UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 

MEMORANDUM 

Date: 28-JUL-2014 

OFFICE OF 

CHEMICAL SAFETY AND 

POLLUTION PREVENTION 

SUBJECT: Metaldehyde. Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) 

Exposure and Risk Assessments to Support New Uses on Vegetable, Legume, 

edible podded [subgroup 6A], Pea and bean, succulent shelled [subgroup 6B], 

Vegetable, Foliage ofLegume, except Soybean [subgroup 7A], Clover forage and 

hay, and Ginseng; and for Amendments to Existing Tolerances for Tomato 

[subgroup 8-lOA], and Fruit, Citrus [group 10-10). 

PC Code: 05300 I 

Decision No.: 4g(,t/U. 

Petition No.: 3E8223 

Risk Assessment Type: Dietary Aggregate Risk 

TXRNo.: NA 

MRIDNo.: NA 

DP Barcode: 0420705 

Registration No.: NA 

Regulatory Action: Section 3 Registration 

Case No.: NA 

CAS No.: I 08-62-3 

40 CFR: § 180.523 

FROM: 

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Austin 

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Dietary Exposure Science Ad 1sory Council (DESA 

HED (7509P) 

TO: Matthew Lloyd, Risk Assessor 

RAB VII 

HED (7509P) 

Page 1 of20 
Metaldehyde (05300 I) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment 0420705 

Executive Summary 

Acute and chronic aggregate dietary (food and drinking water) exposure and risk assessments 

were conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model with the Food Commodity Intake 

Database (DEEM-FCID) Version 3.18. This software incorporates 2003-2008 food consumption 

data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Health and Nutrition Examination 

Survey, What We Eat in America, (NHANES/WWEIA). The analyses were performed to 

support Section 3 registration requests for new uses on crop subgroups 6A, 6B, 7 A, and 8-1 OA; 

clover, ginseng; and crop group 10-10. This memo was reviewed by two members ofthe 

DESAC, per the current DESAC SOP. 

Acute Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure Results and Characterization 

An unrefined acute dietary assessment was conducted using tolerance-level residues, I 00% crop 

treated assumptions, and modeled water numbers. At the 95th percentile of exposure, the 

estimated risk is :555% of the acute population adjusted dose (aPAD) for the U.S. population and 

all population subgroups. 

Chronic Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure Results and Characterization 

A conservative chronic dietary assessment was conducted using tolerance-level residues, I 00% 

crop treated assumptions, and modeled water numbers. The estimated risk is :551% of the 

chronic population adjusted dose ( cP AD) for the U.S. population and all population subgroups. 

I. Introduction 

Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a given pesticide. For acute 

and chronic assessments, the risk is expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose 

(i.e., the dose which HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health effects). 

This dose is referred to as the population adjusted dose (PAD). The PAD is equivalent to the 

point of departure (POD, NOAEL, LOAEL, e.g.) divided by the required uncertainty or safety 

factors. 

For acute and chronic exposures, HED is concerned when estimated dietary risk exceeds 100% 

ofthe PAD. References which discuss the acute and chronic risk assessments in more detail are 

available on the EPA/pesticides web site: "Available Information on Assessing Exposure from 

Pesticides, A User's Guide," 21 -JUN-2000, web link: http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPAPEST/2000/Julv/Day-I2/606l.pdf; or see SOP 99.6 (20-AUG-1999). 

The most recent dietary risk assessment for metaldehyde was conducted by W. Donovan 

(D408746, 23-MA Y -20 13). 

II. Residue Information 

Tolerances for metaldehyde are established under 40 CFR § 180.523, see Table 1. The residue of 

concern in plants consists of the parent compound. 

Page 2 of20 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 3 of 20

Table 1. Established Metaldehyde Tolerances

Commodity Parts Per Million

Artichoke, globe 0.07

Berry group 13 0.15

Berry, low growing, subgroup 13-07G 6.25

Bushberry subgroup 13-07B 0.15

Cactus 0.07

Caneberry subgroup 13-07A 0.15

Corn, field, grain 0.05

Corn, sweet, kernel plus cob with husks removed 0.05

Fruit, citrus, group 10 0.26

Leaf petioles subgroup 4B 0.50

Lettuce 1.73

Peppermint, oil 12.0

Peppermint, tops 4.00

Soybean 0.05

Spearmint, oil 12.0

Spearmint, tops 4.00

Strawberry 6.25

Taro, corm 0.15

Taro, leaves 1.00

Tomato 0.24

Vegetable, brassica, leafy, group 5 2.50

Watercress 3.20

Requirements for animal metabolism and feeding studies have been waived. The Agency 

concluded that residues are unlikely to occur in livestock commodities based upon the rapid 

degradation of metaldehyde in livestock systems and the subsequent incorporation of degradates 

into naturally occurring components. 

The recommended tolerances for metaldehyde for the current action are shown in Table 2

(D418047, A. Doh, 7/10/14). 

Table 2. Tolerance Summary for Metaldehyde.

Commodity Proposed Tolerance 

(ppm)

Recommended 

Tolerance (ppm)

Comments; Correct Commodity 

Definition

Vegetable, legume, edible 

podded, subgroup 6A

0.80 0.80

Pea and bean, succulent 

shelled, subgroup 6B

0.20 0.20

Tomato subgroup 8-10A 0.24 0.24

Fruit, citrus, group 10-10 0.26 0.26

Ginseng 0.05 0.05

For all dietary risk assessments, the established and recommended tolerances were used and 

100% crop treated was assumed. Processing studies for tomatoes and oranges indicate that 

metaldehyde residues do not concentrate in processed commodities derived from these crops

(D311889, F. Fort, 05-MAY-2005). The orange juice processing factor of 1.0 was extrapolated 

to other citrus juices. Exaggerated rate studies in corn and soybean showed no detectable grain 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 4 of 20

or seed residues at rates of 5× and 10×, respectively. Therefore, no processing factors were used 

in the analyses except for those processed commodities for which no processing studies are 

typically conducted (tomato, dried; tomato, juice; cranberry, juice; and high fructose corn syrup), 

for which default factors were used.

The USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) monitored pesticide residues in catfish in 2008, 2009, 

and 2010. In general, pesticide residues would not be expected to be found in fish unless the 

pesticide bio accumulates or has an aquatic use. This is unlikely based on the KOW of 1.33 (which 

is less than 2.5). To determine whether or not residues are present in fish, HED now routinely 

checks PDP monitoring data regardless of the pesticide’s uses and physicochemical properties. 

However, PDP did not analyze catfish samples for metaldehyde. As a result, residues in fish 

were not included in the assessment.

III. Percent Crop Treated Information

The acute and chronic assessments assumed 100% crop treated for all registered and proposed 

new use crops.

IV. Drinking Water Data

The drinking water residues used in the dietary risk assessment were provided by the 

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED): D404861, J. Hetrick and M. Biscoe, 17-JUL2013; and email message from M. Biscoe to W. Donovan, 15-JUL-2014. In addition to point 

estimates for deterministic assessments, a full distribution of water values was provided for a 

probabilistic assessment. Water residues were incorporated in the DEEM-FCID into the food 

categories “water, direct, all sources” and “water, indirect, all sources.” 

There are no monitoring data currently available for metaldehyde in drinking water. Estimated 

drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) were generated using computer modeling procedures. 

The highest EDWCs resulted from the special mollusk eradication use on turf, and these values 

were used in the present dietary analysis. Surface water estimates were determined using the 

PRZM-EXAMS model and ground water estimates were determined using the PRZM-GW 

model. These latter values were recommended for use in the human-health dietary risk 

assessment as they were the highest values obtained. Additional information concerning the 

water models is available at the EPA internet site:

http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/science/models_pg.htm#aquatic.

Maximum application rates for metaldehyde as a high-end estimate of exposure in drinking 

water were modeled based on the proposed labels. Chemical specific and model input values 

were chosen in accordance with current EFED input parameter guidance (USEPA, 2009). The 

maximum surface and ground water EDWCs for use in the human-health risk assessment for 

metaldehyde are shown in Table 3. 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 5 of 20

Table 3. Maximum Tier II estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) in parts per 

billion (μg/L) resulting from 6 applications of 2 lb a.i./acre of metaldehyde to turf with a 

reapplication interval of 14 days.

Drinking water source 

(model)

1-in-10 year 30-year simulation

Acute Chronic Acute Chronic

Surface water (PRZMEXAMS)1 205 136 - 83

Ground water (PRZMGW)2

- - 1880 915

1D404861, J. Hetrick and M. Biscoe, 7/17/13.

2Values updated by M. Biscoe in email message to W. Donovan, 7/15/14. 

V. DEEM-FCID Program and Consumption Information

Metaldehyde acute and chronic dietary exposure assessments were conducted using the DEEMFCID, Version 3.18, which incorporates 2003-2008 food consumption data from USDA’s 

NHANES/WWEIA. The data are based on the reported consumption of more than 20,000 

individuals over two non-consecutive survey days. Foods “as consumed” (e.g., apple pie) are 

linked to EPA-defined food commodities (e.g., apples, peeled fruit - cooked; fresh or N/S; baked; 

or wheat flour - cooked; fresh or N/S, baked) using publicly available recipe translation files 

developed jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA. For chronic exposure assessment, consumption data 

are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within population subgroups. However, for acute 

exposure assessment, consumption data are retained as individual consumption events. Based on 

analysis of the 2003-2008 WWEIA consumption data, which took into account dietary patterns 

and survey respondents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report risk for the 

following population subgroups: the general U.S. population, all infants (<1 year old), children 

1-2, children 3-5, children 6-12, youth 13-19, adults 20-49, females 13-49, and adults 50-99

years old.

For a chronic dietary exposure assessment, an estimate of the residue level in each food or foodform (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the food commodity residue list is multiplied by the 

average daily consumption estimate for that food/food form to produce a residue intake estimate. 

The resulting residue intake estimate for each food/food form is summed with the residue intake 

estimates for all other food/food forms on the commodity residue list to arrive at the total 

average estimated exposure. Exposure is expressed in mg/kg body weight/day and as a percent 

of the cPAD. This procedure is performed for each population subgroup.

For an acute exposure assessment, individual one-day food consumption data are used on an 

individual-by-individual basis. The reported consumption amounts of each food item can be 

multiplied by a residue point estimate and summed to obtain a total daily pesticide exposure for a 

deterministic exposure assessment, or “matched” in multiple random pairings with residue values 

and then summed in a probabilistic assessment. The resulting distribution of exposures is 

expressed as a percentage of the aPAD on both a user (i.e., only those who reported eating 

relevant commodities/food forms) and a per-capita (i.e., those who reported eating the relevant 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

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commodities as well as those who did not) basis. In accordance with HED policy, per capita 

exposure and risk are reported for analyses performed at all levels of refinement. However, for 

deterministic assessments, any significant differences in user vs. per capita exposure and risk are 

specifically identified and noted in the risk assessment.

VI. Toxicological Information

The Metaldehyde risk assessment team in consultation with the ToxSAC (Toxicology Science 

Advisory Council) selected doses and endpoints for risk assessment. The toxicological doses 

and endpoints used for dietary risk assessment are summarized in Table 4.

Table 4. Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for Metaldehyde for Use in Dietary Human 

Health Risk Assessments.

Exposure/

Scenario

Point of 

Departure

Uncertainty/

FQPA 

Safety 

Factors

RfD, PAD, Level of 

Concern for Risk 

Assessment Study and Toxicological Effects

Acute 

Dietary (All 

Populations)

NOAEL = 

30 

mg/kg/day

UFA 10x

UFH 10x

FQPA SF = 

1X

aRfD = 0.30 

mg/kg/day

aPAD = 0.30 

mg/kg/day

Chronic dog oral toxicity study

LOAEL = 90 mg/kg/day, based on 

clinical signs (ataxia, tremor, salivation, 

twitching) seen on day 1 of dosing 

(both sexes).

Chronic 

Dietary (All 

Populations)

NOAEL = 

10 

mg/kg/day

UFA 10x

UFH 10x

FQPA SF = 

1X

cRfD = 0.10 

mg/kg/day

cPAD = 0.10 

mg/kg/day

Chronic dog oral toxicity study

LOAEL = 30 mg/kg/day, based on 

death and atrophy of the testes and 

prostate

Cancer 

Classification: Suggestive Evidence of Carcinogenicity; EPA has determined that quantification 

of risk using a non-linear approach (i.e., RfD) will adequately account for all chronic toxicity, 

including carcinogenicity.

Point of Departure (POD) = A data point or an estimated point that is derived from observed dose-response data and used to mark the beginning 

of extrapolation to determine risk associated with lower environmentally relevant human exposures. NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level. 

LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level. UF = uncertainty factor. UFA = extrapolation from animal to human (intraspecies). UFH = 

potential variation in sensitivity among members of the human population (interspecies). FQPA SF = FQPA Safety Factor. PAD = population 

adjusted dose (a = acute, c = chronic). RfD = reference dose. 

The Agency recommends that the 10X FQPA safety factor for the protection of infants and 

children be reduced to 1X. The risk assessments conducted for metaldehyde were based on the 

most sensitive endpoints in the toxicity database, and the NOAELs selected for risk assessment 

are considered protective of potential developmental, neurotoxic, and immunotoxic effects for 

infants and children. Conservative exposure estimates were incorporated into the risk 

assessment for metaldehyde. There are no residual uncertainties with regard to pre- and/or 

postnatal toxicity, neurotoxicity, or exposure; therefore, reduction of the 10X FQPA safety factor 

to 1X is appropriate.

VII. Results/Discussion 

As stated above, for acute and chronic assessments, HED is concerned when dietary risk exceeds 

100% of the PAD. The DEEM-FCID analyses estimate the dietary exposure of the U.S. 

population and various population subgroups. The results reported in Table 5 are for the general 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 7 of 20

U.S. Population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5, children 6-12, youth 13-19, 

females 13-49, adults 20-49, and adults 50-99 years. 

Results of Acute Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure Analysis

An unrefined acute dietary assessment was conducted using tolerance-level residues, 100% crop 

treated assumptions, and modeled water numbers. At the 95th percentile of exposure, the 

estimated risk is ≤55 % of the acute population adjusted dose (aPAD) for the U.S. population and 

all population subgroups. Results are shown in Table 5.

Results of Chronic Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure Analysis 

A conservative chronic dietary assessment was conducted using tolerance-level residues, 100% 

crop treated assumptions, and modeled water numbers. The estimated risk is ≤51 % of the 

chronic population adjusted dose (cPAD) for the U.S. population and all subpopulations. Results 

are shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Summary of Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk for Metaldehyde.

1

Population Subgroup

Acute Dietary

(95th Percentile) Chronic Dietary Cancer

Dietary 

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day)

% aPAD

Dietary 

Exposure

(mg/kg/day)

% cPAD

Dietary 

Exposure

(mg/kg/day)

Risk

General U.S. Population 0.053956 18.0 0.016151 22.0

N/A N/A

All Infants (< 1 year old) 0.165402 55.1 0.051359 51.4

Children 1-2 years old 0.090370 30.1 0.035775 35.8

Children 3-5 years old 0.072701 24.2 0.029568 29.6

Children 6-12 years old 0.051399 17.1 0.020479 20.5

Youth 13-19 years old 0.041418 13.8 0.016263 16.3

Adults 20-49 years old 0.053415 17.8 0.021418 21.4

Adults 50-99 years old 0.051142 17.0 0.021529 21.5

Females 13-49 years old 0.054209 18.1 0.021545 21.5

1Highest exposure identified in bold.

To assess the contribution of drinking water to the dietary exposure of metaldehyde, both acute 

and chronic analysis were run without modeled water estimates. The results are reported in Table 

6, including the general U.S. Population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5, 

children 6-12, youth 13-19, females 13-49, adults 20-49, and adults 50-99 year population 

subgroups.
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

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Results of Acute Dietary (Food Only) Exposure Analysis

A conservative acute dietary assessment was conducted using tolerance-level residues and 100% 

crop treated assumptions. At the 95th percentile of exposure, the estimated risk from food 

sources is ≤11% of the acute population adjusted dose (aPAD) for the U.S. population and all 

population subgroups. Results are shown in Table 6.

Results of Chronic Dietary (Food Only) Exposure Analysis 

A conservative chronic dietary assessment was conducted using tolerance-level residues and 

100% crop treated assumptions. The estimated risk from food sources is ≤8.1% of the chronic 

population adjusted dose (cPAD) for the U.S. population and all subpopulations. Results are 

shown in Table 6.

Table 6. Summary of Dietary (Food only) Exposure and Risk for Metaldehyde.

1

Population Subgroup

Acute Dietary

(95th Percentile) Chronic Dietary Cancer

Dietary 

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day)

% aPAD

Dietary 

Exposure

(mg/kg/day)

% cPAD

Dietary 

Exposure

(mg/kg/day)

Risk

General U.S. Population 0.011030 3.7 0.002854 2.9

N/A N/A

All Infants (< 1 year old) 0.007663 2.6 0.001957 2.0

Children 1-2 years old 0.033819 11.3 0.008137 8.1

Children 3-5 years old 0.022429 7.5 0.006282 6.3

Children 6-12 years old 0.014674 4.9 0.003686 3.7

Youth 13-19 years old 0.009390 3.1 0.002291 2.3

Adults 20-49 years old 0.009133 3.0 0.002302 2.3

Adults 50-99 years old 0.009830 3.3 0.002632 2.6

Females 13-49 years old 0.010292 3.4 0.002499 2.5

1Highest exposure identified in bold.

VIII. Characterization of Inputs/Outputs

HED has conducted conservative acute and chronic dietary risk assessments. These assessments 

could be refined using highest and mean residue levels instead of tolerance level residues and/or 

percent crop treated data. However, since risks were not of concern, such refinements were not

conducted. The full distribution of modeled drinking water estimates were included in the acute 

analysis using a residue distribution file (see Attachment 5). For the chronic analysis, the water 

contribution of 915 ppb was included as a point estimate. 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

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Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

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IX. Conclusions

HED conducted acute and chronic dietary risk assessments which incorporated tolerance level 

residues, 100% crop treated assumptions, and modeled water numbers. For food and water 

exposures, acute and chronic dietary risks to all population subgroups were ≤55% and ≤51% of 

the aPAD and cPAD, respectively. For food only exposures, acute and chronic dietary risks to 

all population subgroups were ≤11% and ≤8.1% of the aPAD and cPAD, respectively. 

Comparison of food and drinking water results to the food only results demonstrate that water is 

the primary contributor to risk. HED is confident that these assessments do not underestimate 

risk to the general U.S. population or any population subgroup.

X. List of Attachments

Attachment 1. Acute Residue Input File

Attachment 2. Acute Results File

Attachment 3. Chronic Residue Input File

Attachment 4. Chronic Results File

Attachment 5. Water Residue Distribution File

Attachment 6. Acute Results File (Food-only)

Attachment 7. Chronic Results File (Food-only)
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 11 of 20

Attachment 1. Acute Residue Input File

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d

DEEM-FCID Acute analysis for METALDEHYDE

Residue file name: C:\Users\adoh\Desktop\Metaldehyde\053001a.R08

Analysis Date 07-28-2014 Residue file dated: 07-28-2014/07:31:30

Reference dose (aRfD) = 0.3 mg/kg bw/day

Comment: metaldehyde food and water (PRZM-GW model) acute monte

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

RDL indices and parameters for Monte Carlo Analysis:

Index Dist Parameter #1 Param #2 Param #3 Comment

 # Code 

----- ---- ------------ ----------- ----------- ----------

 1 6 Water.rdf

 EPA Crop Food Name Def Res Adj.Factors RDL Comment

 Code Grp (ppm) #1 #2 Pntr

---------- ---- ------------------------------- ---------- ------ ------ --- -------

9500016000 O Artichoke, globe 0.070000 1.000 1.000 

0602037000 6B Bean, lima, succulent 0.200000 1.000 1.000 

0601043000 6A Bean, snap, succulent 0.800000 1.000 1.000 

0601043001 6A Bean, snap, succulent-babyfood 0.800000 1.000 1.000 

1301055000 13A Blackberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301056000 13A Blackberry, juice 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301056001 13A Blackberry, juice-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1302057000 13B Blueberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1302057001 13B Blueberry-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301058000 13A Boysenberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0501061000 5A Broccoli 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501061001 5A Broccoli-babyfood 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501062000 5A Broccoli, Chinese 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0502063000 5B Broccoli raab 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501064000 5A Brussels sprouts 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501069000 5A Cabbage 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0502070000 5B Cabbage, Chinese, bok choy 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501071000 5A Cabbage, Chinese, napa 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501072000 5A Cabbage, Chinese, mustard 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

9500073000 O Cactus 0.070000 1.000 1.000 

0402076000 4B Cardoon 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501083000 5A Cauliflower 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0402085000 4B Celery 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0402085001 4B Celery-babyfood 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0402086000 4B Celery, juice 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0402087000 4B Celtuce 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

1001106000 10A Citron 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001107000 10A Citrus hybrids 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001108000 10A Citrus, oil 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0502117000 5B Collards 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

1500120000 15 Corn, field, flour 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500120001 15 Corn, field, flour-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500121000 15 Corn, field, meal 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500121001 15 Corn, field, meal-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500122000 15 Corn, field, bran 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500123000 15 Corn, field, starch 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500123001 15 Corn, field, starch-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500124000 15 Corn, field, syrup 0.050000 1.500 1.000 

1500124001 15 Corn, field, syrup-babyfood 0.050000 1.500 1.000 

1500125000 15 Corn, field, oil 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500125001 15 Corn, field, oil-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500127000 15 Corn, sweet 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500127001 15 Corn, sweet-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1307130000 13G Cranberry 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307130001 13G Cranberry-babyfood 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307131000 13G Cranberry, dried 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307132000 13G Cranberry, juice 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307132001 13G Cranberry, juice-babyfood 6.250000 1.000 1.000 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 12 of 20

1302136000 13B Currant 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1302137000 13B Currant, dried 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0103139000 1CD Dasheen, corm 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0200140000 2 Dasheen, leaves 1.000000 1.000 1.000 

1302149000 13B Elderberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0402152000 4B Fennel, Florence 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0101168000 1AB Ginseng, dried 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1302174000 13B Gooseberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1003180000 10C Grapefruit 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1003181000 10C Grapefruit, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1302191000 13B Huckleberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0502194000 5B Kale 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501196000 5A Kohlrabi 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

1002197000 10B Kumquat 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002199000 10B Lemon 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002200000 10B Lemon, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002200001 10B Lemon, juice-babyfood 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002201000 10B Lemon, peel 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0401204000 4A Lettuce, head 1.730000 1.000 1.000 

0401205000 4A Lettuce, leaf 1.730000 1.000 1.000 

1002206000 10B Lime 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002207000 10B Lime, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002207001 10B Lime, juice-babyfood 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1301208000 13A Loganberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0502229000 5B Mustard greens 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

1001240000 10A Orange 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001241000 10A Orange, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001241001 10A Orange, juice-babyfood 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001242000 10A Orange, peel 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0602255000 6B Pea, succulent 0.200000 1.000 1.000 

0601257000 6A Pea, edible podded, succulent 0.800000 1.000 1.000 

9500275000 O Peppermint 4.000000 1.000 1.000 

9500276000 O Peppermint, oil 12.000000 1.000 1.000 

1003307000 10C Pummelo 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0502318000 5B Rape greens 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

1301320000 13A Raspberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301320001 13A Raspberry-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301321000 13A Raspberry, juice 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301321001 13A Raspberry, juice-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0402322000 4B Rhubarb 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0600347000 6 Soybean, seed 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0603348000 6C Soybean, flour 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0603348001 6C Soybean, flour-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0600349000 6 Soybean, soy milk 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0600349001 6 Soybean, soy milk-babyfood or in 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0600350000 6 Soybean, oil 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0600350001 6 Soybean, oil-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

9500352000 O Spearmint 4.000000 1.000 1.000 

9500353000 O Spearmint, oil 12.000000 1.000 1.000 

1307359000 13G Strawberry 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307359001 13G Strawberry-babyfood 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307360000 13G Strawberry, juice 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307360001 13G Strawberry, juice-babyfood 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

0402367000 4B Swiss chard 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

1001369000 10A Tangerine 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001370000 10A Tangerine, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0801375000 8A Tomato 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801375001 8A Tomato-babyfood 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801376000 8A Tomato, paste 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801376001 8A Tomato, paste-babyfood 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801377000 8A Tomato, puree 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801377001 8A Tomato, puree-babyfood 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801378000 8A Tomato, dried 0.240000 14.300 1.000 

0801378001 8A Tomato, dried-babyfood 0.240000 14.300 1.000 

0801379000 8A Tomato, juice 0.240000 1.500 1.000 

0801380000 8A Tomato, Tree 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0502389000 5B Turnip, greens 2.500000 1.000 1.000 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 13 of 20

8601000000 86A Water, direct, all sources 1.880000 1.000 1.000 1 

8602000000 86B Water, indirect, all sources 1.880000 1.000 1.000 1 

9500398000 O Watercress 3.200000 1.000 1.000 

0601349500 6AB Soybean, vegetable 0.050000 1.000 1.000 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 14 of 20

Attachment 2. Acute Results File

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for METALDEHYDE NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day

Residue file: 053001a.R08 Adjustment factor #2 NOT used.

Analysis Date: 07-28-2014/07:38:36 Residue file dated: 07-28-2014/07:31:30

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours

MC iterations = 1000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 8; RNG = MS VB

Run Comment: "metaldehyde food and water (PRZM-GW model) acute monte"

===============================================================================

Summary calculations--per capita:

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile

Exposure % aRfD Exposure % aRfD Exposure % aRfD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------

Total US Population:

 0.053956 17.99 0.099460 33.15 0.191026 63.68 

All Infants:

 0.165402 55.13 0.285053 95.02 0.467265 155.75 

Children 1-2:

 0.090370 30.12 0.164459 54.82 0.295551 98.52 

Children 3-5:

 0.072701 24.23 0.128486 42.83 0.223913 74.64 

Children 6-12:

 0.051399 17.13 0.094222 31.41 0.172531 57.51 

Youth 13-19:

 0.041418 13.81 0.082112 27.37 0.154290 51.43 

Adults 20-49:

 0.053415 17.80 0.094663 31.55 0.154756 51.59 

Adults 50-99:

 0.051142 17.05 0.084483 28.16 0.142694 47.56 

Female 13-49:

 0.054209 18.07 0.096056 32.02 0.154266 51.42 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 15 of 20

Attachment 3. Chronic Residue Input File

US EPA Ver. 3.16, 03-08-d

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for METALDEHYDE

Residue file: C:\Users\adoh\Desktop\Metaldehyde\053001c.R08Adjust. #2 NOT used

Analysis Date 07-28-2014 Residue file dated: 07-28-2014/07:31:50

Reference dose (RfD) = 0.1 mg/kg bw/day

Comment:metaldehyde food and water (PRZM-GW) chronic

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Food Crop Residue Adj.Factors

EPA Code Grp Food Name (ppm) #1 #2 

---------- ---- ------------------------------- ---------- ------ ------

9500016000 O Artichoke, globe 0.070000 1.000 1.000 

0602037000 6B Bean, lima, succulent 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0601043000 6A Bean, snap, succulent 0.800000 1.000 1.000 

1301055000 13A Blackberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301056000 13A Blackberry, juice 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301056001 13A Blackberry, juice-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1302057000 13B Blueberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1302057001 13B Blueberry-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301058000 13A Boysenberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0501061000 5A Broccoli 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501061001 5A Broccoli-babyfood 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501062000 5A Broccoli, Chinese 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0502063000 5B Broccoli raab 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501064000 5A Brussels sprouts 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501069000 5A Cabbage 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0502070000 5B Cabbage, Chinese, bok choy 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501071000 5A Cabbage, Chinese, napa 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501072000 5A Cabbage, Chinese, mustard 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

9500073000 O Cactus 0.070000 1.000 1.000 

0402076000 4B Cardoon 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501083000 5A Cauliflower 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0402085000 4B Celery 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0402085001 4B Celery-babyfood 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0402086000 4B Celery, juice 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0402087000 4B Celtuce 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

1001106000 10A Citron 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001107000 10A Citrus hybrids 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001108000 10A Citrus, oil 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0502117000 5B Collards 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

1500120000 15 Corn, field, flour 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500120001 15 Corn, field, flour-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500121000 15 Corn, field, meal 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500121001 15 Corn, field, meal-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500122000 15 Corn, field, bran 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500123000 15 Corn, field, starch 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500123001 15 Corn, field, starch-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500124000 15 Corn, field, syrup 0.050000 1.500 1.000 

1500124001 15 Corn, field, syrup-babyfood 0.050000 1.500 1.000 

1500125000 15 Corn, field, oil 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500125001 15 Corn, field, oil-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500127000 15 Corn, sweet 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1500127001 15 Corn, sweet-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

1307130000 13G Cranberry 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307130001 13G Cranberry-babyfood 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307131000 13G Cranberry, dried 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307132000 13G Cranberry, juice 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307132001 13G Cranberry, juice-babyfood 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1302136000 13B Currant 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1302137000 13B Currant, dried 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0103139000 1CD Dasheen, corm 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0200140000 2 Dasheen, leaves 1.000000 1.000 1.000 

1302149000 13B Elderberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0402152000 4B Fennel, Florence 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0101168000 1AB Ginseng, dried 0.050000 1.000 1.000 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 16 of 20

1302174000 13B Gooseberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1003180000 10C Grapefruit 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1003181000 10C Grapefruit, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1302191000 13B Huckleberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0502194000 5B Kale 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

0501196000 5A Kohlrabi 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

1002197000 10B Kumquat 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002199000 10B Lemon 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002200000 10B Lemon, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002200001 10B Lemon, juice-babyfood 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002201000 10B Lemon, peel 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0401204000 4A Lettuce, head 1.730000 1.000 1.000 

0401205000 4A Lettuce, leaf 1.730000 1.000 1.000 

1002206000 10B Lime 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002207000 10B Lime, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1002207001 10B Lime, juice-babyfood 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1301208000 13A Loganberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0502229000 5B Mustard greens 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

1001240000 10A Orange 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001241000 10A Orange, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001241001 10A Orange, juice-babyfood 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001242000 10A Orange, peel 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0602255001 6B Pea, succulent-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0601257000 6A Pea, edible podded, succulent 0.800000 1.000 1.000 

9500275000 O Peppermint 4.000000 1.000 1.000 

9500276000 O Peppermint, oil 12.000000 1.000 1.000 

1003307000 10C Pummelo 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0502318000 5B Rape greens 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

1301320000 13A Raspberry 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301320001 13A Raspberry-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301321000 13A Raspberry, juice 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

1301321001 13A Raspberry, juice-babyfood 0.150000 1.000 1.000 

0402322000 4B Rhubarb 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

0600347000 6 Soybean, seed 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0603348000 6C Soybean, flour 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0603348001 6C Soybean, flour-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0600349000 6 Soybean, soy milk 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0600349001 6 Soybean, soy milk-babyfood or in 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0600350000 6 Soybean, oil 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

0600350001 6 Soybean, oil-babyfood 0.050000 1.000 1.000 

9500352000 O Spearmint 4.000000 1.000 1.000 

9500353000 O Spearmint, oil 12.000000 1.000 1.000 

1307359000 13G Strawberry 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307359001 13G Strawberry-babyfood 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307360000 13G Strawberry, juice 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

1307360001 13G Strawberry, juice-babyfood 6.250000 1.000 1.000 

0402367000 4B Swiss chard 0.500000 1.000 1.000 

1001369000 10A Tangerine 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

1001370000 10A Tangerine, juice 0.260000 1.000 1.000 

0801375000 8A Tomato 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801375001 8A Tomato-babyfood 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801376000 8A Tomato, paste 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801376001 8A Tomato, paste-babyfood 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801377000 8A Tomato, puree 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801377001 8A Tomato, puree-babyfood 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0801378000 8A Tomato, dried 0.240000 14.300 1.000 

0801378001 8A Tomato, dried-babyfood 0.240000 14.300 1.000 

0801379000 8A Tomato, juice 0.240000 1.500 1.000 

0801380000 8A Tomato, Tree 0.240000 1.000 1.000 

0502389000 5B Turnip, greens 2.500000 1.000 1.000 

8601000000 86A Water, direct, all sources 0.915000 1.000 1.000 

8602000000 86B Water, indirect, all sources 0.915000 1.000 1.000 

9500398000 O Watercress 3.200000 1.000 1.000 

0601349500 6AB Soybean, vegetable 0.050000 1.000 1.000 
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 17 of 20

Attachment 4. Chronic Results File

US EPA Ver. 3.16, 03-08-d

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for METALDEHYDE NHANES 2003-2008 2-day

Residue file name: C:\Users\adoh\Desktop\Metaldehyde\053001c.R08

 Adjustment factor #2 NOT used.

Analysis Date 07-28-2014/07:42:48 Residue file dated: 07-28-2014/07:31:50

Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = .1 mg/kg bw/day

COMMENT 1: metaldehyde food and water (PRZM-GW) chronic

===============================================================================

 Total exposure by population subgroup

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Total Exposure

 -----------------------------------

 Population mg/kg Percent of 

 Subgroup body wt/day Rfd 

-------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------

Total US Population 0.022014 22.0%

Hispanic 0.021021 21.0%

Non-Hisp-White 0.022579 22.6%

Non-Hisp-Black 0.018608 18.6%

Non-Hisp-Other 0.025151 25.2%

Nursing Infants 0.018547 18.5%

Non-Nursing Infants 0.066013 66.0%

Female 13+ PREG 0.020653 20.7%

Children 1-6 0.031265 31.3%

Children 7-12 0.019429 19.4%

Male 13-19 0.015322 15.3%

Female 13-19/NP 0.017201 17.2%

Male 20+ 0.020010 20.0%

Female 20+/NP 0.022812 22.8%

Seniors 55+ 0.021245 21.2%

All Infants 0.051359 51.4%

Female 13-50 0.021566 21.6%

Children 1-2 0.035775 35.8%

Children 3-5 0.029568 29.6%

Children 6-12 0.020479 20.5%

Youth 13-19 0.016263 16.3%

Adults 20-49 0.021418 21.4%

Adults 50-99 0.021529 21.5%

Female 13-49 0.021545 21.5%

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Attachment 5. Water Residue Distribution File for Monte Carlo Analysis
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 18 of 20

Metaldehyde Ground Water Melanie Biscoe 7/15/14

Florida Scenario, Citrus

Przm-GW 

===============================================================================

EDWC (ppm)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.0009751

0.0009751

0.000975

0.000975

0.0009749

0.0009748

0.0009748

0.0009747

0.0009747

0.0009746

0.0009746

0.0009745

0.0009745

0.0009744

0.0009744

0.0009743

0.0009743

0.0009742

0.0009742

0.0009741

0.0009741

0.000974

0.000974

0.0009739

0.0009738

0.0009738

0.0009737

0.0009737

0.0009736

0.0009736

0.0009735

0.0009735

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001034

0.001033

0.001033

.........
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 19 of 20

Attachment 6. Acute Results File (Food only)

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for METALDEHYDE NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day

Residue file: 053001a1.R08 Adjustment factor #2 NOT used.

Analysis Date: 07-28-2014/07:52:11 Residue file dated: 07-28-2014/07:31:42

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours

Run Comment: "metaldehyde food (PRZM-GW model) acute"

===============================================================================

Summary calculations--per capita:

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile

Exposure % aRfD Exposure % aRfD Exposure % aRfD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------

Total US Population:

 0.011030 3.68 0.024364 8.12 0.065577 21.86 

All Infants:

 0.007663 2.55 0.029183 9.73 0.144282 48.09 

Children 1-2:

 0.033819 11.27 0.071416 23.81 0.156856 52.29 

Children 3-5:

 0.022429 7.48 0.048223 16.07 0.090580 30.19 

Children 6-12:

 0.014674 4.89 0.035211 11.74 0.074085 24.70 

Youth 13-19:

 0.009390 3.13 0.022405 7.47 0.039018 13.01 

Adults 20-49:

 0.009133 3.04 0.018829 6.28 0.039600 13.20 

Adults 50-99:

 0.009830 3.28 0.019493 6.50 0.042323 14.11 

Female 13-49:

 0.010292 3.43 0.020609 6.87 0.037126 12.38
Metaldehyde (053001) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment D420705

Page 20 of 20

Attachment 7. Chronic Results File (Food only)

US EPA Ver. 3.16, 03-08-d

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for METALDEHYDE NHANES 2003-2008 2-day

Residue file name: C:\Users\adoh\Desktop\Metaldehyde\053001c1.R08

 Adjustment factor #2 NOT used.

Analysis Date 07-28-2014/07:50:06 Residue file dated: 07-28-2014/07:32:03

Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = .1 mg/kg bw/day

COMMENT 1: metaldehyde food and water (PRZM-GW) chronic

===============================================================================

 Total exposure by population subgroup

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Total Exposure

 -----------------------------------

 Population mg/kg Percent of 

 Subgroup body wt/day Rfd 

-------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------

Total US Population 0.002854 2.9%

Hispanic 0.002728 2.7%

Non-Hisp-White 0.002873 2.9%

Non-Hisp-Black 0.002799 2.8%

Non-Hisp-Other 0.003069 3.1%

Nursing Infants 0.001214 1.2%

Non-Nursing Infants 0.002288 2.3%

Female 13+ PREG 0.002613 2.6%

Children 1-6 0.006726 6.7%

Children 7-12 0.003455 3.5%

Male 13-19 0.002152 2.2%

Female 13-19/NP 0.002443 2.4%

Male 20+ 0.002160 2.2%

Female 20+/NP 0.002689 2.7%

Seniors 55+ 0.002721 2.7%

All Infants 0.001957 2.0%

Female 13-50 0.002499 2.5%

Children 1-2 0.008137 8.1%

Children 3-5 0.006282 6.3%

Children 6-12 0.003686 3.7%

Youth 13-19 0.002291 2.3%

Adults 20-49 0.002302 2.3%

Adults 50-99 0.002632 2.6%

Female 13-49 0.002499 2.5%

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------