8.5-i 

### APPENDIX 8.5. ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICITY EFFICIENCY DESIGN OPTIONS FOR FURNACES AND BOILERS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

8.5.1 INTRODUCTION

................................................... 8.5-1 8.5.2 ELECTRICITY EFFICIENCY OPTIONS THAT PASSED SCREENING

....... 8.5-1 8.5.3 MANUFACTURING COST

.......................................... 8.5-2 8.5.4 CALCULATION OF FURNACE OR BOILER ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION WITH DESIGN OPTIONS, USING DOE TEST PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-2 8.5.5 ELECTRICITY-EFFICIENCY DESIGN OPTIONS CONSIDERED IN THE LCC ANALYSIS FOR FURNACES

.................................... 8.5-4 8.5.6 ELECTRICITY-EFFICIENCY DESIGN OPTIONS CONSIDERED IN THE LCC ANALYSIS FOR BOILERS AND OIL-FIRED EQUIPMENT

........... 8.5-5 8.5.7 RESULTS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION CALCULATIONS

............... 8.5-6 8.5.8 LCC RESULTS INCLUDING ELECTRICITY-EFFICIENCY DESIGN OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-23

LIST OF TABLES Table 8.5.3.1 Incremental Manufacturing Cost of Electricity-Efficiency Design Options for Furnaces

..................................... 8.5-2 Table 8.5.3.2 Incremental Manufacturing Cost of Electricity-Efficiency Design Options for Hot-Water Boilers and Oil Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-2 Table 8.5.4.1 Electricity-Efficiency Design Options for Gas Furnaces

............... 8.5-3 Table 8.5.4.2 Electricity-Efficiency Design Options for Oil-Fired Furnaces and Hot-Water Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-3 Table 8.5.7.1 Non-Weatherized Gas Furnace Energy Use

......................... 8.5-6 Table 8.5.7.2 Mobile Home Furnace Energy Use

............................... 8.5-10 Table 8.5.7.3 Weatherized Furnaces Energy Use

............................... 8.5-13 Table 8.5.7.4 Oil-Furnace Energy Use

....................................... 8.5-16 Table 8.5.7.5 Gas Boiler Energy Use

........................................ 8.5-19 Table 8.5.7.6 Oil Boiler Energy Use

......................................... 8.5-21 Table 8.5.8.1 LCC and PBP Results for Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces, Including Electricity-Efficiency Design Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-23 Table 8.5.8.2 LCC and PBP Results for Weatherized Gas Furnaces, Including Electricity-Efficiency Design Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-26 Table 8.5.8.3 LCC and PBP Results for Mobile Home Gas Furnaces, Including Electricity-Efficiency Design Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-28 Table 8.5.8.4 LCC and PBP Results for Oil-Fired Furnaces, Including Electricity-Efficiency Design Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-30 Table 8.5.8.5 LCC and PBP Results for Hot-Water Gas Boilers, Including Electricity-Efficiency Design Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-328.5-ii 

### Table 8.5.8.6 LCC and PBP Results for Hot-Water Oil-fired Boilers, Including Electricity-Efficiency Design Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5-34

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 8.5.7.1 Range of Annual Gas Use, Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces

............. 8.5-8 Figure 8.5.7.2 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces

........ 8.5-8 Figure 8.5.7.3 Range of Summer Electricity Use, Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces

...... 8.5-9 Figure 8.5.7.4 Range of Annual Gas Use, Mobile Home Furnaces

.................. 8.5-11 Figure 8.5.7.5 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Mobile Home Furnaces

............. 8.5-11 Figure 8.5.7.6 Range of Summer Electricity Use, Mobile Home Furnaces

............ 8.5-12 Figure 8.5.7.7 Range of Gas Use, Weatherized Gas Furnaces

...................... 8.5-14 Figure 8.5.7.8 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Weatherized Gas Furnaces

........... 8.5-14 Figure 8.5.7.9 Range of Summer Electricity Use, Weatherized Furnaces

............. 8.5-15 Figure 8.5.7.10 Range of Oil Use, Oil-Fired Furnaces

............................ 8.5-17 Figure 8.5.7.11 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Oil-Fired Furnaces

................ 8.5-17 Figure 8.5.7.12 Range of Summer Electricity Use, Oil-Fired Furnaces

............... 8.5-18 Figure 8.5.7.13 Range of Gas Use, Hot Water Gas Boilers

........................ 8.5-20 Figure 8.5.7.14 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Hot Water Gas Boilers

............. 8.5-20 Figure 8.5.7.15 Range of Annual Oil Use, Hot-Water Oil Boilers

................... 8.5-22 Figure 8.5.7.16 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Hot-Water Oil Boilers

.............. 8.5-22 Figure 8.5.8.1 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces

................................................ 8.5-25 Figure 8.5.8.2 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Weatherized Gas Furnaces . 8.5-27 Figure 8.5.8.3 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Mobile Home Gas Furnaces 8.5-29 Figure 8.5.8.4 Range of LCC Savings by De sign Option for Oil-Fired Furnaces

....... 8.5-31 Figure 8.5.8.5 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Hot-Water Gas Boilers

.... 8.5-33 Figure 8.5.8.6 Range of LCC Savings by Design Op tion for Hot-Water Oil-Fired Boilers 8.5-358.5-1 

### APPENDIX 8.5. ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICITY EFFICIENCY DESIGN OPTIONS FOR FURNACES AND BOILERS

8.5.1 INTRODUCTIONResidential furnaces and boilers use electricity for the circulating-air fan or circulatingwater pump as well as for other electrical components (see section 3.2 in Chapter 3 for further discussion). In many applications, the furnace fan is also the air handler for the air conditioner.
As discussed in Chapter 1, the Department has determined that it does not have the authority to regulate electricity consumption in residential furnaces and boilers. While it was considering this issue, the Department analyzed all design options that met the screening criteria, including design options speci fic to saving electricity. The Department presents the analysis of these design options in this appendix only for the purposes of (a) full reporting to the public of that complete analysis, and (b) making the information available for possible use in voluntary or other non-regulatory efforts by manufacturers, utilities and other interested parties. This appendix is provided for information only.
To develop more information, DOE tested va rious circulating-air blowers in a commonsize furnace using the Air Movement and Control Association test standard 210 (AMCA 210) as a method of determining the airflow capacity of a furnace circulating-air blower. Appendix 8.6 describes this testing.

8.5.2 ELECTRICITY EFFICIENCY OPTIONS THAT PASSED SCREENING As described in Chapter 4, several design options specific to saving electricity in furnaces and boilers passed the screening. These are: • Increased motor efficiency: applies to furnace blowers and hot-water boiler pumps. DOE considered (1) an improved permanent split-capacitor (PSC) motor, which uses improved materials and design and is slightly more efficient, (2) an electronically-commutated motor (ECM), and (3) a switched-reluctance motor. • Increased blower impeller efficiency: substitutes a backward-inclined blade blower for a forward-inclined blade design, increasing furnace volume and shipping weight. • Improved circulating pump (boilers only): uses an ECM for the circulating pump. • Electronic (interrupted) ignition: applies to oil-fired equipment.8.5-2 

### 8.5.3 MANUFACTURING COST Through discussion with component suppliers and consultants, and review of available literature, the Department estimated production costs for each of the electricity efficiency options assuming high-volume production (Tables 8.5.3.1 and 8.5.3.2). For the ECM, the cost could decrease to the $80 range after 2012, due to increased competition and incremental technology improvements. The switched-reluctance motor has the potential to be a lower cost option, but within the time span of this rulemaking, the technology is assumed to have the same cost as an ECM. Table 8.5.3.1 Incremental Manufacturing Cost of Electricity-Efficiency Design Options for Furnaces * 

### Design Option $
More-efficient PSC motor 5 Electronically-commutated motor 103 Switched-reluctance motor 103 Improved blower impeller 68 **

* Relative to baseline equipment.
** $49 additional production cost + $19 additional transpor tation cost due to larger size of the furnace cabinet 

### Table 8.5.3.2 Incremental Manufacturing Cost of Electricity-Efficiency Design Options for Hot-Water Boilers and Oil Equipment * 

### Design Option $ Boilers: Improved circulating pump (using an ECM) 103 Oil Equipment: Interrupted ignition 17

* Relative to baseline equipment



### .

8.5.4 CALCULATION OF FURNACE OR BOILER ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION WITH DESIGN OPTIONS, USING DOE TEST PROCEDURE The electricity consumption of residential furnaces and boilers is represented by the Annual Auxiliary Electrical Energy (E AE 

### ) parameter, which DOE calculated and reported in kWh/yr in accordance with the DOE test procedure, section 10.2.3. The details of the approach to calculate electricity consumption are reported in Appendix 6.3.

E AE 

### does not include blower operation for the air conditioner during the cooling season. In fact, the circulating-air blower (which is part of the furnace) is also the air handler for the air conditioner, and any efficiency improvement on the circulating-air blower will also provide8.5-3 

### electricity savings during the cooling season. The Department accounted for this in the LCC analysis to accurately show the effect of improving furnace electricity efficiency. For each AFUE level above the baseline, DOE considered several electricity-efficiency design options. The selected design options for the different product classes are shown in the tables below. Table 8.5.4.1 Electricity-Efficiency Design Options for Gas Furnaces Product Class Improved Blower Motor (PSC+) Improved Blower Motor (ECM) Improved Blower Motor (SR) Improved Blower Impeller Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces X X XX
Weatherized Gas Furnaces X Mobile Home Gas Furnaces X Table 8.5.4.2 Electricity-Efficiency Design Op tions for Oil-Fired Furnaces and Hot-Water Boilers Product Class Improved Blower/Pump Motor (ECM) Interrupted Ignition

Oil-Fired Furnaces X X Hot-Water Gas Boilers X Hot-Water Oil-Fired Boilers X The calculation of electricity consumption starts with the calculation of E AE 

### in accordance with the DOE test procedure. At each AFUE level, the analysis yields a percentage reduction in electricity consumption associated with each electricity-efficiency design option. When an electricity-efficiency design option is introduced, there is usually a small increase in fuel consumption because a more efficient motor generates less heat, which otherwise would contribute to the heating requirements. To develop a better understanding of the performance of more efficient blower/motor combinations, DOE conducted testing. Appendix 6.6 presents a summary of the testing results. Generally, inclusion of electricity-efficiency design options slightly increases the payback period for a given AFUE level relative to use of baseline electricity features, since more efficient electrical components generate less waste heat.8.5-4 

### 8.5.5 ELECTRICITY-EFFICIENCY DESIGN OPTIONS CONSIDERED IN THE LCC ANALYSIS FOR FURNACES The baseline design for the furnace circulating-air blower is a forward-curved centrifugal blower powered by a PSC induction motor. In the LCC Analysis, DOE considered three design options to improve blower efficiency: 1) an im proved PSC motor (PSC+); 2) an ECM; and 3) a backward-curved blower impeller with a different ECM motor (BC/ECM+). DOE did not conduct any LCC analysis for the switched reluctance motor because it may be less efficient than the ECM motor and may be more costly. The PSC+ is a motor with a dedicated lamination design using higher-grade electrical steel and tighter windings, with proportionately more copper to limit winding losses. ECM motors have permanent magnets on the rotor. By changing the frequency and voltage on the stator coils, the speed and torque of the motor can be adjusted. The BC/ECM+ motor operates at a higher speed, has a smaller diameter, and has improved magnets and electronics. Furnaces with ECM or BC/ECM+ blower motors are programmed to take advantage of the adjustable speed and torque of ECM motors to provide constant airflow, regardless of the static pressure. This is the equivalent of a vertical fan curve at the nominal airflow of the furnace. Chapter 7 describes the general approach for calculating furnace blower electricity consumption. A full accounting of the impact of electricity-efficiency design options requires consideration of blower electricity consumption in the heating season and in the cooling season when an air conditioner may be in use. Section 7.5.4 in Chapter 7 describes the approach for calculating blower electricity consumption (BE) for baseline furnaces. Although the approach generally applies to the blower efficiency design options, the calculation of BE varies somewhat with each design option. For the PSC+ design option,

BE AHP scalar overall 

### = ×

η 

### where: = air horsepower (W), 

## A HP = overall efficiency, and 

## η overall 

### = the incremental motor efficiency gain from the PSC+ design option. 

## s cala r
AHP and 

### 0 overall 

### depend on static pressure and airflow, as described in section 7.5.3. on Overall Air-Moving Efficiency.8.5-5 

### For the ECM design option, the Department developed a series of equations to calculate the blower speed and shaft power from the furnace static pressure, the blower-motor efficiency from the shaft power and speed, and the blowe r-motor power consumption from the efficiency and shaft power. The Department developed these equations for ECM motors from the product literature of a motor manufacturer. 1 

### See Appendix 8.7, Power Consumption of ECM BlowerMotors. For the BC/ECM+ design option, the Department developed an equation for BE as a function of static pressure and airflow from a prototype backward-inclined blower developed by General Electric. 2 

### The static pressure and airflow is determined from the intersection of the duct system curve and the vertical fan curve of a furnace, as with an ECM motor. This is explained further in Appendix 8.8, Power Consumption of BC/ECM+ Blower-Motors. Section 7.6.2 of Chapter 7 describes the calculation of furnace electricity consumption during the summer when the blower moves the air cooled by the air conditioner. More-efficient blower design options will reduce the amount of heat from the blower and blower motor added to the cooled airstream. However, the annual household cooling load does not change. The cooling provided by the air-conditioning system, including the furnace blower, must remain the same, so the air-conditioner operating hours are reduced. See Appendix 8.9, Air Conditioner Operating Hours, for the derivation of these calculations. The Department calculated the new air-conditioner operating hours as:



### ACOHnew ACOHexist BEexist BEnew ACcapacity = + × − ⎛ ⎝ ⎜ ⎞ ⎠ ⎟ 1 3412

. where: = blower motor power (W), and BE 

### = cooling capacity of the air conditioner (Btu/h). 

## AC capacity



### 8.5.6 ELECTRICITY-EFFICIENCY DESIGN OPTIONS CONSIDERED IN THE LCC ANALYSIS FOR BOILERS AND OIL-FIRED EQUIPMENT The power consumption of the circulating pump motor for hot-water boilers is fixed at 62 watts for the baseline design. The improved circulating pump with ECM would reduce pump power by 32 percent 3 

### or from 62 to 42 watts. For oil-fired furnaces and boilers, the LCC analysis considered interrupted ignition. DOE estimated the electricity savings from interrupted ignition based on a reduction of the on-time of the burner interrupted ignition device from 3.87 min/cycle (for intermittent ignition) to 0.75 min/cycle.8.5-6 

### 8.5.7 RESULTS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION CALCULATIONS The average energy use for each design option for non-weatherized gas furnaces is shown in Table 8.5.7.1. The range of annual gas use for non-weatherized gas furnaces for all design options is shown in Figure 8.5.7.1. Figures 8.5.7.2 and 8.5.7.3 show the range of winter and summer electricity consumption, respectively. Table 8.5.7.1 Non-Weatherized Gas Furnace Energy Use Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Annual Gas Use (MMBtu) Average Winter Electricity Use (kWh) Average Summer Electricity Use (kWh) 78% Baseline 66.4 488.0 156.7 80% 64.8 476.2 156.7 80% PSC+ 64.8 459.1 148.9 80% ECM 65.5 299.8 117.9 80% BC/ECM+ 65.8 239.8 77.3 80% 2-stage Mod. 63.4 475.4 156.7 80% 2-stage Mod. ECM 64.8 246.1 117.9 80% 2-stage Mod. BC/ECM+ 65.3 200.6 77.3 81% 8% Cat. III 64.1 469.8 153.9 81% PSC+ 64.1 453.6 148.9 81% ECM 64.7 296.2 117.9 81% BC/ECM+ 65.0 236.9 77.3 81% 2-stage Mod, no Cat. III 62.7 469.8 156.7 81% 2-stage Mod ECM 64.0 243.2 117.9 81% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+ 64.5 198.2 77.3 82% 63.2 464.9 156.7 82% PSC+ 63.3 448.2 148.9 82% ECM 63.9 292.6 117.9 82% BC/ECM+ 64.2 234.0 77.3 82% 2-stage Mod 62.0 464.4 156.7 82% 2-stage Mod ECM 63.3 240.3 117.9 82% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+ 63.7 195.8 77.3 83% 62.5 459.4 156.7

### Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Annual Gas Use (MMBtu) Average Winter Electricity Use (kWh) Average Summer Electricity Use (kWh)

8.5-7 

### 90% Baseline Cond. 57.8 421.1 156.7 90% PSC+ 57.9 406.6 148.9 90% ECM 58.3 277.6 117.9 90% BC/ECM+ 58.5 224.1 77.3 91% 2-stage Mod ECM 57.2 238.5 117.9 91% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+ 57.5 197.4 77.3 91% Step Mod ECM 56.8 236.9 117.9 91% Step Mod BC/ECM+ 57.3 196.4 77.3 92%Incr. HX Area 56.6 412.2 156.7 92% PSC+ 56.6 397.9 148.9 92% ECM 57.1 271.7 117.9 92% BC/ECM+ 57.3 219.2 77.3 93% 2-stage Mod ECM 56.0 233.5 117.9 93% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+ 56.3 193.2 77.3 93% Step Mod ECM 55.6 231.9 117.9 93% Step Mod BC/ECM+ 56.1 192.3 77.3 96% Step Mod ECM 53.9 224.9 117.9 96% Step Mod BC/ECM+ 54.3 186.4 77.38.5-8 Annual Gas Use Ranges By Design Option78%80% Incr. HX Area80% PSC+80% ECM80% BC/ECM+80% 2-stage Mod80% 2-stage Mod ECM80% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+81% wtih 8% Cat. III81% no Cat. III81% PSC+81% ECM81% BC/ECM+81% 2 stage Mod, 8% Cat. III81% 2 stage Mod, no Cat. III81% 2 stage Mod ECM81% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+90% Baseline Cond.90% PSC+90% ECM90% BC/ECM+91% 2 stage Mod ECM91% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+91% Step Mod ECM91% Step Mod BC/ECM+92% Incr. HX Area92% PSC+92% ECM92% BC/ECM+93% 2 stage Mod ECM93% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+93% Step Mod ECM93% Step Mod BC/ECM+96% Step Mod ECM96% Cont Mod BC/ECM+ 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.1 Range of Annual Gas Use, Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces Winter Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option78%80% Incr. HX Area80% PSC+80% ECM80% BC/ECM+80% 2-stage Mod80% 2-stage Mod ECM80% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+81% with 8% Cat. III81% no Cat. III81% PSC+81% ECM81% BC/ECM+81% 2 stage Mod, 8% Cat. III81% 2 stage Mod, no Cat. III81% 2 stage Mod ECM81% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+90% Baseline Cond.90% PSC+90% ECM90% BC/ECM+91% 2 stage Mod ECM91% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+91% Step Mod ECM91% Step Mod BC/ECM+92% Incr. HX Area92% PSC+92% ECM92% BC/ECM+93% 2 stage Mod ECM93% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+93% Step Mod ECM93% Step Mod BC/ECM+96% Step Mod ECM96% Cont Mod BC/ECM+ -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.2 Range of Winter Electricity Use, NonWeatherized Gas Furnaces8.5-9 Summer Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option78%80% Incr. HX Area80% PSC+80% ECM80% BC/ECM+80% 2-stage Mod80% 2-stage Mod ECM80% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+81% with 8% Cat. III81% no Cat. III81% PSC+81% ECM81% BC/ECM+81% 2 stage Mod, with 8% Cat. III81% 2 stage Mod, no Cat. III81% 2 stage Mod ECM81% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+90% Baseline Cond.90% PSC+90% ECM90% BC/ECM+91% 2 stage Mod ECM91% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+91% Step Mod ECM91% Step Mod BC/ECM+92% Incr. HX Area92% PSC+92% ECM92% BC/ECM+93% 2 stage Mod ECM93% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+93% Step Mod ECM93% Step Mod BC/ECM+96% Step Mod ECM96% Cont Mod BC/ECM+ -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.3 Range of Summer Electricity Use, NonWeatherized Gas Furnaces8.5-10 

### The average energy use for each design option for mobile home furnaces is shown in Table 8.5.7.2. The range of annual gas use for mobile home furnaces for all design options is shown in Figure 8.5.7.4. Figures 8.5.7.5 and 8.5.7.6 show the range of winter and summer electricity consumption respectively. Table 8.5.7.2 Mobile Home Furnace Energy Use Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Annual Gas Use (MMBtu) Average Winter Electricity Use (kWh) Average Summer Electricity Use (kWh) 75% Baseline 50.8 374.0 228.7 80% 45.0 404.5 228.7 80% ECM 45.8 220.8 126.4 80% 2-stage Mod 43.9 397.9 228.7 81% 44.5 399.7 228.7 81% ECM 45.3 218.2 126.4 81% 2-stage Mod 43.4 393.3 228.7 82% 44.0 395.0 228.7 82% ECM 44.7 215.5 126.4 82% 2-stage Mod 42.9 388.8 228.7 90% 40.2 359.2 232.78.5-11 Annual Gas Use Ranges By Design Option75% Baseline80% Incr HX Area80% ECM80% 2-Stage Mod81% Incr HX Area81% ECM81% 2-Stage Mod82% Incr HX Area82% ECM82% 2-Stage Mod90% Condensing 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.4 Range of Annual Gas Use, Mobile Home Furnaces Winter Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option75% AFUE80% Incr HX Area80% ECM80% 2-Stage Mod81% Incr HX Area81% ECM81% 2-Stage Mod82% Incr HX Area82% ECM82% 2-Stage Mod90% Condensing 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.5 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Mobile Home Furnaces8.5-12 Summer Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option75% Baseline80% Incr HX Area80% ECM80% 2-Stage Mod81% Incr HX Area81% ECM81% 2-Stage Mod82% Incr HX Area82% ECM82% 2-Stage Mod90% Condensing -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.6 Range of Summer Electricity Use, Mobile Home Furnaces8.5-13 

### The average energy use for each design option for weatherized furnaces is shown in Table 8.5.7.3. The range of annual gas use for weatherized furnaces for all design options is shown in Figure 8.5.7.7. Figures 8.5.7.8 and 8.5.7.9 show the range of winter and summer electricity consumption respectively. Table 8.5.7.3 Weatherized Furnaces Energy Use Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Annual Gas Use (MMBtu) Average Winter Electricity Use (kWh) Average Summer Electricity Use (kWh) 78% Baseline 40.3 298.2 372.2 80% Incr. HX Area 39.3 291.0 372.2 80% Improved Insulation 39.1 289.9 372.2 80% PSC+ 39.3 280.7 353.7 80% ECM 39.7 182.2 281.2 80% Improved Heat Xfer 39.3 291.0 372.2 81% Incr. HX Area 38.8 287.5 372.2 81% Improved Insulation 38.7 286.4 372.2 81% PSC+ 38.9 277.4 353.7 81% ECM 39.3 180.0 281.2 81% Improved Heat Xfer 38.8 287.5 372.2 82% Incr. HX Area 38.3 284.1 372.2 82% Improved Insulation 38.2 283.0 372.2 82% PSC+ 38.4 274.1 353.7 82% ECM 38.8 177.9 281.2 82% Improved Heat Xfer 38.3 284.1 372.2 83% Incr. HX Area 37.9 280.7 372.2 83% Improved Insulation 37.8 279.7 372.2 83% PSC+ 37.9 270.8 353.7 83% ECM 38.3 175.7 281.2 83% Improved Heat Xfer 37.9 280.7 372.28.5-14 Annual Gas Use Ranges By Design Option78% Baseline80% Incr HX Area80% Improved Insulation80% PSC+80% ECM80% Improved Heat Xfer81% Incr HX Area81% Improved Insulation81% PSC+81% ECM81% Improved Heat Xfer82% Incr HX Area82% Improved Insulation82% PSC+82% ECM82% Improved Heat Xfer83% Incr HX Area83% Improved Insulation83% PSC+83% ECM83% Improved Heat Xfer 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.7 Range of Gas Use, Weatherized Gas Furnaces

Winter Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option78% Baseline80% Incr HX Area80% Improved Insulation80% PSC+80% ECM80% Improved Heat Xfer81% Incr HX Area81% Improved Insulation81% PSC+81% ECM81% Improved Heat Xfer82% Incr HX Area82% Improved Insulation82% PSC+82% ECM82% Improved Heat Xfer83% Incr HX Area83% Improved Insulation83% PSC+83% ECM83% Improved Heat Xfer 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.8 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Weatherized Gas Furnaces8.5-15 Summer Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option78% Baseline80% Incr HX Area80% Improved Insulation80% PSC+80% ECM80% Improved Heat Xfer81% Incr HX Area81% Improved Insulation81% PSC+81% ECM81% Improved Heat Xfer82% Incr HX Area82% Improved Insulation82% PSC+82% ECM82% Improved Heat Xfer83% Incr HX Area83% Improved Insulation83% PSC+83% ECM83% Improved Heat Xfer -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.9 Range of Summer Electricity Use, Weatherized Furnaces8.5-16 

### The average energy use for each design option for oil-fired furnaces is shown in Table 8.5.7.4. The range of annual oil use for all design options is shown in Figure 8.5.7.10. Figures 8.5.7.11 and 8.5.7.12 show the range of winter and summer electricity consumption respectively. Table 8.5.7.4 Oil-Furnace Energy Use Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Annual Gas Use (MMBtu) Average Winter Electricity Use (kWh) Average Summer Electricity Use (kWh) 78% Baseline 87.8 787.3 71.3 80% 85.7 768.1 71.3 81% Incr. HX Area 84.7 758.9 71.3 81% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 82.6 845.3 71.3 81% Interrupted Ignition 84.8 727.2 71.3 81%ImprovedSupplyFanMotor(ECM) 85.6 533.6 57.3 82% 83.7 749.9 71.3 82% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 81.6 835.6 71.3 82% Interrupted Ignition 83.8 718.6 71.3 82%ImprovedSupplyFanMotor(ECM) 84.6 527.2 57.3 83% 82.7 741.1 71.3 83% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 80.7 826.0 71.3 83% Interrupted Ignition 82.8 710.1 71.3 83%ImprovedSupplyFanMotor(ECM) 83.6 520.9 57.3 84% 81.7 732.5 71.3 84% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 79.8 816.7 71.3 84% Interrupted Ignition 81.8 701.9 71.3 84%ImprovedSupplyFanMotor(ECM) 82.6 514.8 57.3 85% 80.8 724.1 71.3 85% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 78.9 807.1 71.3 85% Interrupted Ignition 80.9 693.8 71.3 85%ImprovedSupplyFanMotor(ECM) 81.6 508.9 57.38.5-17 Annual Gas Use Ranges By Design Option80% Baseline80% Incr HX Area81% Incr HX Area81% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod81% Interrupted Ignition81% Improved Supply Fan Motor82% Incr HX Area82% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod82% Interrupted Ignition82% Improved Supply Fan Motor83% Incr HX Area83% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod83% Interrupted Ignition83% Improved Supply Fan Motor84% Incr HX Area84% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod84% Interrupted Ignition84% Improved Supply Fan Motor85% Incr HX Area85% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod85% Interrupted Ignition85% Improved Supply Fan Motor 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.10 Range of Oil Use, Oil-Fired Furnaces

Winter Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option78% Baseline80% Incr HX Area81% Incr HX Area81% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod81% Interrupted Ignition81% Improved Supply Fan Motor82% Incr HX Area82% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod82% Interrupted Ignition82% Improved Supply Fan Motor83% Incr HX Area83% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod83% Interrupted Ignition83% Improved Supply Fan Motor84% Incr HX Area84% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod84% Interrupted Ignition84% Improved Supply Fan Motor85% Incr HX Area85% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod85% Interrupted Ignition85% Improved Supply Fan Motor 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.11 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Oil-Fired Furnaces8.5-18 Summer Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option78% Baseline80% Incr HX Area81% Incr HX Area81% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod81% Interrupted Ignition81% Improved Supply Fan Motor82% Incr HX Area82% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod82% Interrupted Ignition82% Improved Supply Fan Motor83% Incr HX Area83% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod83% Interrupted Ignition83% Improved Supply Fan Motor84% Incr HX Area84% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod84% Interrupted Ignition84% Improved Supply Fan Motor85% Incr HX Area85% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod85% Interrupted Ignition85% Improved Supply Fan Motor -50

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.12 Range of Summer Electricity Use, Oil-Fired Furnaces8.5-19 

### The average energy use for each design option for hot-water gas boilers is shown in Table 8.5.7.5. The range of annual gas use for all design options is shown in Figure 8.5.7.13. Figure 8.5.7.14 shows the range of winter electricity consumption. Table 8.5.7.5 Gas Boiler Energy Use Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Annual Gas Use (MMBtu) Average Winter Electricity Use (kWh) 80% Baseline 93.5 378.9 81% 88.8 379.8 81% 2-stage mod. + Indc Draft 87.4 561.7 81% Imp Circ Pump 89.0 337.6 82% 87.7 375.2 82% 2-stage mod. + Indc Draft 86.4 555.1 82% Imp Circ Pump 87.9 333.5 83% Imp Ht Xfer / Elec. Ign 86.7 370.8 83% 2-stage mod. + Indc Draft 85.4 548.6 83% Imp Circ Pump 86.9 329.6 84% 85.7 366.5 84% 2-stage mod. + Indc Draft 84.4 542.3 84% Imp Circ Pump 85.8 325.7 88% 81.8 350.0 91% 79.3 301.0 99% 73.0 276.98.5-20 Annual Gas Use Ranges By Design Optiondesign option not found81% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign81% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft81% Imp Circ Pump82% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign82% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft82% Imp Circ Pump83% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign83% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft83% Imp Circ Pump84% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign84% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft84% Imp Circ Pump88%91%99% -20

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.13 Range of Gas Use, Hot Water Gas Boilers

Winter Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option80% Baseline81% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign81% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft81% Imp Circ Pump82% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign82% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft82% Imp Circ Pump83% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign83% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft83% Imp Circ Pump84% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign84% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft84% Imp Circ Pump88%91%99% -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.14 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Hot Water Gas Boilers8.5-21 

### The average energy use for each design option for hot-water oil-fired boilers is shown in Table 8.5.7.6. The range of annual oil use for oil boilers for all design options is shown in Figure 8.5.7.15. Figure 8.5.7.16 shows the range of winter electricity consumption. Table 8.5.7.6 Oil Boiler Energy Use Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Annual Gas Use (MMBtu) Average Winter Electricity Use (kWh) 80% Baseline 108.7 381.3 81% 107.4 376.7 81% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 105.9 566.9 81% Interrupted Ign 107.5 345.3 81% Imp Circ Pump 107.5 338.3 82% 106.1 372.2 82% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 104.6 560.1 82% Interrupted Ign 106.2 341.1 82% Imp Circ Pump 106.2 334.2 83% 104.8 367.7 83% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 103.4 553.6 83% Interrupted Ign 104.9 337.1 83% Imp Circ Pump 105.0 330.3 84% 103.6 363.4 84% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 102.2 547.1 84% Interrupted Ign 103.7 333.1 84% Imp Circ Pump 103.7 326.4 86% 101.2 355.1 86% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. 99.9 534.7 86% Interrupted Ign 101.3 325.4 86% Imp Circ Pump 101.3 318.9 90% 97.0 276.4 95% 91.9 262.08.5-22 Annual Gas Use Ranges By Design Option80% Baseline81%81% Atom 2-stage81% Inter Ign81% Imp Circ Pump82%82% Atom 2-stage82% Inter Ign82% Imp Circ Pump83%83% Atom 2-stage83% Inter Ign83% Imp Circ Pump84%84% Atom 2-stage84% Inter Ign84% Imp Circ Pump86%86% Atom 2-stage86% Inter Ign86% Imp Circ Pump90%95% 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.15 Range of Annual Oil Use, Hot-Water Oil Boilers

Winter Electricity Use Ranges By Design Option80% Baseline81%81% Atom 2-stage81% Inter Ign81% Imp Circ Pump82%82% Atom 2-stage82% Inter Ign82% Imp Circ Pump83%83% Atom 2-stage83% Inter Ign83% Imp Circ Pump84%84% Atom 2-stage84% Inter Ign84% Imp Circ Pump86%86% Atom 2-stage86% Inter Ign86% Imp Circ Pump90%95% 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.7.16 Range of Winter Electricity Use, Hot-Water Oil Boilers8.5-23 

### 8.5.8 LCC RESULTS INCLUDING ELECTRICITY-EFFICIENCY DESIGN OPTIONS The calculation of LCC and PBP for equipment with the electricity-efficiency design options followed the approach described in Chapter 8. For these options, summer electricity prices were used for calculating the energy cost of summer electricity consumption.Table 8.5.8.1 shows the LCC and payback results for all design options for nonweatherized gas furnaces. At 80 percent and 81 percent AFUE levels, the improved PSC motor increases the LCC savings relative to designs with a baseline blower. The ECM and BC/ECM+ options have a negative effect on LCC. Table 8.5.8.1 LCC and PBP Results for Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces, Including Electricity-Efficiency Design Options LCC Payback Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Average Savings Net Cost No Impact* Net Benefit Median Average **
$ $ % % % years years 78% Baseline $9,966 80% $9,795 $0 0% 99% 1% 2.1 37.8 80% PSC+ $9,784 $7 17% 27% 56% 5.4 5.3 80% ECM $9,873 -$59 60% 27% 14% 23.0 33.7 80% BC/ECM+ $9,822 -$21 51% 27% 23% 17.2 26.3 80% 2-stage mod. $9,718 $41 33% 27% 40% 8.6 13.5 80% 2-mod. ECM $9,795 -$13 48% 27% 26% 15.4 21.1 80% 2-stage mod. BC/ECM+ $9,782 $1 45% 27% 28% 14.3 20.9 81%, 8% Cat. III $9,789 -$3 32% 27% 41% 8.8 27.8 81% PSC+ $9,779 $5 30% 26% 44% 8.1 21.3 81% ECM $9,868 -$62 51% 26% 23% 17.8 26.2 81% BC/ECM+ $9,816 -$24 45% 26% 29% 14.8 22.9 81% 2-stage Mod, no Cat. III $9,680 $63 29% 26% 45% 7.6 17.0 81% 2-stage Mod ECM $9,796 -$20 44% 26% 29% 14.4 21.1 81% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+ $9,782 -$5 43% 26% 31% 13.7 20.5 82% $10,170 -$292 70% 26% 4% 28.7 84.6 82% PSC+ $10,159 -$284 69% 26% 5% 29.2 80.6 82% ECM $10,249 -$351 71% 26% 3% 48.4 102.4 82% BC/ECM+ $10,197 -$312 68% 26% 6% 34.8 80.3LCC Payback Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Average Savings Net Cost No Impact* Net Benefit Median Average **

8.5-24 82% 2-stage Mod $10,103 -$256 65% 26% 9% 18.5 60.2 82% 2-stage Mod ECM $10,179 -$310 67% 26% 7% 34.6 82.1 82% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+ $10,164 -$295 65% 26% 9% 30.9 70.4 83% $10,400 -$468 73% 26% 1% 63.3 121.3 90% Baseline Cond. $9,917 -$154 56% 26% 18% 17.9 42.5 90% PSC+ $9,907 -$145 57% 15% 27% 14.3 37.9 90% ECM $10,007 -$226 66% 15% 19% 21.5 47.0 90% BC/ECM+ $9,957 -$180 63% 15% 22% 19.1 42.0 91% 2-stage Mod ECM $9,898 -$141 58% 15% 26% 16.5 40.6 91% 2-stage BC/ECM+ $9,878 -$118 58% 15% 27% 16.2 37.8 91% Step Mod ECM $10,119 -$328 67% 15% 18% 22.2 54.2 91% Step Mod BC/ECM+ $10,110 -$315 66% 15% 18% 21.6 49.2 92%Incr. HX Area $9,924 -$166 60% 15% 25% 16.1 41.7 92% PSC+ $9,914 -$156 63% 2% 35% 13.2 35.8 92% ECM $10,015 -$255 76% 2% 22% 21.3 45.0 92% BC/ECM+ $9,965 -$205 73% 2% 25% 19.2 39.7 93% 2-stage Mod ECM $9,912 -$154 67% 2% 32% 15.7 39.1 93% 2-stage Mod BC/ECM+ $9,891 -$133 66% 2% 32% 15.7 35.7 93% Step Mod ECM $10,134 -$373 78% 2% 21% 21.6 50.4 93% Step Mod BC/ECM+ $10,124 -$362 77% 2% 21% 21.4 45.1 96% Step Mod ECM $10,724 -$954 89% 2% 9% 32.3 88.9 96% Step Mod BC/ECM+ $10,738 -$967 91% 0% 9% 32.8 83.6 * “No impact” means that the base case furnace assigne d to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected. ** From the form of the payback calculation, a very sm all change in operating cost can result in extremely large paybacks. These extremely large paybacks will sk ew the average payback. In these cases, median is probably a better indicator.8.5-25 LCC Savings Ranges By Design Option Median; Box: 25%-75%; Whisker: 5%-95%80%80% PSC+80% ECM80% BC/ECM+80% 2-stage Mod81% 8% Cat. III81% PSC+81% ECM81% BC/ECM+81% 2 stage Mod, no Cat. III81% 2 stage Mod ECM81% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+90% Baseline Cond.90% PSC+90% ECM90% BC/ECM+91% 2 stage Mod ECM91% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+91% Step Mod ECM91% Step Mod BC/ECM+92%92% PSC+92% ECM92% BC/ECM+93% 2 stage Mod ECM93% 2 stage Mod BC/ECM+93% Step Mod ECM93% Step Mod BC/ECM+96% Step Mod ECM96% Mod BC/ECM+ -$2500 -$2000 -$1500 -$1000

-$500 $0 $500 $1000 $1500 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.8.1 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces Figure 8.5.8.1 shows the range of LCC savings for all design options for non-weatherized gas furnaces. For each design option, the top and the bottom of the box indicate the 75 th 

### and 25 th 

### percentiles, respectively. The bar at the middle of the box indicates the median; 50 percent of the households have LCC savings above this value. The ‘whiskers’ at the bottom and the top of the box indicate the 5 th 

### and 95 th 

### percentiles. The small box shows the average LCC savings for each design option.8.5-26 

### Table 8.5.8.2 shows the results for weatherized gas furnaces. For all considered AFUE levels, the improved PSC motor increases the LCC savings relative to designs with a baseline blower. The ECM option has a negative effect on LCC. Figure 8.5.8.2 shows the range of LCC savings by design option for weatherized gas furnaces.

Table 8.5.8.2 LCC and PBP Results for Weatheri zed Gas Furnaces, Including ElectricityEfficiency Design Options

Design Option (AFUE and technology description) LCC Payback Average Average Savings Net Cost No Impact* Net Benefit Median Average ** 78% Baseline $8,545 80% Incr. HX Area $8,457 $2 0% 98% 2% 1.1 1.5 80% Improved Insulation $8,454 $4 26% 46% 28% 9.0 8.2 80% PSC+ $8,441 $10 6% 46% 48% 3.4 4.0 80% ECM $8,529 -$37 43% 46% 11% 19.3 26.7 80% Improved Heat Xfer $8,467 -$4 52% 46% 2% 2.8 3.7 81% Incr. HX Area $8,418 $23 2% 46% 52% 2.0 2.6 81% Improved Insulation $8,415 $25 20% 20% 60% 5.2 6.4 81% PSC+ $8,402 $36 4% 20% 76% 2.8 3.4 81% ECM $8,490 -$35 58% 20% 22% 16.0 21.2 81% Improved Heat Xfer $8,424 $18 32% 20% 48% 3.8 5.1 82% Incr. HX Area $8,380 $53 3% 20% 77% 2.1 2.9 82% Improved Insulation $8,377 $56 18% 0% 82% 4.3 5.6 82% PSC+ $8,364 $69 4% 0% 96% 2.6 3.2 82% ECM $8,452 -$19 65% 0% 35% 14.1 18.3 82% Improved Heat Xfer $8,382 $51 24% 0% 76% 2.5 3.4 83% Incr. HX Area $8,347 $86 6% 0% 94% 2.9 3.9 83% Improved Insulation $8,345 $88 11% 0% 89% 3.9 5.5 83% PSC+ $8,331 $102 3% 0% 97% 3.0 3.6 83% ECM $8,420 $13 58% 0% 43% 12.2 15.0 83% Improved Heat Xfer $8,345 $89 4% 0% 96% 2.4 3.3 * “No impact” means that the base case furnace assigne d to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected. ** From the form of the payback calculation, a very sm all change in operating cost can result in extremely large paybacks. These extremely large paybacks will sk ew the average payback. In these cases, median is probably a better indicator.8.5-27 LCC Savings Ranges By Design Option Median; Box: 25%-75%; Whisker: 5%-95%80% Incr HX Area80% Improved Insulation80% PSC+80% ECM80% Improved Heat Xfer81% Incr HX Area81% Improved Insulation81% PSC+81% ECM81% Improved Heat Xfer82% Incr HX Area82% Improved Insulation82% PSC+82% ECM82% Improved Heat Xfer83% Incr HX Area83% Improved Insulation83% PSC+83% ECM83% Improved Heat Xfer -$300 -$200 -$100 $0 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.8.2 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Weatherized Gas Furnaces8.5-28 

### Table 8.5.8.3 shows the results for mobile home gas furnaces. The ECM option has a negative effect on LCC. Figure 8.5.8.3 shows the range of LCC savings by design option for mobile home gas furnaces. Table 8.5.8.3 LCC and PBP Results for Mobile Home Gas Furnaces, Including ElectricityEfficiency Design Options

Design Option (AFUE and technology description) LCC Payback Average

LCC Average Savings Net Cost No Impact* Net Benefit Median Average **

75% Baseline $7,904 80% $7,480 $64 1% 85% 14% 2.4 4.7 80% ECM $7,568 -$21 67% 5% 28% 20.0 36.1 80% 2-stage modulation $7,718 -$163 80% 5% 15% 26.0 60.5 81% $7,428 $112 10% 5% 85% 4.4 6.3 81% ECM $7,517 $28 57% 5% 38% 15.6 21.1 81% 2-stage modulation $7,670 -$117 75% 5% 20% 24.9 60.3 82% $7,385 $153 14% 5% 81% 5.1 7.5 82% ECM $7,473 $69 49% 5% 46% 13.3 17.4 82% 2-stage modulation $7,630 -$80 70% 5% 25% 22.9 56.3 90% $7,352 $184 46% 5% 49% 12.5 22.7 * “No impact” means that the base case furnace assigne d to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected. ** From the form of the payback calculation, a very sm all change in operating cost can result in extremely large paybacks. These extremely large paybacks will sk ew the average payback. In these cases, median is probably a better indicator.8.5-29 LCC Savings Ranges By Design Option Median; Box: 25%-75%; Whisker: 5%-95%80% Incr HX Area80% ECM80% 2-Stage Mod81% Incr HX Area81% ECM81% 2-Stage Mod82% Incr HX Area82% ECM82% 2-Stage Mod90% Condensing -$600 -$400 -$200 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $1200 $1400 $1600 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.8.3 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Mobile Home Gas Furnaces Table 8.5.8.4 shows the results for oil-fired furnaces. Interrupted ignition shows LCC savings at the 81–83 percent AFUE levels, though slightly less than the designs with baseline features. The other electricity-efficiency design options also show positive LCC savings in some cases, but have lower LCC savings than designs with baseline features. Figure 8.5.8.4 shows the range of LCC savings by design option for oil-fired furnaces.8.5-30 

### Table 8.5.8.4 LCC and PBP Results for Oil-Fi red Furnaces, Including ElectricityEfficiency Design Options

Design Option (AFUE and technology description) LCC Payback Average Average Savings Net Cost No Impact* Net Benefit Median Average ** 78% Baseline $16,194 80% Incr. HX Area $15,900 $11 0% 96% 4% 0.2 0.2 81% $15,762 $95 2% 39% 59% 0.4 0.5 81% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. $15,885 $8 42% 30% 28% 11.7 19.4 81% Interrupted Ignition $15,785 $79 13% 30% 57% 2.8 4.9 81% ECM $15,945 -$33 50% 30% 20% 14.4 22.8 82% $15,625 $190 2% 30% 68% 0.3 0.4 82% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. $15,753 $89 35% 22% 42% 8.5 13.8 82% Interrupted Ignition $15,648 $173 10% 22% 68% 1.7 3.5 82% ECM $15,807 $49 39% 22% 38% 9.2 16.8 83% $15,492 $293 3% 22% 75% 0.3 0.4 83% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. $15,626 $178 31% 15% 54% 6.8 11.2 83% Interrupted Ignition $15,515 $273 10% 15% 75% 1.3 2.9 83% ECM $15,674 $138 32% 15% 53% 7.1 14.7 84% $15,967 -$111 58% 15% 27% 13.7 20.8 84% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. $16,106 -$240 71% 7% 22% 16.3 25.1 84% Interrupted Ignition $15,990 -$133 66% 7% 26% 14.4 21.2 84% ECM $16,148 -$279 74% 7% 18% 17.6 32.8 85% $15,845 $1 49% 7% 44% 10.0 13.8 85% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod. $15,989 -$143 69% 0% 31% 13.7 20.1 85% Interrupted Ignition $15,868 -$22 58% 0% 42% 10.8 14.9 85% ECM $16,026 -$180 72% 0% 28% 14.6 27.3 * “No impact” means that the base case furnace assigned to th e household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected. ** From the form of the payback calculation, a very sma ll change in operating cost can result in extremely large paybacks. These extremely large paybacks will skew the average payback. In th ese cases, median is probably a better indicator.8.5-31 LCC Savin g s Ran g es B y Desi g n Option80% Incr HX Area81% Incr HX Area81% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod81% Interrupted Ignition81% Improved Supply Fan Motor82% Incr HX Area82% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod82% Interrupted Ignition82% Improved Supply Fan Motor83% Incr HX Area83% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod83% Interrupted Ignition83% Improved Supply Fan Motor84% Incr HX Area84% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod84% Interrupted Ignition84% Improved Supply Fan Motor85% Incr HX Area85% Atom Burner 2-stage Mod85% Interrupted Ignition85% Improved Supply Fan Motor -$1200 -$1000

-$800 -$600 -$400 -$200 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $1200

Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.8.4 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for OilFired Furnaces8.5-32 

### Table 8.5.8.5 shows the results for hot-water gas boilers. The improved circulation pump (with ECM) has a negative effect on LCC. Figure 8.5.8.5 shows the range of LCC savings by design option for hot-water gas boilers.

Table 8.5.8.5 LCC and PBP Results for Hot-Wat er Gas Boilers, Including ElectricityEfficiency Design Options

Design Option (AFUE and technology description) LCC Payback Average

LCC Average Savings Net Cost No Impact* Net Benefit Median Average ** 80% Baseline $10,635 81% $10,371 $93 0% 65% 35% 2.1 2.4 81% 2-stage modulation $10,599 -$36 38% 44% 18% 9.9 14.8 81% Imp Circ Pump $10,620 -$48 41% 44% 16% 15.1 55.9 82% $10,314 $125 3% 44% 53% 2.5 3.3 82% 2-stage modulation $10,542 -$36 48% 30% 22% 9.3 19.6 82% Imp Circ Pump $10,564 -$51 51% 30% 19% 19.1 42.9 83% $10,256 $166 5% 30% 66% 2.5 3.3 83% 2-stage modulation $10,483 -$29 59% 15% 27% 9.9 23.3 83% Imp Circ Pump $10,505 -$46 61% 15% 24% 17.8 39.6 84% $10,199 $215 6% 15% 79% 2.5 3.4 84% 2-stage modulation $10,426 $0 62% 6% 32% 10.5 22.7 84% Imp Circ Pump $10,448 -$20 63% 6% 31% 15.1 31.4 88% $10,741 -$294 67% 6% 27% 17.5 29.8 91% $10,823 -$372 75% 3% 22% 19.3 43.0 99% $11,304 -$853 85% 0% 15% 21.7 46.1 * “No impact” means that the base case furnace assigne d to the household has greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected. ** From the form of the payback calculation, a very sm all change in operating cost can result in extremely large paybacks. These extremely large paybacks will sk ew the average payback. In these cases, median is probably a better indicator..8.5-33 LCC Savings Ranges By Design Option Median; Box: 25%-75%; Whisker: 5%-95%81% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign81% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft81% Imp Circ Pump82% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign82% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft82% Imp Circ Pump83% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign83% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft83% Imp Circ Pump84% Imp Ht Xfer/Elec Ign84% 2-stage Mod + Indc Draft84% Imp Circ Pump88%91%99% -$2500 -$2000 -$1500 -$1000

-$500 $0 $500 $1000 $1500 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.8.5 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Hot-Water Gas Boilers8.5-34 

### Table 8.5.8.6 shows the results for hot-water oil-fired boilers. Interrupted ignition shows LCC savings at the 81–83 percent AFUE levels that are about the same as the designs with baseline features. The other electricity-efficien cy design options have lower LCC savings than designs with baseline features. Figure 8.5.8.6 shows the range of LCC savings by design option for hot-water oil-fired boilers.

Table 8.5.8.6 LCC and PBP Results for Hot-Water Oil-fired Boilers, Including ElectricityEfficiency Design Options Design Option (AFUE and technology description) Average Average Savings Net Cost No Impact* Net Benefit Median Average ** 80% Baseline $14,890 81% $14,772 $6 0% 95% 5% 0.6 0.8 81% Atomized Burner $15,166 -$36 11% 89% 0% 70.4 104.9 81% Inter Ign $14,776 $6 4% 89% 7% 6.0 9.4 81% Imp Circ Pump $14,995 -$17 10% 89% 1% 39.5 64.0 82% $14,657 $18 0% 89% 11% 0.7 0.8 82% Atomized Burner $15,051 -$45 16% 84% 0% 35.0 64.3 82% Inter Ign $14,661 $18 4% 84% 12% 3.4 6.7 82% Imp Circ Pump $14,880 -$17 13% 84% 3% 21.1 44.5 83% $14,545 $36 0% 84% 16% 0.7 0.8 83% Atomized Burner $14,939 -$119 37% 61% 2% 23.0 45.0 83% Inter Ign $14,549 $35 16% 61% 23% 7.8 10.1 83% Imp Circ Pump $14,768 -$52 33% 61% 6% 52.8 67.8 84% $14,435 $79 0% 61% 39% 0.7 0.8 84% Atomized Burner $14,830 -$169 58% 37% 5% 26.7 57.6 84% Inter Ign $14,439 $77 17% 37% 46% 3.8 7.4 84% Imp Circ Pump $14,659 -$61 51% 37% 11% 24.1 49.8 86% $14,943 -$234 52% 37% 11% 23.0 31.6 86% Atomized Burner $15,338 -$602 91% 7% 2% 53.0 98.1 86% Inter Ign $14,947 -$238 73% 7% 20% 17.4 24.9 86% Imp Circ Pump $15,167 -$442 88% 7% 5% 41.3 59.3 90% $15,260 -$527 81% 7% 12% 19.6 23.8 95% $15,561 -$829 88% 0% 12% 19.1 23.0 * “No impact” means that the base case furn ace assigned to the household ha s greater efficiency than the level indicated, so the household is not affected. ** From the form of the payback calculation, a very small change in operating cost can result in extremely large paybacks. These extremely large paybacks will skew the averag e payback. In these cases, median is probably a better indicator.8.5-35 LCC Savings Ranges By Design Option Median; Box: 25%-75%; Whisker: 5%-95%81%81% Atom 2-stage81% Inter Ign81% Imp Circ Pump82%82% Atom 2-stage82% Inter Ign82% Imp Circ Pump83%83% Atom 2-stage83% Inter Ign83% Imp Circ Pump84%84% Atom 2-stage84% Inter Ign84% Imp Circ Pump86%86% Atom 2-stage86% Inter Ign86% Imp Circ Pump90%95% -$2200 -$2000 -$1800 -$1600 -$1400 -$1200 -$1000

-$800 -$600 -$400 -$200 $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 Median Mean



### Figure 8.5.8.6 Range of LCC Savings by Design Option for Hot-Water Oil-Fired Boilers