# Patent

## Title
One-sided mattress

## Abstract

A one-sided mattress construction includes a spring assembly with asymmetric spring coils. Only the bottom portion of each spring coil is attached, either to adjacent spring coils or to a bottom surface of the mattress. The top portion of each spring may have a narrowing taper that permits the top to move independent of other adjacent springs.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This Application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/209,455 titled One-Sided Mattress filed on Aug. 23, 2005, which is a is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/661,327 titled One-Sided Mattress filed on Sept. 12, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,931,685, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a one-sided mattress construction.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventional mattresses may employ spring coils to support the sleeping surface. There are two basic types of coils—open coils, which are usually joined together into a spring assembly using hog rings or other fasteners, and pocket coils, which usually present a fabric exterior than can be glued to adjacent coils to form a spring assembly.
In order to facilitate the manufacture of springs and the assembly of springs into a mattress, spring coils are generally made with an approximately cylindrical shape, sometimes with a slight taper at each end to give the spring a barrel-shaped appearance. This permits secure attachment of each spring along its side into a unitary spring assembly construction. This approach works well for two-sided mattresses.
More recently, mattress makers have started manufacturing one-sided mattresses, or more specifically, single-orientation mattresses, that are designed to be placed on a foundation and used in one position over the life of the mattress. The mattress user benefits from a construction that will perform consistently over many years without requiring rotation or flipping, and the manufacturer is able to more precisely design the sleeping surface for its intended orientation.
There are significant disadvantages to the use of convention spring coils with one-sided mattress constructions. Because the tops of each spring are adjacent to, and frequently attached to, one another, vertical motion of one coil may translate into vertical motion of adjacent coils and propagate across the entire sleeping surface. As another disadvantage, springs must be attached at a substantial number of points along abutting edges to prevent shifting of the springs under use.
There remains a need for an improved spring coil assembly for use with contemporary one-sided mattresses.
SUMMARY
A one-sided mattress construction includes a spring assembly with asymmetric spring coils. Only the bottom portion of each spring coil is attached, either to adjacent spring coils or to a bottom surface of the mattress. The top portion of each spring may have a narrowing taper that permits the top to move independent of other adjacent springs.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present disclosure may be better understood and its numerous features and advantages made apparent to those skilled in the art by referencing the accompanying drawings:
FIGS. 1A and 1B show side views of a one-sided mattress with asymmetric spring coils; and
FIGS. 2A and 2B show an asymmetric spring coil that may be used with the mattress of FIGS. 1A and 1B.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Described herein is a one-sided mattress using asymmetric spring coils. However, it will be appreciated that the principles described herein may be adapted to a wide range of applications where a cushion has a fixed orientation and one top surface for sitting or sleeping. For example, the principles of this disclosure may be applied to couches where a cushion is affixed to a larger assembly. More generally, the systems described herein may be usefully employed in any environment where it is desirable to reduce translation of vertical forces over a large, padded surface.
FIG. 1 shows a side view of a one-sided mattress with asymmetric spring coils. The mattress 100 may include a bottom 102, an upholstery 104, one or more foam layers 106, one or more additional layers 108, a plurality of springs 110, each in a pocket 112, and each attached to other portions of the mattress 100 with one or more attachments 114.
The mattress 100 may be a mattress of any size, including standard sizes such as a twin, queen, oversized queen, king, or California king sized mattress, as well as custom or non-standard sizes constructed to accommodate a particular user or a particular room.
The bottom 102 may be any rigid surface suitable for forming the bottom of a one-sided mattress construction. Where one or more of the springs 110 is to be attached directly to the bottom 102, the bottom 102 may be a material such as wood or a rigid plastic suitable for affixing the springs 110 with nails, staples, screws, or other hardware. The springs 110 may also, or instead, be adhered with an epoxy or other adhesive. The bottom 102 may include recesses shaped to securely receive each spring 110, or spring 110 and pocket 112 combination.
The upholstery 104 may be a quilted surface or any other exterior surface suitable for use with a mattress.
The one or more foam layers 106 may include any foam or other padding suitable for cushioning the sleeping surface during use. For example, visco-elastic foam toppers are commonly used in mattresses surfaces, and may have various thicknesses, densities, and Indentation Force Deflections (“IFD”). The one or more foam layers 106 may include a single, uniform foam piece, or a number of layers of foam, and may provide for different firmness and/or thickness in different regions of the sleeping surface.
The additional layers 108 may include any materials suitable for a mattress, such as batting, foam, waterproof liners, and so forth. In certain assemblies using asymmetric coils, the one or more additional layers 108 may include a relatively firm layer that distributes the upward force of each narrow spring top to provide a more uniform feel to the sleeping surface.
The plurality of springs 110 may have a generally asymmetric construction, as described in greater detail with reference to FIG. 2 below. In general, each spring will have a top end diameter smaller than a center or bottom diameter of the spring. A typical coil may have a height of 8 to 10 inches (out of the mattress 100 and out of a pocket 112, if any), a diameter of 1 to 3 inches varying along its length, and 6 to 8 turns. One suitable wire for forming coils is 0.070 inches in diameter, and may provide a tensile range for the coil of 285-315 kpsi. It will be appreciated that other wires and spring configurations may be used without departing from the scope of the invention described herein.
Each spring 110 may be enclosed by a pocket 112 of fabric. It will be appreciated that pocket coils of this type may be manufactured in single pocket coils or strings of pocket coils, either of which may be suitably employed with the mattresses described herein. Although not depicted in FIG. 1A, the mattress 100 may also, or instead, use open coils that are not contained within any pocket 112.
The attachment 114 between coils 110 may be any suitable attachment. For example, pocket coils are commonly attached to one another using hot-melt adhesive applied to abutting surfaces during construction. Other adhesives may be used. Open coils, on the other hand, are commonly attached to one another using hog rings or other metal clips. It will be noted from FIG. 1A that adjacent springs are only attached along a bottom portion thereof. Depending upon the shape of the outer surface of each spring 110, this bottom attached portion may be the bottom 25%, the bottom 50%, or the bottom 75%, or some other lower portion of each spring 110. A top portion of the spring is then free to move independent of adjacent springs 110. It should also be appreciated that, where a suitably strong attachment is provided to the bottom 102, the side attachments 114 may be omitted entirely, as shown in FIG. 1B.
The mattress 100 of FIGS. 1A and 1B, and any variations thereof, may be manufactured using techniques known in the art of mattress making, with variations to achieve the mattress 100 described above. Thus there is disclosed herein a method for manufacturing a mattress that includes providing the spring coils 110, arrange the spring coils 110 in a manner suitable for use in a mattress core, and attaching a bottom portion of each spring coil 110 to either an adjacent spring coil 110 using an attachment 114 or to the bottom 102 of the mattress 100, or to both the bottom 102 and adjacent spring coils 110. The mattress 100 may then be enclosed in an upholstery 104 and any other layers 106, 108 using adhesives, hog rings, staples, and/or other techniques known in the art.
An asymmetric spring for use in a one-sided mattress is now described in greater detail.
FIG. 2A shows a side view of an asymmetric spring coil that may be used with the mattress of FIGS. 1A and 1B. In general, the spring coil 200 is formed from suitably thick and resilient wire into a coil having a top portion 202, a bottom portion 204, a top end 206, a bottom end 208, a middle portion 210, and an exterior surface 212 formed along the exterior edges of the spring coil 200.
A cross section of the outer surface 212, as depicted in FIG. 2A, shows that the bottom portion 204 and the middle portion 210 are generally similar in width, while the top portion is significantly narrower. As depicted, this taper occurs beginning around the middle portion 210 of the spring coil 200, however, it may also occur nearer to the top portion 202 or the bottom portion 204. In an embodiment, the width may be uniform throughout the bottom portion 204.
In general, the spring coil 200 should have a wide bottom portion 204 to provide secure attachment to the bottom 102 (FIGS. 1A and 1B) of the mattress 100, while the top portion 202 should become narrower to permit independent vertical movement of the top portion 202 when arranged adjacent to other spring coils 200. The taper of the outer surface 212 may become gradually narrower toward the top end 206. A number of tapers may be suitably employed for this purpose. One such taper is a convex longitudinal taper that bows out along its length. This convex longitudinal taper may have a radius of curvature that monotonically decreases from the bottom end 208 to the top end 206 of the spring coil 200. “Monotonically decreasing” is intended here in its ordinary mathematical sense of always decreasing or remaining constant, but never increasing. As the radius of curvature monotonically decreases, the curve becomes steeper and the taper becomes more narrow more quickly. As noted above other longitudinal tapers may be employed within the general constraints of a wider bottom portion 204 and a narrower top portion 202.
It will be appreciated that the narrowing taper provides certain advantages. As noted above, the physical separation of each top end may reduce the affect that compression of one spring has upon its neighbors. This translates into increased independence of vertical motion, and prevents compression in one region of the mattress from propagating across the mattress surface. Further, the physical separation may reduce the snagging that sometimes occurs among adjacent springs over the life of a mattress in which the spring ends become intertwined or hooked together. At the same time, the wider base may ensure a secure point of attachment to adjacent springs in a spring assembly.
The bottom end 208 and the top end 206 may include a turn in where the length of wire is turned into the interior of the outer surface 212. This reduces snagging of each spring on other springs or other materials within the interior of the mattress 100 (FIGS. 1A and 1B), as well as puncturing of mattress materials by the ends 206, 208.
FIG. 2B shows a top view of an asymmetric spring coil that may be used with the mattress of 21 FIGS. 1A and 1B. As generally depicted in FIG. 2B, the coil 214, which may be a coil such as the coil described above with reference to FIG. 2A, may include a bottom end 216 and a top end 218, with the wire of the coil 214 becoming more closely wound near the top end 218 thereof.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, and therefore, the following claims are to be interpreted in the broadest sense allowable by law.

## Claims

1. A mattress comprising
a plurality of adjacent asymmetric pocket coils, wherein each pocket coil is unattached to an adjacent pocket coil; and
a rigid bottom surface, wherein each pocket coil is attached to the rigid bottom surface.

2. The mattress of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of open coils.

3. The mattress of claim 1, wherein each pocket coil has a top and a bottom interconnected by a continuous coil of wire having a convex longitudinal taper along an exterior surface thereof, the convex longitudinal taper having a radius of curvature that monotonically decreases from the bottom of the pocket coil to the top of the pocket coil.

4. The mattress of claim 1, wherein each pocket coil has a top with a first width, a middle with a second width, and a bottom with a third width, the top and the bottom connected by a continuous coil of wire, and having a longitudinal taper such that the third width of the bottom is substantially equal to the second width of the middle, and the first width of the top is smaller than the second width of the middle.

5. The mattress of claim 1, wherein each pocket coil is attached to the rigid bottom surface using at least one of hardware and adhesive.

6. The mattress of claim 1, wherein the bottom surface includes at least one recess for receiving at least one pocket coil.

7. A mattress comprising
a plurality of adjacent asymmetric spring coils, wherein each spring coil is unattached to an adjacent spring coil; and
a rigid bottom surface, with a top face and a bottom face, wherein the plurality of adjacent spring coils is attached to the top face and entirely contained above the bottom face.

8. A method of manufacturing a mattress comprising:
providing a plurality of pocket coils and a rigid bottom surface;
attaching a bottom of each of the plurality of pocket coils to the bottom surface, wherein the pocket coils are arranged adjacent to one another in a manner suitable for use in a mattress core; and
enclosing the plurality of coils in one or more upholstery layers without attaching at least one of the plurality of pocket coils to another pocket coil.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the pocket coils are asymmetric pocket coils.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of pocket coils is attached to the bottom surface using at least one of hardware and adhesive.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the bottom surface includes at least one recess for receiving at least one pocket coil.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein each pocket coil has a top and a bottom interconnected by a continuous coil of wire having a convex longitudinal taper along an exterior surface thereof, the convex longitudinal taper having a radius of curvature that monotonically decreases from the bottom of the pocket coil to the top of the pocket coil.

13. The method of claim 8, wherein each pocket coil has a top with a first width, a middle with a second width, and a bottom with a third width, the top and the bottom connected by a continuous coil of wire, and having a longitudinal taper such that the third width of the bottom is substantially equal to the second width of the middle, and the first width of the top is smaller than the second width of the middle.