# Patent

## Title
Dormer calculator

## Abstract

The present invention is a method for laying out a dormer that projects outward from a main roof and has a gable end and a dormer roof originating at a dormer point and terminating at an outer edge of the dormer roof near the gabled end. The dormer includes roof sheathing supported by dormer trusses. The dormer trusses include a gable truss and a plurality of valley trusses. The method of the present invention includes receiving a plurality of dormer inputs from a user. A plurality of layouts for the roof sheathing on the dormer roof are generated as a function of the dormer inputs. One or more layouts are then recommended to a user to reduce a quantity of roof sheathing waste.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)
This application claims the benefit of Provisional Application No. 60/592,597 filed on Jul. 30, 2004 by Dean Onchuck and entitled “Dormer Calculator.”
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
The aforementioned Provisional Application No. 60/592,597 is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to the field of dormer construction. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for laying out the materials for constructing a dormer.
A dormer is a roofed structure projecting outward from the sloping plane of a main roof. A dormer may be included in a roof to increase headroom, improve ventilation, provide a vertical surface suitable for installing windows or other openings, or to add to the aesthetic appeal of a building.
The framework of a dormer typically consists of a series of spaced trusses which support roof sheathing. These dormer trusses, commonly referred to as valley trusses, are available from suppliers in a pre-manufactured form. The trusses are typically uniformly spaced pursuant to industry standards such as, for example, twenty-four inches on center. The spacing of the outermost dormer truss, commonly referred to as a gable truss, and the first valley truss may deviate from the uniform spacing of the other trusses depending upon the particular dormer installation. The suppliers of pre-manufactured trusses typically do not provide the installer with the appropriate spacing for the gable truss and the first valley truss.
Even when using pre-manufactured trusses, laying out dormers is a time-consuming endeavor that requires a significant amount of expertise. Frequently, a dormer installer spends significant amounts of time on the roof measuring and making roof sheathing placement and cutting decisions. Traditional practices for laying out dormer roof sheathing can involve guesswork that may result in wasted material, lengthy exposure times on the roof, and a hazard of material waste dropped from the roof. As such, there exists a need for an improved method for laying out dormer truss locations and dormer roof sheathing.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a method for laying out a dormer that projects outward from a main roof. The dormer has a gabled end and a dormer roof originating at a dormer point and terminating at an outer edge of the dormer roof near the gabled end. The dormer includes roof sheathing supported by dormer trusses. The dormer trusses include a gable truss and a plurality of valley trusses.
In one embodiment, the method of the present invention includes receiving a plurality of dormer inputs from a user. A plurality of layouts for the roof sheathing on the dormer roof are generated as a function of the dormer inputs. At least on roof sheathing layout is then recommended to a user.
In another embodiment, the method of the present invention includes receiving a plurality of dormer inputs from a user. The dormer inputs are processed to generate a gable truss spacing for spacing the gable truss from a first valley truss and a uniform valley truss spacing for spacing neighboring valley trusses from each other. The location of the dormer trusses are then determined using the gable truss spacing and the uniform valley truss spacing. The location of each dormer truss is then displayed to a user.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a dormer projecting outward from a main roof.
FIG. 2A is a simplified perspective view of dormer framing for use in constructing the dormer of FIG. 1.
FIG. 2B shows a top view of the dormer framing of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 3 is a partial side view of an embodiment of the dormer framing of FIG. 2A with a rake ladder detail for attaching a fascia to the dormer framing.
FIG. 4 shows a partial side view of an embodiment of the dormer framing of FIG. 2A with a conventional lookout attaching a fascia to the dormer framing.
FIG. 5 shows a partial side view of a conventional technique for attaching a fascia and a gable truss of the dormer framing of FIG. 2A to the main roof.
FIG. 6 shows a partial side view of an embodiment of the dormer framing of FIG. 2A, wherein the dormer framing has a gable truss with a heel height.
FIG. 7 shows a side view of the dormer of FIG. 1 with a coordinate system for defining the size and location of each piece of roof sheathing to be installed on the dormer roof.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram representation of a method of the present invention for producing a plurality of dormer outputs as a function of a plurality of dormer inputs.
FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating a calculation process for use in the method of FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 (including FIGS. 10A-10K) is a flow diagram illustrating an embodiment of the calculation process of FIG. 9.



While the above-identified drawing figures set forth several embodiments of the invention, other embodiments are also contemplated, as noted in the discussion. In all cases, this disclosure presents the invention by way of representation and not limitation. It should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles of the invention. The figures may not be drawn to scale. Like reference numbers have been used throughout the figures to denote like parts.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of dormer 20 projecting outward from main roof 22. Main roof 22 encloses a primary roofed-in area and dormer 20 encloses a secondary roofed-in area. Dormer 20 includes dormer roof 24, fascia F, gabled end 26, and ridgeline 28 formed in dormer roof 24. Ridgeline 28 originates at dormer point 30, extends along dormer roof 24, and terminates at edge 32 of dormer roof 24 near fascia F. Fascia F has two bottom ends 27, which in dormer 20 of FIG. 1 attach to main roof 22. A pair of valley-lines 34, only one of which is visible in FIG. 1, are located at the intersection of main roof 22 and dormer roof 24. Valley-lines 34 extend outward from dormer point 30 and terminate at edge 32.
As shown in FIG. 1, both main roof 22 and dormer roof 24 are sloped. Main roof 22 has a main roof slope SMR representing an amount of vertical rise of main roof 22 per an amount of horizontal run of main roof 22. Similarly, dormer roof 24 has a dormer slope SD representing an amount of vertical rise of dormer roof 24 per an amount of horizontal run of dormer roof 24.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are simplified views of dormer framing 40 for supporting dormer roof 24 and gabled end 28 of dormer 20, with FIG. 2A showing a simplified perspective view of dormer framing 40 and FIG. 2B showing a simplified top view of dormer framing 40. Dormer framing 40 includes gable truss GT and valley trusses 42, which are each centered on centerline CL located along main roof 22 equidistant to valley-lines 34. Gable truss GT and valley trusses 42 each include a pair of rafters 44 joined at truss peak 46 and having ends 48 for attachment to main roof 22. Depending upon the size and structural requirements for a particular dormer 20, the number of valley trusses 42 may vary from a single valley truss 42 to any number, x, of valley trusses VT1 through VTx. Gable truss GT has truss height HGi and a truss width WGT. Each valley truss 42 has a different truss height HVTx. Gable truss GT is the outermost truss relative to dormer point 30, height HGi is larger than any height HVTx. As shown in FIG. 2, the closer a particular valley truss VTx is located to gable truss GT, the greater its height HVTx and, conversely, the further a particular valley truss VTx is located from gable truss GT, the less its height HVTx.
Gable truss GT is spaced from dormer point 30 along centerline CL by distance D1 and from dormer point 30 along valley-line 34 by distance D2. In addition, gable truss GT is spaced from valley truss VT1 along ridgeline 28 by distance D3i and from valley truss VT1 along valley-line 34 by distance D3. Valley trusses 42 are spaced from each other along valley-line 34 by distance D4. As shown in FIG. 2, distances D2, D3, and D4 are each measured from an inside edge (relative to dormer point 30) of each respective truss. Depending upon the particular configuration of dormer 20, distance D3 and D4 may be the same, distance D3 may be less than distance D4, or distance D3 may be greater than distance D4. In some embodiments, distance D4 is fixed in accordance to construction conventions, such as, for example, twenty-four inches on center for standard wood framing techniques. Distance D4 may vary from one dormer to another, depending upon the materials and construction conventions used to construct each dormer.
Multiple framing variations are employed in the dormer construction industry for attaching fascia F to dormer framing 40. FIGS. 3 and 4 are partial side views of two different embodiments for attaching fascia F to dormer framing 40 of dormer 20, with FIG. 3 showing dormer framing 40 with a rake ladder detail and FIG. 4 showing dormer framing 40 without a rake ladder detail. As shown in FIG. 3, fascia F attaches to lookout 52 at outer end 54 of lookout 52. Fascia F is made of two pieces and each piece has a fascia length LF (not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4). Inner end 56 of lookout 52 attaches to nailer 58 and middle portion 60 of lookout 52 attaches to truss peak 46 of gable truss GT. Nailer 58 attaches to valley truss VT1 and extends along each rafter 44 of valley truss VT1 to secure lookout 52 relative to valley truss VT1. Nailer 58 is formed from two pieces, with each piece having a nailer length LN (not shown in FIG. 3). Wall sheathing 62 is attached to gable truss GT to form gable end 28.
As mentioned above, FIG. 4 shows dormer framing 40 without a rake ladder detail. Similar to the embodiment of FIG. 3 (that includes a rake ladder detail), fascia F attaches to outer end 54 of lookout 52. However, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, lookout 52 is shorter and attaches at inner end 56 to wall sheathing 62 secured to gable truss GT.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each embodiment of dormer framing 40 has a gable overhang length LGO that is equal to the distance between gable truss GT and an outside face of fascia F. Thus, length LGO indicates the distance the outside face of fascia F is spaced out from gable truss GT.
Multiple framing variations are also employed in the dormer construction industry for attaching fascia F at its two bottom ends 27 (FIG. 1) to support structures such as, for example, dormer framing 40 or main roof 22. In some embodiments, bottom ends 27 of fascia F may be secured directly to main roof 22 or a component of main roof 22, while in other embodiments bottom ends 27 may be secured to a support cantilevered out from the building fascia of main roof 22.
FIGS. 5 and 6 are partial side views of two framing variations for dormer framing 40 used in the dormer construction industry for securing gable truss GT relative to main roof 22. As shown in FIG. 5, ends 48 of gable truss GT are secured to main roof sheathing 64 of main roof 22, which is attached to main roof support 66 of main roof 22. In other embodiments of dormer framing 40, ends 48 of gable truss GT may be secured directly to main roof supports 66. In FIG. 6, side portion 68 of gable truss GT is secured to building support 70 of main roof 22. As shown in FIG. 6, gable truss GT has heel height HH which equals the length of the portion of height HGi that extends below main roof sheathing 64.
FIG. 7 shows a side view of roof 24 of dormer 20, with a plurality of cut and installed roof sheathing pieces 72 supported by gable truss GT (not shown in FIG. 7) and valley trusses 34. Each roof sheathing piece Sn* has top length ln*, bottom length bln*, first width Wn*, and second width Wn(*+1) that is identical to the first width Wn(*+1) of an adjacent roof sheathing piece Sn(*+1). In an exemplary embodiment, roof sheathing pieces 72, prior to any cutting, comprise rectangular sheets of plywood measuring about ninety-six inches long by about forty-eight inches wide. In other embodiments, roof sheathing pieces 72, prior to any cutting, may be any type of roof sheathing material known in the art with any starting dimension known in the art.
Each roof sheathing piece Sn* is located in any number of horizontal rows R1 through Rn with row R1 located along ridgeline 28 and the last row Rn located along valley-line 34 at its most distant end with respect to dormer point 30. Each row R1 through Rn has a different respective row length L1 through Ln. Starting with row R1, each successive row differs in length by distance ΔL and is separated from the previous row by vertical rise ΔH corresponding to the vertical rise of an uncut roof sheathing piece positioned on dormer roof 24. Thus, for example, row R1 has length L1 and row R2 has length L2, with length L2 being equal to L1−ΔL. Each particular horizontal row R1 through Rn may include any number of roof sheathing pieces SnA through Sn*, with * representing the number of roof sheathing pieces (including roof sheathing piece Sn*) separating roof sheathing piece Sn* from edge 32 using an alphabetical scale.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the dormer construction industry, it is common to horizontally offset the roof sheathing pieces Sn* in a given row Rn from roof sheathing pieces S(n+/−1)* in a neighboring row R(n+/−1) by offset distance 76. This offset pattern typically alternates every other row so that, for example, the particular roof sheathing pieces in even numbered rows are aligned horizontally with respect to each other, while the particular roof sheathing pieces in odd numbered rows are aligned horizontally with respect to each other. Examples of offset distance 76 include +24 inches, +48 inches, −24 inches, −48 inches, or any other offset distance 76 known in the art. As used herein, a positive offset distance 76 occurs when top length l1A is longer than top length l2A and a negative offset distance 76 occurs when top length l1A is shorter than top length l2A.
Before installing roof sheathing 72 on roof 24, dormer installers must first construct dormer framing 40 (shown in FIGS. 2-6) to support roof sheathing 72. Constructing dormer framing 40 requires locating gable truss GT and valley trusses 42 along the pair of valley-lines 34. Even when installing pre-manufactured dormer trusses, the location of gable truss GT relative to valley truss VT1 must be determined, which can be a time consuming and potentially hazardous process. In addition, the dormer installers may also need to determine cut details for lookout 52, nailer 58, and fascia F. After dormer framing 40 has been constructed on main roof 22, the dormer installers must then install roof sheathing 72 on dormer framing 40. When using conventional methods, this typically involves custom cutting each roof sheathing piece Sn* while on main roof 22. These conventional methods can result in significant material waste, prolonged exposure time on the roof, and a hazardous conditions resulting from material waste dropped from main roof 22. The dormer calculator of the present invention provides an efficient method for laying out dormer framing 40 and roof sheathing 72 while on the ground, thereby saving time, reducing material waste, and reducing the hazards associated with conventional methods.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating of an exemplary embodiment of dormer calculator 80 of the present invention. Dormer calculator 80 uses calculation process 82 to generate dormer outputs 83 as a function of one or more dormer inputs 84. Examples of dormer inputs 84 include main roof slope SMR, dormer slope slope SD, gable overhang length LGO, gable truss height HGi, valley truss height HVT1, wall sheathing thickness input 86, input 88 representing the total number of dormers to be constructed, input 90 representing whether a rake ladder detail will be included in dormer 20, input 92 representing the fascia thickness, heel height HH, input 94 representing the roof sheathing thickness of main roof 22, input 96 indicating whether a cantilevered fascia is to be included in dormer 20, and/or any other dormer input known in the art. Any number and combination of dormer inputs 84 may be inputted into calculation process 82 to yield one or more dormer outputs 83. For example, in one embodiment of dormer calculator 80, slope SMR, slope SD, length LGO, height HGi, and height HVT1 are mandatory inputs, while the remaining inputs 84 shown in FIG. 8 are optional inputs.
Examples of dormer outputs 83 include output 98 indicating locations of gable truss GT and one or more valley rafter 42 along valley-lines 34, output 100 indicating a recommended roof sheathing offset distance(s) 76 and roof sheathing cut dimensions, fascia length LF, a number of lookouts 52 and length LLO for lookouts 52, nailer length LN when a rake ladder detail is required, and/or any other dormer output known in the art. Depending upon the particular embodiment of dormer calculator 80, dormer outputs 83 may be generated by calculation process 82 in any number or combination. For example, in one embodiment of dormer calculator 80, a single dormer output is produced by calculation process 82 as a function of one or more dormer inputs 84, while, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, a plurality of dormer outputs 83 are generated as a function of a plurality of dormer inputs 84.
Dormer calculator 80 may be used with any measurement system (such as, for example, metric or imperial) and any sizes of roof sheathing pieces and framing materials known in the art. In some embodiments, the uncut dimensions of the roof sheathing pieces and/or the framing materials are inputted into dormer calculator 80 by a user. In one embodiment, one or more dormer truss spacing preferences (such as, for example, the spacing along ridgeline 28 between inside faces of adjacent valley trusses) are inputted into dormer calculator 80 by a user.
The following is a summary of the abbreviations used in FIGS. 9 and 10:















bln*
Bottom length for a piece of dormer roof sheathing Sn*.



CL
Centerline running along the main roof between the pair of




valley-lines and equidistant to each valley-line.



D1
Distance gable truss GT is spaced from the dormer point




along CL.



D2
Distance gable truss GT is spaced from the dormer point




along the valley-lines.



D3i
Distance gable truss GT is spaced from valley truss VT1




along the ridgeline.



D3
Distance gable truss GT is spaced from valley truss VT1




along the valley-lines.



D4
Uniform distance the valley trusses are spaced from each




other along the valley-lines.



GT
Gable truss.



ΔH
Vertical rise of an uncut roof sheathing piece Sn* positioned




on the dormer roof.



HGi
Height of gable truss GT.



HG
Full inside height of gable truss GT, as measured from the




dormer roof directly above gable truss GT.



HVTX
Height of valley truss VTx.



HH
Heel height for gable truss GT.



In*
Top length of roof sheathing piece Sn*.



LGO
Length of the gable overhang.



LLO
Length of the lookout.



Ln
Length of horizontal roof sheathing row Rn.



LN
Length of a nailer for attaching a lookout to VT1.



PD
Pitch of the dormer roof.



PMR
Pitch of the main roof.



Rn
Horizontal row of roof sheathing on a dormer roof.



Sn*
Piece of roof sheathing in row Rn at horizontal location *.



VTx
Number x valley truss.



WGT
Width of gable truss GT measured from centerline CL.



Wn*
Outside width of a piece of roof sheathing Sn*.









FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating a calculation process 110, which is an embodiment of calculation process 82 of FIG. 8. In steps 112 through 116, process 100 generates information related to the positioning of gable truss GT and valley rafters 42 in dormer 20. At steps 112, 114, and 115, process 110 computes distances D3, D2, and D4, respectively (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). Using distances D2, D3, and D4, process 112 computes the locations of gable truss GT and valley rafters 42 along valley-line 34 at step 116.
As shown in steps 118 through 124 of FIG. 9, process 110 generates information related to the positioning of roof sheathing 72 on dormer roof 24. At step 118 of FIG. 9, process 110 computes row length Ln (FIG. 7) for each roof sheathing row Rn. Using the information generated in step 118 process 100 then computes top length ln* and bottom length bln* (FIG. 7) at step 120 for every roof sheathing piece Sn* for multiple roof sheathing offsets 76. At step 122, process 110 then generates width Wn* (FIG. 7) for each roof sheathing piece Sn*. At step 124, process 110 then recommends one or more sheathing offsets 76 from the multiple sheathing offsets 76 of step 120.
In steps 126 through 130 of FIG. 9, process 110 generates information related to the attachment of fascia F to gable truss GT. If a rake ladder detail is required as shown in FIG. 3, process 110 generates nailer length LN at step 126. At step 128, process 110 generates length LLO and a number of lookouts 52 to be cut (see FIGS. 3 and 4). At step 130, process 110 generates length LF.
Thus, when a user inputs the relevant dormer inputs 84 of FIG. 8 into calculation process 110 of FIG. 9, calculation process 110 computes, and outputs to the user, the dormer framing layout information needed to construct dormer framing 40 of FIGS. 2 through 6 on main roof 22. Using dormer inputs 84 and the dormer framing layout information, calculation process 110 also computes, and outputs to the user, one or more recommended roof sheathing layouts.
FIG. 10 (including FIGS. 10A-10K) is a flow diagram illustrating calculation process 140, which is a detailed embodiment of calculation process 110 of FIG. 9, for generating dormer outputs 83 as a function of dormer inputs 84. As shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of dormer inputs 84 are inputted into process 140 at step 142. Process 140 then executes a plurality of steps 144 through steps 320 and outputs a plurality of dormer outputs 83 to a user at step 322.
Steps 144 through 178 of FIG. 10 are detailed descriptions of the processes involved in performing steps 112 through 116 of FIG. 9 and yield the locations of gable truss GT and valley trusses 42 along valley-lines 34 (FIGS. 2A and 2B). Steps 182 through 202 of FIG. 10 are detailed descriptions of the processes involved in performing step 118 of FIG. 9 and yield row length Ln for each row Rn (FIG. 7). Steps 204 through 268 of FIG. 10 correspond to step 120 of FIG. 9 and yield top length ln* and bottom length bln* for each roof sheathing piece Sn* (FIG. 7). Steps 270 through 288 of FIG. 10 are detailed descriptions of the processes involved in performing step 122 of FIG. 9 and yield width Wn* (FIG. 7) for each roof sheathing piece Sn*. Steps 290 through 294 of FIG. 10 are detailed descriptions of the processes involved in performing step 124 of FIG. 9 and yield one or more recommended sheathing offsets 76 (FIG. 7). Steps 296 through 300 of FIG. 10 are detailed descriptions of the processes involved in performing step 126 and yield nailer length LN. Steps 302 through 314 of FIG. 10 are detailed descriptions of the processes involved in performing step 128 of FIG. 9 and yield length LLO (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Steps 316 through 320 of FIG. 10 are detailed descriptions of the processes involved in performing step 130 of FIG. 9 and yield length LF.
As discussed above, steps 144 through 178 of process 140 yield the locations of gable truss GT and valley trusses 42 along valley-lines 34. In step 144, the pitch PD of dormer roof 24 is computed using the formula PD=((SD·12′′)2+(12′′)2)1/2/12′′. Thus, in this embodiment, PD represents the ratio of a length along dormer roof 24 (i.e., a hypotenuse length) to a horizontal component of that length. Step 146 calculates the main roof pitch, PMR, using the above equation for step 144 with slope SMR substituted in place of slope SD. Steps 144 and 146 are optional and are included to simplify downstream calculations. As determined by decision step 148, if a rake ladder detail is required, a rake ladder height is determined in step 150 by multiplying pitch PD by 3.5 inches. The 3.5 inch multiplier term in step 150 represents the vertical width of lookout 52 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) assuming lookout 52 is cut from two-by-four stock material. In other embodiments, this multiplier is supplied by the user and inputted into process 140 at step 142. In still other embodiments, a different multiplier than 3.5 inches is supplied by process 140 pursuant to the dimensions of lookout 52. If a rake ladder detail is not required, a rake ladder height is set at zero pursuant to step 152. As indicated by step 154, the rake ladder height resulting from step 150 or step 152 is then summed with height Hgi (shown in FIG. 2A).
Decision step 156 determines whether gable truss GT has a heel height HH greater than zero, as shown in FIG. 6. If gable truss GT does not have a heel height (i.e., HH≦0), the combined rake ladder/gable truss GT height determined in step 154 is the full inside height of the gable, HG, as indicated by step 162. However, if gable truss GT has a non-zero heel height HH, heel height HH is subtracted from the combined rake ladder/gable truss GT height by step 158 to yield an adjusted gable height. At step 160, the vertical thickness of the roof sheathing on main roof 22 is then determined by multiplying the inputted roof sheathing thickness by pitch PMR and summing the product with the adjusted gable height of step 158 to yield height HG, as indicated in step 162.
At step 164, WGT of FIG. 2B is computed by dividing height HG by slope SD. Distance D1 of FIGS. 2A and 2B is computed at step 166 using the equation distance D1=HGPMR/SMR. Distance D2 of FIGS. 2A and 2B is then computed at step 168 using the equation distance D2=(WGT2+D12)1/2. Distance D3 of FIGS. 2A and 2B is computed by first calculating distance D3i in step 170 using the equation distance D3i=(HG-HVH1)/SMR. Distance D3 is then computed in step 170 using the equation distance D3=((PMRD3i)2+(D3iSMR/SD)2)1/2. At step 172, distance D4 of FIGS. 2A and 2B is computed using the equation distance D4=((24′′·PMR)2+(24′′·SMR/SD)2)1/2, where 24 inches is the spacing along ridgeline 28 between inside faces of adjacent valley trusses VTx and VTx+1. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, valley trusses 42 are spaced pursuant to the industry standard of twenty-four inches on center along ridgeline 28. In other embodiments, valley trusses 42 may be spaced pursuant to any spacing used in the art. In step 176, the spacing of each particular valley truss VTx from gable truss GT is determined by summing D3 and the product xD4, where x is the valley truss number. As indicated by steps 178 and 174, this process is continued for each successive valley truss, VTx+1, as long as the sum of D3+xD4 is less than D2. Once the sum of D3+xD4 is less than or equal to D2 the above iterative process ceases as indicated by decision step 174.
As discussed above, steps 182 through 202 yield row length Ln for each row Rn of FIG. 7. Starting at step 182, the vertical rise of main roof 22 along the gable overhang is computed. This vertical rise is then summed with height HG to yield the total vertical rise of dormer roof 24 from outer edge 32 of dormer roof 24 to dormer point 30. In steps 186 though 192, row length L1 is calculated. If row R1 is set back from ridgeline 28 so that a space (not shown in FIG. 7) along dormer roof 24 separates row R1 from ridgeline 28, the vertical component of the setback space is subtracted from the total vertical rise of dormer roof 24 computed in step 186. The vertical component of the setback space is computed in step 190 by multiplying the setback space by slope SD and then dividing the product by pitch PD. As indicated in steps 188 and 192, depending on whether dormer 20 has a setback space, row length L1 is computed by dividing the total vertical rise of dormer roof 24 (minus any vertical setback) by slope SMR.
The vertical rise ΔH (shown in FIG. 7) of a full piece of roof sheathing located on dormer roof 24 is computed in step 194 using the calculation ΔH=(48′′)SD/PD, where 48 inches represents the uncut width of rectangular roof sheathing having a length of 96 inches. In other embodiments, this uncut width in step 194 is greater than or less than 48 inches, depending upon the size of the roof sheathing material employed. In step 196, the distance ΔL of FIG. 7 is computed by dividing vertical rise ΔH by slope SMR. Then, as indicating by step 198, row length Ln for each dormer sheathing row Rn is computed using the calculation Ln=L1−nΔL, where n is the sheathing row number of row RN. As indicated by decision step 200, this calculation is repeated for each successive row, Rn+1, until row length Ln is no longer greater than zero, at which point process 140 moves on to step 204.
As previously mentioned, steps 204 through 268 yield top length ln* and bottom length bln* for each roof sheathing piece Sn* of FIG. 7. As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 10 in steps 204, 206, 208, 210, 212, 214, 216, 218 and 220, starting with row R1, top length l1A is computed for a −48 inch offset, a −24 inch offset, a +48 inch offset, and a +24 inch offset. In other embodiments of process 140, top length l1A may be computed for any sheathing offset 76 of FIG. 7 known in the art in any combination, with steps 214, 216, 218 and 220 being modified accordingly. Top length ln* and bottom length bln* are then calculated for each roof sheathing piece S1* in row R1. Moving inward from roof sheathing piece S1A relative to edge 32 of FIG. 7, as indicated by steps 222 and 226, if the difference between row length L1 and the sum of all top lengths proceeding roof sheathing piece S1* is greater than 96 inches, top length ln* is set to equal 96 inches by step 224. Process 140 then considers top length ln(*+1) for the next roof sheathing piece Sn(*+1) and repeats decision step 222 for each successive roof sheathing piece S1(*+1) until the difference between row length L1 and the sum of all preceding top lengths l1* in row R1 is no longer greater than 96 inches. Once this occurs, top length l1* for that particular roof sheathing piece Sn* is computed by step 228 as the difference between row length Ln and the sum of all preceding top lengths l1* in row R1.
As indicated by decision step 230, process 140 then moves to the next row Rn+1 and determines whether row length Ln+1 is greater than zero. If row length Ln+1 is not greater than zero, process 140 moves to step 234 and begins computing every bottom length bln*. However, if row length Ln+1 is greater than zero, decision step 232 determines whether the row number, n+1, for row Rn+1 is an odd number. If n+1 is an odd number, decision step 238 determines whether row length Ln+1 is greater than top length l1A. If row length Ln+1 is not greater than top length l1A, then top length l(n+1)A is set to equal row length Ln+1 by step 242, and process 140 returns to step 230 and moves to the next roof sheathing row. If, however, row length Ln+1 is greater than top length l1A, then top length l(n+1)A is set to equal top length ln* as indicated in step 244, and process 240 returns to step 226 to consider the next top length ln* in the same roof sheathing row. Returning to decision step 232, if n+1 is not an odd number, decision step 236 determines whether row length Ln+1 is greater than the difference in length between top length l1A and offset 76 (i.e., l1A−offset). If row length Ln+1 is greater than l1A−offset, top length l(n+1)A is set to equal l1A−offset by step 240 and process 140 returns to step 226 to consider the next top length ln* in the same roof sheathing row. If, however, row length Ln+1 is not greater than l1A−offset, then top length l(n+1)A is set to equal row length Ln+1 by step 242, and process 140 returns to decision step 230 to consider the next roof sheathing row Rn+1. The above process repeats itself until decision step 230 identifies a row length Ln that is not greater than zero, at which point process 140 moves to step 234.
As indicated in steps 234 through 268, the process of computing every bottom length bln* of FIG. 7 is similar to the above process for calculating every top length ln*. Starting with row R1, decision step 246 determines whether the row length Ln+1 of the next sheathing row (which for row R1 is row length L2), is greater than zero. If row length Ln+1 is not greater than zero, process 140 moves to step 250 and begins to compute the side widths Wn* of FIG. 7. If, however, row length Ln+1 is greater than zero, decision step 248 determines whether n+1 is an even number. If n+1 is an even number, decision step 254 determines whether row length Ln+1 is greater than top length l1A. If row length Ln+1 is greater than top length l1A, then bottom length blnA is set to equal top length l1A as indicated by step 260. If however, row length Ln+1 is not greater than top length l1A, then bottom length blnA is set to equal row length Ln+1 as indicated by step 258, and process 140 moves to step 262 to consider bottom length bl(n+1)* for the next sheathing row Rn+1. Returning to decision step 248, if n+1 is not an even number, decision step 252 determines whether row length Ln+1 is greater than l1A−offset. If row length Ln+1 is greater than l1A−offset, then bottom length blnA is set to equal L1A−offset as indicated by step 256, and process 140 moves to decision step 264 to consider the next bottom length bln(*+1) in row Rn. If however, Ln+1 is not greater than l1A−offset, then, as indicated in step 258, bottom length blnA is set to equal row length Ln+1, and process 140 moves to step 262.
Decision step 264 determines whether the difference between row length Ln+1 and the sum of all proceeding bottom lengths in row Rn is greater than 96 inches. If this difference is greater than 96 inches, then, as indicated in step 266, bottom length bln(*+1) is set to equal 96 inches, and decision step 264 considers the bottom length for the next piece of roof sheathing in row Rn. If however the difference between row length Ln+1 and the sum of all proceeding bottom lengths in row Rn is not greater than 96 inches, then step 268 sets bottom length bln(*+1) to be equal to this difference, at which point process 140 returns to step 262 and considers the bottom lengths in the next sheathing row. The above process for computing bottom lengths bln* of FIG. 7 continues until decision box 246 reaches a row length Ln+1 that is not greater than zero, at which point process 140 moves on to step 250.
As indicated above, steps 250 and steps 270 through 288 compute widths Wn* of FIG. 7 starting with width W1A as indicated in step 250. Decision step 270 determines whether bottom length blnA is greater than zero. If bottom length blnA is greater then zero, width WnA is set to equal 48 inches by step 272. In this embodiment, 48 inches corresponds to the width of an uncut roof sheathing piece Sn*. In other embodiments, WnA may be set by the user or process 140 to any roof sheathing piece width known in the art. From step 272, process 140 moves to step 276 and considers the next roof sheathing piece Sn(*+1*) in row Rn. If however, top length blna is not greater then zero, width WnA is computed by step 174 to equal row length Ln multiplied by 48 inches and divided by distance ΔL of FIG. 7, where 48 inches is the width of an uncut roof sheathing piece Sn*. Process 140 then moves from step 274 to step 276 and considers the next roof sheathing piece Sn(*+1) in row Rn. Decision step 278 determines whether the difference between row length Ln and the sum of all preceding top lengths in row Rn is greater than distance ΔL. If the difference computed in step 278 is greater than distance ΔL, width Wn(*+1) is set to equal to 48 inches by step 280, and process 140 returns to step 276 and considers the next sheathing piece Sn(*+1) in row Rn. If, however, the difference between row length Ln and preceding top lengths in row Rn is not greater than distance ΔL, decision step 282 determines whether this difference is greater than zero. If the difference is greater than zero, step 284 sets width Wn(*+1) to equal the sum of all preceding top lengths in row Rn multiplied by the ratio of 48 inches to distance ΔL, and process 140 moves decision step 276. However, if decision step 282 determines the difference between row length Ln and the sum of all preceding top lengths in row Rn to be less than or equal to zero, decision step 286 then determines whether row length Ln is greater than zero. If row length Ln is greater then zero, then width Wn(*+1) for the next row R(n+1) are calculated as indicated by step 288. This process continues moving from row to row down dormer roof 24 until decision step 286 reaches a row length Ln that is not greater than zero. At this point, process 140 moves to step 290.
In decision step 290, the ratio of top length l1* of the innermost (relative to edge 32) piece of roof sheathing S1* in row R1 to the length of an uncut piece of sheathing is determined and compared to the fraction 1⁄3. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, as indicated in step 290, the length of uncut roof sheathing piece Sn* is set to equal 96 inches. In other embodiments, the length of the uncut roof sheathing may be any sheathing length known in the art. Decision step 290 determines this ratio for each roof sheathing offset 76 of steps 206 through 212. If the ratio for a particular roof sheathing offset 76 is not greater then 1⁄3, then that roof sheathing offset is not recommended as indicated in step 294. In other embodiments, the value that the ratio must exceed to be recommended by step 292 may vary depending upon the acceptable level of roof sheathing waste.
Decision step 296 determines whether a rake ladder detail as shown in FIG. 3 is to be included based on information inputted by input step 142. If a rake ladder detail is not required, nailer length LN is assigned a value of zero by step 298. If, however, a rake ladder detail is to be incorporated, nailer length LN is determined by step 300 using the calculation (HVT1+SMR 1.5′′)PD/SD, where 1.5 inches represents the width of nailer 58. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, a two-by-four is used as the starting material for nailer 58. In other embodiments, 1.5 inches may be replaced by the appropriate width of any nailer material known in the art. If a rake ladder detail is to be incorporated length LLO (shown in FIGS. 3 and 4) is computed in step 308 using the formula LLO=LGO+(HG-HVT1)/SMR. If a rake ladder detail is not to be incorporated, step 302 determines whether the fascia thickness is equal to 1.5 inches based on the relevant input in step 142. If the fascia thickness is not 1.5 inches, step 304 computes length LLO to be LGO-(1.5′′+wall sheathing thickness), where the wall sheathing thickness is the thickness of wall sheathing 62 of FIG. 4. If however, the thickness of fascia F is not equal to 1.5 inches, step 306 then carries out the same calculation as in step 304 using the thickness of fascia F inputted in step 142. If a rake ladder detail is to be incorporated in dormer 20, step 310 determines whether the thickness of fascia F is equal to 1.5 inches. If the thickness is not equal to 1.5 inches then the final cut length LLO is given in step 314 by subtracting the thickness of fascia F from input step 142 from the value obtained in step 308. If the thickness of fascia F is equal to 1.5 inches, then step 312 subtracts three inches from the preliminary length LLO determined by step 308 to yield the final cut length LLO, where three inches represents the sum of the fascia thickness and the thickness of nailer 58.
If fascia F is to be cantilevered out, fascia length LF is computed in step 320 using the calculation LF=(SMR (LGO+1.5′′)+PMR (roof sheathing thickness))·PD/SD. For a non-cantilevered fascia F, step 318 computes fascia length LF using the formula (LGOSMR+HG)·PD/SD. Then, in a final step, step 322 outputs to a user fascia length LF, nailer length LN (if applicable), length LLO, a roof sheathing cut pattern, one or more recommended roof sheathing cut patterns, and the spacing of gable truss GT and valley trusses 42 along valley-line 34.
The dormer calculator described above with respect to exemplary embodiments of the present invention provides a systematic method for laying out the framing and the roof sheathing for a dormer projecting outward from a main roof. The locations of the dormer trusses with respect to the main roof are determined using a plurality of dormer inputs received from a user to generate a gable truss spacing and a uniform valley truss spacing. The gable truss spacing and the uniform valley truss spacing are used to determine the location of each dormer truss along the pair of valley-lines where the dormer meets the main roof. Based on these dormer truss locations, a plurality of roof sheathing layouts are determined, with each roof sheathing layout including a quantity of roof sheathing pieces to be installed on the dormer roof and cut dimensions for each piece of roof sheathing. The dormer calculator then recommends at least one of the roof sheathing layouts to a user. As such, a dormer installer using the present invention can make all of the dormer roof sheathing cuts and placement decisions while on the ground, thereby saving time, reducing roof exposure time, and eliminating the need for removing roof sheathing waste from the roof.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

## Claims

1. A method for recommending a roof sheathing layout for a dormer projecting outward from a main roof, the dormer having a roof constructed from roof sheathing supported by dormer trusses, the method comprising:
receiving by a dormer calculator a plurality of dormer inputs from a user, the dormer inputs including at least one of a main roof slope, a dormer slope, a gable overhang length, a gable truss height, a valley truss height, a wall sheathing thickness, an input representing the total number of dormers to be constructed, an input representing whether a rake ladder detail will be included in the dormer, an input representing the fascia thickness, a heel height, an input representing the roof sheathing thickness of the main roof, and an input indicating whether a cantilevered fascia is to be included in dormer;
generating by the dormer calculator a plurality of layouts for the roof sheathing on the dormer roof as a function of the dormer inputs; and
recommending by the dormer calculator at least one roof sheathing layout to a user.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein each roof sheathing layout includes a location for each piece of roof sheathing on the dormer roof.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein each roof sheathing layout indicates a cut dimension for each piece of roof sheathing.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating by the dormer calculator a location of each dormer truss along the main roof as a function of the dormer inputs.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the dormer inputs comprise:
the dormer slope;
the main roof slope;
the gable truss height; and
the first valley truss height.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the plurality of dormer inputs further comprise the gable overhang distance.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein a plurality of roof sheathing row lengths are generated using the dormer slope, the main roof slope, and the gable truss height, the plurality of roof sheathing layouts generated as a function of the roof sheathing row lengths.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein each roof sheathing layout includes cut dimensions for each piece of roof sheathing, the cut dimensions including a top length, a bottom length, and a side width.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one roof sheathing layout is recommended as a function of a ratio of a top length of an innermost piece of roof sheathing to a length of an uncut piece of roof sheathing, the innermost piece of roof sheathing located in a roof sheathing row nearest to a dormer ridgeline.

10. A method for generating cut dimensions for pieces of roof sheathing to fit the roof sheathing onto framing of a dormer, the dormer framing projecting outward from a main roof and comprising a gable truss and a plurality of valley trusses, the method comprising:
receiving by a dormer calculator a plurality of dormer inputs from a user, the dormer inputs including a gable truss height and a valley truss height;
determining by the dormer calculator a quantity of roof sheathing pieces to be installed on the dormer roof as a function of the dormer inputs;
determining by the dormer calculator the cut dimensions for each of the quantity of roof sheathing pieces, and
displaying the cut dimensions to a user.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the cut dimensions comprise:
a top length for each piece of roof sheathing;
a bottom length for each piece of roof sheathing; and
a side length for each piece of roof sheathing.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the valley truss height comprises a height of a first valley truss of the plurality of valley trusses.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the dormer inputs further comprise a main roof slope and a dormer roof slope.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the dormer inputs further comprise a gable overhang length.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the plurality of dormer inputs further comprise an uncut length and an uncut width for the roof sheathing pieces.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein a plurality of roof sheathing row lengths are generated, the cut dimensions determined as a function of the roof sheathing row lengths.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the roof sheathing row lengths are generated as a function of the dormer inputs starting with the roof sheathing row located nearest to a ridgeline of the dormer.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the roof sheathing row lengths are generated using a dormer slope, a main roof slope, and the gable truss height.

19. The method of claim 10, wherein the quantity of roof sheathing pieces to be installed and the cuts dimensions for each piece of roof sheathing are determined for a roof sheathing offset.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the quantity of roof sheathing pieces to be installed and the cuts dimensions for each piece of roof sheathing are determined for a plurality of different roof sheathing offsets.

21. The method of claim 20 further comprising:
recommending by the dormer calculator one or more of the roof sheathing offsets to a user.

22. A method for determining locations of dormer trusses with respect to a main roof, the dormer trusses supporting a dormer projecting outward from the main roof along a pair of valley lines originating from a dormer point, the dormer trusses comprising a gable truss and a plurality of valley trusses, the method comprising:
receiving by a dormer calculator a plurality of dormer inputs from a user, the dormer inputs including at least one of a main roof slope, a dormer slope, a gable overhang length, a gable truss height, a valley truss height, a wall sheathing thickness, an input representing the total number of dormers to be constructed, an input representing whether a rake ladder detail will be included in the dormer, an input representing the fascia thickness, a heel height, an input representing the roof sheathing thickness of the main roof, and an input indicating whether a cantilevered fascia is to be included in dormer;
processing by the dormer calculator the dormer inputs to generate a gable truss spacing for spacing the gable truss from a first valley truss and a uniform valley truss spacing for spacing neighboring valley trusses from each other;
determining by the dormer calculator the locations of the dormer trusses using the gable truss spacing and the uniform valley truss spacing; and
displaying the location of each dormer truss to a user.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the location of each dormer truss comprises a location along the pair of valley lines.

24. The method of claim 22, wherein the dormer inputs comprise:
the gable truss height;
the valley truss height;
the main roof slope; and
the dormer roof slope.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the gable truss spacing is the spacing between the gable truss and the first valley truss along the pair of valley lines and is determined as a function of the gable truss height, the valley truss height, the main roof slope, and the dormer roof slope.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein the uniform valley truss spacing is determined along the pair of valley lines as a function of the main roof slope, the dormer roof slope, and a known uniform spacing distance for spacing neighboring valley trusses from each other along a ridgeline of the dormer.

27. The method of claim 24, wherein determining the location of each dormer truss comprises:
generating by the dormer calculator a gable truss location along the pair of valley lines relative to the dormer point as a function of the dormer roof slope, the main roof slope, and the valley truss height, the gable truss location separated from the dormer point along the pair of valley lines by a dormer point spacing;
generating by the dormer calculator a first valley truss location along the pair of valley lines as a function of the gable truss spacing and the gable truss location; and
generating by the dormer calculator at least one next valley truss location as a function of the uniform valley truss spacing and the first valley truss location, the next valley truss location located along the pair of valley lines closer to the dormer point relative to a preceding valley truss location; and
continuing to generate by the dormer calculator the next valley truss location until the next valley truss location is separated from the dormer point along the pair of valley lines by a distance equal to the uniform valley truss spacing.