Toure v Sanogo

2024 NY Slip Op 30116(U)

January 10, 2024

Supreme Court, New York County

Docket Number: Index No. 157854/2019

Judge: James G. Clynes

Cases posted with a "30000" identifier, i.e., 2013 NY Slip

Op 30001(U), are republished from various New York

State and local government sources, including the New

York State Unified Court System's eCourts Service.

This opinion is uncorrected and not selected for official

publication.
!FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 01/10/2024 04: 51 PM! 

NYSCEF DOC. NO. 45 

INDEX NO. 157854/2019 

RECEIVED NYSCEF: 01/10/2024 

SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 

NEW YORK COUNTY 

PRESENT: HON. JAMES G. CL YNES PART 22M 

Justice 

-----------------------------------------------X 

DAME TOURE 

Plaintiff, 

-vSOUNKALO SANOGO, 

Defendant. 

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INDEX NO. 

MOTION DATE 

157854/20 19 

03/14/2023 

MOTION SEQ. NO. ___ 00_2 __ _ 

DECISION+ ORDER ON 

MOTION 

The following e-filed documents, listed by NYSCEF document number (Motion 002) 26, 27. 28. 29. 30, 31, 32. 33, 

34,35,36,37,38,39,40.41,42,43,44 

were read on this motion to/for JUDGMENT- SUMMARY 

Upon the foregoing documents, and following oral argument, the motion by defendant for 

summary judgment and dismissal of plaintiffs complaint on the grounds that plaintiffs claimed 

injuries do not satisfy the serious injury threshold under Insurance Law 5102 ( d) and 5104 is 

decided as follows: 

Plaintiff seeks recovery for injuries allegedly sustained as a result of an October 4, 2018 

accident in which plaintiff, while bicycling at the intersection of West 116th Street and Seventh 

Avenue in Manhattan, was allegedly srtuck by a taxi owned and operated by defendant Sounkalo 

Sanogo. Plaintiffs Bill of Particulars alleges cervical sprain/whiplash syndrome; cervical 

myositis/muscle spasms; possible cervical radiculopathy; thoracic spine sprain/strain; lumbar 

sprain: lumbar myositis/muscle spasms: possible lumbar radiculopathy: internal derangement of 

the right hip; internal derangement of the right knee; contusion of the right thigh and right shin; 

and post-concussion syndrome. The Bill of Particulars further asserts that cervical spine and 

lumbar spine electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies perfom1ed on January 14, 

2019 revealed, respectively, a right CS cervical radiculitis and a right LS lumbar radiculitis. 

15785-1/2019 TOLR[. DA.\IE vs. SA:-.·oco, SOl i\'KALO 

:'>lotion '.\o. 002 

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Plaintiffs Bill of Particulars contends that these injuries fall within all of the categories set 

forth under Insurance Law 5102(d): death; dismemberment: significant disfigurement; a fracture; 

pemrnnent loss of use of a body organ. member function or system: permanent consequential 

limitation of use of a body organ or member: significant limitation of use of a body function or 

system: a medically determined injury or impairment of a nonpermanent nature which prevents 

the injured person from performing substantially all of the material acts which constitutes such 

person's usual and customary daily activities for not less than ninety days during the one hundred 

eighty days immediately following the occurrence of the injury or impairment. 

Plaintiff was a high school student at the time of the accident. While he was also employed 

as a deliverer by Uber Eats, his Bill of Particulars docs not allege damages arising from lost 

employment earnings. 

The burden rests upon the movant to establish that the plaintiff has not sustained a serious 

injury (Perez v Rodriguez, 25 AD3d 506 [1st Dept 2006]; Lowe v Bennett, 122 AD2d 728 [1st 

Dept 1986], qffd 69 NY2d 701 [1986]). When the movant has made such a showing, the burden 

shifts to the plaintiff to produce prima facie evidence to support the claim of serious injury (see 

Lopez v Senatore, 65 NY2d 1017 [1985]; Abale v Wo(f 219 AD3d 1118 [4th Dept 2023]). In 

support of his motion, defendant relies on an affirmed report of an orthopedic surgeon, Pierce 

Ferriter, M.D .. following an examination on October 8, 2021. 

Dr. Ferriter found that plaintiff had suffered initially from cervical spine sprain/strain; 

thoracic spine sprain/strain: lumbar spine sprain/strain; right hip/thigh sprain/strain; and right 

knee/shin sprain/strain/contusion. He concluded that each of these injuries had resolved (see 

Maenza v Letkajornsook, 172 AD2d 500 [2d Dept 1991] [··allegations of sprains and contusions 

arc insufficient to establish that the plaintiff sustained a 'serious injury' as defined in the statute"]). 

IS7XS.t/2019 TOl:RE, DAI\IE vs. SANOGO, SOll;-.;KALO 

Motion !Ii o. 002 

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Dr. Ferriter measured plaintiffs range of motion using a hand-held goniometer and compared his 

measurements to normal values according to AMA Guidelines. He reported normal range of 

motion and negative objective tests as to plaintiffs cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, 

right hip/thigh, and right knee/shin. Dr. Ferriter reported, accordingly, that plaintiff presented a 

normal orthopedic examination on all objective testing and is able to perform activities of daily 

Ii ving without limitation. 

With respect to the claim of deprivation of plaintiffs usual activities of work and living 

for 90 of 180 days, defendant, citing Travis v Batchi (18 NY3d 208 [201 I]), urges that the 

examination and plaintiffs proofs fail to establish that plaintiff was medically prevented from 

performing substantially all of his usual and customary activities for the requisite period. 

Defendant submits plaintiff's deposition testimony, in which plaintiff averred that he was at no 

time imm1:diately alter the accident confined to his bed or to his home and that he was not told by 

a doctor not to work. 

Defendant has met his initial burden of establishing that plaintiff did not sustain serious 

injuries as a result of the accident under Insurance Law §5102 (d)(Perez v Rodriguez, 25 AD3d 

506). The burden therefore shifts to plaintiff to raise an issue of fact (see Zuckerman v City o,fNew 

fork. 49 NY2d 557 [1980]). 

In opposition, plaintiff submits his own affidavit as well as opinions and records of his 

examining physician. He contends that he still suffers frequent significant pain in his lower back 

and right knee, as well as less frequent neck pain. He further asserts that he was a high school 

soccer player but is no longer able to play the sport as a result of his injuries. 

l lis examining physician was Dr. Joyce Goldenberg, board certified in physical medicine 

and rehabilitation. She conducted a full medical examination. including tests for range of motion 

1578541201') TOl'RE, DA:'tlE \'S, SA!\OGO, SOl:l\'KALO 

\lotion :,,;o. 002 

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limitation. According to her affirmation and her affirmed report, she objectively measured the 

range of motion restrictions in the cervical spine, the lumbar spine, right hip, and the right knee 

with a goniometer and inclinometer. Dr. Goldenberg determined that range of motion limitation 

in the cervical spine was 55% reduction in lateral flexion right and 60% left, 55-58% reduction in 

lateral rotation bilaterally and 42% reduction in extension. In the lumbar spine, range of motion 

was restricted 60% in extension, 39% inflexion, 64% bilaterally in lateral flexion/lateral rotation, 

and 69% in right rotation and 64% in left. In the right hip, range of motion was restricted 42% in 

flexion, 26% in extension, 48% in adduction, 32% in abduction, 62.5% in internal rotation and 

44% in external rotation. In the right knee. range of motion was restricted 26%. A subsequent 

examination shov,cd improvement, but continuing limitations in plaintiff's range of motion. 

Dr. Goldenberg made the following diagnoses: 

1. Cervical radiculitis on the right at the level of C 5. 

2. Cervical myofascial pain syndrome/muscle spasms. 

3. Lumbar radiculitis on the right at the level of LS. 

4. Lumbar myofascial pain syndrome/muscle spasms. 

5. Right hip sprain. 

6. Right knee sprain. 

7. Post-concussion syndrome/cognitive deficits. 

She opines to a reasonable degree of medical certainty that the accident was the sole 

competent producing cause of plaintiff's injuries and consequent limitations. She concludes that 

the loss of mobility is permanent, and that plaintiff will live the rest of his life with pain and 

reduced range of motion. She does not, however, render a specific opinion on the 90/180 days 

claim. 

15785~/2019 Tot'RE, DA,\IE vs. SA:'ll'OGO, SOliNKALO 

:1-1 orion :\ n. 002 

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The Court's function in adjudicating a motion for summary judgment is issue-finding, not 

issue-determination (see Sillman v Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp., 3 NY2d 395 [1957]). 

Because the parties' respective experts materially disagree on the range and permanence of the 

alleged injuries, summary judgment must be denied on the branches of plaintiffs claim alleging 

permanent consequential limitation of use of a body organ or member and significant limitation of 

use of a body function or system. Plaintiff's submission does not address his claims for death, 

dismemberment significant disfigurement a fracture, or permanent loss of use of a body organ, 

member function or system. nor is there any evidence to support those criteria. Partial summary 

judgment will therefore be granted on those four limited categories. 

In addition. partial summary judgment is granted on plaintiffs claim of a nonpermanent 

injury which prevented him from performing substantially all of the material acts constituting his 

usual and customary daily activities for not less than 90 days during the I 80 days immediately 

following the injury. Plaintiff testified in his deposition that he was not confined to his bed or his 

home following the accident and that his doctors did not recommend such a restriction (see Burns 

v lvlcCabe, 17 AD3d 1111 [4th Dept 2005] [evidence that plaintiff missed only a week of school 

was prima facie proof that his activities \Vere not curtailed to the required duration]: see also 

Hernandez v Rodriguez, 63 AD3d 520, 521 [1st Dept 2009]). Also, under Insurance Law 5102( d), 

an injury must be "medically determined" to qualify under the 90/180-day category (see Lazu v 

Harlem Group, 89 AD3d 435, 436 [1st Dept 2011]: Gahdaro 1· Wylie, 78 AD3d 652 [2d Dept 

2010]; see also Sanz v AITA-Loni Is. Bus. 46 AD3d 867 [2d Dept 2007]). meaning that the 

condition must be substantiated by a physician (see Ryan v Xuda, 243 AD2d 457, 457-458 [2d 

Dept 1997]). No medical support was proffered here. 

Therefore, defendant's motion for summary judgment is granted in part only. 

15785~/2019 HKRE, DAI\IE \"S. SANOGO, SOllNKALO 

Motion i\o. 002 

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RECEIVED NYSCEF: 01/10/2024 

Accordingly. it is 

ORDERED that the motion by defendant for summary judgment and dismissal of 

plaintiffs complaint is DENIED except as to plaintiffs claim of death, dismemberment, 

significant disfigurement, a fracture, permanent loss of use of a body organ, member function or 

system or for serious injury under the 90/180-days category oflnsurance Law 5102 ( d), as to which 

the motion is GRANTED; and it is further 

ORDERED that any requested relief not specifically addressed herein has nonetheless 

been considered; and it is further 

ORDERED that within 30 days after entry, plaintiff shall serve a copy of this Decision 

and Order upon defendant with Notice of Entry. 

This constitutes the Decision and Order of the Court. 

1/10/2024 

DATE 

CHECK ONE: 

APPLICATION: 

CHECK IF APPROPRIATE: 

~ CASE DISPOSED 

GRANTED □ DENIED 

SETTLE ORDER 

INCLUDES TRANSFER/REASSIGN 

157854/2019 TOURE, DAME vs. SANOGO, SOUNKALO 

Motion No. 002 

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G_!:l~ 

-i:!:.:r.s G. CLYNES, J.S.C. 

NON-FINAL DISPOSITION 

GRANTED IN PART 

SL'BMIT ORDER 

FIDUCIARY APPOINTMENT 

□ OTHER 

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