2014 Minerals Yearbook

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

GOLD [ADVANCE RELEASE]

November 2016
gold—2014 [ADVANCE RELEASE] 31

Gold

By Micheal W. Georg

Domestic survey data and tables were prepared by Wanda G. Wooten, statistical assistant, and the world production table 

was prepared by Lisa D. Miller, international data coordinator.

In 2014, domestic mine production of gold decreased, for 

the second consecutive year, to 210,000 kilograms (kg) from 

230,000 kg in 2013 (tables 1, 2). In 2014, the value of domestic 

production decreased by 18% to $8.6 billion, owing to a 10% 

decrease in the average price of gold and the 8.5% decrease 

in domestic gold production. Nevada and Alaska, the two 

leading producing States, accounted for about 72% and 15%, 

respectively, of domestic gold production in 2014 (table 2). 

The remaining production, in descending order of quantity, 

came from mines in Utah, Colorado, California, Washington, 

Montana, South Dakota, New Mexico, and Arizona. Gold wa

recovered at lode mines in all the gold-producing States, at 

two large placer mines in Alaska, and at numerous small placer 

mines, mostly in Alaska. About 6% of domestic mined gold was 

recovered as a byproduct of processing base metals, primarily 

copper, and other precious metals, primarily silver. The 29 

leading operations, listed in table 3, accounted for 99% of 

domestic gold production.

In 2014, the global exploration budget for gold, the leading 

nonfuel mineral exploration target, decreased by 31% from 

that in 2013 to $4.6 billion and accounted for about 43% of 

the budgeted nonfuel mineral exploration expenditures of 

$10.7 billion. Gold exploration in Australia, Canada, and the

United States accounted for 36% ($1.65 billion) of the budgeted 

2014 global gold exploration expenditure. The next 10 countries 

(in descending order, Mexico, China, Russia, Colombia, 

Peru, Burkina Faso, Chile, Papua New Guinea, Brazil, and

Indonesia) accounted for an additional 38% ($1.73 billion) 

(SNL Metals & Mining, 2014, p. 1–2)

Commercial-grade refined gold was produced by about two 

dozen domestic companies. Among several thousand companies 

and artisans, a few dozen companies dominated the fabrication 

of gold into commercial products. Jewelry manufacturing in 

the United States was heavily concentrated in the New York, 

NY, and Providence, RI, areas, with other manufacturers 

in California, Florida, and Texas. In 2014, the estimated 

percentages for commercial products (excluding investment 

products but including official coinage) of gold were jewelry, 

43%; electrical and electronics, 37%; official coins, 14%; dental 

and medical, 4%; and other, 2%.

In 2014, the five leading global gold-producing companies—

in descending order of mine production, Barrick Gold Corp.,

Newmont Mining Corp., AngloGold Ashanti Ltd., Goldco

Inc., and Kinross Gold Corp.—accounted for about 22% of

world gold mine production (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 44).

Total world mine production of gold in 2014 was about 

3,010 metric tons (t), 94.8 t more than production in 2013. 

China, where estimated mine production increased by 20 t, 

remained the leading gold producer. In 2014, the 5 leading 

producers among more than 100 gold-mining countries—in 

descending order of production, China, Australia, Russia, 

the United States, and Canada—accounted for 44% of 

global gold production (table 8).

Through 2014, global historical gold mine production totaled 

an estimated 184,000 t of gold. Because gold has been nearly 

100% recycled and is resistant to corrosion and oxidation, 

about 98% of the gold that has been produced throughout 

history is still available. As of yearend 2014, about 30,900 t 

was held by central banks worldwide as official stocks, about 

36,800 t was held privately as investments, about 87,000 t was 

held privately as jewelry, about 25,200 t was in other fabricated 

products, and the remaining 3,700 t was unaccounted for 

(O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 52)

Legislation and Government Programs

Gold mining has been identified as a potential source 

of funding for armed groups engaged in civil unrest in the 

Democratic Republic of Congo [Congo (Kinshasa)] and

adjoining countries. The United States, through the enactment 

of Section 1502 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and

Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) on July 21, 2010,

made it a statutory obligation for all companies registered 

with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) 

to perform due diligence to determine whether the products 

they manufacture, or the components of the products they 

manufacture, contain tantalum, tin, tungsten, or gold (3TG)

minerals and, if so, to determine whether these minerals were 

sourced from Congo (Kinshasa) and (or) its bordering countries. 

Accordingly, companies were required to file a specialized 

disclosure form (SD form) with the SEC including their

findings as to whether 3TG minerals used in their products and 

components were sourced from the conflict region. Companies 

that determined that their products or components include 

3TG minerals from the conflict region were required to trace 

those minerals back through the supply chain to the mine of 

origin (U.S. Government Printing Office, 2010, p. 2213–2220). 

Under rules issued by the SEC, publicly traded companies 

were required to begin reporting the sources of 3TG minerals

used by May 2014. However, the U.S. Federal Appeals Court 

ruled in 2015 that the requirement that companies publish on 

their public Web sites a list of their products that could not be 

considered conflict free was a violation of a company’s First 

Amendment right (Browning, 2015). Although the United States 

was the only country to enact “conflict” legislation, other 

groups, international organizations, and countries, including 

but not limited to Canada, the Electronic Industries Citizenship 

Coalition (EICC-GeSI), the London Bullion Trade Associatio

(LBMA), the Organisation for Economic Co-operatio

and Development (OECD), the Public Private Allian

on Responsible Mineral Trade, the Responsible Jewellery 
31.2 [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YE

Council, the United Nations, and the World Gold Council,

were developing programs to assist companies in avoiding 

contributing to regional conflicts (Heymann, 2013). 

Production

Domestic lode mine production data for gold were compiled

by the U.S. Geological Survey from two separate voluntary

monthly surveys of U.S. mining operations and from publicly 

available sources and represented 100% of tabulated domestic 

gold production. Data on placer gold production in Alaska,

provided by the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysic

Surveys, was included in the domestic production figures. 

However, individual company production and performance data 

listed in table 3 or cited elsewhere in this report were obtained 

from published sources, such as company annual reports. 

Alaska.—In 2014, Alaska produced 31,400 kg of gold, from 

both lode and placer operations, valued at $1.28 billion, which 

was slightly less by weight and 13% less by value than that 

produced in 2013. Gold was produced at one open pit gold

mine, two underground gold mines, one underground zincsilver mine, and various placer operations. Kinross’s open pit 

Fort Knox Mine near Fairbanks, Alaska’s leading gold producer, 

produced 12,050 kg of gold in 2014, 10% less than in 2013. 

The decrease resulted from a decrease in the amount of ore 

processed (Freeman and others, 2015, p. 41–42). 

The underground Pogo Mine, 145 kilometers (km) southeast 

of Fairbanks, a joint venture between Sumitomo Metal Mining 

Co., Ltd. (85%) and Sumitomo Co. (15%), produced about

10,600 kg of gold during 2014, a slight increase compared 

with output in 2013 (Freeman and others, 2015, p. 44). The 

underground Kensington Mine, 74 km northwest of Juneau, 

owned by Coeur Mining, Inc., produced 3,660 kg of gold, 

a 5% increase from that in 2013 owing to an increase in ore 

throughput (Coeur Mining, Inc., 2015, p. 6). 

Other lode-gold production in Alaska was as a byproduct from

Hecla Mining Co.’s underground Greens Creek zinc-silver mine

on Admiralty Island near Juneau, which produced 1,830 kg of 

gold (Freeman and others, 2015, p. 47). 

According to the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysic

Surveys, 1,280 kg of gold was produced at 173 placer operations 

during 2014, including recreational operations, which is more 

than one-half of what was produced in 2013. Four of the 

operations had annual production of more than 78 kg of gold 

and were considered large, 10 medium operations had annual 

production more than 20 kg but less than 78 kg, and 159 small 

operations had annual production of less than 20 kg (Freeman and 

others, 2015, p. 35). 

Overall nonfuel mineral exploration expenditures in Alaska

decreased to $96.2 million in 2014, down from $175.1 million 

in 2013. Gold exploration accounted for almost 62% of total

exploration expenditures, of which various gold-quartz vein 

deposits accounted for 33%, intrusion-related gold deposits 

accounted for 15%, and porphyry copper-gold deposits 

accounted for 14% (Freeman and others, 2015, p. 7–10). 

Much of the decrease in exploration expenditures was caused 

by the significant drop in exploration expenditures at the 

Pebble project. In 2013, Anglo American plc withdrew from 

the project, leaving Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd. as the sole 

owner and reducing the amount of available explorations funds 

(Freeman and others, 2015, p. 7, 21).

In 2014, mining project development expenditures in Alaska 

were $281.7 million, 22% less than in 2013. Development

expenditures refer to building infrastructure or activities 

that facilitate the production of mineral products. The gold 

projects that had more than $5 million in expenditures were, 

in descending order of expenditure, the Fort Knox, Pogo, 

Kensington, and Donlin Creek Mines, and the Nome offshore

lease area (placer operations) (Freeman and others, 2015, p. 29). 

California.—In 2014, gold was produced at Atna Resources 

Ltd.’s Briggs Mine and New Gold Inc.’s Mesquite Mine. Th

Mesquite Mine, 70 km northwest of Yuma, AZ, produced 

3,320 kg of gold, which was slightly less than that produced 

in 2013 (New Gold Inc., 2015, p. 32). The Briggs Mine, about

110 km southeast of Lone Pine, CA, produced 960 kg of gold,

a decrease of 3% from 2013 production owing to an increase 

in stripping rate in the last 9 months of 2014 (Atna Resources 

Ltd., 2015, p. 3–4). Small quantities of gold were also produced

in California as a byproduct from industrial mineral operations 

(such as limestone and sand and gravel operations) and from 

several small underground mines that primarily recovered 

specimen gold products.

Colorado.—In 2014, Colorado remained the fourth-ranked 

gold-producing State in the United States. Cripple Creek 

& Victor Gold Mining Co., a wholly owned subsidiary

of AngloGold Ashanti Ltd., reported that its open pi

Cripple Creek Mine produced 6,560 kg of gold in 2014. 

Production decreased by 9% from that in 2013 owing to a 

lower quantity of ore processed and a lower recovery rate 

(AngloGold Ashanti Ltd., 2015, p. 100–101

Montana.—Barrick’s Golden Sunlight Mine, 48 km east of

Butte, produced 2,680 kg of gold, a 6% decrease compared 

with production in 2013 owing to a decrease in ore grade 

(Barrick Gold Corp., 2015a). Other gold production in th

State was as a coproduct of Stillwater Mining Co.’s Stillwater 

platinum-group-metals mine near Nye.

Nevada.—Gold production decreased by 11% to 151,000 kg

in 2014; nonetheless, Nevada retained its long-standing position 

as the Nation’s leading gold-producing State. 

In 2014, Barrick produced 73,700 kg of gold, 15% less 

than in 2013, from its wholly owned Bald Mountain, Cortez, 

Goldstrike, and Ruby Hill Mines; its 75% share of the Turquoise

Ridge Mine (a joint venture with Newmont, 25%); and its 50% 

share of the Round Mountain Mine, operated under the name 

Smoky Valley Common Operation (50% owned and operated

by Kinross). In 2014, gold production from the Cortez Mine 

was 28,100 kg, 33% less than 2013 production owing to a 48% 

drop in ore grade. The mine was to transition to an underground 

mine in 2015 and ore grade would increase but tonnage would 

decrease. Production from the Ruby Hill Mine was 1,030 kg, a 

64% decrease from that in 2013 owing to no active mining in 

2014; only stockpiled ore was processed. Production from the 

Bald Mountain Mine was 5,010 kg, a 72% increase because of 

an increase in the amount of ore placed on the leach pads and an 

increase in the ore grade following a mine development phase 

during 2013. Production from the Turquoise Ridge Mine in 2014 

increased by 17% compared with that of 2013 owing to higher 
gold—2014 [ADVANCE RELEASE] 31

ore grade and throughput, and production from the Goldstrike

Mine was slightly higher as higher ore grade more than offset 

lower throughput (Barrick Gold Corp., 2015a; b, p. 43–45,

53). A 4% increase in gold production at the Round Mountain 

Mine was attributed to higher ore grade and increased recovery 

(Kinross Gold Corp., 2015, p. 27).

Newmont’s operations in Nevada produced 46,900 kg of 

gold, a 15% decrease compared to that of 2013, from the 

Carlin Mines operations and the Phoenix, Twin Creeks, and the 

joint-venture Turquoise Ridge (25% share) Mines. The Carlin 

Mines operations produced 28,200 kg, 12% less than 2013 

production because of planned stripping campaigns, partially 

offset by higher mill throughput following mill optimization. 

In 2014, gold produced at Twin Creeks decreased by 24% 

following the February 10 sale of the Midas Mine to Klondex 

Mines Ltd., which was a source for Twin Creeks mill and a

planned development phase at Twin Creek. The Phoenix Mine 

produced 10% less owing to lower ore grade and throughput 

(Newmont Mining Corp., 2015, p. 73).

On November 25, 2013, Waterton Global Mining Co., 

announced that mining had ceased at the Hollister gold-silver 

mine and that processing would stop at the Esmeralda mill when 

stockpiles were exhausted (Rivituso, 2013). In 2014, production 

of gold was 73 kg, a decrease from 829 kg in 2013. Production 

also decreased significantly at KGHM International Ltd.’s 

Robinson copper mine, which recovered 45% less gold than in 

2013 (Perry and Visher, 2015).

Several mines in Nevada increased gold production in 2014. 

The Veris Gold Corp.’s Jerritt Canyon Complex produced

5,000 kg of gold, a 15% increase compared with that in 2013 and 

Allied Nevada Gold Corp.’s Hycroft Mine produced 6,670 kg of

gold, 18% more than in 2013 (Perry and Visher, 2015). Klondex 

continued to perform bulk sampling and limited mining at its 

Fire Creek Mines and, in 2014, produced about 2,000 kg of gold, 

which was processed at the Midas Mine mill (Klondex Mines 

Ltd., 2015). Gold production at Coeur’s Rochester silver min

was about 1,400 kg in 2014, a 45% increase from production 

in 2013 owing to increases in ore processed and ore grade 

(Coeur Mining, Inc., 2015). 

Utah.—Rio Tinto plc’s Bingham Canyon Mine near Salt 

Lake City, operated by Kennecott Utah Copper Corp., produced

8,080 kg of gold as a byproduct from copper mining. Gold

production was 26% higher than that of 2013 despite the 

decreased production of copper and molybdenum in 2014 and a 

65-day planned smelter shutdown in the fourth quarter of 2014 

(Rio Tinto plc, 2015, p. 30, 199). 

Washington.—In 2014, Kinross’s underground Kettle RiverBuckhorn Mine in the north-central part of the State produced 

about 3,840 kg of gold equivalent, 18% less than in 2013 

owing to a decrease in ore grade and amount of ore processed 

(Kinross Gold Corp., 2015, p. 28)

Consumption

Thomson Reuters Gold Fields Mineral Services Ltd. (GFM

reported that total global fabrication in 2014, including scrap, 

consumed 2,830 t of gold, almost 13% less than in 2013, despite 

the lower gold price. Jewelry used 2,210 t of gold, 9% less than 

in 2013. The six leading jewelry manufacturing countries were, 

in descending order by gold contained in jewelry, India (690 t), 

China (641 t), Turkey (115 t), Italy (86 t), the United States 

(64 t), and Russia (50 t). Combined, they accounted for 74% of 

the world’s gold jewelry fabrication. In 2013, seven countries 

had significant (more than 3 t) decreases in gold used in jewelry 

fabrication and all were located in Asia or the Middle East; 

China (a 317-t decrease), Iran (7.3 t), and Indonesia (7.1 t) had 

the largest decreases. Four countries had significant increases 

(of more than 3 t) in gold used in jewelry fabrication—India 

(an 82.6-t increase), Turkey (27.7 t), Italy (3.6 t), and Brazil 

(3.5 t) (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 71–79)

In 2014, consumption of gold for industrial uses decreased 

owing to the sluggish economic recoveries in major electronic 

producing regions. Global gold consumption for electronics

(279 t) and dentistry (33.9 t) decreased by 4% and 7%, 

respectively. Gold used in other industrial and decorative

applications (87.1 t) decreased by 6%, owing to decreases in 

Brazil and India (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 93–97).

Price and Investment

The Engelhard daily price of gold was volatile. The price began 

the year at $1,226.73 per troy ounce, increased to the yearly high 

of $1,387.00 per troy ounce on March 14, trended downward to 

the yearly low of $1,146.59 per troy ounce on November 5, and 

ended the year at $1,199.68 per troy ounce. The yearly low was 

the lowest average daily price since November 2009. The annual 

average daily price for 2014 of $1,269.45 per troy ounce was 10% 

or $145.35 per troy ounce less than the annual average price in 

2013 and was the lowest price since 2010. 

Global net gold investment in 2014 increased to 919 t, a

slight increase compared with that in 2013. The components 

of gold investments are retail investments—gold bars, official 

coins, medals and imitation coins, and the change in gold held 

by gold exchange-traded funds (ETFs). An improved economic 

outlook and the concern that the U.S. Federal Reserve would 

raise interest rates constrained the demand for gold investment. 

The bulk of the investment was purchases of gold bars totaling 

829 t, a 41% decrease from revised data for 2013 purchases. In 

2014, global official coin minting decreased by 37% to 173 t 

owing to coin production in 2013 having been unusually large 

and investors losing confidence in the investment value of 

gold. Production of medals and imitation coins decreased by 

25% to 77 t owing to a decrease in demand in India because of 

increased regulation of unofficial coins and a decrease in the 

expectation of future gold prices. Gold held by ETFs decreased

by 160 t to 1,652 t; however, this decrease was significantly 

smaller than the 880-t selloff in 2013 and was the reason that 

net gold investment increased slightly (O’Connell and others,

2015, p. 15, 20, 28–31). In 2014, the U.S. Mint sold 16,314 kg 

of American Eagle gold coins and 5,221 kg of American Buffalo 

gold coins, decreases of 32% and 26%, respectively, from 

quantities sold in 2013 (U.S. Mint, 2015).

According to GFMS estimates, the official sector 

(governments and national banks) purchased a net 466 t of gold 

in 2014, which was 14% more than 2013 net purchases and the 

second highest historical level. Some of the leading buyers in 

2014 were Russia (173 t), Kazakhstan (48 t), and Iraq (47 t). 
31.4 [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YE

The Ukraine was a net seller of 19 t (O’Connell and others,

2015, p. 60–63).

Foreign Trade

The United States was a net exporter (exports minus imports) 

of 257,000 kg of refined bullion in 2014 (tables 4, 6). Based on 

unrounded data, refined bullion constituted 39% of U.S. gold 

imports and 76% of exports (tables 4, 6). In 2014, imports of 

refined bullion increased by 23%, and exports of refined bullion 

decreased by 23% from those in 2013. Canada and Mexico 

provided almost 62% and 17%, respectively, of the refined 

bullion imported in 2014. Hong Kong (39%), Switzerland 

(23%), and the United Kingdom (21%) were the principal 

destinations for U.S. refined bullion exports.

World Review

According to its annual review of world gold supply and 

demand, GFMS calculated the total global supply of gold in

2014 was 4,362 t, a slight increase compared with 4,310 t in 

2013. It included an estimated 72-t increase in global primary 

production and 142 t of net decrease in producer stocks. Gold

recovery from old scrap decreased by 162 t to 1,125 t and was 

at the lowest level since 2007. Weaker gold prices motivated 

buyers and sellers to maintain gold scrap stocks in anticipation 

of higher gold prices (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 8–10).

In 2014, world mine output of gold from almost 100 countries 

having reported or estimated quantities of production was 

about 3,010 t, 3% more than that in 2013 (table 8). It was the 

sixth consecutive year that world production increased. Gold

production increased significantly in Canada (28,100 kg), 

Bolivia (21,000 kg), China (20,000 kg), Russia (17,000 kg), 

and Congo (Kinshasa) (15,000 kg). These increases were 

partially offset by significant gold production decreases in 

the United States (18,200 kg), Peru (11,500 kg), South Africa 

(7,920 kg), Chile (5,280 kg), and Turkey (3,980 kg).

 The 12 leading gold-producing countries—in decreasing 

order of production, China, Australia, Russia, the United States, 

Canada, South Africa, Peru, Mexico, Uzbekistan, Ghana, Brazil,

and Indonesia—accounted for almost 70% of global production. 

The next 12 leading gold-producing countries accounted for 

almost 17% of global gold production. 

Argentina.—In 2014, gold production was estimated at 

59,000 kg, 16% more than 2013 production. On July 25,

Goldcorp’s Cerro Negro Mine began production and produced

about 4,700 kg of gold by yearend (Goldcorp Inc., 2015, p. 37).

Barrick’s Veladero Mine increased gold production owing to 

higher ore grade, which more than offset the decreases in mined 

ore owing to equipment availability issues (Barrick Gold Corp.,

2015a). Yamana Gold Inc.’s Gualcamayo Mine produce

5,610 kg of gold, almost a 50% increase from 2013 production 

owing to higher ore grade and the rampup of the underground 

operations (Yamana Gold Inc., 2015, p. 29, 40)

Australia.—In 2014, gold production in Australia was 

273,963 kg, slightly more than that in 2013. Production 

increased at recently commissioned mines—Andy Well 

(Doray Minerals Ltd.), Tropicana (AngloGold), Mount Carlt

(Evolution Mining Ltd.), and Tomingley (Alkane Resources

Ltd.)—and at some more established mines—Olympic D

copper mine (BHP Billiton Ltd.), Prominent Hill copper mine

(OZ Minerals Ltd.), and Ridgeway gold mine (Newcrest Minin

Ltd.). The increases were partially offset by production losses

at the Cowa (Barrick), Jundee [Northern Star Resources Ltd.

(purchased from Newmont in July 2014)], Mount Monger 

(Silver Lake Resources Ltd.), Ravenswood (Resolute Minin

Ltd.), St Ives (Gold Fields Ltd.), and Telfer (Newcres

Mines. Several smaller operations were placed on careand-maintenance status during 2013 and 2014 (AngloGold

Ashanti Ltd., 2015, p. 84–87; Barrick Gold Corp., 2015a

O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 43).

Brazil.—In 2014, gold production was estimated to be 

80,000 kg, a slight increase compared with that in 2013. Brio 

Gold Inc. (a subsidiary of Yamana Gold Inc.) complete

construction of the Pilar Mine in 2013 but the mine did not 

reach full production rate until the fourth quarter of 2014 

(Yamana Gold Inc., 2015, p. 34). Vale S.A.’s Salobo copper

mine continued to ramp up to full capacity and produced 

gold as a byproduct. These increases were partially offset by 

production losses from the closure of Aura Minerals Inc.’s São 

Vicente Mine and a decrease in ore grade at Beadell Resources 

Ltd.’s Tucano gold mine (Aura Minerals Inc., 2015, p. 2;

O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 39)

Burkina Faso.—In 2014, gold production was 36,199 kg, 

an 11% increase compared with 2013 gold production. The 

increase resulted from increased ore grades at the Essakane 

(IAMGOLD Corp.) and the Mana (SEMAFO Inc.) M

(O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 35)

Canada.—Canada’s gold mine output increased by 23% in 

2014 to 152,105 kg. Production increased primarily owing to the 

continued ramping up of the Detour Lake Mine, which poure

its first gold bar in February 2013 and produced 14,200 kg of 

gold in 2014 (Detour Gold Corp., 2015, p. 6). Other min

that had production increases were Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd.’s

Meadowbank and Goldex Mines. In 2014, the Meadowbank

Mine produced more than 14,000 kg of gold, 5% more than 

that in 2013 owing to higher than expected ore grades from 

the Goose pit. The Goldex Mine, which was restarted in lat

2013, produced 3,120 kg of gold in 2014 (Agnico Eagle Mines 

Ltd., 2015, p. 5). In mid-2014, Yamana and Agnico jointly 

purchased the Canadian Malartic Mine from Osisko Mining

Corp., and the mine produced 16,600 kg of gold in 2014, about 

13% more than in 2013 (Yamana Gold Inc., 2015, p. 40). The

Thompson Creek Metals Co. Inc.’s Mount Miligan copper 

mine started production in late 2013, and in 2014 the mine 

produced 5,500 kg of byproduct gold (Thompson Creek Metals 

Co. Inc., 2015). AuRico Gold Inc.’s Young-Davidson Min

produced more gold because of an increase in ore grade and 

mill throughput and Lake Shore Gold Corp.’s Timmins Wes

Mine produced more gold because of higher ore grade and mill 

throughput following a mill expansion in the third quarter of 

2013 (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 38)

Chile.—In 2014, gold production was 46,031 kg, a 10% 

decrease compared with 2013 production primarily owing 

to the suspension of mining at Kinross’s La Coipa Mine

in October 2013. Lower grades at the Centinela Min

(Antofagasta Plc, 70%, and Marubeni Corp., 30%) and El 
gold—2014 [ADVANCE RELEASE] 31

Peñón Mine (Yamana), the country’s leading gold mines, also 

contributed to the overall decrease. These more than offset 

the production increase at Kinross’s Maricunga Mine owing 

to higher ore grades and higher recovery rates (Kinross Gold

Corp., 2015, p. 30, 35; O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 39;

Yamana Gold Inc., 2015, p. 40)

China.—China’s gold production increased by about 5% to an 

estimated 450,000 kg in 2014, and China remained the leading 

gold-producing country for the eighth consecutive year. The 

main source of the increase was small and mid-sized miners 

that sell ores and concentrates to third party gold smelters 

(O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 40).

Congo (Kinshasa).—Estimated gold production increased by 

15,000 kg to 32,000 kg owing to the continued establishment of 

the formal mining sector. The Kibali Mine (Randgold Resources 

Ltd., 45%; AngloGold, 45%; and Société Minière de KiloMoto, 10%) was commissioned in the first quarter of 201

and produced 16,400 kg of gold in 2014 (Randgold Resources 

Ltd., 2015, p. 59). Banro Corp. completed a plant expansion at

the Twangiza Mine in the first half of 2014 and produced over 

3,000 kg of gold during the year, a 19% increase compared with 

production in 2013. Banro’s Namoya Mine began construction 

in the first quarter of 2014 and produced 569 kg of gold by 

yearend (Banro Corp., 2015, p. 64–67).

Côte d’Ivoire.—In 2014, gold production in Côte d’Ivoire 

increased to 17,318 kg, an increase of 34% compared with that 

of 2013. The increase was from Endeavour Mining Corp.’s 

Agbaou Mine, which achieved commercial production in 

late January and produced 4,560 kg of gold during the year 

(Endeavour Mining Corp., 2015, p. 2). 

Dominican Republic.—In 2014, gold production in the 

Dominican Republic was 35,081 kg of gold, 34% more than in

2013. The Pueblo Viejo Mine, a joint venture between Barrick 

(60%) and Goldcorp (40%), reached full production capacity

in the second quarter of 2014 and produced about 34,400 kg of 

gold, 36% more than in 2013 (Barrick Gold Corp., 2015a)

Ghana.—Production of gold in 2014 was 90,754 kg, which 

was slightly more than that of 2013. The increase was primarily 

from Newmont’s Akyem Mine, which produced 14,700 kg 

of gold in its first full year of operations. Other operations 

produced less gold in 2014. Newmont’s Ahafo operation 

produced 13,700 kg of gold, 22% less than in 2013 because of 

lower ore grade and mill throughput. Gold Fields’s Tarkwa Mine

and Golden Star Resource Ltd.’s Wassa Mine processed highe

grade ore, but not enough to offset the lower mill throughputs. 

Decreased production from AngloGold’s Iduapriem Mine wa

the result of processing more stockpile material of lower ore 

grade (AngloGold Ashanti Ltd., 2015, p. 78; Newmont Minin

Corp., 2015, p. 40, 76; O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 35)

Indonesia.—In 2014, gold production increased by 16% to 

69,100 kg. Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc.’s Grasber

operations, which included the Grasberg open pit and Dee

Ore Zone and the Big Gossan underground mines, produce

35,200 kg of gold as a byproduct of copper and accounted 

for 51% of gold production in Indonesia. Gold Production

at Grasberg was slightly more than that in 2013 owing to

an increase in ore grades even though there was a reduction 

in mining owing to underground development activities. 

Newmont’s Batu Hijau copper mine produced 2,360 kg, 58% 

more than in 2013 owing to higher ore grades and increased 

recovery rates (Freeport-McMoRan Inc., 2015, p. 30; Newmont 

Mining Corp., 2015, p. 76). In 2014, production at the 

Gosowong Mine (Newcrest, 75%, and PT Antam (Persero) Tbk,

25%) increased by about 1,000 kg owing to increases in ore 

grade. The North Lanut and the startup of the Seruyung mines

[jointly owned by PT J Resources Asia Pasifik Tbk (79.1%) and 

Sumatra Copper & Gold Plc. (20%)] combined for a 3,000-kg

increase in production in 2014. Production increases more 

than offset the production decreases at the Martabe gold mine 

(G-Resources Group Ltd, 95%, and Pt Artha Nugraha Agun

5%) and Mt Muro Mine (Aeris Resources Ltd.), which ceased

mining during 2014 (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 41)

Kazakhstan.—In 2014, reported gold mine production was 

49,207 kg, a 16% increase from 2013 production. The main 

reason for the increase was from the state-owned Tau-Ken 

Samruk Mine, which started developing the Eshkeolmes deposit. 

In 2014, Kaz Minerals produced slightly less gold owing to a 

drop in ore grade at the Artemyevsky Mine and production at 

Glencore’s mines decreased by 13% because of lower ore grade

at the Vasilkovskye Mine (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 41)

Mexico.—In 2014, reported gold mine production in Mexico 

was 117,717 kg, a slight decrease from 2013 production. The 

decrease was owing to lower ore grades at the Cerro San Pedro 

(New Gold), El Sauzal (Goldcorp), Los Filos (Goldcor

Mulatos (Alamos Gold Inc.), and Palmarejo (Coeur) Mines. 

Decreased production was also recorded at the Cieneguita

(Pan American Goldfields Ltd.), Mina Moris (Hochschild 

Mining Plc), and Soledad-Dipolos [Fresnillo plc (formerly a

joint venture with Newmont)] Mines, all of which suspended 

operation during the year. These production decreases were 

partially offset by increased production from the El Concheño 

(Minera Frisco S.A.B. de C.V.) and La India (Agnico Eagle)

Mines, both of which were commissioned in 2014, and 

Goldcorp’s Peñasquito Mine, where production increased by

5,100 kg owing to increases in ore grade, recovery rate, and 

mill throughput (Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd., 2015, p. 8; Coeur

Mining, Inc., 2015, p. 4; Fresnillo plc, 2015, p. 66; Goldcorp

Inc., 2015, p. 25–30; O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 41; Minera

Frisco S.A.B. de C.V., 2015, p. 30; New Gold Inc., 2015, p. 39)

Peru.—In 2014, gold production was estimated at 

140,000 kg, 8% less than in 2013. The leading gold mine in 

Peru, the Yanacocha Mine, jointly owned by Newmont and Cia 

de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A., produced about 30,000 kg, 

5% less than in 2013 owing to lower heap leach production 

(Newmont Mining Corp., 2015, p. 74). Owing to the drop in

the gold price, several mines, including Ares (Hochschild), 

Coricancha (Nystar N.V.), and Pierina (Barrick), were placed 

on care-and-maintenance status. According to the Ministry 

of Energy and Mines, government programs intended to 

formalize small-scale mining and curtail illegal mining led 

to an 8,000-kg drop in output in the Madre de Dios Region

(O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 39).

Russia.—In 2014, Russia was estimated to have produced 

247,000 kg of gold, 7% more than 2013 production. Production 

at Kinross’s Kupol Mine in 2014 was estimated to be 

23,400 kg, a 37% increase compared with 2013 production 
31.6 [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YE

owing to higher grade ore from the Dvoinoye operation

(Kinross Gold Corp., 2015, p. 31).

In 2014, production from Polymetal International Plc’s 

Mayskoye Mine increased to 4,450 kg in the first full year of 

production, and output from its Omolon operations increased

to about 7,000 kg, a 43% increase compared with that of 2013 

(Polymetal International Plc, 2015, p. 29–32). 

Production also increased at the OJSC Polyus Gold’

Verninskoye operation by about 2,000 kg owing to increases in 

ore grades and at its Olimpiada operations owing to an increase

in throughput. Gold byproduct production from Russia’s

base-metal producers increased by about 2,000 kg from 2013 

production (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 42). Production

from Highland Gold Mining Ltd.’s Belaya Gora Mines, whi

began mid-2013, increased to 1,200 kg from 220 kg in 2013 

(Highland Gold Mining Ltd., 2015, p. 13)

In 2014, Petropavlovsk PLC operations produced 19,400 kg

of gold, 16% less than produced in 2013. The only operation 

that increased production was Albyn, which produced 5,790 kg, 

or 38% more than 2013, owing to an increase in ore grade. 

The Pioneer, Pokrovskiy, and Molomir Mines and alluvial 

operations produced less gold owing to a drop in ore grade 

(Petropavlovsk PLC, 2015, p. 41–47).

South Africa.—After a modest increase in gold mine output 

in South Africa in 2013, gold production decreased by 5% 

in 2014 owing to decreased production from AngloGold’s

South Deep Mine, which suspended underground mining for

4 months while a ground support improvement project was 

implemented. Despite higher ore grades, gold production

was lower at AngloGold’s Mponeng Mine and Harmony

Gold Mining Co. Ltd.’s Doornkop Mine, owing to low

mill throughput (AngloGold Ashanti Ltd., 2015, p. 70–76

O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 34–35).

Sudan.—In 2014, gold exports from Sudan were estimated to 

be 73,300 kg, 5% greater than that of 2013. Output from smallscale operations increased from lower-than-average production

levels in 2013 (O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 37).

Turkey.—In 2014, gold production was estimated to 

have decreased by 12% to 30,000 kg mainly because gold 

production at the Çöpler Mine (Alacer Gold Corp., 80%,

and Calik Holding AS, 20%) decreased by 16% to about 

7,000 kg owing to a significant decrease in processed ore grade 

(Alacer Gold Corp., 2015, p. 14).

Uzbekistan.—In 2014, gold production increased slightly 

following improved operation efficiencies at Navoi Mining 

and Metallurgical Combinat’s Muruntau Mine and the 

development and modernization at its Kochbulak Mine 

(O’Connell and others, 2015, p. 41)

Outlook

Historically, investors have purchased gold as a safe haven, a 

hedge against economic failures, a portfolio diversifier, and as a 

store of wealth. In 2015, anticipated global consumption of gold 

is expected to remain unchanged because gold consumption in 

jewelry and other industries is expected to decrease while gold 

demand from investors is expected to increase. Worldwide gold 

production is expected to remain unchanged in 2015 owing to 

the startup of new mines, the rampup of recently developed 

mines, and the selective mining at some mines to increase ore 

grades and reduce operating costs, being offset by the shutdown 

of high-cost operations.

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integrated report: Johannesburg, South Africa, AngloGold Ashanti Ltd.

148 p. (Accessed March 9, 2015, at http://www.anglogoldashanti.com/en/

Media/Reports/Annual%20Reports/AGA-IR14.pdf.

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year ended December 31, 2014: Golden, CO, Atna Resources Ltd., 50

(Accessed April 30, 2015, at http://www.atna.com/i/pdf/MDA 2014 Final

unlinkedCorrect.pdf.)

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months ended March 31, 2015: Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Aura Minerals Inc.,

May 11, 22 p. (Accessed June 6, 2015, at http://s1.q4cdn.com/557075924/

files/doc_financials_mda/2015/q1/FINAL-Q1-MDA.pdf.)

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2013: Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Banro Corp., 85 p. (Accessed June 6, 2015,

at http://www.banro.com/assets/docs/fs/2014AnnualReport.pdf.)

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Ontario, Canada, Barrick Gold Corp., 6 p. (Accessed February 23, 2015, a

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minerals: The New York Times, September 7. (Accessed April 8, 2016, at 

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/08/business/dealbook/companies-struggleto-comply-with-conflict-minerals-rule.html?_r=0.) 

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results: Chicago, IL, Coeur Mining, Inc. press release, February 18, 17 p.

(Accessed February 24, 2014, at http://investors.coeur.com/file.aspx?IID=434

9317&FID=1500068555.)

Detour Gold Corp., 2015, Management’s discussion and analysis—For the year

ended December 31, 2014 and 2013: Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Detour G

Corp., 45 p. (Accessed April 3, 2015, at http://s1.q4cdn.com/320803946/files/

doc_financials/DGC-Q4-14-MDA-SEDAR_v001_c82jye.pdf.)

Endeavour Mining Corp., 2015, Management’s discussion and analysis 

of results of operations and financial condition—For the year ended 

December 31, 2014: George Town, Cayman Islands [United Kingdom]

Endeavour Mining Corp., 85 p. (Accessed March 31, 2015, at 

https://www.endeavourmining.com/assets/docs/fs/2014-fs-q4.pdf.)

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mineral industry 2014: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysics Surve

Special Report 70, 53 p. plus appendixes.

Freeport-McMoRan Inc., 2015, Value at our core—2014 annual report: 

Phoenix, AZ, Freeport-McMoRan Inc., 114 p. (Accessed April 8, 2016, 

at http://s2.q4cdn.com/089924811/files/doc_financials/annual/2014/

FCX_AR_2014.pdf.)

Fresnillo plc, 2015, Financial results for the year ending 31 December 2014:

Mexico City, Mexico, Fresnillo plc, 71 p. (Accessed April 7, 2016, at 

http://www.fresnilloplc.com/media/168918/fresnillo-fy14-results.pdf.) 

Goldcorp Inc., 2015, Management’s discussion and analysis of financial 

condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2014:

Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Goldcorp Inc., 135 p. (Accessed May 9, 2015, a

http://s1.q4cdn.com/038672619/files/MDA-and-Financials-2014-FINAL_

v001_s1e6s5.pdf.)

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p. 26–27.
gold—2014 [ADVANCE RELEASE] 31

Highland Gold Mining Ltd., 2015, Annual report & accounts 2014: St. Helier

Jersey [United Kingdom], Highland Gold Mining Ltd., 88 p. (Accesse

June 14, 2015, at http://www.highlandgold.com/upload/iblock/ade/

ade543c165f18965472b88c75288e1de.pdf.)

Kinross Gold Corp., 2015, 2014 annual report—Delivering results: Toronto

Ontario, Canada, Kinross Gold Corp., 148 p. (Accessed February 23, 2015

at http://s2.q4cdn.com/496390694/files/doc_financials/annual/2014/kinross2014-annual-report.pdf.)

Klondex Mines Ltd., 2015, Annual report 2014—Pursuing a dream—Building

a legacy: Reno, NV, Klondex Mines Ltd. (Accessed March 31, 2015, via

https://ar2014.klondexmines.com.)

Minera Frisco S.A.B. de C.V., 2015, 2014 annual report: Mexico City, 

Mexico, Minera Frisco S.A.B. de C.V., 112 p. (Accessed April 7, 2016, at 

https://minerafriscomx-public.sharepoint.com/ENInvestor_relationsfinancial_

reportinganual_repor/2014.pdf.)

 New Gold Inc., 2015, 2014 financial review: Vancouver, British Columbia, 

Canada, New Gold Inc., 146 p. (Accessed February 24, 2014, at

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Gold_Financial_Review_2014_posting_v001_p62ay4.pdf.)

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report and form 10–K: Greenwood Village, CO, Newmont Mining Corp.

176 p. (Accessed March 31, 2015, at http://s1.q4cdn.com/259923520/files/

doc_financials/annual/861753_as-printed-Annual-Report_2014_v001_

e83uds.pdf.)

O’Connell, Rhona, Tankard, William, Alexander, Cameron, Leyland, Andrew

Strachan, Ross, Piggott, Matthew, Litosh, Saida, Nambiath, Sudheesh,

Tourney, Janette, Wiebe, Johanna, Wong, Ling, Rannestad, Erica, Li, Samson

Zhao, Sara, Scott-Grey, Natalie, Aranda, Dante, Rodwell, Gregory, Bed

John, Salmon, Beverly, and Troman-Taylor, Milo, 2015, GFMS gold survey

2014: London, United Kingdom, Thomson Reuters Ltd., April, 116 

Perry, Rich, and Visher, Mike, 2015, Major mines of Nevada 2014: Nevada 

Bureau of Mines and Geology, Special Publication P–26, 28 p

Petropavlovsk PLC, 2015, Annual report 2014: London, United Kingdom

Petropavlovsk PLC, 180 p. (Accessed June 14, 2015, at

http://www.petropavlovsk.net/images/stories/FinancialsAnnualReports/

POG_Annual_Report_2014.pdf.)

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value—Annual report 2014: St. Helier, Jersey [United Kingdom], 

Polymetal International Plc, 83 p. (Accessed June 14, 2015, at 

http://www.polymetalinternational.com/~/media/Files/P/Polymetal/Annual 

Reports/2014_Polymetal_Annual_Report_eng_2704.pdf.)

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Kingdom], Randgold Resources Ltd., 258 p. (Accessed June 6, 2015, at

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files/Annual Report 2014_0.pdf.)

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shareholder returns: London, United Kingdom, Rio Tinto plc, 232 p.

(Accessed March 31, 2015, at http://www.riotinto.com/documents/

RT_Annual_report_2014.pdf.)

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Exploration budget by target, 2014: Charlottesville, VA, SNL Metals &

Mining, 66 p. (Accessed December 3, 2014, via http://www.snl.com/.

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production results and announces 2015 guidance: Denver, CO, Thompso

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at http://www.thompsoncreekmetals.com/index.php/investor/newsreleases/2015/245-thompson-creek-reports-2014-production-results-andannounces-2015-guidance.)

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(Accessed March 31, 2015, via http://www.usmint.gov.)

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U.S. Government Printing Office, July 21, 2223 p. 

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http://s2.q4cdn.com/271094385/files/doc_financials/annual/2014/

2014-Yamana-AR-27-03-15-final-lowres.pdf.)

GENERAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION

U.S. Geological Survey Publications

Conflict Minerals from the Democratic Republic of the Congo—

Gold Supply Chain. Fact Sheet 2015–3075, 2015

Estimated Water Requirements for Gold Heap-leach Operations

Open-File Report 2012–1085, 2012

Geology and Resources of Gold in the United States. Bulleti

1857, 1988.

Gold. Ch. in Mineral Commodity Summaries, annual

Gold. Ch. in United States Mineral Resources, Professional

Paper 820, 1973.

Gold. Mineral Industry Surveys, monthly

Gold (Au). Ch. in Metal Prices in the United States Through

2010, Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5188, 2013.

Gold Recycling in the United States in 1998. Ch. in Flow

Studies for Recycling Metal Commodities in the United 

States, Circular 1196–A–M, 2004.

Historical Statistics for Mineral and Material Commodities in 

the United States. Data Series 140

Principal Gold Producing Districts of the United States

Professional Paper 610, 1968.

Review of Selected Global Mineral Industries in 2011 and an

Outlook to 2017. Open-File Report 2013–1091, 201

Other

Gold. Ch. in Mineral Facts and Problems, U.S. Bureau of Mines

Bulletin 675, 1985.

World Gold—A Minerals Availability Appraisal. U.S. Bureau of

Mines Special Publication 24, 1994.
31.8 [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YE

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

United States:

Production:

Mine:

Quantity kilograms 231,000 234,000 235,000 230,000 210,000

Value thousands $9,130,000 $11,800,000 $12,600,000 $10,400,000 $8,570,000

gold recovered by cyanidation:

Extracted in vats, tanks, closed containers2 kilograms W W W W W

leached in open heaps or dumps3 do. 193,000 201,000 206,000 196,000 r 185,000

Refinery:

Concentrates and dore do. 175,000 220,000 222,000 223,000 203,000

Recycled materials (new and old scrap) do. 198,000 263,000 215,000 210,000 161,000

Exports, refined bullion do. 295,000 426,000 373,000 489,000 379,000

Imports for consumption, refined bullion do. 198,000 156,000 107,000 98,600 121,000

Net deliveries from foreign stocks in the Federal Reserve 

Bank of New York do. -- 3,670 -- -5,160 -1,490

Stocks, december 31:

Industry4 do. 6,810 6,470 4,070 5,940 6,750

gold exchange traded funds holdings5 do. 2,210,000 2,410,000 2,690,000 1,810,000 2,280,000

CoMEX inventories do. 361,000 353,000 344,000 243,000 325,000

U.S. department of the Treasury do. 8,140,000 8,140,000 8,140,000 8,140,000 8,140,000

U.S. gold Futures Trading6 do. 139,000,000 153,000,000 137,000,000 147,000,000 144,000,000

Consumption:

American Buffalo gold bullion coin7 do. 6,500 5,430 2,460 7,430 5,460

American Eagle gold bullion coin7 do. 38,000 31,100 23,400 24,100 29,200

Jewelry industry and the arts do. 180,000 168,000 147,000 160,000 164,000

Price, average8 dollars per troy ounce 1,230.00 1,570.00 1,670.00 1,420.00 1,270.00

Employment, mine and mill only9 10,300 11,100 12,700 13,000 11,800

World:

Production, mine kilograms 2,600,000 r 2,670,000 r 2,750,000 r 2,920,000 r 3,010,000 e

official bullion reserves10 do. 30,700,000 31,100,000 31,700,000 31,900,000 31,400,000

10Held by central banks, governments, and international monetary organizations. data from the International Monetary Fund.

TABlE 1

SAlIENT gold STATISTICS1

e

Estimated. rRevised. do. ditto. W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. -- Zero. 1

data are rounded to no more than three significant digits, except prices.

2

May include small quantities recovered by gravity methods.

3

May include tailings, waste-ore dumps, and previously mined ore at some inactive mines.

4

Unfabricated refined gold held by refiners, fabricators, dealers, and the U.S. department of defense.

5

data from CPM group.

6

CoMEX only.

7

data from U.S. Mint.

8

Engelhard quotation.

9

data from the Mine Safety and Health Administration.

State 2013 2014

Alaska 32,200 31,400

Nevada 170,000 151,000

other States2 27,800 27,800

Total 230,000 210,000

2

Includes Arizona, California, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, South dakota, Utah, 

and Washington.

TABlE 2

MINE PRodUCTIoN oF gold IN THE UNITEd STATES, BY STATE1

(Kilograms)

1

data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.
gold—2014 [ADVANCE RELEASE] 31

Quantity

Rank Mine County and State2 Majority owner3 (kilograms)

1 Carlin Mines operations4 Elko, Eureka, and, Humboldt, NV Newmont Mining Corp. 28,200

2 Cortez Eureka and lander, NV Barrick gold Corp. 28,100

2 goldstrike Elko and Eureka, NV do. 28,100

4 Twin Creeks Humboldt, NV Newmont Mining Corp. 12,100

5 Fort Knox Eastern Interior Region, AK Kinross gold Corp. 12,000 5

6 Pogo do. Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. (85%), Sumitomo Corp. (15%) 10,600

7 Smoky Valley Common operation Nye, NV Kinross gold Corp. (50%), Barrick gold Corp. (50%) 10,200

8 Turquoise Ridge Humboldt, NV Barrick gold Corp. (75%), Newmont Mining Corp (25%) 8,090

9 Bingham Canyon Salt lake, UT Kennecott Utah Copper Corp.6 8,080 7

10 Hycroft Humboldt and Pershing, NV Allied Nevada gold Corp. 6,670

11 Cripple Creek8 Teller, Co Anglogold Ashanti ltd. 6,560

11 Phoenix lander, NV Newmont Mining Corp. 6,560

13 Marigold Humboldt, NV Silver Standard Resources Inc.9 5,050

14 Bald Mountain White Pine, NV Barrick gold Corp. 5,010

15 Jerritt Canyon Elko, NV Veris gold Corp. 5,000

16 Kettle River-Buckhorn okanogan, WA Kinross gold Corp. 3,840 5

17 Kensington Southeastern Region, AK Coeur Mining, Inc. 3,660

18 Mesquite Imperial, CA New gold Inc. 3,320

19 Wharf lawrence, Sd goldcorp Inc. 2,920

20 Midas Elko and lander, NV Klondex Mines ltd.10 2,730

21 golden Sunlight Jefferson, MT Barrick gold Corp. 2,680

22 greens Creek Southeastern Region, AK Hecla Mining Co. 1,830

23 Rochester Pershing, NV Coeur Mining, Inc. 1,400

24 Mineral Ridge Esmeralda, NV Scorpio gold Corp. 1,270

25 Florida Canyon Pershing, NV Jipangu Inc. 1,250

26 Ruby Hill Eureka, NV Barrick gold Corp. 1,030

27 Briggs Inyo, CA Atna Resources ltd. 960

28 denton-Rawhide Mineral, NV Rawhide Mining, llC 885

29 Robinson White Pine, NV KgHM International ltd. 778

Sources: Company annual reports, company 10–K reports submitted to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, company news releases,

and the Nevada Bureau of Mines and geology.

7

Quantity refers to total quantity of gold produced in concentrates.

8

Formerly listed as the Cresson Mine.

9

Silver Standard Resources Inc. accrued 100% interest on April 4, 2014, from Barrick gold Corp. and goldcorp Inc.

10Klondex Mines ltd. acquired 100% interest on February 10, 2014, from Newmont Mining Corp. Totals also include production from 

Fire Creek Mine in lander County.

Alaska’s mineral industry 2014—Exploration activity.

3

When multiple owners are listed, the operating owner is listed first, and when only one owner is listed, the company has full ownership.

4

Includes four open pit operations and four underground operations. Does not include Phoenix, Twin Creeks, and joint venture underground Turquoise Ridge 

Mines, which are listed separately.

5

Quantity refers to total gold equivalent.

6

Wholly owned subsidiary of Rio Tinto plc.

TABlE 3

lEAdINg gold-PRodUCINg MINES IN THE UNITEd STATES IN 2014, IN oRdER oF oUTPUT1

do. ditto.

1

data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; the operations listed accounted for more than 99% of U.S. gold production in 2014.

2

For Alaska, mines are located by geographic region, as delineated by the Alaska division of geological & geophysical Surveys in its Special Report 70,
31.10 [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YE

Value Value Value Value

Year and country Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands)

2013 7,210 $316,000 195,000 $8,390,000 489,000 $22,800,000 691,000 $31,500,000

2014:

Australia -- -- 11 473 6,420 271,000 6,430 272,000

Austria -- -- -- -- 38 1,710 38 1,710

Belgium 137 5,990 -- -- -- -- 137 5,990

Canada 1 39 141 5,920 3,160 132,000 3,300 138,000

Cayman Islands -- -- 36 1,590 5 230 41 1,820

Chile -- -- 2 67 10 418 12 485

China 2,310 91,000 -- -- 10,300 393,000 12,600 484,000

dominican Republic 581 24,900 -- -- -- -- 581 24,900

germany -- -- (5) 8 232 9,400 232 9,400

guatemala -- -- -- -- 18 781 18 781

Hong Kong 31 1,360 3 111 147,000 5,870,000 147,000 5,870,000

India -- -- 11,500 470,000 15,800 617,000 27,300 1,090,000

Israel -- -- 12 493 14 672 26 1,170

Italy -- -- (5) 4 4 183 4 187

Japan 1,260 53,700 -- -- 1,010 39,500 2,270 93,200

Jordan -- -- -- -- 400 15,300 400 15,300

laos -- -- -- -- 10 403 10 403

Malaysia -- -- -- -- 10 380 10 380

Mexico 12 580 -- -- 421 17,100 434 17,700

Netherlands -- -- -- -- 12 575 12 575

oman -- -- -- -- 809 33,000 809 33,000

Panama -- -- (5) 3 3 122 3 125

Peru -- -- -- -- 4 168 4 168

Singapore -- -- 1 28 9,450 376,000 9,450 376,000

Switzerland (5) 18 85,700 3,500,000 87,600 3,570,000 173,000 7,070,000

Thailand (5) 4 -- -- 13,800 548,000 13,800 548,000

Turkey -- -- 614 24,300 1,000 37,600 1,620 61,900

United Arab Emirates -- -- 19,400 791,000 890 35,700 20,300 826,000

United Kingdom (5) 14 -- -- 80,000 3,280,000 80,000 3,280,000

Vietnam -- -- -- -- 10 409 10 409

other 1 63 1 41 10 454 12 559

Total 4,340 178,000 117,000 4,790,000 379,000 15,200,000 500,000 20,200,000

Source: U.S. Census Bureau.

-- Zero.

1

data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.

2

Ash and residues data were zero for listed years.

3

Includes base-metal ores, concentrates, and matte destined for refining.

4

Bullion also moves in both directions between U.S. markets and foreign stocks on deposit in the Federal Reserve Bank. Monetary gold is excluded. 

5

less than 1⁄2 unit.

TABlE 4

U.S. EXPoRTS oF gold, BY CoUNTRY1, 2

(Kilograms, gold content unless otherwise specified)

ores and concentrates3 dore and precipitates Refined bullion4 Total
gold—2014 [ADVANCE RELEASE] 31.

Value Value Value

Year and country Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands)

2013 128,000 $951,000 269 $8,650 1,170,000 $92,100

2014:

Australia -- -- (2) 3 158 462

Belgium 38,200 43,500 -- -- 5 73

Brazil -- -- -- -- 464 24

Canada 25,100 629,000 798 33,400 825 7,250

China 70 828 13 395 982 15,300

Costa Rica -- -- 24 202 225 4,650

dominican Republic -- -- 5 141 230 413

Ecuador -- -- -- -- 260 17

germany 814 20,800 12 82 143 210

Hong Kong (2) 6 28 715 41 571

India 1 24 126 5,050 28 160

Ireland -- -- -- -- 40 1,690

Italy 3,560 12,900 -- -- 1 3

Japan 525 13,000 24 502 373 81

Korea, Republic of 188 132 6 67 273 2,690

Malaysia -- -- -- -- 506 12,300

Mexico -- -- (2) 3 759 25,400

Netherlands -- -- 4 155 19 393

Peru -- -- -- -- 133 63

Philippines -- -- -- -- 444 200

Singapore 30 42 1 5 6,120 23,700

Sweden 70 484 -- -- 1 3

Switzerland 826 18,400 -- -- 13 55

Taiwan -- -- 2 74 448 2,640

Thailand -- -- 3 72 21 164

United Kingdom 76,400 62,100 77 2,170 82 478

Vietnam -- -- 32 1,010 2 4

other 1 39 15 169 241 306

Total 146,000 802,000 1,170 44,200 12,800 99,200

Source: U.S. Census Bureau.

TABlE 5

U.S. EXPoRTS oF gold, BY CoUNTRY1

(Kilograms, gross weight unless otherwise specified)

Waste and scrap Metal powder gold compounds

-- Zero.

1

data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.

2

less than 1⁄2 unit.
31.12 [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YE

Value Value Value Value

Year and country Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands)

2013 369 $18,200 216,000 $9,610,000 98,600 $4,430,000 315,000 $14,100,000

2014:

Argentina -- -- 461 21,500 530 25,500 991 47,000

Aruba -- -- 33 1,410 -- -- 33 1,410

Australia -- -- 4 188 63 3,350 67 3,540

Belgium -- -- 1 43 6 227 7 270

Bolivia -- -- 32,200 1,320,000 646 26,600 32,900 1,350,000

Brazil -- -- 1,270 51,400 2,900 116,000 4,170 168,000

Burkina Faso -- -- 35 1,520 -- -- 35 1,520

Canada 347 12,600 3,630 148,000 75,200 3,100,000 79,200 3,260,000

Cayman Islands -- -- 136 5,340 32 1,340 168 6,680

Chile -- -- 2,760 120,000 258 10,100 3,020 130,000

China -- -- 2 87 4 176 6 264

Colombia -- -- 34,700 1,350,000 2 85 34,700 1,350,000

Costa Rica -- -- 102 4,210 3 127 105 4,340

Curacao -- -- 1,010 41,700 12 482 1,020 42,200

dominican Republic -- -- 1,600 63,100 8 353 1,610 63,400

Ecuador -- -- 22,900 909,000 384 15,200 23,300 924,000

France -- -- -- -- 294 12,100 294 12,100

germany -- -- -- -- 42 1,860 42 1,860

ghana -- -- 261 11,600 61 2,410 322 14,000

guatemala -- -- 5,810 361,000 -- -- 5,810 361,000

guinea -- -- 7 248 -- -- 7 248

guyana -- -- 7,440 302,000 1,080 43,100 8,520 345,000

Honduras -- -- 1,340 54,400 2,500 104,000 3,840 158,000

Hong Kong -- -- (4) 9 18 749 18 758

Israel -- -- -- -- 6 258 6 258

Jamaica -- -- 28 1,110 -- -- 28 1,110

lebanon -- -- 5 240 -- -- 5 240

Mexico 92 773 44,300 1,890,000 21,200 863,000 65,600 2,760,000

Netherlands -- -- 5 238 -- -- 5 238

Nicaragua -- -- 4,560 184,000 44 1,740 4,610 186,000

Panama -- -- 193 8,010 433 17,400 627 25,400

Paraguay -- -- 111 4,570 50 1,960 161 6,520

Peru 5 177 18,000 739,000 40 1,700 18,100 741,000

South Africa -- -- -- -- 7,980 333,000 7,980 333,000

Suriname -- -- 725 28,200 -- -- 725 28,200

Sweden -- -- -- -- 7 264 7 264

Switzerland 66 2,930 500 21,400 7,590 318,000 8,160 342,000

United Arab Emirates -- -- 3 116 2 98 5 215

United Kingdom -- -- (4) 12 35 1,510 35 1,520

Venezuela -- -- 2,150 89,100 7 293 2,160 89,400

other -- -- 13 554 17 708 30 1,260

Total 510 16,500 186,000 7,740,000 121,000 5,010,000 308,000 12,800,000

Source: U.S. Census Bureau.

-- Zero.

1

data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.

2

Includes base-metal ores, concentrates, and matte destined for refining.

3

Bullion also moves in both directions between U.S. markets and foreign stocks on deposit in the Federal Reserve Bank. Monetary gold is excluded.

4

less than 1⁄2 unit.

TABlE 6

U.S. IMPoRTS FoR CoNSUMPTIoN oF gold, BY CoUNTRY1

(Kilograms, gold content unless otherwise specified)

ores and concentrates2 dore and precipitates Refined bullion3 Total
gold—2014 [ADVANCE RELEASE] 31.

Value Value Value

Year and country Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands) Quantity (thousands)

2013 286,000 $1,220,000 4,050 $9,550 17,100 $1,080

2014:

Aruba 126 3,140 -- -- -- --

Australia 26 769 (2) 2 -- --

Austria 60 916 -- -- -- --

Bahamas, The 172 3,250 -- -- -- --

Barbados 119 1,660 -- -- -- --

Bermuda 45 913 -- -- -- --

Bolivia 1,590 43,300 -- -- -- --

Canada 8,420 160,000 5 39 -- --

Cayman Islands 53 1,220 -- -- -- --

China 509 590 -- -- 1 15

Colombia 388 10,800 -- -- -- --

Costa Rica 3,830 22,200 28 251 -- --

Curacao 181 4,650 -- -- -- --

dominica 13 274 -- -- -- --

dominican Republic 3,750 42,700 -- -- -- --

El Salvador 1,140 22,000 -- -- -- --

France 187 3,950 -- -- -- --

French Polynesia 39 556 -- -- -- --

germany 1,370 32,700 427 4,770 12 268

guadeloupe 23 682 -- -- -- --

guatemala 1,600 25,700 -- -- -- --

guyana 1,010 35,100 -- -- -- --

Honduras 1,320 32,600 (2) 6 -- --

Hong Kong 40 1,030 -- -- 1 7

India 17 280 -- -- -- --

Ireland 31 791 -- -- -- --

Israel 2,560 2,270 1 7 -- --

Italy 23 496 1 26 13 71

Jamaica 744 13,300 -- -- -- --

Japan 2 47 6 100 1,710 3,520

Malaysia 21 539 -- -- -- --

Martinique 127 3,660 4 104 -- --

Mexico 16,600 317,000 36 313 -- --

Netherlands 457 12,000 -- -- -- --

Nicaragua 947 22,700 -- -- -- --

Panama 546 11,600 -- -- -- --

Paraguay 14 486 -- -- -- --

Philippines 224 4,620 -- -- -- --

Portugal 21 601 -- -- -- --

Sierra leone -- -- 52 554 -- --

Sint Maarten 23 579 -- -- -- --

Spain 725 18,700 -- -- -- --

St. lucia 61 716 -- -- -- --

Switzerland -- -- 15 609 3 14

Thailand 23 302 -- -- -- --

Trinidad and Tobago 59 774 -- -- -- --

United Kingdom 4,480 101,000 19 415 67 166

other 126 1,510 2 18 6 25

Total 53,800 965,000 596 7,210 1,810 4,090

Source: U.S. Census Bureau.

TABlE 7 

U.S. IMPoRTS FoR CoNSUMPTIoN oF gold, BY CoUNTRY1

(Kilograms, gross weight unless otherwise specified)

Waste and scrap Metal powder gold compounds

-- Zero.

1

data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.

2

less than 1⁄2 unit.
31.14 [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YE

Country3 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014e

Afghanistan NA NA NA 30 50

Algeria 723 449 r 264 r 140 r 200

Argentina 63,138 59,140 54,651 50,650 59,000

Armenia 2,098 2,736 2,896 3,473 r 4,700

Australia 261,000 260,000 252,000 268,000 r 273,963 4

Azerbaijan 2,092 1,775 1,563 1,619 1,873 4

Bolivia 6,394 6,513 7,047 r 18,127 r 39,152 4

Botswana 1,774 1,562 r 1,096 r 1,206 r 884 4

Brazil 62,047 65,209 66,773 79,573 r 80,000

Bulgariae 4,490 r 5,300 r 7,060 r 7,390 r 8,000

Burkina Faso5 22,939 31,774 28,939 r 32,714 r 36,199 4

Burma NA r NA r 787 r 893 r 900

Burundie 300 300 400 400 400

Cameroone 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,600 r 1,500

Canada 102,693 102,624 107,498 r 124,054 152,105 4

Central African Republice 60 50 60 60 r 60

Chile 39,494 45,137 49,936 51,309 46,031 4

Chinae 345,000 362,000 405,000 430,000 450,000

Colombia 53,605 55,908 66,178 55,745 57,015 4

Congo (Brazzaville)e 150 150 150 150 150

Congo (Kinshasa)e 12,000 3,500 14,000 17,000 32,000

Costa Ricae 300 500 400 400 400

Côte d’Ivoire 5,310 11,009 r 10,943 r 12,949 r 17,318 4

denmark6 -- 103 r 307 r 100 r --

dominican Republic 533 495 4,106 26,083 r 35,081 4

Ecuador7 4,593 4,923 r 5,139 r 8,676 r 7,323 4

Egypt 2,087 6,304 r 8,175 11,101 r 11,734 4

Eritrea 50 e 11,788 9,735 2,862 r 1,000

Ethiopia8 6,773 10,891 12,311 12,581 12,500

Fiji 1,856 1,622 1,653 1,240 1,160

Finland 7,628 8,461 10,814 9,981 9,385 4

Francee 1,500 -- r -- -- --

French guianae 1,140 1,130 r 1,460 r 1,600 r 1,600

gabone, 9 -- r -- r 670 1,140 r 1,240

georgiae 5,000 r 7,000 r 3,900 10 4,300 10 4,000

ghana 76,332 r, 11 82,598 r 86,972 r 89,224 r 90,754 4

greecee 500 4 500 600 1,400 r 800

guatemala 9,213 11,898 6,473 6,386 r 5,928 4

guinea 15,217 r 15,695 r 14,790 r 14,147 r 16,955 4

guyana 9,594 11,293 13,643 14,964 12,053 4

Honduras 2,197 1,893 1,858 1,985 r 2,762 4

India12 2,320 r 2,245 r 1,740 r 1,570 r 1,600

Indonesia13 106,316 r 77,722 r 69,291 59,804 r 69,100

Irane, 14 2,000 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,000

Italye 450 450 -- -- --

Japan 8,544 8,691 7,233 7,411 7,115 4

Kazakhstan 30,272 36,846 39,903 42,552 r 49,207 4

Kenya 2,355 1,636 3,600 2,100 r 2,000

Korea, Republic of 235 209 336 r 413 r 267 4

Kyrgyzstan 18,072 r 18,647 r 10,333 19,000 18,000

laos 5,061 3,984 6,414 r 6,838 5,265 4

liberia 666 448 641 600 598 4

Madagascar10 46 1 157 160 160

Malaysia 3,765 r 4,219 4,625 3,822 r 4,000

Mali 36,360 r 35,728 r 40,132 r 41,392 r 39,724 4

TABlE 8

gold: WoRld MINE PRodUCTIoN, BY CoUNTRY1, 2

(Kilograms)

See footnotes at end of table.
gold—2014 [ADVANCE RELEASE] 31.

Country3 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014e

Mauritania 8,305 r 8,172 r 7,652 r 9,517 9,600

Mexico 72,596 88,648 r 102,802 r 119,773 r 117,717 4

Mongolia 6,037 5,703 5,995 7,244 r 7,377 4

Moroccoe, 10 650 520 520 550 500

Mozambique 106 111 178 198 r 180

Namibia 2,675 2,053 2,302 1,960 r 1,938 4

New Zealand 13,494 11,761 10,164 12,468 r 11,000

Nicaragua 4,900 6,395 6,981 r 8,611 8,648 4

Niger 1,950 1,934 r 1,662 1,150 r 732 4

Nigeriae 3,720 r 4,000 r 4,000 r 4,200 r 4,200

oman 27 r -- r -- -- --

Panama 870 1,675 2,115 2,141 r 12 4

Papua New guinea 62,900 62,200 r 59,100 r 54,092 r 52,858 4

Peru15 164,084 166,187 161,544 r 151,486 140,000

Philippines 40,847 31,120 14,596 17,248 18,423 4

Poland 766 704 916 r 1,066 2,575 4

Romania 400 -- r -- r -- r --

Russia 189,000 199,642 217,800 229,982 247,000

Rwandae, 10 3 4 3 3 3 3

Saudi Arabia 4,476 4,612 r 4,286 r 4,158 r 4,789 4

Senegal 4,381 4,089 6,666 6,445 6,588 4

Serbia 356 r 1,032 r 900 r 866 r 1,310 4

Sierra leone 270 164 135 98 r 43 4

Slovakia 534 r 398 r 546 r 533 r 582 4

Solomon Islandse 130 1,640 2,180 1,890 r 1,400

South Africa 188,702 180,293 154,178 159,542 151,618 4

Spaine -- 530 1,530 1,870 r 2,000

Sudan10 26,317 23,379 46,133 70,000 r 73,300

Suriname 31,048 r 32,308 r 33,474 r 34,213 r 33,000

Sweden 6,285 5,935 6,015 6,530 6,849 4

Tajikistan 2,049 2,240 2,401 3,000 3,477 4

Tanzania 39,448 42,300 40,650 42,534 40,481 4

Thailand 4,046 r 2,860 r 4,895 4,419 r 4,576 4

Togo16 10,452 16,469 18,551 21,086 r 20,585 4

Turkey 16,890 24,400 29,390 r 33,980 r 30,000

Uganda 4 r 1 r 1 r -- r --

United Kingdom 171 202 102 42 --

United States 231,000 234,000 235,000 228,000 r 210,000 4

Uruguay17 1,743 1,736 1,725 2,022 r 1,889 4

Uzbekistane 90,000 91,000 93,000 98,000 100,000

Venezuela 6,991 4,608 1,981 1,691 1,500

Vietname 1,030 r 1,330 r 1,060 r 1,680 r 160

Zambiae 3,600 r 3,800 4,500 5,400 r 5,000

Zimbabwe 9,100 12,824 14,742 14,065 r 14,500

Total 2,600,000 r 2,670,000 r 2,750,000 r 2,920,000 r 3,010,000

information is inadequate to make reliable of estimate output levels. 

4

Reported figure.

5

does not include artisanal or byproduct production.

6

All production from greenland.

7

The country has made moves to legitimize and account for its artisanal production.

8

Year ending July 7 of that stated.

9

Undocumented artisanal production.

1

World totals, U.S. data, and estimated data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.

(Kilograms)

2

Includes data available through November 2, 2015.

3

In addition to the countries listed, Benin, Cambodia, Chad, Cuba, El Salvador, Equatorial guinea, Haiti, Macedonia, Malawi, North Korea, 

Pakistan, Paraguay, Portugal, and South Sudan may produce gold (either as undocumented artisanal or byproduct production), but available 

e

Estimated. rRevised. NA Not available. -- Zero.

TABlE 8—Continued

gold: WoRld MINE PRodUCTIoN, BY CoUNTRY1, 2
31.16 [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YE

16data reported by the government of Togo as exports predominately include artisanal gold mine production transiting Togo from neighboring

countries and, to a lesser extent, domestic artisanal mine production. data may include gold from other artisanal sources.

17data are for fiscal year ending on March 31 of that stated.

TABlE 8—Continued

gold: WoRld MINE PRodUCTIoN, BY CoUNTRY1, 2

11does not include artisanal ans small-scale mining output, which in2010 was estimated to be more than 25,000 kilograms.

12Refinery output.

13does not include production from so-called people's mines, which may be as much as 20,000 kilograms per year, but includes gold recovered 

as byproduct of copper mining.

14Includes gold recovered from the Mouteh gold mine and from the Sarcheshmeh copper complex.

15Includes documented production from placer artisanal production.

10Reported exports.