Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 143 / Wednesday, July 25, 2018 / Rules and Regulations 35119 

addresses other important issues 

affecting clarity and general 

draftsmanship under any guidelines 

issued by the Attorney General. Section 

3(c) of Executive Order 12988 requires 

Executive agencies to review regulations 

in light of applicable standards in 

section 3(a) and section 3(b) to 

determine whether they are met or it is 

unreasonable to meet one or more of 

them. DOE has completed the required 

review and determined that, to the 

extent permitted by law, the final rule 

meets the relevant standards of 

Executive Order 12988. 

J. Treasury and General Government 

Appropriations Act, 2001 

The Treasury and General 

Government Appropriations Act, 2001 

(44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for 

agencies to review most disseminations 

of information to the public under 

guidelines established by each agency 

pursuant to general guidelines issued by 

OMB. 

OMB’s guidelines were published at 

67 FR 8452 (February 22, 2002), and 

DOE’s guidelines were published at 67 

FR 62446 (October 7, 2002). DOE has 

reviewed this final rule under the OMB 

and DOE guidelines and has concluded 

that it is consistent with applicable 

policies in those guidelines. 

K. Executive Order 13211 

Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions 

Concerning Regulations That 

Significantly Affect Energy Supply, 

Distribution, or Use,’’ 66 FR 28355 (May 

22, 2001) requires Federal agencies to 

prepare and submit to the OMB, a 

Statement of Energy Effects for any 

proposed significant energy action. A 

‘‘significant energy action’’ is defined as 

any action by an agency that 

promulgated or is expected to lead to 

promulgation of a final rule, and that: 

(1) Is a significant regulatory action 

under Executive Order 12866, or any 

successor order; and (2) is likely to have 

a significant adverse effect on the 

supply, distribution, or use of energy, or 

(3) is designated by the Administrator of 

OIRA as a significant energy action. For 

any proposed significant energy action, 

the agency must give a detailed 

statement of any adverse effects on 

energy supply, distribution, or use 

should the proposal be implemented, 

and of reasonable alternatives to the 

action and their expected benefits on 

energy supply, distribution, and use. 

This regulatory action, which is 

intended to streamline the application 

and approval process for small-scale 

natural gas exports, will not have a 

significant adverse effect on the supply, 

distribution, or use of energy, and 

therefore is not a significant energy 

action. Accordingly, DOE has not 

prepared a Statement of Energy Effects. 

L. Congressional Notification 

As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will 

report to Congress on the promulgation 

of this rule prior to its effective date. 

The report will state that it has been 

determined that the rule is not a ‘‘major 

rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). 

IV. Approval of the Office of the 

Secretary 

The Secretary of Energy has approved 

the publication of this final rule. 

List of Subjects in 10 CFR Part 590 

Administrative practice and 

procedure, Exports, Natural gas, 

Reporting and recordkeeping 

requirements. 

Signed in Washington, DC, on July 19, 

2018. 

Steven E. Winberg, 

Assistant Secretary, Office of Fossil Energy. 

For the reasons stated in the 

preamble, DOE amends part 590, 

chapter II of title 10, subchapter G, Code 

of Federal Regulations as set forth 

below: 

PART 590—ADMINISTRATIVE 

PROCEDURES WITH RESPECT TO 

THE IMPORT AND EXPORT OF 

NATURAL GAS 

■ 1. The authority citation for part 590 

continues to read as follows: 

Authority: Secs. 301(b), 402(f), and 644, 

Pub. L. 95–91, 91 Stat. 578, 585, and 599 (42 

U.S.C. 7151(b), 7172(f), and 7254), Sec. 3, Act 

of June 21, 1938, c. 556, 52 Stat. 822 (15 

U.S.C. 717b); E.O. 12009 (42 FR 46267, 

September 15, 1977); DOE Delegation Order 

Nos. 0204–111 and 0204–127 (49 FR 6684, 

February 22, 1984; 54 FR 11437, March 20, 

1989). 

■ 2. Section 590.102 is amended by 

redesignating paragraph (p) as 

paragraph (q) and adding new paragraph 

(p) to read as follows: 

§ 590.102 Definitions. 

* * * * * 

(p) Small-scale natural gas export 

means an export of natural gas to 

nations with which there is not in effect 

a free trade agreement with the United 

States requiring national treatment for 

trade in natural gas and with which 

trade is not prohibited by U.S. law or 

policy, provided that the application for 

such export authority satisfies the 

following two criteria: 

(1) The application proposes to export 

natural gas in a volume up to and 

including 51.75 billion cubic feet per 

year, and 

(2) DOE’s approval of the application 

does not require an environmental 

impact statement or an environmental 

assessment under the National 

Environmental Policy Act, 42 U.S.C. 

4321 et seq. 

* * * * * 

■ 3. Section 590.208 is revised to read 

as follows: 

§ 590.208 Small volume exports. 

(a) Small-scale natural gas exports. 

Small-scale natural gas exports are 

deemed to be consistent with the public 

interest under section 3(a) of the Natural 

Gas Act, 15 U.S.C. 717b(a). DOE will 

issue an export authorization upon 

receipt of any complete application to 

conduct small-scale natural gas exports. 

DOE’s regulations regarding notice of 

applications, 10 CFR 590.205, and 

procedures applicable to application 

proceedings, 10 CFR part 590, subpart C 

(10 CFR 590.303 to 10 CFR 590.317), are 

not applicable to small-scale natural gas 

exports. 

(b) Scientific, experimental, or other 

non-utility natural gas exports. Any 

person may export up to 100,000 cubic 

feet of natural gas (14.73 pounds per 

square inch at 60 degrees Fahrenheit) or 

the liquefied or compressed equivalent 

thereof, in a single shipment for 

scientific, experimental, or other nonutility gas use without prior 

authorization of the Assistant Secretary. 

[FR Doc. 2018–15903 Filed 7–24–18; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6450–01–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 23 

[Docket No. FAA–2018–0678; Special 

Conditions No. 23–290–SC] 

Special Conditions: TCW 

Technologies, LLC; Piper Aircraft PA– 

32 Series Airplanes; Installation of 

Rechargeable Lithium Batteries 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Final special conditions; request 

for comments. 

SUMMARY: These special conditions are 

issued for the Piper Aircraft Model PA– 

32-series airplanes. These airplanes, as 

modified by TCW Technologies, LLC, 

will have a novel or unusual design 

feature associated with the installation 

of a rechargeable lithium battery. The 

applicable airworthiness regulations do 

not contain adequate or appropriate 

safety standards for this design feature. 


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35120 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 143 / Wednesday, July 25, 2018 / Rules and Regulations 

1http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_

Library/rgSC.nsf/0/39B156C006

EB842E86257EF3004BB13C?Open

Document&Highlight=installation%20of

%20rechargeable%20lithium%20battery. 

2http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_

Library/rgSC.nsf/0/902232309C19F0

D4862575CB0045AC0D?Open

Document&Highlight=installation%20

of%20rechargeable%20lithium%20battery. 

3http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_

Library/rgSC.nsf/0/28E630294

DCC27B986257513005968A3?Open

Document&Highlight=installation%20of

%20rechargeable%20lithium%20battery. 

4http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_

Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/ 

44c795c1c122b21286257d74004d1952/$FILE/ 

A3SO_Rev_33.pdf.pdf 

These special conditions contain the 

additional safety standards the 

Administrator considers necessary to 

establish a level of safety equivalent to 

that established by the existing 

airworthiness standards. 

DATES: The effective date of these 

special conditions is July 25, 2018. 

We must receive your comments by 

September 10, 2018. 

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified 

by docket number FAA–2018–0678 

using any of the following methods: 

• Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to 

http://www.regulations.gov and follow 

the online instructions for sending your 

comments electronically. 

• Mail: Send comments to Docket 

Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of 

Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey 

Avenue SE, Room W12–140, West 

Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 

20590–0001. 

• Hand Delivery of Courier: Take 

comments to Docket Operations in 

Room W12–140 of the West Building 

Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey 

Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 

a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through 

Friday, except Federal holidays. 

• Fax: Fax comments to Docket 

Operations at 202–493–2251. 

Privacy: The FAA will post all 

comments it receives, without change, 

to http://regulations.gov, including any 

personal information the commenter 

provides. Using the search function of 

the docket website, anyone can find and 

read the electronic form of all comments 

received into any FAA docket, 

including the name of the individual 

sending the comment (or signing the 

comment for an association, business, 

labor union, etc.). DOT’s complete 

Privacy Act Statement can be found in 

the Federal Register published on April 

11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478), as well 

as at http://DocketsInfo.dot.gov. 

Docket: Background documents or 

comments received may be read at 

http://www.regulations.gov at any time. 

Follow the online instructions for 

accessing the docket or go to the Docket 

Operations in Room W12–140 of the 

West Building Ground Floor at 1200 

New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, 

DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday 

through Friday, except Federal holidays. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Ruth Hirt, Federal Aviation 

Administration, Aircraft Certification 

Service, Small Airplane Directorate, 

AIR–694, 901 Locust, Room 301, Kansas 

City, MO; telephone (816) 329–4108; 

facsimile (816)–329–4090. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

The FAA has determined that notice 

and opportunity for prior public 

comment are unnecessary because the 

substance of these special conditions 

has been subjected to the public 

comment process in several prior 

instances with no substantive comments 

received. It is unlikely that prior public 

comment would result in a significant 

change from the substance contained 

herein. The FAA therefore finds that 

good cause exists for making these 

special conditions effective upon 

issuance. The FAA is requesting 

comments to allow interested persons to 

submit views that may not have been 

submitted in response to the prior 

opportunities for comment. 

Special conditions 

No. Company/airplane model 

23–15–01–SC 1 .... Kestrel Aircraft Company/ 

Model K–350. 

23–09–02–SC 2 .... Cessna Aircraft Company/ 

Model 525C (CJ4). 

23–08–05–SC 3 .... Spectrum Aeronautical, LLC/ 

Model 40. 

Comments Invited 

We invite interested people to take 

part in this rulemaking by sending 

written comments, data, or views. The 

most helpful comments reference a 

specific portion of the special 

conditions, explain the reason for any 

recommended change, and include 

supporting data. We ask that you send 

us two copies of written comments. 

We will consider all comments we 

receive on or before the closing date for 

comments. We will consider comments 

filed late if it is possible to do so 

without incurring expense or delay. We 

may change these special conditions 

based on the comments we receive. 

Background 

On May 5, 2017, TCW Technologies, 

LLC (TCW) applied for a supplemental 

type certificate (STC) to install a 

rechargeable lithium battery on Piper 

Aircraft Model PA–32–series airplanes. 

These airplanes are normal category 

airplanes with a maximum of 7 seats 

(including flightcrew), powered by a 

Lycoming O–540–series engine with 

3,400 to 3,600 pounds maximum takeoff 

weight, depending on the specific 

model. 

The current regulatory requirements 

for part 23 airplanes do not contain 

adequate requirements for use of 

rechargeable lithium batteries in 

airborne applications. This type of 

battery possesses certain failure and 

operational characteristics with 

maintenance requirements that differ 

significantly from that of the nickelcadmium (Ni-Cd) and lead-acid 

rechargeable batteries currently 

approved in other normal, utility, 

acrobatic, and commuter category 

airplanes. Therefore, the FAA is issuing 

this special condition to address— 

• All characteristics of the 

rechargeable lithium batteries and their 

installation that could affect safe 

operation of the modified PA–32–series 

airplanes; and 

• Appropriate Instructions for 

Continued Airworthiness (ICA) that 

include maintenance requirements to 

ensure the availability of electrical 

power from the batteries when needed. 

Type Certification Basis 

Under the provisions of § 21.101, 

TCW must show that the PA–32 seriesairplanes, as changed, continue to meet 

the applicable provisions of the 

regulations incorporated by reference in 

Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) No. 

A3SO 4 or the applicable regulations in 

effect on the date of application for the 

change. The regulations incorporated by 

reference in the type certificate are 

commonly referred to as the ‘‘original 

type certification basis.’’ The regulations 

incorporated by reference are located in 

TCDS A3SO, pages 24 through 28. 

If the Administrator finds that the 

applicable airworthiness regulations 

(i.e., 14 CFR part 23) do not contain 

adequate or appropriate safety standards 

for the PA–32–series airplanes because 

of a novel or unusual design feature, 

special conditions are prescribed under 

the provisions of § 21.16. 

The FAA issues special conditions, as 

defined in § 11.19, under § 11.38 and 

they become part of the type 

certification basis under § 21.101. 

Special conditions are initially 

applicable to the models for which they 

are issued. Should the applicant apply 

for an STC to modify any other model(s) 

included on the same type certificate to 

incorporate the same novel or unusual 

design feature, the FAA would apply 

these special conditions to the other 

model(s) under § 21.101. 


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Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 143 / Wednesday, July 25, 2018 / Rules and Regulations 35121 

Novel or Unusual Design Features 

The Piper PA–32–series airplanes will 

incorporate the following novel or 

unusual design features: 

The installation of a rechargeable 

lithium battery as backup power for 

avionics systems. 

Discussion 

The applicable regulations governing 

the installation of batteries in general 

aviation airplanes were derived from 

Civil Air Regulations (CAR) 3 as part of 

the recodification that established 14 

CFR part 23. The battery requirements 

identified in § 23.1353 were a rewording 

of the CAR requirements. Additional 

rulemaking activities—resulting from 

increased incidents of Ni-Cd battery fire 

or failures—incorporated § 23.1353(f) 

and (g), amendments 23–20 and 23–21, 

respectively. The FAA did not envision 

the introduction of lithium battery 

installations at the time these 

regulations were published. 

The proposed use of rechargeable 

lithium batteries prompted the FAA to 

review the adequacy of these existing 

regulations. We determined the existing 

regulations do not adequately address 

the safety of lithium battery 

installations. 

Current experience with rechargeable 

lithium batteries in commercial or 

general aviation is limited. However, 

other users of this technology—ranging 

from personal computers, to wireless 

telephone manufacturers, to the electric 

vehicle industry—have noted safety 

problems with rechargeable lithium 

batteries. These problems, as described 

in the following paragraphs, include 

overcharging, over-discharging, 

flammability of cell components, cell 

internal defects, and hazards resulting 

from exposure to extreme temperatures. 

1. Overcharging: In general, 

rechargeable lithium batteries are 

significantly more susceptible than their 

Ni-Cd or lead-acid counterparts to 

thermal runway, which is an internal 

failure that can result in self-sustaining 

increases in temperature and pressure. 

This is especially true for overcharging, 

which causes heating and 

destabilization of the components of the 

cell, leading to the formation (by 

plating) of highly unstable metallic 

lithium. The metallic lithium can ignite, 

resulting in a self-sustaining fire or 

explosion. Finally, the severity of 

thermal runaway due to overcharging 

increases with increasing battery 

capacity due to the higher amount of 

electrolyte in large batteries. 

2. Over-discharging: Discharge of 

some types of rechargeable lithium 

battery cells beyond the manufacturer’s 

recommended specification can cause 

corrosion of the electrodes of the cell, 

resulting in loss of battery capacity that 

cannot be reversed by recharging. This 

loss of capacity may not be detected by 

the simple voltage measurements 

commonly available to flight crews as a 

means of checking battery status—a 

problem shared with Ni-Cd batteries. In 

addition, over-discharging has the 

potential to lead to an unsafe condition 

(creation of dendrites that could result 

in internal short circuit during the 

recharging cycle). 

3. Flammability of Cell Components: 

Unlike Ni-Cd and lead-acid batteries, 

some types of rechargeable lithium 

batteries use liquid electrolytes that are 

flammable. The electrolyte can serve as 

a source of fuel for an external fire, if 

there is a breach of the battery 

container. 

4. Cell Internal Defects: The 

rechargeable lithium batteries and 

rechargeable battery systems have a 

history of undetected cell internal 

defects. These defects may or may not 

be detected during normal operational 

evaluation, test, and validation. This 

may lead to an unsafe condition during 

in-service operation. 

5. Extreme Temperatures: Exposure to 

an extreme temperature environment 

has the potential to create major 

hazards. Care must be taken to ensure 

that the lithium battery remains within 

the manufacturer’s recommended 

specification. 

Applicability 

As discussed above, these special 

conditions are applicable to the PA–32– 

series airplanes. Should TCW apply at 

a later date for a supplemental type 

certificate to modify any other model 

added to Type Certificate No. A3SO 

with the same novel or unusual design 

feature, the FAA would apply these 

special conditions to that model as well. 

Conclusion 

This action affects only certain novel 

or unusual design features on the PA– 

32–series airplanes. It is not a rule of 

general applicability and affects only 

the applicant who applied to the FAA 

for approval of these features on the 

airplane. 

The substance of these special 

conditions has been subjected to the 

notice and comment period in several 

prior instances and has been derived 

without substantive change from those 

previously issued. It is unlikely that 

prior public comment would result in a 

significant change from the subject 

contained herein. Therefore, notice and 

opportunity for prior public comment 

hereon are unnecessary and the FAA 

finds good cause, in accordance with 5 

U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B) and 553(d)(3), for 

making these special conditions 

effective upon issuance. The FAA is 

requesting comments to allow interested 

persons to submit views that may not 

have been submitted in response to the 

prior opportunities for comment 

described above. 

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 23 

Aircraft, Aviation safety, Signs and 

symbols. 

Citation 

The authority citation for these 

special conditions is as follows: 

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 

44701–44702, 44704; Pub. L. 113–53, 127 

Stat 584 (49 U.S.C. 44704) note; 14 CFR 21.16 

and 21.101; and 14 CFR 11.38 and 11.19. 

The Special Conditions 

Accordingly, pursuant to the 

authority delegated to me by the 

Administrator, the following special 

conditions are issued as part of the type 

certification basis for Piper Aircraft PA– 

32–series airplanes modified by TCW 

Technologies, LLC. 

1. Installation of Lithium Battery 

The FAA adopts the following special 

conditions for lithium battery 

installations on Piper Aircraft PA–32– 

series airplanes in lieu of the 

requirements in § 23.1353(a), (b), (c), (d), 

and (e), amendment 23–62. 

Lithium battery installations on PA– 

32–series airplanes must be designed 

and installed as follows: 

(1) Safe cell temperatures and 

pressures must be maintained during— 

i. Normal operations; 

ii. Any probable failure conditions of 

charging or discharging or battery 

monitoring system; and 

iii. Any failure of the charging or 

battery monitoring system shown to not 

be extremely remote. 

(2) The rechargeable lithium battery 

installation must be designed to 

preclude explosion or fire in the event 

of a failure under (1)(1)(ii) and (1)(1)(iii) 

above. 

(3) Design of the rechargeable lithium 

batteries must preclude the occurrence 

of self-sustaining, uncontrolled 

increases in temperature or pressure. 

(4) No explosive or toxic gasses 

emitted by any rechargeable lithium 

battery in normal operation or as the 

result of any failure of the battery 

charging system, monitoring system, or 

battery installation, which is shown to 

not be extremely remote, may 

accumulate in hazardous quantities 

within the airplane. 

(5) Installations of rechargeable 

lithium batteries must meet the 


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35122 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 143 / Wednesday, July 25, 2018 / Rules and Regulations 

requirements of § 23.863(a) through (d), 

amendment 23–34. 

(6) No corrosive fluids or gases that 

may escape from any rechargeable 

lithium battery, may damage 

surrounding structure or any adjacent 

systems, equipment, electrical wiring, or 

the airplane in such a way as to cause 

a major or more severe failure condition, 

in accordance with § 23.1309, 

amendment 23–62, and applicable 

regulatory guidance. 

(7) Each rechargeable lithium battery 

installation must have provisions to 

prevent any hazardous effect on 

structure or essential systems that may 

be caused by the maximum amount of 

heat the battery can generate during a 

short circuit of the battery or of its 

individual cells. 

(8) Rechargeable lithium battery 

installations must have a system to 

automatically control the charging rate 

of the battery to prevent battery 

overheating and overcharging, and 

either: 

i. A battery temperature sensing and 

over-temperature warning system with a 

means for automatically disconnecting 

the battery from its charging source in 

the event of an over-temperature 

condition; or 

ii. A battery failure sensing and 

warning system with a means for 

automatically disconnecting the battery 

from its charging source in the event of 

battery failure. 

(9) Any rechargeable lithium battery 

installation, the function of which is 

required for safe operation of the 

aircraft, must incorporate a monitoring 

and warning feature that will provide an 

indication to the appropriate flight 

crewmembers whenever the state of 

charge of the batteries has fallen below 

levels considered acceptable for 

dispatch of the aircraft. 

Note 1 to paragraph (9): Reference 

§ 23.1353(h) for dispatch consideration. 

(10) The Instructions for Continued 

Airworthiness (ICA) required by 

§ 23.1529 must contain maintenance 

requirements to assure that the battery 

has been sufficiently charged at 

appropriate intervals specified by the 

battery manufacturer and the equipment 

manufacturer that contain the 

rechargeable lithium battery or 

rechargeable lithium battery system. 

The lithium rechargeable batteries and 

lithium rechargeable battery systems 

must not degrade below specified 

ampere-hour levels sufficient to power 

the aircraft system. The ICA must also 

contain procedures for the maintenance 

of replacement batteries to prevent the 

installation of batteries that have 

degraded charge retention ability or 

other damage due to prolonged storage 

at a low state of charge. Replacement 

batteries must be of the same 

manufacturer and part number as 

approved by the FAA. 

Note 2 to paragraph (10): Maintenance 

requirements include procedures that check 

battery capacity, charge degradation at 

manufacturers recommended inspection 

intervals, and replace batteries at 

manufacturer’s recommended replacement 

schedule/time to prevent age-related 

degradation. 

Note 3 to paragraph (10): The term 

‘‘sufficiently charged’’ means that the battery 

must retain enough charge, expressed in 

ampere-hours, to ensure that the battery cells 

will not be damaged. A battery cell may be 

damaged by low charge (i.e., below certain 

level), resulting in a reduction in the ability 

to charge and retain a full charge. This 

reduction would be greater than the 

reduction that may result from normal 

operational degradation. 

Note 4 to paragraph (10): Replacement 

battery in spares storage may be subject to 

prolonged storage at a low state of charge. 

Issued in Kansas City, Missouri on July 19, 

2018. 

Pat Mullen, 

Manager, Small Airplane Standards Branch, 

Aircraft Certification Service. 

[FR Doc. 2018–15912 Filed 7–24–18; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

40 CFR Part 63 

[EPA–HQ–OAR–2016–0442; FRL–9981–06– 

OAR] 

RIN 2060–AS92 

National Emission Standards for 

Hazardous Air Pollutants From the 

Portland Cement Manufacturing 

Industry Residual Risk and 

Technology Review 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Final rule. 

SUMMARY: This action finalizes the 

residual risk and technology review 

(RTR) conducted for the Portland 

Cement Manufacturing Industry source 

category regulated under national 

emission standards for hazardous air 

pollutants (NESHAP). These final 

amendments include no revisions to the 

numerical emission limits of the rule 

based on the RTR. The amendments 

reflect corrections and clarifications of 

the rule requirements and provisions. 

While the amendments do not result in 

reductions in emissions of hazardous air 

pollutants (HAP), this action results in 

improved monitoring, compliance, and 

implementation of the rule. 

DATES: This final action is effective on 

July 25, 2018. 

ADDRESSES: The Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) has established 

a docket for this action under Docket ID 

No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2016–0442. All 

documents in the docket are listed on 

the https://www.regulations.gov 

website. Although listed, some 

information is not publicly available, 

e.g., confidential business information 

or other information whose disclosure is 

restricted by statute. Certain other 

material, such as copyrighted material, 

is not placed on the internet and will be 

publicly available only in hard copy 

form. Publicly available docket 

materials are available either 

electronically through https://

www.regulations.gov, or in hard copy at 

the EPA Docket Center, WJC West 

Building, Room Number 3334, 1301 

Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC. 

The Public Reading Room hours of 

operation are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. 

Eastern Standard Time (EST), Monday 

through Friday. The telephone number 

for the Public Reading Room is (202) 

566–1744, and the telephone number for 

the Docket Center is (202) 566–1742. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For 

questions about this final action, contact 

Mr. Brian Storey, Sector Policies and 

Programs Division (D243–04), Office of 

Air Quality Planning and Standards, 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 

27711; telephone number: (919) 541– 

1103; fax number: (919) 541–4991; and 

email address: storey.brian@epa.gov. 

For specific information regarding the 

risk modeling methodology, contact Mr. 

James Hirtz, Health and Environmental 

Impacts Division (C539–02), Office of 

Air Quality Planning and Standards, 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 

27711; telephone number: (919) 541– 

0881; fax number: (919) 541–0840; and 

email address: hirtz.james@epa.gov. For 

information about the applicability of 

the NESHAP to a particular entity, 

contact Ms. Sara Ayres, Office of 

Enforcement and Compliance 

Assurance, U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency, U.S. EPA Region 5 

(E–19J), 77 West Jackson Boulevard, 

Chicago, Illinois 60604; telephone 

number: (312) 353–6266; email address: 

ayres.sara@epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Preamble Acronyms and 

Abbreviations. We use multiple 

acronyms and terms in this preamble. 

While this list may not be exhaustive, to 


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