P u rsuan t t o 5 T H C IR . R. 47. 5, t h e courtha s det erm i n ed that t h i s opi n i on * shou l d n otbe pu bl i shedan d i s not preceden texcept u n der t h e l i m i t ed c i r c um s t anc e s s e tf

o r t h i n 5 T H C IR . R. 47. 5. 4. 

### INTHE UNITED S TATESCOU RT OFAPPEALS

FORTHEFIFTH CIRCU IT

N o. 08- 60315 Su m m ar y Cal endar
F R E D E R IC KM O S H E O M O N D I P et i t i on er
v. ERI C H H OLD ER, J R, US ATTORN EY GE N ERA L Res po nde nt
Pet i t i o n f

o rRev i e w o f

a n Ord e ro f

t he B o a r do f Im m ig r a tio n A p p e a ls B IAN o. A 96- 044- 375
B ef ore D AV IS, G A R Z Aan d P R A D O , C i rcui tJu dg es. P E R C U R IA M: * F rederi ck M oshe O m on dii s a n ative an d cit i zen of K en ya. H e w as ordered to be de p orted to t h e U n i tedKi n gd om , if a ccep ted , or to K en ya , fo rfa ili n g to abide by t h e t erm s of hi s s t u den tvi sa. H e app ea ls th e d e n ialof hi s c l ai m s f

or asyl u m , w i t h h ol di n g of rem oval, an d rel i ef un d e r the C on ven t i on A gainst Tor t ur e ( CA T)
. To obtai n rel i e f, O m o ndi“ m us ts ho w t hatt he e vi de nc e he United States Court of App eals

Fifth Circuit 

### F I L E D June 9, 20 09 Cha rl es R. F ulb ru g e II I ClerkN o. 08- 60315

2 pre se nt ed w as s o c om pell i ng t hatno r eas onabl e fac t f i nderc oul d fai lt o f

i nd” t hat h e w a s e n tit le dto re lie f. I NS v
. El i as - Zac ar i as , 5 0 2 U .S . 4 7 8 , 4 8 3 -8 4 (1 9 9 2 ). Th e I m m i g r a t i o n J u d g e (I J ) a n d t h e Bo a r d o f I m m i g r a t i o n Ap p e a l s ( BIA) a g r e e dt h a t O m o n d i’ s a s y lu m cla im is b a r r e db e c a u s e h e d idn o t r a is e it w ith in o n e y e a ro f e n te r in gt h e U n ite dS ta te s . S ee A rif v. Mu ka sey , 509 F. 3d 677, 680 (5 th C ir . 2 0 0 7 ); 8 U .S .C . § 1 1 5 8 (a )(2 )(B ), (D ). O m o n d i fa ils to ch a lle n g e th is is s u e a n d , ina n ye v e n t, w e la c kju r is d ic tio n to re v ie w th e fa c tu a l b a s is fo rth is r u lin g . A rif

, 5 0 9 F .3 da t 6 8 0
. T o obtai n w i t h h ol di n g of rem oval, O m o n d im u stshow “t h at iti s m ore l i kely th an not th at [h i s] l i fe or f reedom w ou l d be t h reat en ed bypersecuti on on ac c ountof

hi s r ac e, r eli gi on, nat i onal i t y, m em ber shi p i n a par t i c ul ars oc i al gr ou p , or p oliti ca lop i n i on . ” I d. “ [ P ] ersec u t i on i s an extr em e concept t h at does n ot i n cl u d e ev erysort of t rea tm en t ou r soc ietyreg a rd s as off en sive.” I

d. (in te r n a l q u o ta tio n m a r k s a n dcit a tio n o m itt e d). O m ondiar gues he fac es a li kel ihood o f pers ec ut i on o rt or t ure by K enyan p o lic e b e c a u s e th e yd e ta in e d a n db e a t h im o n c e in1 9 9 7 fo rh is in v o lv e m e n t in as tu d e n t r io t. T h is s in g le d e te n tio n d o e s n o t r is e t o t h e le v e l o f p e r s e c u tio n . S ee A b d e l

- Ma s i e h v . I

NS , 73 F. 3d 579, 584 ( 5t h C i r . 1997)
. M or eo ver , O m ondihas m ade no sho w i ng t hat t he det ent i on w as due t o hi s “ r ac e, r eli gi on, nat i onal i t y, m em b ersh i p ina pa rti cu l a r social grou p , or p oliti ca lop i n i on . ” A rif , 509 F. 3d at 6 8 0 -8 1 . O m o n d i co n te n d s th a t t h e K e n y a n g o v e r n m e n t w o u ldd e ta in h im u p o n h is r e tu r n to K e n y ab e c a u s e h e w a s d e p o r te do n cr im in a l g r o u n d s . H e b a s e dth is as s e r t i o n o n t he e xp e r i e nc e o f a n a c qua i nt anc e w ho ha d b e e n de po r t e d f o rdr ug tr a ffic k in ga n dd e ta in e dfo rs e v e r a l d a y s o n h i s r e tu r n . T h is co n te n tio n is basel ess beca u se O m on di ’ s 2007 federalconvi ct i on f or t raf f i cki n g i n st ol en pr o p e rty is not th e groun d f or hi s r em oval. M oreover, hi s s i n gl e it em of u n c o n fi r m e da n e c d o t a l e v id e n c e d o e s n o tc o m p e l afi n d in gth a tth e B IA ’s r eje c tio n o f th is cla im w a s in c o r r e c t.N o. 08- 60315

3 O m on dip rim a rily asser t s th at he fears persec u t i on f rom t h e outl aw ed M u n gi ki organ i zati on . Th e M u n g ik i began as an a n t i

- W est ern rel i gi ou s, c ul t ural , and poli t i c alm ove m en t b u t isnow ge ner al l y r egar ded as m or e o f an unde r w o r l d g ang , i m pl i c at e d i n wi de s pr e adm ur de r , r o bb e r y, e xt o r t i o n, k id n a p in g , a n do th e rfo r m s o f te r r o r is m a n dv io le n c e . O m o n d i te s tifie dth a t h is m ot h er w as on ce a M u n gi ki cl eri c. A f t er th e M u n gi ki bega n t o t ak e on a m ore vi o l e nta nd c r i m i nala s pe c t , O m o ndi ’ s m o t he r r e no unc e d he rm e m be r s hi p i n t he or gani zati on . Evi dent l y as a r es ul tof herdef

ec t i on, s he w as m urde r ed bya M u n g ik i d e a th s q u a d
. “ Per s e c ut i o n” m us tb e i nf l i c t e d un de rg o ve r nm e nts anc t i o n, o r byg r o ups “the go ve rn m en t i s u n a b l e or u n w i l l i n g to co n trol. ” A d e b i s iv . I NS , 952 F. 2d 910, 914 ( 5th C i r. 199 2) (i n t erna lqu ot ati on m arks om i t t ed). S i m i l arl y, t ort u re f or pur po s e s o f

O m o ndi ’ s c l ai m s f

o rr e l i e f und e rt he CA T m us tb e “w i t h t he c o ns e nt o ra c q u ie s c e n c e o f ap u b lico ffic ia l o ro th e rp e r s o n a c tin gina n o ffic ia l ca p a c ity .” Zhang , 43 2 F. 3da t3 45
. The M ung i kia r e no tag o ve r nm e nto r ga ni z at i o n, a nd O m o ndi ’ s o w n e vi de nc e s ho w s t hatt he go ve r nm e ntof K e nyai s a c t ive l y f

i ght i ng t h e M u n gi ki. W e cann otconcl u de that t h e K en yan governm en ti s un w i l l i n g or u n a b le to co n tr o l th e M u n g ik i. M o r e o v e r , O m o n d i d o e s n o t c h a lle n g e t h e B I A ’ s fin d in gth a t h e is n o t in as im ila rs itu a tio n a s h is m u r d e r e d m o t h e rw h o w a s afo r m e rM u n g ik i cle r ic t ar ge t e d f

o rde fe c t i ng f

r o m t he M ung i ki
. I n a ddit i o n, g ive n t he e vi de nt m eta m orp h osis of th e M u n gik ii n to a crim i n a lga n g, O m on d ih a s fa i l edto e s t ab l i s h t hata ny ac t i o n t ak e n ag ai ns t hi m by t he M ung i ki w o ul d b e o n a c c o unt of a forbidd en rea son ra th er th a n a s ape rson a lve n d etta orran d om cri m i n a lact. Cf
. El i as - Zac ar i as , 5 0 2 U .S
. a t 4 8 2 (h o ld in gth a t “th e m e re ex iste n ce of a gen era li z ed ‘ pol i t i cal ’m ot ive” does n otest abli sh p ersec u t i on on f orbi dd en g r o u n d); seeMw em bi e v. G on zales , 4 43 F. 3d405 , 4 14 ( 5th Ci r . 2 00 6) ( de nyi ng rel ief desp i t e evi den ce of egregi ou s abu se because the persecuti on w as not on a c c o u n t o f a n yo f fo rb id d e n re a s o n ).N o. 08- 60315

4 O m on di fai l s t o m ak e an y argu m en t specif i c t o t h e C A T or t o establ i sh t hatiti s m ore li k ely t han nott hathe w oul d be t or t ure d if r et urned t o K enya. O m o n d i’ s C A T cla im is b o th w a iv e da n du n s u b s t a n t i a te d
. S eeMw em b ie , 443 F .3 da t 4 1 5 -1 6
. O m on d if

u rth er co n ten d s i n a co n cl u sion a lm a n n er th a t his IJ h ea ri ng w as unfairduet o b i as a nd pr ej udi c e ; t he i m m i gr at i o n co ur t s ’t r e at m e nto f Af r i c ans violates th e E q u a lP rotection an dD u e P roce ss cl a u ses ; the i m m i gr a ti on cou rts fai l ed t o c on sider e vi denc e o f c hanged c ondi t i ons i n K enya; t he B IAer r ed by adopt i ng t he I J’ s dec i si on w i t houtopi ni on; t he pr es um pt i on t hathi s fede r al c r i m e i nvo lve d m o r alt ur pi t u de de pr ive s hi m o f duepr o c e s s ; a nd the i m m i grati on court s fai l ed t o con si der cum u l ative h ardsh i p fact ors. H e ha s fai l ed t o of fer anyargu m en tor au t h orit i es i n sup port of t h ese bare asser t i on s; t h ey are in s u ffic ie n t t o p r e s e rv e is s u e s fo ra p p e a l. S ee Ch am bers v. Mu ka sey , 520 F. 3d 4 4 5 , 4 4 8 n .1 (5 th C ir. 2 0 0 8 ); B ri n km an n v. D allas Cou n ty D epu ty S h erif f A bn er , 8 1 3 F .2 d7 4 4 , 7 4 8 (5 th C ir . 1 9 8 7 ). O m on di h as fai l ed t o show t h at t h e evi den ce com pel l ed a concl u si on ot h er th a n th a t r e a c h e db yth e IJ a n d B IA
. Se eEl i as - Zac ar i as , 502 U
. S. at483- 84. T h e p e t i t i o n f

o rr e v i e w i s DE NI ED
.