IV 

113TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. RES. 98 

Expressing support for Israel and its right to self-defense against the illegal 

nuclear program by the Islamic Republic of Iran. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

MARCH 5, 2013 

Mr. GOSAR (for himself, Mr. BROUN of Georgia, Mr. COFFMAN, Mr. CONAWAY, Mr. FRANKS of Arizona, Mr. GRIFFITH of Virginia, Mr. LANCE, 

Mr. LONG, Mr. MICA, Mr. SALMON, Mr. STIVERS, Mr. PALAZZO, and Mr. 

WESTMORELAND) submitted the following resolution; which was referred 

to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 

RESOLUTION 

Expressing support for Israel and its right to self-defense 

against the illegal nuclear program by the Islamic Republic of Iran. 

Whereas all countries have the inviolate right to self-defense 

and self-preservation as a moral imperative, recognized in 

customary international law and Article 51 of the United 

Nations Charter and United Nations Security Council 

Resolution 1368, both of which hold the right to self-defense to be the inherent right of sovereign states, including the right to ‘‘take all necessary steps’’, to combat terrorism and other forms of unconventional warfare; 

Whereas under customary international law, as well as Article 

2, paragraph 4 of the United Nations Charter, all memmstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with BILLS

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bers of the United Nations ‘‘shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against 

the territorial integrity or political independence of any 

state’’, and the purpose of the United Nations is to take 

collective measures for the preservation of international 

peace; 

Whereas the actions of the Islamic Republic of Iran threaten 

many actors in the Middle East, including Israel, Saudi 

Arabia, Iraq, and many others, leading to the serious 

threat of massive nuclear proliferation in the region, in 

violation of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; 

Whereas Iran is a rogue regime that has threatened to ‘‘Wipe 

(Israel) off the map’’, in violation of Article 2, paragraph 

4 of the United Nations Charter; 

Whereas Iran seeks to unlawfully obtain or create weapons of 

mass destruction in violation of its agreement with the 

United Nations Agency for the Application of Safeguards 

in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation 

of Nuclear Weapons; 

Whereas the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 

issued a report exposing Iran’s nuclear intentions and in 

November 2011 concluded that ‘‘contrary to the relevant 

resolutions of the Board of Governors and the Security 

Council, Iran has not suspended its [nuclear] enrichment 

related activities’’ and continues to proceed with a nuclear weapons proliferation program, and the IAEA 

Board of Governors have issued 10 resolutions condemning Iran’s nuclear program; 

Whereas Iran has ignored and has been indifferent to the 

terms of the resolutions pertaining to the proliferation of 

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weapons of mass destruction, and United States and 

international sanctions have not accomplished enough to 

deter its progress; 

Whereas Iran has actively engaged in ongoing armed hostilities against Israel for decades by supporting terrorism 

against Israel through military proxies, including the terrorist organizations Hamas and Hezbollah, each of which 

have attacked Israeli civilians as well as military personnel, and by attacking Israeli embassies and diplomatic 

personnel in Argentina, Georgia, India, and Thailand; 

Whereas the mere act of aggressively seeking the illicit acquisition of weapons of mass destruction creates an existential threat to Israel, particularly in light of Iran’s illegal 

threats and armed hostilities against Israel, as well as a 

grave threat to peace and stability of the region in violation of Article 1, paragraph 1 of the United Nations 

Charter; 

Whereas existential threats against Israel have been planned, 

expressed, or executed since the founding of the State of 

Israel in 1948 and have continued relentlessly thus causing Israel to defend itself vigilantly; 

Whereas in the Six-Day War, Israel was forced to engage in 

successful military action against Egypt under similar 

circumstances on June 5, 1967; 

Whereas the United States Department of State concluded 

that the Six-Day War is ‘‘the most cited example’’ of the 

right to take such actions for self-defense in response to 

a grave and obvious threat; 

Whereas Israel took similar action in the 1981 attack on 

Iraq’s nuclear facility at Osirak, which averted an unquestionably hostile and violent regime from acquiring 

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nuclear weapons, and also in 2007 when Israel attacked 

Syria’s Al-Kibar nuclear facility, an ally of Iran who has 

been engaged in the murder of Israeli citizens and military personnel, with the aid of Iran; 

Whereas the United States supports the original mission of 

the United Nations Charter to maintain international 

peace and security; 

Whereas the United States has recognized, since 2002 

through the National Security Strategy, that the United 

States ‘‘must adapt the concept of imminent threat to 

the capabilities and objectives of today’s adversaries’’; 

Whereas in 1979 and 1980, Iran has been involved in the 

kidnapping of United States citizens and diplomatic personnel, in direct violation of international law, and assisting terrorists in kidnapping United States citizens in 

Lebanon throughout the 1980s; 

Whereas Iran has been involved in the systematic murder of 

United States soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan for years, 

continuing today, through support of terrorist organizations allied with Iran, including giving armor-piercing 

technology to terrorists; and 

Whereas the United States has continuously supported its 

ally Israel, and supported Israel’s right to defend itself, 

and has taken similar actions itself as necessary self-defense measures as far back as the 1962 Cuban Missile 

Crisis: Now, therefore, be it 

1 Resolved, That the House of Representatives fully 

2 supports Israel’s lawful exercise of self-defense, including 

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1 actions to halt Iranian aggression such as a strike against 

2 Iran’s illegal nuclear program. 

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