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 Valentine's Day 2012: Feb. 14 Expressing one's love to another is a celebrated custom on Valentine's Day; whereby sweethearts and family members present gifts to one another, such as cards, candy, flowers and other symbols of affection. Opinions differ as to who was the original Valentine, but the most popular theory is that he was a clergyman who was executed for secretly marrying couples in ancient Rome. In A.D. 496, Pope Gelasius I declared Feb. 14 as Valentine Day. Esther Howland, a native of Massachusetts, is given credit for selling the first mass-produced valentine cards in the 1840s. The spirit continues today with even young children exchanging valentine's cards with their fellow classmates. Candy 1,177 Number of U.S. manufacturing establishments that produced chocolate and cocoa products in 2009, employing 34,252 people. California led the nation in the number of chocolate and cocoa manufacturing establishments, with 135, followed by Pennsylvania, with 111. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns: 2009, NAICS code (31132) and (31133), <https://www.census.gov/econ/cbp/> 409 Number of U.S. establishments that manufactured nonchocolate confectionary products in 2009. These establishments employed 16,974 people. California led the nation in this category, with 45 establishments.
 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns: 2009, NAICS code (31134)<https://www.census.gov/econ/cbp/> $12.6 billion Total value of shipments in 2009 for firms producing chocolate and cocoa products. Nonchocolate confectionery product manufacturing, meanwhile, was a $7.4 billion industry. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009 Annual Survey of Manufactures
<http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/IBQTable?_bm=y&-_skip=0&-ds_name=AM0931VS101&-_lang=en> 3,386 Number of confectionery and nut stores in the United States in 2009.  
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, NAICS code (445292), <http://censtats.census.gov/cgi-bin/cbpnaic/cbpdetl.pl> 24.7 pounds Per capita consumption of candy by Americans in 2010. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Industrial Reports, Confectionery: 2010 
<https://www.census.gov/manufacturing/cir/historical_data/ma311d/> Flowers $375 million The combined wholesale value of domestically produced cut flowers in 2010 for all flower-producing operations with $100,000 or more in sales. Among states, California was the leading producer, alone accounting for more than three-quarters of this amount ($286 million).
 Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service 
 <http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewDocumentInfo.do?documentID=1072>, <http://usda01.library.cornell.edu/usda/current/FlorCrop/FlorCrop-04-21-2011_new_format.pdf> $17 million The combined wholesale value of domestically produced cut roses in 2010 for all operations with $100,000 or more in sales.
 Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service 
 <http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewDocumentInfo.do?documentID=1072>,
 <http://usda01.library.cornell.edu/usda/current/FlorCrop/FlorCrop-04-21-2011_new_format.pdf> 17,124 The number of florists nationwide in 2009. These businesses employed 75,855 people. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, NAICS code (453110)
<http://censtats.census.gov/cgi-bin/cbpnaic/cbpdetl.pl> Jewelry 24,973 Number of jewelry stores in the United States in 2009. Jewelry stores offer engagement, wedding and other rings to couples of all ages. In February 2011, these stores sold $2.27 billion in merchandise. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, NAICS code (448310), 
<http://censtats.census.gov/cgi-bin/cbpnaic/cbpdetl.pl> and Monthly Retail Trade and Food Services <https://www.census.gov/retail> The merchandise at these locations could well have been produced at one of the nation's 1,547 jewelry manufacturing establishments. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, NAICS code (339911), <http://censtats.census.gov/cgi-bin/cbpnaic/cbpdetl.pl> “Please Be Mine” 2.1 million The number of marriages that took place in the United States in 2009. That breaks down to nearly 5,800 a day.
Source: National Center for Health Statistics,
<http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nvsr.htm>, <http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr58/nvsr58_25.htm#tableA> 108,150 The number of marriages performed in Nevada during 2009. So many couples tie the knot in the Silver State that it ranked fifth nationally in marriages, even though its total population that year among states was 35th. (California ranked first in marriages.)
Source: National Center for Health Statistics, 
<http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nvsr.htm>, <http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr58/nvsr58_25.htm#tableA> and population estimates, <https://www.census.gov/popest/> 28.7 and 26.5 years Median age at first marriage in 2011 for men and women, respectively. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Families and Living Arrangements: 2011, <https://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/hh-fam/ms2.xls>, Table MS-2 53.1% The overall percentage of adults who reported being married.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Families and Living Arrangements: 2011, <https://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/hh-fam/cps2011.html> Table A1 69% Percentage of people 15 and older in 2011 who had been married at some point in their lives — either currently or formerly. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Families and Living Arrangements: 2011, <https://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/hh-fam/cps2011.html> Table A1 74.5% Among women who married for the first time between 1990 and 1994, the percentage who marked their 10th anniversary. This compares with 83 percent of women who married for the first time between 1960 and 1964. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Number, Timing, and Duration of Marriages and Divorces: 2009, <https://www.census.gov/prod/2011pubs/p70-125.pdf>, Table 4 6.2% As of 2009, the percentage of currently married women who had been married for at least 50 years. A little more than half of currently married women had been married for at least 15 years. 
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Number, Timing, and Duration of Marriages and Divorces: 2009 <https://www.census.gov/prod/2011pubs/p70-125.pdf>, Table 9 Looking for Love 393 The number of dating service establishments nationwide as of 2007. These establishments, which include Internet dating services, employed 3,125 people and pulled in $928 million in revenue.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007 Economic Census <http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DatasetMainPageServlet&_program=ECN&_submenuId=&_lang=en&_ts=> Try Looking Here . . . Romantic-sounding places to spend Valentine's Day: Rose City, Texas
    Rose City, Mich.
    South Heart, N.D.Loveland, Colo.
    Darling, Minn.
    Loveland, OhioRomeo, Colo.
    Sacred Heart, Minn.
    Loveland Park, OhioLovejoy, Ga.
    Heart Butte, Mont.
    Love County, Okla.Loves Park, Ill.
    Valentine, Neb.
    Loveland, Okla.Lovington, Ill.
    Lovelock, Nev.
    Lovelady, TexasRomeoville, Ill.
    Loving, N.M.
    Loving County, TexasRosemont, Ill.
    Lovington, N.M.
    Valentine, TexasRomeo, Mich.
    Love Valley, N.C.
    Rose Hill Acres, TexasRosemont, Md. http://factfinder2.census.gov
 Giving Love a Second Chance 19% Percentage of people married twice as of 2010. Five percent have married three or more times. By comparison, 75 percent of people who have ever been married have made only one trip down the aisle.
Source: 2010 American Community Survey
<http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_B12505&prodType=table> 8 Median length, in years, of first marriages that ended in divorce.
Source: Number, Timing, and Duration of Marriages and Divorces: 2009 <https://www.census.gov/prod/2011pubs/p70-125.pdf>, Table 8 3.8 and 3.7 The median time in years between divorce and a second marriage for men and women, respectively.
Source: Number, Timing, and Duration of Marriages and Divorces: 2009 
<https://www.census.gov/prod/2011pubs/p70-125.pdf>, Table 8 9% and 8% Among people 15 and older in 2009, the percentage of men and women, respectively, who had married twice and were still married.
Source for the data in this section, unless otherwise noted: Number, Timing, and Duration of Marriages and Divorces: 2009
<https://www.census.gov/prod/2011pubs/p70-125.pdf>, Table 8


Following is a list of observances typically covered by the Census Bureau’s *Facts for Features* series: African-American History Month (February)
  Super Bowl
  Valentine's Day (Feb. 14)
  Women's History Month (March)
  Irish-American Heritage Month (March)/
             St. Patrick's Day (March 17)
  Earth Day (April 22)
  Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month (May)
  Older Americans Month (May)
  Cinco de Mayo (May 5)
  Mother's Day
  Hurricane Season Begins (June 1)
  Father's Day The Fourth of July (July 4)
  Anniversary of Americans With Disabilities Act (July 26)
  Back to School (August)
  Labor Day
  Grandparents Day
  Hispanic Heritage Month (Sept. 15-Oct. 15)
  Unmarried and Single Americans Week
  Halloween (Oct. 31)
  American Indian/Alaska Native Heritage Month (November)
  Veterans Day (Nov. 11)
  Thanksgiving Day
  The Holiday Season (December)


**Editor’s note:** The preceding data were collected from a variety of sources and may be subject to sampling variability and other sources of error. Facts for Features are customarily released about two months before an observance in order to accommodate magazine production timelines. Questions or comments should be directed to the Census Bureau’s Public Information Office: telephone: 301-763-3030; fax: 301-763-3762; or e-mail: <PIO@census.gov>.











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