Safety Management System Manual 2-1

Chapter 2 

## Acronyms and Definitions

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE No.
Chapter 2 Acronyms and Definitions ......................................................................................................... 2-1

2.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 2-3 2.1. Acronyms ................................................................................................................... 2-3 2.2. Definitions .................................................................................................................. 2-92-2 Safety Management System Manual



## This Page Intentionally Left BlankSafety Management System Manual 2-3

Chapter 2 Acronyms and Definitions

2.0 Introduction –This chapter contains the acronyms and definitions applicable to this manual. 2.1 Acronyms:

 A  AAI Office of Accident Investigation AAS Advanced Automation System (the end systems for all FAA air traffic control, located at the ARTCCs) AAC Aeronautical Administration Communication (a class of communication which supports administrative communication) AATT Advanced Aviation Transportation Technology AC Advisory Circular ACFT Aircraft ACARS Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System ACAS Airborne Collision and Avoidance System ACI Airports Council International ACM Airport Certification Manual ACO Aircraft Certification Office AD Airport Design or Administrative Directive ADA Americans with Disabilities Act ADG Airplane design group ADO Airport District Office (FAA) ADNU Airfield Driver’s News Update Program AFS Flight Standards Service AIDS Accident/Incident Reporting Data System AMA Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center - FAA Academy AMO Approved maintenance organization APU Auxiliary Power Unit AMS Acquisition Management System AOA Aircraft Operational Area AOC Air operator certificate AOS Airport Operations Supervisors AOV Air Traffic Safety Oversight Service ARP Airports Office ASAP Aviation Safety Action Program ASRP Aviation Safety Reporting Program ASRS Aviation Safety Reporting System ASY Office of System Safety ATA Air transport Association ATC Air Traffic Control ATM Air Traffic Management ATO Air Traffic Organization2-4 Safety Management System Manual
ATOS Air Transportation Oversight System AVR Office of Regulation and Certification

 B  BOD Board of Directors

 C  C-ARTS Common Automated Radar Terminal System CAT I Facility providing operation down to 200 feet decision height and runway visual range not less than 2600 feet. CAT II Facility providing operation down to 100 feet decision height and runway visual range not less than 1200 feet. CAA Civil Aviation Authority CAP Corrective Action Plan CASS Continuing Analysis and Surveillance System CBI Computer-based Instruction CBT Computer Based Training CDA Constant descent arrivals CDR Critical Design Review CFIT Controlled flight into terrain CFR Code of Federal Regulations CNS Communications, Navigation, Surveillance CONOP Concept of Operations COO Chief Operating Officer COSA City of San Antonio CRM Crew resource management CSA Comparative Safety Assessment CVR Cockpit Voice recorder

 D  DCP Document Change Proposal DEP Departure DES Descent DEST Destination DME Distance Measuring Equipment DOT Department of Transportation DP Departure Procedures DR&A Data Reduction and Analysis

 E  IEP Internal Evaluation Program EPA Environmental Protection Agency ETBA Energy Trace-Barrier Analysis ERAM Enroute Automation Modernization ERM Emergency Response Manual ERP Emergency Response Plan ETMS Enhanced Traffic Management System

 F  FAA Federal Aviation AdministrationSafety Management System Manual 2-5

FAR Federal Aviation Regulations (federal rules under which flight operations are conducted) FAST FAA Acquisition System Toolset FDM Flight Data Monitoring FDR Flight Data Recorder FHA Functional Hazard Analysis FMS Flight Management System FMEA Failure Modes and Effects Analysis FREQ Frequency FMECA Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis FMS Flight Management System FOD Foreign Object Damage FRDF Facility Reference Data File FSDO Flight Standards District Office FTA Fault Tree Analysis FT Feet
 G  GA General Aviation GAIN Global Aviation Information Network GAO General Accounting Office GPS Global Positioning System

 H  HAZMAT Hazardous Materials (Dangerous Goods) HAZOP Hazard and Operability Tool HF High Frequency HMI Human Machine Interface HTTR Hazard Tracking and Risk Resolution HTS Hazard Tracking System HZ Hazard
 I  IAPA Instrument Approach Procedures Automation IAW In accordance with ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IEP Internal Evaluation Program IFR Instrument Flight Rules ILS Instrument Landing System INFO Information IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions ISSP Integrated Safety System Program

 J  JHA Job Hazard Analysis

 K  KG Kilogram KHz Kilohertz2-6 Safety Management System Manual

Km Kilometer KT Knot KTS Knots kW Kilowatt

 L  LAHSO Land and Hold Short Operations LDR Labor Distribution Reporting LE Lead Evaluator LOB Line of Business LOFT Line-Oriented Flight Training

 M  MDA Minimum Descent Altitude MEL Minimum Equipment List MES Multi-Linear Event Sequencing Tool MLS Microwave Landing System MMS Maintenance Management System MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet MOA Memorandum of Agreement MORT Management Oversight and Risk Tree MRM Maintenance Resource Management MVR Texas Motor Vehicle Report

 N  N/A Not Applicable NAIMS National Airspace Incident Monitoring System NAS National Airspace System NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASDAC National Aviation Safety Data Analysis Center NASIP National Aviation Safety Inspection Program NASTEP NAS Technical Evaluation Program NAV Navigation NCP NAS Change Proposal NDB Nondirectional Radio Beacon NexGen Next Generation (e-mail) Messaging System NFPO National Flight Procedures Office NIMS NAS Infrastructure Management System NM Nautical Mile NMACS Near Midair Collision System NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOTAMS Notice to Airmen NTSB National Transportation Safety Board

 O  OA Operations AnalysisSafety Management System Manual 2-7

OEDS Operational Error/Deviation System OIG Office of the Inspector General OJT On-the-Job Training OP Operational ORM Operational Risk Management OSA Operational Safety Assessment OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

 P  PANS Procedures for Air Navigation Services, Air Traffic Management PC Personal computer PDR Preliminary Design Review PDS Pilot Deviation System PE Physical Examination PEAR Process Evaluation and Action Request PHA Preliminary Hazard Analysis PIT Powered Industrial Truck POS Position POSC Post-Implementation Safety Case POV Personnel Operator Vehicle PPE Personal Protective Equipment

 Q  QA Quality Assurance QC Quality Control QMS Quality Management System OPS SPEC Operations Specifications

 R  RIS Regulatory Information System RH Revision History RNP-RNAV Required Navigation Performance for Area Navigation RTCA Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics RVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minima

 S  SAAS San Antonio Airport System SAT San Antonio Airport three letter identifier SD Safety Division SEM System Engineering Manual SFR Safety Feedback Report form SID Standard Instrument Departure SIDA Security Identification Display Area SMO Systems Management Office SMS Safety Management System SMSM Safety Management System Manual SMSMG Safety Management System Manager2-8 Safety Management System Manual
SMSRC Safety Management System Review Committee SOIA Simultaneous Offset Instrument Approach SOP Standard Operating Procedures SRM Safety Risk Management SRMD Safety Risk Management Document SSAR System Safety Assessment Report SSE Senior Safety Engineer SSF Stinson Municipal Airport three letter identifier SSH System Safety Handbook SSHA Sub-system Hazard Analysis SSMP System Safety Management Program STARS Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System STEP Sequential Time Event Plot

 T  T&E Test and Evaluation TEMP Temperature TAA Terminal Arrival Area TRACON Terminal Radar Approach Control TRM Team Resource Management TTT Trap Transport Transplant Permit Program TWA Time Weighted Average

 U  UCR Unsatisfactory Condition Report UHF Ultra-high Frequency
 V  VFR Visual Flight Rules VHF Very High Frequency VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions VOR VHF Omni-directional Range VP Vice President VSR Voluntary Safety Report

 W  WBI Web-based Instruction WT Weight WX Weather

 X  X-BAND The frequency range between 8000 and 12500 MHz XCVR Transceiver
 Y

 Z  Z Zulu (GMT Time) ZFW Zero Fuel WeightSafety Management System Manual 2-9

2.2 Definitions:

 A  “All Clear” – Upon notice of “All Clear”, Staff, Tenants, and escorted passengers will be permitted to reenter the concourse from the ramp and gate area with additional screening. Accountable Executive – The Accountable Executive assumes full responsibility and accountability for the San Antonio Airport System’s SMS. The Accountable Executive can delegate the day-to-day functional responsibility to the Responsible Executive but is still the Accountable Executive for the San Antonio International Airport and Stinson Municipal Airport. The Aviation Director is the Accountable Executive for the San Antonio Airport System



### . Aircraft Accident (NTSB 830) –Aircraft accident means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight, and all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury, or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage. Aircraft Damage – Engine failure or damage limited to an engine if only one engine fails or is damaged, bent fairings or cowling, dented skin, small punctured holes in the skin or fabric, ground damage to rotor or propeller blades, and damage to landing gear, wheels, tires, flaps, engine accessories, brakes, or wing tips are not considered substantial damage but is considered aircraft damage. Aircraft Incident (NTSB 830) –An occurrence, other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations. Airlines – Commercial air carriers who operate aircraft and fly passengers to and from Terminal A and/or B at SAT. Specifically, employees of those airlines who work regularly in Terminal A and/or B. Assembly Point –Aspecific location outside of the Terminals identified for the purpose of providing a gathering place for evacuees. Assembly Point Officers – Staff and Tenants designated to act as coordinators for Assembly Points during evacuations. Audit –A methodical, planned review that compares actual practices to written policies or standards, and determines actual practices through interviews, observations, and review of documents and records. Auditor –An individual who has satisfied defined experience prerequisites and is successfully qualified under a defined training program to conduct audits. Audit Evidence – Records, statements of fact, or other information that are relevant to the evaluation criteria and are verifiable. Authority –A person or group with the power to command, determine, influence, or judge.

 B 
Business Partners: Concession and/or retail operations conducting business in Terminal A and/or B at SAT. Specifically, employees who work regularly in Terminal A and/or B.

 C  Comprehensive Fix –An action taken to resolve an unwanted situation and precludes the recurrence of a finding disclosed to the FAA. Concern –An evaluation finding that indicates a system weakness or deficiency that is not contrary to the federal aviation regulations or SAAS Policies and does not pose an immediate safety threat. Continual – A close prolonged succession or recurrence, infinite in time, without interruption. Control – Checks and restraints designed into a process to ensure a desired result. Correction – Repair, rework, or adjust to an existing nonconformity. Corrections are considered a short term fix to allow the system to continue working on a temporary basis.2-10 Safety Management System Manual
Corrective Action – Relates to the elimination of the cause of nonconformity, or is a response to a PEAR or AFCAN. Long term fixes or corrective actions identify the root cause of the problem and make changes to ensure that the problem does not reoccur. Corrective Action Plan (CAP) – The total plan of a certificate holder to close all findings through implementation of comprehensive corrective action. This plan should include the changes in policy and /or procedures that will ensure continued compliance. Cost– Activities, both direct and indirect, involving any negative impact, including money, time, labor, disruption, goodwill, as well as political and intangible losses Crewmember –A person assigned to perform duty in an aircraft during flight time.

 D 
Deidentified –A safety report that has had all information removed from it that may identify the submitter of the report.

 E 
Evacuation A Alarms: In response to a single sensor device, the alarm sounds and Tenants and Staff in the effected terminal will direct evacuees to move out of the terminal and to the nearest Assembly Point (Evacuation A applies to one specific terminal A or B). Evacuation B Alarm(s): Should a sensor device activate that causes the alarm to sound in both terminals, Tenants and Staff will direct evacuees to move out of the terminals and to the nearest Assembly Point (Evacuation B applies to the evacuation of both Terminals A and B simultaneously). Evaluation – A functionally independent review of company policies, procedures, and systems. If accomplished by the company itself, the evaluation should be done by an element of the company other than the one performing the function being evaluated. The evaluation process builds on the concepts of audit and inspection. An evaluation is an anticipatory process, and is designed t identify and correct potential findings before they occur. An evaluation is synonymous with the term systems audit. Evaluation Standard – Specific criteria on which basis a functional area will be evaluated in terms of compliance or conformance. Evacuees – all people (Staff, Tenants, and Passengers) within the Terminal(s) at the time of evacuation Evidence – these data are necessary to substantiate findings or concerns and to enable management or evaluators to determine the root causes of any reported findings.

 F  FATAL Injury (NTSB 830) – Fatal injury means any injury which results in death within 30 days of the accident. Finding –A condition supported by objective evidence that demonstrates an instance of noncompliance with a specific law, regulation, written policy, or procedure. Fire Monitors – Staff and Tenant members assigned specific duties in the event of a fire alarm/terminal evacuation Follow-up Evaluation –Verifies corrective action plans were implemented and effective. Utilizes the same techniques as a planned evaluation but focuses on areas of non-compliance.

 G  Ground Operations Accident (GOA) –A mishap involving an aircraft that occurs prior to the arrival of an aircrew member at the aircraft (crewmembers starts preflight or enters aircraft with the intention of flight) and after the engine shutdown (spool down) that results in reportable damage, injury, or fatality; also includes a mishap that results in damage to any other type of Company property other than an aircraft.

 H Safety Management System Manual 2-11

Hazard –Any existing or potential condition that can lead to injury, illness, or death to person; damage to or loss of a system, equipment, or property; or damage to the environment.

 I  Injury –Anything other than a serious injury. Incident –An individual occurrence or event; a distinct piece of action, or an episode, or something that occurs casually in connection with something else. Incident Command: The Communications Center serves as the central point of contact for evacuation event.

 J 
Just Culture – errors and unsafe acts will not be punished if the error was unintentional and people are encouraged to provide essential safety-related information. However, those who act recklessly or take deliberate and unjustifiable risks will still be subject to disciplinary action.

 K 

 L 

 M  Major Finding –The most significant evaluation finding, receiving the highest management attention. A finding will be classified as major if it is an apparent violation of a legal requirement, if critical systems lack controls or have other weaknesses, or if it is a serious safety issue. Minor Finding – Not as serious as a Major Finding and does not indicate an immediate safety concern. A finding will be classified as minor for apparent non-compliance with policy or self-imposed limitations. Monitor– To check, supervise, critically observe, or record the progress of an activity or system on a regular basis in order to identify change.

 N 

 O  Objective Evidence –A documented statement of fact that may be quantitative or qualitative and is supported by documents, observations, or testimony. Evidence will be in the form of written documentation or reports that support an Internal Evaluation Program analysis and review. Observation –An evaluation finding that may be positive or negative and does not require a corrective action or response. On-scene Commander: SAAS fire department senior staff member who takes control of the scene at the scene. Op Spec – Operations Specifications provide an effective method of establishing safety standards that address a wide range of variables. They can be adapted to a specific certificate holder or operator’s class, size of aircraft, type, and kinds of operation.

 P  Passengers – The traveling public2-12 Safety Management System Manual

Preventive Action –Action to eliminate or mitigate the cause or reduce the effects of a potential nonconformity or other undesirable situation. Policy– A high – level overall plan embracing the general goals and acceptable practices of a group. Policies state how goals will be achieved. Probability– The likelihood of a specific outcome. Procedures – A method for accomplishing a process, or for performing an activity. Process – a set of interrelated resources and activities that transform inputs to outputs. Resources may include personnel, techniques, and methods. Public – The combined group of passengers and non-passengers (meeters and greeters)

 Q  Quality Assurance – The activity through independent evaluation of established processes, procedures, and documentation. Quality Control – The determination of the quality of a product by inspection and testing to determine compliance with standards.

 R  Responsible Executive –The Responsible Executive is directly responsible to the Accountable Executive for the day-to-day activities of the SMS. The Airport Operations Assistant Aviation Director is the Responsible Executive for the San Antonio Airport System. Responsibility – The quality, state, or fact of being accountable. Risk –An expression of the probability and impact of an undesired event in terms of event severity and event probability. Risk Assessment – is an assessment of the system or component to compare the achieved risk level with the tolerable / acceptable level of risk. Risk Control – Refers to steps taken to eliminate hazards or to mitigate their effects by reducing severity and/or likelihood of risk associated with those hazards. Risk Management – Is a formal process that involves describing the system, identifying the hazards, assessing the risk, analyzing the risk, and controlling the risk. The SRM process is embedded in the operational system and is not a separate / distinct process. Root Cause – Determination of what caused a finding. The identification of the root cause is the key to the implementation of an effective corrective action.

 S  Safety Attribute Inspection – A surveillance tool planned for at the subsystem level and conducted at the ‘element’ level by a team of inspectors to determine if an air carrier has the safety attributes of Responsibility, Authority, Procedures, Controls, Process measurement and interfaces adequately designed into their system element process. Safety Assessment – Is a systematic, comprehensive evaluation of an implemented system

. Safety Assurance – SMS process management function that systematically provides confidence that organizational products/services meet or exceed safety requirements. Safety Culture –The product of individual and group values, attitudes, competencies, and patterns of behavior that determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of, the organization’s management of safety. Safety Event– This term is used to describe either an incident (close call, near miss, etc.) or an accident (some unintended physical contact resulting in some form of loss). This is a generic term that collectively describes any and all mishaps at the airport. Safety Management Systems –The formal, top-down business-like approach to managing safety risk. It includes systematic procedures, practices, and policies for the management of safety, which includes safety risk management, safety policy, safety assurance, and safety promotion.Safety Management System Manual 2-13

Safety Manager– The person in charge of the day-to-day operations of the San Antonio International Airport and Stinson Municipal Airport SMS Plan. Safety Policy – SMS process management function which is a document that outlines the methods and processes that the organization will use to achieve desired safety out-come. Safety Promotion – SMS process management function that is a combination of safety culture, training, and data sharing activities that support the implementation and operation of an SMS in an organization. Safety Risk – Is t

### he composite of the likelihood (i.e., risk) of the potential effect of a hazard, and predicted severity of that effect. As an example, the possibility of an overshoot by an aircraft landing on an icy runway would be considered a safety risk of the hazard. Safety Risk Control – Anything that mitigates the safety risk of a hazard; Safety risk controls necessary to mitigate an unacceptable risk should be mandatory, measurable, and monitored for effectiveness. Safety Risk Management (SRM) – A formal process within the SMS that involves describing the system, identifying the hazards, assessing the risk, analyzing the risk, and controlling the risk. The SRM process is embedded in the operational system and is not a separate/distinct process. Self Audit – Is a critical self-assessment tool that management can use to measure safety margins. Senior Management– Aviation Director, Assistant Directors, and all division managers. Serious Injury –An Injury which: Requires hospitalization for more than 48 hours within seven days from the data the injury was received, Results in a fracture of any bone (except simple fractures of finger, toes, or nose), causes severe hemorrhages, nerve, muscle or tendon damage, involves any internal organ, or involves second or third-degree burns, or any burns affecting more than 5% of the body surface. Severity –The consequence or impact of a hazard in terms of degree of loss or harm. SMS Committee - The SMS Committee is the official group of airport stakeholders and airport staff created by the San Antonio Airport System to make recommendations to the Safety Manager concerning safety policy decisions, annual safety goals and reviews of safety performance results in support of the SAAS Safety Management System. Special Evaluation –An unannounced review performed by the internal auditors and targeted at specific areas within Facilities Maintenance, Airport Operations, or Ground Operations. Staff – SAAS, SAT, or COSA employees Stakeholders –Tenants or groups of organizations that have a legitimate interest in the Airport System, who affect, or can be affected by, the Airport System’s actions. These include the airlines, FAA, tenants, GA operators, TSA, contractors, police, Customs and Border Protection, flight schools, corporate aviation, and others. Substantial Damage – (NTSB 830) Engine failure or damage limited to an engine if only one engine fails or is damaged, bent fairings or cowling, dented skin, small punctured holes in the skin or fabric, ground damage to rotor or propeller blades, and damage to landing gear, wheels, tires, flaps, engine accessories, brakes, or wingtips are not considered “substantial damage”. System – This term is used in the SRA process which is the first step of an SRA, the term used is “Describe the System” – this is a process that is used to describe operation, equipment, and/or procedures being added or changed to help define the scope of the Risk Assessment. Whether a change involves new systems (hardware and/ or software) which can be a paragraph or several paragraphs that describes all the essential elements.

 T  Top Management – The person or group of people who direct and control an organisation

. Tenants –The combined group of Airlines and Business Partners.

 U 

 V 2-14 Safety Management System Manual

 W 

 X 

 Y

 Z Safety Management System Manual 2-1