# Patent

## Title
System and method for generating a modified web page by inline code insertion in response to an information request from a client computer

## Abstract

A method of accessing information through a network server from information sources in a computer communication network. A request for requested information from a requested information source is sent using a network client. The request is intercepted by the network server, which sends the request to the requested information source. The requested information is received from the requested information source, using the network server. The network server modifies the requested information by inserting format and request instructions into the requested information and then sending the modified requested information containing the format and request instructions to the client computer. The client computer uses the format and request instructions to send a request for supplemental information. The request for supplemental information is associated with supplemental information from a supplemental information source, and the associated supplemental information is sent from the supplemental information source to the network client.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/366,530, filed Aug. 2, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,438,578, which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by reference, including the computer source code appendix reference therein, and which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/096,916, filed Jun. 12, 1998, now abandoned which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/667,183, filed Jun. 12, 1996 now abandoned.


COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTING APPENDIX
This application includes and hereby incorporates by reference a computer program listing appendix recorded on a compact disc containing the files listed in FIG. 4.
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document, including all of the computer source code, contains material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document as it appears in the Patent and Trademark office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains generally to the communication of information between computers connected to a computer network. More particularly, this invention relates to systems and methods for sending, receiving, and responding to requests for information, including requests for web pages, between and among computers linked to a computer network, and further including methods of generating a modified version of a requested web page.
Millions of computers are permanently or temporarily connected together in a worldwide computer network, sometimes referred to as the “world wide web.” On this network, information is exchanged between and among computers when a network client computer, using a software application known as a web “browser”, sends a request for information stored on a network server computer. The server receives and processes the request and, conventionally, responds by sending one or more web “pages” containing the requested information to the client computer. The web pages and information are then displayed by the browser to the user of the client computer. This same method of information exchange can also occur on a private network (sometimes referred to as an “intranet”) that uses the same communications protocols as are conventionally employed on the World Wide Web.
Frequently, in responding to various types of information requests from selected network client computers, there is a need to supply a modified web page to the requester. The modifications may include commercial advertising messages, supplemental information related to the information that is requested, or even modifications to the appearance of the browser in which the web pages are being displayed. Typically, modifications to requested web pages are made by modifying the computer software source code instructions such as HyperText Markup Language (“HTML”) which are sent to the client computer by the server and then used by the client browser to generate and display the page.
One example of a conventional method of modifying a requested web page is taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,974,453 issued to Simmons, in which supplemental information (or “bulletin” as described by Simmons) is attached to the requested information by a “Network Access System” before it is relayed to the “External Computer”. In this approach, the “bulletin” can be hyperlinked to the requested information, packaged to display sequentially with the requested information, or simply attached as a bitmap or text file. Any integration of information that occurs in the method and system taught by Simmons takes place in the server before it is sent to the client computer. Thus, Simmons uses a more conventional “per page” information handling technique which requires caching of an entire page in the server, attaching the bulletin to the cached page, and sending the modified page to the network client. The network client then uses the modified page as sent by the server.
Similarly, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,189,000 issued to Gwertzman, content sent to a client computer in response to a request is customized by an application running in the server before it is sent to the client computer.
What is needed in addition is a system that can modify web pages via inline insertion of format and request instructions into a stream of requested information in response to a first request from a client computer, which format and request instructions generate a request for supplemental information and cause the requested information and supplemental information to be displayed together in a single browser window or in separate browser windows, with all inspection, processing, and transmission of requested information handled on a per packet basis.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The above and other needs are met by a method of accessing information through a network server from information sources in a computer communication network. The method routes the information through the network server to a network client. A request for requested information from a requested information source is sent using the network client. The request is intercepted by the network server, which sends the request to the requested information source. The requested information is received from the requested information source, using the network server. The network server examines the requested information to determine if the information is HyperText Markup Language (HTML). If the requested information is not HTML, the requested information is sent to the network client without modification. If the requested information is HTML, the network server modifies the requested information by inserting format and request instructions into the requested information and then sending the modified requested information containing the format and request instructions to the client computer. The client computer uses the format and request instructions to send a request for supplemental information. The request for supplemental information is intercepted and forwarded to a supplemental information source, and the associated supplemental information is received by the network server from the supplemental information source and sent to the network client.
Thus, in the method according to the invention, the network server sends format and request instructions to the network client in response to the first request, the format and request instructions being inserted directly into the requested information. The format and request instructions cause the network client to send a request for supplemental information, and cause the requested information and the supplemental information to be displayed together in a manner specified by the format instructions.
In various preferred embodiments, the request for supplemental information generated by the format and request instructions contains information such as the identities of the network client and the requested information source, which can be used by the supplemental information source to deliver individualized or targeted supplemental information selected according to the identity of the network client or associated with the requested information source. Various methods exist for selecting and delivering individualized and targeted content in this manner, including, but not limited to, the methods specified in the co-pending patent application.
The manner of displaying the requested information and the supplemental information can take several forms including displaying the supplemental information in an inline frame or inline layer along with the requested information in a single browser window on the network client computer, or by displaying the supplemental information in a separate browser window positioned adjacent to a browser window containing the requested information.
An important feature of this invention is the ability of the network server to receive only the initial packets of the requested information into a memory (rather than the entire web page, which is typically composed of a multiplicity of packets), to examine the initial packets to determine if the requested information is HTML, to insert the format and request instructions into the initial packets, and to send the packets of modified requested information to the client computer on a per packet basis. The unmodified portion of the requested information is then received by the network server and sent directly to the client computer on a per packet basis. Likewise, if it is determined that the requested information is not HTML, the requested information is sent to the client computer without modification, again on a per packet basis.
A network server according to the present invention accesses information from information sources in a computer communication network, and routes the information to a network client. Interception means receive from the network client a request for requested information from a requested information source. Communication monitoring means inspect the request and, in the preferred embodiment, determine whether the request includes a tag. In the case where the request does not include the tag, a transmission means sends the request to the requested information source, and the interception means receives the first portion of the requested information into a memory. The communication monitoring means examines the requested information to determine if the requested information is HTML. If the requested information is HTML, the transmission means inserts format and request instructions into the first portion of the requested information, then sends the modified requested information to the network client.
The format and request instructions sent to the network client cause the network client to send requests for the supplemental information. In the preferred embodiment, the format and request instructions cause the requests for supplemental information to contain a tag. The interception means receives the requests for supplemental information. The communication monitoring means inspects the request and determines whether the request includes the tag. If the request includes the tag, the transmission means request the associated supplemental information. Interception means receive the associated supplemental information, and the transmission means sends the associated supplemental information to the network client in response to the request for the associated supplemental information from the network client.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a hardware block diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the steps of one embodiment of the method of the invention.
FIG. 4. is a file listing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is depicted a functional block diagram of a network server 10 that functions as a code insertion system. It will be appreciated that FIG. 1 does not depict the physical aspects of the code insertion system, but depicts instead how the elements function. A physical description of the system will be provided in greater detail below.
A network client 12 is connected to the network server 10 by input lines 46 and output lines 48. All of the lines 46 and 48 collectively comprise a communication network. In a preferred embodiment, the network client 12 is a stand-alone personal computer connected to the network server 10 through an interface device, such as a modem, and the input lines 46 and the output lines 48 connected to the network client 12 are a communication line such as ISDN, analog telephone, ADSL, T1, cable, or wireless. The network client 12 typically has the capacity to send and receive, but more often receives information from one or more of the other components connected to the network server 10.
Although only a single network client 12 is depicted in FIG. 1, it will be appreciated that in a preferred embodiment, there are many network clients 12 simultaneously connected to the network server 10. Each of the network clients 12 operates independently of each other, and is able to send and receive information to and from the network server 10. The network client 12 may be local or remote to the network server 10, but in the preferred embodiment, the network client 12 is remote to the network server 10.
Preferably, the network client 12 executes a network browser, such as NavigatorTM from Netscape Communications Corporation or Internet ExplorerTM from Microsoft Corporation, to interpret information that the client 12 receives from the network server 10. Also, the browser formats received information for presentation on a display device connected to the network client 12, such as a monitor or flat panel display.
To access information, the network client 12 sends a request for information from a requested information source 14 across the input lines 46 to the network server 10. The request from the network client 12 is received on lines 46 by the network server 10 with an input 18, and then sent along lines 50 to an interception means 22. The interception means 22 is connected to (lines 60) and controlled by logic 28, which contains several different functional modules. A communication monitoring means 32 monitors the activity of the interception means 22, looking for communications received by the interception means 22. When a communication is received by the interception means 22, such as a request sent from the network client 12, the communication monitoring means 32 of logic 28 detects that a request has been received.
The communication monitoring means 32 inspects the request from the network client 12 to determine whether the request is a request for requested information from requested information source 14 or a request for supplemental information from supplemental source 16. In the preferred embodiment, the communication monitoring means 32 makes this determination based on whether the request from the network client 12 includes a special tag. The significance of the tag, and whether or not it is present, is discussed in more detail below.
The request contains information that identifies it has having been generated by the network client 12. The logic 28 contains an identification means 34 that interprets the identification information in the request, and determines the identity of the network client 12 that generated the request. The identification means 34 also determines the identity of the requested information source 14 based on information received in the request from the network client 12. If the tag is not found in the request from the network client 12, then the interception means 22 sends the request to the transmission means 24 on lines 52. The transmission means 24 changes the address of the request into the proper form for routing to the requested information source 14, and passes the request on lines 58 to the output 20, which in turn sends the properly addressed request from the network server 10 to the requested information source 14 on output lines 48.
As mentioned above for the network client 12, there may be many requested information sources 14 connected to the network server 10. Although the requested information source 14 may be local or remote to the network server 10, in the preferred embodiment the requested information source 14 is remote to the network server 10.
As mentioned above, the diagram of FIG. 1 is functional, not physical. Thus, it will be appreciated that the network server 10, when viewed from the perspective as a unitary system, will have an input 18 and an output 20. However, in a physical embodiment, the input and output functions of the several systems that comprise the network server 10 may be physically separated into several dedicated devices, with each of the several devices handling a different portion of the input and output requirements of the overall network server 10 system. For example, as connected to the requested information source 14, the input lines 46 and the output lines 48 are preferably physically separate and distinct from the input lines 46 and output lines 48 that are connected to the network client 12. Also, the lines 46 and 48 connected to the requested information source 14 preferably represent Internet superstructure, rather than single user connections.
The requested information source 14 receives the request originating from the network client 12, and sends a reply back to the network server 10. The reply typically includes the requested information desired by the network client 12. The reply is received at input 18 and transferred to the interception means 22. The communication monitoring means 32 of the logic 28 detects the reply over lines 60, and the identification means 34 of the logic means 28 identifies the reply as having come from the requested information source 14. A first portion of the requested information, for example the initial packets in the stream of packets comprising the reply (typically consisting of the hypertext transfer protocol header) are stored in a memory 30 via lines 64.
In a preferred embodiment, the reply header is retrieved from memory 30 by the transmission means 22 (lines 64 and 60), which appends special format and request instructions (preferably containing the tag) to the reply header, then causes the modified reply to be sent to the network client 12 by output 20 across lines 48. To complete the response of the system to the request for the requested information, the second or remaining portion of the requested information is sent to the network client. In other words, in a preferred embodiment, the format and request instructions are inserted by the server 10 “in-line’ in the stream of data packets between the first and second portions of the requested information.
The format and request instructions are identified to the network client 12 as having originated with the requested information source that was identified from the initial request. Upon receipt at the network client 12, the format and request instructions preferably configure the network client 12 to present two distinct sets of information. The reply, modified to contain the format and request instructions, is presented by the network client 12 as one of the two distinct sets of information.
The identification means 34 identifies the reply to the network client 12 as having originated with the requested information source 14, and not with the network server 10, even though the network client 12 physically receives the reply from the network server 10, and not directly from the requested information source 14. Thus, it appears to the network client 12 as though it is directly connected to the requested information source 14, and the network server 10 remains, for the most part, functionally transparent to the network client 12.
The format and request instructions sent to the network client 12 also cause the network client 12 to request supplemental information from a supplemental information source 16. The request for supplemental information preferably contains the tag. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the supplemental information source 16 is a collection of information that, although not specifically requested by the network client 12, would likely be of interest to the network client 12. The supplemental information may include advertisements of businesses that offer goods or services related in some way to the requested information. The supplemental information may also include news and weather reports, and other information that may not be directly related to the requested information.
The request for supplemental information generated by the format and request instructions contains information such as the identity of the network client 12 and the identity of the requested information source 14 (as determined by the identification means 34), which can be used by the supplemental information source 16 to delivery individualized and targeted supplemental information selected according to the identity of the network client 12 or associated with the requested information source 14.
Although the supplemental information source 16 may be local or remote to the network server 10, in the preferred embodiment it is remote. Further, as described above for the requested information source 14 and the network client 12, there may be many supplemental information sources 16 connected to the network server 10. The supplemental information source 16 could also be a component of the network server 10, such as a memory device connected to the logic 28. The supplemental information source 16 receives requests for supplemental information from the transmission means 24 through the output 20 and across the lines 48, and then sends the requested supplemental information on lines 46 through the input 18 to be received by the interception means 22.
When the interception means 22 receives the supplemental information from the supplemental information source 16 that is associated with the request for information from the network client 12, the transmission means 24 sends the associated supplemental information to the network client 12. The identification means 34 of the logic 28 identifies the supplemental information to the network client 12 as having originated with the requested information source 14, rather than as originating with the supplemental source 16, as described more completely below.
FIG. 2 provides a physical depiction of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the components of which include the functions as described above and depicted in FIG. 1. Dial in access from a remote computer 112 is provided over telephone lines 128. The remote computer 112 is preferably a standard PC class computer running a standard browser and related standard software. Communication is established between the remote computer 112 and the system with a router 118, such as a Universal Access Server model 5300 from Cisco Systems, Inc. All of the data input and data output between the remote computer 112 and the system is handled through the router 118. The remote computer represents the network client 12 depicted in FIG. 1.
An access controller 124, such as a PC running the Merit Network, Inc. freeware implementation of Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) software under the Linux operating system, provides access authentication for the remote computers 112 that attempt to access the system, such as by username and password control to access of the system. Use of the system is monitored and controlled by the access controller 124.
In an alternate embodiment, the remote computer 112 is connected to LAN 130 by router 118 as a local node on the LAN 130. In this embodiment, the access controller 124 is not used to monitor and control access via username and password. Rather access is controlled by router 118 using the Internet protocol address of the remote computer 112.
Requests for information from the remote computer 112 are passed on LAN 130 to a Layer 4 switch 126, such as the Alteon ACEdirector 3 from Nortel Networks, which passes the requests for information on LAN 131 to a content insertion machine 128 running customized software under QNX to implement the request handling and code insertion described herein. The content insertion machine 128 passes the requests for requested information on LAN 131 back to the Layer 4 switch 126, which passes the request to the router 120, such as a model 2600 modular access router from Cisco Systems, Inc., on LAN 133. The router 120 routes the requests to the requested information source 14, preferably located on the global computer network 114 as depicted in FIG. 2. The supplemental information source 16 is provided by one or more content servers 122, preferably running Internet Information Server and SQLServer database server from Microsoft Corporation.
The content insertion machine 128 is the element that intercepts the requested information from the network 114, inserts special format and request instructions into the requested information, then passes the modified requested information to the remote computer 112 for display and processing.
The content insertion machine 128 inspects all of the packets that are passed on LAN 131 by the Layer 4 switch 128, which includes packets from LAN 130 and LAN 133. Packets coming from the LAN 130 to the content insertion machine 128 are generally requests for requested information and supplemental information, and packets coming from the LAN 133 to the content insertion machine 128 are generally responses of requested information or of supplemental information.
Referring to the flow chart of FIG. 3, the content insertion machine 128 (FIG. 2) intercepts a packet in block 302, as depicted by the interception means 22 of FIG. 1, and inspects the packet to determine whether it is a request in block 304. If it is a request, such as that received on LAN 130 from the remote computer 112 of FIG. 2, then it is passed by the content insertion machine 128 to the decision block 320, where it is analyzed to determine if it is a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) request. If the request is not HTTP, but is some other protocol such as a simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) or a file transfer protocol (FTP) request, then the content insertion machine 128 sends the request directly out on LAN 131 through the Layer 4 switch 126 to LAN 133 to the global computer network 114 to be retrieved in block 324.
If the request is HTTP, then it is further inspected to determine whether it is a request for supplemental information from the content server 122. In the preferred embodiment, this determination is made by the presence of a special tag in the request, as described previously. If it is such a request, then the content insertion machine 128 passes the request to block 326, where the request is processed by the content server 122 to appropriately associate and retrieve appropriate supplemental information. Control of the response from the content server 122 passes to connector A 300, for processing as a response packet in block 302, as discussed more completely hereafter.
If the packet does not contain a request for supplemental information, then the request packet is sent by the content insertion machine 128 to the global computer network 114 in block 324 to be retrieved from the requested information source. When the request is fulfilled by the network 114, it will be sent back to the content insertion machine 128 on LAN 133 and LAN 131 as a response, to be processed in block 302, as will be discussed below.
Looking again at block 302, the case in which the packet is not a request is now considered. As previously discussed, every packet passed through the content insertion machine 128 is intercepted by the interception means 22, and inspected to determine whether it constitutes a request or not. If it does not, control passes to decision block 306 and the packet is further inspected to determine whether it is an HTTP packet or some other type of data. If it is not an HTTP packet, then the content insertion machine 128 sends it out on LAN 131 and LAN 130 to the network client 12, depicted in FIG. 2 as the remote computer 112 (block 316 on FIG. 3). If the packet is an HTTP packet, then control is passed to decision block 308 and the packet is further inspected to determine whether it has originated with the content server 122. If the packet is supplemental information that has been requested by the format and request instructions in the remote computer 112, then it is sent directly at this point by the content insertion machine 128 to the network client 12 via LAN 131 and LAN 130.
If the packet is not supplemental information from the content server 122, then control passes to decision block 310, and the packet is further inspected to determine whether the packet contains an HTTP header. Typically, the information in the response will be more than will fit within a single packet, and the response will comprise a plurality of packets. Typically, only the first packet of a given response contains the HTTP header and is passed on to decision block 312, as discussed in more detail below, while the rest of the packets in the response, which do not contain the header, are sent directly to the network client 12 on LAN 131 and LAN 130 from decision block 310.
The initial packet of the response, which contains the HTTP header, is passed to decision block 312 to determine whether it is a hypertext markup language (HTML) packet or some other type of packet, such as an image packet, sound packet, video packet, executable code packet, or some other such. If it is not HTML, then the packet is sent directly to the network client 12 as described above.
If the packet is HTML, then control falls to block 314, and format and request instructions are appended to the HTTP header or other initial portion of the requested information and sent to the network client 12. The second or remaining portion of the requested information is then sent to the network client 12.
The format and request instructions sent to the network client 12 have been mentioned briefly above, and described using various terms. The format and request instructions perform at least two important functions. First, when they arrive at the network client 12, they inspect the environment to determine whether a special display format exists, such as an inline frame or layer within a browser or a specially named browser window. If the display format does exist, then the format and request instructions move on to their next function, as described below. If the display format does not exist, then the format and request instructions create the display format. The display format preferably consists of a dual display of information, such as a first display area 104 and a second display area 106 (FIG. 2). The intention is to load the requested information into the first display area 104 and the associated supplemental information into the second display area 106. In the case where the supplemental information is to be displayed in an inline frame or layer, the second display area 106 is the inline frame or layer, while the first display area 104, containing the requested information, is the remainder of the browser area excluding the inline frame or layer. In the case where the supplemental information is to be displayed in a separate browser window, the second display area 106 is the separate browser window, while the first display area 104 is the original browser window from which the request for requested information originated. In this case, the first display area 104 may be resized and repositioned by the format instructions, as necessary to accommodate the second display area 106 without overlapping of the two display areas.
If the display format exists, or after the format and request instructions have created the display format if it does not exist, the format and request instructions send the request for supplemental information. This request is processed by the content insertion machine 128 as described above and, in a preferred embodiment, also includes the tag. When the supplemental information arrives, which has been associated by the content server 122, it is loaded into the second display area 106 and presented concurrently with the requested information in the first display area 104.
The tag preferably contains various pieces of information. This information may include, but is not limited to, identification of the network client 12, a reference to the initial request, a reference to the requested information, and a unique token for control purposes and to further distinguish one tag from another.
After the format and request instructions containing the tag have been appended to the HTTP header and are sent to the network client from block 314, control then passes back to block 302 for the inspection of another packet of information. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the format and request instructions comprise a script that can execute within the environment typically found on the network client 12, such as a Java script that can execute within one of the browsers mentioned above.
It will be appreciated that the invention as described above comprehends numerous adaptations, rearrangements, and substitutions of parts, all of which are considered to be within the scope and spirit of the invention as described, and that the scope of the invention is only to be restricted by the language of the claims given below.

## Claims

1. A method of providing advertisements over a computer network, the method comprising:
communicating with a computing device over the computer network, the computing device accessing a webpage and displaying content from the webpage to a user;
in response to a request from the computing device, selecting an advertisement of at least one of multiple advertisers to provide to the computing device based on a reconfigurable association between the webpage having the content to be displayed to the user and the advertisement, the reconfigurable association being one of multiple reconfigurable associations corresponding to the multiple advertisers; and
providing the advertisement to the computing device over the computer network.

2. A method as in claim 1 wherein selecting an advertisement includes associating the advertisement with the content.

3. A method as in claim 2 wherein associating the advertisement with the content includes creating a link between the advertisement and the content.

4. A method as in claim 2 further including storing the association in a database.

5. A method as in claim 1 further comprising storing advertisements in a server that is remote from the computing device.

6. A method as in claim 1 further comprising storing advertisements at a plurality of separate, networked locations.

7. A system for providing advertisements over a computer network, the system comprising:
a server storing advertisements;
an interface configured to receive a request from a computing device over the computer network, the computing device accessing a webpage and displaying content from the webpage to a user; and
a processor configured to, in response to the request, (i) select an advertisement of at least one of multiple advertisers to provide to the computing device based on a reconfigurable association between the webpage having the content to be displayed to the user and the advertisement, the reconfigurable association being one of multiple reconfigurable associations corresponding to the multiple advertisers, and (ii) provide the advertisement to the computing device over the computer network.

8. A system as in claim 7 wherein the processor is configured to select an advertisement by associating the advertisement with the content.

9. A system as in claim 8 wherein the processor is configured to associate the advertisement with the content by creating a link between the advertisement and the content.

10. A system as in claim 8 further including a database to store the association.

11. A system as in claim 7 wherein the server is remote from the computing device.

12. A system as in claim 7 wherein the server is distributed over a plurality of separate, networked locations.

13. A non-transitory computer readable medium having computer readable program codes embodied therein for providing advertisements over a computer network, the computer readable medium program codes including instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
communicate with a computing device over the computer network, the computing device accessing a webpage and displaying content from the webpage to a user;
in response to a request from the computing device, select an advertisement of at least one of multiple advertisers to provide to the computing device based on a reconfigurable association between the webpage having the content to be displayed to the user and the advertisement, the reconfigurable association being one of multiple reconfigurable associations corresponding to the multiple advertisers; and
provide the advertisement to the computing device over the computer network.

14. A non-transitory computer readable medium as in claim 13 wherein the instructions cause the processor to select an advertisement by associating the advertisement with the content.

15. A non-transitory computer readable medium as in claim 14 wherein the instructions cause the processor to associate the advertisement with the content by creating a link between the advertisement and the content.

16. A non-transitory computer readable medium as in claim 14 wherein the instructions cause the processor to store the association in a database.

17. A method as in claim 1 further including storing the multiple reconfigurable associations in a number of separate data stores, each data store being associated with at least one of the multiple advertisers and including a separate set of associations between advertisements and the webpages.

18. A system as in claim 7 further including multiple separate data stores each associated with at least one of the multiple advertisers and each storing a different set of associations between advertisements and the webpages.

19. A non-transitory computer readable medium as in claim 13 wherein the instructions cause the processor to store the multiple reconfigurable associations in a number of separate data stores, each data store being associated with at least one of the multiple advertisers and including a separate set of associations between advertisements and the webpages.