Logistics and considerationsof installation and operation ofAWTSAlaska Cruise ship waste waterAlaskaCruiseshipwastewaterscience advisory panelO t b 2010October2010ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Expected outcome andcontents• How to compare information to evaluatefeasibility and make recommendations• Contents:– Marine waste water treatment industry• Some History• Other Environmental rules affecting AWP’s– Retrofit AWP project• Sizing the process + Cruise ship waste water sources & qualities• Process space reservation and components• InstallationO ti•peraon– New Alaska rules• How to move forward ?ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Why do people take theCruise ?ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Some AWP history...Late90’s•All ships were built to meet USCG andIMO MarpolAnnex IV standards– Black water treated in biological or physical/chemical MSD’s– Limited holding capacities and extended holding lead quickly to anoxicconditions– Grey water normally directly overboard•Marineindustryhadnoknowledgeonindustryknowledgewhat was going in and what was comingout of theMSD’soutofthe– ”No mechanical alarm” meant MSD was working properlyECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Years20002005-•Cruiseoperatorsstartedquicklytoadapttooperatorsstartedquicklynew Alaska rulesC itl tdAWPliith tttt t–ruse operaors seeceasupperwouany waerreamentknowledge and AWP suppliers sold systems without ship waste knowledge• HAL => Zenon• NCL => Scanship• CCL => Rochem, Pall, Hamworthy•RCCL=>Hydroxyl,Zenon• Disney => MEP•Lotsofoperationalissues– Sizing data was badly underestimated– Pumps and components not made for shipboard useECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010–Crews were not educated to operate the systems and support was missing20052010-Companies(operators/s ppliers)lostmone•Companiesoperators/suppliersy:– delays on installations–operationalissueshadtobecorrectedoperationalcorrected– fierce competition on only few orders• Scanship, Hydroxyl, MEP, Navalis => Chapter 11• Pall, Zenon/GE, Rochem => out ornot active anymore• Operator knowledge improved and oldAWP’s are now in ”acceptable condition”- Only few treating 100% all streams 24/7• Various treatment experiences led to differentinternalpoliciesamongthe CruiselinesECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010internalpoliciesamongtheCruiselinesAWPsituationtodayCr isecompaniesstilldreamonsimple•ucompanies,small, no cost, on/off systems, but:– Have accepted that AWP’s are what they areand that the systems need some ”love and care”– Admit that the ”wet side” is now under control tomeetcurrentAlaskastandards– Issues mainly on:•Pre-screenssmellsludgemanagement &operationalcostscreens,,management&operational• Future rules and decisions what really to treat !ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Other future environmental lawsaffecting the AWP• Ballast watertreatment– Capacity on Cruise ship 150-300m3/h– Seldomly used...Do we really need this?–5-10m2 space, cost 250-350 TUSD/each +inst.– Currently shared treated waste water holding andBallast tanks on older Cruise ships !!• SECA SOx exhaust gas issues / MGO–Dualfuelneedtankagespace.– Is Scrubber allowed at ports and what to do withscrubberwastewaterstreamsandsludge?ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010scrubberwastewaterstreamsandsludge?IMO MEPC 61/7BalticseaIMOMEPC61/7N ilf•utrent removaor sewage– The nutrient concentrations of the samples of effluent withoutdilution should be:• total nitrogen < 20 mg/l or at least 70% reduction• total phosphorus < 1.0 mg/l or at least 80% reduction•Related to the proposed nutrient standards it is proposed that theRelatedtotheproposednutrientstandards,itisproposedthattheterm "influent" should be defined asfollows: "Influent means the totalflow into the sewage treatment process". The reason for thisdditi i th t lth h i fl t t i i t i d ithadditionisthat, althoughinfluentcontaining grey water mixedwithsewage is not considered dilution.• The Government of each Partyto the Convention undertakes toensure that within a special area reception facilities in all relevantports and terminals are providedfor the reception of sewage.ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Waste water treatmentprocessWastewater treatment means removal of contaminants by various separation and oxidationprocesses to produce clean waterECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Design of a waste treatmentprocess1. Knowledge of influent / effluent parameters:• Flowparameters andpatterns =>Peak flow control!p• Variation of concetrations =>Organic peak flow control!• Process risks, e.g. toxic substances• Effluent limits2 H d li d i f th2.Hydraulicdesign ofthe process:• Equalizing/holding/redundancy expectationsH d li R i Ti (HRT) f h•HydraulicRetentionTime(HRT)ofthe process• Design flux for membranes/DAF/UV etc. various process stepsECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Design of a waste treatmentprocess3. Organic design of the process:• Prefiltration rate• Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS), Sludge Loading Rate (F/M),• Sludge age etc. various sizing parameters according selected process4. Supporting processes• Sludge management– Holding, dewatering, drying and/or incenerating•Effluent holding and dischargeEffluentholdinganddischarge– Discharge time and UV disinfection demandECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010WastewatersouresQuestions raisedon a retrofit project:•Howarethewaterstreams collected?•Transfer pump controls?•Who controls theinterfaces?•Are the streams mixedor on separate tanks?How much hydraulic andorganicpeaksareexpected => How do wehandle those in the AWPECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Full sea day versus 10%empty 10 port daySewagetreatmentplantloadcalculator‐CruiseshipSewagetreatmentplantloadcalculator‐CruiseshipNumberofcrew 1000Numberofpassangers 2300TreatedwastewatercharacteristicsY/N l/p/d gBOD/d mg/lBlackwatervacuum 1 20 45 2250l kNumberofcrew 1000Numberofpassangers 2000TreatedwastewatercharacteristicsY/N l/p/d gBOD/d mg/lBlackwatervacuum 1 20 45 2250Blackwatergravity070450Accommodationgraywater 1 150 20 133Galleywater 1 50 125 2500Laundrywater 1 25 5 200Pulper/foodwastewater 1 3 90 30000Shipprofilecoefficient()calculatorfactorsBlackwatergravity 0 70 45 0Accommodationgraywater 1 150 20 133Galleywater 1 50 125 2500Laundrywater 1 25 5 200Pulper/foodwastewater 1 3 90 30000Shipprofilecoefficient()calculatorfactorsNoofCrewincabins1000NoofPassangersincabins2300NoofPublictoilets&urinals100Routehours/day,passangers24Operationalhours,crew24Toiletflushes/person/day 7Hotmealsservedtopassange1 (1=YES,0=NO)B dh th db d1(1 YES0 NO)NoofCrewincabins1000NoofPassangersincabins2000NoofPublictoilets&urinals100Routehours/day,passangers14Operationalhours,crew24Toiletflushes/person/day 6Hotmealsservedtopassange1 (1=YES,0=NO)B dhh db d1(1 YES0 NO)Bedsheetswashedonboard1(1=YES,0=NO)CorrectedwastewatertreatmentloadingShip Hydraulic ConcentrationsProfileload BOD5 COD TSS BOD5 COD TSSam3/day kgO2/day kgO2/day kg/day mg/l mg/l mg/lBlackwatervacuum1,0066,0 148,5 297,0 104,0Bedsheetswashedonboard1(1=YES,0=NO)CorrectedwastewatertreatmentloadingShip Hydraulic ConcentrationsProfileload BOD5 COD TSS BOD5 COD TSSam3/day kgO2/day kgO2/day kg/day mg/l mg/l mg/lBlackwatervacuum0,7243,3 97,5 195,0 68,3Blackwatergravity0,000,0 0,0 0,0 0,0Accommodationgraywater1,00495,0 66,0 125,4 39,6Galleywater1,00165,0 412,5 618,8 247,5Laundrywater1,0082,5 16,5 49,5 11,6Pulper/foodwastewater1,009,9 297,0 445,5 207,9TOTAL 818,40 940,501536,15 610,50 1149 1877 746Blackwatergravity0,000,0 0,0 0,0 0,0Accommodationgraywater0,72325,0 43,3 82,3 26,0Galleywater0,72108,3 270,8 406,3 162,5Laundrywater1,0075,0 15,0 45,0 10,5Pulper/foodwastewater0,726,5 195,0 292,5 136,5TOTAL 558,17 621,671021,08 403,75 1114 1829 72332%reducedhydrayulicloading34%reducedorganicloadingECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/201032%reducedhydrayulicloading,34%reducedorganicloadingAllstreamsorBW+AccGWSewagetreatmentplantloadcalculator‐CruiseshipSewagetreatmentplantloadcalculator‐CruiseshipNumberofcrew 1000Numberofpassangers 2300TreatedwastewatercharacteristicsY/N l/p/d gBOD/d mg/lBlackwatervacuum 1 20 45 2250l kNumberofcrew 1000Numberofpassangers 2300TreatedwastewatercharacteristicsY/N l/p/d gBOD/d mg/lBlackwatervacuum 1 20 45 2250Blackwatergravity070450Accommodationgraywater 1 150 20 133Galleywater 1 50 125 2500Laundrywater 1 25 5 200Pulper/foodwastewater 1 3 90 30000Shipprofilecoefficient()calculatorfactorsBlackwatergravity070450Accommodationgraywater 1 150 20 133Galleywater 0 50 125 0Laundrywater 0 25 5 0Pulper/foodwastewater 0 3 90 0Shipprofilecoefficient()calculatorfactorsNoofCrewincabins1000NoofPassangersincabins2300NoofPublictoilets&urinals100Routehours/day,passangers24Operationalhours,crew24Toiletflushes/person/day 7Hotmealsservedtopassange1 (1=YES,0=NO)B dh th db d1(1 YES0 NO)NoofCrewincabins1000NoofPassangersincabins2300NoofPublictoilets&urinals100Routehours/day,passangers24Operationalhours,crew24Toiletflushes/person/day 7Hotmealsservedtopassange1 (1=YES,0=NO)Bedsheetswashedonboard1(1=YES,0=NO)CorrectedwastewatertreatmentloadingShip Hydraulic ConcentrationsProfileload BOD5 COD TSS BOD5 COD TSSam3/day kgO2/day kgO2/day kg/day mg/l mg/l mg/lBlackwatervacuum1,0066,0 148,5 297,0 104,0Bedsheetswashedonboard1 (1=YES,0=NO)CorrectedwastewatertreatmentloadingShip Hydraulic ConcentrationsProfileload BOD5 COD TSS BOD5 COD TSSam3/day kgO2/day kgO2/day kg/day mg/l mg/l mg/lBlackwatervacuum1,0066,0 148,5 297,0 104,0Blackwatergravity0,000,0 0,0 0,0 0,0Accommodationgraywater1,00495,0 66,0 125,4 39,6Galleywater1,00165,0 412,5 618,8 247,5Laundrywater1,0082,5 16,5 49,5 11,6Pulper/foodwastewater1,009,9 297,0 445,5 207,9TOTAL 818,40 940,501536,15 610,50 1149 1877 746,,,,,Blackwatergravity0,000,0 0,0 0,0 0,0Accommodationgraywater1,00495,0 66,0 125,4 39,6Galleywater0,000,0 0,0 0,0 0,0Laundrywater0,000,0 0,0 0,0 0,0Pulper/foodwastewater0,000,0 0,0 0,0 0,0TOTAL 561,00 214,50422,40 143,55 382 753 25632%reducedhydraulicloading77%reducedorganicloadingECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/201032%reducedhydraulicloading,77%reducedorganicloadingWastewatersamplingSamplingchangefrom9am (season2008)•Samplingto 3am (season 2009) by one operator:– Average ammonia on effluent 20-25% down– Despite huge mixing, BW production drop dramatically after10pmpartialcauseforimprovedresultspartialimprovedresults• Influent sampling even more challengingdi tlfthirecyrome ppe– Multiple samples during whole dayS ttliit kt ki tid ti(f hl ld–engnansaenno conseraonresnes,eveanmixing)–Which waters aregoingin from where ?ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010g gAWPprocessdesign datadesigndataBLACKWATERShip collecting BOD COD SCOD N SS litraa / henkilö gBOD/pers/dayTOTAL 95948 139466 15039 10209 97702 937 1954S l4724720474747ampesAverage 2041 5811 2148 510 2079 20 42EPA measurement 526 1140 545 65 34Cruise line spec 2500 1500 1743ACCOMMODATION GRAYShipcollectingBOD COD SCOD N SS litraa / henkilögBOD/pers/dayp yTOTAL 10794 10898 1080 175 6371 586 133,848Samples 45 25 6 12 45 6 6Average 240 436 180 15 142 98 22Cr ise line Spec20010015531CruiselineSpec.ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010AWPprocessdesign datadesigndataGALLEY WATERShip collecting BOD COD SCOD N SS litraa / henkilö gBOD/pers/dayTOTAL 45617 66530 12585 885 30223Samples 20 20 6 14 22Average22813327209863137481185LAUNDRY WATERAverage22813327209863137481185Cruise line spec. 2500 2500 50 125Ship collecting BOD COD SCOD N SS litraa / henkilö gBOD/pers/dayTOTAL 6407 8570 1372 113 3415 278 22Samples 42 22 5 12 43 6 6Average 153 390 274 9 79 46 4Cruise line spec. 300 300 25 8PULPER WATERShipcollectingBODCODSCODNSSlitraa / henkilögBOD/pers/daycollectinglitraa/henkilögBOD/pers/dayTOTAL 980731 519500 29600 669 761512 0 0Samples 28 7 3 3 27 10 10Average 35026 74214 9867 223 28204 3105Cruise line spec3000020000390ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Cruiselinespec.3000020000390Simplecomparisonof dataofdata•Average untreated concentrations ofCoppertotal dissolved– 2004 average wastewater 677ug/l 167ug/l– 2008 flow weighed av.total gray 510ug/l 195ug/l– 2001 ADEC graywater 483ug/l NA– 2008 Laundry 278ug/l 253ug/l2008Galley383ug/l232ug/l–383ug/l232ug/l– 2008 Food pulper 208ug/l 15ug/lBunker source dissolved copper Min. Av. Max.– 2008 Admiralty Bunker 0,22 ~10 280ug/lECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Simplecomparisonof dataofdata•Average untreated concentrations ofNickeltotal dissolved– 2004 average wastewater 34ug/l 17.2ug/l– 2008 flow weighed av.total gray 29.7ug/l 18.2ug/l– 2001 ADEC graywater 48.7ug/l NA– 2008 Laundry 6.19ug/l 4.85ug/l2008Galley29 2ug/l26 4ug/l–29.2ug/l26.4ug/l– 2008 Food pulper 22.4ug/l 31.1ug/lBunker source dissolved nickel Min. Av. Max.– 2008 Admiralty Bunker 0,1 ~1.5 470ug/lECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Simplecomparisonof dataofdata•Average untreated concentrations ofZinctotal dissolved– 2004 average wastewater 3130ug/l 792ug/l– 2008 flow weighed av.total gray 2540ug/l 1610ug/l– 2001 ADEC graywater 790ug/l NA– 2008 Laundry 345ug/l 266ug/l2008Galley1460ug/l1070ug/l–1460ug/l1070ug/l– 2008 Food pulper 6380ug/l 47800ug/lBunker source dissolved zinc Min. Av. Max.– 2008 Admiralty Bunker 1 ~50 3300ug/lECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Simplecomparisonof dataofdata• Concentrations(2008 EPA totals, 25 samples)CopperNickelZinc– Av.influent 519ug/l 22,4ug/l 986ug/l–AWP biomass 10800ug/l 245ug/l 19400ug/l– Screened solids 22700ug/l 537ug/l 33600ug/l–Effluent 16,6ug/l 13,6ug/l 198ug/l– Reduction 96-98% 0-48% 0-86%ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Simplecomparisonof dataofdata• Despite peak concentrations of bunkerwateron all three metalsgo beyond theaverage concentration met on the ships,theestimatedaverageconcentrationshows that ships contrinute a lot more.• The data collected byAlaska and EPAproove that currentAWP’s remove a bulkof metals, but not all !!ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Ammonia and metals onEPA 2008 reportHAL Veendam (Zenon)COD113050 4HALVeendam(Zenon),Limit Laundry Acc. Pulper Galley AWP Infl. AWP effl.Ammonia mg/l 2,9 0,36 1 29 0,46 56 7,58Copper (TOT) ug/l 3,1 258 975 400 88 246 8,97Copper (dissolved) ug/l 182 90 17,5 50,9 59 8Nickel (TOT) ug/l 8,2 10,7 29,4 41,6 25,8 27,3 15,3Nickel (dissolved) ug/l 7,3 19,6 38,6 22,8 22 15,5Zinc (TOT) ug/l 81 303 1500 4210 1010 947 360In the futuremetals have to bespecifiedalso:Zinc (dissolved) ug/l 178 635 3780 599 318 353Norwegian Star (Scanship, no pulper) COD 909 39,2Limit Laundry Acc. Pulper Galley AWP Infl. AWP effl.Ammonia mg/l 2,9 46 32Copper (TOT) ug/l 3,1 495 167 312 408 342 9,48Copper (dissolved) ug/l 553 89,1 23,9 61,8 113 6,51Nickel (TOT)ug/l8 23 118 3727 916 812 812 7specifiedalso:•Sources of pollutionnot totally known•SuppliersdonotknowNickel(TOT)ug/l8,23,118,3727,916,812,812,7Nickel (dissolved) ug/l 2,94 8,11 28,2 9,97 10,3 12,8Zinc (TOT) ug/l 81 455 323 987 500 349 673Zinc (dissolved) ug/l 464 218 634 324 99,9 656Island Princess (Hamworthy, BW- AccGW treated) COD 1930 114Limit Laundry Acc. Pulper Galley AWP Infl. AWP effl.Ammonia mg/l 2,9 1,29 0,43 35 11,1 221 33,6•Suppliersdonotknowthe reductions on theirprocessesCopper (TOT) ug/l 3,1 325 580 118 620 1170 18,3Copper (dissolved) ug/l 242 462 4,4 479 44,7 16,9Nickel (TOT) ug/l 8,2 7,86 12,4 19,7 27 27,6 14,3Nickel (dissolved) ug/l 4,7 12,7 27 24,3 15,7 14Zinc (TOT) ug/l 81 470 604 20300 1090 1430 207Zinc (dissolved) ug/l 339 404 139000 956 100 205Oosterdam (Rochem dual stream, no pulper)COD25445Oosterdam(Rochemdualstream,nopulper)Limit Laundry Acc. Pulper Galley AWP gw/InAWP gw/efAmmonia mg/l 2,9 4,54 1,92Copper (TOT) ug/l 3,1 35,3 988 2,32 417 213 69,9Copper (dissolved) ug/l 35,6 26,3 335 109 18,3Nickel (TOT) ug/l 8,2 3,09 85,8 0,285 47,2 17,1 3,18Nickel (dissolved) ug/l 4,46 28,2 49,1 13,8 3,3Zinc (TOT) ug/l 81 151 10100 3,22 3260 791 383Zi (di l d)/l82 419102390170279•All suppliers with unitson operation arecollecting dataECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Zinc(dissolved)ug/l82,419102390170279Approx. AWP process sizeand cost• Biological process 5000pax (1200m3/d)– Tank capacity 330m3– Foot print 80m2– Cost turnkey: 2 MUSD process + 1,5 MUSD installation( /)• Biological process 3000pax800m3/d)– Tank capacity 240m3–Foot print 70m2 (lowertanks => worse oxygen transfer)– Cost turnkey: 1,5 MUSD process+ 1,2 MUSD installationOt ft thi•xygenransferoe process manlimiting factor making reactor size largerECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010NormaldeckheightsECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010AWPprocesssize• Equalizing tanks normally as big as can beinstalled orfound– Mixing by pumping– If proper size cannot be secured, waste water holding tankitbt ll dbtipumpng muse conroeymers• Sludge holding depends the owner– 40m3/day from 5000pax with dry solid content ofapprox. 2% (screens 1/3 and bioprocess excess 2/3)• Plus many intermediate pumping tanks +allthe”bellsandwhistles”ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010allthebellsandwhistlesAWP is simple only in blockdiagramsExample:In this Evac MBR processcasetheyfoundspaceforthe bioreactor on a storespaceECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/20103300 person Cruiseship3300personCruiseSource 2008 VTT/BalticTotal dry weight ofAWPprocess83tons.Must be overhauledin pieces into engineroomviahatchesandwater tight doors.Energy cons: 204kWECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/20103300 person Cruiseship3300personCruiseSource 2008 VTT/BalticIn this case also aDenitrification tankaccoridngtoBalticrulesBioprcess260m3 and260m3andDenitrification 70m3Sludge holdingfor 3-4 days 140m3 (withaeration mixing)ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010AWPturnkeyprojectstepsPLANNING AHEAD IS THE KEY FOR SUCCESSAWP retrofit project stepsGENERALAccommodation and food onboard for installation crewFire watchElectricity, gases, consumables, ventilation, heating, pr air, etc.Lifting on and off of equipment/material from shipsideGarbage/trash disposalpShip stability evaluationProject managerTravel costsFreight costs to logistic centre to on board the vesselFreightcoststologisticcentretoonboardthevesselOnsite installation supervision & managementInstallation insurances and correct work permissionsECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010AWPturnkeyprojectstepsENGINEERING TAKES NORMALLY LONGER THAN EXPECTEDENGINEERINGProcess design and component selectionBasic design of hull tanksD t il d i f h ll t kENGINEERINGTAKESNORMALLYLONGERTHANEXPECTEDDetaildesign ofhulltanksElectric system design (basic + detail)AWP automation system design (basic + detail)Main Automation System (MAS) integration (basic + detail)Type approval certificates required byClass and USCGpp q yModified ship's vents fills and sounding diagramSystem internal piping diagramsSystem external piping diagramsEquipment arrangement planV til ti d iVentilationdrawingsClass approved material certificates and specsModified ship's tank and capacity planPenetration drawings for pipes, vents and electrical, both fire and water tightModified ship's damage control drawingsg gModified ship's bilge and ballast piping drawingsWorkshop drawings of foundations, prefabricated pipes etc.Installation plan, schedule and procedures for equipment loadingMeetings and correspondance with class, authorities and ownerProject related classification feesECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010ProjectrelatedclassificationfeesAWPturnkeyprojectstepsCOMPONENTS ARE RARELY ”OFF THE SHELF” > LONG LEAD TIMEEQUIPMENT AND MATERIALSteel for new tanks, tank modifications, foundations etc,Piping(vent,waste water,effluent,sludge,aeration)COMPONENTSARERARELY”OFFTHESHELF”=>LONGLEADTIMEp g( , , , g , )PenetrationsDamage control valvesTools and tool storageScaffolding (support and work structures)Biological and separation process unitsBiologicalandseparationprocessunitsPumps, control panels etc. equipments related to pump unitsPre screenProcess tank aeration systemsUV unitsBlowers (vent and aeration)Blowers(ventandaeration)Defoaming systemChemical dosing systems (pH control, coagulation, flokkulation etc.)All valvesSight glasses, vacuum interface valves etc. prefab componentst ti i tautomation equipmentMAS equipmentGas monitoring systemElectrical equipmentCables, cable trays, penetrations etc.ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010PaintAWPturnkeyprojectstepsLIMITED SPACE AND ACCESS + INSTALLTION DURINGSHIP OPERATION PROLONGS THE INSTALLATION TIMEDEMOLITION WORKDemolition and removal of existing units from installation locationDemolition of instruments, piping etc. from the existing tanksSHIPOPERATIONPROLONGSTHEINSTALLATIONTIMEDemolitionofinstruments,pipingetc.fromtheexistingtanksScrapped material / equipment outside the vesselPREPARATION WORKProtection of contracted spacesEmptying, cleaning and gas freeing of installation related tanksEQUIPMENT INSTALLATION WORKInstallation of equipments according to work specificationSTEEL WORKBuilding of new loose steel tanksSteel work related to the existing tanksS f ti l t d t th i ti t kSurface preparation relatedtothe existingtanksCoating of the existing tanksBuilding of foundations for main equipmentBuilding of pump skidsECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010AWPturnkeyprojectstepsPIPE WORKInstallation of waste water piping according to work specificationInstallation of sludge piping according to work specificationInstallation of effluent piping according to work specificationInstallation of vent piping according to work specificationInstallation of aeration piping according to work specificationDESPITE GOODENGINEERING,LOT OF PIPINGInstallationofaerationpipingaccordingtoworkspecificationELECTRIC WORKCabling and installation of cable trays and penetrations, markingConnection of electric equipments to ship's systemsLOTOFPIPINGAND COMPONENTINSTALLATIONNEED SKILLFULLAUTOMATION WORKautomation system related workMAS related workNEEDSKILLFULLIMPROVISATIONCOMMISSIONINGPiping pressure and tightness testsFAT'sStart-up, system testing, all manuals, etc.T iiranngFINALIZINGFinal cleaningTouch-uppaintingECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010pp gGratings, ladders, handrails, stairs and floorplates where necessaryConstructionalissuesLodeckheightca singiss es•wcausingu– Oxygen transer• Nitrogen removal lead possibly into use of pure oxygen dueto increased oxygen demand•Spaceforadditionalcompressorandoxygenmakersadditionalcompressor– Removal of large elements upwards•Forexamplesubmergedmembraneremovalneedspaceexamplesubmergedmembraneremovalalso upwards–Properventilationheightabovethebioprocess needed due to ship movements”Foamingspace”andfoamkillingequipmentECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010–FoamingspaceandfoamkillingequipmentConstructuralissues• Transport routes–Large components must sometimes be cutinto pieces to be able to transport them totheirloctions• On retrofit where prefabrication isimpossible– It is difficult to work efficiently as there is nospace to increase manpoweraround the AWP–Time consuming=> expensiveECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010gConstructuralissuesInterfaces are most important forthecr ise•Interfacesaremostimportantforuships applications– Changing operation or components to previouscollectingsteps• Use of structural tanks made for fuel ordrinkingwatermaynotbeoptimumdrinkingoptimum• Sludge disposal routes and smell control• Existing vent pipes, routing & water pockets•Etc EtcECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Etc.Etc.AWPOperation• After the system installation and start-up it takes a while untilthe process is stabilized–Crew and system supplierneed normally to fix various hot-spotsonboard and make some fine tuning•SupplierswithmultipleinstallationknowtheirprocesswellSuppliersmultipleinstallationprocess.New comers face more various ”surprices”–Overallpubliced data is nevertheless sufficient even for new suppliersto size their processes correctly• Crew learn to ”play” with AWP feed, chemicals, holdingi ii ii ihd dcapactes, test tmng etc. => meet crtera wen so neeeECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010AWPOperationalissuesSmell•– Ship is a closed structure and venting difficult•Ozonesystemsinstalledonworstventpipessystemsinstalled• If smell to the engine room area => smell control difficult =>can leak to pax. areas– Prescreens not tight and need to be serviced– Sludge, foodwaste processing, foaming, leakages• Chemical consumption–AWP’s consume various chemicals• DAF chemicals expensive (feed shut on high seas)• Chemical feed => process hot spotsECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010AWPOperationalissues• Sludge– Most of the organic waste from bioreactors isll t di tl dcoeceno suge• Ships dump the sludge outside of 12nm accordingcompanypolicy• Most modern ships dry the sludge and burn it:–externaldryerssmellspreadsludgedustandconsumeenergyexternal,consume– Internal incenerator dryers have huge problems with the ”gluefase” during the drying process• Energy– Bioprocess must operate 24/7 even outside of Alaskan watersOverallecolocigalfootprintalwayschallenged!ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010–Overallecolocigalfootprintalwayschallenged!AWPOperationalissues• Redundancy and hazards– Holding tank usage• Future Ballast watertreatment rules in the future• Hydrogen sulfate creation in ”septic condition”Startupperiodofbiologicalprocessafterhazardcan–biologicalprocesstake time–Spaceandcostversus100%redundancyofredundancymechanical components•Hoteloperationsand USpublichealthdaysoperations– Chemicals (Chlorine for disinfection)ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010New AlaskarulesNewAlaskaAmmonia• Easiersource defination(human activity)– Data on Nitrogen concentrations on influent alreadyexist• Nitrification/denitrification known to mostAWPsuppliers– Need more biosludge and oxygenSeparatedenitrificationsteporusageofequalizing–SeparatedenitrificationequalizingtankSomeoldershipsjustrunout ofspace!ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010–Someoldershipsjustrunoutofspace!New AlaskarulesNewAlaskaAmmonia• Partial reduction alreadyon currentAWPprocesses•NewBalticrulessupportammoniaremovalsupportammoniaremovalAWP integration• Ammonia removal lead to betterenvironmentalpractisesasallwastewaterenvironmentalpractisesstreams are more likely be treatedECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010HamworthyconsernsECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010New AlaskarulesNewAlaskaMetals•All current data to be analysedproerly!p y• Proper tests on current AWP removal ratesAftd titbl•ersource reucon mospropay anadd on technology– Proper specification on challenge water(perhas with 2 waterqualities)to supplierspECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010New AlaskarulesNewAlaskaMetals• Specification to include Life cycle, maintenance, sludget i f ti tetc.information requests• As all suppliers would quote their system on same realisticspecification we would get better understanding on:specification,wewouldgetbetterunderstandingon:• Overall Cost, Weight and Size of new technologies•Redundancy requirements of these new add-ons and issuesRedundancyrequirementsofthesenewaddonsandissuesrelated to operational problems.• Instrumentation needs• Alternative operational methods. Issues related to waste waterholding and shore/sea discharge.ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010Conclusions• What did we learn from previous:–Cruise Shipwaste wateris feed varycase bycase due to:•Operationalvariations,shipsize,routeOperationalvariations• Collecting and holding system variations•OperatorviewsonwastewaterholdingtreatmentOperatorholding,treatmentand sludge management–CurrentAlaskaregulationcanbemetCurrentregulation• the AWP sizing, operational and constructionalissuesare99%undercontrolECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010issuesare99%undercontrolConclusions-AWP retrofit installation is always a compromise of cost,space and flow controlOth i t l l h ll th AWP’-Other new environmentalrules challengetheAWP’s- Low sulpher fuels/scrubber and ballast water management compete with AWPsystems on tanks and space.- Ballast water management versus waste water holding are controversial if ballasttanks are used for holding treated waste waters.-As waters treated,holdingpractises and sludgegmanagement vary between companies => Worseeffluent quality may still mean higher environmentald b tt t h l C j d thawareness andbettertechnology =>Can wejudgetheprocess purely on the end of pipe concentration results ?ECOMarine Oy– Logical solutions for shipping 22/10/2010