Filed 8/12/22 P. v. Barron CA2/4

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS

California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for 

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or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT

DIVISION FOUR

THE PEOPLE,

Plaintiff and Respondent,

v.

TERRELL BARRON, 

Defendant and Appellant.

 B313396

 (Los Angeles County

 Super. Ct. No. TA084803)

APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County, 

Connie R. Quiñones, Judge. Reversed and remanded with directions.

Stanley Dale Radtke, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for 

Defendant and Appellant.

Rob Bonta, Attorney General, Lance E. Winters, Chief Assistant 

Attorney General, Susan Sullivan Pithey, Assistant Attorney General, 

William H. Shin and Theresa A. Patterson, Deputy Attorneys General, for 

Plaintiff and Respondent. 

____________________________

On April 23, 2006, appellant Terrell Barron, codefendant Tryon Larry 

Smith, and an unidentified man took property from two victims at gunpoint 
2

at a residential party and then drove away in a third victim’s truck. (See 

People v. Barron, et al. (June 30, 2008, B197621) [nonpub. opn.] [2008 

Cal.App.Unpub.LEXIS 5271; 2008 WL 2568481, *1-2].) In 2006, a jury 

convicted Barron of one count of carjacking (Pen. Code, § 215, subd. (a), count 

2),1 and two counts of robbery (§ 211, counts 3-4)).2 The jury found that each 

crime had been committed for the benefit of a street gang (§ 186.22, subd. 

(b)(1)), and that Barron personally used a firearm during the commission of 

the crimes (§ 12022.53, subd. (b)). Barron was sentenced to an aggregate 

term of 33 years 8 months to life in state prison, and this court affirmed the 

judgment on direct appeal. (People v. Barron (June 30, 2008, B197621) 2008 

Cal.App.Unpub.LEXIS 5271 [nonpub. opn.] (Barron I).)

In this appeal, which follows the trial court’s attempt to correct an 

unauthorized sentence, the parties contend and we agree (as explained 

below) that Barron is entitled to a remand and new sentencing hearing in 

which the court must again correct Barron’s unauthorized sentence. In light 

of that conclusion—and consistent with our high court’s recent decision in 

People v. Padilla (2022) 13 Cal.5th 152, 163 (Padilla)—we further agree with 

Barron that his judgment of conviction is not final for purposes of 

determining whether (1) Assembly Bill No. 124 (2021-2022 Reg. Sess.; Stats. 

2021, ch. 695) (AB 124) [setting the low term as the presumptive sentencing 

term for youthful offenders or those who have experienced childhood trauma] 

and (2) Assembly Bill No. 333 (2021–2022 Reg. Sess.; Stats. 2021, ch. 699, 

§§ 1–5) (AB 333) [altering the proof requirements for gang enhancements

1 Undesignated statutory references are to the Penal Code. 

2 Barron was tried alongside codefendant Tryon Larry Smith, who is not 

a party to this appeal.
3

under § 186.22] retroactively apply to his case.3 We therefore vacate the gang 

enhancement findings and vacate Barron’s sentence. Upon remand, the 

People may elect to retry the gang enhancements under AB 333’s new 

requirements. If the People elect not to try the gang enhancements, then 

Barron shall be resentenced in a manner consistent with this opinion and 

applicable law.

4

BACKGROUND

As previously noted, the jury convicted Barron of one count of 

carjacking and two counts of second degree robbery.5 Specifically—and as 

3 In a recent letter to this court, respondent withdrew its request for oral 

argument and stated that in light of Padilla it was withdrawing its 

contention that the presumption under In re Estrada (1965) 63 Cal.2d 740, 

745 (that ameliorative legislation applies to non-final judgments) only applies 

to non-final judgments but not “reopened” judgments. Respondent further 

concedes that “AB 124 and AB 333 apply retroactively to [Barron’s] case.” 

4 In light of our conclusion, we need not consider Barron’s alternative 

contention that he was denied his right to counsel at the resentencing 

hearing and that the court erred in failing to allow him to present evidence 

relevant to his unauthorized sentence. (People v. Yanaga (2020) 58 

Cal.App.5th 619, 625 [noting that “‘when a case is remanded for resentencing 

after an appeal, the defendant is entitled to “all the normal rights and 

procedures available at his original sentencing” [citations], including 

consideration of any pertinent circumstances which have arisen since the 

prior sentence was imposed’”]; People v. Rouse (2016) 245 Cal.App.4th 292, 

297 [defendant is entitled to assistance of counsel when a sentence is vacated 

on appeal and remanded for a new sentencing hearing].)

5 This court granted Barron’s motions to augment the record with 

various portions of the record from his direct appeal in case No. B197621, 

which was a joint appeal from Barron and codefendant Smith. We have 

utilized the prior appellate record and the record in this appeal to recite the 

foregoing background.
4

provided in its verdict forms—on count 2, the jury found Barron guilty of 

carjacking (§ 215, subd. (a)), and found true the allegations that Barron had 

personally used a firearm (§ 12022.53, subd. (b)). The jury further found that 

the “offense was committed for the benefit of, at the direction of and in 

association with a criminal street gang with the specific intent to promote, 

further or assist in criminal conduct by gang members within the meaning of 

. . . section 186.22(b)(1)(A).”

6

On counts 3 and 4, the jury found appellant guilty of second degree 

robbery (§ 211), and found true the personal use of a firearm enhancement 

(§ 12022.53, subd. (b)) and the gang enhancement (§ 186.22, subd. (b)(1)(A)). 

In its sentencing memorandum, the prosecution stated that the jury 

had found the gang enhancement in count 2 true under section 186.22, 

subdivision (b)(1)(C), rather than subdivision (b)(1)(A). In addition, the 

prosecution requested sentencing pursuant to subdivision (b)(4)(B) of section 

186.22—though that subdivision was neither alleged in the information nor 

found true by the jury. Subdivision (b)(4)(B) provides for an indeterminate 

6 The information alleged the gang enhancements pursuant to section 

186.22, subdivision (b)(1)(C), but the verdicts referenced section 186.22, 

subdivision (b)(1)(A).

Section 186.22, subdivision (b)(1) provides: “Except as provided in 

paragraphs (4) and (5), any person who is convicted of a felony committed for 

the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with any criminal street 

gang, with the specific intent to promote, further, or assist in any criminal 

conduct by gang members, shall, upon conviction of that felony, in addition 

and consecutive to the punishment prescribed for the felony . . . of which he 

or she has been convicted, be punished as follows:

“(A) Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), the person shall be 

punished by an additional term of two, three, or four years at the court’s 

discretion. [¶] . . . [¶]

“(C) If the felony is a violent felony, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 

667.5, the person shall be punished by an additional term of 10 years.”
5

term of life imprisonment with a minimum term of 15 years.7 The 

prosecution also requested the imposition of an additional 10 years on count 2 

for the firearm enhancement (§ 12022.53, subd. (b)). 

After reviewing the prosecution’s sentencing memorandum, on 

February 15, 2007, the court called the matter for a sentencing hearing. 

During the hearing, the court stated that on count 2, the jury had found “the 

special allegations of 186.22(b)(4) . . . to be true.” Based on that finding, the 

court imposed 15 years to life under subdivision (b)(4)(B) of section 186.22, 

plus 10 years for the personal use of a firearm “for a total of 25 years to life as 

to count 2.” On counts 3 and 4, the court sentenced Barron to “one-third the 

mid-term,” plus three years, four months for the firearm enhancement 

(§ 12022.53, subd. (b)), for a total of four years, four months on each count.8 

Compounding the confusion, both the minute order of the sentencing 

hearing and abstract of judgment reflected a sentence of 15 years to life on 

count 2 (with no statutory provision cited), plus a 10-year term under section 

186.22, subdivision (b)(1)(C)—as opposed to the firearm enhancement as 

orally pronounced.

7 Subdivision (b)(4) of section 186.22 provides: “Any person who is 

convicted of a felony enumerated in this paragraph committed for the benefit 

of, at the direction of, or in association with any criminal street gang, with 

the specific intent to promote, further, or assist in any criminal conduct by 

gang members, shall, upon conviction of that felony, be sentenced to an 

indeterminate term of life imprisonment with a minimum term of the 

indeterminate sentence calculated as the greater of: [¶] . . . [¶]

“(B) Imprisonment in the state prison for 15 years, if the felony is . . . 

carjacking, as defined in Section 215.”

8 The trial court did not mention the gang enhancements attached to 

counts 3 or 4 when imposing sentence. The minute order states that the 

sentence on the gang allegations attached to counts 3 and 4 were stayed 

pursuant to section 654, and the stay is reflected in the abstract of judgment.
6

In the original appeal in 2008, we rejected Barron’s claims of trial error 

(none of which are relevant to this appeal). (See Barron I, supra, at p. 1.) 

Barron’s judgment of conviction was deemed final after the Supreme Court 

denied his petition for review in October 2008. (Id., rev. denied Oct. 16, 2008, 

S165727; see People v. Vieira (2005) 35 Cal.4th 264, 305–306.)

On March 22, 2019, the CDCR sent a letter notifying the trial court of 

possible errors in Barron’s sentence. First, the letter stated that the 

indeterminate abstract of judgment reflected a sentence on count 2 of 15 

years to life, plus a 10-year enhancement pursuant to section 186.22, 

subdivision (b)(1)(C). After noting that the sentencing triad for the 

carjacking offense in count 2 was three, five, or nine years, the CDCR letter 

stated that if the court’s intent was to impose a term of 15 years to life under 

section 186.22, subdivision (b)(4), that statute should be specified in the 

indeterminate abstract of judgment. The letter further noted that 

punishment could be imposed pursuant to section 186.22, subdivision (b)(4) 

or section 186.22, subdivision (b)(1)(C), but not both. Finally, the CDCR 

letter indicated that the determinate sentences on counts 3 and 4 had been 

improperly subordinated to the indeterminate term on count 2. 

On June 2, 2021, the trial court held a hearing in response to the 

CDCR letter. Barron was present for the hearing but was not represented by 

counsel.9 The court stated that it was “not an actual resentencing” and that 

it was “correcting the record and correcting the way that [the original 

sentencing judge] had imposed the sentence.”

9 On the date of the hearing, appellant was in court and represented by 

counsel for purposes of discussing scheduling for an upcoming hearing 

related to People v. Franklin (2016) 63 Cal.4th 261. Counsel specified that 

his representation was limited to the Franklin hearing. This appeal does not 

raise any issues related to the Franklin hearing.
7

With respect to count 2, the court sentenced Barron to 15 years to life, 

stating, “That’s the 215, the carjack plus the 186.22.” The court added a 

consecutive 10-year term for the section 12022.53, subdivision (b) firearm 

enhancement. As to count 3, the court imposed the midterm of three years, 

and struck the firearm enhancement. As to count 4, the court imposed one 

year for the substantive offense (one third the midterm), plus three years four 

months for the firearm enhancement (one third the midterm), for an overall 

term of imprisonment of 32 years 4 months to life.10 

The minute order from the June 2021 hearing stated that the previous 

minute order in the case “does not properly reflect the court’s order” and 

ordered “said minute order is amended nunc pro tunc” consistent with the 

“details” set out in the instant minute order. The minute order proceeded to 

state that the court “order[ed] defendant resentenced as follows:” (1) as to 

count 2: “the court selects the term of 15 years to life pursuant to Penal Code 

section 186.22(b)(1)(4)(B) plus 10 years pursuant to . . . section 12022.53(b)”

for a total sentence of “25 years to life” to run consecutive to counts 3 and 4; 

(2) as to count 3 the court “select[ed] the mid term of 3 years” and “the gun 

allegation pursuant to . . . section 12022.53(B) stricken” and (3) as to count 4 

the court “select[ed] 1/3 mid term of 1 year plus 1/3 mid term of 3 years, 4 

months pursuant to Penal Code section 12022.53(b).” The court issued a new 

abstract of judgment consistent with the court’s oral pronouncement of 

sentence and its subsequent minute order.

Barron timely appealed. 

10 Notwithstanding the trial court’s assertion that it was merely 

correcting the original sentence, respondent concedes that an actual 

resentencing took place, given that “[t]he resentencing court exercised 

discretion and made substantive changes to the sentence.”
8

DISCUSSION

I. Unauthorized Sentence

The parties contend, and we agree, that the trial court failed to correct 

Barron’s unauthorized sentence. We also agree with the parties that the 

unauthorized sentence in this case requires a new sentencing hearing and 

cannot be remedied through mere modification.

Generally, once execution of a sentence has commenced, trial courts 

lack jurisdiction to change a defendant’s sentence. (People v. Karaman (1992) 

4 Cal.4th 335, 344.) However, if the sentence is not statutorily authorized, it 

is subject to correction whenever the error comes to the attention of the trial 

court or a reviewing court. (People v. Cunningham (2001) 25 Cal.4th 926, 

1044–1045.) When a court becomes aware that a defendant’s sentence is 

unauthorized,11 “that sentence must be vacated and a proper sentence 

imposed.” (People v. Massengale (1970) 10 Cal.App.3d 689, 693.)

11 One way to bring an unauthorized sentence to the court’s attention is 

through a CDCR letter by a correctional case records manager, alerting the 

court to a possible sentencing error—as was done in this case. (People v. 

Humphrey (2020) 44 Cal.App.5th 371, 377.)

Contrary to Barron’s assertions such a letter is not a recommendation 

for recall and resentencing made by the secretary of the CDCR under former 

section 1170, subdivision (d)(1) (now section 1170.03). A section 1170, 

subdivision (d)(1) letter constitutes an invitation to the court to exercise its 

equitable jurisdiction to lower a sentence previously imposed. (People v. 

Frazier (2020) 55 Cal.App.5th 858, 866 [observing that § 1170, subd. (d)(1) 

“furnishes the court with the jurisdiction it would not otherwise possess to 

recall and resentence”] italics added.) The instant letter simply alerted the 

court to a potential illegality in the sentence—thereby allowing the court to 

exercise its inherent authority to correct an unauthorized sentence. (People v.

Cunningham, supra, 25 Cal.4th at p. 1044.) 
9

In this case, the CDCR’s letter identified errors with respect to Barron’s 

sentence. Although the court purported not to resentence Barron, it 

exercised its discretion to strike a firearm enhancement and made 

substantive changes to Barron’s sentence, i.e., selecting one of the two 

robbery counts as the principal term. Moreover, the court’s procedure did not 

cure the errors presented.

First, the trial court imposed on count 2 a 15-year-to-life term under 

section 186.22, subdivision (b)(4)(B).12 This was the subdivision orally 

referenced by the original sentencing court in 2007. But subdivision (b)(4)(B), 

which provides an alternate penalty provision and not an enhancement, was 

not alleged in the information and was not found true by the jury. (See 

Robert L. v. Superior Court (2003) 30 Cal.4th 894, 900, fn. 6 [alternate 

penalty provisions provide “‘an alternate penalty for the underlying felony 

itself,’” as opposed to an enhancement “‘[that] increases the punishment for 

the offense’”]; People v. Sweeney (2016) 4 Cal.App.5th 295, 301 [“an 

alternat[e] punishment provision must be pleaded and proved”].) The failure 

of pleading subdivision (b)(4)(B) deprived Barron of fair notice that an 

alternate sentence carrying a life term would be pursued. (Cf. People v. 

Botello (2010) 183 Cal.App.4th 1014, 1024 [“the inadequacy of pleading 

identified by the Supreme Court [in People v. Mancebo (2002) 27 Cal.4th 735] 

was not the failure to plead facts that would support the . . . circumstance, 

but rather the failure to plead the circumstance itself”].)

12 The trial court did not specify the statutory bases on which it imposed 

the 15-year-to-life term on count 2. Certainly, the court could not have 

imposed a principal indeterminate term based on the underlying offense.

(See § 215, subd. (b) [carjacking carries triad of three, five, or nine years 

imprisonment].)
10

Second, the court erroneously imposed an additional 10 years on count 

2 based on section 186.22, subdivision (b)(1)(C). However, sentencing courts 

may not impose multiple punishments for the same aspect of a criminal act. 

(People v. Ahmed (2011) 53 Cal.4th 156, 163–164; see § 654, subd. (a).) 

The foregoing errors may not be corrected through a modification order 

or a mere nunc pro tunc correction of the judgment (see People v. McGahuey

(1981) 121 Cal.App.3d 524, 530), but require resentencing. (People v. Buycks

(2018) 5 Cal.5th 857, 893; People v. Flores (2021) 63 Cal.App.5th 368, 385; 

People v. Miller (2006) 145 Cal.App.4th 206, 218–219.) Moreover, and as 

discussed below, the fact that the sentencing errors identified by the CDCR 

necessitate vacatur and resentencing means that Barron’s judgment is 

nonfinal for purposes of determining whether any ameliorative legislation is 

retroactively applicable to Barron’s case. 

II. Barron is Entitled to the Ameliorative Benefits of AB 124 and AB 333 

Barron contends AB 124 and AB 333, each of which became effective on 

January 1, 2022, apply retroactively to his case. As such, he maintains that 

he must be resentenced under AB 124 (which sets the low term as the 

presumptive term for youthful offender or those who have experienced 

childhood trauma), and that he is entitled to a new trial on the gang 

enhancements under AB 333 (which changed the requirements for gang 

enhancements under section 186.22, subd. (b)). In light of our high court’s 

recent decision in Padilla, supra, 13 Cal.5th 152, 163, respondent agrees that 

the presumption of retroactivity set forth in In re Estrada, supra, 63 Cal.2d 

740, applies to previously final cases in which the sentence is vacated. 

Respondent further agrees that, under Estrada, the ameliorative benefits of 
11

both AB 124 and AB 333 apply retroactively to Barron’s case. We agree with 

the parties on both points.

A. Barron’s Judgment is Nonfinal for Purposes of the

Estrada Presumption

Ordinarily, “a new statute is presumed to operate prospectively absent 

an express declaration of retrospectivity or a clear indication that the 

electorate, or the Legislature, intended otherwise.” (Tapia v. Superior Court

(1991) 53 Cal.3d 282, 287.) In In re Estrada, supra, 63 Cal.2d 740, however, 

our Supreme Court recognized an exception to this rule. The court explained 

that “[w]hen the Legislature amends a statute so as to lessen the punishment 

it has obviously expressly determined that its former penalty was too severe 

and that a lighter punishment is proper as punishment for the commission of 

the prohibited act.” (Id. at p. 745.) As such, “[i]t is an inevitable inference 

that the Legislature must have intended that the new statute imposing the 

new lighter penalty . . . should apply to every case to which it constitutionally 

could apply” which includes “acts committed before its passage provided the 

judgment convicting the defendant of the act is not final.” (Ibid.) “[T]o hold 

otherwise would be to conclude that the Legislature was motivated by a 

desire for vengeance, a conclusion not permitted in view of modern theories of 

penology.” (Ibid.) 

In Padilla, supra, 13 Cal.5th 152, our Supreme Court considered 

whether the Estrada presumption applied to a defendant whose judgment 

became final on direct review but was subsequently vacated for resentencing 

during habeas corpus proceedings. (Id. at pp. 158–159.) In analyzing the 

issue, the court first pointed out that “[a] case is final when ‘the criminal 

proceeding as a whole’ has ended . . . and ‘the courts can no longer provide a 
12

remedy to a defendant on direct review.’” (Id. at p. 161.) The court then 

explained that when Padilla’s sentence was vacated on collateral review, “the 

trial court regained the jurisdiction and duty to consider what punishment 

was appropriate for him, and Padilla regained the right to appeal whatever 

new sentence was imposed.” (Id. at pp. 161–162.) In other words, Padilla’s 

judgment “became nonfinal” and then “remain[ed] nonfinal . . . because the 

Court of Appeal ordered a second resentencing, from which the Attorney 

General now appeals.” (Padilla, supra, 13 Cal.5th at p. 162.)

Here, the CDCR’s letter identifying illegalities in Barron’s sentence 

required vacatur and resentencing. Moreover, the lower court has not yet 

imposed an authorized sentence. Accordingly, Barron’s judgment is nonfinal 

for purposes of retroactive application of AB 124 and 333. (Padilla, supra, 13 

Cal.5th at p. 162.) 

B. AB 124 Applies Retroactively to Barron’s Case

AB 124, which became effective on January 1, 2022, sets the low term 

as the presumptive term when any of the following are a “contributing factor”

to the offense: (A) the person has experienced psychological, physical, or 

childhood trauma; (B) the person is or was a youth at the time of the 

commission of the offense; or (C) prior to the instant offense, or at the time of 

the commission of the offense, the person is or was a victim of intimate 

partner violence or human trafficking. (See Stats. 2021, ch. 695, § 5.3,

adding § 1170, subd. (b)(6).) Where the presumption applies, the court may 

impose a higher sentence if it finds that “aggravating circumstances outweigh 

the mitigating circumstances [so] that imposition of the lower term would be 

contrary to the interests of justice.” (§ 1170, subd. (b)(6).) For purposes of 

this provision, a “youth” includes any person who was under the age of 26 at 
13

the time of the offense. (See §§ 1016.7 [defining youth as person under 26 at 

time of offense], 1170, subd. (b)(6)(B) [incorporating § 1016.7’s definition of 

“youth”]; Stats. 2021, ch. 695, §§ 4, 5.) Here, Barron was 19 years old at the 

time of his offenses, thus qualifying as a youth under AB 124.13

As the Attorney General concedes, under Estrada, AB 124 applies 

retroactively to Barron’s judgment. (See People v. Sek (2022) 74 Cal.App.5th 

657, 666 [noting that Estrada presumption applies to changes in law “that 

merely allow for a possibility of reduced punishment”]; see also People v. 

Flores (2022) 73 Cal.App.5th 1032, 1038–1039 [SB 567 & AB 124 

retroactive].) Accordingly, upon resentencing Barron, the trial court should 

consider the ameliorative changes effected by AB 124. 

C. AB 333 Applies Retroactively to Barron’s Case and 

Requires Vacatur of the Gang Enhancements

In 2006, Barron’s jury found true gang enhancements alleged under 

section 186.22, subdivision (b)(1) on counts 2, 3, 4. Effective January 1, 2022, 

AB 333 amended section 186.22 “to require proof of additional elements to 

establish a gang enhancement.” (People v. Lopez (2021) 73 Cal.App.5th 327, 

343.) Among other things, it amended the definitions of “criminal street 

gang” (§ 186.22, subd. (f)) and “pattern of criminal gang activity” (§ 186.22, 

subd. (e)(1)), and clarified the evidence needed to establish that an offense 

benefits, promotes, furthers, or assists a criminal street gang. (See People v. 

13 Barron also asserts that he experienced childhood trauma, noting that 

the record reflects his mother was killed by police and that he was raised by 

his grandmother.
14

E.H. (2022) 75 Cal.App.5th 467, 477–478; People v. Sek, supra, 74 

Cal.App.5th at p. 665.)14 

The parties agree, as do we, that the provisions of AB 333 identified 

above apply retroactively to Barron’s case. AB 333 amends section 186.22 to 

redefine to a defendant’s benefit the conduct subject to the enhancement. 

(People v. Figueroa (1993) 20 Cal.App.4th 65, 69–70 [Estrada presumption 

applies to legislative amendments that add new element to enhancements]; 

see also People v. Lee (June 24, 2022—published July 15, 2022) 2022 Cal. 

App. LEXIS 624, *4 [AB 333 amendments to § 186.22 apply retroactively to 

nonfinal judgments]; People v. Ramos (2022) 77 Cal.App.5th 1116, 1126–

1127; People v. Rodriguez (2022) 75 Cal.App.5th 816, 822 [same]; People v. 

Vasquez (2022) 74 Cal.App.5th 1021, 1032 [same]; People v. Lopez, supra, 73 

Cal.App.5th at p. 344 [same].)

15

Respondent further concedes that “at least one of the new elements 

required by AB 333 was not satisfied by the evidence presented at [Barron’s] 

trial,” in that “there was no proof that the predicate crimes collectively 

benefited the gang in a way that was more than reputational.” Upon 

reviewing the relevant portions of the record, we accept respondent’s 

concession and agree that the gang enhancements must be vacated. Upon 

remand, the People can elect to retry the gang allegations under the new 

requirements of AB 333. (People v. Delgado (2022) 74 Cal.App.5th 1067, 

14 Specifically, and as applicable here, AB 333 requires that the

prosecution prove the benefit the gang derives from the predicate and current 

offenses is “more than reputational.” (Stats. 2021, ch. 699, § 3 [enacting 

§ 186.22, subd. (g)]; People v. E.H., supra, 75 Cal.App.5th at p. 478.)

15 AB 333 also added section 1109 which addresses bifurcation of gang 

participation and enhancement charges. (Stats. 2021, ch. 699, § 5.) Barron 

raises no arguments in relation to section 1109 and nothing in our opinion 

should be read to include or encompass section 1109. 
15

1091; People v. Figueroa, supra, 20 Cal.App.4th at pp. 71–72 & fn. 2 [remand 

appropriate to allow prosecution to establish additional element retroactively 

added by statutory amendment].)

DISPOSITION

The gang enhancement true findings on all counts are hereby vacated. 

On remand, the prosecution shall have the option to retry Barron on the gang 

allegations—though not in a manner that results in a sentence greater than 

that which could have been legally imposed in the first instance. (People v. 

Craig (1998) 66 Cal.App.4th 1444, 1452; People v. Price (1986) 184 

Cal.App.3d 1405; People v. Calderon (1993) 20 Cal.App.4th 82, 89, fn. 8; cf. 

People v. Smith (Nov. 16, 2021, B305172) 2021 Cal. App. Unpub. LEXIS 7166 

[nonpub. opn.].) 

If the People elect not to retry the gang enhancements, then Barron 

shall be resentenced in a manner consistent with this opinion and applicable 

law. 

Following imposition of sentence, the court shall order a corrected 

abstract of judgment, which shall then be forwarded to the California 

Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS

WILLHITE, J.

We concur:

MANELLA, P. J. COLLINS, J.