and sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention. One of average skill in the art will also recognize that the functional building blocks, and other illustrative blocks, modules and components herein, can be implemented as illustrated or by discrete components, application specific integrated circuits, processors executing appropriate software and the like or any combination thereof.

## Claims

1. An integrated circuit (IC) for use in a multi-input multi-output transceiver, the IC comprising:
a plurality of RF transmitters that transmit a plurality of transmit signals at a corresponding plurality of transmit powers, wherein the plurality of transmit powers are selected based on a plurality of transmit power control signals;
a plurality of RF receivers, corresponding to the plurality of RF transmitters, for receiving a plurality of received signals from an external device; and
a processor, coupled to the plurality of RF transmitters and the plurality of RF receivers, that generates the plurality of transmit power control signals based on the plurality of received signals, and that generates a plurality of power mode signals corresponding to the plurality of RF transmitters in accordance with the plurality of transmit powers.

2. The IC of claim 1 wherein the processor generates the plurality of transmit powers to control a selected power level of at least one of the plurality of transmitters to a first value and the selected power level of at least another one of the plurality of RF transmitters to a second value.

3. The IC of claim 1 further comprising:
a power management circuit, coupled to the processor, that adjusts a power consumption parameter of the plurality of RF transmitters based on the plurality of power mode signals.

4. The IC of claim 3 wherein the power management circuit generates a plurality of power supply signals based on the plurality of power mode signals.

5. The IC of claim 3 wherein the power management circuit generates an additional transmitter power supply signal in response to the plurality of power mode signals.

6. The IC of claim 3 wherein the power management circuit generates a first transmitter power supply signal having a first current limit in response to a first value of at least one of the plurality of power mode signals, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second current limit in response to a second value of the at least one of the plurality of power mode signals.

7. The IC of claim 3 wherein the power management circuit generates a first transmitter power supply signal having a first voltage in response to a first value of at least one of the plurality of power mode signals, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second voltage in response to a second value of the at least one of the plurality of power mode signals.

8. The IC of claim 1 wherein an off-chip power management circuit generates a plurality of power supply signals based on the plurality of power mode signals.

9. The IC of claim 1 wherein the plurality of RF transmitters operate in a corresponding plurality of selected operating ranges.

10. The IC of claim 1 wherein the plurality of RF transmitters operate in accordance with at least one of, a wireless local area network protocol, a pico area network protocol, a wireless telephony protocol, and a wireless data protocol.

11. A circuit for use in a multi-input multi-output transceiver, the circuit comprising:
a plurality of RF transmitters that transmit a plurality of transmit signals at a corresponding plurality of transmit powers, wherein the plurality of transmit powers are selected based on a plurality of transmit power control signals;
a plurality of RF receivers, corresponding to the plurality of RF transmitters, for receiving a plurality of received signals from an external device; and
a processor, coupled to the plurality of RF transmitters and the plurality of RF receivers, that generates the plurality of transmit power control signals based on the plurality of received signals, and that generates a plurality of power mode signals corresponding to the plurality of RF transmitters in accordance with the plurality of transmit powers, wherein the processor generates the plurality of transmit powers to control a selected power level of at least one of the plurality of transmitters to a first value and the selected power level of at least another one of the plurality of RF transmitters to a second value.

12. The circuit of claim 11 wherein the plurality of RF transmitters operate in accordance with at least one of, a wireless local area network protocol, a pico area network protocol, a wireless telephony protocol, and a wireless data protocol.

13. The circuit of claim 11 further comprising:
a power management circuit, coupled to the processor, that adjusts a power consumption parameter of the plurality of RF transmitters based on the plurality of power mode signals.

14. The circuit of claim 13 wherein the power management circuit generates a plurality of power supply signals based on the plurality of power mode signals.

15. The circuit of claim 13 wherein the power management circuit generates an additional transmitter power supply signal in response to the plurality of power mode signals.

16. The circuit of claim 13 wherein the power management circuit generates a first transmitter power supply signal having a first current limit in response to a first value of at least one of the plurality of power mode signals, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second current limit in response to a second value of the at least one of the plurality of power mode signals.

17. The circuit of claim 13 wherein the power management circuit generates a first transmitter power supply signal having a first voltage in response to a first value of at least one of the plurality of power mode signals, and a second transmitter power supply signal having a second voltage in response to a second value of the at least one of the plurality of power mode signals.

18. The circuit of claim 11 wherein an off-chip power management circuit generates a plurality of power supply signals based on the plurality of power mode signals.

19. The circuit of claim 11 wherein the plurality of RF transmitters operate in a corresponding plurality of selected operating ranges.

20. A circuit for use in a multi-input multi-output transceiver, the circuit comprising:
a plurality of RF transmitters that transmit a plurality of transmit signals at a corresponding plurality of transmit powers, wherein the plurality of transmit powers are selected based on a plurality of transmit power control signals;
a plurality of RF receivers, corresponding to the plurality of RF transmitters, for receiving a plurality of received signals from an external device; and
a processor, coupled to the plurality of RF transmitters and the plurality of RF receivers, that generates the plurality of transmit power control signals based on the plurality of received signals, and that generates a plurality of power mode signals corresponding to the plurality of RF transmitters in accordance with the plurality of transmit powers;
wherein an off-chip power management circuit generates a plurality of power supply signals based on the plurality of power mode signals.