UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS

EASTERN DIVISION

COMPLAINT FOR CIVIL PENALTIES, 

PERMANENT INJUNCTION, AND OTHER EQUITABLE RELIEF

Plaintiff, the United States of America, acting upon notification and authorization to the 

Attorney General by the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC” or “Commission”), for its 

Complaint, alleges:

1. Plaintiff brings this action under sections 5(a), 13(b), and 16(a) of the Federal 

Trade Commission Act (“FTC Act”), 15 U.S.C. §§ 45(a), 53(b), and 56(a); and section 621(a) of 

the Fair Credit Reporting Act (“FCRA”), 15 U.S.C. § 1681s(a), to obtain monetary civil 

penalties, and injunctive or other relief from Defendants InfoTrack Information Services, Inc., 

and Steve Kaplan, individually, for engaging in violations of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a), 

and the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. §§ 1681–1681x.

Jurisdiction and Venue

2. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this matter under 28 U.S.C. §§ 

1331, 1337(a), 1345, and 1355, and under 15 U.S.C. §§ 45(a), 53(b), 56(a), and 1681s.

3. Venue is proper in this district under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1391(b)-(c) and 1395(a), and 

15 U.S.C. § 53(b).

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Plaintiff,

v.

INFOTRACK INFORMATION SERVICES, 

INC., and STEVE KAPLAN, Individually, 

and as an officer of the corporation,

Defendants.

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No. 14 C 2054

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Plaintiff

4. This action is brought by the United States of America on behalf of the Federal 

Trade Commission. The Commission is an independent agency of the United States government 

given statutory authority and responsibility by, inter alia, the FTC Act, as amended, 15 U.S.C. 

§§ 41-58, and the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. §§ 1681-1681x. The Commission is charged, inter alia, 

with enforcing section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a), which prohibits unfair and 

deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce; and the FCRA, which imposes duties upon 

consumer reporting agencies.

Defendants

5. Defendant InfoTrack Information Services, Inc. (“InfoTrack” or “Defendant”) is 

an Illinois corporation with its principal place of business in Deerfield, Illinois. Defendant 

transacts or has transacted business in this district.

6. Defendant Steve Kaplan is the sole owner and officer of InfoTrack and at all 

times material to this complaint, acting alone or in concert with others, has formulated, directed, 

or controlled the acts or practices of InfoTrack, including the various acts or practices alleged in 

this complaint. His principal office or place of business is that of InfoTrack.

The Fair Credit Reporting Act (“FRCA”)

7. The FCRA was enacted in 1970, became effective on April 25, 1971, and has

been in force since that date. The Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act amended the FCRA 

in December 2003, and the Dodd-Frank Act amended the FCRA in July 2010.

8. Section 621 of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681s, authorizes the Commission to use

all of its functions and powers under the FTC Act to enforce compliance with the FCRA by all 

persons subject thereto except to the extent that enforcement specifically is committed to some 

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other governmental agency, irrespective of whether the person is engaged in commerce or meets 

any other jurisdictional tests set forth by the FTC Act.

9. Defendants are now and have been a “consumer reporting agency,” as defined in

section 603(f) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681a(f). That section defines a consumer reporting 

agency as:

any person which, for monetary fees, dues, or on a cooperative 

nonprofit basis, regularly engages in whole or in part in the 

practice of assembling or evaluating consumer credit information 

or other information on consumers for the purpose of furnishing 

consumer reports to third parties, and which uses any means or 

facility of interstate commerce for the purpose of preparing or 

furnishing consumer reports.

Defendants regularly sell in interstate commerce information on consumers that they assemble 

for the purpose of furnishing consumer reports to third parties, as described further below.

10. The FCRA imposes several obligations on consumer reporting agencies, including 

obligations to: (1) take reasonable steps to ensure the maximum possible accuracy of consumer 

reports (Section 607(b) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681e(b)); and (2) provide prescribed notices 

to users of their consumer reports and to companies that furnish information to consumer 

reporting agencies (Section 607(d)(1) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681e(d)(l)). These obligations 

are described in more detail below. 

Defendants’ Business Practices

11. Defendants provide, among other things, background screening reports to 

hundreds of employers throughout the United States about prospective and current employees, in 

order to assist the employers in making decisions about hiring and other employment-related 

issues (“background screening reports”). These reports include but are not limited to public 

record information, such as names of individuals on sex offender registries, and criminal 

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histories of individuals. 

12. The background screening reports that Defendants provide to employers are

“consumer reports” as defined in section 603(d) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681a(d). That 

section defines a “consumer report” as 

any written, oral, or other communication of any information by a 

consumer reporting agency bearing on a consumer’s credit 

worthiness, credit standing, credit capacity, character, general 

reputation, personal characteristics, or mode of living which is 

used or expected to be used or collected in whole or in part for the 

purpose of serving as a factor in establishing the consumer’s 

eligibility for (A) credit or insurance to be used primarily for 

personal, family, or household purposes; (B) employment 

purposes; or (C) any other purpose authorized under section 604.

Defendants’ reports are communicated to third parties; bear on, among other things, consumers’ 

general reputation and personal characteristics; and are used as a factor in determining eligibility 

for employment.

Accuracy

13. Section 607(b) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681e(b), requires that “[w]henever a

consumer reporting agency prepares a consumer report it shall follow reasonable procedures to 

assure maximum possible accuracy of the information concerning the individual about whom the 

report relates.”

14. In numerous instances, Defendants failed to follow reasonable procedures to

assure maximum possible accuracy of their consumer reports. Among other things, Defendants 

failed to follow reasonable procedures to assure that the information contained in their consumer 

reports concerned the individual who was the subject of the report. 

15. Defendants often provided consumer reports to employers about job applicants. 

These reports included information about whether the applicant was registered in a National Sex 

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Offender Registry. The employer would provide the applicant’s first and last name, and date of 

birth, to assist Defendants in conducting their searches of the National Sex Offender Registry. 

16. Prior to the fall of 2011, for many records, no date of birth was available in the

National Sex Offender Registry. In these instances, if Defendants’ search identified more than 

one individual with the searched first and last name who had a record in the registry, Defendants 

reported “possible matches” to employers. Defendants would forward reports that included 

names and pictures of several different people with the same name who were convicted sex 

offenders and listed in the National Sex Offender Registry. Defendants’ practice and procedure 

resulted in furnishing consumer reports to employers that included National Sex Offender 

Registry records of individuals who could not have been the subject of the inquiry.

17. In many instances, these failures led to reports that necessarily included consumer 

report information about individuals other than the prospective employees and, in some 

instances, may have led to denied employment opportunities. 

FCRA Notification Requirements

18. Section 607(d)(1) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681e(d)(l), requires that a consumer 

reporting agency provide, to any person who regularly and in the ordinary course of business 

furnishes information about any consumer to the consumer reporting agency (“furnisher”), a 

“Notice To Furnishers of Information: Obligations of Furnishers Under the FCRA” (“Furnisher 

Notice”), the acceptable content of which is set forth in 16 CFR Parts 601 and 608, Appendix G, 

recodified at 12 CFR 1022, Appendix M. Section 607(d)(2) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 

1681e(d)(2). It also requires that a consumer reporting agency provide, to any person to whom it 

provides a consumer report (“user”), a “Notice To Users of Consumer Reports: Obligations of 

Users Under the FCRA” (“User Notice”), the acceptable content of which is set forth in 16 CFR 

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Parts 601 and 608, Appendix H, recodified at 12 CFR 1022, Appendix N. Since at least July 1, 

2009 and continuing until at least January 2012, Defendants failed to provide these prescribed 

notices to the furnishers and users of their reports. 

19. Section 613(a) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681k(a), contains special requirements 

for consumer reporting agencies that furnish consumer reports containing public record 

information for employment purposes if that information is likely to have an adverse effect upon 

a consumer’s ability to obtain employment. These consumer reporting agencies must either (1) 

notify the consumer, at the time that such information is reported, of the fact that public record 

information is being reported, or (2) maintain “strict procedures” designed to ensure the reported 

public record information is complete and up to date. For consumer reports containing 

information concerning sex offender registry information, Defendants neither provided the notice 

prescribed, nor did they maintain “strict procedures” designed to ensure that public record 

information it reported was complete and up to date.

Count I – Violations of Section 607(b) of the FCRA

20. As described in Paragraphs 14, 15 and 16, in multiple instances, Defendants failed 

to use reasonable procedures to assure maximum possible accuracy of consumer report 

information from sex offender registry records.

21. By and through the acts and practices described in Paragraph 20, Defendants have 

violated section 607(b) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681e(b). 

22. Pursuant to section 621(a)(1) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681s(a)(1), the acts and 

practices alleged in Paragraph 20 also constitute unfair or deceptive acts or practices in violation 

of section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a). 

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Count II – Violations of 607(d) of the FCRA

23. As described in Paragraph 18, Defendants have failed to provide the prescribed 

User Notice and Furnisher Notice required by the FCRA. 

24. By and through the acts and practices described in Paragraph 23, Defendants have 

violated section 607(d) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681e(d). 

25. Pursuant to section 621(a)(l) of the FCRA, IS U.S.C. § 168Is(a)(1), the acts and 

practices alleged in Paragraph 23 also constitute unfair or deceptive acts or practices in violation 

of section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a). 

Count III – Violations of Section 613(A)(1 and (2) of the FCRA

26. As described in Paragraph 19, in multiple instances, Defendants failed to provide 

written notice to consumers of the fact that it reported public record information to employers, at 

the time the information was reported. Defendants also failed to maintain strict procedures to 

ensure that the public record information in the reports was complete and up to date.

27. By and through the acts and practices described in Paragraph 26, Defendants have

violated section 613(a)(1)-(2) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681k(a)(1)-(2). 

28. Pursuant to section 621(a)(1) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681s(a)(1), the acts and 

practices alleged in Paragraph 26 also constitute unfair or deceptive acts or practices in violation 

of section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a).

This Court’s Power to Grant Relief

29. Section 621(a)(2)(A) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681s(a)(2), authorizes the Court 

to award monetary civil penalties in the event of a knowing violation of the FCRA, which 

constitutes a pattern or practice. Defendants’ violations of the FCRA, as alleged in this 

Complaint, have been knowing and have constituted a pattern or practice of violations. As 

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specified by the Federal Civil Penalty Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, 28 U.S.C. § 2861, as 

amended by the Debt Collection Improvements Act of 1996, Pub. L. 104-134, § 31001(s)(1), 110 

Stat. 1321-373, the Court is authorized to award a penalty of not more than $2,500 per violation 

for violations occurring before February 10, 2009, and $3,500 per violation for violations 

occurring on or after that date. 

30. Each instance in which Defendants have failed to comply with the FCRA 

constitutes a separate violation of the FCRA for the purpose of assessing monetary civil penalties 

under section 621(A)(2) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681s. Plaintiff seeks monetary civil 

penalties for every separate violation of the FCRA.

31. Pursuant to Section 621(a)(1) of the FCRA, 15 U.S.C. § 1681s, and Section 13(b) 

of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 53(b), this Court is authorized to issue a permanent injunction 

prohibiting Defendants from violating the FTC Act and the FCRA. 

Prayer for Relief

WHEREFORE, Plaintiff requests that this Court, pursuant to 15 U.S.C. §§ 45(a), 

45(m)(1)(a), 53(b), and 1681s, and pursuant to the Court’s own equitable powers:

(1) Enter judgment against Defendants and in favor of Plaintiff for each violation 

alleged in this Complaint;

(2) Enter a permanent injunction against Defendants to prevent further violations of 

the FCRA and the FTC Act, as alleged herein;

(3) Award Plaintiff monetary civil penalties from Defendants for each violation of the 

FCRA alleged in this Complaint; 

(4) Award Plaintiff the costs of bringing this action, as well as such other and 

additional relief as the Court may determine to be just and proper. The parties, by their counsel, 

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hereby consent to the terms and conditions of the Stipulated Final Judgment and Order for Civil 

Penalties, Permanent Injunction, and Other Equitable Relief as set forth above and consent to the 

entry thereof. 

FOR THE FEDERAL TRADE

COMMISSION:

MANEESHA MITHAL

Associate Director

Division of Privacy and Identity Protection

ROBERT SCHOSHINSKI

Assistant Director

Division of Privacy and Identity Protection

MELINDA CLAYBAUGH

Division of Privacy and Identity Protection

Federal Trade Commission 

600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. 

(202) 326-2203 (voice)

(202) 326-3062 (fax)

MEGAN COX

Division of Privacy and Identity Protection

Federal Trade Commission

600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. 

(202) 326-2283 (voice)

(202) 326-3062 (fax) 

FOR PLAINTIFF

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:

STUART F. DELERY

Assistant Attorney General

Civil Division

U.S. Department of Justice

MAAME EWUSI-MENSAH FRIMPONG

Deputy Assistant Attorney General

Civil Division

MICHAEL S. BLUME

Director

Consumer Protection Branch

ANDY CLARK 

Assistant Director

Consumer Protection Branch

ANN ENTWISTLE

Trial Attorney

Consumer Protection Branch

Respectfully submitted,

ZACHARY T. FARDON

United States Attorney

By: s/ Donald R. Lorenzen

 DONALD R. LORENZEN

Assistant United States Attorney

219 South Dearborn Street

Chicago, Illinois 60604

(312) 353-5330

Donald.lorenzen@usdoj.gov

Dated: March 24, 2014

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JS 44 (Rev 3/13) CIVIL COVER SHEET

The JS 44 civil cover sheet and the information contained herein neither replace nor supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, except as 

provided by local rules of court. This form, approved by the Judicial Conference of the United States in September 1974, is required for the use of the Clerk of Court for the purpose of initiating the civil docket sheet. (SEE INSTRUCTIONS ON NEXT PAGE OF THIS FORM.)

I. (a) PLAINTIFFS DEFENDANTS

(b) County of Residence of First Listed Plaintiff County of Residence of First Listed Defendant

(EXCEPT IN U.S. PLAINTIFF CASES) (IN U.S. PLAINTIFF CASES ONLY)

NOTE: IN LAND CONDEMNATION CASES, USE THE LOCATION OF

THE TRACT OF LAND INVOLVED 

(c) Attorneys (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone Number) Attorneys (If Known)

II. BASIS OF JURISDICTION (Place an “X” in One Box Only) III. CITIZENSHIP OF PRINCIPAL PARTIES (Place an “X” in One Box for Plaintiff

(For Diversity Cases Only) and One Box for Defendant) 

1 U S Government 3 Federal Question PTF DEF PTF DEF

Plaintiff (U.S. Government Not a Party) Citizen of This State 1 1 Incorporated or Principal Place 4 4 of Business In This State

2 U S Government 4 Diversity Citizen of Another State 2 2 Incorporated and Principal Place 5 5

Defendant (Indicate Citizenship of Parties in Item III) of Business In Another State

Citizen or Subject of a 3 3 Foreign Nation 6 6

 Foreign Country

IV. NATURE OF SUIT (Place an “X” in One Box Only)

CONTRACT TORTS FORFEITURE/PENALTY BANKRUPTCY OTHER STATUTES

 110 Insurance PERSONAL INJURY PERSONAL INJURY  625 Drug Related Seizure  422 Appeal 28 USC 158  375 False Claims Act

 120 Marine  310 Airplane  365 Personal Injury - of Property 21 USC 881  423 Withdrawal  400 State Reapportionment

 130 Miller Act  315 Airplane Product Product Liability  690 Other 28 USC 157  410 Antitrust

 140 Negotiable Instrument Liability  367 Health Care/  430 Banks and Banking

 150 Recovery of Overpayment  320 Assault, Libel & Pharmaceutical PROPERTY RIGHTS  450 Commerce

& Enforcement of Judgment Slander Personal Injury  820 Copyrights  460 Deportation

 151 Medicare Act  330 Federal Employers’ Product Liability  830 Patent  470 Racketeer Influenced and

 152 Recovery of Defaulted Liability  368 Asbestos Personal  840 Trademark Corrupt Organizations

Student Loans  340 Marine Injury Product  480 Consumer Credit

(Excludes Veterans)  345 Marine Product Liability LABOR SOCIAL SECURITY  490 Cable/Sat TV

 153 Recovery of Liability PERSONAL PROPERTY  710 Fair Labor Standards  861 HIA (1395ff)  850 Securities/Commodities/

of Veteran’s Benefits  350 Motor Vehicle  370 Other Fraud Act  862 Black Lung (923) Exchange

 160 Stockholders’ Suits  355 Motor Vehicle  371 Truth in Lending  720 Labor/Management  863 DIWC/DIWW (405(g))  890 Other Statutory Actions

 190 Other Contract Product Liability  380 Other Personal Relations  864 SSID Title XVI  891 Agricultural Acts

 195 Contract Product Liability  360 Other Personal Property Damage  740 Railway Labor Act  865 RSI (405(g))  893 Environmental Matters

 196 Franchise Injury  385 Property Damage  751 Family and Medical  895 Freedom of Information

 362 Personal Injury - Product Liability Leave Act Act

Medical Malpractice  790 Other Labor Litigation  896 Arbitration

REAL PROPERTY CIVIL RIGHTS PRISONER PETITIONS  791 Employee Retirement FEDERAL TAX SUITS  899 Administrative Procedure

 210 Land Condemnation  440 Other Civil Rights  510 Motions to Vacate Income Security Act  870 Taxes (U S Plaintiff Act/Review or Appeal of 

 220 Foreclosure  441 Voting Sentence or Defendant) Agency Decision

 230 Rent Lease & Ejectment  442 Employment Habeas Corpus:  871 IRS—Third Party  950 Constitutionality of

 240 Torts to Land  443 Housing/  530 General 26 USC 7609 State Statutes

 245 Tort Product Liability Accommodations  535 Death Penalty

 290 All Other Real Property  445 Amer w/Disabilities  540 Mandamus & Other IMMIGRATION

Employment  550 Civil Rights  462 Naturalization Application 

 446 Amer w/Disabilities  555 Prison Condition  463 Habeas Corpus -

Other  560 Civil Detainee - Alien Detainee

 448 Education Conditions of (Prisoner Petition)

Confinement  465 Other Immigration

 Actions

V. ORIGIN (Place an “X” in One Box Only)

Transferred from

Another District

(specify)

1 Original

Proceeding

2 Removed from

State Court

3 Remanded from

Appellate Court

4 Reinstated or

Reopened

5 6 Multidistrict

Litigation

VI. CAUSE OF ACTION (Enter U S Civil Statute under which you are filing and 

write a brief statement of cause )

VII. Previous Bankruptcy Matters (For nature of suit 422 and 423, enter the case 

number and judge for any associated bankruptcy matter previously adjudicated by a judge of this Court 

Use a separate attachment if necessary 

VIII. REQUESTED IN

 COMPLAINT:

CHECK IF THIS IS A CLASS ACTION

UNDER RULE 23, F.R.Cv.P.

DEMAND $ CHECK YES only if demanded in complaint:

JURY DEMAND: Yes No

IX. RELATED CASE(S)

 IF ANY (See instructions):

JUDGE DOCKET NUMBER

X. This case (check one box) Is not a refiling of a previously dismissed action is a refiling of case number ____________ previously dismissed by Judge ________________

DATE SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY OF RECORD

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United States of America Infotrack Information Services and Steve Kaplan, individually, 

and as an officer of the corporation LAKE

Donald R. Lorenzen 

United States Attorney's Office 

219 S. Dearborn Street, 5th Fl., Chicago, Illinois 60604 

(312) 353-5330

✔

✔

15 USC 45(a), 53(b) and 56(a) 03/24/2014 s/ Donald R. Lorenzen
INSTRUCTIONS FOR ATTORNEYS COMPLETING CIVIL COVER SHEET FORM JS 44

Authority For Civil Cover Sheet

The JS 44 civil cover sheet and the information contained herein neither replaces nor supplements the filings and service of pleading or other papers as required by law, 

except as provided by local rules of court. This form, approved by the Judicial Conference of the United States in September 1974, is required for the use of the Clerk of 

Court for the purpose of initiating the civil docket sheet. Consequently, a civil cover sheet is submitted to the Clerk of Court for each civil complaint filed. The attorney 

filing a case should complete the form as follows: 

I. (a) Plaintiffs-Defendants. Enter names (last, first, middle initial) of plaintiff and defendant. If the plaintiff or defendant is a government agency, use only the 

full name or standard abbreviations. If the plaintiff or defendant is an official within a government agency, identify first the agency and then the official, giving both 

name and title. 

(b) County of Residence. For each civil case filed, except U.S. plaintiff cases, enter the name of the county where the first listed plaintiff resides at the time of 

filing. In U.S. plaintiff cases, enter the name of the county in which the first listed defendant resides at the time of filing. (NOTE: In land condemnation cases, the 

county of residence of the "defendant" is the location of the tract of land involved.) 

(c) Attorneys. Enter the firm name, address, telephone number, and attorney of record. If there are several attorneys, list them on an attachment, noting in this 

section "(see attachment)". 

II. Jurisdiction. The basis of jurisdiction is set forth under Rule 8(a), F.R.Cv.P., which requires that jurisdictions be shown in pleadings. Place an "X" in one of 

the boxes. If there is more than one basis of jurisdiction, precedence is given in the order shown below. 

United States plaintiff. (1) Jurisdiction based on 28 U.S.C. 1345 and 1348. Suits by agencies and officers of the United States are included here. 

United States defendant. (2) When the plaintiff is suing the United States, its officers or agencies, place an "X" in this box. 

Federal question. (3) This refers to suits under 28 U.S.C. 1331, where jurisdiction arises under the Constitution of the United States, an amendment to the Constitution, 

an act of Congress or a treaty of the United States. In cases where the U.S. is a party, the U.S. plaintiff or defendant code takes precedence, and box 1 or 2 should be 

marked. 

Diversity of citizenship. (4) This refers to suits under 28 U.S.C. 1332, where parties are citizens of different states. When Box 4 is checked, the citizenship of the 

different parties must be checked. (See Section III below; NOTE: federal question actions take precedence over diversity cases.)

III. Residence (citizenship) of Principal Parties. This section of the JS 44 is to be completed if diversity of citizenship was indicated above. Mark this section for 

each principal party. 

IV. Nature of Suit. Place an "X" in the appropriate box. If the nature of suit cannot be determined, be sure the cause of action, in Section VI below, is sufficient 

to enable the deputy clerk or the statistical clerk(s) in the Administrative Office to determine the nature of suit. If the cause fits more than one nature of suit, select the 

most definitive. 

V. Origin. Place an "X" in one of the six boxes. 

Original Proceedings. (1) Cases which originate in the United States district courts. 

Removed from State Court. (2) Proceedings initiated in state courts may be removed to the district courts under Title 28 U.S.C., Section 1441. When the petition for 

removal is granted, check this box. 

Remanded from Appellate Court. (3) Check this box for cases remanded to the district court for further action. Use the date of remand as the filing date. 

Reinstated or Reopened. (4) Check this box for cases reinstated or reopened in the district court. Use the reopening date as the filing date. 

Transferred from Another District. (5) For cases transferred under Title 28 U.S.C. Section 1404(a). Do not use this for within district transfers or multidistrict litigation 

transfers. 

Multidistrict Litigation. (6) Check this box when a multidistrict case is transferred into the district under authority of Title 28 U.S.C. Section 1407. When this box is 

checked, do not check (5) above. 

VI. Cause of Action. Report the civil statute directly related to the cause of action and give a brief description of the cause. Do not cite jurisdictional statutes 

unless diversity. Example: U.S. Civil Statute: 47 USC 553 Brief Description: Unauthorized reception of cable service 

VII. Previous Bankruptcy Matters For nature of suit 422 and 423 enter the case number and judge for any associated bankruptcy matter previously adjudicated 

by a judge of this court. Use a separate attachment if necessary. 

VIII. Requested in Complaint. Class Action. Place an "X" in this box if you are filing a class action under Rule 23, F.R.Cv.P. Demand. In this space enter the 

actual dollar amount being demanded or indicate other demand, such as a preliminary injunction Jury Demand. Check the appropriate box to indicate whether or not a 

jury is being demanded. 

IX. Related Cases. This section of the JS 44 is used to reference related pending cases, if any. If there are related pending cases, insert the docket numbers and the 

corresponding judge names for such cases.

X. Refiling Information. Place an "X" in one of the two boxes indicating if the case is or is not a refilling of a previously dismissed action. If it is a refiling of a 

previously dismissed action, insert the case number and judge. 

Date and Attorney Signature. Date and sign the civil cover sheet.

Rev040913

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