K9910951 050100 /...

EP

United Nations

Environment

Programme

UNITED

NATIONS

Distr.

GENERAL

UNEP/OzL.Pro.11/10

17 December 1999

ORIGINAL: ENGLISH

ELEVENTH MEETING OF THE PARTIES

 TO THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON

 SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE

 OZONE LAYER

Beijing, 29 November-3 December 1999

REPORT OF THE ELEVENTH MEETING OF THE PARTIES TO THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON

SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER

Introduction

1. The combined fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the

Ozone Layer and Eleventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer

was held at the Beijing International Convention Centre, Beijing, China, from 29 November to 3 December 1999.

I. OPENING OF THE TECHNICAL SEGMENT OF THE MEETING

2. The combined meeting was called to order at 10 a.m. by Mr. K.M. Sarma, Executive Secretary of the Montreal

Protocol. Mr. Sarma introduced a group of Chinese children, known as the "Hand-in-Hand Global Village" of Chinese

youth, who presented a message to all participants and to the children of the world, calling for strengthened efforts to

protect the ozone layer and to save the world for future generations.

3. The combined meeting was then addressed by Mr. Ibrahim Abdel-Gelil (Egypt), Co-Chair of the Open-ended

Working Group of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, speaking in his

capacity as Co-Chair of the technical segment of the combined meeting, who welcomed participants and introduced Mr.

Xie Zhenhua, Minister of the Environment, State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) of the People's

Republic of China. 

4. Mr. Xie Zhenhua officially opened the technical segment of the combined meeting of the Vienna Convention and

the Montreal Protocol. In his statement, he welcomed all participants and said that it was a great honour for China to host

the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol and the fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the

Vienna Convention. Recognizing that ozone depletion was a global issue that could only be tackled by international

cooperation, his Government firmly believed in the approach of common but differentiated responsibility. He noted that

the countries operating under Article 5, paragraph 1, had made important strides in attaining the 1 July 1999 freeze.

5. In the field of international environmental cooperation, China was a party to numerous environmental
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instruments, including the Vienna Convention, the Montreal Protocol and the London Amendment and the Government

had set up a special coordinating organization for the implementation of those instruments in China. In addition, China

had recently updated its country programme and had introduced a series of policies to control production and consumption

of ozone-depleting substances. With the support of international donors and the Multilateral Fund, China had been able to

meet the July 1999 target to freeze production and consumption of CFCs. He expressed heartfelt thanks to all

organizations and Governments for their concern and the assistance that they had rendered to China. Stating that the

Montreal Protocol represented an exemplary demonstration of international cooperation in addressing global environmental

issues, he wished all participants success in the current meetings.

6. Following that official opening, the combined meeting was addressed by Mr. Shafqat Kakakhel, Deputy

Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), speaking on behalf of Mr. Klaus Töpfer,

Executive Director of the UNEP. In his statement, Mr. Kakakhel thanked the organizers for their excellent arrangements

for the meetings and noted that the China of current time was a significant force in the world economy, in efforts to protect

the environment and in the protection of the ozone layer.

7. Reviewing the draft decisions placed before the Parties for their consideration, he noted the European Community

proposals, inter alia, for the adjustment and amendment of the Montreal Protocol, on hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs),

methyl bromide for quarantine and preshipment applications and on new ozone depleting substances. In that context he

stressed the need for wider ratification by Parties of the Copenhagen and Montreal Amendments.

8. Turning to the draft decisions on the fixed-exchange-rate mechanism and the replenishment of the Fund, he noted

the achievements by the Fund, through UNEP, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations

Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the World Bank, in building capacity and promoting implementation

of the Protocol and encouraged Parties to ensure that the Multilateral Fund was properly supported, with a view to

ensuring the necessary synergies. In that connection he appealed to developing countries to consider innovative measures

to control imports and ensure compliance with their obligations under the Protocol.

9. With regard to the issue of imports of products relying on Annex A and Annex B substances, he hoped that the

Parties would ensure that exporting countries fully respected the desires and laws of importing countries which indicated

that they did not wish to import such products.

10. Recalling that the mandate of the assessment panels was due for renewal at the current meeting, he urged

industrialized countries to continue to support their experts on the panels in the performance of their invaluable work. He

also urged those Parties in arrears to the Vienna Convention and Montreal Protocol trust funds to clear those arrears as

soon as possible. 

11. He noted the achievements of the Protocol: almost universal ratification, reduction of the production and

consumption of ozone-depleting substances by more than 85 per cent; disbursement by the Fund, with the assistance of the

implementing agencies, of $1 billion to developing countries to assist them in the transition to ozone friendly technologies;

and success in addressing the problem of non-compliance by countries with economies in transition. He urged Parties to

continue those efforts and wished participants successful deliberations.
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II. ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS

A. Attendance

12. The combined Fifth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the

Ozone Layer and the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer

was attended by representatives of the following Parties: Albania, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Argentina,

Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil,

Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica,

Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican

Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Community, Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia,

Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Israel, Italy, Jamaica,

Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg,

Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands,

New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,

Republic of Korea, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,

Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian

Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Thailand, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,

Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United Republic of Tanzania,

United States of America, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

13. The following non-Parties were represented: Holy See, Kyrgyzstan.

14. Representatives of the following United Nations bodies and specialized agencies also attended: Global

Environment Facility (GEF), Secretariat of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol, United

Nations Development Programme (UNDP), UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics, United Nations

Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), United Nations Office at Nairobi, World Bank.

15. The following intergovernmental and non-governmental bodies and agencies were also represented: 3M

Company, Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute, Alliance for Responsible Atmospheric Policy, Allied Signal USA,

Allied Signal Europe, Association of Methyl Bromide Industry of Japan (AMBIJ), Association of Home Appliance

Manufactures, Australian National Halon Bank, California Walnut Commission, Cannon, Carrier Corporation, Changshu

Foreign Investment Enterprise Association, Comite Nacional pro Defensa de la Fauna y Flora Friends of the Earth

(CODEFF-FOE) Chile, Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network, Crop Protection Coalition, CryoLine Supplies Inc., Dohkai Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Dow Chemicals, Dupont Company, Elf Atochem, Environmental

Investigation Agency, European Methyl Bromide Association, Federation of Pharmaceuticals Manufacturers Association

of Japan, Friends of the Earth International, Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Fujiyoshi Trading Company Limited, Glaxo Wellcome,

Great Lakes Chemical Corporation, Greenpeace International, Grupo Cydsa S.A. de C.V., Guandong Kelon Electrical

Holdings Company, Health and Environment Watch (PANESA), Indian Chemical Manufacturers Association, Industrial

Technology Research Institute, Institute of Refrigeration, International Pharmaceutical Aerosol Consortium, International

Institute of Refrigeration, Israel Economic Forum for the Environment, Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry

Association, Japan Field Company Limited, Japan Industrial Conference for Ozone Layer Protection, Japan Industrial

Conference for Ozone Layer Protection, Japan Fluorocarbon Manufacturers Association, Japan's Save the Ozone Network,

JICC Co. Ltd., Lennox International Inc., Line of International Fundamental Energy Network, Manitoba Ozone Protection

Industry Association, Methyl Bromide Working Group, Niko Petrochemicals Company Limited, Nippon Chemicals Co.

Ltd., Ozone Action, Pesticide Action Network Africa, Pesticide Action Network Mexico, Pesticide Action

Network North America, Quimobasicos S.A. de C.V., Refrigerant Gas Manufacturers' Association, Sanko Chemical Ind.

Co. Ltd., Sierra Club, Stockholm Environment Institute, Technology Development Foundation, Teljin Kasei, Tianjin Fire

Research Institute, Trane Company, TSL-Green Architecture Group, UNI Coop, Vanzetti Engineering, York International

Corporation.

B. Officers

16. Mr. Ibrahim Abdel-Gelil (Egypt) and Mr. Jukka Uosukainen (Finland), Co-Chairs of the Open-ended Working

Group of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, co-chaired the technical
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segment of the combined meeting.

C. Adoption of the agenda

17. The following agenda for the technical segment of the combined meeting was adopted on the basis of the

provisional agenda which had been circulated in UNEP/OzL.Pro.11/1-UNEP/OzL.Conv.5/1, and as orally amended in the

meeting:

1. Opening of the meeting:

(a) Statement by a representative of the Government of China;

(b) Statement by the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

2. Organizational matters:

(a) Adoption of the agenda;

(b) Organization of work.

3. Presentation of reports:

(a) Supplementary report by the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel replenishment;

(b) Report by the Treasurer on a fixed-exchange-rate system;

(c) Report by the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel on hydrofluorocarbons and

perfluorocarbons.

4. Beijing Declaration on Renewed Commitment to the Protection of the Ozone Layer.

5. Discussion on the issues and on draft decisions:

(a) Proposed adjustments and amendments to the Montreal Protocol;

(b) Replenishment of the Multilateral Fund;

(c) Use of a fixed-currency-exchange-rate mechanism for contributions to the Multilateral Fund;

(d) Selection of:

 (i) Members of the Implementation Committee;

 (ii) Members of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund; and

(iii) Co-Chairs of the Open-ended Working Group for future years;

(e) Reporting of data;

(f) Ratification of the Convention, Protocol and its amendments;

(g) Quarantine and pre-shipment applications of methyl bromide;

(h) Essential-use-exemption applications;

(i) Laboratory and analytical uses of ozone-depleting substances;
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(j) Import and export of products whose functioning relies on Annex A and Annex B substances;

(k) Limitation of emissions of chlorofluorocarbons from equipment in non-Article 5 Parties.

6. Report of the President of the Implementation Committee.

7. Terms of reference for the Assessment Panels.

8. Proposed decisions for the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention.

9. Financial statements and budgets for the trust funds for the Vienna Convention and the Montreal

Protocol.

10. Other matters.

III. PRESENTATION OF REPORTS

A. Supplementary report by the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel:

Level of replenishment of the Multilateral Fund for the period 2000-2002

18. Mr. Lambert Kuijpers, Co-Chair of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, introduced the

supplementary report of the Panel's task force on replenishment concerning the funding required for the replenishment of

the Multilateral Fund for the period 2000-2002, which had been requested by the Ad Hoc Group on Replenishment at its

meeting in Geneva in June 1999. The task force had investigated the following ten aspects of replenishment:

(a) Cost-effectiveness levels for methyl bromide projects;

(b) Sensitivity analysis on growth rates for consumption of ozone-depleting substances, for example, using

an assumption of 0-2 per cent growth, instead of 8-10 per cent;

(c) Better justification for the benefits of non-investment activities, including possible quantification;

(d) Monetizing the benefits of advance funding;

(e) Sensitivity analysis for cost-effectiveness thresholds, particularly for low-volume consuming countries

and small and medium-sized enterprises;

(f) More detailed analysis of the cost of refrigerant management plans;

(g) Outcome of the discussions of the Executive Committee at its July 1999 meeting on innovative

financing;

(h) New subsectors, such as transport, approved by the Executive Committee;

(i) Cost of avoiding the use of HCFCs in the projects to be approved by the Fund;

(j) Opportunity costs associated with expenditures to favour hydrocarbons in Fund projects.

19. He pointed out that the "base case" scenario, which considered the minimum funding required to comply with the

control schedules on an assumed linear phase-out path for different control chemicals, had been slightly adjusted to a total

funding requirement of $301.4 million.

20. Mr. Tom Batchelor, Co-Chair of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee and a member of the six-
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person task force on replenishment of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, briefly summarized the section of

the supplementary report that derived cost estimates for the methyl bromide sector. He described the sources of

information available and the factors that contributed to the variation in the cost of methyl bromide projects. Much of the

information on cost-effectiveness was derived from examination of the cost of projects in this sector recently approved by

the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund, and an experts meeting held recently in Canada as part of the ongoing

review of the Methyl Bromide Guidelines for Incremental Costs. Four crops accounted for about 70 per cent of the methyl

bromide consumption, with an average cost-effectiveness of $14 per kg. Based on expected cost-efficiency improvement

with the implementation of further projects on alternatives to methyl bromide, the Technology and Economic Assessment

Panel had considered $12 per kg an appropriate cost-effectiveness value. Based on that value, the estimate of the total

funding required to eliminate sufficient methyl bromide for the Parties operating under Article 5, paragraph 1, to meet the

freeze in 2002, to have a 20 per cent reduction in 2005 and to meet production sector costs, was $64.3 million.

21. Mr. Kuijpers, pointing to the advance funding of $200 million proposed by the Panel,

explained the four rationales behind the proposal. Those included environmental aspects, and the need to apply the

precautionary principle; business aspects and the fact that a sharp variation in approvals would be inefficient;

administrative aspects, regarding a challenge to the capacities of Parties and the bodies under the Montreal Protocol; and

low-volume consuming country aspects, with regard to the additional resources required to compensate for aggregation

errors. With regard to domestic policies, there was scope for further cost reduction, as compared to the report prepared by

the Panel in April 1999.

22. The task force had examined the cost of avoiding the use of HCFCs in future projects and had decided that,

although such costs could not be determined at the current time, historical experience enabled a rough estimate to be made.

 In its preliminary approach, the task force had made a study of approvals in sectors involving HCFCs from 1997 to 1999. 

It had used assumptions for cost increases, particularly in the foam and the domestic and commercial refrigeration sectors,

and had determined the increase in the funding for the sector and the increase in the funding for all investment projects in

the future, assuming that the project mix would not change.

B. Report by the Treasurer on the use of a fixed-currency-exchange-rate mechanism

for the replenishment of the Multilateral Fund (decision X/32)

23. The representative of the United Nations Office at Nairobi, speaking on behalf of the Treasurer, introduced the

report of the Treasurer on the use of a fixed-currency-exchange-rate

mechanism for the replenishment of the Multilateral Fund (UNEP/OzL.Pro/11/9). That document presented the findings of

the supplementary study in light of the comments made on the previous study by the nineteenth meeting of the Open-ended

Working Group of the Parties, held in Geneva from 15 to 18 June 1999, and the input of the Chief Officer of the Secretariat

of the Multilateral Fund. Feedback from Parties on the issue of fixing dates for payment of contributions to the Fund was

set out in document UNEP/OzL.Pro.11/9/Add.1.

24. The methodology used in the study, which had the basic objective of maximizing contributions to the Fund

through the use of national currencies, was to observe currency fluctuations and establish eligibility criteria, whereby those

ineligible would pay in United States dollars and those eligible would pay fixed rates for the period of replenishment. The

assumptions used in the previous study were, first, the period 1996-1998; second, two equal annual payments to the

Multilateral Fund in June and December; third, applying eligibility criteria of a 13 per cent limit in exchange rate

fluctuation; and, fourth, an exchange rate based on the average for the six months preceding the replenishment decision. 

The previous study on a fixed-exchange-rate mechanism had observed that promissory notes constituted 29 per cent of

Fund contributions and countries using national currencies would have paid 13 per cent less than equivalent United States

dollar pledges. Theoretically, there was no risk in the long term, but the short-term risk of loss or gain to the Fund

depended on the relative value of currencies. Additional suggestions on risk management included ensuring an 80 per cent

ceiling and fixing payment dates.
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25. The basic objective and methodology of the supplementary study were the same as for the original study. The

assumptions used were also the same, with the exception that the supplementary study used the actual 1994-1996

replenishment period and eligibility criteria of a 10 per cent limit in exchange rate fluctuations. The study found that over

the period 1994-1996 an additional $14.05 million, or 3 per cent, would have accrued to the Fund. This conclusion

differed considerably from the conclusion of the original mock study, which indicated that, for the fictitious replenishment

period of 1996-1998, there would have been a loss of $43 million, or 9 per cent of the total assumed agreed contribution of

$474 million. In addition, the supplementary study confirmed that the net effects of a fixed-exchange-rate mechanism on

the Fund could fluctuate negatively or positively. With regard to the fixing of payment dates to the Fund, the report noted

the results of a questionnaire sent to Parties soliciting their views.

26. Also annexed to the report were the results of monitoring exchange rates for the period March-September 1999,

the rate of the Euro to the United States dollar and the rate of special drawing rights to the United States dollar.

C. Report by the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel on the implications

on the implementation of the Montreal Protocol of the inclusion of

hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons in the Kyoto Protocol to

the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

(decision X/16)

27. Mr. Stephen Andersen presented the report of the Panel's task force on HFCs and PFCs. The task force included

28 experts from 17 countries (30 per cent from countries with economies in transition and countries operating under

Article 5, paragraph 1). The task force report presented 32 findings that assessed the implications to the Montreal Protocol

of the inclusion of HFCs and PFCs in the Kyoto Protocol. HFCs were critical for metered dose inhalers, product safety,

military uses, fire protection, and solvent applications. HFCs were desirable for energy-efficient foam and for some

refrigeration and air conditioning applications. HFCs replaced about 8 per cent of ozone-depleting substances in

developed countries and about 7 per cent of projects financed by the Multilateral Fund for developing countries. HFCs

were expected to replace 50 per cent of HCFCs used in foam and 65 per cent of the HCFCs used in refrigeration. The

Kyoto Protocol need not interfere with implementation of the Montreal Protocol and the Montreal Protocol need not

interfere with the Kyoto Protocol. Other findings documented the options to reduce HFC emissions, to safely use toxic and

flammable refrigerants, to evaluate overall environmental performance, and principles for responsible use of HFCs.

28. One representative, speaking on behalf of a regional economic integration organization and its member States,

while generally agreeing with the findings of the task force, did not share its views on all points. In particular, the

statement suggesting that Parties might wish to revisit the HCFC phase-out decision was not in line with the commitments

and intent of the Montreal Protocol, which was to phase out all ozone-depleting substances and was not underpinned by

the text presented in the study. 

Furthermore, the choice between regulatory or non-regulatory actions related to HFCs was a policy matter to be decided by

each individual Party. She recalled that, at the fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change, her organization had proposed that some decision-making tools should be

developed. Those tools were intended to help the Parties systematically to assess different options for emissions limitation,

and to choose the option that would best suit the specific circumstances of each Party. The proposal did not gain enough

support, however. The member States of her organization looked forward to continuing the discussion on the issue both

under the Framework Convention and in the context of the Montreal Protocol, as appropriate.

29. Another representative, while expressing appreciation to the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel

scientists for the complete information they had provided, suggested that, by undertaking an analysis of the implications of

the Kyoto Protocol for the Montreal Protocol, the task force had clearly exceeded its mandate, which was simply to provide

information for an analysis of the issue. Moreover, its comments on the utility of national legislation represented serious

interference in the sovereign rights of States. Some sections of the report were too general, reflecting neither the

complexity of the question nor the situation of countries, and could mislead non-specialist readers and result in the

inadequate handling of that important issue.

30. In response to a query, Mr. Andersen clarified that, in its examination of the question, the task force had made no

attempt to analyse targets or timetables, nor the costs and financial implications for Article 5 countries.

31. Another representative drew attention to the problem of adequately defining the term "non-investment" under the
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Montreal Protocol, in order to carry out a detailed analysis of the issues under consideration.

32. The observer from an environmental non-governmental organization said that HFCs must not be viewed as a

long-term solution to CFC and HCFC replacement. A global cap on HFC production should be agreed to and the use of

HFCs should be immediately prohibited in any application where the substance was directly and routinely vented into the

atmosphere, save for a temporary "critical use exemption" for specialized applications, such as metered dose inhalers. The

Parties to the Montreal Protocol should instruct the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund to show preferential

consideration in funding to CFC-replacement technologies that did not contribute to global warming. To ensure impartial

analysis, full disclosure of corporate affiliation of all technical experts working for the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols was

needed. Over-representation in the HFC review process by the fluorocarbon industry would hinder the ability of the Parties

to gauge accurately the feasibility of not-in-kind alternatives.

IV. BEIJING DECLARATION ON RENEWED COMMITMENT TO THE PROTECTION

OF THE OZONE LAYER

33. All representatives who took the floor expressed appreciation to China for its preparation of the draft of the

Beijing Declaration. Many considered that the time was ripe for such a restatement of what had been achieved and what

remained to be done for the global phase-out of ozone-depleting substances. While several representatives supported the

draft declaration in its current form, a number considered that it was necessary to clarify, strengthen or modify the

language of some of its operative paragraphs. One representative considered that the declaration should stress the need to

develop and strengthen coordination and cooperation between the ozone instruments and the Framework Convention on

Climate Change, which were all aimed towards the protection of the global atmosphere.

34. The Meeting agreed to set up a small drafting group to work further on the text of the draft declaration. The

drafting group met on that basis and, following its deliberations, submitted a text to plenary which was unanimously

adopted. The text of the Beijing Declaration on Renewed Commitment to the Protection of the Ozone Layer, as adopted by

the Meeting, is contained in annex I to the present report.

V. DISCUSSION ON THE ISSUES AND ON DRAFT DECISIONS

A. Proposed adjustments and amendments to the Montreal Protocol

35. Introducing the item, the representative of the European Community recalled that, notwithstanding the attested

successes of the Montreal Protocol, ozone depletion was still at its peak and recovery would take a further 20 years. Seeing

a need to firm up the Protocol, the European Community presented a proposal covering four areas, HCFCs; new ozonedepleting substances, methyl bromide and quarantine and preshipment uses; and combined production for basic domestic

needs.

36. With regard to HCFCs, the European Community was concerned that those HCFCs were the only

ozone-depleting substances listed in the Montreal Protocol whose production remained entirely uncontrolled and for which

trade with non-Parties was permitted, and it accordingly proposed three changes in the HCFC area:

(a) New controls on HCFC production in non-Article 5 countries, via an amendment to Article 2F to

achieve a freeze on HCFC production from a specified base year with phase-out by 2025. For Article 5 countries, HCFC

production controls should apply with levels and dates identical to the existing consumption controls;

(b) Tighter controls on HCFC consumption in non-Article 5 countries, via an adjustment to paragraph 1 (a)

of Article 2F, to reduce the HCFC cap from 2.8 per cent to 2.0 per cent with effect from 1 January 2001; and an adjustment

to paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 2F to accelerate the phase-down schedule;

(c) Ban on trade in HCFCs with non-Parties, via amendments to Article 4.

37. With regard to new ozone-depleting substances, the Community was concerned that the addition of any new

ozone-depleting substance to the Montreal Protocol required an Amendment to the Protocol, and believed that by ratifying
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the Protocol each Party had declared its intent to phase out ozone-depleting substances. Accordingly, it hoped to see a less

onerous procedure by which control measures could quickly be extended to new substances. That would also give a clear

signal to industry that further development of such substances would be neither desirable nor worthwhile.

38. With regard to methyl bromide quarantine and pre-shipment uses, the Community noted, from the April 1999

report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, that 22 per cent of the current global use of methyl bromide was

for quarantine and pre-shipment applications, entirely outside the Protocol's control measures. With evidence that the

definitions of quarantine and pre-shipment adopted in decisions VI/11 and VII/5 were not widely understood or

consistently applied, the blanket exemption for quarantine and pre-shipment represented a potential loophole in the

Protocol's control measures which could delay the recovery of the ozone layer. 

39. Accordingly, the European Community proposed that, for each 12-month period commencing on a date to be

stipulated, the calculated levels of production and consumption of controlled substances in Annex E for quarantine and

pre-shipment applications should not exceed the average of a country's annual calculated levels of production and

consumption, respectively, for those applications for the period 1995-1998 inclusive. Acceptance of a freeze would not

only constitute a control measure but would also open up the possibility of Multilateral Fund financing of projects for

alternatives to methyl bromide in quarantine and pre-shipment.

40. The Community also proposed mandatory reporting of methyl bromide uses for quarantine and pre-shipment

applications, with the volumes used for the two components being reported separately, allowing for more useful analysis

than if they were reported together.

41. With regard to continued production for basic domestic needs, the Community noted that, while Article 5 Parties

had to freeze their CFC production in 1999 and halve it in 2005, non-Article 5 Parties could continue indefinitely to

produce and export up to 15 per cent of their 1986 CFC baseline to meet the basic domestic needs of Article 5 Parties and

it therefore feared that those Parties' phase-out efforts might be undermined by the continued and unrestricted availability

of CFCs and other controlled substances on the world market. In consequence, it proposed a freeze and gradual phase-out

of ozone-depleting substances in non-Article 5 countries in line with the arrangements for the Article 5 countries.

42. A large number of representatives spoke on the proposed amendments. In general, some said that the most

important issue raised by the proposals was the question of technology transfer, while others said that all of the

components of the proposal should be further studied by appropriate technical bodies.

43. Regarding new controls on HCFC production, several representatives said that the treatment of HCFCs needed to

be harmonized with that of other ozone-depleting substances, while one representative pointed out that the differing

treatment was justified in that HCFCs were the only controlled substances that were, themselves, a substitute for other

controlled substances. Some representatives questioned the need for further controls, saying that Parties were

independently applying whatever measures were necessary to restrict ozone-depleting substances emissions as far as was

feasible, or that the controls were already as stringent as possible. Several representatives said there was a need for greater

controls in order to limit any future over-supply on the world market, while others pointed out that HCFCs were the most

viable alternative to CFCs for the developing countries. One representative pointed out that the production of certain

HCFCs might in fact increase as CFCs were retired. Some representatives felt that any stricter controls would have to go

hand-in-hand with a greater readiness by the Executive Committee to approve appropriate allocations for investment

projects in Article 5 countries.

44. With regard to HCFC consumption, a number of representatives pointed out that consumption was approaching

the cap, and thus they were not able to support the proposal as it stood. Others, however, were in favour of an adjustment.

45. On the subject of trade in HCFCs with non-Parties, some representatives pointed out that a ban would make it

less attractive for a country to be a non-Party, while others said that they remained to be convinced of the merits of the

proposal. The representatives of some countries on the receiving end of illegal trade called on Parties not to support a ban,

and others stressed that trade in HCFCs was important to the Article 5 Parties since many enterprises in those countries

were switching to HCFCs.

46. On the subject of new ozone-depleting substances, some representatives felt that the European Community's

proposal did not in fact achieve a less onerous procedure, while others warned of the need to strike the right balance
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between an adjustment and an Amendment. Some representatives urged that the Montreal Protocol should not be modified

too often, or should be modified only by due procedure. Others supported the proposal of the European Community as it

stood. A number suggested that a definite date should be set for the banning of bromochloromethane.

47. On the question of methyl bromide use for quarantine and pre-shipment, some representatives agreed that there

was a potential loophole which might delay the recovery of the ozone layer, and supported the proposal. Others, however,

considered that alterations to the current arrangements were not appropriate, as flexibility was needed to deal with possible

increased infestations or increased trade, or to avoid possible negative impacts on countries' trade, particularly trade with

non-Article 5 countries, or the danger of introducing exotic pests. Some representatives pointed out that the previous

acceleration in methyl bromide phase-out had been agreed, on the understanding that the unconditional exemption for

quarantine and pre-shipment was to be maintained until viable alternatives to methyl bromide were in existence. A

number of representatives said that there was a need for intensive research into such alternatives, while others insisted that

there were in fact proven alternatives. In particular, a number of representatives found it premature to discuss extending

restrictions to quarantine and pre-shipment applications when only 101 out of 168 Parties had so far ratified the

Copenhagen Amendment, and pointed out that the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel had not been able to

determine the economic feasibility of the substances identified as technical alternatives to methyl bromide. Others called

for greater amounts of Multilateral Fund resources to be made available for retrofitting of equipment using methyl

bromide. While an observer, speaking on behalf of a group of environmental non-governmental organizations called for an

increase in the accuracy of the data reported, one representative called for further study of the whole question.

48. Some representatives considered that mandatory reporting would be an important step towards freezing quantities

of methyl bromide used, while others favoured the proposal as a way to prevent abuse of the quarantine and pre-shipment

exemption. Some representatives pointed out that they had already been following that procedure on a voluntary basis, but

others said that they had no mechanism for such reporting.

49. Some representatives were in favour of reporting uses of methyl bromide for quarantine separately from those for

pre-shipment, while several others felt that they would have difficulty in doing so.

50. Some representatives thought that production of CFCs for basic domestic needs should be limited even further

than proposed, perhaps down to no more than the amounts required to meet Article 5 countries' essential uses, perhaps by a

figure of 20-30 per cent. Some other representatives warned that limits on production of CFCs would impair their

availability in Article 5 countries or translate into an increase in their price, while several others warned that the proposal

as drafted seemed to imply a danger that CFCs might cease prematurely to be available for metered-dose inhalers. One

representative supported adjustment for all ozone-depleting substances except methyl chloroform, another warned that the

proposal was premature since some of the replacement technologies were not yet mature, while yet another called on the

Executive Committee to formulate guidelines for refrigerant management plans as soon as possible. The observer from an

environmental non-governmental organization called for the elimination of CFCs, noting that there were safe and reliable

alternatives to them in virtually all applications and that their elimination had the collateral benefit of assisting with

countries' commitments under the Kyoto protocol. The Meeting agreed to set up an open-ended contact group on the

amendments and adjustments, under the co-chairmanship of Canada and Mexico, to consider the issues more closely and

report back thereon to the plenary.

B. Replenishment of the Multilateral Fund

51. Introducing the subitem, the Co-Chair recalled earlier discussions on the issue, including those at the nineteenth

meeting of the open-ended Working Group. Reporting on work done inter-sessionally, the Co-Chair said that, at its

meeting in Washington in September/October 1999, the Ad Hoc Group on Replenishment had considered many issues,

including the 10-point report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel task force. Regarding replenishment,

many representatives had considered the $300 million base level of funding proposed for the triennium 2000-2002 to be

acceptable, while many others had considered it inadequate.

52. A wide range of costs had been discussed with regard to methyl bromide uses, including the $12 per kg proposed

in the report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, but the Group had felt that the matter needed further

consideration. The question of how to deal with the issue of whether all countries had ratified the Copenhagen

Amendment was also addressed.
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53. The Group had considered the issue of the justification of non-investment activities, which it had found difficult

to quantify accurately. Some members had expressed the view that the figure put forward in the report of the Technology

and Economic Assessment Panel for non-investment activities was inadequate, while others found it acceptable. The

Group had also discussed the benefits of advanced funding, including environmental and administrative benefits, as well

as the importance of maintaining momentum in the phasing-out of CFCs.

54. The matter of concessional lending had also been looked at by the Group, with some members believing that it

should be used to a greater degree and others advising caution.

55. In conclusion, the Co-Chair emphasized that the Group had not attempted to reach consensus, but rather had

merely sought to review the relevant issues more closely.

56. In the ensuing discussion, many representatives expressed the view that the replenishment level for the triennium

in question would have to be near or in excess of $500 million if countries were to comply with the 1999 freeze

requirement, while preparing at the same time to meet the reduction required by 2005. On the issue of the balance

remaining from the $540 million approved by the Parties for the previous triennium, they proposed that that amount,

$17 million, be added over and above whatever would be approved for the coming triennium, to assist those countries

which had prepared projects but which had been unable to implement them for lack of funding. Because some donor

countries were in arrears with their contributions, some projects approved at the meeting of the Executive Committee

would not receive the necessary funds immediately.

57. Many representatives also stressed the need to increase the amount allocated to non-investment activities, since

many countries had no investment projects. In addition, the issue of concessional lending should not be considered within

the current or future replenishment because its adoption would, in their opinion, bring many uncertainties and undermine

the principle of common but differentiated responsibility in addressing global environmental issues, as well as the

commitment of the Parties to the protection of the ozone layer.

58. Some of those representatives also emphasized that the period 2000-2005 was crucial for the Protocol, in view of

the mandated major reductions in consumption of CFCs and carbon tetrachloride. Article 5 countries would be required

not only to set up policies to ensure that investment projects were realized, but also to establish systems to control and

monitor imports and exports of ozone-depleting substances, consumption and production, meet country-specific

requirements for phase-out assistance, develop an approach to support the servicing sector and tackle the complex issue of

small and medium-size enterprises while phasing out ozone-depleting substances. Such activities required substantial

financial support.

59. Other representatives said that the base case of $300 million was a firm and fair estimate, which met the

legitimate needs of Article 5 countries over the next triennium. There were valid reasons to justify advance funding and

exceeding the amount needed for strict compliance during 2000-2002. Those representatives were not convinced, however,

that the environmental, administrative and business considerations outlined in the Panel's report led to any specific figure

above the base-case scenario. That notwithstanding, all those representatives supported funding levels some way above

the base-case scenario.

60. Those representatives recalled that the level of new resources agreed in Costa Rica in 1996 had been $466

million and not $540 million, as stated by some representatives. It was also now time to fulfil and operationalize the

commitment of Article 10 of the Montreal Protocol, to make progress on concessional lending and other forms of

innovative financing, particularly with respect to incremental costs of projects. The increased and carefully thought-out use

of innovative financing would be a factor in determining the amount of funding to which the group could agree in excess of

the base rate.

61. Many of those representatives were also of the view that the financing needs outside the next replenishment

period could only be preliminary estimates that conveyed what was expected further in the future. Perhaps the most

important element of uncertainty relating to replenishment was the cost of phasing out methyl bromide. They pointed out,

furthermore, that the issue of ratification of the Copenhagen Amendment by some Parties could have a significant impact

on the funding level needed. In addition, non-investment activities were essential in enabling the effective phase-out of

ozone-depleting substances, although the results of such activities were difficult to quantify. It was important, however, to

continue developing and following up performance indicators for those activities, in order to be able to assess their
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cost-effectiveness more accurately.

62. Following further discussion on the subitem, the Meeting agreed to set up a contact group, comprising

representatives of Brazil, Canada, China, Cuba, Germany, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Japan, Nigeria, Poland,

Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States of America, Venezuela and Zimbabwe, as well as representatives of the

Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, the Secretariat of the Multilateral Fund and the Ozone Secretariat, and

chaired by the Co-Chairs of the plenary, which would consider the issues more closely and report back thereon to plenary.

C. Use of a fixed-currency-exchange-rate mechanism for contributions

to the Multilateral Fund

63. One representative, speaking on behalf of a regional economic integration organization, said that the studies by

the Treasurer showed somewhat contradictory results with regard to the proposed new system's impact on the balances of

the Fund. It could even be concluded that, from an operational perspective, the timely payment of contributions was a

more important factor than the exchange rate issue. Applying the fixed-exchange-rate mechanism would mean bringing

the practice of the Multilateral Fund closer to practices in other similar mechanisms. The purpose and objective was to

ease the contributor's administrative difficulties due to commitments in other than national currencies and thus promote the

timely payments of contributions and avoid an impact on the level of available resources of the Multilateral Fund. 

Together with the introduction of the new practice, systems should be applied to minimize the impact of currency

fluctuation. The most important of those concerned the selection criteria for the currencies that would be eligible for the

mechanism.

64. One representative considered that the application of the concept of a fixed-exchange-rate mechanism would, over

time, be revenue-neutral from the point of view of the Multilateral Fund. The ability to make payments in national

currencies would facilitate timely payments which, in time, should reduce the current problem of payments in arrears. The

proposal was not a new or innovative initiative, but rather a replication of the funding concept already adopted by GEF for

the reasons noted. He hoped that all delegations would see the utility of agreeing to the operationalization of a fixedcurrency-exchange-rate mechanism for contributions to the Multilateral Fund.

65. The Meeting agreed to set up an open-ended drafting group, under the chairmanship of Canada, to finalize a draft

decision on the issue.

VI. HIGH-LEVEL SEGMENT

A. Opening session

66. The high-level segment of the combined meeting was held on 2 and 3 December 1999, and was officially opened

at 10 a.m. on Thursday, 2 December 1999, by Mr. Jiang Zemin, President of the People's Republic of China, who extended

a warm welcome to all participants.

67. President Jiang Zemin pointed out that it was the responsibility of every Government to take up environmental

issues in order to safeguard the earth and, in that respect, the Government of China had always conceived environmental

protection as a basic State policy. It had undertaken effective measures to prevent and control pollution, while maintaining

ecological conservation. China was currently exploring a path of sustainable development that suited its special situation

and had adopted a responsible attitude towards global environmental protection. In that context, China had signed a

number of international environmental conventions and agreements, while cooperating extensively with various countries

on environmental issues.

68. He stressed the importance of concerted action in efforts to protect the earth, and encouraged developed countries

to recognize the historical impact of their development on the global environment and use their economic, scientific and

technical advantages to assist developing countries to tackle environmental problems. Developing countries on the other

hand, were called upon to strengthen their environmental actions. Stressing the importance of cooperation and mutual

understanding between countries, he said, in conclusion, that, as a developing country, China was willing to bear the

international responsibilities and obligations appropriate to its level of development on a fair, just and reasonable basis. In

the coming millennium, mankind faced many challenges and had to work hard to safeguard peace and prosperity in the
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future.

69. At the opening of the high-level segment, statements were also made by Mr. Shafqat Kakakhel, Deputy Executive

of UNEP, speaking on behalf of Mr. Klaus Töpfer, Executive Director of UNEP, and Mr. Vassily Tselikov, President of

the Fourth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention and the Tenth Meeting of the Parties to the

Montreal Protocol.

70. Mr. Kakakhel thanked President Jiang Zemin for attending the meeting which, he said, was an indication of the

great importance China attached to the protection of the ozone layer and of the environment in general. On behalf of

UNEP, he wished to thank China and, in particular, Mr. Xie Zhenhua, Minister of the State Environmental Protection

Administration for the excellent facilities and organization provided for the meeting. Beijing, he said, was a fitting venue

for the current pre-millennial meeting, as China, with its 1.2 billion people, had embarked on a colossal endeavour to

eradicate poverty and had achieved significant economic progress. He was proud that UNEP, with its modest resources,

had been able to catalyse the major successes activated by the ozone agreements. The achievements in the area of ozone

included the reduction of production and consumption of the ozone-depleting chemicals by 85 per cent over the previous

ten years; the provision by the Multilateral Fund of assistance to over 110 developing countries of approximately

$1 billion; and the recent commitments by Brazil, China, India and the Russian Federation to phase out their entire CFC

production capacity. The combined CFC production of those countries in 1997 amounted to 75 per cent of the global

production, and he was hopeful that the remaining 25 per cent would also be covered.

71. The Fund had established one of the best contribution collection rates in the United Nations system, and he hoped

that countries with arrears would pay before the beginning of the new millennium in order to maintain that record. He also

commended GEF on its contribution to protection of the ozone layer, in particular, by providing $130 million for ozone

phase-out projects in countries with economies in transition, including the Russian Federation. He noted that the

implementing agencies had also worked tirelessly to implement projects. Thanks to capacity-building projects and

awareness-raising measurers implemented by UNEP in developing countries and countries in transition, 151 countries had

reported data up to the end of 1997. He also commended the Implementation Committee and the assessment panels on

their excellent work and urged the industrialized countries, in particular, to continue to support their experts on those

Panels.

72. On a cautionary note, he pointed to the adverse impact of global warming on ozone depletion; the issue of HFCs

and PFCs used as substitutes for CFCs in some applications; and the transfer of methyl bromide technologies to countries

which had not committed themselves to controls on methyl bromide. Pointing out that non-ratification of the Copenhagen

Amendment and the Montreal Amendment would lend ambiguity to efforts to phase-out methyl bromide and HCFCs, he

urged all countries to ratify the Amendments promptly.

73. Mr. Tselikov reviewed significant environmental events of recent years and drew attention to important

conclusions of the fourth meeting of the Ozone Research Managers, in 1999, including problems it had identified relating

to monitoring observations in Siberia. He said that accurate and extensive ground-based measurements of total ozone must

continue to be available over the coming decades, in order to determine whether or not atmospheric ozone was responding

to the measures taken by the Montreal Protocol, and called for increased international support for that purpose. In

particular, he appealed to Parties to provide financial support for the WMO trust fund for the Global Ozone Observing

System.

74. Acknowledging the hard work of the assessment panels, he encouraged their collaboration with such bodies as

IPCC, SBSTA and ICAO. He also expressed appreciation to the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund and its

secretariat and subcommittees, the Implementation Committee and the implementing agencies. Finally, he thanked GEF

for its support to countries of Central and Eastern Europe and wished all participants a successful meeting.

B. Election of the Bureau

75. At the opening session of the high-level segment, in accordance with rule 21, paragraph 1, of the rules of

procedure, the following officers were elected, by acclamation, to the Bureau of the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties to the

Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:

President: Mr. Roberto Stadthagen Vogl, Nicaragua
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(Latin American and Caribbean group)

Vice-Presidents: Mr. Martin Joseph Kabore, Burkina Faso

(African group)

Mr. Wang Zhijia, China

(Asian and Pacific group)

Mr. Blaise Horisberger, Switzerland

(Western European and others group)

Rapporteur: Mr. Janusz Kozakiewicz, Poland

(Eastern European group)

C. Adoption of the agenda

76. At the opening session of the high-level segment, the Parties adopted the following agenda for the high-level

segment on the basis of the provisional agenda which had been circulated in document UNEP/OzL.Pro.11/1-

UNEP/OzL.Conv.5/1, and as orally amended in the meeting.

1. Opening of the high-level segment:

(a) Welcome by the representative of the Government of China;

(b) Statement by the Executive Director;

(c) Statement by the President of the Conference of the Parties to Vienna Convention at its fourth

meeting;

(d) Statement by the President of the Tenth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol.

2. Organizational matters:

(a) Election of officers of the fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna

Convention;

(b) Election of officers of the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol;

(c) Adoption of the agenda;

(d) Organization of work;

(e) Credentials of representatives.

3. Presentations by the Assessment Panels on the 1998 assessments.

4. Presentations by the representatives of United Nations agencies and the Global Environment Facility.

5. Presentation by the Chair of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation

of the Montreal Protocol.

6. Statements by heads of delegations.

7. Report of the Co-Chairs of the technical segment and consideration of the recommended decisions.

8. Beijing Declaration on Renewed Commitment to the Protection of the Ozone Layer.
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9. Date and venue of the Twelfth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol and sixth meeting of the

Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention.

10. Other matters.

11. Adoption of the report of the fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention

and the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol.

12. Closure of the meeting.

D. Credentials of representatives

77. Speaking on behalf of the Bureau, the Secretariat reported that the Bureau of the Fifth Conference of the Parties to

the Vienna Convention and the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol had approved the credentials of

the representatives of 94 Parties to the fifth Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention and the Eleventh Meeting

of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, out of 130 Parties represented at the Meeting. The Bureau had also approved

provisionally the representation of 35 Parties on the understanding that they would send the credentials to the Secretariat in

due course. Parties with no credentials had been requested to transmit those to the Secretariat as soon as possible.

E. Presentations by the Assessment Panels on the 1998 assessments

78. Mr. Piet Aucamp and Mr. G. Megie, Co-Chairs of the Scientific Assessment Panel, presented a summary of the

report Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998, which had been prepared by more than 250 scientists from over 30

countries. The report had been peer-reviewed by 125 scientists worldwide and had been further discussed by 75 scientists

at a panel review meeting held in June 1998. At that same meeting, an executive summary had been prepared and

adopted, together with an update of a set of frequently asked questions about the ozone layer. The Co-Chairs noted that the

report gave evidence of a decrease in concentrations of ozone-depleting substances in the lower atmosphere, confirming

that the Montreal Protocol was working.

79. They noted the Panel's evaluation that the ODP of methyl bromide was 0.4, rather than the previously adopted

0.6. They confirmed that the growing of the springtime Antarctic ozone hole continued unabated and that the late

winter-early spring ozone values in the Arctic were unusually low in six out of the last nine years. They also reported that

the rate of decrease of stratospheric ozone at middle latitudes had slowed, although the reasons for that were not yet clear. 

They concluded from that observation that the stratospheric ozone layer was currently in its most vulnerable state. The

Co-Chairs noted that the maximum ozone depletion was estimated to occur within the current decade or the next two

decades, but had yet to be identified. They emphasized the importance of the interlinkages between the issues of ozone

depletion and climate change and between the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols.

80. The Co-Chairs of the Scientific Assessment Panel also presented a summary of the Special Report on Aviation

and the Global Atmosphere, jointly prepared by the Scientific Assessment Panel under the Montreal Protocol, IPCC and

ICAO. They emphasized the interrelationships between the effects that aircraft have on both ozone depletion and climate

change, indicating the importance of combined reports for several different but related conventions. In conclusion, they

urgently invited Parties, and especially Article 5 countries, to supply the Panel with names of scientists who could take an

active part in the assessment process.

81. Ms. Suely Carvalho, Co-Chair of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, said that the Panel's

membership in 1999 comprised 23 members from 18 countries. Currently, 45 per cent were from Article 5 countries and

countries with economies in transition. In the Technical Options Committee, that figure was 35 per cent. If funds

permitted, the Panel aimed to further increase membership from such countries to 50 per cent and maintain geographic

balance. The Panel also planned to restructure in order to optimize work, reduce costs and obtain additional expertise in

areas where priority issues remained.

82. The technical progress reports showed that, in the solvent sector, alternatives were widely available and only

minor uses still depended on ozone-depleting substances. In the halon sector, critical fire protection remained dependent

on halon banking and available halon was adequate for all forseeable future essential uses. Alternatives were available for
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more than 95 per cent of the current tonnage of methyl bromide used, excluding quarantine and pre-shipment applications.

 In the refrigeration sector, small appliances were turning to hydrocarbon refrigerants with large differences globally. In

commercial refrigeration, an increasing number of applications were using ammonia and hydrocarbons on a global basis. 

In most countries, air conditioning would depend largely on HCFCs with increasing interest in the application of "natural

refrigerants". Hydrocarbons and HFCs would replace HCFCs currently used in insulation foam applications. The

transition from HCFCs was just gaining momentum in developing countries, especially with regard to air-conditioning. 

Other challenges identified by the Panel included: the difficulty of maintaining cost-effective investments, because a

plentiful supply of low-cost CFCs was available; the need to track life-cycle climate performance and availability of

alternatives to HCFCs; the need to transfer methyl bromide alternatives and to increase technical cooperation; and the need

for greater attention to the military phase-out of ozone-depleting substances in countries with economies in transition and

Article 5 countries.

83. Mr. J.C. Van der Leun, Co-Chair of the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, reported on the 1998

assessment and on an interim summary prepared by the Panel in September 1999. The 1998 assessment had a new section

on frequently asked questions, with easily comprehensible answers, as well as the traditional examinations of the increase

in ultraviolet radiation caused by ozone depletion and the consequences for organisms and the environment.

84. Highlighting some new findings with regard to changes in ultraviolet radiation, he reported on measurements in

New Zealand showed a continuing increase in ultraviolet radiation over the entire ten-year period of measurements. The

increase was clearly due to ozone depletion, as it concerned only ultraviolet-B and not ultraviolet-A. Ultraviolet radiation

was one of the causes of cataracts. Without the protection of the ozone layer, a steep increase would have developed. With

all the protective measures currently agreed upon, the excess would be markedly smaller, but still important. The

maximum of the excess would occur about the middle of the next century, at a time when the ozone layer was calculated to

be already recovering. In conclusion, he pointed out that the broader environmental effects of ozone depletion might be

even more important than the direct effects on human health. There was evidence that plants and insects also reacted to

changes in ultraviolet radiation levels. Ecosystems were very complex and predictions were as yet impossible to make, but

changes appeared likely and could have an effect on biological diversity.

F. Presentations by representatives of United Nations agencies

and the Global Environment Facility

85. The representative of UNDP reported that the Programme was currently assisting 66 countries, 55 under the

Multilateral Fund and 11 under GEF. To date, UNDP had total project approvals of $272 million which would eliminate

34,523 ODP tonnes. As of the end of December 1998, $120 million had been disbursed and 11,639 ODP tonnes

eliminated. UNDP had pioneered and received Executive Committee approval for several innovative approaches to

eliminate the consumption of ozone depleting substances in small and medium-sized enterprises. It also had 22 ongoing

institutional strengthening projects. At the same time, it was concerned that its programmes in low-volume-consuming

countries were declining. UNDP strongly supported sector approaches as the most cost-effective mechanism to cover the

rest of a complex sector once the largest enterprises had converted.

86. The representative of UNIDO reported that the Organization was assisting 59 developing countries in

implementing phase-out projects, institutional strengthening and training programmes and demonstration projects. Its

assistance was rendered through 327 phase-out projects in all sectors and some 350 non-investment activities, with an

approved volume of funding exceeding $200 million. Those activities corresponded to a phase-out of over 25,000 ODP

tonnes, of which 19,130 tonnes had already been eliminated. The main emphasis was on technical capacity-building of

awareness raising; training, testing, quality control and standardization and replacement or retrofitting of equipment. A

total of 23 demonstration projects were being implemented to demonstrate alternatives to methyl bromide in soil

fumigation and in the storage and treatment of commodities.

87. The representative of UNEP reported that, to date, the UNEP OzonAction programme had assisted 75 Article 5

countries and eight countries with economies in transition in their country programme and institutional strengthening

projects. Nearly all of those countries were low-volume-consuming countries. Moreover, UNEP activities in information

exchange, training and networking currently reached more than 100 small and large countries. UNEP had utilized

innovative approaches, including eight networks of more than 100 national ozone units; refrigerant management plans for

low-volume-consuming countries; assistance to non-Parties; policy monitoring networks, and South-South cooperation. 

With a small share (4 per cent) of the Multilateral Fund, UNEP had reached out to the largest number of countries in
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proposing plans for phase-out. Improvements in data reporting and favourable trends, with many of the

low-volume-consuming countries introducing the first control measures under the Montreal Protocol, were some of the

good results of UNEP activities. There was a need for new types of non-investment projects, such as assistance for

policy-setting and awareness among small and medium-sized enterprises and increasing awareness among farmers with

regard to alternatives to methyl bromide and skill-building to apply those alternatives.

88. The representative of GEF noted that, through its implementing agencies, GEF was contributing significantly to

the objectives of the Montreal Protocol. Projects financed by GEF were assisting the phase-out of ozone-depleting

substances in 14 countries with economies in transition, with total funding of $140 million. Total consumption of Annex

A and B substances in the countries receiving GEF support had dropped from about 190,000 tonnes in 1990 to less than

15,000 tonnes by 1997. Of the four original producers of ozone-depleting substances among the economies in transition,

only the Russian Federation currently had a production capacity and this would be closed by June 2000 by means of the

third tranche of financing, recently approved by GEF. Domestic commitment and an integrative approach were common

themes in the design features of GEF ozone activities.

89. The representative of the World Bank reported that, with the latest approvals by the Executive Committee, the

World Bank was currently funding more than 470 investment projects which, when fully implemented, would eliminate

more than 70,000 ODP tonnes in the consumption sector. Additionally, the three production sector projects so far

approved by the Executive Committee would phase out about 108,000 tonnes of ozone-depleting substances in the

production sector, not including the recent special initiative of the Russian Federation, donor countries and GEF, which

would phase out all production of CFCs in the Russian Federation by the middle of 2000. Total cumulative approvals for

the World Banks investment projects had reached $441 million and it was estimated that by the end of 1999 total

disbursements would reach about $237 million. To date, more than 62,700 ODP tonnes had been phased out through

projects implemented by the Bank projects, with a further 18,000 ODP tonnes scheduled to be phased out by the end of

1999. In addition, the World Bank had been working with countries to develop customized projects.

G. Presentation by the Chair of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund

for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol

90. Mr. Paul Horwitz (United States of America), Chair of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund,

introduced the report of the Committee (UNEP/OzL.Pro.11/7) and noted that its annex I contained a list of actions taken to

improve the financial mechanism for the implementation of the Montreal Protocol. He said that, in 1998, the Fund had

approved projects to eliminate some 44,000 tonnes of ozone-depleting substances. By the end of 1999, projects approved in

the year under review were expected to phase out a further 30,000 tonnes. Taken together, those amounts represented 65

per cent of all ozone depleting substances phased out since the inception of the Fund. During the reporting period, 606

projects and activities had been approved. Of those, 360 were investment projects, with a planned phase out of some

300,000 ODP tonnes. With respect to the implementation of decision VIII/4, the Executive Committee had succeeded in

committing 97 per cent of its available funding a figure that exceeded its previous achievements.

91. Methyl bromide projects were increasingly coming into view with 49 demonstration projects and investment

projects having been approved for 35 countries since the commencement of funding for such projects in 1997. Of those, six

demonstration projects were approved for five countries and five investment projects were approved for five countries in

the period under review. He drew particular attention to the project for phase out of all uses of methyl bromide in Jordan,

approved by the Executive Committee at its twenty-ninth meeting. The country's commitment to phase out methyl bromide

significantly faster than originally planned proved that such a phase-out was possible.

92. Concerning the production sector, he pointed to the agreement reached by the Executive Committee at its twentyseventh meeting, for the phased-out reduction and closure of the entire CFC production sector in China, which marked a

very important step forward. In addition, at its twenty-ninth meeting, the Committee had approved the consensus

agreement for the Indian production sector and decided to give high priority to its funding. Those two achievements were

very important for the issue of compliance with the Montreal Protocol.

93. In the course of the reporting period, a number of countries operating under Article 5, paragraph 1, had

demonstrated real commitment to achieving and even accelerating their phase-out of ozone-depleting substances. The

commitment of the countries operating under Article 2 was also amply demonstrated by the fact that the Multilateral Fund

had now disbursed over one billion United States dollars. Both sides needed to continue such a level of commitment if the
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goals of the Montreal Protocol were to be attained. He expressed his gratitude to the Fund Secretariat and the

implementing agencies for their excellent work.

H. Statements by heads of delegations

94. In the ensuing general debate, the Meeting heard statements from the representatives of 57 Parties to the Protocol

and 4 non-governmental organizations.

95. All representatives who took the floor expressed their appreciation to the Government and people of China for

their warm hospitality and for the excellent arrangements made for the meeting.

96. Many representatives expressed their appreciation of the work done by the assessment panels, the

Implementation Committee, the Executive Committee, the Secretariat of the Multilateral Fund, the implementing

agencies, GEF and the Ozone Secretariat.

97. Many representatives pointed to the Montreal Protocol as an outstanding model for successful international

cooperation and, in particular, cooperation between developing countries and developed countries, applauding its reliance

on the precautionary principle. Many representatives underscored the environmental importance of the Protocol, with

several expressing concern that the scientific assessment showed that the ozone hole was larger than ever, and that it would

recover only slowly, over the next 50 years. They warned that failure to comply with the stipulations of the Montreal

Protocol would jeopardize even that prospect for recovery.

98. Many representatives described the activities being undertaken in their countries to phase out the consumption of

substances controlled under the Montreal Protocol. Many representatives from Article 5 Parties highlighted their efforts to

meet the 1999 freeze and subsequent reductions in allowable production and consumption of CFCs. Some representatives

noted that such steps had been taken despite severe obstacles, heavy costs and economic or social difficulties in their

countries and they appealed for resources from the Multilateral Fund to help them maintain the momentum. Some called

for consideration of the ability of some Parties to meet stricter requirements, and the social or economic impact of those

requirements on those Parties. A number of representatives thanked donors for their support of their phase-out activities

through their contributions to the Multilateral Fund and the GEF as well as bilateral assistance. Many representatives

from non-Article 5 countries pledged that they would continue to make such contributions.

99. Many representatives stressed the crucial significance of the Multilateral Fund for phase-out in Article 5 Parties

and the importance attached to its adequate replenishment. Many called for increased support for the Multilateral Fund,

particularly in the light of the next stage of the phase-out, which was going to be critically important and very difficult for

Article 5 Parties. Many representatives expressed their support for the Multilateral Fund but urged the need for efficiency

and cost-effective use of the limited resources available to the Fund, which meant improving the reporting and

management processes. Many representatives expressed the opinion that advanced funding was a sound practice, with

some cautioning that it needed clear and transparent justification. Several representatives noted the importance of noninvestment activities to their phase-out programmes and called for adequate funding through UNEP, which implemented

such projects.

100. Many representatives stressed the need to start implementing the guidance given by the Tenth Meeting of the

Parties on concessional lending, as there was ample experience from other international instruments that such a

mechanism could be successful. Many others expressed their opposition to concessional lending, noting in particular that,

since the large companies had been converted to non-ozone depleting technologies, what remained were the small and

medium-sized enterprises, which would not be able to deal with receiving the funds as a loan.

101. Many representatives expressed their support for the adoption of the Beijing Declaration.

102. Many representatives commented on the proposals for amendments and adjustments, highlighting aspects of the

debate during the technical segment of the meeting (paragraphs 0-0 above).

103. Many representatives spoke of the relationship between climate change and the ozone layer, pointing out the

danger that cooling of the stratosphere could lead to a worsening of ozone depletion. Many noted that HCFCs and PFCs

were potent greenhouse gases, and it was paradoxical that one environmental convention should be recommending them
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while another was rejecting them. One representative proposed that any projects submitted to the Multilateral Fund should

be approved only if they also satisfied the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol. Another representative suggested that the

impact on soil and water should also be taken into account.

104. One representative pointed out that Article 5 countries were predominantly agrarian and would thus be hard hit

by an accelerated phase out of methyl bromide, unless they were provided with adequate substitutes and technology

transfer on a fair and equitable basis.

105. Some representatives noted the importance of the planned phase-out of production of CFCs in the remainding

major producing countries, China and India. Several expressed the view that the non-Article 5 countries should recognize

that they were primarily responsible for the damage to the ozone layer. Some representatives considered that proposals to

introduce new controls on HCFCs were inappropriate for Article 5 countries at the current time. Several representatives

highlighted the importance of improving technology transfer. Some emphasized the need to insure continued access to

inexpansive and effective MDIs.

106. Several representatives pointed out that, despite the undoubted successes so far, much work still remained to be

done, including, inter alia, improving efforts to stop illegal trade in ozone-depleting substances; meeting the freeze in

2003; phasing-out HCFCs and halons; limiting unecessary uses of methyl bromide; eliminating the surplus of CFCs and

other ozone-depleting substances on the world market; resolving the issue of ozone-depleting substances used as process

agents; and resolving the problem of jobs lost through the conversions and changes implemented.

107. One representative said that low-volume consuming small island States were often overlooked, as compared with

other Article 5 countries with very high consumption. He considered that the small island developing States should be

represented as a group in all the working committees under the Montreal Protocol.

I. Report of the Co-Chairs of the technical segment and of the subsidiary

bodies and consideration of the recommended decisions

108. The high-level segment heard a report from the Co-Chairs of the technical segment, presented by Mr. Jukka

Uosukainen (Finland), speaking on behalf of the other Co-Chair, Mr. Ibrahim Abdel-Gelil (Egypt). He outlined the main

issues covered in the deliberations of the technical segment and referred to the draft decisions negotiated by the technical

segment.

VII. DATE AND VENUE OF THE TWELFTH MEETING OF THE PARTIES TO

THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL AND THE SIXTH MEETING OF THE

CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES TO THE VIENNA CONVENTION

109. Under the item, the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol accepted with appreciation an offer

by the Government of Burkina Faso to host the Twelfth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol at Ougadougou, in

2000. The Secretariat said it would negotiate the details with Burkina Faso and that the exact dates would be decided

upon in due course.

110. It was decided that the sixth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention would be held

jointly with the fourteenth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, with the date and place to be determined at a

future time.

VIII. ADOPTION OF DECISIONS

111. The Meeting of the Parties adopted a number of decisions, on the basis of the draft decisions contained in

document UNEP/Ozl.Pro.11/8 and on the basis of proposals submitted during the current meeting. The text of the

decisions, as adopted by consensus, is contained in the following paragraph.

A. Decisions
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112. The Eleventh Meeting of the Parties decides:

Decision XI/1. Beijing Declaration on Renewed Commitment to the Protection of the Ozone Layer

To adopt the Beijing Declaration on Renewed Commitment to the Protection of the Ozone Layer, as contained in

annex I to the report of the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties;

Decision XI/2. Further adjustments with regard to Annex A substances

To adopt, in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 9 of Article 2 of the Montreal Protocol and on

the basis of the assessments made pursuant to Article 6 of the Protocol, the adjustments regarding the controlled

substances in Annex A to the Protocol, as set out in annex II to the report of the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties;

Decision XI/3. Further adjustments with regard to Annex B substances

To adopt, in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 9 of Article 2 of the Montreal Protocol and on

the basis of the assessments made pursuant to Article 6 of the Protocol, the adjustments regarding the controlled

substances in Annex B to the Protocol, as set out in annex III to the report of the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties;

Decision XI/4. Further adjustments with regard to Annex E substance

To adopt, in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 9 of Article 2 of the Montreal Protocol and on

the basis of the assessments made pursuant to Article 6 of the Protocol, the adjustments regarding the controlled

substance in Annex E to the Protocol, as set out in annex IV to the report of the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties;

Decision XI/5. Further Amendment of the Montreal Protocol

To adopt, in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 4 of Article 9 of the Vienna Convention for

the Protection of the Ozone Layer, the Amendment to the Montreal Protocol as set out in annex V to the report of

the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties;

Decision XI/6. Fixed-exchange-rate mechanism for the

replenishment of the Multilateral Fund

Having considered the analysis of the impact on the Multilateral Fund of implementing a fixed exchange-rate

mechanism,

Having also considered the recommendations of its technical segment,

1. To urge Parties to pay their contributions to the Multilateral Fund promptly and in full;

2. That the purpose and objective of introducing the new mechanism is to ease some of the contributing Parties'

administrative difficulties due to commitments in other than their national currencies, to promote the timely

payment of contributions, and to ensure that there is no adverse impact on the level of available resources of the

Multilateral Fund;

3. To direct the Treasurer to proceed with the implementation of the fixed exchange-rate mechanism on a trial basis

for the replenishment (2000-2002), so that payments by contributing Parties to the Fund for the triennium

commencing in 2000, can be made in accordance with this mechanism;

4. That only Parties with inflation rate fluctuations of less than 10 per cent, as per the published figures of the
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International Monetary Fund, for the preceding triennium will be eligible to utilize the mechanism;

5. That Parties choosing to pay in national currencies will calculate their contributions based on an average United

Nations exchange rate for the six months preceding the replenishment period. Parties not choosing to pay in

national currencies may continue to pay in United States dollars;

6. That the Meeting of the Parties should review the implementation of the mechanism at the end of 2001 for

consideration at the technical segment of the Meeting of the Parties to determine the impact of the mechanism on

the operations of the Multilateral Fund and its impact on the funding of the phase-out of ozone-depleting

substances in Article 5 countries during this triennium so that the ozone-depleting substances phase-out process

is not adversely affected;

7. That, in order to ensure the efficient and effective operation of the Multilateral Fund, Parties should strive to pay

their contributions as early in the calendar year as possible and no later than 1 June of each year. Parties unable

to make their contributions by 1 June should notify the Treasurer as to when during the calendar or fiscal year

their payment will be made, but contributing Parties should strive to pay their contributions no later than 1

November of that year;

Decision XI/7. Replenishment of the Multilateral Fund for the period 2000-2002

1. To adopt a budget for 2000-2002 of 475,700,000 United States dollars on the understanding that 35,700,000

United States dollars of that sum will be provided by funds not allocated during 1997-1999. The Parties noted

that outstanding contributions from some Parties with economies in transition in the period 1997-1999 stood at

34,703,856 United States dollars;

2. To adopt the scale of contributions for the Multilateral Fund based on a replenishment of 440,000,000 United

States dollars, of 146,666,666 United States dollars for 2000, 146,666,666 United States dollars for 2001, and

146,666,666 United States dollars for 2002, as it appears in annex VI to the report of the Eleventh Meeting of the

Parties;

3. That the Executive Committee should take action to ensure as far as possible that the whole of the budget for

2000-2002 is committed by the end of 2002, and that Parties not operating under Article 5 should make timely

payments in accordance with paragraph 7 of decision XI/6;

Decision XI/8. Membership of the Implementation Committee

1. To note with appreciation the work done by the Implementation Committee for 1999;

2. To confirm the positions of Mali, Poland, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom for one further year and to select

Argentina, Bangladesh, Czech Republic, Ecuador, Egypt and United States of America as members of the

Committee for a two-year period;

Decision XI/9. Membership of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund

1. To note with appreciation the work done by the Executive Committee, with the assistance of the Fund Secretariat,

in the year 1999;

2. To endorse the selection of Australia, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Slovakia, Sweden and United States of

America as members of the Executive Committee representing Parties not operating under paragraph 1 of Article

5 of the Protocol, and the selection of Bahamas, Brazil, China, Dominican Republic, India, Tunisia and Uganda

as members representing Parties operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5, for one year effective from 1 January

2000;
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3. To note the selection of India to act as Chair of the Executive Committee for one year effective from 1 January

2000;

Decision XI/10. Co-Chairs of the Open-ended Working Group of the Parties

to the Montreal Protocol

To endorse the selection of Mr. John Ashe (Antigua and Barbuda) and Mr. Milton Catelin (Australia) as CoChairs of the Open-ended Working Group of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol for 2000;

Decision XI/11. Ratification of the Vienna Convention, the Montreal Protocol,

and the London, Copenhagen and Montreal Amendments

1. To note with satisfaction the large number of countries that have ratified the Vienna Convention for the Protection

of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer;

2. To note that 136 Parties have ratified the London Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, while only 101 Parties

have ratified the Copenhagen Amendment to the Montreal Protocol and only 29 Parties have ratified the Montreal

Amendment to the Montreal Protocol as of 15 November 1999;

3. To urge all States that have not yet done so to ratify, approve or accede to the Vienna Convention and the

Montreal Protocol and its Amendments, taking into account that universal participation is necessary to ensure the

protection of the ozone layer;

Decision XI/12. Definition of pre-shipment applications of methyl bromide

That pre-shipment applications are those non-quarantine applications applied within 21 days prior to export to

meet the official requirements of the importing country or existing official requirements of the exporting country.

Official requirements are those which are performed by, or authorized by, a national plant, animal,

environmental, health or stored product authority;

Decision XI/13. Quarantine and pre-shipment

1. To note that, while the reliability of the survey data was noted by the Technology and Economic Assessment

Panel to be insufficient to draw firm conclusions, the Panel's April 1999 report estimates that over 22 per cent of

the methyl bromide use is excluded from control under the quarantine and pre-shipment exemption, and that this

use is increasing in some countries;

2. To note that the Science Assessment Panel revised the ODP of methyl bromide to 0.4 in its 1998 report;

3. To note that, under an amendment adopted by the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties, each Party shall provide the

Secretariat with statistical data on the annual amount of the controlled substance listed in Annex E used for

quarantine and pre-shipment applications.

4. To request that the 2003 report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel:

(a) Evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of alternative treatments and procedures that can replace

methyl bromide for quarantine and pre-shipment;

(b) Estimate the volume of methyl bromide that would be replaced by the implementation of technically and

economically feasible alternatives for quarantine and pre-shipment, reported by commodity and/or
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application;

5. To request the Parties to review their national plant, animal, environmental, health and stored product regulations

with a view to removing the requirement for the use of methyl bromide for quarantine and pre-shipment where

technically and economically feasible alternatives exist;

6. To urge the Parties to implement procedures (using a form shown in the Panel's April 1999 report, if necessary)

to monitor the uses of methyl bromide by commodity and quantity for quarantine and pre-shipment uses in order:

(a) To target the efficient use of resources for undertaking research to develop and implement technically

and economically feasible alternatives;

(b) To encourage early identification of technically and economically feasible alternatives to methyl

bromide for quarantine and pre-shipment where such alternatives exist;

7. To encourage the use of methyl bromide recovery and recycling technology (where technically and economically

feasible) to reduce emissions of methyl bromide, until alternatives to methyl bromide for quarantine and preshipment uses are available;

Decision XI/14. Essential-use nominations for non-Article 5 Parties

for controlled substances for 2000 and 2001

1. To note with appreciation the excellent work done by the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel and its Technical

Options Committees;

2. That the levels of production and consumption necessary to satisfy essential uses of CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113

and CFC-114 for metered-dose inhalers for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, CFC-113 for

torpedo maintenance, and halon 2402 for fire protection are authorized as specified in annex VII to the report of

the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties, subject to the conditions established by the Meeting of the Parties in

paragraph 2 of its decision VII/28;

3. That the quantities approved in paragraph 2 above and all future approvals are for total CFC volumes with

flexibility between CFCs within each group;

Decision XI/15. Global exemption for laboratory and analytical uses

To eliminate the following uses from the global exemption for laboratory and analytical uses for controlled

substances, approved in decision X/19, from the year 2002:

(a) Testing of oil, grease and total petroleum hydrocarbons in water;

(b) Testing of tar in road-paving materials; and

(c) Forensic finger-printing;

Decision XI/16. CFC management strategies in non-Article 5 Parties

1. To recall that decision IV/24 urges all Parties to take all practicable measures to prevent releases of controlled

substances into the atmosphere;

2. To recall also that decision IX/23 requests non-Article 5 Parties to consider banning the placing on the market

and sale of virgin CFCs, except to meet the basic domestic needs of Article 5 Parties and other exempted uses;
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3. To note that other strategies, besides those considered in decision IX/23, could help to reduce emissions of CFCs

from existing equipment;

4. To note that, in the case of halons, decision X/7 requests Parties to develop strategies for the management of

halons, including emissions reductions and ultimate elimination of their use;

5. To request that each non-Article 5 Party develops and submits to the Ozone Secretariat, by July 2001, a strategy

for the management of CFCs, including options for recovery, recycling, disposal and eventual elimination of their

use. In preparing such a strategy, taking into account technological and economic feasibility, Parties should

consider the following options:

(a) Recovering, and eliminating where appropriate, CFCs from existing or out-of-service products and

equipment;

(b) Setting target dates for bans on the refilling and/or the use of refrigeration and air-conditioning

equipment functioning on CFCs;

(c) Ensuring that appropriate measures are taken for the environmentally safe and effective storage,

management and final disposition of recovered CFCs;

(d) Encouraging the use of CFC substitutes and replacements acceptable from the standpoint of

environment and health, taking into account their impact on the ozone layer, and any other

environmental issues;

Decision XI/17. Terms of reference for Assessment Panels

1. To note with appreciation the excellent and highly useful work done by the Scientific, Environmental Effects, and

Technology and Economic Assessment Panels and their colleagues worldwide in preparing their reports of 1998

including the Synthesis Report of 1999 and its decadal perspective of the information provided by the Panels over

the period 1989-1999;

2. To note also with appreciation, and encourage as appropriate, the ongoing fruitful collaboration of the Panels

with the Subsidiary Body on Science and Technology under the United Nations Framework Convention on

Climate Change, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and the International Civil Aviation

Organization;

3. To request the three Assessment Panels to update their 1998 reports in 2002 and submit them to the Secretariat

by 1 January 2003 for consideration by the Open-ended Working Group and by the Fifteenth Meeting of the

Parties to the Montreal Protocol in 2003;

4. To request the Assessment Panels to keep the Parties to the Montreal Protocol informed of any important new

developments on a year-to-year basis;

5. To request the Scientific Assessment Panel to include the following in the 2002 scientific assessment:

(a) An evaluation of the observed trends in controlled substances and their consistency with reported

production of ODS;

(b) A quantification of the ozone-depleting impacts of new (e.g., short-lived) halogen-containing

substances;

(c) A characterization of methyl bromide sources and sinks and the likely quantitative implications of the

results for the ozone layer;
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(d) A characterization of the known interrelations between ozone depletion and climate change including

feedbacks between the two;

(e) A description and interpretation of the observed changes in global and polar ozone and in ultraviolet

radiation, as well as set future projections and scenarios for these variables, taking into account also the

expected impacts of climate change;

6. To request the Environmental Effects Panel to continue the identification of the impacts of ozone depletion noting

its association with aspects of climate change, including:

(a) An evaluation of how the combined influence of ultraviolet radiation changes due to ozone depletion

and climate change factors can impact on the biosphere and on human health;

(b) A characterization of those impacts caused by ultraviolet radiation changes that may have effects on

climate;

Decision XI/18. Special Report on Aviation and the Global Atmosphere

1. To note with appreciation the work done by the Scientific Assessment Panel and the Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change in preparing the Special Report on Aviation and the Global Atmosphere;

2. To express its appreciation to the Scientific Assessment Panel for its collaboration with the Intergovernmental

Panel on Climate Change in preparing the above-mentioned report;

3. To note with appreciation the message of the President of the Council of the International Civil Aviation

Organization on the willingness of ICAO to continue the process of working together on the issues with the

Montreal Protocol;

4. To recommend that the Scientific Assessment Panel should continue its collaboration with the Intergovernmental

Panel on Climate Change and keep the Parties to the Montreal Protocol informed on the potential impacts of the

aircraft emissions on stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change;

Decision XI/19. Assessment of new substances

1. To recall that decision X/8 requested Parties that, should new substances be developed and marketed which,

following application of decision IX/24, are agreed by the Parties to pose a significant threat to the ozone layer,

appropriate steps are taken under the Montreal Protocol to ensure their control and phase-out;

2. To note that many new chemicals are brought into the market by the chemical industry so that criteria for

assessing the potential ODP of these chemicals will be useful;

3. To request the Scientific Assessment Panel and the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel:

(a) To develop criteria to assess the potential ODP of new chemicals;

(b) To develop a guidance paper on mechanisms to facilitate public-private sector cooperation in the

evaluation of the potential ODP of new chemicals in a manner that satisfies the criteria to be set by the

Panels;

4. To request the Panels to report back to the Thirteenth Meeting of the Parties;
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Decision XI/20. Procedure for new substances

Recalling decisions IX/24 and X/9 on control of new ozone-depleting substances,

Noting that the issue was discussed at the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties,

To continue to give full consideration to ways to expedite the procedure for adding new substances and their

associated control measures to the Protocol and for removing them therefrom;

Decision XI/21. Financial matters: financial report and budgets

1. To note with appreciation the exemplary financial management by the Secretariat over many years;

2. To take note of the financial report on the Trust Fund for the Montreal Protocol for 1998, as contained in

document UNEP/OzL.Pro.11/4;

3. To approve the budget of 3,679,679 United States dollars for 2000, and the proposed budget of 3,679,679 United

States dollars for 2001, as set out in annex VIII to the report of the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties;

4. To urge all Parties to pay their outstanding contributions promptly and also to pay their future contributions

promptly and in full, in accordance with the formula for contributions by Parties, as set out in annex IV to the

report of the Tenth Meeting of the Parties (UNEP/OzL.Pro.10/9), for the year 2000, and for the year 2001 as set

out in annex IX to the report of the Eleventh Meeting;

5. To draw down an amount of 675,000 United States dollars from the unspent balance for the purpose of reducing

it, thereby ensuring that the contributions to be paid by the Parties amount to 3,004,679 United States dollars for

2001;

6. To request the Executive Secretary, when making budget proposals for 2002, 2003 and 2004, to draw down the

amount specified in paragraph 5 above from the unspent balances for those years;

7. To encourage Parties not operating under Article 5 to continue offering financial assistance to their members in

the three Assessment Panels and their subsidiary bodies for their continued participation in the assessment

activities under the Protocol;

8. To review the status of reserves at the Meeting of the Parties in the year 2003;

Decision XI/22. Global Environment Facility

To note with appreciation the continued assistance given by the Council of the Global Environment Facility to the

countries with economies in transition;

Decision XI/23. Data reporting

1. To note the improvement in the timely submission of data in accordance with Article 7 of the Protocol;

2. To note that Parties are to submit data by 30 September of the following year in accordance with their obligations

under Article 7;

3. To urge all Parties to introduce licensing systems in accordance with the provisions of decision IX/8 and

Article 4B of the Protocol to facilitate accuracy in data submission under Article 7;
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4. To note that data collection on ozone-depleting substances sectors is important in assisting a Party to meet its

obligations under the Protocol and that the Parties might wish to consider the burden of collecting sector data and

other data required in the context of the Montreal Protocol at a future meeting;

5. To note that, because of the significant improvement in the timely submission of data, the Implementation

Committee had been able in 1999 to review the control status of Parties for the previous year, 1998. In earlier

years, the Implementation Committee had reviewed only the control status for two years prior. Accordingly,

decide to request that the Implementation Committee begin a full review of data for the year immediately prior to

the Meeting of the Parties beginning in 2000;

6. To note that many Parties with economies in transition have established a phase-out plan with specific interim

benchmarks in cooperation with the Global Environment Facility;

7. To urge those Parties with economies in transition mentioned in paragraph 6 above to submit to the Secretariat

the phase-out plans with specific interim benchmarks developed with the Global Environment Facility in

accordance with requests made at the Tenth Meeting of the Parties;

Decision XI/24. Compliance with the Montreal Protocol by Bulgaria

1. To note that Bulgaria acceded to the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol on 20 November 1990 and

acceded to the London and Copenhagen Amendments on 28 April 1999. The country is classified as a nonArticle 5 Party under the Protocol and, for 1997, reported positive consumption of 1.6 ODP tonnes of Annex A

Group II substances, none of which was for essential uses exempted by the Parties. As a consequence, in 1997

Bulgaria was in non-compliance with its control obligations under Articles 2A through 2E of the Montreal

Protocol;

2. To note with appreciation the work done by Bulgaria in cooperation with the Global Environment Facility to

develop a country programme and establish a phase-out plan that brought Bulgaria into compliance with the

Montreal Protocol by 1 January 1998;

3. To monitor closely the progress of Bulgaria with regard to the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances,

particularly towards meeting the specific commitments noted above and in this regard, to request that Bulgaria

submit a complete copy of its country programme when approved, including the specific benchmarks, to the

Implementation Committee, through the Ozone Secretariat, for its consideration at its next meeting. To the

degree that Bulgaria is working towards and meeting the specific time-based commitments noted above and

continues to report data annually demonstrating a decrease in imports and consumption, Bulgaria should continue

to be treated in the same manner as a Party in good standing. In this regard, Bulgaria should continue to receive

international assistance to enable it to meet these commitments in accordance with item A of the indicative list of

measures that might be taken by a Meeting of the Parties in respect of non-compliance. Through this decision,

however, the Parties caution Bulgaria, in accordance with item B of the indicative list of measures, that in the

event that the country fails to meet the commitments noted above in the times specified, the Parties shall consider

measures, consistent with item C of the indicative list of measures. These measures could include the possibility

of actions that may be available under Article 4, designed to ensure that the supply of CFCs and halons that is the

subject of non-compliance is ceased and that exporting Parties are not contributing to a continuing situation of

non-compliance;

Decision XI/25. Compliance with the Montreal Protocol by Turkmenistan

1. To note that Turkmenistan acceded to the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol on 18 November 1993

and acceded to the London Amendment on 15 March 1994. The country is classified as a non-Article 5 Party

under the Protocol and, for 1996, reported positive consumption of 29.6 ODP tonnes of Annex A and B

substances, none of which was for essential uses exempted by the Parties. As a consequence, in 1996

Turkmenistan was in non-compliance with its control obligations under Articles 2A through 2E of the Montreal
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Protocol;

2. To note with appreciation the work done by Turkmenistan in cooperation with the Global Environment Facility to

develop a country programme and establish a phase-out plan to bring Turkmenistan into compliance with the

Montreal Protocol in 2003;

3. To note that Turkmenistan, in cooperation with the Global Environment Facility, had delineated the following

draft benchmarks that could serve to measure progress in the phase-out process until 2003:

(a) 1999: Import of CFCs should not exceed 22 ODP tonnes;

(b) 1 January 2000: Import/export licensing system in place; bans on import of equipment using and

containing ODS; import quota for CFCs in 2000 not exceeding 15 ODP tonnes (roughly 50 per cent

compared to 1996)

(c) 1 January 2000: Ban on the import of all Annex A and B substances except CFCs listed in Annex A

(1);

(d) 1 January 2000: Import quota for CFCs in 2001 not exceeding 10 ODP tonnes (-66 per cent compared

to 1996); effective system for monitoring and controlling ODS trade in place and working;

(e) 1 July 2001: recovery and recycling and training projects completed;

(f) 1 January 2002: Import quota for CFCs in 2002 not to exceed 6 ODP tonnes (-80 per cent compared to

1996);

(g) 1 January 2003: Total prohibition of imports of Annex A and B substances/zero quota; completion of

Global Environment Facility project.

4. To monitor closely the progress of Turkmenistan with regard to the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances,

particularly towards meeting the specific commitments noted above and, in this regard, to request that

Turkmenistan submit a complete copy of its country programme when approved, including the specific

benchmarks, to the Implementation Committee, through the Ozone Secretariat, for its consideration at its next

meeting. To the degree that Turkmenistan is working towards and meeting the specific time-based commitments

noted above and continues to report data annually demonstrating a decrease in imports and consumption,

Turkmenistan should continue to be treated in the same manner as a Party in good standing. In this regard,

Turkmenistan should continue to receive international assistance to enable it to meet these commitments in

accordance with item A of the indicative list of measures that might be taken by a Meeting of the Parties in

respect of non-compliance. Through this decision, however, the Parties caution Turkmenistan, in accordance

with item B of the indicative list of measures, that in the event that the country fails to meet the commitments

noted above in the times specified, the Parties shall consider measures, consistent with item C of the indicative

list of measures. These measures could include the possibility of actions that may be available under Article 4,

designed to ensure that the supply of CFCs and halons that is the subject of non-compliance is ceased and that

exporting Parties are not contributing to a continuing situation of non-compliance;

Decision XI/26. Recommendations and clarifications of the World Customs Organization

concerning customs codes for ozone-depleting substances and

products containing ozone-depleting substances

Recalling decisions IX/22 and X/18 of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol dealing with customs codes for ozonedepleting substances and products containing ozone-depleting substances,

Noting that the issue of customs codes is of great importance for the prevention of the illegal traffic of ozone-
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depleting substances and for the purpose of data reporting in accordance with Article 7 of the Montreal Protocol,

1. To note, with appreciation, the actions undertaken so far by the World Customs Organization on the further

extension of the Harmonized System customs nomenclature of ozone-depleting substances and products

containing ozone-depleting substances;

2. To note the summary of the draft recommendation of the World Customs Organization concerning the insertion in

national statistical nomenclatures of Harmonized System subheadings for ozone-depleting substances and

products containing ozone-depleting substances and the clarification of the classification under the Harmonized

System Convention of methyl bromide containing small amounts of chloropicrin provided in annex II to the

report of the nineteenth meeting of the Open-ended Working Group (UNEP/OzL.Pro/WG.1/19/7);

3. To note that the group of experts convened in accordance with decision X/18 will conduct further work on

recommendations relating to the Harmonized System codes for mixtures and products containing ozone-depleting

substances in collaboration with the World Customs Organization;

Decision XI/27. Refrigerant management plans

To request the Multilateral Fund Executive Committee to finalize the formulation of guidelines for refrigerant

management plans for high volume ozone-depleting-substance-consuming countries as soon as possible and

subsequently approve funding in accordance with the guidelines for such projects in the pipeline;

Decision XI/28. Supply of HCFCs to Parties operating under paragraph 1

Article 5 of the Protocol

To request the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel to study and report by 30 April 2003 at the latest on

the problems and options of Article 5 Parties in obtaining HCFCs in the light of the freeze on the production of

HCFCs in non-Article 5 Parties in the year 2004. This report should analyse whether HCFCs are available to

Article 5 Parties in sufficient quantity and quality and at affordable prices, taking into account the 15 per cent

allowance to meet the basic domestic needs of the Article 5 Parties and the surplus quantities available from the

consumption limit allowed to the non-Article 5 Parties. The Parties, at their Fifteenth Meeting in the year 2003,

shall consider this report for the purpose of addressing problems, if any, brought out by the report of the

Technology and Economic Assessment Panel;

Decision XI/29. Twelfth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol

To convene the Twelfth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol in Burkina Faso, in October 2000.

B. Comments made at the time of adoption of the decisions

113. The Chair of the Legal Drafting Group reported that the amendment decision made necessary provision for the

application of production controls on HCFCs to the Parties operating under

Article 5. In paragraph L, the Amendment specified a baseline and established that there would be a freeze from 2016 but,

on the advice of the Legal Drafting Group, that paragraph did not provide

15 per cent allowance on HCFC production to satisfy the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under Article 5

since the provision to this effect in paragraph C of the decision would automatically apply to the Parties operating under

Article 5 from 2016 onwards. This situation would be clearly reflected in the summary of control measures in Section U

1.3 of the Handbook.
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114. With regard to decision XI/8, on membership of the Implementation Committee, the Meeting of the Parties was

informed that Ecuador, which had replaced Antigua and Barbuda in the implementation Committee, would serve for a

two-year period, starting in 2000. In 2000, Ecuador would serve for one year instead of Antigua and Barbuda and would

be confirmed for its second year for 2001 at the Meeting of the Parties in 2000.

IX. OTHER MATTERS

A. Tribute to the late Ambassador Winfried Lang

115. At the opening session of the high-level segment, the Meeting observed a minute of silence in tribute to

Ambassador Winfried Lang of Austria, who had played a pivotal role in the development, negotiation and adoption of the

Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol. Ambassador Lang had passed away in 1999.

B. Tribute to the Executive Secretary of the Ozone Secretariat

116. At the final session of the technical segment, on Wednesday, 1 December 1999, the Deputy Executive Director of

UNEP, Mr. Shafqat Kakakhel, paid tribute to the Executive Secretary of the Ozone Secretariat, Mr. K. Madhava Sarma,

who was attending his last meeting of the Parties in that capacity, for his outstanding contribution to the work of the

Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol. In the nine years during which Mr. Sarma had served at the head of the

Ozone Secretariat, he had displayed total dedication and commitment with a sound knowledge of issues relating to the

protection of the ozone layer. Armed with a good sense of humour and a deep devotion to his work, he had helped turn the

Montreal Protocol into a model for other conventions to emulate. Mr. Kakakhel then wished Mr. Sarma success in his

future endeavours, pointing out that the ozone community would in future want to draw from the enormous reservoir of

knowledge he had acquired over the years.

117. The Co-Chairs of the Meeting, representatives of regional groups and the representative of the host Government

also paid tribute and expressed their appreciation to Mr. Sarma for his continuous support to the Parties, highlighting the

gracious and dignified style with which he had served the Secretariat.

C. Expression of appreciation to the Government of China

118. The Meeting expressed its appreciation to the Government and people of China for the excellent arrangements

made for the organization of the Meeting and the warm hospitality shown to the participants.

D. Observations by delegations

1. Scientific Assessment Panel

119. One representative urged the Scientific Assessment Panel to follow a transparent process and allow adequate

time for scientists to review the texts of its assessment.

2. International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer

120. The representative of Argentina announced that his country had celebrated the International Day for the

Preservation of the Ozone Layer in 1999, in Ushuaia, the southernmost city in the world, which had the highest level of

ozone depletion. In that context, and since the closest city to the Arctic was located in Finland, he invited Finland to work

with Argentina and UNEP on a joint programme for celebrating that major day the following year.

121. The representative of Finland welcomed the initiative by Argentina, concurring that the southern parts of South

America and the northern parts of Europe were the areas experiencing the greatest relative intensification of solar

ultraviolet radiation in the world as a result of ozone depletion.

X. ADOPTION OF THE REPORT
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122. The present report was adopted on the basis of the draft submitted to the Meeting.

XI. CLOSURE OF THE MEETING

123. Following the customary exchange of courtesies, the President declared the combined fifth meeting of the

Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Eleventh Meeting of the

Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, closed at 10 p.m. on Friday, 3 December

1999.
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Annex I

BEIJING DECLARATION ON RENEWED COMMITMENT TO THE PROTECTION

OF THE OZONE LAYER

We, the Ministers of the Environment and heads of delegations of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the

Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer,

Having participated, at the invitation of the Government of the People's Republic of China, in the fifth meeting of

the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Eleventh Meeting of

the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, from 29 November to 3 December 1999,

in Beijing, China,

Having held in-depth discussions on important issues relating to the protection of the ozone layer and the

implementation of the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol,

Recalling the achievements made to date in this field, while earnestly seeking to address the challenges that we

will face in the future,

Reaffirming, at the threshold of a new millennium, our commitment to the protection of the ozone layer through a

serious implementation of the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol in order to achieve the phase-out of ozonedepleting substances to protect the environmental security of present and future generations,

Declare:

1. That we are pleased to note that major progress has been achieved in the implementation of the

Montreal Protocol in the past decade since the Helsinki Declaration was adopted, as testified by the fact that the Parties not

operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5 have largely ceased the production and consumption of CFCs from

1 January 1996, while the Parties operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5 have committed themselves to freezing their

production and consumption of CFCs at the average level of the period 1995-1997, from 1 July 1999;

2. That we are further pleased to note that the reduction and phase-out of other ozone-depleting substances

are also proceeding in line with or in some cases faster than the control measures we have agreed upon in the past

Meetings of the Parties and welcome the further progress agreed upon at this Meeting of the Parties;

3. That we take this opportunity to express our sincere appreciation for the efforts made towards this

progress by Governments, international organizations, industry, experts and other relevant groups;

4. That we are fully aware, however, that we cannot afford to rest on our laurels, since scientists have

informed us that the ozone hole has reached record proportions and that ozone layer recovery is a long way from being

achieved;

5. That we are keenly aware that the Parties will face new challenges, as we have now entered a new

period of substantive reduction of ozone-depleting substances from 1 July 1999 and, therefore, must ensure the

continuation and development of our significant financial and technical cooperation under paragraph 1 of Article 10 of the

Montreal Protocol, to enable all countries to take full advantage of benefits offered by the latest technological advances,

including the continuation of initiatives to ensure funding for the low-volume-consuming countries;

6. That we therefore appeal to all of the Parties to demonstrate a stronger political will and take more

effective action to fulfil their obligations under the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol, and to urge all States

that have not yet done so to ratify, approve or accede to the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol and its

Amendments;
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7. That we also appeal to the relevant Parties to take all appropriate measures to address illegal trade in

ozone-depleting substances and to safeguard the achievements attained to date;

8. That we call upon the Parties not operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5 to continue to maintain

adequate funding and to promote the expeditious transfer of environmentally sound technologies, under the Montreal

Protocol, to the Parties operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5, to help them fulfil their obligations; and also call upon

Parties operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5 to take all appropriate measures necessary to secure the efficient use of the

resources provided by Parties not operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5;

9. That we further appeal to the international community to demonstrate more concern for the issues of

ozone layer protection and for the protection of the global atmosphere in general, taking into account the need to promote

social and economic development in all countries.
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Annex II

ADJUSTMENTS TO THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT

DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER

Adjustments relating to controlled substances in Annex A

A. Article 2A: CFCs

1. The third sentence of paragraph 4 of Article 2A of the Protocol shall be replaced by the following

sentence:

However, in order to satisfy the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under paragraph 1 of

Article 5, its calculated level of production may exceed that limit by a quantity equal to the annual

average of its production of the controlled substances in Group I of Annex A for basic domestic

needs for the period 1995 to 1997 inclusive.

2. The following paragraphs shall be added after paragraph 4 of Article 2A of the Protocol:

5. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2003

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substances in Group I of Annex A for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5 does not exceed eighty per cent of the annual average of its production of

those substances for basic domestic needs for the period 1995 to 1997 inclusive.

6. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2005

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substances in Group I of Annex A for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5 does not exceed fifty per cent of the annual average of its production of

those substances for basic domestic needs for the period 1995 to 1997 inclusive.

7. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2007

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substances in Group I of Annex A for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5 does not exceed fifteen per cent of the annual average of its production of

those substances for basic domestic needs for the period 1995 to 1997 inclusive.

8. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2010

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substances in Group I of Annex A for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5 does not exceed zero.

9. For the purposes of calculating basic domestic needs under paragraphs 4 to 8 of this

Article, the calculation of the annual average of production by a Party includes any production

entitlements that it has transferred in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 2, and excludes any

production entitlements that it has acquired in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 2.

B. Article 2B: Halons
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1. The third sentence of paragraph 2 of Article 2B of the Protocol shall be replaced by the following

sentence:

However, in order to satisfy the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under paragraph 1 of

Article 5, its calculated level of production may, until 1 January 2002 exceed that limit by up to

fifteen per cent of its calculated level of production in 1986; thereafter, it may exceed that limit by

a quantity equal to the annual average of its production of the controlled substances in Group II of

Annex A for basic domestic needs for the period 1995 to 1997 inclusive.

2. The following paragraphs shall be added after paragraph 2 of Article 2B of the Protocol:

3. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2005

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substances in Group II of Annex A for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5 does not exceed fifty per cent of the annual average of its production of

those substances for basic domestic needs for the period 1995 to 1997 inclusive.

4. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2010

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substances in Group II of Annex A for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5 does not exceed zero.
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Annex III

ADJUSTMENTS TO THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT

DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER

Adjustments relating to controlled substances in Annex B

Article 2C: Other fully halogenated CFCs

1. The third sentence of paragraph 3 of Article 2C of the Protocol shall be replaced by the following

sentence:

However, in order to satisfy the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under paragraph 1 of

Article 5, its calculated level of production may, until 1 January 2003 exceed that limit by up to

fifteen per cent of its calculated level of production in 1989; thereafter, it may exceed that limit by

a quantity equal to eighty per cent of the annual average of its production of the controlled

substances in Group I of Annex B for basic domestic needs for the period 1998 to 2000 inclusive.

2. The following paragraphs shall be added after paragraph 3 of Article 2C of the Protocol:

4. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2007

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substances in Group I of Annex B for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5 does not exceed fifteen per cent of the annual average of its production of

those substances for basic domestic needs for the period 1998 to 2000 inclusive.

5. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2010

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substances in Group I of Annex B for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5 does not exceed zero.
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Annex IV

ADJUSTMENTS TO THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT

DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER

Adjustments relating to the controlled substance in Annex E

Article 2H: Methyl bromide

1. The third sentence of paragraph 5 of Article 2H of the Protocol shall be replaced by the following

sentence:

However, in order to satisfy the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under paragraph 1 of

Article 5, its calculated level of production may, until 1 January 2002 exceed that limit by up to

fifteen per cent of its calculated level of production in 1991; thereafter, it may exceed that limit by

a quantity equal to the annual average of its production of the controlled substance in Annex E for

basic domestic needs for the period 1995 to 1998 inclusive.

2. The following paragraphs shall be added after paragraph 5 of Article 2H of the Protocol:

5 bis. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2005

and in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substance in Annex E for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under paragraph 1 of

Article 5 does not exceed eighty per cent of the annual average of its production of the substance

for basic domestic needs for the period 1995 to 1998 inclusive.

5 ter. Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2015 and

in each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of production of the controlled

substance in Annex E for the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under paragraph 1 of

Article 5 does not exceed zero.
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Annex V

AMENDMENT TO THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT

DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER

Article 1: Amendment

A. Article 2, paragraph 5

In paragraph 5 of Article 2 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2A to 2E

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2A to 2F

B. Article 2, paragraphs 8(a) and 11

In paragraphs 8(a) and 11 of Article 2 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2A to 2H

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2A to 2I

C. Article 2F, paragraph 8

The following paragraph shall be added after paragraph 7 of Article 2F of the Protocol:

Each Party producing one or more of these substances shall ensure that for the twelvemonth period commencing on 1 January 2004, and in each twelve-month period thereafter,

its calculated level of production of the controlled substances in Group I of Annex C does

not exceed, annually, the average of:

The sum of its calculated level of consumption in 1989 of the controlled substances in

Group I of Annex C and two point eight per cent of its calculated level of consumption in

1989 of the controlled substances in Group I of Annex A; and

The sum of its calculated level of production in 1989 of the controlled substances in Group

I of Annex C and two point eight per cent of its calculated level of production in 1989 of

the controlled substances in Group I of Annex A.

However, in order to satisfy the basic domestic needs of the Parties operating under

paragraph 1 of Article 5, its calculated level of production may exceed that limit by up to

fifteen per cent of its calculated level of production of the controlled substances in Group I

of Annex C as defined above.
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D. Article 2I

The following Article shall be inserted after Article 2H of the Protocol:

Article 2I: Bromochloromethane

Each Party shall ensure that for the twelve-month period commencing on 1 January 2002, and in

each twelve-month period thereafter, its calculated level of consumption and production of the

controlled substance in Group III of Annex C does not exceed zero. This paragraph will apply

save to the extent that the Parties decide to permit the level of production or consumption that is

necessary to satisfy uses agreed by them to be essential.

E. Article 3

In Article 3 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2, 2A to 2H

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2, 2A to 2I

F. Article 4, paragraphs 1 quin. and 1 sex.

The following paragraphs shall be added to Article 4 of the Protocol after paragraph 1 qua:

1 quin. As of 1 January 2004, each Party shall ban the import of the controlled substances in

Group I of Annex C from any State not party to this Protocol.

1 sex. Within one year of the date of entry into force of this paragraph, each Party shall ban the

import of the controlled substance in Group III of Annex C from any State not party to

this Protocol.

G. Article 4, paragraphs 2 quin. and 2 sex.

The following paragraphs shall be added to Article 4 of the Protocol after paragraph 2 qua:

2 quin. As of 1 January 2004, each Party shall ban the export of the controlled substances in

Group I of Annex C to any State not party to this Protocol.

2 sex. Within one year of the date of entry into force of this paragraph, each Party shall ban the

export of the controlled substance in Group III of Annex C to any State not party to this

Protocol.
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H. Article 4, paragraphs 5 to 7

In paragraphs 5 to 7 of Article 4 of the Protocol, for the words:

Annexes A and B, Group II of Annex C and Annex E

there shall be substituted:

Annexes A, B, C and E

I. Article 4, paragraph 8

In paragraph 8 of Article 4 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2A to 2E, Articles 2G and 2H

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2A to 2I

J. Article 5, paragraph 4

In paragraph 4 of Article 5 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2A to 2H

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2A to 2I

K. Article 5, paragraphs 5 and 6

In paragraphs 5 and 6 of Article 5 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2A to 2E

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2A to 2E and Article 2I

L. Article 5, paragraph 8 ter (a)

The following sentence shall be added at the end of subparagraph 8 ter (a) of Article 5 of the

Protocol:

As of 1 January 2016 each Party operating under paragraph 1 of this Article shall comply with the

control measures set out in paragraph 8 of Article 2F and, as the basis for its compliance with

these control measures, it shall use the average of its calculated levels of production and

consumption in 2015;
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M. Article 6

In Article 6 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2A to 2H

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2A to 2I

N. Article 7, paragraph 2

In paragraph 2 of Article 7 of the Protocol, for the words:

Annexes B and C

there shall be substituted:

Annex B and Groups I and II of Annex C

O. Article 7, paragraph 3

The following sentence shall be added after the first sentence of paragraph 3 of Article 7 of the

Protocol:

Each Party shall provide to the Secretariat statistical data on the annual amount of the

controlled substance listed in Annex E used for quarantine and pre-shipment applications.

P. Article 10

In paragraph 1 of Article 10 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2A to 2E

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2A to 2E and Article 2I

Q. Article 17

In Article 17 of the Protocol, for the words:

Articles 2A to 2H

there shall be substituted:

Articles 2A to 2I
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R. Annex C

The following group shall be added to Annex C to the Protocol:

Group Substance Number of Isomers Ozone-Depleting

Potential

Group III

CH2BrCl bromochloromethane 1 0.12

Article 2: Relationship to the 1997 Amendment

No State or regional economic integration organization may deposit an instrument of ratification,

acceptance or approval of or accession to this Amendment unless it has previously, or simultaneously,

deposited such an instrument to the Amendment adopted at the Ninth Meeting of the Parties in Montreal,

17 September 1997.

Article 3: Entry into force

1. This Amendment shall enter into force on 1 January 2001, provided that at least twenty

instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval of the Amendment have been deposited by States or

regional economic integration organizations that are Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that

Deplete the Ozone Layer. In the event that this condition has not been fulfilled by that date, the

Amendment shall enter into force on the ninetieth day following the date on which it has been fulfilled.

2. For the purposes of paragraph 1, any such instrument deposited by a regional economic integration

organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by member States of such organization.

3. After the entry into force of this Amendment, as provided under paragraph 1, it shall enter into

force for any other Party to the Protocol on the ninetieth day following the date of deposit of its instrument

of ratification, acceptance or approval.
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Annex VI

REPLENISHMENT OF THE MULTILATERAL FUND FOR THE PERIOD 2000-2002

Contributions by Parties for the years 2000, 2001 and 2002 to the fourth replenishment of the Multilateral Fund

using the fixed-currency-exchange-rate mechanism and 1999 United Nations scale of assessment

No. Country United Nations scale of

assessment

for the year

1999

Adjusted United

Nations scale of

assessment with

no Party contributing more

than 25%

Annual contributions

in US dollars for the

years 2000, 2001 and

2002

Eligibility for

using fixedcurrency-exchange-rate

mechanism

Currencies for Parties eligible to pay

contributions in

national currencies

Rates of exchange for

Parties eligible to pay

contributions in

national currencies

Contributions in

national currencies

by Parties eligible to

pay in national currencies

Contributions in

US dollars by

Parties not eligible

to pay in national

currencies

1 AUSTRALIA 1.482 1.69245 2,482,261 YES Australian dollar 1.56 3,872,327 - 

2 AUSTRIA 0.941 1.07463 1,576,118 YES Schilling 12.97 20,442,256 - 

3 AZERBAIJAN 0.022 0.02512 36,849 NO - 36,849

4 BELARUS 0.082 0.09364 137,345 NO - 137,345

5 BELGIUM 1.103 1.25963 1,847,459 YES Belgian franc 38.02 70,240,378 - 

6 BULGARIA 0.019 0.02170 31,824 NO - 31,824

7 CANADA 2.754 3.14508 4,612,784 YES Canadian dollar 1.49 6,873,049 - 

8 CZECH REPUBLIC 0.121 0.13818 202,668 YES Czech koruna 35.06 7,105,530 - 

9 DENMARK 0.691 0.78913 1,157,383 YES Danish krone 7.02 8,124,832 - 

10 ESTONIA 0.015 0.01713 25,124 NO - 25,124

11 FINLAND 0.542 0.61897 907,817 YES Markka 5.60 5,083,777 - 

12 FRANCE 6.540 7.46871 10,954,107 YES French franc 6.18 67,696,379 - 

13 GERMANY 9.808 11.20078 16,427,810 YES Deutsche mark 1.84 30,227,171 - 

14 GREECE 0.351 0.40084 587,904 YES Drachma 304.95 179,281,291 -
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No. Country United Nations scale of

assessment

for the year

1999

Adjusted United

Nations scale of

assessment with

no Party contributing more

than 25%

Annual contributions

in US dollars for the

years 2000, 2001 and

2002

Eligibility for

using fixedcurrency-exchange-rate

mechanism

Currencies for Parties eligible to pay

contributions in

national currencies

Rates of exchange for

Parties eligible to pay

contributions in

national currencies

Contributions in

national currencies

by Parties eligible to

pay in national currencies

Contributions in

US dollars by

Parties not eligible

to pay in national

currencies

15 HUNGARY 0.120 0.13704 200,993 NO 

 - 

 200,993

16 ICELAND 0.032 0.03654 53,598 YES Icelandic krona 68.03 3,646,277 - 

17 IRELAND 0.224 0.25581 375,186 YES Irish pound 0.74 277,638 - 

18 ISRAEL 0.345 0.39399 577,854 YES Shekel 4.08 2,357,645 - 

19 ITALY 5.432 6.20337 9,098,273 YES Italian lira 1,825.07 16,604,985,632 - 

20 JAPAN 19.984 22.82182 33,471,998 YES Yen 118.34 3,961,076,249 - 

21 LATVIA 0.024 0.02741 40,199 NO - 40,199

22 LIECHTENSTEIN 0.006 0.00685 10,050 YES Swiss franc 1.50 15,074 - 

23 LITHUANIA 0.022 0.02512 36,849 NO - 36,849

24 LUXEMBOURG 0.068 0.07766 113,896 YES Luxembourg franc 38.02 4,330,323 - 

25 MONACO 0.004 0.00457 6,700 YES French franc 6.18 41,405 - 

26 NETHERLANDS 1.631 1.86261 2,731,827 YES Netherlands guilder 2.08 5,682,200 - 

27 NEW ZEALAND 0.221 0.25238 370,162 YES New Zealand dollar 1.87 692,202 - 

28 NORWAY 0.610 0.69662 1,021,713 YES Norwegian krone 7.87 8,040,884 - 

29 POLAND 0.207 0.23639 346,712 NO - 346,712

30 PORTUGAL 0.417 0.47622 698,450 YES Portuguese escudo 188.97 131,986,081 - 

31 RUSSIAN FEDERATION 1.487 1.69816 2,490,635 NO - 2,490,635

32 SLOVAKIA 0.039 0.04454 65,323 YES Slovak koruna 42.28 2,761,842 - 

33 SPAIN 2.589 2.95665 4,336,419 YES Peseta 156.83 680,080,636 - 

34 SWEDEN 1.084 1.23793 1,815,635 YES Swedish krona 8.33 15,124,238 - 

35 SWITZERLAND 1.215 1.38754 2,035,052 YES Swiss franc 1.50 3,052,578 - 
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No. Country United Nations scale of

assessment

for the year

1999

Adjusted United

Nations scale of

assessment with

no Party contributing more

than 25%

Annual contributions

in US dollars for the

years 2000, 2001 and

2002

Eligibility for

using fixedcurrency-exchange-rate

mechanism

Currencies for Parties eligible to pay

contributions in

national currencies

Rates of exchange for

Parties eligible to pay

contributions in

national currencies

Contributions in

national currencies

by Parties eligible to

pay in national currencies

Contributions in

US dollars by

Parties not eligible

to pay in national

currencies

36 TAJIKISTAN 0.005 0.00571 8,375 NO 

 - 

 8,375

37 TURKMENISTAN 0.008 0.00914 13,399 NO - 13,399

38 UKRAINE 0.302 0.34489 505,832 NO - 505,832

39 UNITED KINGDOM 5.090 5.81280 8,525,444 YES British pound 0.62 5,285,775 - 

40 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 25.000 25.00000 36,666,667 NO United States dollar 1.00 - 36,666,667

41 UZBEKISTAN 0.037 0.04225 61,973 NO - 61,973

41 T O T A L 90.674 100.00000 146,666,667 N.A. N.A. 40,602,776
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Annex VII

ESSENTIAL-USE NOMINATIONS FOR 2000-2001 RECOMMENDED BY THE OPEN-ENDED

WORKING GROUP FOR APPROVAL BY THE ELEVENTH MEETING OF THE PARTIES

(in metric tonnes)

No. Party CFC-11 CFC-12 CFC-113 CFC-114 Halon-2402

2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000

1 European Community - 1,243.0 - 1,813.0 - 7.0 - 207.0 -

2 Hungary 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5 -

3 Japan 32.0 27.0 55.0 54.0 0.2 0.2 11.0 7.0 -

4 Poland - - - - 1.7 - - -

5 Russian Federation - - - - - - - - 90.0

6 United States of America - 918.0 - 1,947.0 - - - 236.0 -

7 Total 32.5 2,188.5 55.5 3,814.5 2.15 7.45 11.5 450.5 90.0
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Annex VIII

TRUST FUND FOR THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE

THE OZONE LAYER: BUDGETS FOR 2000-2001

w/m 2000 (US$) w/m 2001 (US$)

10 PROJECT PERSONNEL COMPONENT

1100 Project personnel

1101 Executive Secretary (D-2) (shared with the Vienna

Convention, VC)

6 102,270 6 102,270

1102 Deputy Executive Secretary (P-5) 12 139,290 12 139,290

1103 Programme Officer (Law) (P-5) 12 103,030 12 103,030

1104 Programme Officer (Science) (P-5) (shared with VC) 6 88,730 6 88,730

1105 Administrative Officer (P-4) (paid by UNEP) 0 0

1106 Programme Officer (Data Systems) (P-3)* 0 51,210

1199 Sub-total 433,320 484,530

1200 Consultants

1201 Assistance in data-reporting, analysis and promotion of Implementation of the Protocol51,210 20,000

1299 Sub-total 51,210 20,000
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1300 Administrative Support

1301 Administrative Assistant (G-7) 6 10,230 6 10,230

1302 Personal Assistant (G-6) 12 17,230 12 17,230

1303 Programme Assistant (G-6) (paid by VC) 0 0

1304 Personal Assistant (G-6) 6 9,153 6 9,153

1305 Programme Assistant (G-6) 6 9,153 6 9,153

1306 Documents Clerk (G-3) 12 8,610 12 8,610

1307 Data Assistant (G-6) 12 18,296 12 18,296

1308 Programme Assistant (G-6) (paid by UNEP) 0 0

1309 Logistics Assistant (G-3) (paid by UNEP) 0 0

1320 Temporary Assistance 6,458 6,458

1321 Open-ended Working Group Meetings 420,250 400,250

1322 Preparatory and Parties Meetings (shared with VC every three years,

applies to 1999)

409,905 409,905

1323 Assessment Panel Meetings 73,226 73,226

1324 Bureau Meetings 44,147 44,147

1325 Committee Meetings 29,069 29,069

1326 MP Informal Consultation Meetings 11,839 11,839

1399 Sub-total 1,067,566 1,047,566
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1600 Travel on Official Business

1601 Staff travel on official business 109,839 109,839

1602 Conference Services staff travel on official business 21,535 21,535

1699 Sub-total 131,374 131,374

1999 COMPONENT TOTAL 1,683,470 1,683,470

30 MEETING/PARTICIPATION COMPONENT

3300 Support for Participation

3301 Assessment Panel Meetings 565,770 565,770

3302 Preparatory and Parties Meetings 263,560 263,560

3303 Open-ended Working Group Meetings 263,310 263,310

3304 Bureau Meetings 32,298 32,298

3305 Committee Meetings 64,605 64,605

3306 Meetings for the promotion of the Protocol among non-Parties 21,013 21,013

3399 Sub-total 1,210,556 1,210,556

3999 COMPONENT TOTAL 1,210,556 1,210,556

40 EQUIPMENT AND PREMISES COMPONENT

4100 Expendable Equipment (items under $1,500)

4101 Miscellaneous expendables (shared with VC) 21,669 21,669

4199 Sub-total 21,669 21,669
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4200 Non-Expendable Equipment

4201 Personal computers and accessories 5,381 5,381

4202 Portable computers 3,229 3,229

4203 Other office machines (server, fax, scanner, etc.) 6,068 6,068

4299 Sub-total 14,678 14,678

4300 Premises

4301 Rental of office premises (shared with VC) 32,297 32,297

4399 Sub-total 32,297 32,297

4999 COMPONENT TOTAL 68,644 68,644

50 MISCELLANEOUS COMPONENT

5100 Operation and Maintenance of Equipment

5101 Maintenance of equipment and others (shared with VC) 12,915 12,915

5199 Sub-total 12,915 12,915

5200 Reporting Costs

5201 Reporting 64,606 64,606

5202 Reporting (Technical Assessment Panels) 32,298 32,298

5299 Sub-total 96,904 96,904
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5300 Sundry

5301 Communications 80,760 80,760

5302 Freight charges (documents) 68,101 68,101

5303 Training 10,506 10,506

5304 Others 5,115 5,115

5399 Sub-total 164,482 164,482

5400 Hospitality

5401 Hospitality 19,383 19,383

5499 Sub-total 19,383 19,383

5999 COMPONENT TOTAL 293,684 293,684

99 TOTAL DIRECT PROJECT COST 3,256,354 3,256,354

Programme support costs (13%) 423,325 423,325

GRAND TOTAL (inclusive of programme support costs) 3,679,679 3,679,679

Contribution from Reserve 0 675,000

Contribution from the Parties 3,679,679 3,004,679

* The post of PO/Data Systems will be kept vacant until 12/7/2001, as a JPO is being funded by the Dutch Government form 13/7/1998 to 12/7/2001.
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EXPLANATORY NOTES FOR THE PROPOSED 2001 BUDGET FOR THE TRUST FUND

FOR THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL

General:

All figures are in United States dollars (US$).

Budget line comment

1100 and 1300 The classification of posts of the Secretariat by UNEP is governed by the regulations of the United

Nations. The Meetings of the Parties sanction the number and type of posts and make financial provision for posts as

classified when they make the budget decisions.

1106 The Government of the Netherlands is funding the post of Junior Programme Officer (Data Systems) from

13 July 1998 for a maximum duration of three years. Funds have been allocated for the post of Programme Officer

(Data Systems) from mid-July 2001 onwards.

1201 Funds under this line can be transferred to line 1100 to create short-term professional posts if necessary.

1321-1326 Necessary funds may be transferred from the conference-servicing budget lines (1321-1326)

should such services be required and rendered either by individual consultancies or corporate contracts. The total cost

of organizing the meeting should not, however, exceed the amounts agreed in this budget.

The conference-servicing costs have been based on the following assumptions:

1321: One meeting of the Open-ended Working Group will be held each year during 2000 and

2001 in Nairobi or Geneva using six languages.

1322: The Meeting of the Parties and its preparatory meeting (OEWG) will be held in Nairobi in

both years and in six languages. When meetings are not held in Nairobi, the incremental cost will

be paid by the host Government.

1323: The Technology and Economic Assessment Panel has been allocated funds to cover the

communication and other sundry costs related to the work of Panel members from developing

countries and countries with economies in transition.

1324: Two Bureau meetings are scheduled for each of the years 2000 and 2001.

1325: Two Implementation Committee meetings, in English only, are assumed to take place in

Nairobi.

1326: One informal consultation meeting a year, in English only, is assumed to take place in

Nairobi.

3300 This item includes assistance to participants. No more than one person's travel costs are covered for each

country and using the most appropriate economical fare and the United Nations per diem allowances.

3304 The participation costs for the two Bureau meetings are based on four participants from developing countries

or countries with economies in transition in each meeting.

3305 The participation costs for the two Implementation Committee meetings are based on eight participants from

developing countries or countries with economies in transition in each meeting. The already approved budgets for

1999 and 2000 have not been adjusted.

3306 Funds are required for assisting non-Parties to participate in the meetings of the Protocol for promoting

awareness regarding the benefits of ratification of the Protocol.

4200 The Secretariat is constantly developing its electronic data processing systems in order to make the

documentation of the Protocol and the Convention available electronically to the Parties. This development requires
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updating of the existing computer equipment, and procurement of necessary peripherals and software licenses.
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Annex IX

TRUST FUND FOR THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON THE SUBSTANCES THAT

DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER

Scale of contributions by the Parties for the years 2000 and 2001

based on the United Nations scale of assessment with

no Party paying more than 25 per cent

(in United States dollars)

Name of the Party 2000 United

Nations scale of

assessment

Adjusted United

Nations scales to

exclude non--

contributors

Adjusted United Nations

scales with 25%

percentage ceiling

considered

Contributions by

Parties for the year

2000

Contributions by Parties

for the year 2001

Albania 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0

Algeria 0.086 0.000 0.000 0 0

Antigua and Barbuda 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Argentina 1.103 1.103 1.076 39,611 32,345

Armenia 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0

Australia 1.483 1.483 1.447 53,258 43,488

Austria 0.942 0.942 0.919 33,829 27,624

Azerbaijan 0.011 0.000 0.000 0 0

Bahamas 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0

Bahrain 0.017 0.000 0.000 0 0

Bangladesh 0.010 0.000 0.000 0 0

Barbados 0.008 0.000 0.000 0 0

Belarus 0.057 0.000 0.000 0 0

Belgium 1.104 1.104 1.077 39,647 32,374

Belize 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Benin 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Bolivia 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.005 0.000 0.000 0 0

Botswana 0.010 0.000 0.000 0 0

Brazil 1.471 1.471 1.436 52,827 43,136

Brunei Darussalam 0.020 0.000 0.000 0 0

Bulgaria 0.011 0.000 0.000 0 0

Burkina Faso 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Burundi 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Cameroon 0.013 0.000 0.000 0 0

Canada 2.732 2.732 2.666 98,113 80,115

Central African Republic 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Chad 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Chile 0.136 0.136 0.133 4,884 3,988
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Name of the Party 2000 United

Nations scale of

assessment

Adjusted United

Nations scales to

exclude non--

contributors

Adjusted United Nations

scales with 25%

percentage ceiling

considered

Contributions by

Parties for the year

2000

Contributions by Parties

for the year 2001

China 0.995 0.995 0.971 35,733 29,178

Colombia 0.109 0.109 0.106 3,914 3,196

Comoros 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Congo 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0

Costa Rica 0.016 0.000 0.000 0 0

Côte d'Ivoire 0.009 0.000 0.000 0 0

Croatia 0.030 0.000 0.000 0 0

Cuba 0.024 0.000 0.000 0 0

Cyprus 0.034 0.000 0.000 0 0

Czech Republic 0.107 0.107 0.104 3,843 3,138

Democratic People's Republic

of Korea

0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0

Democratic Republic of the

Congo

0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Denmark 0.692 0.692 0.675 24,851 20,293

Djibouti 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Dominica 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Dominican Republic 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0

Ecuador 0.020 0.000 0.000 0 0

Egypt 0.065 0.000 0.000 0 0

El Salvador 0.012 0.000 0.000 0 0

Estonia 0.012 0.000 0.000 0 0

Ethiopia 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0

European Community 2.500 2.500 2.440 89,781 73,312

Fiji 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0

Finland 0.543 0.543 0.530 19,500 15,923

France 6.545 6.545 6.388 235,047 191,930

Gabon 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0

Gambia 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Georgia 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Germany 9.857 9.857 9.620 353,988 289,053

Ghana 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Greece 0.351 0.351 0.343 12,605 10,293

Grenada 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Guatemala 0.018 0.000 0.000 0 0

Guinea 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0

Guyana 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
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Name of the Party 2000 United

Nations scale of

assessment

Adjusted United

Nations scales to

exclude non--

contributors

Adjusted United Nations

scales with 25%

percentage ceiling

considered

Contributions by

Parties for the year

2000

Contributions by Parties

for the year 2001

Honduras 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0

Hungary 0.120 0.120 0.117 4,310 3,519

Iceland 0.032 0.000 0.000 0 0

India 0.299 0.299 0.292 10,738 8,768

Indonesia 0.188 0.188 0.183 6,752 5,513

Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.161 0.161 0.157 5,782 4,721

Ireland 0.224 0.224 0.219 8,044 6,569

Israel 0.350 0.350 0.342 12,569 10,264

Italy 5.437 5.437 5.306 195,256 159,438

Jamaica 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0

Japan 20.573 20.573 20.079 738,826 603,295

Jordan 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0

Kazakhstan 0.048 0.000 0.000 0 0

Kenya 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Kiribati 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Kuwait 0.128 0.128 0.125 4,597 3,754

Lao People's Democratic

Republic

0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Latvia 0.017 0.000 0.000 0 0

Lebanon 0.016 0.000 0.000 0 0

Lesotho 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Liberia 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 0.124 0.124 0.121 4,453 3,636

Liechtenstein 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0

Lithuania 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0

Luxembourg 0.068 0.000 0.000 0 0

Madagascar 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0

Malawi 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Malaysia 0.183 0.183 0.179 6,572 5,366

Maldives 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Mali 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Malta 0.014 0.000 0.000 0 0

Marshall Islands 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Mauritania 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Mauritius 0.009 0.000 0.000 0 0

Mexico 0.995 0.995 0.971 35,733 29,178
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Name of the Party 2000 United

Nations scale of

assessment

Adjusted United

Nations scales to

exclude non--

contributors

Adjusted United Nations

scales with 25%

percentage ceiling

considered

Contributions by

Parties for the year

2000

Contributions by Parties

for the year 2001

Micronesia (Federated States

of)

0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Monaco 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0

Mongolia 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Morocco 0.041 0.000 0.000 0 0

Mozambique 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Myanmar 0.008 0.000 0.000 0 0

Namibia 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Nepal 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0

Netherlands 1.632 1.632 1.593 58,609 47,858

New Zealand 0.221 0.221 0.216 7,937 6,481

Nicaragua 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Niger 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Nigeria 0.032 0.000 0.000 0 0

Norway 0.610 0.610 0.595 21,907 17,888

Oman 0.051 0.000 0.000 0 0

Pakistan 0.059 0.000 0.000 0 0

Panama 0.013 0.000 0.000 0 0

Papua New Guinea 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Paraguay 0.014 0.000 0.000 0 0

Peru 0.099 0.000 0.000 0 0

Philippines 0.081 0.000 0.000 0 0

Poland 0.196 0.196 0.191 7,039 5,748

Portugal 0.431 0.431 0.421 15,478 12,639

Qatar 0.033 0.000 0.000 0 0

Republic of Korea 1.006 1.006 0.982 36,128 29,501

Republic of Moldova 0.010 0.000 0.000 0 0

Romania 0.056 0.000 0.000 0 0

Russia Federation 1.077 1.077 1.051 38,678 31,583

Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Saint Lucia 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Saint Vincent and the

Grenadines

0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Samoa 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Saudi Arabia 0.562 0.562 0.548 20,183 16,480

Senegal 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0

Seychelles 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
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Name of the Party 2000 United

Nations scale of

assessment

Adjusted United

Nations scales to

exclude non--

contributors

Adjusted United Nations

scales with 25%

percentage ceiling

considered

Contributions by

Parties for the year

2000

Contributions by Parties

for the year 2001

Singapore 0.179 0.179 0.175 6,428 5,249

Slovakia 0.035 0.000 0.000 0 0

Slovenia 0.061 0.000 0.000 0 0

Solomon Islands 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

South Africa 0.366 0.366 0.357 13,144 10,733

Spain 2.591 2.591 2.529 93,049 75,980

Sri Lanka 0.012 0.000 0.000 0 0

Sudan 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Suriname 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0

Swaziland 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Sweden 1.079 1.079 1.053 38,749 31,641

Switzerland 1.215 1.215 1.186 43,634 35,629

Syrian Arab Republic 0.064 0.000 0.000 0 0

Tajikistan 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0

Thailand 0.170 0.170 0.166 6,105 4,985

The former Yugoslav Republic

of Macedonia

0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0

Togo 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Tonga 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Trinidad and Tobago 0.016 0.000 0.000 0 0

Tunisia 0.028 0.000 0.000 0 0

Turkey 0.440 0.440 0.429 15,801 12,903

Turkmenistan 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0

Tuvalu 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Uganda 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0

Ukraine 0.190 0.190 0.185 6,823 5,572

United Arab Emirates 0.178 0.178 0.174 6,392 5,220

United Kingdom 5.092 5.092 4.970 182,866 149,321

United Republic of Tanzania 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0

United States of America 25.000 25.000 25.000 919,920 751,170

Uruguay 0.048 0.000 0.000 0 0

Uzbekistan 0.025 0.000 0.000 0 0

Vanuatu 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0

Venezuela 0.160 0.160 0.156 5,746 4,692

Vietnam 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0

Yemen 0.010 0.000 0.000 0 0
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Yugoslavia 0.026 0.000 0.000 0 0

Zambia 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0

Zimbabwe 0.009 0.000 0.000 0 0

Total 103.647 101.847 100.000 3,679,679 3,004,679

-----