# Mee ti ng t o Di s c uss Measures T o

R edu c e T he Pot en ti al Fo r A cci den t al

Inges tio n Ri sks o f P araquat End

- Use

P r o du ct s

A ugu s t 6

, 201 4

M o nt y D ix o n

, J e rr y We lls 

# P a r a q u a t Di c hlori d e

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

# B a c kgr ou nd

2 

### ● Paraquat d ic h l o r i de has be e n u tili zed as a br o ad spe c t rum herb ici de i n t he

U n it ed S t a t es s i n c e f i rst reg i s t ered i n 1964

.

● Paraquat pr o

v i des un i que benef it

s:

- V a l ua ble w ee d r e s i st a n ce mana g e m e n t t oo l f o r g r o w e rs

.

- R a pid m o de o f a c t i o n a ll o ws f o r us e a s a harv e s t a id.

- V e r y s t r o n g b i n d i n g t o s o il wi t h bi o l o gic a l i na c t i v a t i o n t hu s mak i n g i t a n i m p o r t a n t p a r t of

c

o ns e rv a t i o n t ill a ge syst e ms

, e s p e ci a lly n o

- t ill syst e ms

.



### ● Paraquat has su cc e s sfu ll y c o mp l e t ed mu lti p l e E PA re v i e w s ensur i ng t hat

c

o n ti n ued reg i s t ra ti o n w o u l d n o t p o se unre a s o nab l e adverse effe ct s o n h u mans

and t he env i r o nmen t

.

● Transfer o f p a raquat pr o du ct s i n t o c o n t a i n e rs ( de li b era t e m i suse) t hat may be

c

o nf u sed f o r beverage c o n t a i ners has re s u l t ed i n un i n t e n ti o nal c o n s ump ti o n of

t he t ransferred ma t er i al wit h s o me fa t al i n ci den t s

.

● F o rmu l a ti o n c hanges i n c l ud i ng t he add iti o n o f a dye a nd o l fa ct o ry a l er ti ng

agen t s have been made t o redu c e t he li k e li h oo d o f a cci den t al i n ges ti o n

e x p o sures

.

● An eme ti c i s i n cl uded t o l essen t he im pa c t i f an a cci den t al i nges ti o n w ere to

o cc ur

.

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

# P araquat R eg i s t ra tio n R ev i ew

3 

## ● Re gi s t r at i on Re vi ew D oc k et o p e n ed 2 1 D ec 2011

● EPA h a s r e c e iv ed co m m e n t s fr om co n ce rn e d h e a l th ca r e pr o vid er s

r

e g a rdin g t h e num b er of f ata li t i es as so c i ated w i th i n g e s t i on of p a r a qu at

di c hl o rid e co n ta inin g pr o du ct s

.

- C a lif o rni a phy s i c i an 3 0 J ul y 2013

- Am e ri can A ss oc i at i on of P o i s on C o n t r ol C e n te r s ( AAPCC ) 7 O ct 2013

● Syng e n ta pr o vid ed inf o rm at i on r e qu e s ted b y EPA

● EPA pr o vid ed a li s t of p ote n t i al mi t ig a t i on o p t i o n s t o b e co n s i d e r ed in

a dv a n ce of t h e m eet in g w i th T ec hni cal Re gi s t r a n ts

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

# C urrent L a b el Warn in gs and R es t r ictio ns

4 

## ● P a r a qu at di c hl o rid e i s a Re s t ri cted Use P e s t i c id e

- C an o n l y be pur c hased by c er ti f i ed app lic a t o r

- May o n l y be used by C er ti f i ed App lic a t o r o r pers o n under d i re c t superv i s i o n

- May o n l y be used f o r uses c o

vered by C er ti f i ed App lic a t o rs C er ti f ic a ti o n



## ● Re s t ri ct i o n s ex pli c i t l y s tated i n b o l d prin t on F r o n t P a n el of L a b el

- NE V E R P U T I N TO FOO D, D R I N K O R O T HE R CON TAI NERS

- DO NO T U S E O R S T OR E IN O R A ROUN D T H E HO ME

- DO NO T RE M O V E T H E CON T EN TS EXCE PT FO R IMM E DIATE U S E

- KEE P OU T O F RE A C H O F CH ILD REN



## ● F r o n t P a n el a l s o pr o min e n t l y di s pl a y s :

- DA NGER/ P E LI GRO

- P O I S ON

- S ku l l and C r o ssb o nes

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

### ● S afe t y s t a t emen t s

/

requ i remen t s sh o u l d be presen t ed i n b o t h E ng li sh and

S pan i sh

- P o ss ibili t y o f i n cl us i o n in E P A ’s S p an i s h l a b e l pil o t i n i t i at i v e



### ● R ev i se F r o nt Panel R es t r icti o n S e cti o n t o i n cl ude b l ue t e x t :

• N EVER P UT I NT O FOO D

, D RI N K OR O T HER C O NTA I N ERS

• IF S W ALL O W E D

, TA KE I MM E D I AT E ACT ION A S P RE SC RIBED IN FIR S T A ID S E CT ION

SYM P

T O M S A RE P RO L O NG ED AN D P A I N FUL AN D M A Y LE A D TO D E A TH

• D O N OT U S E OR ST ORE IN OR A ROU N D T HE HO M E

• D O N OT RE M OVE T HE C O NT E NT S EX C E P T FOR I MM E D I AT E U S E

• F A I L U RE TO C O M PLY W I TH T H E S E RE Q U I RE M E N TS I S A V I O L A T I O N O F FE D ER A L

L A W AN D M A Y RE S U LT I N PER M AN E N T S ER I O U S I N J U RY I NC L U DI N G D E A TH



### ● In cl ude a “H ang t ag” t hat pr o

v i des res t r icti o ns t o prevent ill egal t ransfer.

● In cl ude a W arn i ng S tic ker o n pr o du c t c aps ( E ng li sh & S pan i sh)

- STOP ! D o no t p ou r t hi s p r o d uc t in t o a foo d, d r in k o r o t h er con t a in er. I n g e s t io n coul d

l ead t o d ea t h

.

5 

# P r o p o sed Add itio nal Warn i ngs and Notific a tio ns

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

### ● Paraquat d ic h l o r i de c an o n l y be pur c hased by C er ti f i ed App lic a t o r

- P r o p os e in d ust r y d e v e lo p a p a r a q u at t ra inin g mo d ul e t o b e ma d e a v ai l a b le f o r us e in

S t a t e Cer ti f i ed A pp l ic a to r t ra inin g.

• E m p has is o n th e i m p o rtan ce o f saf e h a n dli n g an d st o r a ge o f p ar a q u a t p r o d u c ts

. Hig h lig h t

tha t p r o d u ct is n o t t o be tr a nsf e rr e d t o an y o th e r c o nta i n e r s a n d su ch transf e r is c o ns id e r e d

a n ill e g a l a c t

.

• D e m o nstrat i o n o f c as e h i st o r i e s o f a ccid e nta l e xp o sur e s an d fata l o ut c

o m e s

• D o c um e ntat i o n tha t th e us e r un d e rst a n ds th e r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r s a f e han dli n g a n d st o r a ge o f

p a ra q u a t p r o d u c t

s an d th e d an g e r s o f f a ili n g t o do s o.

● C oun t er c ar d s t h at p r ovi d e in f o rma t io n o n t h e s afe s t o ra g e a n d h a n d lin g o f p ara q u at

p r o d uct s int e n d ed t o re d uc e th e p ot e nti al f o r th e i lle g al t ra ns fer th at coul d lead t o an

a cci d e nt al in g e stio n t o b e inclu d ed in b o x a n d a v aila b le at d ist r i b uto r/ d ealer

.

● A re q ui reme n t th at ea c h p u r ch a s er si g n a d ocumen t at th e ti me o f p u r ch a s e c er ti f yin g th ey

un d er st a n d th eir re s p onsi b i lity f o r a d h ere nc e t o th e s afe t y re st r iction s th at are i n p la c e to

p re v e n t unint e n t ion al ex p osu re.

6 

## P r opo s e d Add iti o n a l S t e w a r d sh i p a nd Educa t i on A c ti ons f o r D i scuss i on

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

### ● R e c o

very o f Ol d / Lef t

o

ver Pes tici de

- I n d us t r y t o e n c ou ra g e us ers t o util i z e l o c al p e st i ci d e p i c ku p p r o g rams ( e .g. C l ean

S weep P r o g ram) t o coll e c t a n d d is p os e o f unus e d / unwan t ed p ara q u at p r o d uc t

s

• If n o loc al p r o g ram is a v a i la b le, wo rk w ith d ist ri b uto rs t o re cov er unwant ed

p ara q u at p r o d uc t

s f o r p r o p er d is p os al

• T h e re tu rn o f Ol d / L e ftov er p e stici d e woul d b e a volunt ary p r oc e s s

● Syn g e n t a wil l continu e t o h a v e chil d

- re sist a n t c a p s o n al l non

- b ul k p a ck a g ed p ara q u at

p r o d uc t

s

7 

# R eg i s t rant In iti a t ed S t ewardsh i p A ctio ns and Edu c a tio n

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

### ● In c rease B r i gh t ness O f C o l o r And Add A Dy i ng Agent

- T h e mar k et p la c e cont a i n s b e v era g es in such a w id e ra n g e o f co l o rs t h at it may n o t b e

p o s si b l e t o c rea t e a ch a n g e in t h e co l o r of t h e p ara q u at p r o d u ct s t h at w oul d uni qu e ly

i d e nt i fy an inc o rre ct l y la b el l ed co n t a in er as c o nt a inin g s o met h in g oth er t h an a

b e v era g e

. 

### Di scuss io n of Add itio n al M ea su r es P ro p o sed B y E PA F or C o ns i d e r ation

8 DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

### ● F o rmu l a ti o n C hange F r o m L i qu i d T o Dry Fl o w ab l e O r W a t er D i spers i b l e G ranu l ar

- A sol id f o rm ul a tio n woul d h a v e th e p ot e nti al t o re d uc e th e ch a nc e o f an a cci d e nt al

o ral in g e stio n fr om mist a k en i d e ntit y w ith b e v era g es b u t no t n e c e ss ari l y with

f

oo d stu ffs

- A sol id f o rm ul a tio n woul d h a v e th e p ot e nti al t o inc rea s e manu fa c t

u r in g a n d

m i xer/ lo a d er occu p a t ion al inh ala tio n r isk s d u e t o th e p ossi b il it y o f a i r b o r n e p ar ticl e s

.

- Wat er Solu b l e P a ck a g in g (WSP ) coul d re d uc e p ot e nti al ex p osu re t o a i r b o r n e p article s

.

• WS P are onl y p ra ctic al f o r sma l l sc ale o p era tion s such as b a ck

- p a c k s p ra y ers a n d

are no t fea si b le f o r p ara q u at a pp l ic a tion s in U S a g r icultu ral p r o d uction

.

• R i p s o r cut s t o WSP s woul d c rea t e p ot e nti al f o r air b o r n e p ar ticul a t e ex p osu re.

9 

### Di scuss io n of Add itio n al M ea su r es P ro p o sed B y E PA F or C o ns i d e r ation

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014● C h a n g e In O d o ra n t

- s t r on g er, M o re P er sist e n t

- Al l p ara q u at p r o d uc t

s shoul d c o n t inu e t o inclu d e a com p on e n t t h a t crea t es an o d o r t o

a l ert an unsus p e ctin g p er so n t h at t h e p r o d uc t shoul d no t b e consume d

.

- His t o r ic a l l y, t h e p re vio u s s t ron g o d o ra n t in p ara q u at f o r mul a t i o n s was re p o r t

ed to

c

a us e h ea d a ch es a n d n a us ea in o c cu p a t ion al w o r k ers h a n d lin g l a r g e volum e s of t h e

p r o d uct

.

- F a t al a cci d e n t al in g e st i o n ex po s u res h a v e o c cu r r ed d e s p ite t h e p re s e nc e of s t r o n g,

un p l ea s a n t o d o ra n t s in p ara q u at f o rm ul a tion s

.

10 

### Di scuss io n of Add itio n al M ea su r es P ro p o sed B y E PA F or C o ns i d e r ation

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

### ● L o w er i ng % A cti ve Ingred i ent In E nd

- use Pr o du ct s To 5%

- A re d uc t io n o f t h e p ara q u at conc e n t ra t io n i n e n d

- us e p r o d uct s woul d re q ui re g rea t er

volu mes o f th e re d uc ed conc e nt ra tio n p r o d uc t t o t reat th e s ame area.

• Re d uc t io n fr om 30. 1% t o 5% p r o d uc t increa s es p ara q u at p r o d uc t volume

re q ui reme n t s 6X

• T hi s woul d no t b e p ra ctic ally fea si b le:

- 6X Tra ns p o rt Re q ui reme n t s (m o re t r ucks

, ra ilc ar s

, con t a in er s

)

- Onsit e s t o ra g e (6X num b er o f b ul k t a nks

, o r non

- b ul k mat er i al)

• Si g nific a ntl y mo re cont a in ers fr om which p r o d uc t may b e i lle g ally

d e c a n t ed

- M ix in g lo a d in g a n d cl ea n

- u p a ctiviti es woul d b e increa s ed

• Exam p le: A l falfa a pp l ic a tio n ra t e (1 lb ai/A) cu rre n t l y re q ui res 0.5

g a l /A o f a 30. 1% p r o d uc t b u t woul d re q ui re 3 g a l /A o f a 5% p r o d uc t

.

11 

### Di scuss io n of Add itio n al M ea su r es P ro p o sed B y E PA F or C o ns i d e r ation

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

# T ransp o ra tio n o f In c reased V ol umes o f Dil u t ed P r o du ct

30

. 1%

P rodu c t 5%

P rodu c t

12 DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

# Impa c t o f Dil u tio n o n Di s t r ib u to rs S to rage V ol umes

30

. 1%

P rodu c t

5%

P rodu c t

13 DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

# On F arm S to rage a n d Di sp o sal Impa c t Of Dil u t ed P r o du ct s

30

. 1%

P rodu c t 5%

P rodu c t

14 DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014● 30. 1% p r o d uc t cont a in s 2 lb ai/ g al t hu s 100 g al p r o d uc t t o t reat 200 A.

● 5% p r o d uc t cont a in s 0.3 lb ai/ g al t hu s 600 g al p r o d uc t t o t reat 200 A. 

# Examp l e: T o T reat 20 0 A o f A lf a lf a @ 1 l b a i/A

250 ga ll on

15 DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014● A si g nific a ntl y d ilut ed p r o d uc t may stil l h a v e th e p ot e nti al t o re sul t in a fa t al outcome o r

s

e v ere lon g

- t erm h ea lt h effe ct s fr om an a cci d e nt al in g e stion

.

● R e in f o r c

es th e i m p o r t a nc e o f p re v e ntin g th e ci r cumst a nc es ( t ra ns fer t o b e v era g e o r oth er

cont a in er) th at c an re sul t in a cci d e nt al in g e stion

.

16 

# Add ition al Measures P r o p o sed B y E P A Fo r Co ns i dera tio n

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

# Co n cl us ion

17 

## ● T r a n s f

er of p a r a q u at pr o d u cts in to co n ta in e r s ( d e lib e r ate mi s u s e

) t h at

m ay b e c o nf u s ed f or b e v e r a g e c o n ta in e r s pr es e n t s t h e high e s t p o t e n t i al

f

or unin te n t i o n al co n s u mp t i on of t h e t r a n s f

e rr ed m a t e ri al w i th p ote n t i al

f

or f ata li t i e s

.

● Fo rmul at i o n s in c lud e a dy e

, e m et i c a n d a l e r t in g a g e n ts t o a ddr es s

acc id e n tal ing e s t i on ex p o s ur e s

.

● In co rp o r at i on of t h e pr o p o s e d a ddi t i o n al s te w a r d s hi p m ea s u r e s a re

m a d e to f u r t h er d ec r e as e t h e p ot e n t i al f or acc id e n tal ing e s t i on

e x p o s ur e s b y r e du c in g t h e p ot e n t i al t h at p a r a qu at pr o du cts w o ul d be

t r a n s f

e rr ed in to a co n ta in er t h at m ay b e mi s ta k en f or a b e v e r a g e

.

DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014

# Di s c uss ion

18 DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION WITH EPA ON AUGUST 6, 2014