# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 1 RULE 4354 GLASS MELTING FURNACES (Adopted September 14, 1994; Amended April 16, 1998; Amended Februa ry 21, 2002, Amended August 17, 2006, Amended October 16, 2008, Amended __________)

1.0 Purpose

The purpose of this rule is to limit emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of sulfur (SOx), and particulate matter (PM10) from glass melting furnaces.

2.0 Applicability

The provisions of this rule shall apply to any glass melting furnace.

3.0 Definitions

3.1 Air-fuel Firing: opera tion of a glass melting furnace where greater than 50% of

the oxidant for the fuel comes from am bient air. 100% air-fuel fired means operation of a glass melting furnace where the oxidant is exclusively ambient air.

3.2 APCO: as defined in Rule 1020 (Definitions).

3.3 ARB: California Air Resources Board.

3.4 Block 24-hour Average: the arithmetic average of the hourly emission rates of a furnace as measured over 24 one-hour peri ods, daily, from 12:00 AM to 11:59 PM, excluding periods of system calibration.

3.5 Carbon Monoxide (CO): emissions of carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas resulting from incomplete combustion of fuel.

3.6 Commercial Propane: a gaseous fu el composed primarily of propane.

3.7 Condensable PM10: PM10 that is vapor phase at stack c onditions, but which condenses or reacts upon cooling and dilution in the ambient air to form solid or liquid PM immediately after discharge from the stack.

3.8 Container Glass: any gl ass manufactured by pressing, bl owing in molds, drawing, rolling, or casting which is used as a container.

3.9 CEMS: continuous emissions monitoring system.

3.10 Dscf: dry standard cubic feet.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 2 3.11 EPA: United States Envi ronmental Protection Agency.

3.12 Fiberglass: material consis ting of fine filaments of gla ss that are combined in yarn and woven or spun into fabrics, or that ar e used as reinforcemen t in other materials

or in masses as thermal or as acoustical insulating products for the construction industry.

3.13 Filterable PM10: PM10 that is directly em itted by a source as a solid or liquid at stack or release conditions and captured on the filter of a stack test train.

3.14 Flat glass: any glass produced by the fl oat, sheet, rolled, or plate glass process which is used in windows, windshiel ds, tabletops, or similar products.

3.15 Furnace Battery: two or more glass melting furnaces that exhaust to a common

stack.

3.16 Furnace Rebuild: a cold tank repair whic h is commenced after the end of a furnace campaign period or expected life cycle of a furnace. For the purpose of compliance deadline in Section 7.1, the effective date of a furnace re build is the

date of the start of the furnace shutdown.

3.17 Idling: the operation of a furnace at less than 25 percent of the permitted glass production capacity or fuel use capacity as stated on the Permit to Operate (PTO).

3.18 Key System Operating Parameter: a pa rameter used to ensu re compliance with an emission limit. A key system opera ting parameter may be any operating parameter that would affect the emi ssions performance of the particular equipment unit to which the emission lim it applies. Examples include, but are not limited to, temperature, pressure drop, airflow rate, or electrostatic precipitator voltage.

3.19 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): LPG is a general term for the following gases: commercial propane, commercial butane, propane-butane (PB) mixtures, and special duty propane, although some people consider commercial propane separate

from LPG.

3.20 Multiple Furnaces: two or more glass melting furnaces at a si ngle facility that do

not exhaust to a common stack.

3.21 Normal Business Hours: Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm.

3.22 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx ): the sum of oxides of nitrogen in the flue gas, collectively expressed as nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ).

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 3 3.23 Oxides of Sulfur (SOx): the sum of compounds containing sulfur and oxygen, such as sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ).

3.24 Oxygen-Assisted Combustion: opera tion of a glass melting furnace where the oxidant is greater than the oxygen conten t in ambient air or greater than 20.9

percent oxygen.

3.25 Oxy-fuel Fired: operation of a gla ss melting furnace where gr eater than 50% of the oxidant for the fuel is provided from enriched oxygen streams.

3.26 Parts Per Million by Volume (ppmv): the ratio of the number of gas molecules of a given species or group of species, to the number of millions of a total gas

molecules.

3.27 Parts Per Million by Weight (ppm): the ratio of the weight of the given species or group of species, to the weight of tota l mixture and the ratio multiplied by one

million.

3.28 Permitted Glass Production Capacity: th e maximum pull rate as stated in the Permit to Operate (PTO).

3.29 PM10: as defined in Rule 1020 (Definitions).

3.30 Potential to Emit: as defined in Rule 2201 (New and Modified Stationary Source Review Rule).

3.31 Primary Furnace Combustion System: th e burners in a furnace that are used during production of glass.

3.32 PTO: a Permit To Operate issued by the District.

3.33 PUC-quality Natural Gas: a gaseous fuel that meets the requir ements specified in California Public Utilities Commission (PUC ) General Order 58-A. PUC-quality natural gas also means that the sulfur content is no mo re than one-fourth (0.25) grain of hydrogen sulfide pe r one hundred (100) standard cubic feet and no more than five (5) grains of total sulfur pe r one hundred (100) standard cubic feet.

3.34 Pull Rate: the amount of glass coming out of a glass melting furnace, expressed in short tons per day.

3.35 Rolling Average: the arith metic average of the emission rates of a furnace over a contiguous period, excl uding periods of system calibration.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 4 3.35.1 For rolling 30-day averages, the aver aged emissions are daily emissions and the contiguous period is 30 days.

3.35.2 For rolling 24-hour averages, the av eraged emissions are hourly emissions and the contiguous period is 24 hours.

3.35.3 For rolling three hour averages, the averaged emi ssions are hourly emissions and the contiguous period is three hours.

3.36 Shutdown: the period of time duri ng which a glass-melting furnace is taken from an operational to a non-operational st atus by allowing it to cool down from its operating temperature to a cold or ambient temperat ure as the fuel supply is

turned off.

3.37 Start-up: the period of time, after in itial construction or a furnace rebuild, during which a glass melting furnace is heated to operating temperature by the primary furnace combustion system, and systems and instrumentation are brought to

stabilization.

3.38 Stationary Source: as defined in Rule 2201 (New and Modified Stationary Source Review Rule).

3.39 Volatile Organic Compound (VOC): as defined in Rule 1020 (Definitions).

4.0 Exemptions

4.1 Except for Section 6.8, the provisions of this rule shall not apply to electric glass melting furnaces where all the heat is supplied by an elect ric current from electrodes submerged in the molten glass, except that h eat may be supplied by other fuels for start-up when the furnace contains no molten glass.

4.2 Except for Section 6.8, the provisions of this rule shall not apply to any glass melting furnace that is part of a stationa ry source with a tota l potential to emit, for all processes, less than ten (10.0) tons per year of NO x and less than ten (10.0) tons per year of VOC.

4.3 Except for Section 6.8, the emission limits of Sections 5.3 and 5.4 and the monitoring requirements of S ections 5.9.3 and 5.9.4 sh all not apply to a glass melting furnace that meets all of the following conditions:

4.3.1 The furnace has permitted glass pr oduction capacity less than five (5) tons per day; and

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 5 4.3.2 The actual total NOx emissions for th e facility are less than eight (8) tons per year; and

4.3.3 The actual total VOC emissions fo r the facility are le ss than eight (8)

tons per year.

4.4 The emission limits in Tables 1 through 4 shall not apply during periods of startup, shutdown, or idling, provided the operator comp lies with the applicable requirements of Sections 5. 5, 5.6, 5.7 and 6.7.

5.0 Requirements

5.1 NOx Emission Limits

5.1.1 Except as specified in Section 4.4, the operator of a ny glass melting furnace shall not operate a fu rnace in such a manner that results in NOx emissions exceeding the limits in Tabl e 1. The deadlines to comply with the emission limits are specified in Section 7.0.

Type of Glass

Produced Tier 2 NOx

limit Tier 3 NOx limit Tier 4 NOx limit Standard Option Tier 4 NOx limit Enhanced Option

Container Glass 4.0 A 1.5 B not available not available

Fiberglass 4.0 A 1.3 A, C

3.0 A, D not available not available

Flat Glass Standard Option 9.2 A

7.0 B 5.5 A

5.0 B 3.7 A

3.2 B 3.4 A

2.9 B

Flat Glass Enhanced Option 9.2 A

7.0 B 5.5 A

5.0 B 3.4 A

2.9 B

Flat Glass Early Enhanced Option 9.2 A

7.0 B not available 3.4 A

2.9 B

A

Block 24-hour average

B Rolling 30-day average

C Not subject to California P ublic Resources Code Section 19511

D Subject to California Pub lic Resources Code Section 19511

5.1.2 Instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable Table 1 Tier 2 NOx limit, an operator may choose to meet the Tier 2 NOx limit for multiple furnaces or furnace batteries by considering the multiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choosing this option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.1 through 9.6.2 for Tier 2 NOx.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 6 5.1.3 Instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable Table 1 Tier 3 NOx limit, an operator of multiple furnaces or a furnace battery may choose to meet the applicable emi ssion limit by considering the multiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choosing this option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9.7.8.5 for

Tier 3 NOx.

5.1.4 A flat glass operato r who commits to meet the Table 1 Tier 4 early enhanced option NOx limits shall comp ly with the limits according to the deadlines specified in Section 7.2.2. After January 1, 2011, an operator who commits to meet the early enhanced NOx limits schedule is not eligible to choose a different compliance option and applicable deadlines.

5.2 CO and VOC Emission Limits

5.2.1 Except as specified in Section 4.4, the operator of a ny glass melting furnace shall not operate a furnace in such a manner that results in CO or VOC emissions exceeding the limits in Table 2.

Table 2 - CO and VOC Emission Limits – rolling three hour average (ppmv limits are referenced at 8% O 2 and dry stack conditions)
Type of Glass

Produced Firing Technology CO Limit VOC Limit

100% air fired furnace 300 ppmv 20 ppmv Container Glass or Fiberglass Oxygen-assisted or Oxy-fuel

furnace 1.0 lb/ton glass produced 0.25 lb/ton glass produced

100% air fired furnace 300 ppmv 20 ppmv
Flat Glass Oxygen-assisted or Oxy-fuel

furnace 0.9 lb/ton glass produced 0.10 lb/ton glass produced

5.2.2 On and after January 1, 2009, instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable CO or VOC or both em ission limit in Table 2, an operator may choose to meet the CO or VOC or both emission limit for multiple furnaces or furnace batteries by consid ering the multiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choosing this option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.6 thr ough 9.7.8.5 for CO emissions or VOC

emissions or both.

5.3 SOx Emission Limits

5.3.1 Effective through December 31, 2010, in order to limit SOx emissions, all glass melting furnaces subject to Table 1 emission limits shall fire on PUCquality natural gas, commercial propa ne, or LPG on and after March 31,

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 7 2008. Liquid fuel may be used as bac kup fuel or standby fuel provided the liquid fuel contains no mo re than 15 ppm of sulfur and the furnace exhaust is controlled by a SOx emission cont rol system with control system efficiency of 50% or gr eater. If a furnace meets the applicable Table 3 SOx limit while firing on backup fuel or standby fuel, the 50% SOx emission control system efficiency re quirement shall not apply.

5.3.2 Effective on and after January 1, 2011, except as specified in Section 4.4

and Section 5.3.3 , each furnace shall meet the applicable SOx emission

limit from Table 3.

Table 3 - SOx Emission Limits in pounds SOx per ton glass produced

Type of Glass

Produced Firing Technology SOx Limit Effective on

and after January 1, 2011
Oxy-fuel furnaces and ≥ 25.0% of

total cullet is mixed color cullet 1.1 B
Container Glass All other container glass furnaces 0.90 B

Fiberglass All technologies 0.90 E

Flat Glass All technologies 1.7 A

1.2 B

A

Block 24-hour average

B Rolling 30-day average

E

Rolling 24-hour average

5.3.3 Effective January 1, 2011 and ending on the co mpliance date detailed in Section 7.2.2, a flat glass furnace operator electing the Tier 4 early enhanced option shall fire on PUC-quality natural gas, commercial propane, or LPG. Liquid fuel may be used as backup fuel or standby fuel provided the liquid fuel contains no more than 15 ppm of sulfur and the furnace exhaust is controlled by a SOx emission control system with control system efficiency of 50% or gr eater. If a furnace meets the applicable Table 3 SOx limit while firing on backup fuel or standby fuel, the 50% SOx emission control system efficiency requirement shall not apply. On and after the compliance date in Section 7.2.2, a fl at glass furnace operator electing the Tier 4 early enhanced option shall be subject to the flat glass SOx emission

limit in Table 3.

5.3.4 5.3.3 The amount of mixed color cullet used shall be determined as a rolling 30-day average.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 8 5.3.5 5. 3

. 4 Instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable SOx limit in Table 3, an operator may choose to meet the SOx limit for multiple furnaces or furnace batteries by consid ering the multiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choosing this option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.6 th rough 9.7.8.5 for SOx emissions.

5.4 PM10 Emission Limits

5.4.1 Effective on and after January 1, 2011

, e E xcept as specified in Section 4.4, the operator of any glass melting furnace shall not opera te a furnace in

such a manner that results in PM10 emissions exceeding the applicable

limits in each furnace shall meet the applicable PM10 emission limit from Table 4, where total PM10 includes both filterable PM10 and condensable

PM10. The deadlines to comp ly with the PM10 emission limits are specified in Section 7.0

Table 4 - PM10 Emission Limits in pounds total PM10 per ton glass produced Block 24-hour average

Type of Glass Produced Firing Technology PM10 Limit Effective on and

after January 1, 2011

Container Glass All technologies 0.50

Fiberglass All technologies 0.50

Flat Glass All technologies 0.70

5.4.2 Instead of each furn ace individually meeting the applicable PM10 limit in Table 4, an operator may choose to meet the PM10 limit for multiple furnaces or furnace batteries by consid ering the multiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choosing this option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.6 th rough 9.7.8.5 for PM10 emissions.

5.5 Start-up Requirements

5.5.1 The operator shall s ubmit a request for a start- up exemption to the APCO, ARB, and EPA in conjunction with or in advance of an application for Authority to Construct (ATC) a ssociated with a furnace rebuild.

5.5.2 The operator shall submit to th e APCO, ARB, and EPA any information deemed necessary by the APCO, ARB, or EPA to determine the appropriate length of start-up exempti on. This information shall include,

but is not limited to:

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 9 5.5.2.1 A detailed list of activities to be performe d during start-up, and a reasonable explanation for the lengt h of time needed to complete each activity, and

5.5.2.2 A description of th e material process flow rates, system operating parameters, etc., that the operat or plans to evaluate during the process optimization,

5.5.2.3 Clearly identified control technol ogies or strategies to be utilized,

5.5.2.4 Explicit descrip tion of what physical c onditions prevail during start-up periods that prevent the co ntrols from being effective, and

5.5.2.5 Reasonably precise estimate as to when physical conditions will

have reached a state that allows for the effective control of

emissions.

5.5.3 Start up exemptions shall begin upon activation of the primary combustion

system.

5.5.4 The actual length of the start-up ex emption shall be de termined by the APCO, ARB, and EPA at the time of th e ATC issuance, but in any case, it shall not exceed the amount of time speci fied in Table 5. The approval for the startup exemption shall be in writing from each agency.

Table 5 – Maximum Start-up Time

Type of Furnace Maximum Start-up NOx control system that does not meet Section 5.5.4.2 provisions Maximum Start-up NOx control system that

meets Section 5.5.4.2 provisions

Container glass 70 days 100 days

Fiber glass 40 days 105 days

Flat glass 104 days 208 days

5.5.4.1 Maximum start-up time for furn aces with NOx controls that do not meet any of the conditions of 5.5.4.2 is listed in the center

column of Table 5.

5.5.4.2 Maximum start-up time colu mn as shown in the rightmost

column of Table 5 shall be th e maximum startup time if the NOx control system meets one or more of the following

conditions:

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

5.5.4.2.1 Is innovative,

5.5.4.2.2 Is not in common use,

5.5.4.2.3 Is not readily availa ble from a commercial supplier,

5.5.4.2.4 Is funded as original research by a public agency.

5.5.5 During start-up period, the stoichiometric ratio of the primary furnace combustion system shall not exceed 5% excess oxygen, as calculated from

the actual fuel and oxidant flow meas urements for combustion in the glass melting furnace.

5.5.6 The emission control system shall be in operation as soon as technologically feasible during start-up to minimize emissions.

5.5.7 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with

Section 6.7.

5.6 Shutdown Requirements

5.6.1 The duration of s hutdown, as measured fr om the time the furnace operations drop below the id le threshold specified in Section 3.17 to when all emissions from the furnace cease, shall not exceed 20 days.

5.6.2 The emission control system shall be in operation whenever technologically feasible during shutdown to minimize emissions.

5.6.3 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with

Section 6.7.

5.7 Idling Requirements

5.7.1 The emission control system shall be in operation whenever technologically feasible during idling to minimize emissions.

5.7.2 Emissions of NOx, CO, VOC, SO x, and PM10 during idling shall not exceed the amount as calculated using the following equation:

Capacity EE i

i *,

max =

Where

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 10

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 11 E

i ,max = maximum daily emission of pollutant i during idling, in pounds pollutant per day;

E

i = Applicable emission limit from Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, or Table 4 for pollutant i, in pounds pollutant per ton glass produced;

Capacity = Furnace’s permitted glass production capacity in tons glass produced per day.

5.7.3 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with

Section 6.7.

5.8 Compliance Determination: Any source testing result, CEMS, or alternate emission monitoring method averaged va lue exceeding the a pplicable emission limits in Section 5.1, Section 5.2, Secti on 5.3, or Section 5.4 shall constitute a

violation of the rule.

5.9 Monitoring Requirements

5.9.1 NOx Emission M onitoring Requirements

The operator of any glass melting fu rnace shall implement a NOx CEMS that is approved, in wr iting, by the APCO and EPA, and that meets the requirements of Section s 6.6. For a furnace ba ttery, a single CEMS may

be used to determine the total NO x emissions from all the furnaces provided the emission measurements are made at the common stack.

5.9.2 CO and VOC Emissi on Monitoring Requirements

Section 5.9.2 shall be in eff ect on and after January 1, 2009.

5.9.2.1 For each furnace subject to Table 2 CO limits, the operator shall implement a CO CEMS th at meets the requirements of Section 6.6.1, and that is appr oved, in writing, by the APCO.

5.9.2.2 For each furnace subject to Table 2 VOC limits, the operator shall implement a VOC CEMS th at meets the requirements of Section 6.6.1, and that is appr oved, in writing, by the APCO.

5.9.2.3 In lieu of inst alling and operating a CEMS for CO or CEMS for VOC or both, an operator ma y propose key system operating parameter(s) and fre quency of monitoring and recording.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 12 5.9.2.3.1 The alternate monitori ng shall meet the requirements

of Section 6.6.2.

5.9.2.3.2 The operator shall obt ain approval of the APCO and EPA for the specific key system operating parameter(s), monitoring fr equency, and recording frequency used by the opera tor to monitor CO/VOC

emissions.

5.9.2.3.3 The operator shall monitor approved key system operating parameter(s) at the approved monitoring frequency to ensure comp liance with the emission limit(s) during periods of emission-producing

activities.

5.9.2.3.4 Acceptable range(s ) for key system operating parameter(s) shall be de monstrated through source

test.

5.9.2.4 For the operator of multip le furnaces or a furnace battery utilizing Section 5.2.2 to comply with CO emission limits or VOC emission limits or both, a single parametric monitoring arrangement or a single CEMS ma y be used to determine the

CO emissions or VOC emissions or both from all the furnaces provided that the multiple furnaces /furnace battery is subject to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9.7.8.5 and:

5.9.2.4.1 For units using a CEMS - the emission measurements

are made at the common stack

5.9.2.4.2 For units us ing a parametric m onitoring arrangement – the key system opera ting parameters are representative of the co mbined exhaust stream.

5.9.3 SOx Emission M onitoring Requirements

Section 5.9.3 shall be in effect on a nd after January 1, 2011. Flat glass furnace operators electing the Tier 4 early enhanced option shall be subject to the requirements of this section by the compliance date in

Section 7.2.2.

5.9.3.1 For each furnace subject to Section 5.3, the operator shall implement a SOx CEMS that meets the requirements of Section 6.6.1 and that is approved, in writing, by the APCO and EPA.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 13 5.9.3.2 In lieu of installing and operating a CEMS for SOx, an operator may propose key system operating parameter(s) and frequency of monitoring and recording.

5.9.3.2.1 The alternate monitori ng shall meet the requirements

of Section 6.6.2.

5.9.3.2.2 The operator shall obt ain approval of the APCO and EPA for the specific key system operating parameter(s), monitoring fr equency, and recording frequency used by the ope rator to monitor SOx

emissions.

5.9.3.2.3 The operator shall monitor approved key system operating parameter(s) at the approved monitoring frequency to ensure comp liance with the emission limit(s) during periods of emission-producing

activities.

5.9.3.2.4 Acceptable range(s ) for key system operating parameter(s) shall be de monstrated through source

test.

5.9.3.3 For the operator of multip le furnaces or a furnace battery utilizing Section 5.3.4 to comp ly with SOx emission limits, a single parametric monitoring ar rangement or a single CEMS may be used to determine th e SOx emissions from all the furnaces provided that the multip le furnaces/furnace battery is subject to the provisions of S ections 9.6 thr ough 9.7.8.5 and:

5.9.3.3.1 For units using a CEMS - the emission measurements

are made at the common stack

5.9.3.3.2 For units us ing a parametric m onitoring arrangement – the key system opera ting parameters are representative of the co mbined exhaust stream.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 14 5.9.4 PM10 Emission M onitoring Requirements

Section 5.9.4 shall be in effect on a nd after January 1, 2011. Flat glass furnace operators electing the Tier 4 early enhanced option shall be subject to the requirements of this section by the compliance date in

Section 7.2.2.

5.9.4.1 The operator sh all propose key system operating parameter(s) and frequency of monito ring and recording.

5.9.4.1.1 The parametric monitoring shall meet the requirements of Section 6.6.2.

5.9.4.1.2 The operator shall obt ain approval of the APCO and EPA for the specific key system operating parameter(s), monitoring fr equency, and recording frequency used by the ope rator to monitor PM10

emissions.

5.9.4.1.3 The operator shall monitor approved key system operating parameter(s) at the approved monitoring frequency to ensure comp liance with the emission limit(s) during periods of emission-producing

activities.

5.9.4.1.4 Acceptable range(s ) for key system operating parameter(s) shall be de monstrated through source

test.

5.9.4.2 In lieu of para metric monitoring, the operator may elect to implement a PM10 CEMS that meets the requirements of Section 6.6.1, and that is a pproved, in writing, by the APCO

and EPA.

5.9.4.3 For the operator of multip le furnaces or a furnace battery utilizing Section 5.4.2 to comp ly with PM10 emission limits, a single parametric monitoring ar rangement or a single CEMS may be used to determine the to tal PM10 emissions from all the furnaces provided that the multip le furnaces/furnace battery is subject to the provisions of S ections 9.6 thr ough 9.7.8.5 and: 5.9.4.3.1 For units using a CEMS - the emission measurements

are made at the common stack

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 15 5.9.4.3.2 For units us ing a parametric m onitoring arrangement – the key system opera ting parameters are representative of the co mbined exhaust stream.

5.10 Routine Maintenance of Add-On Emission Control Systems

Section 5.10 shall be in effect on and after January 1, 2009.

During routine maintenance of an add- on emission control system, an operator of a glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of Secti ons 5.1 through 5.4 is exempt from these limits if:

5.10.1 Routine maintenance in each calendar year does not exceed 144 hours total for all add-on controls; and

5.10.2 Routine maintenance is conducted in a manner consis tent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions.

6.0 Administrative Requirements

6.1 Permitted Glass Production Capacity and Fuel Use Capacity

Through September 30, 2009 , each glass melting furnace’s PTO shall include

either 6.1.1 or 6.1. 2 or both as a permit condition.

6.1.1 The furnace’s permitted glass production capacity in units of tons of glass pulled per day; or

6.1.2 The furnace’s maximum fu el use capacity in units of million British thermal units per hour or per day (MMBtu/hr o r MMBtu/day).

On and after October 1, 2009

, e E ach glass melting furnace’s PTO shall include the furnace’s permitted glass production capacity in units of tons of glass pulled per day as a permit condition.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 16 6.2 Operations Records

Section 6.2 shall be in e ffect through December 31, 2010.

6.2.1 Operators subject to the Tabl e 1 Tier 2 NOx emission limits shall maintain the records speci fied in Sections 6.2. 1.1 through 6.2.1.3 for a period of five years, make them av ailable on site during normal business hours, and submit them to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

6.2.1.1 Daily records of the total hours of operation, type and quantity

of fuel used in each furnace, and/or the quantity of glass pulled from each furnace whichever matches the permit c ondition in the

furnace’s PTO.

6.2.1.2 Daily records of NOx emission rate in lb/ton of glass pulled.

6.2.1.3 Records of source tests a nd operating paramete rs established during initial source test, mainte nance and repair, malfunction, and idling, start-up and shutdown.

6.2.2 The following requirements shall apply from January 1, 2009 through December 31, 2010. Operators sha ll maintain daily records of:

6.2.2.1 CO emission rate in units ma tching Table 2 if CE MS is used for CO monitoring;

6.2.2.2 VOC emission rate in units ma tching Table 2, if CEMS is used for VOC monitoring;

6.2.2.3 For CO or VOC or bot h monitored using an approved parametric monitoring arrangement, operating values of the key system operating parameters.

6.2.3 The operator shall retain the record s specified in Sections 6.2.1 and 6.2.2 for a period of five years, make them available on site during normal business hours to the APCO, ARB, or EPA, and submit them to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 17 6.3 Operations Records

Section 6.3 shall be in effect on and after January 1, 2011.

6.3.1 Operators shall maintain da ily records of the following items:

6.3.1.1 Total hours of operation;

6.3.1.2 The quantity of glass pulled from each furnace;

6.3.1.3 NOx emission rate in lb/ton glass pulled;

6.3.1.4 CO emission rate in units matc hing Table 2, if a CEMS is used;

6.3.1.5 VOC emission rate in units ma tching Table 2, if a CEMS is used;

6.3.1.6 SOx emission rate in lb/ton glass pulled, if a CEMS is used;

6.3.1.7 PM10 emission rate in lb/ton glass pulled, if a CEMS is used;

6.3.1.8 For container glass furn aces that are oxy-fuel fired:

6.3.1.8.1 The weight of mi xed color mix cullet used;

6.3.1.8.2 The total amount of cullet used by weight; and

6.3.1.8.3 The ratio, expressed in percent, of mixed color mix weight to total cullet weight.

6.3.2 For pollutants monitored using an approved parametric monitoring arrangement, operators shall record the operating values of the key system operating parameters at th e approved recording frequency.

6.3.3 Operators shall maintain records of the following items:

6.3.3.1 Source tests and source test results;

6.3.3.2 The acceptable range for each approved key sy stem operating parameter, as establis hed during source test;

6.3.3.3 Maintenance and repair; and

6.3.3.4 Malfunction.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 18 6.3.4 The operator shall retain record s specified in Sections 6.3.1 through 6.3.3 for a period of fi ve years; make the records available on site during normal business hours to the APCO, ARB, or EPA; and submit the records to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

6.4 Compliance Source Testing

6.4.1 Each glass melting furnace or a furn ace battery shall be source tested at least once every calendar year, but not more than every 18 months and not sooner than every 6 months to demonstrate comp liance with the applicable requirements of Section 5.0. Sources ex empt under Section 4.3 are not required to source test for the exempted pollutants.

6.4.2 Source test conditions shall be representative of normal operations, but not less than 60 percent of the pe rmitted glass production capacity.

6.4.3 For operators using alternative monitoring systems, during the source test, the operator shall monitor and record, at a minimum, all operating data for each parameter, fresh feed rate, and fl ue gas flow rate and submit this data with the test report.

6.4.4 During source testing in accordance with Section 6.4.1, the arithmetic average of three (3) 30-consecutive-minu te test runs shall be used to determine compliance with NOx, CO, VOC, and SOx emission limits.

6.4.5 During source testing in accordance with Section 6.4.1, the arithmetic average of three (3) 60-consecutive-mi nute test runs shall be used to determine compliance with PM10 emission limits.

6.4.6 For a given pollutant, if two of the three runs individually demonstrate emissions above the applicable lim it, the test cannot be used to demonstrate compliance fo r the furnace, even if the averaged emissions

of all three test runs is le ss than the applicable limit.

6.5 Test Methods

Compliance with the requirements of S ection 5.0 shall be determined in accordance with the following source test procedures or their equivalents as approved by the EPA, ARB, and the APCO:

6.5.1 Oxides of nitrogen – EPA Met hod 7E, EPA Method 19, or ARB Method

100.

6.5.2 Carbon monoxide (ppmv) – EP A Method 10, or ARB Method 100.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 19 6.5.3 Volatile Organic Compound (ppmv) – EPA Method 25A expressed in

terms of carbon or ARB Method 100. EPA Method 18 or ARB Method

422 shall be used to determine emissions of exempt compounds.

6.5.4 Stack gas oxygen, car bon dioxide, excess air, a nd dry molecular weight – EPA Method 3 or 3A, or ARB Method 100.

6.5.5 Stack gas velocity and volum etric flow rate – EPA Method 2.

6.5.6 Oxides of sulfur – EPA Method 6C , EPA Method 8, or ARB Method 100.

6.5.7 The SOx emission control system effi ciency shall be determined using the following:

6.5.7.1 EPA Method 2 for meas uring flow rates; and

6.5.7.2 EPA Method 6C or EPA Method 8 for measuring total SOx (expressed as SO 2 ) concentrations at the inlet and outlet of the

control device.

6.5.7.3 The SOx emission control syst em efficiency shall be calculated using the following equation: % Control Efficiency = [ (C SO2, inlet

– C SO2, outlet ) / C SO2, inlet ] X 100

Where:

C SO2, inlet = concentration of SOx (expressed as SO 2 ) at the inlet side of the SOx emission control system, in lb/dscf

C SO2, outlet = concentration of SOx (expressed as SO 2 ) at the outlet side of the SOx emission control system, in lb/dscf

6.5.8 Sulfur content of liquid fuel – Am erican Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D 6428-99 or ASTM D 5453-99.

6.5.9 PM10 Test Methods

6.5.9.1 Filterable PM10 emissions - EPA Method 5; EPA Method 201; or EPA Method 201A. An ope rator choosing EPA Method 5

shall count all PM collected as PM10.

6.5.9.2 Condensable PM 10 emi ssions - EPA Method 202 with the following procedures:

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 20 6.5.9.2.1 Purge the impinger w ith dry nitrogen for one hour. The one-hour purge with dry nitrogen shall be performed as soon possible af ter the final leak check of the system.

6.5.9.2.2 Neutralize the inorganic portion to a pH of 7.0. Use the procedure, "Determina tion of NH4 Retained in Sample by Titration" de scribed in Method 202 to

neutralize the sulfuric acid. Neutralizing the inorganic portion to a pH of7.0 determines the unneutralized sulfuric acid cont ent of the sample without over-correcting the amount of neutralized sulfate in the inorganic portion.

6.5.9.2.3 Evaporate the last 1 ml of the inorganic fraction by air drying following evapora tion of the bulk of the impinger water in a 105 degr ees C oven as described

in the first sentence of the Method 202 section titled "Inorganic Fraction Wei ght Determination.”

6.6 Emission s Monitoring Systems

6.6.1 An approved CEMS shall comply w ith all of the following requirements:

6.6.1.1 Code of Fede ral Regulations Title 40 (40 CFR) Part 51;

6.6.1.2 40 CFR Part 60.7 (Notif ication and Record Keeping);

6.6.1.3 40 CFR Part 60.13 (Monitoring Requirements);

6.6.1.4 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix B (Performance Specifications);

6.6.1.5 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix F (Quality Assurance Procedures);

and

6.6.1.6 Applicable sections of Rule 1080 (Stack Monitoring).

6.6.2 An approved alternate emission s monitoring method shall be capable of determining the furnace emissions on an hourly basis and shall comply with the following requirements:

6.6.2.1 40 CFR 64 (Compliance Assurance Monitoring); and

6.6.2.2 40 CFR 60.13 (Mon itoring Requirements).

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 21 6.7 Notifications and Records fo r Start-up, Shutdown, and Idling

6.7.1 The operator of any glass melti ng furnace claiming an exemption under Section 4.4 shall notify the APCO by telephone at leas t 24 hours before initiating idling, shutdown, or start- up. The notification shall include:

date and time of the start of the ex empt operation, reason for performing the operation, and an estimated completion date.

6.7.2 The operator shall notify the AP CO by telephone within 24 hours after completion of the start-up, shutdown, or idling.

6.7.3 The operator claiming exemption under Section 4.4 sh all maintain all operating records/support documentati on necessary to support claim of exemption.

6.7.4 Records/support documentation requi red by Section 6.7.3 shall meet the following requirements:

6.7.4.1 The records/support documentati on shall be retained on-site for five years.

6.7.4.2 The records/support documenta tion shall be made available to the APCO, ARB, or EPA during normal business hours.

6.7.4.3 The records/support documen tation shall be submitted to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

6.8 Records for Exempt Furnaces

6.8.1 An operator claiming exemption under Section 4.1, Section 4.2, or

Section 4.3 shall maintain record s/documentation necessary to support claim of exemption.

6.8.2 Records/support documentation specifi ed in Section 6.8.1 shall meet the following requirements:

6.8.2.1 The records/documentation sha ll be retained on site for five

years.

6.8.2.2 The records/documentation sh all be made available to the APCO, ARB, or EPA during normal business hours.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 22 6.8.2.3 The records/documentation shall be submitted to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request. 7.0 Compliance Schedule

7.1 Container Glass and Fiberglass Furnaces

7.1.1 For container gla ss/fiberglass furnaces, the operator must submit a completed Authority to Construct (ATC ) application, if needed, by June 1, 2012; and be in full compliance w ith the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 3 NOx limits by January 1, 2014.

7.1.2 For a container glass /fiberglass furnace that is not meeting the applicable

SOx limit in Section 5.3 Table 3 on January 1, 2009, the operator must submit a completed ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2009 and be in full compliance with the applicable SOx emi ssion limit by January 1,

2011.

7.1.3 For a container glass /fiberglass furnace that is not meeting the applicable

PM10 emission limit in Section 5.4 Table 4 on January 1, 2009, the operator must submit a completed ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2009; and be in full compliance with the applicable PM10 limit by January 1, 2011.

7.2 Flat Glass Furnaces

7.2.1 A flat glass operator, who does not commit to the Tier 4 early enhanced option in Section 5.1 Table 1, shall co mply with the app licable deadlines specified in Sections 7.2.1.1 through 7.2.1.6.

7.2.1.1 7. 2 .1 The operator must submit a comp leted ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2009; and be in full compliance with the

Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 3 NO x limits by January 1, 2011.

7.2.1.2 7. 2 .2 By January 1, 2011, operators of flat glass furnaces shall submit, in writing, a letter signed by a responsible official. The letter shall include the following information:

7.2.1.2.1 7. 2 .2.1 Name and address of the facility;

7.2.1.2.2 7. 2 .2.2 A statement declari ng whether the furnace

will meet the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 standard option or the Tier 4 enhanced option;

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 23 7.2.1.2.3 7. 2 .2.3 The technology expected to be utilized to meet the stated Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 option; and

7.2.1.2.4 7. 2 .2.4 Signature of responsib le official with the person’s printed name and title.

7.2.1.3 7. 2 .3 Operators utilizing the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 standard option shall submit a completed AT C application, if needed, by June 1, 2012; and be in full compliance with the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 standard opti on NOx limits by Ja nuary 1, 2014.

7.2.1.4 7. 2 .4 Operators utilizing the S ection 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 enhanced option shall submit a co mpleted ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2016; and be in full compliance with the

Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 enhanced option NOx limits by January 1, 2018.

7.2.1.5 7.2.5 For a furnace that is not meeting the applicable SOx

emission limit in Section 5.3 Ta ble 3 on January 1, 2009, the operator must submit a completed ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2009 and be in full co mpliance with the applicable SOx emission limit by January 1, 2011.

7.2.1.6 7.2.6 For a furnace that is not meeting the applicable PM10

emission limit in Section 5.4 Ta ble 4 on January 1, 2009, the operator must submit a completed ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2009; and be in full compliance with the applicable PM10 limit by January 1, 2011.

7.2.2 A flat glass operator, who commits to the Tier 4 early enhanced option in Section 5.1 Table 1, shall comply with the applicable emission limits by the compliance deadlines specified in Sections 7.2.2.1 through 7.2.2.3.

7.2.2.1 By November 1, 2010, operators of flat glass furnaces shall submit, in writing, a letter signed by a responsible official. The letter shall include the following information:

7.2.2.1.1 Name and a ddress of the facility ;

7.2.2.1.2 A statement declar ing the furnace will meet the Tier 4 early enhanced op tion, Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 NOx limit; Section 5.3 Table 3 SOx limit;

and Section 5.4 Table 4 PM10 limit by January 1,

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

2014 or by the next furnace rebuild schedule,

whichever is earlier.

7.2.2.1.3 The technologies expect ed to be utilized to meet the stated Early Enhan ced Option, Section 5.1 Table 1, Tier 4 NOx lim it; Section 5.3 Table 3 SOx limit; and Section 5.4 Table 4 PM10 limit;

and

7.2.2.1.4 Signature of responsible official with the person’s printed name and title.

7.2.2.2 By June 1, 2012, the opera tor shall submit a completed ATC application, if needed, for any furnace modifications to comply with the applicable NOx, SOx and PM10 emission limits.

7.2.2.3 Full compliance with the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 early enhanced option NOx limits; S ection 5.3 Table 3 SOx limit;

and Section 5.4 Table 4 PM10 limit by January 1, 2014 or by the next furnace rebuild, whichever is earlier.

8.0 Calculations

8.1 The pollutant mass emission rate in lb/h r shall be converted to lb pollutant/ton of glass pulled according to the following equation:

hrtonsinratePull emittedhrlb pulledglassofton emittedlb / / / =

8.2 100% air-fuel fired furnaces which ha ve concentration limits in ppmv values shall be subject to the CO and VOC em ission limits specified in Section 5.2.

These limits are referenced at dry stack gas conditions and 8.0 percent by volume of stack oxygen. The CO and VOC emission concentrations shall be corrected to 8.0 percent oxygen by using the equation be low, or an equivalent correction method that is approved, in writing, by each of the following: APCO, ARB, and EPA.



### ) CO(ppmvx ) O %(20.9% 12.9%

= ) CO(ppmv measured measured 2 corrected



### −

) VOC(ppmv ) O 2 (% 20.9% 12.9%

= ) VOC(ppmv

measure d

measured corrected x

−

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 24

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 25 8.3 The operator of a oxy-fuel fired fu rnace, oxygen-assisted combustion furnace, or a furnace utilizing any fuel oxidants other than 100% ambient air, shall submit to the APCO, ARB, and EPA for approval any methodol ogies and data

that will be used to calculate emissi on rates for NOx, CO, and VOC if the methods are different than specified in S ections 8.1 or 8.2. Unless the operator received prior written approval from APCO, ARB, and EPA of all the

calculation methods to be used that are diffe rent than specified in Sections 8.1 or 8.2, compliance with the emission s limits cannot be fully demonstrated, and it

shall be deemed to be a violation of the rule.

9.0 Furnace Battery or Multiple Furnaces Control

9.1 As an alternative to co mplying with Section 5.1 Tier 2 NOx emission limits, the operator of a furnace battery or multip le furnaces shall operate the furnace battery or multiple furnaces pursuant to Sections 9.2 through 9.6.2. Any violation of the requirements below shall be considered a violation of this rule, and a violation of the aggregated emissi on limits shall constitute a violation for

each furnace for the en tire averaging time.

9.2 Any operator who elects to comply with Section 9.0 in lieu of complying with the requirements of Section 5.1 Tier 2 NOx emission limits shall be subject to a 10% environmental air quality benefit pur suant to 40 CFR 51 Subpart U. NOx
emissions shall be at least 10% lower th an the limits specifi ed in Section 5.1

Tier 2.

9.3 The daily aggregate NOx emissions, as determined in accordance with Section 9.6, shall be no greater than thos e obtained by controlling each furnace to comply individually with the limits in Section 5.1 Tier 2.

9.4 The operator shall conduct source te sting of the furn ace according to the requirements of Section 6.4.

9.5 Determination of Compliance

9.5.1 The operator shall calculate and r ecord on a daily basi s the aggregated emissions of furnaces which are subject to Section 9.2. Such records shall be kept for a peri od of five years. The operator shall notify the APCO of any violation of Section 9.3 within 24 hours. The notification

shall include:

9.5.1.1 name and loca tion of the facility;

9.5.1.2 identification of fu rnace(s) causing the exceedances;

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 26 9.5.1.3 the cause and the exp ected duration of exceedances;

9.5.1.4 calculation of actual NOx, CO and VOC emissions;

9.5.1.5 corrective actions and schedules to complete the work.

9.5.2 The operator shall demonstrate compliance with the requirements of Section 9.3 through CEMS data or approved alternate emission monitoring methods, and source test results.

9.6 Determination of Aggregated Emissions

9.6.1 The aggregated emissions for a gi ven pollutant of a furnace battery are the emissions for the pollutant as m easured at the common stack divided by the sum of the daily gla ss pulled from each furnace.

9.6.2 The aggregated emissions of multip le furnaces for a given pollutant are

the sum of each furnace’s daily emissions for the pollutant divided by the sum of the daily glass pulled from each furnace.

9.7 Multiple Furnaces/Furnace Battery Re quirements for Tier 3 NOx, CO, VOC,

SOx and PM10 Control

9.7.1 An operator of either furnace batte ry or multiple furn aces that elects to

meet the emission limits for the furn aces through the requirements of this section shall be subject to a 10% air quality benefit in accordance with 40 CFR Part 51 Subpart U. The maximum emission rate shall be at least 10% lower than the applicable limit specified in Section 5.1 (Tier 3 NOx), Section 5.2 (CO and VOC), S ection 5.3 (SOx), or Section 5.4 (PM10), for each pollutant subject to this option.

9.7.2 The operator of a furnace battery or multiple furnaces choosing the alternate emission limit shall operate the furnace batte ry or multiple furnaces according to Sections 9.7. 3 through 9.7.8.5. Only those pollutants with emissions that are averaged across multiple furnaces/furnace battery are subject to all subparts of Section 9.7.

Pollutant emissions that are not averaged across multiple furnaces/furnace battery are subject to the applicable emission limits of Sections 5.1 through 5.4.

9.7.3 The daily aggregate emissions, as determined in accordance with Section 9.6, shall be no greater than t hose obtained by controlling each furnace

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 27 to comply individually with appli cable emission limits, less the 10% air quality benefit.

9.7.4 The operator shall demonstrate compliance with Section 9.7.3 through source test results and monitoring by either CEMS or approved alternate emission monitoring methods.

9.7.5 The operator shall c onduct source testing of the furnaces according to the requirements of Section 6.4.

9.7.6 Records shall be kept in accordan ce with the applicable provisions of

Section 6.0.

9.7.7 Any violation of the aggregated emission limits shall constitute a

violation of the rule for each furn ace for the entire averaging period.

9.7.8 The operator shall notify the APCO of any violation of Section 9.7.3

within 24 hours. The notification shall include:

9.7.8.1 Name and loca tion of the facility;

9.7.8.2 Identification of furn ace(s) causing the violation;

9.7.8.3 The cause and the exp ected duration of violation;

9.7.8.4 Calculation of actual NOx, CO, VOC, SOx, and PM10 emissions during the violation;

9.7.8.5 Corrective actions and schedules to complete the work

.

# PROPOSED September 16, 2010

Proposed Rule 4354 4354 - 28 This page intentionally blank.