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BRIAN M. BOYNTON 

Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General 

E. MARTIN ESTRADA 

United States Attorney 

ARUN G. RAO 

Deputy Assistant Attorney General 

AMANDA N. LISKAMM 

Director, Consumer Protection Branch 

LISA K. HSIAO 

Assistant Director, Consumer Protection Branch 

JAMES T. NELSON 

Senior Trial Attorney 

United States Department of Justice 

Civil Division 

P.O. Box 261, Ben Franklin Station 

Washington, D.C. 20044 

Telephone: (202) 616-2376 

Facsimile: (202) 514-8742 

Email: James.Nelson2@usdoj.gov DAVID M. HARRIS 

Assistant United States Attorney 

Chief, Civil Division 

ROSS M. CUFF 

Assistant United States Attorney 

Chief, Civil Fraud Section 

California State Bar No. 275093 

 Room 7516, Federal Building 

 300 N. Los Angeles Street 

 Los Angeles, California 90012 

 T: 213.894.7388 | F: 213.894.7819 

 Email: ross.cuff@usdoj.gov 

Attorneys for Plaintiff United States of America 

 

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 

United States of America, 

 Plaintiff, 

 vs. 

ConsumerInfo.com, Inc., a corporation, also d/b/a as Experian 

Consumer Services, 

 Defendant. 

No. 

STIPULATED ORDER FOR 

PERMANENT INJUNCTION, 

CIVIL PENALTY JUDGMENT, 

AND OTHER RELIEF 

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Plaintiff, the United States of America, acting upon notification and 

authorization to the Attorney General by the Federal Trade Commission 

(“Commission”), filed its Complaint for Permanent Injunction, Civil Penalties, and 

Other Relief (“Complaint”) for a permanent injunction, civil penalties, and other 

relief in this matter, pursuant to Sections 13(b), 16(a), and 19 of the Federal Trade 

Commission Act (“FTC Act”), 15 U.S.C. §§ 53(b), 56, and 57b. Plaintiff and 

Defendant stipulate to the entry of this Stipulated Order for Permanent Injunction, 

Civil Penalty Judgment, and Other Relief with the following terms to resolve all 

matters in dispute in this action between them. 

THEREFORE, IT IS ORDERED as follows: 

FINDINGS 

1. This Court has jurisdiction over this matter. 

2. The Complaint charges that Defendant participated in deceptive and 

unfair acts or practices in violation of Section 5 of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45, 

and Section 7(a) of the Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and 

Marketing Act of 2003 (“CAN-SPAM Act”), 15 U.S.C. § 7706(a), in the initiation 

of commercial electronic mail messages. 

3. Defendant neither admits nor denies any of the allegations in the 

Complaint, except as specifically stated in this Order. Only for purposes of this 

action, Defendant admits the facts necessary to establish jurisdiction. 

4. Defendant waives any claim that it may have under the Equal Access 

to Justice Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2412, concerning the prosecution of this action through 

the date of this Order, and agrees to bear its own costs and attorney fees. 

5. Defendant and Plaintiff waive all rights to appeal or otherwise 

challenge or contest the validity of this Order. 

DEFINITIONS 

For the purpose of this Order, the following definitions apply: 

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A. “Clear(ly) and Conspicuous(ly)” means that a required disclosure is 

difficult to miss (i.e., easily noticeable) and easily understandable by ordinary 

consumers, including in all of the following ways: 

1) In any communication that is solely visual or solely audible, the 

disclosure must be made through the same means through 

which the communication is presented. In any communication 

made through both visual and audible means, such as a 

television advertisement, the disclosure must be presented 

simultaneously in both the visual and audible portions of the 

communication even if the representation requiring the 

disclosure is made in only one means. 

2) A visual disclosure, by its size, contrast, location, the length of 

time it appears, and other characteristics, must stand out from 

any accompanying text or other visual elements so that it is 

easily noticed, read, and understood. 

3) An audible disclosure, including by telephone or streaming 

video, must be delivered in a volume, speed, and cadence 

sufficient for ordinary consumers to easily hear and understand 

it. 

4) In any communication using an interactive electronic medium, 

such as the Internet or software, the disclosure must be 

unavoidable. 

5) The disclosure must use diction and syntax understandable to 

ordinary consumers and must appear in each language in which 

the representation that requires the disclosure appears. 

6) The disclosure must comply with these requirements in each 

medium through which it is received, including all electronic 

devices and face-to-face communications. 

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7) The disclosure must not be contradicted or mitigated by, or 

inconsistent with, anything else in the communication. 

8) When the representation or sales practice targets a specific 

audience, such as children, the elderly, or the terminally ill, 

“ordinary consumers” includes reasonable members of that 

group. 

B. “Commercial Electronic Mail Message” means any Electronic Mail 

Message the primary purpose of which is the commercial advertisement or 

promotion of a commercial product or service (including content on an Internet 

website operated for a commercial purpose). 

C. “Defendant” means ConsumerInfo.com, Inc., also d/b/a Experian 

Consumer Services, and its successors and assigns. 

D. “Electronic Mail Address” means a destination, commonly 

expressed as a string of characters, consisting of a unique user name or mailbox 

(commonly referred to as the “local part”) and a reference to an Internet domain 

(commonly referred to as the “domain part”), whether or not displayed, to which 

an Electronic Mail Message can be sent or delivered. 

E. “Electronic Mail Message” means a message sent to a unique 

Electronic Mail Address. 

F. “Initiate” or “Initiating,” when used with respect to a Commercial 

Electronic Mail Message, means to originate or transmit such message or to 

Procure the origination or transmission of such message, but shall not include 

actions that constitute routine conveyance of such message. 

G. “Procure” or “Procuring,” when used with respect to the initiation of 

a Commercial Electronic Mail Message, means intentionally to pay or provide 

other consideration to, or induce, another person to Initiate such a message on 

one’s behalf. 

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H. “Protected Computer” means a computer which is used in or 

affecting interstate or foreign commerce or communication, including a computer 

located outside the United States that is used in a manner that affects interstate or 

foreign commerce or communication of the United States. 

I. “Sender,” when used with respect to a Commercial Electronic Mail 

Message, means a person who Initiates such a message and whose product, service, 

or Internet website is advertised or promoted by the message. 

J. “Transactional or Relationship Message” means an Electronic Mail 

Message the primary purpose of which is—(i) to facilitate, complete, or confirm a 

commercial transaction that the recipient has previously agreed to enter into with 

the Sender; (ii) to provide warranty information, product recall information, or 

safety or security information with respect to a commercial product or service used 

or purchased by the recipient; (iii) to provide—(I) notification concerning a change 

in the terms or features of; (II) notification of a change in the recipient’s standing 

or status with respect to; or (III) at regular periodic intervals, account balance 

information or other type of account statement with respect to, a subscription, 

membership, account, loan, or comparable ongoing commercial relationship 

involving the ongoing purchase or use by the recipient of products or services 

offered by the Sender; (iv) to provide information directly related to an 

employment relationship or benefit plan in which the recipient is currently 

involved, participating, or enrolled; or (v) to deliver goods or services, including 

product updates or upgrades, that the recipient is entitled to receive under the terms 

of a transaction that the recipient has previously agreed to enter into with the 

Sender. 

ORDER 

I. PROHIBITIONS CONCERNING COMMERCIAL EMAIL 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendant, Defendant’s officers, agents, 

employees, and attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation 

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with any of them, who receive actual notice of this Order, whether acting directly 

or indirectly, in connection with promoting or offering for sale any good or service, 

are permanently restrained and enjoined from: 

A. Treating an Electronic Mail Message as a Transactional or 

Relationship Message if, when applying the analysis in 16 C.F.R. § 316.3, the 

primary purpose of the message is the commercial advertisement or promotion of a 

commercial good or service, whether paid or free, and whether or not such good or 

service is included as a part or feature of a membership. For clarity, the foregoing 

is not intended to limit Defendant’s conduct which would otherwise be permitted 

by 16 C.F.R. § 316.3, including, without limitation, treating an Electronic Mail 

Message as a Transactional or Relationship Message if, when applying the analysis 

of 16 C.F.R. § 316.3, the primary purpose of the message is to facilitate, complete, 

or confirm a commercial transaction, including enrollment in a membership or 

membership feature, that the recipient has previously agreed to enter into with the 

sender. 

B. Initiating or Procuring, to a Protected Computer, a Commercial 

Electronic Mail Message that does not: 

1) Contain a functioning return Electronic Mail Address or other 

Internet-based mechanism, Clearly and Conspicuously 

displayed, that a recipient may use to submit, in a manner 

specified in the message, a reply Electronic Mail Message or 

other form of Internet-based communication requesting not to 

receive future Commercial Electronic Mail Messages from that 

Sender at the Electronic Mail Address where the message was 

received; and 

2) Provide Clear and Conspicuous notice of the opportunity under 

15 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(3) to decline to receive further Commercial 

Electronic Mail Messages from the Sender; and 

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C. Violating Section 5 of the CAN-SPAM Act, 15 U.S.C. § 7704, a copy 

of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A. 

II. MONETARY JUDGMENT FOR CIVIL PENALTY 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that: 

A. Judgment in the amount of Six Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars 

($650,000) is entered in favor of Plaintiff against Defendant as a civil penalty. 

B. Defendant is ordered to pay to Plaintiff, by making payment to the 

Treasurer of the United States, Six Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($650,000), 

which, as Defendant stipulates, its undersigned counsel holds in escrow for no 

purpose other than payment to Plaintiff. Such payment must be made within 7 days 

of entry of this Order by electronic fund transfer in accordance with instructions 

previously provided by a representative of Plaintiff. 

III. ADDITIONAL MONETARY PROVISIONS 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that: 

A. Defendant relinquishes dominion and all legal and equitable right, 

title, and interest in all assets transferred pursuant to this Order and may not seek 

the return of any assets. 

B. The facts alleged in the Complaint will be taken as true, without 

further proof, in any subsequent civil litigation by or on behalf of the Commission, 

including in a proceeding to enforce its rights to any payment or monetary 

judgment pursuant to this Order. 

C. Defendant acknowledges that its Taxpayer Identification Numbers 

(Social Security Numbers or Employer Identification Numbers) may be used for 

collecting and reporting on any delinquent amount arising out of this Order, in 

accordance with 31 U.S.C. §7701. 

IV. ORDER ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendant obtains acknowledgments of 

receipt of this Order: 

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A. Defendant, within 7 days of entry of this Order, must submit to the 

Commission an acknowledgment of receipt of this Order sworn under penalty of 

perjury. 

B. For 3 years after entry of this Order, Defendant must deliver a copy of 

this Order to: (1) all principals, officers, directors, and LLC managers and 

members; (2) all employees having managerial responsibilities for compliance with 

the CAN-SPAM Act, and all agents and representatives who participate in drafting, 

designing, or creating Electronic Mail Messages to be sent to persons who use a 

good or service from Defendant (for example, persons who have Experian 

CreditWorks accounts) that facilitates the review, monitoring, modification, or 

protection of consumer credit; and (3) any business entity resulting from any 

change in structure as set forth in the Section titled Compliance Reporting. 

Delivery must occur within 7 days of entry of this Order for current personnel. For 

all others, delivery must occur before they assume their responsibilities. 

C. From each individual or entity to which Defendant delivered a copy of 

this Order, Defendant must obtain, within 30 days, a signed and dated 

acknowledgment of receipt of this Order. 

V. COMPLIANCE REPORTING 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendant makes timely submissions to 

the Commission: 

A. One year after entry of this Order, Defendant must submit a 

compliance report, sworn under penalty of perjury. Defendant must (a) identify the 

primary physical, postal, and email address and telephone number, as designated 

points of contact, which representatives of the Commission and Plaintiff may use 

to communicate with Defendant; (b) identify all of Defendant’s businesses by all of 

their names, telephone numbers, and physical, postal, email, and Internet 

addresses; (c) describe the activities of each business, including the goods and 

services offered and the means of advertising, marketing, and sales; (d) describe in 

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detail whether and how Defendant is in compliance with each Section of this 

Order; and (e) provide a copy of each Order Acknowledgment obtained pursuant to 

this Order, unless previously submitted to the Commission. 

B. For 10 years after entry of this Order, Defendant must submit a 

compliance notice, sworn under penalty of perjury, within 14 days of any change in 

the following: Defendant must report any change in: (a) any designated point of 

contact; or (b) the structure of Defendant or any entity that Defendant has any 

ownership interest in or controls directly or indirectly that may affect compliance 

obligations arising under this Order, including: creation, merger, sale, or 

dissolution of the entity or any subsidiary, parent, or affiliate that engages in any 

acts or practices subject to this Order. 

C. Defendant must submit to the Commission notice of the filing of any 

bankruptcy petition, insolvency proceeding, or similar proceeding by or against 

Defendant within 14 days of its filing. 

D. Any submission to the Commission required by this Order to be 

sworn under penalty of perjury must be true and accurate and comply with 28 

U.S.C. § 1746, such as by concluding: “I declare under penalty of perjury under 

the laws of the United States of America that the foregoing is true and correct. 

Executed on: _____” and supplying the date, signatory’s full name, title (if 

applicable), and signature. 

E. Unless otherwise directed by a Commission representative in writing, 

all submissions to the Commission pursuant to this Order must be emailed to 

DEbrief@ftc.gov or sent by overnight courier (not the U.S. Postal Service) to: 

Associate Director for Enforcement, Bureau of Consumer Protection, Federal 

Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20580. The 

subject line must begin: FTC v. ConsumerInfo.com, Inc. 

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VI. RECORDKEEPING 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendant must create certain records for 

10 years after entry of the Order, and retain each such record for 5 years. 

Specifically, Defendant must create and retain the following records: 

A. accounting records showing the revenues from all goods or services 

sold; 

B. personnel records showing, for each person providing services, 

whether as an employee or otherwise, that person’s: name; addresses; telephone 

numbers; job title or position; dates of service; and (if applicable) the reason for 

termination; 

C. records of all consumer complaints and refund requests concerning 

the subject matter of this Order, whether received directly or indirectly, such as 

through a third party, and any response; 

D. all records necessary to demonstrate full compliance with each 

provision of this Order, including all submissions to the Commission; and 

E. a copy of each type of unique Electronic Mail Message transmitted to 

persons who use a good or service from Defendant (for example, persons who have 

Experian CreditWorks accounts) that facilitates the review, monitoring, 

modification, or protection of consumer credit. 

VII. COMPLIANCE MONITORING 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, for the purpose of monitoring 

Defendant’s compliance with this Order: 

A. Within 14 days of receipt of a written request from a representative of 

the Commission or Plaintiff, Defendant must: submit additional compliance reports 

or other requested information, which must be sworn under penalty of perjury; 

appear for depositions; and produce documents for inspection and copying. The 

Commission and Plaintiff are also authorized to obtain discovery, without further 

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leave of court, using any of the procedures prescribed by Federal Rules of Civil 

Procedure 29, 30 (including telephonic depositions), 31, 33, 34, 36, 45, and 69. 

B. For matters concerning this Order, the Commission and Plaintiff are 

authorized to communicate directly with Defendant. Defendant must permit 

representatives of the Commission and Plaintiff to interview any employee or other 

person affiliated with Defendant who has agreed to such an interview. The person 

interviewed may have counsel present. 

C. The Commission and Plaintiff may use all other lawful means, 

including posing, through its representatives as consumers, suppliers, or other 

individuals or entities, to Defendant or any individual or entity affiliated with 

Defendant, without the necessity of identification or prior notice. Nothing in this 

Order limits the Commission’s lawful use of compulsory process, pursuant to 

Sections 9 and 20 of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 49, 57b-1. 

VIII. RETENTION OF JURISDICTION 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this Court retains jurisdiction of this 

matter for purposes of construction, modification, and enforcement of this Order. 

SO ORDERED. 

Dated: ____________________ ____________________________________ 

 Hon. 

 United States District Judge 

Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 11 of 33 Page ID #:90
Exhibit A

Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 12 of 33 Page ID #:91
A UTHENTICATE.~ 

"T,;,~~'!.~~ T 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 GPO Filed 08/14/23 Page 13 of 33 Page ID #:92 

PUBLIC LAW 108-187-DEC. 16, 2003 117 STAT. 2699 

Public Law 108-187 

108th Congress 

An Act 

To regulate interstate commerce by imposing limitations and penalties on the transmission of unsolicited commercial electronic mail via the Internet. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 

the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

This Act may be cited as the "Controlling the Assault of NonSolicited Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003", or the "CANSPAM Act of2003". 

SEC. 2. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND POLICY. 

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds the following: 

(1) Electronic mail has become an extremely important 

and popular means of communication, relied on by millions 

of Americans on a daily basis for personal and commercial 

purposes. Its low cost and global reach make it extremely 

convenient and efficient, and offer unique opportunities for 

the development and growth of frictionless commerce. 

(2) The convenience and efficiency of electronic mail are 

threatened by the extremely rapid growth in the volume of 

unsolicited commercial electronic mail. Unsolicited commercial 

electronic mail is currently estimated to account for over half 

of all electronic mail traffic, up from an estimated 7 percent 

in 2001, and the volume continues to rise. Most of these messages are fraudulent or deceptive in one or more respects. 

(3) The receipt of unsolicited commercial electronic mail 

may result in costs to recipients who cannot refuse to accept 

such mail and who incur costs for the storage of such mail, 

or for the time spent accessing, reviewing, and discarding such 

mail, or for both. 

(4) The receipt of a large number of unwanted messages 

also decreases the convenience of electronic mail and creates 

a risk that wanted electronic mail messages, both commercial 

and noncommercial, will be lost, overlooked, or discarded amidst 

the larger volume of unwanted messages, thus reducing the 

reliability and usefulness of electronic mail to the recipient. 

(5) Some commercial electronic mail contains material that 

many recipients may consider vulgar or pornographic in nature. 

(6) The growth in unsolicited commercial electronic mail 

imposes significant monetary costs on providers of Internet 

access services, businesses, and educational and nonprofit 

institutions that carry and receive such mail, as there is a 

finite volume of mail that such providers, businesses, and 

Dec. 16, 2003 

[S. 877) 

Controlling the 

Assault ofNonSolicited 

Pornography and 

Marketing Act of 

2003. 

15 USC 7701 

note. 

15 USC 7701. 
		 


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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 15 of 33 Page ID #:94
	 


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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 16 of 33 Page ID #:95

			
 	
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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 17 of 33 Page ID #:96
	
 
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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 18 of 33 Page ID #:97

			 	
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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 19 of 33 Page ID #:98
	
 
	
		 
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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 20 of 33 Page ID #:99



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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 21 of 33 Page ID #:100
	
 
	

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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 22 of 33 Page ID #:101

			 	
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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 23 of 33 Page ID #:102
	 


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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 24 of 33 Page ID #:103
	

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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 25 of 33 Page ID #:104
 	

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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 26 of 33 Page ID #:105



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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 27 of 33 Page ID #:106
	 


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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 28 of 33 Page ID #:107



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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 29 of 33 Page ID #:108
	 


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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 30 of 33 Page ID #:109
	

 

 
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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 31 of 33 Page ID #:110
	 


		 
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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 32 of 33 Page ID #:111



 	



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Case 8:23-cv-01494 Document 4-2 Filed 08/14/23 Page 33 of 33 Page ID #:112