SwRIProgram ReviewProgramReviewHoushun ZhangDecember 1011 2014December10-11,20141DRAFT & DELIBERATIVEOutline•Program ObjectivesProgramObjectives•Overview of Technical Work ScopeOverviewofTechnicalWorkScopeDRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 2EPA & NHTSA Program ObjectivesEPA&NHTSAProgramObjectivesEPA: Focused on ComplianceMethods and Test ProceduresNHTSA : Focused on ComplianceStringenciesMethodsandTestProcedures• Provide comprehensive data sets forGEM validations•Develop and refine various testStringencies• FE/GHG technology baselines forclass 2b-8 engines, vehicles, andtrailersDevelopandrefinevarioustestprocedures• Evaluate the relationship betweenaerodynamic trailer devices and fuelconsumption/CO2 emissions– Current fleet segments– End of Phase 1 baseline• Phase 2 technology projections overappropriate dutycyclesconsumption/CO2emissions• Evaluate MD/HD powertrain systemsas one of certification options• Evaluate different driving cycle impactspp p y y– Effectiveness– Availability– Cost• Review of international FE/GHGon vehiclesregulatory approachesVehiclesModelingShared3,Engines, &Test DataModeling,Engine Maps,& Cost InfoComprehensive GHG II Rulemaking Support•Provide valuable data set for GEMvalidation•Play a critical role in introducing roadgrade into Phase II certification cycles•Evaluate aero impacts and refine test•Make dyno test more representative•Provide realistic road grade for Chassis testEvaluateaeroimpactsandrefinetestprocedureProviderealisticroadgradeforChassistest•Provide dyno coefficient to chassis dyno testFull Vehicle TestEngine TestFull Chassis Dyno TestSimulate vehicle tests•Provide massive andvaluable data for GEMvalidations•Develop test proceduresFull Vehicle Simulation GEMDeveloptestprocedures•Understand implicationto certification•Develop engine fuel mappingprocedures•Simulate powertrain test•Provide most reliable and repeatable results for•Identify sources of variability of chassis dyno•Prove the values of powertrain to chassis dynoas a viable alternative•Simulate engine FTP and SET withpowertrain system•Understand relationship betweenpowertrain and engine testspGEM validation•Prove the concept of powertrain system as oneof viable certification options•Develop powertrain test procedure•Identify issues and solutions for certification4p gPowertrain TestHardware TestsHardwareTestsTrucks/Powertrains/Engines• Vehicle Tests1. Kenworth T270 box truck with ISB engine and Allison transmission2. F650 two truck with ISB engine and Allison transmission3K th T700 t k ith ISX 15L i d E t AMT.KenworthT700truckwithISX15Lengine andEatonAMT4. Cascadia truck with DD15 engine and Eaton Manual transmission5. Transit city bus with ISX 9L engine and Voith transmission6.Refuse truck with ISL engine and Allison transmissionRefusetruckwithISLengineandAllisontransmission7. Prostar truck with N13 engine and Eaton AMT• Powertrain Tests–MD: Cummins’ ISB 300hpratinwith Allison transmissiong– HD: Navistar’s N13 455hp rating with Eaton AMT transmission• Engine Benchmark Tests–MD: Cummins’ ISB 240/300 hpratinsg– HD: Navistar’s N13 410/455/475 hp ratings5DRAFT & DELIBERATIVEEPA-SwRIProject OverviewProjectOverview- Vehicle TestsP i f f hi l t t i t id h i d t b•Primaryfocus ofvehicletestsisto provide comprehensivedatabasefor GEM validations• Three trucks are selected to run a text matrix(T700, T270, and F650vehicles)– 6 additional sets of vehicle variants per vehicle ( “a” and “c” coefficients,weights, optimized road load coefficient , etc.)• Drive cycle evaluations– Three EPA certification cycles:55 mph and 65 mph and transient cycles– Three or four additional cycleswere run depending on applications:delivery, parcel, world harmonize test cycle, city cycle, and refuse cycleOthd hi l t t ith l 8 t k•ver-e-roadvehicletests witha class8truck– One of critical routes to validate GEM with road grade measurement6DRAFT & DELIBERATIVEEPA-SwRIProject OverviewProjectOverview- Powertrain Test• Twopowertrain systems are evaluatedy– Medium duty powertrain with Cummins ISB 300hp rating engine and Allisontransmission– Heavy duty powertrain with Navistar N13 engine 455hp rating engine and Eatontransmission• The main purposes of the powertrain tests are– Evaluate feasibility of powertrain certification options–Develop test procedure of powertrain tests– Evaluate test-to-test variationbetween chassis and powertrain tests•The same driving cycles as vehicle will be evaluatedThesamedrivingcyclesasvehiclewillbeevaluated7DRAFT & DELIBERATIVEEPA-SwRIProject OverviewProjectOverview- Aerodynamic AssessmentE l t d fi t t d f t d d t t d•Evaluate andrefinetestprocedurefor coastdown andconstantspeedtests•Tractor trucks trailers trailer aerodynamic devices and equipmentTractortrucks,trailers,traileraerodynamicdevicesandequipment– Heavy duty class 8 sleeper cab tractor truck– Heavy duty class 8 day cab tractor truck– 53’ dry box van trailer–Aerodynamic trailer devices•Onroad evaluations of a fullsize class 7/8 tractortrailer combination-road,evaluationsofafull-sizeclass7/8tractor-trailercombinationwith and without aerodynamic trailer devices8DRAFT & DELIBERATIVEEPA-SwRIProject OverviewProjectOverview- GEM Validation121416

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GEM (MP G1:11:1+5%1:1‐5%246246810121416Results246810121416ExperimentalTests(MPG)• GEM has been validated against chassis dyno tests covering 130 vehiclevariants. Excellent agreements between GEM and tests have been9DRAFT & DELIBERATIVEobtained.Publications• J. W. Anthony, J.V. Sarlashkar, A. Phan, C. E. Roberts, Jr., H. Zhang,J. Sanchez, M. Spears, A. Cullen, Powertrain test cell and its testprocedure development for greenhouse gas emission measurements,A t d b ASME I t J V l N2014AcceptedbyASMEInt.J. ,Vol. x,No. x, xxxx,• H. Zhang, M. Spears, and A. Cullen, Technology recognition for thenext phase heavy-duty greenhouse gas emission and fuel efficiencystandards SAE 2014 Commercial Vehicle Engineering Congress Octstandards,SAE2014CommercialVehicleEngineeringCongress,Oct.7-9, 2014• J. Anthony, J. Sarlashkar, H. Zhang, J. Sanchez, M. Spears, A. Cullen,Chassis testing versus powertrain testing for heavy-duty vehiclegreenhouse gas emission measurements, SAE 2014 CommercialVehicle Engineering Congress, Oct. 7-9, 201410DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE