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OASIS SB LABOR CATEGORIES

and

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 

SERVICE OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS

BACKGROUND:

OASIS SB labor categories have been mapped to the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) Standard Occupational 

Classification (SOC) for which the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) maintains compensation data. Labor categories are further

defined as Junior, Journeyman, and Senior based on years of experience, education, and duties/responsibilities as follows:

 JUNIOR: A Junior labor category has up to 3 years experience and a BA/BS degree. A Junior labor category is 

responsible for assisting more senior positions and/or performing functional duties under the oversight of more senior 

positions.

 JOURNEYMAN: A Journeyman labor category has 3 to 10 years of experience and a BA/BS or MA/MS degree. A 

Journeyman labor category typically performs all functional duties independently.

 SENIOR: A Senior labor category has over 10 years of experience and a MA/MS degree. A Senior labor category 

typically works on high-visibility or mission critical aspects of a given program and performs all functional duties 

independently. A Senior labor category may oversee the efforts of less senior staff and/or be responsible for the efforts 

of all staff assigned to a specific job.

 SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT (SME): A Subject Matter Expert is an individual whose qualifications and/or particular 

expertise are exceptional and/or highly unique. Subject Matter Experts do not have specific experience/education 

qualifications, but are typically identified as recognized Industry leaders for a given area of expertise. Subject Matter 

Experts typically perform the following kinds of functions: Initiates, supervises, and/or develops requirements from a 

project’s inception to conclusion for complex to extremely complex programs; Provides strategic advice, technical 

guidance and expertise to program and project staff; Provides detailed analysis, evaluation and recommendations for 

improvements, optimization development, and/or maintenance efforts for client-specific or mission critical 

challenges/issues; Consults with client to define need or problem supervises studies and leads surveys to collect and 

analyze data to provide advice and recommend solutions.

Contractors may deviate from the definitions above when responding to task order solicitations so long as the deviations are 

clearly identified in their task order proposal. For example, a Contractor might label an employee as “Senior”, but the employee 

does not have a MA/MS degree. Likewise, a Contractor might label an employee as “Junior” even though the employee has 

more than 3 years experience. Deviations shall be clearly identified in proposals submitted in response to task order 

solicitations.
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INDIVIDUAL LABOR CATEGORIES

The following individual labor categories correspond to a single SOC Number, Title, and Functional Description.

Labor ID # Actuary

1 Junior Actuary

2 Journeyman Actuary

3 Senior Actuary

4 SME - Actuary

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Description

15-2011 Actuaries - Analyze statistical data, such as mortality, accident, sickness, disability, and retirement 

rates and construct probability tables to forecast risk and liability for payment of future benefits. May 

ascertain insurance rates required and cash reserves necessary to ensure payment of future benefits.

Labor ID # Administrative Professional

5 Junior Administrative Professional

6 Journeyman Administrative Professional

7 Senior Administrative Professional

8 SME – Administrative Professional

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Description

43-6011 Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants - Provide high-level administrative 

support by conducting research, preparing statistical reports, handling information requests, and 

performing clerical functions such as preparing correspondence, receiving visitors, arranging 

conference calls, and scheduling meetings.

Labor ID # Editor

9 Junior Editor

10 Journeyman Editor

11 Senior Editor

12 SME –Editor

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Descriptions (These SOCs are combined into one labor category)

27-3041 Editors - Plan, coordinate, or edit content of material for publication. May review proposals and drafts 

for possible publication. Includes technical editors.

Labor ID # Investigator

13 Junior Investigator

14 Journeyman Investigator

15 Senior Investigator

16 SME - Investigator

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Description

33-9021 Private Detectives and Investigators - Gather, analyze, compile and report information regarding 

individuals or organizations to clients, or detect occurrences of unlawful acts or infractions of rules.
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Labor ID # Operations Research Analyst

17 Junior Operations Research Analyst

18 Journeyman Operations Research Analyst

19 Senior Operations Research Analyst

20 SME – Operations Research Analyst

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Description

15-2031 Operations Research Analyst - Formulate and apply mathematical modeling and other optimizing 

methods to develop and interpret information that assists management with decision making, policy 

formulation, or other managerial functions. May collect and analyze data and develop decision support 

software, service, or products. May develop and supply optimal time, cost, or logistics networks for 

program evaluation, review, or implementation.

Labor ID # Public Relations Specialist

21 Junior Public Relations Specialist

22 Journeyman Public Relations Specialist

23 Senior Public Relations Specialist

24 SME – Public Relations Specialist

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Description

27-3031 Public Relations Specialist - Engage in promoting or creating an intended public image for individuals, 

groups, or organizations. May write or select material for release to various communications media.

Labor ID # Statistician

25 Junior Statistician

26 Journeyman Statistician

27 Senior Statistician

28 SME - Statistician

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Description

15-2041 Statistician - Develop or apply mathematical or statistical theory and methods to collect, organize, 

interpret, and summarize numerical data to provide usable information. May specialize in fields such as 

bio-statistics, agricultural statistics, business statistics, or economic statistics. Includes mathematical 

and survey statisticians. Excludes "Survey Researchers" (19-3022).

Labor ID # Writer

29 Junior Writer

30 Journeyman Writer

31 Senior Writer

32 SME – Writer

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Descriptions (These SOCs are combined into one labor category)

27-3043 Writers and Authors - Originate and prepare written material, such as scripts, stories, advertisements, 

and other material.

GROUPED LABOR CATEGORIES

The following labor category groups correspond to groups of SOC Numbers, Titles, and Functional Descriptions. These labor 

category groups were established based upon BLS published data regarding direct labor compensation across multiple SOC 

numbers. The multiple SOC Numbers within each labor category group have similar salaries based upon the BLS data.

Labor ID # Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 1

33 Junior Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 1

34 Journeyman Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 1
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35 Senior Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 1

36 SME – Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 1

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

13-2061 Financial Examiners - Enforce or ensure compliance with laws and regulations governing financial and 

securities institutions and financial and real estate transactions. May examine, verify, or authenticate 

records.

13-2072 Loan Officers - Evaluate, authorize, or recommend approval of commercial, real estate, or credit loans. 

Advise borrowers on financial status and payment methods. Includes mortgage loan officers and 

agents, collection analysts, loan servicing officers, and loan underwriters.

Labor ID # Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 2

37 Junior Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 2

38 Journeyman Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 2

39 Senior Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 2

40 SME - Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 2

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

13-1111 Management Analysts - Conduct organizational studies and evaluations, design systems and 

procedures, conduct work simplification and measurement studies, and prepare operations and 

procedures manuals to assist management in operating more efficiently and effectively. Includes 

program analysts and management consultants. Excludes "Computer Systems Analysts" (15-1121) 

and "Operations Research Analysts" (15-2031).

13-2041 Credit Analysts - Analyze credit data and financial statements of individuals or firms to determine the 

degree of risk involved in extending credit or lending money. Prepare reports with credit information for 

use in decision making.

13-2051 Financial Analysts - Conduct quantitative analyses of information affecting investment programs of 

public or private institutions.

Labor ID # Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 3

41 Junior Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 3

42 Journeyman Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 3

43 Senior Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 3

44 SME - Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 3

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

13-1199 Business Operations Specialists, all other - All business operations specialists not listed separately.

13-1081 Logisticians - Analyze and coordinate the logistical functions of a firm or organization. Responsible for 

the entire life cycle of a product, including acquisition, distribution, internal allocation, delivery, and final 

disposal of resources. Excludes "Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers" (11-3071).

13-2011 Accountants and Auditors - Examine, analyze, and interpret accounting records to prepare financial 

statements, give advice, or audit and evaluate statements prepared by others. Install or advise on 

systems of recording costs or other financial and budgetary data. Excludes "Tax Examiners and 

Collectors, and Revenue Agents" (13-2081).

13-2053 Insurance Underwriters - Review individual applications for insurance to evaluate degree of risk 

involved and determine acceptance of applications.
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Labor ID # Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 4

45 Junior Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 4

46 Journeyman Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 4

47 Senior Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 4

48 SME - Business and Financial Operations Specialist Group 4

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

13-1021 Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products - Purchase farm products either for further processing 

or resale. Includes tree farm contractors, grain brokers and market operators, grain buyers, and 

tobacco buyers.

13-1022 Wholesale and Retail Buyers, except farm products - Buy merchandise or commodities, other than 

farm products, for resale to consumers at the wholesale or retail level, including both durable and 

nondurable goods. Analyze past buying trends, sales records, price, and quality of merchandise to 

determine value and yield. Select, order, and authorize payment for merchandise according to 

contractual agreements. May conduct meetings with sales personnel and introduce new products. 

Includes assistant wholesale and retail buyers of nonfarm products.

13-1023 Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products - Purchase machinery, equipment, 

tools, parts, supplies, or services necessary for the operation of an establishment. Purchase raw or 

semi-finished materials for manufacturing. Excludes "Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products" 

(13-1021) and "Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products" (13-1022).

13-1031 Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators - Review settled claims to determine that payments 

and settlements are made in accordance with company practices and procedures. Confer with legal 

counsel on claims requiring litigation. May also settle insurance claims. Excludes "Fire Inspectors and 

Investigators" (33-2021).

13-1032 Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage - Appraise automobile or other vehicle damage to determine 

repair costs for insurance claim settlement. Prepare insurance forms to indicate repair cost or cost 

estimates and recommendations. May seek agreement with automotive repair shop on repair costs.

13-1041 Compliance Officers - Examine, evaluate, and investigate eligibility for or conformity with laws and 

regulations governing contract compliance of licenses and permits, and perform other compliance and 

enforcement inspection and analysis activities not classified elsewhere. Excludes "Financial 

Examiners" (13-2061), "Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents" (13-2081), "Occupational 

Health and Safety Specialists" (29-9011), "Occupational Health and Safety Technicians" (29-9012), 

"Transportation Security Screeners" (33-9093), "Agricultural Inspectors" (45-2011), "Construction and 

Building Inspectors" (47-4011), and "Transportation Inspectors" (53-6051).

13-1051 Cost Estimators - Prepare cost estimates for product manufacturing, construction projects, or services 

to aid management in bidding on or determining price of product or service. May specialize according 

to particular service performed or type of product manufactured.

13-1071 Human Resources Specialists - Perform activities in the human resource area. Includes employment 

specialists who screen, recruit, interview, and place workers. Excludes "Compensation, Benefits, and 

Job Analysis Specialists" (13-1141) and "Training and Development Specialists" (13-1151).

13-1075 Labor Relations Specialists - Resolve disputes between workers and managers, negotiate collective 

bargaining agreements, or coordinate grievance procedures to handle employee complaints. Excludes 

equal employment opportunity (EEO) officers who are included in "Compliance Officers" (13-1041).

13-1121 Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners - Coordinate activities of staff, convention personnel, or 

clients to make arrangements for group meetings, events, or conventions.

13-1141 Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists - Conduct programs of compensation and 

benefits and job analysis for employer. May specialize in specific areas, such as position classification 

and pension programs.

13-1151 Training and Development Specialists - Design and conduct training and development programs to 

improve individual and organizational performance. May analyze training needs.
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13-1161 Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists - Research market conditions in local, regional, or 

national areas, or gather information to determine potential sales of a product or service, or create a 

marketing campaign. May gather information on competitors, prices, sales, and methods of marketing 

and distribution.

13-2021 Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate - Appraise real property and estimate its fair value. May 

assess taxes in accordance with prescribed schedules.

13-2031 Budget Analysts - Examine budget estimates for completeness, accuracy, and conformance with 

procedures and regulations. Analyze budgeting and accounting reports.

13-2071 Credit Counselors - Advise and educate individuals or organizations on acquiring and managing debt. 

May provide guidance in determining the best type of loan and explaining loan requirements or 

restrictions. May help develop debt management plans, advise on credit issues, or provide budget, 

mortgage, and bankruptcy counseling.

13-2081 Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents - Determine tax liability or collect taxes from 

individuals or business firms according to prescribed laws and regulations.

13-2082 Tax Preparers - Prepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses. Excludes "Accountants and 

Auditors" (13-2011).

13-2099 Financial Specialists, all other - All financial specialists not listed separately.

Labor ID # Engineer Group 1

49 Junior Engineer Group 1

50 Journeyman Engineer Group 1

51 Senior Engineer Group 1

52 SME - Engineer Group 1

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Description

17-2171 Petroleum Engineers - Devise methods to improve oil and gas extraction and production and determine 

the need for new or modified tool designs. Oversee drilling and offer technical advice.

Labor ID # Engineer Group 2

53 Junior Engineer Group 2

54 Journeyman Engineer Group 2

55 Senior Engineer Group 2

56 SME - Engineer Group 2

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

17-2041 Chemical Engineers - Design chemical plant equipment and devise processes for manufacturing 

chemicals and products, such as gasoline, synthetic rubber, plastics, detergents, cement, paper, and 

pulp, by applying principles and technology of chemistry, physics, and engineering.

Labor ID # Engineer Group 3

57 Junior Engineer Group 3

58 Journeyman Engineer Group 3

59 Senior Engineer Group 3

60 SME - Engineer Group 3

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

17-2011 Aerospace Engineers - Perform engineering duties in designing, constructing, and testing aircraft, 

missiles, and spacecraft. May conduct basic and applied research to evaluate adaptability of materials 

and equipment to aircraft design and manufacture. May recommend improvements in testing 

equipment and techniques.

17-2031 Biomedical Engineers - Apply knowledge of engineering, biology, and biomechanical principles to the 

design, development, and evaluation of biological and health systems and products, such as artificial 

organs, prostheses, instrumentation, medical information systems, and heath management and care
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delivery systems.

17-2081 Environmental Engineers - Research, design, plan, or perform engineering duties in the prevention, 

control, and remediation of environmental hazards using various engineering disciplines. Work may 

include waste treatment, site remediation, or pollution control technology.

17-2112 Industrial Engineers - Design, develop, test, and evaluate integrated systems for managing industrial 

production processes, including human work factors, quality control, inventory control, logistics and 

material flow, cost analysis, and production coordination. Excludes "Health and Safety Engineers, 

Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors" (17-2111).

17-2151 Mining and Geological Engineers, including Mining Safety Engineers - Conduct sub-surface surveys to 

identify the characteristics of potential land or mining development sites. May specify the ground 

support systems, processes and equipment for safe, economical, and environmentally sound extraction 

or underground construction activities. May inspect areas for unsafe geological conditions, equipment, 

and working conditions. May design, implement, and coordinate mine safety programs. Excludes 

"Petroleum Engineers" (17-2171).

17-2161 Nuclear Engineers - Conduct research on nuclear engineering projects or apply principles and theory of 

nuclear science to problems concerned with release, control, and use of nuclear energy and nuclear 

waste disposal.

Labor ID # Engineer Group 4

61 Junior Engineer Group 4

62 Journeyman Engineer Group 4

63 Senior Engineer Group 4

64 SME - Engineer Group 4

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

17-2051 Civil Engineers - Perform engineering duties in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and 

maintenance of building structures, and facilities, such as roads, railroads, airports, bridges, harbors, 

channels, dams, irrigation projects, pipelines, power plants, and water and sewage systems. Includes 

architectural, structural, traffic, ocean, and geo-technical engineers. Excludes "Hydrologists" (19-2043).

17-2071 Electrical Engineers - Research, design, develop, test, or supervise the manufacturing and installation 

of electrical equipment, components, or systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. 

Excludes "Computer Hardware Engineers" (17-2061).

17-2072 Electronics Engineers, Except Computer - Research, design, develop, or test electronic components 

and systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use employing knowledge of electronic 

theory and materials properties. Design electronic circuits and components for use in fields such as 

telecommunications, aerospace guidance and propulsion control, acoustics, or instruments and 

controls. Excludes "Computer Hardware Engineers" (17-2061).

17-2111 Health and Safety Engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors - Promote worksite or 

product safety by applying knowledge of industrial processes, mechanics, chemistry, psychology, and 

industrial health and safety laws. Includes industrial product safety engineers.

17-2121 Marine Engineers and Naval Architects - Design, develop, and evaluate the operation of marine 

vessels, ship machinery, and related equipment, such as power supply and propulsion systems.

17-2131 Materials Engineers - Evaluate materials and develop machinery and processes to manufacture 

materials for use in products that must meet specialized design and performance specifications. 

Develop new uses for known materials. Includes those engineers working with composite materials or 

specializing in one type of material, such as graphite, metal and metal alloys, ceramics and glass, 

plastics and polymers, and naturally occurring materials. Includes metallurgists and metallurgical 

engineers, ceramic engineers, and welding engineers.

17-2141 Mechanical Engineers - Perform engineering duties in planning and designing tools, engines, 

machines, and other mechanically functioning equipment. Oversee installation, operation, 

maintenance, and repair of equipment such as centralized heat, gas, water, and steam systems.

17-2199 Engineers, all other - All engineers not listed separately.
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Labor ID # Engineer Group 5

65 Junior Engineer Group 5

66 Journeyman Engineer Group 5

67 Senior Engineer Group 5

68 SME - Engineer Group 5

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

17-1021 Cartographers and Photogrammetrists - Collect, analyze, and interpret geographic information provided 

by geodetic surveys, aerial photographs, and satellite data. Research, study, and prepare maps and 

other spatial data in digital or graphic form for legal, social, political, educational, and design purposes. 

May work with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). May design and evaluate algorithms, data 

structures, and user interfaces for GIS and mapping systems.

17-1022 Surveyors - Make exact measurements and determine property boundaries. Provide data relevant to 

the shape, contour, gravitation, location, elevation, or dimension of land or land features on or near the 

earth's surface for engineering, mapmaking, mining, land evaluation, construction, and other purposes.

17-2021 Agriculture Engineers - Apply knowledge of engineering technology and biological science to 

agricultural problems concerned with power and machinery, electrification, structures, soil and water 

conservation, and processing of agricultural products.

Labor ID # Manager Group 1

69 Junior Manager Group 1

70 Journeyman Manager Group 1

71 Senior Manager Group 1

72 SME - Manager Group 1

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

11-1021 General and Operations Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of public or private 

sector organizations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily 

operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in 

nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, 

purchasing, or administrative services. Excludes First-Line Supervisors.

11-2011 Advertising and Promotions Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate advertising policies and programs or 

produce collateral materials, such as posters, contests, coupons, or give-aways, to create extra interest 

in the purchase of a product or service for a department, an entire organization, or on an account 

basis.

11-2021 Marketing Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate marketing policies and programs, such as determining 

the demand for products and services offered by a firm and its competitors, and identify potential 

customers. Develop pricing strategies with the goal of maximizing the firm's profits or share of the 

market while ensuring the firm's customers are satisfied. Oversee product development or monitor 

trends that indicate the need for new products and services.

11-2022 Sales Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the actual distribution or movement of a product or service 

to the customer. Coordinate sales distribution by establishing sales territories, quotas, and goals and 

establish training programs for sales representatives. Analyze sales statistics gathered by staff to 

determine sales potential and inventory requirements and monitor the preferences of customers.

11-3031 Financial Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate accounting, investing, banking, insurance, securities, 

and other financial activities of a branch, office, or department of an establishment.

11-9061 Funeral Service Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the services or resources of funeral homes. 

Includes activities such as determining prices for services or merchandise and managing the facilities 

of funeral homes. Excludes "Morticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Directors" (39-4031).
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Labor ID # Manager Group 2

73 Junior Manager Group 2

74 Journeyman Manager Group 2

75 Senior Manager Group 2

76 SME - Manager Group 2

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

11-2031 Public Relations and Fundraising Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate activities designed to create or 

maintain a favorable public image or raise issue awareness for their organization or client; or if 

engaged in fundraising, plan, direct, or coordinate activities to solicit and maintain funds for special 

projects or nonprofit organizations.

11-3111 Compensation and Benefits Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate compensation and benefits activities 

of an organization. Job analysis and position description managers are included in "Human Resource 

Managers" (11-3121).

11-9041 Architectural and Engineering Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as 

architecture and engineering or research and development in these fields. Excludes "Natural Sciences 

Managers" (11-9121).

11-9121 Natural Science Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as life sciences, physical 

sciences, mathematics, statistics, and research and development in these fields. Excludes 

"Architecture and Engineering Managers" (11-9041) and "Computer and Information Systems 

Managers" (11-3021).

11-9199 Managers, all other - All managers not listed separately.

Labor ID # Manager Group 3

77 Junior Manager Group 3

78 Journeyman Manager Group 3

79 Senior Manager Group 3

80 SME - Manager Group 3

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

11-3011 Administrative Services Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate one or more administrative services of 

an organization, such as records and information management, mail distribution, facilities planning and 

maintenance, custodial operations, and other office support services. Medical records administrators 

are included in "Medical and Health Services Managers" (11-9111). Excludes "Purchasing Managers" 

(11-3061).

11-3051 Industrial Production Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the work activities and resources 

necessary for manufacturing products in accordance with cost, quality, and quantity specifications.

11-3061 Purchasing Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of buyers, purchasing officers, and 

related workers involved in purchasing materials, products, and services. Includes wholesale or retail 

trade merchandising managers and procurement managers.

11-3071 Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate transportation, storage, 

or distribution activities in accordance with organizational policies and applicable government laws or 

regulations. Includes logistics managers.

11-3121 Human Resources Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate human resources activities and staff of an 

organization. Excludes managers who primarily focus on compensation and benefits (11-3111) and 

training and development (11-3131).

11-3131 Training and Development Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the training and development 

activities and staff of an organization.

11-9013 Farmers, Ranchers, and other Agricultural Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the management or 

operation of farms, ranches, greenhouses, aquacultural operations, nurseries, timber tracts, or other 

agricultural establishments. May hire, train, and supervise farm workers or contract for services to carry 

out the day-to-day activities of the managed operation. May engage in or supervise planting, 

cultivating, harvesting, and financial and marketing activities. Excludes “First-Line Supervisors of
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Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers” (45-1011).

11-9021 Construction Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate, usually through subordinate supervisory 

personnel, activities concerned with the construction and maintenance of structures, facilities, and 

systems. Participate in the conceptual development of a construction project and oversee its 

organization, scheduling, budgeting, and implementation. Includes managers in specialized 

construction fields, such as carpentry or plumbing.

11-9033 Education Administrators, Postsecondary - Plan, direct, or coordinate research, instructional, student 

administration and services, and other educational activities at postsecondary institutions, including 

universities, colleges, and junior and community colleges.

11-9039 Education Administrators, All Other - All education administrators not listed separately.

11-9081 Lodging Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that provides 

lodging and other accommodations. Excludes "Food Service Managers" (11-9051) in lodging 

establishments.

11-9111 Medical and Health Services Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate medical and health services in 

hospitals, clinics, managed care organizations, public health agencies, or similar organizations.

11-9141 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the selling, 

buying, leasing, or governance activities of commercial, industrial, or residential real estate properties. 

Includes managers of homeowner and condominium associations, rented or leased housing units, 

buildings, or land (including rights-of-way).

Labor ID # Manager Group 4

81 Junior Manager Group 4

82 Journeyman Manager Group 4

83 Senior Manager Group 4

84 SME - Manager Group 4

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

11-9031 Education Administrators, Preschool and Childcare Center/Program - Plan, direct, or coordinate the 

academic and nonacademic activities of preschool and childcare centers or programs. Excludes 

"Preschool Teachers" (25-2011).

11-9051 Food Service Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that 

serves food and beverages. Excludes "Chefs and Head Cooks" (35-1011).

11-9131 Postmasters and Mail Superintendents - Plan, direct, or coordinate operational, administrative, 

management, and supportive services of a U.S. post office; or coordinate activities of workers engaged 

in postal and related work in assigned post office.

11-9151 Social and Community Service Managers - Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of a social service 

program or community outreach organization. Oversee the program or organization's budget and 

policies regarding participant involvement, program requirements, and benefits. Work may involve 

directing social workers, counselors, or probation officers.

11-9161 Emergency Management Directors - Plan and direct disaster response or crisis management activities, 

provide disaster preparedness training, and prepare emergency plans and procedures for natural (e.g., 

hurricanes, floods, earthquakes), wartime, or technological (e.g., nuclear power plant emergencies or 

hazardous materials spills) disasters or hostage situations.

Labor ID # Scientists and Science Technicians Group 1

85 Junior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 1

86 Journeyman Scientists and Science Technicians Group 1

87 Senior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 1

88 SME - Scientists and Science Technicians Group 1

SOC No. SOC Title and Functional Description

19-1042 Medical Scientists, except Epidemiologists - Conduct research dealing with the understanding of
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human diseases and the improvement of human health. Engage in clinical investigation, research and 

development, or other related activities. Includes physicians, dentists, public health specialists, 

pharmacologists, and medical pathologists who primarily conduct research. Practitioners who primarily 

provide medical or dental care or dispense drugs are included in "Health Diagnosing and Treating 

Practitioners" (29-1000).

Labor ID # Scientists and Science Technicians Group 2

89 Junior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 2

90 Journeyman Scientists and Science Technicians Group 2

91 Senior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 2

92 SME - Scientists and Science Technicians Group 2

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

19-1011 Animal Scientist - Conduct research in the genetics, nutrition, reproduction, growth, and development 

of domestic farm animals.

19-1021 Biochemists and Biophysicists - Study the chemical composition or physical principles of living cells 

and organisms, their electrical and mechanical energy, and related phenomena. May conduct research 

to further understanding of the complex chemical combinations and reactions involved in metabolism, 

reproduction, growth, and heredity. May determine the effects of foods, drugs, serums, hormones, and 

other substances on tissues and vital processes of living organisms.

19-2012 Physicists - Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation 

and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories. Excludes "Biochemists and 

Biophysicists" (19-1021).

19-2042 Geoscientists, except Hydrologists and Geographers - Study the composition, structure, and other 

physical aspects of the Earth. May use geological, physics, and mathematics knowledge in exploration 

for oil, gas, minerals, or underground water; or in waste disposal, land reclamation, or other 

environmental problems. May study the Earth's internal composition, atmospheres, oceans, and its 

magnetic, electrical, and gravitational forces. Includes mineralogists, crystallographers, paleontologists, 

stratigraphers, geodesists, and seismologists.

Labor ID # Scientists and Science Technicians Group 3

93 Junior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 3

94 Journeyman Scientists and Science Technicians Group 3

95 Senior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 3

96 SME - Scientists and Science Technicians Group 3

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

19-1023 Zoologist and Wildlife Biologist - Study the origins, behavior, diseases, genetics, and life processes of 

animals and wildlife. May specialize in wildlife research and management. May collect and analyze 

biological data to determine the environmental effects of present and potential use of land and water 

habitats.

19-1029 Biological Scientists, all other - All biological scientists not listed separately.

19-1099 Life Scientists, all other - All life scientists not listed separately.

19-2011 Astronomers - Observe, research, and interpret astronomical phenomena to increase basic knowledge 

or apply such information to practical problems.

19-2031 Chemists - Conduct qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses or experiments in laboratories for 

quality or process control or to develop new products or knowledge. Excludes "Geoscientists, Except 

Hydrologists and Geographers" (19-2042) and "Biochemists and Biophysicists" (19-1021).

19-2041 Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health - Conduct research or perform investigation 

for the purpose of identifying, abating, or eliminating sources of pollutants or hazards that affect either 

the environment or the health of the population. Using knowledge of various scientific disciplines, may 

collect, synthesize, study, report, and recommend action based on data derived from measurements or
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observations of air, food, soil, water, and other sources. Excludes "Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists" 

(19-1023), "Conservation Scientists" (19-1031), "Forest and Conservation Technicians" (19-4093),

"Fish and Game Wardens" (33-3031), and "Forest and Conservation Workers" (45-4011).

19-2043 Hydrologists - Research the distribution, circulation, and physical properties of underground and 

surface waters; and study the form and intensity of precipitation, its rate of infiltration into the soil, 

movement through the earth, and its return to the ocean and atmosphere.

19-2099 Physical Scientists, All Other - All physical scientists not listed separately.

19-3011 Economists - Conduct research, prepare reports, or formulate plans to address economic problems 

related to the production and distribution of goods and services or monetary and fiscal policy. May 

collect and process economic and statistical data using sampling techniques and econometric 

methods. Excludes "Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists" (13-1161).

19-3032 Industrial-Organizational Psychologists - Apply principles of psychology to human resources, 

administration, management, sales, and marketing problems. Activities may include policy planning; 

employee testing and selection, training and development; and organizational development and 

analysis. May work with management to organize the work setting to improve worker productivity.

19-3039 Psychologists, all other - All psychologists not listed separately.

19-3041 Sociologists - Study human society and social behavior by examining the groups and social institutions 

that people form, as well as various social, religious, political, and business organizations. May study 

the behavior and interaction of groups, trace their origin and growth, and analyze the influence of group 

activities on individual members.

19-3092 Geographers - Study the nature and use of areas of the Earth's surface, relating and interpreting 

interactions of physical and cultural phenomena. Conduct research on physical aspects of a region, 

including land forms, climates, soils, plants, and animals, and conduct research on the spatial 

implications of human activities within a given area, including social characteristics, economic activities, 

and political organization, as well as researching interdependence between regions at scales ranging 

from local to global.

19-3094 Political Scientists - Study the origin, development, and operation of political systems. May study 

topics, such as public opinion, political decision-making, and ideology. May analyze the structure and 

operation of governments, as well as various political entities. May conduct public opinion surveys, 

analyze election results, or analyze public documents. Excludes "Survey Researchers" (19-3022).

19-4041 Geological and Petroleum Technicians - Assist scientists or engineers in the use of electronic, sonic, or 

nuclear measuring instruments in both laboratory and production activities to obtain data indicating 

potential resources such as metallic ore, minerals, gas, coal, or petroleum. Analyze mud and drill 

cuttings. Chart pressure, temperature, and other characteristics of wells or bore holes. Investigate and 

collect information leading to the possible discovery of new metallic ore, minerals, gas, coal, or 

petroleum deposits.

19-4051 Nuclear Technicians - Assist nuclear physicists, nuclear engineers, or other scientists in laboratory or 

production activities. May operate, maintain, or provide quality control for nuclear testing and research 

equipment. May monitor radiation.

Labor ID # Scientists and Science Technicians Group 4

97 Junior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 4

98 Journeyman Scientists and Science Technicians Group 4

99 Senior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 4

100 SME - Scientists and Science Technicians Group 4

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

19-1012 Food Scientists and Technologists - Use chemistry, microbiology, engineering, and other sciences to 

study the principles underlying the processing and deterioration of foods; analyze food content to 

determine levels of vitamins, fat, sugar, and protein; discover new food sources; research ways to 

make processed foods safe, palatable, and healthful; and apply food science knowledge to determine
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best ways to process, package, preserve, store, and distribute food.

19-1013 Soil and Plant Scientist - Conduct research in breeding, physiology, production, yield, and 

management of crops and agricultural plants or trees, shrubs, and nursery stock, their growth in soils, 

and control of pests; or study the chemical, physical, biological, and mineralogical composition of soils 

as they relate to plant or crop growth. May classify and map soils and investigate effects of alternative 

practices on soil and crop productivity.

19-1022 Microbiologists - Investigate the growth, structure, development, and other characteristics of 

microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, algae, or fungi. Includes medical microbiologists who study 

the relationship between organisms and disease or the effects of antibiotics on microorganisms.

19-1031 Conservation Scientist - Manage, improve, and protect natural resources to maximize their use without 

damaging the environment. May conduct soil surveys and develop plans to eliminate soil erosion or to 

protect rangelands. May instruct farmers, agricultural production managers, or ranchers in best ways to 

use crop rotation, contour plowing, or terracing to conserve soil and water; in the number and kind of 

livestock and forage plants best suited to particular ranges; and in range and farm improvements, such 

as fencing and reservoirs for stock watering. Excludes "Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists" (19-1023) 

and "Foresters" (19-1032).

19-1041 Epidemiologists - Investigate and describe the determinants and distribution of disease, disability, or 

health outcomes. May develop the means for prevention and control.

19-2021 Atmospheric and Space Scientists - Investigate atmospheric phenomena and interpret meteorological 

data, gathered by surface and air stations, satellites, and radar to prepare reports and forecasts for 

public and other uses. Includes weather analysts and forecasters whose functions require the detailed 

knowledge of meteorology.

19-2032 Materials Scientists - Research and study the structures and chemical properties of various natural and 

synthetic or composite materials, including metals, alloys, rubber, ceramics, semiconductors, polymers, 

and glass. Determine ways to strengthen or combine materials or develop new materials with new or 

specific properties for use in a variety of products and applications. Includes glass scientists, ceramic 

scientists, metallurgical scientists, and polymer scientists.

19-3022 Survey Researchers - Plan, develop, or conduct surveys. May analyze and interpret the meaning of 

survey data, determine survey objectives, or suggest or test question wording. Includes social 

scientists who primarily design questionnaires or supervise survey teams. Excludes "Market Research 

Analysts and Marketing Specialists" (13-1161) and "Statisticians" (15-2041).

19-3031 Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists - Diagnose and treat mental disorders; learning 

disabilities; and cognitive, behavioral, and emotional problems, using individual, child, family, and 

group therapies. May design and implement behavior modification programs.

19-3051 Urban and Regional Planners - Develop comprehensive plans and programs for use of land and 

physical facilities of jurisdictions, such as towns, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas.

19-3091 Anthropologists and Archeologists - Study the origin, development, and behavior of human beings. 

May study the way of life, language, or physical characteristics of people in various parts of the world. 

May engage in systematic recovery and examination of material evidence, such as tools or pottery 

remaining from past human cultures, in order to determine the history, customs, and living habits of 

earlier civilizations.

19-3099 Social Scientists and Related Workers, all other - All social scientists and related workers not listed 

separately.

19-4061 Social Science Research Assistants - Assist social scientists in laboratory, survey, and other social 

science research. May help prepare findings for publication and assist in laboratory analysis, quality 

control, or data management. Excludes "Graduate Teaching Assistants" (25-1191).

19-4092 Forensic Science Technicians - Collect, identify, classify, and analyze physical evidence related to 

criminal investigations. Perform tests on weapons or substances, such as fiber, hair, and tissue to 

determine significance to investigation. May testify as expert witnesses on evidence or crime laboratory 

techniques. May serve as specialists in area of expertise, such as ballistics, fingerprinting, handwriting, 

or biochemistry.
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19-4099 Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, all other - All life, physical, and social science 

technicians not listed separately.

Labor ID # Scientists and Science Technicians Group 5

101 Junior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 5

102 Journeyman Scientists and Science Technicians Group 5

103 Senior Scientists and Science Technicians Group 5

104 SME - Scientists and Science Technicians Group 5

SOC No. SOC Titles and Functional Descriptions

19-1032 Foresters - Manage public and private forested lands for economic, recreational, and conservation 

purposes. May inventory the type, amount, and location of standing timber, appraise the timber's worth, 

negotiate the purchase, and draw up contracts for procurement. May determine how to conserve 

wildlife habitats, creek beds, water quality, and soil stability, and how best to comply with environmental 

regulations. May devise plans for planting and growing new trees, monitor trees for healthy growth, and 

determine optimal harvesting schedules.

19-3093 Historians - Research, analyze, record, and interpret the past as recorded in sources, such as 

government and institutional records, newspapers and other periodicals, photographs, interviews, films, 

electronic media, and unpublished manuscripts, such as personal diaries and letters.

19-4011 Agricultural and Food Science Technicians - Work with agricultural and food scientists in food, fiber, 

and animal research, production, and processing; and assist with animal breeding and nutrition.

Conduct tests and experiments to improve yield and quality of crops or to increase the resistance of 

plants and animals to disease or insects. Includes technicians who assist food scientists or 

technologists in the research and development of production technology, quality control, packaging, 

processing, and use of foods.

19-4021 Biological Technicians - Assist biological and medical scientists in laboratories. Set up, operate, and 

maintain laboratory instruments and equipment, monitor experiments, make observations, and 

calculate and record results. May analyze organic substances, such as blood, food, and drugs.

19-4031 Chemical Technicians - Conduct chemical and physical laboratory tests to assist scientists in making 

qualitative and quantitative analyses of solids, liquids, and gaseous materials for research and 

development of new products or processes, quality control, maintenance of environmental standards, 

and other work involving experimental, theoretical, or practical application of chemistry and related 

sciences.

19-4091 Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, including Health - Perform laboratory and field 

tests to monitor the environment and investigate sources of pollution, including those that affect health, 

under the direction of an environmental scientist, engineer, or other specialist. May collect samples of 

gases, soil, water, and other materials for testing.

19-4093 Forest and Conservation Technicians - Provide technical assistance regarding the conservation of soil, 

water, forests, or related natural resources. May compile data pertaining to size, content, condition, and 

other characteristics of forest tracts, under the direction of foresters; or train and lead forest workers in 

forest propagation, fire prevention and suppression. May assist conservation scientists in managing, 

improving, and protecting rangelands and wildlife habitats. Excludes "Conservation Scientists" (19-

1031) and "Foresters" (19-1032).