Subpart CCCC—Standards of Performance for Commercia l and

Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units Introduction § 60.2000 What does this subpart do? This subpart establishes new source performance sta ndards for commercial and industrial solid waste incinerat ion (CISWI) units. § 60.2005 When does this subpart become effective? This subpart takes effect on September 21, 2011 . [THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL
REGISTER ]. Some of the requirements in this subpart apply to planning the CISWI unit (i.e., the preconstruction requirements in §§60.2045 and 60.2050). Other requirements such as the emission limitations and operating limits apply aft er the CISWI unit begins operation. Applicability § 60.2010 Does this subpart apply to my incineratio n unit? Yes, if your incineration unit meets all the requir ements specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this sec tion. (a) Your incineration unit is a new incineration un it as defined in §60.2015. (b) Your incineration unit is a CISWI unit as defin ed in §60.2265. (c) Your incineration unit is not exempt under §60. 2020. § 60.2015 What is a new incineration unit?Page 2 of 322

(a) A new incineration unit is an incineration unit that meets any of the criteria specified in paragraph (a )(1) through (a)(2) of this section. (1) A commercial and industrial solid waste incineration CISWI unit that commenced construction after May 20, 2011 June 4, 2010
. (2) A commercial and industrial solid waste incineration CISWI unit that commenced reconstruction or modification after September 21, 2011. [THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER

PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGIST ER]. (b) This subpart does not affect your CISWI unit if you make physical or operational changes to your incine ration unit primarily to comply with the EG in subpart DDDD of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Comme rcial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units). Such ch anges do not qualify as reconstruction or modification under thi s subpart. § 60.2020 What combustion units are exempt from thi s subpart? This subpart exempts the types of units described i n paragraphs (a), (c) through (i) and (n) of this sec tion, but some units are required to provide notifications. A ir curtain incinerators are exempt from the requirements in th is subpart except for the provisions in §§60.2242, 60.2250, an d 60.2260. (a) Pathological waste incineration units . Incineration units burning 90 percent or more by weight (on a ca lendarPage 3 of 322

quarter basis and excluding the weight of auxiliary fuel and combustion air) of pathological waste, low-level ra dioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste as defined in §60.2265 are not subject to this subpart if you meet the two req uirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this sect ion. (1) Notify the Administrator that the unit meets th ese criteria. (2) Keep records on a calendar quarter basis of the weight of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste burned, and the weight of al l other fuels and wastes burned in the unit. (b) [Reserved] (c) Municipal waste combustion units . Incineration units
that are regulated under subject to subpart Ea of this part (Standards of Performance for Municipal Waste Combu stors); subpart Eb of this part (Standards of Performance f or Large Municipal Waste Combustors); subpart Cb of this par t (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Time for Large Municipal Combustors);subpart AAAA of this part (Standards of Performance for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units); or sub part BBBB of this part (Emission Guidelines for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units). (d) Medical waste incineration units . Incineration units regulated under subpart Ec of this part (Standards ofPage 4 of 322

Performance for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste I ncinerators for Which Construction is Commenced After June 20, 1996) or subpart Ce of this part (Emission Guidelines and Co mpliance Times for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Inciner ators). (e) Small power production facilities . Units that meet the three requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(1) t hrough (3) of this section. (1) The unit qualifies as a small power-production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)). (2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refusederived fuel) to produce electricity. (3) You submit a request to the Administrator for a determination that the qualifying cogeneration small power production facility is combusting homogenous waste as that term is defined in §60.2265 . The request must include information sufficient to document that the unit meets the crit eria of the definition of a small power production facility and that the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homo geneous. (4) You maintain the records specified in §60.2175( w). (f) Cogeneration facilities . Units that meet the three requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section.Page 5 of 322

(1) The unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility u nder section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C
. 796(18)(B)). (2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refusederived fuel) to produce electricity and steam or o ther forms of energy used for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling

purposes. (3) You submit a request to the Administrator for a determination that the qualifying cogeneration faci lity is combusting homogenous waste as that term is defined in §60.2265.
. The request must include information sufficient to document that the unit meets the criteria of the de finition of a cogeneration facility and that the waste material t he unit is combusting is homogeneous. (4) You maintain the records specified in §60.2175( x). (g) Hazardous waste combustion units . Units for which you are required to get a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. (h) Materials recovery units . Units that combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals, such as p rimary and secondary smelters. (i) Air curtain incinerators . Air curtain incinerators that burn only the materials listed in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3)Page 6 of 322

of this section are only required to meet the requi rements under “Air Curtain Incinerators” (§§60.2245 through 60.22 60). (1) 100 percent wood waste. (2) 100 percent clean lumber. (3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean l umber, and/or yard waste. (j) [Reserved] (k) [Reserved] (l) [Reserved] (m) Sewage treatment plants . Incineration units regulated under subpart O of this part (Standards of Performa nce for Sewage Treatment Plants). (n) Sewage sludge incineration units . Incineration units combusting sewage sludge for the purpose of reducin g the volume of the sewage sludge by removing combustible matter that are subject to subpart LLLL of this part (Standards of Performance for Sewage Sludge Incineration Units) or subpart MM MM of this part (Emission Guidelines for Sewage Sludge Inciner ation Units). Sewage sludge incineration unit designs include flu idized bed and multiple hear th. (o) Other solid waste incineration units. Incinerat ion units that are subject to subpart EEEE of this part (Standards of Performance for Other Solid Waste Incineration U nits) orPage 7 of 322

subpart FFFF of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Other Solid Waste Incineration Units). § 60.2030 Who implements and enforces this subpart? (a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), or a de legated authority such as your State, local, or tribal agen cy. If the EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your s tate, local, or tribal agency, then that agency (as well as EPA) has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. Yo u should contact your EPA Regional Office to find out if thi s subpart is delegated to your state, local, or tribal agency. (b) In delegating implementation and enforcement au thority of this subpart to a state, local, or tribal agency , the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this sect ion are retained by the EPA Administrator and are not trans ferred to the state, local, or tribal agency. (c) The authorities that will not be delegated to s tate, local, or tribal agencies are specified in paragrap hs (c)(1) through (4) and (c)(6) through (10) of this section
. (1) Approval of alternatives to the emission limita tions in table 1 of this subpart and operating limits establ ished under §60.2110. (2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods. (3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring.Page 8 of 322

(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting. (5) [Reserved] (6) The requirements in §60.2115. (7) The requirements in §60.2100(b)(2). (8) Approval of alternative opacity emission limits in §60.2105 under §60.11(e)(6) through (e)(8). (9) Performance test and data reduction waivers und er §60.2125(j), 60.8(b)(4) and (5). (10) Determination of whether a qualifying small po wer production facility or cogeneration facility under §60.2020(e) or (f) is combusting homogenous waste as that term is defined in §60.2265
. § 60.2035 How are these new source performance stan dards structured? These new source performance standards contain the eleven major components listed in paragraphs (a) through ( k) of this section. (a) Preconstruction siting analysis. (b) Waste management plan. (c) Operator training and qualification. (d) Emission limitations and operating limits. (e) Performance testing. (f) Initial compliance requirements.Page 9 of 322

(g) Continuous compliance requirements. (h) Monitoring. (i) Recordkeeping and reporting. (j) Definitions. (k) Tables. § 60.2040 Do all eleven components of these new sou rce performance standards apply at the same time? No. You must meet the preconstruction siting analys is and waste management plan requirements before you comme nce construction of the CISWI unit. The operator traini ng and qualification, emission limitations, operating limi ts, performance testing and compliance, monitoring, and most recordkeeping and reporting requirements are met af ter the CISWI unit begins operation. Preconstruction Siting Analysis § 60.2045 Who must prepare a siting analysis? (a) You must prepare a siting analysis if you plan to commence construction of an incinerator after Decem ber 1, 2000. (b) You must prepare a siting analysis for CISWI un its that commenced construction after June 4, 2010, or that commenced reconstruction or modification after September 21, 2011. [THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE I N THE FEDERAL REGISTER].Page 10 of 322

(c) You must prepare a siting analysis if you are r equired to submit an initial application for a construction permit under 40 CFR part 51, subpart I, or 40 CFR part 52, as ap plicable, for the reconstruction or modification of your CISWI un it. § 60.2050 What is a siting analysis? (a) The siting analysis must consider air pollution control alternatives that minimize, on a site-specific basi s, to the maximum extent practicable, potential risks to publ ic health or the environment. In considering such alternatives, the analysis may consider costs, energy impacts, nonair environm ental impacts, or any other factors related to the practi cability of the alternatives. (b) Analyses of your CISWI unit's impacts that are prepared to comply with state, local, or other Federal regul atory requirements may be used to satisfy the requirement s of this section, provided they include the consideration of air pollution control alternatives specified in paragra ph (a) of this section. (c) You must complete and submit the siting require ments of this section as required under §60.2190(c) prior to commencing construction. Waste Management Plan § 60.2055 What is a waste management plan?Page 11 of 322

A waste management plan is a written plan that iden tifies both the feasibility and the methods used to reduce or separate certain components of solid waste from the waste st ream in order to reduce or eliminate toxic emissions from inciner ated waste. § 60.2060 When must I submit my waste management pl an? You must submit a waste management plan prior to co mmencing construction. § 60.2065 What should I include in my waste managem ent plan? A waste management plan must include consideration of the reduction or separation of waste-stream elements su ch as paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, batteries, or metals; o r the use of recyclable materials. The plan must identify any ad ditional waste management measures and implement those measu res the source considers practical and feasible, considerin g the effectiveness of waste management measures already in place, the costs of additional measures, the emissions reducti ons expected to be achieved, and any other environmental or ener gy impacts they might have. Operator Training and Qualification § 60.2070 What are the operator training and qualif ication requirements? (a) No CISWI unit can be operated unless a fully tr ained and qualified CISWI unit operator is accessible, ei ther at the facility or can be at the facility within 1 hour. T he trainedPage 12 of 322

and qualified CISWI unit operator may operate the C ISWI unit directly or be the direct supervisor of one or more other plant personnel who operate the unit. If all qualified CI SWI unit operators are temporarily not accessible, you must follow the procedures in §60.2100. (b) Operator training and qualification must be obt ained through a state-approved program or by completing t he requirements included in paragraph (c) of this sect ion. (c) Training must be obtained by completing an inci nerator operator training course that includes, at a minimu m, the three elements described in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) Training on the eleven subjects listed in parag raphs (c)(1)(i) through (xi) of this section. (i) Environmental concerns, including types of emis sions. (ii) Basic combustion principles, including product s of combustion. (iii) Operation of the specific type of incinerator to be used by the operator, including proper startup, was te charging, and shutdown procedures. (iv) Combustion controls and monitoring. (v) Operation of air pollution control equipment an d factors affecting performance (if applicable).Page 13 of 322

(vi) Inspection and maintenance of the incinerator and air pollution control devices. (vii) Actions to prevent and correct malfunctions o r to prevent conditions that may lead to malfunctions. (viii) Bottom and fly ash characteristics and handl ing procedures. (ix) Applicable Federal, State, and local regulatio ns, including Occupational Safety and Health Administra tion workplace standards. (x) Pollution prevention. (xi) Waste management practices. (2) An examination designed and administered by the instructor. (3) Written material covering the training course t opics that may serve as reference material following comp letion of the

course. § 60.2075 When must the operator training course be completed? The operator training course must be completed by t he later of the three dates specified in paragraphs (a) thro ugh (c) of this section. (a) Six months after your CISWI unit startup. (b) December 3, 2001.Page 14 of 322

(c) The date before an employee assumes responsibil ity for operating the CISWI unit or assumes responsibility for supervising the operation of the CISWI unit. § 60.2080 How do I obtain my operator qualification ? (a) You must obtain operator qualification by compl eting a training course that satisfies the criteria under § 60.2070(b). (b) Qualification is valid from the date on which t he training course is completed and the operator succe ssfully passes the examination required under §60.2070(c)(2 ). § 60.2085 How do I maintain my operator qualificati on? To maintain qualification, you must complete an ann ual review or refresher course covering, at a minimum, the five topics described in paragraphs (a) through (e) of t his section. (a) Update of regulations. (b) Incinerator operation, including startup and sh utdown procedures, waste charging, and ash handling. (c) Inspection and maintenance. (d) Prevention and correction of malfunctions or co nditions that may lead to malfunction. (e) Discussion of operating problems encountered by
attendees. § 60.2090 How do I renew my lapsed operator qualifi cation?Page 15 of 322

You must renew a lapsed operator qualification by o ne of the two methods specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) For a lapse of less than 3 years, you must comp lete a standard annual refresher course described in §60.2 085. (b) For a lapse of 3 years or more, you must repeat the initial qualification requirements in §60.2080(a). § 60.2095 What site-specific documentation is requi red? (a) Documentation must be available at the facility and readily accessible for all CISWI unit operators tha t addresses the ten topics described in paragraphs (a)(1) throu gh (10) of this section. You must maintain this information an d the training records required by paragraph (c) of this section in a manner that they can be readily accessed and are su itable for inspection upon request. (1) Summary of the applicable standards under this subpart. (2) Procedures for receiving, handling, and chargin g waste. (3) Incinerator startup, shutdown, and malfunction procedures. (4) Procedures for maintaining proper combustion ai r supply
levels. (5) Procedures for operating the incinerator and as sociated air pollution control systems within the standards established under this subpart.Page 16 of 322

(6) Monitoring procedures for demonstrating complia nce with the incinerator operating limits. (7) Reporting and recordkeeping procedures. (8) The waste management plan required under §§60.2 055 through 60.2065. (9) Procedures for handling ash. (10) A list of the wastes burned during the perform ance
test. (b) You must establish a program for reviewing the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section with each incinerator operator. (1) The initial review of the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted wit hin 6 months after the effective date of this subpart or prior t o an employee's assumption of responsibilities for opera tion of the CISWI unit, whichever date is later. (2) Subsequent annual reviews of the information li sted in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted not later than 12 months following the previous review. (c) You must also maintain the information specifie d in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operato rs who have completed review of the information in §60.209 5(a) asPage 17 of 322

required by §60.2095(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews. (2) Records showing the names of the CISWI operator s who have completed the operator training requirements u nder §60.2070, met the criteria for qualification under §60.2080, and maintained or renewed their qualification under §60 .2085 or §60.2090. Records must include documentation of tra ining, the dates of the initial and refresher training, and th e dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications. (3) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or p ager number at which they can be reached during operatin g hours. § 60.2100 What if all the qualified operators are t emporarily not accessible? If all qualified operators are temporarily not acce ssible (i.e., not at the facility and not able to be at th e facility within 1 hour), you must meet one of the two criter ia specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, dependin g on the length of time that a qualified operator is not acc essible. (a) When all qualified operators are not accessible for more than 8 hours, but less than 2 weeks, the CISWI unit may be operated by other plant personnel familiar with the operation of the CISWI unit who have completed a review of the i nformation specified in §60.2095(a) within the past 12 months. However, youPage 18 of 322

must record the period when all qualified operators were not accessible and include this deviation in the annual report as specified under §60.2210. (b) When all qualified operators are not accessible for 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions that a re described in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Notify the Administrator of this deviation in w riting within 10 days. In the notice, state what caused th is deviation, what you are doing to ensure that a qualified opera tor is accessible, and when you anticipate that a qualifie d operator will be accessible. (2) Submit a status report to the Administrator eve ry 4 weeks outlining what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, stating when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible and requestin g approval from the Administrator to continue operation of the CISWI unit. You must submit the first status report 4 weeks aft er you notify the Administrator of the deviation under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. If the Administrator notifies you tha t your request to continue operation of the CISWI unit is disapproved, the CISWI unit may continue operation for 90 days, then must cease operation. Operation of the unit may resume i f you meet the two requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (i i) of this section.Page 19 of 322

(i) A qualified operator is accessible as required under §60.2070(a). (ii) You notify the Administrator that a qualified operator is accessible and that you are resuming operation. Emission Limitations and Operating Limits § 60.2105 What emission limitations must I meet and by when? (a) You must meet the emission limitations for each CISWI unit, including bypass stack or vent, specified in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart by the applicable date in §60.2140. You must be in complia nce with the emission limitations of this subpart that apply to you at all times. (b) An incinerator unit that commenced construction after November 30, 1999, but no later than June 4, 2010 , or that commenced reconstruction or modification on or afte r June 1, 2001 , but no later than September 21, 2011 [THE DATE 6 MONTHS
AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGIST ER] must meet the more stringent emission limit for the respective pollutant in table 1 of this subpart or table 6 of subpart DDDD. § 60.2110 What operating limits must I meet and by when? (a) If you use a wet scrubber(s) to comply with the emission limitations, you must establish operating limits for up to four operating parameters (as specified in table 2 of thisPage 20 of 322

subpart) as described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section during the initial performance test. (1) Maximum charge rate, calculated using one of th e two different procedures in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii) , as appropriate. (i) For continuous and intermittent units, maximum charge rate is 110 percent of the average charge rate meas ured during the most recent performance test demonstrating comp liance with all applicable emission limitations. (ii) For batch units, maximum charge rate is 110 pe rcent of the daily charge rate measured during the most rece nt performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations. (2) Minimum pressure drop across the wet particulat e matter scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average pressure drop across the wet scrubber measured duri ng the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance wi th the particulate matter emission limitations; or minimum amperage to the fan for the wet scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average amperage to the wet scrubber measure d during the most recent performance test demonstrating complian ce with the particulate matter emission limitations. (3) Minimum scrubber liquid flow rate, which is cal culated as the lowest 1-hour average liquid flow rate at th e inlet toPage 21 of 322

the wet acid gas or particulate matter scrubber mea sured during the most recent performance test demonstrating comp liance with all applicable emission limitations. (4) Minimum scrubber liquor pH, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average liquor pH at the inlet to the wet acid gas scrubber measured during the most recent performanc e test demonstrating compliance with the HCl emission limi tation. (b) You must meet the operating limits established during the initial performance test 60 days after your CIS WI unit reaches the charge rate at which it will operate, b ut no later than 180 days after its initial startup. (c) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the e mission limitations, you must operate each fabric filter sy stem such that the bag leak detection system alarm does not s ound more than 5 percent of the operating time during a 6-mon th period. In calculating this operating time percentage, if insp ection of the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective actio n is required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective a ction is required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If you take longer than 1 hour to initiate corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual amount of time taken by you to initiate corrective action. (d) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to com ply with the emission limitations, you must measure the (sec ondary)Page 22 of 322

voltage and amperage of the electrostatic precipita tor collection plates during the particulate matter per formance test. Calculate the average electric power value (s econdary voltage x secondary current = secondary electric po wer) for each test run. The operating limit for the electrostatic precipitator is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average secondar y electric power measured during the most recent performance t est demonstrating compliance with the particulate matte r emission limitations. (e) If you use activated carbon sorbent injection t o comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the sorbent flow rate during the performance testing. The operating limit for the carbon sorbent injection is calculated as the lowes t 1-hour average sorbent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the mercury emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, multiply your sorbent inje ction rate by the load fraction, as defined in this subpart, to d etermine the required injection rate (e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5). (f) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the charge rate, the secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to your CISWI unit), and the reagent flow rate during the nitroge n oxidesPage 23 of 322

performance testing. The operating limits for the s elective noncatalytic reduction are calculated as the lowest highest 1- hour average charge rate, lower secondary chamber temperature, and lowest reagent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limitations. (g (g) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the em ission limitations, you must measure the injection rate of each sorbent during the performance testing. The operating limit for the injection rate of each sorbent is calculated as the lowest 1- hour average injection rate or each sorbent measure d during the most recent performance test demonstrating complian ce with the hydrogen chloride emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, mult iply your sorbent injection rate by the load fraction, as def ined in this subpart, to determine the required injection rate ( e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5). (h ) If you do not use a wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, or fabric filter to comply with the e mission limitations, and if you do not determine compliance with your particulate matter emission limitation with a parti culate matter continuous emission monitoring system CEMS , you must maintainPage 24 of 322

opacity to less than or equal to 10 percent opacity (1-hour block average). (i) If you use a PM CPMS to demonstrate compliance, you must establish your PM CPMS operating limit and det ermine compliance with it according to paragraphs (i)(1) t hrough (i)(3 5) of this section. (1) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compl iance with the PM limit, record all hourly average output valu es (e.g., milliamps, stack concentration, or other raw data s ignal) from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the te st runs (e.g., thre e 1

- hour average PM CPMS output values for three 1

- hour test runs). (2) Determine your operating limit as the highest 1-hou r average PM CPMS output value recorded during the pe rformance test. You must verify an existing or establish a ne w operating limit after each repeated performance test. You mus t repeat the performance test annually and reassess and adjust t he sitespecific operating limit in accordance with the res ults of the performance test.

a. Your PM CPMS must provide a 4-20 milliamp output an d the establishment of its relationship to manual referen ce method measurements must be determined in units of milliamps. Formatted: Font: Courier NewPage 25 of 322

b. Your PM CPMS operating range must be capable of rea ding PM concentrations from zero to a level equivalent t o at least two times your allowable emission limit. If your PM CPMS is an auto-ranging instrument capable of mu ltiple scales, the primary range of the instrument must be capable of reading PM concentration from zero to a level equivalent to two times your allowable emission lim it.

c. During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compl iance with the PM limit, record and average all milliamp output values from the PM CPMS for the periods correspondi ng to the compliance test runs (e.g., average all your PM CPMS output values for three corresponding 2-hour Method 5I test runs). (2) If the average of your three PM performance te st runs are below 75% of your PM emission limit, you must c alculate an operating limit by establishing a relationship of P M CPMS signal to PM concentration using the PM CPMS instrument ze ro, the average PM CPMS values corresponding to the three c ompliance test runs, and the average PM concentration from th e Method 5 or performance test with the procedures in (i)(1)throu gh (i)(5)of this section.

a. Determine your instrument zero output with one of t he following procedures: Formatted: Font: Courier NewPage 26 of 322

(i) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and monitoring ambient air on a test bench. (ii) Zero point data for extractive instruments should be obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and drawing in clean ambient air. (iii) The zero point can also can be established obtained by performing manual reference method measurements when the flue gas is free of PM emissions or contains very low PM concentrations ( e.g., when your process is not operating, but the fans are operating or your source is combusting only natural gas) and plotting these with the compliance data to find the zero intercept. (iv) If none of the steps in paragraphs (i)(a) through (d) of this section are possible, you must use a zero output value provided by the manufacturer.

b. Determine your PM CPMS instrument average in millia mps, and the average of your corresponding three PM comp liance test runs, using equation 1. Formatted: Font: Courier New

Formatted: Font: Courier NewPage 27 of 322

      

	 , 

   

	 (Eq. 1) Where:

X 1 = the PM CPMS data points for the three runs constituting the performance test,

Y 1 = the PM concentration value for the three runs constituting the performance test, and n = the number of data points.

c. With your instrument zero expressed in milliamps, y our three run average PM CPMS milliamp value, and your three run average PM concentration from your three compli ance tests, determine a relationship of lb/Mmbtu per mil liamp with equation 2.


## ( ) z X Y

− = 1 1 

### R (Eq. 2) Where: R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp for your PM CPMS,

Y 1 = the three run average mg/dscm PM concentration,

X 1 = the three run average milliamp output from you P M CPMS, and Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: Courier New

Field Code Changed

Formatted: Font: 12 ptPage 28 of 322 z = the milliamp equivalent of your instrument zero determined from (2)(a).
d. Determine your source specific 30-day rolling avera ge operating limit using the mg/dscm per milliamp valu e from Equation 2 in equation 3, below. This sets your operating limit at the PM CPMS output value corresp onding to 75% of your emission limit.

   0.75

 (Eq. 3) Where:
O l = the operating limit for your PM CPMS on a 30-day rolling average, in milliamps. L = your source emission limit expressed in lb/Mmbt u, z = your instrument zero in milliamps, determined f rom (2)(a), and R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp for your PM CPMS, from Equation 3.

(3) If the average of your three PM compliance test runs is at or above 75% of your PM emission limit you must determine your operating limit by averaging the PM CPMS milli amp output corresponding to your three PM performance test run s that demonstrate compliance with the emission limit usin g equation 4 Formatted: Font: Courier New

Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: 12 ptPage 29 of 322

and you must submit all compliance test and PM CPMS data according to the reporting requirements in section (5) below.

      

	 (Eq. 4) Where:

X 1 = the PM CPMS data points for all runs i, n = the number of data points, and
O h = your site specific operating limit, in milliamps
.

(3 4) To determine continuous compliance, you must rec ord the PM CPMS output data for all periods when the pr ocess is operating and the PM CPMS is not out-of-control. Yo u must demonstrate continuous compliance by using all qual ity-assured hourly average data collected by the PM CPMS for al l operating hours to calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of the operating limit (e.g., milliamps, PM c oncentration, raw data signal) on a 30-day rolling average basis.

(5) For PM performance test reports used to set a P M CPMS operating limit, the electronic submission of the t est report must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, serial number of the instrument, analytical princip le of the instrument (e.g. beta attenuation), span of the ins truments Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier NewPage 30 of 322

primary analytical range, milliamp value equivalent to the instrument zero output, technique by which this zer o value was determined, and the average milliamp signals corres ponding to each PM compliance test run. § 60.2115 What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabr ic filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, or an electrostatic precipitator , or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations? If you use an air pollution control device other th an a wet scrubber, activated carbon injection, selective non catalytic reduction, fabric filter, or an electrostatic precipitator , or a dry scrubber or limit emissions in some other manner, including material balances, to comply with the emission limi tations under §60.2105, you must petition the EPA Administrator f or specific operating limits to be established during the initi al performance test and continuously monitored thereaf ter. You must not conduct the in itial submit the petition at least sixty days
before the performance test until after the petition has been approved by the Administrator is scheduled to begin . Your petition must include the five items listed in para graphs (a) through (e) of this section. (a) Identification of the specific parameters you p ropose to use as additional operating limits.Page 31 of 322

(b) A discussion of the relationship between these parameters and emissions of regulated pollutants, i dentifying how emissions of regulated pollutants change with c hanges in these parameters and how limits on these parameters will serve to limit emissions of regulated pollutants. (c) A discussion of how you will establish the uppe r and/or lower values for these parameters which will establ ish the operating limits on these parameters. (d) A discussion identifying the methods you will u se to measure and the instruments you will use to monitor these parameters, as well as the relative accuracy and pr ecision of these methods and instruments. (e) A discussion identifying the frequency and meth ods for recalibrating the instruments you will use for moni toring these parameters. § 60.2120 Affirmative Defense for Exceedance Violation of an Emission Limit Standards During Malfunction. In response to an action to enforce the standards s et forth in paragraph §60.2105, you may assert an affirmativ e defense to a claim for civil penalties for exceedances violations of such standards that are caused by malfunction, as define d at 40 CFR 60.2. Appropriate penalties may be assessed , ; however, if you fail to meet your burden of proving all of the requ irements inPage 32 of 322

the affirmative defense. The affirmative defense sh all not be available for claims for injunctive relief. (a) To establish the affirmative defense in any act ion to
enforce such a limit standard , you must timely meet the notification reporting requirements in paragraph (b) of this section, and must prove by a preponderance of evide nce that: (1) The excess emissions: violation: (i) Were Was caused by a sudden, infrequent, and unavoidable failure of air pollution control and monitoring equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a nor mal or usual

manner ; , and (ii) Could not have been prevented through careful planning, proper design or better operation and mai ntenance practices; and (iii) Did not stem from any activity or event that could have been foreseen and avoided, or planned for; and (iv) Were Was not part of a recurring pattern indicative of inadequate design, operation, or maintenance; and (2) Repairs were made as expeditiously as possible when the applicable emission limitations were being exceeded
. violation occurred; . Off

- shift and overtime labor were used, to the extent practicable to make these repairs; andPage 33 of 322

(3) The frequency, amount , and duration of the excess emissions violation (including any bypass) were minimized to the maximum extent practicable during periods of such emissions ; and (4) If the excess emissions violation resulted from a bypass of control equipment or a process, then the bypass was unavoidable to prevent loss of life, severe personal injury, or severe property damage; and (5) All possible steps were taken to minimize the i mpact of the excess emissions violation on ambient air quality, the environment , and human health; and (6) All emissions monitoring and /or parameter monitoring and systems, as well as control systems , were kept in operation if at all possible , consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices; and (7) All of the actions in response to the excess emissions violation were documented by properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs; and (8) At all times, the affected facility CISWI unit source was operated in a manner consistent with good pract ices for minimizing emissions; and (9) A written root cause analysis has been prepared , the purpose of which is to determine, correct, and elim inate the primary causes of the malfunction and the excess emissions violation resulting from the malfunction event atPage 34 of 322

issue. The analysis shall also specify, using best monitoring methods and engineering judgment, the amount of excess any emissions that were the result of the malfunction. (b) Notification . The owner or operator of the facility experiencing an exceedance of its emission limit(s) during a

m alfunction shall notify the Administrator by teleph one or facsimile (FAX) transmission as soon as possible, b ut no later than two business days after the initial occurrence of the malfunction, if it wishes to avail itself of an aff irmative defense to civil penalties for that malfunction Report . The owner or operator seeking to assert an affirmative defens e shall also submit a written report to the Administrator within 45 days of the initial occurrence of the exceedance of the sta ndard in §60.2105 to demonstr ate, with all necessary supporting documentation, that it has met the requirements set forth in paragraph (a) of this section. The owner or operator may seek an extension of this deadline for up to 30 additional days by submitting a written request to the Administrator before the expiration of the 45 day This affirmative defense report shall be included in the first periodic compliance, deviatio n report or excess emission report otherwise required after the initial occurrence of the violation of the relevant standar d (which may be the end of any applicable averaging period . Until a request for an extension has been approved by the Administr ator, thePage 35 of 322

owner or operator is subject to the requirement to submit ). If
such compliance, deviation report within or excess emission report is due less than 45 days of after the initial occurrence
of the exceedance violation, the affirmative defense report may be included in the second compliance, deviation rep ort or excess emission report due after the initial occurrence of the violation of the relevant standard
. Performance Testing § 60.2125 How do I conduct the initial and annual p erformance
test? (a) All performance tests must consist of a minimum of three test runs conducted under conditions represen tative of normal operations. (b) You must document that the waste burned during the performance test is representative of the waste bur ned under normal operating conditions by maintaining a log of the quantity of waste burned (as required in §60.2175(b)(1)) and the types of waste burned during the performance test. (c) All performance tests must be conducted using t he minimum run duration specified in table 1 of this s ubpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart. (d) Method 1 of appendix A of this part must be use d to select the sampling location and number of traverse points.Page 36 of 322

(e) Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part must be used for gas composition analysis, including measurement of oxygen concentration. Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of thi s part must be used simultaneously with each method. (f) All pollutant concentrations, except for opacit y, must be adjusted to 7 percent oxygen using Equation 1 of this section:
C adj = C meas (20.9–7)/(20.9-%O 2 ) (Eq. 1) Where:

C adj = pollutant concentration adjusted to 7 percent oxygen; C meas = pollutant concentration measured on a dry basis; (20.9–7) = 20.9 percent oxygen−7 percent oxygen (de fined oxygen correction basis); 20.9 = oxygen concentration in air, percent; and %O 2 = oxygen concentration measured on a dry basis, percent. (g) You must determine dioxins/furans toxic equival ency by following the procedures in paragraphs (g)(1) throu gh ( 3 4 ) of this section. (1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetrathrough octa-chlorinated isomer emitted using EPA M ethod 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. (2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteria 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardles s of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You mustPage 37 of 322

quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.) (3) For each dioxin/furan (tetra-through octa-chlorinat ed) isomer measured in accordance with paragraph (g)(1) and (2) of this section, multiply the isomer concentration by its corresponding toxic equivalency factor specified in table 3 of this subpart. ( 3 4 ) Sum the products calculated in accordance with paragraph (g)( 2 3 ) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of toxic equivalency. (h) Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of th is part must be used to determine compliance with the fugit ive ash emission limit in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart. (i) If you have an applicability applicable opacity operating limit, you must determine compliance with the opacity limit using Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 4 of this part, based on three 1-hour blocks consisting of te n 6-minute average opacity values, unless you are required to install a continuous opacity monitoring system, consistent wi th §60.2145 and §60.2165.Page 38 of 322

(j) You must determine dioxins/furans total mass ba sis by following the procedures in paragraphs (j)(1) throu gh (3) of this section. (1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetrathrough octa-chlorinated isomer emitted using EPA M ethod 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. (2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteri a 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardles s of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.) (3) Sum the quantities measured in accordance with paragraphs (j)(1) and (2) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of total mass basis. § 60.2130 How are the performance test data used? You use results of performance tests to demonstrate compliance with the emission limitations in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart. Initial Compliance Requirements § 60.2135 How do I demonstrate initial compliance w ith the emission limitations and establish the operating li mits?Page 39 of 322

You must conduct a performance test, as required un der §60.2125 and §60.2105 to determine compliance with the emission limitations in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, to establish compliance with any opac ity operating limit in §60.2110, and to establish operating limit s using the procedures in §60.2110 or §60.2115. The performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart and t he procedures in §60.2125. The use of the bypass stack during a p erformance test shall invalidate the performance test. You mus t conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous monitorin g system within 60 days of installation of the monitoring sy stem. § 60.2140 By what date must I conduct the initial p erformance
test? (a) The initial performance test must be conducted within 60 days after your CISWI unit reaches the charge ra te at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after i ts initial startup. (b) If you commence or recommence combusting a soli d waste at an existing combustion unit at any commercial or industrial facility, and you conducted a test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the sol id waste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that solidPage 40 of 322

waste in the combustion chamber, you do not need to retest until 6 months from the date you reintroduce that solid w aste. (c) If you commence combusting or recommence combus ting a solid waste at an existing combustion unit at any c ommercial or industrial facility and you have not conducted a pe rformance test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the given solid waste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that solid waste in the combu stion chamber, you must conduct a performance test within 60 days commencing or recommencing solid waste combustion. § 60.2141 By what date must I conduct the initial a ir pollution control device inspection? (a) The initial air pollution control device inspec tion must be conducted within 60 days after installation of the control device and the associated CISWI unit reache s the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 18 0 days after the device’s initial startup. (b) Within 10 operating days following an air pollu tion control device inspection, all necessary repairs mu st be completed unless the owner or operator obtains writ ten approval from the state agency establishing a date whereby a ll necessary repairs of the designated facility must be complete d. Continuous Compliance RequirementsPage 41 of 322

§ 60.2145 How do I demonstrate continuous complianc e with the emission limitations and the operating limits? (a) Compliance with standards
. (1) The emission standards and operating requiremen ts set forth in this subpart apply at all times. (2) If you cease combusting solid waste, you may op t to remain subject to the provisions of this subpart. C onsistent with the definition of CISWI unit, you are subject to the requirements of this subpart at least 6 months foll owing the last date of solid waste combustion. Solid waste co mbustion is ceased when solid waste is not in the combustion ch amber (i.e., the solid waste feed to the combustor has been cut off for a period of time not less than the solid waste reside nce time). (3) If you cease combusting solid waste, you must b e in compliance with any newly applicable standards on t he effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. The effective dat e of the waste-to-fuel switch is a date selected by you, tha t must be at least 6 months from the date that you ceased combus ting solid waste, consistent with §60.2145(a)(2). Your source must remain in compliance with this subpart until the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. (4) If you own or operate an existing commercial or industrial combustion unit that combusted a fuel or non-waste material, and you commence or recommence combustion of solidPage 42 of 322

waste, you are subject to the provisions of this su bpart as of the first day you introduce or reintroduce solid wa ste to the combustion chamber, and this date constitutes the e ffective date of the fuel-to-waste switch. You must complete all initial compliance demonstrations for any section 112 stand ards that are applicable to your facility before you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste. You must provide 30 days prior notice of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. The notification must identify: (i) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) t hat will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the noti ce; (ii) The currently applicable subcategory under thi s subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcate gory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste; (iii) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid waste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has comb usted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste mat erials the unit will commence combusting; (iv) The date on which you became subject to the cu rrently applicable emission limits; (v) The date upon which you will cease combusting s olid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effect ive date ofPage 43 of 322

the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragrap hs (a)(2) and (3) of this section. (5) All air pollution control equipment necessary f or compliance with any newly applicable emissions limi ts which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommencement of combusting solid waste must be in stalled and operational as of the effective date of the waste-t o-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch. (6) All monitoring systems necessary for compliance with any newly applicable monitoring requirements which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommen cement of combusting solid waste must be installed and operat ional as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to -waste switch. All calibration and drift checks must be pe rformed as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to -waste switch. Relative accuracy tests must be performed a s of the performance test deadline for PM CEMS
. (if PM CEMS are elected to demonstrate continuous compliance with the parti culate matter emission limits). Relative accuracy testing for other CEMS need not be repeated if that testing was previously perf ormed consistent with Clean Air Act section 112 monitorin g requirements or monitoring requirements under this subpart. (b) You must conduct an annual performance test for the pollutants listed in table 1 of this subpart or tab les 5 throughPage 44 of 322

8 of this subpart and opacity for each CISWI unit a s required under §60.2125. The annual performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 1 of this su bpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart and the procedur es in §60.2125. Annual performance tests are not required if you use continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS or continuous opacity monitoring systems to determine compliance. (c) You must continuously monitor the operating par ameters specified in §60.2110 or established under §60.2115 and as specified in §60.2170. Use three 3 -hour block average values to determine compliance (except for baghouse leak dete ction system alarms) unless a different averaging period is esta blished under §60.2115
. or, for energy recovery units, where the averaging time for each operating parameter is a 30-day rolli ng, calculated each hour as the average of the previous 720 operating hours. Operation above the established maximum, below the established minimum, or outside the allowable r ange of operating limits specified in paragraph (a) of this section constitutes a deviation from your operating limits established under this subpart, except during performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission and operatin g limits or to establish new operating limits. Operating limits are confirmed or reestablished during performance tests
.Page 45 of 322

(d) You must burn only the same types of waste and fuels used to establish subcategory applicability (for energy recovery units) and operating limits during the performance test. (e) For energy recovery units, incinerators, and sm all remote units, you must perform an annual visual emi ssions test for ash handling. (f) For energy recovery units, you must conduct an annual performance test for opacity (except where particul ate matter continuous emission monitoring system CEMS or continuous opacity monitoring systems are used are used) and the pollu tants listed in table 6 of this subpart. (g) You must may elect to demonstrate continuous compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit using a car bon monoxide continuous emissio n monitoring system CEMS according to the following requirements: (1) You must measure emissions according to §60.13 to calculate 1-hour arithmetic averages, corrected to 7 percent

oxygen. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined i n this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen , and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limit using a 30- day rolling average of these 1-hour arithmetic aver age emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using Equation 19-19 inPage 46 of 322

section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7 of this part. (2) Operate the carbon monoxide continuous emission monitori ng system CEMS in accordance with the requirements of performance specification 4A of appendix B of this part and quality assurance procedure 1 of appendix F of this part. (h) For Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with design capacities average annual heat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hr and waste

- burning kilns, may elect to demonstrate continuous compliance with the particul ate matter emissions limit using a particulate matter continuous emission monitoring system CEMS according to the procedures in §60.2165(n ). (i) For ) instead of the particulate matter continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS) specified in §60 .2145. Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with design capacities annual average heat input rates less than 250 MMBtu/hr, incinerators, and small remote incinerato rs may also elect to demonstrate compliance using a particulate matter CEMS according to the procedures in §60.2165(n) instead of particulate matter testing with EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 and, if applicable, the continuous opa city monitoring requirements in paragraph (i) of this se ction.Page 47 of 322

(i) For energy recovery units with annual average h eat input rates greater than or equal to 10 MMBtu/hour , if you have an opacity operating limit and less than 250 MMBtu/hr , you must install, operate, certify and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) according to the procedure s in §60.2165. (j) For waste-burning kilns, you must conduct an an nual performance test for cadmium, lead, dioxins/furans and hydrogen chloride as listed in table 7 of this subpart. You must determine compliance with hydrogen chloride using a hydrogen chloride continuous emission monitoring system CEMS if you do not use an acid gas wet scrubber or dry scrubber . You must determine compliance with nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide , and using CEMS. You must determine compliance with particulate matter using continuous emission monitoring systems CPMS . You must determine compliance with the mercury emissions limit using a mercury continuous emission monitoring system CEMS according to the following requirements: (1) Operate a continuous emission monitoring CEMS system in accordance with performance specification 12A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B or a sorbent trap based integrated monit or in accordance with performance specification 12B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. The duration of the performance test mu st be a calendar month. For each calendar month in which th e waste-Page 48 of 322

burning kiln operates, hourly mercury concentration data, and stack gas volumetric flow rate data must be obtaine d. You must demonstrate compliance with the mercury emissions l imit using a 30-day rolling average of these 1-hour mercury conc entrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using Equation 19-19 in se ction 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appen dix A–7 of this part. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, a s defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen , and are measured at stack oxygen content. (2) Owners or operators using a mercury continuous emission monitoring system CEMS must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an instrument for continuously measuring a nd recording the mercury mass emissions rate to the atmosphere a ccording to the requirements of performance specifications 6 an d 12A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B, and quality assurance proc edure 6 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix F. (3) The owner or operator of a waste-burning kiln m ust demonstrate initial compliance by operating a mercu ry continuous emission monitoring system CEMS while the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is operating under normal conditions and while the raw mill of the in

- line kiln/raw mill is not operating including at least one period when the raw mill is off
.Page 49 of 322

(k) If you use an air pollution control device to m eet the emission limitations in this subpart, you must cond uct an initial and annual inspection of the air pollution control device. The inspection must include, at a minimum, the following: (1) Inspect air pollution control device(s) for pro per operation. (2) Develop a site-specific monitoring plan accordi ng to the requirements in paragraph (l) of this section. This requirement also applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for alternative monitoring parameters under §60.13(i). (l) For each continuous monitoring system required in this section, you must develop and submit to the EPA Adm inistrator for approval a site-specific monitoring plan accord ing to the requirements of this paragraph (l) that addresses p aragraphs (l)(1)(i) through (vi) of this section. (1) You must submit this site-specific monitoring p lan at least 60 days before your initial performance evalu ation of your continuous monitoring system. (i) Installation of the continuous monitoring syste m sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that th e measurementPage 50 of 322

is representative of control of the exhaust emissio ns (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device). (ii) Performance and equipment specifications for t he sample interface, the pollutant concentration or pa rametric signal analyzer and the data collection and reducti on systems. (iii) Performance evaluation procedures and accepta nce criteria (e.g., calibrations). (iv) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures i n accordance with the general requirements of §60.11( d). (v) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in ac cordance with the general requirements of §60.13. (vi) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the general requirements of §60.7(b ),(c), (c)(1), (c)(4), (d), (e), (f), and (g). (2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of ea ch continuous monitoring system in accordance with you r sitespecific monitoring plan. (3) You must operate and maintain the continuous mo nitoring system in continuous operation according to the sit e-specific monitoring plan. (m) If you have an operating limit that requires th e use of a flow monitoring system, you must meet the require ments in paragraphs (l) and (m)(1) through (4) of this secti on.Page 51 of 322

(1) Install the flow sensor and other necessary equ ipment in a position that provides a representative flow. (2) Use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivit y at full scale of no greater than 2 percent of the expected process flow rate
. (3) Minimize the effects of swirling flow or abnorm al velocity distributions due to upstream and downstre am disturbances. (4) Conduct a flow monitoring system performance ev aluation in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annual ly. (n) If you have an operating limit that requires th e use of a pressure monitoring system, you must meet the req uirements in paragraphs (l) and (n)(1) through (6) of this secti on. (1) Install the pressure sensor(s) in a position th at provides a representative measurement of the pressu re (e.g., PM scrubber pressure drop). (2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibra tion, and internal and external corrosion. (3) Use a pressure sensor with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 centimeters of water or a minimum tolerance of 1 pe rcent of the pressure monitoring system operating range, whichev er is less. (4) Perform checks at least once each proces s operating day the frequency outlined in your site-specific monito ring planPage 52 of 322

to ensure pressure measurements are not obstructed (e.g., check for pressure tap pluggage daily). (5) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pressur e monitoring system in accordance with your monitorin g plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequentl y than annually. (6) If at any time the measured pressure exceeds th e manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range, conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure mo nitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan and confirm that the pressure monitoring system continues to meet th e performance requirements in your monitoring plan. Alternatively , install and verify the operation of a new pressure sensor. (o) If you have an operating limit that requires a pH monitoring system, you must meet the requirements i n paragraphs (l) and (o)(1) through (4) of this section. (1) Install the pH sensor in a position that provid es a representative measurement of scrubber effluent pH. (2) Ensure the sample is properly mixed and represe ntative of the fluid to be measured. (3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pH moni toring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at l east once each process operating day.Page 53 of 322

(4) Conduct a performance evaluation (including a t wo-point calibration with one of the two buffer solutions ha ving a pH within 1 of the pH of the operating limit) of the p H monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at t he time of each performance test but no less frequently than q uarterly. (p) If you have an operating limit that requires a secondary electric power monitoring system for an e lectrostatic precipitator, you must meet the requirements in par agraphs (l) and (p)(1) through (2) of this section. (1) Install sensors to measure (secondary) voltage and current to the precipitator collection plates. (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the electri c power monitoring system in accordance with your monitorin g plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequentl y than annually. (q) If you have an operating limit that requires th e use of a monitoring system to measure sorbent injection ra te (e.g., weigh belt, weigh hopper, or hopper flow measuremen t device), you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) an d (q)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Install the system in a position(s) that provid es a representative measurement of the total sorbent inj ection rate. (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the sorbent injection rate monitoring system in accordance with yourPage 54 of 322

monitoring plan at the time of each performance tes t but no less frequently than annually. (r) If you elect to use a fabric filter bag leak de tection system to comply with the requirements of this subp art, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously oper ate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs(l) and (r)(1) through (5) of this section. (1) Install a bag leak detection sensor(s) in a pos ition(s) that will be representative of the relative or abso lute particulate matter loadings for each exhaust stack, roof vent, or compartment (e.g., for a positive pressure fabri c filter) of the fabric filter. (2) Use a bag leak detection system certified by th e manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per ac tual cubic
meter or less. (3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the bag lea k detection system in accordance with your monitoring plan and consistent with the guidance provided in EPA–454/R– 98–015 (incorporated by reference, see §60.17). (4) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the s ensor. (5) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a system that will sound an alarm when an increase in relati vePage 55 of 322

particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed read ily by plant operating personnel. (s) For facilities using a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be demonstrated by using the continuous emission

m onitoring system CEMS specified in §60.2165 to measure sulfur dioxide . CEMS data during startup and calculating shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 per cent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average emission concentration of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, includi ng CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subp art, calculated using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A-7 of this part. The sulfur dioxide continuous emission monitoring system CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part and must follow the procedures and methods specified in this paragraph (s). For sources that have actual inlet emissions less than 100 parts per million dry volume, the relative accuracy criterion for inlet sulfur dioxide continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS should be no greater than 20 percent of the mean value of the referencePage 56 of 322

method test data in terms of the units of the emiss ion standard, or 5 parts per million dry volume absolute value of the mean difference between the reference method and the continuou s emission monitoring systems CEMS , whichever is greater. (1) During each relative accuracy test run of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS required by performance specification 2 in appendix B of this p art, collect sulfur dioxide and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the continuous emission s monitors CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (s)(1)(i) and (s)(1)(ii) of this section
. (i) For sulfur dioxide, EPA Reference Method 6 or 6 C, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10–1981 (incorporat ed by reference, see §60.17) must be used. (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10– 1981 (incorporated by reference, see §60.17), must be us ed. (2) The span value of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS at the inlet to the sulfur dioxide control device must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to thi s rule. The span value of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS at the outlet of the sulfur dioxide control device mus t be 50Page 57 of 322

percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential s ulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to this rule. (3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with pr ocedure 1 in appendix F of this part. (t) For facilities using a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS to demonstrate continuous compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit, compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit may be demonstrated by using the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS specified in §60.2165 to measure nitrogen oxides . CEMS data during startup and calculating shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen
content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average emission concentration of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during starup a nd shutdown as defined in this subpart, using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60 , appendix A7 of this part. The nitrogen oxides continuous emission monitoring system CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part and must follow the procedures and methods specified in paragraphs (t)( 1) through (t)(5) of this section.Page 58 of 322

(1) During each relative accuracy test run of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS required by performance specification 2 of appendix B of this p art, collect nitrogen oxides and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (t)(1)(i) and (t)(1)(ii) of this sect ion. (i) For nitrogen oxides, EPA Reference Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 must be used. (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19–10.1981 (incorporated by reference , see §60.17), as applicable, must be used. (2) The span value of the continuous emission monit oring system must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential nitrogen oxide emissions of the unit. (3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with pr ocedure 1 in appendix F of this part. (4) The owner or operator of an affected facility m ay request that compliance with the nitrogen oxides em ission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements cor rected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. If carbon dioxide i s selected for use in diluent corrections, the relationship be tween oxygenPage 59 of 322

and carbon dioxide levels must be established durin g the initial performance test according to the procedures and me thods specified in paragraphs (t)(4)(i) through (t)(4)(iv ) of this section. This relationship may be re-established du ring performance compliance tests. (i) The fuel factor equation in Method 3B must be u sed to determine the relationship between oxygen and carbo n dioxide at a sampling location. Method 3A or 3B, or as an alte rnative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10–1981 (incorporated by reference , see §60.17), as applicable, must be used to determine t he oxygen concentration at the same location as the carbon di oxide monitor. (ii) Samples must be taken for at least 30 minutes in each
hour. (iii) Each sample must represent a 1-hour average. (iv) A minimum of three runs must be performed. (u) For facilities using a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS to demonstrate continuous compliance with any of t he emission limits of this subpart, you must complete the following: (1) Demonstrate compliance with the appropriate emi ssion limit(s) using a 30-day rolling average of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS dat a during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart , calculatedPage 60 of 322

using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Refer ence Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part . CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in the subp art, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen

content . (2) Operate all continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS in accordance with the applicable procedures under appendices B and F of this part. (v) Use of the bypass stack at any time is an emiss ions standards deviation for particulate matter, HCl, Pb , Cd, Hg, NOx, SO2, and dioxin/furans. (w) For energy recovery units with a design heat in put capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do n ot use a carbon monoxide CEMS, you must install, operate, an d maintain a oxygen analyzer system as defined in §60.2265 accor ding to the procedures in paragraphs (w)(1) through (4) of this section. (1) The oxygen analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date specified in §60.2675
. (2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (w)(3) of this section at all times. (3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that th e 30-day rolling average that is established as the operatin g limit for oxygen is not below the lowest hourly average oxyge nPage 61 of 322

concentration measured during the most recent CO pe rformance

test. (4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using Equation 19-19 in sectio n 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of this par t. (x) For energy recovery units with annual average h eat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and wasteburning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintai n, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the syst em as specified in paragraphs (x)(1) through (8) of this section. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use P M CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS a re suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compli ance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubbe r pressure). (1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-s pecific monitoring plan developed in accordance with §60.21 45(l) and (x)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-stack or extractive light scatter, light scintil lation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation detection of the exhaust gas or representative sample. The reportable measuremen t output from the PM CPMS may be expressed as milliamps, stack co ncentration, or other raw data signal
.Page 62 of 322

(ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., peri od required to complete sampling, measurement, and rep orting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes. (iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations of no greater than 0.5 mg/actual cubic meter. (2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compl iance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific ope rating limit in accordance with the results of the performance t est according to the procedures specified in §60.2110. (3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operatin g hours. Express the PM CPMS output as millamps, PM concentr ation, or other raw data signal value
. (4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected duri ng all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (e.g., milliamps, PM concentration, raw data signal ). (5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is o perating and at the intervals specified in paragraph (x)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system ma lfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfuncti ons, requiredPage 63 of 322

monitoring system quality assurance or quality cont rol activities (including, as applicable, calibration c hecks and required zero and span adjustments), and any schedu led maintenance as defined in your site-specific monito ring plan. (6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except: (i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring sy stem malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitor ing system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report a ny such periods in your annual deviation report); (ii) Any data collected during periods when the mon itoring system is out of control as specified in your site- specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods wh en the monitoring system is out of control, or required mo nitoring system quality assurance or quality control activit ies conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calcu lations (report emissions or operating levels and report an y such periods in your annual deviation report); (iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of C EMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this sub part.Page 64 of 322

(7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as th e dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessar y to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site- specific monitoring plan. (8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parame ter limit, you must: (i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually insp ect the air pollution control device; (ii) If inspection of the air pollution control dev ice identifies the cause of the deviation, take correct ive action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; and (iii) Within 45 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance w ith the PM emissions limit and to verify or re-establish the C PMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional t esting for any deviations that occur between the time of the o riginal deviation and the PM emissions compliance test requ ired under this paragraph.Page 65 of 322

§ 60.2150 By what date must I conduct the annual pe rformance
test? You must conduct annual performance tests between 1 1 and 13 months of the previous performance test. § 60.2151 By what date must I conduct the annual ai r pollution control device inspection? On an annual basis (no more than 12 months followin g the previous annual air pollution control device inspec tion), you must complete the air pollution control device insp ection as described in §60.2141. § 60.2155 May I conduct performance testing less of ten? (a) You must conduct annual performance tests accor ding to the schedule specified in §60.2150, with the follow ing exceptions: (1) You may conduct a repeat performance test at an y time to establish new values for the operating limits to apply from that point forward, as specified in §60.2160. The A dministrator may request a repeat performance test at any time. (2) You must repeat the performance test within 60 days of a process change, as defined in §60.2265. (3) If the initial or any subsequent performance te st for any pollutant in table 1 or tables 5 through 8 of t his subpart, as applicable, demonstrates that the emission level for the pollutant is no greater than the emission level spe cified inPage 66 of 322

paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, and you are not required to conduct a p erformance test for the pollutant in response to a request by the Administrator in paragraph (a)(1) of this section o r a process change in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, you may elect to skip conducting a performance test for the pollutan t for the next 2 years. You must conduct a performance test f or the pollutant during the third year and no more than 37 months following the previous performance test for the pol lutant. For cadmium and lead, both cadmium and lead must be emi tted at emission levels no greater than their respective em ission levels specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section fo r you to qualify for less frequent testing under this paragr aph. (i) For particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, merc ury, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, cadmium, lead , and dioxins/furans, the emission level equal to 75 perc ent of the applicable emission limit in table 1 or tables 5 th rough 8 of this subpart, as applicable, to this subpart. (ii) For fugitive emissions, visible emissions (of combustion ash from the ash conveying system) for 2 percent of the time during each of the three 1-hour observatio n periods. (4) If you are conducting less frequent testing for a pollutant as provided in paragraph (a)(3) of this s ection and a subsequent performance test for the pollutant indic ates thatPage 67 of 322

your CISWI unit does not meet the emission level sp ecified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, you must conduct annual performance tes ts for the pollutant according to the schedule specified in pa ragraph (a) of this section until you qualify for less frequent testing for the pollutant as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of t his section. (b) [Reserved] § 60.2160 May I conduct a repeat performance test t o establish new operating limits? (a) Yes. You may conduct a repeat performance test at any time to establish new values for the operating limi ts. The Administrator may request a repeat performance test at any time. (b) You must repeat the performance test if your fe ed stream is different than the feed streams used duri ng any performance test used to demonstrate compliance. Monitoring § 60.2165 What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor? (a) If you are using a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limitation under §60.2105, you must instal l, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and o perate devices (or establish methods) for monitoring the v alue of the operating parameters used to determine compliance w ith the operating limits listed in table 2 of this subpart. ThesePage 68 of 322

devices (or methods) must measure and record the va lues for these operating parameters at the frequencies indic ated in table 2 of this subpart at all times except as specified in §60.2170(a). (b) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, cal ibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detec tion system as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of th is section. (1) You must install and operate a bag leak detecti on system for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter. (2) Each bag leak detection system must be installe d, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner co nsistent with the manufacturer's written specifications and recom mendations. (3) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per ac tual cubic
meter or less. (4) The bag leak detection system sensor must provi de output of relative or absolute particulate matter l oadings. (5) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal fro m the sensor. (6) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will alert automatically an opera tor when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions o ver a presetPage 69 of 322

level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed easily by plant operating personnel. (7) For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabri c filters, the bag leak detector must be installed downstream of the fabric filter. (8) Where multiple detectors are required, the syst em's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detec tors. (c) If you are using something other than a wet scr ubber, activated carbon, selective non-catalytic reduction , or an electrostatic precipitator , or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations under §60.2105, you must insta ll, calibrate (to the manufacturers’ specifications), maintain, a nd operate the equipment necessary to monitor compliance with the sitespecific operating limits established using the pro cedures in §60.2115. (d) If you use activated carbon injection to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart, you must measure the minimum mercury sorbent flow rate once per hour. (e) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must complete th e following: (1) Following the date on which the initial perform ance test is completed or is required to be completed un der §60.2125,Page 70 of 322

whichever date comes first, ensure that the affecte d facility does not operate above the maximum charge rate, or below the minimum secondary chamber temperature (if applicabl e to your CISWI unit) or the minimum reagent flow rate measur ed as 3-hour block averages at all times. (2) Operation of the affected facility above the ma ximum charge rate, below the minimum secondary chamber te mperature and below the minimum reagent flow rate simultaneously constitute a violation of the nitrogen oxides emissions limit. (f) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to com ply with the emission limits of this subpart, you must monit or the secondary power to the electrostatic precipitator c ollection plates and maintain the 3-hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the mercury or particulate matter performance test. (g) For waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet
scrubber or dry scrubber , in place of hydrogen chloride testing with EPA Method 321 at 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, an owner or operator must install, calibrate, maintain, and ope rate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for monitoring hydrogen chloride emissions discharged to the atmos phere and record the output of the system. To demonstrate con tinuous compliance with the hydrogen chloride emissions lim it for units other than waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet scrubberPage 71 of 322

or dry scrubber , a facility may substitute use of a hydrogen chloride continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for conducting the hydrogen chloride annual performance test, monitoring the minimum hydrogen chloride sorbent fl ow rate, and monitoring the minimum scrubber liquor pH , and monitoring minimum injection rate
. (h) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a particulate matter continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for conducting the particulate matter PM annual performance test and moni toring the minimum using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressure drop across the wet scrubber, if applicable. ). (i) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the dioxin/furan emissions limit, a facility may substi tute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the dioxin /furan annual performance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample according to EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part. You may propose alternative continuous monitoring consistent with the requireme nts in §60.13(i). This option to use a continuous automated sampling system takes effect on the date a final performance specification applicable to dioxin/furan from conti nuousPage 72 of 322

monitors is published in the Federal Register
. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample dioxin/f uran emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 must install, calibrat e, maintain, and operate a continuous automated sampling system and must comply with the requirements specified in §60.58b(p ) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous dioxin/furan mon itoring for the minimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the di oxin/furan emission limit. (j) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the m ercury emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the mercury annual pe rformance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample at set intervals using any suitable determin ative technique that can meet performance specification 1 2B. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample mercu ry emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Reference Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8 of this part, A STM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), or an approved alternative method for measuring mercury e missions, must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a co ntinuous automated sampling system and must comply with perf ormance specification 12A and quality assurance procedure 5 , as well asPage 73 of 322

the requirements specified in §60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous mercury monitoring for the mi nimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the mercury emission limit. (k) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the n itrogen oxides emissions limit, a facility may substitute u se of a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for the nitrogen oxides annual performance test to demonstrate compl iance with the nitrogen oxides emissions limits and monitoring the charge rate, secondary chamber temperature, and reagent fl ow for selective noncatalytic reduction, if applicable
. (1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for measuring nitrogen oxides emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record t he output of the system. The requirements under performance spec ification 2 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance p rocedure one of appendix F of this part and the procedures under §60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation, and opera tion of the continuous emissio n monitoring system CEMS . (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for nitrogen oxides is completed or is required to be completed under §60.2125, compliance with the emission limit for nitrogen oxides required under §60.52b(d) must be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly emission conce ntrationsPage 74 of 322

using continuous emission monitoring system CEMS outlet data. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in par ts per million by volume corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average concen trations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined i n this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under §60 .13(e)(2). (l) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the s ulfur dioxide emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the sulfur dioxide annual performance test to demonstrate compliance w ith the sulfur dioxide emissions limits. (1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for measuring sulfur dioxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record t he output of the system. The requirements under performance spec ification 2 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance r equirements of procedure one of appendix F of this part and pro cedures under §60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluatio n, and operation of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS . (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for sulfur dioxide is completed or is required to b e completed under §60.2125, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emissionPage 75 of 322

limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentratio ns using continuous emission monitoring system CEMS outlet data. The 1- hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations and daily geometric average emission percent reductions. . CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, a re not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen

content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under §60.13(e)(2). (m) For energy recovery units over 10 MMBtu/hr design but less than 250 MMBtu/hr annual average heat input rates that do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter with bag leak detection system, or particulate matter continuous emission monitoring system CEMS , you must install, operate, certify, and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system according to t he procedures in paragraphs (m)(1) through (5) of this section by the compliance date specified in §60.2105. Energy recov ery units
that use a particulate matter continuous emission monitoring system CEMS to demonstrate initial and continuing compliance according to the procedures in §60.2165(n) are not required to install a continuous opacity monitoring system and must performPage 76 of 322

the annual performance tests for the opacity consis tent with §60.2145(f). (1) Install, operate, and maintain each continuous opacity monitoring system according to performance specific ation 1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of each contin uous opacity monitoring system according to the requirem ents in §60.13 and according to PS-1 of 40 CFR part 60, app endix B. (3) As specified in §60.13(e)(1), each continuous o pacity monitoring system must complete a minimum of one cy cle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-secon d period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-m inute period. (4) Reduce the continuous opacity monitoring system data as specified in §60.13(h)(1). (5) Determine and record all the 6-minute averages (and 1- hour block averages as applicable) collected. (n) For coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with design capacities greater than 250 MMBtu/hr, in place of particulate matter testing with EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A

- 3 , incinerators, and small remote incinerators , an owner or operator must may elect to install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for monitoring particulate matter emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The owner orPage 77 of 322

operator of an affected facility who continuously m onitors particulate matter emissions instead of conducting performance testing using EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appen dix A-3 or, as applicable, monitor with a particulate matter CP MS according to paragraph (r) of this section, must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous emission monitoring syst em CEMS and must comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (n)(1) through (n)( 14 13 ) of this section. (1) Notify the Administrator 1 month before startin g use of the system. (2) Notify the Administrator 1 month before stoppin g use of the system. (3) The monitor must be installed, evaluated, and o perated in accordance with the requirements of performance specification 11 of appendix B of this part and quality assurance requirements of procedure two of appendix F of this part and §60 .13. Use Method 5 or Method 5I of Appendix A of this part fo r the PM CEMS correlation testing. (4) The initial performance ev aluation must be completed no later than 180 days after the date of initial startup of the affected facility, as specified unde r §60.2125 or within 180 days of notification to the Administrato r of use of the continuous monitoring system if the owner or op erator was previously determining compliance by Method 5 perfo rmance tests, whichever is later.Page 78 of 322

(5) The owner or operator of an affected facility m ay request that compliance with the particulate matter emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measuremen ts corrected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. The relations hip between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels for the affected f acility must be established according to the procedures and meth ods specified in §60.2145(s)(5)(i) through (s)(5)(iv). (6) The owner or operator of an affected facility m ust conduct an initial performance test for particulate matter emissions as required under §60.2125. Compliance wi th the particulate matter emission limit , if PM CEMS are elected for demonstrating compliance, must be determined by using the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS specified in paragraph (n) of this section to measure particulate matter and calculating . You must calculate a 30-day rolling average emission concentration of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60 , appendix A7. (7) Compliance with the particulate matter emission limit must be determined based on the 30-day rolling aver age calculated using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 o f EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 from the 1-Page 79 of 322

hour arithmetic average continuous emission monitoring system CEMS outlet data. (8) At a minimum, valid continuous monitoring syste m hourly averages must be obtained as specified in §60.2170( e). (9) The 1-hour arithmetic averages required under p aragraph (n)(7) of this section must be expressed in milligr ams per dry standard cubic meter corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and must be used to calculate the 30-day rolling av erage emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the da ta points required under §60.13(e)(2). (10) All valid continu ous emission monitoring system CEMS data must be used in calculating average emission c oncentrations even if the minimum continuous emission monitoring system CEMS data requirements of paragraph (n)(8) of this secti on are not
met. (11) The continuous emission monitoring system CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 11 in appendix B of this part. (12) During each relative accuracy test run of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS required by performance specification 11 in appendix B of this part,Page 80 of 322

particulate matter and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) d ata must be collected concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minut e period) by
both the continuous emission s monitors CEMS and the following
test methods. (i) For particulate matter, EPA Reference Method 5 must be used. (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, as applicable , must be used. (13) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests must be performed in accord ance with procedure 2 in appendix F of this part. (14) When particulate matter emissions data are not obtained because of continuous emission monitoring system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero a nd span adjustments, emissions data must be obtained by usi ng other monitoring systems as approved by the Administrator or EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A

- 7 to provide, as necessary, valid emissions data for a minimum of 85 percent of the hours per day, 90 percent of the hours per c alendar quart er, and 95 percent of the hours per calendar year t hat the affected facility is operated and combusting waste. (o) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the c arbon monoxide emissions limit, you must use a continuous automated sampling system.Page 81 of 322

(1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for measuring carbon monoxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record t he output of the system. The requirements under performance spec ification 4B of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance p rocedure 1 of appendix F of this part and the procedures under §6 0.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation, and operatio n of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS . (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for carbon monoxide is completed or is required to be completed under §60.2140, compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit must may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentra tions using continuous emission monitoring system outlet data. The , including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, using CEMS outlet data. Except for CE MS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this sub part, the 1- hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this sub part, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen

content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under §60.13(e)(2).Page 82 of 322

(p) The owner/operator of an affected source with a bypass stack shall install, calibrate (to manufacturers’ specifications), maintain, and operate a device or method for measuring the use of the bypass stack including dat e, time and duration. (q) For energy recovery units with a design heat in put capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do n ot use a carbon monoxide CEMS, you must install, operate, an d maintain a oxygen analyzer system as defined in §60.2265 accor ding to the procedures in paragraphs (q)(1) through (4) of this section. (1) The oxygen analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date specified in §60.2675
. (2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (q)(3) of this section at all times. (3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that th e 30-day rolling average that is established as the operatin g limit for oxygen according to paragraph (q)(4) or this sectio n is not below the lowest hourly average oxygen concentratio n measured during the most recent CO performance test. (4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using Equation 19-19 in sectio n 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of this par t. (r) For energy recovery units with annual average h eat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and waste-Page 83 of 322

burning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintai n, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the syst em as specified in paragraphs (r)(1) through (8) of this section. If you elect to use a particulate matter CEMS as speci fied in paragraph (n) of this section, you are not required to use a PM CPMS to monitor particulate matter emissions. For o ther energy recovery units, you may elect to use PM CPMS operat ed in accordance with this section. PM CPMS are suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressur e) (1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-s pecific monitoring plan developed in accordance with §60.21 45(l) and (r)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-stack or extractive light scatter, light scintil lation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation detection of the exhaust gas or representative sample. The reportable measuremen t output from the PM CPMS may be expressed as milliamps, stack co ncentration, or other raw data signal
. (ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., peri od required to complete sampling, measurement, and rep orting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes.Page 84 of 322

(iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations of no greater than 0.5 mg/actual cubic meter. (2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compl iance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific ope rating limit in accordance with the results of the performance t est according to the procedures specified in §60.2110. (3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operatin g hours. Express the PM CPMS output as millamps, PM concentr ation, or other raw data signal value
. (4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected duri ng all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (e.g., milliamps, PM concentration, raw data signal ). (5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is o perating and at the intervals specified in paragraph (r)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system ma lfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfuncti ons, required monitoring system quality assurance or quality cont rol activities (including, as applicable, calibration c hecks andPage 85 of 322

required zero and span adjustments), and any schedu led maintenance as defined in your site-specific monito ring plan. (6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except: (i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring sy stem malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitor ing system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report a ny such periods in your annual deviation report); (ii) Any data collected during periods when the mon itoring system is out of control as specified in your site- specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods wh en the monitoring system is out of control, or required mo nitoring system quality assurance or quality control activit ies conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calcu lations (report emissions or operating levels and report an y such periods in your annual deviation report); (iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of C EMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this sub part. (7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as th e dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of controlPage 86 of 322

until completion of the corrective actions necessar y to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site- specific monitoring plan. (8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parame ter limit, you must: (i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually insp ect the air pollution control device; (ii) If inspection of the air pollution control dev ice identifies the cause of the deviation, take correct ive action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; and (iii) Within 45 days of the deviation or at the tim e of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, cond uct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance w ith the PM emissions limit and to verify or re-establish the C PMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional t esting for any deviations that occur between the time of the o riginal deviation and the PM emissions compliance test requ ired under this paragraph. (iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four r equired performance tests in a 12-month process operating p eriod (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this su bpart.Page 87 of 322

(s) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the em ission limits of this subpart, you must monitor the inject ion rate of each sorbent and maintain the 3-hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the hydroge n chloride performance test. § 60.2170 Is there a minimum amount of monitoring d ata I must obtain? For each continuous monitoring system required or optionally allowed under §60.2165, you must collect data according to this section: (a) You must operate the monitoring system and coll ect data at all required intervals at all times compliance i s required except for periods of monitoring system malfunction s or out-ofcontrol periods, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods (as specifie d in 60.2210(o) of this part), and required monitoring s ystem quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero an d span adjustments). A monitoring system malfunction is an y sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of t he monitoring system to provide valid data. Monitoring system fai lures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. You are required to effect monito ring system repairs in response to monitoring system malfunctio ns or out-of-Page 88 of 322

control periods and to return the monitoring system to operation as expeditiously as practicable. (b) You may not use data recorded during the monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, repa irs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or o ut-of-control periods, or required monitoring system quality assu rance or control activities in calculations used to report e missions or operating levels. You must use all the data collect ed during all other periods in assessing the operation of the con trol device and associated control system. (c) Except for periods of monitoring system malfunc tions or out-of-control periods, repairs associated with mon itoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality cont rol activities including, as applicable, calibration ch ecks and required zero and span adjustments, failure to coll ect required data is a deviation of the monitoring requirements. Recordkeeping and Reporting § 60.2175 What records must I keep? You must maintain the items (as applicable) as spec ified in paragraphs (a), (b), and (e) through ( u x ) of this section for a period of at least 5 years: (a) Calendar date of each record.Page 89 of 322

(b) Records of the data described in paragraphs (b) (1) through (6) of this section: (1) The CISWI unit charge dates, times, weights, an d hourly charge rates. (2) Liquor flow rate to the wet scrubber inlet ever y 15 minutes of operation, as applicable. (3) Pressure drop across the wet scrubber system ev ery 15 minutes of operation or amperage to the wet scrubbe r every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable. (4) Liquor pH as introduced to the wet scrubber eve ry 15 minutes of operation, as applicable. (5) For affected CISWI units that establish operati ng limits for controls other than wet scrubbers under §60.2110(d) through ( f g ) or §60.2115, you must maintain data collected for all operating parameters used to determine complian ce with the operating limits. For energy recovery units using activated carbon injection or a dry scrubber, you must also m aintain records of the load fraction and corresponding sorb ent injection
rate records. (6) If a fabric filter is used to comply with the e mission limitations, you must record the date, time, and du ration of each alarm and the time corrective action was initi ated and completed, and a brief description of the cause of the alarm and the corrective action taken. You must also record t he percent ofPage 90 of 322

operating time during each 6-month period that the alarm sounds, calculated as specified in §60.2110(c). (c) [Reserved] (d) [Reserved] (e) Identification of calendar dates and times for which data show a deviation from the operating limits in table 2 of this subpart or a deviation from other operating li mits established under §60.2110(d) through ( f g ) or §60.2115 with a description of the deviations, reasons for such dev iations, and a description of corrective actions taken. (f) The results of the initial, annual, and any sub sequent performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission limits and/or to establish operating limit s, as applicable. Retain a copy of the complete test repo rt including calculations. (g) All documentation produced as a result of the s iting requirements of §§60.2045 and 60.2050. (h) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operato rs who have completed review of the information in §60.209 5(a) as required by §60.2095(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews. (i) Records showing the names of the CISWI operator s who have completed the operator training requirements u nder §60.2070, met the criteria for qualification under §60.2080, andPage 91 of 322

maintained or renewed their qualification under §60 .2085 or §60.2090. Records must include documentation of tra ining, the dates of the initial and refresher training, and th e dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications. (j) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or p ager number at which they can be reached during operatin g hours. (k) Records of calibration of any monitoring device s as required under §60.2165. (l) Equipment vendor specifications and related ope ration and maintenance requirements for the incinerator, e mission controls, and monitoring equipment. (m) The information listed in §60.2095(a). (n) On a daily basis, keep a log of the quantity of waste burned and the types of waste burned (always requir ed). (o) Maintain records of the annual air pollution co ntrol device inspections that are required for each CISWI unit subject to the emissions limits in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, any required maintenance , and any repairs not completed within 10 days of an inspecti on or the timeframe established by the state regulatory agenc y. (p) For continuously monitored pollutants or parame ters, you must document and keep a record of the followin g parameters measured using continuous monitoring systems.Page 92 of 322

(1) All 6-minute average levels of opacity. (2) All 1-hour average concentrations of sulfur dio xide emissions. (3) All 1-hour average concentrations of nitrogen o xides emissions. (4) All 1-hour average concentrations of carbon mon oxide emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown. (5) All 1-hour average concentrations of particulat e matter emissions. (6) All 1-hour average concentrations of mercury em issions. (7) All 1-hour average concentrations of hydrogen c hloride emissions. (8) All 1-hour average percent oxygen concentration s. (9) All 1-hour average PM CPMS readings or particul ate matter continuous emissions monitor CEMS outputs. (q) Records indicating use of the bypass stack, inc luding dates, times, and durations. (r) If you choose to stack test less frequently tha n annually, consistent with §60.2155(a) through (c), you must keep annual records that document that your emissions in the previous stack test(s) were less than 75 percent of the appl icable emission limit and document that there was no chang e in source operations including fuel composition and operation of airPage 93 of 322

pollution control equipment that would cause emissi ons of the relevant pollutant to increase within the past year
. (s) Records of the occurrence and duration of each malfunction of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air pollution control and monitoring equipment. (t) Records of all required maintenance performed o n the air pollution control and monitoring equipment. (u) Records of actions taken during periods of malf unction to minimize emissions in accordance with §60.11(d), including corrective actions to restore malfunctioning proces s and air pollution control and monitoring equipment to its n ormal or usual manner of operation. (v) For operating units that burn combust non-hazardous secondary materials other than traditional fuels as defined in §241.2, a description that have been determined not to be solid waste pursuant to §241.3(b)(1) of each material burned, and this chapter, you must keep a record which documents how each the secondary material that is not a traditional fuel meets each of the legitimacy criteria in under §241.3(d )(1 ). If you combust a material fuel that has been processed from a discarded nonhazardous secondary material pursuant to §241.3(b)( 4 ), ) of this chapter, you must keep records as to how the operations tha t produced the material satisfy fuel satisfies the definition of processing in §241.2 and each of the legitimacy criteria ofPage 94 of 322

§241.3(d)(1) of this chapter . If the material fuel received a non-waste determination pursuant to the petition pr ocess submitted under §241.3(c ), ) of this chapter, you must keep a copy of record that documents how the non
- waste determination granted by EPA. (w) fuel satisfies the requirements of the petition pro cess. For operating units that burn tires, combust non-hazardous secondary materials as fuel per §241.4, you must ke ep records documenting that the material is a listed non-waste under §241.4(a). (1) A certification that the shipment of tires that are

non
- waste per 40 CFR 241.3(b)(2)(i), are part of an est ablished tire collection program, consistent with the defini tion of that term in §241.2. The certification must document that the tires were not discarded and are handled as valuable comm odities in accordance with §241.3(d), from the point of remova l from the automobile through arrival at the combustion facili ty. The certification must identify the entity the tires were received from (for example, the name of the state or private collection program), the quantity, volume, or weight of tires received by you, and the dates received. The certification must be signed by the owner or operator of the combustion unit, or b y a responsible official of the established tire collec tion program, and must include the following certification of com pliance, “ThePage 95 of 322

tires from this tire collection program meet the EP A definition of an established tire collection program in 40 CFR sectio n 241.” and state the title or position of the person signing the certification. (2) You must also keep a record that identifies where o n your plant site the tires from each tire collection program are located, and that accounts for all tires at the pla nt site. (w) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a small power production facility unde r section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17 )(C)) and that the waste material the unit is proposed to bur n is homogeneous. (x) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)) and th at the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneou s. § 60.2180 Where and in what format must I keep my r ecords? All records must be available onsite in either pape r copy or computer-readable format that can be printed upo n request, unless an alternative format is approved by the Adm inistrator. § 60.2185 What reports must I submit?
See Table table 4 of this subpart for a summary of the reporting requirements. § 60.2190 What must I submit prior to commencing co nstruction?Page 96 of 322

You must submit a notification prior to commencing construction that includes the five items listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section. (a) A statement of intent to construct. (b) The anticipated date of commencement of constru ction. (c) All documentation produced as a result of the s iting requirements of §60.2050. (d) The waste management plan as specified in §§60. 2055 through 60.2065. (e) Anticipated date of initial startup. § 60.2195 What information must I submit prior to i nitial startup? You must submit the information specified in paragr aphs (a) through (e) of this section prior to initial startu p. (a) The type(s) of waste to be burned. (b) The maximum design waste burning capacity. (c) The anticipated maximum charge rate. (d) If applicable, the petition for site-specific o perating limits under §60.2115. (e) The anticipated date of initial startup. § 60.2200 What information must I submit following my initial performance test? You must submit the information specified in paragr aphs (a) through (c) of this section no later than 60 days f ollowing thePage 97 of 322

initial performance test. All reports must be signe d by the facilities manager. (a) The complete test report for the initial perfor mance test results obtained under §60.2135, as applicable
. (b) The values for the site-specific operating limi ts established in §60.2110 or §60.2115. (c) If you are using a fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, documentation that a bag leak detection system has been installed and is being operated, ca librated, and maintained as required by §60.2165(b). § 60.2205 When must I submit my annual report? You must submit an annual report no later than 12 m onths following the submission of the information in §60. 2200. You must submit subsequent reports no more than 12 mont hs following the previous report. (If the unit is subject to per mitting requirements under title V of the Clean Air Act, yo u may be required by the permit to submit these reports more frequently.) § 60.2210 What information must I include in my ann ual report? The annual report required under §60.2205 must incl ude the ten items listed in paragraphs (a) through (j) of t his section. If you have a deviation from the operating limits o r the emission limitations, you must also submit deviatio n reports as specified in §§60.2215, 60.2220, and 60.2225. (a) Company name and address.Page 98 of 322

(b) Statement by a responsible official, with that official's name, title, and signature, certifying t he accuracy of the content of the report. (c) Date of report and beginning and ending dates o f the reporting period. (d) The values for the operating limits established pursuant to §60.2110 or §60.2115. (e) If no deviation from any emission limitation or operating limit that applies to you has been report ed, a statement that there was no deviation from the emis sion limitations or operating limits during the reportin g period. (f) The highest recorded 3-hour average and the low est recorded 3-hour average, as applicable, for each op erating parameter recorded for the calendar year being repo rted. (g) Information recorded under §60.2175(b)(6) and ( c) through (e) for the calendar year being reported. (h) If a performance test was conducted during the reporting period, the results of that test. (i) If you met the requirements of §60.2155(a) or ( b), and did not conduct a performance test during the repor ting period, you must state that you met the requirements of §60 .2155(a) or (b), and, therefore, you were not required to condu ct a performance test during the reporting period.Page 99 of 322

(j) Documentation of periods when all qualified CIS WI unit operators were unavailable for more than 8 hours, b ut less than 2 weeks. (k) If you had a malfunction during the reporting p eriod, the compliance report must include the number, dura tion, and a brief description for each type of malfunction that occurred during the reporting period and that caused or may have caused any applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. The report must also include a description of actions taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with §60.11(d), including a ctions taken to correct a malfunction. (l) For each deviation from an emission or operatin g limitation that occurs for a CISWI unit for which y ou are not using a continuous monitoring system to comply with the emission or operating limitations in this subpart, the annua l report must contain the following information. (1) The total operating time of the CISWI unit at w hich the deviation occurred during the reporting period. (2) Information on the number, duration, and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable) , as applicable, and the corrective action taken. (m) If there were periods during which the continuo us monitoring system, including the continuous emission monitoringPage 100 of 322

system CEMS , was out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, the annual report must contain the fo llowing information for each deviation from an emission or operating limitation occurring for a CISWI unit for which you are using a continuous monitoring system to comply with the emi ssion and operating limitations in this subpart. (1) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped. (2) The date, time, and duration that each CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-l evel checks. (3) The date, time, and duration that each continuo us monitoring system was out-of-control, including sta rt and end dates and hours and descriptions of corrective acti ons taken. (4) The date and time that each deviation started a nd stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of malfunction or during another period. (5) A summary of the total duration of the deviatio n during the reporting period, and the total duration as a p ercent of the total source operating time during that reporting p eriod. (6) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviat ions during the reporting period into those that are due to control equipment problems, process problems, other known c auses, and other unknown causes.Page 101 of 322

(7) A summary of the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime during the reporting per iod, and the total duration of continuous monitoring system down time as a percent of the total operating time of the CISWI un it at which the continuous monitoring system downtime occurred during that reporting period. (8) An identification of each parameter and polluta nt that was monitored at the CISWI unit. (9) A brief description of the CISWI unit. (10) A brief description of the continuous monitori ng system. (11) The date of the latest continuous monitoring s ystem certification or audit. (12) A description of any changes in continuous mon itoring system, processes, or controls since the last repor ting period. (n) If there were periods during which the continuo us monitoring system, including the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS , was not out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, a statement that there were not pe riods during which the continuous monitoring system was out of c ontrol during the reporting period. (o) A continuous monitoring system is out of contro l in accordance with the procedure in 40 CFR part 60, ap pendix F of this part, as if any of the following occur.Page 102 of 322

(1) The zero (low-level), mid-level (if applicable) , or high-level calibration drift exceeds two times the applicable calibration drift specification in the applicable p erformance specification or in the relevant standard. (2) The continuous monitoring system fails a perfor mance test audit (e.g., cylinder gas audit), relative acc uracy audit, relative accuracy test audit, or linearity test aud it. (3) The continuous opacity monitoring system calibr ation drift exceeds two times the limit in the applicable performance specification in the relevant standard. § 60.2215 What else must I report if I have a devia tion from the operating limits or the emission limitations? (a) You must submit a deviation report if any recor ded 3- hour average parameter level is above the maximum o perating limit or below the minimum operating limit establis hed under this subpart, if the bag leak detection system alar m sounds for more than 5 percent of the operating time for the 6 -month reporting period, or if a performance test was cond ucted that deviated from any emission limitation. (b) The deviation report must be submitted by Augus t 1 of that year for data collected during the first half of the calendar year (January 1 to June 30), and by Februa ry 1 of the following year for data you collected during the se cond half of the calendar year (July 1 to December 31).Page 103 of 322

§ 60.2220 What must I include in the deviation repo rt? In each report required under §60.2215, for any pol lutant or parameter that deviated from the emission limita tions or operating limits specified in this subpart, include the six items described in paragraphs (a) through (f) of th is section. (a) The calendar dates and times your unit deviated from the emission limitations or operating limit require ments. (b) The averaged and recorded data for those dates. (c) Durations and causes of the following: (1) Each deviation from emission limitations or ope rating limits and your corrective actions. (2) Bypass events and your corrective actions. (d) A copy of the operating limit monitoring data d uring each deviation and any test report that documents t he emission
levels. (e) [Removed] (f) [Removed] § 60.2225 What else must I report if I have a devia tion from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible ? (a) If all qualified operators are not accessible f or 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions in par agraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.Page 104 of 322

(1) Submit a notification of the deviation within 1 0 days that includes the three items in paragraphs (a)(1)( i) through (iii) of this section. (i) A statement of what caused the deviation. (ii) A description of what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible. (iii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be available. (2) Submit a status report to the Administrator eve ry 4 weeks that includes the three items in paragraphs ( a)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) A description of what you are doing to ensure t hat a qualified operator is accessible. (ii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible. (iii) Request approval from the Administrator to co ntinue operation of the CISWI unit. (b) If your unit was shut down by the Administrator , under the provisions of §60.2100(b)(2), due to a failure to provide an accessible qualified operator, you must notify the Administrator that you are resuming operation once a qualified op erator is accessible. § 60.2230 Are there any other notifications or repo rts that I must submit?Page 105 of 322

(a) Yes. You must submit notifications as provided by §60.7. (b) If you cease combusting solid waste but continu e to operate, you must provide 30 days prior notice of t he effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch, consistent with 6 0.2145(a). The notification must identify: (1) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) t hat will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the noti ce; (2) The currently applicable subcategory under this subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcate gory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste; (3) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid wa ste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has comb usted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste mat erials the unit will commence combusting; (4) The date on which you became subject to the cur rently applicable emission limits; (5) The date upon which you will cease combusting s olid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effect ive date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragrap hs ( b)( 2) and (3 ) )) of this section. § 60.2235 In what form can I submit my reports?Page 106 of 322

(a) Submit initial, annual , and deviation reports electronically or in paper format, postmarked on or before the submittal due dates. (b) Submit results of performance tests and CEMS performance evaluation tests as follows. (1) As of January 1 , 2012, and w W ithin 60 days after the date of completing each performance test , as defined in §63.2, conducted to demonstrate compliance with as required by this subpart, you must submit relative accuracy test audit (i.e., reference method) data and the results of the performance test s (i.e., compliance test) data, except opacity data, electronically to required by this subpart to EPA’s WebFIRE database by using the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI) that is accessed through EPA’s Central Data Exchange (CDX ) by using the )(www.epa.gov/cdx). Performance test data must be submitted in the file format generated through use
of EPA’s Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) (see http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/ ert tool index .html / ) or other compatible electronic spreadsheet. ). Only data collected using
test methods compatible with on the ERT website are subject to this requirement for submitting reports electronically to WebFIRE. Owners or operators who claim that some of the information being submitted for performance tests i s confidential business information (CBI) must submit a completePage 107 of 322

ERT file including information claimed to be submitted CBI on a compact disk, flash drive, or other commonly used e lectronic storage media to EPA. The electronic media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAPQS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: WebFIRE Administrator, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT file with the CBI om itted must be submitted to EPA via CDX as described earlier in th is paragraph. At the discretion of the delegated authority, you m ust also submit these reports, including the confidential bu siness information, to the delegated authority in the form at specified by the delegated authority. For any performance tes t conducted using test methods that are not listed on the ERT w ebsite, the owner or operator shall submit the results of the p erformance test in paper submissions to the Administrator. (2) Within 60 days after the date of completing eac h CEMS performance evaluation test, as defined in this sub part and required by this subpart, you must submit the relat ive accuracy test audit (RATA) data electronically into EPA’s WebFIRE database. Central Data Exchange by using CEDRI as mentioned i n paragraph (b)(1) of this section. Only RATA polluta nts that can be documented with the ERT (as listed on the ERT we bsite) are subject to this requirement. For any performance ev aluations with no corresponding RATA pollutants listed on the ERT website, the owner or operator shall submit the results of t hePage 108 of 322

performance evaluation in paper submissions to the Administrator. § 60.2240 Can reporting dates be changed? If the Administrator agrees, you may change the sem iannual or annual reporting dates. See §60.19(c) for proced ures to seek approval to change your reporting date. Title V Operating Permits § 60.2242 Am I required to apply for and obtain a T itle V operating permit for my unit? Yes. Each CISWI unit and air curtain incinerator su bject to standards under this subpart must operate pursuant to a permit issued under Section section 129(e) and Title V of the Clean Air

Act.

Air Curtain Incinerators § 60.2245 What is an air curtain incinerator? (a) An air curtain incinerator operates by forceful ly projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or open pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this ty pe can be constructed above or below ground and with or witho ut refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerators are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices with enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mas s burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.)Page 109 of 322

(b) Air curtain incinerators that burn only the mat erials listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this sec tion are only required to meet the requirements under “Air Curtai n Incinerators” (§§60.2245 through 60.2260). (1) 100 percent wood waste. (2) 100 percent clean lumber. (3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean l umber, and/or yard waste. § 60.2250 What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators? Within 60 days after your air curtain incinerator r eaches the charge rate at which it will operate, but no la ter than 180 days after its initial startup, you must meet the t wo limitations specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 10 pe rcent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-ho ur blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values), except as described in paragraph (b) of this section. (b) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 35 pe rcent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-ho ur blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) during the startup period that is within the first 30 minutes of operation. § 60.2255 How must I monitor opacity for air curtai n incinerators?Page 110 of 322

(a) Use Method 9 of appendix A of this part to dete rmine compliance with the opacity limitation. (b) Conduct an initial test for opacity as specifie d in §60.8. (c) After the initial test for opacity, conduct ann ual tests no more than 12 calendar months following the date of your previous test. § 60.2260 What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators? (a) Prior to commencing construction on your air cu rtain incinerator, submit the three items described in pa ragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) Notification of your intent to construct the ai r curtain incinerators. (2) Your planned initial startup date. (3) Types of materials you plan to burn in your air curtain incinerator. (b) Keep records of results of all initial and annu al opacity tests onsite in either paper copy or electr onic format, unless the Administrator approves another format, f or at least 5

years. (c) Make all records available for submittal to the Administrator or for an inspector's onsite review.Page 111 of 322

(d) You must submit the results (as determined by t he average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6- minute average opacity values) of the initial opacity test s no later than 60 days following the initial test. Submit ann ual opacity test results within 12 months following the previou s report. (e) Submit initial and annual opacity test reports as electronic or paper copy on or before the applicabl e submittal
date. (f) Keep a copy of the initial and annual reports o nsite for a period of 5 years.

Definitions § 60.2265 What definitions must I know? Terms used but not defined in this subpart are defi ned in the Clean Air Act and subpart A (General Provisions ) of this part. 30-day rolling average means the arithmetic mean of the previous 720 hours of valid operating data. Valid d ata excludes periods when this unit is not operating. The 720 ho urs should be consecutive, but not necessarily continuous if oper ations are intermittent. Administrator means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or his/her authoriz ed representative or Administrator of a State Air Poll ution Control Agency.Page 112 of 322

Affirmative defense means, in the context of an enforcement proceeding, a response or defense put forward by a defendant, regarding which the defendant has the burden of pro of, and the merits of which are independently and objectively e valuated in a judicial or administrative proceeding. Air curtain incinerator means an incinerator that operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or wi thout refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerato rs are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices wi th enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mas s burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.) Annual heat input means the heat input for the 12 m onths preceding the compliance demonstration. Auxiliary fuel means natural gas, liquified petroleum gas, fuel oil, or diesel fuel. Average annual heat input rate means annual heat in put divided by the hours of operation for the 12 months preceding the compliance demonstration. Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is capable of monitoring particulate matter loadings i n the exhaust of a fabric filter (i.e., baghouse) in order to det ect bag failures. A bag leak detection system includes, but is notPage 113 of 322

limited to, an instrument that operates on triboele ctric, light scattering, light transmittance, or other principle to monitor relative particulate matter loadings.
Burn-off oven means any rack reclamation unit, part reclamation unit, or drum reclamation unit. A burn- off oven is not an incinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy r ecovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Bypass stack means a device used for discharging combustion gases to avoid severe damage to the air pollution c ontrol device or other equipment. Calendar quarter means three consecutive months (nonoverlapping) beginning on: January 1, April 1, July 1, or October 1. Calendar year means 365 consecutive days starting on January 1 and ending on December 31. CEMS data during startup and shutdown means the fol lowing: (1) For incinerators, small remote incinerators, an d energy recovery units: CEMS data collected during the firs t hours of a CISWI unit startup from a cold start until waste is fed to the unit and the hours of operation following the cessa tion of waste material being fed to the CISWI unit during a unit shutdown. For each startup event, the length of time that CEMS da ta may be claimed as being CEMS data during startup must be 4 8 operating hours or less. For each shutdown event, the length of time thatPage 114 of 322

CEMS data may be claimed as being CEMS data during shutdown must be 24 operating hours or less. (2) For waste-burning kilns: CEMS data collected du ring the periods of kiln operation that do not include norma l operations. Startup begins when the kiln’s induced fan is turne d on and continues until continuous feed is introduced into the kiln, at which time the kiln is in normal operating mode. Sh utdown begins when feed to the kiln is halted. Chemical recovery unit means combustion units burning materials to recover chemical constituents or to pr oduce chemical compounds where there is an existing comme rcial market for such recovered chemical constituents or compoun ds. The following seven types of units are considered chemi cal recovery units: (1) Units burning only pulping liquors (i.e., black liq uor) that are reclaimed in a pulping liquor recovery pro cess and reused in the pulping process. (2) Units burning only spent sulfuric acid used to prod uce virgin sulfuric acid. (3) Units burning only wood or coal feedstock for the production of charcoal. (4) Units burning only manufacturing byproduct streams/residue containing catalyst metals which that arePage 115 of 322

reclaimed and reused as catalysts or used to produc e commercial grade catalysts. (5) Units burning only coke to produce purified carbon monoxide that is used as an intermediate in the pro duction of other chemical compounds. (6) Units burning only hydrocarbon liquids or solids to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, synthesis gas, o r other gases for use in other manufacturing processes. (7) Units burning only photographic film to recover sil ver. Chemotherapeutic waste means waste material resulting from the production or use of antineoplastic agents used for the purpose of stopping or reversing the growth of mali gnant cells. Clean lumber means wood or wood products that have been cut or shaped and include wet, air-dried, and kiln-drie d wood products. Clean lumber does not include wood produc ts that have been painted, pigment-stained, or pressure-treated by compounds such as chromate copper arsenate, pentachlorophenol , and

creosote. Commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) unit means any distinct operating unit of any commercia l or industrial facility that combusts, or has combusted in the preceding 6 months, any solid waste as that term is defined in 40 CFR part 241. If the operating unit burns materi als other than traditional fuels as defined in §241.2 that ha ve beenPage 116 of 322

discarded, and you do not keep and produce records as required by §60.2175(v), the material is a solid waste and the operating unit is a CISWI unit. While not all CISWI units wil l include all of the following components, a CISWI unit includes, but is not limited to, the solid waste feed system, grate syst em, flue gas system, waste heat recovery equipment, if any, and bottom ash system. The CISWI unit does not include air polluti on control equipment or the stack. The CISWI unit boundary sta rts at the solid waste hopper (if applicable) and extends thro ugh two areas: The combustion unit flue gas system, which e nds immediately after the last combustion chamber or af ter the waste heat recovery equipment, if any; and the combustion unit bottom ash system, which ends at the truck loading station or similar equipment that transfers the ash to final disposal. The CISWI unit includes all ash handling systems connected to the bottom ash handling system. Contained gaseous material means gases that are in a container when that container is combusted. Continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) means the total equipment that may be required to meet the da ta acquisition and availability requirements of this s ubpart, used to sample, condition (if applicable), analyze, and provide a record of emissions. Formatted: Indent: First line: 0" Formatted: UnderlinePage 117 of 322

Continuous monitoring system (CMS) means the total equipment, required under the emission monitoring s ections in applicable subparts, used to sample and condition ( if applicable), to analyze, and to provide a permanent record of emissions or process parameters. A particulate matter continuous parameter monitoring system (PM CPMS) is a type of CMS. Cyclonic burn barrel means a combustion device for waste materials that is attached to a 55 gallon, open-hea d drum. The device consists of a lid, which fits onto and enclo ses the drum, and a blower that forces combustion air into the dr um in a cyclonic manner to enhance the mixing of waste mate rial and air. A cyclonic burn barrel is not an incinerator, a was te-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote in cinerator under this subpart. Cyclonic b arrel burner means a combustion device for waste materials that is attached to a 55 gallon, open

- head drum. The device consists of a lid, which fits onto and enclo ses the drum, and a blower that forces combustion air into the dr um in a cyclonic manner to e nhance the mixing of waste material and air. A cyclonic burn barrel is not an incinerator, waste

- burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote in cinerator under this subpart.Page 118 of 322

Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a

source: (1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation est ablished by this subpart, including but not limited to any e mission limitation, operating limit, or operator qualificat ion and accessibility requirements. (2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is ado pted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected s ource required to obtain such a permit. Dioxins/furans means tetra- through octa-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. Discard means, for purposes of this subpart and 40 CFR par t 60, subpart DDDD, only, burned in an incineration u nit without

energy recovery. Drum reclamation unit means a unit that burns residues out of drums (e.g., 55 gallon drums) so that the drums can be reused. Dry scrubber means an add-on air pollution control system that injects dry alkaline sorbent (dry injection) o r sprays an alkaline sorbent (spray dryer) to react with and ne utralize acid gas in the exhaust stream forming a dry powder mate rial. Sorbent injection systems in fluidized bed boilers and proc ess heatersPage 119 of 322

are included in this definition. A dry scrubber is a dry control system. Energy recovery means the process of recovering thermal energy from combustion for useful purposes such as steam generation or process heating. Energy recovery unit means a combustion unit combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Adminis trator under
RCRA in 40 CFR 240 241 ) for energy recovery. Energy recovery units include units that would be considered boiler s and process heaters if they did not combust solid waste. Energy recovery unit designed to burn biomass (Biom ass) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid wast e and at least 10 percent , biomass, and non-coal solid materials but less than 10 percent coal, on a heat input basis on an a nnual average, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid fuel or gaseous fuels. Energy recovery unit designed to burn coal (Coal) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid waste and at least 10 percent coal on a heat input basis on an annual ave rage, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid f uel or gaseous fuels. Energy recovery unit designed to burn liquid waste materials and gas (Liquid/gas) means an energy recovery unitPage 120 of 322

that burns a liquid waste with liquid or gaseous fu els not combined with any solid fuel or waste materials. Energy recovery unit designed to burn solid materia ls (Solids) includes energy recovery units designed to burn co al and energy recovery units designed to burn biomass. Fabric filter means an add-on air pollution control device used to capture particulate matter by filtering gas streams through filter media, also known as a baghouse. Homogeneous wastes are stable, consistent in formulation, have known fuel properties, have a defined origin, have predictable chemical and physical attributes, and r esult in consistent combustion characteristics and have a co nsistent emissions p rofile. Foundry sand thermal reclamation unit means a type of part reclamation unit that removes coatings that are on foundry sand. A foundry sand thermal reclamation unit is not an i ncinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a sm all, remote incinerator under this subpart. Incinerator means any furnace used in the process of combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator under RCRA in 40 CFR 240 241 ) for the purpose of reducing the volume of the waste by removing combus tible matter. Incinerator designs include single chamber and two- chamber.Page 121 of 322

Kiln means an oven or furnace, including any associated preheater or precalciner devices, used for processi ng a substance by burning, firing or drying. Kilns inclu de cement kilns that produce clinker by heating limestone and other materials for subsequent production of Portland Cem ent. Laboratory analysis unit means units that burn samples of materials for the purpose of chemical or physical a nalysis. A laboratory analysis unit is not an incinerator, was te-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote in cinerator under this subpart. Load fraction means the actual heat input of an ene rgy recovery unit divided by heat input during the perf ormance test that established the minimum sorbent injection rate or minimum activated carbon injection rate, expressed as a fra ction (e.g., for 50 percent load the load fraction is 0.5). Low-level radioactive waste means waste material which contains radioactive nuclides emitting primarily be ta or gamma radiation, or both, in concentrations or quantities that exceed applicable Federal or State standards for unrestric ted release. Low-level radioactive waste is not high-level radio active waste, spent nuclear fuel, or byproduct material as define d by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014(e)(2)). Malfunction means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution con trolPage 122 of 322

equipment, process equipment, or a process to opera te in a normal or usual manner. Failures that are caused, i n part, by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malf unctions

. Minimum voltage or amperage means 90 percent of the lowest test-run average voltage or amperage to the electro static precipitator measured during the most recent partic ulate matter or mercury performance test demonstrating complianc e with the applicable emission limits. Modification or modified CISWI unit means a CISWI unit that has been changed later than June 1, 2001 [THE DATE SIX MONTHS
AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ] and that meets one of two criteria: (1) The cumulative cost of the changes over the lif e of the unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of bui lding and installing the CISWI unit (not including the cost o f land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To dete rmine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit u sed to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit. (2) Any physical change in the CISWI unit or change in the method of operating it that increases the amount of any air pollutant emitted for which section 129 or section 111 of the Clean Air Act has established standards. Municipal solid waste or municipal-type solid waste means household, commercial/retail, or institutional wast e. HouseholdPage 123 of 322

waste includes material discarded by residential dw ellings, hotels, motels, and other similar permanent or temp orary housing. Commercial/retail waste includes material discarded by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, nonmanufa cturing activities at industrial facilities, and other simi lar establishments or facilities. Institutional waste i ncludes materials discarded by schools, by hospitals (nonme dical), by nonmanufacturing activities at prisons and governme nt facilities, and other similar establishments or fac ilities. Household, commercial/retail, and institutional was te does include yard waste and refuse-derived fuel. Househo ld, commercial/retail, and institutional waste does not include used oil; sewage sludge; wood pallets; construction, ren ovation, and demolition wastes (which include railroad ties and telephone poles); clean wood; industrial process or manufactu ring wastes; medical waste; or motor vehicles (including motor v ehicle parts or vehicle fluff). Opacity means the degree to which emissions reduce the transmission of light and obscure the view of an ob ject in the background.Operating day means a 24-hour period bet ween 12:00 midnight and the following midnight during which an y amount of solid waste is combusted at any time in the CISWI u nit. Oxygen analyzer system means all equipment required to determine the oxygen content of a gas stream and us ed to monitorPage 124 of 322

oxygen in the boiler or process heater flue gas, bo iler or process heater, firebox, or other appropriate locat ion. This definition includes oxygen trim systems and certifi ed oxygen CEMS. The source owner or operator is responsible t o install, calibrate, maintain, and operate the oxygen analyze r system in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Oxygen trim system means a system of monitors that is used to maintain excess air at the desired level in a co mbustion device. A typical system consists of a flue gas oxy gen and/or carbon monoxide monitor that automatically provides a feedback signal to the combustion air controller. Part reclamation unit means a unit that burns coatings off parts (e.g., tools, equipment) so that the parts ca n be reconditioned and reused. Particulate matter means total particulate matter emitted from CISWI units as measured by Method 5 or Method 29 of appendix A of this part. Pathological waste means waste material consisting of only human or animal remains, anatomical parts, and/or t issue, the bags/containers used to collect and transport the w aste material, and animal bedding (if applicable). Performance evaluation means the conduct of relative accuracy testing, calibration error testing, and ot herPage 125 of 322

measurements used in validating the continuous moni toring system
data. Performance test means the collection of data resulting from the execution of a test method (usually three emission test runs) used to demonstrate compliance with a relevan t emission standard as specified in the performance test secti on of the
relevant standard. Process change means a significant permit revision, but only with respect to those pollutant

- specific emission units for which the proposed permit revision is applicable, i ncluding but not limited to a change in any of the following physical or operational changes: (1) A physical change (maintenance activities exclu ded) to the CISWI unit which results in an increase of the emission rate of any air pollutant to which a standard applies; (2) An operational change to the CISWI unit w hich results in an increase of the emission rate of any air poll utant to which the standard applies (e.g. where a new type of nonhazardous secondary material is being combusted) ; (3) A physical change (maintenance activities exclu ded) to the air pollution control devices used to comply wi th the emission limits for the CISWI unit (e.g., replacing an electrostatic precipitator with a fabric filter);Page 126 of 322

(4) An operational change to the air pollution control devices used to comply with the emission limits for the affected CISWI unit (e.g., change in the sorbent injection rate used for activated carbon injection). Rack reclamation unit means a unit that burns the coatings off racks used to hold small items for application of a coating. The unit burns the coating overspray off the rack s o the rack can be reused. Raw mill means a ball and or tube mill, vertical roller mill or other size reduction equipment, that is not part of an inline kiln/raw mill, used to grind feed to the appro priate size. Moisture may be added or removed from the feed duri ng the grinding operation. If the raw mill is used to remo ve moisture from feed materials, it is also, by definition, a r aw material dryer. The raw mill also includes the air separator associated with the raw mill. Reconstruction means rebuilding a CISWI unit and meeting two criteria: (1) The reconstruction begins on or after June 1, 2 001. (2) The cumulative cost of the construction over th e life of the incineration unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not incl uding land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To dete rmine whatPage 127 of 322

systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit u sed to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit. Refuse-derived fuel means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing municipal solid waste throug h shredding and size classification. This includes all classes of refusederived fuel including two fuels: (1) Low-density fluff refuse-derived fuel through d ensified refuse-derived fuel. (2) Pelletized refuse-derived fuel. Responsible official means one of the following: (1) For a corporation: a president, secretary, trea surer, or vice-president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corpora tion, or a duly authorized representative of such person if th e representative is responsible for the overall opera tion of one or more manufacturing, production, or operating fac ilities applying for or subject to a permit and either: (i) The facilities employ more than 250 persons or have gross annual sales or expenditures exceeding $25 mi llion (in second quarter 1980 dollars); or (ii) The delegation of authority to such representa tives is approved in advance by the permitting authority;Page 128 of 322

(2) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: a gen eral partner or the proprietor, respectively; (3) For a municipality, State, Federal, or other pu blic agency: Either a principal executive officer or ran king elected official. For the purposes of this part, a principa l executive officer of a Federal agency includes the chief exec utive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency (e.g., a Regional Adm inistrator of EPA); or (4) For affected facilities: (i) The designated representative in so far as acti ons, standards, requirements, or prohibitions under Titl e IV of the Clean Air Act or the regulations promulgated there under are concerned; or (ii) The designated representative for any other pu rposes under part 60.
Shutdown means the period of time after all waste has been combusted in the primary chamber. Small, remote incinerator means an incinerator that combusts solid waste (as that term is defined by th e Administrator under RCRA in 40 CFR 240 241 ) and combusts 3 tons per day or less solid waste and is more than 25 mil es driving distance to the nearest municipal solid waste landf ill.Page 129 of 322

Soil treatment unit means a unit that thermally treats petroleum –contaminated soils for the sole purpose of site remediation. A soil treat e ment unit may be direct-fired or indirect fired. A soil treatment unit is not an inc inerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Solid waste means the term solid waste as defined i n 40 CFR 241.2. Solid waste incineration unit means a distinct operating unit of any facility which combusts any solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator under RCRA in 40 CFR 240 part 241 ) material from commercial or industrial establishments or the general public (including sin gle and multiple residences, hotels and motels). Such term does not include incinerators or other units required to hav e a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. The term "solid waste incineration unit" does not include: ( A) materials 1) Materials recovery facilities (including primary or secondary smelters) which combust waste for the pri mary purpose of recovering metals; ( B) qualifying 2) Qualifying small power production facilities, as defined in section 3(17)( C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 769(17)(C)), or qualif ying cogeneration facilities, as defined in section 3(18 )(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)), which bur n homogeneousPage 130 of 322

waste (such as units which burn tires or used oil, but not including refuse-derived fuel) for the production o f electric energy or in the case of qualifying cogeneration fa cilities which burn homogeneous waste for the production of electric energy and steam or forms of useful energy (such as heat) which are used for industrial, commercial, heating or coo ling purposes; or ( C) air 3) Air curtain incinerators provided that such incinerators only burn wood wastes, yard waste s, and clean lumber and that such air curtain incinerators compl y with opacity limitations to be established by the Admini strator by rule. Space heater means a usually portable appliance for heating a relatively small area. These units are unit that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 279.23. A space heater is not subject to
the an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote subcategories incinerator under this subpart
. Standard conditions , when referring to units of measure, means a temperature of 68 °F (20 °C) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kilopascals). Startup period means the period of time between the activation of the system and the first charge to th e unit. Waste-burning kiln means a kiln that is heated, in whole or in part, by combusting solid waste (as that term is defined byPage 131 of 322

the Administrator pursuant to Subtitle D of RCRA). in 40 CFR part 241). Secondary materials used in Portland cement k ilns shall not be deemed to be combusted unless they are intro duced into the flame zone in the hot end of the kiln or mixed with the precalciner fuel.
Wet scrubber means an add-on air pollution control device that uses an aqueous or alkaline scrubbing liquor t o collect particulate matter (including nonvaporous metals an d condensed organics) and/or to absorb and neutralize acid gase s. Wood waste means untreated wood and untreated wood products, including tree stumps (whole or chipped), trees, tree limbs (whole or chipped), bark, sawdust, chips, scr aps, slabs, millings, and shavings. Wood waste does not include : (1) Grass, grass clippings, bushes, shrubs, and cli ppings from bushes and shrubs from residential, commercial /retail, institutional, or industrial sources as part of mai ntaining yards or other private or public lands. (2) Construction, renovation, or demolition wastes. (3) Clean lumber.Page 132 of 322

Table 1 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60—Emission Limitat ions for CISWI Units for Which Construction Is Commenced Aft er November 30, 1999, but no later than June 4, 2010, or for Wh ich Modification or Reconstruction Is Commenced on or A fter June 1, 2001, but no later than [THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PU BLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER].

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Cadmium 0.004 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test (Method 29 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A8). Carbon monoxide 157 parts per million by dry volume 30 day rolling 3-run

average (1 hour minimum sample time per run) Carbon Monoxide CEMS ( Performance Specification 4A of this test (Method 10 at 40 CFR part , using a span value of 300 ppm .) 60, appendix A-4). Dioxin/Furan (toxic equivalency basis) 0.41 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 2 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test (Method 23 of appendix A- 7 of this part). Hydrogen chloride 62 parts per million by dry volume 3-run average (For

Method 26, collect a minimum volume of 60 120 liters per run. For Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test (Method 26 or 26A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8).

Lead 0.04 milligrams per dry 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry Performance test (Method 29 at 40 CFR partPage 133 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method standard cubic meter standard cubic meter

per run) 60, appendix A8). Mercury 0.47 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (For

Method 29 and ASTM D6784-02(Reapproved 2008) b , collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run. For Method 30B, collect a minimum sample as specified in Method 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A) Performance test (Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8) or ASTM D6784- 02 (Reapproved 2008) b

.

Opacity 10 percent Three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6- minute averages opacity values Performance test (Method 9 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A4). Nitrogen Oxides 388 parts per million by dry volume 3-run average ( for

Method 7E, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Particulate matter 70 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test (Method 5 or 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 3 or A-8). Sulfur Dioxide 20 parts per million by dry volume 3-run average (For

Method 6, collect a minimum volume of 200 20 liters per run. For Method 6C, collect sample for a minimum duration of 1 hour per run) Performance test (Method 6 or 6C at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4).

a All emission limitations (except for opacity) are m easured atPage 134 of 322

7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. b Incorporated by reference, see §60.17. Table 2 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60—Operating Limits for Wet Scrubbers

For these operating parameters You must

establish these operating limits And monitoring using these minimum frequencies
Data measurement Data

recording Averaging time Charge rate Maximum

charge rate Continuous Every hour Daily (batch

units) 3-hour rolling (continuous and intermittent units) a Pressure drop across the wet scrubber or amperage to wet scrubber Minimum

pressure drop or amperage Continuous Every 15 minutes 3-hour rolling a

Scrubber liquor flow rate Minimum

flow rate Continuous Every 15 minutes 3-hour rolling a

Scrubber liquor pH Minimum pH Continuous Every 15 minutes 3-hour rolling a

a Calculated a Calculated each hour as the average of the previous 3 operating hours. Table 3 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60—Toxic Equivalenc y Factors

Dioxin/furan congener Toxic equivalency factor 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin 11,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzo-pdioxin 0.51,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-pdioxin 0.11,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzo-pdioxin 0.1 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p- 0.1Page 135 of 322

Dioxin/furan congener Toxic equivalency factor dioxin1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzo-pdioxin 0.01 octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin 0.001 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.5 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.05 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 2,3,4,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.01 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.01

octachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.001 Table 4 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60—Summary of Repor ting Requirements a Report Due date Contents Reference Preconstruction report Prior to commencing construction Statement of intent to construct Anticipated date of commencement of construction Documentation for siting requirements Waste management plan Anticipated date of initial startup §60.2190

Startup notification Prior to initial startup Type of waste to be burned §60.2195Page 136 of 322

Report Due date Contents Reference Maximum design waste burning capacity Anticipated maximum charge rate If applicable, the petition for site-specific operating limits Initial test report No later than 60 days following the initial performance test Complete test report for the initial performance test
• The values for the site-specific operating limits Installation of bag leak detection system for fabric filter §60.2200

Annual report No later than 12 months following the submission of the initial test report. Subsequent reports are to be submitted no more than 12 months following the previous report Name and address Statement and signature by responsible official Date of report Values for the operating limits Highest recorded 3- hour average and the lowest 3- hour average, as applicable, for each operating parameter recorded for the calendar year being reported If a performance test was conducted during the reporting period, the results of the test If a performance test was not §§60.2205 and 60.2210Page 137 of 322

Report Due date Contents Reference conducted during the reporting period, a statement that the requirements of §60.2155(a) or (b) were met Documentation of periods when all qualified CISWI unit operators were unavailable for more than 8 hours but less than 2 weeks If you are conducting performance tests once every 3 years consistent with §60.2155(a), the date of the last 2 performance tests, a comparison of the emission level you achieved in the last 2 performance tests to the 75 percent emission limit threshold required in § 60.2155(a) and a statement as to whether there have been any operational changes since the last performance test that could increase emissions. Emission limitation or operating limit By August 1 of that year for data collected Dates and times of deviation Averaged and §60.2215 and 60.2220Page 138 of 322

Report Due date Contents Reference deviation report during the first half of the calendar year. By February 1 of the following year for data collected during the second half of the calendar year recorded data for those dates Duration and causes of each de viation and the corrective actions taken Copy of operating limit monitoring data and any test reports Dates, times, and causes for monitor downtime incidents Qualified operator deviation notification Within 10 days of deviation Statement of cause of deviation Description of efforts to have an accessible qualified operator The date a qualified operator will be accessible §60.2225(a)(1)

Qualified operator deviation status report Every 4 weeks following deviation Description of efforts to have an accessible qualified operator The date a qualified operator will be accessible Request for approval to continue operation §60.2225(a)(2)

Qualified operator deviation notification of resumed operation Prior to resuming operation Notification that you are resuming operation §60.2225(b)

a This table is only a summary, see the referenced se ctions of the rule for the complete requirements.Page 139 of 322

Table 5 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60—Emission Limitat ions for Incinerators That Commenced Construction After June 4, 2010, Or That Commenced Reconstruction or Modification After [THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE F EDERAL REGISTER ]

For the air pollutant You must meet

this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining

compliance using this

method Cadmium 0.0023

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8 of this part). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Carbon monoxide 12 17 parts

per million by dry volume 30 day

rolling 3-run average (1 hour minimum sample time per run) Carbon monoxide CEMS

(Performance Specification 4A of this part, using a RA of 0.5 ppm instead of 5 ppm as specified in section 13.2. For the cylinder gas audit, +/

- 15% or 0.5 ppm, whichever is greater.) Use a span gas with a concentration of 20 ppm or less. Performance test (Method 10 at 40 CFRpart 60, appendix A4). Dioxin/furan (Total Mass Basis) 0. 052 58

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 23 at 40 CFRpart 60, appendix A7).

Dioxin/furan ( toxic equivalency basis Total Mass Basis ) 0.13

nano grams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic Performance test

(Method 23 at 40 CFRpart 60, appendix A7).Page 140 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet

this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining

compliance using this

method meters per run) Hydrogen chloride 0.091 parts

per million by dry volume 3-run average

(For Method 26, collect a minimum volume of 200 360 liters per run. For Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 3 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 26 or 26A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8).

Lead 0. 0019 015

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 29 of appendix A-8 at 40 CFR part 60). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Mercury 0. 00016 00084

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3-run average

(collect enough volume to meet a detection limit data quality objective of 0.03 ug/dry standard cubic meter) Performance test

(Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8) or ASTM D6784-02(Reapproved 2008) b

.

Nitrogen Oxides 23 parts per

million dry volume 3-run average

( for Method 7E, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test

(Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A -4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 50 ppm or less. Particulate matter (filterable) 18 milligrams

per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic Performance test

(Method 5 or 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A -3 or appendix A-8 at 40 CFR part 60).Page 141 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet

this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining

compliance using this

method meters per run) Sulfur dioxide 11 parts per

million dry volume 3-run average

(1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test

(Method 6 or 6C at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A -4. Use a span gas with a concentration of 20 ppm or less. Fugitive ash Visible

emissions for no more than 5 percent of the hourly observation period Three 1-hour

observation periods Visible emission test

(Method 22 at 40 CFRpart 60, appendix A7).

a All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, y ou must meet either the Total Mass Limit or the toxic equivalenc y basis limit. b Incorporated by reference, see §60.17. c If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate c ompliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for a t least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at o r below this limit, you can skip testing according to §60.2155 i f all of the other provision of §60.2155 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote “c”, your performanc e tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years mus t show that your emissions are at or 75 percent of this limit i n order to qualify for skip testing. Table 6 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60—Emission Limitat ions for Energy Recovery Units That Commenced Construction A fter June 4, 2010, Or That Commenced Reconstruction or Modificat ion After [THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL R ULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]

For the air pollutant You must meet this

emission limitation a Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas SolidsPage 142 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this

emission limitation a Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids Cadmium 0.023

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter Biomass -

0. 00051 0014 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Coal – 0.058 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter Carbon monoxide 36 35 parts

per million dry volume Biomass –

160 240 parts per million dry volume 30 day

rolling 3-run average (1 hour minimum sample time per run) Carbon Monoxide

CEMS (Performance Specification 4A of this part, using a RA of 0.5 ppm instead of 5 ppm as specified in 13.2. For the cylinder gas audit, +/

- 15% or 0.5 ppm, whichever is greater. Use a span gas with a concentration of 100 ppm or less for a liquid/gas or coal

- fed boiler. Use a span gas with a concentration of 300 ppm or less for a biomass

- fed boiler. Performan ce test (Method 10 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Coal – 46 95 parts per million dry volume

Dioxins/ furans (Total Mass Basis) No Total Mass

Basis limit, must meet the toxic equivalency basis limit Biomass -

0. 068 52 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test

(Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).Page 143 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this

emission limitation a Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids below Coal – 0.51

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter c Dioxins/ furans (toxic equivalency basis) 0. 002 093

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter meter c Biomass -

0. 011 076 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 23 of appendix A-7 of this part).

Coal - 0.075 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter c Hydrogen chloride 14 parts per

million dry volume Biomass -

0. 45 20 parts per million dry volume 3-run average

(For Method 26, collect a minimum volume of 200 360 liters per run. For Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 3 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 26 or 26A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Coal – 21 parts per million dry volume

Lead 0.096

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter Biomass -

0. 0020 014 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Coal -0.013 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter cPage 144 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this

emission limitation a Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids Mercury 0. 00025 000 91 5

6 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter c Biomass -

0. 00033 0022 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect enough volumeto meet an instack detection limit data quality objective of 0.03 ug/dscm) Performance test

(Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 8) or ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008)b. Coal - 0.00 28 16 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter Oxides of nitrogen 76 parts per

million dry volume Biomass – 290

parts per million dry volume 3-run average

( for Method 7E, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test

(Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part60, appendix A4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 150 ppm or less for liquid/gas fuel boilers. Use a span gas with a concentration of 700 ppm or less for solid fuel boilers. Coal – 340 parts per million dry volume

Particulate matter (filterable) 110

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 250 Biomass -

5.1 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test

(Method 5 or 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 3 or appendix A- 8) if the unit hasPage 145 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this

emission limitation a Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids

Coal - 16075 60 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter a design capacity an annual average heat input rate less than 250 MMBtu/hr; or PM CEMS (performance specification 11 of appendix B of this part) CPMS (as specified in §60.2145(x)) if the unit has a design capacity an annual average heat input rate equal to or greater than 250 MMBtu/hr. Use Method 5 or 5I of Appendix A of this part and collect a minimum sample volume of 1 dscm per test run for the PM CEMS correlation testing. Sulfur dioxide 720 parts per

million dry volume Biomass –

6.2 7.3 parts per million dry volume 3-run average

( for Method 6, collect a minimum of 60 liters, for Method 6C, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test

(Method 6 or 6C at 40 CFR part60, appendix A4 ). Use a span gas with a concentration of 20 ppm or less for a biomass

- fed boiler. Use a span gas with a concentration of 1500 ppm or less for a liquid/gas boiler or coal

fed boiler. . Coal – 650 parts per million dry volumePage 146 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this

emission limitation a Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids Fugitive ash Visible

emissions for no more than 5 percent of the hourly observation period Visible

emissions for no more than 5 percent of the hourly observation period Three 1-hour

observation periods Visible emission

test (Method 22 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A7).

a All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, y ou must meet either the Total Mass Basis limit or the toxic equi valency basis limit. b Incorporated by reference, see §60.17. c If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate c ompliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for a t least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at o r below this limit, you can skip testing according to §60.2155 i f all of the other provision of §60.2155 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote “c”, your performanc e tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years mus t show that your emissions are at or 75 percent of this limit i n order to qualify for skip testing.

Table 7 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60—Emission Limitat ions for Waste-burning Kilns That Commenced Construction Aft er June 4, 2010, or Reconstruction or Modification After [THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]

For the air pollutant You must meet

this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Cadmium 0. 00048 0014

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter b 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish.Page 147 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet

this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Carbon monoxide 90 (long kilns)

/ 190 (preheater / precalciner) parts per million dry volume 30

- day

rolling 3-run average (1 hour minimum sample time per run) Carbon monoxide

CEMS (Performance Specification 4A of this part, using an RA of 1 ppm instead of 5 ppm as specified in 13.2. For the cylinder gas audit, +/

- 15% or 0.5 ppm, whichever is greater). Use a span gas with a concentration of 200 ppm or less. Performance test (Method 10 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Dioxins/furans (total mass basis) 0. 029 51

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter meter b 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters per run) Performance test

(Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).

Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency basis) 0. 0030 075

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter meter b 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test

(Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).Page 148 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet

this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Hydrogen chloride 3.0 parts per

million dry volume volume b 3- run average

(1 hour minimum sample time per run) or 30-day rolling average if HCl CEMS are used Performance test

(Method 321 at 40 CFR part 63, appendix A) or HCl CEMS if a wet scrubber or dry scrubber is not used.

Lead 0. 0026 014

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter b 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 4 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test

(Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Mercury 0. 0062 0037

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 30-day

rolling average Mercury CEMS or

sorbent trap monitoring system (performance specification 12A or 12B, respectively, of appendix B of this part ). .) Oxides of nitrogen 200 b 200 parts

per million dry volume 30-day

rolling average NOx Continuous

Emissions Monitoring Syste CEMS m (performance specification 2 of appendix B and procedure 1 of appendix F of this part). Use a span gas with a concentration of 400 ppm or less.Page 149 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet

this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Particulate matter (filterable) 2. 5 2.7 2

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 30-day

rolling average PM Continuous

Emissions Monitoring System (performance specification 11 of appendix B of this part). PM CPMS (as specified in §60.2145(x)). Sulfur dioxide 38 130 28 parts

per million dry volume 30-day

rolling average Sulfur dioxide

Continuous Emissions Monitoring System CEMS (performance specification 2 of appendix B and procedure 1 of appendix F of this part). Use a span gas with a concentration of 100 ppm or less. a All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, y ou must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equi valency basis limit.

b Nox limits for new waste

- burning kilns based on data for best

performing similar source, Portland Cement kilns. S ee “CISWI Emission Limit Calculations for Existing and New Sources" fo r details. b If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate co mpliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for a t least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at o r below this limit, you can skip testing according to §60.2155 i f all of the other provision of §60.2155 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote “b”, your performanc e tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years mus t show that your emissions are at or 75 percent of this limit i n order to qualify for skip testing.Page 150 of 322

Table 8 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60—Emission Limitat ions for Small, Remote Incinerators That Commenced Construct ion After June 4, 2010, Or That Commenced Reconstruction or M odification After [ INSERT THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Cadmium 0.61

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test (Method 29 at 40 CFRpart 60, appendix A8).

Carbon monoxide 12 13 parts

per million dry volume 24 hour block 3-

run average (1 hour minimum sample time per run) Carbon monoxide CEMS (Performance Specification 4A of this part, using a RA of 0.5 ppm instead of 5 ppm as specified in 13.2. For the cylinder gas audit, +/

- 15% or 0.5 ppm, whichever is greater.) Use a span gas with a concentration of 25 ppm or less. Performance test (Method 10 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Dioxins/furans (total mass basis) 1, 2 8 00

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter b 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test (Method 23 at 40 CFRpart 60, appendix A7).Page 151 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency basis) 31 nanograms

per dry standard cubic meter b 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test (Method 23 at 40 CFRpart 60, appendix A7).

Fugitive ash Visible

emissions for no more than 5 percent of the hourly observation period Three 1-hour

observation periods Visible emissions test (Method 22 at 40 CFRpart 60, appendix A7).

Hydrogen chloride 200 parts

per million by dry volume 3-run average

(For Method 26, collect a minimum volume of 60 liters per run. For Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meters meter per run) Performance test (Method 26 or 26A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8).

Lead 0.26

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meters ) Performance test (Method 29 at 40 CFRpart 60,appendix A8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish.Page 152 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Mercury 0.0035

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(For Method 29 and ASTM D6784- 02 (Reapproved 2008) b , collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters per run. For Method 30B, collect a minimum volume as specified in Method 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A) Performance test (Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8) or ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) b

.

Oxides of nitrogen 170 78 parts

per million dry volume 3-run average

( for Method 7E, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 150 ppm or less. Particulate matter (filterable) 2 3 7 0

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter) Performance test (Method 5 or 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 or appendix A-8).

Sulfur dioxide 1.2 parts

per million dry volume 3- run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 6 or 6c at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 )
. Use a span gas with a concentration of 5 ppm or less.Page 153 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Fugitive ash Visible

emissions for no more than 5 percent of the hourly observation period Three 1-hour

observation periods Visible emission

test (Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).

a All emission limitations (except for opacity) are m easured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit. b Incorporated by reference, see §60.17. Subpart DDDD—Emissions Guidelines and Compliance Ti mes for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units Introduction § 60.2500 What is the purpose of this subpart? This subpart establishes emission guidelines and co mpliance schedules for the control of emissions from commerc ial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) units. The pollutants addressed by these emission guidelines a re listed in table 2 of this subpart and tables 6 through 9 of t his subpart. These emission guidelines are developed in accordan ce with sections 111(d) and 129 of the Clean Air Act and su bpart B of this part. § 60.2505 Am I affected by this subpart? (a) If you are the Administrator of an air quality program in a state or United States protectorate with one o r morePage 154 of 322

existing CISWI units that meets meet the criteria in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section, you must submit a state plan to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that imp lements the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. (b) You must submit the state plan to EPA by Decemb er 3, 2001 for incinerator units that commenced construct ion on or before November 30, 1999 and that were not modified or reconstructed after June 1, 2001. (c) You must submit a state plan that meets the requirements of this subpart and contains the more stringent emission limit for the respective pollutant in tabl e 6 of this subpart or table 1 of subpart CCCC of this part to EPA by March 21, 2012 [TRACK THE DATE 1 YEAR AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FIN AL
RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ] for incinerators that commenced construction after November 30, 1999, but no later than June 4, 2010, or commenced modification or reconstruction a fter June 1, 2001 but no later than September 21, 2011
. [INSERT THE DATE 6
MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL
REGISTER ]. (d) You must submit a state plan to EPA that meets the requirements of this subpart and contains the emiss ion limits in tables 7 through 9 of this subpart by March 21, 2012 [INSERT THE DATE 1 YEAR AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL
REGISTER ] for CISWI units other than incinerator units thatPage 155 of 322

commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010 , or commenced modification or reconstruction after June 4, 2010 b ut no later than [INSERT THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL
RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]
. § 60.2510 Is a State plan required for all states? No. You are not required to submit a State plan if there are no existing CISWI units in your state, and you submit a negative declaration letter in place of the State p lan. § 60.2515 What must I include in my State plan? (a) You must include the nine items described in pa ragraphs (a)(1) through (9) of this section in your State pl an. (1) Inventory of affected CISWI units, including th ose that have ceased operation but have not been dismantled. (2) Inventory of emissions from affected CISWI unit s in your state. (3) Compliance schedules for each affected CISWI un it. (4) Emission limitations, operator training and qualification requirements, a waste management plan , and operating limits for affected CISWI units that are at least as protective as the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. (5) Performance testing, recordkeeping, and reporti ng requirements. (6) Certification that the hearing on the State pla n was held, a list of witnesses and their organizational affiliations,Page 156 of 322

if any, appearing at the hearing, and a brief writt en summary of each presentation or written submission. (7) Provision for State progress reports to EPA. (8) Identification of enforceable State mechanisms that you selected for implementing the emission guidelines o f this subpart. (9) Demonstration of your State's legal authority t o carry out the sections 111(d) and 129 State plan. (b) Your State plan may deviate from the format and content of the emission guidelines contained in this subpar t. However, if your State plan does deviate in content, you mus t demonstrate that your State plan is at least as protective as t he emission guidelines contained in this subpart. Your State pl an must address regulatory applicability, increments of pro gress for retrofit, operator training and qualification, a wa ste management plan, emission limitations, performance testing, operating limits, monitoring, recordkeeping and rep orting, and air curtain incinerator requirements. (c) You must follow the requirements of subpart B o f this part (Adoption and Submittal of State Plans for Des ignated Facilities) in your State plan. § 60.2520 Is there an approval process for my State plan? Yes. The EPA will review your state plan according to §60.27.Page 157 of 322

§ 60.2525 What if my sS tate plan is not approvable? (a) If you do not submit an approvable state plan ( or a negative declaration letter) by December 2, 2002, E PA will develop a federal plan according to §60.27 to imple ment the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. Owne rs and operators of CISWI units not covered by an approved state plan must comply with the federal plan. The federal plan is an interim action and will be automatically withdrawn when your state plan is approved. (b) If you do not submit an approvable state plan ( or a negative declaration letter) to EPA that meets the requirements of this subpart and contains the emission limits in tables 6 through 9 of this subpart for CISWI units that comm enced construction after November 30, 1999, but on or before June 4, 2010, then EPA will develop a federal plan accordin g to §60.27 to implement the emission guidelines contained in t his subpart. Owners and operators of CISWI units not covered by an approved state plan must comply with the federal plan. The f ederal plan is an interim action and will be automatically with drawn when your state plan is approved. § 60.2530 Is there an approval process for a negati ve declaration letter? No. The EPA has no formal review process for negati ve declaration letters. Once your negative declaration letter hasPage 158 of 322

been received, EPA will place a copy in the public docket and publish a notice in the FEDERAL REGISTER. If, at a later date, an existing CISWI unit is found in your state, the federal plan implementing the emission guidelines contained in t his subpart would automatically apply to that CISWI unit until your state plan is approved. § 60.2535 What compliance schedule must I include i n my sS tate plan? (a) For CISWI units in the incinerator subcategory that commenced construction on or before November 30, 19 99, your state plan must include compliance schedules that r equire CISWI units to achieve final compliance as expeditiously as practicable after approval of the state plan but no t later than the earlier of the two dates specified in paragraph s (a)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) December 1, 2005. (2) Three years after the effective date of state p lan approval. (b) For CISWI units in the incinerator subcategory that commenced construction after November 30, 1999, but on or before June 4, 2010, and for CISWI units in the small remote incinerator, energy recovery units, unit, and waste-burning kilns, and small remote incinerators kiln subcategories that commenced construction before June 4, 2010, your st ate plan mustPage 159 of 322

include compliance schedules that require CISWI uni ts to achieve final compliance as expeditiously as practicable af ter approval of the state plan but not later than the earlier of the two dates specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section. (1) Marc h 21, 2016. (1) [INSERT THE DATE 5 YEARS AFTER PUBLICATION OF T HE FINAL
RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]. (2) 3 years after the effective date of state plan approval. (c) For compliance schedules more than 1 year follo wing the effective date of state plan approval, state plans must include dates for enforceable increments of progress as spe cified in §60.2580. § 60.2540 Are there any state plan requirements for this subpart that apply instead of the requirements specified in subpart B? Yes. Subpart B establishes general requirements for developing and processing section 111(d) plans. Thi s subpart applies instead of the requirements in subpart B of this part for paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section: (a) State plans developed to implement this subpart must be as protective as the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. State plans must require all CISWI units t o comply by the dates specified in §60.2535. This applies inste ad of thePage 160 of 322

option for case-by-case less stringent emission sta ndards and longer compliance schedules in §60.24(f). (b) State plans developed to implement this subpart are required to include two increments of progress for the affected CISWI units. These two minimum increments are the f inal control plan submittal date and final compliance date in §6 0.21(h)(1) and (5). This applies instead of the requirement of §60.24(e)(1) that would require a State plan to include all five increments of progress for all CISWI units. § 60.2541 In lieu of a state plan submittal, are th ere other acceptable option(s) for a state to meet its Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129(b)(2) obligations? Yes, a state may meet its Clean Air Act section 111 (d)/129 obligations by submitting an acceptable written req uest for delegation of the federal plan that meets the requi rements of this section. This is the only other option for a s tate to meet its Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129 obligations. (a) An acceptable federal plan delegation request m ust include the following: (1) A demonstration of adequate resources and legal authority to administer and enforce the federal pla n. (2) The items under §60.2515(a)(1), (2) and (7). (3) Certification that the hearing on the state del egation request, similar to the hearing for a state plan su bmittal, wasPage 161 of 322

held, a list of witnesses and their organizational affiliations, if any, appearing at the hearing, and a brief writt en summary of each presentation or written submission. (4) A commitment to enter into a Memorandum of Agre ement with the Regional Administrator who sets forth the terms, conditions, and effective date of the delegation an d that serves as the mechanism for the transfer of authority. Add itional guidance and information is given in EPA’s Delegati on Manual, Item 7-139, Implementation and Enforcement of 111(d )(2) and 111(d)/(2)/129(b)(3) federal plans. (b) A state with an already approved CISWI Clean Ai r Act section 111(d)/129 state plan is not precluded from receiving EPA approval of a delegation request for the revise d federal plan, providing the requirements of paragraph (a) o f this section are met, and at the time of the delegation request, the state also requests withdrawal of EPA’s previous st ate plan approval. (c) A state’s Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129 obli gations are separate from its obligations under Title V of the Clean Air

Act. § 60.2542 What authorities will not be delegated to state, local, or tribal agencies? The authorities listed under §60.2030(c) will not b e delegated to state, local, or tribal agencies.Page 162 of 322

§ 60.2545 Does this subpart directly affect CISWI u nit owners and operators in my state? (a) No. This subpart does not directly affect CISWI unit owners and operators in your state. However, CISWI unit owners and operators must comply with the State plan you d evelop to implement the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. States may choose to incorporate the model rule tex t directly in their state plan. (b) If you do not submit an approvable plan to impl ement and enforce the guidelines contained in this subpar t for CISWI units that commenced construction before November 3 0, 1999 by December 2, 2002, EPA will implement and enforce a
Federal federal plan, as provided in §60.2525, to ensure that each unit within your State state reaches compliance with all the provisions of this subpart by December 1, 2005. (c) If you do not submit an approvable plan to impl ement and enforce the guidelines contained in this subpar t by March 21, 2012 [INSERT THE DATE 1 YEAR AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FI NAL
RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ] for CISWI units that commenced construction after November 29, 1999, but on or before June 4, 2010, EPA will implement and enforce a federal plan , as provided in §60.2525, to ensure that each unit within your s tate that commenced construction after November 29, 1999, but on or before June 4, 2010, reaches compliance with all the provi sions of thisPage 163 of 322

subpart by March 21, 2016
. [INSERT THE DATE 5 YEARS AFTER
PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]. Applicability of State Plans § 60.2550 What CISWI units must I address in my sta te plan? (a) Your state plan must address incineration units that meet all three criteria described in paragraphs (a) (1) through (3) of this section. (1) Incineration CISWI units in your State state that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010 , or commenced modification or reconstruction after June 4, 2010 b ut no later than [INSERT THE DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]
. (2) Incineration units that meet the definition of a CISWI unit as defined in §60.2875. (3) Incineration units not exempt under §60.2555. (b) If the owner or operator of a CISWI unit makes changes that meet the definition of modification or reconst ruction on or after June 1, 2001, the CISWI unit becomes subject to subpart CCCC of this part and the State plan no longer appl ies to that unit. (c) If the owner or operator of a CISWI unit makes physical or operational changes to an existing CISWI unit pr imarily to comply with your State plan, subpart CCCC of this p art does notPage 164 of 322

apply to that unit. Such changes do not qualify as modifications or reconstructions under subpart CCCC of this part. § 60.2555 What combustion units are exempt from my sS tate plan? This subpart exempts the types of units described i n paragraphs (a), (c) through (i), (m) and (n) of thi s section, but some units are required to provide notification s. Air curtain incinerators are exempt from the requiremen ts in this subpart except for the provisions in §§60.2805, 60. 2860, and 60.2870. (a) Pathological waste incineration units . Incineration units burning 90 percent or more by weight (on a ca lendar quarter basis and excluding the weight of auxiliary fuel and combustion air) of pathological waste, low-level ra dioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste as defined in §60.2875 are not subject to this subpart if you meet the two req uirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this sect ion. (1) Notify the Administrator that the unit meets th ese criteria. (2) Keep records on a calendar quarter basis of the weight of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste burned, and the weight of al l other fuels and wastes burned in the unit. (b) [Reserved]Page 165 of 322

(c) Municipal waste combustion units . Incineration units
that are regulated under subject to subpart Ea of this part (Standards of Performance for Municipal Waste Combu stors); subpart Eb of this part (Standards of Performance f or Large Municipal Waste Combustors); subpart Cb of this par t (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Time for Large Municipal Combustors);

s ubpart AAAA of this part (Standards of Performance for Sma ll Municipal Waste Combustion Units); or subpart BBBB of this part (Emission Guidelines for Small Municipal Waste Comb ustion Units). (d) Medical waste incineration units . Incineration units regulated under subpart Ec of this part (Standards of Performance for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste I ncinerators for Which Construction is Commenced After June 20, 1996) or subpart Ca of this part (Emission Guidelines and Co mpliance Times for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Inciner ators). (e) Small power production facilities . Units that meet the three requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(1) t hrough (3) of this section. (1) The unit qualifies as a small power-production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)). (2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refusederived fuel) to produce electricity.Page 166 of 322

(3) You submit a request to the Administrator for a determination that the qualifying cogeneration small power production facility is combusting homogenous waste as that term is defined in §60.2875
. The request must include information sufficient to document that the unit meets the crit eria of the definition of a small power production facility and that the

waste mate rial the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneous. (4) You maintain the records specified in §60.2740( v). (f) Cogeneration facilities . Units that meet the three requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) The unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility u nder section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C
. 796(18)(B)). (2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refusederived fuel) to produce electricity and steam or o ther forms of energy used for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling

purposes. (3) You submit a request to the Administrator for a determination that the qualifying cogeneration faci lity is combusting homogenous waste as that term is defined §60.2875.
. The request must include information suf ficient to document that the unit meets the criteria of the definition of a cogenerationPage 167 of 322

facility and that the waste material the unit is pr oposed to burn is homogeneous. (4) You maintain the records specified in §60.2740( w). (g) Hazardous waste combustion units . Units for which you are required to get a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. (h) Materials recovery units . Units that combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals, such as p rimary and secondary smelters. (i) Air curtain incinerators . Air curtain incinerators that burn only the materials listed in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) of this section are only required to meet the requi rements under “Air Curtain Incinerators” (§§60.2810 through 60.28 70). (1) 100 percent wood waste. (2) 100 percent clean lumber. (3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean l umber, and/or yard waste. (j) [Reserved] (k) [Reserved] (l) [Reserved] (m) Sewage treatment plants . Incineration units regulated under subpart O of this part (Standards of Performa nce for Sewage Treatment Plants).Page 168 of 322

(n) Sewage sludge incineration units . Incineration units combusting sewage sludge for the purpose of reducin g the volume of the sewage sludge by removing combustible matter that are subject to subpart LLLL of this part (Standards of Performance for Sewage Sludge Incineration Units) or subpart MM MM of this part (Emission Guidelines for Sewage Sludge Inciner ation Units). Sewage sludge incineration unit designs include flu idized bed and multiple hearth. (o) Other solid waste incineration units. Incinerat ion units that are subject to subpart EEEE of this part (Standards of Performance for Other Solid Waste Incineration U nits) or subpart FFFF of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Other Solid Waste Incineration Units).

Use of Model Rule § 60.2560 What is the “model rule” in this subpart? (a) The model rule is the portion of these emission guidelines (§§60.2575 through 60.2875) that address es the regulatory requirements applicable to CISWI units. The model rule provides these requirements in regulation form at. You must develop a State plan that is at least as protective as the model rule. You may use the model rule language as part o f your State plan. Alternative language may be used in your Stat e plan if you demonstrate that the alternative language is at lea st as protective as the model rule contained in this subp art.Page 169 of 322

(b) In the model rule of §§60.2575 to 60.2875, “you ” means the owner or operator of a CISWI unit. § 60.2565 How does the model rule relate to the req uired elements of my State plan? Use the model rule to satisfy the State plan requir ements specified in §60.2515(a)(4) and (5). § 60.2570 What are the principal components of the model rule? The model rule contains the eleven major components listed in paragraphs (a) through (k) of this section. (a) Increments of progress toward compliance. (b) Waste management plan. (c) Operator training and qualification. (d) Emission limitations and operating limits. (e) Performance testing. (f) Initial compliance requirements. (g) Continuous compliance requirements. (h) Monitoring. (i) Recordkeeping and reporting. (j) Definitions. (k) Tables. Model Rule—Increments of Progress § 60.2575 What are my requirements for meeting incr ements of progress and achieving final compliance?Page 170 of 322

If you plan to achieve compliance more than 1 year following the effective date of State plan approval , you must meet the two increments of progress specified in pa ragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Submit a final control plan. (b) Achieve final compliance. § 60.2580 When must I complete each increment of pr ogress? Table 1 of this subpart specifies compliance dates for each of the increments of progress. § 60.2585 What must I include in the notifications of achievement of increments of progress? Your notification of achievement of increments of p rogress must include the three items specified in paragraph s (a) through (c) of this section. (a) Notification that the increment of progress has been achieved. (b) Any items required to be submitted with each in crement of progress. (c) Signature of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit. § 60.2590 When must I submit the notifications of a chievement of increments of progress? Notifications for achieving increments of progress must be postmarked no later than 10 business days after the compliance date for the increment.Page 171 of 322

§ 60.2595 What if I do not meet an increment of pro gress? If you fail to meet an increment of progress, you m ust submit a notification to the Administrator postmark ed within 10 business days after the date for that increment of progress in table 1 of this subpart. You must inform the Admini strator that you did not meet the increment, and you must contin ue to submit reports each subsequent calendar month until the in crement of progress is met. § 60.2600 How do I comply with the increment of pro gress for submittal of a control plan? For your control plan increment of progress, you mu st satisfy the two requirements specified in paragraph s (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Submit the final control plan that includes the five items described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section. (1) A description of the devices for air pollution control and process changes that you will use to comply wit h the emission limitations and other requirements of this subpart. (2) The type(s) of waste to be burned. (3) The maximum design waste burning capacity. (4) The anticipated maximum charge rate. (5) If applicable, the petition for site-specific o perating limits under §60.2680.Page 172 of 322

(b) Maintain an onsite copy of the final control pl an. § 60.2605 How do I comply with the increment of pro gress for achieving final compliance? For the final compliance increment of progress, you must complete all process changes and retrofit construct ion of control devices, as specified in the final control plan, so that, if the affected CISWI unit is brought online, all necessary process changes and air pollution control devices would operate as designed. § 60.2610 What must I do if I close my CISWI unit a nd then restart it? (a) If you close your CISWI unit but will restart i t prior to the final compliance date in your State plan, yo u must meet the increments of progress specified in §60.2575. (b) If you close your CISWI unit but will restart i t after your final compliance date, you must complete emiss ion control retrofits and meet the emission limitations and ope rating limits on the date your unit restarts operation. § 60.2615 What must I do if I plan to permanently c lose my CISWI unit and not restart it? If you plan to close your CISWI unit rather than co mply with the State plan, submit a closure notification, including the date of closure, to the Administrator by the da te your final control plan is due.Page 173 of 322

Model Rule—Waste Management Plan § 60.2620 What is a waste management plan? A waste management plan is a written plan that iden tifies both the feasibility and the methods used to reduce or separate certain components of solid waste from the waste st ream in order to reduce or eliminate toxic emissions from inciner ated waste. § 60.2625 When must I submit my waste management pl an? You must submit a waste management plan no later th an the date specified in table 1 of this subpart for submi ttal of the final control plan. § 60.2630 What should I include in my waste managem ent plan? A waste management plan must include consideration of the reduction or separation of waste-stream elements su ch as paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, batteries, or metals; o r the use of recyclable materials. The plan must identify any ad ditional waste management measures, and the source must impl ement those measures considered practical and feasible, based o n the effectiveness of waste management measures already in place, the costs of additional measures, the emissions reducti ons expected to be achieved, and any other environmental or ener gy impacts they might have. Model Rule—Operator Training and Qualification § 60.2635 What are the operator training and qualif ication requirements?Page 174 of 322

(a) No CISWI unit can be operated unless a fully tr ained and qualified CISWI unit operator is accessible, ei ther at the facility or can be at the facility within 1 hour. T he trained and qualified CISWI unit operator may operate the C ISWI unit directly or be the direct supervisor of one or more other plant personnel who operate the unit. If all qualified CI SWI unit operators are temporarily not accessible, you must follow the procedures in §60.2665. (b) Operator training and qualification must be obt ained through a state-approved program or by completing t he requirements included in paragraph (c) of this sect ion. (c) Training must be obtained by completing an inci nerator operator training course that includes, at a minimu m, the three elements described in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) Training on the eleven subjects listed in parag raphs (c)(1)(i) through (xi) of this section. (i) Environmental concerns, including types of emis sions. (ii) Basic combustion principles, including product s of combustion. (iii) Operation of the specific type of incinerator to be used by the operator, including proper startup, was te charging, and shutdown procedures. (iv) Combustion controls and monitoring.Page 175 of 322

(v) Operation of air pollution control equipment an d factors affecting performance (if applicable). (vi) Inspection and maintenance of the incinerator and air pollution control devices. (vii) Actions to prevent and correct malfunctions o r to prevent conditions that may lead to malfunctions. (viii) Bottom and fly ash characteristics and handl ing procedures. (ix) Applicable Federal, State, and local regulatio ns, including Occupational Safety and Health Administra tion workplace standards. (x) Pollution prevention. (xi) Waste management practices. (2) An examination designed and administered by the instructor. (3) Written material covering the training course t opics that can serve as reference material following comp letion of the

course. § 60.2640 When must the operator training course be completed? The operator training course must be completed by t he later of the three dates specified in paragraphs (a) thro ugh (c) of this section. (a) The final compliance date (Increment 2). (b) Six months after CISWI unit startup.Page 176 of 322

(c) Six months after an employee assumes responsibi lity for operating the CISWI unit or assumes responsibility for supervising the operation of the CISWI unit. § 60.2645 How do I obtain my operator qualification ? (a) You must obtain operator qualification by compl eting a training course that satisfies the criteria under § 60.2635(b). (b) Qualification is valid from the date on which t he training course is completed and the operator succe ssfully passes the examination required under §60.2635(c)(2 ). § 60.2650 How do I maintain my operator qualificati on? To maintain qualification, you must complete an ann ual review or refresher course covering, at a minimum, the five topics described in paragraphs (a) through (e) of t his section. (a) Update of regulations. (b) Incinerator operation, including startup and sh utdown procedures, waste charging, and ash handling. (c) Inspection and maintenance. (d) Prevention and correction of malfunctions or co nditions that may lead to malfunction. (e) Discussion of operating problems encountered by
attendees. § 60.2655 How do I renew my lapsed operator qualifi cation?Page 177 of 322

You must renew a lapsed operator qualification by o ne of the two methods specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) For a lapse of less than 3 years, you must comp lete a standard annual refresher course described in §60.2 650. (b) For a lapse of 3 years or more, you must repeat the initial qualification requirements in §60.2645(a). § 60.2660 What site-specific documentation is requi red? (a) Documentation must be available at the facility and readily accessible for all CISWI unit operators tha t addresses the ten topics described in paragraphs (a)(1) throu gh (10) of this section. You must maintain this information an d the training records required by paragraph (c) of this section in a manner that they can be readily accessed and are su itable for inspection upon request. (1) Summary of the applicable standards under this subpart. (2) Procedures for receiving, handling, and chargin g waste. (3) Incinerator startup, shutdown, and malfunction procedures. (4) Procedures for maintaining proper combustion ai r supply
levels. (5) Procedures for operating the incinerator and as sociated air pollution control systems within the standards established under this subpart.Page 178 of 322

(6) Monitoring procedures for demonstrating complia nce with the incinerator operating limits. (7) Reporting and recordkeeping procedures. (8) The waste management plan required under §§60.2 620 through 60.2630. (9) Procedures for handling ash. (10) A list of the wastes burned during the perform ance
test. (b) You must establish a program for reviewing the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section with each incinerator operator. (1) The initial review of the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted by the later of the three dates specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) t hrough (iii) of this section. (i) The final compliance date (Increment 2). (ii) Six months after CISWI unit startup. (iii) Six months after being assigned to operate th e CISWI unit. (2) Subsequent annual reviews of the information li sted in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted no later than 12 months following the previous review. (c) You must also maintain the information specifie d in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section.Page 179 of 322

(1) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operato rs who have completed review of the information in §60.266 0(a) as required by §60.2660(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews. (2) Records showing the names of the CISWI operator s who have completed the operator training requirements u nder §60.2635, met the criteria for qualification under §60.2645, and maintained or renewed their qualification under §60 .2650 or §60.2655. Records must include documentation of tra ining, the dates of the initial refresher training, and the da tes of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications. (3) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or p ager number at which they can be reached during operatin g hours. § 60.2665 What if all the qualified operators are t emporarily not accessible? If all qualified operators are temporarily not acce ssible (i.e., not at the facility and not able to be at th e facility within 1 hour), you must meet one of the two criter ia specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, dependin g on the length of time that a qualified operator is not acc essible. (a) When all qualified operators are not accessible for more than 8 hours, but less than 2 weeks, the CISWI unit may be operated by other plant personnel familiar with the operation ofPage 180 of 322

the CISWI unit who have completed a review of the i nformation specified in §60.2660(a) within the past 12 months. However, you must record the period when all qualified operators were not accessible and include this deviation in the annual report as specified under §60.2770. (b) When all qualified operators are not accessible for 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions that a re described in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Notify the Administrator of this deviation in w riting within 10 days. In the notice, state what caused th is deviation, what you are doing to ensure that a qualified opera tor is accessible, and when you anticipate that a qualifie d operator will be accessible. (2) Submit a status report to the Administrator eve ry 4 weeks outlining what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, stating when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible and requestin g approval from the Administrator to continue operation of the CISWI unit. You must submit the first status report 4 weeks aft er you notify the Administrator of the deviation under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. If the Administrator notifies you tha t your request to continue operation of the CISWI unit is disapproved, the CISWI unit may continue operation for 90 days, then must cease operation. Operation of the unit may resume i f you meetPage 181 of 322

the two requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (i i) of this section. (i) A qualified operator is accessible as required under §60.2635(a). (ii) You notify the Administrator that a qualified operator is accessible and that you are resuming operation. Model Rule—Emission Limitations and Operating Limit s § 60.2670 What emission limitations must I meet and by when? (a) You must meet the emission limitations for each CISWI unit, including bypass stack or vent, specified in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart by the final compliance date under the approved state plan, fede ral plan, or delegation, as applicable. The emission limitations apply at all times the unit is operating including and not limit ed to startup, shutdown, or malfunction. (b) Units that do not use wet scrubbers must mainta in opacity to less than or equal to the percent opacit y (three 1- hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opac ity values) specified in table 2 of this subpart, as applicable
. § 60.2675 What operating limits must I meet and by when? (a) If you use a wet scrubber(s) to comply with the emission limitations, you must establish operating limits for up to four operating parameters (as specified in table 3 of thisPage 182 of 322

subpart) as described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section during the initial performance test. (1) Maximum charge rate, calculated using one of th e two different procedures in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii) , as appropriate. (i) For continuous and intermittent units, maximum charge rate is 110 percent of the average charge rate meas ured during the most recent performance test demonstrating comp liance with all applicable emission limitations. (ii) For batch units, maximum charge rate is 110 pe rcent of the daily charge rate measured during the most rece nt performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations. (2) Minimum pressure drop across the wet particulat e matter scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average pressure drop across the wet scrubber measured duri ng the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance wi th the particulate matter emission limitations; or minimum amperage to the fan for the wet scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average amperage to the wet scrubber measure d during the most recent performance test demonstrating complian ce with the particulate matter emission limitations. (3) Minimum scrubber liquid flow rate, which is cal culated as the lowest 1-hour average liquid flow rate at th e inlet toPage 183 of 322

the wet acid gas or particulate matter scrubber mea sured during the most recent performance test demonstrating comp liance with all applicable emission limitations. (4) Minimum scrubber liquor pH, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average liquor pH at the inlet to the wet acid gas scrubber measured during the most recent performanc e test demonstrating compliance with the HCl emission limi tation. (b) You must meet the operating limits established during the initial performance test on the date the initia l performance test is required or completed (whichever is earlier ). You must conduct an initial performance evaluation of each c ontinuous monitoring system and continuous parameter monitori ng system within 60 days of installation of the monitoring sy stem. (c) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the e mission limitations, you must operate each fabric filter sy stem such that the bag leak detection system alarm does not s ound more than 5 percent of the operating time during a 6-mon th period. In calculating this operating time percentage, if insp ection of the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective actio n is required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective a ction is required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If you take longer than 1 hour to initiate corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual amount of time taken by you to initiate corrective action.Page 184 of 322

(d) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to com ply with the emission limitations, you must measure the (sec ondary) voltage and amperage of the electrostatic precipita tor collection plates during the particulate matter per formance test. Calculate the average electric power value (s econdary voltage x secondary current = secondary electric po wer) for each test run. The operating limit for the electrostatic precipitator is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average secondar y electric power measured during the most recent performance t est demonstrating compliance with the particulate matte r emission limitations. (e) If you use activated carbon sorbent injection t o comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the sorbent flow rate during the performance testing. The operating limit for the carbon sorbent injection is calculated as the lowes t 1-hour average sorbent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the mercury emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, multiply your sorbent inje ction rate by the load fraction, as defined in this subpart, to d etermine the required injection rate (e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5) (f) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the charge rate,Page 185 of 322

the secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to your CISWI unit), and the reagent flow rate during the nitroge n oxides performance testing. The operating limits for the s elective noncatalytic reduction are calculated as the lowest highest 1- hour average charge rate, lowest secondary chamber temperature, and lowest reagent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limitations. (g (g) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the em ission limitations, you must measure the injection rate of each sorbent during the performance testing. The operating limit for the injection rate of each sorbent is calculated as the lowest 1- hour average injection rate ofr each sorbent measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating complian ce with the hydrogen chloride emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, mult iply your sorbent injection rate by the load fraction, as def ined in this subpart, to determine the required injection rate ( e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5). (h ) If you do not use a wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, or fabric filter to comply with the e mission limitations, and if you do not determine compliance with your particulate matter emission limitation with a parti culate matterPage 186 of 322

continuous emissions monitoring system CEMS , you must maintain opacity to less than or equal to ten percent opacit y (1-hour block average). § (i) If you use a PM CPMS to demonstrate compliance, you must establish your PM CPMS operating limit and det ermine compliance with it according to paragraphs (i)(1) t hrough (i)(3 5) of this section. (1) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compl iance with the PM limit, record all hourly average output valu es (e.g., milliamps, stack concentration, or other raw data s ignal) from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the te st runs (e.g., three 1-hour average PM CPMS output values f or three 1- hour test runs).

a. Your PM CPMS must provide a 4-20 milliamp output an d the establishment of its relationship to manual referen ce method measurements must be determined in units of milliamps.
b. Your PM CPMS operating range must be capable of rea ding PM concentrations from zero to a level equivalent t o at least two times your allowable emission limit. If your PM CPMS is an auto-ranging instrument capable of mu ltiple scales, the primary range of the instrument must be Formatted: Font: Courier NewPage 187 of 322 capable of reading PM concentration from zero to a level equivalent to two times your allowable emission lim it.

c. During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compl iance with the PM limit, record and average all milliamp output values from the PM CPMS for the periods correspondi ng to the compliance test runs (e.g., average all your PM CPMS output values for three corresponding 2-hour Method 5I test runs). (2) If the average of your three PM performance te st runs are below 75% of your PM emission limit, you must c alculate an operating limit by establishing a relationship of P M CPMS signal to PM concentration using the PM CPMS instrument ze ro, the average PM CPMS values corresponding to the three c ompliance test runs, and the average PM concentration from th e Method 5 or performance test with the procedures in (i)(1)throu gh (i)(5)of this section.

a. Determine your instrument zero output with one of t he following procedures:

(i) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and monitoring ambient air on a test bench. Formatted: Font: Courier New

Formatted: Font: Courier NewPage 188 of 322

(ii) Zero point data for extractive instruments should be obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and drawing in clean ambient air. (iii) The zero point can also can be established obtained by performing manual reference method measurements when the flue gas is free of PM emissions or contains very low PM concentrations ( e.g., when your process is not operating, but the fans are operating or your source is combusting only natural gas) and plotting these with the compliance data to find the zero intercept. (iv) If none of the steps in paragraphs (i)(a) through (d) of this section are possible, you must use a zero output value provided by the manufacturer.

b. Determine your PM CPMS instrument average in millia mps, and the average of your corresponding three PM comp liance test runs, using equation 5.

      

	 , 

   

	 (Eq. 5) Where: Formatted: Font: Courier New

Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier NewPage 189 of 322

X 1 = the PM CPMS data points for the three runs constituting the performance test,

Y 1 = the PM concentration value for the three runs constituting the performance test, and n = the number of data points.

c. With your instrument zero expressed in milliamps, y our three run average PM CPMS milliamp value, and your three run average PM concentration from your three compli ance tests, determine a relationship of lb/Mmbtu per mil liamp with equation 6.


## ( ) z X Y

− = 1 1 

### R (Eq. 6)
Where: R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp for your PM CPMS,

Y 1 = the three run average mg/dscm PM concentration,

X 1 = the three run average milliamp output from you P M CPMS, and z = the milliamp equivalent of your instrument zero determined from (2)(a).
d. Determine your source specific 30-day rolling avera ge operating limit using the mg/dscm per milliamp valu e from Formatted: Font: Courier New

Field Code Changed

Formatted: Font: 12 pt

Formatted: Font: Courier NewPage 190 of 322 Equation 6 in equation 7, below. This sets your operating limit at the PM CPMS output value corresp onding to 75% of your emission limit.

   0.75

 (Eq. 7) Where:
O l = the operating limit for your PM CPMS on a 30-day rolling average, in milliamps. L = your source emission limit expressed in lb/Mmbt u, z = your instrument zero in milliamps, determined f rom (2)(a), and R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp for your PM CPMS, from Equation 3.

(3) If the average of your three PM compliance test runs is at or above 75% of your PM emission limit you must determine your operating limit by averaging the PM CPMS milli amp output corresponding to your three PM performance test run s that demonstrate compliance with the emission limit usin g equation 8 and you must submit all compliance test and PM CPMS data according to the reporting requirements in section (5) below. Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: 12 ptPage 191 of 322

      

	 (Eq. 8) Where:

X 1 = the PM CPMS data points for all runs i, n = the number of data points, and

O h = your site specific operating limit, in milliamps
.

(4) To determine continuous compliance, you must re cord the PM CPMS output data for all periods when the proces s is operating and the PM CPMS is not out-of-control. Yo u must demonstrate continuous compliance by using all qual ity-assured hourly average data collected by the PM CPMS for al l operating hours to calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of the operating limit (e.g., milliamps, PM c oncentration, raw data signal) on a 30-day rolling average basis. (5) For PM performance test reports used to set a P M CPMS operating limit, the electronic submission of the t est report must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, serial number of the instrument, analytical princip le of the instrument (e.g. beta attenuation), span of the ins truments primary analytical range, milliamp value equivalent to the instrument zero output, technique by which this zer o value was determined, and the average milliamp signals corres ponding to each PM compliance test run. Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier New Formatted: Font: (Intl) Courier NewPage 192 of 322

(2) Determine your operating limit as the highest 1

- hour average PM CPMS output value recorded during the pe rformance test. You must verify an existing or establish a new operating limit after each repeated performance test. You mus t repeat the performance test annually and reassess and adjust t he site

specific operating limit in accordance with the res ults of the performance test. (3) To determi ne continuous compliance, you must record the PM CPMS output data for all periods when the proces s is operating and the PM CPMS is not out

- of

- control. You must demonstrate continuous compliance by using all qual ity

- assured hourly average data collected by the PM CPMS for all operating hours to calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of the operating limit (e.g., milliamps, PM c oncentration, raw data signal) on a 30

- day rolling average basis. § 60.2680 What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, or an electrostatic precipitator , or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations? (a) If you use an air pollution control device othe r than a wet scrubber, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, fabric filter, or an electrostatic precipitator , or a dry scrubber or limit emissions in some other manner, includingPage 193 of 322

mass balances, to comply with the emission limitati ons under §60.2670, you must petition the EPA Administrator f or specific operating limits to be established during the initi al performance test and continuously monitored thereaf ter. You must not conduct the initial submit the petition at least sixty days
before the performance test until after the petition has been approved by the Administrator is scheduled to begin . Your petition must include the five items listed in para graphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section. (1) Identification of the specific parameters you p ropose to use as additional operating limits. (2) A discussion of the relationship between these parameters and emissions of regulated pollutants, i dentifying how emissions of regulated pollutants change with c hanges in these parameters , and how limits on these parameters will serve to limit emissions of regulated pollutants. (3) A discussion of how you will establish the uppe r and/or lower values for these parameters which will establ ish the operating limits on these parameters. (4) A discussion identifying the methods you will u se to measure and the instruments you will use to monitor these parameters, as well as the relative accuracy and pr ecision of these methods and instruments.Page 194 of 322

(5) A discussion identifying the frequency and meth ods for recalibrating the instruments you will use for moni toring these parameters. (b) [Reserved] § 60.2685 Affirmative Defense for Exceedance Violation of an Emission Limit Standards During Malfunction. In response to an action to enforce the standards s et forth in paragraph §60.2670 you may assert an affirmative defense to a claim for civil penalties for exceedances violations of such standards that are caused by malfunction, as define d at § 40 CFR 60.2. Appropriate penalties may be assessed , ; however, if you fail to meet your burden of proving all of the requ irements in the affirmative defense. The affirmative defense sh all not be available for claims for injunctive relief. (a) To establish the affirmative defense in any act ion to
enforce such a limit standard , you must timely meet the notification reporting requirements in paragraph (b) of this section, and must prove by a preponderance of evide nce that: (1) The excess emissions: violation: (i) Were Was caused by a sudden, infrequent, and unavoidable failure of air pollution control and monitoring equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a nor mal or usual

manner ; , andPage 195 of 322

(ii) Could not have been prevented through careful planning, proper design or better operation and mai ntenance practices; and (iii) Did not stem from any activity or event that could have been foreseen and avoided, or planned for; and (iv) Were Was not part of a recurring pattern indicative of inadequate design, operation, or maintenance; and (2) Repairs were made as expeditiously as possible when the applicable emission limitations were being exceeded
. a violation
occurred. Off-shift and overtime labor were used, to the ext ent practicable to make these repairs; and (3) The frequency, amount and duration of the excess emissions violation (including any bypass) were minimized to the maximum extent practicable during periods of such emissions ; and (4) If the excess emissions violation resulted from a bypass of control equipment or a process, then the bypass was unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injur y, or severe property damage; and (5) All possible steps were taken to minimize the i mpact of the excess emissions violation on ambient air quality, the environment , and human health; and (6) All emissions and/or parameter moni toring and systems, as well as control systems , were kept in operation if at allPage 196 of 322

possible, consistent with safety and good air pollu tion control practices; and (7) All of the actions in response to the excess emissions violation were documented by properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs; and (8) At all times, the affected facility CISWI unit was operated in a manner consistent with good practices for minimizing emissions; and (9) A written root cause analysis has been prepared , the purpose of which is to determine, correct, and elim inate the primary causes of the malfunction and the excess emissions violation resulting from the malfunction event at issue. The analysis shall also specify, using best monitoring methods and engineering judgment, the amount of excess any emissions that were the result of the malfunction. (b) Notification
. The owner or operator of the facility experiencing an exceedance of its emission limit(s) during a malfunction shall notify the Administrator by telep hone or facsimile (FAX ) transmission as soon as possible, but no later than two business days after the initial occurrence of the malfunction, if it wishes to avail itself of an aff irmative defense to civil penalties for that malfunction Report . Report. The owner or operator seeking to assert an affirmat ive defense
shall also submit a written report to the Administrator withinPage 197 of 322

45 days of the initial occurrence of the exceedance of the standard in §60.2670 to demonstrate, with all necessary supporting documentation, that it has met the requi rements set forth in paragraph (a) of this section. The owner or operator may seek an extension of this deadline for up to 30 additional days by submitting a written request to the Adminis trator before the expiration of the 45 day This affirmative defense report shall be included in the first periodic compliance, deviation report or excess emission report otherwise required after the initial occurrence of the violation of the relevant standard (which may be the end of any applicable averaging period
. Until a request for an extension has been approved by the Administrator, the owner or operator is subject to the requirement to submit ). If such compliance, deviation report within or excess emission report is due less than 45 days of after the initial occurrence of the exceedances. violation, the affirmative defense report may be included in the s econd compliance, deviation report or excess emission rep ort due after the initial occurrence of the violation of the rele vant standard. Model Rule—Performance Testing § 60.2690 How do I conduct the initial and annual p erformance
test?Page 198 of 322

(a) All performance tests must consist of a minimum of three test runs conducted under conditions represen tative of normal operations. (b) You must document that the waste burned during the performance test is representative of the waste bur ned under normal operating conditions by maintaining a log of the quantity of waste burned (as required in §60.2740(b)(1)) and the types of waste burned during the performance test. (c) All performance tests must be conducted using t he minimum run duration specified in tables 2 and 6 th rough 9 of this subpart. (d) Method 1 of appendix A of this part must be use d to select the sampling location and number of traverse points. (e) Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part must be used for gas composition analysis, including measurement of oxygen concentration. Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of thi s part must be used simultaneously with each method. (f) All pollutant concentrations, except for opacit y, must be adjusted to 7 percent oxygen using Equation 1 of this section:

C adj = C meas (20.9−7)/(20.9−%O 2 ) (Eq. 1) Where:

C adj = pollutant concentration adjusted to 7 percent oxygen;Page 199 of 322

C meas = pollutant concentration measured on a dry basis; (20.9−7) = 20.9 percent oxygen−7 percent oxygen (de fined oxygen correction basis); 20.9 = oxygen concentration in air, percent; and %O 2 = oxygen concentration measured on a dry basis, percent. (g) You must determine dioxins/furans toxic equival ency by following the procedures in paragraphs (g)(1) throu gh ( 3 4 ) of this section. (1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetrathrough octa-isomer emitted using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A. (2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteria 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardles s of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.) (3) For each dioxin/furan (tetra- through octa-chlorina ted) isomer measured in accordance with paragraph (g)(1) and (2) of this section, multiply the isomer concentration by its corresponding toxic equivalency factor specified in table 4 of this subpart.Page 200 of 322

( 3 4 ) Sum the products calculated in accordance with paragraph (g)( 2 3 ) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of toxic equivalency. (h) Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 must be used to determine compliance with the fugitive ash emiss ion limit in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of th is subpart. (i) If you have an applicable opacity operating lim it, you must determine compliance with the opacity limit us ing Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4, based on three 1-h our blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values, unless you are required to install a continuous opacity monito ring system, consistent with §60.2710 and §60.2730. (j) You must determine dioxins/furans total mass ba sis by following the procedures in paragraphs (j)(1) throu gh (3) of this section. (1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetrathrough octa-chlorinated isomer emitted using EPA M ethod 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. (2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteri a 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardles s of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the numberPage 201 of 322

of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.) (3) Sum the quantities measured in accordance with paragraphs (j)(1) and (2) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of total mass basis. § 60.2695 How are the performance test data used? You use results of performance tests to demonstrate compliance with the emission limitations in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart. Model Rule—Initial Compliance Requirements § 60.2700 How do I demonstrate initial compliance w ith the amended emission limitations and establish the oper ating limits? You must conduct a performance test, as required un der §§60.2690 and 60.2670, to determine compliance with the emission limitations in table 2 of this subpart and tables 6 through 9 of this subpart, to establish compliance with any opac ity operating limits in §60.2675, and to establish operating limi ts using the procedures in §60.2675 or §60.2680. The performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 2 of this subpart and tables 6 through 9 of this subpart and the procedures in §60.2690. The use of the bypass stack during a performance test shall invalidate the performance t est. You mustPage 202 of 322

conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous monitoring system within 60 days of installation of the monito ring system. § 60.2705 By what date must I conduct the initial p erformance
test? (a) The initial performance test must be conducted no later than 180 days after your final compliance date. You r final compliance date is specified in table 1 of this sub part. (b) If you commence or recommence combusting a soli d waste at an existing combustion unit at any commercial or industrial facility and you conducted a test consistent with t he provisions of this subpart while combusting the given solid wa ste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that s olid waste in the combustion chamber, you do not need to retest u ntil 6 months from the date you reintroduce that solid waste. (c) If you commence combusting or recommence combus ting a solid waste at an existing combustion unit at any c ommercial or industrial facility and you have not conducted a pe rformance test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the given solid waste within the 6 month s preceding the reintroduction of that solid waste in the combu stion chamber, you must conduct a performance test within 60 days commencing or recommencing solid waste combustion. § 60.2706 By what date must I conduct the initial a ir pollution control device inspection?Page 203 of 322

(a) The initial air pollution control device inspec tion must be conducted within 60 days after installation of the control device and the associated CISWI unit reache s the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 18 0 days after the final compliance date for meeting the amended e mission limitations. (b) Within 10 operating days following an air pollu tion control device inspection, all necessary repairs mu st be completed unless the owner or operator obtains writ ten approval from the state agency establishing a date whereby a ll necessary repairs of the designated facility must be complete d. Model Rule—Continuous Compliance Requirements § 60.2710 How do I demonstrate continuous complianc e with the emission limitations and the operating limits? (a) Compliance with standards. (1) The emission standards and operating requiremen ts set forth in this subpart apply at all times. (2) If you cease combusting solid waste you may opt to remain subject to the provisions of this subpart. C onsistent with the definition of CISWI unit, you are subject to the requirements of this subpart at least 6 months foll owing the last date of solid waste combustion. Solid waste co mbustion is ceased when solid waste is not in the combustion ch amber (i.e.,Page 204 of 322

the solid waste feed to the combustor has been cut off for a period of time not less than the solid waste reside nce time). (3) If you cease combusting solid waste you must be in compliance with any newly applicable standards on t he effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. The effective dat e of the waste-to-fuel switch is a date selected by you, tha t must be at least 6 months from the date that you ceased combus ting solid waste, consistent with §60.2710(a)(2). Your source must remain in compliance with this subpart until the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. (4) If you own or operate an existing commercial or industrial combustion unit that combusted a fuel or non-waste material, and you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste, you are subject to the provisions of this su bpart as of the first day you introduce or reintroduce solid wa ste to the combustion chamber, and this date constitutes the e ffective date of the fuel-to-waste switch. You must complete all initial compliance demonstrations for any Section section 112 standards that are applicable to your facility before you com mence or recommence combustion of solid waste. You must prov ide 30 days prior notice of the effective date of the waste-to- fuel switch. The notification must identify:Page 205 of 322

(i) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) t hat will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the noti ce; (ii) The currently applicable subcategory under thi s subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcate gory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste; (iii) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid waste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has comb usted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste mat erials the unit will commence combusting; (iv) The date on which you became subject to the cu rrently applicable emission limits; (v) The date upon which you will cease combusting s olid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effect ive date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragrap hs (a)(2) and (3) of this section. (5) All air pollution control equipment necessary f or compliance with any newly applicable emissions limi ts which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommencement of combusting solid waste must be in stalled and operational as of the effective date of the waste-t o-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch.Page 206 of 322

(6) All monitoring systems necessary for compliance with any newly applicable monitoring requirements which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommen cement of combusting solid waste must be installed and operat ional as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to -waste switch. All calibration and drift checks must be pe rformed as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to -waste switch. Relative accuracy tests must be performed a s of the performance test deadline for PM CEMS
. (if PM CEMS are elected to demonstrate continuous compliance with the parti culate matter emission limits). Relative accuracy testing for other CEMS need not be repeated if that testing was previously perf ormed consistent with section 112 monitoring requirements or monitoring requirements under this subpart. (b) You must conduct an annual performance test for the pollutants listed in table 2 of this subpart or tab les 6 through 9 of this subpart and opacity for each CISWI unit a s required under §60.2690. The annual performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 2 of this su bpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart and the procedur es in §60.2690. Opacity must be measured using EPA Reference Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60. Annual performance tests are not required if

you use continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS or continuous opacity monitoring systems to determine compliance.Page 207 of 322

(c) You must continuously monitor the operating par ameters specified in §60.2675 or established under §60.2680 and as specified in §60.2735. Operation above the establis hed maximum or below the established minimum operating limits c onstitutes a deviation from the established operating limits. Th ree-hour block average values are used to determine complian ce (except for baghouse leak detection system alarms) unless a different averaging period is established under §60.2680 . Op erating limits are confirmed or established or, for energy recovery units, where the averaging time for each operating paramet er is a 30- day rolling, calculated each hour as the average of the previous 720 operating hours. Operation above the establishe d maximum, below the established minimum, or outside the allow able range of the operating limits specified in paragraph (a) of this section constitutes a deviation from your operating limits established under this subpart, except during performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission and operatin g limits or to establish new operating limits. Operating limits are confirmed or reestablished during performance tests. (d) You must burn only the same types of waste and fuels used to establish subcategory applicability (for ERUs) and operating limits during the performance test.Page 208 of 322

(e) For energy recovery units, incinerators, and sm all remote units, you must perform annual visual emissi ons test for ash handling. (f) For energy recovery units, you must conduct an annual performance test for opacity using EPA Reference Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60 (except where particulate matter contin uous monitoring system or continuous parameter monitorin g systems are used) and the pollutants listed in table 7 of this subpart. (g) For facilities using a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit, compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit may be demonstrated by using the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS according to the following requirements: (1) You must measure emissions according to §60.13 to calculate 1-hour arithmetic averages, corrected to 7 percent

oxygen. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined i n this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen , and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limit using a 30- day rolling average of the 1-hour arithmetic averag e emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A–7.Page 209 of 322

(2) Operate the carbon monoxide continuous emission s monitoring system in accordance with the applicable requirements of performance specification 4A of appendix B and t he quality assurance procedures of appendix F of this part. (h) For Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with design capacities annual average heat input rates greater than 250 MMBtu/hr and waste

- burning kilns, may elect to demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter e missions limit using a particulate matter continuous emissions monitoring system CEMS according to the procedures in §60.2730(n) instead of the continuous parameter monitoring system speci fied in §60.2710(i). Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery un its with annual average heat input rates less than 250 MMBtu /hr, incinerators, and small remote incinerators may als o elect to demonstrate compliance using a particulate matter C EMS according to the procedures in §60.2730(n) instead of particu late matter testing with EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, append ix A-3 and, if applicable, the continuous opacity monitoring re quirements in paragraph (i) of this section. (i) For energy recovery units with design capacities annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 10 MMBTU/hour , if you have an opacity operating limit, but less than 250 MMBtu/hr you must install, operate, certify and maintain aPage 210 of 322

continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) accordi ng to the procedures in §60.2730. (j) For waste-burning kilns, you must conduct an an nual performance test for the pollutants (except mercury and particulate matter, and hydrogen chloride if no aci d gas wet scrubber is used) listed in table 8 of this subpart . If your waste-burning kiln is not equipped with a wet scrub ber or dry scrubber , you must determine compliance with the hydrogen chloride emission limit using a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS as specified in §60.2730. You must determine compliance with particulate matter using CPMS. You must determine compliance with the mercury emissions lim it using a

mercury continuous emission monitoring system CEMS according to the following requirements: (1) Operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS in accordance with performance specification 12A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B or a sorbent trap based integrated monit or in accordance with performance specification 12B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. The duration of the performance test mu st be a calendar month. For each calendar month in which th e wasteburning kiln operates, hourly mercury concentration data and stack gas volumetric flow rate data must be obtaine d. You must demonstrate compliance with the mercury emissions l imit using a 30-day rolling average of these 1-hour mercury conc entrations,Page 211 of 322

including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using Equation 19-19 in se ction 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appen dix A–7 of this part. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, a s defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen , and are measured at stack oxygen content. (2) Owners or operators using a mercury continuous emissions monitoring systems must install, operate, calibrate and maintain an instrument for continuously measuri ng and recording the mercury mass emissions rate to the at mosphere according to the requirements of performance specif ications 6 and 12A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B and quality a ssurance procedure 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix F. (3) The owner or operator of a waste-burning kiln m ust demonstrate initial compliance by operating a mercu ry continuous emission emissions monitor CEMS while the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is operating under normal conditions and while the raw mill of the in

- line kiln/raw mill is not operating including at least one period when the raw mill is off
. (k) If you use an air pollution control device to m eet the emission limitations in this subpart, you must cond uct an initial and annual inspection of the air pollution control device. The inspection must include, at a minimum, the following:Page 212 of 322

(1) Inspect air pollution control device(s) for pro per operation. (2) Develop a site-specific monitoring plan accordi ng to the requirements in paragraph (l) of this section. This requirement also applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for alternative monitoring parameters under §60.13(i). (l) For each continuous monitoring system CMS required in this section, you must develop and submit to the EP A Administrator for approval a site-specific monitori ng plan according to the requirements of this paragraph (l) that addresses paragraphs (l)(1)(i) through (vi) of this section. (1) You must submit this site-specific monitoring p lan at least 60 days before your initial performance evalu ation of your continuous monitoring system. (i) Installation of the continuous monitoring syste m sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that th e measurement is representative of control of the exhaust emissio ns (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device). (ii) Performance and equipment specifications for t he sample interface, the pollutant concentration or pa rametric signal analyzer and the data collection and reducti on systems.Page 213 of 322

(iii) Performance evaluation procedures and accepta nce criteria (e.g. , calibrations). (iv) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures i n accordance with the general requirements of §60.11( d). (v) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in ac cordance with the general requirements of §60.13. (vi) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the general requirements of §60.7(b ),(c), (c)(1), (c)(4), (d), (e), (f) and (g). (2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of ea ch continuous monitoring system in accordance with you r sitespecific monitoring plan. (3) You must operate and maintain the continuous mo nitoring system in continuous operation according to the sit e-specific monitoring plan. (m) If you have an operating limit that requires th e use of a flow monitoring system, you must meet the require ments in paragraphs (l) and (m)(1) through (4) of this secti on. (1) Install the flow sensor and other necessary equ ipment in a position that provides a representative flow. (2) Use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivit y at full scale of no greater than 2 percent of the expected process flow rate
.Page 214 of 322

(3) Minimize the effects of swirling flow or abnorm al velocity distributions due to upstream and downstre am disturbances. (4) Conduct a flow monitoring system performance ev aluation in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annual ly. (n) If you have an operating limit that requires th e use of a pressure monitoring system, you must meet the req uirements in paragraphs (l) and (n)(1) through (6) of this secti on. (1) Install the pressure sensor(s) in a position th at provides a representative measurement of the pressu re (e.g., PM scrubber pressure drop). (2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibra tion, and internal and external corrosion. (3) Use a pressure sensor with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 centimeters of water or a minimum tolerance of 1 pe rcent of the pressure monitoring system operating range, whichev er is less. (4) Perform checks at least once each process operating day the frequency outlined in your site-specific monito ring plan to ensure pressure measurements are not obstructed (e.g., check for pressure tap pluggage daily). (5) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pressur e monitoring system in accordance with your monitorin g plan at thePage 215 of 322

time of each performance test but no less frequentl y than annually. (6) If at any time the measured pressure exceeds th e manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range, conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure mo nitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan and confirm that the pressure monitoring system continues to meet th e performance requirements in your monitoring plan. Alternatively , install and verify the operation of a new pressure sensor. (o) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of

a pressure pH monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and ( n o )(1) through ( 6 4 ) of this section. (1) Install the pressure pH sensor (s) in a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure (e.g., PM scrubber pressure drop)
. effluent pH. (2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, Ensure the sample is properly mixed and internal and external corrosion representative of the fluid to be measured
. (3) Use a pressure sensor with a minimum tolerance of 1 .27 centimeters of water or a minimum tolerance of 1 percent of the

pressure Conduct a performance evaluation of the pH monitoring system operating range, whichever is less. (4) Perform checks in accordance with your monitoring plan at least once each process operating day to ensure pressurePage 216 of 322

measurements are not obstructed (e.g., check for pr essure tap pluggage daily).
. ( 5 4 ) Conduct a performance evaluation (including a twopoint calibration with one of the pressure two buffer solutions having a pH within 1 of the pH of the operating lim it) of the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitorin g plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequentl y than annually quarterly
. (6) If at any time the measured pressure exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum o perating pressure range, conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure mo nitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan and confirm that the pressure monitoring system continues to meet th e performance requirements in your monitoring plan. Alte rnatively, install and verify the operation of a new pressure sensor. (p) If you have an operating limit that requires a secondary electric power monitoring system for an e lectrostatic precipitator, you must meet the requirements in par agraphs (l) and (p)(1) through (2) of this section. (1) Install sensors to measure (secondary) voltage and current to the precipitator collection plates. (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the electri c power monitoring system in accordance with your monitorin g plan at thePage 217 of 322

time of each performance test but no less frequentl y than annually. (q) If you have an operating limit that requires th e use of a monitoring system to measure sorbent injection ra te (e.g., weigh belt, weigh hopper, or hopper flow measuremen t device), you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) an d (q)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) Install the system in a position(s) that provid es a representative measurement of the total sorbent inj ection rate. (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the sorbent injection rate monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance tes t but no less frequently than annually. (r) If you elect to use a fabric filter bag leak de tection system to comply with the requirements of this subp art, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously oper ate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (l ) and (r)(1) through (5) of this section. (1) Install a bag leak detection sensor(s) in a pos ition(s) that will be representative of the relative or abso lute particulate matter loadings for each exhaust stack, roof vent, or compartment ( e.g., for a positive pressure fabric filter) of the fabric filter.Page 218 of 322

(2) Use a bag leak detection system certified by th e manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per ac tual cubic
meter or less. (3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the bag lea k detection system in accordance with your monitoring plan and consistent with the guidance provided in EPA–454/R– 98–015 (incorporated by reference, see §60.17). (4) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the s ensor. (5) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a system that will sound an alarm when an increase in relati ve particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed read ily by plant operating personnel. (s) For facilities using a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be demonstrated by using the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS specified in §60.2730 to measure sulfur dioxide . CEMS data during startup and calculating shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 per cent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average emission concentration of the 1-hourPage 219 of 322

arithmetic average emission concentrations, includi ng CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subp art, using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference M ethod 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. The sulfur dioxide continuous emission monitoring system CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of this p art and must follow the procedures and methods specified in this paragraph (s). For sources that have actual inlet emissions l ess than 100 parts per million dry volume, the relative accuracy criterion for inlet sulfur dioxide continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS should be no greater than 20 percent of the mean value of the reference method test data in terms of the units of the emission standard, or 5 parts per million dry v olume absolute value of the mean difference between the r eference method and the continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS , whichever is greater. (1) During each relative accuracy test run of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS required by performance specification 2 in appendix B of this p art, collect sulfur dioxide and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the continuous emission emissions monitors CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (s)(1)(i) and (s)(1)(ii) of this section
.Page 220 of 322

(i) For sulfur dioxide, EPA Reference Method 6 or 6 C, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10–1981 (incorporat ed by reference, see §60.17) must be used. (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10– 1981 (incorporated by reference, see §60.17), as applica ble, must be
used. (2) The span value of the continuous emissions monitoring system CEMS at the inlet to the sulfur dioxide control device must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to thi s rule. The span value of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS at the outlet of the sulfur dioxide control device mus t be 50 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential s ulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to this rule. (3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with pr ocedure 1 in appendix F of this part. (t) For facilities using a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS to demonstrate continuous compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit, compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit may be demonstrated by using the continuous emission monitor ing system CEMS specified in §60.2730 to measure nitrogen oxides . CEMS data during startup andPage 221 of 322

calculating shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of the 1- hour arithmetic average emission concentration using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. The nitrogen oxides continuous emission monitoring system CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part and must follow the procedures and methods specified in paragraphs (t)( 1) through (t)(5) of this section. (1) During each relative accuracy test run of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS required by performance specification 2 of appendix B of this p art, collect nitrogen oxides and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (t)(1)(i) and (t)(1)(ii) of this sect ion. (i) For nitrogen oxides, EPA Reference Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 must be used. (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10– 1981 (incorporated by reference, see §60.17), as applica ble, must be used.Page 222 of 322

(2) The span value of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourl y potential nitrogen oxide emissions of unit. (3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with pr ocedure 1 in appendix F of this part. (4) The owner or operator of an affected facility m ay request that compliance with the nitrogen oxides em ission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements cor rected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. If carbon dioxide i s selected for use in diluent corrections, the relationship be tween oxygen and carbon dioxide levels must be established durin g the initial performance test according to the procedures and me thods specified in paragraphs (t)(4)(i) through (t)(4)(iv ) of this section. This relationship may be reestablished dur ing performance compliance tests. (i) The fuel factor equation in Method 3B must be u sed to determine the relationship between oxygen and carbo n dioxide at a sampling location. Method 3A, 3B, or as an altern ative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10–1981 (incorporated by reference , see §60.17), as applicable, must be used to determine t he oxygen concentration at the same location as the carbon di oxide monitor.Page 223 of 322

(ii) Samples must be taken for at least 30 minutes in each
hour. (iii) Each sample must represent a 1-hour average. (iv) A minimum of 3 runs must be performed. (u) For facilities using a continuous emissions mon itoring system to demonstrate continuous compliance with an y of the emission limits of this subpart, you must complete the following: (1) Demonstrate compliance with the appropriate emi ssion limit(s) using a 30-day rolling average of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS dat a during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart , calculated using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Refer ence Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 . CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corre cted to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen co ntent . (2) Operate all contin uous emissions monitoring system s CEMS in accordance with the applicable procedures under appendices B and F of this part. (v) Use of the bypass stack at any time is an emiss ions standards deviation for particulate matter, HCl, Pb , Cd, Hg,
NO x , SO 2 , and dioxin/furans. (w) For energy recovery units with a design heat input capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do n ot use aPage 224 of 322

carbon monoxide continuous emission monitoring system CEMS , you
must install, operate , and maintain the continuous a oxygen monitoring analyzer system specified as defined in §60. 2730 2875 according to the procedures in paragraphs (w)(1) th rough (4) of this section by the compliance date specified in table
. ( 1 of this subpart. ) The oxygen level shall be monitored at
the outlet of the energy recovery unit. analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date spec ified in §60.2675. (1) Each monitor (2) You must be operated and maintained according to operate the applicable procedures under performance specification 3 of appendix B of this part and according to the site

- specific monitoring plan developed according to par agraph (l) of this section. (2) During each relative accuracy test run of the continuous emission monitoring oxygen trim system required by performance specification 3 of appendix B of this part, oxygen data must be collected concurrently (or within a 30

- to 60

- minute period) by both the continuous emission moni tor and the test methods specified in paragraphs ( compliance with paragraph ( w)(3) of this section at all times
. (3) For oxygen, EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10

– 1981 (incorporated by reference, see §60.17), as applicable, must be used.Page 225 of 322

(3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that th e 30-day rolling average that is established as the operatin g limit for oxygen is not below the lowest hourly average oxyge n concentration measured during the most recent CO pe rformance

test. (4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using Equation 19-19 in sectio n 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of this par t. § (x) For energy recovery units with annual average h eat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and wasteburning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintai n, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the syst em as specified in paragraphs (x)(1) through (8) of this section. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use P M CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS a re suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compli ance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubbe r pressure). (1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-s pecific monitoring plan developed in accordance with §60.27 10(l) and (x)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-stack or extractive light scatter, light scintil lation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation of the exhaust ga s orPage 226 of 322

representative sample. The reportable measurement o utput from the PM CPMS may be expressed as milliamps, stack co ncentration, or other raw data signal
. (ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., peri od required to complete sampling, measurement, and rep orting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes. (iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations of no greater than 0.5 mg/actual cubic meter. (2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compl iance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific ope rating limit in accordance with the results of the performance t est according to the procedures specified in §60.2675. (3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operatin g hours. Express the PM CPMS output as millamps, PM concentr ation, or other raw data signal value
. (4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected duri ng all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (e.g., milliamps, PM concentration, raw data signal ). (5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is o perating andPage 227 of 322

at the intervals specified in paragraph (x)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system ma lfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfuncti ons, required monitoring system quality assurance or quality cont rol activities (including, as applicable, calibration c hecks and required zero and span adjustments), and any schedu led maintenance as defined in your site-specific monito ring plan. (6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except: (i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring sy stem malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitor ing system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report a ny such periods in your annual deviation report); (ii) Any data collected during periods when the mon itoring system is out of control as specified in your site- specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods wh en the monitoring system is out of control, or required mo nitoring system quality assurance or quality control activit ies conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calcu lations (report emissions or operating levels and report an y such periods in your annual deviation report);Page 228 of 322

(iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of C EMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this sub part. (7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as th e dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessar y to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site- specific monitoring plan. (8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parame ter limit, you must: (i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually insp ect the air pollution control device; (ii) If inspection of the air pollution control dev ice identifies the cause of the deviation, take correct ive action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; and (iii) Within 45 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance w ith the PM emissions limit and to verify. Within 45 days of th e deviation, you must or re-establish the CPMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional testing for any devi ations thatPage 229 of 322

occur between the time of the original deviation an d the PM emissions compliance test required under this parag raph. (iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four r equired performance tests in a 12-month process operating p eriod (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this su bpart.

§ 60.2715 By what date must I conduct the annual perf ormance test? You must conduct annual performance tests between 1 1 and 13 months of the previous performance test. § 60.2716 By what date must I conduct the annual ai r pollution control device inspection? On an annual basis (no more than 12 months followin g the previous annual air pollution control device inspec tion), you must complete the air pollution control device insp ection as described in §60.2706. § 60.2720 May I conduct performance testing less of ten? (a) You must conduct annual performance tests accor ding to the schedule specified in §60.2715, with the follow ing exceptions: (1) You may conduct a repeat performance test at an y time to establish new values for the operating limits to apply from that point forward, as specified in §60.2725. The A dministrator may request a repeat performance test at any time. Formatted: Indent: First line: 0"Page 230 of 322

(2) You must repeat the performance test within 60 days of a process change, as defined in §60.2875. (3) If the initial or any subsequent performance te st for any pollutant in table 2 or tables 6 through 9 of t his subpart, as applicable, demonstrates that the emission level for the pollutant is no greater than the emission level spe cified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, and you are not required to conduct a p erformance test for the pollutant in response to a request by the Administrator in paragraph (a)(1) of this section o r a process change in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, you may elect to skip conducting a performance test for the pollutan t for the next 2 years. You must conduct a performance test f or the pollutant during the third year and no more than 37 months following the previous performance test for the pol lutant. For cadmium and lead, both cadmium and lead must be emi tted at emission levels no greater than their respective em ission levels specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section fo r you to qualify for less frequent testing under this paragr aph. (i) For particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, merc ury, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, c admium, lead, and dioxins/furans, the emission level equal to 75 percent of the applicable emission limit in table 2 or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart, as applicable, to this subpart.Page 231 of 322

(ii) For fugitive emissions, visible emissions (of combustion ash from the ash conveying system) for 2 percent of the time during each of the 3 three 1-hour observation observation periods. (4) If you are conducting less frequent testing for a pollutant as provided in paragraph (a)(3) of this s ection and a subsequent performance test for the pollutant indic ates that your CISWI unit does not meet the emission level sp ecified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, you must conduct annual performance tes ts for the pollutant according to the schedule specified in pa ragraph (a) of this section until you qualify for less frequent testing for the pollutant as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of t his section.

§60.2725 May I conduct a repeat performance test to establish new operating limits? (a) Yes. You may conduct a repeat performance test at any time to establish new values for the operating limi ts. The Administrator may request a repeat performance test at any time. (b) You must repeat the performance test if your fe ed stream is different than the feed streams used duri ng any performance test used to demonstrate compliance. Model Rule—MonitoringPage 232 of 322

§ 60.2730 What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor? (a) If you are using a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limitation under §60.2670, you must instal l, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and o perate devices (or establish methods) for monitoring the v alue of the operating parameters used to determine compliance w ith the operating limits listed in table 3 of this subpart. These devices (or methods) must measure and record the va lues for these operating parameters at the frequencies indic ated in table 3 of this subpart at all times except as specified in §60.2735(a). (b) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, cal ibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detec tion system as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of th is section. (1) You must install and operate a bag leak detecti on system for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter. (2) Each bag leak detection system must be installe d, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner co nsistent with the manufacturer's written specifications and recom mendations. (3) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matterPage 233 of 322

emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per ac tual cubic
meter or less. (4) The bag leak detection system sensor must provi de output of relative or absolute particulate matter l oadings. (5) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal fro m the sensor. (6) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will alert automatically an opera tor when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions o ver a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed easily by plant operating personnel. (7) For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabri c filters, the bag leak detector must be installed downstream of the fabric filter. (8) Where multiple detectors are required, the syst em’s instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detec tors. (c) If you are using something other than a wet scr ubber, activated carbon, selective non-catalytic reduction , or an electrostatic precipitator , or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations under §60.2670, you must insta ll, calibrate (to the manufacturers’ specifications), maintain, a nd operate the equipment necessary to monitor compliance with the site-Page 234 of 322

specific operating limits established using the pro cedures in §60.2680. (d) If you use activated carbon injection to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart, you must measure the minimum sorbent flow rate once per hour. (e) If you use selective non
- catalytic noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must complete the following: (1) Following the date on which the initial perform ance test is completed or is required to be completed un der §60.2690, whichever date comes first, ensure that the affecte d facility does not operate above the maximum charge rate, or below the minimum secondary chamber temperature (if applicabl e to your CISWI unit) or the minimum reagent flow rate measur ed as 3-hour block averages at all times. (2) Operation of the affected facility above the ma ximum charge rate, below the minimum secondary chamber te mperature , and below the minimum reagent flow rate simultaneou sly constitute a violation of the nitrogen oxides emiss ions limit. (f) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to com ply with the emission limits of this subpart, you must monit or the voltage and amperage of secondary power to the electrostatic precipitator collection plates and maintain the 3-h our blockPage 235 of 322

averages at or above the operating limits establish ed during the mercury or particulate matter performance test. (g) For waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet
scrubber or dry scrubber , in place of hydrogen chloride testing with EPA Method 321 at 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, an owner or operator must install, calibrate, maintain, and ope rate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for monitoring hydrogen chloride emissions discharged to the atmos phere and record the output of the system. To demonstrate con tinuous compliance with the hydrogen chloride emissions lim it for units other than waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet scrubber or dry scrubber , a facility may substitute use of a hydrogen chloride continuous emissions monitoring system CEMS for conducting the hydrogen chloride annual performance test, monitoring the minimum hydrogen chloride sorbent fl ow rate, and monitoring the minimum scrubber liquor pH. (h) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a particulate matter continuous emissions monitoring system CEMS for conducting the particulate matter annual performance test and other CMS monitoring the minimum for PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressure drop across the wet scrubber, if applicable. ).Page 236 of 322

(i) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the dioxin/furan emissions limit, a facility may substi tute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the dioxin /furan annual performance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample according to EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. You may propose alternative continuous monitoring consistent with the requirements in §60.13(j). This option to use a continuous automated sampling system takes ef fect on the date a final performance specification applicable t o dioxin/furan from continuous monitors is published in the Federal Register
. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample dioxin/furan emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a con tinuous automated sampling system and must comply with the requirements specified in §60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous dioxin/furan monitoring for the minimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the dioxin/furan emission limit. (j) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the m ercury emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the mercury annual pe rformance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample at set intervals using any suitable determin ativePage 237 of 322

technique that can meet performance specification 1 2B criteria. This option to use a continuous automated sampling system takes effect on the date a final performance specificatio n applicable to mercury from monitors is published in the Federal Register
. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sa mple mercury emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8, ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by reference, see §60.17), or a n approved alternative method for measuring mercury emissions, must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuo us automated sampling system and must comply with the requiremen ts specified in §60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous mercury monitoring for the minimum sorbent flow rat e, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely f or compliance with the mercury emission limit. (k) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the n itrogen oxides emissions limit, a facility may substitute u se of a continuous emissions monit oring system CEMS for the nitrogen oxides annual performance test to demonstrate compl iance with the nitrogen oxides emissions limits and monitoring the charge rate, secondary chamber temperature and reagent flo w for selective noncatalytic reduction, if applicable
. (1) Install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for measuring nitrogen oxides Formatted: Font: Bold, No underlinePage 238 of 322

emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record t he output of the system. The requirements under performance spec ification 2 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance p rocedure 1 of appendix F of this part and the procedures under §6 0.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation and operation of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS . (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for nitrogen oxides is completed or is required to be completed under §60.2690, compliance with the emission limit for nitrogen oxides required under §60.52b(d) must be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly emission conce ntrations using continuous emission monitoring system CEMS outlet data. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in par ts per million by volume corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average concen trations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined i n this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under §60 .13(e)(2). (l) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the s ulfur dioxide emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the sulfur dioxide annual performance test to demonstrate compliance w ith the sulfur dioxide emissions limits.Page 239 of 322

(1) Install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for measuring sulfur dioxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record t he output of the system. The requirements under performance spec ification 2 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance r equirements of procedure 1 of appendix F of this part and the p rocedures under §60.13 must be followed for installation, eva luation and operation of the continuous emission monitoring sys tem CEMS . (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for sulfur dioxide is completed or is required to b e completed under §60.2690, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentratio ns using continuous emission monitoring system CEMS outlet data. The 1- hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this sub part, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen

content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under §60.13(e)(2). (m) For energy recovery units that do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter with bag leak detection sys tem, or particulate matter continuous emission monitoring system CEMS ,Page 240 of 322

you must install, operate, certify and maintain a c ontinuous opacity monitoring system according to the procedur es in paragraphs (m)(1) through (5) of this section by th e compliance date specified in §60.2670. Energy recovery units t hat use a particulate matter continuous emissions monitoring system CEMS to demonstrate initial and continuing compliance accor ding to the procedures in §60.2730(n) are not required to insta ll a continuous opacity monitoring system and must perfo rm the annual performance tests for opacity consistent with §60.2 710(f). (1) Install, operate and maintain each continuous o pacity monitoring system according to performance specific ation 1 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of each contin uous opacity monitoring system according to the requirem ents in §60.13 and according to performance specification 1 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. (3) As specified in §60.13(e)(1), each continuous o pacity monitoring system must complete a minimum of one cy cle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-secon d period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-m inute period. (4) Reduce the continuous opacity monitoring system data as specified in §60.13(h)(1). (5) Determine and record all the 6-minute averages (and 1- hour block averages as applicable) collected.Page 241 of 322

(n) For coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with design capacities greater than 250 MMBtu/hr and was te

- burning kilns, in place of particulate matter testing with EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A

- 3 , incinerators, and small remote incinerators , an owner or operator must may elect to install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for monitoring particulate matter emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The owner or operator of an affected facili ty who continuously monitors particulate matter emissions instead of conducting performance testing using EPA Method 5 a t 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 or, as applicable, monitor with a particulate matter CPMS according to paragraph (r) of this sect ion, must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS and must comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (n)(1) through (n)( 14 13 ) of this section. (1) Notify the Administrator 1 month before startin g use of the system. (2) Notify the Administrator 1 month before stoppin g use of the system. (3) The monitor must be installed, evaluated and op erated in accordance with the requirements of performance specificationPage 242 of 322

11 of appendix B of this part and quality assurance requirements of procedure 2 of appendix F of this part and §60.1 3. (4) The initial performance evaluation must be comp leted no later than 180 days after the final compliance date for meeting the amended emission limitations, as specified unde r §60.2690 or within 180 days of notification to the Administrato r of use of the continuous monitoring system if the owner or op erator was previously determining compliance by Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 performance tests, whichever is later. (5) The owner or operator of an affected facility m ay request that compliance with the particulate matter emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measuremen ts corrected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. The relations hip between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels for the affected f acility must be established according to the procedures and meth ods specified in §60.2710(s)(5)(i) through (s)(5)(iv). (6) The owner or operator of an affected facility m ust conduct an initial performance test for particulate matter emissions as required under §60.2690. Compliance wi th the particulate matter emission limit , if PM CEMS are elected for demonstrating compliance, must be determined by using the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS specified in paragraph (n) of this section to measure particulate matter and calculating . You must calculate a 30-day rolling averagePage 243 of 322

emission concentration of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60 , appendix A7 of this part. (7) Compliance with the particulate matter emission limit must be determined based on the 30-day rolling aver age calculated using Equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 o f EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A-7 of the part from the 1-hour arithmetic average of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS outlet data. (8) At a minimum, valid continuous monitoring syste m hourly averages must be obtained as specified §60.2735. (9) The 1-hour arithmetic averages required under p aragraph (n)(7) of this section must be expressed in milligr ams per dry standard cubic meter corrected to 7 percent oxygen (or carbon dioxide)(dry basis) and must be used to calculate t he 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, a re not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen

content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under §60.13(e)(2). (10) All valid continuous emission monitoring system CEMS data must be used in calculating average emission c oncentrationsPage 244 of 322

even if the minimum continuous em ission monitoring system CEMS data requirements of paragraph (n)(8) of this secti on are not
met. (11) The continuous emission monitoring system CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 11 in appendix B of this part. (12) During each relative accuracy test run of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS required by performance specification 11 in appendix B of this part, particulate matter and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) d ata must be collected concurrently (or within a 30-to 60-minute period) by
both the continuous emission emissions monitors CEMS and the following test methods. (i) For particulate matter, EPA Reference Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 must be used. (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, as applic able, must be used. (13) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests must be performed in accord ance with procedure 2 in appendix F of this part. (14) When particulate matter emissions data are missing because of continuous emission monitoring system br eakdowns, repairs, calibration checks and zero and span adjus tments, youPage 245 of 322

must collect emissions data by using other monitori ng systems as approved by the Administrator or EPA Reference Meth od 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A

- 7 to provide, as necessary, valid emissions data for a minimum of 85 percent of the h ours per day, 90 percent of the hours per calendar quarter, and 9 5 per cent of the hours per calendar year that the affected facil ity is operated and combusting waste. (o) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the c arbon monoxide emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the carbon monoxide annual performance test to demonstrate compliance w ith the carbon monoxide emissions limits. (1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous emission monitoring system CEMS for measuring carbon monoxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record t he output of the system. The requirements under performance spec ification 4B of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance p rocedure 1 of appendix F of this part and the procedures under §6 0.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation, and operatio n of the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS . (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for carbon monoxide is completed or is required to be completed under §60.2690, compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average ofPage 246 of 322

the hourly arithmetic average emission concentratio ns , including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, using continuous emission monitoring system CEMS outlet data. The Except for CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, the 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 perce nt oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rollin g average emission concentrations. CEMS data collected during startup or shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corre cted to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen co ntent. The 1- hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using t he data points required under §60.13(e)(2). (p) The owner/operator of an affected source with a bypass stack shall install, calibrate (to manufacturers’ specifications), maintain and operate a device or m ethod for measuring the use of the bypass stack including dat e, time and duration. (q) For energy recovery units with a design heat input capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do n ot use a carbon monoxide continuous emission monitoring system CEMS , you must install, operate , and maintain the continuous a oxygen monitoring analyzer system as defined in §60.2875 according to the procedures in paragraphs (q)(1) through (4) of this section by the compliance date specified in table
.Page 247 of 322

( 1 of this subpart. ) The oxygen level shall be monitored at the outlet of the energy recovery un it. analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date spec ified in §60.2675. (1) Each monitor must be installed, operated, and maintained according to the applicable procedures u nder performance specification 3 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance procedure 1 of appendix F of this part, the procedures under §60.13 and according to the site

- specific monitoring plan developed according to paragraph (l ) of this section. (2) During each relative accuracy test run of the continuous emission monitoring system required by p erformance specification 3 of appendix B of this part, oxygen data must be collected concurrently (or within a 30

- to 60

- minute period) by both the continuous emission monitor and the test m ethods specifie d in paragraphs (w)(3) of this section. (3) For oxygen, EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10

– 1981 (incorporated by reference, see §60.17), as applicable, must be used. (2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (q)(3) of this section at all times. (3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that th e 30-day rolling average that is established as the operatin g limit forPage 248 of 322

oxygen according to paragraph (q)(4) of this sectio n is not below the lowest hourly average oxygen concentratio n measured during the most recent CO performance test. (4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using Equation 19-19 in sectio n 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of this par t. The 1

- hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the da ta points required under §60.13(e)(2). § (r) For energy recovery units with annual average h eat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and wasteburning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintai n, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the syst em as specified in paragraphs (r)(1) through (8) of this section. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use P M CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS a re suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compli ance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubbe r pressure) (1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-s pecific monitoring plan developed in accordance with §60.27 10(l) and (r)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-stack or extractive light scatter, light scintil lation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation of the exhaust ga s orPage 249 of 322

representative sample. The reportable measurement o utput from the PM CPMS may be expressed as milliamps, stack co ncentration, or other raw data signal
. (ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., peri od required to complete sampling, measurement, and rep orting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes. (iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations of no greater than 0.5 mg/actual cubic meter. (2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compl iance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific ope rating limit in accordance with the results of the performance t est according to the procedures specified in §60.2675. (3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operatin g hours. Express the PM CPMS output as millamps, PM concentr ation, or other raw data signal value
. (4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected duri ng all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (e.g., milliamps, PM concentration, raw data signal ). (5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is o perating andPage 250 of 322

at the intervals specified in paragraph (r)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system ma lfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfuncti ons, required monitoring system quality assurance or quality cont rol activities (including, as applicable, calibration c hecks and required zero and span adjustments), and any schedu led maintenance as defined in your site-specific monito ring plan. (6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except: (i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring sy stem malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitor ing system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report a ny such periods in your annual deviation report); (ii) Any data collected during periods when the mon itoring system is out of control as specified in your site- specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods wh en the monitoring system is out of control, or required mo nitoring system quality assurance or quality control activit ies conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calcu lations (report emissions or operating levels and report an y such periods in your annual deviation report);Page 251 of 322

(iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of C EMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this sub part. (7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as th e dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessar y to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site- specific monitoring plan. (8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parame ter limit, you must: (i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually insp ect the air pollution control device; (ii) If inspection of the air pollution control dev ice identifies the cause of the deviation, take correct ive action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; and (iii) Within 45 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance w ith the PM emissions limit and to verify. or re
- establish the CPMS operating limit. Within 45 days of the deviation, you must reestablish the CPMS operating limit. You are not req uired to conduct additional testing for any deviations that occur betweenPage 252 of 322

the time of the original deviation and the PM emiss ions compliance test required under this paragraph. (iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four r equired performance tests in a 12-month process operating p eriod (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this su bpart. (s) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limits of this subpart, you must monitor the injection rate o f each sorbent and maintain the 3-hour block averages at o r above the operating limits established during the hydrogen ch loride performance test. (s) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the em ission limits of this subpart, you must monitor the inject ion rate of each sorbent and maintain the 3-hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the hydroge n chloride performance test. § 60.2735 Is there a minimum amount of monitoring dat a I must obtain? For each continuous monitoring system required or optionally allowed under §60.2730, you must monitor and collect data according to this section: (a) You must operate the monitoring system and coll ect data at all required intervals at all times compliance i s required except for periods of monitoring system malfunction s or out-ofcontrol periods, repairs associated with monitoring systemPage 253 of 322

malfunctions or out-of-control periods (as specifie d in §60.2770(o) of this part), and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities inc luding, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero an d span adjustments. A monitoring system malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of t he monitoring system to provide valid data. Monitoring system fai lures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. You are required to effect monito ring system repairs in response to monitoring system malfunctio ns or out-ofcontrol periods and to return the monitoring system to operation as expeditiously as practicable. (b) You may not use data recorded during the monito ring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monito ring system malfunctions or out-of control periods, or required monitoring system quality assurance or control activities in c alculations used to report emissions or operating levels. You m ust use all the data collected during all other periods in asse ssing the operation of the control device and associated cont rol system. (c) Except for periods of monitoring system malfunc tions or out-of-control periods, repairs associated with mon itoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality cont rol activities including, as applicable, calibration ch ecks andPage 254 of 322

required zero and span adjustments, failure to coll ect required data is a deviation of the monitoring requirements. § 60.2740 What records must I keep? You must maintain the items (as applicable) as spec ified in paragraphs (a), (b), and (e) through ( v w ) of this section for a period of at least 5 years: (a) Calendar date of each record. (b) Records of the data described in paragraphs (b) (1) through (6) of this section: (1) The CISWI unit charge dates, times, weights, an d hourly charge rates. (2) Liquor flow rate to the wet scrubber inlet ever y 15 minutes of operation, as applicable. (3) Pressure drop across the wet scrubber system ev ery 15 minutes of operation or amperage to the wet scrubbe r every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable. (4) Liquor pH as introduced to the wet scrubber eve ry 15 minutes of operation, as applicable. (5) For affected CISWI units that establish operati ng limits for controls other than wet scrubbers under §60.2675(d) through ( f g ) or §60.2680, you must maintain data collected for all operating parameters used to determine complian ce with the operating limits. For energy recovery units using activated carbon injection or a dry scrubber, you must also m aintainPage 255 of 322

records of the load fraction and corresponding sorb ent injection
rate records. (6) If a fabric filter is used to comply with the e mission limitations, you must record the date, time, and du ration of each alarm and the time corrective action was initi ated and completed, and a brief description of the cause of the alarm and the corrective action taken. You must also record t he percent of operating time during each 6-month period that the alarm sounds, calculated as specified in §60.2675(c). (c) [Reserved] (d) [Reserved] (e) Identification of calendar dates and times for which data show a deviation from the operating limits in table 3 of this subpart or a deviation from other operating li mits established under §60.2675(d) through ( f g ) or §60.2680 with a description of the deviations, reasons for such dev iations, and a description of corrective actions taken. (f) The results of the initial, annual, and any sub sequent performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission limits and/or to establish operating limit s, as applicable. Retain a copy of the complete test repo rt including calculations. (g) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operato rs who have completed review of the information in §60.266 0(a) asPage 256 of 322

required by §60.2660(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews. (h) Records showing the names of the CISWI operator s who have completed the operator training requirements u nder §60.2635, met the criteria for qualification under §60.2645, and maintained or renewed their qualification under §60 .2650 or §60.2655. Records must include documentation of tra ining, the dates of the initial and refresher training, and th e dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications. (i) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or p ager number at which they can be reached during operatin g hours. (j) Records of calibration of any monitoring device s as required under §60.2730. (k) Equipment vendor specifications and related ope ration and maintenance requirements for the incinerator, e mission controls, and monitoring equipment. (l) The information listed in §60.2660(a). (m) On a daily basis, keep a log of the quantity of waste burned and the types of waste burned (always requir ed). (n) Maintain records of the annual air pollution co ntrol device inspections that are required for each CISWI unit subject to the emissions limits in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart, any required maintenance and anyPage 257 of 322

repairs not completed within 10 days of an inspecti on or the timeframe established by the state regulatory agenc y. (o) For continuously monitored pollutants or parame ters, you must document and keep a record of the followin g parameters measured using continuous monitoring systems. (1) All 6-minute average levels of opacity. (2) All 1-hour average concentrations of sulfur dio xide emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown. (3) All 1-hour average concentrations of nitrogen o xides emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown. (4) All 1-hour average concentrations of carbon mon oxide emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown. (5) All 1-hour average concentrations of particulat e matter emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown. (6) All 1-hour average concentrations of mercury em issions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during s tartup and
shutdown. (7) All 1-hour average concentrations of hydrogen c hloride emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown.Page 258 of 322

(8) All 1-hour average percent oxygen concentration s. (9) All 1-hour average PM CPMS readings or particul ate matter continuous emissions monitor CEMS outputs. (p) Records indicating use of the bypass stack, inc luding dates, times and durations. (q) If you choose to stack test less frequently tha n annually, consistent with §60.2720(a) through (c), you must keep annual records that document that your emissions in the previous stack test(s) were less than 75 percent of the appl icable emission limit and document that there was no chang e in source operations including fuel composition and operation of air pollution control equipment that would cause emissi ons of the relevant pollutant to increase within the past year
. (r) Records of the occurrence and duration of each malfunction of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air pollution control and monitoring equipment. (s) Records of all required maintenance performed o n the air pollution control and monitoring equipment. (t) Records of actions taken during periods of malf unction to minimize emissions in accordance with §60.11(d), including corrective actions to restore malfunctioning proces s and air pollution control and monitoring equipment to its n ormal or usual manner of operation.Page 259 of 322

(u) For operating units that burn combust non-hazardous secondary materials other than traditional fuels as defined in §241.2, a description of each material burned, and that have been determined not to be solid waste pursuant to §241.3 (b)(1), you must keep a record which documents how each the secondary material that is not a traditional fuel meets each of the legitimacy criteria in under §241.3(d )(1 ). If you combust a material fuel that has been processed from a discarded nonhazardous secondary material pursuant to §241.3(b)( 4), you must keep records as to how the operations that produced the material satisfy fuel satisfies the definition of processing in §241.2
. and each of the legitimacy criteria in §241.3(d)(1) of this chapter. If the material fuel received a non-waste determination pursuant to the petition process submitted under §2 41.3(c), you must keep a copy of the non

- waste determination granted by

EPA. record that documents how the fuel satisfies the requirements of the petition process. For operating units that combust non-hazardous secondary materials as fuel p er §241.4, you must keep records documenting that the material is a listed non-waste under §241.4(a). (v) For operati ng units that burn tires, a certification that the shipments of tires that are non

- waste per 40 CFR 241.3(b)(2)(i), are part of an established tire col lection program, consistent with the definition of that ter m in §241.2.Page 260 of 322

The certification must document t hat the tires were not discarded and are handled as valuable commodities i n accordance with §241.3(b)(2)(i), from the point of removal fro m the automobile through arrival at the combustion facili ty. The certification must identify the entity the tires we re received from (for example, the name of the state or private collection program), the quantity, volume, or weight of tires received by you, and the dates received. The certification must be signed by the owner or operator of the combustion unit, or by a

r esponsible official of the established tire collect ion program, and must include the following certification of com pliance, “The tires from this tire collection program meet the EP A definition of an established tire collection program in §241” and state th e title or position of the person signing the certifi cation. You must also keep a record that identifies where on yo ur plant site the tires from each tire collection program are loc ated, and that accounts for all tires at the plant site. § (v) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a small power production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C . 796(17)(C)) and that the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneous. (w) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under section 3(18)(B) ofPage 261 of 322

the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)) and th at the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneou s. § 60.2745 Where and in what format must I keep my rec ords? All records must be available onsite in either pape r copy or computer-readable format that can be printed upo n request, unless an alternative format is approved by the Adm inistrator. § 60.2750 What reports must I submit? See table 5 of this subpart for a summary of the re porting requirements. § 60.2755 When must I submit my waste management pl an? You must submit the waste management plan no later than the date specified in table 1 of this subpart for submi ttal of the final control plan. § 60.2760 What information must I submit following my initial performance test? You must submit the information specified in paragr aphs (a) through (c) of this section no later than 60 days f ollowing the initial performance test. All reports must be signe d by the facilities manager. (a) The complete test report for the initial perfor mance test results obtained under §60.2700, as applicable
. (b) The values for the site-specific operating limi ts established in §60.2675 or §60.2680.Page 262 of 322

(c) If you are using a fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, documentation that a bag leak detection system has been installed and is being operated, ca librated, and maintained as required by §60.2730(b). § 60.2765 When must I submit my annual report? You must submit an annual report no later than 12 m onths following the submission of the information in §60. 2760. You must submit subsequent reports no more than 12 mont hs following the previous report. (If the unit is subject to per mitting requirements under title V of the Clean Air Act, yo u may be required by the permit to submit these reports more frequently.) § 60.2770 What information must I include in my ann ual report? The annual report required under §60.2765 must incl ude the ten items listed in paragraphs (a) through (j) of t his section. If you have a deviation from the operating limits o r the emission limitations, you must also submit deviatio n reports as specified in §§60.2775, 60.2780, and 60.2785. (a) Company name and address. (b) Statement by a responsible official, with that official's name, title, and signature, certifying t he accuracy of the content of the report. (c) Date of report and beginning and ending dates o f the reporting period.Page 263 of 322

(d) The values for the operating limits established pursuant to §60.2675 or §60.2680. (e) If no deviation from any emission limitation or operating limit that applies to you has been report ed, a statement that there was no deviation from the emis sion limitations or operating limits during the reportin g period. (f) The highest recorded 3-hour average and the low est recorded 3-hour average, as applicable, for each op erating parameter recorded for the calendar year being repo rted. (g) Information recorded under §60.2740(b)(6) and ( c) through (e) for the calendar year being reported. (h) If a performance test was conducted during the reporting period, the results of that test. (i) If you met the requirements of §60.2720(a) or ( b), and did not conduct a performance test during the repor ting period, you must state that you met the requirements of §60 .2720(a) or (b), and, therefore, you were not required to condu ct a performance test during the reporting period. (j) Documentation of periods when all qualified CIS WI unit operators were unavailable for more than 8 hours, b ut less than 2 weeks. (k) If you had a malfunction during the reporting p eriod, the compliance report must include the number, dura tion, and a brief description for each type of malfunction that occurredPage 264 of 322

during the reporting period and that caused or may have caused any applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. The report must also include a description of actions taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with §60.11(d), including a ctions taken to correct a malfunction. (l) For each deviation from an emission or operatin g limitation that occurs for a CISWI unit for which y ou are not using a CMS to comply with the emission or operatin g limitations in this subpart, the annual report must contain the following information. (1) The total operating time of the CISWI unit at w hich the deviation occurred during the reporting period. (2) Information on the number, duration, and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable) , as applicable, and the corrective action taken. (m) If there were periods during which the continuo us monitoring system, including the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS , was out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, the annual report must contain the fo llowing information for each deviation from an emission or operating limitation occurring for a CISWI unit for which you are using a continuous monitoring system to comply with the emi ssion and operating limitations in this subpart.Page 265 of 322

(1) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped. (2) The date, time, and duration that each CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-l evel checks. (3) The date, time, and duration that each continuo us monitoring system was out-of-control, including sta rt and end dates and hours and descriptions of corrective acti ons taken. (4) The date and time that each deviation started a nd stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of malfunction or during another period. (5) A summary of the total duration of the deviatio n during the reporting period, and the total duration as a p ercent of the total source operating time during that reporting p eriod. (6) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviat ions during the reporting period into those that are due to control equipment problems, process problems, other known c auses, and
other unknown causes. (7) A summary of the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime during the reporting per iod, and the total duration of continuous monitoring system down time as a percent of the total operating time of the CISWI un it at which the continuous monitoring system downtime occurred during that reporting period.Page 266 of 322

(8) An identification of each parameter and polluta nt that was monitored at the CISWI unit. (9) A brief description of the CISWI unit. (10) A brief description of the continuous monitori ng system. (11) The date of the latest continuous monitoring s ystem certification or audit. (12) A description of any changes in continuous mon itoring system, processes, or controls since the last repor ting period. (n) If there were periods during which the continuo us monitoring system, including the continuous emission monitoring system CEMS , was not out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, a statement that there were not pe riods during which the continuous monitoring system was out of c ontrol during the reporting period. (o) A continuous monitoring system is out of contro l if any of the following occur. (1) The zero (low-level), mid-level (if applicable) , or high-level calibration drift exceeds two times the applicable calibration drift specification in the applicable p erformance specification or in the relevant standard. (2) The continuous monitoring system fails a perfor mance test audit (e.g., cylinder gas audit), relative acc uracy audit, relative accuracy test audit, or linearity test aud it.Page 267 of 322

(3) The continuous opacity monitoring system calibr ation drift exceeds two times the limit in the applicable performance specification in the relevant standard. § (p) For energy recovery units, include the annual h eat input and average annual heat input rate of all fue ls being burned in the unit to verify which subcategory of e nergy recovery unit applies. § 60.2775 What else must I report if I have a deviati on from the operating limits or the emission limitations? (a) You must submit a deviation report if any recor ded 3- hour average parameter level is above the maximum o perating limit or below the minimum operating limit establis hed under this subpart, if the bag leak detection system alar m sounds for more than 5 percent of the operating time for the 6 -month reporting period, or if a performance test was cond ucted that deviated from any emission limitation. (b) The deviation report must be submitted by Augus t 1 of that year for data collected during the first half of the calendar year (January 1 to June 30), and by Februa ry 1 of the following year for data you collected during the se cond half of the calendar year (July 1 to December 31). § 60.2780 What must I include in the deviation report? In each report required under §60.2775, for any pol lutant or parameter that deviated from the emission limita tions orPage 268 of 322

operating limits specified in this subpart, include the six items described in paragraphs (a) through (f) of th is section. (a) The calendar dates and times your unit deviated from the emission limitations or operating limit require ments. (b) The averaged and recorded data for those dates. (c) Duration and causes of the following: (1) Each deviation from emission limitations or ope rating limits and your corrective actions. (2) Bypass events and your corrective actions. (d) A copy of the operating limit monitoring data d uring each deviation and any test report that documents t he emission
levels. § 60.2785 What else must I report if I have a devia tion from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible ? (a) If all qualified operators are not accessible f or 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions in par agraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Submit a notification of the deviation within 1 0 days that includes the three items in paragraphs (a)(1)( i) through (iii) of this section. (i) A statement of what caused the deviation. (ii) A description of what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible.Page 269 of 322

(iii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be available. (2) Submit a status report to the Administrator eve ry 4 weeks that includes the three items in paragraphs ( a)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) A description of what you are doing to ensure t hat a qualified operator is accessible. (ii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible. (iii) Request approval from the Administrator to co ntinue operation of the CISWI unit. (b) If your unit was shut down by the Administrator , under the provisions of §60.2665(b)(2), due to a failure to provide an accessible qualified operator, you must notify the Administrator that you are resuming operation once a qualified op erator is accessible. § 60.2790 Are there any other notifications or repo rts that I must submit? (a) Yes. You must submit notifications as provided by §60.7. (b) If you cease combusting solid waste but continu e to operate, you must provide 30 days prior notice of t he effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch, consistent with § 60.2710(a). The notification must identify:Page 270 of 322

(1) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) t hat will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the noti ce; (2) The currently applicable subcategory under this subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcate gory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste; (3) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid wa ste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has comb usted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste mat erials the unit will commence combusting; (4) The date on which you became subject to the cur rently applicable emission limits; (5) The date upon which you will cease combusting s olid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effect ive date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragrap hs (b)(2) and (3) of this section. § 60.2795 In what form can I submit my reports? (a) Submit initial, annual , and deviation reports electronically or in paper format, postmarked on or before the submittal due dates. (b) After December 31, 2011, within 60 days after t he date of compl eting each performance evaluation or performance test, as they are defined in §63.2 , conducted to demonstratePage 271 of 322

compliance with this subpart, the owner or operator of the affected facility must submit the relative accuracy test audit
data and performance test data, except opacity data, to EPA by successfully submitting the data electronically to EPA’s Central Data Exchange (CDX) by using the Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) ( see http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/ert_tool.html/ )
. § (b) Submit results of performance tests and CEMS performance evaluation tests as follows. (1) Within 60 days after the date of completing eac h performance test as required by this subpart, you m ust submit the results of the performance tests required by th is subpart to EPA’s WebFIRE database by using the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI) that is accessed t hrough EPA’s Central Data Exchange (CDX)(www.epa.gov/cdx). Perfo rmance test data must be submitted in the file format generated through use of EPA’s Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) (see http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/index.html). Only data collected using test methods on the ERT website are subject to this requirement for submitting reports electronica lly to WebFIRE. Owners or operators who claim that some of the information being submitted for performance tests i s confidential business information (CBI) must submit a complete ERT file including information claimed to be CBI on a compact disk, flash drive, or other commonly used electroni c storagePage 272 of 322

media to EPA. The electronic media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAPQS/CORE CBI Office, Atten tion: WebFIRE Administrator, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durha m, NC 27703. The same ERT file with the CBI omitted must be subm itted to EPA via CDX as described earlier in this paragraph. At the discretion of the delegated authority, you must als o submit these reports, including the confidential business information, to the delegated authority in the format specified by the delegated authority. For any performance test condu cted using test methods that are not listed on the ERT website , the owner or operator shall submit the results of the perform ance test in paper submissions to the Administrator. (2) Within 60 days after the date of completing eac h CEMS performance evaluation test, as defined in this sub part and required by this subpart, you must submit the relat ive accuracy test audit (RATA) data electronically into EPA’s Ce ntral Data Exchange by using CEDRI as mentioned in paragraph ( b)(1) of this section. Only RATA pollutants that can be documente d with the ERT (as listed on the ERT website) are subject to t his requirement. For any performance evaluations with n o corresponding RATA pollutants listed on the ERT web site, the owner or operator shall submit the results of the p erformance evaluation in paper submissions to the Administrato r. § 60.2800 Can reporting dates be changed?Page 273 of 322

If the Administrator agrees, you may change the sem iannual or annual reporting dates. See §60.19(c) for proced ures to seek approval to change your reporting date. Model Rule—Title V Operating Permits § 60.2805 Am I required to apply for and obtain a t itle V operating permit for my unit? Yes. Each CISWI unit and air curtain incinerator su bject to standards under this subpart must operate pursuant to a permit issued under Clean Air Act sections 129(e) and Titl e V . .. Model Rule—Air Curtain Incinerators § 60.2810 What is an air curtain incinerator? (a) An air curtain incinerator operates by forceful ly projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or open pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this ty pe can be constructed above or below ground and with or witho ut refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerators are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices with enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mas s burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.) (b) Air curtain incinerators that burn only the mat erials listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this sec tion are only required to meet the requirements under “Air Curtai n Incinerators” (§§60.2810 through 60.2870). (1) 100 percent wood waste.Page 274 of 322

(2) 100 percent clean lumber. (3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean l umber, and/or yard waste. § 60.2815 What are my requirements for meeting incr ements of progress and achieving final compliance? If you plan to achieve compliance more than 1 year following the effective date of State plan approval , you must meet the two increments of progress specified in pa ragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Submit a final control plan. (b) Achieve final compliance. § 60.2820 When must I complete each increment of pr ogress? Table 1 of this subpart specifies compliance dates for each of the increments of progress. § 60.2825 What must I include in the notifications of achievement of increments of progress? Your notification of achievement of increments of p rogress must include the three items described in paragraph s (a) through (c) of this section. (a) Notification that the increment of progress has been achieved. (b) Any items required to be submitted with each in crement of progress (see §60.2840). (c) Signature of the owner or operator of the incin erator.Page 275 of 322

§ 60.2830 When must I submit the notifications of a chievement of increments of progress? Notifications for achieving increments of progress must be postmarked no later than 10 business days after the compliance date for the increment. § 60.2835 What if I do not meet an increment of pro gress? If you fail to meet an increment of progress, you m ust submit a notification to the Administrator postmark ed within 10 business days after the date for that increment of progress in table 1 of this subpart. You must inform the Admini strator that you did not meet the increment, and you must contin ue to submit reports each subsequent calendar month until the in crement of progress is met. § 60.2840 How do I comply with the increment of pro gress for submittal of a control plan? For your control plan increment of progress, you mu st satisfy the two requirements specified in paragraph s (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Submit the final control plan, including a desc ription of any devices for air pollution control and any pr ocess changes that you will use to comply with the emission limit ations and other requirements of this subpart. (b) Maintain an onsite copy of the final control pl an.Page 276 of 322

§ 60.2845 How do I comply with the increment of pro gress for achieving final compliance? For the final compliance increment of progress, you must complete all process changes and retrofit construct ion of control devices, as specified in the final control plan, so that, if the affected incinerator is brought online , all necessary process changes and air pollution control devices would operate as designed. § 60.2850 What must I do if I close my air curtain incinerator and then restart it? (a) If you close your incinerator but will reopen i t prior to the final compliance date in your State plan, yo u must meet the increments of progress specified in §60.2815. (b) If you close your incinerator but will restart it after your final compliance date, you must complete emiss ion control retrofits and meet the emission limitations on the date your incinerator restarts operation. § 60.2855 What must I do if I plan to permanently c lose my air curtain incinerator and not restart it? If you plan to close your incinerator rather than c omply with the State plan, submit a closure notification, including the date of closure, to the Administrator by the da te your final control plan is due.Page 277 of 322

§ 60.2860 What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators? After the date the initial stack test is required o r completed (whichever is earlier), you must meet the limitations in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 10 pe rcent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-ho ur blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values), except as described in paragraph (b) of this section. (b) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 35 pe rcent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-ho ur blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) during the startup period that is within the first 30 minutes of operation. § 60.2865 How must I monitor opacity for air curtai n incinerators? (a) Use Method 9 of appendix A of this part to dete rmine compliance with the opacity limitation. (b) Conduct an initial test for opacity as specifie d in §60.8 no later than 180 days after your final compl iance date. (c) After the initial test for opacity, conduct ann ual tests no more than 12 calendar months following the date of your previous test. § 60.2870 What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators?Page 278 of 322

(a) Keep records of results of all initial and annu al opacity tests onsite in either paper copy or electr onic format, unless the Administrator approves another format, f or at least 5

years. (b) Make all records available for submittal to the Administrator or for an inspector's onsite review. (c) Submit an initial report no later than 60 days following the initial opacity test that includes th e information specified in paragraphs (c) (1) and (2) of this sec tion. (1) The types of materials you plan to combust in y our air curtain incinerator. (2) The results (as determined by the average of th ree 1- hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opac ity values) of the initial opacity tests. (d) Submit annual opacity test results within 12 mo nths following the previous report. (e) Submit initial and annual opacity test reports as electronic or paper copy on or before the applicabl e submittal date and keep a copy onsite for a period of 5 years
. Model Rule—Definitions § 60.2875 What definitions must I know? Terms used but not defined in this subpart are defi ned in the Clean Air Act and subparts A and B of this part
.Page 279 of 322

30-day rolling average means the arithmetic mean of the previous 720 hours of valid operating data. Valid d ata excludes periods when this unit is not operating. The 720 ho urs should be consecutive, but not necessarily continuous if oper ations are intermittent. Administrator means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or his/her authoriz ed representative or Administrator of a State Air Poll ution Control Agency. Affirmative defense means, in the context of an enforcement proceeding, a response or defense put forward by a defendant, regarding which the defendant has the burden of pro of, and the merits of which are independently and objectively e valuated in a judicial or administrative proceeding. Air curtain incinerator means an incinerator that operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or wi thout refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerato rs are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices wi th enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mas s burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.) Annual heat input means the heat input for the 12 m onths preceding the compliance demonstration.Page 280 of 322

Auxiliary fuel means natural gas, liquified petroleum gas, fuel oil, or diesel fuel. Average annual heat input rate means annual heat in put divided by the hours of operation for the 12 months preceding the compliance demonstration. Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is capable of monitoring particulate matter loadings i n the exhaust of a fabric filter (i.e., baghouse) in order to det ect bag failures. A bag leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboele ctric, light scattering, light transmittance, or other principle to monitor relative particulate matter loadings.
Burn-off oven means any rack reclamation unit, part reclamation unit, or drum reclamation unit. A burn- off oven is not an incinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy r ecovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Bypass stack means a device used for discharging combustion gases to avoid severe damage to the air pollution c ontrol device or other equipment. Calendar quarter means three consecutive months (nonoverlapping) beginning on: January 1, April 1, July 1, or October 1. Calendar year means 365 consecutive days starting on January 1 and ending on December 31.Page 281 of 322

CEMS data during startup and shutdown means the fol lowing: (1) For incinerators, small remote incinerators, an d energy recovery units: CEMS data collected during the firs t hours of operation of a CISWI unit startup from a cold start until waste is fed into the unit and the hours of operation fol lowing the cessation of waste material being fed to the CISWI unit during a unit shutdown. For each startup event, the length o f time that CEMS data may be claimed as being CEMS data during startup must be 48 operating hours or less. For each shutdown ev ent, the length of time that CEMS data may be claimed as bei ng CEMS data during shutdown must be 24 operating hours or less. (2) For waste-burning kilns: CEMS data collected du ring the periods of kiln operation that do not include norma l operations. Startup begins when the kiln’s induced fan is turne d on and continues until continuous feed is introduced into the kiln, at which time the kiln is in normal operating mode. Sh utdown begins when feed to the kiln is halted. Chemical recovery unit means combustion units burning materials to recover chemical constituents or to pr oduce chemical compounds where there is an existing comme rcial market for such recovered chemical constituents or compoun ds. A chemical recovery unit is not an incinerator, a was te-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote in cineratorPage 282 of 322

under this subpart. The following seven types of units are considered chemical recovery units: (1) Units burning only pulping liquors (i.e., black liquor) that are reclaimed in a pulping liquor recovery pro cess and reused in the pulping process. (2) Units burning only spent sulfuric acid used to produce virgin sulfuric acid. (3) Units burning only wood or coal feedstock for t he production of charcoal. (4) Units burning only manufacturing byproduct streams/residue containing catalyst metals that are reclaimed and reused as catalysts or used to produce commerci al grade catalysts. (5) Units burning only coke to produce purified car bon monoxide that is used as an intermediate in the pro duction of other chemical compounds. (6) Units burning only hydrocarbon liquids or solid s to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, synthesis gas, o r other gases for use in other manufacturing processes. (7) Units burning only photographic film to recover silver. Chemotherapeutic waste means waste material resulting from the production or use of antineoplastic agents used for the purpose of stopping or reversing the growth of mali gnant cells.Page 283 of 322

Clean lumber means wood or wood products that have been cut or shaped and include wet, air-dried, and kiln-drie d wood products. Clean lumber does not include wood produc ts that have been painted, pigment-stained, or pressure-treated by compounds such as chromate copper arsenate, pentachlorophenol , and

creosote. Commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) unit means any distinct operating unit of any commercia l or industrial facility that combusts, or has combusted in the preceding 6 months, any solid waste as that term is defined in 40 CFR part 241. If the operating unit burns materi als other than traditional fuels as defined in §241.2 that ha ve been discarded, and you do not keep and produce records as required by §60.2740(u), the material is a solid waste and the operating unit is a CISWI unit. While not all CISWI units wil l include all of the following components, a CISWI unit includes, but is not limited to, the solid waste feed system, grate syst em, flue gas system, waste heat recovery equipment, if any, and bottom ash system. The CISWI unit does not include air polluti on control equipment or the stack. The CISWI unit boundary sta rts at the solid waste hopper (if applicable) and extends thro ugh two areas: the combustion unit flue gas system, which e nds immediately after the last combustion chamber or af ter the waste heat recovery equipment, if any; and the combustion unit bottomPage 284 of 322

ash system, which ends at the truck loading station or similar equipment that transfers the ash to final disposal. The CISWI unit includes all ash handling systems connected to the bottom ash handling system. Contained gaseous material means gases that are in a container when that container is combusted. Continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) means the total equipment that may be required to meet the da ta acquisition and availability requirements of this s ubpart, used to sample, condition (if applicable), analyze, and provide a record of emissions. Continuous monitoring system (CMS) means the total equipment, required under the emission monitoring s ections in applicable subparts, used to sample and condition ( if applicable), to analyze, and to provide a permanent record of emissions or process parameters. A particulate matter continuous parameter monitoring system (PM CPMS) is a type of CMS. Cyclonic burn barrel burner means a combustion device for waste materials that is attached to a 55 gallon, op en-head drum. The device consists of a lid, which fits onto and e ncloses the drum, and a blower that forces combustion air into the drum in a cyclonic manner to enhance the mixing of waste mate rial and air. A cyclonic burn barrel is not an incinerator, a waste-burningPage 285 of 322

kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote in cinerator under this subpart. Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a

source: (1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation est ablished by this subpart, including but not limited to any e mission limitation, operating limit, or operator qualificat ion and accessibility requirements. (2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is ado pted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected s ource required to obtain such a permit. Dioxins/furans means tetra-through octa-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. Discard means, for purposes of this subpart and 40 CFR par t 60, subpart DDDD, only, burned in an incineration u nit without

energy recovery. Drum reclamation unit means a unit that burns residues out of drums (e.g., 55 gallon drums) so that the drums can be
reused. Dry scrubber means an add-on air pollution control system that injects dry alkaline sorbent (dry injection) o r sprays an alkaline sorbent (spray dryer) to react with and ne utralize acidPage 286 of 322

gas in the exhaust stream forming a dry powder mate rial. Sorbent injection systems in fluidized bed boilers and proc ess heaters are included in this definition. A dry scrubber is a dry control system. Energy recovery means the process of recovering thermal energy from combustion for useful purposes such as steam generation or process heating. Energy recovery unit means a combustion unit combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Admini s trator under Resource Conservation and Recovery Act in 40 CFR 240 241 ) for energy recovery. Energy recovery units include unit s that would be considered boilers and process heaters if they d id not combust solid waste. Energy recovery unit designed to burn biomass (Biom ass) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid wast e and at least 10 percent , biomass, and non-coal solid materials but less than 10 percent coal, on a heat input basis on an a nnual average, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid fuel or gaseous fuels. Energy recovery unit designed to burn coal (Coal) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid waste and at least 10 percent coal on a heat input basis on an annual ave rage, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid f uel or gaseous fuels.Page 287 of 322

Energy recovery unit designed to burn liquid waste material materials and gas (Liquid/gas) means an energy recovery unit that burns a liquid waste with liquid or gaseo us fuels not combined with any solid fuel or waste materials. Energy recovery unit designed to burn solid materia ls (Solids) includes energy recovery units designed to burn co al and energy recovery units designed to burn biomass. Fabric filter means an add-on air pollution control device used to capture particulate matter by filtering gas streams through filter media, also known as a baghouse. Homogeneous wastes are stable, consistent i n formulation, have known fuel properties, have a defined origin, have predictable chemical and physical attributes, and r esult in consistent combustion characteristics and have a co nsistent emissions profile. Foundry sand thermal reclamation unit means a type of part reclamation unit that removes coatings that are on foundry sand. A foundry sand thermal reclamation unit is not an i ncinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a sm all, remote incinerator under this subpart. Incinerator means any furnace used in the process of combusting solid waste (as the that term is defined by the Administrator under Resource Conservation and Recov ery Act in 40
CFR 240 241 ) for the purpose of reducing the volume of the was tePage 288 of 322

by removing combustible matter. Incinerator designs include single chamber and two-chamber. Kiln means an oven or furnace, including any associated preheater or precalciner devices, used for processi ng a substance by burning, firing or drying. Kilns inclu de cement kilns that produce clinker by heating limestone and other materials for subsequent production of Portland Cem ent. Laboratory analysis unit means units that burn samples of materials for the purpose of chemical or physical a nalysis. A laboratory analysis unit is not an incinerator, was te-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote in cinerator under this subpart. Load fraction means the actual heat input of an ene rgy recovery unit divided by heat input during the perf ormance test that established the minimum sorbent injection rate or minimum activated carbon injection rate, expressed as a fra ction (e.g., for 50 percent load the load fraction is 0.5). Low-level radioactive waste means waste material which contains radioactive nuclides emitting primarily be ta or gamma radiation, or both, in concentrations or quantities that exceed applicable Federal or State standards for unrestric ted release. Low-level radioactive waste is not high-level radio active waste, spent nuclear fuel, or by-product material as defin ed by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014(e)(2)).Page 289 of 322

Malfunction means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution con trol equipment, process equipment, or a process to opera te in a normal or usual manner. Failures that are caused, i n part, by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malf unctions. Minimum voltage or amperage means 90 percent of the lowest test-run average voltage or amperage to the electro static precipitator measured from the pressure drop and li quid flow rate monitors during the most recent particulate ma tter or mercury performance test demonstrating compliance w ith the applicable emission limits. Modification or modified CISWI unit means a CISWI unit that has been changed later than June 1, 2001, [THE DATE SIX MONTHS
AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ], and that meets one of two criteria: (1) The cumulative cost of the changes over the lif e of the unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of bui lding and installing the CISWI unit (not including the cost o f land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To dete rmine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit u sed to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit. (2) Any physical change in the CISWI unit or change in the method of operating it that increases the amount of any airPage 290 of 322

pollutant emitted for which Clean Air Act section 129 or section
111 of the Clean Air Act has established standards. Municipal solid waste or municipal-type solid waste means household, commercial/retail, or institutional wast e. Household waste includes material discarded by residential dw ellings, hotels, motels, and other similar permanent or temp orary housing. Commercial/retail waste includes material discarded by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, nonmanufa cturing activities at industrial facilities, and other simi lar establishments or facilities. Institutional waste i ncludes materials discarded by schools, by hospitals (nonme dical), by nonmanufacturing activities at prisons and governme nt facilities, and other similar establishments or fac ilities. Household, commercial/retail, and institutional was te does include yard waste and refuse-derived fuel. Househo ld, commercial/retail, and institutional waste does not include used oil; sewage sludge; wood pallets; construction, ren ovation, and demolition wastes (which include railroad ties and telephone poles); clean wood; industrial process or manufactu ring wastes; medical waste; or motor vehicles (including motor v ehicle parts or vehicle fluff). Opacity means the degree to which emissions reduce the transmission of light and obscure the view of an ob ject in the background.Page 291 of 322

Operating day means a 24-hour period between 12:00 midnight and the following midnight during which any amount of solid waste is combusted at any time in the CISWI unit. Oxygen analyzer system means all equipment required to determine the oxygen content of a gas stream and us ed to monitor oxygen in the boiler or process heater flue gas, bo iler/process hwar, firebox, or other appropriate location. This definition includes oxygen trim systems and certified oxygen C EMS. The source owner or operator is responsible to install, calibrate, maintain, and operate the oxygen analyzer system in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Oxygen trim system means a system of monitors that is used to maintain excess air at the desired level in a co mbustion device. A typical system consists of a flue gas oxy gen and/or carbon monoxide monitor that automatically provides a feedback signal to the combustion air controller. Part reclamation unit means a unit that burns coatings off parts (e.g., tools, equipment) so that the parts ca n be reconditioned and reused. Particulate matter means total particulate matter emitted from CISWI units as measured by Method 5 or Method 29 of appendix A of this part. Pathological waste means waste material consisting of only human or animal remains, anatomical parts, and/or t issue, thePage 292 of 322

bags/containers used to collect and transport the w aste material, and animal bedding (if applicable). Performance evaluation means the conduct of relative accuracy testing, calibration error testing, and ot her measurements used in validating the continuous moni toring system
data.
Performance test means the collection of data resulting from the execution of a test method (usually three emission test runs) used to demonstrate compliance with a relevan t emission standard as specified in the performance test secti on of the relevant standard. Process change means a significant permit revision, but only with respec t any of the following physical or operational changes: (1) A physical change (maintenance activities excluded) to those the CISWI unit which results in an may increase of the emission rate of any air pollutant

- specific emission units for

to which a standard applies; (2) An operational change to the proposed permit revision CISWI unit w hich results in an increase of the emission rate of any air pollutant to which the standard app lies (e.g. where a new type of non-hazardous secondary materia l is applicable, inc luding but not limited to a change in being combusted) ;Page 293 of 322

(3) A physical change (maintenance activities exclu ded) to the air pollution control devices used to comply wi th the emission limits for the CISWI unit (e.g., replacing an electrostatic precipitator with a fabric filter); (4) An operational change to the air pollution control devices used to comply with the emission limits for the affected CISWI unit (e.g., change in the sorbent injection rate used for activated carbon injection). Rack reclamation unit means a unit that burns the coatings off racks used to hold small items for application of a coating. The unit burns the coating overspray off the rack s o the rack can be reused. Raw mill means a ball and or tube mill, vertical roller mill or other size reduction equipment, that is not part of an inline kiln/raw mill, used to grind feed to the appro priate size. Moisture may be added or removed from the feed duri ng the grinding operation. If the raw mill is used to remo ve moisture from feed materials, it is also, by definition, a r aw material dryer. The raw mill also includes the air separator associated with the raw mill. Reconstruction means rebuilding a CISWI unit and meeting two criteria: (1) The reconstruction begins on or after June 1, 2 001.Page 294 of 322

(2) The cumulative cost of the construction over th e life of the incineration unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not incl uding land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To dete rmine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit u sed to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit. Refuse-derived fuel means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing municipal solid waste throug h shredding and size classification. This includes all classes of refusederived fuel including two fuels: (1) Low-density fluff refuse-derived fuel through d ensified refuse-derived fuel. (2) Pelletized refuse-derived fuel. Responsible official means one of the following: (1) For a corporation: a president, secretary, trea surer, or vice-president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corpora tion, or a duly authorized representative of such person if th e representative is responsible for the overall opera tion of one or more manufacturing, production, or operating fac ilities applying for or subject to a permit and either:Page 295 of 322

(i) The facilities employ more than 250 persons or have gross annual sales or expenditures exceeding $25 mi llion (in second quarter 1980 dollars); or (ii) The delegation of authority to such representa tives is approved in advance by the permitting authority; (2) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: a gen eral partner or the proprietor, respectively; (3) For a municipality, State, Federal, or other pu blic agency: Either a principal executive officer or ran king elected official. For the purposes of this part, a principa l executive officer of a Federal agency includes the chief exec utive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency (e.g., a Regional Adm inistrator of EPA); or (4) For affected facilities: (i) The designated representative in so far as acti ons, standards, requirements, or prohibitions under Titl e IV of the Clean Air Act or the regulations promulgated thereu nder are concerned; or (ii) The designated representative for any other pu rposes under part 60. Shutdown means the period of time after all waste has been combusted in the primary chamber.Page 296 of 322

Small, remote incinerator means an incinerator that combusts solid waste (as that term is defined by th e Administrator under RCRA in 40 CFR 240 241 ) and combusts 3 tons per day or less solid waste and is more than 25 mil es driving distance to the nearest municipal solid waste landf ill. Soil treatment unit means a unit that thermally treats petroleum–contaminated soils for the sole purpose o f site remediation. A soil treat e ment unit may be direct-fired or indirect fired. A soil treatment unit is not an inc inerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a sm all, remote incinerator under this subpart. Solid waste means the term solid waste as defined i n 40 CFR 241.2. Solid waste incineration unit means a distinct operating unit of any facility which combusts any solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act in 40 CFR part 240) waste 241) material from commercial or industrial establishmen ts or the general public (including single and multiple resid ences, hotels and motels). Such term does not include incinerator s or other units required to have a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. The term "solid waste incinerat ion unit" does not include ( A) materials 1) Materials recovery facilities (including primary or secondary smelters) which com bust wastePage 297 of 322

for the primary purpose of recovering metals , (B) qualifying ; (2) Qualifying small power production facilities, as defined in section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C
. 769(17)(C)), or qualifying cogeneration facilities, as defined in section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U. S.C. 796(18)(B)), which burn homogeneous waste (such as units which burn tires or used oil, but not including refuse-de rived fuel) for the production of electric energy or in the cas e of qualifying cogeneration facilities which burn homog eneous waste for the production of electric energy and steam or forms of useful energy (such as heat) which are used for ind ustrial, commercial, heating or cooling purposes , ; or ( C) air 3) Air curtain incinerators provided that such incinerator s only burn wood wastes, yard wastes and clean lumber and that such air curtain incinerators comply with opacity limitation s to be established by the Administrator by rule. Space heater means a usually portable appliance for heating unit that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 279.23. A space heater is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a relatively small area , remote incinerator under this subpart
. Standard conditions , when referring to units of measure, means a temperature of 68 °F (20 °C) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kilopascals).Page 298 of 322

Startup period means the period of time between the activation of the system and the first charge to th e unit. Waste-burning kiln means a kiln that is heated, in whole or in part, by combusting solid waste (as the term is defined by the Administrator under t he Resource Conservation and Recovery Act pursuant to 40 CFR 240). in 40 CFR part 241). Secondary materials used in Portland cement kilns shall not b e deemed to be combusted unless they are introduced into the fl ame zone in the hot end of the kiln or mixed with the precalcin er fuel.
Wet scrubber means an add-on air pollution control device
that utilizes uses an aqueous or alkaline scrubbing liquor to collect particulate matter (including nonvaporous m etals and condensed organics) and/or to absorb and neutralize acid gases.
Wood waste means untreated wood and untreated wood products, including tree stumps (whole or chipped), trees, tree limbs (whole or chipped), bark, sawdust, chips, scr aps, slabs, millings, and shavings. Wood waste does not include : (1) Grass, grass clippings, bushes, shrubs, and cli ppings from bushes and shrubs from residential, commercial /retail, institutional, or industrial sources as part of mai ntaining yards or other private or public lands. (2) Construction, renovation, or demolition wastes. (3) Clean lumber.Page 299 of 322

Table 1 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Incre ments of Progress and Compliance Schedules Comply with these increments of

progress By these dates a Increment 1—Submit final control plan (Dates to be specified in state plan) Increment 2—Final compliance (Dates to be specified in state plan) b

a Site a Site -specific schedules can be used at the discretion o f the state. b The b The date can be no later than 3 years after the effect ive date of state plan approval or December 1, 2005 for CISWI units that commenced construction on or before November 3 0, 1999. The date can be no later than 3 years after the effecti ve date of approval of a revised state plan or [THE DATE 5 YEA RS AFTER THE DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ] for CISWI units that commenced construction on or b efore June 4, 2010. For small remote incinerators, the date can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a revised state plan or March 21, 2016 for small remote incin erator CISWI units that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010. Table 2 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Emiss ion Limitations That Apply To Incinerators Before [Date to be specified in state plan] b

.

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Cadmium 0.004

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 29 of appendix A of this part)

Carbon monoxide 157 parts

per million by dry volume 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 10, 10A, or 10B, of appendix A of this part)Page 300 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency basis) 0.41

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 23 of appendix A of this part)
Hydrogen chloride 6 2 parts per

million by dry volume 3-run average

(For Method 26, collect a minimum volume of 60 120 liters per run. For Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test (Method 26 or 26A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8)

Lead 0.04

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 29 of appendix A of this part)
Mercury 0.47

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8) or ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) c Opacity 10 percent Three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values Performance test (Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 ) ).

Oxides of nitrogen 388 parts

per million by dry volume 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Methods 7or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 ). Use a span gas with a concentration of 800 ppm or less. ).Page 301 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation a Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Particulate matter 70

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 5 or 29 of appendix A of this part)

Sulfur dioxide 20 parts per

million by dry volume 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 6 or 6c of appendix A of this part)

a All a All emission limitations (except for opacity) are meas ured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditio ns. b The b Applies only to incinerators subject to the CISWI standards through a state plan or the Federal plan prior to June 4, 2010. The date specified in the state plan can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of approval o f a revised state plan or [THE DATE 5 YEARS AFTER PUBLICATION O F THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]. c Incorporated by reference, see §60.17.Page 302 of 322

Table 3 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Opera ting Limits for Wet Scrubbers

For these operating parameters You must

establish these operating limits And monitor using these minimum frequencies
Data measurement Data

recording Averaging time Charge rate Maximum

charge rate Continuous Every hour Daily (batch

units). 3-hour rolling (continuous and intermittent units)a Pressure drop across the wet scrubber or amperage to wet scrubber Minimum

pressure drop or amperage Continuous Every 15 minutes 3-hour rollinga

Scrubber liquor flow rate Minimum

flow rate Continuous Every 15 minutes 3-hour rolling a

Scrubber liquor pH Minimum pH Continuous Every 15 minutes 3-hour rolling a

a Calculated each hour as the average of the previous 3 operating hours. Table 4 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Toxic Equivalency Factors
Dioxin/furan isomer Toxic equivalency factor 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin 11,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzo-pdioxin 0.51,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-pdioxin 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzo-pdioxin 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-pdioxin 0.1 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzo-p- 0.01Page 303 of 322

Dioxin/furan isomer Toxic equivalency factor dioxin octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin 0.001 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.5 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.05 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 2,3,4,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.1 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.01

octachlorinated dibenzofuran 0.001 Table 5 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Summa ry of Reporting Requirements a Report Due date Contents Reference Waste Management Plan No later than the

date specified in table 1 for submittal of the final control plan Waste management plan §60.2755.

Initial Test Report No later than 60

days following the initial performance test Complete test report for the initial performance test The values for the site-specific operating limits

• Installation of bag leak detection systems for fabric filters §60.2760.Page 304 of 322

Report Due date Contents Reference Annual Report No later than 12

months following the submission of the initial test report. Subsequent reports are to be submitted no more than 12 months following the previous report Name and address Statement and signature by responsible official Date of report Values for the operating limits Highest recorded 3- hour average and the lowest 3-hour average, as applicable, for each operating parameter recorded for the calendar year being reported If a performance test was conducted during the reporting period, the results of the test If a performance test was not conducted during the reporting period, a statement that the requirements of §60.2720(a) or (b) were met Documentation of periods when all qualified CISWI unit operators were unavailable for more than 8 hours but less than 2 weeks If you are conducting performance tests once every 3 years consistent with §60.2720(a), the date of the last 2 performance tests, §§60.2765 and 60.2770.Page 305 of 322

Report Due date Contents Reference a comparison of the emission level you achieved in the last 2 performance tests to the 75 percent emission limit threshold required in §60.2720(a) and a statement as to whether there have been any operational changes since the last performance test that could increase emissions. Emission limitation or operating limit deviation report By August 1 of

that year for data collected during the first half of the calendar year. By February 1 of the following year for data collected during the second half of the calendar year Dates and times of deviation Averaged and recorded data for those dates Duration and causes of each deviation and the corrective actions taken Copy of operating limit monitoring data and any test reports Dates, times, and causes for monitor downtime incidents §§60.2775 and 60.2780.

Qualified Operator Deviation Notification Within 10 days of

deviation Statement of cause of deviation Description of efforts to have an accessible qualified operator The date a qualified operator will be accessible §60.2785(a)(1).

Qualified Operator Every 4 weeks

following Description of efforts to have an §60.2785(a)(2).Page 306 of 322

Report Due date Contents Reference Deviation Status Report deviation accessible qualified operator The date a qualified operator will be accessible Request for approval to continue operation Qualified Operator Deviation Notification of Resumed Operation Prior to resuming

operation Notification that you are resuming operation §60.2785(b)

a This table is only a summary, see the referenced se ctions of the rule for the complete requirements. Table 6 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Emiss ion Limitations That Apply To Incinerators On and After [Date to be specified in state plan] a

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation b Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Cadmium 0.0026

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test (Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish.Page 307 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation b Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Carbon monoxide 36 17 parts

per million dry volume 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 10 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Use a maximum allowable drift of 0.2 ppm and a span gas with a CO concentration of 75 ppm or less. The span gas must contain approximately the same concentration of CO 2 expected from the source. Dioxins/furans (total mass basis) 4.6

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test (Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).
Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency basis) 0.13

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test (Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).
Hydrogen chloride 29 parts per

million dry volume 3-run average

(For Method 26, collect a minimum volume of 60 liters per run. For Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance test (Method 26 or 26A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8).Page 308 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation b Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Lead 0. 0036 015

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test (Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Mercury 0. 0054 0048

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(For Method 29 an ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) b d , collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters per run. For Method 30B, collect a minimum sample as specified in Method 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A) Performance test (Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8) or ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) c d

.

Oxides of nitrogen 53 parts per

million dry volume 3-run average

( for Method 7E, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 100 ppm or less. Particulate matter filterable 34

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter) Performance test (Method 5 or 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 or appendix A-8).Page 309 of 322

For the air pollutant You must

meet this emission limitation b Using this

averaging time And determining compliance using this method Sulfur dioxide 11 parts pe r

million dry volume 3-run average (1

hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test (Method 6 or 6C 6c at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 ). Use a maximum allowable drift of 0.2 ppm and a span gas with concentration of 20 ppm or less.
. Fugitive ash Visible

emissions for no more than 5% of the hourly observation period Three 1-hour

observation periods Visible emission test (Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).

a The date specified in the state plan can be no late r than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a rev ised state plan or [THE DATE 5 YEARS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]. b All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, y ou must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equi valency basis limit.

c c If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate c ompliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for a t least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at o r below this limit, you can skip testing according to §60.2720 i f all of the other provision of §60.2720 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote “c”, your performanc e tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years mus t show that your emissions are at or 75 percent of this limit i n order to qualify for skip testing. d Incorporated by reference, see §60.17.Page 310 of 322

Table 7 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Emiss ion Limitations That Apply To Energy Recovery Units Aft er May 20, 2011 [ THE DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ] Date to be specified in state plan] a

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids Cadmium 0.023

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter Biomass -

0. 00051 001 4 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test

(Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish.

Coal - 0.058 095 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter Carbon monoxide 36 35 parts

per million dry volume Biomass –

490 260 parts per million dry volume 3- run average

(1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test

(Method 10 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 100 ppm or less for liquid/ gas boilers and coal

- fed boilers. Use a span gas with a concentration of 1000 ppm or less for biomass

- fed boilers. Coal – 59 95 parts per million dry volumePage 311 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids Dioxins/ furans (total mass basis) 2.9

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter Biomass -

0. 35 52 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 4 dry standard cubic meter s ) Performance test

(Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).

Coal - 0.51 5.1 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter c Dioxins/ furans (toxic equivalency basis) 0.32

nanograms per dry standard cubic meter Biomass -

0. 059 12 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 4 dry standard cubic meter s ) Performance test

(Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).

Coal - 0.075 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter c Hydrogen chloride 14 parts

per million dry volume Biomass -

0. 45 20 parts per million dry volume 3- run average

( for Method 26, collect a minimum of 120 liters; for Method Performance test

(Method 26 or 26A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8).Page 312 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids

Coal – 1321 parts per million dry volume 26A, collect

a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter s )

Lead 0.096

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter Biomass -

0. 0036 014 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters) Performance test

(Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish.

Coal - 0.013 14 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter c Mercury 0. 0013 031 00

24 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter Biomass -

0. 00033 002 2 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3- run average

(For Method 29 and ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) b d , collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard Performance test

(Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 8) or ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) b d

.Page 313 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids

Coal - 0.0028 016 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter cubic meters

per run. For Method 30B, collect a minimum sample as specified in Method 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A) Oxides of nitrogen 76 parts

per million dry volume Biomass –

290 parts per million dry volume 3- run average

( for Method 7E, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test

(Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part60, appendix A4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 150 ppm or less for liquid/gas fuel boilers. Use a span gas with a concentration of 700 ppm or less for solid fuel boilers. Coal – 340 parts per million dry volumePage 314 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids Particulate matter filterable 110

milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 250 Biomass

- 11 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter or 30

- day rolling average if PM CEMS is required or being used 3- run average

(collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter) Performance test

(Method 5 or 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 3 or appendix A- 8) if the unit has a design capacity an annual average heat input rate less than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hr; or PM CEMS (performance specification 11 of appendix B of this part) CPMS (as specified in §60.2710(x)) if the unit has a design capacity an annual average heat input rate greater than 250 MMBtu/hr. Use Method 5 or 5I of Appendix A of this part and collect a minimum sample volume of 1 dscm for the PM CEMS correlation testing. Coal - 75 160 milligrams per dry standard cubic meterPage 315 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Liquid/Gas Solids Sulfur dioxide 720 parts

per million dry volume Biomass –

6.2 7.3 parts per million dry volume 3- run average

(1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance test

(Method 6 or 6c at 40 CFR part60, appendix A4 ) .) Use a span gas with a concentration of 20 ppm or less for biomass

- fed boilers. Use a span gas with a con centration of 1500 ppm or less for liquid/gas and coal

- fed boilers.
. Coal – 650 parts per million dry volume

Fugitive ash Visible

emissions for no more than 5 percent of the hourly observation period Visible

emissions for no more than 5 percent of the hourly observatio n period Three 1-hour

observation periods Visible emission

test (Method 22 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A7).

a a The date specified in the state plan can be no lat er than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a rev ised state plan or [THE DATE 5 YEARS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ] b All emission limitations (except for opacity) are m easured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit. b c If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate c ompliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for a t least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at o r below this limit, you can skip testing according to §60.2720 i f all of the other provision of §60.2720 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote “c”, your performanc e tests forPage 316 of 322

this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years mus t show that your emissions are at or 75 percent of this limit i n order to qualify for skip testing, with the exception of ann ual performance tests to certify a CEMS or PM CPMS. d Incorporated by reference, see §60.17. Table 8 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Emiss ion Limitations That Apply to Waste-burning Kilns After [ THE DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGIST ER] Date to be specified in state plan] a

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Cadmium 0. 00048 0014 milligrams

per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters) Performance

test (Method 29 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A8).

Carbon monoxide 110parts 110 (long

kilns) / 790 (preheater / precalciner) parts per million dry volume 3- run average (1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance

test (Method 10 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 200 ppm or less. Dioxins/furans (total mass basis) 0.02 1.3 nanograms per

dry standard cubic meter meter c 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 4 1 dry standard cubic meter meters ) Performance

test (Method 23 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A7).

Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency basis) 0. 0070 075 nanograms

per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 1 4 dry standard cubic meter s ) Performance

test (Method 23 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A7).Page 317 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Hydrogen chloride 25 3.0 parts per

million dry volume volume c 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter) or 30-day rolling average if HCl CEMS is being used Performance

test (Method 321 at 40 CFR part 63, appendix A of this part ) or HCl CEMS if a wet sc rubber is not used.

Lead 0. 0026 014 milligrams

per dry standard cubic meter meter c 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters) Performance

test (Method 29 at 40 CFR part60, appendix A8). Mercury 0. 0079 011 milligrams

per dry standard cubic meter 30-day rolling average Mercury CEMS or

sorbent trap monitoring system (performance specification 12A or 12B, respectively, of appendix B of this part ). .) Oxides of nitrogen 540 630 parts per

million dry volume 3-run average ( for Method 7E, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance

test (Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 1000 ppm or less.Page 318 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And determining

compliance using this method Particulate matter filterable 6.2 4.62.7 milligrams

per dry standard cu bic meter 30-day rolling average PM CEMS

(performance specification 11 of appendix B of this part; Use Method 5 or 5I of Appendix A of this part and collect a minimum sample volume of 2 dscm for the PM CEMS correlation testing.) PM CPMS (as specified in §60.2710(x)) Sulfur dioxide 38 600 parts per

million dry volume 3- run average ( for Method 6, collect a minimum of 20 liters; for Method 6C, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance

test (Method 6 or 6c at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 80 ppm or less. a a The date specified in the state plan can be no lat er than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a rev ised state plan or [THE DATE 5 YEARS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ] b All emission limitations (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit. c If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate c ompliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for a t least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at o r below this limit, you can skip testing according to §60.2720 i f all of thePage 319 of 322

other provision of §60.2720 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote “c”, your performanc e tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years mus t show that your emissions are at or 75 percent of this limit i n order to qualify for skip testing, with the exception of ann ual performance tests to certify a CEMS or PM CPMS.. Table 9 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60—Model Rule—Emiss ion Limitations That Apply to Small, Remote Incinerator s After May 20, 2011 [ THE DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER] Date to be specified in state plan] a

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And

determining compliance using this method Cadmium 0. 61 95 milligrams per

dry standard cubic meter 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter) Performance

test (Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8).

Carbon monoxide 20 6431 parts per

million dry volume 3- run average (1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance

test (Method 10 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 50 ppm or less. Dioxins/furans (total mass basis) 1,200 4,400 nanograms

per dry standard cubic meter b 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter s per run ) Performance

test (Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7).Page 320 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And

determining compliance using this method Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency basis) 180 57 nanograms per

dry standard cubic meter b 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter s ) Performance

test (Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7). Fugitive ash Visible emissions for

no more than 5 percent of the hourly observation period Three 1-hour observation periods Visible

emission test (Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7). Hydrogen chloride 220 300 parts per

million dry volume 3- run average (For Method 26, collect a minimum volume of 60 120 liters per run. For Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run) Performance

test (Method 26 or 26A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8).

Lead 2. 1 7 milligrams per

dry standard cubic meter 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter) Performance

test (Method 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish.Page 321 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And

determining compliance using this method Mercury 0.005 3 7 milligrams per

dry standard cubic meter 3- run average (For Method 29 and ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) b c , collect a minimum volume of 2 dry standard cubic meters per run. For Method 30B, collect a minimum sample as specified in Method 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A) Performance

test (Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8) or ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) b

. c

.

Oxides of nitrogen 240 190 parts per

million dry volume 3- run average ( for Method 7E, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance

test (Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 500 ppm or less. Particulate matter ( filterable ) 230 270 milligrams per

dry standard cubic meter 3- run average (collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter s ) Performance

test (Method 5 or 29 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3or appendix A8).Page 322 of 322

For the air pollutant You must meet this emission limitation a limitation b Using this averaging time And

determining compliance using this method Sulfur dioxide 420 150 parts per

million dry volume 3- run average ( for Method 6, collect a minimum of 20 liters per run; for Method 6C, 1 hour minimum sample time per run) Performance

test (Method 6 or 6c at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 4). Use a span gas with a concentration of 1000 ppm or less. Fugitive ash Visible emissions for

no more than 5 percent of the hourly observation period Three 1

- hour observation periods Visible

emission test (Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A

- 7). a a The date specified in the state plan can be no lat er than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a rev ised state plan or [THE DATE 5 YEARS AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER ]. b All emission limitations (except for opacity) are m easured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit. b c Incorporated by reference, see §60.17.