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###### Securities and Exchange Commission

          - [Release No. 34-83813; File No. SR-MIAX-2018-20]

                    Pursuant to the provisions of Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Act”) [1]                                          and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,[2]                                          notice is hereby given that on July 31, 2018, Miami International Securities Exchange LLC (“MIAX Options” or “Exchange”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”) a proposed rule change as described in Items I, II, and III below, which Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons.                

## I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance of the Proposed Rule Change

The Exchange is filing a proposal to amend the MIAX Options Fee Schedule (the “Fee Schedule”) to delete a fee waiver relating to certain market data feed products.

                    The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's website at                     *http://www.miaxoptions.com/​rule-filings,*                     at MIAX's principal office, and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.                

## II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such statements.

### A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

#### 1. Purpose

The Exchange proposes to amend its Fee Schedule to delete a fee waiver relating to certain market data feed products offered by the Exchange—namely, the Exchange's Administrative Information Subscriber (“AIS”) market data feed, and the Exchange's Top of Market (“ToM”) market data feed.

                    The ToM market data feed includes data that is identical to the data sent to the processor for the Options Price Regulatory Authority (“OPRA”). ToM provides real-time updates of the MIAX Best Bid or Offer, or MBBO,[3]                                          price with aggregate orders and quote size of contracts that can be displayed, display of Public Customer [4]                                          interest at the MBBO, display of Priority Customer [5]                                          interest at the MBBO, and MIAX Options last sale.[6]                                          The Exchange launched ToM in early 2013,[7]                                          and                           ( print page 40596)                        adopted monthly fees shortly thereafter.[8]                                          The Exchange assesses a monthly fee of $1,250.00 for ToM Internal Distributors and a monthly fee of $1,750.00 for ToM External Distributors.                

                    The Exchange began offering its AIS market data feed in April 2013.[9]                                          The AIS market data feed currently includes administrative information for both simple and complex orders. The AIS market data feed includes: Simple and complex liquidity seeking event notifications, listed series updates, complex strategy definition updates, system state, and underlying trading state information. The Exchange assesses a monthly fee of $1,250.00 for all AIS Internal Distributors and a monthly fee of $1,750.00 for all AIS External Distributors. However, the monthly fee for Distributors of AIS is presently waived if the Distributor also subscribes to ToM.[10] 

Accordingly, under the present operation of the Fee Schedule, a subscriber who only subscribes to AIS will be charged the AIS monthly fee ($1,250.00 for Internal Distributors and $1,750.00 for External Distributors). A subscriber who only subscribes to ToM will be charged the ToM monthly fee ($1,250.00 for Internal Distributors and $1,750.00 for External Distributors). A subscriber who subscribes to both ToM and AIS will be charged only the ToM monthly fee ($1,250.00 for Internal Distributors and $1,750.00 for External Distributors).

The Exchange now proposes to delete the fee waiver which entitles a subscriber of both ToM and AIS to receive a fee waiver for AIS. Accordingly, pursuant to this proposal, a subscriber to both ToM and AIS would now be assessed a separate fee for each of the data feeds. A subscriber who is an Internal Distributor will now pay $2,500.00 in the aggregate, if subscribing to both feeds, and a subscriber who is an External Distributor will now pay $3,500.00 in the aggregate, if subscribing to both feeds.

The Exchange is not proposing to modify any other aspect of either the AIS market data feed product or the ToM market data feed product. The Exchange is solely deleting the fee waiver which presently entitles a subscriber of ToM to also receive a subscription to AIS for free.

The proposed rule change is scheduled to become operative on August 1, 2018.

#### 2. Statutory Basis

                    The Exchange believes that its proposal to amend its Fee Schedule is consistent with Section 6(b) [11]                                          of the Act in general, and furthers the objectives of Section 6(b)(4) [12]                                          of the Act, in that it is designed to provide for an equitable allocation of reasonable dues, fees and other charges among Exchange Members [13]                                          and other persons using its facilities, because it applies equally to all Members and any persons using the facilities or services of the Exchange. The Exchange also believes that the proposal furthers the objectives of Section 6(b)(5) [14]                                          of the Act in particular, in that it is designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and equitable principles of trade, to foster cooperation and coordination with persons engaged in facilitating transactions in securities, to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanisms of a free and open market and a national market system and, in general, to protect investors and the public interest, and it is not designed to permit unfair discrimination among customers, brokers, or dealers.                

                    The Exchange believes that the proposed amendment to delete a fee waiver relating to certain market data feed products offered by the Exchange—namely, the Exchange's AIS market data feed, and the Exchange's ToM market data feed—is reasonable, equitable, and not unfairly discriminatory. The Exchange has offered an AIS fee waiver to ToM subscribers since the inception of AIS.[15]                                          The Exchange determined to establish and continue the AIS fee waiver for business and competitive reasons, in order to encourage ToM subscribers to subscribe to the AIS feed. The Exchange now believes that it is appropriate to delete the fee waiver, based on a business determination of the number of ToM feed and AIS feed subscribers, with the fee waiver having achieved the intended result.                

The Exchange anticipates the changes will result in a reasonable allocation of its costs and expenses among its Members and other persons using its facilities because the proposed fees would enable the Exchange to recover the costs associated with providing such infrastructure, and with offering access through the network connections and access and services, responding to customer requests, configuring MIAX Options systems, and administering the various services connectivity services. The Exchange believes the proposed fees are equitable and not unfairly discriminatory because the new fee levels result in a more reasonable and equitable allocation of fees amongst non-Members and Members for similar services. Access to the Exchange is provided on fair and non-discriminatory terms. Moreover, the decision as to whether or not to subscribe to AIS is entirely optional to all parties. Potential subscribers are not required to purchase the AIS market data feed. Subscribers can discontinue their use at any time and for any reason, including due to their assessment of the reasonableness of fees charged. The allocation of fees among subscribers is fair and reasonable because, if the market deems the proposed fees to be unfair or inequitable, firms can diminish or discontinue their use of this data.

In adopting Regulation NMS, the Commission granted self-regulatory organizations and broker-dealers increased authority and flexibility to offer new and unique market data to the public. It was believed that this authority would expand the amount of data available to consumers, and also spur innovation and competition for the provision of market data:

                        [E]fficiency is promoted when broker-dealers who do not need the data beyond the prices, sizes, market center identifications of the NBBO and consolidated last sale information are not required to receive (and pay for) such data when broker-dealers may choose to receive (and pay for) additional market data based on their own internal analysis of the need for such data.[16] 

By removing “unnecessary regulatory restrictions” on the ability of exchanges to sell their own data, Regulation NMS advanced the goals of the Act and the principles reflected in its legislative history. If the free market should determine whether proprietary data is sold to broker-dealers at all, it follows that the price at which such data is sold should be set by the market as well.

                    In July, 2010, Congress adopted H.R. 4173, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (“Dodd-Frank Act”), which amended Section 19 of the Act. Among                           ( print page 40597)                        other things, Section 916 of the Dodd-Frank Act amended paragraph (A) of Section 19(b)(3) of the Act by inserting the phrase “on any person, whether or not the person is a member of the self-regulatory organization” after “due, fee or other charge imposed by the self-regulatory organization.” As a result, all SRO rule proposals establishing or changing dues, fees or other charges are immediately effective upon filing regardless of whether such dues, fees or other charges are imposed on members of the SRO, non-members, or both. Section 916 further amended paragraph (C) of Section 19(b)(3) of the Act to read, in pertinent part, “At any time within the 60-day period beginning on the date of filing of such a proposed rule change in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (1) [of Section 19(b)], the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend the change in the rules of the self-regulatory organization made thereby, if it appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or appropriate in the public interest, for the protection of investors, or otherwise in furtherance of the purposes of this title. If the Commission takes such action, the Commission shall institute proceedings under paragraph (2)(B) [of Section 19(b)] to determine whether the proposed rule should be approved or disapproved.”                

The Exchange believes that these amendments to Section 19 of the Act reflect Congress's intent to allow the Commission to rely upon the forces of competition to ensure that fees for market data are reasonable and equitably allocated. Although Section 19(b) had formerly authorized immediate effectiveness for a “due, fee or other charge imposed by the self-regulatory organization,” the Commission adopted a policy and subsequently a rule stating that fees for data and other products available to persons that are not members of the self-regulatory organization must be approved by the Commission after first being published for comment. At the time, the Commission supported the adoption of the policy and the rule by pointing out that unlike members, whose representation in self-regulatory organization governance was mandated by the Act, non-members should be given the opportunity to comment on fees before being required to pay them, and that the Commission should specifically approve all such fees. The Exchange believes that the amendment to Section 19 reflects Congress's conclusion that the evolution of self-regulatory organization governance and competitive market structure have rendered the Commission's prior policy on non-member fees obsolete. Specifically, many exchanges have evolved from member-owned, not-for-profit corporations into for-profit, investor-owned corporations (or subsidiaries of investor-owned corporations). Accordingly, exchanges no longer have narrow incentives to manage their affairs for the exclusive benefit of their members, but rather have incentives to maximize the appeal of their products to all customers, whether members or non-members, so as to broaden distribution and grow revenues. Moreover, the Exchange believes that the change also reflects an endorsement of the Commission's determinations that reliance on competitive markets is an appropriate means to ensure equitable and reasonable prices. Simply put, the change reflects a presumption that all fee changes should be permitted to take effect immediately, since the level of all fees are constrained by competitive forces. The Exchange therefore believes that the fees for AIS are properly assessed on Internal and External Distributors.

                    The decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in                     *NetCoaliton*                     v.                     *SEC,*                     No. 09-1042 (D.C. Cir. 2010), although reviewing a Commission decision made prior to the effective date of the Dodd-Frank Act, upheld the Commission's reliance upon competitive markets to set reasonable and equitably allocated fees for market data:                

                        “In fact, the legislative history indicates that the Congress intended that the market system `evolve through the interplay of competitive forces as unnecessary regulatory restrictions are removed' and that the SEC wield its regulatory power `in those situations where competition may not be sufficient,' such as in the creation of a ‘consolidated transactional reporting system.’ ” [17] 

The court's conclusions about Congressional intent are therefore reinforced by the Dodd-Frank Act amendments, which create a presumption that exchange fees, including market data fees, may take effect immediately, without prior Commission approval, and that the Commission should take action to suspend a fee change and institute a proceeding to determine whether the fee change should be approved or disapproved only where the Commission has concerns that the change may not be consistent with the Act.

### B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition

The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will result in any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. Notwithstanding its determination that the Commission may rely upon competition to establish fair and equitably allocated fees for market data, the NetCoalition Court found that the Commission had not, in that case, compiled a record that adequately supported its conclusion that the market for the data at issue in the case was competitive. The Exchange believes that a record may readily be established to demonstrate the competitive nature of the market in question.

The market for data products is extremely competitive and users may freely choose alternative venues and data vendors based on the aggregate fees assessed, the data offered, and the value provided. Numerous exchanges compete with each other for listings, trades, and market data itself, providing virtually limitless opportunities for entrepreneurs who wish to produce and distribute their own market data. Transaction execution and proprietary data products are complementary in that market data is both an input and a byproduct of the execution service. In fact, market data and trade execution are a paradigmatic example of joint products with joint costs. The decision whether and on which platform to post an order will depend on the attributes of the platform where the order can be posted, including the execution fees, data quality and price, and distribution of its data products. Without trade executions, exchange data products cannot exist. Moreover, data products are valuable to many end users only insofar as they provide information that end users expect will assist them or their customers in making trading decisions.

                    The costs of producing market data include not only the costs of the data distribution infrastructure, but also the costs of designing, maintaining, and operating the exchange's transaction execution platform and the cost of regulating the exchange to ensure its fair operation and maintain investor confidence. The total return that a trading platform earns reflects the revenues it receives from both products and the joint costs it incurs. Moreover, the operation of the Exchange is characterized by high fixed costs and low marginal costs. This cost structure                           ( print page 40598)                        is common in content distribution industries such as software, where developing new software typically requires a large initial investment (and continuing large investments to upgrade software), but once the software is developed, the incremental cost of providing that software to an additional user is typically small, or even zero (                    *e.g.,*                     if the software can be downloaded over the internet after being purchased).[18]                                          In the case of any exchange, it is costly to build and maintain a trading platform, but the incremental cost of trading each additional share on an existing platform, or distributing an additional instance of data, is very low. Market information and executions are each produced jointly (in the sense that the activities of trading and placing orders are the source of the information that is distributed) and are each subject to significant scale economies.                

Competition among trading platforms can be expected to constrain the aggregate return each platform earns from the sale of its joint products. The level of competition and contestability in the market is evidence in the numerous alternative venues that compete for order flow, including SRO markets, as well as internalizing BDs and various forms of alternative trading systems (“ATSs”), including dark pools and electronic communication networks (“ECNs”). Each SRO market competes to produce transaction reports via trade executions. It is common for BDs to further and exploit this competition by sending their order flow and transaction reports to multiple markets, rather than providing them all to a single market. Competitive markets for order flow, executions, and transaction reports provide pricing discipline for the inputs of proprietary data products. The large number of SROs, TRFs, BDs, and ATSs that currently produce proprietary data or are currently capable of producing it provides further pricing discipline for proprietary data products. Each SRO, TRF, ATS, and BD is currently permitted to produce proprietary data products, and many currently do or have announced plans to do so, including the Nasdaq exchanges, NYSE exchanges, and CBOE/Bats exchanges.

In this competitive environment, an “excessive” price for one product will have to be reflected in lower prices for other products sold by the Exchange, or otherwise the Exchange may experience a loss in sales that may adversely affect its profitability. In this case, the proposed rule change enhances competition by providing Historical Market Data at a fixed price. As such, the Exchange believes that the proposed changes will enhance, not impair, competition in the financial markets.

The market for market data products is competitive and inherently contestable because there is fierce competition for the inputs necessary to the creation of proprietary data and strict pricing discipline for the proprietary products themselves. Numerous exchanges compete with each other for listings, trades, and market data itself, providing virtually limitless opportunities for entrepreneurs who wish to produce and distribute their own market data. This proprietary data is produced by each individual exchange, as well as other entities, in a vigorously competitive market. Broker-dealers currently have numerous alternative venues for their order flow, including eleven existing options markets. Each SRO market competes to produce transaction reports via trade executions. Competitive markets for order flow, executions, and transaction reports provide pricing discipline for the inputs of proprietary data products. The large number of SROs that currently produce proprietary data or are currently capable of producing it provides further pricing discipline for proprietary data products. Each SRO is currently permitted to produce proprietary data products, and many in addition to MIAX Options currently do, including Nasdaq, CBOE, Nasdaq ISE, NYSE American, and NYSE Arca. Additionally, order routers and market data vendors can facilitate single or multiple broker-dealers' production of proprietary data products. The potential sources of proprietary products are virtually limitless.

Market data vendors provide another form of price discipline for proprietary data products because they control the primary means of access to end subscribers. Vendors impose price restraints based upon their business models. For example, vendors such as Bloomberg and Thomson Reuters that assess a surcharge on data they sell may refuse to offer proprietary products that end subscribers will not purchase in sufficient numbers. Internet portals, such as Google, impose a discipline by providing only data that will enable them to attract “eyeballs” that contribute to their advertising revenue. Retail broker-dealers, such as Schwab and Fidelity, offer their customers proprietary data only if it promotes trading and generates sufficient commission revenue. Although the business models may differ, these vendors' pricing discipline is the same: they can simply refuse to purchase any proprietary data product that fails to provide sufficient value. The Exchange and other producers of proprietary data products must understand and respond to these varying business models and pricing disciplines in order to market proprietary data products successfully.

In addition to the competition and price discipline described above, the market for proprietary data products is also highly contestable because market entry is rapid, inexpensive, and profitable. The history of electronic trading is replete with examples of entrants that swiftly grew into some of the largest electronic trading platforms and proprietary data producers: Archipelago, BATS Trading and Direct Edge. Regulation NMS, by deregulating the market for proprietary data, has increased the contestability of that market. While broker-dealers have previously published their proprietary data individually, Regulation NMS encourages market data vendors and broker-dealers to produce proprietary products cooperatively in a manner never before possible. Multiple market data vendors already have the capability to aggregate data and disseminate it on a profitable scale, including Bloomberg, and Thomson Reuters.

The Court in NetCoalition concluded that the Commission had failed to demonstrate that the market for market data was competitive based on the reasoning of the Commission's NetCoalition order because, in the Court's view, the Commission had not adequately demonstrated that the proprietary data at issue in the case is used to attract order flow. The Exchange believes, however, that evidence not then before the court clearly demonstrates that availability of data attracts order flow. Due to competition among platforms, the Exchange intends to improve its platform data offerings on a continuing basis, and to respond promptly to customers' data needs.

                    The intensity of competition for proprietary information is significant and the Exchange believes that this proposal itself clearly evidences such competition. The Exchange has offered an AIS fee waiver to ToM subscribers since the inception of AIS. The Exchange now believes that it is appropriate to delete the fee waiver, based on a business determination of the number of ToM feed and AIS feed subscribers. It is entirely optional and is geared towards attracting new Member Applicants and customers. MIAX Options competitors continue to create new market data products and                           ( print page 40599)                        innovative pricing in this space. The Exchange expects firms to make decisions on how much and what types of data to consume on the basis of the total cost of interacting with MIAX Options or other exchanges. Of course, the explicit data fees are only one factor in a total platform analysis. Some competitors have lower transactions fees and higher data fees, and others are vice versa. The market for this proprietary information is highly competitive and continually evolves as products develop and change. Additionally, respecting intra-market competition, the AIS feed and the ToM feed are available to all subscribers, thus providing all subscribers to the data products with an even playing field with respect to information and access to trade on MIAX Options.                

### C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others

Written comments were neither solicited nor received.

## III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for Commission Action

                    The foregoing rule change has become effective pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A)(ii) of the Act,[19]                                          and Rule 19b-4(f)(2) [20]                                          thereunder. At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule change if it appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or appropriate in the public interest, for the protection of investors, or otherwise in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. If the Commission takes such action, the Commission shall institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule should be approved or disapproved.                

## IV. Solicitation of Comments

Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods:

### Electronic Comments

    - Use the Commission's internet comment form ( http://www.sec.gov/​rules/​sro.shtml ); or                
    - Send an email to rule-comments@sec.gov.                      Please include File Number SR-MIAX-2018-20 on the subject line.                

### Paper Comments

    - Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.

                    All submissions should refer to File Number SR-MIAX-2018-20. This file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on the Commission's internet website (                    *http://www.sec.gov/​rules/​sro.shtml*). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549 on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All comments received will be posted without change. Persons submitting comments are cautioned that we do not redact or edit personal identifying information from comment submissions. You should submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All submissions should refer to File Number SR-MIAX-2018-20, and should be submitted on or before                                         September 5, 2018.                

                        For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated authority.21

Eduardo A. Aleman,

Assistant Secretary.

# Footnotes

1.                             15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).                    
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2.                             17 CFR 240.19b-4.                    
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3.                             The term “MBBO” means the best bid or offer on the Exchange.                         *See*                         Exchange Rule 100.                         *See also*                         Exchange Rule 506(c)(2).                    
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4.                             The term “Public Customer” means a person that is not a broker or dealer in securities.                         *See*                         Exchange Rule 100.                    
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5.                             The term “Priority Customer” means a person or entity that (i) is not a broker or dealer in securities, and (ii) does not place more than 390 orders in listed options per day on average during a calendar month for its own beneficial account(s).                         *See*                         Exchange Rule 100.                    
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6.                                                     *See*                         Securities Exchange Act Release No. 69007 (February 28, 2013), 78 FR 14617 (March 6, 2013) (SR-MIAX-2013-05).                    
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7.                                                     *See id.*
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8.                                                     *See*                         Securities Exchange Act Release No. 69323 (April 5, 2013), 78 FR 21677 (April 11, 2013) (SR-MIAX-2013-14).                    
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9.                                                     *See*                         Securities Exchange Act Release No. 69320 (April 5, 2013), 78 FR 21661 (April 11, 2013) (SR-MIAX-2013-13).                    
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10.                                                     *See*                         Securities Exchange Act Release No. 73326 (October 9, 2014), 79 FR 62233 (October 16, 2014) (SR-MIAX-2014-51).                    
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11.                             15 U.S.C. 78f(b).                    
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12.                             15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).                    
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13.                             The term “Member” means an individual or organization approved to exercise the trading rights associated with a Trading Permit. Members are deemed “members” under the Exchange Act.                         *See*                         Exchange Rule 100.                    
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14.                             15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).                    
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15.                                                     *See supra*                         note 10.                    
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16.                                 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808 (June 9, 2005), 70 FR 37496 (June 29, 2005).                        
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17.                                                             *NetCoaltion,*                             at 15 (quoting H.R. Rep. No. 94-229, at 92 (1975), as reprinted in 1975 U.S.C.C.A.N. 321, 323).                        
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18.                                                     *See*                         William J. Baumol and Daniel G. Swanson, “The New Economy and Ubiquitous Competitive Price Discrimination: Identifying Defensible Criteria of Market Power,”                         *Antitrust Law Journal,*                         Vol. 70, No. 3 (2003).                    
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19.                             15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(ii).                    
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20.                             17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(2).                    
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21.                             17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).                    
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[FR Doc. 2018-17494 Filed 8-14-18; 8:45 am]

 BILLING CODE 8011-01-P