HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLE INDUSTRY 

CHARACTERIZATION

September 30, 2013

EPA Contract No. EP-C-12-011

Work Assignment No. 1-13

Final Report
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL 

VEHICLES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction..................................................................................................................................1

2. Industry Structure.........................................................................................................................3

3. Vocational Vehicle Chassis Manufacturers ..................................................................................4

Chassis Manufacturer Detail By Model ............................................................................................9

4. Vocational Body Manufacturers.................................................................................................15

5. Vocational Vehicle Pricing ..........................................................................................................19

Glossary ..........................................................................................................................................20

Additional Sources..........................................................................................................................21
PAGE | 1

1. Introduction 

“The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Department of Transportation’s National 

Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) issued the first-ever program to reduce greenhouse has 

(GHG) emissions and improve fuel efficiency of heavy-duty trucks and buses in 2011. This program was 

the first phase of a multi-stage GHG reduction approach. The first phase includes regulations for 

vocational vehicles, which are defined in this report as all heavy-duty vehicles that are not heavy-duty 

pickup trucks, vans, or combination tractors. The agencies divided the vocational vehicle segments into 

three categories which align with the existing criteria pollutant standards for heavy-duty engines. The 

three categories are: light-heavy, medium-heavy, and heavy-heavy duty vehicles. Light-heavy duty 

vehicles are defined as Class 2b – 5, medium-heavy vehicles are Class 6 – 7, and heavy-heavy are Class 8 

vehicles based on gross vehicle weight rating.” Class 2b in this report only includes vehicles that are used 

for commercial purposes. This excludes pickup trucks, large SUVs, Vans, and other vehicles that could be 

dual-purposed commercial/non-commercial.

A classification matrix was created to group each vocational truck type into a vocational category. The 

initial matrix is in Table 1.1. During our research, the matrix was revised into Table 1.2 separating Truck 

Rental and School Bus truck types into two more truck categories, Truck Rental and School Bus. Rental 

trucks are used by an individual other than the owner of record; lessees include but are not limited to 

those involved in freight delivery and housing services. Since these vehicles are utilized on an as needed 

basis, the irregular usage pattern sets this category apart from other truck categories. School buses are 

different from other vocational vehicles in that they are used locally and seasonally and generally

accumulate lower annual mileage. Due to these differences, it was determined they did not properly fit in 

an existing category and were given their own individually.

Table 1.1 Preliminary Classification Table 1.2 Final Classification

Truck Category Truck Type Truck Category Truck Type

Freight Delivery

Delivery Walk-in & Conventional Vans

Freight Delivery

Delivery Walk-in & Conventional Vans

Delivery Box Trucks Delivery Box Trucks

Beverage and Food Trucks Beverage and Food Trucks

Tankers Tankers

Armored Vehicles Armored Vehicles

Car Haulers Car Haulers

Housing Construction

Concrete Mixers

Housing Construction

Concrete Mixers

Dump Trucks Dump Trucks

Logging Trucks Logging Trucks

Stake Bed/Landscape Trucks Stake Bed/Landscape Trucks

Truck Rentals Truck Rentals Truck Rentals

Municipal Services

Refuse & Recycling School Buses School Buses

School Buses

Municipal Services

Refuse & Recycling

Utility Trucks Utility Trucks

Tree Trimmers Tree Trimmers

Plow Trucks Plow Trucks

Street Sweepers Street Sweepers

Transit, Para transit, and Shuttle Buses Transit, Para transit, and Shuttle Buses

Emergency Services

Fire Trucks

Emergency Services

Fire Trucks

Ambulances Ambulances

Tow/Recovery Vehicles Tow/Recovery Vehicles

Recreational Travel

Recreational Vehicles

Recreational Travel

Recreational Vehicles

Motor Coaches Motor Coaches

Tow Vehicles Tow Vehicles
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 2

Throughout this report, small businesses will be designated by an asterisk (*). Table 1.3 outlines the SBA 

standard for each component group examined in this report. The number of employees for each business 

was obtained through the manufacturer website, internet research, manta.com, or findthecompany.com.

Table 1.3 SBA Small Business Size Criteria.1

Component

NAICS 

Code NAICS Industry Description

Size Standard 

in Number of 

Employees

Size 

Standard in 

Revenue

Chassis 336120 Heavy Duty Truck Manufacturing 1,000

Body 336211 Motor Vehicle Body Manufacturing 1,000

Engine, 

Transmission, 

Axles

336350 Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts 

Manufacturing 750

 

1 U.S. Small Business Administration. (n.d.). sba.gov. Retrieved from 

http://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/files/size_table_07222013.pdf
PAGE | 3

2. Industry Structure

A new vocational vehicle is comprised of products from many suppliers. The primary two suppliers are 

the chassis and body builders. Secondary suppliers provide major components to the primary suppliers; 

examples include engines and engine parts, transmissions, suspensions, axles and brakes. Secondary 

suppliers include companies such as Allison, Meritor, Bendix, Dana, Eaton, Hendrickson, TRW and ZF. They 

provide the same assembly or components to multiple OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturer) as well 

as supplying aftermarket parts to both OEMs and parts distributors. 

Table 2.1 Major OEM Component Suppliers

Transmission Axle Brake Clutch Drive Line Suspension

OEMs X X X X X X

Allison X

Meritor X X X X X X

Bendix X

Dana X X X X

Eaton X X

Hendrickson X X

TRW X X

ZF X X X X

The major OEM heavy-duty truck manufacturers have slowly evolved into offering proprietary 

components and integrated vehicles despite opposition from major fleet customers and major suppliers. 

Truck Manufacturers are attempting to minimize fleets’ options when specifying new trucks by limiting 

choices of component suppliers ultimately reducing the cost of producing a truck. By limiting choices, 

specifically engines, fleets are forced to return to the OEM when aftermarket parts are needed. Mack has 

done this for years and other OEMs are moving in this direction starting with engines and drivetrain 

components.

In the U.S. heavy-duty market, most new vocational vehicles are produced in two stages. Stage one is cab 

chassis production at a truck or chassis manufacturer. A typical cab chassis configuration will have a 

finished cab and engine compartment, but blank frame rails behind the cab to accept a number of 

different vocational body types. In some cases, particularly Class A RVs and Step Vans, the vocational body 

dictates that only a chassis is needed. These are fully functioning rolling chassis with a complete drive 

train, firewall with a steering wheel and some dashboard components. For the purposes of this report, 

when the word ‘chassis’ is used, it is understood to mean both cab chassis and chassis. Stage two is the 

application of the body to the chassis. This application is completed either at the body company or at an 

outlet designated by the body company. Some manufacturers produce an integrated body and chassis 

together; some buses are manufactured in this manner. 
PAGE | 4

3. Vocational Vehicle Chassis Manufacturers

Section 3 details vocational vehicles’ primary chassis manufacturers. Table 3.1 contains manufacturers 

that currently produce light-heavy and medium-heavy truck chassis and the primary powertrain 

component manufacturers. Table 3.2 contains medium-heavy and heavy-heavy chassis manufacturers 

and the primary powertrain component manufacturers. Table 3.3 contains bus chassis manufacturers and 

the primary powertrain component manufacturers. This information was gathered using the 2013 Diesel 

Truck Index2 and the respective manufacturers’ web-sites3. These tables represent approximately 95% of 

the primary vocational chassis produced and sold annually. 

Table 3.1 Summary of Primary Light-Heavy and Medium-Heavy (Class 2b – 5) 

Chassis and Component Manufacturers

Vocational Vehicle Component

Chassis Engine Transmission Axle

Ram (Chrysler) Cummins Aisin AT Dana

Ford Ford Ford AT Ford, Dana Spicer

Mitsubishi Fuso Mitsubishi Fuso Mitsubishi Fuso AT not specified

Isuzu Isuzu Aisin AT not specified

Freightliner Custom 

Chassis Mercedes-Benz, Cummins Allison AT Axle Alliance Co, Detroit

Hino Hino Aisin AT Meritor

International Maxxforce Allison AT Dana Spicer

Freightliner Cummins, Cummins 

Westport (Nat Gas)

Eaton MT,AMT, Hybrid; 

Allison AT; Mercedes-Benz 

MT

Meritor, Detroit

Kenworth Paccar Eaton MT; Allison AT Dana Spicer

Peterbilt Paccar Eaton MT, AMT; Allison AT Dana Spicer

General Motors DMAX (GM/Isuzu) Allison AT not specified

Spartan Chassis DMAX (GM/Isuzu) not specified not specified

Note: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission

 

2 Diesel Truck Index, Published by Truck Index Inc., Santa Ana, CA 2013

3 See sources section
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 5

Table 3.2 Summary of Primary Medium-Heavy and Heavy-Heavy (Class 6 – 8) 

Chassis and Component Manufacturers

Vocational Vehicle Component

Chassis Engine Transmission Axle

Kenworth

Paccar, Cummins, Cummins 

Westport (Nat Gas), Westport 

Innovations

Eaton MT, AMT, Hybrid; 

Allison AT

Watson-Chalin*, Dana 

Spicer, Meritor

Peterbilt

Paccar, Cummins, Cummins 

Westport (Nat Gas), Westport 

Innovations

Eaton MT, AMT; Allison 

AT; Eaton Hybrid

Fabco*, Dana Spicer, 

Meritor, MarmonHerrington

Mack Mack, Cummins, Cummins 

Westport (Nat Gas)

Mack MT; Eaton MT, 

Hybrid; Allison AT

Mack, Dana Spicer, 

Meritor, Hendrickson

Volvo Volvo, Cummins, Cummins 

Westport (Nat Gas)

Eaton MT and AMT; 

Allison AT; Volvo AMT

Volvo, Dana Spicer, 

Meritor, Hendrickson

International Cummins, Maxxforce, Cummins 

Westport (Nat Gas)

Eaton MT, AMT, Hybrid; 

Allison AT

Fabco*, AxleTech*, Dana 

Spicer, Hendrickson, 

Meritor

Western Star Cummins, Detroit Eaton MT and AMT; 

Allison AT

AxleTech*, Dana Spicer, 

Hendrickson, Meritor, 

Detroit, Sisu

Freightliner Cummins, Detroit, Cummins 

Westport (Nat Gas)

Eaton MT, AMT, Hybrid; 

Allison AT; Detroit AT; 

Mercedes-Benz MT

Watson-Chalin*, Dana 

Spicer, Meritor, Detroit, 

Hendrickson

Freightliner Custom 

Chassis Cummins, Detroit, Mercedes-Benz Allison AT

ZF, Meritor, Ingersoll, 

Axle Alliance Company, 

Detroit

Spartan Chassis Cummins Allison AT Meritor, Hendrickson

Ford Cummins; Ford (Nat Gas, Propane) Eaton MT; Allison AT; 

Dana AT Dana Spicer, Meritor

Hino Hino Allison AT Meritor

Note: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 6

Table 3.3 Summary of Primary 

Bus Manufacturers and Component Manufacturers (Class 2b – 8)

Vocational Vehicle Component

Chassis Engine Transmission Axle

Gillig Cummins Allison AT, hybrid drive; Voith AT; 

ZF AT Not specified

Nova Bus Cummins, Cummins 

Westport

Allison AT, hybrid drive; Voith AT; 

ZF AT ZF

New Flyer Cummins, Cummins 

Westport

Allison AT, hybrid drive; BAE 

HybriDrive(R); Voith AT; ZF AT Dana, MAN

NABI (recently acquired by 

New Flyer)

Cummins, Cummins 

Westport Allison AT, hybrid drive; ZF AT Meritor

Thomas

Cummins, Cummins 

Westport, Powertrain 

Integration (Propane)

Allison AT not specified

Freightliner Custom Chassis Cummins Allison AT Axle Alliance 

Company, Meritor

Blue Bird Cummins, Ford (Propane) Ford AT; Allison AT not specified

IC Bus Maxxforce, Cummins Allison AT not specified

Spartan Chassis Cummins Allison AT not specified

General Motors DMAX (GM/Isuzu) Allison AT not specified

Note: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 7

Table 3.4 outlines the specifications of each engine model available on at least one make and model; 

many of these engines are available across multiple makes and models. Only diesel and alternative fuel 

engines are listed as they are the most representative of the heavy-duty vocational vehicle market.

Table 3.4 2013 Class 2b – 8 Engine Manufacturers

Make Model HP Range

Torque 

Range (lb-ft) Configuration Displacement (L)

Fuel

Cummins

ISB 200 - 375 520 - 750 Inline - 6 6.7 Diesel

ISC 260 - 380 660 - 1050 Inline - 6 8.3 Diesel

ISL 260 - 380 720 - 1250 Inline - 6 8.9 Diesel

ISM 280 - 330 925 - 1150 Inline - 6 10.8 Diesel

ISX12 310 - 425 1150 -1650 Inline - 6 11.9 Diesel

ISX15 400 - 600 1450 - 2050 Inline - 6 14.9 Diesel

Cummins Westport

ISL G 250 - 320 730 - 1100 Inline - 6 8.9 CNG, LNG, 

Biomethane

ISX12 G 320 - 400 1150 - 1450 Inline - 6 11.9 CNG, LNG, 

Biomethane

Westport Innovations HD15 400 - 475 1450 - 1750 Inline - 6 15 LNG

Daimler 8.0 LPG 350 500 V8 8 Propane

DMAX (Isuzu/GM) Duramax 300 520 V8 6.6 Diesel

Detroit Diesel

DD13 350 - 470 1350 - 1650 Inline - 6 12.8 Diesel

DD15/15TC 455 - 505 1550 - 1750 Inline - 6 14.8 Diesel

DD16 475 - 600 1750 - 2050 Inline - 6 15.6 Diesel

Ford

Power Stroke 300 660 V8 6.7 Diesel

Triton V10 362 457 V10 6.8 CNG, LNG, 

Propane

Hino

J05E 210 440 Inline - 4 5.0 Diesel

J08E 220-260 520-660 Inline - 6 8.0 Diesel

Powertrain 

Integration N/A 350 500 V8 8.0 Propane
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 8

Table 3.4 (continued) 2013 Class 2b – 8 Engine Manufacturers.

Make Model HP Range

Torque 

Range (lb-ft) Configuration Displacement (L)

Fuel

Isuzu

4JJ1-TC 150 282 Inline - 4 3 Diesel

4HK1-TC 215 452 Inline - 4 5.2 Diesel

Mack

MP7 325 - 405 1200 - 1560 Inline - 6 11 Diesel

MP8 415 - 505 1460 - 1760 Inline - 6 12.78 Diesel

MP10 515 - 605 1860 - 2060 Inline - 6 16 Diesel

Maxxforce (Navistar)

7 220 - 300 560 - 660 V8 6.4 Diesel

DT 215 - 300 560 - 860 Inline - 6 7.6 Diesel

9 300 - 330 860 - 950 Inline - 6 9.3 Diesel

10 310 - 350 1050 - 1150 Inline - 6 9.3 Diesel

11 330 - 390 1250 - 1450 Inline - 6 10.5 Diesel

13 410 - 475 1450 - 1700 Inline - 6 12.4 Diesel

Mercedes-Benz

V6-CDI 188 325 V6 3 Diesel

MBE926 250 - 330 800 - 1000 Inline - 6 7.2 Diesel

Mitsubishi 4P10(T5) 161 295 Inline - 4 3 Diesel

Paccar

PX-7 200 - 360 520 - 800 Inline - 6 6.7 Diesel

PX-9 260 - 450 720 - 1250 Inline - 6 8.9 Diesel

MX-13 380 - 500 1450 -1850 Inline - 6 12.9 Diesel

Volvo

D11 325 - 405 1250 - 1450 Inline - 6 10.8 Diesel

D13 375 - 500 1450 - 1750 Inline - 6 12.8 Diesel

D13-LNG 455 1750 Inline - 6 12.8 LNG

D13-DME 460 1750 Inline - 6 12.8 Dimethyl Ether

D15 500 - 550 1850 Inline - 6 16.1 Diesel
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 9

Chassis Manufacturer Detail By Model

Chassis manufacturer specifications were gathered using the 2013 Diesel Truck Index2 and the respective 

manufacturers’ web-sites3. Table 3.5 contains manufacturers that currently produce light-heavy and 

medium-heavy truck chassis and the primary powertrain component manufacturers. Table 3.6 contains 

medium-heavy and heavy-heavy chassis manufacturers and the primary powertrain component 

manufacturers. Table 3.7 contains bus chassis manufacturers and the primary powertrain component 

manufacturers. Vocation classification for each chassis model was established through online research, 

predominantly through dealer and manufacturer websites. 

Table 3.5 Light-Heavy and Medium-Heavy Chassis Manufacturer Detail

Note: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission

 

2 Diesel Truck Index, Published by Truck Index Inc., Santa Ana, CA 2013

3 See Sources page

Make Model Class

Engine Make and 

Model Transmission

Axle 

Manufacturer

Axle 

Configuration

Freight 

Delivery

Housing 

Construction

Municipal 

Services

Emergency 

Services

Recreational 

Travel Rental

3500 2b-3 Cummins ISB Aisin AT Dana 4X2, 4X4 X X X X X

4500 4-5 Cummins ISB Aisin AT Dana 4X2, 4X4 X X X X X

5500 5 Cummins ISB Aisin AT Dana 4X2, 4X4 X X X X X

F350 2b-3

Ford Powerstroke 

V8 Ford Ford, Dana 4X2, 4X4 X X X X X X

F450 4-5

Ford Powerstroke 

V8, Triton V10 

(Nat Gas) Ford Ford, Dana 4X2, 4X4 X X X X X X

F550 5

Ford Powerstroke 

V8, Triton V10 

(Nat Gas) Ford Ford, Dana 4X2, 4X4 X X X X X X

F650 6

Cummins ISB; 

Ford Triton V10 

(Nat Gas)

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT; 

Dana AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2 X X X X X X

F750 7

Cummins ISB; 

Ford Triton V10 

(Nat Gas); 

Cummins ISB 

with Remy 

Electric Motor

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT; 

Dana AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2 X X X X X X

Freightliner Sprinter 3-4

Mercedes-Benz 

V6-CDI

MercedesBenznot 

specified 4X2 X X X X X

Freightliner 

Custom 

Chassis

MT (Step 

Van) 4-5

Cummins ISB; 

Enova Electric

Allison AT, 

Parker 

Hannifin 

Hybrid

Axle 

Alliance Co 4X2 X X X X

General 

Motors

3500 Chassis 

Cab 3 DMAX Duramax Allison AT G M 4X2, 4X4 X X X X X X

195 5 Hino J05E

Aisin AT; 

Hybrid AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X X X

238/258/268 6 Hino J08E Allison AT Meritor 4X2 X X X X X

338 7 Hino J08E Allison AT Meritor 4X2 X X X X

N Series 3-5

Isuzu 4JJ1-TC, 

4HK1-TC Aisin AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X X X

Reach 3 Isuzu 4JJ1-TC Aisin AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X X

Mitsubishi

FE125/FG4X4/

FE160/FE180 3

Mitsubishi 

4P10(T5)

Mitsubishi 

Fuso AMT

not 

specified 4X2 X X X X

Ram

Ford

Isuzu

Hino
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 10

Table 3.6 Medium-Heavy and Heavy-Heavy Chassis Manufacturer Detail

Note: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.

Make Model Class

Engine Make and 

Model Transmission

Axle 

Manufacturer

Axle 

Configuration

Freight 

Delivery

Housing 

Construction

Municipal 

Services

Emergency 

Services

Recreational 

Travel Rental

210 6 Paccar PX-7 Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2 X

220 7 Paccar PX-7 Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2 X

320 8

Cummins ISL, 

ISX12; Cummins 

Westport ISL-G, 

ISX12-G

Eaton MT, 

Allison AT, 

Eaton 

Hydraulic 

Lauch Assist

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4, 8X4 X X X X X

325 5 Paccar PX-7

Eaton MT, 

Allison AT Dana Spicer 4X2 X X X X X

330 7 Paccar PX-7

Eaton 

Hybrid, MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT Dana Spicer 4X2 X X X X

337 7 Paccar PX-7, PX-9

Eaton 

Hybrid, MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Fabco*, 

MarmonHerrington 4X2 X X X X X

348 8 Paccar PX-7, PX-9

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Fabco*, 

MarmonHerrington 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

365 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISL, 

ISX12; Cummins 

Westport ISL-G, 

ISX12-G

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor, 

MarmonHerrington 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

367 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISX12, 

ISX15; Westport 

HD15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor, 

MarmonHerrington 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

567 8

Paccar PX-9, MX13; Cummins 

ISX12, ISX15; 

Westport HD15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4, 8X4 X X X X X

382 (Tractor) 8

Cummins ISL; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

384 (Tractor) 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISL, 

ISX12; Cummins 

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

386 (Tractor) 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISX12, 

ISX15; Westport 

HD15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X

389 (Tractor) 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4, 8X4 X X X X X

579 (Tractor) 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISX12, 

ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X

587 (Tractor) 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

4700 8

Cummins ISL, 

Detroit DD13

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Detroit 4X2, 6X4 X X

4800 8 Detroit DD13

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT

Sisu, 

Meritor, 

Detroit 4X2, 4X4, 6X4 X X X

4900 8

Detroit DD13, 

DD15 TC, DD16; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Detroit, 

Hendrickson

, Meritor, 

Sisu

4X2, 4X4, 6X4, 

6X6, 8X4 X X X X

6900 8

Detroit DD15 TC, 

DD16; Cummins 

ISX15

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Sisu, 

Axletech*, 

Meritor

 6X4, 6X6, 

8X4, 8X6, 8X8, 

8X10 X X

Western Star

Peterbilt
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 11

Table 3.6 (continued) Medium-Heavy and Heavy-Heavy Chassis Manufacturer Detail

Note: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.

Make Model Class

Engine Make and 

Model Transmission

Axle 

Manufacturer

Axle 

Configuration

Freight 

Delivery

Housing 

Construction

Municipal 

Services

Emergency 

Services

Recreational 

Travel Rental

T170 5 Paccar PX-7

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT Dana Spicer 4X2 X X X

K270 6 Paccar PX-7 Allison AT Dana Spicer 4X2 X X X X

K370 7 Paccar PX-7 Allison AT Dana Spicer 4X2 X X X X

T270 6 Paccar PX-7

Allison AT; 

Eaton 

Hybrid Dana Spicer 4X2, 4X4 X X X X X

T370 7 Paccar PX-7, PX-9

Eaton MT, 

AMT, Hybrid; 

Allison MT Dana Spicer

4X2, 4X4, 6X4, 

6X6 X X X X X

T440 8

Paccar PX-7, PX-9; 

Cummins ISL-G

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

T470 8

Paccar PX-9; 

Cummins ISL; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

C500 8 Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor

4X2, 6X4, 6X6, 

8X4 Twin 

Steer X X X

T880 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

WatsonChalin*, 

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor

Single, 

Tandem, 

Tridem X X X X X

W900 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISX12, 

ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 6X4 X X X X

T800 8

Paccar MX-13; 

Cummins ISX15; 

Westport HD15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison MT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor

6X4, 8X4 

Twin Steer X X X X X

T660, 680, 700 

(Tractors) 8 Paccar MX-13

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 6X4 X X X X

TerraStar 5-6 Maxxforce 7 Allison AT Dana Spicer 4X2, 4X4 X X

DuraStar 6-8

Maxxforce DT, 9, 

10; Cummins ISB

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 4X4, 6X4 X X X X X

PayStar 8

Maxxforce 13; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 6X6, 8X6 X X X X

WorkStar 8

Maxxforce DT, 9, 

10, 13

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

AxleTech*, 

Fabco*, 

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor

4X2, 4X4, 6X4, 

6X6, 8X6 X X X X X

TranStar 8

Maxxforce 13; 

Cummins ISL-G

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana Spicer, 

Hendrickson

, Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X

9900 (Tractor) 8 Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Dana Spicer, 

Meritor 6X4 X X X X

LoneStar 

(Tractor) 8 Maxxforce 13

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Dana Spicer, 

Hendrickson

, Meritor 6X4 X X X X

ProStar 

(Tractor) 8

Maxxforce 13; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Dana Spicer, 

Hendrickson

, Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X

International

Kenworth
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 12

Table 3.6 (continued) Medium-Heavy and Heavy-Heavy Chassis Manufacturer Detail

Note1: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission

Note2: Class A under Spartan Chassis references a motor home classification. Class A is the largest motorhome resembling a bus.

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.

Make Model Class

Engine Make and 

Model Transmission

Axle 

Manufacturer

Axle 

Configuration

Freight 

Delivery

Housing 

Construction

Municipal 

Services

Emergency 

Services

Recreational 

Travel Rental

M2 - 106 5-8 Cummins ISB, ISL

Eaton MT, 

AMT; MB 

MT, Allison 

AT

Detroit, 

Meritor

4X2, 4X4, 6X2, 

6X4, 6X6, 8X4 X X X X X

M2 - 112 7-8

Cummins ISL; 

Detroit DD13; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Detroit, 

Meritor

4X2, 4X4, 6X2, 

6X4, 6X6, 8X4 X X X X X

108SD 7-8 Cummins ISB, ISL

Eaton MT; 

Allison AT

Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Detroit, 

Watson 

Chalin*, 

Hendrickson

4X2, 4X4, 6X2, 

6X4, 6X6, 8X4 X X

114SD 7-8

Cummins ISL; 

Detroit DD13; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Detroit, 

Watson 

Chalin*, 

Hendrickson 4X2, 6X4, 8X4 X X X X

Coronado SD 8

Detroit DD13, 

DD15 TC, DD16; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Detroit, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4, 8X4 X X X X X

Cascadia 

Evolution 

(Tractor) 8

Detroit Diesel 

DD13, DD15

Eaton MT; 

Detroit AMT, 

Allison AT

Detroit, 

Meritor 6X4 X X X X X

Cascadia 

(Tractor) 8

Detroit DD13, 

DD15 TC, DD16; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Detroit, 

Meritor 6X4 X X X X X

Coronado 

(Tractor) 8

Detroit DD13, 

DD15 TC, DD16; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Detroit, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4 X X X X X

MB-65 5-7 Cummins ISB Allison AT

Axle 

Alliance Co, 

Meritor 4X2 X

S 2 5-7 Cummins ISB Allison AT

Axle 

Alliance Co 4X2 X

S2C 5-7 Cummins ISB Allison AT

Axle 

Alliance Co 4X2 X X

S2G 5-7 Propane Allison AT Detroit 4X2 X X

S2 Armored 5-7

Cummins ISB, 

Mercedes-Benz 

MBE 926 Allison AT

Axle 

Alliance Co 4X2 X X

XB-S 6-7 Cummins ISB Allison AT

Axle 

Alliance Co 4X2 X

XB-R 6-8 Cummins ISB Allison AT

Axle 

Alliance Co 4X2 X

XB-P 8 Cummins ISM Allison AT

ZF, Meritor, 

Ingersoll 4X2 X

MC-L 5 Cummins ISB Allison AT

Axle 

Alliance Co 4X2 X

FRED 6-7 Cummins ISB Allison AT Henrickson 4X2 X

XC-L/M/R/S 7-8

Cummins ISB, ISC, 

ISL Allison AT

Axle 

Alliance Co 4X2 X

S L 8 Detroit DD13 Allison AT ZF, Meritor 4X2 X

K3 A Cummins ISX15 Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X

K2 A Cummins ISX15 Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X

MM GT A Cummins ISL Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X

NVS A Cummins ISL Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X

Gladiator 8

Cummins ISL, 

ISX15 Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X

Metro Star 8 Cummins ISC, ISL Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X

Metro Star X 8 Cummins ISC Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X

Metro Star RT 6 - 7 Cummins ISC, ISL Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X

Spartan 

Chassis

Freightliner 

Custom 

Chassis

Freightliner
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 13

Table 3.6 (continued) Medium-Heavy and Heavy-Heavy Chassis Manufacturer Detail

Note: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.

Make Model Class

Engine Make and 

Model Transmission

Axle 

Manufacturer

Axle 

Configuration

Freight 

Delivery

Housing 

Construction

Municipal 

Services

Emergency 

Services

Recreational 

Travel Rental

Granite 8

Mack MP7, MP8; 

Cummins ISL

Mack MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT; 

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Mack, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4, 8X6 X X X X X

Terra Pro 8

Mack MP7; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Mack MT, 

Allison AT, 

Eaton MT

Mack, 

Meritor 4X2, 6X4, 8X6 X X

Pinnacle 

(Tractor) 8

Mack MP7, MP8; 

Cummins ISL

Mack MT, 

AMT; 

Allison AT; 

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Mack, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson 4X2, 6X4, 8X6 X X X X X

Titan 

(Tractor) 8 Mack MP10

Mack MT, 

Eaton MT, 

AMT

Mack, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor 6X4, 8X6 X X X X

VHD 200/430 8 Volvo D11, D13

Eaton MT, 

AMT; Volvo 

AMT; 

Allison AT

Volvo, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson 6X4, 8X4, 8X6 X X X X

VNM200 

(Tractor) 8

Volvo D11, D13; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Eaton MT, 

AT; Volvo 

AMT, 

Allison AT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson 4X2, 6X2, 6X4 X

VNM430 

(Tractor) 8 Volvo D11, D13

Eaton MT, 

AT; Volvo 

AMT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson 4X2, 6X2, 6X4 X

VNM630 

(Tractor) 8 Volvo D11, D13

Eaton MT, 

AT; Volvo 

AMT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson 4X2, 6X2, 6X4 X

VNL300 

(Tractor) 8

Volvo D11, D13, 

D15, D13-LNG, 

D13-DME; 

Cummins ISX15; 

Cummins 

Westport ISX12-G

Eaton MT, 

AMT; Volvo 

AMT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson

4X2, 6X2, 6X4, 

8X4, 8X6 X X X X

VNL430 

(Tractor) 8

Volvo D11, D13, 

D15; Cummins 

ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; Volvo 

AMT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson

4X2, 6X2, 6X4, 

8X4, 8X6 X X X X

VNL630 

(Tractor) 8

Volvo D11, D13, 

D15; Cummins 

ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; Volvo 

AMT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson

4X2, 6X2, 6X4, 

8X4, 8X6 X X X X

VNL670 

(Tractor) 8

Volvo D13, D15; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; Volvo 

AMT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson

4X2, 6X2, 6X4, 

8X4, 8X6 X X X X

VNL780 

(Tractor) 8

Volvo D13, D15; 

Cummins ISX15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; Volvo 

AMT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor, 

Hendrickson

4X2, 6X2, 6X4, 

8X4, 8X6 X X X X

VNX (Tractor) 8 Volvo D15

Eaton MT, 

AMT; Volvo 

AMT

Volvo, Dana 

Spicer, 

Meritor 6X4, 8X4, 8X6 X X X X

Mack

Volvo
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 14

Table 3.7 Bus Chassis Manufacturer Detail

Note: MT= manual transmission; AMT = automated manual transmission; AT = automatic transmission

Make Model Class

Engine Make and 

Model Transmission

Axle 

Manufacturer

Axle 

Configuration

Freight 

Delivery

Housing 

Construction

Municipal 

Services

Emergency 

Services

Recreational 

Travel Rental

School 

Bus

Bus/Trolley 8

Cummins ISB, 

ISC, ISM

Allison AT, 

Hybrid; ZF AT; 

Voith AT

Not 

specified 2 - axle X

LFS, LFX 8 Cummins ISB, ISL

Allison AT, 

Hybrid; ZF AT; 

Voith AT Z F

2 - axle, 3 - 

axle 

articulated X

BRT 8

Cummins ISB, ISL; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Allison AT, 

Hybrid; ZF AT Meritor

2 - axle, 3 - 

axle 

articulated X

LFW 8

Cummins ISB, ISL; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Allison AT, 

Hybrid; ZF AT Meritor 2 - axle X

Standard Floor 8 Cummins ISL Allison AT Meritor 2 - axle X

MiDi 5 Cummins ISB Allison AT Dana 2 - axle X

Xcelsior 6-8

Cummins ISB, ISL; 

Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Allison AT, 

hybrid drive; 

BAE 

HybriDrive(R), 

Voith AT, ZF 

AT MAN

2 - axle, 3 - 

axle 

articulated X

LFS HEV 8 Cummins ISB Allison Hybrid Z F 2 - axle X

Nova LFS 8 Cummins ISB, ISL

Allison AT, 

hybrid drive; 

BAE 

HybriDrive(R), 

Voith AT, ZF 

AT Z F

2 - axle, 3 - 

axle 

articulated X

Vision 6

Cummins ISB; 

Ford Triton V10 

(Propane) Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

All American RE 7 Cummins ISB, ISL Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

All American FE 7 Cummins ISB, ISL Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

AE/AC 4 Maxxforce 7 Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

B E 5 Maxxforce 7 Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

CE 6

Maxxforce 7, DT; 

Cummins ISB Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

H C 7 Maxxforce 7, DT Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

R E 7 Maxxforce DT Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

General 

Motors

Express/ 

Savana 2b-4 DMAX Duramax Allison AT

not 

specified 4X2 X X

Low-Floor 

Kneeling Bus 4 DMAX Duramax not specified

not 

specified

not 

specified X X

Front-Engine 

Bus Chassis 6 Cummins ISB Allison AT

not 

specified

not 

specified X X

C2 3

Cummins ISB; 

Powertrain 

Integration 

Propane V8

Allison

not 

specified 4X2 X X

EFX 6 Cummins ISB 

Allison not 

specified 4X2 X X

HDX 7

Cummins ISB, 

ISC; Cummins 

Westport ISL-G

Allison not 

specified 4X2 X X

Thomas

IC Bus

Blue Bird

Spartan 

Chassis

Nova Bus

NABI

Gillig

New Flyer
PAGE | 15

4. Vocational Body Manufacturers 

Table 4.1 lists primary vocational body builders, designated vocations and truck types produced. This list 

is not all-inclusive and lists primary body builders that were identified through our industry knowledge 

and online research. Online research was also conducted utilizing the Trailer-Body Builder magazine 

website - specifically the Truck Body news section4 and the Buyer’s guide section5. Once manufacturers

were identified, further online research was conducted via the manufacturers’ websites to determine the 

vehicle truck types produced. Subsequent searches were conducted to identify whether or not the 

manufacturer was a small business as outlined in Table 1.3. Businesses listed in Table 4.1 fall under NAICS 

code 336211 and are categorized as a small business if they have fewer than 1,000 employees. Those that 

are small businesses are noted with an asterisk (*).

Table 4.1 Primary Vocational Body Builder

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.

 

4 http://directory.trailer-bodybuilders.com/Main/DirectoryHome.aspx

5 http://trailer-bodybuilders.com/truck-bodies

Body Builder Company

Delivery Walk-In 

& Conventional 

Vans

Delivery 

Box 

Trucks

Beverage 

and Food 

Trucks Tankers

Armored 

Vehicles

Car 

Haulers

Concrete 

Mixers

Dump 

Trucks

Logging 

Trucks

Stake-Bed 

Landscape 

Trucks

Moving 

Trucks

Able Weldbuilt Industries* X

Airflo X

Alum-Line* X

American Coach*

American Emergency Vehicles*

American LaFrance*

Amthor International* X

Armored Solutions Inc* X

Blue Bird

Braun Northwest

Brown Cargo Van* X X X

Cemen Tech* X

Cite Armored* X

Coachmen RV*

Dakota Bodies*

Dueco*

Duraclass* X

Dynamic Manufacturing* X

Elgin Sweeper*

Elkin Hi-Tech X

EZ Pack*

Ferrara*

Fleetwood RV*

General Truck Body* X X X X X

Gillig*

Girardin*

Glaval Bus*

Godwin* X

Griffin Armor* X

Gulf Stream*

Hackney USA* X

Hassell Fabrication* X

Freight Delivery Housing Construction

Body Builders By Vocation
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 16

Table 4.1 (continued) Primary Vocational Body Builders

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.

Body Builder Company

Refuse and 

Recycling

Utility 

Trucks

Tree 

Trimmers

Plow 

Trucks

Street 

Sweepers

Transit, 

Para 

transit, 

Shuttle 

Buses

Fire 

Trucks Ambulances

Tow/Recovery 

Vehicles

Motor 

Coaches

Tow 

Vehicle School Bus

Able Weldbuilt Industries* X

Airflo X

Alum-Line*

American Coach* X

American Emergency Vehicles* X

American LaFrance* X X

Amthor International*

Armored Solutions Inc*

Blue Bird X

Braun Northwest X X

Brown Cargo Van* X

Cemen Tech*

Cite Armored*

Coachmen RV* X

Dakota Bodies* X

Dueco* X X

Duraclass*

Dynamic Manufacturing* X

Elgin Sweeper* X

Elkin Hi-Tech

EZ Pack* X

Ferrara* X

Fleetwood RV*

General Truck Body*

Gillig* X

Girardin* X X

Glaval Bus* X

Gillig* X

Griffin Armor*

Gulf Stream* X

Hackney USA* X

Hassell Fabrication*

Body Builders By Vocation

Municipal Services Emergency Services Recreational Travel
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 17

Table 4.1 (continued) Primary Vocational Body Builders

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.

Body Builder Company

Delivery Walk-In 

& Conventional 

Vans

Delivery 

Box 

Trucks

Beverage 

and Food 

Trucks Tankers

Armored 

Vehicles

Car 

Haulers

Concrete 

Mixers

Dump 

Trucks

Logging 

Trucks

Stake-Bed 

Landscape 

Trucks

Moving 

Trucks

Heil Environmental

Hercules X X X

Hi-Way* X

Hodges Haulers* X

Holcombe Mixers X

IC Corporation

J&J Truck Bodies And Trailers* X X

Jerr-Dan*

JMAC Industries* X

Kann Manufacturing*

Knapheide* X X X X

Lenco* X

Lion Bus

MCI

McNeilus* X

Meyer Products*

Mickey Truck Bodies* X X

Miller Industries* X

Morgan Corporation X X X

NABI*

New Flyer*

Newmar*

Nova Bus*

NRC Industries* X

Ox Bodies* X X

Pak-Mor*

Palfinger X X

Paramount Truck Body*

Peterson Industries* X

Pierce Manufacturing

Progress Tank* X

Rescue1*

Rugby* X X

Seagrave* X

Schodorf Truck Body*

Schwarze Industries*

Spartan

Stahl*

Supreme Corporation X X X X X X

SVI*

The Armored Group* X

Thomas

Thor Motor Coach

Tiffin Motorhomes*

Trans-Tech Industries* X

Tymco*

US Truck Body* X X X

Utilimaster X X X

Utility Bodywerks*

Wayne Engineering*

Western Truck Fab* X

Wheeled Coach*

Wil-Ro* X X X

Winnebago Industries

Zimmerman Industries* X

Body Builders By Vocation

Freight Delivery Housing Construction
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 18

Table 4.1 (continued) Primary Vocational Body Builders

*Indicates company is considered a small business as defined by the SBA.

Body Builder Company

Refuse and 

Recycling

Utility 

Trucks

Tree 

Trimmers

Plow 

Trucks

Street 

Sweepers

Transit, 

Para 

transit, 

Shuttle 

Buses

Fire 

Trucks Ambulances

Tow/Recovery 

Vehicles

Motor 

Coaches

Tow 

Vehicle School Bus

Heil Environmental X

Hercules

Hi-Way* X

Hodges Haulers*

Holcombe Mixers

IC Corporation X

J&J Truck Bodies And Trailers*

Jerr-Dan* X

JMAC Industries*

Kann Manufacturing* X

Knapheide* X X X X

Lenco*

Lion Bus X

MCI X

McNeilus* X

Meyer Products* X

Mickey Truck Bodies*

Miller Industries* X

Morgan Corporation

NABI* X

New Flyer* X

Newmar* X

Nova Bus* X

NRC Industries* X

Ox Bodies*

Pak-Mor* X

Palfinger X X X

Paramount Truck Body* X

Peterson Industries* X X

Pierce Manufacturing X

Progress Tank*

Rescue1* X

Rugby*

Seagrave* X

Schodorf Truck Body* X

Schwarze Industries* X

Spartan X X

Stahl* X

Supreme Corporation X X

SVI* X X

The Armored Group*

Thomas X

Thor Motor Coach X

Tiffin Motorhomes* X

Trans-Tech Industries*

Tymco* X

US Truck Body*

Utilimaster X

Utility Bodywerks* X

Wayne Engineering* X X

Western Truck Fab* X

Wheeled Coach* X

Wil-Ro* X

Winnebago Industries X

Zimmerman Industries*

Body Builders By Vocation

Municipal Services Emergency Services Recreational Travel
PAGE | 19

5. Vocational Vehicle Pricing

The primary sources utilized to obtain pricing for Table 5.1 were dealer websites. New truck searches to 

obtain pricing for specific vocational trucks were also made online, within Truckpaper.com and 

Commercialtrucktrader.com6. Pricing for the School Buses, Delivery Box Truck, and Dump Truck were 

obtained from a prior EPA report and is in 2009 dollars. Additionally, three truck dealers and two body 

companies were contacted to obtain pricing on four vehicle types not available through public sources. 

Vehicles in the category of Recreational Travel were excluded from the pricing analysis. All pricing except 

those obtained from the prior EPA report is in 2013 dollars.

Table 5.1 Vocational Vehicle Pricing

 

6 http://www.bluebagmedia.com/2013/06/garrison-and-fire-dept-ask-for-1.html

http://www.leaderherald.com/page/content.detail/id/556690.html

http://www.ci.hillsborough.nc.us/content/new-fire-truck-improve-safety-hillsborough

http://www.flagstaff.az.gov/DocumentCenter/Home/View/38710

http://www.truckpaper.com/Default.aspx

http://www.commercialtrucktrader.com/

7 US EPA, Investigation of Costs for Strategies to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Heavy-Duty On-Road Vehicles, 2010

Category Truck Type Class Typical Vehicle Price Notes

Delivery Walk-In & 

Conventional Vans Class 5 Freightliner MT55 (Walk-in Step Van) $74-81,000

$74,000 with 18 foot Utilimaster body. 

$81,000 with 24 foot Utilimaster body.

Delivery Box Trucks Class 3-6 Kenworth T270 $79-84,000(7)

$72,000 for truck with automatic 

transmission. $67-68,000 for truck 

with manual transmission. 

Approximately $12,000 for a 24 foot 

box body. 

Beverage and Food Trucks Class 7 Freightliner M2 106 $98,000 10 bay side load beverage body

Tankers Class 7 International Durastar $126,000 2,800 gallon oil tank.

Armored Vehicles Class 5 Ford F550 $140,000 Armored route vehicle

Car Haulers Class 7 Ford F650 $90,000 Flatbed car hauler

Concrete Mixers Class 8 Mack GU813 $240,000 Front discharge

Dump Trucks Class 3-6 Kenworth T270 $77-88,000(7)

$72,000 for truck with automatic 

transmission. $67-68,000 for truck 

with manual transmission. 

Approximately $10-16,000 for a 16 

foot dump body (depending on steel 

or aluminum). 

Logging Trucks Class 8 Western Star 4700 $205,000 With log grappler.

Stake-Bed Landscape Trucks Class 5 Hino 195 $58,000

Moving Trucks Class 3-6 Kenworth T270 $84,000 24 foot body

Refuse and Recycling Class 8 Volvo VHD Series (e.g. VHD64B200) $190-210,000

Volvo VHD 65BT200 truck retails for 

about $120,000 excluding the body. 

Bodies retail for about $70-$90,000 for 

standard rear packers, depending on 

size and equipment. $198,000 is a 

typical price for a new Volvo class 8 

refuse truck, both cab and chassis, 

with a 25 yard rear loader refuse box, 

excluding FET. 

Utility Trucks Class 5 Ford F550 $90,000 With boom and bucket

Tree Trimmers Class 5 Ford F550 $90,000 With boom and bucket

Plow Trucks Class 7 Hino 338 $130,000 With plow and salt spreader

Street Sweepers Class 6 Freightliner M2 106 $205,000 Schwarze sweeper body A7000.

Transit, Para transit, Shuttle 

Buses Class 8 International RE $100,000

2010 Virginia Standards (up to 37,000 

pounds). 

Fire Trucks Class 8 Pierce $500,000-$1,000,000

$500,000 for a pumper to $1,000,000 

for a ladder truck.

Ambulances Class 6 Freightliner M2 106 $195,000 Excludes portable equipment

Tow/Recovery Vehicles Class 5 International Terrastar $72,000 Rollback flatbed

Motor Coaches Excluded

Tow Vehicle Excluded

Class 7 , Type C International CE $78-80,000(7)

2010 Virginia Emissions 2010 Standard 

Bus - conventional (type C).

Class 7, Type D Blue Bird All American (rear engine) $95,000(7)

2011 Bluebird All American Rear 

Engine School Bus (type D). 

School Bus

Freight 

Delivery

Housing 

Construction

Municipal 

Services

Emergency 

Services

Recreational 

Travel
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 20

Glossary

OEMs - Original Equipment Manufacturer

Chassis - both cab chassis and chassis.
INDUSTRY CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY DUTY VOCATIONAL VEHICLES

PAGE | 21

Additional Sources

Manufacturer websites and online brochures

a. http://www.macktrucks.com/default.aspx?pageid=9111

b. http://www.freightlinertrucks.com/Trucks/

c. http://www.internationaltrucks.com/trucks/

d. http://www.icbus.com/ICBus/

e. http://freightlinerchassis.com/

f. http://cumminsengines.com/on-highway

g. http://www.hino.com/trucks/

h. http://www.isuzucv.com/

i. http://www.mitfuso.com/en-US/Canter-Work-Truck-Models

j. http://www.kenworth.com/trucks.aspx

k. http://www.peterbilt.com/products/trucks/

l. http://www.westernstartrucks.com/Trucks/default.aspx

m. http://www.demanddetroit.com/engines/default.aspx

n. http://www.spartanchassis.com/er/er.asp

o. http://www.spartanchassis.com/rv/walkaround.asp

p. http://lionbuses.com/en/

q. http://www.volvotrucks.com/trucks/na/en-us/products/Pages/trucklanding.aspx

r. http://www.gillig.com/New%20GILLIG%20WEB/product.htm

s. http://www.novabus.com/transit-solutions/vehicles.html

t. http://www.newflyer.com/

u. http://www.nabusind.com/NABI/index.asp

v. http://www.thomasbus.com/bus-models/school/

w. http://www.thomasbus.com/bus-models/commercial/

x. http://www.ford.com/commercial-trucks/

y. http://www.ramtrucks.com/en/ram_chassis_cab/#3500_tradesman/bright_white_clear

_coat/mono