T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on a nd i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by 9th C i r . R . 36- 3. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T UN I T E D S T AT E S OF AME R I C A,

P l ai nt i ff - A pp el l ee , v . AK OP DA NI YE L YA N,

D e f e n d a n t - A p p e lla n t. N o. 11- 30284 D . C . N o. 2: 10 -c r- 00 31 1-T S Z -7 ME MOR AN DU M *

UN I T E D S T AT E S OF AME R I C A,

P l ai nt i ff - A pp el l ee , v . GR AY R P OG OS OV I C H Y E R I KY AN ,

D e f e n d a n t - A p p e lla n t. N o. 11- 30326 D . C . N o. 2: 10 -c r- 00 31 1-T S Z -6

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe W e s t e rn D i s tr i c tof W a s hi ngt on T hom a s S . Z i l l y , D i s tr i c tJ udge , P r e s i di ng A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d N ove m be r9, 2012

S e a tt l e , W a s hi ngt on 

# FI LED DE C 06 2012 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALST he H on orabl e G ordo n J. Q ui st , S eni or D i stri ctJudg e f or the U . S . D i stri ct ** C ourtf orthe W e s t e rn D i s tr i c tof M i c hi ga n, s i tt i ng by de s i gna t i on. 2 B ef ore: W . F L E T C H E R and F IS H E R , C i rc ui tJudg es , and Q U IS T , D i stri ctJudg e. ** A kop D a ni y e l y a n appe a l s hi s j udgm e ntof c onvi c t i on a nd s e nt e nc e f orone co u n to f co n sp i racy t o co m m i tb an kfrau d an d o n e co u n to f b an kfrau d . G rayr Y e r i ky a n appe a l s hi s s e nt e nc e f orone c ountof

c ons pi r a c yt o c om m i tba nk f r aud, one c ountof

ba nk f r aud a nd one c ountof

c ons pi r a c yt o c om m i tunl a w f ul p r o d u c t i o n o f

i d e n t i f i c a t i o n d o c u me n t s . W e a f f i rm. 1. S uffi ci entevi dence s up po rt ed D ani ye l yan’ s c on vi ct i on for c on spi ra cy t o c om m i tba nk f

r aud a nd f

orba nk f r aud. T he e vi de nc e s how e d tha t , c ons i s t e nt w i th a check-ki t i ng sc hem e des cr i bed b y aco-c on spi ra t or, D ani ye l yan o pened bank ac coun t s i n the nam e of afr audu l entbu si ness , used debi tcards of other frau d u l en tb u si n esses t o p u rch ase h u n d red s o f th o u san d s o f d o l l ars o f ci g arett es, p u r c h a s e d th e c ig a r e tte s b y d r a w in g o n a c c o u n ts w h o s e b a la n c e s w e r e a rtif ic ia lly i nfl at ed and st ay ed i n cl ose c om m un i ca t i on w i th o ther m em bers of the conspi ra cy w h ile p u r c h a s in g th e s e c ig a r e tte s . Se e U ni te d State s v . Chung , 659 F . 3d 815, 823 ( 9th C i r . 2011) ( “ W e r e vi e w the s uf f i c i e nc yof

the e vi de nc e de novo t o de t e rm i ne w h e th e r , ‘v ie w in g th e e v id e n c e in th e lig h t m o s t f a v o r ab le to th e p r o s e c u tio n , any3

r a t i ona l tr i e rof

f a c tc oul d ha ve f

ound the e s s e nt i a l e l e m e nt s of the c r i m e be y ond a r e a s onabl e doubt . ’ ” ( quot i ng J a c k s o n v . V ir g in ia , 44 3 U . S . 30 7, 31 9 (19 79 )) ). 2. T he r e w a s no pl a i n e rr orw he n the pr os e c ut ors t a t e d i n c l os i ng a r gum e nttha tD a ni y e l y a n ha d l i e d t o the ba nk a s s oc i a t e w ho he l pe d hi m ope n the ba nk a c c ount s a nd tha tD a ni y e l y a n ha d l i e d on the s t a nd, be c aus e the pr os e c ut or d i d n o tp erso n al l y v o u ch ag ai n stD an i yel yan ’ s tri al t est i m o n y an d i tw as a r e a s onabl e i nf

e r e nc e f r om the e vi de nc e tha tD a ni y e l y a n ha d l i e d t o ope n the ba nk a c c o u n ts a n d o n th e s ta n d . Se e U ni te d State s v . Mor e land , 622 F . 3d 1147, 1161- 62 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 1 0 ) ; U

ni te d State s v . W

e athe rs poon , 41 0 F . 3d 11 42 , 11 47 n. 3 (9th C i r. 20 05 ). 3. T he di stri ctcourtdi d n otpl ai nl y e rrby em pl oyi ng a three -l evel s e nt e nc i ng e nha nc e m e ntf orY e r i ky a n ba s e d on hi s r ol e a s am a na ge rors upe rvi s or of the c ons pi r a c y . T he e vi de nc e s how e d tha tY e r i ky a n s upe rvi s e d a tl e a s tone c oc o n s p ir a to rin o p e n in g f r au d u le n t b a n ka c c o u n ts . Se e U ni te d State s v . E

gge , 223 F . 3d 11 28 , 11 32 (9th C i r. 20 00 ). 4. T he di s tr i c tc ourtdi d notpl a i nl ye rrby i m pos i ng ac ondi t i on of s upe rvi s e d r e l e a s e tha tpr ohi bi t e d D a ni y e l y a n a nd Y e r i ky a n f r om f r e que nt i ng pl a c e s w he r e c ontr ol l e d s ubs t a nc e s a r e i l l e ga l l ys ol d, us e d, di s tr i but e d or a d m in is te r e d . E v e n if

th e r e le a s e c o n d itio n w a s e rr o r , f o re rr o rto b e “p la in ,” it4

m u s t a f f e c t s u b s ta n tia l r ig h ts , s e e Mor e land , 6 2 2 F .3 d a t 1 1 5 8 , b u t th e r ig h t to f r e que ntpl a c e s w he r e c ontr ol l e d s ubs t a nc e s a r e i l l e ga l l ys ol d, us e d, di s tr i but e d or a dm i ni s t e r e d i s notas ubs t a nt i a l r i ght . W e c ons true thi s c ondi t i on t o e xc l ude u n in te n tio n a l v io la tio n s . Se e U ni te d State s v . V

ega , 54 5 F . 3d 74 3, 75 0 (9th C i r. 20 08 ). A FFI R M ED .