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###### Environmental Protection Agency

          - 40 CFR Part 180
          - [EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0315; FRL-9980-51]

# AGENCY:

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

# ACTION:

Final rule.

# SUMMARY:

                        This regulation establishes an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance for cerevisane (cell walls of                         *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                         strain LAS117) in or on all food commodities when used in accordance with label directions and good agricultural practices. Lesaffre Yeast Corporation submitted a petition to EPA under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) requesting an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance. This regulation eliminates the need to establish a maximum permissible level for residues of cerevisane (cell walls of                         *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                         strain LAS117) under FFDCA.                    

# DATES:

                        This regulation is effective August 9, 2018. Objections and requests for hearings must be received on or before October 9, 2018, and must be filed in accordance with the instructions provided in 40 CFR part 178 (see also Unit I.C. of the                         **SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION**                        ).                    

# ADDRESSES:

                        The docket for this action, identified by docket identification (ID) number EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0315, is available at                         *http://www.regulations.gov*                         or at the Office of Pesticide Programs Regulatory Public Docket (OPP Docket) in the Environmental Protection Agency Docket Center (EPA/DC), West William Jefferson Clinton Bldg., Rm. 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460-0001. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the OPP Docket is (703) 305-5805. Please review the visitor instructions and additional information about the docket available at                         *http://www.epa.gov/​dockets.*

# FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

                        Robert McNally, Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division (7511P), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460-0001; main telephone number: (703) 305-7090; email address:                         *BPPDFRNotices@epa.gov.*

# SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

## I. General Information

### A. Does this action apply to me?

You may be potentially affected by this action if you are an agricultural producer, food manufacturer, or pesticide manufacturer. The following list of North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) codes is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide to help readers determine whether this document applies to them. Potentially affected entities may include:
    - Crop production (NAICS code 111).
    - Animal production (NAICS code 112).
    - Food manufacturing (NAICS code 311).
    - Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS code 32532).

### B. How can I get electronic access to other related information?

                    You may access a frequently updated electronic version of 40 CFR part 180 through the Government Printing Office's e-CFR site at                     *http://www.ecfr.gov/​cgi-bin/​text-idx?​&​c=​ecfr&​tpl=​/​ecfrbrowse/​Title40/​40tab_​02.tpl.*

### C. How can I file an objection or hearing request?

Under FFDCA section 408(g), 21 U.S.C. 346a(g), any person may file an objection to any aspect of this regulation and may also request a hearing on those objections. You must file your objection or request a hearing on this regulation in accordance with the instructions provided in 40 CFR part 178. To ensure proper receipt by EPA, you must identify docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0315 in the subject line on the first page of your submission. All objections and requests for a hearing must be in writing, and must be received by the Hearing Clerk on or before October 9, 2018. Addresses for mail and hand delivery of objections and hearing requests are provided in 40 CFR 178.25(b).

In addition to filing an objection or hearing request with the Hearing Clerk as described in 40 CFR part 178, please submit a copy of the filing (excluding any Confidential Business Information (CBI)) for inclusion in the public docket. Information not marked confidential pursuant to 40 CFR part 2 may be disclosed publicly by EPA without prior notice. Submit the non-CBI copy of your objection or hearing request, identified by docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0315, by one of the following methods:
    -  Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov.                      Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Do not submit electronically any information you consider to be CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute.                
    -  Mail:                      OPP Docket, Environmental Protection Agency Docket Center (EPA/DC), (28221T), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460-0001.                
    -  Hand Delivery:                      To make special arrangements for hand delivery or delivery of boxed information, please follow the instructions at                      http://www.epa.gov/​dockets/​contacts.html.                      Additional instructions on commenting or visiting the docket, along with more information about dockets generally, is available at                      http://www.epa.gov/​dockets. 

## II. Background

                    In the                     **Federal Register**                     of March 6, 2018 (83 FR 9471) (FRL-9973-27), EPA issued a document pursuant to FFDCA section 408(d)(3), 21 U.S.C. 346a(d)(3), announcing the filing of a pesticide tolerance petition (PP 6F8535) by Technology Sciences Group Inc., 712 Fifth Street, Suite A, Davis, CA 95616 (on behalf of Lesaffre Yeast Corporation, 7475 W Main St., Milwaukee, WI 53214). The petition requested that 40 CFR 180 be amended by establishing an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance for residues of the systemic resistance inducer (SRI) cerevisane (cell walls of                     *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                     strain LAS117) in or on all food commodities. That document referenced a summary of the petition prepared by the petitioner, Technology Sciences Group Inc., (on behalf of Lesaffre Yeast Corporation), which is available in the docket via                     *http://www.regulations.gov.*                     There were no relevant comments received in response to the notice of filing.                

## III. Final Rule

### A. EPA's Safety Determination

                    Section 408(c)(2)(A)(i) of FFDCA allows EPA to establish an exemption from the requirement for a tolerance (the legal limit for a pesticide chemical residue in or on a food) only if EPA determines that the exemption is “safe.” Section 408(c)(2)(A)(ii) of FFDCA defines “safe” to mean that “there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result from aggregate exposure to the                           ( print page 39374)                        pesticide chemical residue, including all anticipated dietary exposures and all other exposures for which there is reliable information.” This includes exposure through drinking water and in residential settings but does not include occupational exposure. Pursuant to FFDCA section 408(c)(2)(B), in establishing or maintaining in effect an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance, EPA must take into account the factors set forth in FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(C), which require EPA to give special consideration to exposure of infants and children to the pesticide chemical residue in establishing a tolerance or tolerance exemption and to “ensure that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to infants and children from aggregate exposure to the pesticide chemical residue. . . .” Additionally, FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(D) requires that EPA consider “available information concerning the cumulative effects of [a particular pesticide's] . . . residues and other substances that have a common mechanism of toxicity.” FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(C) provides that EPA shall apply an additional tenfold (10X) margin of safety for infants and children in the case of threshold effects to account for prenatal and postnatal toxicity and the completeness of the database on toxicity and exposure unless EPA determines based on reliable data that a different margin of safety will be safe for infants and children. This additional margin of safety is commonly referred to as the FQPA Safety Factor (SF). In applying this provision, EPA either retains the default value of 10X, or uses a different additional safety factor when reliable data available to EPA support the choice of a different factor.                

                    EPA evaluated the available toxicity and exposure data on cerevisane (cell walls of                     *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                     strain LAS117) and considered their validity, completeness, and reliability, as well as the relationship of this information to human risk. EPA also considered available information concerning the variability of the sensitivities of major identifiable subgroups of consumers, including infants and children.                

                    Cerevisane is a whole cell wall extract of                     *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                     strain LAS117.                     *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                     is a common source of yeast, commonly used in the manufacturing of beers, wines, and liquor intended for human consumption because of its ability to ferment sugars into ethanol.                

                    Cerevisane is a systemic resistance inducer (SRI) that aids in the up-regulation of plant defense genes resulting in physiological changes, including the reinforcement of plant cell walls and the production of antimicrobial compounds,                     *e.g.,*                     hydrogen peroxide (an oxidant active against a wide variety of microorganisms) and phytoalexins (which inhibit mycelium growth and the fruitification of susceptible fungal pathogens), that impart resistance against fungal diseases.                

                    Based on the data submitted in support of this petition and the Agency's assessment of that data, EPA concludes that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to the U.S. population, including infants and children from aggregate exposures to a cerevisane (cells walls of                     *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                     strain LAS117). This conclusion is based on the lack of toxicity associated with this pesticide chemical residue; the available toxicology data indicate that the active ingredient is of low toxicity and is not a developmental toxicant or a mutagen; therefore, no toxicological endpoints were identified. Accordingly, given the lack of threshold effects, the FQPA Safety Factor need not be retained. The Agency has conducted a qualitative assessment of exposure and determined that dietary and drinking water exposure from the pesticide use is expected to be negligible since significant residues are not expected due to low application rates and rapid degradation rates following application. Non-occupational exposures are not expected since cerevisane (cells walls of                     *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                     strain LAS117) is not intended for residential use. Given the lack of toxicity, this minimal exposure aggregated with the background levels already present in commonly consumed foods that contain baker's yeast, or beer, wine, and liquor do not pose a risk of concern. A full explanation of the data upon which EPA relied, its risk assessment, and other supporting documents is available in the docket for this action as described under                     **ADDRESSES**                    .                

                    Based on its safety determination, EPA is establishing an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance for residues of cerevisane (cell walls of                     *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                     strain LAS117) in or on all food commodities when used in accordance with label directions and good agricultural practices.                

### B. Analytical Enforcement Methodology

                    An analytical method is not required for enforcement purposes due to the lack of concern about safety for cerevisane (cell walls of                     *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                     strain LAS117) at any exposure level.                

## IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

                    This action establishes an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance under FFDCA section 408(d) in response to a petition submitted to EPA. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has exempted these types of actions from review under Executive Order 12866, entitled “Regulatory Planning and Review” (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993). Because this action has been exempted from review under Executive Order 12866, this action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, entitled “Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use” (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001) or Executive Order 13045, entitled “Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks” (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997); nor is it considered a regulatory action under Executive Order 13771, entitled “Reducing Regulations and Controlling Regulatory Costs” (82 FR 9339, February 3, 2017). This action does not contain any information collections subject to OMB approval under the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA), 44 U.S.C. 3501*et seq.,*                     nor does it require any special considerations under Executive Order 12898, entitled “Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations” (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).                

                    Since tolerances and exemptions that are established on the basis of a petition under FFDCA section 408(d), such as the tolerance exemption in this action, do not require the issuance of a proposed rule, the requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601*et seq.*) do not apply.                

                    This action directly regulates growers, food processors, food handlers, and food retailers, not States or tribes. As a result, this action does not alter the relationships or distribution of power and responsibilities established by Congress in the preemption provisions of FFDCA section 408(n)(4). As such, EPA has determined that this action will not have a substantial direct effect on States or tribal governments, on the relationship between the national government and the States or tribal governments, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government or between the Federal Government and Indian tribes. Thus, EPA has determined that Executive Order 13132, entitled “Federalism” (64 FR 43255, August 10,                           ( print page 39375)                        1999), and Executive Order 13175, entitled “Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments” (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), do not apply to this action. In addition, this action does not impose any enforceable duty or contain any unfunded mandate as described under Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1501*et seq.*).                

This action does not involve any technical standards that would require EPA's consideration of voluntary consensus standards pursuant to section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) (15 U.S.C. 272 note).

## V. Congressional Review Act

                    Pursuant to the Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801*et seq.*), EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior to publication of the rule in the                     **Federal Register**                    . This action is not a “major rule” as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).                

# List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 180

      - Environmental protection
      - Administrative practice and procedure
      - Agricultural commodities
      - Pesticides and pests
      - Reporting and recordkeeping requirements

Dated: July 31, 2018.

Richard P. Keigwin, Jr.,

Director, Office of Pesticide Programs.

Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is amended as follows:

# PART 180—[AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for part 180 continues to read as follows: 

Authority:21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371.

2. Add § 180.1357 to subpart D to read as follows: 

§ 180.1357 

                            Residues of the biochemical pesticide cerevisane (cell walls of                             *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*                             strain LAS117) are exempt from the requirement of a tolerance in or on all food commodities, when used in accordance with label directions and good agricultural practices.                        

[FR Doc. 2018-17081 Filed 8-8-18; 8:45 am]

 BILLING CODE 6560-50-P