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# OAR Box 1500 Prepped by Ollie Stewart



### Document

Number: 

# 59 ) ll-C-8 5 Docket Number: 

# A-94-5 2

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UNITE D STATE S ENVIRONMENTA L PROTECTIO N AGENC Y | | - £ - §S I ^T7 7 ? RESEARC H TRIANGL E PARK . N C 2771 1 

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OFFIC E O F AI R OUALITY PLANNIN G AN D STANDARD S Mr . Stephe

n McNall y Director o f Governmen

t Affair s Composite s Fabricator s Associatio n 165 5 Nort h For t Mye r Drive , Suit

e 51 0 Arlington , Virgini a2220 9 Thi s i s i n respons e t o you

r lette r o f Novembe r 11,199 7 regarding th e incorporatio n o f a controlle d spra

y progra mi n th e maximu

machievabl e contro l technology (MACT) standar d fo r reinforced plasti c composite s manufacturing . Afte r discussion wit

h ou r staffs , w e hav e concluded tha t th e controlle d spra

y progra mcannot b e use d a s an. optio n t o offse t or reduc e th e MAC

T floor leve l o f emission s contro l t o b e determine d b y your propose d averagin

g concept . The remainde

r o f thi s letter provide s th e rationale fo

r ou r conclusion , addresse s severa l point s raised i

n you r letter , an d present s aproposa

l fo r promotin g th e concep t

o f bette r spraying practice s i

n th e standard . Th e controlle d spra

y progra mwa s designe d by industr

y t o minimiz

e spraying emission s by using better

spra y practices . I t

wa s presente d a s par

t ofth e averagin

g approac h tha

t yo u an d othe r industr y representative s propose d fo r determining th e MAC

T floor an d establishing complianc e wit

h th e MAC

T standard . You propose d a0.7 7 emissio n reductio n facto

r b e applied t o th e averaging approac h fo r thos e facilitie s choosin g t o adop t acontrolle d spra

y program . Thi s would offse

t on e o r mor e contro l option s i

n th e standar

d currentl y unde r consideration , suc

h a s materia l specification s on the resin , equipmen t specification s fo

r th e application technique , and/or abatemen t equipment . The reason s w e conclude d tha t th e controlled spra

y progra mcannot b e trade d wit h th e othe r option s ar e tha t th e progra

mi s considerabl

y mor e difficul t t o enforc e an

d cannot b e assure d t o achieve quantifiabl e an d continuou s emissio

n reductions . Wit h regar d t o enforceabilit

y an d continuou s compliance , th e progra mdoe s no t

contain objective parameter s whic

h woul d allo w aperso n t o distinguish betwee n afacilit y tha t i s performin g (tha t is , achievin

g th e reduction s associate d with ) controlled spraying an d on e tha t i s not . Fo r example , establishin

g the lowes t

pressure settin g tha

t provide s a

n adequat e fa n patter n i s subjective . Further , i

t i s no t onl y pressur e settin g tha

t affect s th e fa n pattern , bu

t materials , tip size , catalys t

ratio , an d perhap s eve

n other parameter s tha

t woul d mak e i t difficul t fo r enforcemen

t personnel t o objectivel

y determine complianc e wit h th e MACT standard . Th

e photographi c image s suggested i n you r letter woul d ai d i n th e demonstratio n tha

t th e pressur

e settin g procedur

e wa s carried out ; however , they woul d not guarante e tha

t th e lowes t

pressur e settin g tha t provide s a

n adequat e fa n patter n wa s found . Issue s aris e i

n othe r part s ofth e

Interne t Addres s (URL ) • http://www.epa.go v Recycled/Recyclabl e • Printe d wit h Vegetabl e Oi l Base d Ink s o n Recycle d Pape r (Minimu m 25 % Postconsumer )P. 3

progra ma s well , suc

h a s th e verificatio

n o f prope r operato r technique . A flange could wel l limi t th e spra y o n som e molds , bu

t fo r conve x an d complicated shapes , i

t woul d no t guar d agains t sprayin g pas t th e mol d perimeter . Imagin

e ahemisphere-shaped mold , fo r example . A flange o

n th e edg e ofth e mol

d wil l not guar d against th e operato r

spraying ove

r th e to p or pas t th e righ t or lef t sid e ofth e mold . Eve

n wit h part s wher

e th e flange wil

l serv e as aguard , there i s no procedur e tha t assure s continuou s compliance , i.e. , tha t th e operato r

i s alway s sprayin

g within th e flange distances . You r lette r indicated tha

t ther e wa s clos e agreemen

t i n th e result s ofth e controlle d spra y testing done b

y th e Composite s Fabricator s Associatio n (CFA ) an d th e Researc h Triangl e Institut e (RTI ) unde

r cooperatio n wit

h th e Environmenta

l Protectio n Agenc

y (EPA) . Ou

r andysi s ofth e result s indicate s tha t th e agreemen

t wa s no t a s state d i n you r letter . Fo r

th e gel coa t operatio n tested , RTI achieve d a9 percen

t reductio n i

n emission s i

n term s o f percent availabl e styrene (%AS ) fo

r ahig h ai r velocit y situatio n an

d a1 7 percen

t reductio n fo

r alo w ai r velocit y situation , a s compared t o th e CFA' s result o f 4 2 percen t reductio n i

n %A S emissions . Fo r th e resi n operation , RT

I achieve d a3 6 percen

t emissio n reductio n o f

%AS emission s a s compare d t o th e CFA' s resul

t o f 2 0 percen

t emissio n reductio n i

n %A S emissions . Thes e result s ar e not i n clos e agreement ; however , the y do indicat

e tha t spra y techniqu e influence s th e amoun t o f emission s tha

t resul t frompolyeste

r resi n spra y operations . Thi s ha s bee

n alongstandin g poin

t o f agreemen t betwee n th e EP A .an d industr y representatives . Th e EP A recognize s controlle d spraying a s abes t managemen

t pollutio n contro l practice . Th e operatio n o f

a n emissio n sourc e i n amanne r consisten t wit h goo d .ai r pollutio n practic e i s required b y Subpar t A o f Par t 6 3 (whic h applie s t o al

l MACT standards) . I

n particulw , under Sectio n 63.6(e)(l)(i) , "A

t al l times , includin

g period s o f

startup , shutdown , an

d malfunction , owners or operator s shal

l operat e an d maintai n an y affecte d source , includin

g associate d ai

r pollution contro l equipment , i n amanne r consisten t wit h goo d ai r pollution contro l practice s fo r minimizin g emission s a

t leas t t o th e level s require d b

y al l relevan t standards. " T o encourag e source s t o us e controlle d sprayin g techniques , w e ar

e considerin g inclusio

n o f arequiremen

t fo r a n operato r training progra

mtha t addresse s bette r

sprayin g practice s i

n th e MACT standard . Thi s requiremen

t would b e consisten

t wit h th e provisio n o f

Sectio n 63.6(e)(l)(i) . A facilit y coul d demonstrat

e complianc e b

y keepin g record s o f

it s training progra

man d record s demonstratin g tha t operator s applyin

g resi n hav e take n thi s training . Thi s concep t wa s incorporate d i

n Subpar t JJ-Nationa l Emission Standard s fo

r Woo d Furnitur e Manufacturing Operations . Th e trainin g progra m(an d othe r wor k practices ) wa s require d i

n additio n t o emissio

n limitations , equipmen

t standards , an

d materia l requirements . You

r efforts o n th e controlle d spra

y progra mwoul d b e valuabl e t o facilitie s tha

t choos e to expan

d upo n or develo p ne w operato r

trainin g program s t o mee t suc h arequirement , i

f established . I n summary , w e suppor

t encouraging better

spra y practice s wit

h th e standard , bu t

w e do no t pla n t o allo w the

mt o b e use d t o offse

t th e othe r emissio n reductio n technique s tha

t were use d i n detenninin g th e leve

l ofth e MAC

T standard . Du e t o th e lac

k o f enforceabilit

y ofth e progra

m designe d b y th e industry , i

t cannot b e used t o generat

e credit s whic

h would b e trade d wit

h th e 

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othe r emissio n reductio n technique s t o mee t th e MAC T standard . Ou

r curren t thinking i s t o ad

d arequiremen

t fo r operato r trainin g whic

h would encourag e bette r

spra y practices . W

e appreciat

e you r effort s t o develo

p aprogra mt o promot

e bette r spra y practice s an

d you r ongoing wor

k t o mak e you r member s awar e ofth e importanc e o

f operato r techniqu e o

n reducing emissions . Sincerely , Jruc e Jorda

n Directo r Emissio n Standard s Divisio

n 

### T3 f^fSLAju^zJ JohnB . Rasni c Directo r Manufacturing , Energy , an

d Transportatio n Division Offic e o f Complianc e



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