T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by9th C i r . R . 36- 3. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T ERW I N STU A RD O V I V A R- FLO RES, P et i t i on er , v. E R I C H . H O L D E R , J r ., A tto rn e yG e n e r a l, R e s p o n d e n t. N o. 09- 72526 A ge nc yN o. A 029- 249- 620 ME MOR AN DU M *

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orR e vi e w of

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the B o a r d o f I m m ig r a tio n A p p e a ls A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d N ove m be r5, 2012 S a n F r a n c is c o , C a lif

o rn ia B efo re: F A R R IS , N O O N A N , an dB Y B E E , C i rcu i tJu d g es.

A l tho ug h the l aw pres cr i bed a se nt ence of tw o, three or fi ve ye ar s i m pri sonm entfor s ec on d-degree r ob bery , the cr i m e of w hi ch V i var- F l ores w as conv i ct ed, the courton appeal m ustl oo k t o the ac tual se nt ence ent er ed w hen r e m o v a l p r o c e e d in g s a r e in itia te du n d e rs e c tio n 2 3 7 ( a ) ( 2 ) ( A ) ( iii) o f th e I N A . 8 

# FI LED NO V 20 2012 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2

U . S . C . § 1 22 7(a) (2)( A )( i i i ). H er e no actual se nt ence w as i m po se d b ec ause the tri al c ourts us pe nde d i m pos i t i on of s e nt e nc e a nd pl a c e d F l or e s di r e c t l yon pr oba t i on. W e m ustagai n rem and. A l tho ug h F l ores w as foun d g ui l ty of s ec on d-degree ro b b ery, m o re w as req u i red . T h e q u est i o n u n d er sect i o n 2 3 7 (a)(2 )(A )(i i i ) i s a c om bi na t i on of

the c onduc ta nd the s e nt e nc e a c tua l l yi m pos e d. 8 U . S . C . §§ 1 1 0 1 ( a ) ( 4 3 ) ( G ) , 1 2 2 7 ( a ) ( 2 ) ( A ) ( iii) . T he B IA m er el y l oo ked atthe offe nce and the se nt ence autho ri ze d. Itw as r e qui r e d t o c ons i de rw ha tt e rm of i m pr i s onm e ntw a s i m pos e d. I tne e d not r e c ons i de rw he the rac onvi c t i on unde rs t a t e l a w i s ar e m ovabl e of f e ns e . I n l i ghtof e xi s t i ng pr e c e de nt s , the B I A ’ s de c i s i on on tha tque s t i on w a s e rr one ous . W e do not i gn ore the defi ni t i on of se cond -degree robb ery. W e m er el y hol d thatthe cond uct a n dth e s e n te n c e im p o s e d a r e th e c o m b in e dc o n tr o llin g f a c to r s . T h e in q u iryis to th e te rm o f

p r is o n a c tu a llyim p o s e dr a th e rth a n w h a t is au th o r iz e db ys ta tu te . U nde rC a l i f

orni al a w , ac ourtor de r i ng pr oba t i on ha s the opt i on of “ l e a vi ng a de f e nda ntuns e nt e nc e d a nd pl a c i ng hi m on pr oba t i on, or. . . s e nt e nc i ng hi m a nd there af t erpl ac i ng hi m on prob at i on . ” Pa te l v . I NS , 54 2 F . 2d 79 6, 79 8 (9th C i r. 1 9 7 6 ) . I t is , th e r e f

o r e , im p e r a tiv e to a n a n a ly s is o f p u n is h m e n ts u n d e rC a lif o rn ia la w “to f o c u s c lo s e lyo n th e p r e c is e n a tu r e o f th e s e n te n c e , i.e ., w h e th e rp r io rto grant i ng prob at i on i m po si t i on of se nt ence w as suspended, as i n the fi rs tal t ernat i ve,3

or execut i on of the se nt ence w as suspended, as i n the se cond al t ernat i ve. ” I d. at 7 9 8 - 9 9 . I f

atr ia l c o u rt c h o o s e s to s u s p e n dth e im p o s itio n o f as e n te n c e , it is pr ohi bi t e d f

r om s pe c i f

y i ng a nd pr onounc i ng at e rm of i m pr i s onm e ntf

r om the st atut ory r ange. C al . P enal C od e § 11 70 (b). H er e, no t erm of i m pri sonm entw as a c tu a llyim p o s e d o n F lo r e s b e c au s e th e tr ia l c o u rt s u s p e n d e dth e im p o s itio n o f h is s e n te n c e . W e c oul d m e r e l ygr a ntthe pe t i t i on f orr e vi e w a nd r e ve r s e the B I A de c i s i on w i th i nstruct i on s t o v ac at e the order of re m ov al and t erm i nat e r em ov al p r o c e e d in g s . W e r e m a n d in s te a d to p e rm it th e B I A to c o n s id e rth e m a tte rin its prop erpo sture i n the fi rs ti nst ance . R EVER SED A N D R EM A N D ED .